FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Soares-Santos, M de Carvalho, RR Annis, J Gal, RR La Barbera, F Lopes, PAA Wechsler, RH Busha, MT Gerke, BF AF Soares-Santos, Marcelle de Carvalho, Reinaldo R. Annis, James Gal, Roy R. La Barbera, Francesco Lopes, Paulo A. A. Wechsler, Risa H. Busha, Michael T. Gerke, Brian F. TI THE VORONOI TESSELLATION CLUSTER FINDER IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; methods: data analysis ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; DETECTION ALGORITHMS; ABELL CLUSTERS; RICH CLUSTERS; CATALOG; MAXBCG; PARAMETERS AB We present a detailed description of the Voronoi Tessellation (VT) cluster finder algorithm in 2+1 dimensions, which improves on past implementations of this technique. The need for cluster finder algorithms able to produce reliable cluster catalogs up to redshift 1 or beyond and down to 10(13.5) solar masses is paramount especially in light of upcoming surveys aiming at cosmological constraints from galaxy cluster number counts. We build the VT in photometric redshift shells and use the two-point correlation function of the galaxies in the field to both determine the density threshold for detection of cluster candidates and to establish their significance. This allows us to detect clusters in a self-consistent way without any assumptions about their astrophysical properties. We apply the VT to mock catalogs which extend to redshift 1.4 reproducing the ACDM cosmology and the clustering properties observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. An objective estimate of the cluster selection function in terms of the completeness and purity as a function of mass and redshift is as important as having a reliable cluster finder. We measure these quantities by matching the VT cluster catalog with the mock truth table. We show that the VT can produce a cluster catalog with completeness and purity > 80% for the redshift range up to similar to 1 and mass range down to similar to 10(13.5) solar masses. C1 [Soares-Santos, Marcelle; Annis, James] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Soares-Santos, Marcelle] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Carvalho, Reinaldo R.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Div Astrofis, BR-12201 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Gal, Roy R.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [La Barbera, Francesco] INAF Osservatorio Astron Capodimonte, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Lopes, Paulo A. A.] Observ Valongo, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Wechsler, Risa H.; Busha, Michael T.; Gerke, Brian F.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Soares-Santos, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM marcelle@fnal.gov RI 7, INCT/H-6207-2013; Astrofisica, Inct/H-9455-2013; Lopes, Paulo/B-3055-2013; OI La Barbera, Francesco/0000-0003-1181-6841 FU CNPq; Fermilab Center for Particle Astrophysics; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX M.S.-S. has received support from the Brazilian agency CNPq and from the Fermilab Center for Particle Astrophysics for this work. R.H.W. and B.F.G. received support from the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. Thanks to Massimo Ramella for making his code available at http://www.ts.astro.it/astro/VoroHome/ and to Yang Jiao for pointing out the simulated annealing method applied in this paper. Thanks to Jorge Horvath for careful reading of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 727 IS 1 AR 45 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/45 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 703PT UT WOS:000285992000045 ER PT J AU Pomorski, M Miernik, K Dominik, W Janas, Z Pfutzner, M Bingham, CR Czyrkowski, H Cwiok, M Darby, IG Dabrowski, R Ginter, T Grzywacz, R Karny, M Korgul, A Kusmierz, W Liddick, SN Rajabali, M Rykaczewski, K Stolz, A AF Pomorski, M. Miernik, K. Dominik, W. Janas, Z. Pfuetzner, M. Bingham, C. R. Czyrkowski, H. Cwiok, M. Darby, I. G. Dabrowski, R. Ginter, T. Grzywacz, R. Karny, M. Korgul, A. Kusmierz, W. Liddick, S. N. Rajabali, M. Rykaczewski, K. Stolz, A. TI beta-delayed proton emission branches in Cr-43 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DRIP-LINE; DECAY; NUCLEAR; RADIOACTIVITY AB The beta(+) decay of very neutron-deficient Cr-43 was studied by means of an imaging time projection chamber that allowed recording tracks of charged particles. Events of beta-delayed emission of one, two, and three protons were clearly identified. The absolute branching ratios for these channels were determined to be ( 81 +/- 4)%, ( 7.1 +/- 0.4)%, and ( 0.08 +/- 0.03)%, respectively. Cr-43 is thus established as the second case in which the beta-3p decay occurs. Although the feeding to the proton-bound states in V-43 is expected to be negligible, the large branching ratio of ( 12 +/- 4)% for decays without proton emission is found. C1 [Pomorski, M.; Miernik, K.; Dominik, W.; Janas, Z.; Pfuetzner, M.; Czyrkowski, H.; Cwiok, M.; Dabrowski, R.; Karny, M.; Korgul, A.; Kusmierz, W.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Bingham, C. R.; Darby, I. G.; Grzywacz, R.; Liddick, S. N.; Rajabali, M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ginter, T.; Stolz, A.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Grzywacz, R.; Rykaczewski, K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pomorski, M (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM pfutzner@fuw.edu.pl FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [1 P03B 138 30]; US National Science Foundation [PHY-06-06007]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER40983, DEFC03-03NA00143, DOE-AC05-00OR22725]; Foundation for Polish Science FX This work was supported by Grant No. 1 P03B 138 30 from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-06-06007, and the US Department of Energy under Contracts No. DE-FG02-96ER40983, No. DEFC03-03NA00143, and No. DOE-AC05-00OR22725. A. K. acknowledges the support from the Foundation for Polish Science. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014306 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 713QW UT WOS:000286753500002 ER PT J AU Yang, TJ AF Yang, Tingjun CA MINOS Collaboration TI SEARCH FOR nu(mu) -> nu(e) OSCILLATIONS IN THE MINOS EXPERIMENT SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Review DE MINOS; long-baseline; neutrino oscillations; theta(13) ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; LEPTON CHARGE; PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; DETECTOR AB The MINOS experiment uses the NuMI nu(mu) beam to make precise measurements of neutrino flavor oscillations in the "atmospheric" neutrino sector. MINOS can also probe the yet-unknown neutrino mixing angle theta(13) by searching for a nu(e) appearance signal in the nu(mu) beam. This paper reviews the techniques developed for the first nu(e) appearance analysis in MINOS. C1 [Yang, Tingjun; MINOS Collaboration] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Yang, TJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM tjyang@fnal.gov FU US DOE; UK STFC; US NSF; State and University of Minnesota; University of Athens, Greece; FAPESP, Brazil; CNPq, Brazil; CAPES, Brazil FX This work was supported by the US DOE; the UK STFC; the US NSF; the State and University of Minnesota; the University of Athens, Greece; and Brazil's FAPESP, CNPq, and CAPES. We are grateful to the Minnesota DNR, the crew of the Soudan Underground Laboratory, and the staff of Fermilab for their contributions to this effort. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 BP 179 EP 189 DI 10.1142/S0217751X11051317 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 711SS UT WOS:000286612300001 ER PT J AU Neill, JD Sullivan, M Gal-Yam, A Quimby, R Ofek, E Wyder, TK Howell, DA Nugent, P Seibert, M Martin, DC Overzier, R Barlow, TA Foster, K Friedman, PG Morrissey, P Neff, SG Schiminovich, D Bianchi, L Donas, J Heckman, TM Lee, YW Madore, BF Milliard, B Rich, RM Szalay, AS AF Neill, James D. Sullivan, Mark Gal-Yam, Avishay Quimby, Robert Ofek, Eran Wyder, Ted K. Howell, D. Andrew Nugent, Peter Seibert, Mark Martin, D. Christopher Overzier, Roderik Barlow, Tom A. Foster, Karl Friedman, Peter G. Morrissey, Patrick Neff, Susan G. Schiminovich, David Bianchi, Luciana Donas, Jose Heckman, Timothy M. Lee, Young-Wook Madore, Barry F. Milliard, Bruno Rich, R. Michael Szalay, Alex S. TI THE EXTREME HOSTS OF EXTREME SUPERNOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: dwarf; stars: luminosity function, mass function; stars: massive; supernovae: general ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOUS SUPERNOVA; FORMATION RATES; MASSIVE STAR; IIN SUPERNOVAE; IA SUPERNOVAE; UV; ULTRAVIOLET AB We use GALEX ultraviolet (UV) and optical integrated photometry of the hosts of 17 luminous supernovae (LSNe, having peak M-V < -21) and compare them to a sample of 26,000 galaxies from a cross-match between the SDSS DR4 spectral catalog and GALEX interim release 1.1. We place the LSN hosts on the galaxy NUV - r versus M-r color-magnitude diagram (CMD) with the larger sample to illustrate how extreme they are. The LSN hosts appear to favor low-density regions of the galaxy CMD falling on the blue edge of the blue cloud toward the low-luminosity end. From the UV-optical photometry, we estimate the star formation history of the LSN hosts. The hosts have moderately low star formation rates (SFRs) and low stellar masses (M-*) resulting in high specific star formation rates (sSFR). Compared with the larger sample, the LSN hosts occupy low-density regions of a diagram plotting sSFR versus M-* in the area having higher sSFR and lower M-*. This preference for low M-*, high sSFR hosts implies that the LSNe are produced by an effect having to do with their local environment. The correlation of mass with metallicity suggests that perhaps wind-driven mass loss is the factor that prevents LSNe from arising in higher-mass, higher-metallicity hosts. The massive progenitors of the LSNe (> 100 M-circle dot), by appearing in low-SFR hosts, are potential tests for theories of the initial mass function that limit the maximum mass of a star based on the SFR. C1 [Neill, James D.; Quimby, Robert; Ofek, Eran; Wyder, Ted K.; Martin, D. Christopher; Barlow, Tom A.; Foster, Karl; Friedman, Peter G.; Morrissey, Patrick] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sullivan, Mark] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Gal-Yam, Avishay] Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Howell, D. Andrew] Global Telescope Network, Las Cumbres Observ, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Nugent, Peter] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seibert, Mark; Madore, Barry F.] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Overzier, Roderik] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Neff, Susan G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astron & Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schiminovich, David] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bianchi, Luciana] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Donas, Jose; Milliard, Bruno] Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13376 Marseille 12, France. [Heckman, Timothy M.; Szalay, Alex S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lee, Young-Wook] Yonsei Univ, Ctr Space Astrophys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Rich, R. Michael] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Neill, JD (reprint author), CALTECH, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. OI Sullivan, Mark/0000-0001-9053-4820 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, provided staff, computational resources and data storage for this project. NR 64 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 727 IS 1 AR 15 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/15 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 703PT UT WOS:000285992000015 ER PT J AU Feldmann, R Gnedin, NY AF Feldmann, R. Gnedin, N. Y. TI ON THE TIME VARIABILITY OF THE STAR FORMATION EFFICIENCY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; stars: formation ID GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CLUSTER FORMATION; TURBULENCE; GALAXIES; DRIVEN; GAS AB A star formation efficiency per free-fall time that evolves over the lifetime of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) may have important implications for models of supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds or for the relation between the star formation rate and H-2 surface density. We discuss observational data that could be interpreted as evidence of such a time variability. In particular, we investigate a recent claim based on measurements of H-2 and stellar masses in individual GMCs. We show that this claim depends crucially on the assumption that H-2 masses do not evolve over the lifetimes of GMCs. We exemplify our findings with a simple toy model that uses a constant star formation efficiency and, yet, is able to explain the observational data. C1 [Feldmann, R.; Gnedin, N. Y.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Feldmann, R.; Gnedin, N. Y.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Feldmann, R.; Gnedin, N. Y.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gnedin, N. Y.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Feldmann, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM feldmann@fnal.gov FU DOE at Fermilab; NSF [AST-0908063]; NASA [NNX-09AJ54G] FX The authors are grateful to A. Kravtsov, M. Krumholz, and N. Murray for helpful comments. The authors also thank the Aspen Center for Physics and the organizers of the workshop "Star Formation in Galaxies: From Recipes to Real Physics" for providing a stimulating research environment. This work was supported in part by the DOE at Fermilab, by the NSF grant AST-0908063, and by the NASA grant NNX-09AJ54G. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 727 IS 1 AR L12 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/727/1/L12 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 703QG UT WOS:000285993800012 ER PT J AU Briggs, MS Connaughton, V Wilson-Hodge, C Preece, RD Fishman, GJ Kippen, RM Bhat, PN Paciesas, WS Chaplin, VL Meegan, CA von Kienlin, A Greiner, J Dwyer, JR Smith, DM AF Briggs, Michael S. Connaughton, Valerie Wilson-Hodge, Colleen Preece, Robert D. Fishman, Gerald J. Kippen, R. Marc Bhat, P. N. Paciesas, William S. Chaplin, Vandiver L. Meegan, Charles A. von Kienlin, Andreas Greiner, Jochen Dwyer, Joesph R. Smith, David M. TI Electron-positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with Fermi GBM SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY FLASHES; RUNAWAY ELECTRONS; BURST MONITOR; THUNDERSTORM; AIR AB Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) are brief pulses of energetic radiation observed in low-earth orbit. They are associated with thunderstorms and lightning and have been observed both as gamma-ray and electron flashes depending on the position of the spacecraft with respect to the source. While gamma-ray TGFs are detected as short pulses lasting less than 1 ms, most TGFs seen by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) with durations greater than 1 ms are, instead, the result of electrons traveling from the sources along geomagnetic field lines. We perform spectral analysis of the three brightest electron TGFs detected by GBM and discover strong 511 keV positron annihilation lines, demonstrating that these electron TGFs also contain substantial positron components. This shows that pair production occurs in conjunction with some terrestrial lightning and that most likely all TGFs are injecting electron-positron beams into the near Earth environment. Citation: Briggs, M. S., et al. (2011), Electron-positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with Fermi GBM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02808, doi:10.1029/2010GL046259. C1 [Briggs, Michael S.; Connaughton, Valerie; Preece, Robert D.; Bhat, P. N.; Paciesas, William S.; Chaplin, Vandiver L.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Wilson-Hodge, Colleen; Fishman, Gerald J.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Dwyer, Joesph R.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [von Kienlin, Andreas; Greiner, Jochen] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Kippen, R. Marc] Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meegan, Charles A.] USRA, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Smith, David M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Preece, Robert D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Briggs, MS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, CSPAR, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM michael.briggs@uah.edu; jerry.fishman@nasa.gov; mkippen@lanl.gov; chip.meegan@nasa.gov; azk@mpe.mpg.de; jdwyer@fit.edu; dsmith@scipp.ucsc.edu OI Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335 NR 19 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 38 AR L02808 DI 10.1029/2010GL046259 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 710MX UT WOS:000286517000004 ER PT J AU Lipnikov, K Manzini, G Brezzi, F Buffa, A AF Lipnikov, K. Manzini, G. Brezzi, F. Buffa, A. TI The mimetic finite difference method for the 3D magnetostatic field problems on polyhedral meshes SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Div-curl equations; Magnetostatics; Mimetic finite differences; Polyhedral mesh ID LOGICALLY RECTANGULAR GRIDS; DIV-CURL PROBLEMS; DIFFUSION-PROBLEMS; CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; NATURAL DISCRETIZATIONS; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; LINEAR ELASTICITY; ERROR ESTIMATOR; VOLUME METHOD AB We extend the mimetic finite difference (MFD) method to the numerical treatment of magnetostatic fields problems in mixed div-curl form for the divergence-free magnetic vector potential. To accomplish this task, we introduce three sets of degrees of freedom that are attached to the vertices, the edges, and the faces of the mesh, and two discrete operators mimicking the curl and the gradient operator of the differential setting. Then, we present the construction of two suitable quadrature rules for the numerical discretization of the domain integrals of the div-curl variational formulation of the magnetostatic equations. This construction is based on an algebraic consistency condition that generalizes the usual construction of the inner products of the MFD method. We also discuss the linear algebraic form of the resulting MFD scheme, its practical implementation, and discuss existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution by generalizing the concept of logically rectangular or cubic meshes by Hyman and Shashkov to the case of unstructured polyhedral meshes. The accuracy of the method is illustrated by solving numerically a set of academic problems and a realistic engineering problem. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lipnikov, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manzini, G.; Buffa, A.] CNR, IMATI, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Manzini, G.] IUSS Pavia, Ctr Simulaz Numer Avanzata CeSNA, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Brezzi, F.] Ist Univ Super, Pavia, Italy. RP Lipnikov, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lipnikov@lanl.gov; Marco.Manzini@imati.cnr.it; brezzi@imati.cnr.it; annalisa@imati.cnr.it RI Buffa, Annalisa/C-4275-2011; Brezzi, Franco/D-4362-2009; OI Buffa, Annalisa/0000-0003-0384-0876; Brezzi, Franco/0000-0003-4715-5475; Manzini, Gianmarco/0000-0003-3626-3112 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) FX This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and the DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Program in Applied Mathematics Research. The second author thanks the 2009 Short Term Mobility Program of Italian Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR). The third author thanks the PRIN-2008 research program of Italian MIUR. NR 49 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 230 IS 2 BP 305 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2010.09.007 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 692AE UT WOS:000285123100002 ER PT J AU Jiang, W Hardy, DJ Phillips, JC MacKerell, AD Schulten, K Roux, B AF Jiang, Wei Hardy, David J. Phillips, James C. MacKerell, Alexander D., Jr. Schulten, Klaus Roux, Benoit TI High-Performance Scalable Molecular Dynamics Simulations of a Polarizable Force Field Based on Classical Drude Oscillators in NAMD SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUCTUATING CHARGE; COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; AQUEOUS SOLVATION; LIQUID WATER; MODEL; PROTEINS; ALGORITHM; METHANOL; AMIDES; FLUIDS AB Incorporating the influence of induced polarization in large-scale atmositic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is a critical challenge in the progress toward computations of increased accuracy. One compuationally efficient treatment is based on the classical Drude oscillator, in which an auxiliary charged particle is attached by a spring to each nucleus. Here, we report the first implementation of this model in the program NAMD. An extended Lagrangian dynamics with a dual-Langevin thermostat scheme applied to the Drude-nucleus pairs is employed to efficiently generate classical dynamic propagation near the self-consistent field limit. Large-scale MD simulations based on the Drude polarizable force field scale very well on massively distributed supercomputing platforms the computational demand increasing by only a factor of 1.2 to 1.8 compared to nonpolarizable models. As an illustration, a large-scale 150 mM NaCl aqueous salt solution is simulated, and the calculated ionic conductivity is shown to be in excellent agreement with experiment. C1 [MacKerell, Alexander D., Jr.] Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Jiang, Wei] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Hardy, David J.; Phillips, James C.; Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Roux, Benoit] Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Roux, Benoit] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP MacKerell, AD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM alex@outerbanks.umaryland.edu; kschulte@ks.uiuc.edu; roux@uchicago.edu OI MacKerell, Alex/0000-0001-8287-6804 FU Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF); National Institutes of Health [GM072558, GM070855, GM051501, P41-RR005969]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We are grateful to Ray Loy for his help building the CVS version of NAMD on Blue Gene/P Intrepid. The work of W.J. is supported by the Computational Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) The work of B.R. and A.D.M. is supported by the National Institutes of Health through Grants GM072558, GM070855, and GM051501. The work of D.H., J.P., and K.S. is supported by the National Institutes of Health through Grant P41-RR005969. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 37 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.1021/jz101461d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 710GS UT WOS:000286499500007 PM 21572567 ER PT J AU Cang, H Labno, A Lu, CG Yin, XB Liu, M Gladden, C Liu, YM Zhang, X AF Cang, Hu Labno, Anna Lu, Changgui Yin, Xiaobo Liu, Ming Gladden, Christopher Liu, Yongmin Zhang, Xiang TI Probing the electromagnetic field of a 15-nanometre hotspot by single molecule imaging SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SURFACE-PLASMONS; SILVER ELECTRODE; DIFFRACTION-LIMIT; ENERGY-TRANSFER; MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; PYRIDINE; LOCALIZATION; EXCITATION AB When light illuminates a rough metallic surface, hotspots can appear, where the light is concentrated on the nanometre scale, producing an intense electromagnetic field. This phenomenon, called the surface enhancement effect(1,2), has a broad range of potential applications, such as the detection of weak chemical signals. Hotspots are believed to be associated with localized electromagnetic modes(3,4), caused by the randomness of the surface texture. Probing the electromagnetic field of the hotspots would offer much insight towards uncovering the mechanism generating the enhancement; however, it requires a spatial resolution of 1-2 nm, which has been a long-standing challenge in optics. The resolution of an optical microscope is limited to about half the wavelength of the incident light, approximately 200-300 nm. Although current state-of-the-art techniques, including near-field scanning optical microscopy(5), electron energy-loss spectroscopy(6), cathode luminescence imaging(7) and two-photon photoemission imaging(8) have subwavelength resolution, they either introduce a non-negligible amount of perturbation, complicating interpretation of the data, or operate only in a vacuum. As a result, after more than 30 years since the discovery of the surface enhancement effect(9-11), how the local field is distributed remains unknown. Here we present a technique that uses Brownian motion of single molecules to probe the local field. It enables two-dimensional imaging of the fluorescence enhancement profile of single hotspots on the surfaces of aluminium thin films and silver nanoparticle clusters, with accuracy down to 1.2 nm. Strong fluorescence enhancements, up to 54 and 136 times respectively, are observed in those two systems. This strong enhancement indicates that the local field, which decays exponentially from the peak of a hotspot, dominates the fluorescence enhancement profile. C1 [Cang, Hu; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cang, Hu; Labno, Anna; Lu, Changgui; Yin, Xiaobo; Liu, Ming; Gladden, Christopher; Liu, Yongmin; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nano Scale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Labno, Anna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu RI Liu, Yongmin/F-5322-2010; Yin, Xiaobo/A-4142-2011; Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank G. Bartal and A. Niv for discussions. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 30 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 18 U2 152 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 469 IS 7330 BP 385 EP + DI 10.1038/nature09698 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 708SW UT WOS:000286385600049 PM 21248848 ER PT J AU Aamodt, K Quintana, AA Adamova, D Adare, AM Aggarwal, MM Rinella, GA Agocs, AG Salazar, SA Ahammed, Z Ahmad, N Masoodi, AA Ahn, SU Akindinov, A Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Molina, RA Alici, A Alkin, A Avina, EA Alt, T Altini, V Altinpinar, S Altsybeev, I Andrei, C Andronic, A Anguelov, V Anson, C Anticic, T Antinori, F Antonioli, P Aphecetche, L Appelshauser, H Arbor, N Arcelli, S Arend, A Armesto, N Arnaldi, R Aronsson, T Arsene, IC Asryan, A Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Awes, TC Aysto, J Azmi, MD Bach, M Badala, A Baek, YW Bagnasco, S Bailhache, R Bala, R Ferroli, RB Baldisseri, A Baldit, A Ban, J Barbera, R Barile, F Barnafoldi, GG Barnby, LS Barret, V Bartke, J Basile, M Bastid, N Bathen, B Batigne, G Batyunya, B Baumann, C Bearden, IG Beck, H Belikov, I Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belmont-Moreno, E Beole, S Berceanu, I Bercuci, A Berdermann, E Berdnikov, Y Betev, L Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bianchi, L Bianchi, N Bianchin, C Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bilandzic, A Biolcati, E Blanc, A Blanco, F Blanco, F Blau, D Blume, C Boccioli, M Bock, N Bogdanov, A Boggild, H Bogolyubsky, M Boldizsar, L Bombara, M Bombonati, C Book, J Borel, H Bortolin, C Bose, S Bossu, F Botje, M Bottger, S Boyer, B Braun-Munzinger, P Bravina, L Bregant, M Breitner, T Broz, M Brun, R Bruna, E Bruno, GE Budnikov, D Buesching, H Busch, O Buthelezi, Z Caffarri, D Cai, X Caines, H Villar, EC Camerini, P Roman, VC Romeo, GC Carena, F Carena, W Carminati, F Diaz, AC Caselle, M Castellanos, JC Catanescu, V Cavicchioli, C Cerello, P Chang, B Chapeland, S Charvet, JL Chattopadhyay, S Chattopadhyay, S Cherney, M Cheshkov, C Cheynis, B Chiavassa, E Barroso, VC 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CA ALICE Collaboration TI Centrality Dependence of the Charged-Particle Multiplicity Density at Midrapidity in Pb-Pb Collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AA COLLISIONS; PA; PP AB The centrality dependence of the charged-particle multiplicity density at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2: 76 TeV is presented. The charged-particle density normalized per participating nucleon pair increases by about a factor of 2 from peripheral (70%-80%) to central (0%-5%) collisions. The centrality dependence is found to be similar to that observed at lower collision energies. The data are compared with models based on different mechanisms for particle production in nuclear collisions. C1 [Aamodt, K.; Djuvsland, O.; Fehlker, D.; Haaland, O.; Huang, M.; Klovning, A.; Larsen, D. 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[Armesto, N.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Armesto, N.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Awes, T. C.; Silvermyr, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Aysto, J.; Chang, B.; Kalliokoski, T.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Novitzky, N.; Raiha, T. S.; Rak, J.; Rasanen, S. S.; Sarkamo, J.; Trzaska, W. H.] HIP, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Aysto, J.; Chang, B.; Kalliokoski, T.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Novitzky, N.; Raiha, T. S.; Rak, J.; Rasanen, S. S.; Sarkamo, J.; Trzaska, W. H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Badala, A.; Palmeri, A.; Pappalardo, G. S.; Rak, J.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Bala, R.; Beole, S.; Bianchi, L.; Biolcati, E.; Bossu, F.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Ferretti, A.; Gagliardi, M.; Gallio, M.; Giubellino, P.; Innocenti, G. M.; Luparello, G.; Masera, M.; Milano, L.; Ortona, G.; Padilla, F.; Peskov, V.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Siciliano, M.; Vasquez, M. A. Subieta; Vercellin, E.; Zhang, X.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. [Bala, R.; Beole, S.; Bianchi, L.; Biolcati, E.; Bossu, F.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Ferretti, A.; Gagliardi, M.; Gallio, M.; Giubellino, P.; Innocenti, G. M.; Luparello, G.; Masera, M.; Milano, L.; Ortona, G.; Padilla, F.; Peskov, V.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Siciliano, M.; Vasquez, M. A. Subieta; Vercellin, E.; Zhang, X.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Ferroli, R. Baldini; Coccetti, F.; Preghenella, R.] Ctr Studi & Ric, Ctr Fermi, Rome, Italy. [Ferroli, R. Baldini; Coccetti, F.; Preghenella, R.] Museo Stor Fis Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy. [Baldisseri, A.; Borel, H.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Charvet, J. L.; Geuna, C.; Pal, S.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Yang, H.] CEA, IRFU, Saclay, France. [Ahn, S. U.; Baek, Y. W.; Baldit, A.; Barret, V.; Bastid, N.; Blanc, A.; Crochet, P.; Dupieux, P.; Lopez, X.; Manceau, L.; Manso, F.; Rosnet, P.; Saturnini, P.; Vulpescu, B.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,LPC, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Ban, J.; Kalinak, P.; Kralik, I.; Krivda, M.; Sandor, L.; Vala, M.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Catania, Italy. [Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Barnby, L. S.; Evans, D.; Jones, G. T.; Jones, P. G.; Jovanovic, P.; Jusko, A.; Kour, R.; Krivda, M.; Lazzeroni, C.; Lietava, R.; Matthews, Z. L.; Navin, S.; Palaha, A.; Petrov, P.; Platt, R.; Scott, P. A.; Baillie, O. Villalobos] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, AL USA. [Bartke, J.; Gladysz-Dziadus, E.; Kornas, E.; Kowalski, M.; Matyja, A.; Rybicki, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Bathen, B.; Dietel, T.; Emschermann, D.; Heide, M.; Kalisky, M.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Rammler, M.; Santo, R.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Wilde, M.; Wilk, A.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-4400 Munster, Germany. [Batyunya, B.; Fedunov, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Jancurova, L.; Pocheptsov, T.; Reolon, A. R.; Shabratova, G.; Vala, M.; Vodopyanov, A.; Zaporozhets, S.] JINR, Dubna, Russia. [Bearden, I. G.; Boggild, H.; Christensen, C. H.; Dalsgaard, H. H.; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nygaard, C.; Sogaard, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Belikov, I.; Coffin, J. -P.; Hippolyte, B.; Jangal, S.; Kuhn, C.; Maire, A.; Wan, R.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; Dobrin, A.; Jayarathna, S. P.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Loggins, V. R.; Mlynarz, J.; Pavlinov, A.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Prasad, S. K.; Pruneau, C. A.; Voloshin, S.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Berdnikov, Y.; Ivanov, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kryshen, E.; Malaev, M.; Nikulin, V.; Samsonov, V.; Zhalov, M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Mangotra, L.; Potukuchi, B.; Sambyal, S.; Sharma, S.; Singh, R.] Univ Jammu, Dept Phys, Jammu 180004, India. [Bianchi, N.; Casanova Diaz, A.; Balbastre, G. Conesa; Cunqueiro, L.; Moregula, A. De Azevedo; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Hasch, D.; Muccifora, V.; Ronchetti, F.; Timmins, A. R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Bianchin, C.; Bombonati, C.; Bortolin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Sahoo, R.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Viesti, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. [Bianchin, C.; Bombonati, C.; Bortolin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Sahoo, R.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Viesti, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Petracek, V.; Pospisil, V.; Smakal, R.; Tlusty, D.; Wagner, V.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bilandzic, A.; Botje, M.; Krzewicki, M.; Kuijer, P. G.; Perez Lara, C. E.; Snellings, R.; van der Kolk, N.] Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Blanco, F.; Cotallo, M. E.; Gonzalez-Zamora, P.; Montes, E.; Rubio Montero, A. J.; Serradilla, E.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Blanco, F.; Jayarathna, S. P.; Madagodahettige-Don, D. M.; Pinsky, L.; Pocheptsov, T.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. [Bogdanov, A.; Grigoriev, V.; Kaplin, V.; Kondratyeva, N.; Loginov, V.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bogolyubsky, M.; Kharlov, Y.; Polichtchouk, B.; Sadovsky, S.; Soloviev, A.; Stolpovskiy, M.; Zenin, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Bombara, M.; Putis, M.; Urban, J.; Vrlakova, J.] Safarik Univ, Fac Sci, Kosice, Slovakia. [Bose, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Das, D.; Das, I.; Majumdar, A. K. Dutta; Roy, P.; Sinha, T.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Boyer, B.; Espagnon, B.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hrivnacova, I.; de Guevara, P. Ladron; Lafage, V.; Le Bornec, Y.; Lopez Noriega, M.; Rousseau, S.; Suire, C.; Takaki, J. D. Tapia; Palomo, L. Valencia] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Bravina, L.; Dordic, O.; Eyyubova, G.; Kolevatov, R.; Lindal, S.; Lovhoiden, G.; Milosevic, J.; Nilsson, M. S.; Qvigstad, H.; Richter, M.; Skaali, T. B.; Tveter, T. S.; Wikne, J.; Zabrodin, E.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Bregant, M.; Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Rui, R.; Venaruzzo, M.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bregant, M.; Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Rui, R.; Venaruzzo, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Broz, M.; Fekete, V.; Janik, R.; Pikna, M.; Sitar, B.; Strmen, P.; Szarka, I.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Budnikov, D.; Demanov, V.; Filchagin, S.; Ilkaev, R.; Kuryakin, A.; Mamonov, A.; Nazarenko, S.; Nazarov, G.; Punin, V.; Tumkin, A.; Vikhlyantsev, O.; Vinogradov, Y.; Zoccarato, Y.] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia. [Busch, O.; Constantin, P.; Glaessel, P.; Grajcarek, R.; Herrmann, N.; Klein, J.; Koch, K.; Krawutschke, T.; Krumbhorn, D.; Kweon, M. J.; Lohner, D.; Lu, X. -G.; Mercado Perez, J.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Radomski, S.; Reygers, K.; Schicker, R.; Schweda, K.; Stachel, J.; Vallero, S.; Wang, Y.; Wiechula, J.; Windelband, B.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Buthelezi, Z.; Cleymans, J.; Fearick, R.; Foertsch, S.; Steyn, G.; Vilakazi, Z.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, iThemba LABS, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Cai, X.; Ma, K.; Mao, Y.; Wang, D.; Wang, Y.; Yin, Z.; Yuan, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhou, D.; Zhu, X.; Zichichi, A.] Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Villar, E. Calvo; Mercado, Y. Delgado; Gago, A.; Guerra Gutierrez, C.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Ciencias, Secc Fis, Lima, Peru. [Cherney, M.; Nilsen, B. S.; Turvey, A. J.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Ducroux, L.; Grossiord, J. -Y.; Massacrier, L.; Nendaz, F.; Tieulent, R.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Chinellato, D. D.; Cosentino, M. R.; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Chojnacki, M.; Christakoglou, P.; de Rooij, R.; Grelli, A.; Kamermans, R.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Thomas, D.; van Leeuwen, M.; Verweij, M.] Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Chojnacki, M.; Christakoglou, P.; de Rooij, R.; Grelli, A.; Kamermans, R.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Thomas, D.; van Leeuwen, M.; Verweij, M.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Subatom Phys, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Christiansen, P.; Dobrin, A.; Gros, P.; Oskarsson, A.; Otterlund, I.; Stenlund, E.] Lund Univ, Div Expt High Energy Phys, Lund, Sweden. [Chujo, T.; Esumi, S.; Horaguchi, T.; Inaba, M.; Sakata, D.; Sano, M.; Shimomura, M.; Watanabe, K.; Yokoyama, H.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Cicalo, C.; Masoni, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cagliari, Italy. [Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Herrera Corral, G.; Montano Zetina, L.; Ramirez Reyes, A.] CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Herrera Corral, G.; Montano Zetina, L.; Ramirez Reyes, A.] CINVESTAV, Merida, Venezuela. [Maldonado, I. Cortes; Fernandez Tellez, A.; Gonzalez Santos, H.; Martinez, M. I.; Miake, Y.; Munoz, J.; Rodriguez Cahuantzi, M.; Tejeda Munoz, G.; Vargas, A.; Vergara, S.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Cortese, P.; Dellacasa, G.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Avanzate, Alessandria, Italy. [Cortese, P.; Dellacasa, G.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Grp Coll INFN, Alessandria, Italy. [Cuautle, E.; Dominguez, I.; Cervantes, I. Maldonado; Mayani, D.; Velasquez, A. Ortiz; Paic, G.; Piyarathna, D. B.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Dainese, A.; Ricci, R. A.; Vannucci, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. 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R.; Oleniacz, J.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Traczyk, T.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Gomez, R.; Monzon, I. Leon; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico. [Gotovac, S.; Mudnic, E.; Vickovic, L.] Tech Univ Split FESB, Split, Croatia. [Grigoryan, A.; Gulkanyan, H.; Hayrapetyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Gunji, T.; Hamagaki, H.; Hori, Y.; Ozawa, K.; Sano, S.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Hwang, D. S.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, S.; Son, H.] Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. [Jacobs, P. M.; Loizides, C.; Ploskon, M.; Sakai, S.; Symons, T. J. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jena, S.; Meethaleveedu, G. Koyithatta; Nandi, B. K.; Nyatha, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Kalweit, A.; Kraus, I.; Oeschler, H.; Ricaud, H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Darmstadt, Germany. [Kang, J. 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RI Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; de Cuveland, Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk, Naomi/M-9423-2016; Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014; Oh, Sun Kun/D-6993-2011; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/F-9008-2011; Mitu, Ciprian/E-6733-2011; Haiduc, Maria /C-5003-2011; Traczyk, Tomasz/C-1310-2013; Sevcenco, Adrian/C-1832-2012; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca/I-8010-2012; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Masera, Massimo/J-4313-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Barbera, Roberto/G-5805-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Usai, Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov, Igor/A-4063-2008; Zarochentsev, Andrey/J-6253-2013; feofilov, grigory/A-2549-2013; Kondratiev, Valery/J-8574-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Ramello, Luciano/F-9357-2013; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/F-3498-2013; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Coccetti, Fabrizio/H-4004-2011; Cortese, Pietro/G-6754-2012; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; Vacchi, Andrea/C-1291-2010; Gagliardi, Martino/J-4787-2012; SCAPPARONE, EUGENIO/H-1805-2012; Turrisi, Rosario/H-4933-2012; beole', stefania/G-9353-2012; Bregant, Marco/I-7663-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Vickovic, Linda/F-3517-2017; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Vinogradov, Leonid/K-3047-2013; OI Altsybeev, Igor/0000-0002-8079-7026; Vechernin, Vladimir/0000-0003-1458-8055; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; de Cuveland, Jan/0000-0003-0455-1398; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Akindinov, Alexander/0000-0002-7388-3022; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698; Traczyk, Tomasz/0000-0002-6602-4094; Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056; Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca/0000-0002-9611-3696; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Barbera, Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378; Salgado, Carlos A./0000-0003-4586-2758; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Pshenichnov, Igor/0000-0003-1752-4524; Zarochentsev, Andrey/0000-0002-3502-8084; feofilov, grigory/0000-0003-3700-8623; Kondratiev, Valery/0000-0002-0031-0741; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/0000-0002-9481-9548; Paticchio, Vincenzo/0000-0002-2916-1671; Monteno, Marco/0000-0002-3521-6333; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; SANTORO, ROMUALDO/0000-0002-4360-4600; Scarlassara, Fernando/0000-0002-4663-8216; Turrisi, Rosario/0000-0002-5272-337X; Tosello, Flavio/0000-0003-4602-1985; Beole', Stefania/0000-0003-4673-8038; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; Vacchi, Andrea/0000-0003-3855-5856; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/0000-0002-8503-3009; Ferretti, Alessandro/0000-0001-9084-5784; Vickovic, Linda/0000-0002-9820-7960; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Coccetti, Fabrizio/0000-0001-7041-3394; Vinogradov, Leonid/0000-0001-9247-6230; Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Gago Medina, Alberto Martin/0000-0002-0019-9692; Dainese, Andrea/0000-0002-2166-1874 FU Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon; Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; European Research Council under the European Community; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland; French CNRS; IN2P3; Region Pays de Loire; Region Alsace; Region Auvergne; CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; Greek Ministry of Research and Technology; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation; International Science and Technology Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia, Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa; Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United States National Science Foundation; State of Texas; State of Ohio FX The ALICE collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation and the Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics and the Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3, the "Region Pays de Loire'', "Region Alsace'', "Region Auvergne'' and CEA, France; German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association; Greek Ministry of Research and Technology; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico, ALFA-EC and the HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, International Science and Technology Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations and CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain, Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN, Cubaenergia, Cuba, and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); The Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa; Swedish Reseach Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); The United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio. NR 24 TC 134 Z9 136 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 032301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.032301 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713LI UT WOS:000286739100003 PM 21405267 ER PT J AU Fishman, RS AF Fishman, Randy S. TI Phase Diagram of a Geometrically Frustrated Triangular-Lattice Antiferromagnet in a Magnetic Field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRICITY; MULTIFERROICS; CUFEO2 AB The magnetic phase diagram of a geometrically frustrated triangular-lattice antiferromagnet is evaluated as a function of magnetic field and anisotropy using a trial spin state built from harmonics of a fundamental ordering wave vector. A noncollinear incommensurate state, observed to be chiral and ferroelectric in CuFeO(2), appears above a collinear state with 4 sublattices (SLs). The apparent absence of multiferroic behavior for predicted chiral, noncollinear 5-SL states poses a challenge to theories of the ferroelectric coupling in CuFeO(2). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fishman, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX I would like to acknowledge helpful discussions with Dr. Feng Ye and Dr. Tsuyoshi Kimura. Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037206 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713LI UT WOS:000286739100013 PM 21405294 ER PT J AU Patel, AJ Rappl, TJ Balsara, NP AF Patel, Amish J. Rappl, Timothy J. Balsara, Nitash P. TI Similarity of the Signatures of the Initial Stages of Phase Separation in Metastable and Unstable Polymer Blends SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; NUCLEATION; MIXTURES AB Time-resolved small angle neutron scattering was used to probe the initial stages of liquid-liquid phase separation in both critical and off-critical binary polymer blends, and the critical (q(c)) and most probable (q(m)) wave vectors were identified for several quench depths. For the critical blend, the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook theory provides a framework for analyzing the data and explains the observed decrease in q(m) with time. For the off-critical blend, q(m) is independent of quench time, regardless of whether the quench is metastable or unstable. C1 [Patel, Amish J.; Rappl, Timothy J.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Patel, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu RI Madruga, Santiago/D-2984-2012 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [BET 0966632, DMR-0966662, DMR-0454672]; Tyco Electronics FX We acknowledge the National Science Foundation (NSF, Grants No. CBET 0966632 and No. DMR-0966662) and Tyco Electronics for financial support, the National Institute of Standards and Technology and U.S. Department of Commerce, for providing the neutron research facilities used in this work (NSF, Grant No. DMR-0454672), and Boualem Hammouda for his guidance. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 035702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.035702 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713LI UT WOS:000286739100007 PM 21405281 ER PT J AU Shekhter, A Bulaevskii, LN Batista, CD AF Shekhter, A. Bulaevskii, L. N. Batista, C. D. TI Vortex Viscosity in Magnetic Superconductors Due to Radiation of Spin Waves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYERS; MOTION; STATE; FILM AB In type-II superconductors that contain a lattice of magnetic moments, vortices polarize the magnetic system inducing additional contributions to the vortex mass, vortex viscosity, and vortex-vortex interaction. Extra magnetic viscosity is caused by radiation of spin waves by a moving vortex. Like in the case of Cherenkov radiation, this effect has a characteristic threshold behavior and the resulting vortex viscosity may be comparable to the well-known Bardeen-Stephen contribution. The threshold behavior leads to an anomaly in the current-voltage characteristics, and a drop in dissipation for a current interval that is determined by the magnetic excitation spectrum. C1 [Shekhter, A.] Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Bulaevskii, L. N.; Batista, C. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shekhter, A (reprint author), Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RI Shekhter, Arkady/H-4941-2015; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 OI Shekhter, Arkady/0000-0003-1550-3690; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX We thank Leonardo Civale and Boris Maiorov for discussion of experimental details. Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713LI UT WOS:000286739100011 PM 21405287 ER PT J AU Titze, J Schoffler, MS Kim, HK Trinter, F Waitz, M Voigtsberger, J Neumann, N Ulrich, B Kreidi, K Wallauer, R Odenweller, M Havermeier, T Schossler, S Meckel, M Foucar, L Jahnke, T Czasch, A Schmidt, LPH Jagutzki, O Grisenti, RE Schmidt-Bocking, H Ludde, HJ Dorner, R AF Titze, J. Schoeffler, M. S. Kim, H. -K. Trinter, F. Waitz, M. Voigtsberger, J. Neumann, N. Ulrich, B. Kreidi, K. Wallauer, R. Odenweller, M. Havermeier, T. Schoessler, S. Meckel, M. Foucar, L. Jahnke, T. Czasch, A. Schmidt, L. Ph. H. Jagutzki, O. Grisenti, R. E. Schmidt-Boecking, H. Luedde, H. J. Doerner, R. TI Ionization Dynamics of Helium Dimers in Fast Collisions with He++ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BINDING-ENERGY; MOMENTUM SPECTROSCOPY; RECOIL-ION; ELECTRONS; STATE; RETARDATION; CLUSTERS; ATOMS; DECAY; WATER AB By employing the cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy technique, we have investigated the (He+, He+) breakup of a helium dimer (He-2) caused by transfer ionization and double capture in collisions with alpha particles (E = 150 keV/u). Surprisingly, the results show a two-step process as well as a one-step process followed by electron exchange. In addition, interatomic Coulombic decay [L. S. Cederbaum, J. Zobeley, and F. Tarantelli, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 4778 (1997).] is observed in an ion collision for the first time. C1 [Titze, J.; Kim, H. -K.; Trinter, F.; Waitz, M.; Voigtsberger, J.; Neumann, N.; Ulrich, B.; Wallauer, R.; Odenweller, M.; Havermeier, T.; Schoessler, S.; Meckel, M.; Jahnke, T.; Czasch, A.; Schmidt, L. Ph. H.; Jagutzki, O.; Grisenti, R. E.; Schmidt-Boecking, H.; Doerner, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Schoeffler, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kreidi, K.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Foucar, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Luedde, H. J.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Titze, J (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, Max von Laue Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM doerner@atom.unifrankfurt.de RI Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008 OI Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) FX We thank Nikolai Kryzhevoi for providing the data for Fig. 2(e). This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 033201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.033201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713LI UT WOS:000286739100004 PM 21405271 ER PT J AU Kirchherr, JL Hamilton, J Lu, XZ Gnanakaran, S Muldoon, M Daniels, M Kasongo, W Chalwe, V Mulenga, C Mwananyanda, L Musonda, RM Yuan, X Montefiori, DC Korber, BT Haynes, BF Gao, F AF Kirchherr, Jennifer L. Hamilton, Jennifer Lu, Xiaozhi Gnanakaran, S. Muldoon, Mark Daniels, Marcus Kasongo, Webster Chalwe, Victor Mulenga, Chanda Mwananyanda, Lawrence Musonda, Rosemary M. Yuan, Xing Montefiori, David C. Korber, Bette T. Haynes, Barton F. Gao, Feng TI Identification of amino acid substitutions associated with neutralization phenotype in the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 subtype C gp120 SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; Envelope; Genetic variation; Neutralization; Signature ID HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CROSS-CLADE NEUTRALIZATION; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; ENV CLONES; POINT MUTATIONS; HIV-1; VACCINE; GP41; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION AB Neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) are thought to play an important role in prevention and control of HIV-1 infection and should be targeted by an AIDS vaccine. It is critical to understand how HIV-1 induces Nabs by analyzing viral sequences in both tested viruses and sera. Neutralization susceptibility to antibodies in autologous and heterologous plasma was determined for multiple Envs (3-6) from each of 15 subtype-C-infected individuals. Heterologous neutralization was divided into two distinct groups: plasma with strong, cross-reactive neutralization (n=9) and plasma with weak neutralization (n=6). Plasma with cross-reactive heterologous Nabs also more potently neutralized contemporaneous autologous viruses. Analysis of Env sequences in plasma from both groups revealed a three-amino-acid substitution pattern in the V4 region that was associated with greater neutralization potency and breadth. Identification of such potential neutralization signatures may have important implications for the development of HIV-1 vaccines capable of inducing Nabs to subtype C HIV-1. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kirchherr, Jennifer L.; Hamilton, Jennifer; Lu, Xiaozhi; Haynes, Barton F.; Gao, Feng] Duke Univ, Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Kirchherr, Jennifer L.; Hamilton, Jennifer; Lu, Xiaozhi; Haynes, Barton F.; Gao, Feng] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Yuan, Xing; Montefiori, David C.] Duke Univ, Dept Surg, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Gnanakaran, S.; Daniels, Marcus; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Muldoon, Mark] Univ Manchester, Sch Math, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Kasongo, Webster; Chalwe, Victor; Mulenga, Chanda; Mwananyanda, Lawrence; Musonda, Rosemary M.] Trop Dis Res Ctr, Ndola, Zambia. [Korber, Bette T.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Duke Univ, Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Med Ctr, 3072B MSRB 2,DUMC 103020,106 Res Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM fgao@duke.edu RI Muldoon, Mark/C-7505-2009; OI Mwananyanda, Lawrence/0000-0002-3034-749X; Gnanakaran, S/0000-0002-9368-3044; Muldoon, Mark/0000-0002-5004-7195; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R03 AI054155, HIVRAD PO 1 AI35351, AI067854, AI64518]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [CIPRA (R03 AI054155) to RMM, HIVRAD PO 1 AI35351, Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (AI067854), Duke Center for AIDS Research (AI64518) Molecular Virology Core], the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and a Los Alamos National Laboratory directed research grant. NR 63 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN 20 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 2 BP 163 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.09.031 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 708MV UT WOS:000286366800004 PM 21036380 ER PT J AU Lancaster, T Blundell, SJ Pratt, FL Schlueter, JA AF Lancaster, T. Blundell, S. J. Pratt, F. L. Schlueter, J. A. TI Superconductivity and fluctuating magnetism in quasi-two-dimensional kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br probed with implanted muons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR; PENETRATION DEPTH; SPIN-RELAXATION; MU-SR; MOTT TRANSITION; VORTEX PHASES; BEHAVIOR; METALS; STATE AB A muon-spin relaxation (mu+SR) investigation is presented for the molecular superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br. Evidence is found for low-temperature phase separation throughout the bulk of the material, with only a fraction of the sample showing a superconducting signal, even for slow cooling. Rapid cooling reduces the superconducting fraction still further. For the superconducting phase, the in-plane penetration depth is measured to be lambda(parallel to) = 0.47(1) mu m, and evidence is seen for a vortex decoupling transition in applied fields above 40 mT. The magnetic fluctuations in the normal state produce a precipitous drop in relaxation rate above 100 K, and we discuss the possible causes for the unusual relaxation that we observe for T > T-c. C1 [Lancaster, T.; Blundell, S. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Pratt, F. L.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Schlueter, J. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lancaster, T (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM t.lancaster1@physics.ox.ac.uk FU EPSRC (United Kingdom); U. Chicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory; Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We are grateful to Alex Amato, Andrew Steele, and Peter Baker for experimental assistance and to EPSRC (United Kingdom) for financial support. Part of this work was performed at S mu S and part at the STFC ISIS facility, and we are grateful to PSI and STFC for the provision of beamtime. Work was supported by U. Chicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory. Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 024504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.024504 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713OU UT WOS:000286748100005 ER PT J AU Lyubina, J Kuz'min, MD Nenkov, K Gutfleisch, O Richter, M Schlagel, DL Lograsso, TA Gschneidner, KA AF Lyubina, Julia Kuz'min, Michael D. Nenkov, Konstantin Gutfleisch, Oliver Richter, Manuel Schlagel, Devo L. Lograsso, Thomas A. Gschneidner, Karl A., Jr. TI Magnetic field dependence of the maximum magnetic entropy change SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2ND-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITION AB The maximum isothermal entropy change in a magnetic refrigerant with a second-order phase transition is shown to depend on applied magnetic field H as follows: (-Delta S)(max) = A(H + H-0)(2/3)-AH(0)(2/3) + BH4/3. Here A and B are intrinsic parameters of the cooling material and H-0 is an extrinsic parameter determined by the purity and homogeneity of the sample. This theoretical prediction is confirmed by measurements on variously pure poly- and single-crystalline samples of Gd. The Curie point of pure Gd is found to be 295(1) K; however, the maximum of -Delta S-M is attained at a lower temperature: The higher the quality of the sample, the closer the peak position to 295 K. Further tests are reported for a series of melt-spun LaFe13-xSix alloys. These are found to follow the same field dependence, despite the fact that for certain compositions (x < 1.8) they experience a phase transition of first, rather than second, order. C1 [Lyubina, Julia; Kuz'min, Michael D.; Nenkov, Konstantin; Gutfleisch, Oliver; Richter, Manuel] IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. [Lyubina, Julia] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Schlagel, Devo L.; Lograsso, Thomas A.; Gschneidner, Karl A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gschneidner, Karl A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lyubina, J (reprint author), IFW Dresden, POB 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. EM y.lyubina@imperial.ac.uk RI Gutfleisch, Oliver/C-7241-2011; Richter, Manuel/F-2485-2016 OI Gutfleisch, Oliver/0000-0001-8021-3839; Richter, Manuel/0000-0002-9999-8290 FU European Community FX J.L. acknowledges financial support by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme. NR 18 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 012403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.012403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713LZ UT WOS:000286740800001 ER PT J AU Wei, FY Lv, B Chen, F Xue, YY Chu, CW AF Wei, F. Y. Lv, B. Chen, F. Xue, Y. Y. Chu, C. W. TI Carrier contribution to the specific heat coefficient of Sr1-xKxFe2As2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The carrier contribution to the specific heat coefficient, C-e/T, of Sr1-xKxFe2As2 with 0 <= x <= 1 has been determined. The C-e/T at the optimal doping level appears to be T-independent above the superconducting transition temperature T-c. Systematic reductions and increases with cooling below 100 K, on the other hand, characterize the underdoped and overdoped samples, respectively. As the result, the low-T limit of the normal-state C-e/T increases almost linearly with x by a factor of 3 over 0 <= x <= 1. However, the C-e/T suppression across the magnetostructure transition of the underdoped samples is actually negligibly small. In particular, the extracted gamma(H)-gamma(L) at x = 0, which should include all suppression effects, is comparable to or even smaller than that of x = 0.15, where gamma(H) and gamma(L) are the high- and low-T limits of the normal-state C-e/T. Therefore, it appears that, while the magnetostructure transition still plays a role, it may not be the main factor behind the C-e/T evolution. C1 [Wei, F. Y.; Lv, B.; Chen, F.; Xue, Y. Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Wei, F. Y.; Lv, B.; Chen, F.; Xue, Y. Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wei, FY (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Lv, Bing/E-3485-2010 FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research; T. L. L. Temple Foundation; John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment; State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX The work in Houston is supported in part by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the T. L. L. Temple Foundation, the John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment, and the State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston; and the work at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 024503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.024503 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713OU UT WOS:000286748100004 ER PT J AU Yang, F Kemik, N Scholl, A Doran, A Young, AT Biegalski, MD Christen, HM Takamura, Y AF Yang, Fan Kemik, Nihan Scholl, Andreas Doran, Andrew Young, Anthony T. Biegalski, Michael D. Christen, Hans M. Takamura, Yayoi TI Correlated domain structure in perovskite oxide superlattices exhibiting spin-flop coupling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; INTERFACES; MOMENTS AB We synthesized epitaxial perovskite oxide superlattices consisting of alternating ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic sublayerswith a six-unit-cell sublayer thickness. This sublayer thickness corresponds to the maximum in interfacial spin-flop coupling for this system. Soft x-ray photoemission electron microscopy was used to observe the temperature dependence of the correlation between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic domain structure in each sublayer. We confirm the local perpendicular alignment between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnet moments and find that the strength of the spin-flop coupling dominates over the pinning effect of the structural domains that typically define the location of the antiferromagnetic domains. C1 [Yang, Fan; Kemik, Nihan; Takamura, Yayoi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Scholl, Andreas; Doran, Andrew; Young, Anthony T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Biegalski, Michael D.; Christen, Hans M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yang, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ytakamura@ucdavis.edu RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Doran, Andrew/0000-0001-5158-4569 FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; UC Davis; National Science Foundation [DMR 0747896] FX The authors thank A. Mehta and M. Bibee (SSRL) for assistance with acquiring the XRD data. Research at the ALS, CNMS, and SSRL is supported by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. Research at UC Davis is supported by UC Davis startup funds and the National Science Foundation Contract No. DMR 0747896. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.014417 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713LZ UT WOS:000286740800002 ER PT J AU Detrixhe, M Besson, D Gorham, PW Allison, P Baughmann, B Beatty, JJ Belov, K Bevan, S Binns, WR Chen, C Chen, P Clem, JM Connolly, A De Marco, D Dowkontt, PF DuVernois, MA Frankenfeld, C Grashorn, EW Hogan, DP Griffith, N Hill, B Hoover, S Israel, MH Javaid, A Liewer, KM Matsuno, S Mercurio, BC Miki, C Mottram, M Nam, J Nichol, RJ Palladino, K Romero-Wolf, A Ruckman, L Saltzberg, D Seckel, D Varner, GS Vieregg, AG Wang, Y AF Detrixhe, M. Besson, D. Gorham, P. W. Allison, P. Baughmann, B. Beatty, J. J. Belov, K. Bevan, S. Binns, W. R. Chen, C. Chen, P. Clem, J. M. Connolly, A. De Marco, D. Dowkontt, P. F. DuVernois, M. A. Frankenfeld, C. Grashorn, E. W. Hogan, D. P. Griffith, N. Hill, B. Hoover, S. Israel, M. H. Javaid, A. Liewer, K. M. Matsuno, S. Mercurio, B. C. Miki, C. Mottram, M. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Palladino, K. Romero-Wolf, A. Ruckman, L. Saltzberg, D. Seckel, D. Varner, G. S. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, Y. CA ANITA Collaboration TI Ultrarelativistic magnetic monopole search with the ANITA-II balloon-borne radio interferometer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR; FLUX AB We have conducted a search for extended energy deposition trails left by ultrarelativistic magnetic monopoles interacting in Antarctic ice. The nonobservation of any satisfactory candidates in the 31 days of accumulated ANITA-II (Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna) flight data results in an upper limit on the diffuse flux of relativistic monopoles. We obtain a 90% C.L. limit of order 10(-19) (cm(2) s sr)(-1) for values of Lorentz factor, gamma, 10(10) <= at the anticipated energy E(tot) = 10(16) GeV. This bound is stronger than all previously published experimental limits for this kinematic range. C1 [Detrixhe, M.; Besson, D.; Frankenfeld, C.; Hogan, D. P.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gorham, P. W.; Allison, P.; DuVernois, M. A.; Hill, B.; Matsuno, S.; Miki, C.; Romero-Wolf, A.; Ruckman, L.; Varner, G. S.; Wang, Y.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Manoa, HI 96822 USA. [Wang, Y.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Baughmann, B.; Beatty, J. J.; Grashorn, E. W.; Griffith, N.; Mercurio, B. C.; Palladino, K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Binns, W. R.; Dowkontt, P. F.; Israel, M. H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Chen, C.; Chen, P.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Clem, J. M.; De Marco, D.; Javaid, A.; Seckel, D.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bevan, S.; Connolly, A.; Mottram, M.; Nichol, R. J.] UCL, Dept Phys, London, England. [Belov, K.; Hoover, S.; Saltzberg, D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Liewer, K. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Nam, J.] Ewha Womans Univ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Detrixhe, M (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RI Nichol, Ryan/C-1645-2008; Vieregg, Abigail/D-2287-2012; Belov, Konstantin/D-2520-2013; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011 OI Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 023513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.023513 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 714IO UT WOS:000286803300006 ER PT J AU Levchenko, A Ristivojevic, Z Micklitz, T AF Levchenko, Alex Ristivojevic, Zoran Micklitz, Tobias TI Interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower in quantum wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LUTTINGER LIQUIDS AB We study transport properties of weakly interacting spinless electrons in one-dimensional single-channel quantum wires. The effects of interaction manifest as three-particle collisions due to the severe constraints imposed by the conservation laws on the two-body processes. We focus on short wires where the effects of equilibration on the distribution function can be neglected and the collision integral can be treated in perturbation theory. We find that interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower rely on the scattering processes that change the number of right-and left-moving electrons. The latter requires transition at the bottom of the band which is exponentially suppressed at low temperatures. Our theory is based on the scattering approach that is beyond the Luttinger-liquid limit. We emphasize the crucial role of the exchange terms in the three-particle scattering amplitude that was not discussed in previous studies. C1 [Levchenko, Alex; Ristivojevic, Zoran] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ristivojevic, Zoran] Ecole Normale Super, CNRS, Lab Phys Theor, F-75005 Paris, France. [Micklitz, Tobias] Free Univ Berlin, Dahlem Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Micklitz, Tobias] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Theoret Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RP Levchenko, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU US DOE, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We are sincerely grateful to K. A. Matveev for numerous discussions that motivated this project. We would like to acknowledge also useful discussions with L. Glazman and A. Kamenev. This work at ANL was supported by the US DOE, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 4 AR 041303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.041303 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713XH UT WOS:000286770200003 ER PT J AU Chen, HL Wu, LJ Zhang, LH Zhu, YM Grey, CP AF Chen, Hailong Wu, Lijun Zhang, Lihua Zhu, Yimei Grey, Clare P. TI LiCoO2 Concaved Cuboctahedrons from Symmetry-Controlled Topological Reactions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTALS; LIXCOO2; GROWTH; TRANSITION; STABILITY; CRYSTALS; EXCHANGE AB Morphology control of functional materials is generally performed by controlling the growth rates on selected orientations or faces. Here, we control particle morphology by "crystal templating": by choosing appropriate precursor crystals and reaction conditions, we demonstrate that a material with rhombohedral symmetry-namely the layered, positive electrode material, LiCoO2-can grow to form a quadruple-twinned crystal with overall cubic symmetry. The twinned crystals show an unusual, concaved-cuboctahedron morphology, with uniform particle sizes of 0.5-2 mu m. On the basis of a range of synthetic and analytical experiments, including solid-state NMR, X-ray powder diffraction analysis and HRTEM, we propose that these twinned crystals form via selective dissolution and an ion-exchange reaction accompanied by oxidation of a parent crystal of CoO, a material with cubic symmetry. This template crystal serves to nucleate the growth of four LiCoO2 twin crystals and to convert a highly anisotropic, layered material into a pseudo-3-dimensional, isotropic material. C1 [Chen, Hailong; Grey, Clare P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Wu, Lijun; Zhang, Lihua; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Grey, Clare P.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. RP Grey, CP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM cpg27@cam.ac.uk RI Chen, Hailong/B-3998-2011; Chen, Hailong/F-7954-2011; Zhang, Lihua/F-4502-2014 OI Chen, Hailong/0000-0001-8283-2860; FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCAR; U.S. DOE [DE-AC03-76SF00098, 6517749, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX We thank James Quinn, George Hart, and Dong Su for help with the electron microscopy data collection and mathematical modeling, Peter Stephens for synchrotron XRD, and Yuanzhi Tang for DCP analysis. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 via Subcontract No. 6517749 with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Research carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 133 IS 2 BP 262 EP 270 DI 10.1021/ja104852q PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 710VK UT WOS:000286544900020 PM 21142186 ER PT J AU Fritsch, S Ivanov, I Wang, HL Cheng, XL AF Fritsch, Sebastian Ivanov, Ivaylo Wang, Hailong Cheng, Xiaolin TI Ion Selectivity Mechanism in a Bacterial Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; CYS-LOOP RECEPTOR; X-RAY-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; GATING MECHANISM; PORE; CONDUCTANCE; FAMILY; ELECTROSTATICS AB The proton-gated ion channel from Gloeobacter violaceus (GLIC) is a prokaryotic homolog of the eukaryotic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that responds to the binding of neurotransmitter acetylcholine and mediates fast signal transmission. Recent emergence of a high-resolution crystal structure of GLIC captured in a potentially open state allowed detailed, atomic-level insight into ion conduction and selectivity mechanisms in these channels. Herein, we have examined the barriers to ion conduction and origins of ion selectivity in the GLIC channel by the construction of potential-of-mean-force profiles for sodium and chloride ions inside the transmembrane region. Our calculations reveal that the GLIC channel is open for a sodium ion to transport, but presents a similar to 11 kcal/mol free energy barrier for a chloride ion. Our collective findings identify three distinct contributions to the observed preference for the permeant ions. First, there is a substantial contribution due to a ring of negatively charged glutamate residues (E-2') at the narrow intracellular end of the channel. The negative electrostatics of this region and the ability of the glutamate side chains to directly bind cations would strongly favor the passage of sodium ions while hindering translocation of chloride ions. Second, our results imply a significant hydrophobic contribution to selectivity linked to differences in the desolvation penalty for the sodium versus chloride ions in the central hydrophobic region of the pore. This hydrophobic contribution is evidenced by the large free energy barriers experienced by Cl- in the middle of the pore for both GLIC and the E-2'A mutant. Finally, there is a distinct contribution arising from the overall negative electrostatics of the channel. C1 [Fritsch, Sebastian; Cheng, Xiaolin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fritsch, Sebastian] Heidelberg Univ, Interdisciplinary Ctr Sci Comp, Heidelberg, Germany. [Ivanov, Ivaylo] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Wang, Hailong] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Receptor Biol Lab, Dept Physiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Wang, Hailong] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Receptor Biol Lab, Dept Biomed Engn & Neurol, Rochester, MN USA. [Cheng, Xiaolin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Cheng, XL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chengx@ornl.gov RI Ivanov, Ivaylo/A-7613-2013 OI Ivanov, Ivaylo/0000-0002-5306-1005 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [FWP ERKJE84]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy; Georgia State University FX This research is funded by the Genomic Science Research Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and the Scientific Discovery Through Advanced Computing program, U.S. Department of Energy, currently under grant No. FWP ERKJE84. This research used the resources of the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by a DOE INCITE award from the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. I.I. is supported by Georgia State University Research Fund. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 100 IS 2 BP 390 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.11.077 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 710UX UT WOS:000286543600016 PM 21244835 ER PT J AU Zhang, GP Fang, XW Yao, YX Wang, CZ Ding, ZJ Ho, KM AF Zhang, G. P. Fang, X. W. Yao, Y. X. Wang, C. Z. Ding, Z. J. Ho, K. M. TI Electronic structure and transport of a carbon chain between graphene nanoribbon leads SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL BASIS-SETS; PHASE; GAS AB The electronic structure and transport property of a carbon chain between two graphene nanoribbon leads are studied using an ab initio tight-binding (TB) model and Landauer's formalism combined with a non-equilibrium Green's function. The TB Hamiltonian and overlap matrices are extracted from first-principles density functional calculations through the quasi-atomic minimal basis orbital scheme. The accuracy of the TB model is demonstrated by comparing the electronic structure from the TB model with that from first-principles density functional theory. The results of electronic transport on a carbon atomic chain connected to armchair and zigzag graphene ribbon leads, such as different transport characters near the Fermi level and at most one quantized conductance, reveal the effect of the electronic structure of the leads and the scattering from the atomic chain. In addition, bond length alternation and an interesting transmission resonance are observed in the atomic chain connected to zigzag graphene ribbon leads. Our approach provides a promising route to quantitative investigation of both the electronic structure and transport property of large systems. C1 [Zhang, G. P.; Fang, X. W.; Yao, Y. X.; Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, G. P.; Fang, X. W.; Yao, Y. X.; Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, G. P.] Renmin Univ China, Dept Phys, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China. [Fang, X. W.; Ding, Z. J.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. [Fang, X. W.; Ding, Z. J.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, GP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM wangcz@ameslab.gov RI Zhang, Guiping/F-4390-2011; Yao, Yongxin/B-7320-2008; 石, 源/D-5929-2012; ruc, phy/E-4170-2012 OI Zhang, Guiping/0000-0001-8697-5711; FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; National Energy Research Supercomputing Center (NERSC) in Berkeley [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; China Scholarship Council [2008634035]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [10874160, 11074232]; '111' project FX Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, including a grant of computer time at the National Energy Research Supercomputing Center (NERSC) in Berkeley, under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. X W Fang acknowledges support from the China Scholarship Council for the Postgraduate Scholarship Program (file no. 2008634035) and Z J Ding acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants nos 10874160 and 11074232) and '111' project. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 2 AR 025302 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/23/2/025302 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 703TP UT WOS:000286004500001 PM 21406839 ER PT J AU Moyer, JA Vaz, CAF Negusse, E Arena, DA Henrich, VE AF Moyer, J. A. Vaz, C. A. F. Negusse, E. Arena, D. A. Henrich, V. E. TI Controlling the electronic structure of Co1-xFe2+xO4 thin films through iron doping SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; COBALT FERRITE; VERWEY TRANSITION; SUBSTITUTED MAGNETITE; FE3O4; ORIGIN; DICHROISM AB The electronic, magnetic and transport properties of iron-doped cobalt ferrite (Co1-xFe2+xO4) thin films grown epitaxially on MgO (001) substrates are investigated by soft x-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, and resistivity measurements. The crystal structure for Co1-xFe2+xO4 is determined to be nearly inverse spinel, with the degree of inversion increasing for increased doping until it becomes fully inverse spinel for Fe3O4. The doped iron cations have a valency of 2+ and reside solely on octahedral sites, which allows for conduction owing to hopping between Fe2+ and Fe3+ octahedral cations. The addition of Fe2+ cations increases the electron density of states near the Fermi energy, shifting the Fermi level from 0.75 to 0 eV with respect to the top of the valence band, as the doping increases from x = 0.01 to 1. This change in electronic structure results in a change in resistivity by over two orders of magnitude. In contrast, the magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 thin films, characterized by a significantly reduced saturation magnetization compared to the bulk and large magnetic anisotropies, are affected less significantly by doping in the range from 0 to 0.63. These results show that Co1-xFe2+xO4 has tunable electronic properties while maintaining magnetic properties similar to CoFe2O4. C1 [Moyer, J. A.; Vaz, C. A. F.; Henrich, V. E.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Moyer, J. A.; Vaz, C. A. F.; Henrich, V. E.] Yale Univ, Ctr Res Interface Struct & Phenomena, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Negusse, E.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Arena, D. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Moyer, JA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RI Vaz, Carlos/A-7240-2012; Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 OI Vaz, Carlos/0000-0002-6209-8918; FU NSF [MRSEC DMR 0520495]; Army Research Office [W911NF-08-1-0325]; DOE [DE-08NT0004115]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors acknowledge Jason Hoffman for his help with the transport measurements and financial support by the NSF through Grant No. MRSEC DMR 0520495 (CRISP). One of us (E.N.) acknowledges the support of the Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-08-1-0325 and DOE under Grant No. DE-08NT0004115. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 66 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035121 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035121 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713WP UT WOS:000286768400007 ER PT J AU Stewart, JR Ehlers, G Mutka, H Fouquet, P Payen, C Lortz, R AF Stewart, J. R. Ehlers, G. Mutka, H. Fouquet, P. Payen, C. Lortz, R. TI Spin dynamics, short-range order, and spin freezing in Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON POLARIZATION ANALYSIS; KAGOME ANTIFERROMAGNET; MAGNETIC FRUSTRATION; LATTICE; TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING; GLASS; YBACO4O7+DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; SRCR8GA4O19 AB Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7 was recently introduced as a possible candidate for capturing some of the predicted classical spin kagome ground-state features. Stimulated by this conjecture, we have taken up a more complete study of the spin correlations in this compound with neutron scattering methods on a powder sample characterized with high-resolution neutron diffraction and the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat. We have found that the frustrated near-neighbor magnetic correlations involve not only the kagome planes but concern the full Co sublattice, as evidenced by the analysis of the wave-vector dependence of the short-range order. We conclude from our results that themagnetic moments are located on the Co sublattice as a whole and that correlations extend beyond the two-dimensional kagome planes. We identify intriguing dynamical properties, observing high-frequency fluctuations with a Lorentzian linewidth Gamma <= 20 meV at ambient temperature. On cooling a low-frequency (similar to 1 meV) dynamical component develops alongside the high-frequency fluctuations, which eventually becomes static at temperatures below T approximate to 50 K. The high-frequency response with an overall linewidth of similar to 10 meV prevails at T <= 2 K, coincident with a fully elastic short-range-ordered contribution. C1 [Stewart, J. R.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Ehlers, G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mutka, H.; Fouquet, P.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [Payen, C.] Univ Nantes, Inst Mat Jean Rouxel IMN, CNRS, F-44322 Nantes 3, France. [Lortz, R.] Univ Geneva, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Lortz, R.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Stewart, JR (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. EM ross.stewart@stfc.ac.uk RI Stewart, Ross/C-4194-2008; Fouquet, Peter/B-5212-2008; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; OI Stewart, Ross/0000-0003-0053-0178; Fouquet, Peter/0000-0002-5542-0059; Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Lortz, Rolf/0000-0002-4075-9375 FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with B. Canals, J. Robert, W. Schweika, and, in particular, L. Chapon. The authors are grateful for the local support staff at the ILL. J. R. S. thanks K. Knight for help with the neutron diffraction measurements. C. P. thanks C. Reibel (Institut Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier, France) and J. Le Bideau for help with the specific-heat measurements. Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 58 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 024405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.024405 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713OU UT WOS:000286748100003 ER PT J AU Calabrese, E de Putter, R Huterer, D Linder, EV Melchiorri, A AF Calabrese, Erminia de Putter, Roland Huterer, Dragan Linder, Eric V. Melchiorri, Alessandro TI Future CMB constraints on early, cold, or stressed dark energy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; POWER SPECTRUM; COMPILATION; SUPERNOVAE; UNIVERSE; MODELS; MATTER AB We investigate future constraints on early dark energy (EDE) achievable by the Planck and CMBPol experiments, including cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing. For the dark energy, we include the possibility of clustering through a sound speed c(s)(2) < 1 (cold dark energy) and anisotropic stresses parametrized with a viscosity parameter c(vis)(2). We discuss the degeneracies between cosmological parameters and EDE parameters. In particular we show that the presence of anisotropic stresses in EDE models can substantially undermine the determination of the EDE sound speed parameter c(s)(2). The constraints on EDE primordial energy density are however unaffected. We also calculate the future CMB constraints on neutrino masses and find that they are weakened by a factor of 2 when allowing for the presence of EDE, and highly biased if it is incorrectly ignored. C1 [Calabrese, Erminia; Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Calabrese, Erminia; Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [de Putter, Roland] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [de Putter, Roland] Inst Ciencies Cosmos, Barcelona, Spain. [de Putter, Roland; Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huterer, Dragan] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul, South Korea. RP Calabrese, E (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, Ple Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy. OI Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003 FU DOE [DE-FG02-95ER40899]; NSF [AST-0807564]; NASA [NNX09AC89G]; World Class University through National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea [R32-2009-000-10130-0]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX D.H. is supported by the DOE OJI grant under Contract No. DE-FG02-95ER40899, the NSF under Contract No. AST-0807564, and NASA under Contract No. NNX09AC89G. E. L. has been supported in part by the World Class University Grant No. R32-2009-000-10130-0 through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea. R.d.P. and E. L. have been supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. D. H. and E. L. would like to thank the Centro de Ciencias de Benasque "Pedro Pascual'' for hospitality. NR 48 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 023011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.023011 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 714IO UT WOS:000286803300002 ER PT J AU Creutz, M AF Creutz, Michael TI Quark mass dependence of two-flavor QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; CONSERVATION; FERMIONS AB I explore the rich phase diagram of two-flavor QCD as a function of the quark masses. The theory involves three parameters, including one that is CP violating. As the masses vary, regions of both first-and second-order transitions are expected. For nondegenerate quarks, nonperturbative effects cease to be universal, leaving individual quark mass ratios with a renormalization scheme dependence. This raises complications in matching lattice results with perturbative schemes and demonstrates the tautology of attacking the strong CP problem via a vanishing up-quark mass. C1 [Creutz, Michael] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Creutz, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX I am grateful to the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for supporting visits to the University of Mainz where part of this study was carried out. This manuscript has been authored under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 016005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.016005 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713UZ UT WOS:000286764200005 ER PT J AU Bzdak, A Koch, V Liao, JF AF Bzdak, Adam Koch, Volker Liao, Jinfeng TI Azimuthal correlations from transverse momentum conservation and possible local parity violation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; QCD; INSTANTONS; TEMPERATURE AB We analytically calculate the contribution of transverse momentum conservation to the azimuthal correlations that have been proposed as signals for possible local strong parity violation and recently have been measured in heavy ion collisions. These corrections are on the order of the inverse of the total final-state particle multiplicity and, thus, are on the same order as the observed signal. The corrections contribute with the same sign to both like-sign and opposite-sign pair correlations. Their dependence on the momentum is in qualitative agreement with the measurements by the solenoidal tracker at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider Collaboration, while the pseudorapidity dependence differs from the data. C1 [Bzdak, Adam; Koch, Volker; Liao, Jinfeng] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bzdak, Adam] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. RP Bzdak, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ABzdak@lbl.gov; VKoch@lbl.gov; JLiao@lbl.gov FU Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N202 125437]; Foundation for Polish Science FX This work was supported, in part, by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Grant No. N202 125437. A. B. also acknowledges support from the Foundation for Polish Science (KOLUMB program). NR 52 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014905 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 713QS UT WOS:000286753100002 ER PT J AU DeLongchamp, DM Kline, RJ Fischer, DA Richter, LJ Toney, MF AF DeLongchamp, Dean M. Kline, R. Joseph Fischer, Daniel A. Richter, Lee J. Toney, Michael F. TI Molecular Characterization of Organic Electronic Films SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT MONOLAYERS; NORMAL-ALKYL CHAINS; H STRETCHING MODES; THIN-FILMS; REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); OPTICAL-CONSTANTS AB Organic electronics have emerged as a viable competitor to amorphous silicon for the active layer in low-cost electronics. The critical performance of organic electronic materials is closely related to their morphology and molecular packing. Unlike their inorganic counterparts, polymers combine complex repeat unit structure and crystalline disorder. This combination prevents any single technique from being able to uniquely solve the packing arrangement of the molecules. Here, a general methodology for combining multiple, complementary techniques that provide accurate unit cell dimensions and molecular orientation is described. The combination of measurements results in a nearly complete picture of the organic film morphology. C1 [DeLongchamp, Dean M.; Kline, R. Joseph] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Fischer, Daniel A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Richter, Lee J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Toney, Michael F.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP DeLongchamp, DM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM deand@nist.gov; joe.kline@nist.gov RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011; Richter, Lee/N-7730-2016 OI Richter, Lee/0000-0002-9433-3724 NR 102 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 6 U2 80 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 319 EP 337 DI 10.1002/adma.201001760 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 703LX UT WOS:000285980500002 PM 20809510 ER PT J AU Hussey, RJ Coates, L Gill, RS Erskine, PT Coker, SF Mitchell, E Cooper, JB Wood, S Broadbridge, R Clarke, IN Lambden, PR Shoolingin-Jordan, PM AF Hussey, Robert J. Coates, Leighton Gill, Raj S. Erskine, Peter T. Coker, Shu-Fen Mitchell, Ed Cooper, Jonathan B. Wood, Steve Broadbridge, Robert Clarke, Ian N. Lambden, Paul R. Shoolingin-Jordan, Peter M. TI A Structural Study of Norovirus 3C Protease Specificity: Binding of a Designed Active Site-Directed Peptide Inhibitor SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE; SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 3C-LIKE PROTEASE; CLEAVAGE SITES; GENE-PRODUCT; IN-VITRO; VIRUS; POLYPROTEIN AB Noroviruses are the major cause of human epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Viral replication requires a 3C cysteine protease that cleaves a 200 kDa viral polyprotein into its constituent functional proteins. Here we describe the X-ray structure of the Southampton norovirus 3C protease (SV3CP) bound to an active site-directed peptide inhibitor (MAPI) which has been refined at 1.7 angstrom resolution. The inhibitor, acetyl-Glu-Phe-Gln-Leu-Gln-X, which is based on the most rapidly cleaved recognition sequence in the 200 kDa polyprotein substrate, reacts covalently through its propenyl ethyl ester group (X) with the active site nucleophile, Cys 139. The structure permits, for the first time, the identification of substrate recognition and binding groups in a noroviral 3C protease and thus provides important new information for the development of antiviral prophylactics. C1 [Gill, Raj S.; Erskine, Peter T.; Coker, Shu-Fen; Cooper, Jonathan B.; Wood, Steve] UCL, Lab Prot Crystallog, Ctr Amyloidosis & Acute Phase Prot, Div Med, London NW3 2PF, England. [Hussey, Robert J.; Shoolingin-Jordan, Peter M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Biol Sci, Southampton SO16 7PX, Hants, England. [Mitchell, Ed] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble 9, France. [Broadbridge, Robert] Peptide Prot Res Ltd, Wickham PO17 5DY, Hants, England. [Clarke, Ian N.; Lambden, Paul R.] Southampton Gen Hosp, Mol Microbiol Grp, Div Infect Inflammat & Immun, Univ Med Sch, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England. [Coates, Leighton] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cooper, JB (reprint author), UCL, Lab Prot Crystallog, Ctr Amyloidosis & Acute Phase Prot, Div Med, Royal Free Campus,Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PF, England. EM j.b.cooper@medsch.ucl.ac.uk OI Clarke, Ian/0000-0002-4938-1620; Coates, Leighton/0000-0003-2342-049X FU School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton; Hope (Southampton General Hospital); Wellcome Trust [086112] FX We acknowledge the School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, for a studentship to R.J.H., Hope (Southampton General Hospital) for a grant to P.M.S.-J., the Wellcome Trust for a program grant to I.N.C. and P.R.L. (No. 086112), and the ESRF (Grenoble, France) for provision of synchrotron beamtime and travel support. NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 2 BP 240 EP 249 DI 10.1021/bi1008497 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 703PJ UT WOS:000285990400008 PM 21128685 ER PT J AU Thiele, I Hyduke, DR Steeb, B Fankam, G Allen, DK Bazzani, S Charusanti, P Chen, FC Fleming, RMT Hsiung, CA De Keersmaecker, SCJ Liao, YC Marchal, K Mo, ML Ozdemir, E Raghunathan, A Reed, JL Shin, SI Sigurbjornsdottir, S Steinmann, J Sudarsan, S Swainston, N Thijs, IM Zengler, K Palsson, BO Adkins, JN Bumann, D AF Thiele, Ines Hyduke, Daniel R. Steeb, Benjamin Fankam, Guy Allen, Douglas K. Bazzani, Susanna Charusanti, Pep Chen, Feng-Chi Fleming, Ronan M. T. Hsiung, Chao A. De Keersmaecker, Sigrid C. J. Liao, Yu-Chieh Marchal, Kathleen Mo, Monica L. Oezdemir, Emre Raghunathan, Anu Reed, Jennifer L. Shin, Sook-Il Sigurbjornsdottir, Sara Steinmann, Jonas Sudarsan, Suresh Swainston, Neil Thijs, Inge M. Zengler, Karsten Palsson, Bernhard O. Adkins, Joshua N. Bumann, Dirk TI A community effort towards a knowledge-base and mathematical model of the human pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RECONSTRUCTION; ANNOTATION; METABOLISM; NETWORKS; GENOMES; PROTEIN AB Background: Metabolic reconstructions (MRs) are common denominators in systems biology and represent biochemical, genetic, and genomic (BiGG) knowledge-bases for target organisms by capturing currently available information in a consistent, structured manner. Salmonella enterica subspecies I serovar Typhimurium is a human pathogen, causes various diseases and its increasing antibiotic resistance poses a public health problem. Results: Here, we describe a community-driven effort, in which more than 20 experts in S. Typhimurium biology and systems biology collaborated to reconcile and expand the S. Typhimurium BiGG knowledge-base. The consensus MR was obtained starting from two independently developed MRs for S. Typhimurium. Key results of this reconstruction jamboree include i) development and implementation of a community-based workflow for MR annotation and reconciliation; ii) incorporation of thermodynamic information; and iii) use of the consensus MR to identify potential multi-target drug therapy approaches. Conclusion: Taken together, with the growing number of parallel MRs a structured, community-driven approach will be necessary to maximize quality while increasing adoption of MRs in experimental design and interpretation. C1 [Steeb, Benjamin; Bumann, Dirk] Univ Basel, Biozentrum, Basel, Switzerland. [Thiele, Ines; Fleming, Ronan M. T.] Univ Iceland, Ctr Syst Biol, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Thiele, Ines] Univ Iceland, Fac Ind Engn Mech Engn & Comp Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Hyduke, Daniel R.; Fankam, Guy; Charusanti, Pep; Mo, Monica L.; Zengler, Karsten; Palsson, Bernhard O.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Allen, Douglas K.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Bazzani, Susanna] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Bioinformat & Biochem, Braunschweig, Germany. [Chen, Feng-Chi; Hsiung, Chao A.; Liao, Yu-Chieh] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Div Biostat & Bioinformat, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Fleming, Ronan M. T.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [De Keersmaecker, Sigrid C. J.; Marchal, Kathleen; Thijs, Inge M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Microbial & Plant Genet, Dept Microbial & Mol Syst, Louvain, Belgium. [Oezdemir, Emre] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Computat Syst Biotechnol, Swiss Inst Bioinformat, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Raghunathan, Anu; Shin, Sook-Il] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Sigurbjornsdottir, Sara; Steinmann, Jonas] Univ Iceland, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Sudarsan, Suresh] Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Biochem & Chem Engn, Dortmund, Germany. [Swainston, Neil] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Swainston, Neil] Univ Manchester, Manchester Ctr Integrat Syst Biol, Manchester Interdisciplinary Bioctr, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Adkins, Joshua N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bumann, D (reprint author), Univ Basel, Biozentrum, Basel, Switzerland. EM dirk.bumann@unibas.ch RI Reed, Jennifer/E-5137-2011; Liao, Yu-Chieh/E-5031-2011; Marchal, Kathleen/B-5001-2013; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013; Chen, Feng-Chi /E-3841-2010; Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; Allen, Doug/M-2836-2013; Thiele, Ines/A-7629-2014; OI Zengler, Karsten/0000-0002-8062-3296; Ozdemir, Emre/0000-0001-5548-6720; Marchal, Kathleen/0000-0002-2169-4588; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700; Allen, Doug/0000-0001-8599-8946; Thiele, Ines/0000-0002-8071-7110; Liao, Yu-Chieh/0000-0002-4360-7932; Charusanti, Pep/0000-0003-0009-6615 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH/DHHS [Y1-AI-8401-01]; European Community [PIRG05-GA-2009-249261] FX The authors would like to thank R. Archila and K.C. Soh for participation at the opening day of the reconstruction jamboree. I.T. would like to thank M. Herrgard for the valuable discussions. This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH/DHHS through interagency agreement Y1-AI-8401-01. I.T. was supported in part by a Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant within the 7th European Community Framework Program (PIRG05-GA-2009-249261). NR 46 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 5 AR 8 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-5-8 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 714PS UT WOS:000286822100001 PM 21244678 ER PT J AU Aaltonen, T Gonzalez, BA Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Annovi, A Antos, J Apollinari, G Appel, JA Apresyan, A Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asaadi, J Ashmanskas, W Auerbach, B Aurisano, A Azfar, F Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barria, P Bartos, P Bauce, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Beecher, D Behari, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bizjak, I Bland, KR Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Boveia, A Brau, B Brigliadori, L Brisuda, A Bromberg, C Brucken, E Bucciantonio, M Budagov, J Budd, HS Budd, S Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Buzatu, A Calancha, C Camarda, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Carls, B Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrillo, S Carron, S Casal, B Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavaliere, V Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, A Compostella, G Convery, ME Conway, J Corbo, M Cordelli, M Cox, CA Cox, DJ Crescioli, F Almenar, CC Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D d'Ascenzo, N Datta, M de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lorenzo, G Dell'Orso, M Deluca, C Demortier, L Deng, J Deninno, M Devoto, F d'Errico, M Di Canto, A Di Ruzza, B Dittmann, JR D'Onofrio, M Donati, S Dong, P Dorigo, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Elagin, A Eppig, A Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Ershaidat, N Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferrazza, C Field, R Flanagan, G Forrest, R Frank, MJ Franklin, M Freeman, JC Funakoshi, Y Furic, I Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garcia, JE Garfinkel, AF Garosi, P Gerberich, H Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giakoumopoulou, V Giannetti, P Gibson, K Ginsburg, CM Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldin, D Goldschmidt, N Golossanov, A Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Group, RC da Costa, JG Gunay-Unalan, Z Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamaguchi, A Han, JY Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, D Hare, M Harr, RF Hatakeyama, K Hays, C Heck, M Heinrich, J Herndon, M Hewamanage, S Hidas, D Hocker, A Hopkins, W Horn, D Hou, S Hughes, RE Hurwitz, M Husemann, U Hussain, N Hussein, M Huston, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeon, EJ Jha, MK Jindariani, S Johnson, W Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, TR Kamon, T Karchin, PE Kato, Y Ketchum, W Keung, J Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, HW Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kimura, N Kirby, M Klimenko, S Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kotwal, AV Kreps, M Kroll, J Krop, D Krumnack, N Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhr, T Kurata, M Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lazzizzera, I LeCompte, T Lee, E Lee, HS Lee, JS Lee, SW Leo, S Leone, S Lewis, JD Lin, CJ Linacre, J Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, C Liu, Q Liu, T Lockwitz, S Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Lucchesi, D Lueck, J Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lys, J Lysak, R Madrak, R Maeshima, K Makhoul, K Maksimovic, P Malik, S Manca, G Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Margaroli, F Marino, C Martinez, M Martinez-Ballarin, R Mastrandrea, P Mathis, M Mattson, ME Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Mehtala, P Menzione, A Mesropian, C Miao, T Mietlicki, D Mitra, A Miyake, H Moed, S Moggi, N Mondragon, MN Moon, CS Moore, R Morello, MJ Morlock, J Fernandez, PM Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Mussini, M Nachtman, J Nagai, Y Naganoma, J Nakano, I Napier, A Nett, J Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nodulman, L Norniella, O Nurse, E Oakes, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Oksuzian, I Okusawa, T Orava, R Ortolan, L Griso, SP Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA 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Scribano, A. Scuri, F. Sedov, A. Seidel, S. Seiya, Y. Semenov, A. Sforza, F. Sfyrla, A. Shalhout, S. Z. Shears, T. Shepard, P. F. Shimojima, M. Shiraishi, S. Shochet, M. Shreyber, I. Simonenko, A. Sinervo, P. Sissakian, A. Sliwa, K. Smith, J. R. Snider, F. D. Soha, A. Somalwar, S. Sorin, V. Squillacioti, P. Stancari, M. Stanitzki, M. St Denis, R. Stelzer, B. Stelzer-Chilton, O. Stentz, D. Strologas, J. Strycker, G. L. Sudo, Y. Sukhanov, A. Suslov, I. Takemasa, K. Takeuchi, Y. Tang, J. Tecchio, M. Teng, P. K. Thom, J. Thome, J. Thompson, G. A. Thomson, E. Ttito-Guzman, P. Tkaczyk, S. Toback, D. Tokar, S. Tollefson, K. Tomura, T. Tonelli, D. Torre, S. Torretta, D. Totaro, P. Trovato, M. Tu, Y. Ukegawa, F. Uozumi, S. Varganov, A. Vazquez, F. Velev, G. Vellidis, C. Vidal, M. Vila, I. Vilar, R. Vogel, M. Volpi, G. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. L. Wakisaka, T. Wallny, R. Wang, S. M. Warburton, A. Waters, D. Weinberger, M. Wester, W. C., III Whitehouse, B. Whiteson, D. Wicklund, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wilbur, S. Wick, F. Williams, H. H. Wilson, J. S. Wilson, P. Winer, B. L. Wittich, P. Wolbers, S. Wolfe, H. Wright, T. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Yamamoto, K. Yamaoka, J. Yang, T. Yang, U. K. Yang, Y. C. Yao, W. -M. Yeh, G. P. Yi, K. Yoh, J. Yorita, K. Yoshida, T. Yu, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, S. S. Yun, J. C. Zanetti, A. Zeng, Y. Zucchelli, S. CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for Randall-Sundrum gravitons in the diphoton channel at CDF SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PHOTON PAIR PRODUCTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; COLLISIONS; HIERARCHY; PHYSICS; TEV AB We report on a search for new particles in the diphoton channel using a data sample of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, with an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb(-1). The diphoton invariant mass spectrum of the data agrees well with the standard model expectation. We set upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio for the Randall-Sundrum graviton, as a function of diphoton mass. We subsequently derive lower limits on the graviton mass of 459 GeV = c(2) and 963 GeV = c(2), at the 95% confidence level, for coupling parameters ( k/(M) over bar (Pl)) of 0.01 and 0.1, respectively. C1 [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Univ Helsinki, Div High Energy Phys, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Chen, Y. C.; Hou, S.; Mitra, A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [LeCompte, T.; Nodulman, L.; Paramonov, A. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.; Vellidis, C.; Wicklund, A. B.] Univ Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. 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C.; Haber, C.; Lin, C. -J.; Lujan, P.; Lys, J.; Nielsen, J.; Yao, W. -M.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [D'Onofrio, M.; Manca, G.; McNulty, R.; Mehta, A.; Shears, T.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Beecher, D.; Bizjak, I.; Cerrito, L.; Lancaster, M.; Nurse, E.; Waters, D.] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Calancha, C.; Fernandez, J. P.; Gonzalez, O.; Martinez-Ballarin, R.; Redondo, I.; Ttito-Guzman, P.; Vidal, M.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Bauer, G.; Gomez-Ceballos, G.; Goncharov, M.; Makhoul, K.; Paus, C.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Amidei, D.; Campbell, M.; Eppig, A.; Mietlicki, D.; Strycker, G. L.; Tecchio, M.; Varganov, A.; Wright, T.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bromberg, C.; Campanelli, M.; Gunay-Unalan, Z.; Hussein, M.; Huston, J.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Shreyber, I.] ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, H. W.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stentz, D.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Lannon, K.; Pilot, J.; Wilson, J. S.; Winer, B. L.; Wolfe, H.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. [Hamaguchi, A.; Kato, Y.; Okusawa, T.; Seiya, Y.; Wakisaka, T.; Yamamoto, K.; Yoshida, T.] Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. [Azfar, F.; Farrington, S.; Hays, C.; Linacre, J.; Oakes, L.; Renton, P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Amerio, S.; Bauce, M.; Bisello, D.; Busetto, G.; Compostella, G.; d'Errico, M.; Dorigo, T.; Gresele, A.; Lazzizzera, I.; Lucchesi, D.; Griso, S. Pagan] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bauce, M.; Bisello, D.; Busetto, G.; Compostella, G.; d'Errico, M.; Lucchesi, D.; Griso, S. Pagan] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Ciobanu, C. I.; Corbo, M.; d'Ascenzo, N.; Ershaidat, N.; Saveliev, V.; Savoy-Navarro, A.] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS,UMR7585, F-75252 Paris, France. [Canepa, A.; Heinrich, J.; Keung, J.; Kroll, J.; Lipeles, E.; Lockyer, N. S.; Pianori, E.; Rodriguez, T.; Thomson, E.; Tu, Y.; Wagner, P.; Whiteson, D.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Barria, P.; Bedeschi, F.; Bellettini, G.; Bucciantonio, M.; Carosi, R.; Cavaliere, V.; Chiarelli, G.; Ciocci, M. A.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Di Canto, A.; Di Ruzza, B.; Donati, S.; Ferrazza, C.; Garosi, P.; Giannetti, P.; Giunta, M.; Introzzi, G.; Lami, S.; Latino, G.; Leo, S.; Leone, S.; Menzione, A.; Piacentino, G.; Punzi, G.; Ruffini, F.; Sartori, L.; Scribano, A.; Scuri, F.; Sforza, F.; Trovato, M.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bellettini, G.; Bucciantonio, M.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Di Canto, A.; Donati, S.; Iori, M.; Leo, S.; Punzi, G.; Sforza, F.; Volpi, G.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barria, P.; Cavaliere, V.; Ciocci, M. A.; Garosi, P.; Latino, G.; Ruffini, F.; Scribano, A.] Univ Siena, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ferrazza, C.; Trovato, M.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Gibson, K.; Liu, C.; Rahaman, A.; Ristori, L.; Shepard, P. F.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Apresyan, A.; Barnes, V. E.; Bortoletto, D.; Flanagan, G.; Garfinkel, A. F.; Jones, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Liu, Q.; Margaroli, F.; Potamianos, K.; Ranjan, N.; Sedov, A.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bodek, A.; Budd, H. S.; Chung, Y. S.; de Barbaro, P.; Han, J. Y.; McFarland, K. S.; Sakumoto, W. K.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Demortier, L.; Gallinaro, M.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10065 USA. [De Cecco, S.; Giagu, S.; Iori, M.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rescigno, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Giagu, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Halkiadakis, E.; Hare, D.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Somalwar, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Asaadi, J.; Aurisano, A.; Elagin, A.; Eusebi, R.; Goldin, D.; Harr, R. F.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Krutelyov, V.; Lee, E.; Lee, S. W.; McIntyre, P.; Safonov, A.; Toback, D.; Weinberger, M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cauz, D.; Dorigo, M.; Pagliarone, C.; Pauletta, G.; Penzo, A.; Rossi, M.; Santi, L.; Totaro, P.; Zanetti, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Trieste Udine, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. [Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.; Totaro, P.] Univ Trieste Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Hara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Miyake, H.; Nagai, Y.; Sato, K.; Shimojima, M.; Sudo, Y.; Takemasa, K.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tomura, T.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Hare, M.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Whitehouse, B.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Group, R. C.; Neu, C.; Oksuzian, I.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. [Arisawa, T.; Ebina, K.; Funakoshi, Y.; Kimura, N.; Kondo, K.; Naganoma, J.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. [Karchin, P. E.; Mattson, M. E.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bellinger, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Chung, W. H.; Herndon, M.; Nett, J.; Pondrom, L.; Pursley, J.; Ramakrishnan, V.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Auerbach, B.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Husemann, U.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.; Schmidt, M. P.; Stanitzki, M.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Div High Energy Phys, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Zeng, Yu/C-1438-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; unalan, zeynep/C-6660-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Piacentino, Giovanni/K-3269-2015; Martinez Ballarin, Roberto/K-9209-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; OI Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Torre, Stefano/0000-0002-7565-0118; Brucken, Jens Erik/0000-0001-6066-8756; Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Vidal Marono, Miguel/0000-0002-2590-5987; Casarsa, Massimo/0000-0002-1353-8964; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Jun, Soon Yung/0000-0003-3370-6109; Toback, David/0000-0003-3457-4144; Hays, Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; unalan, zeynep/0000-0003-2570-7611; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Piacentino, Giovanni/0000-0001-9884-2924; Martinez Ballarin, Roberto/0000-0003-0588-6720; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Lami, Stefano/0000-0001-9492-0147; Margaroli, Fabrizio/0000-0002-3869-0153; Group, Robert/0000-0002-4097-5254; Simonenko, Alexander/0000-0001-6580-3638; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419 FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council of the Republic of China; Swiss National Science Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; World Class University; National Research Foundation of Korea; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Royal Society, UK; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et Physique des Particules/CNRS; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; Slovak RD Agency; Academy of Finland FX We thank the Fermilab staff and the technical staffs of the participating institutions for their vital contributions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation; the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; the National Science Council of the Republic of China; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; the World Class University Program, the National Research Foundation of Korea; the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the Royal Society, UK; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et Physique des Particules/CNRS; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Slovak R&D Agency; and the Academy of Finland. We thank M. C. Kumar, P. Mathews, V. Ravindran, and A. Tripathi for the calculation of NLO K factors for this analysis. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 011102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.011102 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713UZ UT WOS:000286764200001 ER PT J AU Fister, TT Fong, DD Eastman, JA Iddir, H Zapol, P Fuoss, PH Balasubramanian, M Gordon, RA Balasubramaniam, KR Salvador, PA AF Fister, T. T. Fong, D. D. Eastman, J. A. Iddir, H. Zapol, P. Fuoss, P. H. Balasubramanian, M. Gordon, R. A. Balasubramaniam, K. R. Salvador, P. A. TI Total-Reflection Inelastic X-Ray Scattering from a 10-nm Thick La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 Thin Film SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB To study equilibrium changes in composition, valence, and electronic structure near the surface and into the bulk, we demonstrate the use of a new approach, total-reflection inelastic x-ray scattering, as a sub-keV spectroscopy capable of depth profiling chemical changes in thin films with nanometer resolution. By comparing data acquired under total x-ray reflection and penetrating conditions, we are able to separate the O K-edge spectra from a 10 nm La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 thin film from that of the underlying SrTiO3 substrate. With a smaller wavelength probe than comparable soft x-ray absorption measurements, we also describe the ability to easily access dipole-forbidden final states, using the dramatic evolution of the La N-4,N-5 edge with momentum transfer as an example. C1 [Fister, T. T.; Fong, D. D.; Eastman, J. A.; Iddir, H.; Zapol, P.; Fuoss, P. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gordon, R. A.] Simon Fraser Univ, Adv Photon Source, Dept Phys, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Balasubramaniam, K. R.; Salvador, P. A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Fister, TT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fister@anl.gov RI Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; Salvador, Paul/A-9435-2011; Zapol, Peter/G-1810-2012 OI Salvador, Paul/0000-0001-7106-0017; Zapol, Peter/0000-0003-0570-9169 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); NSERC; DOE Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance FX We thank Maurits Haverkort and Josh Kas for assisting with the theoretical calculations and Gerald Seidler for reviewing the manuscript. The beam line staff at 20ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS) provided valuable assistance. Research at sector 20 is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), NSERC, and its founding institutions. This research, including use of the APS, is funded by the DOE Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and by the DOE Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (T. T. F., K. R. B., and P. A. S.). NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713MN UT WOS:000286742200019 PM 21405295 ER PT J AU Kohama, Y Sologubenko, AV Dilley, NR Zapf, VS Jaime, M Mydosh, JA Paduan, A Al-Hassanieh, KA Sengupta, P Gangadharaiah, S Chernyshev, AL Batista, CD AF Kohama, Y. Sologubenko, A. V. Dilley, N. R. Zapf, V. S. Jaime, M. Mydosh, J. A. Paduan-Filho, A. Al-Hassanieh, K. A. Sengupta, P. Gangadharaiah, S. Chernyshev, A. L. Batista, C. D. TI Thermal Transport and Strong Mass Renormalization in NiCl2-4SC(NH2)(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDENSATION AB Several quantum paramagnets exhibit magnetic-field-induced quantum phase transitions to an anti-ferromagnetic state that exists for H-c1 <= H <= H-c2. For some of these compounds, there is a significant asymmetry between the low-and high-field transitions. We present specific heat and thermal conductivity measurements in NiCl2-4SC(NH2)(2), together with calculations which show that the asymmetry is caused by a strong mass renormalization due to quantum fluctuations for H <= H-c1 that are absent for H >= H-c2. We argue that the enigmatic lack of asymmetry in thermal conductivity is due to a concomitant renormalization of the impurity scattering. C1 [Kohama, Y.; Zapf, V. S.; Jaime, M.] LANL, MPA CMMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sologubenko, A. V.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Dilley, N. R.] Quantum Design Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Mydosh, J. A.] Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Paduan-Filho, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Al-Hassanieh, K. A.; Batista, C. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sengupta, P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Phys & Math Sci, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Gangadharaiah, S.; Chernyshev, A. L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Gangadharaiah, S.; Chernyshev, A. L.] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RP Kohama, Y (reprint author), LANL, MPA CMMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI PaduanFilho, Armando/H-2443-2011; Zapf, Vivien/K-5645-2013; Sengupta, Pinaki/B-6999-2011; Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 OI Zapf, Vivien/0000-0002-8375-4515; Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220; FU NSF; State of Florida; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-04ER46174]; DFG [SFB 608] FX This work was supported by the NSF, the State of Florida, the U.S. DOE under Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER46174 (A. L. C.) and by the DFG, SFB 608 (A. S. and J. M.). NR 18 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037203 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713MN UT WOS:000286742200017 PM 21405291 ER PT J AU McLeod, A Weber-Bargioni, A Zhang, Z Dhuey, S Harteneck, B Neaton, JB Cabrini, S Schuck, PJ AF McLeod, A. Weber-Bargioni, A. Zhang, Z. Dhuey, S. Harteneck, B. Neaton, J. B. Cabrini, S. Schuck, P. James TI Nonperturbative Visualization of Nanoscale Plasmonic Field Distributions via Photon Localization Microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL NEAR-FIELD; WAVE-GUIDES; NANOANTENNAS; SORTERS; ANTENNA; LIGHT AB We demonstrate the nonperturbative use of diffraction-limited optics and photon localization microscopy to visualize the controlled nanoscale shifts of zeptoliter mode volumes within plasmonic nanostructures. Unlike tip-or coating-based methods for mapping near fields, these measurements do not affect the electromagnetic properties of the structure being investigated. We quantify the local field manipulation capabilities of asymmetric bowtie antennas, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The photon-limited localization accuracy of nanoscale mode positions is determined for many of the measured devices to be within a 95% confidence interval of +/- 2.5 nm. This accuracy also enables us to characterize the effects of nm-scale fabrication irregularities on local plasmonic mode distributions. C1 [McLeod, A.; Weber-Bargioni, A.; Dhuey, S.; Harteneck, B.; Neaton, J. B.; Cabrini, S.; Schuck, P. James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McLeod, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbneaton@lbl.gov; pjschuck@lbl.gov RI Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015 OI Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation FX We thank S. W. Wu, Y. Hu, and colleagues at Molecular Foundry and UC Berkeley for their gracious help and discussions. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We acknowledge use of nanoHUB.org resources provided by the Network for Computational Nanotechnology funded by the National Science Foundation NR 43 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713MN UT WOS:000286742200020 PM 21405296 ER PT J AU Sakai, K Stoychev, S Ouchi, T Higuchi, I Schoffler, M Mazza, T Fukuzawa, H Nagaya, K Yao, M Tamenori, Y Kuleff, AI Saito, N Ueda, K AF Sakai, K. Stoychev, S. Ouchi, T. Higuchi, I. Schoeffler, M. Mazza, T. Fukuzawa, H. Nagaya, K. Yao, M. Tamenori, Y. Kuleff, A. I. Saito, N. Ueda, K. TI Electron-Transfer-Mediated Decay and Interatomic Coulombic Decay from the Triply Ionized States in Argon Dimers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCHEMISTRY BEAMLINE BL27SU; MOMENTUM SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; WATER; CLUSTERS; MOLECULES; SPRING-8; ION AB We report the first observation of electron-transfer-mediated decay (ETMD) and interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) from the triply charged states with an inner-valence vacancy, using the Ar dimer as an example. These ETMD and ICD processes, which lead to fragmentation of Ar3+-Ar into Ar2+-Ar2+ and Ar3+-Ar+, respectively, are unambiguously identified by electron-ion-ion coincidence spectroscopy in which the kinetic energy of the ETMD or ICD electron and the kinetic energy release between the two fragment ions are measured in coincidence. C1 [Sakai, K.; Ouchi, T.; Mazza, T.; Fukuzawa, H.; Ueda, K.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Stoychev, S.; Kuleff, A. I.] Univ Heidelberg, PCI, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Higuchi, I.; Tamenori, Y.] Japan Synchrotron Radiat Res Inst, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. [Schoeffler, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mazza, T.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Nagaya, K.; Yao, M.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Saito, N.] NMIJ, Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Sakai, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM ueda@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp RI Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008; Tamenori, Yusuke/F-8867-2014; Saito, Norio/E-2890-2014 OI Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848; Tamenori, Yusuke/0000-0001-8004-895X; FU JSPS; MEXT; IMRAM; Alexander von Humboldt foundation; European Community [227597] FX The experiments were performed at SPring-8 with the approval of JASRI. We are grateful to L. S. Cederbaum for stimulating discussion. The work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from JSPS, by the Management Expenses Grants for National Universities Corporations from MEXT, and IMRAM research program. M. S. acknowledges the support by the Alexander von Humboldt foundation. A. I. K. acknowledges the support of the European Community's FP7 / ERC Advanced Investigator Grant No. 227597. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 033401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.033401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713MN UT WOS:000286742200007 PM 21405272 ER PT J AU Shen, NH Massaouti, M Gokkavas, M Manceau, JM Ozbay, E Kafesaki, M Koschny, T Tzortzakis, S Soukoulis, CM AF Shen, Nian-Hai Massaouti, Maria Gokkavas, Mutlu Manceau, Jean-Michel Ozbay, Ekmel Kafesaki, Maria Koschny, Thomas Tzortzakis, Stelios Soukoulis, Costas M. TI Optically Implemented Broadband Blueshift Switch in the Terahertz Regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE MODULATOR; METAMATERIALS; CLOAK; FREQUENCIES; RESONATORS; INDEX; LASER AB We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, an optically implemented blueshift tunable metamaterial in the terahertz (THz) regime. The design implies two potential resonance states, and the photoconductive semiconductor (silicon) settled in the critical region plays the role of intermediary for switching the resonator from mode 1 to mode 2. The observed tuning range of the fabricated device is as high as 26% (from 0.76 THz to 0.96 THz) through optical control to silicon. The realization of broadband blueshift tunable metamaterial offers opportunities for achieving switchable metamaterials with simultaneous redshift and blueshift tunability and cascade tunable devices. Our experimental approach is compatible with semiconductor technologies and can be used for other applications in the THz regime. C1 [Shen, Nian-Hai; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shen, Nian-Hai; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Massaouti, Maria; Manceau, Jean-Michel; Kafesaki, Maria; Koschny, Thomas; Tzortzakis, Stelios; Soukoulis, Costas M.] FORTH, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Gokkavas, Mutlu; Ozbay, Ekmel] Bilkent Univ, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Gokkavas, Mutlu; Ozbay, Ekmel] Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Kafesaki, Maria; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. RP Shen, NH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM stzortz@iesl.forth.gr; soukoulis@ameslab.gov RI Shen, Nianhai/E-5543-2012; Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012; Tzortzakis, Stelios/J-5559-2013; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 OI Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576; Tzortzakis, Stelios/0000-0001-9242-4182; FU Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; European Union; Marie Curie Excellence Grant "MULTIRAD'' [MEXT-CT-2006-042683] FX Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This was partially supported by the European Union Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) project PHOME, and the Marie Curie Excellence Grant "MULTIRAD'' MEXT-CT-2006-042683. NR 29 TC 98 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 51 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 3 AR 037403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.037403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713MN UT WOS:000286742200021 PM 21405297 ER PT J AU Somorjai, GA Li, YM AF Somorjai, Gabor A. Li, Yimin TI Impact of surface chemistry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE surface science; nanotechnology; heterogeneous catalysis; in situ techniques; technological application ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; SUSTAINABLE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; MOLECULAR-BEAM; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; AMMONIA-SYNTHESIS AB The applications of molecular surface chemistry in heterogeneous catalyst technology, semiconductor-based technology, medical technology, anticorrosion and lubricant technology, and nanotechnology are highlighted in this perspective. The evolution of surface chemistry at the molecular level is reviewed, and the key roles of surface instrumentation developments for in situ studies of the gas-solid, liquid-solid, and solid-solid interfaces under reaction conditions are emphasized. C1 [Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu RI Li, Yimin/F-5817-2012; Li, Yimin/F-5821-2012 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 144 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 11 U2 99 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 3 BP 917 EP 924 DI 10.1073/pnas.1006669107 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 707TF UT WOS:000286310300010 PM 20880833 ER PT J AU Duguet, T Han, Y Yuen, C Jing, DP Unal, B Evans, JW Thiel, PA AF Duguet, T. Han, Yong Yuen, Chad Jing, Dapeng Uenal, Baris Evans, J. W. Thiel, P. A. TI Self-assembly of metal nanostructures on binary alloy surfaces SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE deposition; epitaxial growth; STM; DFT; KMC ID NANOPARTICLES; GROWTH; ISLANDS; FILMS; AU AB Deposition of metals on binary alloy surfaces offers new possibilities for guiding the formation of functional metal nanostructures. This idea is explored with scanning tunneling microscopy studies and atomistic-level analysis and modeling of nonequilibrium island formation. For Au/NiAl(110), complex monolayer structures are found and compared with the simple fcc(110) bilayer structure recently observed for Ag/NiAl(110). We also consider a more complex codeposition system, (Ni + Al)/NiAl(110), which offers the opportunity for fundamental studies of self-growth of alloys including deviations for equilibrium ordering. A general multisite lattice-gas model framework enables analysis of structure selection and morphological evolution in these systems. C1 [Evans, J. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Duguet, T.; Yuen, Chad; Jing, Dapeng; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Uenal, Baris; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Evans, J. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Han, Yong] Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Duguet, T.; Yuen, Chad; Uenal, Baris; Evans, J. W.; Thiel, P. A.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Evans, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM evans@ameslab.gov RI DUGUET, Thomas/B-6738-2011; Han, Yong/F-5701-2012; Jing, Dapeng/M-3455-2014 OI Han, Yong/0000-0001-5404-0911; Jing, Dapeng/0000-0001-7600-7071 FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0809472]; USDOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant CHE-0809472. Teragrid provided computational support. The work was performed at Ames Laboratory operated for the USDOE by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 26 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 18 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 3 BP 989 EP 994 DI 10.1073/pnas.1008157107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 707TF UT WOS:000286310300022 PM 21097706 ER PT J AU Thunga, M Lio, WY Akinc, M Kessler, MR AF Thunga, Mahendra Lio, Wilber Y. Akinc, Mufit Kessler, Michael R. TI Adhesive repair of bismaleimide/carbon fiber composites with bisphenol E cyanate ester SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Adhesive joints; Fracture toughness; Delamination; Bisphenol E cyanate ester ID FRACTURE; DAMAGE; MATRIX; TESTS AB The adhesive strength and repair efficiency of bisphenol E cyanate ester (BECy) is investigated for the injection repair of high temperature polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) by lap shear (LS), short beam shear bending (SBSB), and double-cantilever beam (DCB) tests. Bismaleimide/carbon fiber (BMI-cf) composites were chosen as a model substrate. The BECy resin showed similar strength at room temperature to a benchmark epoxy adhesive and outperformed the epoxy at high temperature (200 degrees C) in all mechanical tests performed. The influence of moisture content of the PMC substrate on the adhesive strength of BECy was systematically investigated. Drying of PMC before repair was necessary for excellent repair performance. Both the flexural strength of repaired SBSB specimens and the inter-laminar fracture toughness of repaired DCB specimens were significantly higher than that of the control composites and stable over a broad temperature range. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kessler, Michael R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kessler, MR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mkessler@iastate.edu RI Kessler, Michael/C-3153-2008; Thunga, Mahendra/D-4638-2013 OI Kessler, Michael/0000-0001-8436-3447; Thunga, Mahendra/0000-0002-4856-242X FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [WP-1580] FX Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) (Project Number WP-1580). Special thanks to Warren Straszheim of the Materials Analysis and Research Laboratory, at Iowa State University) for helping with SEM investigations. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 71 IS 2 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.11.021 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 715SY UT WOS:000286909100023 ER PT J AU Wells, DM Ringe, E Kaczorowski, D Gnida, D Andre, G Haire, RG Ellis, DE Ibers, JA AF Wells, Daniel M. Ringe, Emilie Kaczorowski, D. Gnida, D. Andre, G. Haire, Richard G. Ellis, Donald E. Ibers, James A. TI Structure, Properties, and Theoretical Electronic Structure of UCuOP and NpCuOP SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; URANIUM CHALCOGENIDES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION AB The compounds UCuOP and NpCuOP have been synthesized and their crystal structures were determined from low-temperature single-crystal X-ray data. These isostructural compounds crystallize with two formula units in space group P4/nmm of the tetragonal system. Each An atom (An = U or Np) is coordinated to four O and four P atoms in a distorted square antiprism; each Cu atom is coordinated to four P atoms in a distorted tetrahedron. Magnetic susceptibility measurements on crushed single crystals indicate that UCuOP orders antiferromagnetically at 224(2) K. Neutron diffraction experiments at 100 and 228 K show the magnetic structure of UCuOP to be type AFI (+ - + -) where ferromagnetically aligned sheets of U atoms in the (001) plane order antiferromagnetically along [001]. The electrical conductivity of UCuOP exhibits metallic character. Its electrical resistivity measured in the ordered region with he current flowing within the tetragonal plane is governed by the scattering of the conduction electrons on antiferromagnetic spin-wave excitations. The electrical resistivity of single-crystalline NpCuOP shows semimetallic character. It 5 dominated by a pronounced hump at low temperatures, which likely arises owing to long-range magnetic ordering below about 90 K. Density of state analyses using the local spin-density approximation show covalent overlap between AnO and CuP layers of the structure and dominant contributions from 5f-actinide orbitals at the Fermi level. Calculations on a 2 x 2 x 2 supercell of NpCuOP show ferromagnetic ordering within the Np sheets and complex coupling between these planes. Comparisons of the physical properties of these AnCuOP compounds are made with those of the family of related tetragonal uranium phosphide compounds. C1 [Wells, Daniel M.; Ringe, Emilie; Ellis, Donald E.; Ibers, James A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Wells, Daniel M.; Ellis, Donald E.] Northwestern Univ, Mat Res Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Kaczorowski, D.; Gnida, D.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, PL-50950 Wroclaw, Poland. [Andre, G.] CE Saclay, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Haire, Richard G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ellis, Donald E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Ibers, JA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM ibers@chem.northwestern.edu RI Kaczorowski, Dariusz/M-6572-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Biosciences, and Geosciences Division and Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [ER-15522]; MRSEC of the National Science Foundation [DMR-0520513]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0520513] FX We are grateful for the support of Dr. L. Soderholm and Dr. S. Skanthakumar of the Actinide Facility of Argonne National Laboratory where we performed the neptunium synthetic work. We are also grateful to Dr. Geng Bang Jin at Northwestern University and Argonne National Laboratory and George Oh at Northwestern University for their help. The research at Northwestern University was kindly supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Biosciences, and Geosciences Division and Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering Grant ER-15522. D.M.W. acknowledges partial support from the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-0520513). Use was made of the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Magnet and Low Temperature Facility supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR-0520513). NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 2 BP 576 EP 589 DI 10.1021/ic101665g PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 703EJ UT WOS:000285956600026 PM 21158457 ER PT J AU Dai, Q Shan, QF Cho, J Schubert, EF Crawford, MH Koleske, DD Kim, MH Park, Y AF Dai, Qi Shan, Qifeng Cho, Jaehee Schubert, E. Fred Crawford, Mary H. Koleske, Daniel D. Kim, Min-Ho Park, Yongjo TI On the symmetry of efficiency-versus-carrier-concentration curves in GaInN/GaN light-emitting diodes and relation to droop-causing mechanisms SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The internal quantum efficiency (IQE)-versus-carrier-concentration (n) curves of GaN-based light-emitting diodes have been frequently described by the ABC model: IQE=Bn-2/(An+Bn-2 +Cn(3)). We show that this model predicts IQE-versus-n curves that have even symmetry. Phase-space filling makes the B and C coefficients concentration-dependent. We also show that IQE-versus-n curves that take into account phase-space filling possess even symmetry. In contrast, experimental IQE-versus-n curves exhibit asymmetry. The asymmetry requires a fourth-power or higher-power contribution to the recombination rate and provides insight into the mathematical form of the droop-causing mechanisms. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544584] C1 [Dai, Qi; Shan, Qifeng; Cho, Jaehee; Schubert, E. Fred] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Dai, Qi; Shan, Qifeng; Cho, Jaehee; Schubert, E. Fred] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Crawford, Mary H.; Koleske, Daniel D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kim, Min-Ho; Park, Yongjo] Samsung LED, R&D Inst, Suwon 443743, South Korea. RP Dai, Q (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM efschubert@rpi.edu RI Cho, Jaehee/H-3506-2013 OI Cho, Jaehee/0000-0002-8794-3487 FU Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Center; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Co.; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC0494AL85000] FX Sandia authors and Q.D., Q.S., and J.C. were supported by Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Co., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC0494AL85000. The RPI authors gratefully thank Samsung LED, the National Science Foundation, New York State, Crystal IS, and Troy Research Corporation for support of E.F.S., M.H.K., Y.P., and RPI facilities. NR 16 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 3 AR 033506 DI 10.1063/1.3544584 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 709WC UT WOS:000286471100049 ER PT J AU Buchowicz, G Stone, PR Robinson, JT Cress, CD Beeman, JW Dubon, OD AF Buchowicz, Grant Stone, Peter R. Robinson, Jeremy T. Cress, Cory D. Beeman, Jeffrey W. Dubon, Oscar D. TI Correlation between structure and electrical transport in ion-irradiated graphene grown on Cu foils SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-CARBON; DEFECTS; FILMS AB Graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition and supported on SiO2 and sapphire substrates was studied following the controlled introduction of defects induced by 35 keV carbon ion irradiation. Changes in Raman spectra for fluences ranging from 10(12) to 10(15) cm(-2) indicate that the structure of graphene evolves from a highly ordered layer, to a patchwork of disordered domains, to an essentially amorphous film. These structural changes result in a dramatic decrease in the Hall mobility by orders of magnitude while, remarkably, the Hall concentration remains almost unchanged, suggesting that the Fermi level is pinned at a hole concentration near 1 x 10(13) cm(-2). A model for scattering by resonant scatterers is in good agreement with mobility measurements up to an ion fluence of 1 x 10(14) cm(-2). (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3536529] C1 [Buchowicz, Grant; Stone, Peter R.; Beeman, Jeffrey W.; Dubon, Oscar D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Buchowicz, Grant; Stone, Peter R.; Dubon, Oscar D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.; Cress, Cory D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Buchowicz, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM oddubon@berkeley.edu RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy [De-Ac02-05Ch11231]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0349257]; Office of Naval Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency under MIPR [10-2197M]; NRL's Nanoscience Institute FX The work at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (ion irradiation and electrical characterization of graphene on SiO2) was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. De-Ac02-05Ch11231. O.D.D. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Contract No. DMR-0349257 for electrical measurements of graphene on sapphire. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, NRL's Nanoscience Institute, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under MIPR Grant No. 10-2197M. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 3 AR 032102 DI 10.1063/1.3536529 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 709WC UT WOS:000286471100020 ER PT J AU Sun, N Liu, LV Dey, A Villar-Acevedo, G Kovacs, JA Darensbourg, MY Hodgson, KO Hedman, B Solomon, EI AF Sun, Ning Liu, Lei V. Dey, Abhishek Villar-Acevedo, Gloria Kovacs, Julie A. Darensbourg, Marcetta Y. Hodgson, Keith O. Hedman, Britt Solomon, Edward I. TI S K-Edge X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Studies of High and Low Spin {FeNO}(7) Thiolate Complexes: Exchange Stabilization of Electron Delocalization in {FeNO}(7) and {FeO2}(8) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR WAVE FUNCTIONS; ISOPENICILLIN-N-SYNTHASE; MULTIREFERENCE AB-INITIO; TRANSITION-METAL DIMERS; NITRIC-OXIDE BINDING; IRON-OXYGEN BOND; POPULATION ANALYSIS; ACTIVE-SITE; SUPEROXIDE REDUCTASE; SULFUR-K AB S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a direct experimental probe of metal ion electronic structure as the pre-edge energy reflects its oxidation state, and the energy splitting pattern of the pre-edge transitions reflects its spin state. The combination of sulfur K-edge XAS and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicates that the electronic structures of {FeNO}(7) (S = 3/2) ((SN4)-N-Me2(tren)Fe(NO), complex I) and {FeNO}(7) (S = 1/2) ((bme-daco)Fe(NO), complex II) are Fe-III(S = 5/2)-NO-(S = 1) and Fe-III(S = 3/2)-NO-(S = 1), respectively. When an axial ligand is computationally added to complex II, the electronic structure becomes Fe-II(S = 0)-NO center dot(S = 1/2). These studies demonstrate hoe the ligand field of the Fe center defines its spin state and thus changes the electron exchange, an important factor in determining the electron distribution over {FeNO}(7) and {FeO2}(8) sites. C1 [Sun, Ning; Liu, Lei V.; Dey, Abhishek; Hodgson, Keith O.; Solomon, Edward I.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Villar-Acevedo, Gloria; Kovacs, Julie A.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Darensbourg, Marcetta Y.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hodgson, Keith O.; Hedman, Britt; Solomon, Edward I.] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM edward.solomon@stanford.edu RI Liu, Lei/H-4942-2011; Dey, Abhishek/D-2825-2013; Darensbourg, Marcetta/O-5093-2014; Kovacs, Julie/G-5792-2015 OI Dey, Abhishek/0000-0002-9166-3349; Darensbourg, Marcetta/0000-0002-0070-2075; Kovacs, Julie/0000-0003-2358-1269 FU NIH [GM40392, RO1 GM45881-18]; NSF [CHE 01-11629, 09-10679]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [5 P41 RR001209]; Larry Yung Stanford Graduate Fellowship FX This research was supported by NIH GM40392 (E.I.S.), RO1 GM45881-18 (J.A.K.), and NSF CHE 01-11629 and 09-10679 (M.Y.D.). SSRL operations are supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program, and by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. This publication was made possible by Grant 5 P41 RR001209 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of NCRR or NIH. L.V.L. is supported by a Larry Yung Stanford Graduate Fellowship. Yang Ha is thanked for assistance in the revision of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 2 BP 427 EP 436 DI 10.1021/ic1006378 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 703EJ UT WOS:000285956600011 PM 21158471 ER PT J AU Sethi, DK Schubert, DA Anders, AK Heroux, A Bonsor, DA Thomas, CP Sundberg, EJ Pyrdol, J Wucherpfennig, KW AF Sethi, Dhruv K. Schubert, David A. Anders, Anne-Kathrin Heroux, Annie Bonsor, Daniel A. Thomas, Chantz P. Sundberg, Eric J. Pyrdol, Jason Wucherpfennig, Kai W. TI A highly tilted binding mode by a self-reactive T cell receptor results in altered engagement of peptide and MHC SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; CLASS-II MOLECULE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TRANSGENIC MICE; AMINO-ACIDS; RECOGNITION; ANTIGEN; SPECIFICITY; AUTOIMMUNITY AB Self-reactive T cells that escape elimination in the thymus can cause autoimmune pathology, and it is therefore important to understand the structural mechanisms of self-antigen recognition. We report the crystal structure of a T cell receptor (TCR) from a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that engages its self-peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) ligand in an unusual manner. The TCR is bound in a highly tilted orientation that prevents interaction of the TCR-alpha chain with the MHC class II beta chain helix. In this structure, only a single germline-encoded TCR loop engages the MHC protein, whereas in most other TCR-pMHC structures all four germline-encoded TCR loops bind to the MHC helices. The tilted binding mode also prevents peptide contacts by the short complementarity-determining region (CDR) 3 beta loop, and interactions that contribute to peptide side chain specificity are focused on the CDR3 alpha loop. This structure is the first example in which only a single germline-encoded TCR loop contacts the MHC helices. Furthermore, the reduced interaction surface with the peptide may facilitate TCR cross-reactivity. The structural alterations in the trimolecular complex are distinct from previously characterized self-reactive TCRs, indicating that there are multiple unusual ways for self-reactive TCRs to bind their pMHC ligand. C1 [Sethi, Dhruv K.; Schubert, David A.; Anders, Anne-Kathrin; Thomas, Chantz P.; Pyrdol, Jason; Wucherpfennig, Kai W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Immunol & AIDS, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anders, Anne-Kathrin; Wucherpfennig, Kai W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Program Immunol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bonsor, Daniel A.; Sundberg, Eric J.] Boston Biomed Res Inst, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP Wucherpfennig, KW (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Immunol & AIDS, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kai_wucherpfennig@dfci.harvard.edu FU National Institutes of Health [P01 AI045757, R01 AI064177]; National Multiple Sclerosis Society; Cancer Research Institute; Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (P01 AI045757 and R01 AI064177 to K.W. Wucherpfennig) and postdoctoral fellowships from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (to D.K. Sethi) and the Cancer Research Institute (to D. A. Schubert). Data were collected at beamline X29 of the National Synchrotron Light Source. Financial support for the National Synchrotron Light Source comes principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy, and from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health. NR 62 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 208 IS 1 BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1084/jem.20100725 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 707SV UT WOS:000286309300008 PM 21199956 ER PT J AU Liu, YJ Andrews, JC Wang, JY Meirer, F Zhu, PP Wu, ZY Pianetta, P AF Liu, Yijin Andrews, Joy C. Wang, Junyue Meirer, Florian Zhu, Peiping Wu, Ziyu Pianetta, Piero TI Phase retrieval using polychromatic illumination for transmission X-ray microscopy SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ZONE PLATES; ALGORITHM; OPTICS AB An alternative method for quantitative phase retrieval in a transmission X-ray microscope system at sub-50-nm resolution is presented. As an alternative to moving the sample in the beam direction in order to analyze the propagation-introduced phase effect, we have illuminated the TXM using X-rays of different energy without any motor movement in the TXM system. Both theoretical analysis and experimental studies have confirmed the feasibility and the advantage of our method, because energy tuning can be performed with very high energy resolution using a double crystal monochromator at a synchrotron beam line, and there is zero motor error in TXM system in our approach. High-spatial-resolution phase retrieval is accomplished using the proposed method. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America C1 [Liu, Yijin; Andrews, Joy C.; Pianetta, Piero] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Wang, Junyue] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Meirer, Florian] Fdn Bruno Kessler, I-38050 Povo, Italy. [Zhu, Peiping; Wu, Ziyu] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Wu, Ziyu] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230027, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YJ (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM liuyijin@slac.stanford.edu RI Liu, Yijin/O-2640-2013; Meirer, Florian/H-7642-2016 OI Liu, Yijin/0000-0002-8417-2488; Meirer, Florian/0000-0001-5581-5790 FU NIH/NIBIB [5R01EB004321]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Wenbing Yun, Michael Feser and Juana Rudati for valuable discussions. Yijin Liu thanks Wendy Mao and Shibing Wang for providing the sample. The transmission X-ray microscope is supported by NIH/NIBIB grant number 5R01EB004321. SSRL is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. 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Hits, D. Lath, A. Panwalkar, S. Patel, R. Richards, A. Rose, K. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, S. Stone, R. Thomas, S. Cerizza, G. Hollingsworth, M. Spanier, S. Yang, Z. C. York, A. Asaadi, J. Eusebi, R. Gilmore, J. Gurrola, A. Kamon, T. Khotilovich, V. Montalvo, R. Nguyen, C. N. Pivarski, J. Safonov, A. Sengupta, S. Tatarinov, A. Toback, D. Weinberger, M. Akchurin, N. Bardak, C. Damgov, J. Jeong, C. Kovitanggoon, K. Lee, S. W. Mane, P. Roh, Y. Sill, A. Volobouev, I. Wigmans, R. Yazgan, E. Appelt, E. Brownson, E. Engh, D. Florez, C. Gabella, W. Johns, W. Kurt, P. Maguire, C. Melo, A. Sheldon, P. Velkovska, J. Arenton, M. W. Balazs, M. Boutle, S. Buehler, M. Conetti, S. Cox, B. Francis, B. Hirosky, R. Ledovskoy, A. Lin, C. Neu, C. Patel, T. Yohay, R. Gollapinni, S. Harr, R. Karchin, P. E. Loggins, V. Mattson, M. Milstene, C. Sakharov, A. Anderson, M. Bachtis, M. Bellinger, J. N. Carlsmith, D. Dasu, S. Efron, J. Gray, L. Gregerson, A. Grogg, K. S. Grothe, M. Hall-Wilton, R. Herndon, M. Klabbers, P. Klukas, J. Lanaro, A. Lazaridis, C. Leonard, J. Liu, J. Lomidze, D. Loveless, R. Mohapatra, A. Parker, W. Reeder, D. Ross, I. Savin, A. Smith, W. H. Swanson, J. Weinberg, M. CA CMS Collaboration TI First measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE CMS; LHC; Physics; Top quark; Cross section AB The first measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV has been performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 +/- 0.3 pb(-1) recorded by the CMS detector. This result utilizes the final state with two isolated, highly energetic charged leptons, large missing transverse energy, and two or more jets. Backgrounds from Drell-Yan and non-W/Z boson production are estimated from data. 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J.; Benedetti, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bolognesi, S.; Breuker, H.; Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cano, E.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Covarelli, R.; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; Dahms, T.; De Roeck, A.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Gennai, S.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Gouzevitch, M.; Gowdy, S.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harvey, J.; Hegeman, J.; Hegner, B.; Henderson, C.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Honma, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Karavakis, E.; Lecoq, P.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lourenco, C.; Macpherson, A.; Maeki, T.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Polese, G.; Racz, A.; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Siegrist, R.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoeckli, F.; Stoye, M.; Tropea, P.; Tsirou, A.; Tsyganov, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Voutilainen, M.; Zeuner, W. D.; Virdee, T.; Sharma, V.; Hall-Wilton, R.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Starodumov, A.; Caminada, L.; Marchica, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Weber, M.; Bortignon, P.; Caminada, L.; Chen, Z.; Cittolin, S.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Herve, A.; Hintz, W.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marchica, C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Meridiani, P.; Milenovic, P.; Moortgat, E.; Nardulli, A.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Punz, T.; Rizzi, A.; Ronga, F. J.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Stieger, B.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Jaeger, A.; Mejias, B. Millan; Regenfus, C.; Schmidt, P. Robmann A.; Snoek, H.; Wilke, L.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Chen, W. T.; Dutta, S.; Go, A.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, M. H.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Wu, J. H.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.; Wei, J. T.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Demir, Z.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Nart, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.; Zorbilmez, C.; Guler, A. M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Demir, D.; Gulmez, E.; Halu, A.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozbek, M.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Hansen, M.; Bell, P.; Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Cheng, T. L.; Cussans, D.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Huckvale, B.; Jackson, J.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Smith, V. J.; Ward, S.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Camanzi, B.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Ballin, J.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Teodorescu, L.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Clough, A.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Avetisyan, A.; Chou, J. P.; Cutts, D.; Esen, S.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Borgia, M. A.; Breedon, R.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Cebra, D.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Friis, E.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Liu, H.; Maruyama, S.; Miceli, T.; Nikolic, M.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Schwarz, T.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez; Veelken, C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Wallny, R.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Deisher, A.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Kao, S. C.; Liu, F.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Pasztor, G.; Satpathy, A.; Shen, B. C.; Stringer, R.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Dusinberre, E.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Mangano, B.; Muelmenstaedt, J.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; Witherell, M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Spiropulu, M.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Gataullin, M.; Kcira, D.; Litvine, V.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Shin, K.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, R.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Terentyev, N.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Blekman, F.; Chatterjee, A.; Das, S.; Eggert, N.; Fields, L. J.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Henriksson, K.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Kuznetsov, V.; Liu, Y.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Saelim, M.; Shi, X.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [De Jesus Damiao, D.; Sharma, A.; Banerjee, S.; Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Borcherding, F.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Demarteau, M.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gunthoti, K.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; James, E.; Jensen, H.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Khatiwada, R.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kousouris, K.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Limon, P.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; McCauley, T.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Popescu, S.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Saoulidou, N.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Soha, A.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Kim, B.; Klimenko, S.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kotov, K.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Matchev, K.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Pakhotin, Y.; Petterson, M.; Prescott, C.; Remington, R.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ceron, C.; Gaultney, V.; Kramer, L.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Mesa, D.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Guragain, S.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Ralich, R.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; O'Brien, C.; Silvestre, C.; Smoron, A.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Cankocak, K.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, R.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Radicci, V.; Sanders, S.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Bandurin, D.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.; Wan, Z.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Gomez, G.; Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Eno, S. C.; Ferencek, D.; Hadley, Nj.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Santanastasio, F.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Yang, M.; Li, W.; Wyslouch, B.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Everaerts, R.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Harris, P.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Loizides, C.; Lopez, J.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Wenger, E. A.; Xie, S.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Cole, P.; Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Dudero, P. R.; Franzoni, G.; Haupt, J.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kelly, T.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Lundstedt, C.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Kumar, A.; Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Smith, K.; Zennamo, J.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Boeriu, O.; Chasco, M.; Kaadze, K.; Reucroft, S.; Swain, J.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Kolberg, T.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Gu, J.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hunt, A.; Jones, J.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; Everett, A.; Garfinkel, A. F.; Gecse, Z.; Gutay, L.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Liu, C.; Maroussov, V.; Meier, M.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Potamianos, K.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Sun, H.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jindal, P.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Liu, J. H.; Morales, J.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Flacher, H.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Orbaker, D.; Petrillo, G.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.; Yan, M.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Duggan, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Schnetzer, S.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Asaadi, J.; Eusebi, R.; Gilmore, J.; Gurrola, A.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Nguyen, C. N.; Pivarski, J.; Safonov, A.; Sengupta, S.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.; Weinberger, M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.; Yazgan, E.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Buehler, M.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Patel, T.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Loggins, V.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Bellinger, J. N.; Carlsmith, D.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Gray, L.; Gregerson, A.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Liu, J.; Lomidze, D.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Parker, W.; Reeder, D.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.; Weinberg, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gregores, E. M.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Anagnostou, G.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Mohr, N.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Weber, M.; Wittmer, B.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Bender, W.; Erdmann, M.; Frangenheim, J.; Hebbeker, T.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoepfner, K.; Hof, C.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Magass, C.; Masetti, G.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Davids, M.; Duda, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Giffels, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Heydhausen, D.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Thomas, M.; Tornier, D.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Glushkov, I.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katkov, I.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Mankel, R.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Olzem, J.; Parenti, A.; Raspereza, A.; Raval, A.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Volyanskyy, D.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.; Sen, S.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Gebbert, U.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Klanner, R.; Mura, B.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Schwandt, J.; Srivastava, A. K.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.; Wolf, R.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Bauer, J.; Buege, V.; Chwalek, T.; Daeuwel, D.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heindl, S. M.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th; Neuland, M. B.; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Piparo, D.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Renz, M.; Sabellek, A.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Zeise, M.; Zhukov, V.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Petrakou, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T.; Panagiotou, A.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. 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K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.; Suggisetti, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Guchait, M.; Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Dimitrov, A.; Fedele, F.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pierro, G. A.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Roselli, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Trentadue, R.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Roselli, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Tupputi, S.; Palma, A.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Giunta, M.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Genta, C.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Lenzi, P.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; Cerati, G. B.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, R.; Malberti, M.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Biccoca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; Cerati, G. B.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, R.; Malberti, M.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; De Mattia, M.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Gresele, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Triossi, A.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; De Mattia, M.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Gresele, A.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, R.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Servoli, L.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Costa, S.; Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Marone, M.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Marone, M.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Ambroglini, F.; Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Ambroglini, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Son, D.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, Zero; Kim, J. Y.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Rhee, H. B.; Seo, E.; Shin, S.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Abdel-basit, A.] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Karim, M.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Bergholz, M.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Krajczar, K.; Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Lacaprara, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Bell, A. J.] Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale, Pisa, Italy. 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Bolton, Tim/A-7951-2012; Yang, Fan/B-2755-2012; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Kodolova, Olga/D-7158-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Varela, Joao/K-4829-2016 OI Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Carrera, Edgar/0000-0002-0857-8507; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; MERCIER, Damien/0000-0001-5063-7067; Vieira de Castro Ferreira da Silva, Pedro Manuel/0000-0002-5725-041X; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Ozdemir, Kadri/0000-0002-0103-1488; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Gonzalez Suarez, Rebeca/0000-0002-6126-7230; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Katkov, Igor/0000-0003-3064-0466; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Varela, Joao/0000-0003-2613-3146 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS; MoST; NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences; NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland; ME; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA; NKTH (Hungary); DAE; DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MST; MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN; CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK; TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (USA) FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 39 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 5 BP 424 EP 443 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.058 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 715DB UT WOS:000286859500005 ER PT J AU Wielopolski, L Chatterjee, A Mitra, S Lal, R AF Wielopolski, L. Chatterjee, A. Mitra, S. Lal, R. TI In situ determination of Soil carbon pool by inelastic neutron scattering: Comparison with dry combustion SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Carbon; Sequestration; Non-destructive; Neutrons; Organic soil ID SEQUESTRATION; DESIGN AB There is a well-documented need for new in situ technologies for elemental analysis of soil, particularly for carbon (C), that overcome the limitations of the currently established chemical method by dry combustion (DC). In this work, we evaluated the concordance between the new INS (inelastic neutron scattering) technology and the DC method. The comparisons were carried out in the high C content (30-40%) organic soils of Willard, Ohio (4 sites), in natural forest in Willard, Ohio (1 site), and in a watershed pasture, with a similar to 10 degrees slope, in Coshocton, Ohio (5 sites). In addition to these stationary measurements, the organic soil and the pasture were continuously scanned with the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) system to obtain the transects' mean C value. Both types of measurements, INS and DC, registered a decline in the surface density of C along transects in the watershed and in the organic soil. Similarly, both recorded a drop in C in the organic soil of about 0.16%. In the pastureland, declines in C levels of 0.08% and 0.10% were observed, respectively, by DC and INS. Combining the results from the three sites yielded a very satisfactory correlation between the INS- and DC-responses, with a regression coefficient, r(2), value of about 0.99. This suggests the possibility of establishing a universal regression line for various soil types. In addition, we demonstrated the ability of INS to measure the mean value over transect. In organic soil the mean value of an INS scan agreed, -0.5%, with the mean values of the DC analysis, whereas large discrepancy between these two was recorded in the pastureland. Overall, the various trends observed in C measurements by INS concurred with those determined by the DC method, so enhancing the confidence in the new INS technology. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wielopolski, L.; Mitra, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chatterjee, A.; Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Wielopolski, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lwielo@bnl.gov; forestcarbon@gmail.com; smitra@bnl.gov; lal.1@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013; Chatterjee, Amitava/E-5050-2013 FU BER office of U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; NETL office of U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Authors appreciate the assistance of the following people for their help in preparing and conducting these field measurements: Nicholas Brooks, Basant Rimal of Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, The Ohio State University; Richard Callendar, Herminio Perez of Muck Crops Agricultural Research Station, Willard, OH; and Drs. Lloyd Owen, and Martin J. Shipitalo of USDA North Appalachian Experimental Watershed (NAEW) in Coshocton. The financial support of the BER and NETL offices of U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886 is recognized. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 160 IS 3-4 BP 394 EP 399 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.10.009 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 717UM UT WOS:000287072900014 ER PT J AU Cederberg, JG Overberg, ME AF Cederberg, J. G. Overberg, M. E. TI InP substrate evaluation by MOVPE growth of lattice matched epitaxial layers SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (ICMOVPE-XV) CY MAY 23-28, 2010 CL Incline Village, NV DE Atomic force microscopy; Metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy; Semiconducting III-V materials; Semiconducting indium phosphide ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; PHASE EPITAXY; GAINAS/ALINAS/INP; MORPHOLOGY; SURFACES; BEHAVIOR; QUALITY AB InP substrates form the starting point for a wide variety of semiconductor devices. The surface morphology produced during epitaxy depends critically on the starting substrate. We evaluated (1 0 0)-oriented InP wafers from three different vendors by growing thick (5 mu m) lattice-matched epilayers of InP, Gain As, and AlInAs. We assessed the surfaces with differential interference contrast microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Wafers with near singular (1 0 0) orientations produced inferior surfaces in general. Vicinal substrates with small misorientations improved the epitaxial surface for InP dramatically, reducing the density of macroscopic defects while maintaining a low RMS roughness. GaInAs and AlInAs epitaxy step-bunched forming undulations along the miscut direction. Sulfur-doped wafers were considered for singular (1 0 0) and for 0.2 degrees misorientation toward (1 1 0). We found that mound defects observed for InP and GaInAs layers on iron-doped singular wafers were absent for singular sulfur-doped wafers. These observations support the conclusion that dislocation termination at the surface and expansion of the step spiral lead to the macroscopic defects observed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cederberg, J. G.; Overberg, M. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cederberg, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jgceder@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 315 IS 1 SI SI BP 48 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.08.040 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 724EH UT WOS:000287558400010 ER PT J AU Greaves, GN Wilding, MC Langstaff, D Kargl, F Hennet, L Benmore, CJ Weber, JKR Van, QV Majerus, O McMillan, PF AF Greaves, G. N. Wilding, M. C. Langstaff, D. Kargl, F. Hennet, L. Benmore, C. J. Weber, J. K. R. Van, Q. Vu Majerus, O. McMillan, P. F. TI Composition and polyamorphism in supercooled yttria-alumina melts SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Diffraction and scattering measurements; Supercooled liquids; Glass formation; Phases and equilibria; Structure; Fluctuations; Critical phenomena ID LIQUID PHASE-TRANSITION; GLASS-FORMATION; NEUTRON; DIFFRACTION; OXIDE; PHOSPHORUS; SEPARATION AB By extending recent work on liquid-liquid transitions in supercooled yttria-alumina AYx liquids we draw attention to the compositional dependence of the structure factor of the high density liquid, arguing that this is sufficiently sensitive to discriminate between liquids at the level of a few %. Comparing structure factor differences between liquids of different compositions and in the same liquid AY20 between high and low temperatures straddling the transition at 1788 K between a high density liquid (HDL) and a low density liquid (LDL) enables compositional phase separation to be ruled out. It points instead to kinetic changes in polyhedral configurational order being the drivers for this polyamorphic transformation. Rotor behaviour observed in levitated liquid drops used in the high temperature experiments enables the reversibility of the LLT transition (LLT) and the associated changes in entropy and density to be identified. Evidence for critical-like behaviour in the structural relaxation time and in the fluctuation correlation length is presented. By re-examining recent work which failed to find the structural and thermal signatures for the LLT in liquid AY20 at 1788 K we present evidence for the LLT occurring instead in liquid AY15 at 1940 K, suggesting that the liquid-liquid transition temperature in AYx liquids decreases with increasing yttria content. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Greaves, G. N.; Wilding, M. C.; Langstaff, D.; Kargl, F.; Van, Q. Vu] Aberystwyth Univ, Ctr Adv Funct Mat & Devices, Inst Math & Phys, Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, Dyfed, Wales. [Kargl, F.] Deutches Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Mat Phys Weltrum, D-51170 Cologne, Germany. [Hennet, L.] CNRS CEMHTI, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. [Benmore, C. J.; Weber, J. K. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Weber, J. K. R.] Mat Dev Inc, Arlington Hts, IL 60004 USA. [Majerus, O.] Ecole Natl Super Chim Paris, F-75231 Paris, France. [Greaves, G. N.; McMillan, P. F.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. [Greaves, G. N.; McMillan, P. F.] UCL, Mat Chem Ctr, London WC1H 0AJ, England. RP Greaves, GN (reprint author), Aberystwyth Univ, Ctr Adv Funct Mat & Devices, Inst Math & Phys, Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, Dyfed, Wales. EM gng@aber.ac.uk RI HENNET, Louis/C-1711-2008; OI HENNET, Louis/0000-0002-2992-4800; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 FU Higher Education Funding Council in Wales through the Centre for Advanced Functional Materials and Devices FX We are grateful to W. Bras, C.M. Martin and P. Poole for stimulating discussions, the Science and Technology Facility Council for providing SAXS/WAXS facilities on station 6.2 at the SRS and the Advanced Photon Source for access to high energy X-ray scattering facilities on II-1D-C. We also acknowledge the support of the Higher Education Funding Council in Wales through the Centre for Advanced Functional Materials and Devices. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 357 IS 2 SI SI BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.06.072 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 725JK UT WOS:000287640800034 ER PT J AU Kwon, MJ Yun, ST Doh, SJ Son, BK Choi, K Kim, W AF Kwon, Man-Jae Yun, Seong-Taek Doh, Seong-Jae Son, Byeong-Kook Choi, Kyungsik Kim, Wonnyon TI Metal enrichment and magnetic properties of core sediments from the eastern Yellow Sea, East Asia: Implications for paleo-depositional change during the late Pleistocene/Holocene transition SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID GRAND LAC DANNECY; LATE QUATERNARY; PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; TRACE-METALS; RICH LAYERS; GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; DIAGENETIC FORMATION; HOLOCENE SEDIMENTS AB To investigate the paleo-depositional environments, sediment cores YJI and YJ2 from a tidal flat of the eastern Yellow Sea were analyzed for the vertical variations of metal concentrations, particle size, clay mineralogy, magnetic properties, and total organic carbon content (TOC). Fe (and Mn) concentrations determined by both partial and total acid extraction increased at 15 m depth in YJ1 and 10 m in YJ2. The layer directly below these Fe-rich brownish horizons showed dramatic decreases in clay mineral content and trace metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, and As), but increases in sand fraction, magnetic susceptibility, and TOC. All results were inverse in the upper metal-rich layer. These dramatic changes in multiparameters are likely due to an environmental change during the late Pleistocene/Holocene transition. The rapid environmental change (sand-rich and oxic -> clay-rich and anoxic) resulted in aqueous dissolution of redox-sensitive metals (e.g., Fe and Mn) from the lower sandy layer materials. The dissolved metals diffused upward and concomitantly were immobilized within the upper clay-rich layer. The reprecipitated Fe (or Mn) (hydro)oxides then scavenged trace metals by coprecipitation and/or adsorption. This study suggests that metal distribution patterns can provide new insights into the paleo-depositional processes during the Pleistocene-Holocene period. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. C1 [Kwon, Man-Jae; Yun, Seong-Taek; Doh, Seong-Jae; Kim, Wonnyon] Korea Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Kwon, Man-Jae] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Son, Byeong-Kook] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Taejon 305350, South Korea. [Choi, Kyungsik] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Oceanog, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. RP Yun, ST (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 5 Ga, Seoul 136701, South Korea. EM styun@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Wonnyon/G-7640-2011 FU Environmental Geosphere Research Lab (EGRL) of Korea University FX This study was supported by Environmental Geosphere Research Lab (EGRL) of Korea University. We deeply thank Emeritus Prof. Y.A. Park (Seoul National University) for kindly providing two sediment cores used in this study. Constructive comments and suggestions by Dr. Paul Liu, Dr. Yoshiki Saito, and an anonymous reviewer were helpful to clarify and improve this manuscript. NR 86 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 230 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.027 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 717SF UT WOS:000287067000011 ER PT J AU Lin, YH AF Lin, Yuehe TI Response to "Comments on "Sensitive immunoassays of nitrated fibrinogen in human biofluids" by Tang et al." SO TALANTA LA English DT Letter C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Yuehe.lin@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1064 EP 1064 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.028 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 710XI UT WOS:000286549900052 ER PT J AU Rood, DH Burbank, DW Finkel, RC AF Rood, Dylan H. Burbank, Douglas W. Finkel, Robert C. TI Spatiotemporal patterns of fault slip rates across the Central Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE fault slip rates; surface exposure dating; Be-10; Sierra Nevada; Walker Lane ID CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE; TRANSIENT STRAIN ACCUMULATION; GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH AMERICA MOTION; CENTRAL WALKER LANE; FISH SPRINGS FAULT; OWENS VALLEY FAULT; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; RANGE PROVINCE AB Patterns in fault slip rates through time and space are examined across the transition from the Sierra Nevada to the Eastern California Shear Zone-Walker Lane belt. At each of four sites along the eastern Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone between 38 and 39 degrees N latitude, geomorphic markers, such as glacial moraines and outwash terraces, are displaced by a suite of range-front normal faults. Using geomorphic mapping, surveying, and Be-10 surface exposure dating, mean fault slip rates are defined, and by utilizing markers of different ages (generally, similar to 20 ka and similar to 150 ka), rates through time and interactions among multiple faults are examined over 10(4)-10(5) year timescales. At each site for which data are available for the last similar to 150 ky, mean slip rates across the Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone have probably not varied by more than a factor of two over time spans equal to half of the total time interval (similar to 20 ky and similar to 150 ky timescales): 03 +/- 0.1 mm year(-1) (mode and 95% CI) at both Buckeye Creek in the Bridgeport basin and Sonora Junction; and 0.4 + 03/-0.1 mm year(-1) along the West Fork of the Carson River at Woodfords. Data permit rates that are relatively constant over the time scales examined. In contrast, slip rates are highly variable in space over the last similar to 20 ky. Slip rates decrease by a factor of 3-5 northward over a distance of similar to 20 km between the northern Mono Basin (1.3 + 0.61-03 mm year(-1) at Lundy Canyon site) to the Bridgeport Basin (03 +/- 0.1 mm year(-1)). The 3-fold decrease in the slip rate on the Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone northward from Mono Basin is indicative of a change in the character of faulting north of the Mina Deflection as extension is transferred eastward onto normal faults between the Sierra Nevada and Walker Lane belt. A compilation of regional deformation rates reveals that the spatial pattern of extension rates changes along strike of the Eastern California Shear Zone-Walker Lane belt South of the Mina Deflection, extension is accommodated within a diffuse zone of normal and oblique faults, with extension rates increasing northward on the Fish Lake Valley fault Where faults of the Eastern California Shear Zone terminate northward into the Mina Deflection, extension rates increase northward along the Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone to similar to 0.7 mm year(-1) in northern Mono Basin. This spatial pattern suggests that extension is transferred from more easterly fault systems, e.g., Fish Lake Valley fault, and localized on the Sierra Nevada frontal fault zone as the Eastern California Shear Zone-Walker Lane belt faulting is transferred through the Mina Deflection. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rood, Dylan H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Rood, Dylan H.; Burbank, Douglas W.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Finkel, Robert C.] CEREGE, Aix En Provence, France. [Finkel, Robert C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rood, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rood5@llnl.gov FU LLNL; GSA; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Lewis Owen and Steve Wesnousky for constructive reviews of the manuscript. Phil Gans and Bodo Bookhagen provided useful comments on an early draft. We also thank Scott Herman, Colin Amos, Steve DeOreo, Willy Amidon, Adam Avakian, Matt Purvance, Alan Ramelli, and Daisy Rood for assistance in the field. We are grateful to Alan Ramelli for providing the total station survey data at Woodfords. Special thanks to Malcolm Clark, Angela Jayko, Doug Clark, Bob Curry, and Burt Slemmons for all their help and insights concerning the Quaternary of the Sierra Nevada. DR is grateful for the mentorship of Tom Brown and Tom Guilderson at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) during 10Be measurements. Funding was provided by a LLNL Lawrence Scholar Program (LSP) Fellowship and a GSA Graduate Student Research Grant (to DR). This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 81 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 301 IS 3-4 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.006 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 717TL UT WOS:000287070200005 ER PT J AU Dinh, LN Haschke, JM Saw, CK Allen, PG McLean, W AF Dinh, L. N. Haschke, J. M. Saw, C. K. Allen, P. G. McLean, W., II TI Pu2O3 and the plutonium hydriding process SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN; DIFFUSION; OXIDATION; MONOXIDE; KINETICS AB The role of cubic Pu2O3 in the corrosion of PuO2-coated Pu by H-2 was investigated. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate that nucleation of hydriding is promoted by formation of Pu2O3 sites in the oxide layer. The nucleation mechanism based on diffusion of hydrogen through the PuO2 layer was evaluated and an alternative mechanism based on formation of catalytic Pu2O3 sites via the Pu-PuO2 reaction is proposed. The possibility of active participation of other impurities and inclusions in the dioxide is also discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dinh, L. N.; Haschke, J. M.; Saw, C. K.; Allen, P. G.; McLean, W., II] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dinh, LN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,Mail Stop L091, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Dinh1@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The very helpful and instructive discussion with Dr. W.J. Siekhaus is greatly appreciated. This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 408 IS 2 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.026 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 714DW UT WOS:000286788700006 ER PT J AU Taylor, CD AF Taylor, Christopher D. TI Surface segregation and adsorption effects of iron-technetium alloys from first-principles SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-ADSORPTION; TRANSITION; WATER; DISSOLUTION; MICROSCOPY; INTERFACE; OXIDATION; ELECTRODE; METALS AB Surface properties of Tc-rich and Fe-rich portions of the Tc-Fe binary alloy phase diagram were computed in this work on the basis of density functional theory. Tc and Fe were found to have minimal degrees of mixing in the parent phases, consistent with the experimentally derived phase diagram. The influence of oxygen on surface phase stability was also studied, with no significant impact on surface segregation or degree of surface mixing. Oxygen adsorption was shown to change the ordering of surface facets in Tc, such that the pyramidal phase becomes lower in energy than the prismatic phase, even with low coverage of oxygen. No evidence for increased surface segregation upon oxidation was found for the solid-solution phases. A potential pH surface Pourbaix diagram was derived for Tc and H, OH and 0 adsorbed sub-monolayers were shown to be precursors to oxide formation. While Tc and Fe have similar reactivities and properties in their parent phases, and hence, also in solid-solution, the properties of the intermetallic are expected to be significantly different due to the size-mismatch between the elements. (C) 2010 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Taylor, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cdtaylor@lanl.gov FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; US Department of Energy [AC52-06NA25396] FX Drs. Dave Kolman, Gordon Jarvinen, Dave Moore, and Scott Lillard at Los Alamos National Laboratory are acknowledged for helpful discussions and support. We acknowledge the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy for financial support of this research under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Institutional Computing Resources at Los Alamos National Laboratory are also acknowledged. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 408 IS 2 BP 183 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.032 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 714DW UT WOS:000286788700008 ER PT J AU Usov, IO Won, J Devlin, DJ Jiang, YB Valdez, JA Sickafus, KE AF Usov, I. O. Won, J. Devlin, D. J. Jiang, Y. -B. Valdez, J. A. Sickafus, K. E. TI A novel method for incorporating fission gas elements into solids SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ION-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; FILMS; FUEL AB A novel method for the fabrication of test samples for fission gas behavior studies is described. We applied the technique of ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) as a means to introduce Xe atoms into alumina (Al(2)O(3)) films. We then investigated the redistribution of Xe atoms and microstructural evolution induced by annealing. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that the microstructure of our Al(2)O(3)-Xe IBAD films resemble characteristic microstructural features associated with fission gas accumulation in reactor-irradiated nuclear fuels. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Usov, I. O.; Won, J.; Devlin, D. J.; Valdez, J. A.; Sickafus, K. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Jiang, Y. -B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Usov, IO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM iusov@lanl.gov OI won, Jonghan/0000-0002-7612-1322 FU US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering and by a Los Alamos National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Grant. RBS analysis was performed at the Ion Beam Materials Laboratory (IBML) at Los Alamos National Laboratory and HADDF/STEM observation was performed at the University of New Mexico (UNM). The authors would like to thank J. Tesmer, R. Greco and Y. Wang from the IBML facility, and Ying-Bing Jiang from UNM for their technical assistance. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 408 IS 2 BP 205 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.008 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 714DW UT WOS:000286788700012 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Wesolowski, DJ Rosenqvist, J Brantley, SL Mueller, KT AF Davis, Michael C. Wesolowski, David J. Rosenqvist, Joergen Brantley, Susan L. Mueller, Karl T. TI Solubility and near-equilibrium dissolution rates of quartz in dilute NaCl solutions at 398-473 K under alkaline conditions SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SOLUBILITY; IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS; PRECIPITATION KINETICS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; IONIC-STRENGTH; ORGANIC-ACIDS; PH; 25-DEGREES-C; MODEL AB The dissolution precipitation of quartz controls porosity and permeability in many lithologies and may be the best studied mineral-water reaction. However, the rate of quartz-water reaction is relatively well characterized far from equilibrium but relatively unexplored near equilibrium. We present kinetic data for quartz as equilibrium is approached from undersaturation and more limited data on the approach from supersaturated conditions in 0.1 molal NaCl + NaOH + NaSiO(OH)(3) solutions with pH 8.2-9.7 at 398, 423, 448, and 473 K. We employed a potentiometric technique that allows precise determination of solution speciation within 2 kJ mol(-1) of equilibrium without the need for to perturb the system through physical sampling and chemical analysis. Slightly higher equilibrium solubilities between 423 and 473 K were found than reported in recent compilations. Apparent activation energies of 29 and 37 kJ mol(-1) are inferred for rates of dissolution at two surface sites with different values of connectedness: dissolution at Q(1) or Q(2) silicon sites, respectively. The dissolution mechanism varies with Delta G such that reactions at both sites control dissolution up until a critical free energy value above which only reactions at Q(1) sites are important. When our near-equilibrium dissolution rates are extrapolated far from equilibrium, they agree within propagated uncertainty at 398 K with a recently published model by Bickmore et al. (2008). However, our extrapolated rates become progressively slower than model predictions with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we see no dependence of the postulated Q(1) reaction rate on pH, and a poorly-constrained pH dependence of the postulated Q(2) rate. Our slow extrapolated rates are presumably related to the increasing contribution of dissolution at Q(3) sites far from equilibrium. The use of the potentiometric technique for rate measurement will yield both rate data and insights into the mechanisms of dissolution over a range of chemical affinity. Such measurements are needed to model the evolution of many natural systems quantitatively. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Davis, Michael C.; Mueller, Karl T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wesolowski, David J.; Rosenqvist, Joergen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brantley, Susan L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mueller, KT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ktm2@psu.edu RI Mueller, Karl/A-3637-2010 FU Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute at Penn State; Center for Environmental Kinetics Analysis [NSF CHE-0431328]; DOE [DE-FG02-05ER15675]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0535656]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [ERKCC72]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX M.C.D., S.L.B., and K.T.M. acknowledge funding through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute at Penn State, the Center for Environmental Kinetics Analysis (NSF CHE-0431328). S.L.B. also acknowledges funding from DOE DE-FG02-05ER15675 while K.T.M. also acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation through Grant CHE-0535656. D.J.W. and J.R. acknowledge the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy through Grant #ERKCC72 to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 75 IS 2 BP 401 EP 415 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.10.023 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 708GF UT WOS:000286349600005 ER PT J AU Xiao, JF Zhuang, QL Law, BE Baldocchi, DD Chen, JQ Richardson, AD Melillo, JM Davis, KJ Hollinger, DY Wharton, S Oren, R Noormets, A Fischer, ML Verma, SB Cook, DR Sun, G McNulty, S Wofsy, SC Bolstad, PV Burns, SP Curtis, PS Drake, BG Falk, M Foster, DR Gu, LH Hadley, JL Katulk, GG Litvak, M Ma, SY Martinz, TA Matamala, R Meyers, TP Monson, RK Munger, JW Oechel, WC Paw, UKT Schmid, HP Scott, RL Starr, G Suyker, AE Torn, MS AF Xiao, Jingfeng Zhuang, Qianlai Law, Beverly E. Baldocchi, Dennis D. Chen, Jiquan Richardson, Andrew D. Melillo, Jerry M. Davis, Kenneth J. Hollinger, David Y. Wharton, Sonia Oren, Ram Noormets, Asko Fischer, Marc L. Verma, Shashi B. Cook, David R. Sun, Ge McNulty, Steve Wofsy, Steven C. Bolstad, Paul V. Burns, Sean P. Curtis, Peter S. Drake, Bert G. Falk, Matthias Foster, David R. Gu, Lianhong Hadley, Julian L. Katulk, Gabriel G. Litvak, Marcy Ma, Siyan Martinz, Timothy A. Matamala, Roser Meyers, Tilden P. Monson, Russell K. Munger, J. William Oechel, Walter C. Paw, U. Kyaw Tha Schmid, Hans Peter Scott, Russell L. Starr, Gregory Suyker, Andrew E. Torn, Margaret S. TI Assessing net ecosystem carbon exchange of U.S. terrestrial ecosystems by integrating eddy covariance flux measurements and satellite observations SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Net ecosystem carbon exchange; Eddy covariance; MODIS; Carbon sink; U S; Interannual variability; Drought; Disturbance ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SOIL RESPIRATION; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WATER-VAPOR; FORESTS; MODIS; VEGETATION; CO2; DISTURBANCE AB More accurate projections of future carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and associated climate change depend on improved scientific understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Despite the consensus that U.S. terrestrial ecosystems provide a carbon sink, the size, distribution, and interannual variability of this sink remain uncertain. Here we report a terrestrial carbon sink in the conterminous U.S. at 0.63 pg C yr(-1) with the majority of the sink in regions dominated by evergreen and deciduous forests and savannas. This estimate is based on our continuous estimates of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) with high spatial (1 km) and temporal (8-day) resolutions derived from NEE measurements from eddy covariance flux towers and wall-to-wall satellite observations from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We find that the U.S. terrestrial ecosystems could offset a maximum of 40% of the fossil-fuel carbon emissions Our results show that the U.S. terrestrial carbon sink varied between 0.51 and 0.70 pg C yr(-1) over the period 2001-2006. The dominant sources of interannual variation of the carbon sink Included extreme climate events and disturbances. Droughts in 2002 and 2006 reduced the U.S. carbon sink by similar to 20% relative to a normal year. Disturbances including wildfires and hurricanes reduced carbon uptake or resulted in carbon release at regional scales. Our results provide an alternative, independent, and novel constraint to the U.S. terrestrial carbon sink. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Zhuang, Qianlai] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Purdue Climate Change Res Ctr, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Law, Beverly E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Ma, Siyan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Melillo, Jerry M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Davis, Kenneth J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Wharton, Sonia; Falk, Matthias; Paw, U. Kyaw Tha] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Oren, Ram; Katulk, Gabriel G.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, So Global Change Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fischer, Marc L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Dept Atmospher Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Verma, Shashi B.; Suyker, Andrew E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cook, David R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steve] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bolstad, Paul V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Burns, Sean P.; Monson, Russell K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Curtis, Peter S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Drake, Bert G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Foster, David R.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Foster, David R.; Hadley, Julian L.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [Litvak, Marcy] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Martinz, Timothy A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Matamala, Roser] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Meyers, Tilden P.] NOAA ARL, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Oechel, Walter C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Schmid, Hans Peter] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Schmid, Hans Peter] Res Ctr Karlsruhe FZK IMK IFU, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Starr, Gregory] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Torn, Margaret S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xiao, JF (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RI Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; Oechel, Walter/F-9361-2010; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Zhuang, Qianlai/A-5670-2009; Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Schmid, Hans Peter/I-1224-2012; Munger, J/H-4502-2013 OI Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; Martin, Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194; Oechel, Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X; Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838; Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466; Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452 FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Department of Energy (DOE) FX This study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy (DOE) We thank the principal investigators and contributors of the MODIS data products the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DACCC) and the Earth Observing System (EOS) Data Gateway for making these MODIS data products available The Level I Ecoregions map of North America was obtained from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the Biscuit fire severity data from J Thompson Harvard University and the PRISM climate database from the PRISM Group Oregon State University Computing support was provided by the Rosen Center for Advanced Computing Purdue University We also thank anonymous reviewers and Dr Anne Verhoef for their valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript [The EC-MOD dataset is available upon request] NR 54 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 151 IS 1 BP 60 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.09.002 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 694UV UT WOS:000285325400006 ER PT J AU Walworth, MJ Stankovich, JJ Van Berkel, GJ Schulz, M Minarik, S Nichols, J Reich, E AF Walworth, Matthew J. Stankovich, Joseph J. Van Berkel, Gary J. Schulz, Michael Minarik, Susanne Nichols, Judy Reich, Eike TI Hydrophobic Treatment Enabling Analysis of Wettable Surfaces Using a Liquid Microjunction Surface Sampling Probe/Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry System SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THIN-LAYER-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRYPTIC PROTEIN DIGESTS; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; PROBE; SEPARATIONS; DEVICE; MS AB An aerosol application procedure involving one or more commercially available silicone-based products was developed to create hydrophobic surfaces that enable analysis of otherwise wettable, absorbent surfaces using a liquid microjunction surface sampling probe/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system. The treatment process resulted in a hydrophobic surface that enabled formation of the requisite probe-to-surface liquid microjunction for sampling and allowed efficient extraction of the analytes from the surface, but did not contribute significant chemical background in the mass spectra. The utility of this treatment process was demonstrated with the treatment of wettable high-performance thin layer chromatography plates, post-plate development, and their subsequent analysis with the sampling probe. The surface treatment process for different surface types was described and explained and the effectiveness of the treatment and subsequent analysis was illustrated using alkaloids from goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) root separated on a normal phase silica gel 60 F(254S) plate and peptides from protein tryptic digests separated on a ProteoChrom HPTLC Silica gel 60 F254S plate and a ProteoChrom HPTLC Cellulose sheet. This simple surface treatment process significantly expands the analytical surfaces that can be analyzed with the liquid microjunction surface sampling probe, and therefore, also expands the analytical utility of this liquid extraction based surface sampling approach. C1 [Walworth, Matthew J.; Stankovich, Joseph J.; Van Berkel, Gary J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Walworth, Matthew J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schulz, Michael; Minarik, Susanne] Merck KGaA, Thin Layer Chromatog Lab, Performance & Life Sci Chem, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany. [Nichols, Judy] CAMAG Sci Inc, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Reich, Eike] CAMAG Lab, Muttenz, Switzerland. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgj@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23100, DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge Associated Universities [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy; Battelle Memorial Institute Technology FX J.J.S. acknowledges an appointment to the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) and the Higher Education Research Experience (HERE) programs, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education under contract no. DE-AC05-06OR23100 between the U.S. Department of Energy and Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Fundamental studies and implementation of the surface treatment process to enable sampling from wettable surfaces with the LMJ-SSP was funded by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. Funding for demonstrations of the particular applications was provided by the Battelle Memorial Institute Technology Maturation Fund. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 BP 591 EP 597 DI 10.1021/ac102634e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 705LL UT WOS:000286129800018 PM 21158402 ER PT J AU Ovchinnikova, OS Kertesz, V Van Berkel, GJ AF Ovchinnikova, Olga S. Kertesz, Vilmos Van Berkel, Gary J. TI Molecular Surface Sampling and Chemical Imaging using Proximal Probe Thermal Desorption/Secondary Ionization Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABLATION ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; THIN-LAYER-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; DESI AB Proximal probe thermal desorption/secondary ionization mass spectrometry was studied and applied to molecular surface sampling and chemical imaging using printed patterns on photopaper as test substrates. With the use of a circular cross section proximal probe with a tip diameter of 50 mu m and fixed temperature (350 degrees C), the influence of probe-to-surface distance, lane scan spacing, and surface scan speed on signal quality and spatial resolution were studied and optimized. As a compromise between signal amplitude, signal reproducibility, and data acquisition time, a surface scan speed of 100 mu m/s, probe-to-paper surface distance of 5 mu m, and lane spacing of 10 mu m were used for imaging. Under those conditions the proximal probe thermal desorption/secondary ionization mass spectrometry method was able to achieve a spatial resolution of about 50 mu m as determined by the ability to distinguish surface patterns of known dimensions that were printed on the paper substrate. It is expected that spatial resolution and chemical image quality could be further improved by using probes of smaller cross section size and by incorporating a means to maintain a fixed optimal probe-to-surface distance real time, continuously adapting to the changing topography of the surface during a lane scan. C1 [Ovchinnikova, Olga S.; Kertesz, Vilmos; Van Berkel, Gary J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ovchinnikova, Olga S.; Van Berkel, Gary J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgj@ornl.gov RI Kertesz, Vilmos/M-8357-2016 OI Kertesz, Vilmos/0000-0003-0186-5797 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Michael Balogh at Waters Corporation is thanked for the loan of the TQD mass spectrometer as part of a Beta Test agreement. Leslie Wilson is thanked for running the SEM as well as for help with operating the profilometer. This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 BP 598 EP 603 DI 10.1021/ac102766w PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 705LL UT WOS:000286129800019 PM 21158396 ER PT J AU Salazar-Villalpando, MD Miller, AC AF Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D. Miller, Adam C. TI Hydrogen production by methane decomposition and catalytic partial oxidation of methane over Pt/CexGd1 (-) O-x(2) and Pt/CexZr1 (-) O-x(2) SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Partial oxidation of methane; Zirconia doped ceria; Hydrogen production; Methane decomposition; Gadolinium doped ceria ID OXYGEN STORAGE CAPACITY; TRIVALENT DOPANTS; SYNTHESIS GAS; CERIUM OXIDE; REDOX; TRANSPORT; CEO2; CONDUCTIVITY; SYNGAS; RH AB Hydrogen production by methane decomposition and catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOM) over Pt/(Ce0.91Gd0.09)O-2 (-) (x) and Pr/(Ce0.56Zr0.44)O2 - x were studied. Results show that during the methane decomposition tests, in the absence of gaseous oxygen, hydrogen and CO were the main products and very small quantities of CO2 were recorded. The generation of these products lasted for about 2 h, indicating that in the catalytic stability of these materials, the carrier plays an important factor. The addition of Gd and Zr cations to ceria had a positive effect on the catalysts stability. Regarding the catalytic partial oxidation of methane, a stable hydrogen production was recorded for 20 h. Here, it is proposed that the formation of a Pt-O-Ce bond causes high stability of Pt in Ce-containing supports under oxidizing conditions at high temperatures because this bond may act as an anchor, inhibiting the sintering of Pt. The deposited carbon during the catalytic tests was oxidized and the CO2 profiles showed a sharper peak appearing at a lower temperature and a broader peak at the higher temperature. The first peak may correspond to the oxidation of coke on and in the vicinity of the metal and the second CO2 peak may represent the coke on the carrier. The CPOM as a function of O/C ratio was studied. It was observed that the catalyst with a higher ionic conductivity, Pt/(Ce0.91Gd0.09)O-2 (-) (x), generated a lower amount of deposited carbon. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D.] USDA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Miller, Adam C.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Salazar-Villalpando, MD (reprint author), USDA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM maria.salazar@netl.doe.gov NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 EI 1873-3212 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 166 IS 2 BP 738 EP 743 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2010.11.076 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 718FP UT WOS:000287106800035 ER PT J AU Hebert, KR Ai, JH Stafford, GR Ho, KM Wang, CZ AF Hebert, K. R. Ai, J. H. Stafford, G. R. Ho, K. M. Wang, C. Z. TI Vacancy defects in aluminum formed during aqueous dissolution SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International-Society-of-Electrochemistry Spring Meeting CY MAY 02-05, 2010 CL Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH SP Int Soc Electrochem HO Ohio State Univ DE Hydrogen absorption; Aluminum; Corrosion; Vacancies; Stress measurement ID WEBER THIN-FILMS; IN-SITU STRESS; ALKALINE-SOLUTIONS; (111)-TEXTURED AU; HYDROGEN; CORROSION; EQUILIBRIUM; DIFFUSION; EVOLUTION; HYDRIDE AB Aqueous dissolution of aluminum is accompanied by extensive absorption of hydrogen, along with formation of hydride and voids. We used in situ stress measurements to discriminate between absorption mechanisms leading to either interstitial or vacancy defects, and to relate defect formation to surface chemistry. Large tensile shifts of the stress-thickness product, approaching 35 N/m, were found during the initial exposure of Al thin films to aqueous NaOH solutions at pH 12-13. The time dependence of the stress-thickness product correlated with mass of metal dissolved, as determined with the quartz crystal microbalance. The observed relationship between stress and mass change was consistent with a significant fraction of dissolved Al atoms forming vacancies or vacancy-hydrogen defects. Electrochemical potential transients indicated that the onset of the tensile stress change corresponds to the presence of aluminum hydride at the metal surface. We propose mechanisms in which vacancy-hydrogen defects form either due to hydride, or because of the elevated hydrogen chemical potential at the Al surface. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hebert, K. R.; Ai, J. H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stafford, G. R.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Ho, K. M.; Wang, C. Z.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ho, K. M.; Wang, C. Z.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hebert, KR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM krhebert@iastate.edu NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 56 IS 4 SI SI BP 1806 EP 1809 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.08.052 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 729LP UT WOS:000287951600016 ER PT J AU Kaplan, DI Roberts, KA Schwehr, KA Lilley, MS Brinkmeyer, R Denham, ME Diprete, D Li, HP Powell, BA Xu, C Yeager, CM Zhang, SJ Santschi, PH AF Kaplan, Daniel I. Roberts, Kimberly A. Schwehr, Kathy A. Lilley, Michael S. Brinkmeyer, Robin Denham, Miles E. Diprete, David Li, Hsiu-Ping Powell, Brian A. Xu, Chen Yeager, Chris M. Zhang, Saijin Santschi, Peter H. TI Evaluation of a Radioiodine Plume Increasing in Concentration at the Savannah River Site SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IODINE; SEDIMENTS; SORPTION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; IODATE; WATER; SOIL AB Field and laboratory studies were carried out to understand the cause for steady increases in (129)I concentrations emanating from radiological basins located on the Savannah River Site, South Carolina. The basins were closed in 1988 by adding limestone and slag and then capping with a low permeability engineered cover. Groundwater (129)I concentrations in a well near the basins in 1993 were 200 pCi L(-1) and are presently between 400 and 1000 pCi L(-1). Iodine speciation in the plume contained wide ranges of iodide, iodate, and organo-iodine concentrations. First-order calculations based on a basin sediment desorption study indicate that the modest increase of 0.7 pH units detected in the study site groundwater over the last 17 years since closure of the basins may be sufficient to produce the observed increased groundwater (129)I concentrations near the basins. Groundwater monitoring of the plume at the basins has shown that the migration of many of the high risk radionuclides originally present at this complex site has been attenuated. However, (129)I continues to leave the source at a rate that may have been exacerbated by the initial remediation efforts. This study underscores the importance of identifying the appropriate in situ stabilization technologies for all source contaminants, especially if their geochemical behaviors differ. C1 [Kaplan, Daniel I.; Roberts, Kimberly A.; Denham, Miles E.; Diprete, David; Yeager, Chris M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Schwehr, Kathy A.; Brinkmeyer, Robin; Li, Hsiu-Ping; Xu, Chen; Zhang, Saijin; Santschi, Peter H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Lab Environm & Oceanog Res, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. [Lilley, Michael S.; Powell, Brian A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. RP Kaplan, DI (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM daniel.kaplan@srnl.doe.gov RI Powell, Brian /C-7640-2011; Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012; zhang, saijin/A-4986-2013 OI Powell, Brian /0000-0003-0423-0180; FU Climate and Environmental Sciences Division in the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64567, DE-PS02-07ER07-18]; NSF [EAR 0538074]; Texas Institute of Oceanography; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-96SR18500] FX This work was, in part, supported by Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research Program, (SBR), which is within the Climate and Environmental Sciences Division in the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Grants DE-FG02-08ER64567 and DE-PS02-07ER07-18, the NSF (EAR 0538074), and in part by the Texas Institute of Oceanography. Work was conducted at the Savannah River National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract DE-AC09-96SR18500. NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 489 EP 495 DI 10.1021/es103314n PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 704YB UT WOS:000286090500025 PM 21138294 ER PT J AU Raddatz, AL Johnson, TM McLing, TL AF Raddatz, Amanda L. Johnson, Thomas M. McLing, Travis L. TI Cr Stable Isotopes in Snake River Plain Aquifer Groundwater: Evidence for Natural Reduction of Dissolved Cr(VI) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHROMIUM ISOTOPES; CHROMATE REDUCTION; FRACTIONATION AB At Idaho National Laboratory, Cr(VI) concentrations in a groundwater plume once exceeded regulatory limits in some monitoring wells but have generally decreased over time. This study used Cr stable isotope measurements to determine if part of this decrease resulted from removal of Cr(VI) via reduction to insoluble Cr(III). Although waters in the study area contain dissolved oxygen, the basalt host rock contains abundant Fe(II) and may contain reducing microenvironments or aerobic microbes that reduce Cr(VI). In some contaminated locations,(53)Cr/(52)Cr ratios are close to that of the contaminant source, indicating a lack of Cr(VI) reduction. In other locations, ratios are elevated. Part of this shift may be caused by mixing with natural background Cr(VI), which is present at low concentrations but in some locations has elevated (53)Cr/(52)Cr. Some contaminated wells have (53)Cr/(52)Cr ratios greater than the maximum attainable by mixing between the inferred contaminant and the range of natural background observed in several uncontaminated wells, suggesting that Cr(VI) reduction has occurred. Definitive proof of reduction would require additional evidence. Depth profiles of (53)Cr/(52)Cr suggest that reduction occurs immediately below the water table, where basalts are likely least weathered and most reactive, and is weak or nonexistent at greater depth. C1 [Raddatz, Amanda L.; Johnson, Thomas M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [McLing, Travis L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Johnson, TM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, 208 Nat Hist Bldg,1301 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM tmjohnsn@illinois.edu RI Johnson, Thomas/A-2740-2008 OI Johnson, Thomas/0000-0003-1620-1408 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64405]; National Science Foundation [EAR 0732481] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER64405 and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR 0732481. Suggestions from three anonymous reviewers improved the quality of this paper. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 502 EP 507 DI 10.1021/es102000z PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 704YB UT WOS:000286090500027 PM 21121656 ER PT J AU Fletcher, KE Costanza, J Cruz-Garcia, C Ramaswamy, NS Pennell, KD Loffler, FE AF Fletcher, Kelly E. Costanza, Jed Cruz-Garcia, Claribel Ramaswamy, Nivedhya S. Pennell, Kurt D. Loeffler, Frank E. TI Effects of Elevated Temperature on Dehalococcoides Dechlorination Performance and DNA and RNA Biomarker Abundance SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REDUCTIVE DEHALOGENASE GENES; ANAEROBIC ENRICHMENT CULTURE; VINYL-CHLORIDE REDUCTASE; TCE-CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; REAL-TIME PCR; SP STRAIN; DEHALOBACTER-RESTRICTUS; GEOBACTER-LOVLEYI; THERMAL-TREATMENT; SP-NOV AB Coupling thermal treatment with microbial reductive dechlorination is a promising remedy for tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (ICE) contaminated source zones. Laboratory experiments evaluated Dehalococcoides (Dhc) dechlorination performance, viability, and biomarker gene (DNA) and transcript (mRNA) abundances during exposure to elevated temperatures. The PCE-dechlorinating consortia BDI and OW produced ethene when incubated at temperatures of 30 degrees C, but vinyl chloride (VC) accumulated when cultures were incubated at 35 or 40 degrees C. Cultures incubated at 40 degrees C for less than 49 days resumed VC dechlorination following cooling; however, incubation at 45 degrees C resulted in complete loss of dechlorination activity. Dhc 16S rRNA, bvcA, and vcrA gene abundances in cultures showing complete dechlorination to ethene at 30 degrees C exceeded those measured in cultures incubated at higher temperatures, consistent with observed dechlorination activities. Conversely, biomarker gene transcript abundances per cell in cultures incubated at 35 and 40 degrees C were generally at least one order-of-magnitude greater than those measured in ethene-producing cultures incubated at 30 degrees C. Even in cultures accumulating VC, transcription of the vcrA gene, which is implicated in VC-to-ethene dechlorination, was up-regulated. Temperature stress caused the up-regulation of Dhc reductive dehalogenase gene expression indicating that Dhc gene expression measurements should be interpreted cautiously as Dhc biomarker gene transcript abundances may not correlate with dechlorination activity. C1 [Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fletcher, Kelly E.; Costanza, Jed; Cruz-Garcia, Claribel; Ramaswamy, Nivedhya S.; Loeffler, Frank E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fletcher, Kelly E.; Costanza, Jed; Cruz-Garcia, Claribel; Ramaswamy, Nivedhya S.; Loeffler, Frank E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pennell, Kurt D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Loffler, FE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, M409 Walters Life Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM frank.loeffler@utk.edu RI Pennell, Kurt/F-6862-2010; Loeffler, Frank/M-8216-2013 OI Pennell, Kurt/0000-0002-5788-6397; FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [W912HQ-05-C-008, ER-1419, W912HQ-07-C-0036, ER-1586]; NSF IGERT; NSF FX We thank Benjamin K. Amos for helpful discussions. Support for this research was provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under contracts W912HQ-05-C-008 (Project ER-1419) and W912HQ-07-C-0036 (project ER-1586). K.E.F. acknowledges support through NSF IGERT and NSF graduate research fellowships. NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 712 EP 718 DI 10.1021/es1023477 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 704YB UT WOS:000286090500058 PM 21126083 ER PT J AU Qin, L Nittler, LR Alexander, CMO Wang, J Stadermann, FJ Carlson, RW AF Qin, L. Nittler, L. R. Alexander, C. M. O'D. Wang, J. Stadermann, F. J. Carlson, R. W. TI Extreme Cr-54-rich nano-oxides in the CI chondrite Orgueil - Implication for a late supernova injection into the solar system SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID RED GIANT STARS; CHROMIUM ISOTOPIC ANOMALIES; NEARBY PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; SHORT-LIVED RADIOISOTOPES; STABLE OXYGEN ISOTOPES; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; SILICATE GRAINS; MN-53-CR-53 SYSTEMATICS; PLANETESIMAL FORMATION; INTERPLANETARY DUST AB Systematic variations in Cr-54/Cr-52 ratios between meteorite classes (Trinquier et al., 2007; Qin et al., 2010a) point to large scale spatial and/or temporal isotopic heterogeneity in the solar protoplanetary disk. Two explanations for these variations have been proposed, with important implications for the formation of the Solar System: heterogeneous seeding of the disk with dust from a supernova, or energetic-particle irradiation of dust in the disk. The key to differentiating between them is identification of the carrier(s) of the Cr-54 anomalies. Here we report the results of our recent NanoSIMS imaging search for the Cr-54-rich carrier in the acid-resistant residue of the CI chondrite Orgueil. A total of 10 regions with extreme Cr-54-excesses (delta Cr-54 values up to 1500 parts per thousand) were found. Comparison between SEM, Auger and NanoSIMS analyses showed that these Cr-54-rich regions are associated with one or more sub-micron (typically less than 200 nm) Cr oxide grains, most likely spinels. Because the size of the NanoSIMS primary O- ion beam is larger than the typical grain size on the sample mount, the measured anomalies are lower limits, and we estimate that the actual Cr-54 enrichments in three grains are at least 11 times Solar and in one of these may be as high as 50 times Solar. Such compositions strongly favor a Type II supernova origin. The variability in bulk Cr-54/Cr-52 between meteorite classes argues for a heterogeneous distribution of the Cr-54 carrier in the solar protoplanetary disk following a late supernova injection event. Such a scenario is also supported by the O-isotopic distribution and variable abundances in different planetary materials of other presolar oxide and silicate grains from supernovae. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qin, L.; Nittler, L. R.; Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Wang, J.; Carlson, R. W.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Stadermann, F. J.] Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Stadermann, F. J.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Qin, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, 1 Cyclotron RD,MS 70A4418, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lqin@lbl.gov RI Alexander, Conel/N-7533-2013; Wang, Jianhua/D-6500-2011 OI Alexander, Conel/0000-0002-8558-1427; Wang, Jianhua/0000-0002-7671-2413 FU Carnegie Institution of Washington; NASA [NNX08AH65G, NNX07AJ71G] FX We thank Nicholas Moskovitz for discussions, M.-C. Liu for help with the instruments, and Stan Woosley and Alex Heger for providing supernova yields in digital form. Comments from Jamie Gilmour, Alex Shukolyukov and an anonymous reviewer are greatly appreciated. Qin acknowledges support in the form of a postdoctoral fellowship from Carnegie Institution of Washington. This work was supported by NASA Cosmochemistry Grants NNX08AH65G and NNX07AJ71G. NR 80 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 75 IS 2 BP 629 EP 644 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.10.017 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 708GF UT WOS:000286349600020 ER PT J AU Evans, RD Shiller, PJ Howe, JY AF Evans, R. D. Shiller, P. J. Howe, J. Y. TI Adhesion of tungsten carbide reinforced amorphous hydrocarbon thin films (WC/a-C:H) to steel substrates for tribological applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; C-H; COATINGS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB We have explored the adhesive interlayer structure for a tungsten carbide reinforced amorphous hydrocarbon thin film coating (WC/a-C:H) that demonstrated excellent coating adhesion under highly stressed tribological contact. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis including cross-sectional imaging, electron diffraction, and energy dispersive spectroscopy was performed on abrupt and gradient interfaces within the multilayer film architecture. Interpretation of these results is aided by quantum mechanical calculations that were performed to investigate bonding interactions of the Cr adhesive interlayer to the Fe substrate surface within a similar to 3 nm thick interfacial region. Low levels of oxygen present in the coating deposition chamber during deposition were found at the Fe-Cr interface using high-resolution TEM. Molecular orbital calculations for a linear three-atom molecular model Fe-O-Cr demonstrate the role of O in strengthening Fe to Cr bonding within that interfacial region. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544045] C1 [Evans, R. D.; Shiller, P. J.] Timken Co, Timken Technol Ctr, Canton, OH 44706 USA. [Howe, J. Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Evans, RD (reprint author), Timken Co, Timken Technol Ctr, 1835 Dueber Ave SW, Canton, OH 44706 USA. EM ryan.evans@timken.com RI Shiller, Paul/A-8492-2010; OI Shiller, Paul/0000-0001-9714-8527; Evans, Ryan/0000-0003-4549-8247 FU Timken Co.; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX The Timken Co. is acknowledged for support of this project and permission to publish. D. W. Coffey from ORNL is acknowledged for FIB TEM sample preparation. J. R. Gnagy from Timken is acknowledged for bearing testing. G. L. Doll from Timken is acknowledged for helpful discussions and support of this effort. Research supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 109 IS 2 AR 023518 DI 10.1063/1.3544045 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 715PM UT WOS:000286896400037 ER PT J AU Tuttle, BR Dhar, S Ryu, SH Zhu, X Williams, JR Feldman, LC Pantelides, ST AF Tuttle, B. R. Dhar, S. Ryu, S. -H. Zhu, X. Williams, J. R. Feldman, L. C. Pantelides, S. T. TI High electron mobility due to sodium ions in the gate oxide of SiC-metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INVERSION LAYER MOBILITY; HIGH CHANNEL MOBILITY; SILICON-CARBIDE; 4H-SIC MOSFETS; INTERFACE; STATES; TRAP; ENERGY AB Oxidation of SiC with the incorporation of Na in the gate oxide was recently found to lead to significantly enhanced electron mobilities in the SiC inversion layer but the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. Here, we report a combination of density functional first-principles calculations and experiments. The new findings demonstrate that neutral Na is essentially a spectator impurity that occupies near interfacial interstitial sites and does not interact with the interface or with interfacial defects. Na ions, however, introduce an effective mass hydrogenic impurity band at the edge of the SiC conduction band that can account for the observed effects. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3533767] C1 [Tuttle, B. R.; Feldman, L. C.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Tuttle, B. R.] Penn State Behrend, Dept Phys, Erie, PA 16563 USA. [Dhar, S.; Ryu, S. -H.] Cree Inc, R&D Div, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Zhu, X.; Williams, J. R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhu, X.; Feldman, L. C.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Adv Mat Devices & Nanotechnol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tuttle, BR (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM brt10@psu.edu FU NSF [DMR-0907385]; ARL [W911NF-07-2-0046]; McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University FX We are pleased to acknowledge Dr. Anant Agarwal (Cree) and Professor J. Copper for useful discussions. Cree would like to thank C. Scozzie, B. Geil, and A. Lelis at U.S. Army Research Laboratory for supporting this work. The work was supported by the NSF (Grant No. DMR-0907385). Additional support came from ARL (Grant No. W911NF-07-2-0046) and the McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 109 IS 2 AR 023702 DI 10.1063/1.3533767 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 715PM UT WOS:000286896400040 ER PT J AU Bylaska, EJ Tsemekhman, K Baden, SB Weare, JH Jonsson, H AF Bylaska, Eric J. Tsemekhman, Kiril Baden, Scott B. Weare, John H. Jonsson, Hannes TI Parallel Implementation of Gamma-Point Pseudopotential Plane-Wave DFT with Exact Exchange SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hybrid DFT; parallel algorithms; exact exchange; pseudopotential plane-wave DFT ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL METHODS; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CONSISTENT HARTREE-FOCK; CAR-PARRINELLO METHOD; WANNIER FUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SIMULATIONS; ENERGIES; ELECTRON; APPROXIMATION AB Semi-local functionals commonly used in density functional theory (DFT) studies of solids usually fail to reproduce localized states such as trapped holes, polarons, excitons, and solitons. This failure is ascribed to self-interaction which creates a Coulomb barrier to localization. Pragmatic approaches in which the exchange correlation functionals are augmented with small amount of exact exchange (hybrid-DFT, e. g., B3LYP and PBE0) have shown to promise in rectifying this type of failure, as well as producing more accurate band gaps and reaction barriers. The evaluation of exact exchange is challenging for large, solid state systems with periodic boundary conditions, especially when plane-wave basis sets are used. We have developed parallel algorithms for implementing exact exchange into pseudopotential plane-wave DFT program and we have implemented them in the NWChem program package. The technique developed can readily be employed in Gamma-point plane-wave DFT programs. Furthermore, atomic forces and stresses are straightforward to implement, making it applicable to both confined and extended systems, as well as to Car-Parrinello ab initio molecular dynamic simulations. This method has been applied to several systems for which conventional DFT methods do not work well, including calculations for band gaps in oxides and the electronic structure of a charge trapped state in the Fe(II) containing mica, annite. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 32: 54-69, 2011 C1 [Bylaska, Eric J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tsemekhman, Kiril] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baden, Scott B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Weare, John H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Jonsson, Hannes] Univ Iceland, Fac Sci, VR 2, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. RP Bylaska, EJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM eric.bylaska@pnl.gov RI Jonsson, Hannes/G-2267-2013 OI Jonsson, Hannes/0000-0001-8285-5421 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science [DE AC05 76RL01830]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; ASCR; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC05-76RL01830, DE-FG02-05ER25707]; LSI Inc. through the Semiconductor Research Corporation FX Contract/grant sponsors: ASCR Multiscale Mathematics program, ASCR Petascale Tools Program, and BES Geosciences program (U.S. Department of Energy); Contract/grant sponsor: Office of Science; contract/grant number: DE AC05 76RL01830; We wish to thank the Scientific Computing Staff, Office of Energy Research, and the U.S. Department of Energy for a grant of computer time at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (Berkeley, CA). Some of the calculations were performed on the Chinook and Spokane computing systems at the Molecular Science Computing Facility in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) at PNNL. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute. EMSL operations are supported by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. EJB, SBB, and JHW would like to acknowledge support by ASCR Multiscale Mathematics program, ASCR Petascale tools program, and the BES Geosciences program of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science ~DE-AC05-76RL01830 (PNNL) and ~DE-FG02-05ER25707 (UCSD). KT acknowledges support by the Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology program and the Environmental Management Sciences program of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science ~DE-AC05-76RL01830, and from LSI Inc. through the Semiconductor Research Corporation. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 20 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 32 IS 1 BP 54 EP 69 DI 10.1002/jcc.21598 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 694PX UT WOS:000285311200006 PM 20607748 ER PT J AU Goh, WH Patriarche, G Bonanno, PL Gautier, S Moudakir, T Abid, M Orsal, G Sirenko, AA Cai, ZH Martinez, A Ramdane, A Le Gratiet, L Troadec, D Soltani, A Ougazzaden, A AF Goh, W. H. Patriarche, G. Bonanno, P. L. Gautier, S. Moudakir, T. Abid, M. Orsal, G. Sirenko, A. A. Cai, Z. -H. Martinez, A. Ramdane, A. Le Gratiet, L. Troadec, D. Soltani, A. Ougazzaden, A. TI Structural and optical properties of nanodots, nanowires, and multi-quantum wells of III-nitride grown by MOVPE nano-selective area growth SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (ICMOVPE-XV) CY MAY 23-28, 2010 CL Incline Village, NV DE Nanostructures; Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Selective area growth; Nitrides; Semiconducting III-V materials ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; QUANTUM DOTS; GAN; EMISSION AB Nanodots, nanowires, and semi-polar quantum well structures of GaN-based material have been grown by nano-selective area growth (NSAG). The growth evolution of the nanostructure has been studied. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that the nanostructures are free of threading dislocations. The growth of AlGaN/GaN layers is uniform and shows sharp interfaces between the AlGaN and GaN epilayers. AlGaN nanodots/nanowires, which are formed at the apexes of the nano-pyramids/nano-ridges, are found to be homogeneous in size and to have a higher aluminum mole fraction than the surrounding material. In contrast, the InGaN/GaN growth shows no quantum dots at the apexes of the nanostructures. We found that the growth facets of different Miller's indices are formed on the InGaN/GaN nano-ridges. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) shows higher indium incorporation at the intersection of the growth facets. Cathodoluminescence measurements show enhanced luminescence intensity from InGaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) grown on the nanostructure compared to that from InGaN MQWs grown on an unpatterned area. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Goh, W. H.; Bonanno, P. L.; Abid, M.; Ougazzaden, A.] Georgia Tech CNRS, Georgia Inst Technol GT Lorraine UMI 2958, F-57070 Metz, France. [Patriarche, G.; Martinez, A.; Ramdane, A.; Le Gratiet, L.] CNRS, Lab Photon & Nanostruct, F-91460 Marcoussis, France. [Gautier, S.; Moudakir, T.; Orsal, G.] Univ Metz & Supelec, CNRS, UMR 7132, Lab Mat Opt Photon & Micronano Syst, F-57070 Metz, France. [Sirenko, A. A.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Cai, Z. -H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Troadec, D.; Soltani, A.] Inst Elect Microelect & Nanotechnol, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. RP Goh, WH (reprint author), Georgia Tech CNRS, Georgia Inst Technol GT Lorraine UMI 2958, F-57070 Metz, France. EM wgoh@georgiatech-metz.fr RI Patriarche, Gilles/J-3934-2015; OI Patriarche, Gilles/0000-0002-3917-2470 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 315 IS 1 SI SI BP 160 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.08.053 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 724EH UT WOS:000287558400036 ER PT J AU Hong, L Novikov, VN Sokolov, AP AF Hong, L. Novikov, V. N. Sokolov, A. P. TI Is there a connection between fragility of glass forming systems and dynamic heterogeneity/cooperativity? SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Glass transition; Fragility; Cooperativity ID COMPLEX DIELECTRIC CONSTANT; LENGTH SCALE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; STRUCTURAL GLASSES; DIPOLAR COMPOUNDS; PROPYLENE-GLYCOL; ALPHA-RELAXATION; TRANSITION; PRESSURE AB Although fragility of glass forming liquids is traditionally related to cooperativity ill molecular motion, the connection between those parameters remains unclear. In this paper we present the estimates of cooperativity (heterogeneity) length scale xi, obtained from the boson peak spectra. We demonstrate that xi agrees well with the dynamic heterogeneity length scale for the structural relaxation estimated by 4-dimensional NMR, justifying the use of xi. Presented analysis of large number of materials reveals no clear correlation between xi and fragility. However, there is a strong correlation between the cooperativity volume xi(3) and the activation volume measured at T(g). This observation suggests that only the volume (pressure) dependence of structural relaxation time correlates directly with the cooperativity size. However, the pure thermal (energetic) contribution to the structural relaxation, the so-called isochoric fragility, exhibits no correlation to the heterogeneity length scale xi, or the amount of structural units in xi(3). The presented results call for a revision of traditional view on the role of cooperativity/heterogeneity in structural relaxation of glass forming systems. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Novikov, V. N.; Sokolov, A. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hong, L.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Novikov, V. N.; Sokolov, A. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Novikov, V. N.] Russian Acad Sci, IA&E, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Sokolov, AP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 1420 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sokolov@utk.edu RI hong, liang/D-5647-2012 FU NSF [DMR-0804571]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; ORNL; RFBR [09-02-01297a] FX We thank Puru Gujrati and Ken Schweizer for many helpful discussions. Akron team acknowledges funding from the NSF, Polymer program (DMR-0804571), APS acknowledges the support from the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and VNN acknowledges the financial support from the LORD Program of ORNL, managed by UT-Battelle. LLC, for DOE, and from the RFBR (grant no. 09-02-01297a). NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 357 IS 2 SI SI BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.06.071 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 725JK UT WOS:000287640800020 ER PT J AU He, LH Hinestrosa, JP Pickel, JM Zhang, SJ Bucknall, DG Kilbey, SM Mays, JW Hong, KL AF He, Lihong Hinestrosa, Juan Pablo Pickel, Joseph M. Zhang, Shanju Bucknall, David G. Kilbey, S. Michael, II Mays, Jimmy W. Hong, Kunlun TI Fluorine-Containing Linear Block Terpolymers: Synthesis and Self-Assembly in Solution SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE micelles; poly(2-fluoroethyl methacrylate); PnBMA-PMMA-P2FEMA; synthesis; triblock terpolymer ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; ABC TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; CROSS-LINKED MICELLES; MULTICOMPARTMENT MICELLES; RAFT POLYMERIZATION; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; BUILDING-BLOCKS; METHACRYLATE); POLYMERS; DESIGN AB Linear triblock terpolymers of poly(n-butyl methacrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(2-fluoroethyl methacrylate) (PnBMA-PMMA-P2FEMA) were synthesized by sequential reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Kinetic studies of the homopolymerization of 2FEMA by RAFT polymerization demonstrated controllable characteristics with fairly narrow polydispersities (similar to 1.30). The resultant PnBMA-PMMA-P2FEMA triblock terpolymers were characterized via (1)H NMR, (19)F NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. These polymers formed micellar aggregates in a selective solvent mixture. The as-formed micelles were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. It was found that these terpolymers could directly self-organize into complex micelles in a tetrahydrofuran/methanol mixture with diameters that depended on polymer composition. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 49: 414-422, 2011 C1 [He, Lihong; Hinestrosa, Juan Pablo; Pickel, Joseph M.; Kilbey, S. Michael, II; Mays, Jimmy W.; Hong, Kunlun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, Shanju; Bucknall, David G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kilbey, S. Michael, II; Mays, Jimmy W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Hong, KL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hongkq@ornl.gov RI Zhang, Shanju/E-5119-2011; Bucknall, David/F-7568-2016; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015; OI Bucknall, David/0000-0003-4558-6933; Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111; Pickel, Joseph/0000-0001-9828-1565 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences Scientific User Facilities; LDRD [L05373] FX This research was conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences Scientific User Facilities, for the US Department of Energy. S. M. Kilbey acknowledges support through LDRD Project L05373. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 49 IS 2 BP 414 EP 422 DI 10.1002/pola.24453 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 708ZN UT WOS:000286403100011 ER PT J AU Marina, OA Pederson, LR Coyle, CA Edwards, DJ Chou, YS Cramer, CN AF Marina, Olga A. Pederson, Larry R. Coyle, Christopher A. Edwards, Danny J. Chou, Yeong-Shyung Cramer, Carolyn N. TI Interaction of coal-derived synthesis gas impurities with solid oxide fuel cell metallic components SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE SOFC; Metallic interconnect; Chromia-forming alloys; Passivation layer; Coal and biomass; Impurities ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; CR ALLOYS; INTERCONNECTS AB Oxidation-resistant alloys find use as interconnect materials, heat exchangers, and gas supply tubing in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems, especially when operated at temperatures below similar to 800 degrees C. If fueled with synthesis gas derived from coal or biomass, such metallic components could be exposed to impurities contained in those fuel sources. In this study, coupons of ferritic stainless steels Crofer 22 APU and SS 441, austenitic nickel-chromium superalloy Inconel 600, and an alumina-forming high nickel alloy alumel were exposed to synthesis gas containing <= 2 ppm phosphorus, arsenic and antimony, and reaction products were tested. Crofer 22 APU coupons coated with a (Mn,Co)(3)O(4) protective layer were also evaluated. Phosphorus was found to be the most reactive. On Crofer 22 APU, the (Mn,Cr)(3)O(4) passivation layer reacted to form an Mn-P-O product, predicted to be manganese phosphate from thermochemical calculations, and Cr(2)O(3). On SS 441, reaction of phosphorus with (Mn,Cr)(3)O(4) led to the formation of manganese phosphate as well as an Fe-P product, predicted from thermochemical calculations to be Fe(3)P. Minimal interactions with antimony or arsenic in synthesis gas were limited to Fe-Sb and Fe-As solid solution formation. Though not intended for use on the anode side, a (Mn,Co)(3)O(4) spinel coating on Crofer 22 APU reacted with phosphorus in synthesis gas to produce products consistent with Mn(3)(PO(4))(2) and Co(2)P. A thin Cr(2)O(3) passivation layer on Inconel 600 did not prevent the formation of nickel phosphides and arsenides and of iron phosphides and arsenides, though no reaction with Cr(2)O(3) was apparent. On alumel, an Al(2)O(3) passivation layer rich in Ni did not prevent the formation of nickel phosphides, arsenides, and antimonides, though no reaction with Al(2)O(3) occurred. This work shows that unprotected metallic components of an SOFC stack and system can provide a sink for P. As and Sb impurities that may be present in fuel gases, and thus complicate experimental studies of impurity interactions with the anode. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Marina, Olga A.; Coyle, Christopher A.; Edwards, Danny J.; Chou, Yeong-Shyung; Cramer, Carolyn N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Pederson, Larry R.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Marina, OA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM olga.marina@pnl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy NETL through the SECA Coal-Based Systems [AC06-76RLO 1830] FX The authors would like to acknowledge G.G. Xia for providing alloy coupons, A. Schemer-Kohrn and B.P. McCarthy for performing SEM/EDS analyses, G.W. Coffey for technical assistance, and J.W. Stevenson for helpful discussions. Support for this work was provided by the US Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, NETL through the SECA Coal-Based Systems Core Research Program. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 196 IS 2 SI SI BP 636 EP 643 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.07.081 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 663ZU UT WOS:000282929500005 ER PT J AU Prasad, SV Renk, TJ Kotula, PG DebRoy, T AF Prasad, S. V. Renk, T. J. Kotula, P. G. DebRoy, T. TI Synthesis of nanocomposite thin films with self-assembled structures by pulsed ion beam ablation of MoS2 target SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Wear and Tribology; Coatings; Nanocomposites; Self assembly AB Nanocomposite films with unusual structures were synthesized by ablating a molybdenum disulfide target with pulsed intense ion beams and depositing the films on substrates kept at 573 K Microstructure of the films was comprised of 10-100 nm size pure molybdenum boulders in an amorphous matrix of Mo and 5 Instead of a single homogeneous phase Tribological studies indicate that frictional contact during the initial run in period can transform the amorphous matrix into crystalline MoS2 with basal planes oriented along the direction of sliding The films appear to have potential for low friction and low wear applications in harsh environments (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved C1 [Prasad, S. V.; Renk, T. J.; Kotula, P. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [DebRoy, T.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Prasad, SV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011; DebRoy, Tarasankar/A-2106-2010 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759; FU US Department of Energy s National Nuclear Security Administration [DE AC04 94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company for the US Department of Energy s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE AC04 94AL85000 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 4 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2010.09.062 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 689YK UT WOS:000284966800002 ER PT J AU Yuan, ZJ Luo, ZC Volkow, ND Pan, YT Du, CW AF Yuan, Zhijia Luo, Zhongchi Volkow, Nora D. Pan, Yingtian Du, Congwu TI Imaging separation of neuronal from vascular effects of cocaine on rat cortical brain in vivo SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE Cocaine; Cerebral blood flow; Calcium [Ca]; Optical imaging; Drug abuse and addiction; fMRI ID CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LASER SPECKLE; SENSORY STIMULATION; FOCAL CHANGES; OXYGENATION; CORTEX; MICROVASCULATURE; HEMODYNAMICS AB MRI techniques to study brain function assume coupling between neuronal activity, metabolism and flow. However, recent evidence of physiological uncoupling between neuronal and cerebrovascular events highlights the need for methods to simultaneously measure these three properties. We report a multimodality optical approach that integrates dual-wavelength laser speckle imaging (measures changes in blood flow, blood volume and hemoglobin oxygenation), digital-frequency-ramping optical coherence tomography (images quantitative 3D vascular network) and Rhod(2) fluorescence (images intracellular calcium for measure of neuronal activity) at high spatiotemporal resolutions (30 mu m, 10 Hz) and over a large field of view (3 x 5 mm(2)). We apply it to assess cocaine's effects in rat cortical brain and show an immediate decrease (3.5 +/- 0.9 min, phase 1) in the oxygen content of hemoglobin and the cerebral blood flow followed by an overshoot (7.1 +/- 0.2 min, phase 2) lasting over 20 min whereas Ca(2+) increased immediately (peaked at t = 4.1 +/- 0.4 min) and remained elevated. This enabled us to identify a delay (2.9 +/- 0.5 min) between peak neuronal and vascular responses in phase 2. The ability of this multimodality optical approach for simultaneous imaging at high spatiotemporal resolutions permits us to distinguish the vascular versus cellular changes of the brain, thus complimenting other neuroimaging modalities for brain functional studies (e. g., PET, fMRI). (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yuan, Zhijia; Luo, Zhongchi; Pan, Yingtian] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] Natl Inst Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Du, Congwu] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anesthesiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Du, Congwu] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pan, YT (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Bioengineer Bldg,Rm G06, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM Yingtian.Pan@sunysb.edu; congwu@bnl.gov RI yuan, zhijia/F-4314-2011 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [K25-DA021200, 2R01-DK059265, 1RC1DA028534]; Department of Energy (DOE) [LDRD 10-023] FX The authors thank Rubing Pan for cryosectioning and fluorescence microscope imaging and analysis of the rat brain specimens. The work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants K25-DA021200 (CD), 2R01-DK059265 (YP) and 1RC1DA028534 (CD and YP), and by a Department of Energy (DOE) grant LDRD 10-023 (CD). NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1130 EP 1139 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.045 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 697AW UT WOS:000285486000038 PM 20804849 ER PT J AU Edmondson, PD Zhang, Y Namavar, F Wang, CM Zhu, Z Weber, WJ AF Edmondson, P. D. Zhang, Y. Namavar, F. Wang, C. M. Zhu, Z. Weber, W. J. TI Defect- and strain-enhanced cavity formation and Au precipitation at nano-crystalline ZrO2/SiO2/Si interfaces SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE Nano-crystalline zirconia; Grain growth; Oxygen migration; Cavity formation; Cavity morphology; Au precipitation ID GATE DIELECTRICS; SILICON; OXYGEN; STABILITY; FILMS; NANOCRYSTALS; SI(100); ZRO2 AB Defect- and strain-enhanced cavity formation and Au+ precipitation at the interfaces of a nano-crystalline ZrO2/SiO2/Si multilayer structure resulting from 2 MeV Au irradiation at temperatures of 160 and 400 K have been studied. Under irradiation, loss of oxygen is observed, and the nano-crystalline grains in the ZrO2 layer increase in size. In addition, small cavities are observed at the ZrO2/SiO2 interface with the morphology of the cavities being dependent on the damage state of the underlying Si lattice. Elongated cavities are formed when crystallinity is still retained in the heavily-damaged Si substrate; however, the morphology of the cavities becomes spherical when the substrate is amorphized. With further irradiation, the cavities appear to become stabilized and begin to act as gettering sites for the Au. As the cavities become fully saturated with Au, the ZrO2/SiO2 interface then acts as a gettering site for the Au. Analysis of the results suggests that oxygen diffusion along the grain boundaries contributes to the growth of cavities and that oxygen within the cavities may affect the gettering of Au. Mechanisms of defect- and strain-enhanced cavity formation and Au precipitation at the interfaces will be discussed with focus on oxygen diffusion and vacancy accumulation, the role of the lattice strain on the morphology of the cavities, and the effect of the binding free energy of the cavities on the Au precipitation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Y.; Weber, W. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Edmondson, P. D.; Wang, C. M.; Zhu, Z.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Edmondson, P. D.; Zhang, Y.; Weber, W. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Namavar, F.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM zhangy1@ornl.gov RI Edmondson, Philip/G-5371-2011; Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Zhu, Zihua/K-7652-2012; Edmondson, Philip/O-7255-2014 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Edmondson, Philip/0000-0001-8990-0870 FU Materials Science and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; UT-Battelle, LLC; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by Materials Science and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy with UT-Battelle, LLC. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 269 IS 2 BP 126 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2010.10.014 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 717TZ UT WOS:000287071600009 ER PT J AU Dusling, K Epelbaum, T Gelis, F Venugopalan, R AF Dusling, Kevin Epelbaum, Thomas Gelis, Francois Venugopalan, Raju TI Role of quantum fluctuations in a system with strong fields: Onset of hydrodynamical flow SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Heavy ion collisions; Color glass condensate; Thermalization; Hydrodynamics ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; STRONG EXTERNAL SOURCES; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; VISCOUS HYDRODYNAMICS; LARGE NUCLEI; THERMALIZATION; QUARK; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB Quantum fluctuations are believed to play an important role in the thermalization of classical fields in inflationary cosmology but their relevance for isotropization/thermalization of the classical fields produced in heavy ion collisions is not completely understood. We consider a scalar phi(4) toy model coupled to a strong external source, like in the Color Glass Condensate description of the early time dynamics of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. The leading order classical evolution of the scalar fields is significantly modified by the rapid growth of time-dependent quantum fluctuations, necessitating an all order resummation of such "secular" terms. We show that the resummed expressions cause the system to evolve in accordance with ideal hydrodynamics. We comment briefly on the thermalization of the quantum system and the extension of our results to a gauge theory. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Epelbaum, Thomas; Gelis, Francois] CEA DSM Saclay, Inst Phys Theor, URA 2306, CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Dusling, Kevin; Venugopalan, Raju] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gelis, F (reprint author), CEA DSM Saclay, Inst Phys Theor, URA 2306, CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM francois.gelis@cea.fr RI Epelbaum, Thomas/D-1138-2013; OI Dusling, Kevin/0000-0001-9598-0416 FU DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-06-BLAN-0285-01]; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Quark-Hadron Sciences at Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (Kyoto University) FX We would like to acknowledge useful discussions with Jean-Paul Blaizot, Kenji Fukushima, Miklos Gyulassy, Tuomas Lappi, Larry McLerran, Rob Pisarski, Andreas Schafer and Giorgio Torrieri. K.D.'s and R.V.'s research was supported by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. F.G.'s work is supported in part by Agence Nationale de la Recherche via the programme ANR-06-BLAN-0285-01. We thank the Institute for Nuclear Theory at the University of Washington for its hospitality. One of us (F.G.) would like to thank Brookhaven National Laboratory as well as the Yukawa International Program for Quark-Hadron Sciences at Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (Kyoto University) for partial support during the completion of this work. NR 64 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 850 IS 1 BP 69 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.11.009 PG 41 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 720GY UT WOS:000287270000005 ER PT J AU Tribedy, P Venugopalan, R AF Tribedy, Prithwish Venugopalan, Raju TI Saturation models of HERA DIS data and inclusive hadron distributions in p plus p collisions at the LHC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Hadron production; Saturation; LHC p plus p collision; CGC; Deep inelastic scattering ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; STRONG EXTERNAL SOURCES; SQUARE-ROOT-S; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SMALL-X; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HIGH-ENERGIES; SCALING LAWS AB Unintegrated gluon distributions sensitive to the transverse spatial distribution of gluons in the proton are extracted from data on exclusive and diffractive final states at HERA in the dipole approach. These unintegrated gluon distributions can be used to compute inclusive hadron production in p + p collisions at the LHC. In this paper, we consider a number of saturation models with differing dynamical assumptions that give good fits to the available HERA data. We apply these models to study the rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the LHC data up to root s = 7 TeV. We examine the sensitivity of these results to parameters that are not constrained by the HERA data and comment on similarities and differences with previous work. We compute the n-particle inclusive multiplicity distribution and show that the LHC p p results are in agreement with predictions for multi-particle production in the Color Glass Condensate approach. This result has significant ramifications for the interpretation of multi-particle correlations in high multiplicity events at the LHC. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tribedy, Prithwish] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Venugopalan, Raju] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tribedy, P (reprint author), Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, 1-AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. EM ptribedy@veccal.ernet.in FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX R.V. was supported by the US Department of Energy under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. We thank Kevin Dusling and Francois Gelis for a careful reading of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge useful conversations with Javier Albacete, Guillaume Beuf, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Adrian Dumitru, Tuomas Lappi, Larry McLerran, Zhangbo Kang and Feng Yuan. NR 95 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 850 IS 1 BP 136 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.12.006 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 720GY UT WOS:000287270000007 ER PT J AU Rakich, PT Wang, Z Davids, P AF Rakich, Peter T. Wang, Zheng Davids, Paul TI Scaling of optical forces in dielectric waveguides: rigorous connection between radiation pressure and dispersion SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POTENTIALS; SYSTEMS AB We show that eigenmodes of dielectric optical waveguides exert surface dilation forces on waveguide boundaries owing to radiation pressure, and we develop an exact scaling law relating modal dispersion of an arbitrary dielectric waveguide to the magnitude of optical forces generated by radiation pressure. This result points to highly dispersive waveguides as an optimal choice for the generation of large optical forces in nano-optomechanical systems. Exact agreement with ab initio calculations is demonstrated. C1 [Rakich, Peter T.; Davids, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wang, Zheng] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Rakich, PT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rakich@alum.mit.edu RI Wang, Zheng/B-9804-2009 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Director of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E) under Air Force [FA8721-05-C-0002]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX Sandia Laboratory is operated by Sandia Co., a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the Director of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E) under Air Force contract FA8721-05-C-0002 and by a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Seedling managed by M. Haney and S. Rodgers of DARPA's Microsystems Technology Office (MTO). Thanks to R. Kekatpure and C. Reinke for careful reading of manuscript. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 217 EP 219 DI 10.1364/OL.36.000217 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 706BC UT WOS:000286188100041 PM 21263505 ER PT J AU Gab, J John, H Blum, MM AF Gaeb, Juergen John, Harald Blum, Marc-Michael TI Formation of pyrophosphate-like adducts from nerve agents sarin, soman and cyclosarin in phosphate buffer: Implications for analytical and toxicological investigations SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Organophosphorus compounds; Nerve agents; Phosphate buffer; NMR; LC-ESI-MS/MS ID CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION; INVERSE NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; LC-ESI-MS/MS; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; DECONTAMINATION SOLUTIONS; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; TRACE AMOUNTS; HYDROLYSIS AB Phosphate buffer is frequently used in biological, biochemical and biomedical applications especially when pH is to be controlled around the physiological value of 7.4. One of the prerequisites of a buffer compound among good buffering capacity and pH stability over time is its non-reactivity with other constituents of the solution. This is especially important for quantitative analytical or toxicological assays. Previous work has identified a number of amino alcohol buffers like TRIS to react with G-type nerve agents satin, soman and cyclosarin to form stable phosphonic diesters. In case of phosphate buffer we were able to confirm not only the rapid hydrolysis of these agents to the respective alkyl methylphosphonates but also the formation of substantial amounts of pyrophosphate-like adducts (phosphorylated methylphosphonates), which very slowly hydrolyzed following zero-order kinetics. This led to a complex mixture of phosphorus containing species with changing concentrations over time. We identified the molecular structure of these buffer adducts using 1D (1)H-(31)P HSQC NMR and LC-ESI-MS/MS techniques. Reaction rates of adduct formation are fast enough to compete with hydrolysis in aqueous solution and to yield substantial amounts of buffer adduct over the course of just a couple of minutes. Possible reaction mechanisms are discussed with respect to the formation and subsequent hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate-like compounds as well as the increased rate of hydrolysis of the nerve agent to the corresponding alkyl methylphosphonates. In summary, the use of phosphate buffer for the development of new assays with sarin, soman and cyclosarin is discouraged. Already existing protocols should be carefully reexamined on an individual basis. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gaeb, Juergen; Blum, Marc-Michael] Blum Sci Serv, D-80331 Munich, Germany. [Gaeb, Juergen] Univ Marburg, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [John, Harald] Bundeswehr Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, D-80937 Munich, Germany. RP Blum, MM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mmblum@blum-scientific.de RI Blum, Marc-Michael/M-7691-2014 OI Blum, Marc-Michael/0000-0003-1856-2071 FU German Ministry of Defense [E/UR3G/6G115/6A801] FX The German Ministry of Defense supported this work under contract number E/UR3G/6G115/6A801. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 200 IS 1-2 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.10.011 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 719PJ UT WOS:000287216800005 PM 20979985 ER PT J AU Ottinger, NA Toops, TJ Ke, N Bunting, BG Howe, J AF Ottinger, Nathan A. Toops, Todd J. Ke Nguyen Bunting, Bruce G. Howe, Jane TI Effect of lean/rich high temperature aging on NO oxidation and NOx storage/release of a fully formulated lean NOx trap SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE DRIFTS; Lean NOx trap; Thermal aging; Fully formulated; PGM dispersion; NOx storage capacity; NOx release; STEM; XRD ID SUPPORTED PLATINUM CATALYSTS; STORAGE-REDUCTION CATALYST; FT-IR; SCR CATALYSTS; SURFACE; PT/BAO/AL2O3; SYSTEM; OXIDE; NSR; REGENERATION AB Commercial-intent lean NOx traps (LNTs) containing Pt, Pd, Rh, Ba, Ce, Zr, and other proprietary additives were thermally aged at 750.880, 930, and 1070 degrees C using lean/rich cycling and then investigated for effects of aging on NOx storage capacity, NO oxidation, NOx reduction, and materials properties. Additionally. DRIFTS analysis was used to determine the effects of high temperature aging on surface chemistry and NOx storage. As platinum group metal (PGM) dispersion decreases with aging, the NO turnover frequency (TOF) for NO oxidation at 200, 300, and 400 degrees C is shown to increase. The fraction of stored NOx that is successfully reduced also increases with aging, and it is suggested that this is accounted for by a slower release of more stable NOx species resulting from thermal aging. NOx storage and NOx release experiments performed with DRIFTS at 200, 300, and 400 degrees C indicate that a substantial amount of NOx is stored on Al2O3 as nitrates at 200 and 300 degrees C before aging. However, almost no nitrates are seen on alumina after aging at 900 and 1000 degrees C, resulting in a significant reduction in NOx storage capacity. This is most likely due to a 45% reduction in total surface area and a high temperature redispersion of Ba over remaining alumina sites. No evidence of BaAl2O4 was observed with XRD. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ottinger, Nathan A.; Toops, Todd J.; Bunting, Bruce G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. [Ke Nguyen] Univ Tennessee, Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Howe, Jane] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Toops, TJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM toopstj@ornl.gov RI Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of FreedomCar and Vehicle Technologies; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCar and Vehicle Technologies; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of FreedomCar and Vehicle Technologies, and the fully for mulated LNTs were provided by Delphi, whose catalyst group is now part of Umicore. The catalyst samples were coated approximately 4 years ago and should not be considered representative of current formulations. The STEM measurements and analysis were sponsored by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCar and Vehicle Technologies, as part of the High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 101 IS 3-4 BP 486 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.10.020 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 717ST UT WOS:000287068400038 ER PT J AU Qiao, JA Tan, H Qiu, Y Balasubramanian, K AF Qiao, Juan Tan, Hang Qiu, Yong Balasubramanian, K. TI Investigation of a binuclear gallium complex with bipolar charge transporting capability for organic light-emitting diodes (vol 124, 024719, 2006) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Qiao, Juan; Tan, Hang; Qiu, Yong] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Organ Optoelect & Mol Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Balasubramanian, K.] Calif State Univ E Bay, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Balasubramanian, K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Balasubramanian, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qiu, Y (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Organ Optoelect & Mol Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM qiuy@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn RI Qiao, Juan/M-1301-2014 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 134 IS 2 AR 029901 DI 10.1063/1.3530285 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 709WK UT WOS:000286471900082 ER PT J AU Dhakal, P Yoshino, H Oh, JI Kikuchi, K Naughton, MJ AF Dhakal, Pashupati Yoshino, Harukazu Oh, Jeong Il Kikuchi, Koichi Naughton, Michael J. TI Upper critical field of the molecular organic superconductor (DMET)(2)I-3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; (TMTSF)2CLO4; STATE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SPIN; (TMTSF)(2)CLO4; RELAXATION; CONDUCTORS; ANISOTROPY; PRESSURE AB We report the temperature dependence of the upper critical magnetic field in the quasi-one-dimensional molecular organic superconductor (DMET)(2)I-3, for magnetic field applied along the intrachain, interchain, and interplane directions. The upper critical field tends to saturation at low temperature for field in all directions and does not exceed the Pauli paramagnetic limit. Superconductivity in (DMET)(2)I-3 thus appears to be conventional spin singlet, in contrast to the status of the isostructural Bechgaard salts. We also discuss a magnetic field-induced dimensional crossover effect in the normal metallic state which had previously appeared to be associated with superconductivity. C1 [Dhakal, Pashupati; Oh, Jeong Il; Naughton, Michael J.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Yoshino, Harukazu] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 5588585, Japan. [Kikuchi, Koichi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. RP Dhakal, P (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM naughton@bc.edu RI OH, JEONG IL/I-8776-2012; Koichi, Kikuchi/G-9694-2014 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0605339] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, under Grant No. DMR-0605339. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.014505 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713LL UT WOS:000286739400003 ER PT J AU Zhao, YF Ban, CM Xu, QA Wei, SH Dillon, AC AF Zhao, Yufeng Ban, Chunmei Xu, Qiang Wei, Su-Huai Dillon, Anne C. TI Charge-driven structural transformation and valence versatility of boron sheets in magnesium borides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL BORON; CLUSTERS; PLANAR; TRANSITION; NANOTUBES; BATTERIES; BORANES AB Based on density-functional theory simulations, we have predicted a series of stable magnesium borides, MgB(x), with a broad range of stoichiometries, 2 < x <= 16, by removing magnesium atoms from MgB(2). The layered boron structures are preserved through an in-plane topological transformation of the hexagonal lattice domains to triangular lattice domains. The process can be reversibly switched as the charge transfer changes with Mg insertion and extraction. The mechanism of such a charge-driven transformation originates from the versatile valence state of boron in its planar form. The discovery of these new physical phenomena suggests the design of a high-capacity magnesium boron battery. C1 [Zhao, Yufeng; Ban, Chunmei; Xu, Qiang; Wei, Su-Huai; Dillon, Anne C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhao, YF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy through the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the Vehicle Technologies Program [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; NREL FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under subcontract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 through the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the Vehicle Technologies Program and NREL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035406 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713WF UT WOS:000286767400002 ER PT J AU Stratakis, D Fernow, RC Gallardo, JC Palmer, RB Neuffer, DV AF Stratakis, Diktys Fernow, Richard C. Gallardo, Juan C. Palmer, Robert B. Neuffer, David V. TI Numerical study of a magnetically insulated front-end channel for a neutrino factory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATION; PHYSICS AB A neutrino factory, which can deliver an intense flux of similar to 10(21) neutrinos per year from a multi-GeV stored muon beam, is seemingly the ideal tool for studying neutrino oscillations and CP violations for leptons. The front end of this facility plays a critical role in determining the number of muons that can be accepted by the downstream accelerators. Delivering peak performance requires transporting the muon beams through long sections of a beam channel containing high-gradient rf cavities and strong focusing solenoids. Here, we propose a novel scheme to improve the performance of the cavities, thereby increasing the number of muons within the acceptance of the accelerator chain. The key element of our new scheme is to apply a tangential magnetic field to the rf surfaces, thus forcing any field-emitted electrons to return to the surface before gaining enough energy to damage the cavity. We incorporate this idea into a new lattice design for a neutrino factory, and detail its performance numerically. Although our proposed front-end channel requires more rf power than conventional pillbox designs, it provides enough beam cooling and muon production to be a feasible option for a neutrino factory. C1 [Stratakis, Diktys; Fernow, Richard C.; Gallardo, Juan C.; Palmer, Robert B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Neuffer, David V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Stratakis, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors are grateful to J. T. Keane, J. Norem, J. S. Berg, and H. Kirk for useful discussions. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 AR 011001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.14.011001 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 709FM UT WOS:000286423300001 ER PT J AU Fernandez, MM Cho, S De Marzi, MC Kerzic, MC Robinson, H Mariuzza, RA Malchiodi, EL AF Fernandez, Marisa M. Cho, Sangwoo De Marzi, Mauricio C. Kerzic, Melissa C. Robinson, Howard Mariuzza, Roy A. Malchiodi, Emilio L. TI Crystal Structure of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin G (SEG) in Complex with a Mouse T-cell Receptor beta Chain SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MHC CLASS-II; TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; AFFINITY MATURATION; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; SIGNALING COMPLEXES; IN-VIVO; BINDING; AUREUS; ZINC AB Superantigens (SAgs) are bacterial or viral toxins that bind MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules and T-cell receptor (TCR) in a nonconventional manner, inducing T-cell activation that leads to inflammatory cytokine production, which may result in acute toxic shock. In addition, the emerging threat of purpura fulminans and community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus emphasizes the importance of a better characterization of SAg binding to their natural ligands that may allow the development of reagents to neutralize their action. The three-dimensional structure of the complex between a mouse TCR beta chain (mV beta 8.2) and staphylococcal enterotoxin G (SEG) at 2.0 angstrom resolution revealed a binding site that does not conserve the "hot spots" present in mV beta 8.2-SEC2, mV beta 8.2-SEC3, mV beta 8.2-SEB, and mV beta 8.2-SPEA complexes. Analysis of the mV beta 8.2-SEG interface allowed us to explain the higher affinity of this complex compared with the others, which may account for the early activation of T-cells bearing mV beta 8.2 by SEG. This mode of interaction between SEG and mV beta 8.2 could be an adaptive advantage to bestow on the pathogen a faster rate of colonization of the host. C1 [Malchiodi, Emilio L.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Farm & Bioquim, CONICET, Catedra Inmunol, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Malchiodi, Emilio L.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Farm & Bioquim, CONICET, Inst Estudios Inmunidad Humoral Prof Ricardo Marg, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Fernandez, Marisa M.; Cho, Sangwoo; Kerzic, Melissa C.; Mariuzza, Roy A.; Malchiodi, Emilio L.] Univ Maryland, WM Keck Lab Struct Biol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Fernandez, Marisa M.; Cho, Sangwoo; Kerzic, Melissa C.; Mariuzza, Roy A.; Malchiodi, Emilio L.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [De Marzi, Mauricio C.] Univ Nacl Lujan, Dept Ciencias Basicas, RA-6700 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mariuzza, RA (reprint author), 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM mariuzza@carb.nist.gov; emalchio@ffyb.uba.ar FU National Institutes of Health [AI36900, AI073654]; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnica [PICT 38293, 450]; National Multiple Sclerosis Society [RG2747]; Offices of Biological and Environmental Research; Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health; Fogarty International Center [TW007972]; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology [CRP/ARG09-02] FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants AI36900 and AI073654. This work was also supported by Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnica Grant PICT 38293 (to E. L. M.) and 450 (to M. M. F.); and National Multiple Sclerosis Society Grant RG2747 (to R. A. M.). Financial support for use of the National Synchrotron Light Source comes principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy and from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health.; Supported by the Fogarty International Center (TW007972) and International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CRP/ARG09-02). NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 2 BP 1189 EP 1195 DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.142471 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 703TU UT WOS:000286005000030 PM 21059660 ER PT J AU Davis, JA Calhoun, TR Nugent, KA Quiney, HM AF Davis, J. A. Calhoun, T. R. Nugent, K. A. Quiney, H. M. TI Ultrafast optical multidimensional spectroscopy without interferometry SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTON-ECHOES; 2-DIMENSIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE RETRIEVAL; QUANTUM-WELLS; LASER-PULSES; COHERENCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MOLECULES AB We present here the details of a phase retrieval technique that provides access to multidimensional modalities that are not currently available using existing interferometric techniques. The development of multidimensional optical spectroscopy has facilitated significant insights into electronic processes in physics, chemistry, and biology. The versatility and number of available techniques are, however, significantly limited by the requirement that the detection be interferometric. Many of these techniques are closely related to the vast range of multidimensional NMR spectroscopies, which revolutionized analytical chemistry more than 30 years ago. We focus here on the specific case of two-color multidimensional spectroscopy (analogous to heteronuclear NMR) and discuss the details of an iterative algorithm that recovers the relative phase relationships required to perform the Fourier transformation and find the unique solution for the 2D spectrum. A detailed guide is provided that describes the practical implementation of such algorithms. The effectiveness and accuracy of the phase retrieval process are assessed for simulated one-and two-color experiments. It is also compared with one-color experimental data for which the target phase information has been obtained independently by interferometry. In all the cases, the present algorithm yields results that compare well with the solutions obtained by other means. There are, however, some limitations and potential pitfalls that are identified and discussed. We conclude with a discussion of the potential applications and further advances that may be possible by adopting iterative phase retrieval algorithms of the type discussed here. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3528985] C1 [Davis, J. A.; Nugent, K. A.; Quiney, H. M.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, ARC Ctr Excellence Coherent Xray Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Davis, J. A.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Atom Opt & Ultrafast Spect, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Calhoun, T. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calhoun, T. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, QB3 Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calhoun, T. R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Davis, JA (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, ARC Ctr Excellence Coherent Xray Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM JDavis@swin.edu.au RI Davis, Jeffrey/C-6090-2008; Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Davis, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4537-4084; Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 FU Australian Research Council; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science FX This work was supported by a Discovery Project grant from the Australian Research Council. H. Q. also acknowledges the support of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 134 IS 2 AR 024504 DI 10.1063/1.3528985 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 709WK UT WOS:000286471900045 PM 21241117 ER PT J AU Minh, DDL Chodera, JD AF Minh, David D. L. Chodera, John D. TI Estimating equilibrium ensemble averages using multiple time slices from driven nonequilibrium processes: Theory and application to free energies, moments, and thermodynamic length in single-molecule pulling experiments SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; EQUALITY AB Recently discovered identities in statistical mechanics have enabled the calculation of equilibrium ensemble averages from realizations of driven nonequilibrium processes, including single-molecule pulling experiments and analogous computer simulations. Challenges in collecting large data sets motivate the pursuit of efficient statistical estimators that maximize use of available information. Along these lines, Hummer and Szabo developed an estimator that combines data from multiple time slices along a driven nonequilibrium process to compute the potential of mean force. Here, we generalize their approach, pooling information from multiple time slices to estimate arbitrary equilibrium expectations. Our expression may be combined with estimators of path-ensemble averages, including existing optimal estimators that use data collected by unidirectional and bidirectional protocols. We demonstrate the estimator by calculating free energies, moments of the polymer extension, the thermodynamic metric tensor, and the thermodynamic length in a model single-molecule pulling experiment. Compared to estimators that only use individual time slices, our multiple time-slice estimators yield substantially smoother estimates and achieve lower variance for higher-order moments. c 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3516517] C1 [Minh, David D. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chodera, John D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Minh, DDL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM daveminh@anl.gov; jchodera@berkeley.edu RI Minh, David/A-4655-2009 OI Minh, David/0000-0002-4802-2618 FU Argonne; QB3-Berkeley; UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank David Sivak (LBNL), Gabriel Stoltz (CERMICS, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech), and Attila Szabo (NIH) for insightful discussion and helpful feedback. D.D.L.M acknowledges support from a Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship at Argonne and J.D.C from a QB3-Berkeley Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship.; The submitted paper has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, which is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in the said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 134 IS 2 AR 024111 DI 10.1063/1.3516517 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 709WK UT WOS:000286471900012 PM 21241084 ER PT J AU Hornung, P Maier, M Alushin, GM Lander, GC Nogales, E Westermann, S AF Hornung, Peter Maier, Michael Alushin, Gregory M. Lander, Gabriel C. Nogales, Eva Westermann, Stefan TI Molecular Architecture and Connectivity of the Budding Yeast Mtw1 Kinetochore Complex SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kinetochore; KMN network; chromosome segregation; force generation; microtubule ID MICROTUBULE ATTACHMENT SITE; OUTER KINETOCHORE; CENP-A; RING COMPLEX; PROTEIN; DAM1; SEGREGATION; CHECKPOINT; INTERFACE; CORE AB Kinetochores are large multiprotein complexes that connect centromeres to spindle microtubules in all eukaryotes. Among the biochemically distinct kinetochore complexes, the conserved four-protein Mtw1 complex is a central part of the kinetochore in all organisms. Here we present the biochemical reconstitution and characterization of the budding yeast Mtw1 complex. Direct visualization by electron microscopy revealed an elongated bilobed structure with a 25-nm-long axis. The complex can be assembled from two stable heterodimers consisting of Mtw1p-Nnf1p and Dsn1p-Nsl1p, and it interacts directly with the microtubule-binding Ndc80 kinetochore complex via the centromere-proximal Spc24/Spc25 head domain. In addition, we have reconstituted a partial Ctf19 complex and show that it directly associates with the Mtw1 complex in vitro. Ndc80 and Ctf19 complexes do not compete for binding to the Mtw1 complex, suggesting that Mtw1 can bridge the microtubule-binding components of the kinetochore to the inner centromere. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hornung, Peter; Maier, Michael; Westermann, Stefan] Res Inst Mol Pathol, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Alushin, Gregory M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lander, Gabriel C.; Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nogales, Eva] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA. RP Westermann, S (reprint author), Res Inst Mol Pathol, Dr Bohr Gasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM westermann@imp.ac.at RI Maier, Michael/O-8088-2015; OI Maier, Michael/0000-0001-8841-5283; Lander, Gabriel C./0000-0003-4921-1135 FU European Research Council under the European Community [FP7/2007-2013)]; European Research Council [203499]; Austrian Science Fund FWF [SFB F34-B03]; National Institutes of Health [PO1GM51487]; Damon Ranyon Foundation FX Research leading to these results received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (S.W.; FP7/2007-2013) /European Research Council grant (agreement no. 203499), the Austrian Science Fund FWF (S.W.; SFB F34-B03), the National Institutes of Health (E.N.; PO1GM51487), and the Damon Ranyon Foundation (G.C.L.). NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 405 IS 2 BP 548 EP 559 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.11.012 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 714ZN UT WOS:000286850300018 PM 21075115 ER PT J AU Kheifets, AS Bray, I Colgan, J Pindzola, MS AF Kheifets, A. S. Bray, I. Colgan, J. Pindzola, M. S. TI Interference effects in L-shell atomic double photoionization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTO DOUBLE-IONIZATION; HELIUM; AMPLITUDES; THRESHOLD AB Angular correlation pattern in two-electron continuum is very similar in double photoionization (DPI) of a neutral atom gamma + A -> A(2+) + 2e(-) and electron-impact ionization of the corresponding singly charged ion e(-) + A(+) -> A(2+) + 2e(-). This allows us to identify and interpret interference effects in DPI of various L-shell atomic targets such as the metastable He* 1s 2s 1 S and the ground state Li 1s(2)2s and Be 1s(2)2s(2). C1 [Kheifets, A. S.] Australian Natl Univ, RSPE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Kheifets, A. S.; Bray, I.] Curtin Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Pindzola, M. S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Kheifets, AS (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, RSPE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM A.Kheifets@anu.edu.au RI Kheifets, Anatoli/C-9131-2009; Academics, Ampl/B-8685-2012; Bray, Igor/B-8586-2009; OI Kheifets, Anatoli/0000-0001-8318-9408; Bray, Igor/0000-0001-7554-8044; Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC5206NA25396]; DOE; NSF FX We thank Tim Reddish and Alain Huetz for critical reading of the manuscript. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under contract no DE-AC5206NA25396. A portion of this work was performed through DOE and NSF grants to Auburn University. The computational work was carried out at the National Institute for Computational Sciences in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Resources of the Australian National Computational Infrastructure ( NCI) Facility and its Western Australian node iVEC are gratefully acknowledged. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 44 IS 1 AR 011002 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/44/1/011002 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 696PT UT WOS:000285454600002 ER PT J AU Chan, KT Lee, H Cohen, ML AF Chan, Kevin T. Lee, Hoonkyung Cohen, Marvin L. TI Gated adatoms on graphene studied with first-principles calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BILAYER GRAPHENE; BERRYS PHASE; GRAPHITE; GAS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; FORMALISM; FILMS AB A first-principles pseudopotential density functional method for studying the gating of adatoms on graphene is presented. A variation in gate voltage is assumed to vary the number of electrons in the adatom-graphene system. The method is applied to the cases of Li and Co on graphene. The projected density of states, charge density, and local electrostatic potential are computed as a function of gate voltage. In the case of Li, the calculations show that the Li adatom can be ionized by changing the gate voltage, and that the ionization is accompanied by a sharp change in the electrotstatic potential of the adatom. In the case of Co, correlation in the 3d shell is treated using the LDA+U method, with several values of the U parameter considered. For U = 2 eV or greater, an ionization effect analogous to the case of Li is found for the Co adatom. This result is consistent with recent scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments for Co on graphene. C1 [Chan, Kevin T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chan, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU National Science Foundation [DMR07-05941]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to Victor Brar and Regis Decker for useful discussions. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR07-05941 and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computational resources have been provided by DOE at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's NERSC facility and the Lawrencium computational cluster resource provided by the IT Division at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 63 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035405 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713WF UT WOS:000286767400001 ER PT J AU Andresen, GB Ashkezari, MD Baquero-Ruiz, M Bertsche, W Bowe, PD Butler, E Carpenter, PT Cesar, CL Chapman, S Charlton, M Fajans, J Friesen, T Fujiwara, MC Gill, DR Hangst, JS Hardy, WN Hayden, ME Humphries, AJ Hurt, JL Hydomako, R Jonsell, S Madsen, N Menary, S Nolan, P Olchanski, K Olin, A Povilus, A Pusa, P Robicheaux, F Sarid, E Silveira, DM So, C Storey, JW Thompson, RI van der Werf, DP Wurtele, JS Yamazaki, Y AF Andresen, G. B. Ashkezari, M. D. Baquero-Ruiz, M. Bertsche, W. Bowe, P. D. Butler, E. Carpenter, P. T. Cesar, C. L. Chapman, S. Charlton, M. Fajans, J. Friesen, T. Fujiwara, M. C. Gill, D. R. Hangst, J. S. Hardy, W. N. Hayden, M. E. Humphries, A. J. Hurt, J. L. Hydomako, R. Jonsell, S. Madsen, N. Menary, S. Nolan, P. Olchanski, K. Olin, A. Povilus, A. Pusa, P. Robicheaux, F. Sarid, E. Silveira, D. M. So, C. Storey, J. W. Thompson, R. I. van der Werf, D. P. Wurtele, J. S. Yamazaki, Y. CA ALPHA Collaboration TI Autoresonant Excitation of Antiproton Plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NONSTATIONARY EXCITATION; ANTIHYDROGEN AB We demonstrate controllable excitation of the center-of-mass longitudinal motion of a thermal antiproton plasma using a swept-frequency autoresonant drive. When the plasma is cold, dense, and highly collective in nature, we observe that the entire system behaves as a single-particle nonlinear oscillator, as predicted by a recent theory. In contrast, only a fraction of the antiprotons in a warm plasma can be similarly excited. Antihydrogen was produced and trapped by using this technique to drive antiprotons into a positron plasma, thereby initiating atomic recombination. C1 [Andresen, G. B.; Bowe, P. D.; Hangst, J. S.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Ashkezari, M. D.; Hayden, M. E.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Baquero-Ruiz, M.; Chapman, S.; Fajans, J.; Povilus, A.; So, C.; Wurtele, J. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertsche, W.; Butler, E.; Charlton, M.; Humphries, A. J.; Madsen, N.; van der Werf, D. P.] Swansea Univ, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Carpenter, P. T.; Hurt, J. L.; Robicheaux, F.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Cesar, C. L.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Friesen, T.; Hydomako, R.; Thompson, R. I.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Fujiwara, M. C.; Gill, D. R.; Olchanski, K.; Olin, A.; Storey, J. W.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hardy, W. N.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Jonsell, S.] Stockholm Univ, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Menary, S.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Nolan, P.; Pusa, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Sarid, E.] NRCN, Dept Phys, IL-8190 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Silveira, D. M.; Yamazaki, Y.] RIKEN, Atom Phys Lab, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Wurtele, J. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yamazaki, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. RP Andresen, GB (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RI Butler, Eoin/G-6413-2011; Bertsche, William/A-3678-2012; Madsen, Niels/G-3548-2013; 1, INCT/G-5846-2013; Informacao quantica, Inct/H-9493-2013; Jonsell, Svante/J-2251-2016; wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016; Fajans, Joel/J-6597-2016; Yamazaki, Yasunori/N-8018-2015; Robicheaux, Francis/F-4343-2014; OI Bertsche, William/0000-0002-6565-9282; Madsen, Niels/0000-0002-7372-0784; Jonsell, Svante/0000-0003-4969-1714; wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297; Fajans, Joel/0000-0002-4403-6027; Yamazaki, Yasunori/0000-0001-5712-0853; van der Werf, Dirk/0000-0001-5436-5214; Robicheaux, Francis/0000-0002-8054-6040; Butler, Eoin/0000-0003-0947-7166; Andresen, Gorm Bruun/0000-0002-4820-020X FU CNPq; FINEP/RENAFAE (Brazil); ISF (Israel); MEXT (Japan); FNU (Denmark); VR (Sweden); NSERC; NRC/TRIUMF; AIF; FQRNT (Canada); DOE; NSF (USA); EPSRC; Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust (UK) FX This work was supported by CNPq, FINEP/RENAFAE (Brazil), ISF (Israel), MEXT (Japan), FNU (Denmark), VR (Sweden), NSERC, NRC/TRIUMF, AIF, FQRNT (Canada), DOE, NSF (USA), and EPSRC, the Royal Society and the Leverhulme Trust (UK). NR 18 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 025002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.025002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713NE UT WOS:000286743900006 PM 21405235 ER PT J AU Tao, F Salmeron, M AF Tao, Franklin (Feng) Salmeron, Miquel TI In Situ Studies of Chemistry and Structure of Materials in Reactive Environments SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; CATALYST; OXYGEN; MICROSCOPY; NANOSCALE; REDUCTION; OXIDATION; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES AB Most materials and devices typically operate under specific environmental conditions, many of them highly reactive. Heterogeneous catalysts, for example, work under high pressure of reactants or in acidic solutions. The relationship between surface structure and composition of materials during operation and their chemical properties needs to be established in order to understand the mechanisms at work and to enable the design of new and better materials. Although studies of the structure, composition, chemical state, and phase transformation under working conditions are challenging, progress has been made in recent years in the development of new techniques that operate under a variety of realistic environments. With them, new chemistry and new structures of materials that are only present under reaction conditions have been uncovered. C1 [Tao, Franklin (Feng)] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Salmeron, Miquel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tao, F (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM ftao@nd.edu; mbsalmeron@lbl.gov FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Sustainable Energy Initiative, Radiation Lab, and Office of Research at University of Notre Dame FX This work was supported by the director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Sustainable Energy Initiative, Radiation Lab, and Office of Research at University of Notre Dame. F. T. would like to acknowledge K. Davis of the University of Notre Dame for assistance with the animation movie. NR 39 TC 161 Z9 164 U1 18 U2 263 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 331 IS 6014 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1126/science.1197461 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 709JA UT WOS:000286433100030 PM 21233377 ER PT J AU Jang, J Ferguson, DG Vakaryuk, V Budakian, R Chung, SB Goldbart, PM Maeno, Y AF Jang, J. Ferguson, D. G. Vakaryuk, V. Budakian, R. Chung, S. B. Goldbart, P. M. Maeno, Y. TI Observation of Half-Height Magnetization Steps in Sr2RuO4 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUPERFLUID HE-3; STATES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SINGULARITIES AB Spin-triplet superfluids can support exotic objects, such as half-quantum vortices characterized by the nontrivial winding of the spin structure. We present cantilever magnetometry measurements performed on mesoscopic samples of Sr2RuO4, a spin-triplet superconductor. With micrometer-sized annular-shaped samples, we observed transitions between integer fluxoid states as well as a regime characterized by "half-integer transitions"-steps in the magnetization with half the height of the ones we observed between integer fluxoid states. These half-height steps are consistent with the existence of half-quantum vortices in superconducting Sr2RuO4. C1 [Jang, J.; Ferguson, D. G.; Vakaryuk, V.; Budakian, R.; Goldbart, P. M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vakaryuk, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chung, S. B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Maeno, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Budakian, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM budakian@illinois.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Sciences through the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign [DEFG02-07ER46453]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan FX We thank D. Van Harlingen, M. Stone, E. Fradkin, E.-A. Kim, and H. Bluhm for valuable discussions and M. Ueda for helpful suggestions regarding the data analysis. In particular, the authors thank A. J. Leggett for his theoretical guidance. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Sciences, grant DEFG02-07ER46453 through the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign and the grants-in-aid for the Global Centers of Excellence "Next Generation of Physics" programs from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 13 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 6 U2 53 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 331 IS 6014 BP 186 EP 188 DI 10.1126/science.1193839 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 709JA UT WOS:000286433100034 PM 21233380 ER PT J AU Gilbert, NC Bartlett, SG Waight, MT Neau, DB Boeglin, WE Brash, AR Newcomer, ME AF Gilbert, Nathaniel C. Bartlett, Sue G. Waight, Maria T. Neau, David B. Boeglin, William E. Brash, Alan R. Newcomer, Marcia E. TI The Structure of Human 5-Lipoxygenase SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PURIFIED HUMAN 5-LIPOXYGENASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SOYBEAN LIPOXYGENASE-1; C2-LIKE DOMAIN; PROTEIN; SPECIFICITY; OXYGENATION; 8R-LIPOXYGENASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; DETERMINANTS AB The synthesis of both proinflammatory leukotrienes and anti-inflammatory lipoxins requires the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). 5-LOX activity is short-lived, apparently in part because of an intrinsic instability of the enzyme. We identified a 5-LOX-specific destabilizing sequence that is involved in orienting the carboxyl terminus, which binds the catalytic iron. Here, we report the crystal structure at 2.4 angstrom resolution of human 5-LOX stabilized by replacement of this sequence. C1 [Gilbert, Nathaniel C.; Bartlett, Sue G.; Waight, Maria T.; Newcomer, Marcia E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Neau, David B.] Argonne Natl Lab, NE Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Boeglin, William E.; Brash, Alan R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Newcomer, ME (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM newcomer@lsu.edu FU American Heart Association [MCB 08553920E]; NSF [0818387]; NIH [GM-15431]; Louisiana Governors' Biotechnology Initiative FX This work was funded in part by grants from the American Heart Association (MCB 08553920E) and NSF (0818387) to M.E.N. and from NIH (GM-15431) to A. R. B. Preliminary work was performed at the Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (Baton Rouge), funded in part by the Louisiana Governors' Biotechnology Initiative. X-ray data were collected at Beam Line 24-ID-E of NE-CAT at the Advanced Photon Source. Atomic coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession number 3O8Y. M.E.N., N.C.G., and S. G. B, have applied for a patent on the modified enzyme (Stable-5-LOX). For noncommercial use, the construct will be supplied subject to a material transfer agreement. NR 29 TC 144 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 14 PY 2011 VL 331 IS 6014 BP 217 EP 219 DI 10.1126/science.1197203 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 709JA UT WOS:000286433100043 PM 21233389 ER PT J AU Bobela, DC Taylor, PC Kuhns, P Reyes, A Edwards, A AF Bobela, David C. Taylor, P. Craig Kuhns, Phillip Reyes, Arneil Edwards, Arthur TI Antimony bonding in Ge-Sb-Te phase change materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The amorphous phase in some technologically important Ge-Sb-Te systems is still not well understood despite many models that exist to explain it. Using nuclear magnetic resonance, we demonstrate that Sb bonding in these systems follows the 8-N rule for chemical bonding in amorphous solids. We find that the Sb atoms preferentially bond to three atoms in a pyramidal configuration analogous to the sites occurring in Sb-S or Sb-Se systems. The data we present should be used as a guide for structural modeling of the amorphous phase. C1 [Bobela, David C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Taylor, P. Craig] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kuhns, Phillip; Reyes, Arneil] Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Edwards, Arthur] USAF, Res Lab, RVSE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Bobela, DC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9453-07-1-0202]; National Science Foundation [DMR 0702351] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA9453-07-1-0202 and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR 0702351. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 033201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.033201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713WB UT WOS:000286767000001 ER PT J AU Kjall, JA Pollmann, F Moore, JE AF Kjaell, Jonas A. Pollmann, Frank Moore, Joel E. TI Bound states and E-8 symmetry effects in perturbed quantum Ising chains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; MATRIX; MODEL; RENORMALIZATION; ENERGY AB In a recent experiment on CoNb2O6, R. Coldea et al. [Science 83, 177 (2010)] found experimental evidence of the exceptional Lie algebra E-8. The emergence of this symmetry was theoretically predicted long ago for the transverse quantum Ising chain in the presence of a weak longitudinal field. We consider an accurate microscopic model of CoNb2O6 incorporating additional couplings and calculate numerically the dynamical structure function using a recently developed matrix-product-state method. The excitation spectra show bound states characteristic of the weakly broken E-8 symmetry. We compare the observed bound-state signatures in this model to those found in the transverse Ising chain in a longitudinal field and to experimental data. C1 [Kjaell, Jonas A.; Pollmann, Frank; Moore, Joel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kjaell, Jonas A.; Moore, Joel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kjall, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jonaskjall@berkeley.edu RI Pollmann, Frank/L-5378-2013; Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761 FU DARPA; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation FX The authors thank R. Coldea for very useful correspondence. This work was supported by a grant from the Army Research Office with funding from the DARPA OLE program and by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (J.K.). NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 2 AR 020407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.020407 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713OJ UT WOS:000286747000002 ER PT J AU Zheng, D Zhang, GM Xiang, T Lee, DH AF Zheng, Dong Zhang, Guang-Ming Xiang, Tao Lee, Dung-Hai TI Continuous quantum phase transition between two topologically distinct valence bond solid states associated with the same spin value SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATES; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; BREAKING; MODELS; GAP AB We propose a one-dimensional quantum Heienberg spin-2 chain, which exhibits two topologically distinct valence bond solid states in two different solvable limits. We then construct the phase diagram and study the quantum phase transition between these two states using infinite time evolving block decimation algorithms. From the scaling relation between the entanglement entropy and the correlation length, we determine that the central charge for the underlying critical conformal field theory is around two. C1 [Zheng, Dong; Zhang, Guang-Ming] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xiang, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Xiang, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Lee, Dung-Hai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Dung-Hai] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zheng, D (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. FU NSF of China; MOST-China; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Hong-Hao Tu for stimulating discussions and earlier collaborations. We acknowledge the support of NSF of China and the National Program for Basic Research of MOST-China. D. H. L. was supported by DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.014409 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713LD UT WOS:000286738600003 ER PT J AU Hauser, J Dyer, KM Pasyanos, ME Bungum, H Faleide, JI Clark, SA Schweitzer, J AF Hauser, Juerg Dyer, Kathleen M. Pasyanos, Michael E. Bungum, Hilmar Faleide, Jan I. Clark, Stephen A. Schweitzer, Johannes TI A probabilistic seismic model for the European Arctic SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID BARENTS SEA REGION; UPPER-MANTLE; EARTHQUAKE LOCATION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; INVERSE PROBLEMS; TRAVEL-TIMES; SVALBARD; GRAVITY; TOMOGRAPHY AB The development of three-dimensional seismic models for the crust and upper mantle has traditionally focused on finding one model that provides the best fit to the data while observing some regularization constraints. In contrast to this, the inversion employed here fits the data in a probabilistic sense and thus provides a quantitative measure of model uncertainty. Our probabilistic model is based on two sources of information: (1) prior information, which is independent from the data, and (2) different geophysical data sets, including thickness constraints, velocity profiles, gravity data, surface wave group velocities, and regional body wave traveltimes. We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to sample models from the prior distribution, the set of plausible models, and test them against the data to generate the posterior distribution, the ensemble of models that fit the data with assigned uncertainties. While being computationally more expensive, such a probabilistic inversion provides a more complete picture of solution space and allows us to combine various data sets. The complex geology of the European Arctic, encompassing oceanic crust, continental shelf regions, rift basins and old cratonic crust, as well as the nonuniform coverage of the region by data with varying degrees of uncertainty, makes it a challenging setting for any imaging technique and, therefore, an ideal environment for demonstrating the practical advantages of a probabilistic approach. Maps of depth to basement and depth to Moho derived from the posterior distribution are in good agreement with previously published maps and interpretations of the regional tectonic setting. The predicted uncertainties, which are as important as the absolute values, correlate well with the variations in data coverage and quality in the region. A practical advantage of our probabilistic model is that it can provide estimates for the uncertainties of observables due to model uncertainties. We will demonstrate how this can be used for the formulation of earthquake location algorithms that take model uncertainties into account when estimating location uncertainties. C1 [Hauser, Juerg; Bungum, Hilmar; Schweitzer, Johannes] NORSAR, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway. [Dyer, Kathleen M.; Pasyanos, Michael E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Faleide, Jan I.; Clark, Stephen A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway. RP Hauser, J (reprint author), NORSAR, POB 53, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway. EM juerg@norsar.no RI Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Hauser, Juerg/B-7368-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JRNL-438574. Stephen Myers (LLNL) contributed the ground truth data. We thank The Norwegian Metacenter for Computational Science (NOTUR) for providing the necessary computational resources on the Titan III high-performance computing facilities. Figures were generated using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) software [Wessel and Smith, 1998]. The Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) is thanked for providing the depth to Moho and depth to basement data shown in Figures 7d and 8d. We thank Anatoli Levshin and Christian Weidle for providing us the phase readings and group velocity maps published by Levshin et al. [2007]. NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 116 AR B01303 DI 10.1029/2010JB007889 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 707YI UT WOS:000286327000001 ER PT J AU Donald, WA Leib, RD Demireva, M Negru, B Neumark, DM Williams, ER AF Donald, William A. Leib, Ryan D. Demireva, Maria Negru, Bogdan Neumark, Daniel M. Williams, Evan R. TI Average Sequential Water Molecule Binding Enthalpies of M(H2O)(19-124)(2+) (M = Co, Fe, Mn, and Cu) Measured with Ultraviolet Photodissociation at 193 and 248 nm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID INFRARED RADIATIVE DISSOCIATION; COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; HYDRATED ION NANOCALORIMETRY; TRIVALENT METAL-IONS; LIQUID-DROP MODEL; GAS-PHASE; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLUSTER ANIONS; THOMSON EQUATION AB The average sequential water molecule binding enthalpies to large water clusters (between 19 and 124 water molecules) containing divalent ions were obtained by measuring the average number of water molecules lost upon absorption of an UV photon (193 or 248 nm) and using a statistical model to account for the energy released into translations, rotations, and vibrations of the products. These values agree well with the trend established by more conventional methods for obtaining sequential binding enthalpies to much smaller hydrated divalent ions. The average binding enthalpies decrease to a value of similar to 10.4 kcal/mol for n > similar to 40 and are insensitive to the ion identity at large cluster size. This value is close to that of the bulk heat of vaporization of water (10.6 kcal/mol) and indicates that the structure of water in these clusters may more closely resemble that of bulk liquid water than ice, owing either to a freezing point depression or rapid evaporative cooling and kinetic trapping of the initial liquid droplet. A discrete implementation of the Thomson equation using parameters for liquid water at 0 degrees C generally fits the trend in these data but provides values that are similar to 0.5 kcal/mol too low. C1 [Donald, William A.; Leib, Ryan D.; Demireva, Maria; Negru, Bogdan; Neumark, Daniel M.; Williams, Evan R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Negru, Bogdan; Neumark, Daniel M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, ER (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Williams@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; Williams, Evan/I-3924-2013 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; FU American Chemical Society [47916-AC6]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0718790, CHE-1012833]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (47916-AC6) for support of this research. The authors thank the National Science Foundation (CHE-0718790 and CHE-1012833) for generous financial support. B.N. and D.M.N. acknowledge support from the Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 66 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 1 BP 2 EP 12 DI 10.1021/jp107547r PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 701LD UT WOS:000285818500002 PM 21142113 ER PT J AU Shu, DJ Xiong, X Wang, ZW Zhang, ZY Wang, M Ming, NB AF Shu, Da-Jun Xiong, Xiang Wang, Zhao-Wu Zhang, Zhenyu Wang, Mu Ming, Nai-Ben TI Atomistic Mechanisms and Diameter Selection during Nanorod Growth SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM GROWTH; ZNO NANOSTRUCTURES; DEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; ARRAYS; SIZE AB We study in this paper the atomic mechanisms of nanorod growth and propose the mechanism of diameter selection of nanorods. A characteristic radius is demonstrated to be crucial in nanorod growth. If the critical size of the two-dimensional nucleus is assumed to be 1, the characteristic radius increases proportional to 1/5 power of the ratio of the interlayer hopping rate of adatoms across the monolayer steps to the deposition rate. When the radius of the initial island is larger than this characteristic radius, a screening effect is important for nanorod growth. The growth morphology evolves from a taper-like structure to a nanorod with a radius equal to the characteristic radius after some transient layers, depending on the screening strength. When the radius of the initial island is smaller than this characteristic radius, the nanorod morphology can be maintained during the growth, with the stable radius being limited by both the radius of the initial island and the three-dimensional Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier. Therefore, different growth modes and the diameter of nanorod can be selected by changing the characteristic radius, via controlling the growth condition. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experimental observations of ZnO growth. C1 [Shu, Da-Jun; Xiong, Xiang; Wang, Zhao-Wu; Wang, Mu; Ming, Nai-Ben] Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Shu, Da-Jun; Xiong, Xiang; Wang, Zhao-Wu; Wang, Mu; Ming, Nai-Ben] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhang, Zhenyu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shu, DJ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. EM djshu@nju.edu.cn; muwang@nju.edu.cn FU NSF of China [10974079, 10874068, 11034005, 50972057]; Jiangsu Province [BK2008012]; MOST of China [2010CB630705]; DOE of China [NCET-09-0461]; U.S. DOE (Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-FG02-05ER46209]; U.S. NSF [DMR-0906025] FX This work was supported by the NSF of China (10974079, 10874068, 11034005 and 50972057) and the Jiangsu Province (BK2008012), MOST of China (2010CB630705), and the DOE of China (NCET-09-0461). Z.Z. acknowledges partial support by the U.S. DOE (Grant No. DE-FG02-05ER46209, the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences) and U.S. NSF Grant No. DMR-0906025. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1021/jp1060528 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 701LA UT WOS:000285818200006 ER PT J AU Petrik, NG Kimmel, GA AF Petrik, Nikolay G. Kimmel, Greg A. TI Electron- and Hole-Mediated Reactions in UV-Irradiated O-2 Adsorbed on Reduced Rutile TiO2(110) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; CHARGE-TRANSFER; DOMINANT ROLE; WATER FILMS; DISSOCIATION; TIO2; PHOTODESORPTION; ADSORPTION; SITES AB The ultraviolet (UV) photon-stimulated reactions in oxygen adsorbed on reduced TiO2(110) at low temperatures (<100 K) are studied. When a single O-2 is chemisorbed in each bridging oxygen vacancy, only similar to 14% of the O-2 desorbs after prolonged UV irradiation. For the remaining O-2 on the surface after irradiation, about one-half dissociates, and the other one-half is left in a nondissociated state that is inactive for hole-mediated photodesorption. For the maximum coverage of chemisorbed oxygen, the fraction of O-2 that photodesorbs increases substantially, but is still only similar to 40%. However, when physisorbed oxygen is also present, similar to 70% of the initially chemisorbed O-2 photodesorbs. On the basis of the experimental results, we propose that both hole- and electron-mediated reactions with O-2 chemisorbed on TiO2(110) are important. Hole-mediated reactions lead to O-2 photodesorption, while electron-mediated reactions lead to O-2 dissociation. The electron-mediated reactions explain the low total photodesorption yield when no physisorbed O-2 is present. For a fixed amount of chemisorbed O-18(2), its PSD yield increases substantially if O-16(2) is subsequently chemisorbed, indicating that the hole-mediated O-2 photodesorption probability depends on the charge state of the chemisorbed O-2; it decreases for more negatively charged O-2. Because the charge state of the chemisorbed O-2 depends on the total oxygen coverage, the coverage influences the photodesorption process. A simple model based on the oxygen coverage and the charge of the chemisorbed oxygen, which accounts for the observations, is presented. In the model, O-2 chemisorbs as either O-2(-) or O-2(2-) depending on the oxygen coverage. O-2(-) (O-2(2-)) reacting with a hole leads to O-2(0) desorption with a high (low) probability. O-2(2-) plus an electron typically leads to O-2 dissociation, while O-2(-) + e(-) does not lead to dissociation. C1 [Petrik, Nikolay G.; Kimmel, Greg A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kimmel, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM gregory.kimmel@pnl.gov RI Petrik, Nikolay/G-3267-2015; OI Petrik, Nikolay/0000-0001-7129-0752; Kimmel, Greg/0000-0003-4447-2440 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division; DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division. The work was performed at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 43 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 1 BP 152 EP 164 DI 10.1021/jp108909p PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 701LA UT WOS:000285818200023 ER PT J AU Gilbert, J O'Dor, R Vogel, T AF Gilbert, Jack O'Dor, Ronald Vogel, Timothy TI Survey data are still vital to science SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 [Gilbert, Jack] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [O'Dor, Ronald] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. [Vogel, Timothy] Univ Lyons, Lyon, France. RP Gilbert, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gilbertjack@gmail.com NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 469 IS 7329 BP 162 EP 162 DI 10.1038/469162a PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 705NO UT WOS:000286143400018 PM 21228857 ER PT J AU Dagotto, E AF Dagotto, Elbio TI CONDENSED-MATTER PHYSICS The conducting face of an insulator SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERFACES C1 [Dagotto, Elbio] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dagotto, Elbio] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dagotto, E (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM edagotto@utk.edu NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 469 IS 7329 BP 167 EP 168 DI 10.1038/469167a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 705NO UT WOS:000286143400025 PM 21228864 ER PT J AU Santander-Syro, AF Copie, O Kondo, T Fortuna, F Pailhes, S Weht, R Qiu, XG Bertran, F Nicolaou, A Taleb-Ibrahimi, A Le Fevre, P Herranz, G Bibes, M Reyren, N Apertet, Y Lecoeur, P Barthelemy, A Rozenberg, MJ AF Santander-Syro, A. F. Copie, O. Kondo, T. Fortuna, F. Pailhes, S. Weht, R. Qiu, X. G. Bertran, F. Nicolaou, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, A. Le Fevre, P. Herranz, G. Bibes, M. Reyren, N. Apertet, Y. Lecoeur, P. Barthelemy, A. Rozenberg, M. J. TI Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO3 SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID STRONTIUM TITANATE; INSULATOR; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; INTERFACE; OXIDES; BANDS AB As silicon is the basis of conventional electronics, so strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the foundation of the emerging field of oxide electronics(1,2). SrTiO3 is the preferred template for the creation of exotic, two-dimensional (2D) phases of electron matter at oxide interfaces(3-5) that have metal-insulator transitions(6,7), superconductivity(8,9) or large negative magnetoresistance(10). However, the physical nature of the electronic structure underlying these 2D electron gases (2DEGs), which is crucial to understanding their remarkable properties(11,12), remains elusive. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that there is a highly metallic universal 2DEG at the vacuum-cleaved surface of SrTiO3 (including the non-doped insulating material) independently of bulk carrier densities over more than seven decades. This 2DEG is confined within a region of about five unit cells and has a sheet carrier density of similar to 0.33 electrons per square lattice parameter. The electronic structure consists of multiple subbands of heavy and light electrons. The similarity of this 2DEG to those reported in SrTiO3-based heterostructures(6,8,13) and field-effect transistors(9,14) suggests that different forms of electron confinement at the surface of SrTiO3 lead to essentially the same 2DEG. Our discovery provides a model system for the study of the electronic structure of 2DEGs in SrTiO3-based devices and a novel means of generating 2DEGs at the surfaces of transition-metal oxides. C1 [Santander-Syro, A. F.; Fortuna, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Apertet, Y.; Lecoeur, P.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Elect Fondamentale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Santander-Syro, A. F.] UPMC, CNRS, ESPCI, Lab Phys & Etud Mat,UMR 8213, F-75231 Paris 5, France. [Copie, O.; Bibes, M.; Reyren, N.; Barthelemy, A.] Unite Mixte Phys CNRS Thales, F-91767 Palaiseau, France. [Copie, O.] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Kondo, T.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kondo, T.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pailhes, S.] CEA Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Weht, R.] Univ Nacl San Martin, Inst Sabato, CNEA, RA-1650 San Martin, Argentina. [Qiu, X. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Qiu, X. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Bertran, F.; Nicolaou, A.; Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.; Le Fevre, P.] CEA, CNRS, Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Herranz, G.] ICMAB CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Rozenberg, M. J.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Rozenberg, M. J.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Santander-Syro, AF (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, Batiment 104 & 108, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM andres.santander@csnsm.in2p3.fr RI BERTRAN, Francois/B-7515-2008; Santander-Syro, Andres/D-7017-2012; Bibes, Manuel/C-5899-2013; Herranz, Gervasi/G-2770-2014; Copie, Olivier/N-1398-2014; Kondo, Takeshi/H-2680-2016; OI BERTRAN, Francois/0000-0002-2416-0514; Santander-Syro, Andres/0000-0003-3966-2485; Bibes, Manuel/0000-0002-6704-3422; Herranz, Gervasi/0000-0003-4633-4367; Copie, Olivier/0000-0002-4261-433X; Reyren, Nicolas/0000-0002-7745-7282 FU ANR OXITRONICS; CNRS-CSIC [PICS2008FR1]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0537588]; US DOE [W-7405-ENG-82]; CONICET [PIP 112-200801-00047]; ANPCyT [PICT 837/07]; MOST and NSF of China; Spanish Government [MAT2008-06761-C03, NANOSELECT CSD2007-00041] FX We are grateful to N. Bontemps, R. Claessen, Y. Fagot-Revurat, M. Gabay, I. C. Infante, D. Malterre, A. J. Millis and F. Reinert for discussions, to E. Jacquet for help with the sample preparation and to R. Guerrero for help with the transport measurements. This work was supported by the ANR OXITRONICS and the CNRS-CSIC PICS 'POSTIT' project under grant number PICS2008FR1. The Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, is supported by the National Science Foundation under award no. DMR-0537588. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the US DOE by Iowa State University under contract number W-7405-ENG-82. R. W. is a research fellow of CONICET-Argentina, supported by CONICET (grant PIP 112-200801-00047) and ANPCyT grant PICT 837/07. X. G. Q. is supported by the MOST and NSF of China, and G. H. is supported by the Spanish Government under project numbers MAT2008-06761-C03 and NANOSELECT CSD2007-00041. NR 30 TC 299 Z9 299 U1 22 U2 264 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 469 IS 7329 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1038/nature09720 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 705NO UT WOS:000286143400033 PM 21228872 ER PT J AU Abuin, L Bargeton, B Ulbrich, MH Isacoff, EY Kellenberger, S Benton, R AF Abuin, Liliane Bargeton, Benoite Ulbrich, Maximilian H. Isacoff, Ehud Y. Kellenberger, Stephan Benton, Richard TI Functional Architecture of Olfactory Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors SO NEURON LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA ODORANT RECEPTORS; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; LIGAND-BINDING CORE; GATED ION CHANNELS; FINE-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS; CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS; EXPRESSION; KAINATE; AMPA AB Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate chemical communication between neurons at synapses. A variant iGluR subfamily, the Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), was recently proposed to detect environmental volatile chemicals in olfactory cilia. Here, we elucidate how these peripheral chemosensors have evolved mechanistically from their iGluR ancestors. Using a Drosophila model, we demonstrate that IRs act in combinations of up to three subunits, comprising individual odor-specific receptors and one or two broadly expressed coreceptors. Heteromeric IR complex formation is necessary and sufficient for trafficking to cilia and mediating odor-evoked electrophysiological responses in vivo and in vitro. IRs display heterogeneous ion conduction specificities related to their variable pore sequences, and divergent ligand-binding domains function in odor recognition and cilia localization. Our results provide insights into the conserved and distinct architecture of these olfactory and synaptic ion channels and offer perspectives into the use of IRs as genetically encoded chemical sensors. C1 [Abuin, Liliane; Benton, Richard] Univ Lausanne, Ctr Integrat Genom, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Bargeton, Benoite; Kellenberger, Stephan] Univ Lausanne, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Ulbrich, Maximilian H.; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ulbrich, Maximilian H.; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Benton, R (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Ctr Integrat Genom, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM richard.benton@unil.ch FU Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-117717]; NIH [R01NS035549]; NSF [FIBR 0623527]; European Research Council FX We thank Yael Grosjean for sharing the IR84a mutant prior to publication, Raphael Rytz for generating the tree in Figure 1A, and Michael Saina for analyzing IR8a expression in axon termini. We acknowledge Kazushige Touhara for use of pXpress, Roger Tsien for use of mCherry, the Bloomington Stock Center for Drosophila strains, and the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank for monoclonal antibodies. We are grateful to Sophie Martin, Chun Tang, and members of the Benton group for discussions and comments on the manuscript. Research in S.K.'s laboratory is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A-117717). Research in E.Y.I.'s laboratory is supported by the NIH (R01NS035549) and NSF (FIBR 0623527). This work was funded by a European Research Council Starting Independent Researcher Grant to R.B. NR 67 TC 146 Z9 147 U1 3 U2 49 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0896-6273 EI 1097-4199 J9 NEURON JI Neuron PD JAN 13 PY 2011 VL 69 IS 1 BP 44 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.042 PG 17 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 709NB UT WOS:000286446300007 PM 21220098 ER PT J AU Koyalchenko, AM Elam, JW Erdemir, A Carlisle, JA Auciello, O Libera, JA Pellin, MJ Gruen, DM Hryn, JN AF Koyalchenko, A. M. Elam, J. W. Erdemir, A. Carlisle, J. A. Auciello, O. Libera, J. A. Pellin, M. J. Gruen, D. M. Hryn, J. N. TI Development of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) coatings for multipurpose mechanical pump seals SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE CVD coatings; Ultrananocrystalline diamond; Seals; Wear testing; Electron microscopy; Profilometry ID FILMS; INTERFACE AB The reliability and performance of silicon carbide (SiC) shaft seals on multipurpose mechanical pumps are improved by applying a protective coating of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD). UNCD exhibits extreme hardness (97 GPa), low friction (0.1 in air) and outstanding chemical resistance. Consequently, the application of UNCD coatings to multipurpose mechanical pump seals can reduce frictional energy losses and eliminate the downtime and hazardous emissions from seal failure and leakage. In this study, UNCD films were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition utilizing an argon/methane gas mixture. Prior to coating, the SiC seals were subjected to mechanical polishing using different grades of micron-sized diamond powder to produce different starting surfaces with well-controlled surface roughnesses. Following this roughening process, the seals were seeded by mechanical abrasion with diamond nanopowder, and subsequently coated with UNCD. The coated seals were subjected to dynamic wear testing performed at 3600 RPM and 100 psi for up to 10 days during which the seals were periodically removed and inspected. The UNCD-coated seals were examined using Raman microanalysis, scanning electron microscopy, optical profilometry, and adhesion testing before and after the wear testing. These analyses revealed that delamination of the UNCD films was prevented when the initial SiC seal surface had an initial roughness >0.1 mu m. In addition, the UNCD surfaces showed no measurable wear as compared to approximately 0.2 mu m of wear for the untreated SiC surfaces. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Koyalchenko, A. M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Mfg Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Elam, J. W.; Erdemir, A.; Carlisle, J. A.; Auciello, O.; Libera, J. A.; Pellin, M. J.; Gruen, D. M.; Hryn, J. N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koyalchenko, AM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Mfg Res Ctr, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM andrii.kovalchenko@gatech.edu RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 FU U.S. Department of Energy, BES-Materials Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, BES-Materials Sciences under Contract W-31-109-ENG-38. Funding for this work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies Program, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Electron microscopy was performed at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. The authors are grateful to the Flowserve Corporation for providing the SiC seals used in this study. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JAN 12 PY 2011 VL 270 IS 3-4 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2010.10.059 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 713ET UT WOS:000286718500024 ER PT J AU Jones, RE Zimmerman, JA Oswald, J Belytschko, T AF Jones, R. E. Zimmerman, J. A. Oswald, J. Belytschko, T. TI An atomistic J-integral at finite temperature based on Hardy estimates of continuum fields SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FREE-ENERGY-MINIMIZATION; DEFECT PROPERTIES; SHOCK-WAVES; SOLIDS; FRACTURE; CRYSTALS; METALS AB In this work we apply a material-frame, kernel-based estimator of continuum fields to atomic data in order to estimate the J-integral for the analysis of an atomically sharp crack at finite temperatures. Instead of the potential energy appropriate for zero temperature calculations, we employ the quasi-harmonic free energy as an estimator of the Helmholtz free energy required by the Eshelby stress in isothermal conditions. We employ the simplest of the quasi-harmonic models, the local harmonic model of LeSar and co-workers, and verify that it is adequate for correction of the zero temperature J-integral expression for various deformation states for our Lennard-Jones test material. We show that this method has the properties of: consistency among the energy, stress and deformation fields; path independence of the contour integrals of the Eshelby stress; and excellent correlation with linear elastic fracture mechanics theory. C1 [Jones, R. E.; Zimmerman, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Oswald, J.; Belytschko, T.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Jones, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rjones@sandia.gov RI Belytschko, Ted/B-6710-2009; Zimmerman, Jonathan/A-8019-2012; Oswald, Jay/M-9609-2013 OI Oswald, Jay/0000-0001-9902-8043 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 12 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 1 AR 015002 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/23/1/015002 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 690KJ UT WOS:000285003400004 PM 21406817 ER PT J AU Meek, ST Greathouse, JA Allendorf, MD AF Meek, Scott T. Greathouse, Jeffery A. Allendorf, Mark D. TI Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Rapidly Growing Class of Versatile Nanoporous Materials SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID POROUS COORDINATION POLYMERS; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; HYDROGEN STORAGE; XYLENE ISOMERS; DRUG-DELIVERY; FORCE-FIELD; INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS; SOLVOTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AB Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a new class of hybrid organic-inorganic supramolecular materials comprised of ordered networks formed from organic electron donor linkers and metal cations. They can exhibit extremely high surface areas, as well as tunable pore size and functionality, and can act as hosts for a variety of guest molecules. Since their discovery, MOFs have enjoyed extensive exploration, with applications ranging from gas storage to drug delivery to sensing. This review covers advances in the MOF field from the past three years, focusing on applications, including gas separation, catalysis, drug delivery, optical and electronic applications, and sensing. We also summarize recent work on methods for MOF synthesis and computational modeling. C1 [Meek, Scott T.; Allendorf, Mark D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Greathouse, Jeffery A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Allendorf, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mdallen@sandia.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [074325I-0]; US Dept. of Energy Office of Proliferation Detection; Sandia Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under contract 074325I-0; the US Dept. of Energy Office of Proliferation Detection Advanced Materials Program; and the Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 167 TC 602 Z9 611 U1 161 U2 1207 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 2 BP 249 EP 267 DI 10.1002/adma.201002854 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 702HY UT WOS:000285886400006 PM 20972981 ER PT J AU Service, RJ Yano, J McConnell, I Hwang, HJ Niks, D Hille, R Wydrzynski, T Burnap, RL Hillier, W Debus, RJ AF Service, Rachel J. Yano, Junko McConnell, Iain Hwang, Hong Jin Niks, Dimitri Hille, Russ Wydrzynski, Tom Burnap, Robert L. Hillier, Warwick Debus, Richard J. TI Participation of Glutamate-354 of the CP43 Polypeptide in the Ligation of Manganese and the Binding of Substrate Water in Photosystem II SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; FTIR DIFFERENCE SPECTROSCOPY; S-STATE CYCLE; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; TYROSINE Y-Z; PHOTOSYNTHETIC MN4CA CLUSTER; BACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; SYNECHOCYSTIS SP PCC6803 AB In the current X-ray crystallographic structural models of photosystem II, Glu354 of the CP43 polypeptide is the only amino acid ligand of the oxygen-evolving Mn(4)Ca cluster that is not provided by the D1 polypeptide. To further explore the influence of this structurally unique residue on the properties of the Mn(4)Ca cluster, the CP43-E354Q mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was characterized with a variety of biophysical and spectroscopic methods, including polarography, EPR, X-ray absorption, FTIR, and mass spectrometry. The kinetics of oxygen release in the mutant were essentially unchanged from those in wild type. In addition, the oxygen flash yields exhibited normal period four oscillations having normal S state parameters, although the yields were lower, correlating with the mutant's lower steady-state rate (approximately 20% compared to wild type). Experiments conducted with H(2)(18)O showed that the fast and slow phases of substrate water exchange in CP43-E354Q thylakoid membranes were accelerated 8.5- and 1.8-fold, respectively, in the S(3) state compared to wild type. Purified oxygen-evolving CP43-E354Q PSII core complexes exhibited a slightly altered S(1) state Mn-EXAFS spectrum, a slightly altered S(2) state multiline EPR signal, a substantially altered S(2)-minus-S(1) FTIR difference spectrum, and an unusually long lifetime for the S(2) state (> 10 h) in a substantial fraction of reaction centers. In contrast, the S(2) state Mn-EXAFS spectrum was nearly indistinguishable from that of wild type. The S(2)-minus-S(1) FTIR difference spectrum showed alterations throughout the amide and carboxylate stretching regions. Global labeling with (15)N and specific labeling with L-[1-(13)C]alanine revealed that the mutation perturbs both amide II and carboxylate stretching modes and shifts the symmetric carboxylate stretching modes of the alpha-COO(-) group of D1-Ala344 (the C-terminus of the D1 polypeptide) to higher frequencies by 3-4 cm(-1) in both the S(1) and S(2) states. The EPR and FTIR data implied that 76-82% of CP43-E354Q PSII centers can achieve the S(2) state and that most of these can achieve the S(3) state, but no evidence for advancement beyond the S(3) state was observed in the FTIR data, at least not in a majority of PSII centers. Although the X-ray absorption and EPR data showed that the CP43-E354Q mutation only subtly perturbs the structure and spin state of the Mn(4)Ca cluster in the S(2) state, the FTIR and H(2)(18)O exchange data show that the mutation strongly influences other properties of the Mn(4)Ca cluster, altering the response of numerous carboxylate and amide groups to the increased positive charge that develops on the cluster during the S(1) to S(2) transition and weakening the binding of both substrate water molecules (or water-derived ligands), especially the one that exchanges rapidly in the S(3) state. The FTIR data provide evidence that CP43-Glu354 coordinates to the Mn(4)Ca cluster in the S(1) state as a bridging ligand between two metal ions but provide no compelling evidence that this residue changes its coordination mode during the S(1) to S(2) transition. The H(2)(18)O exchange data provide evidence that CP43-Glu354 interacts with the Mn ion that ligats the substrate water molecule (or water-derived ligand) that is in rapid exchange in the S(3) state. C1 [Service, Rachel J.; Niks, Dimitri; Hille, Russ; Debus, Richard J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biochem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Yano, Junko] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McConnell, Iain; Wydrzynski, Tom; Hillier, Warwick] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hwang, Hong Jin; Burnap, Robert L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Debus, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biochem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM richard.debus@ucr.edu RI Hillier, Warwick/D-1034-2009 FU National Institutes of Health [GM 076232]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0818371]; Australian Research Council [FT0990972]; Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Support for this work was provided by the National Institutes of Health (GM 076232 to R.J.D.), the National Science Foundation (MCB-0818371 to R.L.B.), the Australian Research Council (FT0990972 to W.H.), and the Department of Energy, Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division (Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 to J.Y.). NR 125 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 63 EP 81 DI 10.1021/bi1015937 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 700BI UT WOS:000285706700007 PM 21114287 ER PT J AU Narayanan, M Tong, S Koritala, R Ma, BH Pol, VG Balachandran, U AF Narayanan, Manoj Tong, Sheng Koritala, Rachel Ma, Beihai Pol, Vilas G. Balachandran, U. TI Sol-Gel Synthesis of High-Quality SrRuO3 Thin-Film Electrodes Suppressing the Formation of Detrimental RuO2 and the Dielectric Properties of Integrated Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate Films SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL SOLUTION DEPOSITION; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THERMAL-ANALYSIS; CAPACITORS; MICROSTRUCTURES; FABRICATION; SUBSTRATE; FATIGUE; SRTIO3 AB A facile solution chemistry is demonstrated to fabricate high-quality polycrystalline strontium ruthenium oxide (SrRuO3) thin film electrodes on silicon substrates suppressing the formation of undesired ruthenium oxide (RuO2) for the deposition of dielectric and ferroelectric materials like lead lanthanum zirconatc titanate (PLZT). The robust, highly crystalline SrRuO3 film fabrication process does not favor the formation of RuO2 because of molecular level modification of the precursors possessing analogous melting points, yielding homogeneous films. This chemistry is further understood and complemented by kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the DTA data under non-isothermal conditions, with which the activation energies to form RuO2 and SrRuO3 were calculated to be 156 +/- 17 and 96 +/- 10 kJ/mol, respectively. The room-temperature resistivity of the SrRuO3 film was measured to be similar to 850 +/- 50 42 mu Omega cm on silicon (100) substrates. The dielectric properties of sol gel-derived PLZT thin film capacitors on polycrystalline SrRuO3 electrodes were also measured to illustrate the high quality of the formed SrRuO3 bottom electrode. These results have broad implications for the expanded use of these conductive oxide electrodes in many applications that require low thermal budgets. The PLZT (8/52/48) films exhibited well-defined hysteresis loops with remanent polarization of similar to 10.5 mu C/cm(2), dielectric constant of > 1450, dielectric loss of < 0.06, and leakage current density of similar to 3.8 x 10(-8) A/cm(2). These dielectric properties are similar to those of F'LZT on platinized silicon, indicating the high quality of the bottom conductive oxide layer. In addition, the PLZT capacitors were essentially fatigue free for > 1 x 10(9) cycles when deposited over an oxide electrode. C1 [Narayanan, Manoj; Tong, Sheng; Ma, Beihai; Balachandran, U.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Koritala, Rachel] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pol, Vilas G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Narayanan, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mnarayanan@anl.gov RI Tong, Sheng/A-2129-2011; Koritala, Rachel/F-1774-2011; Narayanan, Manoj/A-4622-2011; Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Tong, Sheng/0000-0003-0355-7368; Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies [DEAC02-06CH11357]; UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies Program, under Contract DEAC02-06CH11357. The electron microscopy was accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. Special thanks to Dr. Robert W. Schwartz at Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, and Dr. Wei Li (MSD) at Argonne National Laboratory for their valuable comments on the manuscript. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 1 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1021/cm102136f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 700GV UT WOS:000285726900015 ER PT J AU Stock, SR Yuan, F Brinson, LC Almer, JD AF Stock, S. R. Yuan, Fang Brinson, L. C. Almer, J. D. TI Internal strain gradients quantified in bone under load using high-energy X-ray scattering SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray diffraction; Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS); Internal stress measurement; Bone; Finite element analysis ID CORTICAL BONE; CARBONATED APATITE; COLLAGEN PHASES; DIFFRACTION; DEFORMATION; PARAMETERS; TEXTURE; HAP AB High-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering ( > 60 keV) allows noninvasive quantification of internal strains within bone. In this proof-of-principle study, wide angle X-ray scattering maps internal strain vs position in cortical bone (murine tibia, bovine femur) under compression, specifically using the response of the mineral phase of carbonated hydroxyapatite. The technique relies on the response of the carbonated hydroxyapatite unit cells and their Debye cones (from nanocrystals correctly oriented for diffraction) to applied stress. Unstressed, the Debye cones produce circular rings on the two-dimensional X-ray detector while applied stress deforms the rings to ellipses centered on the transmitted beam. Ring ellipticity is then converted to strain via standard methods. Strain is measured repeatedly, at each specimen location for each applied stress. Experimental strains from wide angle X-ray scattering and an attached strain gage show bending of the rat tibia and agree qualitatively with results of a simplified finite element model. At their greatest, the apatite-derived strains approach 2500 mu epsilon on one side of the tibia and are near zero on the other. Strains maps around a hole in the femoral bone block demonstrate the effect of the stress concentrator as loading increased and agree qualitatively with the finite element model. Experimentally, residual strains of approximately 2000 mu epsilon are present initially, and strain rises to approximately 4500 mu epsilon at 95 MPa applied stress (about 1000 mu epsilon above the strain in the surrounding material). The experimental data suggest uneven loading which is reproduced qualitatively with finite element modeling. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stock, S. R.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Yuan, Fang; Brinson, L. C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Brinson, L. C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Almer, J. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stock, SR (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Mail Code S-215,303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM s-stock@northwestern.edu RI Brinson, L. Catherine/B-6678-2009; Brinson, L Catherine/B-1315-2013 OI Brinson, L Catherine/0000-0003-2551-1563 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 291 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.10.015 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 722WP UT WOS:000287466300013 PM 21051040 ER PT J AU Bi, XH Patil, CA Lynch, CC Pharr, GM Mahadevan-Jansen, A Nyman, JS AF Bi, Xiaohong Patil, Chetan A. Lynch, Conor C. Pharr, George M. Mahadevan-Jansen, Anita Nyman, Jeffry S. TI Raman and mechanical properties correlate at whole bone- and tissue-levels in a genetic mouse model SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Raman; Bone quality; Nanoindentation; Micro-CT; Fracture risk ID HUMAN CORTICAL BONE; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; MINERAL-CONTENT; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; BENDING STRENGTH; HUMAN FEMUR; IN-VIVO; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULUS AB The fracture resistance of bone arises from the composition, orientation, and distribution of the primary constituents at each hierarchical level of organization. Therefore, to establish the relevance of Raman spectroscopy (RS) in identifying differences between strong or tough bone and weak or brittle bone, we investigated whether Raman-derived properties could explain the variance in biomechanical properties at both the whole bone and the tissue-level, and do so independently of traditional measurements of mineralization. We harvested femurs from wild-type mice and mice lacking matrix metalloproteinase 2 because the mutant mice have a known reduction in mineralization. Next, RS quantified compositional properties directly from the intact diaphysis followed by micro-computed tomography to quantify mineralization density (Ct.TMD). Correlations were then tested for significance between these properties and the biomechanical properties as determined by the three-point bending test on the same femurs. Harvested tibia were embedded in plastic, sectioned transversely, and polished in order to acquire average Raman properties per specimen that were then correlated with average nanoindentation properties per specimen. Dividing the v(1) phosphate by the proline peak intensity provided the strongest correlation between the mineral-to-collagen ratio and the biomechanical properties (whole bone modulus, strength, and post-yield deflection plus nanoindentation modulus). Moreover, the linear combination of v(1) phosphate/proline and Ct.TMD provided the best explanation of the variance in strength between the genotypes, and it alone was the best explanatory variable for brittleness. Causal relationships between Raman and fracture resistance need to be investigated, but Raman has the potential to assess fracture risk. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bi, Xiaohong; Patil, Chetan A.; Mahadevan-Jansen, Anita] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Nyman, Jeffry S.] Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Res Serv, Nashville, TN USA. [Lynch, Conor C.; Nyman, Jeffry S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Pharr, George M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pharr, George M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Nyman, Jeffry S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Ctr Bone Biol, Nashville, TN USA. RP Nyman, JS (reprint author), Vanderbilt Orthopaed Inst, Med Ctr E, South Tower,Suite 4200, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM jeffry.s.nyman@vanderbilt.edu RI Nyman, Jeffry/L-5736-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [U54 CA126505-03, U54-CA126505, U54 CA126505] NR 67 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 297 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.10.009 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 722WP UT WOS:000287466300014 PM 21035119 ER PT J AU Buchanan, JL Gilbert, RP Ou, MJY AF Buchanan, James L. Gilbert, Robert P. Ou, Miao-jung Y. TI Wavelet decomposition of transmitted ultrasound wave through a 1-D muscle-bone system SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Ultrasound; Muscle-cortical-cancellous bone; Biot-Johnson-Koplik-Dashen model; Transfer functions; Travel-time exponentials decomposition ID CANCELLOUS BONE; FREQUENCY RANGE; ELASTIC WAVES; POROUS-MEDIA; PROPAGATION AB In the attempt for using ultrasound as a diagnostic device for osteoporosis, several authors have described the result of the in vitro experiment in which ultrasound is passed through a cancellous bone specimen placed in a water tank. However, in the in vivo setting, a patient's cancellous bone is surrounded by cortical and muscle layers. This paper considers in the one-dimensional case (1) what effect the cortical bone segments surrounding the cancellous segment would have on the received signal and (2) what the received signal would be when a source and receiver are placed on opposite sides of a structure consisting of a cancellous segment surrounded by cortical and muscle layers. Mathematically this is accomplished by representing the received signal as a sum of wavelets which go through different reflection-transmission histories at the muscle-cortical bone and cortical-cancellous bone interfaces. The muscle and cortical bone are modeled as elastic materials and the cancellous bone as a poroelastic material described by the Biot-Johnson-Koplik-Dashen model. The approach presented here permits the assessment of which possible paths of transmission and reflection through the cortical-cancellous or muscle-cortical-cancellous complex will result in significant contributions to the received waveform. This piece of information can be useful for solving the inverse problem of non-destructive assessment of material properties of bone. Our methodology can be generalized to three-dimensional parallelly layered structure by first applying Fourier transform in the directions perpendicular to the transverse direction. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ou, Miao-jung Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gilbert, Robert P.] Univ Delaware, Dept Math Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Buchanan, James L.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ou, MJY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mou@utk.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 352 EP 358 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.10.030 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 722WP UT WOS:000287466300021 PM 21092969 ER PT J AU Feng, YJ Jaramillo, R Banerjee, A Honig, JM Rosenbaum, TF AF Feng, Yejun Jaramillo, R. Banerjee, A. Honig, J. M. Rosenbaum, T. F. TI Magnetism, structure, and charge correlation at a pressure-induced Mott-Hubbard insulator-metal transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NIS2-XSEX SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PYRITE-STRUCTURE; NIS2; DYNAMICS; SULFIDES; SYSTEM AB We use synchrotron x-ray diffraction and electrical transport under pressure to probe both the magnetism and the structure of single-crystal NiS2 across its Mott-Hubbard transition. In the insulator, the low-temperature antiferromagnetic order results from superexchange among correlated electrons and couples to a (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) superlattice distortion. Applying pressure suppresses the insulating state, but enhances the magnetism as the superexchange increases with decreasing lattice constant. By comparing our results under pressure to previous studies of doped crystals, we show that this dependence of the magnetism on the lattice constant is consistent for both band broadening and band filling. In the high-pressure metallic phase the lattice symmetry is reduced from cubic to monoclinic, pointing to the primary influence of charge correlations at the transition. There exists a wide regime of phase separation that may be a general characteristic of correlated quantum matter. C1 [Feng, Yejun] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Feng, Yejun; Banerjee, A.; Rosenbaum, T. F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Feng, Yejun; Banerjee, A.; Rosenbaum, T. F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Jaramillo, R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA. [Honig, J. M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Feng, YJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Feng, Yejun/A-5417-2009; OI Feng, Yejun/0000-0003-3667-056X; , /0000-0003-3116-6719; Banerjee, Arnab/0000-0002-3088-6071 FU NSF [DMR-0907025]; U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences [NEAC02-06CH11357] FX We are grateful to D. Robinson and J.-W. Kim for technical support at 6-ID-B of the Advanced Photon Source, and to X. Yao for growth of the crystals. The work at the University of Chicago was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR-0907025. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. NEAC02-06CH11357. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035106 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713VS UT WOS:000286766100001 ER PT J AU Maniadis, P Alexandrov, BS Bishop, AR Rasmussen, KO AF Maniadis, P. Alexandrov, B. S. Bishop, A. R. Rasmussen, K. O. TI Feigenbaum cascade of discrete breathers in a model of DNA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; NONLINEAR LATTICES; EXISTENCE; DYNAMICS AB We demonstrate that period-doubled discrete breathers appear from the anticontinuum limit of the driven Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model of DNA. These novel breathers result from a stability overlap between subharmonic solutions of the driven Morse oscillator. Subharmonic breathers exist whenever a stability overlap is present within the Feigenbaum cascade to chaos and therefore an entire cascade of such breathers exists. This phenomenon is present in any driven lattice where the on-site potential admits subharmonic solutions. In DNA these breathers may have ramifications for cellular gene expression. C1 [Maniadis, P.; Alexandrov, B. S.; Bishop, A. R.; Rasmussen, K. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maniadis, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Maniadis, Panagiotis/A-7861-2012; Alexandrov, Boian/D-2488-2010 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Alexandrov, Boian/0000-0001-8636-4603 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This research was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 011904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.011904 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 713RZ UT WOS:000286756400007 PM 21405710 ER PT J AU Mithen, JP Daligault, J Gregori, G AF Mithen, James P. Daligault, Jerome Gregori, Gianluca TI Extent of validity of the hydrodynamic description of ions in dense plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RAY THOMSON SCATTERING; ONE-COMPONENT-PLASMA; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; SYSTEMS; MATTER; LIMIT AB We show that the hydrodynamic description can be applied to modeling the ionic response in dense plasmas for a wide range of length scales that are experimentally accessible. Using numerical simulations for the Yukawa model, we find that the maximum wave number k(max) at which the hydrodynamic description applies is independent of the coupling strength, given by k(max)lambda(s) similar or equal to 0.43, where lambda(s) is the ionic screening length. Our results show that the hydrodynamic description can be used for interpreting x-ray scattering data from fourth generation light sources and high power lasers. In addition, our investigation sheds new light on how the domain of validity of the hydrodynamic description depends on both the microscopic properties and the thermodynamic state of fluids in general. C1 [Mithen, James P.; Gregori, Gianluca] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Daligault, Jerome] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mithen, JP (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM james.mithen@physics.ox.ac.uk FU University of Oxford; EPSRC [EP/G007187/1]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by the John Fell Fund at the University of Oxford and by EPSRC Grant No. EP/G007187/1. The work of J.D. was performed for the US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 015401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.015401 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 713SA UT WOS:000286756500001 PM 21405737 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Ancu, LS Aoki, M Arnoud, Y Arov, M Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Avila, C BackusMayes, J Badaud, F Bagby, L Baldin, B Bandurin, DV Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bazterra, V Beale, S Bean, A Begalli, M Begel, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bellantoni, L Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, K Boehnlein, A Boline, D Bolton, TA Boos, EE Borissov, G Bose, T Brandt, A Brandt, O Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brown, D Brown, J Bu, XB Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Bunichev, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Buszello, CP Calpas, B Camacho-Perez, E Carrasco-Lizarraga, MA Casey, BCK Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chen, G Chevalier-Thery, S Cho, DK Cho, SW Choi, S Choudhary, B Christoudias, T Cihangir, S Claes, D Clutter, J Cooke, M Cooper, WE Corcoran, M Couderc, F Cousinou, MC Croc, A Cutts, D Cwiok, M Das, A Davies, G De, K de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S DeVaughan, K Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Dominguez, A Dorland, T Dubey, A Dudko, LV Duggan, D Duperrin, A Dutt, S Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Enari, Y Eno, S Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Facini, G Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fuess, S Gadfort, T Garcia-Bellido, A Gavrilov, V Gay, P Geist, W Geng, W Gerbaudo, D Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golovanov, G Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Grenier, G Gris, P Grivaz, JF Grohsjean, A Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guo, F Guo, J Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hagopian, S Haley, J Han, L Harder, K Harel, A Hauptman, JM Hays, J Head, T Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Hegab, H Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Heredia-De La Cruz, I Herner, K Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hoang, T Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hossain, S Hubacek, Z Huske, N Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jamin, D Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Johnston, D Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Joshi, J Juste, A Kaadze, K Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Kasper, PA Katsanos, I Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Khalatyan, N Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YN Khatidze, D Kirby, MH Kohli, JM Kozelov, AV Kraus, J Kumar, A Kupco, A Kurca, T Kuzmin, VA Kvita, J Lammers, S Landsberg, G Lebrun, P Lee, HS Lee, SW Lee, WM Lellouch, J Li, L Li, QZ Lietti, SM Lim, JK Lincoln, D Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Liu, Y Liu, Z Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Love, P Lubatti, HJ Luna-Garcia, R Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Mackin, D Madar, R Magana-Villalba, R Malik, S Malyshev, VL Maravin, Y Martinez-Ortega, J McCarthy, R McGivern, CL Meijer, MM Melnitchouk, A Menezes, D Mercadante, PG Merkin, M Meyer, A Meyer, J Mondal, NK Muanza, GS Mulhearn, M Nagy, E Naimuddin, M Narain, M Nayyar, R Neal, HA Negret, JP Neustroev, P Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Obrant, G Orduna, J Osman, N Osta, J Garzon, GJOY Owen, M Padilla, M Pangilinan, M Parashar, N Parihar, V Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Penning, B Perfilov, M Peters, K Peters, Y Petrillo, G Petroff, P Piegaia, R Piper, J Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pol, ME Polozov, P Popov, AV Prewitt, M Price, D Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rangel, MS Ranjan, K Ratoff, PN Razumov, I Renkel, P Rich, P Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Rominsky, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Safronov, G Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Sanghi, B Santos, AS Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schamberger, RD Scheglov, Y Schellman, H Schliephake, T Schlobohm, S Schwanenberger, C Schwienhorst, R Sekaric, J Severini, H Shabalina, E Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shivpuri, RK Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smirnov, D Smith, KJ Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Spurlock, B Stark, J Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, E Strauss, M Strom, D Stutte, L Svoisky, P Takahashi, M Tanasijczuk, A Taylor, W Titov, M Tokmenin, VV Tsybychev, D Tuchming, B Tully, C Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Vesterinen, M Vilanova, D Vint, P Vokac, P Wahl, HD Wang, MHLS Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Welty-Rieger, L Wetstein, M White, A Wicke, D Williams, MRJ Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wobisch, M Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xie, Y Xu, C Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yang, WC Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Ye, Z Yin, H Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Zelitch, S Zhao, T Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zivkovic, L AF Abazov, V. M. Abbott, B. Abolins, M. Acharya, B. S. Adams, M. Adams, T. Alexeev, G. D. Alkhazov, G. Alton, A. Alverson, G. Alves, G. A. Ancu, L. S. Aoki, M. Arnoud, Y. Arov, M. Askew, A. Asman, B. Atramentov, O. Avila, C. BackusMayes, J. Badaud, F. Bagby, L. Baldin, B. Bandurin, D. V. Banerjee, S. Barberis, E. Baringer, P. Barreto, J. Bartlett, J. F. Bassler, U. Bazterra, V. Beale, S. Bean, A. Begalli, M. Begel, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bellantoni, L. Beri, S. B. Bernardi, G. Bernhard, R. Bertram, I. Besancon, M. Beuselinck, R. Bezzubov, V. A. Bhat, P. C. Bhatnagar, V. Blazey, G. Blessing, S. Bloom, K. Boehnlein, A. Boline, D. Bolton, T. A. Boos, E. E. Borissov, G. Bose, T. Brandt, A. Brandt, O. Brock, R. Brooijmans, G. Bross, A. Brown, D. Brown, J. Bu, X. B. Buchholz, D. Buehler, M. Buescher, V. Bunichev, V. Burdin, S. Burnett, T. H. Buszello, C. P. Calpas, B. Camacho-Perez, E. Carrasco-Lizarraga, M. A. Casey, B. C. K. Castilla-Valdez, H. Chakrabarti, S. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. M. Chandra, A. Chen, G. Chevalier-Thery, S. Cho, D. K. Cho, S. W. Choi, S. Choudhary, B. Christoudias, T. Cihangir, S. Claes, D. Clutter, J. Cooke, M. Cooper, W. E. Corcoran, M. Couderc, F. Cousinou, M. -C. Croc, A. Cutts, D. Cwiok, M. Das, A. Davies, G. De, K. de Jong, S. J. De La Cruz-Burelo, E. Deliot, F. Demarteau, M. Demina, R. Denisov, D. Denisov, S. P. Desai, S. DeVaughan, K. Diehl, H. T. Diesburg, M. Dominguez, A. Dorland, T. Dubey, A. Dudko, L. V. Duggan, D. Duperrin, A. Dutt, S. Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Ellison, J. Elvira, V. D. Enari, Y. Eno, S. Evans, H. Evdokimov, A. Evdokimov, V. N. Facini, G. Ferbel, T. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, F. Fisher, W. Fisk, H. E. Fortner, M. Fox, H. Fuess, S. Gadfort, T. Garcia-Bellido, A. Gavrilov, V. Gay, P. Geist, W. Geng, W. Gerbaudo, D. Gerber, C. E. Gershtein, Y. Ginther, G. Golovanov, G. Goussiou, A. Grannis, P. D. Greder, S. Greenlee, H. Greenwood, Z. D. Gregores, E. M. Grenier, G. Gris, Ph. Grivaz, J. -F. Grohsjean, A. Gruenendahl, S. Gruenewald, M. W. Guo, F. Guo, J. Gutierrez, G. Gutierrez, P. Haas, A. Hagopian, S. Haley, J. Han, L. Harder, K. Harel, A. Hauptman, J. M. Hays, J. Head, T. Hebbeker, T. Hedin, D. Hegab, H. Heinson, A. P. Heintz, U. Hensel, C. Heredia-De La Cruz, I. Herner, K. Hesketh, G. Hildreth, M. D. Hirosky, R. Hoang, T. Hobbs, J. D. Hoeneisen, B. Hohlfeld, M. Hossain, S. Hubacek, Z. Huske, N. Hynek, V. Iashvili, I. Illingworth, R. Ito, A. S. Jabeen, S. Jaffre, M. Jain, S. Jamin, D. Jesik, R. Johns, K. Johnson, M. Johnston, D. Jonckheere, A. Jonsson, P. Joshi, J. Juste, A. Kaadze, K. Kajfasz, E. Karmanov, D. Kasper, P. A. Katsanos, I. Kehoe, R. Kermiche, S. Khalatyan, N. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, A. Kharzheev, Y. N. Khatidze, D. Kirby, M. H. Kohli, J. M. Kozelov, A. V. Kraus, J. Kumar, A. Kupco, A. Kurca, T. Kuzmin, V. A. Kvita, J. Lammers, S. Landsberg, G. Lebrun, P. Lee, H. S. Lee, S. W. Lee, W. M. Lellouch, J. Li, L. Li, Q. Z. Lietti, S. M. Lim, J. K. Lincoln, D. Linnemann, J. Lipaev, V. V. Lipton, R. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Lobodenko, A. Lokajicek, M. Love, P. Lubatti, H. J. Luna-Garcia, R. Lyon, A. L. Maciel, A. K. A. Mackin, D. Madar, R. Magana-Villalba, R. Malik, S. Malyshev, V. L. Maravin, Y. Martinez-Ortega, J. McCarthy, R. McGivern, C. L. Meijer, M. M. Melnitchouk, A. Menezes, D. Mercadante, P. G. Merkin, M. Meyer, A. Meyer, J. Mondal, N. K. Muanza, G. S. Mulhearn, M. Nagy, E. Naimuddin, M. Narain, M. Nayyar, R. Neal, H. A. Negret, J. P. Neustroev, P. Novaes, S. F. Nunnemann, T. Obrant, G. Orduna, J. Osman, N. Osta, J. Otero y Garzon, G. J. Owen, M. Padilla, M. Pangilinan, M. Parashar, N. Parihar, V. Park, S. K. Parsons, J. Partridge, R. Parua, N. Patwa, A. Penning, B. Perfilov, M. Peters, K. Peters, Y. Petrillo, G. Petroff, P. Piegaia, R. Piper, J. Pleier, M. -A. Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M. Podstavkov, V. M. Pol, M. -E. Polozov, P. Popov, A. V. Prewitt, M. Price, D. Protopopescu, S. Qian, J. Quadt, A. Quinn, B. Rangel, M. S. Ranjan, K. Ratoff, P. N. Razumov, I. Renkel, P. Rich, P. Rijssenbeek, M. Ripp-Baudot, I. Rizatdinova, F. Rominsky, M. Royon, C. Rubinov, P. Ruchti, R. Safronov, G. Sajot, G. Sanchez-Hernandez, A. Sanders, M. P. Sanghi, B. Santos, A. S. Savage, G. Sawyer, L. Scanlon, T. Schamberger, R. D. Scheglov, Y. Schellman, H. Schliephake, T. Schlobohm, S. Schwanenberger, C. Schwienhorst, R. Sekaric, J. Severini, H. Shabalina, E. Shary, V. Shchukin, A. A. Shivpuri, R. K. Simak, V. Sirotenko, V. Skubic, P. Slattery, P. Smirnov, D. Smith, K. J. Snow, G. R. Snow, J. Snyder, S. Soeldner-Rembold, S. Sonnenschein, L. Sopczak, A. Sosebee, M. Soustruznik, K. Spurlock, B. Stark, J. Stolin, V. Stoyanova, D. A. Strauss, E. Strauss, M. Strom, D. Stutte, L. Svoisky, P. Takahashi, M. Tanasijczuk, A. Taylor, W. Titov, M. Tokmenin, V. V. Tsybychev, D. Tuchming, B. Tully, C. Tuts, P. M. Uvarov, L. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, S. Van Kooten, R. van Leeuwen, W. M. Varelas, N. Varnes, E. W. Vasilyev, I. A. Verdier, P. Vertogradov, L. S. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, M. Vilanova, D. Vint, P. Vokac, P. Wahl, H. D. Wang, M. H. L. S. Warchol, J. Watts, G. Wayne, M. Weber, M. Welty-Rieger, L. Wetstein, M. White, A. Wicke, D. Williams, M. R. J. Wilson, G. W. Wimpenny, S. J. Wobisch, M. Wood, D. R. Wyatt, T. R. Xie, Y. Xu, C. Yacoob, S. Yamada, R. Yang, W. -C. Yasuda, T. Yatsunenko, Y. A. Ye, Z. Yin, H. Yip, K. Yoo, H. D. Youn, S. W. Yu, J. Zelitch, S. Zhao, T. Zhou, B. Zhu, J. Zielinski, M. Zieminska, D. Zivkovic, L. TI Determination of the Width of the Top Quark SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY QUARKS AB We extract the total width of the top quark, Gamma(t), from the partial decay width Gamma(t -> Wb) measured using the t-channel cross section for single top-quark production and from the branching fraction B(t -> Wb) measured in t (t) over bar t events using up to 2.3 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 Collaboration at the Tevatron p (p) over bar Collider. The result is Gamma(t) = 1.99(-0.55)(+0.69) GeV, which translates to a top-quark lifetime of tau(t) = (3.3-(+1.3)(0.9)) x 10(-25) s. Assuming a high mass fourth generation b' quark and unitarity of the four-generation quark-mixing matrix, we set the first upper limit on vertical bar V-tb'vertical bar < 0.63 at 95% C.L. C1 [Abazov, V. M.; Alexeev, G. D.; Golovanov, G.; Kharzheev, Y. N.; Malyshev, V. L.; Tokmenin, V. V.; Vertogradov, L. S.; Yatsunenko, Y. A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Otero y Garzon, G. J.; Piegaia, R.; Tanasijczuk, A.] Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Alves, G. A.; Barreto, J.; Maciel, A. K. A.; Pol, M. -E.; Rangel, M. S.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Begalli, M.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Lietti, S. M.; Novaes, S. F.; Santos, A. S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. 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[Cho, D. K.; Cutts, D.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Khatidze, D.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Pangilinan, M.; Parihar, V.; Partridge, R.; Yoo, H. D.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brandt, A.; De, K.; Sosebee, M.; Spurlock, B.; White, A.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Kehoe, R.; Renkel, P.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Chandra, A.; Corcoran, M.; Mackin, D.; Prewitt, M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Buehler, M.; Hirosky, R.; Mulhearn, M.; Zelitch, S.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [BackusMayes, J.; Burnett, T. H.; Dorland, T.; Goussiou, A.; Lubatti, H. J.; Schlobohm, S.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Bolton, Tim/A-7951-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; bu, xuebing/D-1121-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Perfilov, Maxim/E-1064-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Santos, Angelo/K-5552-2012; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/F-1812-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014; Christoudias, Theodoros/E-7305-2015; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012 OI Williams, Mark/0000-0001-5448-4213; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Grohsjean, Alexander/0000-0003-0748-8494; Melnychuk, Oleksandr/0000-0002-2089-8685; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Bertram, Iain/0000-0003-4073-4941; Belanger-Champagne, Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Malik, Sudhir/0000-0002-6356-2655; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Beuselinck, Raymond/0000-0003-2613-7446; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Duperrin, Arnaud/0000-0002-5789-9825; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256; Heinson, Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/0000-0001-5068-6723; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Christoudias, Theodoros/0000-0001-9050-3880; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878 FU DOE (USA); NSF (USA); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI (Russia); Rosatom (Russia); RFBR (Russia); CNPq (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE (India); DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF (Korea); KOSEF (Korea); CONICET (Argentina); UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC (United Kingdom); Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT (Czech Republic); GACR (Czech Republic); CRC (Canada); NSERC (Canada); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); CAS (China); CNSF (China) FX We wish to thank C.-P. Yuan for fruitful discussions regarding this analysis. We thank the staffs at Fermilab and collaborating institutions, and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI, Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP and FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE and DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF and KOSEF (Korea); CONICET and UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic); CRC Program and NSERC (Canada); BMBF and DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); The Swedish Research Council (Sweden); and CAS and CNSF (China). NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 022001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.022001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713OC UT WOS:000286746300004 ER PT J AU Ha, SJ Galazka, JM Kim, SR Choi, JH Yang, XM Seo, JH Glass, NL Cate, JHD Jin, YS AF Ha, Suk-Jin Galazka, Jonathan M. Kim, Soo Rin Choi, Jin-Ho Yang, Xiaomin Seo, Jin-Ho Glass, N. Louise Cate, Jamie H. D. Jin, Yong-Su TI Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of simultaneous cellobiose and xylose fermentation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biofuels; cellodextrin transporter; cofermentation; intracellular beta-glucosidase ID YEAST PICHIA-STIPITIS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; CO-FERMENTATION; EXPRESSION; REDUCTASE; BIOFUELS; XYL1; TRANSPORT; GENE AB The use of plant biomass for biofuel production will require efficient utilization of the sugars in lignocellulose, primarily glucose and xylose. However, strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae presently used in bioethanol production ferment glucose but not xylose. Yeasts engineered to ferment xylose do so slowly, and cannot utilize xylose until glucose is completely consumed. To overcome these bottlenecks, we engineered yeasts to coferment mixtures of xylose and cellobiose. In these yeast strains, hydrolysis of cellobiose takes place inside yeast cells through the action of an intracellular beta-glucosidase following import by a high-affinity cellodextrin transporter. Intracellular hydrolysis of cellobiose minimizes glucose repression of xylose fermentation allowing co-consumption of cellobiose and xylose. The resulting yeast strains, cofermented cellobiose and xylose simultaneously and exhibited improved ethanol yield when compared to fermentation with either cellobiose or xylose as sole carbon sources. We also observed improved yields and productivities from cofermentation experiments performed with simulated cellulosic hydrolyzates, suggesting this is a promising cofermentation strategy for cellulosic biofuel production. The successful integration of cellobiose and xylose fermentation pathways in yeast is a critical step towards enabling economic biofuel production. C1 [Galazka, Jonathan M.; Cate, Jamie H. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ha, Suk-Jin; Kim, Soo Rin; Choi, Jin-Ho; Jin, Yong-Su] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ha, Suk-Jin; Kim, Soo Rin; Choi, Jin-Ho; Jin, Yong-Su] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yang, Xiaomin] BP Biofuels Business Unit, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seo, Jin-Ho] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 152742, South Korea. [Glass, N. Louise] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cate, Jamie H. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cate, JHD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcate@lbl.gov; ysjin@illinois.edu RI Galazka, Jonathan Galazka/K-4847-2012; Jin, Yong-Su/L-4530-2013; Jin-Ho, Seo/B-3621-2014; OI Galazka, Jonathan Galazka/0000-0002-4153-0249; Kim, Soo Rin/0000-0001-5855-643X FU Energy Biosciences Institute FX The authors thank Dr. Huimin Zhao for sharing his preliminary results, Dr. Isaac Cann for HPAEC analysis, and William Beeson for helpful discussions. We also thank Dr. Thomas Jeffries for generously providing P. stipitis CBS 6054. This work was supported by funding from Energy Biosciences Institute to J.H.D.C. and Y.-S.J. Strain DA26-16 will be deposited in the American Type Culture Collection. NR 32 TC 197 Z9 206 U1 6 U2 65 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 11 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 2 BP 504 EP 509 DI 10.1073/pnas.1010456108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 704ZU UT WOS:000286097700018 PM 21187422 ER PT J AU Laget, JM AF Laget, J. M. TI Unitarity constraints on neutral pion electroproduction SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Exclusive photo-production; Regge poles and cuts ID PHOTOPRODUCTION; MESONS; ENERGIES; OMEGA AB At large virtuality Q(2), the coupling to the vector meson production channels provides us with a natural explanation of the surprisingly large cross section of the neutral pion electroproduction recently measured at Jefferson Laboratory, without destroying the good agreement between the Regge pole model and the data at the real photon point. Elastic rescattering of the pi(0) provides us with a way to explain why the node, that appears at t similar to -0.5 GeV(2) at the real photon point, disappears as soon as Q(2) differs from zero. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Laget, JM (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM laget@jlab.org FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX I acknowledge the warm hospitality at JLab where this work was completed. Jefferson Science Associates operate Thomas Jefferson National Facility for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 199 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.014 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700036 ER PT J AU Kang, ZB Soffer, J AF Kang, Zhong-Bo Soffer, Jacques TI Positivity bounds for Sivers functions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Positivity; Single spin asymmetry; Sivers function ID SPIN PRODUCTION ASYMMETRIES; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HARD-SCATTERING AB We generalize a positivity constraint derived initially for parity-conserving processes to the parity-violating ones, and use it to derive non-trivial bounds on several Sivers functions, entering in the theoretical description of single spin asymmetry for various processes. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Soffer, Jacques] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Kang, Zhong-Bo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Soffer, J (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM zkang@bnl.gov; jacques.soffer@gmail.com RI Kang, Zhongbo/P-3645-2014 FU RIKEN; Brookhaven National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX J.S. acknowledges some interesting discussions with X. Artru. We thank A. Metz for helpful discussions and useful comments. Z.K. is grateful to RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the U.S. Department of Energy (Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886) for supporting this work. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.045 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700050 ER PT J AU Ehm, L Borkowski, LA Parise, JB Ghose, S Chen, Z AF Ehm, L. Borkowski, L. A. Parise, J. B. Ghose, S. Chen, Z. TI Evidence of tetragonal nanodomains in the high-pressure polymorph of BaTiO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BARIUM-TITANATE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CALIBRATION; RAMAN AB The pressure induced P4mm -> Pm (3) over barm phase transition in BaTiO3 perovskite was investigated by x-ray total scattering. The evolution of the structure was analyzed by fitting pair distribution functions over a pressure range from ambient pressure up to 6.85(7) GPa. Evidence for the existence of tetragonal ferroelectric nanodomains at high pressure was found. The average size of the nanodomains in the high-pressure phase decreases with increasing pressure. Extrapolation of the domain size to pressures higher than studied experimentally suggests a disappearance of the ferroelectric domains at about 9.3(5) GPa and a cubic symmetry of BaTiO3 high-pressure phase. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3535611] C1 [Ehm, L.; Borkowski, L. A.; Parise, J. B.; Chen, Z.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ehm, L.; Parise, J. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Borkowski, L. A.; Parise, J. B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ghose, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ehm, L (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM lars.ehm@stonybrook.edu RI chen, zhiqiang/C-9134-2013 FU COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences, under NSF [EAR 06-49658]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0800415]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0002510] FX This research was partially supported by COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences, under NSF Cooperative Agreement No. EAR 06-49658. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. J.B.P. is grateful for the support of the National Science Foundation through Grant No. DMR-0800415 and the Department of Energy through Grant No. DE-SC0002510. We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 2 AR 021901 DI 10.1063/1.3535611 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 709VZ UT WOS:000286470800020 ER PT J AU van Veenendaal, M Liu, XS Carpenter, MH Cramer, SP AF van Veenendaal, Michel Liu, Xiaosong Carpenter, Matthew H. Cramer, Stephen P. TI Observation of dd excitations in NiO and NiCl2 using K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB The presence of dd excitations in K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in the 1s -> 4p region of transition-metal compounds and their excitation mechanism is established through measurements of NiO and NiCl2. It is demonstrated that the valence excitations are due to the interaction between the excited 4p electron and the 3d valence electrons. A detailed analytical framework for interpreting these excitations in transition-metal compounds is presented, demonstrating a strong angular dependence for different dd excitations. C1 [van Veenendaal, Michel] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [van Veenendaal, Michel] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, Xiaosong; Cramer, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carpenter, Matthew H.; Cramer, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP van Veenendaal, M (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RI Liu, Xiaosong/D-7564-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-03ER46097, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; RIXS collaboration as part of the Computational Materials Science Network (CMSN) [DE-FG02-08ER46540]; DOE OBER; NIH [EB001962] FX We acknowledge Yuri Shvyd'ko and Mary Upton for experimental support and discussions with George Sawatzky and Jeroen van den Brink. M. v. V. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER46097 and the RIXS collaboration as part of the Computational Materials Science Network (CMSN) under Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46540. The experimental work was supported by DOE OBER & NIH EB001962. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 4 AR 045101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.045101 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713WU UT WOS:000286768900004 ER PT J AU Cisternas, M Jahnke, K Inskip, KJ Kartaltepe, J Koekemoer, AM Lisker, T Robaina, AR Scodeggio, M Sheth, K Trump, JR Andrae, R Miyaji, T Lusso, E Brusa, M Capak, P Cappelluti, N Civano, F Ilbert, O Impey, CD Leauthaud, A Lilly, SJ Salvato, M Scoville, NZ Taniguchi, Y AF Cisternas, Mauricio Jahnke, Knud Inskip, Katherine J. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan Koekemoer, Anton M. Lisker, Thorsten Robaina, Aday R. Scodeggio, Marco Sheth, Kartik Trump, Jonathan R. Andrae, Rene Miyaji, Takamitsu Lusso, Elisabeta Brusa, Marcella Capak, Peter Cappelluti, Nico Civano, Francesca Ilbert, Olivier Impey, Chris D. Leauthaud, Alexie Lilly, Simon J. Salvato, Mara Scoville, Nick Z. Taniguchi, Yoshi TI THE BULK OF THE BLACK HOLE GROWTH SINCE z similar to 1 OCCURS IN A SECULAR UNIVERSE: NO MAJOR MERGER-AGN CONNECTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: interactions; quasars: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; X-RAY; HOST GALAXIES; COSMOS FIELD; MASSIVE GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION AB What is the relevance of major mergers and interactions as triggering mechanisms for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) activity? To answer this long-standing question, we analyze 140 XMM-Newton-selected AGN host galaxies and a matched control sample of 1264 inactive galaxies over z similar to 0.3-1.0 and M-* < 10(11.7) M-circle dot with high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging from the COSMOS field. The visual analysis of their morphologies by 10 independent human classifiers yields a measure of the fraction of distorted morphologies in the AGN and control samples, i.e., quantifying the signature of recent mergers which might potentially be responsible for fueling/triggering the AGN. We find that (1) the vast majority (>85%) of the AGN host galaxies do not show strong distortions and (2) there is no significant difference in the distortion fractions between active and inactive galaxies. Our findings provide the best direct evidence that, since z similar to 1, the bulk of black hole (BH) accretion has not been triggered by major galaxy mergers, therefore arguing that the alternative mechanisms, i.e., internal secular processes and minor interactions, are the leading triggers for the episodes of major BH growth. We also exclude an alternative interpretation of our results: a substantial time lag between merging and the observability of the AGN phase could wash out the most significant merging signatures, explaining the lack of enhancement of strong distortions on the AGN hosts. We show that this alternative scenario is unlikely due to (1) recent major mergers being ruled out for the majority of sources due to the high fraction of disk-hosted AGNs, (2) the lack of a significant X-ray signal in merging inactive galaxies as a signature of a potential buried AGN, and (3) the low levels of soft X-ray obscuration for AGNs hosted by interacting galaxies, in contrast to model predictions. C1 [Cisternas, Mauricio; Jahnke, Knud; Inskip, Katherine J.; Robaina, Aday R.; Andrae, Rene] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kartaltepe, Jeyhan] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Koekemoer, Anton M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lisker, Thorsten] Univ Heidelberg, Astron Rech Inst, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Robaina, Aday R.] Univ Barcelona IEEC, ICC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Scodeggio, Marco] IASF INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Sheth, Kartik] CALTECH, Spitzer Space Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Trump, Jonathan R.; Impey, Chris D.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Miyaji, Takamitsu] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Miyaji, Takamitsu] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lusso, Elisabeta] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brusa, Marcella; Cappelluti, Nico] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Civano, Francesca] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ilbert, Olivier] Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13376 Marseille 12, France. [Leauthaud, Alexie] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leauthaud, Alexie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lilly, Simon J.] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Salvato, Mara] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Taniguchi, Yoshi] Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. RP Cisternas, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM cisternas@mpia.de OI Scodeggio, Marco/0000-0002-2282-5850; Jahnke, Knud/0000-0003-3804-2137; Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048 FU NASA [NAS 5-26555]; ESA FX Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555; the XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA; European Southern Observatory under Large Program 175.A-0839; and the Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. NR 144 TC 174 Z9 174 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 726 IS 2 AR 57 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/726/2/57 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 698WB UT WOS:000285623600001 ER PT J AU Rucker, DF Noonan, GE Greenwood, WJ AF Rucker, Dale F. Noonan, Gillian E. Greenwood, William J. TI Electrical resistivity in support of geological mapping along the Panama Canal SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Geophysics; Panama Canal; Resistivity; Geological mapping; Dredging ID SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; WATER; MIOCENE; BAY; BOUNDARY; ARC; DEFORMATION; MICROPLATE; AMERICA; AREA AB Dredging and widening of the Panama Canal is currently being conducted to allow larger vessels to transit to and from the Americas. Asia, and Europe. Dredging efficiency relies heavily on knowledge of the types and volumes of sediments and rocks beneath the waterway to ensure the right equipment is used for their removal. To aid this process, a waterborne streaming electrical resistivity survey was conducted along the entire length of the canal to provide information on its geology. Within the confines of the canal, a total of 663 line-kilometers of electrical resistivity data were acquired using the dipole-dipole array. The support of the survey data for dredging activities was realized by calibrating and qualitatively correlating the resistivity data with information obtained from nearby logged boreholes and geological maps. The continuity of specific strata was determined in the resistivity sections by evaluating the continuity of similar ranges of resistivity values between boreholes. It was evident that differing geological units and successions can have similar ranges of resistivity values. For example, Quaternary sandy and gravelly alluvial fill from the former river channel of the Chagres River had similar resistivity ranges (generally from 40 to 250 Si m) to those characteristic of late Miocene basalt dikes (from 100 to 400 Omega m), but for quite different reasons. Similarly, competent marine-based sedimentary rocks of the Caimito Formation were similar in resistivity values (ranging from 0.7 to 10 Omega m) to sandstone conglomerate of the Bohio Formation. Consequently, it would be difficult to use the resistivity data alone to extrapolate more complex geotechnical parameters, such as the hardness or strength of the substrate. A necessary component for such analyses requires detailed objective information regarding the specific context from which the geotechnical parameters were derived. If these data from cored boreholes and detailed geological surveys are taken into account, however, then waterborne streaming resistivity surveying can be a powerful tool. In this case, it provided inexpensive and highly resolved quantitative information on the potential volume of loose suctionable material along the Gamboa Sub-reach, which could enable large cost savings to be made on a major engineering project involving modification of one of the most important navigable waterways in the world. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rucker, Dale F.; Noonan, Gillian E.] HydroGEOPHYSICS Inc, Tucson, AZ 85745 USA. [Greenwood, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rucker, DF (reprint author), HydroGEOPHYSICS Inc, 2302 N Forbes Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85745 USA. EM druck8240@gmail.com; gnoonan@hgiworld.com; william.greenwood@pnl.gov OI Rucker, Dale/0000-0002-8930-2747 NR 48 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.10.012 PG 13 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 715AP UT WOS:000286853100013 ER PT J AU Tsyusko, O Glenn, T Yi, Y Joice, G Jones, K Aizawa, K Coughlin, D Zimbrick, J Hinton, T AF Tsyusko, O. Glenn, T. Yi, Y. Joice, G. Jones, K. Aizawa, K. Coughlin, D. Zimbrick, J. Hinton, T. TI Differential genetic responses to ionizing irradiation in individual families of Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Radiation; Germline mutations; Individual response; Microsatellites; Medaka; Transgenerational ID INDUCED TRANSGENERATIONAL INSTABILITY; TANDEM REPEAT INSTABILITY; F-1 MICE BORN; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; GERMLINE MUTATION; RADIATION; DNA; LOCI; RATES; LINE AB Although no statistically significant hereditary effects have yet been detected in the children of survivors from the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, recent animal studies have found that exposure to ionizing radiation can cause genomic and epigenomic instability in the exposed individuals, as well as their offspring, and therefore, may have much larger genetic effects than predicted by earlier studies. When individuals are exposed to various environmental insults, including radiation, individual sensitivity to the insults often varies. Variance in germ-line response to radiation among individuals has been widely recognized, but it is difficult to address due to the use of inbred strains and the limited number of offspring that can be produced by a pair of mice, the common model used to study genetic effects of radiation. Herein is the first study to examine individual family responses to ionizing radiation using a parent-pedigree approach in an outbred strain of a vertebrate model, the Japanese medaka fish. Changes in frequencies of radiation-induced germline mutations at nine microsatellite loci were examined in the same families before and after exposure to one of four acute doses of ionizing radiation (0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 5 Gy, plus sham-exposed controls). Families varied significantly in pre-exposure mutation frequencies and responses to irradiation, but germline mutations were elevated in at least one family after 0.1, 0.5, and 5 Gy exposures. Variance among individuals in sensitivity to radiation is well documented for many endpoints, and our work now extends these endpoints to include germ-line mutations. Further studies are needed to elucidate dose response, effects at varying stages of spermatogenesis, and the mechanisms underlying the variance in these individual responses to radiation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsyusko, O.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Agr Sci Ctr N, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Glenn, T.; Jones, K.] Univ Georgia, Environm Hlth Sci & Georgia Genom Facil, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yi, Y.; Aizawa, K.; Coughlin, D.; Hinton, T.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Zimbrick, J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hinton, T.] Inst Radiat Protect & Nucl Safety, St Paul Les Durance, France. RP Tsyusko, O (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Agr Sci Ctr N, 1100 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM olga.tsyusko@uky.edu OI Tsyusko, Olga/0000-0001-8196-1062 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-05ER64087]; University of Georgia Research Foundation [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX We thank Maureen Peters, Tracey Tuberville and Elizabeth Burgess for assisting with DNA extractions and Fred Ogden and Cecilia Watson for help with the radiation exposure. The work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grant No. DE-FG02-05ER64087 to Colorado State University and the University of Georgia Research Foundation and DE-FC09-07SR22506 which supported the University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 718 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.11.001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 718LR UT WOS:000287123500003 PM 21075215 ER PT J AU Chaudhury, RP Ye, F Fernandez-Baca, JA Lorenz, B Wang, YQ Sun, YY Mook, HA Chu, CW AF Chaudhury, R. P. Ye, F. Fernandez-Baca, J. A. Lorenz, B. Wang, Y. Q. Sun, Y. Y. Mook, H. A. Chu, C. W. TI Robust ferroelectric state in multiferroic Mn1-xZnxWO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC PHASES; MNWO4; TRANSITIONS; PRESSURE; NI3V2O8 AB We report on the remarkably robust ferroelectric state in the multiferroic compound Mn1-xZnxWO4. Substitution of the magnetic Mn2+ with nonmagnetic Zn2+ reduces the magnetic exchange and provides control of the various magnetic and multiferroic states of MnWO4. Only 5% of Zn substitution results in complete suppression of the frustrated collinear (paraelectric) low-temperature phase. The helical magnetic and ferroelectric phase develops as the ground state. The multiferroic state is stable up to a high level of substitution of more than 50%. The magnetic, thermodynamic, and dielectric properties, as well as the ferroelectric polarization of single crystals of Mn1-xZnxWO4, are studied for different substitutions up to x = 0.5. The magnetic phases have been identified in single-crystal neutron-scattering experiments. The ferroelectric polarization scales with the neutron intensity of the incommensurate peak of the helical phase. C1 [Chaudhury, R. P.; Lorenz, B.; Wang, Y. Q.; Sun, Y. Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chaudhury, R. P.; Lorenz, B.; Wang, Y. Q.; Sun, Y. Y.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Ye, F.; Fernandez-Baca, J. A.; Mook, H. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fernandez-Baca, J. A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chaudhury, RP (reprint author), Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Ye, Feng/B-3210-2010; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Ye, Feng/0000-0001-7477-4648; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 FU T.L.L. Temple Foundation; J. J. and R. Moores Endowment; State of Texas through TCSUH; LBNL through the US DOE [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX This work is supported in part by the T.L.L. Temple Foundation, the J. J. and R. Moores Endowment, and the State of Texas through TCSUH and at LBNL through the US DOE, Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 45 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.014401 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713KW UT WOS:000286737900004 ER PT J AU Zhao, R Zhang, L Zhou, J Koschny, T Soukoulis, CM AF Zhao, R. Zhang, L. Zhou, J. Koschny, Th. Soukoulis, C. M. TI Conjugated gammadion chiral metamaterial with uniaxial optical activity and negative refractive index SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARAMETERS; RETRIEVAL AB We demonstrate numerically and experimentally a conjugated gammadion chiral metamaterial that uniaxially exhibits huge optical activity and circular dichroism, and gives a negative refractive index. This chiral design provides smaller unit cell size and larger chirality compared with other published planar designs. Experiments are performed at GHz frequencies (around 6 GHz) and are in good agreement with the numerical simulations. C1 [Zhao, R.; Zhang, L.; Koschny, Th.; Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhao, R.; Zhang, L.; Koschny, Th.; Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhao, R.] Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Appl Opt Beijing Area Major Lab, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhou, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Koschny, Th.; Soukoulis, C. M.] Univ Crete, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Zhao, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Zhao, Rongkuo/B-5731-2008; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Zhou, Jiangfeng/D-4292-2009 OI Zhou, Jiangfeng/0000-0002-6958-3342 FU Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; European Community [213390]; Department of Navy, Office of Naval Research [N000141010925]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was partially supported by the European Community FET project PHOME (Contract No. 213390) and by the Department of Navy, Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N000141010925). R.Z. acknowledges the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for financial support. NR 22 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035105 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713VL UT WOS:000286765400005 ER PT J AU Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Laermann, E Miao, C Mukherjee, S Petreczky, P Schmidt, C Soeldner, W Unger, W AF Kaczmarek, O. Karsch, F. Laermann, E. Miao, C. Mukherjee, S. Petreczky, P. Schmidt, C. Soeldner, W. Unger, W. TI Phase boundary for the chiral transition in (2+1)-flavor QCD at small values of the chemical potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SCALING FUNCTIONS; DIAGRAM; O(4) AB We determine the chiral phase transition line in (2 + 1)-flavor QCD for small values of the light quark chemical potential. We show that for small values of the chemical potential the curvature of the phase transition line can be deduced from an analysis of scaling properties of the chiral condensate and its susceptibilities. To do so we extend earlier studies of the magnetic equation of state in (2 + 1)-flavor QCD to finer lattice spacings, aT = 1/8. We use these universal scaling properties of the chiral order parameter to extract the curvature of the transition line at two values of the cutoff, aT = 1/4 and 1/8. We find that cutoff effects are small for the curvature parameter and determine the transition line in the chiral limit to leading order in the light quark chemical potential. We obtain T-c(mu(q))/T-c(0) = 1 - 0.059(2)(4)(mu(q)/T)(2) + O(mu(4)(q)). C1 [Kaczmarek, O.; Karsch, F.; Laermann, E.; Unger, W.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. [Karsch, F.; Miao, C.; Mukherjee, S.; Petreczky, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schmidt, C.; Soeldner, W.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Schmidt, C.; Soeldner, W.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Unger, W.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Kaczmarek, O (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011; OI Mukherjee, Swagato/0000-0002-3824-1008; Schmidt, Christian/0000-0002-9071-4757 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; BMBF [06BI401]; Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung [BILAER]; Extreme Matter Institute [HA216/EMMI]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GRK 881]; Helmholtz International Center for FAIR FX This work has been supported in part by Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy, the BMBF under Grant No. 06BI401, the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung under Grant No. BILAER, the Extreme Matter Institute under Grant No. HA216/EMMI and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No. GRK 881. C. S. has been partially supported through the Helmholtz International Center for FAIR which is part of the Hessian LOEWE initiative. Numerical simulations have been performed on the BlueGene/L at the New York Center for Computational Sciences (NYCCS) which is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and by the State of New York, the GPU cluster of USQCD at Jefferson Laboratory, the GPU cluster SCOUT at the Center for Scientific Computing (CSC) at Frankfurt University, as well as the John von Neumann Supercomputer center (NIC) at FZ-Julich, Germany. We thank M. Bach for his help in developing the CUDA based programs used for our data analysis on GPU clusters. NR 26 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.014504 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713TV UT WOS:000286761200003 ER PT J AU Behnke, E Behnke, J Brice, SJ Broemmelsiek, D Collar, JI Cooper, PS Crisler, M Dahl, CE Fustin, D Hall, J Hinnefeld, JH Hu, M Levine, I Ramberg, E Shepherd, T Sonnenschein, A Szydagis, M AF Behnke, E. Behnke, J. Brice, S. J. Broemmelsiek, D. Collar, J. I. Cooper, P. S. Crisler, M. Dahl, C. E. Fustin, D. Hall, J. Hinnefeld, J. H. Hu, M. Levine, I. Ramberg, E. Shepherd, T. Sonnenschein, A. Szydagis, M. CA Collaboration, C TI Improved Limits on Spin-Dependent WIMP-Proton Interactions from a Two Liter CF3I Bubble Chamber SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DARK-MATTER CANDIDATES AB Data from the operation of a bubble chamber filled with 3.5 kg of CF3I in a shallow underground site are reported. An analysis of ultrasound signals accompanying bubble nucleations confirms that alpha decays generate a significantly louder acoustic emission than single nuclear recoils, leading to an efficient background discrimination. Three dark matter candidate events were observed during an effective exposure of 28.1 kg day, consistent with a neutron background. This observation provides strong direct detection constraints on weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent scattering for WIMP masses >20 GeV/c(2). C1 [Behnke, E.; Behnke, J.; Hinnefeld, J. H.; Levine, I.; Shepherd, T.] Indiana Univ, South Bend, IN 46615 USA. [Brice, S. J.; Broemmelsiek, D.; Cooper, P. S.; Crisler, M.; Hall, J.; Hu, M.; Ramberg, E.; Sonnenschein, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Collar, J. I.; Dahl, C. E.; Fustin, D.; Szydagis, M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, KICP, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Collar, J. I.; Dahl, C. E.; Fustin, D.; Szydagis, M.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Behnke, E (reprint author), Indiana Univ, South Bend, IN 46615 USA. EM cdahl@kicp.uchicago.edu; jeter@fnal.gov RI Hall, Jeter/F-6108-2013; OI Szydagis, Matthew/0000-0002-9334-4659 FU Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [PHY-0856273, PHY-0555472, PHY-0937500, PHY-0919526] FX We would like to thank Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the Department of Energy, and the National Science Foundation for their support including Grants No. PHY-0856273, No. PHY-0555472, No. PHY-0937500, and No. PHY-0919526. We acknowledge technical assistance from Fermilab's Computing, Particle Physics, and Accelerator Divisions, and from E. Greiner, P. Marks, B. Sweeney, and A. Vollrath at IUSB. NR 22 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 021303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.021303 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PB UT WOS:000286748800008 PM 21405218 ER PT J AU Dominguez, F Xiao, BW Yuan, F AF Dominguez, Fabio Xiao, Bo-Wen Yuan, Feng TI k(t) Factorization for Hard Processes in Nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; DEUTERON-GOLD COLLISIONS; AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS; PA-COLLISIONS; QUARK; GLASS AB Two widely proposed k(t)-dependent gluon distributions in the small-x saturation regime are investigated using two-particle back-to-back correlations in high energy scattering processes. The Weizsacker-Williams gluon distribution, interpreted as the number density of gluon inside nucleus, is studied in the quark-antiquark jet correlation in deep inelastic scattering. On the other hand, the unintegrated gluon distribution, defined as the Fourier transform of the color-dipole cross section, is probed in the direct photon-jet correlation in pA collisions. C1 [Dominguez, Fabio] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Xiao, Bo-Wen; Yuan, Feng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xiao, Bo-Wen] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Yuan, Feng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dominguez, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; RIKEN; Brookhaven National Laboratory FX We thank Al Mueller for stimulating discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Larry McLerran, Jianwei Qiu, and Raju Venugopalan for helpful conversations. We also thank Cyrille Marquet for his collaborations at the early stage of this work. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are grateful to RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy (contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886) for providing the facilities essential for the completion of this work. NR 38 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 022301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.022301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PB UT WOS:000286748800010 PM 21405223 ER PT J AU Lopez, N Reichertz, LA Yu, KM Campman, K Walukiewicz, W AF Lopez, N. Reichertz, L. A. Yu, K. M. Campman, K. Walukiewicz, W. TI Engineering the Electronic Band Structure for Multiband Solar Cells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOT INTERMEDIATE-BAND; EFFICIENCY; ALLOYS; SEMICONDUCTORS; NITROGEN; LIMIT; GAP AB Using the unique features of the electronic band structure of GaNxAs1-x alloys, we have designed, fabricated and tested a multiband photovoltaic device. The device demonstrates an optical activity of three energy bands that absorb, and convert into electrical current, the crucial part of the solar spectrum. The performance of the device and measurements of electroluminescence, quantum efficiency and photo-modulated reflectivity are analyzed in terms of the band anticrossing model of the electronic structure of highly mismatched alloys. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using highly mismatched alloys to engineer the semiconductor energy band structure for specific device applications. C1 [Lopez, N.; Reichertz, L. A.; Yu, K. M.; Walukiewicz, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reichertz, L. A.; Walukiewicz, W.] Rose St Labs Energy, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. [Campman, K.] Sumika Elect Mat Inc, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. RP Lopez, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Lopez Martinez, Nair/M-2933-2014 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Lopez Martinez, Nair/0000-0001-6510-1329 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of the Spanish Government FX Material growth and device design and fabrication were supported by RoseStreet Labs Energy. The EL work performed at LBNL was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. N. Lopez also acknowledges the financial support of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of the Spanish Government. NR 27 TC 157 Z9 165 U1 12 U2 98 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 028701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.028701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PB UT WOS:000286748800020 PM 21405256 ER PT J AU Sadigh, B Erhart, P Aberg, D Trave, A Schwegler, E Bude, J AF Sadigh, B. Erhart, P. Aberg, D. Trave, A. Schwegler, E. Bude, J. TI First-Principles Calculations of the Urbach Tail in the Optical Absorption Spectra of Silica Glass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; BAND TAILS; SEMICONDUCTORS; APPROXIMATION; GERMANIUM; METALS; GE AB We present density-functional theory calculations of the optical absorption spectra of silica glass for temperatures up to 2400 K. The calculated spectra exhibit exponential tails near the fundamental absorption edge that follow the Urbach rule in good agreement with experiments. We discuss the accuracy of our results by comparing to hybrid exchange correlation functionals. We show that the Urbach rule holds in a frequency interval where optical absorption is Poisson distributed with very large statistical fluctuations. In this regime, a direct relation between the optical absorption coefficient and electronic density of states is derived, which provides a link between photoemission and absorption spectra and is used to determine the lower bound to the Urbach frequency regime. C1 [Sadigh, B.; Erhart, P.; Aberg, D.; Trave, A.; Schwegler, E.; Bude, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sadigh, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016; OI Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061; Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418; Aberg, Daniel/0000-0003-4364-9419 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 with support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 AR 027401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.027401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PB UT WOS:000286748800017 PM 21405249 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Ancu, LS Aoki, M Arnoud, Y Arov, M Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Avila, C BackusMayes, J Badaud, F Bagby, L Baldin, B Bandurin, DV Banerjee, S Barberis, E Barfuss, AF Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Beale, S Bean, A Begalli, M Begel, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bellantoni, L Benitez, JA Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, K Boehnlein, A Bonline, D Bolton, TA Boos, EE Borissov, G Bose, T Brandt, A Brandt, O Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brown, D Bu, XB Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Bunichev, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Buszello, CP Calfayan, R Calpas, B Calvet, S Camacho-Perez, E Cammin, J Carrasco-Lizarraga, MA Carrera, E Casey, BCK Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chen, G Chevalier-Thery, S Cho, DK Cho, SW Choi, S Choudhary, B Christoudias, T Cihangir, S Claes, D Clutter, J Cooke, M Cooper, WE Corcoran, M Couderc, F Cousidou, MC Croc, A Cutts, D Cwiok, M Das, A Davies, G De, K de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S DeVaughan, K Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Dominguez, A Dorland, T Dubey, A Dudko, LV Duggan, D Duperrin, A Dutt, S Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Enari, Y Eno, S Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Facini, G Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fuess, S Gadfort, T Garcia-Bellido, A Gavrilov, V Gay, P Geist, W Geng, W Gerbaudo, D Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gillberg, D Ginther, G Golovanov, G Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Grenier, G Gris, P Grivaz, JF Grohsjean, A Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guo, F Guo, J Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, R Haas, A Haefner, P Hagopian, S Haley, J Han, L Harder, K Harel, A Hauptman, JM Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Heredia-De La Cruz, I Herner, K Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hoang, T Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hossain, S Hu, Y Hubacek, Z Huske, N Hynek, V Lashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jamin, D Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Johnston, D Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Joshi, J Juste, A Kaadze, K Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Kasper, PA Katsanos, I Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Khalatyan, N Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YN Khatidze, D Kirby, MH Kirsch, M Kohli, JM Kozelov, AV Kraus, J Kumar, A Kupco, A Kurca, T Kuzmin, VA Kvita, J Lammers, S Landsberg, G Lebrun, P Lee, HS Lee, WM Lellouch, J Li, L Li, QZ Lietti, SM Lim, JK Lincoln, D Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Liu, Y Liu, Z Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Love, P Lubatti, HJ Luna-Garcia, R Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Mackin, D Madar, R Magana-Villalba, R Malik, S Malyshev, VL Maravin, Y Martinez-Ortega, J McCarthy, R McGivern, CL Meijer, MM Melnitchouk, A Menezes, D Mercadante, PC Merkin, M Meyer, A Meyer, J Mondal, NK Moulik, T Muanza, GS Mulhearn, M Nagy, E Naimuddin, M Narain, M Nayyar, R Neal, HA Negret, JP Neustroev, P Nilsen, H Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Obrant, G Onoprienko, D Orduna, J Osman, N Osta, J Garzon, GJOY Owen, M Padilla, M Pangilinan, M Parashar, N Parihar, V Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Penning, B Perfilov, M Peters, K Peters, Y Petrillo, G Petroff, P Piegaia, R Piper, J Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pol, ME Polozov, P Popov, AV Prewitt, M Price, D Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rangel, MS Ranjan, K Ratoff, PN Razumov, I Renkel, P Rich, P Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, L Rizatdinova, F Rominsky, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Safronov, G Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Sanghi, B Santos, AS Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Scheglov, Y Schellman, H Schliephake, T Schlobohm, S Schwanenberger, C Schwienhorst, R Sekaric, J Severini, H Shabalina, E Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shivpuri, RK Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, R Smirnov, D Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Spurlock, B Stark, J Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, E Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Stutte, L Svoisky, P Takahashi, M Tanasijczuk, A Taylor, W Tiller, B Titov, M Tokmenin, VV Tsybychev, D Tuchming, B Tully, C Tuts, PM Unalan, R Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Vesterinen, M Vilanova, D Vint, P Vokac, P Wahl, HD Wang, MHLS Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, G Weber, M Wetstein, M White, A Wicke, D Williams, MRJ Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wobisch, M Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xie, Y Xu, C Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yang, WC Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Ye, Z Yin, H Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Zelitch, S Zhao, T Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zivkovic, L AF Abazov, V. 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CA D0 Collaboration TI Measurement of the WZ -> lvll cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Diboson production; W and Z bosons; Cross section; Anomalous triple gauge couplings; Tevatron; DO ID COLLIDERS; VIOLATION; SYMMETRY AB We present a new measurement of the WZ -> lvll (l = e, mu) cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings. Using 4.1 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV, we observe 34 WZ candidate events with an estimated background of 6.0 +/- 0.4 events. We measure the WZ production cross section to be 3.89(-0.90)(+1.07) pb, in good agreement with the standard model prediction. We find no evidence for anomalous WWZ couplings and set 95% C.L. limits on the coupling parameters, -0.077 < lambda(z) < 0.093 and -0.029 < Delta kappa(z) < 0.080 in the HISZ parameterization for a Lambda = 2 TeV form factor scale. 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[Lashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Brooijmans, G.; Haas, A.; Parsons, J.; Tuts, P. M.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Cammin, J.; Demina, R.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Ginther, G.; Harel, A.; Petrillo, G.; Slattery, R.; Wang, M. H. L. S.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bonline, D.; Chakrabarti, S.; Grannis, P. D.; Guo, F.; Guo, J.; Hobbs, J. D.; Hu, Y.; McCarthy, R.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Strauss, E.; Tsybychev, D.; Zhu, J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Begel, M.; Evdokimov, A.; Gadfort, T.; Patwa, A.; Pleier, M. -A.; Protopopescu, S.; Snyder, S.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Snow, J.] Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, R.; Hossain, S.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Cho, D. K.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A. V.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Khatidze, D.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Pangilinan, M.; Parihar, V.; Partridge, R.; Yoo, H. D.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brandt, A.; De, K.; Sosebee, M.; Spurlock, B.; White, A.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Kehoe, R.; Renkel, P.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Chandra, A.; Corcoran, M.; Mackin, D.; Prewitt, M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Buehler, M.; Hirosky, R.; Mulhearn, M.; Zelitch, S.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [BackusMayes, J.; Burnett, T. H.; Dorland, T.; Goussiou, A.; Lubatti, H. J.; Schlobohm, S.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; Bolton, Tim/A-7951-2012; bu, xuebing/D-1121-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Perfilov, Maxim/E-1064-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Santos, Angelo/K-5552-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/F-1812-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014; Christoudias, Theodoros/E-7305-2015; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015 OI Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/0000-0001-5068-6723; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Christoudias, Theodoros/0000-0001-9050-3880; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107 FU DOE (USA); NSF (USA); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI (Russia); CNPq (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE (India); DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF (Korea); KOSEF (Korea); CONICET (Argentina); UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC (United Kingdom); Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT (Czech Republic); GACR (Czech Republic); CRC Program (Canada); NSERC (Canada); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); CAS (China); CNSF (China); Rosatom (Russia); RFBR (Russia) FX We thank the staffs at Fermilab and collaborating institutions, and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI, Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP and FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE and DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF and KOSEF (Korea); CONICET and UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic); CRC Program and NSERC (Canada); BMBF and DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); The Swedish Research Council (Sweden); and CAS and CNSF (China). NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.10.047 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700013 ER PT J AU Polyanskiy, A Hartmann, M Kiselev, YT Paryev, EY Buscher, M Chiladze, D Dymov, S Dzyuba, A Gebel, R Hejny, V Kampfer, B Keshelashvili, I Koptev, V Lorentz, B Maeda, Y Merzliakov, S Mikirtytchiants, S Nekipelov, M Ohm, H Schade, H Serdyuk, V Sibirtsev, A Sinitsyna, VY Stein, HJ Stroher, H Trusov, S Valdau, Y Wilkin, C Wustner, P AF Polyanskiy, A. Hartmann, M. Kiselev, Yu. T. Paryev, E. Ya. Buescher, M. Chiladze, D. Dymov, S. Dzyuba, A. Gebel, R. Hejny, V. Kaempfer, B. Keshelashvili, I. Koptev, V. Lorentz, B. Maeda, Y. Merzliakov, S. Mikirtytchiants, S. Nekipelov, M. Ohm, H. Schade, H. Serdyuk, V. Sibirtsev, A. Sinitsyna, V. Y. Stein, H. J. Stroeher, H. Trusov, S. Valdau, Yu. Wilkin, C. Wuestner, P. TI Measurement of the in-medium phi-meson width in proton-nucleus collisions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE phi meson production; Nuclear medium effects ID INCLUSIVE PION-PRODUCTION; NEAR-THRESHOLD PRODUCTION; QCD SUM-RULES; VECTOR-MESONS; COSY-JULICH; PHOTOPRODUCTION; DEPENDENCE; MODEL; ANKE AB The production of phi mesons in the collisions of 2.83 GeV protons with C, Cu, Ag, and Au at forward angles has been measured via the phi -> K(+)K(-) decay using the COSY-ANKE magnetic spectrometer. The phi meson production cross section follows a target mass dependence of A(0.56 +/- 0.33) in the momentum region of 0.6-1.6 GeV/c. The comparison of the data with model calculations suggests that the in-medium phi width is about an order of magnitude larger than its free value. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilkin, C.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Polyanskiy, A.; Hartmann, M.; Buescher, M.; Chiladze, D.; Gebel, R.; Hejny, V.; Lorentz, B.; Merzliakov, S.; Nekipelov, M.; Ohm, H.; Serdyuk, V.; Sibirtsev, A.; Stein, H. J.; Stroeher, H.; Valdau, Yu.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Polyanskiy, A.; Hartmann, M.; Buescher, M.; Chiladze, D.; Gebel, R.; Hejny, V.; Lorentz, B.; Merzliakov, S.; Nekipelov, M.; Ohm, H.; Serdyuk, V.; Sibirtsev, A.; Stein, H. J.; Stroeher, H.; Valdau, Yu.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Hadron Phys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Polyanskiy, A.; Kiselev, Yu. T.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117218 Moscow, Russia. [Paryev, E. Ya.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, RU-117312 Moscow, Russia. [Chiladze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, GE-0186 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dymov, S.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys 2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Dymov, S.; Merzliakov, S.; Serdyuk, V.] Joint Nucl Res Inst, Lab Nucl Problems, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. [Dzyuba, A.; Koptev, V.; Mikirtytchiants, S.; Valdau, Yu.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Dept High Energy Phys, RU-188350 Gatchina, Russia. [Kaempfer, B.; Schade, H.; Trusov, S.] Forschungszentrum Dresden Rossendorf, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Trusov, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, RU-119991 Moscow, Russia. [Keshelashvili, I.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Maeda, Y.] Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Res Ctr, Osaka 5670047, Japan. [Sibirtsev, A.] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Sibirtsev, A.] Univ Bonn, Bethe Ctr Theoret Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Sibirtsev, A.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facility, Excited Baryon Anal Ctr EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Sinitsyna, V. Y.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, RU-119991 Moscow, Russia. [Wuestner, P.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Zent Inst Elekt, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Wilkin, C (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM m.hartmann@fz-juelich.de; yurikis@itep.ru; cw@hep.ucl.ac.uk RI Buscher, Markus/G-6540-2013; Hejny, Volker/D-6657-2012; Sinitsyna, Vera Georgievna/M-9575-2015; Sinitsyna, Vera Yurievna/M-9568-2015; Kiselev, Yury/A-4572-2017 OI Buscher, Markus/0000-0001-5265-7248; Hejny, Volker/0000-0003-0713-5859; FU BMBF; COSY FFE; VI-QCD; DFG; RFBR FX Support from A. Wirzba and other members of the ANKE Collaboration, as well as the COSY machine crew, are gratefully acknowledged. The calculations performed for us by the Valencia group have been very helpful in the interpretation of our results. This work has been partially financed by the BMBF, COSY FFE, VI-QCD, DFG, and RFBR. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 74 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.10.050 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700014 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Ancu, LS Aoki, M Arnoud, Y Arov, M Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Avila, C BackusMayes, J Badaud, F Bagby, L Baldin, B Bandurin, DV Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Beale, S Bean, A Begalli, M Begel, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bellantoni, L Benitez, JA Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, K Boehnlein, A Boline, D Bolton, TA Boos, EE Borissov, G Bose, T Brandt, A Brandt, O Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brown, D Brown, J Bu, XB Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Bunichev, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Buszello, CP Calpas, B Calvet, S Camacho-Perez, E Carrasco-Lizarraga, MA Carrera, E Casey, BCK Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chen, G Chevalier-Thery, S Cho, DK Cho, SW Choi, S Choudhary, B Christoudias, T Cihangir, S Claes, D Clutter, J Cooke, M Cooper, WE Corcoran, M Couderc, F Cousinou, MC Croc, A Cutts, D Cwiok, M Das, A Davies, G De, K de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S DeVaughan, K Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Dominguez, A Dorland, T Dubey, A Dudko, LV Duggan, D Duperrin, A Dutt, S Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Enari, Y Eno, S Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Facini, G Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fuess, S Gadfort, T Garcia-Bellido, A Gavrilov, V Gay, R Geist, W Geng, W Gerbaudo, D Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golovanov, G Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Grenier, G Gris, P Grivaz, JF Grohsjean, A Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guo, F Guo, J Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hagopian, S Haley, J Han, L Harder, K Harel, A Hauptman, JM Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Hegab, H Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Heredia-De La Cruz, I Herner, K Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hoang, T Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hossain, S Hubacek, Z Huske, N Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jamin, D Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Johnston, D Jonckheere, A Jonsson, R Joshi, J Juste, A Kaadze, K Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Kasper, PA Katsanos, I Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Khalatyan, N Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YN Khatidze, D Kirby, MH Kohli, JM Kozelov, AV Kraus, J Kumar, A Kupco, A Kurca, T Kuzmin, VA Kvita, J Lammers, S Landsberg, G Lebrun, R Lee, HS Lee, SW Lee, WM Lellouch, J Li, L Li, QZ Lietti, SM Lim, JK Lincoln, D Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Liu, Y Liu, Z Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Love, P Lubatti, HJ Luna-Garcia, R Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Mackin, D Madar, R Magana-Villalba, R Malik, S Malyshev, VL Maravin, Y Martinez-Ortega, J McCarthy, R McGivern, CL Meijer, MM Melnitchouk, A Menezes, D Mercadante, PG Merkin, M Meyer, A Meyer, J Mondal, NK Muanza, GS Mulhearn, M Nagy, E Naimuddin, M Narain, M Nayyar, R Neal, HA Negret, JP Neustroev, P Nilsen, H Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Obrant, G Onoprienko, D Orduna, J Osman, N Osta, J Garzon, GJOY Owen, M Padilla, M Pangilinan, M Parashar, N Parihar, V Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Penning, B Perfilov, M Peters, K Peters, Y Petrillo, G Petroff, P Piegaia, R Piper, J Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pol, ME Polozov, P Popov, AV Prewitt, M Price, D Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rangel, MS Ranjan, K Ratoff, PN Razumov, I Renkel, P Rich, P Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Rominsky, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Safronov, G Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Sanghi, B Santos, AS Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schamberger, RD Scheglov, Y Schellman, H Schliephake, T Schlobohm, S Schwanenberger, C Schwienhorst, R Sekaric, J Severini, H Shabalina, E Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shivpuri, RK Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, R Slattery, R Smirnov, D Smith, KJ Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Spurlock, B Stark, J Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, E Strauss, M Strom, D Stutte, L Svoisky, P Takahashi, M Tanasijczuk, A Taylor, W Titov, M Tokmenin, VV Tsybychev, D Tuchming, B Tully, C Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Vesterinen, M Vilanova, D Vint, R Vokac, P Wahl, HD Wang, MHLS Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Wetstein, M White, A Wicke, D Williams, MRJ Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wobisch, M Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xie, Y Xu, C Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yang, WC Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Ye, Z Yin, H Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Zelitch, S Zhao, T Zhou, B Zhou, N Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zivkovic, L AF Abazov, V. M. Abbott, B. Abolins, M. Acharya, B. S. Adams, M. Adams, T. Alexeev, G. D. Alkhazov, G. Alton, A. Alverson, G. Alves, G. A. Ancu, L. S. Aoki, M. Arnoud, Y. Arov, M. Askew, A. Asman, B. Atramentov, O. Avila, C. BackusMayes, J. Badaud, F. Bagby, L. Baldin, B. Bandurin, D. V. Banerjee, S. Barberis, E. Baringer, P. Barreto, J. Bartlett, J. F. Bassler, U. Beale, S. Bean, A. Begalli, M. Begel, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bellantoni, L. Benitez, J. A. Beri, S. B. Bernardi, G. Bernhard, R. Bertram, I. Besancon, M. Beuselinck, R. Bezzubov, V. A. Bhat, P. C. Bhatnagar, V. Blazey, G. Blessing, S. Bloom, K. Boehnlein, A. Boline, D. Bolton, T. A. Boos, E. E. Borissov, G. Bose, T. Brandt, A. Brandt, O. Brock, R. Brooijmans, G. Bross, A. Brown, D. Brown, J. Bu, X. B. Buchholz, D. Buehler, M. Buescher, V. Bunichev, V. Burdin, S. Burnett, T. H. Buszello, C. P. Calpas, B. Calvet, S. Camacho-Perez, E. Carrasco-Lizarraga, M. A. Carrera, E. Casey, B. C. K. Castilla-Valdez, H. Chakrabarti, S. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. M. Chandra, A. Chen, G. Chevalier-Thery, S. Cho, D. K. Cho, S. W. Choi, S. Choudhary, B. Christoudias, T. Cihangir, S. Claes, D. Clutter, J. Cooke, M. Cooper, W. E. Corcoran, M. Couderc, F. Cousinou, M. -C. Croc, A. Cutts, D. Cwiok, M. Das, A. Davies, G. De, K. de Jong, S. J. De La Cruz-Burelo, E. Deliot, F. Demarteau, M. Demina, R. Denisov, D. Denisov, S. P. Desai, S. DeVaughan, K. Diehl, H. T. Diesburg, M. Dominguez, A. Dorland, T. Dubey, A. Dudko, L. V. Duggan, D. Duperrin, A. Dutt, S. Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Ellison, J. Elvira, V. D. Enari, Y. Eno, S. Evans, H. Evdokimov, A. Evdokimov, V. N. Facini, G. Ferapontov, A. V. Ferbel, T. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, F. Fisher, W. Fisk, H. E. Fortner, M. Fox, H. Fuess, S. Gadfort, T. Garcia-Bellido, A. Gavrilov, V. Gay, R. Geist, W. Geng, W. Gerbaudo, D. Gerber, C. E. Gershtein, Y. Ginther, G. Golovanov, G. Goussiou, A. Grannis, P. D. Greder, S. Greenlee, H. Greenwood, Z. D. Gregores, E. M. Grenier, G. 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K. Lincoln, D. Linnemann, J. Lipaev, V. V. Lipton, R. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Lobodenko, A. Lokajicek, M. Love, P. Lubatti, H. J. Luna-Garcia, R. Lyon, A. L. Maciel, A. K. A. Mackin, D. Madar, R. Magana-Villalba, R. Malik, S. Malyshev, V. L. Maravin, Y. Martinez-Ortega, J. McCarthy, R. McGivern, C. L. Meijer, M. M. Melnitchouk, A. Menezes, D. Mercadante, P. G. Merkin, M. Meyer, A. Meyer, J. Mondal, N. K. Muanza, G. S. Mulhearn, M. Nagy, E. Naimuddin, M. Narain, M. Nayyar, R. Neal, H. A. Negret, J. P. Neustroev, P. Nilsen, H. Novaes, S. F. Nunnemann, T. Obrant, G. Onoprienko, D. Orduna, J. Osman, N. Osta, J. Otero y Garzon, G. J. Owen, M. Padilla, M. Pangilinan, M. Parashar, N. Parihar, V. Park, S. K. Parsons, J. Partridge, R. Parua, N. Patwa, A. Penning, B. Perfilov, M. Peters, K. Peters, Y. Petrillo, G. Petroff, P. Piegaia, R. Piper, J. Pleier, M. -A. Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M. Podstavkov, V. M. Pol, M. -E. Polozov, P. Popov, A. V. Prewitt, M. Price, D. Protopopescu, S. Qian, J. Quadt, A. Quinn, B. Rangel, M. S. Ranjan, K. Ratoff, P. N. Razumov, I. Renkel, P. Rich, P. Rijssenbeek, M. Ripp-Baudot, I. Rizatdinova, F. Rominsky, M. Royon, C. Rubinov, P. Ruchti, R. Safronov, G. Sajot, G. Sanchez-Hernandez, A. Sanders, M. P. Sanghi, B. Santos, A. S. Savage, G. Sawyer, L. Scanlon, T. Schamberger, R. D. Scheglov, Y. Schellman, H. Schliephake, T. Schlobohm, S. Schwanenberger, C. Schwienhorst, R. Sekaric, J. Severini, H. Shabalina, E. Shary, V. Shchukin, A. A. Shivpuri, R. K. Simak, V. Sirotenko, V. Skubic, R. Slattery, R. Smirnov, D. Smith, K. J. Snow, G. R. Snow, J. Snyder, S. Soeldner-Rembold, S. Sonnenschein, L. Sopczak, A. Sosebee, M. Soustruznik, K. Spurlock, B. Stark, J. Stolin, V. Stoyanova, D. A. Strauss, E. Strauss, M. Strom, D. Stutte, L. Svoisky, P. Takahashi, M. Tanasijczuk, A. Taylor, W. Titov, M. Tokmenin, V. V. Tsybychev, D. Tuchming, B. Tully, C. Tuts, P. M. Uvarov, L. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, S. Van Kooten, R. van Leeuwen, W. M. Varelas, N. Varnes, E. W. Vasilyev, I. A. Verdier, P. Vertogradov, L. S. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, M. Vilanova, D. Vint, P. Vokac, P. Wahl, H. D. Wang, M. H. L. S. Warchol, J. Watts, G. Wayne, M. Weber, M. Wetstein, M. White, A. Wicke, D. Williams, M. R. J. Wilson, G. W. Wimpenny, S. J. Wobisch, M. Wood, D. R. Wyatt, T. R. Xie, Y. Xu, C. Yacoob, S. Yamada, R. Yang, W. -C. Yasuda, T. Yatsunenko, Y. A. Ye, Z. Yin, H. Yip, K. Yoo, H. D. Youn, S. W. Yu, J. Zelitch, S. Zhao, T. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhu, J. Zielinski, M. Zieminska, D. Zivkovic, L. TI Search for a heavy neutral gauge boson in the dielectron channel with 5.4 fb(-1) of p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Extensions of standard model; New gauge bosons ID DETECTOR AB We report the results of a search for a heavy neutral gauge boson Z' decaying into the dielectron final state using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb(-1) collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. No significant excess above the standard model prediction is observed in the dielectron invariant-mass spectrum. We set 95 sigma(p (p) over bar -> Z') x BR(Z' -> ee) depending on the dielectron invariant mass. These cross section limits are used to determine lower mass limits for bosons in a variety of models. For the sequential standard model boson a lower mass limit of 1023 GeV is obtained. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Abazov, V. M.; Alexeev, G. D.; Golovanov, G.; Kharzheev, Y. N.; Malyshev, V. L.; Tokmenin, V. V.; Vertogradov, L. S.; Yatsunenko, Y. A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Otero y Garzon, G. J.; Piegaia, R.; Tanasijczuk, A.] Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Alves, G. A.; Barreto, J.; Maciel, A. K. A.; Pol, M. -E.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Begalli, M.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. 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[Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Hossain, S.; Severini, H.; Skubic, R.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hegab, H.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Cho, D. K.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A. V.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Khatidze, D.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Pangilinan, M.; Parihar, V.; Partridge, R.; Yoo, H. D.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brandt, A.; De, K.; Sosebee, M.; Spurlock, B.; White, A.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Kehoe, R.; Renkel, P.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Chandra, A.; Corcoran, M.; Mackin, D.; Prewitt, M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Buehler, M.; Hirosky, R.; Mulhearn, M.; Zelitch, S.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [BackusMayes, J.; Burnett, T. H.; Dorland, T.; Goussiou, A.; Lubatti, H. J.; Schlobohm, S.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Alton, A.] Augustana Coll, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Burdin, S.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Haas, A.; Partridge, R.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Juste, A.] ICREA IFAE, Barcelona, Spain. [Luna-Garcia, R.] IPN, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, ECFM, Culiacan, Mexico. [Weber, M.] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; bu, xuebing/D-1121-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Perfilov, Maxim/E-1064-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Santos, Angelo/K-5552-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Bolton, Tim/A-7951-2012; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/F-1812-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014; Christoudias, Theodoros/E-7305-2015; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Zhou, Ning/D-1123-2017 OI Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/0000-0001-5068-6723; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Christoudias, Theodoros/0000-0001-9050-3880; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; FU DOE (USA); NSF (USA); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI (Russia); Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE (India); DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF (Korea); KOSEF (Korea); CONICET (Argentina); UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC; Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT (Czech Republic); GACR (Czech Republic); CRC (Canada); NSERC (Canada); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); CAS (China); CNSF (China) FX We thank the staffs at Fermilab and collaborating institutions, and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI, Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP and FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE and DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF and KOSEF (Korea); CONICET and UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic); CRC Program and NSERC (Canada); BMBF and DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); The Swedish Research Council (Sweden); and CAS and CNSF (China). NR 29 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.10.059 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700017 ER PT J AU Karsch, F Redlich, K AF Karsch, F. Redlich, K. TI Probing freeze-out conditions in heavy ion collisions with moments of charge fluctuations SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE QCD phase diagram; Heavy ion collisions; Chiral phase transition; Charge fluctuations; Particle freeze-out; Hadron resonance gas ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; THERMAL HADRON-PRODUCTION; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE; RESTORATION; DENSITY AB We calculate the first four moments of baryon number, electric charge and strangeness fluctuations within the hadron resonance gas model. Different moments and their ratios as well as skewness and kurtosis are evaluated on the phenomenologically determined freeze-out curve in the temperature, baryon chemical potential plane. The model results and its predictions as well as relations between different moments are compared with the first data on net proton fluctuations in Au-Au collisions obtained at RHIC by the STAR Collaboration. We find good agreement between the model calculations and experimental results. We also point out that higher order moments should be more sensitive to critical behavior and will also distinguish hadron resonance gas model calculations from results obtained from lattice QCD. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Karsch, F.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Karsch, F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Redlich, K.] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50204 Wroclaw, Poland. [Redlich, K.] CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Karsch, F (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, Postfach 100 131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. EM karsch@bnl.gov FU Polish Ministry of Science; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We acknowledge stimulating discussions with Tapan Nayak and Nu Xu. K.R. also acknowledges fruitful discussions with A. Andronic and B. Friman and the partial support of the Polish Ministry of Science. This work has been supported in part by contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. NR 40 TC 132 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 10 PY 2011 VL 695 IS 1-4 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.10.046 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713AZ UT WOS:000286708700024 ER PT J AU Berg, LK Kassianov, EI Long, CN Mills, DL AF Berg, Larry K. Kassianov, Evgueni I. Long, Charles N. Mills, David L., Jr. TI Surface summertime radiative forcing by shallow cumuli at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains site SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; SOLAR IRRADIANCE; SGP SITE; CLIMATOLOGY; FRACTION; IMPACT; VALIDATION; FACILITY; PACIFIC; COVER AB Although shallow cumuli are common over large areas of the globe, their impact on the surface cloud radiative forcing (CRF) has not been carefully evaluated. This study addresses this shortcoming by analyzing data collected during conditions with single-layer shallow cumuli over eight summers (2000 through 2007) at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. During periods with clouds, the average shortwave and longwave CRF at the surface are -45.5 W m(-2) (out of 612 W m(-2) estimated for clear-sky conditions) and +15.9 W m(-2) (out of -105.2 W m(-2) estimated for clear-sky conditions), respectively. Instances of cloud-induced enhancement of the shortwave irradiance over that estimated for clear skies are observed approximately 20% of the time and are caused by spatial and temporal inhomogeneity of cumuli. Such enhancement is responsible for occurrences of positive shortwave CRF with instantaneous values as large as +75 W m(-2). The total amount of shortwave and longwave energy deposited at the surface over a period of time depends nonlinearly on the fractional sky cover, and the largest values of the deposited energy occur for intermediate cloud amounts between 0.4 and 0.6. C1 [Berg, Larry K.; Kassianov, Evgueni I.; Long, Charles N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mills, David L., Jr.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Berg, LK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM larry.berg@pnl.gov RI Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016 OI Berg, Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX The comments of two anonymous reviewers significantly improved this manuscript. This work has been supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), and Atmospheric Systems Research (ASR) Programs. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by Battelle for the DOE under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. D. L. Mills was supported by a DOE Global Change Education Program (GCEP) Summer Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE). Recognition is also extended to those responsible for the operation and maintenance of the instruments that produced the data used in this study; their diligent and dedicated efforts are often underappreciated. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 8 PY 2011 VL 116 AR D01202 DI 10.1029/2010JD014593 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 704MX UT WOS:000286058200002 ER PT J AU Cao, JB Wu, JQ AF Cao, Jinbo Wu, Junqiao TI Strain effects in low-dimensional transition metal oxides SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Nanowire; Thin film; Strain; Transition metal oxide; Correlated electron material; Phase transition ID FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SINGLE ZNO NANOWIRE; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; PHASE-DIAGRAM; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; DOMAIN-STRUCTURES AB Transition metal oxides offer a wide spectrum of properties which provide the foundation for a broad range of potential applications. Many of these properties originate from intrinsic coupling between lattice deformation and nanoscale electronic and magnetic ordering. Lattice strain thus has a profound influence on the electrical, optical, and magnetic properties of these materials. Recent advances in materials processing have led to the synthesis of low-dimensional single-crystal transition metal oxides, namely, epitaxial ultra-thin films and free-standing nano/microwires. Unlike bulk materials, these systems allow external tuning of uniform strain in these materials to tailor their properties and functionalities. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in studies of strain effects in transition metal oxide ultra-thin films and nano/microwires. In epitaxial thin films, biaxial strain is developed as a result of lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate. By choosing different substrates, a wide range of strain can be established at discrete values that allows for exploration of new phase space, enhancement of order parameters, creation of complicated domain textures, and stabilization of new phases. On the other hand, continuous tuning of uniaxial strain is possible in nano/microwires, where a variety of phase transitions and their dynamics could be probed at the single or few-domain scale. We focus on the work of strain-controlled electromechanical response in piezoelectric oxides and strain-induced metal-insulator transitions as well as domain physics in strongly correlated electron oxides. Related nanoscale device applications such as strain sensing and power generation will be highlighted as well. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cao, Jinbo; Wu, Junqiao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cao, Jinbo; Wu, Junqiao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cao, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcao@lbl.gov RI Cao, Jinbo/C-7537-2009; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0832819] FX We thank our colleagues and collaborators for sharing their insights on projects related to the topic area, including C. Barrett, K. Chen, L.Q. Chen, E. Ertekin, W. Fan, J.C. Grossman, Y. Gu, S. Huang, D.R. Khanal, M. Kunz, D.F. Ogletree, V. Srinivasan, N. Tamura, Z.L. Wang, J.W.L. Yim, R. Ramesh, E. Saiz, D.G. Schlom, J. Seidel, Q. Yuan, H. Zheng, and R.K. Zheng. We greatly acknowledge the financial support of National Science Foundation under Grant No. EEC-0832819. NR 204 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 12 U2 145 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0927-796X EI 1879-212X J9 MAT SCI ENG R JI Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep. PD JAN 8 PY 2011 VL 71 IS 2-4 BP 35 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.mser.2010.08.001 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 701HR UT WOS:000285809500001 ER PT J AU Nemer, MB Xiong, YL Ismail, AE Jang, JH AF Nemer, Martin B. Xiong, Yongliang Ismail, Ahmed E. Jang, Je-Hun TI Solubility of Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl (pure-iron end-member of hibbingite) in NaCl and Na2SO4 brines SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl; Fe(OH)(2); GR(II)SO4; hibbingite; green rust; Pitzer model ID GREEN RUST; OXIDATION; FE(II); METEORITES; BEARING; COMPLEX; FE AB Pure-iron end-member hibbingite, Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s), may be important to geological repositories in salt formations, as it may be a dominant corrosion product of steel waste canisters in an anoxic environment in Na-Cl- and Na-Mg-Cl-dominated brines. In this study, the solubility of Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s), the pure-iron end-member of hibbingite (Fe-II, Mg)(2)(OH)(3)Cl(s), and Fe(OH)(2)(s) in 0.04 m to 6 m NaCl brines has been determined. For the reaction Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s) + 3H(+)-3H(2)O + 2Fe(2+) + Cl- , the solubility constant of Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s) at infinite dilution and 25 degrees C has been found to be log(10)K = 17.12 +/- 0.15 (95% confidence interval using F statistics for 36 data points and 3 parameters). For the reaction Fe(OH)(3)Cl(s) + 2H(+)-2H(2)O + Fe2+, the solubility constant Of Fe(OH)(2) at infinite dilution and 25 degrees C has been found to be log(10)K = 12.95 +/- 0.13 (95% confidence interval using F statistics for 36 data points and 3 parameters). For the combined set of solubility data for Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s) and Fe(OH)(2)(s), the Na+-Fe2+ pair Pitzer interaction parameter theta(Na+/Fe2+) has been found to be 0.08 +/- 0.03 (95% confidence interval using F statistics for 36 data points and 3 parameters). In nearly saturated NaCl brine we observed evidence for the conversion of Fe(OH)(2)(s) to Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s). Additionally, when Fe-2(OH)(3)Cl(s) was added to sodium sulfate brines, the formation of green rust(II) sulfate was observed, along with the generation of hydrogen gas. The results presented here provide insight into understanding and modeling the geochemistry and performance assessment of nuclear waste repositories in salt formations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nemer, Martin B.; Ismail, Ahmed E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment & Decis Anal Dept, Carlsbad Programs Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. [Xiong, Yongliang; Jang, Je-Hun] Sandia Natl Labs, Repository Performance Dept, Carlsbad Programs Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Nemer, MB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment & Decis Anal Dept, Carlsbad Programs Grp, 4100 Natl Pk Highway, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. EM mbnemer@sandia.gov; yxiong@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; WIPP programs FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This research is funded by WIPP programs administered by the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 280 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.10.003 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 717BE UT WOS:000287016400003 ER PT J AU Boukai, A Haney, P Katzenmeyer, A Gallatin, GM Talin, AA Yang, PD AF Boukai, Akram Haney, Paul Katzenmeyer, Aaron Gallatin, Gregg M. Talin, A. Alec Yang, Peidong TI Efficiency enhancement of copper contaminated radial p-n junction solar cells SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON; RECOMBINATION ACTIVITY; ENERGY-CONVERSION; METAL IMPURITIES AB Radial p-n junction solar cells have been predicted theoretically to have better efficiencies than their planar counterparts due to a decrease in the distance required to collect minority carriers relative to carrier diffusion length. This advantage is also significantly enhanced when the diffusion length is much smaller than the absorption length. The radial p-n junctions studied here consist of micron-scale to nano-scale diameter holes etched into a copper contaminated silicon wafer. Radial p-n junctions contaminated with copper impurities show roughly a twofold increase in efficiency than similarly contaminated planar p-n junction solar cells; however the enhancement is a strong function of the radial junction pitch, with maximum enhancement occurring for a pitch that is twice the carrier diffusion length. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Haney, Paul; Gallatin, Gregg M.; Talin, A. Alec] NIST, Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Katzenmeyer, Aaron] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Boukai, Akram; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu RI Gallatin, Gregg/H-1998-2012; Katzenmeyer, Aaron/F-7961-2014 OI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; NSF FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The experimental part of this work is supported by National Science Foundation. A.B. thanks Erik Garnett for helpful discussions and Tom Mates for assistance with SIMS. P.Y. thanks NSF for the Waterman Award. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 501 IS 4-6 BP 153 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.11.069 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 701OJ UT WOS:000285829300001 ER PT J AU Sun, XQ Wick, CD Thallapally, PK McGrail, BP Dang, LX AF Sun, Xiuquan Wick, Collin D. Thallapally, Praveen K. McGrail, B. Peter Dang, Liem X. TI Molecular mechanism of hydrocarbons binding to the metal-organic framework SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; ADSORPTION; SEPARATION; DIFFUSION; TEMPERATURE; STABILITY; DESIGN; MOFS AB The adsorption and diffusivity of methane, ethane, n-butane, n-hexane and cyclohexane in a metal organic framework (MOF) with the organic linker tetrakis[4-(carboxyphenyl)oxamethyl] methane, the metal salt, Zn2+, and an organic pillar, 4,4'-bipyridin was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. For the n-alkanes, the longer the chain, the lower the free energy of adsorption, which was attributed to a greater number of contacts between the alkane and MOF. Cyclohexane had a slightly higher adsorption free energy than n-hexane. Furthermore, for cyclo-and n-hexane, there were no significant differences in adsorption free energies between systems with low to moderate loadings. The diffusivity of the n-alkanes was found to strongly depend on chain length with slower diffusion for longer chains. Cyclohexane had no effective diffusion, suggesting the selectivity the MOF towards n-hexane over cyclohexane results from kinetics instead of thermodynamics. (C) 2010 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Xiuquan; Thallapally, Praveen K.; McGrail, B. Peter; Dang, Liem X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wick, Collin D.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. RP Dang, LX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM liem.dang@pnl.gov RI thallapally, praveen/I-5026-2014 OI thallapally, praveen/0000-0001-7814-4467 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Program, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division, under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830 with the DOE. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 501 IS 4-6 BP 455 EP 460 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.11.070 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 701OJ UT WOS:000285829300059 ER PT J AU Altunay, M Leyffer, S Linderoth, JT Xie, Z AF Altunay, Mine Leyffer, Sven Linderoth, Jeffrey T. Xie, Zhen TI Optimal response to attacks on the open science grid SO COMPUTER NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Cybersecurity; Optimization; Network; Multiobjective; Integer optimization ID NETWORKS; DEFENSE; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; GRAPHS AB Cybersecurity is a growing concern, especially in open grids, where attack propagation is easy because of prevalent collaborations among thousands of users and hundreds of institutions. The collaboration rules that typically govern large science experiments as well as social networks of scientists span across the institutional security boundaries. A common concern is that the increased openness may allow malicious attackers to spread more readily around the grid. We consider how to optimally respond to attacks in open grid environments. To show how and why attacks spread more readily around the grid, we first discuss how collaborations manifest themselves in the grids and form the collaboration network graph, and how this collaboration network graph affects the security threat levels of grid participants. We present two mixed-integer program (MIP) models to find the optimal response to attacks in open grid environments, and also calculate the threat level associated with each grid participant. Given an attack scenario, our optimal response model aims to minimize the threat levels at unaffected participants while maximizing the uninterrupted scientific production (continuing collaborations). By adopting some of the collaboration rules (e.g., suspending a collaboration or shutting down a site), the model finds optimal response to subvert an attack scenario. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Leyffer, Sven; Xie, Zhen] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Altunay, Mine] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Linderoth, Jeffrey T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Xie, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM maltunay@fnal.gov; leyffer@mcs.anl.gov; linderoth@wisc.edu; zhenxie@mcs.anl.gov RI Linderoth, Jeffrey/B-4995-2013; Xie, Zhen/A-5087-2009 OI Linderoth, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4442-3059; FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.; The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The US Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-1286 EI 1872-7069 J9 COMPUT NETW JI Comput. Netw. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 55 IS 1 BP 61 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.comnet.2010.07.012 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA 718GH UT WOS:000287108600006 ER PT J AU Dupuis, M Kawano, T Delaroche, JP Bauge, E AF Dupuis, M. Kawano, T. Delaroche, J. -P. Bauge, E. TI Microscopic model approach to (n,xn) pre-equilibrium reactions for medium-energy neutrons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-SHELL NUCLEI; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; MULTISTEP COMPOUND; OCTUPOLE RESONANCE; FOLDING MODEL; PB-208; EXCITATIONS; CONTINUUM; EMISSION; STATES AB We report on microscopic model calculations of the first step of direct pre-equilibrium (n,xn) emission in neutron interaction with (90)Zr and (208)Pb below 20 MeV. Our model is based on both an accurate description of the target excited states, provided by the self-consistent random-phase approximation (RPA) method implemented with the Gogny D1S force, and well-established in-medium two-body forces to represent the residual nucleon-nucleon interaction for the inelastic processes. Two goals have been achieved: The present microscopic approach provides a unified description of collective state excitations and the pre-equilibrium one-step process, and our reaction model reproduces the available data fairly well, without any parameter adjustment. C1 [Dupuis, M.; Kawano, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dupuis, M.; Delaroche, J. -P.; Bauge, E.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RP Dupuis, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM marc.dupuis@cea.fr FU UNEDF SciDAC Collaboration; National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX One of the authors (M.D.) is very grateful to D. Gogny for his advice and guidance throughout the early stage of this work performed at CEA-DAM Ile-de-France. He is also very grateful to J. Raynal for his continuous assistance with the DWBA98 code. He also wishes to thank S. Peru for helpful guidance with the RPA formalism and computer code. This work was supported in part by the UNEDF SciDAC Collaboration and was partly carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 014602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.83.014602 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 713PN UT WOS:000286750000003 ER PT J AU Sapirstein, J Cheng, KT AF Sapirstein, J. Cheng, K. T. TI S-matrix calculations of energy levels of the lithium isoelectronic sequence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CU-LIKE IONS; LI-LIKE; SELF-ENERGY; LAMB SHIFT; 2S(1/2)-2P(3/2) LEVELS; TRANSITION ENERGIES; VACUUM POLARIZATION; ATOMIC SPECTRA; NA-LIKE; NUCLEAR AB A QED approach to the calculation of the spectra of the lithium isoelectronic sequence is implemented. A modified Furry representation based on the Kohn-Sham potential is used to evaluate all one- and two-photon diagrams with the exception of the two-loop Lamb shift. Three-photon diagrams are estimated with Hamiltonian methods. After incorporating recent calculations of the two-loop Lamb shift and recoil corrections, a comprehensive tabulation of the 2s, 2p(1/2), and 2p(3/2) energy levels as well as the 2s-2p(1/2) and 2s-2p(3/2) transition energies for Z = 10-100 is presented. C1 [Sapirstein, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Cheng, K. T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sapirstein, J (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM jsapirst@nd.edu; ktcheng@llnl.gov FU NSF [PHY-0757125]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The work of J.S. was supported in part by NSF Grant No. PHY-0757125. The work of K.T.C. was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 012504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.012504 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 713IY UT WOS:000286732900006 ER PT J AU Stadler, B Price, AD Zelikin, AN AF Staedler, Brigitte Price, Andrew D. Zelikin, Alexander N. TI A Critical Look at Multilayered Polymer Capsules in Biomedicine: Drug Carriers, Artificial Organelles, and Cell Mimics SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HOLLOW POLYELECTROLYTE MICROCAPSULES; BLOCK-COPOLYMER MICELLES; ENZYME-LOADED LIPOSOMES; HYDROGEL CAPSULES; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; ATP BIOSYNTHESIS; DELIVERY VEHICLE; IN-VITRO; EN-ROUTE; VESICLES AB This Feature Article discusses utility of multilayered polymer capsules in biomedicine, specifically in drug delivery and in design of artificial organelles and cells. We provide a critical view on recent successes and identified shortcomings of these capsules in delivery of therapeutic cargo and outline plausible further developments of capsules as candidate drug carriers. A special emphasis is placed on poly(methacrylic acid) hydrogel capsules as successful carriers used in delivery of anticancer drugs and protein and peptide vaccines. We further present a novel biomedical approach whereby the same vessel acts first as a microreactor and then as a carrier for de novo synthesized therapeutic cargo. Finally, utility of polymer capsules in design of cell mimics is discussed with an emphasis on assembly and performance of capsosomes, polymer capsules with liposomal subcompartments. This presentation of capsules in biomedicine aims to provide an overview of past achievements and existing challenges associated with these candidate vessels and to stimulate further research interest from a broad scientific audience. C1 [Staedler, Brigitte; Zelikin, Alexander N.] Aarhus Univ, Interdisciplinary Nanosci Ctr iNano, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Price, Andrew D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept CINT Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Zelikin, Alexander N.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Stadler, B (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Interdisciplinary Nanosci Ctr iNano, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM bstadler@inano.au.dk; adprice@sandia.gov; zelikin@chem.au.dk RI Zelikin, Alexander/J-3659-2012; Stadler, Brigitte/I-2661-2013; OI Zelikin, Alexander/0000-0002-9864-321X; Stadler, Brigitte/0000-0002-7335-3945 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 105 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 80 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 14 EP 28 DI 10.1002/adfm.201001676 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 700FI UT WOS:000285723000001 ER PT J AU Wang, C Chi, MF Wang, GF van der Vliet, D Li, DG More, K Wang, HH Schlueter, JA Markovic, NM Stamenkovic, VR AF Wang, Chao Chi, Miaofang Wang, Guofeng van der Vliet, Dennis Li, Dongguo More, Karren Wang, Hsien-Hau Schlueter, John A. Markovic, Nenad M. Stamenkovic, Vojislav R. TI Correlation Between Surface Chemistry and Electrocatalytic Properties of Monodisperse PtxNi1-x Nanoparticles SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN REDUCTION ACTIVITY; PEM FUEL-CELLS; ALLOY CATALYSTS; NIXPT1-X NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NI; CO; SIZE; FE; DISSOLUTION AB Monodisperse and homogeneous PtxNi1-x alloy nanoparticles of various compositions are synthesized via an organic solution approach in order to reveal the correlation between surface chemistry and their electrocatalytic properties. Atomic-level microscopic analysis of the compositional profile and modeling of nanoparticle structure are combined to follow the dependence of Ni dissolution on the initial alloy composition and formation of the Pt-skeleton nanostructures. The developed approach and acquired knowledge about surface structure-property correlation can be further generalized and applied towards the design of advanced functional nanomaterials. C1 [Wang, Chao; van der Vliet, Dennis; Li, Dongguo; Wang, Hsien-Hau; Schlueter, John A.; Markovic, Nenad M.; Stamenkovic, Vojislav R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60559 USA. [Chi, Miaofang; More, Karren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Guofeng] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60559 USA. EM vrstamenkovic@anl.gov RI Wang, Chao/F-4558-2012; van der Vliet, Dennis/P-2983-2015; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Li, Dongguo/O-6253-2016 OI Wang, Chao/0000-0001-7398-2090; van der Vliet, Dennis/0000-0002-2524-527X; Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Li, Dongguo/0000-0001-7578-7811 FU Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was conducted at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory, operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program. Microscopy research was conducted at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne, and ORNL's SHaRE User Facility, sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 39 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 15 U2 116 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1002/adfm.201001138 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 700FI UT WOS:000285723000016 ER PT J AU Whitaker, MJ Pattanaik, B Montgomery, BL AF Whitaker, Melissa J. Pattanaik, Bagmi Montgomery, Beronda L. TI Characterization of green mutants in Fremyella diplosiphon provides insight into the impact of phycoerythrin deficiency and linker function on complementary chromatic adaptation SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Complementary chromatic adaptation; Morphology; Photosensing; Phycobiliprotein; Phycobiliprotein linker; Pigmentation ID CELLULAR MORPHOLOGY; PCC 7601; LIGHT; CYANOBACTERIUM; EXPRESSION; GENES; PHOTOREGULATION; PHYCOBILISOMES; TRANSCRIPTION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Functions of phycobiliprotein (PBP) linkers are less well studied than other PBP polypeptides that are structural components or required for the synthesis of the light-harvesting phycobilisome (PBS) complexes. Linkers serve both structural and functional roles in PBSs. Here, we report the isolation of a phycoerythrin (PE) rod-linker mutant and a novel PE-deficient mutant in Fremyella diplosiphon. We describe their phenotypic characterization, including light-dependent photosynthetic pigment accumulation and photoregulation of cellular morphology. PE-linker protein CpeE and a novel protein impact PE accumulation, and thus PBS function, primarily under green light conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Whitaker, Melissa J.; Pattanaik, Bagmi; Montgomery, Beronda L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Montgomery, Beronda L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Montgomery, BL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, 106 Plant Biol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM montg133@msu.edu FU US Department of Energy (Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science) [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0643516] FX We thank Jessica Morales and Cyrus Gharai for technical assistance, Dr. Shailendra Singh for critically reading and commenting on the manuscript, Karen Bird for editorial assistance, and Marlene Cameron for graphical design assistance. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy (Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, Grant No. DE-FG02-91ER20021 to B.L.M.) and a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. MCB-0643516 to B.L.M.). NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 404 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.056 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 710CE UT WOS:000286487700010 PM 21094137 ER PT J AU Noda, T Takahashi, A Kondo, N Mori, E Okamoto, N Nakagawa, Y Ohnishi, K Zdzienicka, MZ Thompson, LH Helleday, T Asada, H Ohnishi, T AF Noda, Taichi Takahashi, Akihisa Kondo, Natsuko Mori, Eiichiro Okamoto, Noritomo Nakagawa, Yosuke Ohnishi, Ken Zdzienicka, Malgorzata Z. Thompson, Larry H. Helleday, Thomas Asada, Hideo Ohnishi, Takeo TI Repair pathways independent of the Fanconi anemia nuclear core complex play a predominant role in mitigating formaldehyde-induced DNA damage SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE FANCD1; Formaldehyde; DNA repair; Cross-link damage ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PROTEIN; BRCA2; FANCD2; MONOUBIQUITINATION; TEMOZOLOMIDE; SENSITIVITY; DEFICIENCY AB The role of the Fanconi anemia (FA) repair pathway for DNA damage induced by formaldehyde was examined in the work described here. The following cell types were used: mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines FANCA(-/-), FANCC(-/-), FANCA(-/-)C(-/-), FANCD2(-/-) and their parental cells, the Chinese hamster cell lines FANCD1 mutant (mt), FANCGmt, their revertant cells, and the corresponding wild-type (wt) cells. Cell survival rates were determined with colony formation assays after formaldehyde treatment. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs)were detected with an immunocytochemical gamma H2AX-staining assay. Although the sensitivity of FANCA(-/-), FANCC(-/-) and FANCA(-/-)C(-/-) cells to formaldehyde was comparable to that of proficient cells, FANCD1mt, FANCGmt and FANCD2-/- cells were more sensitive to formaldehyde than the corresponding proficient cells. It was found that homologous recombination (HR) repair was induced by formaldehyde. In addition, gamma H2AX foci in FANCD1mt cells persisted for longer times than in FANCD1wt cells. These findings suggest that formaldehyde-induced DSBs are repaired by HR through the FA repair pathway which is independent of the FA nuclear core complex. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ohnishi, Takeo] Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Nara 6348521, Japan. [Noda, Taichi; Takahashi, Akihisa; Mori, Eiichiro] Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol, Nara 6348521, Japan. [Noda, Taichi; Asada, Hideo] Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Nara 6348521, Japan. [Kondo, Natsuko] Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Reactor, Particle Radiat Oncol Res Ctr, Kumatori, Osaka 5900494, Japan. [Okamoto, Noritomo] Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Nara 6348521, Japan. [Nakagawa, Yosuke] Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Nara 6348521, Japan. [Ohnishi, Ken] Ibaraki Prefectual Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biol, Ami, Ibaraki 3000394, Japan. [Zdzienicka, Malgorzata Z.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ Torun, Coll Med Bydgoszcz, Dept Mol Cell Genetics, PL-85094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Thompson, Larry H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Helleday, Thomas] Univ Oxford, Gray Inst Radiat Oncol & Biol, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England. [Helleday, Thomas] Stockholm Univ, Dept Genet Microbiol & Toxicol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Ohnishi, T (reprint author), Nara Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 840 Shijo Cho, Nara 6348521, Japan. EM tohnishi@naramed-u.ac.jp RI Helleday, Thomas/D-5224-2013; OI Helleday, Thomas/0000-0002-7384-092X FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Research on Indoor Environmental Medicine of Nara Medical University FX This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, and Grants-in-Aid for Research on Indoor Environmental Medicine of Nara Medical University. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 404 IS 1 BP 206 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.094 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 710CE UT WOS:000286487700037 PM 21111709 ER PT J AU Zhang, YF Buchko, GW Qin, L Robinson, H Varnum, SM AF Zhang, Yanfeng Buchko, Garry W. Qin, Ling Robinson, Howard Varnum, Susan M. TI Crystal structure of the receptor binding domain of the botulinum C-D mosaic neurotoxin reveals potential roles of lysines 1118 and 1136 in membrane interactions SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Botulinum neurotoxin; C-D mosaic; Botulism; Phosphatidylethanolamine; Membrane recognition ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; HEAVY-CHAIN; SEROTYPE D; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSLOCATION; GANGLIOSIDE; TETANUS; TOXINS AB The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by different strains of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum are responsible for the disease botulism and include a group of immunologically distinct serotypes (A, B, E, and F) that are considered to be the most lethal natural proteins known for humans. Two BoNT serotypes, C and D, while rarely associated with human infection, are responsible for deadly botulism outbreaks afflicting animals. Also associated with animal infections is the BoNT C-D mosaic protein (BoNT/CD), a BoNT subtype that is essentially a hybrid of the BoNT/C (similar to two-third) and BoNT/D (similar to one-third) serotypes. While the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain receptor binding (HCR) domain of BoNT/CD (BoNT/CD-HCR) is very similar to the corresponding amino acid sequence of BoNT/D, BoNT/CD-HCR binds synaptosome membranes better than BoNT/D-HCR. To obtain structural insights for the different membrane binding properties, the crystal structure of BoNT/CD-HCR (S867-E1280) was determined at 1.56 angstrom resolution and compared to previously reported structures for BoNT/D-HCR. Overall, the BoNT/CD-HCR structure is similar to the two sub-domain organization observed for other BoNT HCRs: an N-terminal jellyroll barrel motif and a C-terminal beta-trefoil fold. Comparison of the structure of BoNT/CD-HCR with BoNT/D-HCR indicates that K1118 has a similar structural role as the equivalent residue. E1114, in BoNT/D-HCR, while K1136 has a structurally different role than the equivalent residue, G1132, in BoNT/D-HCR. Lysine-1118 forms a salt bridge with E1247 and may enhance membrane interactions by stabilizing the putative membrane binding loop (K1240-N1248). Lysine-1136 is observed on the surface of the protein. A sulfate ion bound to K1136 may mimic a natural interaction with the negatively changed phospholipid membrane surface. Liposome-binding experiments demonstrate that BoNT/CD-HCR binds phosphatidylethanolamine liposomes more tightly than BoNT/D-HCR. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yanfeng; Buchko, Garry W.; Varnum, Susan M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Buchko, Garry W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle Struct Genom Ctr Infect Dis, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Qin, Ling] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Varnum, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM susan.varnum@pnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [U01AI081895, HHSN272200700057C]; US Department of Energy (DOE)'s Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US DOE [AC06-76RLO 1830]; OBER; Basic Energy Sciences of the US DOE; National Center for Research Resources of the NIH FX This research was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) through award number U01AI081895 and Federal Contract No. HHSN272200700057C. The structure of BoNT/CD-HCR was a community request made to the Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSG-CID) and was given the internal identification code ClboA.17807.a. Portions of the research was performed at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by US Department of Energy (DOE)'s Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) program located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the US DOE under contract (AC06-76RLO 1830). Data for this study were collected on beamline X29A at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) located at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Financial support for NSLS comes principally from OBER and the Basic Energy Sciences of the US DOE, and from the National Center for Research Resources of the NIH. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 404 IS 1 BP 407 EP 412 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.134 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 710CE UT WOS:000286487700072 PM 21130733 ER PT J AU Kamada, R Nomura, T Anderson, CW Sakaguchi, K AF Kamada, Rui Nomura, Takao Anderson, Carl W. Sakaguchi, Kazuyasu TI Cancer-associated p53 Tetramerization Domain Mutants QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS REVEALS A LOW THRESHOLD FOR TUMOR SUPPRESSOR INACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DNA-BINDING DOMAIN; OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN; MISSENSE MUTATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NUCLEAR EXPORT; LI-FRAUMENI; C-TERMINUS; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; STABILITY AB The tumor suppressor p53, a 393-amino acid transcription factor, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. Its inactivation via the mutation of its gene is a key step in tumor progression, and tetramer formation is critical for p53 post-translational modification and its ability to activate or repress the transcription of target genes vital in inhibiting tumor growth. About 50% of human tumors have TP53 gene mutations; most are missense ones that presumably lower the tumor suppressor activity of p53. In this study, we explored the effects of known tumor-derived missense mutations on the stability and oligomeric structure of p53; our comprehensive, quantitative analyses encompassed the tetramerization domain peptides representing 49 such substitutions in humans. Their effects on tetrameric structure were broad, and the stability of the mutant peptides varied widely (Delta T(m) = 4.8 similar to -46.8 degrees C). Because formation of a tetrameric structure is critical for protein-protein interactions, DNA binding, and the post-translational modification of p53, a small destabilization of the tetrameric structure could result in dysfunction of tumor suppressor activity. We suggest that the threshold for loss of tumor suppressor activity in terms of the disruption of the tetrameric structure of p53 could be extremely low. However, other properties of the tetramerization domain, such as electrostatic surface potential and its ability to bind partner proteins, also may be important. C1 [Kamada, Rui; Nomura, Takao; Sakaguchi, Kazuyasu] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Biol Chem Lab, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. [Anderson, Carl W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sakaguchi, K (reprint author), North 10,West 8,Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. EM kazuyasu@sci.hokudai.ac.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and Scientific Research [16041202]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21310133, 18310140, 20004981, 19001703]; Brookhaven National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported in part by Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas 16041202 from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and Scientific Research (B) 21310133 and 18310140 from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (to K. S.), "Molecular and System Life Science" Promotion of Novel Interdisciplinary Fields Based on Nanotechnology and Materials from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (to K. S.), Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists 20004981 (to R. K.) and 19001703 (to T. N.) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and Program Development funds from the Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy (to C. W. A.). NR 55 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 1 BP 252 EP 258 DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.174698 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 700YZ UT WOS:000285782800028 PM 20978130 ER PT J AU Poutsma, ML AF Poutsma, Marvin L. TI The Radical Stabilization Energy of a Substituted Carbon-Centered Free Radical Depends on Both the Functionality of the Substituent and the Ordinality of the Radical SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; METHYL RADICALS; CHEMICAL-BOND; AB-INITIO; T-BU; I-PR; STABILITY; ENTHALPIES; ELECTRONEGATIVITY; HYPERCONJUGATION AB Chemical intuition suggests that the stabilization of a carbon-centered free radical by a substituent X would be the greatest for a prim and least for a more stable tert radical because of "saturation". However, analysis of a comprehensive recent set of bond dissociation energies computed by Coote and co-workers (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2010, 12, 9597) and transformed into radical stabilization energies (RSE) suggests that this supposition is often violated. The RSE for a given X depends not only on the nature of X but also on the ordinality (i.e., prim, sec, or tert) of the radical onto which it is substituted. For substituents that stabilize by electron delocalization but also contain electron-withdrawing centers, such as the carbonyl function, the stabilization of XCMe(2)(center dot) compared with HCMe(2)(center dot) is greater than that for XCH(2)(center dot) compared with HCH(2)(center dot). However, for substituents that stabilize by lone-pair electron donation, such as N or O centers, the order is strongly reversed. This contrast can be qualitatively rationalized by considering charge-separated VB contributors to the radical structure (R2C(+)-X-(center dot) and R(2)C(-)-X(+center dot)) and the contrasting effects of methyl substituents on them. This conclusion is not dependent on the particular definition used for RSE. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Poutsma, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM poutsmaml@ornl.gov FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 76 IS 1 BP 270 EP 276 DI 10.1021/jo102097n PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 700AH UT WOS:000285704000030 PM 21141915 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZY Li, MJ Wu, ZL Li, WZ AF Zhang, Zhiyong Li, Meijun Wu, Zili Li, Wenzhen TI Ultra-thin PtFe-nanowires as durable electrocatalysts for fuel cells SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-REDUCTION; CATHODE CATALYST; CARBON NANOTUBES; ALLOY CATALYSTS; DURABILITY; CO; PLATINUM; SUPPORT; FE; NI AB Ultra-thin PtxFey-nanowires (PtxFey-NWs) with a diameter of 2-3 nm were successfully prepared through a solution-phase reduction method at Pt-Fe compositions from 1: 1 to 2:1. The carbon supported PtxFey-NWs (PtxFey-NWs/C) demonstrated higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and better electrochemical durability than conventional Pt/C catalyst. After 1000 cycles of 0-1.3 V (versus RHE), the relative electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of Pt2Fe1-NW/C dropped down to 46%, which was two times better than Pt/C catalyst, and the mass activity at 0.85 V (versus RHE) for Pt1Fe1-NW/C was 39.9 mAmg(-1)-(Pt), which is twice that for Pt/C (18.6 mA mg(-1)-(Pt)). C1 [Zhang, Zhiyong; Li, Wenzhen] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Li, Meijun; Wu, Zili] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Li, Meijun; Wu, Zili] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, ZY (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM wzli@mtu.edu RI Wu, Zili/F-5905-2012; Zhang, Zhiyong/H-5611-2012 OI Wu, Zili/0000-0002-4468-3240; Zhang, Zhiyong/0000-0001-7936-9510 FU ACS-PRF-DNI; NSF-CBET [1032547]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy at Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This work is supported by ACS-PRF-DNI and NSF-CBET 1032547. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy. The research was supported in part by the appointment for M J Li to the ORNL Research Associates Program, administered jointly by ORNL and the Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 7 U2 28 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 AR 015602 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/22/1/015602 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 690KX UT WOS:000285004800014 PM 21135465 ER PT J AU Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hansel, S Hartl, C Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kasieczka, G Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Benucci, L Ceard, L Cerny, K De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Adler, V Beauceron, S Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Devroede, O Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, J Maes, M Tavernier, S Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Costantini, S Grunewald, M Klein, B Marinov, A Ryckbosch, D Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Caudron, J De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C Demin, P Favart, D Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Ovyn, S Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Quertenmont, L Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Damiao, DD Pol, ME Souza, MHG Carvalho, W Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Sznajder, A De Araujo, FTD Dias, FA Dias, MAF Perez, TTRF Gregores, EM Marinho, F Novaes, SF Padula, SS Darmenov, N Dimitrov, L Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vankov, I Dyulendarova, M Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Marinova, E Mateev, M Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xu, M Yang, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Ban, Y Guo, S Li, W Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Zhu, B Cabrera, A Moreno, BG Rios, AAO Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Lelas, K Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Morovic, S Attikis, A Fereos, R Galanti, M Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Rykaczewski, H Assran, Y Mahmoud, MA Hektor, A Kadastik, M Kannike, K Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Azzolini, V Eerola, P Czellar, S Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Klem, J Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Sillou, D Besancon, M Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Gentit, FX Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Marionneau, M Millischer, L Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Verrecchia, P Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Dobrzynski, L de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Ochando, C Paganini, P Porteboeuf, S Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Thiebaux, C Wyslouch, B Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Besson, A Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Greder, S Juillot, P Karim, M Le Bihan, AC Mikami, Y Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Baty, C Beaupere, N Bedjidian, M Bondu, O Boudoul, G Boumediene, D Brun, H Chanon, N Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Falkiewicz, A Fay, J Gascon, S Ille, B Kurca, T Le Grand, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sordini, V Tosi, S Tschudi, Y 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Swanson, J. Weinberg, M. CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for Stopped Gluinos in pp Collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRON COLLIDERS; PARTICLES; SUPERSYMMETRY; SQUARK AB The results of the first search for long-lived gluinos produced in 7 TeV pp collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are presented. The search looks for evidence of long-lived particles that stop in the CMS detector and decay in the quiescent periods between beam crossings. In a dataset with a peak instantaneous luminosity of 1 x 10(32) cm(-2) s(-1), an integrated luminosity of 10 pb(-1), and a search interval corresponding to 62 hours of LHC operation, no significant excess above background was observed. Limits at the 95% confidence level on gluino pair production over 13 orders of magnitude of gluino lifetime are set. For a mass difference m((g) over tilde) - m((chi) over tilde1)(0) >100 GeV/c(2), and assuming BR((g) over tilde -> g<(chi over bar>(0)(1)) = 100%, m((g) over tilde) < 370 GeV/c(2) are excluded for lifetimes from 10 mu s to 1000 s. C1 [Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Haensel, S.; Hartl, C.; Hoch, M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kasieczka, G.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Teischinger, F.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Benucci, L.; Ceard, L.; Cerny, K.; De Wolf, E. 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[Zabi, A.; Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Marone, M.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Marone, M.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Ambroglini, F.; Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Ambroglini, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Son, D.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, Zero; Kim, J. Y.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Rhee, H. B.; Seo, E.; Shin, S.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Martisiute, D.; Petrov, P.; Sabonis, T.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla Valdez, H.; De La Cruz Burelo, E.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Sanchez Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Allfrey, P.; Krofcheck, D.; Tam, J.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Ahmed, I.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Martins, P.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Silva, P.; Varela, J.; Woehri, H. K.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.; Golutvin, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Bondar, N.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Kaftanov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Slabospitsky, S.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cepeda, M.; Cerrada, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Diez Pardos, C.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Gonzalez Suarez, R.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Ruiz Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Darmenov, N.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Kreuzer, P.; Panagiotou, A.; Hajdu, C.; Mohanty, A. K.; Lusito, L.; Chiorboli, M.; Tropiano, A.; De Guio, F.; Ghezzi, A.; Perrozzi, L.; Lucaroni, A.; Volpe, R.; Boccali, T.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Botta, C.; Graziano, A.; Pelliccioni, M.; Pereira, A. Vilela; Varela, J.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bell, A. J.; Benedetti, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bolognesi, S.; Breuker, H.; Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cano, E.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Covarelli, R.; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; Dahms, T.; De Roeck, A.; Ramos, F. Duarte; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Gennai, S.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Gouzevitch, M.; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harvey, J.; Hegeman, J.; Hegner, B.; Henderson, C.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Honma, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Karavakis, E.; Lecoq, P.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lourenco, C.; Macpherson, A.; Maki, T.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimia, M.; Polese, G.; Racz, A.; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoeckli, F.; Stoye, M.; Tropea, P.; Tsirou, A.; Tsyganov, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Voutilainen, M.; Zeuner, W. D.; Erhan, S.; Sharma, V.; Hall-Wilton, R.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Starodumov, A.; Caminada, L.; Marchica, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Bortignon, P.; Caminada, L.; Chen, Z.; Cittolin, S.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Herve, A.; Hintz, W.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marchica, C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Meridiani, P.; Milenovic, P.; Moortgat, F.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Punz, T.; Rizzi, A.; Ronga, F. J.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Stieger, B.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, M.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Regenfus, C.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.; Wilke, L.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Chen, W. T.; Dutta, S.; Go, A.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, M. H.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Wu, J. H.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Guler, Y.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Nart, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.; Zorbilmez, C.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Zabi, A.; Adiguzel, A.; Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Demir, D.; Guelmez, E.; Halu, A.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Oezbek, M.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bell, P.; Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Cheng, T. L.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Hansen, M.; Hartley, D.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Huckvale, B.; Jackson, J.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Ward, S.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Camanzi, B.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Ballin, J.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Teodorescu, L.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Clough, A.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bhattacharya, S.; Chou, J. P.; Cutts, D.; Esen, S.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Borgia, M. A.; Breedon, R.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Cebra, D.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Friis, E.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Liu, H.; Maruyama, S.; Miceli, T.; Nikolic, M.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Schwarz, T.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez; Veelken, C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Wallny, R.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Deisher, A.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Kao, S. C.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Pasztor, G.; Satpathy, A.; Shen, B. C.; Stringer, R.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Dusinberre, E.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Mangano, B.; Muelmenstaedt, J.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Gataullin, M.; Kcira, D.; Litvine, V.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Terentyev, N.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Das, S.; Eggert, N.; Fields, L. J.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Kuznetsov, V.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Shi, X.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Banerjee, S.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Borcherding, F.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Demarteau, M.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gunthoti, K.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; James, E.; Jensen, H.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Khatiwada, R.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kousouris, K.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Limon, P.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; McCauley, T.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Popescu, S.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Saoulidou, N.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Soha, A.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Kim, B.; Klimenko, S.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Matchev, K.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Pakhotin, Y.; Prescott, C.; Remington, R.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ceron, C.; Gaultney, V.; Kramer, L.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bandurin, D.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Guragain, S.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Ralich, R.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. 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JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST; MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN; CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK; TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (USA) FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 33 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 011801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.011801 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PM UT WOS:000286749900006 PM 21231732 ER PT J AU Li, HL Liu, FM Ma, GL Wang, XN Zhu, Y AF Li, Hanlin Liu, Fuming Ma, Guo-liang Wang, Xin-Nian Zhu, Yan TI Mach Cone Induced by gamma-Triggered Jets in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLOW; MODEL AB Medium excitation by jet shower propagation inside a quark-gluon plasma is studied within a linear Boltzmann transport and a multiphase transport model. Contrary to the naive expectation, it is the deflection of both the jet shower and the Mach-cone-like excitation in an expanding medium that is found to give rise to a double-peak azimuthal particle distribution with respect to the initial jet direction. Such a deflection is the strongest for hadron-triggered jets which are often produced close to the surface of a dense medium due to trigger bias and travel against or tangential to the radial flow. Without such trigger bias, the effect of deflection on gamma-jet showers and their medium excitation is weaker. Comparative study of hadron and gamma-triggered particle correlations can therefore reveal the dynamics of jet-induced medium excitation in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. C1 [Li, Hanlin; Liu, Fuming; Wang, Xin-Nian; Zhu, Yan] Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Ma, Guo-liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xin-Nian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Nucl Sci Div MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Li, HL (reprint author), Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. RI Ma, Guo-Liang/B-4166-2012; OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 FU NSFC of China [10610285, 10635020, 10705044, 10825523, 10975059]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank T. Hirano for providing the numerical results of hydrodynamic calculations. This work is supported by the NSFC of China under Projects No. 10610285, No. 10635020, 10705044, No. 10825523, No. 10975059 and by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and within the framework of the JET Collaboration. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 012301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.012301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PM UT WOS:000286749900007 PM 21231733 ER PT J AU Putkunz, CT Clark, JN Vine, DJ Williams, GJ Pfeifer, MA Balaur, E McNulty, I Nugent, KA Peele, AG AF Putkunz, Corey T. Clark, Jesse N. Vine, David J. Williams, Garth J. Pfeifer, Mark A. Balaur, Eugeniu McNulty, Ian Nugent, Keith A. Peele, Andrew G. TI Phase-Diverse Coherent Diffractive Imaging: High Sensitivity with Low Dose SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RETRIEVAL; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; TRANSMISSION; TOMOGRAPHY; FIELD AB This Letter demonstrates that coherent diffractive imaging (CDI), in combination with phase-diversity methods, provides reliable and artefact free high-resolution images. Here, using x rays, experimental results show a threefold improvement in the available image contrast. Furthermore, in conditions requiring low imaging dose, it is demonstrated that phase-diverse CDI provides a factor of 2 improvement in comparison to previous CDI techniques. C1 [Putkunz, Corey T.; Clark, Jesse N.; Pfeifer, Mark A.; Balaur, Eugeniu; Peele, Andrew G.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Phys, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. [Vine, David J.; Williams, Garth J.; Nugent, Keith A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [McNulty, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Putkunz, CT (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Dept Phys, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. EM a.peele@latrobe.edu.au RI Williams, Garth/H-1606-2012; Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016; Balaur, Eugeniu/J-5865-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478; Balaur, Eugeniu/0000-0003-4029-2055 FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science; Australian Synchrotron Research Program; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science and the Australian Synchrotron Research Program. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 30 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 013903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.013903 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713PM UT WOS:000286749900010 PM 21231742 ER PT J AU Antonangeli, D Siebert, J Aracne, CM Farber, DL Bosak, A Hoesch, M Krisch, M Ryerson, FJ Fiquet, G Badro, J AF Antonangeli, Daniele Siebert, Julien Aracne, Chantel M. Farber, Daniel L. Bosak, A. Hoesch, M. Krisch, M. Ryerson, Frederick J. Fiquet, Guillaume Badro, James TI Spin Crossover in Ferropericlase at High Pressure: A Seismologically Transparent Transition? SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EARTHS LOWER MANTLE; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; SOUND-VELOCITY; IRON; ELASTICITY; (MG,FE)O; MAGNESIOWUSTITE; ANISOTROPY AB Seismic discontinuities in Earth typically arise from structural, chemical, or temperature variations with increasing depth. The pressure-induced iron spin state transition in the lower mantle may influence seismic wave velocities by changing the elasticity of iron-bearing minerals, but no seismological evidence of an anomaly exists. Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on (Mg0.83Fe0.17)O-ferropericlase at pressures across the spin transition show effects limited to the only shear moduli of the elastic tensor. This explains the absence of deviation in the aggregate seismic velocities and, thus, the lack of a one-dimensional seismic signature of the spin crossover. The spin state transition does, however, influence shear anisotropy of ferropericlase and should contribute to the seismic shear wave anisotropy of the lower mantle. C1 [Antonangeli, Daniele; Siebert, Julien; Fiquet, Guillaume; Badro, James] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Inst Mineral & Phys Milieux Condenses,CNRS,UMR 75, F-75005 Paris, France. [Antonangeli, Daniele; Siebert, Julien; Aracne, Chantel M.; Farber, Daniel L.; Ryerson, Frederick J.; Badro, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Farber, Daniel L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bosak, A.; Hoesch, M.; Krisch, M.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP Antonangeli, D (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Inst Mineral & Phys Milieux Condenses,CNRS,UMR 75, F-75005 Paris, France. EM daniele.antonangeli@impmc.upmc.fr RI Farber, Daniel/F-9237-2011; Fiquet, Guillaume/H-1219-2011; BOSAK, Alexei/J-7895-2013; Siebert, Julien/A-8336-2014; Fiquet, Guillaume/M-6934-2014; Badro, James/A-6003-2011 OI Hoesch, Moritz/0000-0002-0114-2110; Siebert, Julien/0000-0001-9972-6239; FU U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Community [207467]; French National Research Agency [ANR-07-BLAN-0124-01]; ERC [207467] FX We thank F. Occelli, G. Le Marchand, P. Munsch, P. Bouvier, M. Hanfland, M. Mezouar, and A. L. Auzende for experimental help. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences-Geosciences Research Program (F.J.R.). D.A., J.B., and J.S. acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 207467. This work was supported by the French National Research Agency grant no. ANR-07-BLAN-0124-01 and ERC grant agreement no. 207467. NR 33 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 65 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 7 PY 2011 VL 331 IS 6013 BP 64 EP 67 DI 10.1126/science.1198429 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 703JK UT WOS:000285974000035 PM 21212352 ER PT J AU Fort, A Fish, RJ Attanasio, C Dosch, R Visel, A Neerman-Arbez, M AF Fort, Alexandre Fish, Richard J. Attanasio, Catia Dosch, Roland Visel, Axel Neerman-Arbez, Marguerite TI A liver enhancer in the fibrinogen gene cluster SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARTICIPANT METAANALYSIS; CONSERVED NONCODING SEQUENCES; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-BINDING; HUMAN GENOME; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; MULTISPECIES CONSERVATION; ATHEROTHROMBOTIC DISEASE; BIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE; RISK-FACTORS; EXPRESSION AB The plasma concentration of fibrinogen varies in the healthy human population between 1.5 and 3.5 g/L. Understanding the basis of this variability has clinical importance because elevated fibrinogen levels are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. To identify novel regulatory elements involved in the control of fibrinogen expression, we used sequence conservation and in silico-predicted regulatory potential to select 14 conserved noncoding sequences (CNCs) within the conserved block of synteny containing the fibrinogen locus. The regulatory potential of each CNC was tested in vitro using a luciferase reporter gene assay in fibrinogen-expressing hepatoma cell lines (HuH7 and HepG2). 4 potential enhancers were tested for their ability to direct enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in zebrafish embryos. CNC12, a sequence equidistant from the human fibrinogen alpha and beta chain genes, activates strong liver enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in injected embryos and their transgenic progeny. A transgenic assay in embryonic day 14.5 mouse embryos confirmed the ability of CNC12 to activate transcription in the liver. While additional experiments are necessary to prove the role of CNC12 in the regulation of fibrinogen, our study reveals a novel regulatory element in the fibrinogen locus that is active in the liver and may contribute to variable fibrinogen expression in humans. (Blood. 2011;117(1):276-282) C1 [Fort, Alexandre; Fish, Richard J.; Neerman-Arbez, Marguerite] Univ Geneva, Dept Genet Med & Dev, Fac Med, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Attanasio, Catia; Visel, Axel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dosch, Roland] Univ Gottingen, Dept Dev Biochem, Gottingen, Germany. [Visel, Axel] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Neerman-Arbez, Marguerite] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Angiol & Hemostasis, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Neerman-Arbez, M (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Genet Med & Dev, Fac Med, 1 Rue Michel Servet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM marguerite.neerman-arbez@unige.ch RI Visel, Axel/A-9398-2009; attanasio, catia/D-5042-2017 OI Visel, Axel/0000-0002-4130-7784; FU Dr Henri Dubois-Ferriere-Dinu Lipatti foundation; Swiss National Science Foundation [31-A0119845]; National Human Genome Research Institute [HG003988]; Department of Energy, University of California, Energy Office Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; European Molecular Biology Organization FX This work was supported by grants from the Dr Henri Dubois-Ferriere-Dinu Lipatti foundation and the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number 31-A0119845). A.V. and C.A. were supported by grant HG003988 funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute and Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, University of California, Energy Office Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. C.A. is also supported by an European Molecular Biology Organization long-term fellowship. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 1 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1182/blood-2010-07-295410 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 703FO UT WOS:000285963900039 PM 20921339 ER PT J AU Gauthier, JH Pohl, PI AF Gauthier, John H. Pohl, Phillip I. TI A general framework for modeling growth and division of mammalian cells SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEASOME-DEPENDENT DEGRADATION; HUMAN CDC25B PHOSPHATASE; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; CYCLE CONTROL; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; DNA-REPLICATION; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; BUDDING YEAST; LARGE SUBUNIT; P-SYSTEMS AB Background: Modeling the cell-division cycle has been practiced for many years. As time has progressed, this work has gone from understanding the basic principles to addressing distinct biological problems, e. g., the nature of the restriction point, how checkpoints operate, the nonlinear dynamics of the cell cycle, the effect of localization, etc. Most models consist of coupled ordinary differential equations developed by the researchers, restricted to deal with the interactions of a limited number of molecules. In the future, cell-cycle modeling-and indeed all modeling of complex biologic processes-will increase in scope and detail. Results: A framework for modeling complex cell-biologic processes is proposed here. The framework is based on two constructs: one describing the entire lifecycle of a molecule and the second describing the basic cellular machinery. Use of these constructs allows complex models to be built in a straightforward manner that fosters rigor and completeness. To demonstrate the framework, an example model of the mammalian cell cycle is presented that consists of several hundred differential equations of simple mass action kinetics. The model calculates energy usage, amino acid and nucleotide usage, membrane transport, RNA synthesis and destruction, and protein synthesis and destruction for 33 proteins to give an in-depth look at the cell cycle. Conclusions: The framework presented here addresses how to develop increasingly descriptive models of complex cell-biologic processes. The example model of cellular growth and division constructed with the framework demonstrates that large structured models can be created with the framework, and these models can generate non-trivial descriptions of cellular processes. Predictions from the example model include those at both the molecular level-e. g., Wee1 spontaneously reactivates-and at the system level-e. g., pathways for timing-critical processes must shut down redundant pathways. A future effort is to automatically estimate parameter values that are insensitive to changes. C1 [Gauthier, John H.; Pohl, Phillip I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gauthier, JH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jhgauth@sandia.gov FU Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We would like to thank the reviewers for their ideas and suggestions. Sandia National Laboratories funded manuscript preparation. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 5 AR 3 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-5-3 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 710OQ UT WOS:000286521500001 PM 21211052 ER PT J AU de Boer, G Morrison, H Shupe, MD Hildner, R AF de Boer, G. Morrison, H. Shupe, M. D. Hildner, R. TI Evidence of liquid dependent ice nucleation in high-latitude stratiform clouds from surface remote sensors SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BULK PARAMETERIZATION; ARCTIC-OCEAN; MODEL; ATMOSPHERE; PARTICLES; NUCLEI AB Ground-based lidar, radar and microwave radiometer observations at Eureka, Canada, Barrow, Alaska and over the western Arctic Ocean measure physical characteristics and morphology of stratiform clouds. Despite transition of a cold atmosphere (-15 C) through ice supersaturated conditions, ice is not observed until soon after a liquid layer. Several cases illustrating this phenomenon are presented in addition to long-term observations from three measurement sites characterizing cloud phase frequency. This analysis demonstrates that clouds composed entirely of ice occur less frequently than liquid-topped mixed-phase clouds at temperatures warmer than -25 to -30 C. These results indicate ice formation generally occurs in conjunction with liquid at these temperatures, and suggest the importance of liquid-dependent ice nucleation mechanisms. Citation: de Boer, G., H. Morrison, M. D. Shupe, and R. Hildner (2011), Evidence of liquid dependent ice nucleation in high-latitude stratiform clouds from surface remote sensors, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L01803, doi:10.1029/2010GL046016. C1 [de Boer, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hildner, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53562 USA. [Morrison, H.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Shupe, M. D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, PSD, ESRL,NOAA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP de Boer, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, MS90KR107,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gdeboer@lbl.gov RI de Boer, Gijs/F-3949-2011; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011 OI de Boer, Gijs/0000-0003-4652-7150; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA: NNX07AQ81G]; US DOE [U.S. DOE: ER64187-1027586-0011923, DE-FG02-05ER63965]; National Science Foundation; University of California under U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors acknowledge E. Eloranta, J. Hedrick, J. Garcia and I. Razenkov for AHSRL data and R. Moritz for advice on SHEBA sonde measurements, as well as DOE, NOAA and SEARCH teams for MMCR data. Information from Eureka weather station personnel was helpful in dataset compilation. Data were also made available by the US DOE ARM program, and the SHEBA team. Finally, we acknowledge funding from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA: NNX07AQ81G) and US DOE (U.S. DOE: ER64187-1027586-0011923 and DE-FG02-05ER63965). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. LBNL is managed by the University of California under U.S. DOE grant DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 38 AR L01803 DI 10.1029/2010GL046016 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 704OB UT WOS:000286061200004 ER PT J AU Wang, SZ Wang, LW AF Wang, Shuzhi Wang, Lin-Wang TI Exciton Dissociation in CdSe/CdTe Heterostructure Nanorods SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; BAND OFFSETS; NANOCRYSTALS; SEMICONDUCTORS; CDSE; CONVERSION; GROWTH; CDTE AB Type-II heterostructure nanorods hold good prospects for efficient charge separation in nano solar cells. Here we employed local density approximation (LDA) quality plane wave pseudopotential methods to study exciton dissociation in CdSe/CdTe collinear nanorods. We corrected the LDA band gap by approximating GW equations, and studied the correlation effect with configuration interaction Methods, The calculated binding energy and radiative decay time of the charge transfer excitons agree well with experiments. The thermally activated escaping time is estimated to be shorter than the radiative recombination time, indicating the possibility of exciton dissociation, if the nonradiative channel is ignored. C1 [Wang, Shuzhi; Wang, Lin-Wang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, SZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50 F, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM swang2@lbl.gov RI Wang, Shuzhi/A-1799-2009 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was performed in the Helios Solar Energy Research Center which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research used the computational resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) and the National Center for Computational Sciences (NCCS), with the computational time allocated by the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) project, of DOE. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1021/jz101423s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 704CC UT WOS:000286027700001 PM 26295205 ER PT J AU Wender, P Cummins, CC Poliakoff, M Kiessling, L Meijer, EW Alivisatos, P Wooley, K King, D Aizenberg, J Fleming, G AF Wender, Paul Cummins, Christopher C. Poliakoff, Martyn Kiessling, Laura Meijer, E. W. 'Bert' Alivisatos, Paul Wooley, Karen King, David Aizenberg, Joanna Fleming, Graham TI What lies ahead SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wender, Paul] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cummins, Christopher C.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Poliakoff, Martyn] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Kiessling, Laura] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Meijer, E. W. 'Bert'] Eindhoven Univ Technol, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Alivisatos, Paul] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Wooley, Karen] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [King, David] Smith Sch Enterprise & Environm, Oxford, England. [Aizenberg, Joanna] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fleming, Graham] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wender, P (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Meijer, E.W./K-7632-2013; Wooley, Karen/D-4399-2015 OI Meijer, E.W./0000-0003-4126-7492; Wooley, Karen/0000-0003-4086-384X NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 77 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 469 IS 7328 BP 23 EP 25 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702UO UT WOS:000285921600011 ER PT J AU Nigmanov, TS Rajaram, D Longo, MJ Akgun, U Aydin, G Baker, W Barnes, PD Bergfeld, T Bujak, A Carey, D Dukes, EC Duru, F Feldman, GJ Godley, A Gulmez, E Gunaydin, YO Graf, N Gustafson, HR Gutay, L Hartouni, E Hanlet, P Heffner, M Johnstone, C Kaplan, DM Kamaev, O Klay, J Kostin, M Lange, D Lebedev, A Lu, LC Materniak, C Messier, MD Meyer, H Miller, DE Mishra, SR Nelson, KS Norman, A Onel, Y Paley, JM Park, HK Penzo, A Peterson, RJ Raja, R Rosenfeld, C Rubin, HA Seun, S Solomey, N Soltz, R Swallow, E Torun, Y Wilson, K Wright, D Wu, K AF Nigmanov, T. S. Rajaram, D. Longo, M. J. Akgun, U. Aydin, G. Baker, W. Barnes, P. D., Jr. Bergfeld, T. Bujak, A. Carey, D. Dukes, E. C. Duru, F. Feldman, G. J. Godley, A. Gulmez, E. Gunaydin, Y. O. Graf, N. Gustafson, H. R. Gutay, L. Hartouni, E. Hanlet, P. Heffner, M. Johnstone, C. Kaplan, D. M. Kamaev, O. Klay, J. Kostin, M. Lange, D. Lebedev, A. Lu, L. C. Materniak, C. Messier, M. D. Meyer, H. Miller, D. E. Mishra, S. R. Nelson, K. S. Norman, A. Onel, Y. Paley, J. M. Park, H. K. Penzo, A. Peterson, R. J. Raja, R. Rosenfeld, C. Rubin, H. A. Seun, S. Solomey, N. Soltz, R. Swallow, E. Torun, Y. Wilson, K. Wright, D. Wu, K. CA MIPP Collaboration TI Forward neutron production at the Fermilab Main Injector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA; MIPP; ISR AB We have measured cross sections for forward neutron production from a variety of targets using proton beams from the Fermilab Main Injector. Measurements were performed for proton beam momenta of 58, 84, and 120 GeV/c. The cross section dependence on the atomic weight (A) of the targets was found to vary as A(alpha), where alpha is 0.46 +/- 0.06 for a beam momentum of 58 GeV/c and 0.54 +/- 0.05 for 120 GeV/c. The cross sections show reasonable agreement with FLUKA and DPMJET Monte Carlos. Comparisons have also been made with the LAQGSM Monte Carlo. C1 [Nigmanov, T. S.; Rajaram, D.; Longo, M. J.; Gustafson, H. R.; Park, H. K.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Swallow, E.] Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. [Baker, W.; Carey, D.; Johnstone, C.; Kostin, M.; Norman, A.; Raja, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Feldman, G. J.; Lebedev, A.; Seun, S.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hanlet, P.; Kaplan, D. M.; Kamaev, O.; Rubin, H. A.; Torun, Y.] Illinois Inst Technol, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Graf, N.; Messier, M. D.; Paley, J. M.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47403 USA. [Barnes, P. D., Jr.; Hartouni, E.; Heffner, M.; Klay, J.; Lange, D.; Soltz, R.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bujak, A.; Gutay, L.; Miller, D. E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Peterson, R. J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Akgun, U.; Aydin, G.; Duru, F.; Gulmez, E.; Gunaydin, Y. O.; Onel, Y.; Penzo, A.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Bergfeld, T.; Godley, A.; Mishra, S. R.; Rosenfeld, C.; Wilson, K.; Wu, K.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Dukes, E. C.; Lu, L. C.; Materniak, C.; Nelson, K. S.; Norman, A.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Meyer, H.; Solomey, N.] Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP Longo, MJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mlongo@umich.edu RI Gunaydin, Yusuf/F-7300-2014; Lu, Lanchun/E-3551-2011; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; OI Gunaydin, Yusuf/0000-0002-0514-6936; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-8572-956X; Longo, Michael/0000-0002-5762-8670; Torun, Yagmur/0000-0003-2336-6585; Hartouni, Edward/0000-0001-9869-4351 FU National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-FG52-2006NA26182]; U.S. Department of Energy FX The efforts of the Fermilab staff are gratefully acknowledged. We are grateful to N.V. Mokhov, S. I. Striganov, and K. K. Gudima for providing the LAQGSM simulations. This research was sponsored by the National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances program through DOE Research Grant No. DE-FG52-2006NA26182 and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 6 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 012002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.012002 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713TK UT WOS:000286760100006 ER PT J AU Hunter, MS DePonte, DP Shapiro, DA Kirian, RA Wang, X Starodub, D Marchesini, S Weierstall, U Doak, RB Spence, JCH Fromme, P AF Hunter, M. S. DePonte, D. P. Shapiro, D. A. Kirian, R. A. Wang, X. Starodub, D. Marchesini, S. Weierstall, U. Doak, R. B. Spence, J. C. H. Fromme, P. TI X-ray Diffraction from Membrane Protein Nanocrystals SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME B(6)F COMPLEX; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COUPLED RECEPTOR; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; RADIATION-DAMAGE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALLIZATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Membrane proteins constitute >30% of the proteins in an average cell, and yet the number of currently known structures of unique membrane proteins is <300. To develop new concepts for membrane protein structure determination, we have explored the serial nanocrystallography method, in which fully hydrated protein nanocrystals are delivered to an x-ray beam within a liquid jet at room temperature. As a model system, we have collected x-ray powder diffraction data from the integral membrane protein Photosystem I, which consists of 36 subunits and 381 cofactors. Data were collected from crystals ranging in size from 100 nm to 2 mu m. The results demonstrate that there are membrane protein crystals that contain <100 unit cells (200 total molecules) and that 3D crystals of membrane proteins, which contain <200 molecules, may be suitable for structural investigation. Serial nanocrystallography overcomes the problem of x-ray damage, which is currently one of the major limitations for x-ray structure determination of small crystals. By combining serial nanocrystallography with x-ray free-electron laser sources in the future, it may be possible to produce molecular-resolution electron-density maps using membrane protein crystals that contain only a few hundred or thousand unit cells. C1 [Hunter, M. S.; Fromme, P.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [DePonte, D. P.; Kirian, R. A.; Wang, X.; Starodub, D.; Weierstall, U.; Doak, R. B.; Spence, J. C. H.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [DePonte, D. P.] Univ Hamburg, CFEL, Hamburg, Germany. [Shapiro, D. A.; Marchesini, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shapiro, D. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Starodub, D.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, PULSE Inst, Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Fromme, P (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM pfromme@asu.edu RI Marchesini, Stefano/A-6795-2009; Kirian, Richard/M-3750-2013; OI Kirian, Richard/0000-0001-7197-3086 FU National Science Foundation [0555845, 0417142]; Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (University of California at Davis); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Institutes of Health [1R01GM095583-01]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001016, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by a National Science Foundation award IDBR 0555845, the Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (University of California at Davis), the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Seaborg Fellowship award, the National Science Foundation award 0417142, and the National Institutes of Health award 1R01GM095583-01. P.F. (part of summer salary) was supported as part of the Center for Bio-Inspired Solar Fuel Production, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award mumber DE-SC0001016. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors have no competing financial interests. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 31 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 100 IS 1 BP 198 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.10.049 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 705KF UT WOS:000286126600023 PM 21190672 ER PT J AU Meehan, TF Masci, AM Abdulla, A Cowell, LG Blake, JA Mungall, CJ Diehl, AD AF Meehan, Terrence F. Masci, Anna Maria Abdulla, Amina Cowell, Lindsay G. Blake, Judith A. Mungall, Christopher J. Diehl, Alexander D. TI Logical Development of the Cell Ontology SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS; NKT CELLS; INTEGRATION; SYNAPSE; SYSTEM AB Background: The Cell Ontology (CL) is an ontology for the representation of in vivo cell types. As biological ontologies such as the CL grow in complexity, they become increasingly difficult to use and maintain. By making the information in the ontology computable, we can use automated reasoners to detect errors and assist with classification. Here we report on the generation of computable definitions for the hematopoietic cell types in the CL. Results: Computable definitions for over 340 CL classes have been created using a genus-differentia approach. These define cell types according to multiple axes of classification such as the protein complexes found on the surface of a cell type, the biological processes participated in by a cell type, or the phenotypic characteristics associated with a cell type. We employed automated reasoners to verify the ontology and to reveal mistakes in manual curation. The implementation of this process exposed areas in the ontology where new cell type classes were needed to accommodate species-specific expression of cellular markers. Our use of reasoners also inferred new relationships within the CL, and between the CL and the contributing ontologies. This restructured ontology can be used to identify immune cells by flow cytometry, supports sophisticated biological queries involving cells, and helps generate new hypotheses about cell function based on similarities to other cell types. Conclusion: Use of computable definitions enhances the development of the CL and supports the interoperability of OBO ontologies. C1 [Meehan, Terrence F.; Blake, Judith A.; Diehl, Alexander D.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Masci, Anna Maria; Cowell, Lindsay G.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. [Abdulla, Amina; Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Diehl, Alexander D.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Neurol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Meehan, TF (reprint author), Jackson Lab, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. EM tmeehan@informatics.jax.org; addiehl@buffalo.edu RI Diehl, Alexander/G-9883-2016; OI Diehl, Alexander/0000-0001-9990-8331; Mungall, Christopher/0000-0002-6601-2165; Masci, Anna Maria/0000-0003-1940-6740; Meehan, Terrence/0000-0003-1980-3228; Blake, Judith/0000-0001-8522-334X FU NHGRI [HG002273-09Z, HG002273]; NIAID [R01 (AI077706)]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX TFM, CJM, AA, and ADD contributions were supported by an NHGRI-funded, ARRA administrative supplement grant HG002273-09Z to the parent grant, HG002273, to the Gene Ontology Consortium; Judith A. Blake, Michael Ashburner, Suzanna Lewis, J. Michael Cherry, PIs. LGC's contributions were supported by an NIAID-funded R01 (AI077706) and a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs-Wellcome Fund. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 31 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 6 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-12-6 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 709DO UT WOS:000286417700001 PM 21208450 ER PT J AU Juarez-Arellano, EA Winkler, B Vogel, SC Senyshyn, A Kammler, DR Avalos-Borja, M AF Juarez-Arellano, Erick A. Winkler, Bjorn Vogel, Sven C. Senyshyn, Anatoliy Kammler, Daniel R. Avalos-Borja, Miguel TI In situ observation of the reaction of scandium and carbon by neutron diffraction SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Scandium carbide; Neutron diffraction ID ELEMENTS AB The formation of scandium carbides by reaction of the elements has been investigated by in situ neutron diffraction up to 1823K. On heating, the recrystallization of alpha-Sc occurs between 1000 and 1223 K. The formation of Sc2C and ScC (NaCI-B1) type structure) phases has been detected at 1323 and 1373 K, respectively. The formation of a new orthorhombic scandium carbide phase was observed at 1473(50) K. Once the scandium carbides are formed they are stable upon heating or cooling. No other phases were detected in the present study, in which the system was always carbon saturated. The thermal expansion coefficients of all phases have been determined, they are constant throughout the temperature interval studied. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Juarez-Arellano, Erick A.; Winkler, Bjorn] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Juarez-Arellano, Erick A.] Univ Papaloapan, Parque Ind 68301, Tuxtepec, Mexico. [Vogel, Sven C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Senyshyn, Anatoliy] Tech Univ Munich, Forsch Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz FRM I, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Senyshyn, Anatoliy] Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. [Kammler, Daniel R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Avalos-Borja, Miguel] UNAM, CNyN, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. RP Juarez-Arellano, EA (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, Altenhoferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM eajuarez@unpa.edu.mx RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Senyshyn, Anatoliy/C-8267-2014; OI Senyshyn, Anatoliy/0000-0002-1473-8992; Juarez-Arellano, Erick/0000-0003-4844-8317; Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Wi-1232, DFG-SPP 1236]; DGAPA-UNAM [IN-108908]; CONACyT-DAAD PROALMEX grant; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; United States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Department of Energys Office of Basic-Energy Science FX This research was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Project Wi-1232), in the framework of the DFG-SPP 1236. This research was partially supported by DGAPA-UNAM grant IN-108908 and CONACyT-DAAD PROALMEX grant. LANL is operated by the Los Alamos National Security LLC under the DOE Contract of DE-AC52-06NA25396. The Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center is funded by the Department of Energys Office of Basic-Energy Science. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 509 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.08.081 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 682GS UT WOS:000284390000002 ER PT J AU Lu, GP Liu, HH Salve, R AF Lu, Guoping Liu, Hui-Hai Salve, Rohit TI Long term infiltration and tracer transport in fractured rocks: Field observations and model analyses SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Unsaturated flow; Tracer transport; Fractured rock; Infiltration; Seepage; Matrix diffusion ID EFFECTIVE MATRIX DIFFUSION; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; SCALE DEPENDENCE; CRYSTALLINE ROCK; POROUS-MEDIA; WATER-FLOW; COEFFICIENT; TESTS; NEVADA AB This paper presents modeling analyses of long term infiltration and tracer tests in fractured tuffs at Yucca Mountain, NV, USA. The experiments were conducted on a 20 m thick tuff section in a flyover formed by two exploratory tunnels. The infiltration test last for 870 days. Both measured infiltration and seepage show significant temporal and spatial variations. The tracer test used inorganic tracers (I-, Br-, F-) and organic tracers (fluorobenzoic acids) released 559 days after the infiltration test started. Leaching from dry salts from fracture walls was found to have affected tracer breakthroughs. The unsaturated flow was evaluated by optimizing 45 parameter values in a three-dimensional model, which accounts for fracture-matrix interaction and heterogeneous hydraulic properties in a column-based scheme. The field data are valuable asset to evaluate the modeling approaches for fractured rocks and the relative importance of the matrix diffusion process. Results show that matrix diffusion is an important process for transport, and that effective matrix-diffusion coefficients at the field-scale are larger than those at the laboratory-scale for the solutes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lu, Guoping; Liu, Hui-Hai; Salve, Rohit] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lu, Guoping] Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm Pro, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Lu, GP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GuopingLu@yahoo.com; HHliu@lbl.gov; R_Salve@lbl.gov FU Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors are grateful to internal review by Guoxiang Zhang and editorial work by Daniel Hawkes for this paper. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 396 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.10.030 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 710TR UT WOS:000286540400004 ER PT J AU Abbasi, R Abdou, Y Abu-Zayyad, T Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Andeen, K Auffenberg, J Bai, X Baker, M Barwick, SW Bay, R Alba, JLB Beattie, K Beatty, JJ Bechet, S Becker, JK Becker, KH Benabderrahmane, ML BenZvi, S Berdermann, J Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohm, C Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Braun, J Buitink, S Carson, M Chirkin, D Christy, B Clem, J Clevermann, F Cohen, S Colnard, C Cowen, DF D'Agostino, MV Danninger, M Davis, JC De Clercq, C Demirors, L Depaepe, O Descamps, F Desiati, P de Vries-Uiterweerd, G DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC Dierckxsens, M Dreyer, J Dumm, JP Duvoort, MR Ehrlich, R Eisch, J Ellsworth, RW Engdegard, O Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feusels, T Filimonov, K Finley, C Foerster, MM Fox, BD Franckowiak, A Franke, R Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Geisler, M Gerhardt, L Gladstone, L Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Goodman, JA Grant, D Griesel, T Gross, A Grullon, S Gurtner, M Ha, C Hallgren, A Halzen, F Han, K Hanson, K Helbing, K Herquet, P Hickford, S Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Homeier, A Hoshina, K Hubert, D Huelsnitz, W Hulss, JP Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hussain, S Ishihara, A Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Johansson, H Joseph, JM Kampert, KH Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kelley, JL Kemming, N Kenny, P Kiryluk, J Kislat, F Klein, SR Kohne, JH Kohnen, G Kolanoski, H Kopke, L Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Kowarik, T Krasberg, M Krings, T Kroll, G Kuehn, K Kuwabara, T Labare, M Lafebre, S Laihem, K Landsman, H Larson, MJ Lauer, R Lehmann, R Lunemann, J Madsen, J Majumdar, P Marotta, A Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Matusik, M Meagher, K Merck, M Meszaros, P Meures, T Middell, E Milke, N Miller, J Montaruli, T Morse, R Movit, SM Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Naumann, U Niessen, P Nygren, DR Odrowski, S Olivas, A Olivo, M O'Murchadha, A Ono, M Panknin, S Paul, L de los Heros, CP Petrovic, J Piegsa, A Pieloth, D Porrata, R Posselt, J Price, PB Prikockis, M Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Redl, P Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Rizzo, A Rodrigues, JP Roth, P Rothmaier, F Rott, C Ruhe, T Rutledge, D Ruzybayev, B Ryckbosch, D Sander, HG Santander, M Sarkar, S Schatto, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schukraft, A Schultes, A Schulz, O Schunck, M Seckel, D Semburg, B Seo, SH Sestayo, Y Seunarine, S Silvestri, A Singh, K Slipak, A Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stephens, G Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stoyanov, S Strahler, EA Straszheim, T Sullivan, GW Swillens, Q Taavola, H Taboada, I Tamburro, A Tarasova, O Tepe, A Ter-Antonyan, S Tilav, S Toale, PA Toscano, S Tosi, D Turcan, D van Eijndhoven, N Vandenbroucke, J Van Overloop, A van Santen, J Voge, M Voigt, B Walck, C Waldenmaier, T Wallraff, M Walter, M Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Wikstrom, G Williams, DR Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Wolf, M Woschnagg, K Xu, C Xu, XW Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zarzhitsky, P AF Abbasi, R. Abdou, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Andeen, K. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Baker, M. Barwick, S. W. Bay, R. Alba, J. L. Bazo Beattie, K. Beatty, J. J. Bechet, S. Becker, J. K. Becker, K. -H. Benabderrahmane, M. L. BenZvi, S. Berdermann, J. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bertrand, D. Besson, D. Z. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Braun, J. Buitink, S. Carson, M. Chirkin, D. Christy, B. Clem, J. Clevermann, F. Cohen, S. Colnard, C. Cowen, D. F. D'Agostino, M. V. Danninger, M. Davis, J. C. De Clercq, C. Demiroers, L. Depaepe, O. Descamps, F. Desiati, P. de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. Dierckxsens, M. Dreyer, J. Dumm, J. P. Duvoort, M. R. Ehrlich, R. Eisch, J. Ellsworth, R. W. Engdegard, O. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feusels, T. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Foerster, M. M. Fox, B. D. Franckowiak, A. Franke, R. Gaisser, T. K. Gallagher, J. Geisler, M. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, L. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Goodman, J. A. Grant, D. Griesel, T. Gross, A. Grullon, S. Gurtner, M. Ha, C. Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Han, K. Hanson, K. Helbing, K. Herquet, P. Hickford, S. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Hubert, D. Huelsnitz, W. Huelss, J. -P. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. Hussain, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobsen, J. Japaridze, G. S. Johansson, H. Joseph, J. M. Kampert, K. -H. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Kemming, N. Kenny, P. Kiryluk, J. Kislat, F. Klein, S. R. Koehne, J. -H. Kohnen, G. Kolanoski, H. Koepke, L. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Kowarik, T. Krasberg, M. Krings, T. Kroll, G. Kuehn, K. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Lafebre, S. Laihem, K. Landsman, H. Larson, M. J. Lauer, R. Lehmann, R. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Majumdar, P. Marotta, A. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Matusik, M. Meagher, K. Merck, M. Meszaros, P. Meures, T. Middell, E. Milke, N. Miller, J. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Movit, S. M. Nahnhauer, R. Nam, J. W. Naumann, U. Niessen, P. Nygren, D. R. Odrowski, S. Olivas, A. Olivo, M. O'Murchadha, A. Ono, M. Panknin, S. Paul, L. Perez de los Heros, C. Petrovic, J. Piegsa, A. Pieloth, D. Porrata, R. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Prikockis, M. Przybylski, G. T. Rawlins, K. Redl, P. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Ribordy, M. Rizzo, A. Rodrigues, J. P. Roth, P. Rothmaier, F. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Rutledge, D. Ruzybayev, B. Ryckbosch, D. Sander, H. -G. Santander, M. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Schlenstedt, S. Schmidt, T. Schukraft, A. Schultes, A. Schulz, O. Schunck, M. Seckel, D. Semburg, B. Seo, S. H. Sestayo, Y. Seunarine, S. Silvestri, A. Singh, K. Slipak, A. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stephens, G. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoyanov, S. Strahler, E. A. Straszheim, T. Sullivan, G. W. Swillens, Q. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tamburro, A. Tarasova, O. Tepe, A. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. Turcan, D. van Eijndhoven, N. Vandenbroucke, J. Van Overloop, A. van Santen, J. Voge, M. Voigt, B. Walck, C. Waldenmaier, T. Wallraff, M. Walter, M. Weaver, Ch. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Wikstrom, G. Williams, D. R. Wischnewski, R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Woschnagg, K. Xu, C. Xu, X. W. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zarzhitsky, P. TI Measurement of the atmospheric neutrino energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 400 TeV with IceCube SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-POLE; TRACK RECONSTRUCTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DEEP ICE; TELESCOPES; ABSORPTION; SCATTERING; DETECTOR; AMANDA; FLUX AB A measurement of the atmospheric muon neutrino energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 400 TeV was performed using a data sample of about 18 000 up-going atmospheric muon neutrino events in IceCube. Boosted decision trees were used for event selection to reject misreconstructed atmospheric muons and obtain a sample of up-going muon neutrino events. Background contamination in the final event sample is less than 1%. This is the first measurement of atmospheric neutrinos up to 400 TeV, and is fundamental to understanding the impact of this neutrino background on astrophysical neutrino observations with IceCube. The measured spectrum is consistent with predictions for the atmospheric nu(mu) + (nu) over bar (mu) flux. C1 [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Christy, B.; Ehrlich, R.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Goodman, J. A.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Meagher, K.; Olivas, A.; Redl, P.; Roth, P.; Schmidt, T.; Straszheim, T.; Sullivan, G. W.; Turcan, D.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bissok, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Euler, S.; Geisler, M.; Gluesenkamp, T.; Huelss, J. -P.; Krings, T.; Laihem, K.; Meures, T.; Paul, L.; Schukraft, A.; Schunck, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Williams, D. R.; Zarzhitsky, P.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Rawlins, K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Fadiran, O.; Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Taboada, I.; Tepe, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Taboada, I.; Tepe, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fazely, A. R.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Xu, X. W.] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. [Bay, R.; D'Agostino, M. V.; Filimonov, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Porrata, R.; Price, P. B.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beattie, K.; Buitink, S.; Gerhardt, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Joseph, J. M.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Nygren, D. R.; Przybylski, G. T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kappes, A.; Kemming, N.; Kolanoski, H.; Lehmann, R.; Waldenmaier, T.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Becker, J. K.; Dreyer, J.; Fedynitch, A.; Olivo, M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Boeser, S.; Franckowiak, A.; Homeier, A.; Kowalski, M.; Panknin, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Seunarine, S.] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, BB-11000 Bridgetown, Barbados. [Bechet, S.; Bertrand, D.; Dierckxsens, M.; Hanson, K.; Marotta, A.; Petrovic, J.; Swillens, Q.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Bose, D.; De Clercq, C.; Depaepe, O.; Hubert, D.; Labare, M.; Rizzo, A.; Singh, K.; Strahler, E. A.; van Eijndhoven, N.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ishihara, A.; Mase, K.; Ono, M.; Yoshida, S.] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Adams, J.; Gross, A.; Han, K.; Hickford, S.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Kuehn, K.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Kuehn, K.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Clevermann, F.; Koehne, J. -H.; Milke, N.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Grant, D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. [Abdou, Y.; Carson, M.; Descamps, F.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; Feusels, T.; Ryckbosch, D.; Van Overloop, A.] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Colnard, C.; Gross, A.; Odrowski, S.; Resconi, E.; Schulz, O.; Sestayo, Y.; Voge, M.; Wolf, M.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany. [Barwick, S. W.; Nam, J. W.; Silvestri, A.; Yodh, G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Cohen, S.; Demiroers, L.; Ribordy, M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Besson, D. Z.; Kenny, P.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gallagher, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Abbasi, R.; Aguilar, J. A.; Andeen, K.; Baker, M.; BenZvi, S.; Berghaus, P.; Braun, J.; Chirkin, D.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Dumm, J. P.; Eisch, J.; Gladstone, L.; Grullon, S.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hill, G. C.; Hoshina, K.; Jacobsen, J.; Karle, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Krasberg, M.; Landsman, H.; Maruyama, R.; Merck, M.; Montaruli, T.; Morse, R.; O'Murchadha, A.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Santander, M.; Toscano, S.; van Santen, J.; Weaver, Ch.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Griesel, T.; Koepke, L.; Kowarik, T.; Kroll, G.; Luenemann, J.; Piegsa, A.; Rothmaier, F.; Sander, H. -G.; Schatto, K.; Wiebe, K.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Herquet, P.; Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Bai, X.; Clem, J.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Niessen, P.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Stoyanov, S.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bai, X.; Clem, J.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Niessen, P.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Stoyanov, S.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Ahlers, M.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Abu-Zayyad, T.; Madsen, J.; Spiczak, G. M.; Tamburro, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Johansson, H.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wikstrom, G.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Johansson, H.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wikstrom, G.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cowen, D. F.; Meszaros, P.; Movit, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cowen, D. F.; DeYoung, T.; Foerster, M. M.; Fox, B. D.; Ha, C.; Koskinen, D. J.; Lafebre, S.; Larson, M. J.; Meszaros, P.; Prikockis, M.; Rutledge, D.; Slipak, A.; Stephens, G.; Toale, P. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Botner, O.; Engdegard, O.; Hallgren, A.; Miller, J.; Olivo, M.; Perez de los Heros, C.; Taavola, H.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Duvoort, M. R.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys & Astron, SRON, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Auffenberg, J.; Becker, K. -H.; Gurtner, M.; Helbing, K.; Kampert, K. -H.; Karg, T.; Matusik, M.; Naumann, U.; Posselt, J.; Schultes, A.; Semburg, B.] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Alba, J. L. Bazo; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Berdermann, J.; Bernardini, E.; Franke, R.; Kislat, F.; Lauer, R.; Majumdar, P.; Middell, E.; Nahnhauer, R.; Schlenstedt, S.; Spiering, C.; Tarasova, O.; Tosi, D.; Voigt, B.; Walter, M.; Wischnewski, R.] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. [Montaruli, T.] Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, Sez INFN, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Stamatikos, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Huelsnitz, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM whuelsnitz@icecube.umd.edu RI Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Taavola, Henric/B-4497-2011; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Tamburro, Alessio/A-5703-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Auffenberg, Jan/D-3954-2014; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Przybylski, Grzegorz/F-7474-2015 OI Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Actis, Oxana/0000-0001-8851-3983; Ter-Antonyan, Samvel/0000-0002-5788-1369; Schukraft, Anne/0000-0002-9112-5479; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Carson, Michael/0000-0003-0400-7819; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X; Benabderrahmane, Mohamed Lotfi/0000-0003-4410-5886; Taavola, Henric/0000-0002-2604-2810; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Auffenberg, Jan/0000-0002-1185-9094; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; FU U.S. National Science Foundation; Office of Polar Programs; Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S.Department of Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO; Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; EU; Capes Foundation; Ministry of Education of Brazil FX We acknowledge support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation, Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S.Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland. A. Gro beta acknowledges support by the EU Marie Curie OIF Program. J.P. Rodrigues acknowledges support by the Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil. NR 45 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 AR 012001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.012001 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713TA UT WOS:000286759100001 ER PT J AU Feng, WX Xiao, D Ding, J Yao, YG AF Feng, Wanxiang Xiao, Di Ding, Jun Yao, Yugui TI Three-Dimensional Topological Insulators in I-III-VI2 and II-IV-V-2 Chalcopyrite Semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HGTE QUANTUM-WELLS; SINGLE DIRAC CONE; PHASE; SURFACE; BI2TE3 AB Using first-principles calculations within density functional theory, we investigate the band topology of ternary chalcopyrites of composition I-III-VI2 and II-IV-V-2. By exploiting adiabatic continuity of their band structures to the binary 3D-HgTe, combined with direct evaluation of the Z(2) topological invariant, we show that a large number of chalcopyrites can realize the topological insulating phase in their native states. The ability to host room-temperature ferromagnetism in the same chalcopyrite family makes them appealing candidates for novel spintronics devices. C1 [Feng, Wanxiang; Ding, Jun; Yao, Yugui] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Di] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yao, YG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM xiaod@ornl.gov; ygyao@aphy.iphy.ac.cn RI Zhang, Jian-Min/A-7757-2012; Yao, Yugui/A-8411-2012; Xiao, Di/B-1830-2008; Feng, Wanxiang/P-7000-2014 OI Xiao, Di/0000-0003-0165-6848; Feng, Wanxiang/0000-0001-8488-1949 FU NSF of China [10674163, 10974231]; MOST of China [2007CB925000]; Supercomputing Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX We acknowledges useful discussions with Jun Wen, Wenguang Zhu, and Hanno Weitering. Y. G. Y. acknowledges support from the NSF of China (10674163, 10974231), the MOST Project of China (2007CB925000), and Supercomputing Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences. D. X. is supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 32 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 016402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.016402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713QA UT WOS:000286751300011 PM 21231757 ER PT J AU Gandolfi, S Carlson, J Pieper, SC AF Gandolfi, S. Carlson, J. Pieper, Steven C. TI Cold Neutrons Trapped in External Fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; EQUATION-OF-STATE; SKYRME PARAMETRIZATION; EXOTIC NUCLEI; MATTER; DROPS; SUBNUCLEAR; DENSITIES; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB The properties of inhomogeneous neutron matter are crucial to the physics of neutron-rich nuclei and the crust of neutron stars. Advances in computational techniques now allow us to accurately determine the binding energies and densities of many neutrons interacting via realistic microscopic interactions and confined in external fields. We perform calculations for different external fields and across several shells to place important constraints on inhomogeneous neutron matter, and hence the large isospin limit of the nuclear energy density functionals that are used to predict properties of heavy nuclei and neutron star crusts. We find important differences between microscopic calculations and current density functionals; in particular, the isovector gradient terms are significantly more repulsive than in traditional models, and the spin-orbit and pairing forces are comparatively weaker. C1 [Gandolfi, S.; Carlson, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Pieper, Steven C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 61801 USA. RP Gandolfi, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Gandolfi, Stefano/0000-0002-0430-9035 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FC02-07ER41457, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE INCITE FX We thank G. F. Bertsch, A. Bulgac, S. a Beccara, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, P. Maris, F. Pederiva, S. Reddy, J. Vary, and R. B. Wiringa for valuable discussions. We are indebted to K. E. Schmidt for providing us the AFDMC code. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contracts No. DE-FC02-07ER41457 (UNEDF SciDAC), No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, and No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Computer time was made available by Argonne's LCRC, the Argonne Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Los Alamos Open Supercomputing, the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), and by a DOE INCITE grant on the Argonne BG/P. NR 36 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 5 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 012501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.012501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713QA UT WOS:000286751300004 PM 21231734 ER PT J AU Ponomarev, AL Sundaresan, A Vazquez, ME Guida, P Kim, A Cucinotta, FA AF Ponomarev, Artem L. Sundaresan, Alamelu Vazquez, Marcelo E. Guida, Peter Kim, Angela Cucinotta, Francis A. TI A model of the effects of heavy ion radiation on human tissue SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Heavy ions; Tissue irradiation; Tissue damage; Tissue toxicity; Cellular apoptosis; Image segmentation ID NEURONAL PROGENITOR CELLS; HIGH-LET RADIATION; DEPENDENCE; APOPTOSIS; INDUCTION; DNA AB In heavy ion radiotherapy and space travel humans are exposed to energetic heavy ions (C, Si, Fe and others). This type of irradiation often produces more severe biological effects per unit dose than more common X-rays. A new Monte Carlo model generates a physical space with the complex geometry of human tissue or a cell culture based model of tissue, which is affected by the passage of ionizing radiation. For irradiation, the model relies on a physical code for the ion track structure; for tissues, cellular maps are derived from two- or three-dimensional confocal microscopy images using image segmentation algorithm, which defines cells as pixilated volumes. The model is used to study tissue-specific statistics of direct ion hits and the remote ion action on cells. As an application of the technique, we considered the spatial pattern of apoptotic cells after heavy ion irradiation. The pattern of apoptosis is modeled as a stochastic process, which is defined by the action cross section taken from available experimental data. To characterize the degree of apoptosis, an autocorrelation function that describes the spatial correlation of apoptotic cells is introduced. The values of the autocorrelation function demonstrate the effect of the directionality of the radiation track on the spatial arrangements of inactivated cells in tissue. This effect is intrinsic only to high linear-energy-transfer radiation. (c) 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ponomarev, Artem L.] USRA, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Ponomarev, Artem L.; Cucinotta, Francis A.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Human Adaptat & Countermeasures Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Sundaresan, Alamelu] Texas So Univ, Dept Biol, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Vazquez, Marcelo E.] Baylor Coll Med, Natl Space Biomed Res Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Guida, Peter; Kim, Angela] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ponomarev, AL (reprint author), USRA, 3600 Space Ctr Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM artem.l.ponomarev@nasa.gov FU NASA; office of science (BER) US DOE [OE-AI03-05ER64088]; US DOE [DE-A103-05ER64088]; NSBRI [MCC 9-58-98, RE00202] FX Funding was through the NASA Risk Assessment Project. Funding was through NASA under the Risk Assessment Project (AP), and by the office of science (BER) US DOE, Interagency Agreement No. OE-AI03-05ER64088 (FC). Support was provided by the US DOE (DE-A103-05ER64088) and the NASA Space Radiation Program Risk Assessment Project. Support was provided by NSBRI grant MCC 9-58-98, project RE00202 (MV, PG, AK). NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 EI 1879-1948 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 47 IS 1 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.08.014 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 718ES UT WOS:000287104500004 ER PT J AU Nalwa, KS Park, JM Ho, KM Chaudhary, S AF Nalwa, Kanwar S. Park, Joong-Mok Ho, Kai-Ming Chaudhary, Sumit TI On Realizing Higher Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Using a Textured Substrate Platform SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; GRATINGS; LIGHT; DIODES AB Elastomeric electrospun construct fabrication conditions are evaluated with regard to their effect on fiber topology and biaxial mechanical response. It is determined that fiber alignment alone is insufficient to predict mechanical response. Moreover, fiber intersection density is introduced as a quantifiable structural measure that can be manipulated to achieve mechanical anisotropy similar to that of native soft tissues. C1 [Nalwa, Kanwar S.; Chaudhary, Sumit] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nalwa, Kanwar S.; Chaudhary, Sumit] Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Park, Joong-Mok; Ho, Kai-Ming] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Park, Joong-Mok; Ho, Kai-Ming] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Chaudhary, S (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sumitc@iastate.edu RI Chaudhary, Sumit/A-9076-2012 FU Iowa Power Fund; Ames Laboratory; US Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX KS and SC thank Iowa Power Fund and Ames Laboratory seed funding for financial support. JMP and KMH thank Director for Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 22 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 1 BP 112 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.201002898 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 700FM UT WOS:000285723400012 PM 21069887 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Wang, YM Aberg, D Erhart, P Misra, N Noy, A Hamza, AV Yang, JH AF Wang, Xianying Wang, Yinmin Aberg, Daniel Erhart, Paul Misra, Nipun Noy, Aleksandr Hamza, Alex V. Yang, Junhe TI Batteryless Chemical Detection with Semiconductor Nanowires SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SILICON NANOWIRES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; OXIDE NANOBELTS; ZNO; SENSORS; NANORODS; DEVICES AB A batteryless chemical nanosensor has been developed from either vertically (ZnO) or randomly aligned (Si) semiconductor nanowires. The nanosensor makes use of a unique molecule-surface interaction mechanism that induces an electric potential difference between two electrodes. The magnitude of the electric potential depends sensitively on the molecule type and concentration. We demonstrate the sensing ability of two different platforms using ethanol molecules. Quantum mechanical calculations suggest that the batteryless nanosensor described may be universally applicable to other semiconductor materials. C1 [Wang, Xianying; Yang, Junhe] Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200093, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yinmin; Aberg, Daniel; Erhart, Paul; Misra, Nipun; Noy, Aleksandr; Hamza, Alex V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ymwang@llnl.gov RI Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010; OI Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061; Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/0000-0002-7161-2034; Aberg, Daniel/0000-0003-4364-9419 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense [BRBAA07-F-1-0066]; China 973 Program [2010CB234609]; Shanghai NanoProject [1052nm03000]; NSFC [51072119]; Shanghai Rising Star Program [09QA1404100]; U.S. Department of Energy, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors have filed U.S. patent applications (61/253890, 61/255571, 61/286858) related to this research. Y.M.W and A.N are partially supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (Grant no. BRBAA07-F-1-0066). The work at USST is supported by China 973 Program (2010CB234609), Shanghai NanoProject (1052nm03000), NSFC (51072119), Shanghai Rising Star Program (09QA1404100). The authors would like to thank Dr. L.Y. Woo for her assistance in sensing experiments, Prof. D.J. Sirbuly for his early contributions to this project, and Dr. S.O. Kucheyev for providing single crystal ZnO bulk samples. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 23 IS 1 BP 117 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.201003221 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 700FM UT WOS:000285723400013 PM 21120853 ER PT J AU Su, Y Brown, HM Li, GS Zhou, XD Amonette, JE Fulton, JL Camaioni, DM Zhang, ZC AF Su, Yu Brown, Heather M. Li, Guosheng Zhou, Xiao-dong Amonette, James E. Fulton, John L. Camaioni, Donald M. Zhang, Z. Conrad TI Accelerated cellulose depolymerization catalyzed by paired metal chlorides in ionic liquid solvent SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquid; 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride; Cellulose; Biomass; Depolymerization; Catalysis; Bioenergy; Hydrolysis; Glucose; Cellobiose; Maltose; Cellulose conversion; Catalyst; Paired metal chlorides; CuCl(2); PdCl(2) ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; HYDROLYSIS; EXCHANGE AB Efficient hydrolytic depolymerization of crystalline cellulose to sugars is a critical step and has been a major barrier for improved economics in the utilization of cellulosic biomass. A novel catalytic system involving CuCl(2) (primary metal chloride) paired with a second metal chloride, such as CrCl(2), PdCl(2), CrCl(3) or FeCl(3) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) ionic liquid solvent has been found to substantially accelerate the rate of cellulose depolymerization under mild conditions. These paired metal chlorides are particularly active for the hydrolytic cleavage of 1,4-glucosidic bonds when compared to the rates of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis at similar temperatures (80-120 degrees C). In contrast, single metal chlorides with the same total molar loading showed much lower activity under similar conditions. Experimental results illustrate the dramatic effect of the second metal chloride in the paired catalytic system. An array of characterization techniques, including electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, in combination with theoretical calculations at the DFT level, was used to reveal a preliminary understanding of possible mechanisms involved in the paired CuCl(2)/PdCl(2) catalytic system. We discovered that Cu(II) was reduced during the course of the reaction to Cu(I) only in the presence of a second metal chloride and a carbohydrate source such as cellulose in the ionic liquid system. Our results suggest that Cu(II) generates protons by hydrolysis of water to catalyze the depolymerization step, and serves to regenerate Pd(II) reduced to Pd(0) by side reactions. Pd(II) likely facilitates the depolymerization step by coordinating the catalytic protons, and also promotes the formation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Our results also suggest that the C2-proton of the imidazolium ring is not activated by the paired metal-chloride catalysts. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Yu; Brown, Heather M.; Li, Guosheng; Zhou, Xiao-dong; Amonette, James E.; Fulton, John L.; Camaioni, Donald M.; Zhang, Z. Conrad] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, ZC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM zczhang@yahoo.com FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. DOE [DE-AC06-76RL01830]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US DOE-BES; NSERC FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. DOE under contract no. DE-AC06-76RL01830. Part of the research described in this paper was performed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility located at PNNL. The Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. PNC-XOR is funded by its founding institutions, the US DOE-BES, and NSERC. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 391 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 436 EP 442 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.09.021 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 715BY UT WOS:000286856600054 ER PT J AU Sun, Y Shull, KR Walko, DA Wang, J AF Sun, Yan Shull, Kenneth R. Walko, Donald A. Wang, Jin TI Thickness-Dependent Autophobic Dewetting of Thin Polymer Films on Coated Substrates SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID RAY STANDING WAVES; EQUILIBRIUM CONTACT ANGLES; LONG-RANGE FORCES; LIQUID-FILMS; PATTERN-FORMATION; SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE; DYNAMICS; SURFACE; INTERFACES; STABILITY AB We demonstrate that the wetting behavior of a thin liquid film, poly(4-bromostyrene) (PBrS), on top of a solid substrate may be effectively controlled with the insertion of a secondary liquid film, poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP), underneath the primary film. This secondary film remains stable under all conditions, and can be viewed as an extension of the substrate itself. On the basis of results from X-ray standing waves generated via total external reflection from an X-ray mirror, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, we construct the full Helmholtz free energy versus PBrS thickness curve using existing theories that account for both long- and short-range interactions. The form of the free energy curve, which contains an inflection point and an absolute minimum at a nonzero PBrS thickness, accurately reflects our observation that thick PBrS films undergo autophobic dewetting on top of the stable P4VP, while sufficiently thin PBrS films remain stable. The thickness of the autophobic wetting layer is controlled by the range of the repulsive interaction between the film and the substrate, and is found to be similar to 4 nm for the PBrS/P4VP interface. C1 [Sun, Yan; Shull, Kenneth R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Sun, Yan; Walko, Donald A.; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shull, KR (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM k-shull@northwestern.edu RI Shull, Kenneth/B-7536-2009 FU NSF-NSEC; NSF-MRSEC; Keck Foundation; State of Illinois; Northwestern University; National Science Foundation at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-0520513]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF Division of Materials Research [DMR-0907384] FX The AFM and ToF-SIMS work was performed in the NIFTI and Keck-II facilities of NUANCE Center at Northwestern University. NUANCE Center is supported by NSF-NSEC, NSF-MRSEC, Keck Foundation, the State of Illinois, and Northwestern University. The optical microscopy work made use of the Optical Microscopy and Metallography Facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-0520513) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. The TER-XSW work was conducted at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We also acknowledge support from the NSF Division of Materials Research, grant DMR-0907384. The authors gratefully acknowledge the APS stall at 7-ID (D. Arms and H. Gibson) and 33-BM (E. A. Karapetrova) for their technical support and Rafael Bras for his help in running the TER-XSW experiments. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1021/la103774d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 697ZP UT WOS:000285560400028 PM 21117671 ER PT J AU Klahr, BM Martinson, ABF Hamann, TW AF Klahr, Benjamin M. Martinson, Alex B. F. Hamann, Thomas W. TI Photoelectrochemical Investigation of Ultrathin Film Iron Oxide Solar Cells Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID HEMATITE THIN-FILMS; WATER PHOTOOXIDATION; NANOSTRUCTURED ALPHA-FE2O3; PHOTOASSISTED ELECTROLYSIS; IRON(III) OXIDE; OXIDATION; PHOTOANODES; FERROCENE; THICKNESS; ANODES AB Atomic layer deposition was used to grow conformal thin films of hematite with controlled thickness on transparent conductive oxide substrates. The hematite films were incorporated as photoelectrodes in regenerative photoelectrochemical cells employing an aqueous [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-) electrolyte. Steady state current density versus applied potential measurements under monochromatic and simulated solar illumination were used to probe the photoelectrochemical properties of the hematite electrodes as a function of film thickness. Combining the photoelectrochemical results with careful optical measurements allowed us to determine an optimal thickness for a hematite electrode of similar to 20 nm. Mott-Schottky analysis of differential capacitance measurements indicated a depletion region of similar to 17 nm. Thus, only charge carriers generated in the depletion region were found to contribute to the photocurrent. C1 [Klahr, Benjamin M.; Hamann, Thomas W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Martinson, Alex B. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne NW Solar Energy Res ANSER Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hamann, TW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM hamann@chemistry.msu.edu OI Klahr, Benjamin/0000-0002-4966-9026; Martinson, Alex/0000-0003-3916-1672 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001059] FX T.W.H. would like to thank Michigan State University for providing a generous start-up package in support of this work. Work by A.B.F.M. was supported as part of the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award Number DE-SC0001059. NR 52 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 8 U2 86 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 461 EP 468 DI 10.1021/la103541n PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 697ZP UT WOS:000285560400062 PM 21126056 ER PT J AU Ravichandran, J Siemons, W Scullin, ML Mukerjee, S Huijben, M Moore, JE Majumdar, A Ramesh, R AF Ravichandran, J. Siemons, W. Scullin, M. L. Mukerjee, S. Huijben, M. Moore, J. E. Majumdar, A. Ramesh, R. TI Tuning the electronic effective mass in double-doped SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; SILICON; GAP AB We elucidate the relationship between effective mass and carrier concentration in an oxide semiconductor controlled by a double-doping mechanism. In this model oxide system, Sr1-xLaxTiO3-delta, we can tune the effective mass ranging from 6 to 20m(e) as a function of filling (carrier concentration) and the scattering mechanism, which are dependent on the chosen lanthanum-and oxygen-vacancy concentrations. The effective mass values were calculated from the Boltzmann transport equation using the measured transport properties of thin films of Sr1-xLaxTiO3-delta. We show that the effective mass decreases with carrier concentration in this large-band-gap, low-mobility oxide, and this behavior is contrary to the traditional high-mobility, small-effective-mass semiconductors. C1 [Ravichandran, J.; Majumdar, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ravichandran, J.; Scullin, M. L.; Moore, J. E.; Majumdar, A.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Siemons, W.; Mukerjee, S.; Huijben, M.; Moore, J. E.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scullin, M. L.; Majumdar, A.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mukerjee, S.] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Huijben, M.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Huijben, M.] Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Majumdar, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ravichandran, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Siemons, Wolter/B-3808-2011; Ravichandran, Jayakanth/H-6329-2011; Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016 OI Ravichandran, Jayakanth/0000-0001-5030-9143; Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761 FU Link FoundationNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors would like to acknowledge discussions with Choongho Yu, the assistance of Costel Rotundu and Kin Man Yu with Hall and RBS measurements, respectively, and the UC Berkeley/LBNL thermoelectrics group. W. S. acknowledges a Rubicon grant from The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). J.R. acknowledges a Link energy fellowship from the Link Foundation. This work was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 AR 035101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035101 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713UP UT WOS:000286763200002 ER PT J AU Dean, N Petersen, JC Fausti, D Tobey, RI Kaiser, S Gasparov, LV Berger, H Cavalleri, A AF Dean, N. Petersen, J. C. Fausti, D. Tobey, R. I. Kaiser, S. Gasparov, L. V. Berger, H. Cavalleri, A. TI Polaronic Conductivity in the Photoinduced Phase of 1T-TaS2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES; CARRIER DYNAMICS; DOPED 1T-TAS2; SPECTROSCOPY; PURE AB The transient optical conductivity of photoexcited 1T-TaS2 is determined over a three-order-of-magnitude frequency range. Prompt collapse and recovery of the Mott gap is observed. However, we find important differences between this transient metallic state and that seen across the thermally driven insulator-metal transition. Suppressed low-frequency conductivity, Fano phonon line shapes, and a midinfrared absorption band point to polaronic transport. This is explained by noting that the photoinduced metallic state of 1T-TaS2 is one in which the Mott gap is melted but the lattice retains its low-temperature symmetry, a regime only accessible by photodoping. C1 [Dean, N.; Petersen, J. C.; Fausti, D.; Tobey, R. I.; Cavalleri, A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Petersen, J. C.; Fausti, D.; Kaiser, S.; Cavalleri, A.] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Free Elect Laser Sci, Max Planck Dept Struct Dynam, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Tobey, R. I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gasparov, L. V.] Univ N Florida, Dept Chem & Phys, S Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Berger, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Complex Matter, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Dean, N (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM n.dean1@physics.ox.ac.uk; andrea.cavalleri@mpsd.cfel.de RI Kaiser, Stefan/B-7788-2008; OI Kaiser, Stefan/0000-0001-9862-2788; Gasparov, Lev/0000-0003-1609-3363; Fausti, Daniele/0000-0002-2142-9741; Dean, Nicky/0000-0002-4219-8807 NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 59 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 016401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.016401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713QH UT WOS:000286752000006 PM 21231756 ER PT J AU Palmer, CAJ Dover, NP Pogorelsky, I Babzien, M Dudnikova, GI Ispiriyan, M Polyanskiy, MN Schreiber, J Shkolnikov, P Yakimenko, V Najmudin, Z AF Palmer, Charlotte A. J. Dover, N. P. Pogorelsky, I. Babzien, M. Dudnikova, G. I. Ispiriyan, M. Polyanskiy, M. N. Schreiber, J. Shkolnikov, P. Yakimenko, V. Najmudin, Z. TI Monoenergetic Proton Beams Accelerated by a Radiation Pressure Driven Shock SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER INTERACTIONS; PLASMA; SOLIDS; ION; GENERATION; PULSES AB We report on the acceleration of impurity-free quasimononenergetic proton beams from an initially gaseous hydrogen target driven by an intense infrared (lambda = 10 mu m) laser. The front surface of the target was observed by optical probing to be driven forward by the radiation pressure of the laser. A proton beam of similar to MeV energy was simultaneously recorded with narrow energy spread (sigma similar to 4%), low normalized emittance (similar to 8 nm), and negligible background. The scaling of proton energy with the ratio of intensity over density (I/n) confirms that the acceleration is due to the radiation pressure driven shock. C1 [Palmer, Charlotte A. J.; Dover, N. P.; Schreiber, J.; Najmudin, Z.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Pogorelsky, I.; Babzien, M.; Polyanskiy, M. N.; Yakimenko, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dudnikova, G. I.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ispiriyan, M.; Shkolnikov, P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Schreiber, J.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Schreiber, J.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Palmer, CAJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Polyanskiy, Mikhail/E-8406-2010; OI Dover, Nicholas/0000-0003-0420-3940 FU Libra Basic Tech.; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-07ER41488] FX The work was funded in part by Libra Basic Tech. and U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER41488. We thank D. Neely, P. Foster, and J. Green for providing spectral response of the scintillator, the OSIRIS consortium (UCLA/IST) for use of OSIRIS, K. Kusche, and the ATF technical staff for experimental assistance and A. E. Dangor and L. Willingale for useful discussions. NR 29 TC 108 Z9 110 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 AR 014801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.014801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713QH UT WOS:000286752000004 PM 21231748 ER PT J AU Wang, FY Adolphsen, C Nantista, C AF Wang, Faya Adolphsen, Chris Nantista, Christopher TI Performance limiting effects in X-band accelerators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Acceleration gradient is a critical parameter for the design of future TeV-scale linear colliders. The major obstacle to higher gradient in room-temperature accelerators is rf breakdown, which is still a very mysterious phenomenon that depends on the geometry and material of the accelerator as well as the input power and operating frequency. Pulsed heating has been associated with breakdown for many years; however, there have been no experiments that clearly separate field and heating effects on the breakdown rate. Recently, such experiments have been performed at SLAC with both standing-wave and traveling-wave structures. These experiments have demonstrated that pulsed heating is limiting the gradient. Nevertheless the X-band structures breakdown studies show damage to the iris surfaces in locations of high electric field rather than of high magnetic field after thousands of breakdowns. It is not yet clear how the relative roles of electric field, magnetic field, and heating factor into the damage caused by rf breakdown. Thus, a dual-moded cavity has been designed to better study the electric field, magnetic field, and pulsed heating effects on breakdown damage. C1 [Wang, Faya; Adolphsen, Chris; Nantista, Christopher] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Wang, FY (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 AR 010401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.14.010401 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 702XS UT WOS:000285929800001 ER PT J AU Zhang, JL Zhang, SJ Weng, HM Zhang, W Yang, LX Liu, QQ Feng, SM Wang, XC Yu, RC Cao, LZ Wang, L Yang, WG Liu, HZ Zhao, WY Zhang, SC Dai, X Fang, Z Jin, CQ AF Zhang, J. L. Zhang, S. J. Weng, H. M. Zhang, W. Yang, L. X. Liu, Q. Q. Feng, S. M. Wang, X. C. Yu, R. C. Cao, L. Z. Wang, L. Yang, W. G. Liu, H. Z. Zhao, W. Y. Zhang, S. C. Dai, X. Fang, Z. Jin, C. Q. TI Pressure-induced superconductivity in topological parent compound Bi2Te3 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE high-pressure effects; pressure-tuned conductivity; topological superconductors ID SINGLE DIRAC CONE; QUANTUM COMPUTATION; INSULATOR; SURFACE; ANYONS; SPIN AB We report a successful observation of pressure-induced superconductivity in a topological compound Bi2Te3 with T-c of similar to 3 K between 3 to 6 GPa. The combined high-pressure structure investigations with synchrotron radiation indicated that the superconductivity occurred at the ambient phase without crystal structure phase transition. The Hall effects measurements indicated the hole-type carrier in the pressure-induced superconducting Bi2Te3 single crystal. Consequently, the first-principles calculations based on the structural data obtained by the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns at high pressure showed that the electronic structure under pressure remained topologically nontrivial. The results suggested that topological superconductivity can be realized in Bi2Te3 due to the proximity effect between superconducting bulk states and Dirac-type surface states. We also discuss the possibility that the bulk state could be a topological superconductor. C1 [Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, S. J.; Weng, H. M.; Zhang, W.; Yang, L. X.; Liu, Q. Q.; Feng, S. M.; Wang, X. C.; Yu, R. C.; Dai, X.; Fang, Z.; Jin, C. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, S. J.; Weng, H. M.; Zhang, W.; Yang, L. X.; Liu, Q. Q.; Feng, S. M.; Wang, X. C.; Yu, R. C.; Dai, X.; Fang, Z.; Jin, C. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J. L.; Cao, L. Z.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Wang, L.; Yang, W. G.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Adv Photon Source, Geophys Lab, HPsync, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, H. Z.] Harbin Inst Technol, Nat Sci Res Ctr, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Zhao, W. Y.] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Zhang, S. C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Zhang, S. C.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Adv Study, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Fang, Z (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM zfang@iphy.ac.cn; jin@iphy.ac.cn RI Liu, Haozhe/E-6169-2011; Weng, Hongming/F-2948-2011; Zhang, Shou-Cheng/B-2794-2010; Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; WANG, LIN/G-7884-2012; Fang, Zhong/D-4132-2009 OI Weng, Hongming/0000-0001-8021-9413; FU Natural Science Foundation (NSF); Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China [10820101049, 2007CB925000, 2010CB923000]; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE-BES); Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE-NNSA); NSF [DMR-0904264] FX We thank the Natural Science Foundation (NSF) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China through the research projects (10820101049, 2007CB925000, and 2010CB923000), and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China. HPsync is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE-BES), Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE-NNSA), and NSF. S.C.Z. is supported by the NSF under Grant DMR-0904264. NR 35 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 14 U2 93 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 DI 10.1073/pnas.1014085108 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702SG UT WOS:000285915000009 PM 21173267 ER PT J AU Brown, JH Kumar, VSS O'Neall-Hennessey, E Reshetnikova, L Robinson, H Nguyen-McCarty, M Szent-Gyorgyi, AG Cohen, C AF Brown, Jerry H. Kumar, V. S. Senthil O'Neall-Hennessey, Elizabeth Reshetnikova, Ludmila Robinson, Howard Nguyen-McCarty, Michelle Szent-Gyoergyi, Andrew G. Cohen, Carolyn TI Visualizing key hinges and a potential major source of compliance in the lever arm of myosin SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE protein crystal structure; light chain binding domain; glycine; regulation ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; REGULATORY LIGHT-CHAINS; MUSCLE HEAVY-MEROMYOSIN; SCALLOP MYOSIN; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; CONTRACTION; BINDING; MOTOR; ACTIN; MECHANISM AB We have determined the 2.3-angstrom-resolution crystal structure of a myosin light chain domain, corresponding to one type found in sea scallop catch ("smooth") muscle. This structure reveals hinges that may function in the "on" and "off" states of myosin. The molecule adopts two different conformations about the heavy chain "hook" and regulatory light chain (RLC) helix D. This conformational change results in extended and compressed forms of the lever arm whose lengths differ by 10 angstrom. The heavy chain hook and RLC helix D hinges could thus serve as a potential major and localized source of cross-bridge compliance during the contractile cycle. In addition, in one of the molecules of the crystal, part of the RLC N-terminal extension is seen in atomic detail and forms a one-turn alpha-helix that interacts with RLC helix D. This extension, whose sequence is highly variable in different myosins, may thus modulate the flexibility of the lever arm. Moreover, the relative proximity of the phosphorylation site to the helix D hinge suggests a potential role for conformational changes about this hinge in the transition between the on and off states of regulated myosins. C1 [Brown, Jerry H.; Kumar, V. S. Senthil; O'Neall-Hennessey, Elizabeth; Reshetnikova, Ludmila; Nguyen-McCarty, Michelle; Szent-Gyoergyi, Andrew G.; Cohen, Carolyn] Brandeis Univ, Rosenstiel Basic Med Sci Res Ctr, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cohen, C (reprint author), Brandeis Univ, Rosenstiel Basic Med Sci Res Ctr, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. EM ccohen@brandeis.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AR017346] FX We are grateful to Cynthia Perreault-Micale; without her excellent sequencing work, along with expression, purification, and long-term storage of large quantities of this most interesting RLC, this project would not have been possible. We also thank the staff of the Brookhaven National Laboratory for assistance with data collection, and Hugh Huxley, Kathleen Trybus, and Daniel Himmel for a critical reading of the manuscript. This work has been supported by National Institutes of Health Grant AR017346 (to C.C.). NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 BP 114 EP 119 DI 10.1073/pnas.1016288107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702SG UT WOS:000285915000025 PM 21149681 ER PT J AU Perz-Edwards, RJ Irving, TC Baumann, BAJ Gore, D Hutchinson, DC Krzic, U Porter, RL Ward, AB Reedy, MK AF Perz-Edwards, Robert J. Irving, Thomas C. Baumann, Bruce A. J. Gore, David Hutchinson, Daniel C. Krzic, Uros Porter, Rebecca L. Ward, Andrew B. Reedy, Michael K. TI X-ray diffraction evidence for myosin-troponin connections and tropomyosin movement during stretch activation of insect flight muscle SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; CROSS-BRIDGES; OSCILLATORY CONTRACTION; CONTAINING-FILAMENTS; STRIATED-MUSCLE; ACTIN; LATTICE; MECHANISM; BINDING; EXTENSIBILITY AB Stretch activation is important in the mechanical properties of vertebrate cardiac muscle and essential to the flight muscles of most insects. Despite decades of investigation, the underlying molecular mechanism of stretch activation is unknown. We investigated the role of recently observed connections between myosin and troponin, called "troponin bridges," by analyzing real-time X-ray diffraction "movies" from sinusoidally stretch-activated Lethocerus muscles. Observed changes in X-ray reflections arising from myosin heads, actin filaments, troponin, and tropomyosin were consistent with the hypothesis that troponin bridges are the key agent of mechanical signal transduction. The time-resolved sequence of molecular changes suggests a mechanism for stretch activation, in which troponin bridges mechanically tug tropomyosin aside to relieve tropomyosin's steric blocking of myosin-actin binding. This enables subsequent force production, with cross-bridge targeting further enhanced by stretch-induced lattice compression and thick-filament twisting. Similar linkages may operate in other muscle systems, such as mammalian cardiac muscle, where stretch activation is thought to aid in cardiac ejection. C1 [Perz-Edwards, Robert J.; Hutchinson, Daniel C.; Porter, Rebecca L.; Reedy, Michael K.] Duke Univ, Dept Cell Biol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Irving, Thomas C.; Gore, David] IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Irving, Thomas C.; Gore, David] IIT, Biophys Collaborat Access Team, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Baumann, Bruce A. J.] Florida State Univ, Inst Mol Biophys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Krzic, Uros] European Mol Biol Lab, Cell Biol & Biophys Unit, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Ward, Andrew B.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Perz-Edwards, RJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Cell Biol, Box 3011, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM rjpe@cellbio.duke.edu RI ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Ward, Andrew/F-9203-2014; OI Ward, Andrew/0000-0001-7153-3769; Perz-Edwards, Robert/0000-0003-4446-1194 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AR-14317, GM-30598]; US Department of Energy [W-31-109-ENG-38]; NIH [RR-08630] FX Thanks to C. Lucaveche, S. Hester, T Bekyarova, and R.T. Tregear. Muscle data acquisition modules were written by Katya Prince (Prince Consulting LLC, Durham, NC). This research was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants AR-14317 (to M.K.R.) and GM-30598 (to B.A.B.). The Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy Contract W-31-109-ENG-38. Biophysics Collaborative Access Team is an NIH-supported Research Center RR-08630. NR 50 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 BP 120 EP 125 DI 10.1073/pnas.1014599107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702SG UT WOS:000285915000026 PM 21148419 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JJ Tank, JL Hamilton, SK Wollheim, WM Hall, RO Mulholland, PJ Peterson, BJ Ashkenas, LR Cooper, LW Dahm, CN Dodds, WK Grimm, NB Johnson, SL McDowell, WH Poole, GC Valett, HM Arango, CP Bernot, MJ Burgin, AJ Crenshaw, CL Helton, AM Johnson, LT O'Brien, JM Potter, JD Sheibley, RW Sobota, DJ Thomas, SM AF Beaulieu, Jake J. Tank, Jennifer L. Hamilton, Stephen K. Wollheim, Wilfred M. Hall, Robert O., Jr. Mulholland, Patrick J. Peterson, Bruce J. Ashkenas, Linda R. Cooper, Lee W. Dahm, Clifford N. Dodds, Walter K. Grimm, Nancy B. Johnson, Sherri L. McDowell, William H. Poole, Geoffrey C. Valett, H. Maurice Arango, Clay P. Bernot, Melody J. Burgin, Amy J. Crenshaw, Chelsea L. Helton, Ashley M. Johnson, Laura T. O'Brien, Jonathan M. Potter, Jody D. Sheibley, Richard W. Sobota, Daniel J. Thomas, Suzanne M. TI Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HEADWATER STREAMS; NITRATE REMOVAL; FRESH-WATER; N2O; ECOSYSTEMS; SOILS; ABUNDANCE; OXYGEN; RATES; CYCLE AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading to river networks is a potentially important source of N2O via microbial denitrification that converts N to N2O and dinitrogen (N-2). The fraction of denitrified N that escapes as N2O rather than N-2 (i.e., the N2O yield) is an important determinant of how much N2O is produced by river networks, but little is known about the N2O yield in flowing waters. Here, we present the results of whole-stream N-15-tracer additions conducted in 72 headwater streams draining multiple land-use types across the United States. We found that stream denitrification produces N2O at rates that increase with stream water nitrate (NO3-) concentrations, but that <1% of denitrified N is converted to N2O. Unlike some previous studies, we found no relationship between the N2O yield and stream water NO3-. We suggest that increased stream NO3- loading stimulates denitrification and concomitant N2O production, but does not increase the N2O yield. In our study, most streams were sources of N2O to the atmosphere and the highest emission rates were observed in streams draining urban basins. Using a global river network model, we estimate that microbial N transformations (e. g., denitrification and nitrification) convert at least 0.68 Tg.y(-1) of anthropogenic N inputs to N2O in river networks, equivalent to 10% of the global anthropogenic N2O emission rate. This estimate of stream and river N2O emissions is three times greater than estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. C1 [Beaulieu, Jake J.; Tank, Jennifer L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Hamilton, Stephen K.] Michigan State Univ, Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Wollheim, Wilfred M.; McDowell, William H.; Potter, Jody D.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Peterson, Bruce J.; Thomas, Suzanne M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Ashkenas, Linda R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Dahm, Clifford N.; Crenshaw, Chelsea L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Dodds, Walter K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.; Sheibley, Richard W.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Valett, H. Maurice] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Arango, Clay P.] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [Bernot, Melody J.] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [Burgin, Amy J.] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Helton, Ashley M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Johnson, Laura T.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [O'Brien, Jonathan M.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 8014, New Zealand. [Sobota, Daniel J.] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. RP Beaulieu, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM beaulieu.jake@epa.gov RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012; O'Brien, Jonathan/G-6786-2012; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Burgin, Amy/G-7444-2014; Arango Lopez, Celso/H-6433-2015; McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Burgin, Amy/C-1528-2010; OI Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203; Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002; Arango Lopez, Celso/0000-0003-3382-4754; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002; Sheibley, Richard/0000-0003-1627-8536 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0111410]; National Science Foundation's Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) network FX We are grateful to N.E. Ostrom for assistance with stable isotope measurements of N2 and N2O and G. P. Robertson for comments on the manuscript. We thank the US Forest Service, National Park Service, and many private landowners for permission to conduct experiments on their lands. We also acknowledge the many workers who helped with the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen experiments. Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0111410). The National Science Foundation's Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) network hosted many of the study sites included in this research and partially supported several of the authors during the project. We specifically acknowledge Andrews, Central Arizona-Phoenix, Coweeta, Kellogg Biological Station, Konza, Luquillo, Plum Island, and Sevilleta NSF-LTERs for support. NR 41 TC 141 Z9 158 U1 13 U2 186 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 BP 214 EP 219 DI 10.1073/pnas.1011464108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702SG UT WOS:000285915000042 PM 21173258 ER PT J AU Brown, D Cabe, J Stout, T AF Brown, Daryl Cabe, Jim Stout, Tyson TI National lab uses OGJ data to develop cost equations SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Brown, Daryl; Cabe, Jim; Stout, Tyson] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brown, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM daryl.brown@pnl.gov; james.cabe@pnl.gov; tyson.stout@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 109 IS 1 BP 108 EP 111 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 705TE UT WOS:000286160000027 ER PT J AU Choi, EM Patnaik, S Weal, E Sahonta, SL Wang, H Bi, Z Xiong, J Blamire, MG Jia, QX MacManus-Driscoll, JL AF Choi, E. -M. Patnaik, S. Weal, E. Sahonta, S. -L. Wang, H. Bi, Z. Xiong, J. Blamire, M. G. Jia, Q. X. MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. TI Strong room temperature magnetism in highly resistive strained thin films of BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BIMNO3; PEROVSKITE; BIFEO3 AB We report highly resistive strongly ferromagnetic strained thin (similar to 30 nm) films of BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3 (BFMO) grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The films are tetragonal with high epitaxial quality and phase-purity. The magnetic moment and coercivity values at room temperature are 90 emu/cc (0.58 mu(B)/B-site ion) at H = 3 kOe and 274 Oe, respectively. The magnetic transition temperature is strongly enhanced up to similar to 600 K, which is similar to 500 K higher than for pure bulk BiMnO3. Strained BFMO is a potential room temperature spin filter material for magnetic tunnel devices. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3540683] C1 [Choi, E. -M.; Patnaik, S.; Weal, E.; Sahonta, S. -L.; Blamire, M. G.; MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. [Wang, H.; Bi, Z.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Xiong, J.; Jia, Q. X.; MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Choi, EM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. EM jld35@cam.ac.uk RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 FU EPSRC [EP/E058078]; ERC [ERC-2009-AdG 247276 NOVOX]; Commonwealth scholarship fund; Korean Government [NRF-2009-352-C0025]; U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-0709831, 1007969]; U.S. Department of Energy; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) FX J.L.M.-D. would like to thank EPSRC (Grant No. EP/E058078) and the ERC (Grant No. ERC-2009-AdG 247276 NOVOX) for supporting this work. S.P. acknowledges the Commonwealth scholarship fund. E.-M.C. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (Grant No. NRF-2009-352-C0025). H.W. would like to thank the U.S. National Science Foundation (Ceramic Program, Grant Nos. NSF-0709831 and 1007969). Q.X.J. and J.L.M.-D. acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD program and the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) for this work. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 43 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 012509 DI 10.1063/1.3540683 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800052 ER PT J AU Fang, H Madsen, M Carraro, C Takei, K Kim, HS Plis, E Chen, SY Krishna, S Chueh, YL Maboudian, R Javey, A AF Fang, Hui Madsen, Morten Carraro, Carlo Takei, Kuniharu Kim, Ha Sul Plis, Elena Chen, Szu-Ying Krishna, Sanjay Chueh, Yu-Lun Maboudian, Roya Javey, Ali TI Strain engineering of epitaxially transferred, ultrathin layers of III-V semiconductor on insulator SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; INAS AB Strain state of ultrathin InAs-on-insulator layers obtained from an epitaxial transfer process is studied. The as-grown InAs epilayer (10-20 nm thick) on the GaSb/AlGaSb source wafer has the expected similar to 0.62% tensile strain. The strain is found to fully release during the epitaxial transfer of the InAs layer onto a Si/SiO(2) substrate. In order to engineer the strain of the transferred InAs layers, a ZrO(x) cap was used during the transfer process to effectively preserve the strain. The work presents an important advance toward the control of materials properties of III-V on insulator layers. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3537963] C1 [Fang, Hui; Madsen, Morten; Takei, Kuniharu; Kim, Ha Sul; Javey, Ali] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fang, Hui; Madsen, Morten; Carraro, Carlo; Takei, Kuniharu; Kim, Ha Sul; Maboudian, Roya; Javey, Ali] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Plis, Elena; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Plis, Elena; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Chen, Szu-Ying; Chueh, Yu-Lun] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. RP Fang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ajavey@berkeley.edu RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Madsen, Morten/K-8597-2012; Fang, Hui/I-8973-2014; Javey, Ali/B-4818-2013; Chueh, Yu-Lun/E-2053-2013; OI Fang, Hui/0000-0002-4651-9786; Chueh, Yu-Lun/0000-0002-0155-9987; Madsen, Morten/0000-0001-6503-0479 FU MARCO/MSD Focus Center; NSF Energy Efficient Electronics Science Center, NSF [DMR-0804646]; AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0202]; Nation Science Council, Taiwan NSC [99-2628-E-007-006]; LDRD from LBNL; Sloan research fellowship; Sunchon National University; Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences FX This work was financially supported by MARCO/MSD Focus Center, NSF Energy Efficient Electronics Science Center, NSF (Grant No. DMR-0804646), AFOSR (Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0202, and Nation Science Council, Taiwan NSC Grant No. 99-2628-E-007-006). The materials characterization of this work was funded by a LDRD from LBNL. A.J. acknowledges a Sloan research fellowship, and support from the World Class University program at Sunchon National University. M.M. acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 012111 DI 10.1063/1.3537963 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800040 ER PT J AU Lam, NQ AF Lam, Nghi Q. TI Untitled SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Editorial Off, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lam, NQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Editorial Off, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM apl@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 010401 DI 10.1063/1.3533024 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800001 ER PT J AU Winkler, TE Stone, PR Li, TA Yu, KM Bonanni, A Dubon, OD AF Winkler, T. E. Stone, P. R. Li, Tian Yu, K. M. Bonanni, A. Dubon, O. D. TI Compensation-dependence of magnetic and electrical properties in Ga1-xMnxP SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID V FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS AB We demonstrate the control of the hole concentration in Ga1-xMnxP over a wide range by introducing compensating vacancies. The resulting evolution of the Curie temperature from 51 to 7.5 K is remarkably similar to that observed in Ga1-xMnxAs despite the dramatically different character of hole transport between the two material systems. The highly localized nature of holes in Ga1-xMnxP is reflected in the accompanying increase in resistivity by many orders of magnitude. Based on variable-temperature resistivity data we present a general picture for hole conduction in which variable-range hopping is the dominant transport mechanism in the presence of compensation. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3535957] C1 [Winkler, T. E.; Stone, P. R.; Yu, K. M.; Dubon, O. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Winkler, T. E.; Stone, P. R.; Yu, K. M.; Dubon, O. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Winkler, T. E.; Li, Tian; Bonanni, A.] Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Halbleiter & Festkorperphys, A-4040 Linz, Austria. RP Winkler, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alberta.bonanni@jku.at; oddubon@berkeley.edu RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Bonanni, Alberta/C-1411-2008; Li, Tian/N-7356-2013; Winkler, Thomas/H-3369-2011 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Bonanni, Alberta/0000-0003-4425-0346; Winkler, Thomas/0000-0002-2331-4833 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; European Research Council; Austrian Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) [P22477, P20065, N107-NAN]; NSF; Marshall Plan Scholarship FX The work at Berkeley (sample synthesis, electrical and magnetic characterization, ion beam analysis) was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The work at Linz (structural characterization) was supported by the European Research Council through the FunDMS Advanced Grant within the "Ideas" 7th Framework Programme of the EC, and by the Austrian Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) (Grant Nos. P22477, P20065, and N107-NAN). We thank R. Jakiela for SIMS measurements. P.R.S. acknowledges support from an NSF fellowship, T.E.W. from a Marshall Plan Scholarship. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 012103 DI 10.1063/1.3535957 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800032 ER PT J AU Kumar, RS Antonio, D Kanagaraj, M Arumugam, S Prakash, J Sinogeikin, S Thakur, GS Ganguli, AK Cornelius, A Zhao, YS AF Kumar, Ravhi S. Antonio, Daniel Kanagaraj, M. Arumugam, S. Prakash, J. Sinogeikin, Stanislav Thakur, Gohil S. Ganguli, A. K. Cornelius, Andrew Zhao, Yusheng TI Pressure induced structural transition and enhancement of superconductivity in Co doped CeFeAsO SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The superconducting CeFe1-xCoxAsO (Co=0.1) oxyarsenide with a transition temperature (T-c) 11.4 K has been investigated by in situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction, magnetization, and resistivity measurements. The experiments performed at 10 K up to 6 GPa and at room temperature (RT) up to 55 GPa indicate large anisotropic lattice compression. A pressure induced structural change to a collapsed tetragonal structure is observed above 10 GPa at RT. We report here the enhancement of T-c from 11.4 to 12.3 K with a small increase in pressure up to 0.4 GPa and is first observed in an electron doped Ce-1111 system. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3536521] C1 [Kumar, Ravhi S.; Antonio, Daniel; Cornelius, Andrew; Zhao, Yusheng] Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr HiPSEC, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Kumar, Ravhi S.; Antonio, Daniel; Cornelius, Andrew; Zhao, Yusheng] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Kanagaraj, M.; Arumugam, S.] Bharathidasan Univ, Sch Phys, Ctr High Pressure Res, Tiruchchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India. [Prakash, J.; Thakur, Gohil S.; Ganguli, A. K.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, New Delhi 110016, India. [Sinogeikin, Stanislav] Argonne Natl Lab, Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kumar, RS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr HiPSEC, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM ravhi@physics.unlv.edu RI Cornelius, Andrew/A-9837-2008; Kumar, Ravhi/B-8427-2012; Kanagaraj, M/P-8586-2014; Thakur, Gohil /P-4500-2016; OI Thakur, Gohil /0000-0002-1362-2357; Kumar, Ravhi/0000-0002-1967-1619 FU DOE-NNSA; DOE-BES; NSF; DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; (U.S.) Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-FC52-06NA26274]; DST, Government of India; CSIR, Government of India; DST, New Delhi; UGC, New Delhi FX Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV, and LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOE-BES, and NSF. APS is supported by DOE-BES under Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The UNLV High Pressure Science and Engineering Center was supported by the (U.S.) Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, under Grant No. DE-FC52-06NA26274. Work at IIT Delhi was supported by a grant to AKG by DST, Government of India and fellowship to Jaiprakash by CSIR, Government of India. The authors S. A. and M. K. wish to thank DST, New Delhi and UGC, New Delhi for the financial support of this research work. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 012511 DI 10.1063/1.3536521 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800054 ER PT J AU Levander, AX Tong, T Yu, KM Suh, J Fu, D Zhang, R Lu, H Schaff, WJ Dubon, O Walukiewicz, W Cahill, DG Wu, J AF Levander, A. X. Tong, T. Yu, K. M. Suh, J. Fu, D. Zhang, R. Lu, H. Schaff, W. J. Dubon, O. Walukiewicz, W. Cahill, D. G. Wu, J. TI Effects of point defects on thermal and thermoelectric properties of InN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTIVITY; THERMOREFLECTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT; FILMS; GAP AB In contrast to most semiconductors, electrical conductivity of InN is known to increase upon high-energy particle irradiation. The effects of irradiation on its thermal and thermoelectric properties have yet to be investigated. Here we report the thermal conductivity of high-quality InN to be 120 W/m K and examine the effects of point defects generated by irradiation on the thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. We show that irradiation can be used to modulate the thermal and thermoelectric properties of InN by controlling point defect concentrations. The thermoelectric figure of merit of InN was found to be insensitive to irradiation. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3536507] C1 [Levander, A. X.; Suh, J.; Fu, D.; Dubon, O.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Levander, A. X.; Yu, K. M.; Suh, J.; Dubon, O.; Walukiewicz, W.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tong, T.; Cahill, D. G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fu, D.; Zhang, R.; Lu, H.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Elect Sci & Engn, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Adv Photon & Elect Mat, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Schaff, W. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Levander, AX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wuj@berkeley.edu RI Fu, Deyi/C-6624-2011; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Cahill, David/B-3495-2014 OI Fu, Deyi/0000-0003-1365-8963; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-0932905]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [FA9550-08-1-0407]; Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project of China [2011CB301901] FX The materials processing and data analysis in this work were supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CBET-0932905. The irradiation work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. A.L. acknowledges a NSF graduate research fellowship. The TDTR measurement was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI Grant No. FA9550-08-1-0407. D. Fu and R. Zhang acknowledge support by Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project of China (Grant No. 2011CB301901). NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 1 AR 012108 DI 10.1063/1.3536507 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703VQ UT WOS:000286009800037 ER PT J AU Ragusa, MJ Allaire, M Nairn, AC Page, R Peti, W AF Ragusa, Michael J. Allaire, Marc Nairn, Angus C. Page, Rebecca Peti, Wolfgang TI Flexibility in the PP1: spinophilin holoenzyme SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE PP1; Spinophilin; Small angle X-ray scattering; Flexibility; BILBOMD ID STRUCTURAL BASIS; SCATTERING; PROTEINS AB Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) interacts with similar to 200 regulatory proteins to form holoenzymes, which target PP1 to specific locations and regulate its specificity. While it is known that many PP1 regulatory proteins are dynamic in the unbound state, much less is known about the residual flexibility after PP1 holoenzyme formation. Here, we have used small angle X-ray scattering to investigate the flexibility of the PP1: spinophilin holoenzyme in solution. Collectively, our data shows that the PP1: spinophilin holoenzyme is dynamic in solution, which allows for an increased capture radius of spinophilin and is likely important for its biological role. Structured summary: MINT-8057915:PP1-alpha (uniprotkb:P62136) and Spinophilin (uniprotkb:O35274) bind (MI:0407) by x ray scattering (MI: 0826) (C) 2010 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peti, Wolfgang] Brown Univ, Dept Mol Pharmacol Physiol & Biotechnol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Ragusa, Michael J.; Page, Rebecca] Brown Univ, Dept Mol Biol Cell Biol & Biochem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Allaire, Marc] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nairn, Angus C.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA. RP Peti, W (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Mol Pharmacol Physiol & Biotechnol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM wolfgang_peti@brown.edu RI Peti, Wolfgang/L-3492-2014; OI Nairn, Angus/0000-0002-7075-0195 FU National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [R01NS056128]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors thank Dr. Lin Yang (NSLS) for his support at beamline X9 and Dr. Michal Hammel (LBL) for help with BILBOMD. The project described was supported by Grant R01NS056128 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke to W. P. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 585 IS 1 BP 36 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.11.022 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 702UN UT WOS:000285921500006 PM 21094159 ER PT J AU Dai, JC Gupta, S Corbett, JD AF Dai, Jing-Cao Gupta, Shalabh Corbett, John D. TI Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of BaTl4. Size Effects on Encapsulation of Cations in Electron-Poor Metal Networks SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLAR INTERMETALLIC STRUCTURES; PRISMATIC ENVIRONMENTS; GOLD SUBSTITUTION; ELEMENTS; INDIDES; CHALCOGENIDES; STABILITY; CHEMISTRY; EXAMPLES; PHASE AB The synthesis, structure, and bonding of BaTl4 are described [C2/m, Z=4, a=12.408(3), b=5.351(1), c=10.383(2) angstrom, beta=116.00(3)degrees]. Pairs of edge-sharing Tl pentagons are condensed to generate a network of pentagonal biprisms along b that encapsulate Ba atoms. Alternating levels of prisms along c afford six more bifunctional Tl atoms about the waists of the biprisms, giving Ba a coordination number of 16. Each Tl atom is bonded to five to seven other Tl atoms and to three to five Ba atoms. There is also strong evidence that Hg substitutes preferentially in the shared edges of the Tl biprisms in BaHg0.80Tl3.20 to generate more strongly bound Hg-2 dimers. Cations that are too small relative to the dimensions of the surrounding polyanionic network make this BaTl4 structure (and for SrIn4 and perhaps EuIn4 as well) one stable alternative to tetragonal BaAl4-type structures in which cations are bound in larger hexagon-faced nets, as for BaIn4 and SrGa4. Characteristic condensation and augmentation of cation-centered prismatic units is common among many relatively cation- and electron-poor, polar derivatives of Zintl phases gain stability. At the other extreme, the large family of Frank-Kasper phases in which the elements exhibit larger numbers of bonded neighbors are sometimes referred to as orbitally rich. C1 [Dai, Jing-Cao; Gupta, Shalabh; Corbett, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dai, Jing-Cao; Gupta, Shalabh; Corbett, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dai, Jing-Cao] Huaqiao Univ, Inst Mat Phys Chem, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu RI Gupta, Shalabh/H-6214-2012; Dai, Jing-Cao/G-8427-2012 FU Office of the Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; NSFC [50971063] FX The authors are indebted to Gordon Miller for advice on several theoretical matters. This research was principally supported by the Office of the Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and was carried out in the facilitates of the Ames Laboratory. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Iowa State University under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. J.-C.D. also thanks the NSFC (Grant 50971063) for support. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 238 EP 244 DI 10.1021/ic1018828 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 697ZK UT WOS:000285559800028 PM 21138304 ER PT J AU Top, S Efremenko, I Rager, MN Vessieres, A Yaswen, P Jaouen, G Fish, RH AF Top, Siden Efremenko, Irene Rager, Marie Noelle Vessieres, Anne Yaswen, Paul Jaouen, Gerard Fish, Richard H. TI Synthetic and Mechanistic Pathways of Cis and Trans-Hydroxytamoxifen Drug Derivatives Reacting with Cp*Rh Complexes that involve eta(1)-N, eta(2)-N,O, eta(1)-O, and eta(6) Bonding Modes, via a Novel N-pi Rearrangement; Relative Binding Affinities and Computer Docking Studies of Cis and Trans-eta(6)-Cp*Rh-Hydroxytamoxifen Complexes at the Estrogen, ER alpha and ER beta Receptors, and Growth Inhibition to Breast Cancer Cells SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BIOORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; WATER; LIGANDS; TAMOXIFEN; NITROGEN; CATION AB The reactions of the breast cancer drug metabolite derivatives of tamoxifen, cis and trans-hydroxytamoxifen, cis-1 and trans-2, with [Cp*Rh(L)(3)](2+) complexes (L=H2O or MeOH), in CH2Cl2 and CH3OH solvents, initially provided the kinetic eta(1)-N complexes, cls-4 (OTf- CH3OH) and trans-5 (OTf- CH3OH), which underwent a novel, regioselective, intramolecular N-pi rearrangement to give the cis and trans-eta(6)-phenol substituted complexes, cis-6 and trans-7, via eta(2)-N,O, eta(1)-O, and ether aromatic ring eta(6) intermediates. Recent density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed a preferred ground state for eta(1)-N; eta(2).N,O; eta(1)-O; and the eta(6) complexes, including the prominent roles of the triflate anion (OTf-) and solvent molecules (CH2Cl2 and CH3OH), and provided further steric, electronic, and thermodynamic data on the mechanism of the N-pi rearrangement. The eta(6) complex, cis-6, was shown to be an antagonist for ER alpha estrogen receptor binding, in a competition experiment with the female hormone, estradiol; therefore, computer docking studies of this biologically active complex at the estrogen receptors, ER alpha and ER beta, also provided information on the binding modes and thermodynamic parameters, while bioassay results provided growth inhibition data on both hormone dependent and independent breast cancer cell lines. C1 [Yaswen, Paul; Fish, Richard H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Top, Siden; Vessieres, Anne; Jaouen, Gerard] Ecole Natl Super Chim Paris, Lab Charles Friedel, UMR 7223, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Efremenko, Irene] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Organ Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Rager, Marie Noelle] Ecole Natl Super Chim Paris, Lab RMN, F-75213 Paris 05, France. RP Fish, RH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rhfish@lbl.gov RI Efremenko, Irena/C-2169-2009; Jaouen, Gerard/O-9927-2016; Vessieres, Anne/A-6916-2008 OI Jaouen, Gerard/0000-0001-5471-113X; Vessieres, Anne/0000-0002-4044-2730 FU Department of Energy [DE AC02-05CH11231]; Ministry of Immigrant Absorption, State of Israel; Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Molecular Design, the Israel Science Foundation [709/05]; Minerva Foundation; Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry; CNRS (UMR 7576); Office of Energy Research, Office of Health and Biological Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE- AC02-05CH11231] FX R.H.F. gratefully acknowledges the Department of Energy under Contract No. DE AC02-05CH11231, Paul J. Dyson of the EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, for a visiting professorship in 2004, where the initial synthetic experiments were performed, and a visiting professorship at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, in 2006, where the DFT calculations (reference 6) were initiated, including the presented estrogen receptor docking studies. I.E. gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the Ministry of Immigrant Absorption, State of Israel. Research at the Weizmann Institute of Science was supported by the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Molecular Design, the Israel Science Foundation (Grant 709/05), the Minerva Foundation, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry. S.T., A.V., M.-N.R., and G.J. acknowledge CNRS (UMR 7576) funding for the Bioorganometallic Chemistry program at ENSCP. P.Y. was supported by the Office of Energy Research, Office of Health and Biological Research, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02-05CH11231. The previous paper in this series: Bioorganometallic Chemistry 18. I. Efremenko, S. Top, J. M. L. Martin, R. H. Fish, Dalton Trans. 2009, 4334 (special issue on Bioorganometallic Chemistry). NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 271 EP 284 DI 10.1021/ic1019372 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 697ZK UT WOS:000285559800032 PM 21121684 ER PT J AU Kugai, J Miller, JT Guo, N Song, CS AF Kugai, Junichiro Miller, Jeffrey T. Guo, Neng Song, Chunshan TI Oxygen-enhanced water gas shift on ceria-supported Pd-Cu and Pt-Cu bimetallic catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Water gas shift (WGS); Oxygen-enhanced WGS (OWGS); Pd-Cu; Pt-Cu; Cu; Catalyst; Bimetallic catalyst; Fuel processing for fuel cells ID SELECTIVE CO OXIDATION; PEM FUEL-CELL; CARBON-MONOXIDE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CUO/CEO2 CATALYSTS; METAL CATALYSTS; HYDROGEN PROX; DOPED CERIA; REDUCTION; KINETICS AB Aiming at enhancing H-2 production in water gas shift (WGS) for fuel cell application, a small amount of oxygen was added to WGS reaction toward oxygen-enhanced water gas shift (OWGS) on ceria-supported bimetallic Pd-Cu and Pt-Cu catalysts. Both CO conversion and H-2 yield were found to increase by the oxygen addition. The remarkable enhancement of H-2 production by O-2 addition in short contact time was attributed to the enhanced shift reaction, rather than the oxidation of CO on catalyst surface. The strong dependence of H-2 production rate on CO concentration in OWGS kinetic study suggested O-2 lowers the CO surface coverage. It was proposed that O-2 breaks down the domain structure of chemisorbed CO into smaller domains to increase the chance for coreactant (H2O) to participate in the reaction and the heat of exothermic surface reaction helping to enhance WGS kinetics. Pt-Cu and Pd-Cu bimetallic catalysts were found to be superior to monometallic catalysts for both CO conversion and H-2 production for OWGS at 300 degrees C or lower, while the superiority of bimetallic catalysts was not as pronounced in WGS. These catalytic properties were correlated with the structure of the bimetallic catalysts. EXAFS spectra indicated that Cu forms alloys with Pt and with Pd. TPR demonstrated the strong interaction between the two metals causing the reduction temperature of Cu to decrease upon Pd or Pt addition. The transient pulse desorption rate of CO2 from Pd-Cu supported on CeO2 is faster than that of Pd, suggesting the presence of Cu in Pd-Cu facilitate CO2 desorption from Pd catalyst. The oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of CeO2 in the bimetallic catalysts indicates that Cu is much less pyrophoric in the bimetallic catalysts due to lower O-2 uptake compared to monometallic Cu. These significant changes in structure and electronic properties of the bimetallic catalysts are the result of highly dispersed Pt or Pd in the Cu nanoparticles. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kugai, Junichiro; Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kugai, Junichiro; Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Miller, Jeffrey T.; Guo, Neng] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Energy Div, Argonne, IL 60430 USA. RP Song, CS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, EMS Energy Inst, 209 Acad Projects Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM csong@psu.edu RI Song, Chunshan/B-3524-2008; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; Guo, Neng/A-3223-2013; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 OI Song, Chunshan/0000-0003-2344-9911; FU US Office of Naval Research; US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [W-31-109-Eng-38]; Department of Energy; MRCAT member institutions FX We wish to thank the US Office of Naval Research and US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory for partial support of this work on liquid fuel processing for fuel cells. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science (DOE-BES-SC), under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. We are also grateful to Rhodia Co. for generously providing CeO2 support material. NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 13 U2 115 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 277 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.10.014 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 712XT UT WOS:000286700300005 ER PT J AU Gaharwar, AK Schexnailder, PJ Dundigalla, A White, JD Matos-Perez, CR Cloud, JL Seifert, S Wilker, JJ Schmidt, G AF Gaharwar, Akhilesh K. Schexnailder, Patrick J. Dundigalla, Avinash White, James D. Matos-Perez, Cristina R. Cloud, Joshua L. Seifert, Soenke Wilker, Jonathan J. Schmidt, Gudrun TI Highly Extensible Bio-Nanocomposite Fibers SO MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bio-nanocomposites; fibers; mechanical properties; poly(ethylene oxide); silicates ID LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; CLAY; HYDROGELS; CRYSTALLIZATION; DISPERSIONS; ORIENTATION; COMPOSITES; RESPONSES AB Here, we show that a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer can be physically cross-linked with silicate nanoparticles (Laponite) to yield highly extensible, bio-nanocomposite fibers that, upon pulling, stretch to extreme lengths and crystallize polymer chains. We find that both, nanometer structures and mechanical properties of the fibers respond to mechanical deformation by exhibiting strain-induced crystallization and high elongation. We explore the structural characteristics using X-ray scattering and the mechanical properties of the dried fibers made from hydrogels in order to determine feasibility for eventual biomedical use and to map out directions for further materials development. C1 [Gaharwar, Akhilesh K.; Schexnailder, Patrick J.; Schmidt, Gudrun] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dundigalla, Avinash] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [White, James D.; Matos-Perez, Cristina R.; Cloud, Joshua L.; Wilker, Jonathan J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Seifert, Soenke] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schmidt, G (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM gudrun@purdue.edu RI Gaharwar, Akhilesh/C-5856-2009; Gaharwar, Akhilesh/A-2002-2014 OI Gaharwar, Akhilesh/0000-0002-0284-0201; Gaharwar, Akhilesh/0000-0002-0284-0201 FU National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research FX This research has been supported in part by a National Science Foundation Career award (GS) and the Office of Naval Research (JJW). NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1336 J9 MACROMOL RAPID COMM JI Macromol. Rapid Commun. PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 32 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 DI 10.1002/marc.201000556 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 701CY UT WOS:000285793100006 PM 21432969 ER PT J AU Sobierajski, R Bruijn, S Khorsand, AR Louis, E de Kruijs, RWEV Burian, T Chalupsky, J Cihelka, J Gleeson, A Grzonka, J Gullikson, EM Hajkova, V Hau-Riege, S Juha, L Jurek, M Klinger, D Krzywinski, J London, R Pelka, JB Plocinski, T Rasinski, M Tiedtke, K Toleikis, S Vysin, L Wabnitz, H Bijkerk, F AF Sobierajski, R. Bruijn, S. Khorsand, A. R. Louis, E. de Kruijs, R. W. E. van Burian, T. Chalupsky, J. Cihelka, J. Gleeson, A. Grzonka, J. Gullikson, E. M. Hajkova, V. Hau-Riege, S. Juha, L. Jurek, M. Klinger, D. Krzywinski, J. London, R. Pelka, J. B. Plocinski, T. Rasinski, M. Tiedtke, K. Toleikis, S. Vysin, L. Wabnitz, H. Bijkerk, F. TI Damage mechanisms of MoN/SiN multilayer optics for next-generation pulsed XUV light sources SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; ION-BOMBARDMENT; LITHOGRAPHY; RADIATION; FILMS AB We investigated the damage mechanism of MoN/SiN multilayer XUV optics under two extreme conditions: thermal annealing and irradiation with single shot intense XUV pulses from the free-electron laser facility in Hamburg - FLASH. The damage was studied "post-mortem" by means of X-ray diffraction, interference-polarizing optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Although the timescale of the damage processes and the damage threshold temperatures were different (in the case of annealing it was the dissociation temperature of Mo(2)N and in the case of XUV irradiation it was the melting temperature of MoN) the main damage mechanism is very similar: molecular dissociation and the formation of N(2), leading to bubbles inside the multilayer structure. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Sobierajski, R.; Bruijn, S.; Khorsand, A. R.; Louis, E.; de Kruijs, R. W. E. van; Bijkerk, F.] EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Sobierajski, R.; Jurek, M.; Klinger, D.; Pelka, J. B.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. [Burian, T.; Chalupsky, J.; Cihelka, J.; Hajkova, V.; Juha, L.; Vysin, L.] Inst Phys AS CR, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic. [Cihelka, J.] J Heyrovsky Inst Phys Chem ASCR, Prague 18223 8, Czech Republic. [Gleeson, A.] CCRLC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Grzonka, J.; Plocinski, T.; Rasinski, M.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-02507 Warsaw, Poland. [Gullikson, E. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hau-Riege, S.; London, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Krzywinski, J.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Tiedtke, K.; Toleikis, S.; Wabnitz, H.] Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Bijkerk, F.] Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, Enschede, Netherlands. RP Sobierajski, R (reprint author), EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, Edisonbaan 14, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. EM ryszard.sobierajski@ifpan.edu.pl RI Sobierajski, Ryszard/E-7619-2012; Plocinski, Tomasz/B-2857-2014; Vysin, Ludek/G-6885-2014; Hajkova, Vera/G-9391-2014; Chalupsky, Jaromir/H-2079-2014; Burian, Tomas/H-3236-2014; Klinger, Dorota/K-8819-2016; Pelka, Jerzy/S-8587-2016; OI Burian, Tomas/0000-0003-3982-9978; Pelka, Jerzy/0000-0002-1863-8219; Plocinski, Tomasz/0000-0003-3325-3904; Rasinski, Marcin/0000-0001-6277-4421 FU Peak-Brightness-Collaboration [II-20022049 EC]; Carl Zeiss SMT AG; Oberkochen; 'Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM)'; 'Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)'; AgentschapNL; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland, SPB [DESY/68/2007]; National Research Centers program [LC510, LC528]; program INGO [LA08024]; Czech Science Foundation [202/08/H057]; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [Z10100523, IAA400100701, KAN300100702]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Experiments at FLASH have been performed within the framework of the Peak-Brightness-Collaboration (project II-20022049 EC). Support from the PBC and the operators of the FLASH facility are gratefully acknowledged. This work has been partially carried out in the frame of the FOM Industrial Partnership Programme I10 (XMO) which is supported by Carl Zeiss SMT AG, Oberkochen and the 'Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM)', the latter being supported by the 'Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)'. Additional support via the AgentschapNL (EXEPT project) is acknowledged. This work has also been supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland, SPB nr. DESY/68/2007, the Czech Ministry of Education from the National Research Centers program (Projects LC510 and LC528) and program INGO (Grant LA08024), Czech Science Foundation (Grant 202/08/H057), by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Grants Z10100523, IAA400100701, and KAN300100702) and by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 19 IS 1 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1364/OE.19.000193 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 702SJ UT WOS:000285915300031 PM 21263557 ER PT J AU Sato, M Ichiki, K Takeuchi, TT AF Sato, Masanori Ichiki, Kiyotomo Takeuchi, Tsutomu T. TI Copula cosmology: Constructing a likelihood function SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GALAXY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; COSMIC SHEAR; FIELD; SIMULATIONS; CONSTRAINTS; STATISTICS; ENERGY; MATTER; WIDE AB To estimate cosmological parameters from a given data set, we need to construct a likelihood function, which sometimes has a complicated functional form. We introduce the copula, a mathematical tool to construct an arbitrary multivariate distribution function from one-dimensional marginal distribution functions with any given dependence structure. It is shown that a likelihood function constructed by the so-called Gaussian copula can reproduce very well the n-dimensional probability distribution of the cosmic shear power spectrum obtained from a large number of ray-tracing simulations. This suggests that the Copula likelihood will be a powerful tool for future weak lensing analyses, instead of the conventional multivariate Gaussian likelihood. C1 [Sato, Masanori; Ichiki, Kiyotomo] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Sato, Masanori] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.] Nagoya Univ, Inst Adv Res, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. RP Sato, M (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. EM masanori@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp FU JSPS; Program for Improvement of Research Environment for Young Researchers from Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology; MEXT of Japan [467]; [20740105]; [21740177]; [22012004] FX M. S. is supported by the JSPS. T. T. T. has been supported by the Program for Improvement of Research Environment for Young Researchers from Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology. This work is partially supported by the Grant-in-Aid for the Scientific Research Fund 20740105 (T. T. T), 21740177, 22012004 (K. I.) and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas No. 467 "Probing the Dark Energy through an Extremely Wide and Deep Survey with Subaru Telescope" commissioned by the MEXT of Japan. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. 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Zhuravlov, V. Zilka, B. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zmouchko, V. V. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Zolnierowski, Y. Zsenei, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for quark contact interactions in dijet angular distributions in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE ATLAS; LHC; 7 TeV; Dijets angular distributions; Quark compositeness; Contact interactions ID COLLIDER AB Dijet angular distributions from the first LHC pp collisions at center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV have been measured with the ATLAS detector. The dataset used for this analysis represents an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb(-1). Dijet chi distributions and centrality ratios have been measured up to dijet masses of 2.8 TeV, and found to be in good agreement with Standard Model predictions. 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[Ay, C.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Park, S. J.; Park, W.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Belhorma, B.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; De Saintignon, P.; Delsart, P. A.; Donini, J.; Dzahini, D.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Trocme, B.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS IN2P3, INPG, FR-38026 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Guimaraes da Costa, J. Barreiro; Belloni, A.; Black, K. M.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Kashif, L.; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Oliver, J.; Prasad, S.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Andrei, V.; Childers, J. T.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Foehlisch, E.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Radescu, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schoening, A.] Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] ZITI Ruprecht Karls Univ Heidelberg, Lehrstuhl Informat 5, DE-68131 Mannheim, Germany. [Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Higashihiroshima, Jp Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Saeki Ku, Hiroshima, Jp Hiroshima 7315193, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Egorov, K.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Manara, A.; Marino, C. P.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Rust, D. R.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Bischof, R.; Epp, B.; Girtler, P.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Schreiner, A.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Cochran, J.; Lebedev, A.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Nelson, A.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Triplett, N.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames High Energy Phys Grp, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Baranov, S.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Kalinovskaya, L. 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[Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kiyamura, H.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nada Ku, Jp Kobe 6578501, Japan. [Sasao, N.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Sakyou Ku, Kyoto, Jp Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Fushimi Ku, Kyoto, Jp Kyoto 6128522, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, FCE, Dept Fis, IFLP CONICET UNLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. [Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Catmore, J. R.; Cheatham, S.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; De Mora, L.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Sloan, T. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. [Bianco, M.; Brambilla, E.; Cataldi, G.; Cazzato, A.; Chiodini, G.; Coluccia, R.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, IT-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Brambilla, E.; Cazzato, A.; Coluccia, R.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, IT-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Austin, N.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Leney, K. J. C.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Prichard, P. M.; Sellers, G.; Vankov, P.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wiglesworth, C.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.] Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, R.; Beck, G. A.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Cooper, B. D.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Gnanvo, K. G.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Martin, A. J.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Traynor, D.] Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Phys, London E1 4NS, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Boorman, G.; Cooper-Smith, N. J.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Green, B.; Kilvington, G.; McGarvie, S.; McMahon, T. R.; Misiejuk, A.; Strong, J. A.; Tamsett, M. C.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernius, C.; Boeser, S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Byatt, T.; Campanelli, M.; Christidi, I. A.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Drohan, J. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Ozcan, V. E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Siegert, F.; Simmons, B.; Stefanidis, E.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Camard, A.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Le Dortz, O.; Lellouch, J.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, CNRS IN2P3, FR-75252 Paris 05, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Boelaert, N.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Ji, W.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjoernmark, J. 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D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Martyniuk, A. C.; Masik, J.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nasteva, I.; Nauyock, F.; On, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Plano, W. G.; Potter, K. P.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Tevlin, C. M.; Thompson, R. J.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C.; Benchouk, C.; Bernardet, K.; Cerna, C.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Correard, S.; Delpierre, P.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Hallewell, G. D.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Kuna, M.; Lapoire, C.; Le Guirriec, E.; Leveque, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Petit, E.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.; Zhang, H.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Thompson, E. N.; van Eldik, N.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M. -A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Mc Donald, J.; Nderitu, S. K.; Potter, C. T.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, High Energy Phys Grp, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davey, W.; Davidson, N.; Felzmann, C. U.; Kazi, S. I.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Au Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; De la Cruz-Burelo, E.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Strandberg, J.; Thun, R. P.; Wilson, A.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Randall Lab 2477, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Comune, G.; Di Mattia, A.; Ermoline, I.; Gonzalez-Pineiro, B.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Richards, R. A.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, High Energy Phys Grp, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Aleppo, M.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Ambrosio, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Banfi, D.; Battistoni, G.; Bellomo, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Caccia, M.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Coelli, S.; Costa, G.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Lari, T.; Lazzaro, A.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Sala, P.; Sorbi, M.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, IT-20133 Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Aleppo, M.; Andreazza, A.; Banfi, D.; Bellomo, G.; Besana, M. I.; Caccia, M.; Carminati, L.; Dell'Asta, L.; Fanti, M.; Lazzaro, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Rossi, L.; Sorbi, M.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, IT-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk 220072, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Kuzhir, P.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] NC PHEP BSU, Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk 220040, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Gutierrez, A.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Kayumov, F.; Komar, A. A.; Konovalov, S. P.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Vasilyeva, L.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, RU-117924 Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117218 Moscow, Russia. [Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Smirnov, S. Yu.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, RU-115409 Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys MSU SINP, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Biebel, O.; Binder, M.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Deile, M.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Krobath, G.; Kummer, C.; Lambacher, M.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Mameghani, R.; Merkl, D.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Rauscher, F.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, DE-85748 Garching, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dannheim, D.; Dedes, G.; Dietl, H.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Haertel, R.; Hauff, D.; Hott, T.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Rauter, E.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Schacht, P.; Schieck, J.; Seuster, R.; Stiller, W.; Stonjek, S.; Valderanis, C.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Yuan, J.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Jp Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Itoh, Y.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Caprio, M.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iacobucci, G.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Migliaccio, A.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Rossi, E.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, IT-80126 Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Caprio, M.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Migliaccio, A.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Rossi, E.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, IT-80126 Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. 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C.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; van der Poel, E.; Van Eijk, B.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Buis, E. J.; Colijn, A. P.; Dankers, R.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Doxiadis, A.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hendriks, P. J.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Koutsman, A.; Lee, H.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Muijs, A.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Peeters, S. J. M.; Peters, O.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Salamanna, G.; Sandstroem, R.; Scholte, R. C.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; van der Poel, E.; Van Eijk, B.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Kotov, K. Y.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Orlov, I.; Panin, V. N.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; Djilkibaev, R.; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Arms, K. E.; Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Moss, J.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mima, S.; Naito, D.; Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 7008530, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. 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C.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Heller, M.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Kado, M.; Lechowski, M.; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, P.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, IN2P3, CNRS, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.; Taga, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, NO-0316 Oslo 3, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Beauchemin, P. H.; Boddy, C. R.; Brett, N. D.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Buira-Clark, D.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dehchar, M.; Dennis, C.; Doglioni, C.; Farrington, S. M.; Ferrando, J.; Fiascaris, M.; Fopma, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gibson, S. M.; Gilbert, L. M.; Grewal, A.; Gwenlan, C.; Hawes, B. M.; Hindson, D.; Holmes, A.; Horton, K.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Jones, M.; Karagoz, M.; Kirsch, G. P.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lau, W.; Lavorato, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Lynn, J.; Mattravers, C.; Mermod, P.; Mitra, A.; Nickerson, R. B.; Ottewell, B.; Shield, P.; Tseng, J. C. -L.; Vertogardov, L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Wastie, R.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Yang, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Bellomo, M.; Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Goggi, V.; Lanza, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Prata, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, IT-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Goggi, V.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Prata, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, IT-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hance, M.; Hines, E.; Jackson, B.; Keener, P. T.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Munar, A.; Newcomer, F. M.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Van Berg, R.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, High Energy Phys Grp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Nesterov, S. Y.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Zalite, Yo. K.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zenonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Lupi, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zenonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Boulahouache, C.; Cleland, W.; Haboubi, G.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Tsulaia, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Benincasa, G. P.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fernandes, B.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Miguens, J. Machado; Martins, P. J. Magalhaes; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Morais, A.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, PT-1000149 Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Castro, N. F.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Castro, N. F.] CAFPE, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Bazalova, M.; Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Havranek, M.; Hruska, I.; Jahoda, M.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Kvasnicka, O.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Popule, J.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Stastny, J.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Tomasek, L.; Tomasek, M.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Reznicek, P.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CZ-16635 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Evdokimov, V. N.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Golovnia, S. N.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Kopikov, S. V.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Lapin, V. V.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Makouski, M.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Vovenko, A. S.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, A. V.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Dallison, S. J.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Fisher, S. M.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Greenfield, D.; Hart, J. C.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Qian, W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Villani, E. G.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Sci & Technol Facil Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Ming, Y.; Ortega, E. O.] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Shiga 5258577, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Bagnaia, P.; Bangert, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bini, C.; Boaretto, C.; Borroni, S.; Caioi, R.; Cavallari, A.; Ciapetti, G.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Di Domenico, A.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mirabelli, G.; Moch, M.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, IT-00185 Rome, Italy. [Bagnaia, P.; Biglietti, M.; Bini, C.; Boaretto, C.; Borroni, S.; Caioi, R.; Cavallari, A.; Ciapetti, G.; De Zorzi, G.; Di Domenico, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Moch, M.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Paoloni, A.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, IT-00133 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Nardo, R.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Paoloni, A.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Spiriti, E.; Spogli, L.; Stanescu, C.; Tonazzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, IT-00146 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Spogli, L.; Tonazzo, A.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, IT-00146 Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Goujdami, D.; Hoummada, A.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies RUPHE, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Ma Casablanca, Morocco. Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl CNESTEN, Rabat 10001, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.] Univ Mohamed Premier, LPTPM, Fac Sci, Oujda 60000, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui; Ghazlane, H.] Univ Mohammed 5, Fac Sci, Rabat 10000, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Chevallier, F.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gautard, V.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Le Menedeu, E.; Legendre, M.; Lenzi, B.; Mansoulie, B.; Marzin, A.; Meyer, J. -P.; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Ponsot, P.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Virchaux, M.] CEA, DSM IRFU, FR-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bangert, A.; Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Dubbs, T.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hansl-Kozanecka, T.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.; Spencer, E.; Taylor, G.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Daly, C. H.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Kuykendall, W.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Policicchio, A.; Rosati, S.; Rothberg, J.; Twomey, M. S.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Anastopoulos, C.; Booth, C. N.; Booth, P.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Harper, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, R.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Lehto, M.; Mayne, A.; Morgan, D.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Shaw, K.; Sutton, M. R.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Matsumoto, Jp Nagano 3908621, Japan. [Buchholz, R.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Sipica, V.; Stahl, T.; Walkowiak, W.; Werthenbach, U.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Komaragiri, J. R.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer, B.; Trottier-McDonald, M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Ca Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Asai, M.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kim, P. C.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Miller, D. W.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Wright, D.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Batkova, L.; Federic, P.; Lovas, L.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.; Zilka, B.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia. Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Vickey, T.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Geerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Hidvegi, A.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Lesser, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Ramstedt, M.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Geerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Hidvegi, A.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Ramstedt, M.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Grahn, K. -J.; Lund-Jensen, B.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Caputo, R.; Deluca, C.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Grimm, K.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Khodinov, A.; Khramov, E.; McCarthy, R. L.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Yurkewicz, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [De Santo, A.; Potter, C. J.; Salvatore, F.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Lee, J. S. H.; Patel, N.; Peak, L. S.; Saavedra, A. F.; Varvell, K. E.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Au Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhong, J.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Tw Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Behar Harpaz, S.; Ben Ami, S.; Bressler, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Landsman, H.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Tennenbaum-Katan, Y. D.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Technion, Il Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Urkovsky, E.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Div Nucl & Particle Phys, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Isobe, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kaneda, M.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Kubota, T.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Ninomiya, Y.; Nomoto, H.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Jp Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Isobe, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kaneda, M.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Kubota, T.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Ninomiya, Y.; Nomoto, H.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Jp Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Beare, B.; Borisov, A.; Brelier, B.; Carron Montero, S.; Cheung, S. L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Groer, L. S.; Guo, B.; Jankowski, E.; Joo, K. K.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Mayer, J. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Sandhu, P.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Kurchaninov, L. L.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Qing, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Idarraga, J.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Hara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Jp Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Hamilton, S.; Mann, W. A.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Navas, L. Mendoza; Navarro, G.; Romero, D. A. Roa; Rodriguez, D.] Univ Antonio Marino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Benedict, B. H.; Bold, T.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Corso-Radu, A.; Deng, J. J.; Dobson, M.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Hawkins, D.; Kolos, S.; Lankford, A. J.; Garcia, R. Murillo; Okawa, H.; Porter, R.; Schernau, M.; Stancu, S. N.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Suruliz, K.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, IT-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.; Suruliz, K.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, IT-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, IT-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. R.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Hansen, C. J.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Ctr Mixto UVEG CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis At Mol & Nucl, Dept Eng Elect, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C. A.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Ca Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Astbury, A.; Banerjee, Sw.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; McPherson, R. A.; Plamondon, M.; Poffenberger, P.; Sobie, R.; Taylor, R. P.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, WISE, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Alon, R.; Duchovni, E.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Carrillo Montoya, G. D.; Castaneda Hernandez, A. M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Fasching, D.; Ferguson, D.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Jared, R. C.; Ji, H.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Pan, Y. B.; Pataraia, S.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Peng, H.; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Xu, N.; Zhu, Y.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Liebig, W.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Dopke, J.; Drees, J.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Grah, C.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Imhaeuser, M.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Kind, P.; Kootz, A.; Kuhl, T.; Lenz, T.; Lenzen, G.; Lepidis, J.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sanny, B.; Sartisohn, G.; Schroers, M.; Schultes, J.; Siebel, A.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich C, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Atoian, G.; Auerbach, B.; Baker, O. K.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Golling, T.; Hsu, P. J.; Kaplan, B.; Kastoryano, M.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Poblaguev, A.; Schmidt, M. P.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Grabski, V.; Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, AM-375036 Yerevan, Armenia. TRIUMF, ATLAS Canada Tier Data Ctr 1, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. 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Szczygiel, Robert/B-5662-2011; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Rescia, Sergio/D-8604-2011; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Jakubek, Jan/E-6530-2011; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; valente, paolo/A-6640-2010; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Perrino, Roberto/B-4633-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; OI Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Pacheco Pages, Andres/0000-0001-8210-1734; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Popescu, Razvan/0000-0003-1989-764X; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; CARPENTIERI, CARMELA/0000-0002-2994-0317; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Martins, Paulo/0000-0003-3753-3751; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Battistoni, Giuseppe/0000-0003-3484-1724; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Mambelli, Marco/0000-0002-9489-2681; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Samset, Bjorn H./0000-0001-8013-1833; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Casado, Pilar/0000-0002-0394-5646; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Morone, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-0200-0632; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Nasteva, Irina/0000-0001-7115-7214; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Gnanvo, Kondo/0000-0002-5348-0664; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Bertolucci, Sergio/0000-0003-1738-4736; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Zambrano, Valentina/0000-0001-6213-8126; Della Volpe, Domenico/0000-0001-8530-7447; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Kuzhir, Polina/0000-0003-3689-0837; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Di Domenico, Antonio/0000-0001-8078-2759; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Rescia, Sergio/0000-0003-2411-8903; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Perrino, Roberto/0000-0002-5764-7337; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Romero-Maltrana, Diego/0000-0003-2550-5243; Pomarede, Daniel/0000-0003-2038-0488; Casadei, Diego/0000-0002-3343-3529; Mendes Saraiva, Joao Gentil/0000-0002-7006-0864; Salamanna, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0861-0052; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Quinonez Granados, Fernando Andres/0000-0002-0153-6160; Paoloni, Alessandro/0000-0002-4141-7799; Belanger-Champagne, Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia; ARC, Australia; DEST, Australia; Bundesministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Austria; National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan; State Committee on Science & Technologies of the Republic of Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FINEP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; Committee for Collaboration of the Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; European Commission, through the ARTEMIS Research Training Network; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; Georgian Academy of Sciences; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; Ministry of Education and Religion, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; Research Council of Norway; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; Ministry of Education and Research, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; JINR; Ministry of Science, Serbia; Department of International Science and Technology Cooperation; Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic; Slovenian Research Agency, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology, Slovenia; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain; Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; State Secretariat for Education and Science, Switzerland; Swiss National Science Foundation, Switzerland; Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; National Science Council, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic; GSRT, Greece; State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM; NWO, Netherlands FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia; ARC and DEST, Australia; Bundesministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Austria; National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan; State Committee on Science & Technologies of the Republic of Belarus; CNPq and FINEP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC, and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic, and Committee for Collaboration of the Czech Republic with CERN; DNRF, DNSRC and the Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; European Commission, through the ARTEMIS Research Training Network; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; Georgian Academy of Sciences; BMBF, DFG, HGF and MPG, Germany; Ministry of Education and Religion, through the EPEAEK program PYTHAGORAS II and GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP, and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; The Research Council of Norway; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; Ministry of Education and Research, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM; JINR; Ministry of Science, Serbia; Department of International Science and Technology Cooperation, Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic; Slovenian Research Agency, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology, Slovenia; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain; The Swedish Research Council, The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; State Secretariat for Education and Science, Swiss National Science Foundation, and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; National Science Council, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; The STFC, the Royal Society and The Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 25 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 694 IS 4-5 BP 327 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.10.021 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 710EW UT WOS:000286494700009 ER PT J AU Loh, O Wei, XD Ke, CH Sullivan, J Espinosa, HD AF Loh, Owen Wei, Xiaoding Ke, Changhong Sullivan, John Espinosa, Horacio D. TI Robust Carbon-Nanotube-Based Nano-electromechanical Devices: Understanding and Eliminating Prevalent Failure Modes Using Alternative Electrode Materials SO SMALL LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; WORK FUNCTION; NEMS DEVICES; NANORELAY; DEPOSITION; EMISSION; DIAMOND; ENERGY; MEMORY; GOLD C1 [Loh, Owen; Wei, Xiaoding; Espinosa, Horacio D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ke, Changhong] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Sullivan, John] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Espinosa, HD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM espinosa@northwestern.edu RI Espinosa, Horatio/B-6693-2009; Ke, Changhong/C-4064-2008; Wei, Xiaoding/A-9952-2011; OI Wei, Xiaoding/0000-0002-5173-4923; Ke, Changhong/0000-0002-5170-9859 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-08-1-0061]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0555734]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX HDE gratefully acknowledges support from the Army Research Office through award No. W911NF-08-1-0061, and the National Science Foundation through award No. CMMI-0555734. This work was performed in part at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000), and in part at the Center for Nanoscale Materials which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors gratefully acknowledge assistance from Tobin Filleter regarding nanomanipulation techniques and John Nogan in microfabrication of diamond-like carbon electrodes. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 J9 SMALL JI Small PD JAN 3 PY 2011 VL 7 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1002/smll.201001166 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 701DI UT WOS:000285794100009 PM 21104780 ER PT S AU Atanasiu, CV Moraru, A Zakharov, LE AF Atanasiu, C. V. Moraru, A. Zakharov, L. E. GP UNIV POLITEHNICA BUCHAREST TI MHD Modeling in Diverted Tokamak Configurations SO 2011 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ADVANCED TOPICS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (ATEE) SE International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE) CY MAY 12-14, 2011 CL Bucharest, ROMANIA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers ID MODES; STABILIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM; PLASMA AB In the advanced tokamak scenarios, plasma performance is strongly limited by the External Kink Mode (EKM) which, coupled inductively with a resistive wall, is transformed in a Resistive Wall Mode (RWM). In this paper we present our contribution to calculations of RWMs in diverted tokamak configurations. By choosing a coordinate system with straight field lines, we have calculated the vacuum field due to the helical perturbation of the EKM, by using the concept of surface currents via the single layer potential theory. The possible presence of a diverted tokamak plasma configuration has been taken into account. Finally, we have calculated the response of a nonuniform resistive wall to an external kink instability of a tokamak, taking toroidal and poloidal plasma rotations with respect to the wall into account. C1 [Atanasiu, C. V.] Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, Bucharest, Romania. [Moraru, A.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. [Zakharov, L. E.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Atanasiu, CV (reprint author), Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, Bucharest, Romania. EM cva@ipp.mpg.de FU European Commission; US DoE [DE-AC02-09-CH11466] FX Part of this work was conducted during a research stay by C.V.A to the Max-Planck Institute for Plasmaphysics in Garching, Germany and the hospitality of that Institute is greatly appreciated. C.V.A. and A.M. have contributed to this work in the frame of the Contract of Association No. ERB 5005 CT 990101 between EURATOM and the Association MEdC-Romania, with partial support from the European Commission. The work of L.E.Z. was partially supported by US DoE contract No. DE-AC02-09-CH11466. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV POLITEHNICA BUCHAREST, FAC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, ATEE PI BUCURESTI PA SPLAIUL INDEPENDENTEI NO 313, SECTOR 1, BUCURESTI, 060042, ROMANIA SN 1843-8571 BN 978-1-4577-0507-6 J9 INT SYMP ADV TOP PY 2011 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BCM27 UT WOS:000310701200125 ER PT S AU Straatsma, TP Bylaska, EJ van Dam, HJJ Govind, N de Jong, WA Kowalski, K Valiev, M AF Straatsma, T. P. Bylaska, E. J. van Dam, H. J. J. Govind, N. de Jong, W. A. Kowalski, K. Valiev, M. BE Wheeler, RA TI Advances in Scalable Computational Chemistry: NWChem SO ANNUAL REPORTS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 7 SE Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE NWChem; classical statistical mechanics; quantum chemistry methods; molecular dynamics simulation; density functional theory; plane-wave methods; coupled cluster-CCSD(T) ID MOTION COUPLED-CLUSTER; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CORRELATED WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SYMMETRY-ADAPTED-CLUSTER; PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATION; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY; EXCITED-STATES; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; BASIS-SETS AB NWChem is the highly scalable computational chemistry software package developed by the Molecular Sciences Software group for the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory. The software provides a wide range of capabilities for quantum mechanical and classical mechanical modeling and simulation of chemical and biological systems. The software infrastructure has been designed to facilitate the rapid development and integration of new application modules with a convenient mechanism to enable large-scale computations that rely on a combination of methodologies to be used. Built using the partitioned global address space-based Global Arrays programming model, the design of the software separates the architecture-dependent communication layer from the computational chemistry modules. This results in a highly portable code in which only a relatively small part of the code needs to be ported to new computer architectures. C1 [Straatsma, T. P.; Bylaska, E. J.; van Dam, H. J. J.; Govind, N.; de Jong, W. A.; Kowalski, K.; Valiev, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Straatsma, TP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 109 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1400 BN 978-0-44-454302-8 J9 ANN REP COMP CHEM PY 2011 VL 7 BP 151 EP 177 DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-53835-2.00007-9 PG 27 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BCU01 UT WOS:000311387200008 ER PT B AU Khaligh, A Onar, OC AF Khaligh, Alireza Onar, Omer C. BE Rashid, MH TI Energy Sources SO POWER ELECTRONICS HANDBOOK: DEVICES, CIRCUITS, AND APPLICATIONS, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POWER-POINT TRACKING; FED INDUCTION GENERATOR; BACK PWM CONVERTERS; FUEL-CELL; NEURAL-NETWORK; WIND TURBINES; PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS; SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE; CONVERSION SYSTEM; RENEWABLE ENERGY C1 [Khaligh, Alireza] IIT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, EHREL, EPPEC, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Onar, Omer C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Khaligh, A (reprint author), IIT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, EHREL, EPPEC, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. NR 207 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-12-382037-2; 978-0-12-382036-5 PY 2011 BP 1289 EP 1330 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-382036-5.00045-8 PG 42 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BCS23 UT WOS:000311250400046 ER PT J AU Dunlavy, DM Kolda, TG Kegelmeyer, WP AF Dunlavy, Daniel M. Kolda, Tamara G. Kegelmeyer, W. Philip BE Kepner, J Gilbert, J TI Multilinear Algebra for Analyzing Data with Multiple Linkages SO GRAPH ALGORITHMS IN THE LANGUAGE OF LINEAR ALGEBRA SE Software Environments and Tools LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TENSOR DECOMPOSITIONS; SOCIAL NETWORK; ALGORITHMS; RETRIEVAL AB Tensors are a useful tool for representing multi-link graphs, and tensor decompositions facilitate a type of link analysis that incorporates all link types simultaneously. An adjacency tensor is formed by stacking the adjacency matrix for each link type to form a three-way array. The CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) tensor decomposition provides information about adjacency tensors of multi-link graphs analogous to that produced for adjacency matrices of single-link graphs using the singular value decomposition (SVD). The CP tensor decomposition generates feature vectors that incorporate all linkages simultaneously for each node in a multi-link graph. Feature vectors can be used to analyze bibliometric data in a variety of ways, for example, to analyze five years of publication data from journals published by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). Experiments presented include analyzing a body of work, distinguishing between papers written by different authors with the same name, and predicting the journal in which a paper is published. C1 [Dunlavy, Daniel M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci & Informat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kolda, Tamara G.; Kegelmeyer, W. Philip] Sandia Natl Labs, Informat & Decis Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dunlavy, DM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci & Informat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dmdunla@sandia.gov; tgkolda@sandia.gov; wpk@sandia.gov NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 978-0-898719-90-1 J9 SOFTW ENVIRON TOOLS PY 2011 VL 22 BP 85 EP 114 D2 10.1137/1.9780898719918 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BWH92 UT WOS:000293907200008 ER PT J AU Bader, DA Heitsch, CE Madduri, K AF Bader, David A. Heitsch, Christine E. Madduri, Kamesh BE Kepner, J Gilbert, J TI Large-Scale Network Analysis SO GRAPH ALGORITHMS IN THE LANGUAGE OF LINEAR ALGEBRA SE Software Environments and Tools LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS; PROTEIN-INTERACTION NETWORK; COMPLEX NETWORKS; CENTRALITY; BETWEENNESS; WEB; DATABASE; YEAST AB Centrality analysis deals with the identification of critical vertices and edges in real-world graph abstractions. Graph-theoretic centrality heuristics such as betweenness and closeness are widely used in application domains ranging from social network analysis to systems biology. In this chapter, we discuss several new results related to large-scale graph analysis using centrality indices. We present the first parallel algorithms and efficient implementations for evaluating these compute-intensive metrics. Our parallel algorithms are optimized for real-world networks, and they exploit topological properties such as the low graph diameter and unbalanced degree distributions. We evaluate centrality indices for several large-scale networks such as web crawls, protein-interaction networks (PINs), movie-actor networks, and patent citation networks that are three orders of magnitude larger than instances that can be processed by current social network analysis packages. As an application to systems biology, we present the novel case study of betweenness centrality analysis applied to eukaryotic PINs. We make an important observation that proteins with high betweenness centrality, but low degree, are abundant in the human and yeast PINs. C1 [Bader, David A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Heitsch, Christine E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Math, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Madduri, Kamesh] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bader, DA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM bader@cc.gatech.edu; heitsch@math.gatech.edu; KMadduri@lbl.gov NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 978-0-898719-90-1 J9 SOFTW ENVIRON TOOLS PY 2011 VL 22 BP 253 EP 285 D2 10.1137/1.9780898719918 PG 33 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BWH92 UT WOS:000293907200013 ER PT J AU Buluc, A Gilbert, J AF Buluc, Aydin Gilbert, John BE Kepner, J Gilbert, J TI New Ideas in Sparse Matrix Matrix Multiplication SO GRAPH ALGORITHMS IN THE LANGUAGE OF LINEAR ALGEBRA SE Software Environments and Tools LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SHORTEST-PATH; ALGORITHM; IMPLEMENTATION; GRAPHS AB Generalized sparse matrix matrix multiplication is a key primitive for many high performance graph algorithms as well as some linear solvers such as multigrid. We present the first parallel algorithms that achieve increasing speedups for an unbounded number of processors. Our algorithms are based on the two-dimensional (2D) block distribution of sparse matrices where serial sections use a novel hypersparse kernel for scalability. C1 [Buluc, Aydin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gilbert, John] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Buluc, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM abuluc@lbl.gov; gilbert@cs.ucsb.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 978-0-898719-90-1 J9 SOFTW ENVIRON TOOLS PY 2011 VL 22 BP 315 EP 337 D2 10.1137/1.9780898719918 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BWH92 UT WOS:000293907200015 ER PT J AU Kepner, J Bader, DA Bond, R Bliss, N Faloutsos, C Hendrickson, B Gilbert, J Robinson, E AF Kepner, Jeremy Bader, David A. Bond, Robert Bliss, Nadya Faloutsos, Christos Hendrickson, Bruce Gilbert, John Robinson, Eric BE Kepner, J Gilbert, J TI Fundamental Questions in the Analysis of Large Graphs SO GRAPH ALGORITHMS IN THE LANGUAGE OF LINEAR ALGEBRA SE Software Environments and Tools LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Graphs are a general approach for representing information that spans the widest possible range of computing applications. They are particularly important to computational biology, web search, and knowledge discovery. As the sizes of graphs increase, the need to apply advanced mathematical and computational techniques to solve these problems is growing dramatically. Examining the mathematical and computational foundations of the analysis of large graphs generally leads to more questions than answers. This book concludes with a discussion of some of these questions. C1 [Kepner, Jeremy; Bond, Robert; Bliss, Nadya; Robinson, Eric] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. [Bader, David A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Faloutsos, Christos] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Hendrickson, Bruce] Sandia Natl Labs, Discrete Algorithms & Math Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gilbert, John] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Kepner, J (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. EM kepner@ll.mit.edu; bader@cc.gatech.edu; rbond@ll.mit.edu; nt@ll.mit.edu; christos@cs.cmu.edu; bahendr@sandia.gov; gilbert@cs.ucsb.edu; erobinson@ll.mit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 978-0-898719-90-1 J9 SOFTW ENVIRON TOOLS PY 2011 VL 22 BP 353 EP 357 D2 10.1137/1.9780898719918 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BWH92 UT WOS:000293907200017 ER PT S AU Klaehn, JR Orme, CJ Peterson, ES Stewart, FF Urban-Klaehn, JM AF Klaehn, John R. Orme, Christopher J. Peterson, Eric S. Stewart, Frederick F. Urban-Klaehn, Jagoda M. BE Oyama, ST StaggWilliams, SM TI High Temperature Gas Separations Using High Performance Polymers SO INORGANIC, POLYMERIC AND COMPOSITE MEMBRANES: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND OTHER CORRELATIONS, VOL 14 SE Membrane Science and Technology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AROMATIC POLYIMIDES; GLASSY-POLYMERS; PERMEATION; PERMEABILITY; MEMBRANES; POLYELECTROLYTES; SORPTION; WATER C1 [Klaehn, John R.; Orme, Christopher J.; Peterson, Eric S.; Stewart, Frederick F.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Urban-Klaehn, Jagoda M.] Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID USA. RP Klaehn, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM John.Klaehn@inl.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-5193 BN 978-0-44-453729-4 J9 MEMBR SCI TECH SER PY 2011 VL 14 BP 295 EP 307 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA BCR93 UT WOS:000311224100014 ER PT J AU Mioduszewski, J Yu, XY Morris, V Berkowitz, C Flaherty, J AF Mioduszewski, John Yu, Xiao-Ying Morris, Victor Berkowitz, Carl Flaherty, Julia TI In-situ monitoring of trace gases in a non-urban environment SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trace gas; HYSPLIT; Non-urban environment; Ozone ID UNITED-STATES; SURFACE OZONE; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; UK; TROPOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE; DEPENDENCE; CHEMISTRY; OXIDANT; RATES AB A set of commercial instruments measuring carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O-3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides [nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and odd nitrogens (NOX)] was integrated and deployed in a non-urban environment. The deployment occurred between July 2, 2007 and August 7, 2007 in Richland, WA. The mixing ratios of all species were lower than in most rural-suburban environments, and strong diurnal patterns were observed. NO2 was depleted by photochemically formed ozone during the day and replenished at night as ozone was destroyed. The highest ozone concentration during these episodes was 45 ppb. The overall average was 15 ppb with readings approaching near zero at times. This observation is low compared to average daytime summer readings of 60-80 ppb in highly populated and industrialized urban areas in the Pacific Northwest region. Back-trajectory analysis and prevailing weather conditions both indicated that much of the ozone was transported locally or was produced in-situ. Analysis of SO2 as a tracer for O-3 advection further indicated lack of long-range regional transport of pollutants to Richland. We also present results of analysis of high ozone episodes and comparisons relative to other areas in the Pacific Northwest region. These results provide a useful sample data set to study the historical record of air quality in rural Eastern Washington. (C) Author(s) 2011. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Mioduszewski, John; Yu, Xiao-Ying; Morris, Victor; Berkowitz, Carl; Flaherty, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Yu, XY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM xiaoying.yu@pnl.gov RI Yu, Xiao-Ying/L-9385-2013 OI Yu, Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-9861-3109 FU Office of Science and Engineering Education; Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Energy; PNNL's Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship program; Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy under Atmospheric Science Program under Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the Office of Science and Engineering Education and the Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Energy. John Mioduszewski would like to thank Karen Wieda of PNNL's Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship program for her financial support of the internship for John Mioduszewski. Support was also from the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, under the auspices of the Atmospheric Science Program, under Contracts DE-AC05-76RL01830 at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.5094/APR.2011.011 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029QI UT WOS:000310510200011 ER PT S AU Nichols, EM Weissmann, GS Wawrzyniec, TF Frechette, JD Klise, KA AF Nichols, Elizabeth M. Weissmann, Gary S. Wawrzyniec, Timothy F. Frechette, Jedediah D. Klise, Katherine A. BE Martinsen, OJ Pulham, AJ Haughton, PDW Sullivan, MD TI PROCESSING OF OUTCROP-BASED LIDAR IMAGERY TO CHARACTERIZE HETEROGENEITY FOR GROUNDWATER MODELS SO OUTCROPS REVITALIZED: TOOLS, TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS SE CONCEPTS IN SEDIMENTOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEPM Research Conference on Outcrops Revitalized - Tools, Techniques and Application CY JUN 22-28, 2008 CL Kilkee, IRELAND SP Chevron, Nexen, Statoil, UCD Dublin ID BOUNDING SURFACES; FLUVIAL DEPOSITS; PERMEABILITY; ANALOG; CEMENTATION; SIMULATION; DISPERSION; RESOLUTION; PATTERNS; GERMANY AB Accurate representation of heterogeneity at varying scales is vital for modeling solute dispersion in groundwater aquifers and petroleum reservoirs. Dispersion, the result of varying velocities in a flow field, is, in part, due to material heterogeneity. In order to represent the influence of heterogeneity at the outcrop scale, a series of terrestrial LIDA R scans at millimeter-scale point spacing were recorded in sediments located in braided stream exposures west of Albuquerque, New Mexico, and outside the Hanford Site in Washington. Scans are projected onto a vertical plane and converted to a high-resolution TIFF image. Using the mean and standard deviation of the "stacked" images, the data are processed through a series of filters to enhance textural information and distinguish between lithologies. The product is converted to a grid with numerical color values for each lithology (e.g., sandstone, gravel). Each lithologic class is assigned reasonable values of hydraulic conductivity. Groundwater flow and transport time are simulated using MODFLOW and MODPATH, respectively. Simulations show that flow and solute transport are focused in the coarser-grained laminae of cross-bedded units. Flow may be focused into some areas in finer-grained beds as well, if the adjacent gravel bed has been cut. Thus, most of the flow may be focused into a smaller volume of the material making up the aquifer. This result shows that terrestrial LIDAR can be successfully applied to produce synthetic stratigraphy for use in fluid flow models. C1 [Nichols, Elizabeth M.; Weissmann, Gary S.; Wawrzyniec, Timothy F.; Frechette, Jedediah D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Klise, Katherine A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Natl Secur Applicat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nichols, EM (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, MSC03 2040,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU S E P M - SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA PO BOX 4756 1731 E 71ST ST, TULSA, OK 74159-0756 USA SN 1059-8618 BN 978-1-56576-306-7 J9 CONCEPT SEDIMENTOL P JI Concepts Sedimentol. Paleontol. PY 2011 IS 10 BP 239 EP 247 PG 9 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA BCC27 UT WOS:000309691300016 ER PT J AU Hetland, L Winner, E AF Hetland, Lois Winner, Ellen BE SeftonGreen, J Thomson, P Jones, K Bresler, L TI The relationship between creativity and Studio Thinking SO ROUTLEDGE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF CREATIVE LEARNING SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hetland, Lois; Winner, Ellen] Harvard Project Zero, Boston, MA USA. [Hetland, Lois] Massachusetts Coll Art & Design, Boston, MA USA. [Winner, Ellen] Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. [Hetland, Lois] US DOE Funded Res Alameda Cty, Alameda, CA USA. RP Hetland, L (reprint author), Natl Sci Fdn, Study Testing Relationship Visual Arts & Geometry, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-1-136-73004-7 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2011 BP 226 EP 233 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BCD13 UT WOS:000309815500027 ER PT S AU Matsunaga, T Singh, M Asthana, R Lin, HT Kajii, S Ishikawa, T AF Matsunaga, Tadashi Singh, Mrityunjay Asthana, Rajiv Lin, Hua-Tay Kajii, Shinji Ishikawa, Toshihiro BA Cheng, YB BF Cheng, YB BE Goto, T Akatsu, T TI Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Joints in Sintered SiC Fiber-Bonded Ceramics SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES SE Key Engineering Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Advanced Ceramics (ISAC-4) CY NOV 14-18, 2010 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, Ceram Soc Japan, Engn Ceram Div DE Active Brazing; Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC); Microstructure; Micro-indentation ID CU-CLAD-MOLYBDENUM; BRAZED JOINTS; HIGH-STRENGTH; FILLER METAL; COMPOSITES; TITANIUM; CARBON; ALUMINA; ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB Active metal brazing of a new high thermal conductivity SiC-polycrystalline fiber-bonded ceramic (SA-Tyrannohex (TM)) has been conducted using a Ti-containing Ag-Cu active braze alloy (Ticusil (R)). The brazed joints were characterized using SEM-EDS and Knoop hardness scans across the interfaces. The effects of fiber orientation in the composite on the microstructure, elemental composition, and microhardness are presented. Results show that this material can be successfully joined using judiciously selected off-the shelf active braze alloys to yield metallurgically sound joints possessing high integrity. C1 [Matsunaga, Tadashi; Kajii, Shinji; Ishikawa, Toshihiro] Ube Ind Ltd, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan. [Singh, Mrityunjay] Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH USA. [Asthana, Rajiv] Univ Wisconsin Stout, Menomonie, WI 53706 USA. [Lin, Hua-Tay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Matsunaga, T (reprint author), Ube Ind Ltd, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan. EM matsunagat@ornl.gov; mritynjay.singh-1@nasa.gov; AsthanaR@uwstout.edu; linh@ornl.gov; 27500u@ube-ind.co.jp; 24613u@ube-ind.co.jp FU DOE [NFE-08-01754, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors thank the very helpful review and inputs from Drs. Y. Katoh and J. G. Hemrick. Research sponsored under DOE Work-for-Others project NFE-08-01754 administered by UT-Battelle, LLC under DOE contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1013-9826 J9 KEY ENG MATER PY 2011 VL 484 BP 9 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.484.9 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BBX67 UT WOS:000308568000002 ER PT S AU Young, N Johnson, J Ewsuk, K AF Young, Nathan Johnson, Jay Ewsuk, Kevin BA Cheng, YB BF Cheng, YB BE Goto, T Akatsu, T TI Microelectronics Package Design Using Experimentally-Validated Modeling and Simulation SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES SE Key Engineering Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Advanced Ceramics (ISAC-4) CY NOV 14-18, 2010 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, Ceram Soc Japan, Engn Ceram Div DE Microelectronics; Thermal Management; LTCC; Packaging; RFIC ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY AB Packaging high power radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) in low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) presents many challenges. Within the constraints of LTCC fabrication, the design must provide the usual electrical isolation and interconnections required to package the IC, with additional consideration given to RF isolation and thermal management. While iterative design and prototyping is an option for developing RFIC packaging, it would be expensive and most likely unsuccessful due to the complexity of the problem. To facilitate and optimize package design, thermal and mechanical simulations were used to understand and control the critical parameters in LTCC package design. The models were validated through comparisons to experimental results. This paper summarizes an experimentally-validated modeling approach to RFIC package design, and presents some results and key findings. C1 [Young, Nathan; Johnson, Jay; Ewsuk, Kevin] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Young, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM npyoung@sandia.gov; jjohns2@sandia.gov; kgewsuk@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1013-9826 J9 KEY ENG MATER PY 2011 VL 484 BP 192 EP 203 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.484.192 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BBX67 UT WOS:000308568000034 ER PT S AU Ueno, S Ohji, T Lin, HT AF Ueno, Shunkichi Ohji, Tatsuki Lin, Hua-Tay BA Cheng, YB BF Cheng, YB BE Goto, T Akatsu, T TI Comparison of Recession Behavior between Lu2Si2O7 and Lu2SiO5 by High Speed Steam Jet at High Temperatures SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES SE Key Engineering Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Advanced Ceramics (ISAC-4) CY NOV 14-18, 2010 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, Ceram Soc Japan, Engn Ceram Div DE Corrosion; Recession; Lu2SiO5; Lu2Si2O7; Steam Jet ID SILICON-NITRIDE AB The recession behavior of Lu2SiO5 and Lu2Si2O7 under high speed steam jet with a velocity of 50 m/s in temperature range between 1300 degrees and 1500 degrees C was compared. Material recession and porous microstructure were observed on the bulk surface for all samples after steam jet tests at the elevated temperatures. The porous structure for Lu2Si2O7 bulk samples become refine with increasing test temperature. On the other hand, the porosity of the porous structure for Lu2SiO5 bulk samples reduced with increasing test temperatures. Phase change was observed for the test of Lu2Si2O7 sample. Lu2SiO5 phase was formed on the Lu2Si2O7 bulk surface in the 1400 degrees C test and Lu2Si2O7 phase was formed again on the surface of the bulk in the test at 1500 degrees C. No phase change was observed in the tests for Lu2SiO5 between 1300 degrees and 1500 degrees C. C1 [Ueno, Shunkichi] Nihon Univ, Coll Engn, Tokusada Nakagawahara 1, Koriyama, Fukushima 9638806, Japan. [Ohji, Tatsuki] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Adv Mfg Res Inst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Lin, Hua-Tay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ueno, S (reprint author), Nihon Univ, Coll Engn, Tokusada Nakagawahara 1, Koriyama, Fukushima 9638806, Japan. EM ueno@chem.ce.nihon-u.ac.jp; t-ohji@aist.go.jp; linh@ornl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1013-9826 J9 KEY ENG MATER PY 2011 VL 484 BP 246 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.484.246 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BBX67 UT WOS:000308568000041 ER PT B AU Sim, A Gunter, D Natarajan, V Shoshani, A Williams, D Long, J Hick, J Lee, J Dart, E AF Sim, Alex Gunter, Dan Natarajan, Vijaya Shoshani, Arie Williams, Dean Long, Jeff Hick, Jason Lee, Jason Dart, Eli BE Lin, SC Yen, E TI Efficient Bulk Data Replication for the EarthSystem Grid SO DATA DRIVEN E-SCIENCE, ISGC 2010: USE CASES AND SUCCESSFUL APPLICATIONS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Grid Computing CY MAR 09-12, 2010 CL Academia Sinica, Taipei, TAIWAN HO Academia Sinica DE ESG; climate; BDM; data transfer; NetLogger AB The Earth System Grid (ESG) community faces the difficult challengeof managing the distribution of massive data sets to thousands of scientistsaround the world. To move data replicas efficiently, the ESG has developed a data transfer management tool called the Bulk Data Mover (BDM). We describe the performance results of the current system and plans towards extending the techniques developed so far for the upcoming project, in which the ESG will employ 100Gbps networks to move multi-TBdatasets with the ultimate goal of helping researchers understand climatechange and its potential impacts on world ecology and society. C1 [Sim, Alex; Gunter, Dan; Natarajan, Vijaya; Shoshani, Arie] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Williams, Dean; Long, Jeff] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hick, Jason; Lee, Jason] Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dart, Eli] Energy Sci Network, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sim, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Advanced ScientificComputing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02- 05CH11231] FX This work was funded in part by the Office of Advanced ScientificComputing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under contracts DE-AC02- 05CH11231. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-8014-4; 978-1-4419-8013-7 PY 2011 BP 435 EP 444 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8014-4_33 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BCJ90 UT WOS:000310340000032 ER PT S AU Marinella, MJ Atcitty, S DasGupta, S Kaplar, RJ Smith, MA AF Marinella, M. J. Atcitty, S. DasGupta, S. Kaplar, R. J. Smith, M. A. BE Shenai, K Garg, R Ma, R Dudley, M Khan, A TI High Power Semiconductor Devices for FACTS: Current State of the Art and Opportunities for Advanced Materials SO GALLIUM NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE POWER TECHNOLOGIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on GaN and SiC Power Technologies held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon AB Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) use advanced power electronics to minimize reactive power loss on the grid. Power devices used in FACTS systems must be capable of switching several thousand amps at voltages of 1-10 kV. Traditionally, these systems have relied on silicon thyristors, but recently have also began to incorporate insulated gate bipolar transistors. FACTS systems present an opportunity for emerging SiC and GaN power transistors, which offer major efficiency gains. However, for these advanced materials to be considered for use in high consequence grid level systems like FACTS controllers, excellent reliability must be demonstrated. C1 [Marinella, M. J.; Atcitty, S.; DasGupta, S.; Kaplar, R. J.; Smith, M. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Marinella, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1084, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-262-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 8 BP 19 EP 30 DI 10.1149/1.3631482 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Physics GA BCB39 UT WOS:000309600300003 ER PT S AU Xu, F Tolbert, LM Xu, Y AF Xu, Fan Tolbert, Leon M. Xu, Yan GP IEEE TI Critical Evaluation of FBD, PQ and Generalized Non-Active Power Theories SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011-14TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS (EPE 2011) SE European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE)/ECCE Europe Conference on Power Electronics and Adjustable Speed Drives - Towards the 20-20-20 Target CY AUG 30-SEP 01, 2011 CL Birmingham, ENGLAND SP IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc (PELS), Alstom, Mitsubishi Elect Europ, Star Alliance, PPM Power, Plexim, CITCEA, Dynex, TRW Conekt, MDL Technol, Chroma, United Technol Res Ctr, Converteam, Australian Comm Power Engn (ACPE), Assoc Ingenieurs Electriciens Inst Montefiore (AIM), Czech Electrotech Soc (CES), European Ctr Power Elect (ECPE), IEEE Ind Applicat Soc (IAS), IEEE Ind Elect Soc (IES), Inst Engn & Technol (IET), Korean Inst Power Elect (KIPE), Koninklijk Inst Ingenieurs (KIVI-NIRIA), Leonardo Energy, Norsk Elektroteknisk Forening (NEF), NMI, Osterreichischer Verband Elektrotechnik (OVE), Soc Elect, Elect & Technol Informat & Commun (SEE), Assoc Polish Elect Engineers, Svenska Elektro Dataingenjorers Riksforening (SER), Soc Royale Belge Electriciens - Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging Elektrotechnici (SRBE-KBVE), Technol Inst - Koninklijke Vlaamse Ingenieursvereniging (TI-KVIV), Assoc Elect, Elect & Informat Technol DE FBD theory; PQ theory; Generalized non-active power theory; Current decomposition; Non-active power compensation ID SYSTEMS AB Due to the widespread use of non-sinusoidal, non-periodic loads and the existence of distorted voltages, many definitions of non-active power for non-sinusoidal and non-periodic waveforms have been formulated. This paper investigates the major similarities and discrepancies of three non-active power theories which are widely used in control algorithms for shunt compensation systems. The three approaches are FBD, PQ and generalized non-active power theories. The evaluation and comparison of these three theories as the non-active power compensation strategies for single-phase system, three-phase system with unbalanced load, sub-harmonic load, and distorted system voltage will be included in this paper. The conclusions are based on both the simulation and the experimental results of different compensation objectives. C1 [Xu, Fan; Tolbert, Leon M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tolbert, Leon M.; Xu, Yan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, F (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM fxu6@utk.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2325-0313 BN 978-90-75815-15-3 J9 EUR CONF POW ELECTR PY 2011 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BBR85 UT WOS:000308003501044 ER PT S AU Bennett, J Sridhar, S Nakano, J Kwong, KS Lam, T Kaneko, T Fernandez, L Komolwit, P Thomas, H Krabbe, R AF Bennett, James Sridhar, Seetharaman Nakano, Jinichiro Kwong, Kyei-Sing Lam, Tom Kaneko, Tetsuya Fernandez, Laura Komolwit, Piyamanee Thomas, Hugh Krabbe, Rick BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI SLAG CHARACTERIZATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW AND IMPROVED SERVICE LIFE MATERIALS IN GASIFIERS USING FLEXIBLE CARBON FEEDSTOCK SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX ID PETROLEUM COKE; COAL GASIFICATION; ASH; REFRACTORIES AB In modern gasifiers, the carbon feedstock (coal, petcoke and/or biomass) is determined largely by carbon content, cost, availability, and environmental concerns. Ash impurities in the carbon feedstock vary widely in quantity and chemistry, impacting gasifier operation. Ash from mineral impurities in the feedstock liquefy at the elevated temperatures of gasification; impacting slag chemistry, viscosity, melting temperature, surface and interfacial tension - ultimately determining gasifier operating temperature and refractory service life. The slag itself experiences wide variations in the relative fraction and state of crystalline material (oxides, sulfides and metallic), non-crystalline (glass) material, or gas phases formed from feedstock ash. It is these variations that have a critical impact gasifier operation, determining slag fluidity along the walls and the chemical and physical stability (wear) of the refractory liner. In this paper, two aspects of joint research between NETL and CMU on slag and slag/refractory interactions will be discussed. The first area is researching phase formation in synthetic petcoke/coal slag (SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CaO-V2O3) under simulated gasification conditions (1500 degrees C and 10(-8) arm oxygen partial pressure). The second area focuses on interactions between coal and petcoke slags with commercial refractory currently used (high chrome oxide) or having the potential for use as a gasifier liner (high alumina). Refractory materials studied in the simulated gasifier environment were fired brick of the following compositions: 90wt% Cr2O3-10wt% Al2O3 and 100wt% Al2O3. Information from this research is being used to improve the performance of or to develop new refractory liner materials for gasifiers, and to understand mixed feedstock slag behavior under gasification conditions. C1 [Bennett, James; Sridhar, Seetharaman; Nakano, Jinichiro; Kwong, Kyei-Sing; Lam, Tom; Kaneko, Tetsuya; Fernandez, Laura; Komolwit, Piyamanee; Thomas, Hugh; Krabbe, Rick] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Bennett, J (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 3 EP 16 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700001 ER PT S AU Liu, WN Sun, X Stephens, E Khaleel, M AF Liu, Wenning Sun, Xin Stephens, Elizabeth Khaleel, Moe BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI EFFECT OF SURFACE CONDITION ON SPALLATION BEHAVIOR OF OXIDE SCALE ON SS 441 SUBSTRATE USED IN SOFC SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX ID FUEL-CELLS; METALLIC INTERCONNECTS; STRESSES; GROWTH; ALLOY; OXIDATION; STEEL AB As operating temperature of SOFC decreases, ferritic stainless steel has attracted a great deal of attention for its use as an interconnect in SOFCs because of its gas-tightness, low electrical resistivity, ease of fabrication, and cost-effectiveness. However, oxidation reaction of the metallic interconnects in a typical SOFC working environment is unavoidable. The growth stresses in the oxide scale and on the scale/substrate interface combined with the thermal stresses induced by thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the oxide scale and the substrate may lead to scale delamination/buckling and eventual spallation during stack cooling, which can lead to serious cell performance degradation. Therefore, the interfacial adhesion strength between the oxide scale and substrate is crucial to the reliability and durability of the metallic interconnect in SOFC operating environments. In this paper, we investigated the effect of the surface conditions on the interfacial strength of oxide scale and SS441 substrate experimentally. Contrary to the conventional sense, it was found that rough surface of SS441 substrate will decrease the interfacial adhesive strength of the oxide scale and SS441 substrate. C1 [Liu, Wenning; Sun, Xin; Stephens, Elizabeth; Khaleel, Moe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Liu, WN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,906 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700009 ER PT S AU Liu, WN Sun, X Marina, O Pederson, L Khaleel, M AF Liu, Wenning Sun, Xin Marina, Olga Pederson, Larry Khaleel, Moe BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI EFFECT OF FUEL IMPURITY ON STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF Ni-YSZ ANODE OF SOFCS SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX ID HYDROGEN-SULFIDE ADSORPTION; CELLS; PHOSPHORUS; SYNGAS; ENERGY; GAS AB Electricity production through the integration of coal gasification with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) may potentially be an efficient technique for clean energy generation. However, multiple minor and trace components are naturally present in coals. These impurities in coal gas not only degrade the electrochemical performance of Ni-YSZ anode used in SOFCs, but also severely endanger the structural integrity of the Ni-YSZ anode. In this paper, the effect of trace impurity in coal syngas on the mechanical degradation of Ni-YSZ anode was studied by using an integrated experimental/modeling approach. Phosphorus is taken as an example of impurity. Anode-support button cell was used to experimentally explore the migration of phosphorous impurity in the Ni-YSZ anode of SOFCs. X-ray mapping was used to show elemental distributions and new phase formation. The subsequent finite element stress analyses were conducted using the actual micro structure of the anode to illustrate the degradation mechanism. It was found that volume expansion induced by the Ni phase change produces high stress level such that local failure of the Ni-YSZ anode is possible under the operating conditions. C1 [Liu, Wenning; Sun, Xin; Marina, Olga; Pederson, Larry; Khaleel, Moe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Liu, WN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 87 EP 100 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700010 ER PT S AU Cozzi, AD Duncan, AJ AF Cozzi, A. D. Duncan, A. J. BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI CHARACTERIZATION OF CORE SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM THE SALTSTONE DISPOSAL FACILITY SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX AB During the month of September 2008, grout core samples were collected from the Saltstone Disposal Facility, Vault 4, cell E. This grout was placed during processing campaigns in December 2007. Core samples were retrieved to initiate the historical database of properties of emplaced Saltstone and to demonstrate the correlation between field collected and laboratory prepared samples. The density and porosity of the Vault 4 core sample, 1.90 g/cm(3) and 59.90% respectively, were comparable to values achieved for laboratory prepared samples. X-ray diffraction analysis identified phases consistent with the expectations for hydrated Saltstone. Microscopic analysis revealed morphology features characteristic of cementitious materials with fly ash and calcium silicate hydrate gel. When taken together, the results of the density, porosity, x-ray diffraction analysis and microscopic analysis support the conclusion that the Vault 4, Cell E core sample is representative of the expected waste form. C1 [Cozzi, A. D.; Duncan, A. J.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Cozzi, AD (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 135 EP 147 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700014 ER PT S AU Fox, KM Johnson, FC Edwards, TB AF Fox, K. M. Johnson, F. C. Edwards, T. B. BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI INCORPORATION OF MONO SODIUM TITANATE AND CRYSTALLINE SILICOTITANATE FEEDS IN HIGH LEVEL NUCLEAR WASTE GLASS SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX ID VISCOSITY AB Four series of glass compositions were selected, fabricated, and characterized as part of a study to determine the impacts of the addition of Crystalline Silicotitanate (CST) and Monosodium Titanate (MST) from the Small Column Ion Exchange (SCIX) process on the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) glass waste form and the applicability of the DWPF process control models. All of the glasses studied were considerably more durable than the benchmark Environmental Assessment (EA) glass. The measured Product Consistency Test (PCT) responses were compared with the predicted values from the current DWPF durability model. One of the KT01-series and two of the KT03-series glasses had measured PCT responses that were outside the lower bound of the durability model. All of the KT04 glasses had durabilities that were predictable regardless of heat treatment or compositional view. In general, the measured viscosity values of the KT01, KT03, and KT04-series glasses are well predicted by the current DWPF viscosity model. The results of liquidus temperature (T-L) measurements for the KT01 -series glasses were mixed with regard to the predictability of the T-L for each glass. All of the measured T-L values were higher than the model predicted values, although most fell within the 95% confidence intervals. Overall, the results of this study show a reasonable ability to incorporate the anticipated SCIX streams into DWPF-type glass compositions with TiO2 concentrations of 4-5 wt % in glass. C1 [Fox, K. M.; Johnson, F. C.; Edwards, T. B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Fox, KM (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 149 EP 160 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700015 ER PT S AU Billings, AL Brinkman, KS Fox, KM Marra, JC Tang, M Sickafus, KE AF Billings, A. L. Brinkman, K. S. Fox, K. M. Marra, J. C. Tang, M. Sickafus, K. E. BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI DEVELOPMENT OF. CERAMIC WASTE FORMS FOR AN ADVANCED NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX AB A series of ceramic waste forms were developed and characterized for the immobilization of a Cesium/Lanthanide (CS/LN) waste stream anticipated to result from nuclear fuel reprocessing. Simple raw materials, including Al2O3 and TiO2 were combined with simulated waste components to produce multiphase ceramics containing hollandite-type phases, perovskites (particularly BaTiO3), pyrochlores and other minor metal titanate phases. Three fabrication methodologies were used, including melting and crystallizing, pressing and sintering, and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), with the intent of studying phase evolution under various sintering conditions. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) results showed that the partitioning of the waste elements in the sintered materials was very similar, despite varying stoichiometry of the phases formed. Identification of excess Al2O3 via XRD and SEM/EDS in the first series of compositions led to a Phase II study, with significantly reduced Al2O3 concentrations and increased waste loadings. The Phase II compositions generally contained a reduced amount of unreacted Al2O3 as identified by XRD. Chemical composition measurements showed no significant issues with meeting the target compositions. However, volatilization of Cs and Mo was identified, particularly during melting, since sintering of the pressed pellets and SPS were performed at lower temperatures. Partitioning of some of the waste components was difficult to determine via XRD. SEM/EDS mapping showed that those elements, which were generally present in small concentrations, were well distributed throughout the waste forms. C1 [Billings, A. L.; Brinkman, K. S.; Fox, K. M.; Marra, J. C.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Billings, AL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. OI Brinkman, Kyle/0000-0002-2219-1253 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 183 EP 193 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700018 ER PT S AU Matyas, J Schaible, M Vienna, JD AF Matyas, J. Schaible, M. Vienna, J. D. BE Sundaram, SK Fox, K Ohji, T Hoffman, E TI DETERMINATION OF STOKES SHAPE FACTOR FOR SINGLE PARTICLES AND AGGLOMERATES SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY II SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Exhibition of Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) CY OCT 17-21, 2010 CL Houston, TX ID NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES; GLASS AB Large octahedral crystals of spinel can precipitate from glass during the high-level waste vitrification process and potentially block the glass discharge riser of electrically heated ceramic melters. To help predict the settling behavior of spinel in the riser, the settling of single particles and agglomerates was studied in stagnant and transparent viscosity oils at room temperature with a developed optical particle-dynamics-analyzer. The determined dimensions and terminal settling velocities of particles were used to calculate their Stokes shape factors. The calculated shape factor for the glass beads was almost identical with the theoretical shape factor of 2/9 for a perfect sphere. The shape factor for a single spinel crystal was about 7.6% higher compared to the theoretically predicted value for an octahedron. The Stokes shape factor of irregularly shaped multi-particle agglomerates was lower than that of the glass beads and individual spinel crystals because of the higher surface drag caused by the larger surface area-to-volume ratio. C1 [Matyas, J.; Schaible, M.; Vienna, J. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Matyas, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 978-1-118-14449-7 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2011 VL 227 BP 195 EP 202 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BCD98 UT WOS:000309926700019 ER PT J AU Bluhm, H AF Bluhm, H. BE Koster, G Rijnders, G TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for in situ characterization of thin film growth SO IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN FILM GROWTH SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); in situ techniques; thin films ID AMBIENT-PRESSURE; PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE; MGO; HYDROXYL; SYSTEM AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is an excellent tool for the investigation of the growth and reaction of thin films. Owing to the short mean free path of electrons in condensed matter, XPS is particularly well suited for the measurement of films with thicknesses of up to a few nanometers. XPS allows for the quantitative determining of the elemental composition, chemical specificity (i.e., oxidation state) and film thickness. In this chapter the basics of XPS are described, including different approaches to monitoring in situ film growth and reactions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bluhm, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Mail Stop 6R2100, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hbluhm@lbl.gov NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-934-5 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2011 BP 75 EP 98 D2 10.1533/9780857094957 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BAX34 UT WOS:000305971000004 ER PT J AU Matias, V Hammond, RH AF Matias, V. Hammond, R. H. BE Koster, G Rijnders, G TI In situ deposition vapor monitoring SO IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN FILM GROWTH SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE deposition rate monitoring; vapor flux monitor; quartz crystal microbalance; electron-impact emission spectroscopy; quadrupole mass spectroscopy; atomic absorption spectroscopy ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; DIODE-LASER; FLUX MEASUREMENT; FILM DEPOSITION; QUARTZ-CRYSTAL; EVAPORATION; FREQUENCY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; COEVAPORATION; TEMPERATURE AB In situ deposition vapor monitoring is essential for accurate control of film thickness and elemental composition during physical vapor deposition. This chapter describes current state-of-the-art vapor sensing technologies and compares their relative merits. We review the quartz crystal microbalance, vapor ionization and optical absorption measurement techniques. C1 [Hammond, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Matias, V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hammond, RH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM vlado@lanl.gov; rhammond@stanford.edu NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-934-5 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2011 BP 212 EP 238 D2 10.1533/9780857094957 PG 27 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BAX34 UT WOS:000305971000008 ER PT J AU Eres, G Tischler, JZ Rouleau, CM Larson, BC Christe, HM Zschack, P AF Eres, G. Tischler, J. Z. Rouleau, C. M. Larson, B. C. Christe, H. M. Zschack, P. BE Koster, G Rijnders, G TI Real-time studies of epitaxial film growth using surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD) SO IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN FILM GROWTH SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE pulsed laser deposition; real-time surface X-ray diffraction; interlayer transport; single shot transient; perovskite SrTiO3 ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; BY-LAYER GROWTH; OXIDE INTERFACES; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; IN-SITU; OSCILLATIONS; NUCLEATION AB We review recent results in the study of pulsed laser deposition growth kinetics using real-time surface X-ray diffraction. Interlayer transport as the primary driving force behind formation of atomically sharp layers is analyzed quantitatively from the measurements of time constants and shot-to-shot changes in single laser shot time dependent coverages in the growth of the model perovskite SrTiO3. The results show that direct deposition into the open layers and very fast interlayer transport driven by energetic species during the arrival of the laser plume are the main components of layer growth per laser shot in both homo- and heteroepitaxy of complex oxides. C1 [Eres, G.; Tischler, J. Z.; Rouleau, C. M.; Larson, B. C.; Christe, H. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zschack, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Eres, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM eresg@ornl.gov NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84569-934-5 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2011 BP 239 EP 273 D2 10.1533/9780857094957 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BAX34 UT WOS:000305971000009 ER PT J AU Wan, CS Sadowski, JT Kordesch, ME AF Wan, Cangshang Sadowski, Jerzy T. Kordesch, Martin E. BE Klumper, A TI Scandate Coating for Tungsten Field Emission Electron Sources SO 2011 24TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM NANOELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (IVNC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) CY JUL 18-22, 2011 CL Wuppertal, GERMANY SP Bergische Univ Wuppertal, IEEE - Electron Device Soc (EDS), Gesellschaft Freunde Bergischen Univ (GFBU), Comp Simulat Technol AG (CST), Bruker Adv Supercon GmbH (BRUKER), Keyence Deutschland GmbH (KEYENCE) DE field emission; scandate; tungsen; diamond field emitter array; electron emission microcopy AB Scandium oxide coated field emitter arrays have been investigated for enhanced field emission. The enhancement is proposed to originate in a reduction of the interfacial energy barrier between the tungsten and the scandium oxide, in analogy with thermionic cathodes. C1 [Wan, Cangshang; Sadowski, Jerzy T.; Kordesch, Martin E.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Wan, Cangshang; Sadowski, Jerzy T.; Kordesch, Martin E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, CFN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wan, CS (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM kordesch@ohio.edu FU Nanohmics, Inc., through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-C-0085]; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by Nanohmics, Inc., through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, contract No. FA9550-09-C-0085. Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven N ational Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-3-00-035081-8 PY 2011 BP 33 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BCC50 UT WOS:000309723000017 ER PT J AU Resnick, PJ Langlois, E AF Resnick, P. J. Langlois, E. BE Klumper, A TI An Integrated MEMS Vacuum Diode SO 2011 24TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM NANOELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (IVNC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) CY JUL 18-22, 2011 CL Wuppertal, GERMANY SP Bergische Univ Wuppertal, IEEE - Electron Device Soc (EDS), Gesellschaft Freunde Bergischen Univ (GFBU), Comp Simulat Technol AG (CST), Bruker Adv Supercon GmbH (BRUKER), Keyence Deutschland GmbH (KEYENCE) DE MEMS; vacuum diode; cold cathode AB MEMS processing technologies have been used to create a wide variety of devices, including photonic crystals and microfluidic structures. These methodologies were adapted to fabricate an in situ vacuum sealed cold-cathode diode. Cathodes were formed from arrays of tungsten-clad silicon tips. Tungsten anodes, separated by a sacrificial film, were fabricated above each tip, within a vacuum microcavity. Initial test data are consistent with Fowler-Nordheim behavior, with an on/off current ratio of nearly 7 decades in forward bias. C1 [Resnick, P. J.; Langlois, E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Resnick, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM resnicpj@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-3-00-035081-8 PY 2011 BP 161 EP 162 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BCC50 UT WOS:000309723000081 ER PT S AU Singh, JK Docherty, H Cummings, PT AF Singh, Jayant K. Docherty, Hugh Cummings, Peter T. BE Bichoutskaia, E TI Phase Transition under Confinement SO COMPUTATIONAL NANOSCIENCE SE RSC Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOLECULARLY THIN-FILMS; MATRIX MONTE-CARLO; PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SOLID-LIKE BEHAVIOR; MICA SURFACES; CAPILLARY CONDENSATION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; CRITICAL-POINT; LOW-FRICTION; FLUIDS C1 [Singh, Jayant K.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Docherty, Hugh; Cummings, Peter T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Cummings, Peter T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Singh, JK (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. RI Singh, Jayant/A-1820-2011; Besley, Elena/I-5672-2013 OI Besley, Elena/0000-0002-9910-7603 NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2041-3181 BN 978-1-84973-268-0 J9 RSC THEOR COMPUT CHE PY 2011 IS 4 BP 82 EP 108 D2 10.1039/9781849732680 PG 27 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Mathematics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Mathematics GA BXL06 UT WOS:000296272000005 ER PT S AU Harris, N Ausman, LK McMahon, JM Masiello, DJ Schatz, GC AF Harris, Nadine Ausman, Logan K. McMahon, Jeffrey M. Masiello, David J. Schatz, George C. BE Bichoutskaia, E TI Computational Electrodynamics Methods SO COMPUTATIONAL NANOSCIENCE SE RSC Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; PLASMON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SYNTHESIZED GOLD NANOTRIANGLES; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER ELECTRODE; TRIANGULAR NANOPRISMS; LONGITUDINAL PLASMONS; MOLECULAR RESONANCES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE C1 [Harris, Nadine; Ausman, Logan K.; McMahon, Jeffrey M.; Schatz, George C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [McMahon, Jeffrey M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Masiello, David J.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Harris, N (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Int Inst Nanotechnol, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Besley, Elena/I-5672-2013 OI Besley, Elena/0000-0002-9910-7603 NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2041-3181 BN 978-1-84973-268-0 J9 RSC THEOR COMPUT CHE PY 2011 IS 4 BP 147 EP 178 D2 10.1039/9781849732680 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Mathematics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Mathematics GA BXL06 UT WOS:000296272000007 ER PT B AU Cunningham, AJ McKee, CF Klein, RI Krumholz, MR Teyssier, R AF Cunningham, Andrew J. McKee, Christopher F. Klein, Richard I. Krumholz, Mark R. Teyssier, Romain BE Pogorelov, NV Font, JA Audit, E Zank, GP TI Radiatively Efficient Magnetized Bondi Accretion SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS: ASTRONUM-2011 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res, French Commissariat Atom Energy, Inst Investigat Fundamental Laws Universe ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; STAR-FORMATION; HOYLE ACCRETION; SPHERICAL ACCRETION; DISK ACCRETION; SINK PARTICLES; COLLAPSE; TURBULENCE; SPECTRUM; FLOWS AB We have carried out a numerical study of the effect of large scale magnetic fields on the rate of accretion from a uniform, isothermal gas onto a resistive, stationary point mass. Only mass, not magnetic flux, accretes onto the point mass. The simulations for this study avoid complications arising from boundary conditions by keeping the boundaries far from the accreting object. Our simulations leverage adaptive refinement methodology to attain high spatial fidelity close to the accreting object. Our results are particularly relevant to the problem of star formation from a magnetized molecular cloud in which thermal energy is radiated away on time scales much shorter than the dynamical time scale. Contrary to the adiabatic case, our simulations show convergence toward a finite accretion rate in the limit in which the radius of the accreting object vanishes, regardless of magnetic field strength. For very weak magnetic fields, the accretion rate first approaches the Bondi value and then drops by a factor similar to 2 as magnetic flux builds up near the point mass. For strong magnetic fields, the steady-state accretion rate is reduced by a factor similar to 0.2 beta(1/2) compared to the Bondi value, where beta is the ratio of the gas pressure to the magnetic pressure. We give a simple expression for the accretion rate as a function of the magnetic field strength. C1 [Cunningham, Andrew J.; Klein, Richard I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [McKee, Christopher F.; Klein, Richard I.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McKee, Christopher F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krumholz, Mark R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 94560 USA. [Teyssier, Romain] CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Cunningham, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ajc4@pas.rochester.edu; klein@astro.berkeley.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-800-8 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 459 BP 61 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BCC77 UT WOS:000309737100010 ER PT B AU Klein, RI AF Klein, Richard I. BE Pogorelov, NV Font, JA Audit, E Zank, GP TI Radiation Hydrodynamics AMR Simulations of High Mass Star Formation: The Effects of Feedback in Cores to Clusters SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS: ASTRONUM-2011 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res, French Commissariat Atom Energy, Inst Investigat Fundamental Laws Universe ID PROTOSTELLAR CORES; FRAGMENTATION; COLLAPSE; OUTFLOWS; CLOUDS; LIMIT AB The formation of massive stars remains one of the most significant unsolved problems in astrophysics, with implications for the formation of the elements and the structure and evolution of galaxies. It is these stars, with masses greater than 810 solar masses, that eventually explode as supernovae and produce most of the heavy elements in the universe, dominate the energy injection into the interstellar medium of galaxies and by injecting both heavy elements and energy into the surrounding medium, shape the evolution of galaxies. High mass star formation poses a major theoretical challenge: How is it possible to sustain a sufficiently high mass accretion rate into a protostellar core despite the radiation pressure on the accreting envelope? I will first summarize our work on the first 3D simulations of massive star formation that resolve this longstanding problem using our high resolution 3D magneto-radiation-hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement code ORION, identifying 2 new mechanisms that efficiently solve the problem of the Eddington barrier to high mass star formation. By including the feedback effects of radiation pressure, protostellar radiation heating and protostellar outflows, I will discuss our work on stellar multiplicity. I will then present the first simulations of the effects of radiation feedback from high mass protostars on the universality of the Interstellar Mass Function (IMF) across a wide range of environments. Finally, I will present the first simulations of the formation of high mass clusters with radiation feedback. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Klein, RI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-800-8 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 459 BP 91 EP 98 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BCC77 UT WOS:000309737100015 ER PT B AU Li, ST AF Li, Shengtai BE Pogorelov, NV Font, JA Audit, E Zank, GP TI Code Comparison for MHD Fast-Mode Wave Propagation SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS: ASTRONUM-2011 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res, French Commissariat Atom Energy, Inst Investigat Fundamental Laws Universe ID CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; SCHEME; FLOWS AB We propose a simple MHD fast wave propagation problem for verification and comparison of different numerical methods and MHD codes. The initially smooth MUD fast waves get steepening with time and eventually form shocks. Because the MHD shock moves slow compared with the fast magneto-sonic speed, many numerical methods and codes produce artificial numerical oscillations near the shock even if these numerical methods have the non-oscillatory property. The amplitude of the oscillations depend on Riemann solver, spatial limiter, and the accuracy order of reconstruction. The Riemann-solver-free central scheme on overlapping grid developed by the author (2008) performs extremely well for this type of problems. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, ST (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sli@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-800-8 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 459 BP 353 EP 358 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BCC77 UT WOS:000309737100055 ER PT B AU Yee, HC Kotov, DV Sjogreen, B AF Yee, H. C. Kotov, D. V. Sjoegreen, B. BE Pogorelov, NV Font, JA Audit, E Zank, GP TI Numerical Dissipation and Wrong Propagation Speed of Discontinuities For Stiff Source Terms SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS: ASTRONUM-2011 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res, French Commissariat Atom Energy, Inst Investigat Fundamental Laws Universe AB In compressible turbulent combustion/nonequilibrium flows, the constructions of numerical schemes for (a) stable and accurate simulation of turbulence with strong shocks, and (b) obtaining correct propagation speed of discontinuities for stiff reacting terms on "coarse grids" share one important ingredient - minimization of numerical dissipation while maintaining numerical stability. This dual requirement to achieve both numerical stability and accuracy with zero or minimal use of numerical dissipation is most often conflicting for existing schemes that were designed for non-reacting flows. The goal of this paper is to relate numerical dissipations that are inherited in a selected set of high order shock-capturing schemes with the onset of wrong propagation speed of discontinuities for two representative stiff detonation wave problems. C1 [Yee, H. C.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Kotov, D. V.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Turbulence Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sjoegreen, B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yee, HC (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. FU DOE/SciDAC SAP [DE-AI02-06ER25796]; Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University; NASA Fundamental Aeronautics (Hypersonic); U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The support of the DOE/SciDAC SAP grant DE-AI02-06ER25796 is acknowledged. The work was performed by the second author as a postdoc fellow at the Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University. The financial support from the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics (Hypersonic) program for the first author is gratefully acknowledged. The work by the third author was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-800-8 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 459 BP 359 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BCC77 UT WOS:000309737100056 ER PT S AU Shet, S AF Shet, Sudhakar BE Minteer, S TI (Ga,N) and (Cu,Ga) Co-doped ZnO films for Improving Photoelectrochemical Response for Solar Driven Hydrogen Production SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY (GENERAL) - 218TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry General Session held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED) ID SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; ALIGNED NANORODS; ZNO(AL,N) FILMS; THIN-FILMS; WATER; PHOTOCATALYSIS; ELECTRODES; POWER; TIO2 AB In this study, Bandgap-reduced p-type ZnO thin films were synthesized through Cu and Ga co-doping. The ZnO:(Cu, Ga) films were synthesized by RF magnetron sputtering in O-2 gas ambient at room temperature and then annealed at 500 degrees C in air for 2 hours. We found that the carrier concentration tuning does not significantly change the bandgap and crystallinity of the ZnO:Cu films. However, it can optimize the carrier concentration and thus dramatically enhance PEC response for the bandgap-reduced p-type ZnO thin films. The co-doped ZnO:(Ga,N) films were deposited by co-sputtering at room temperature, followed by post-annealing at 500 degrees C. We found that the ZnO:(Ga,N) films exhibited greatly enhanced crystallinity compared to ZnO:N films doped with pure N. Furthermore, the ZnO:(Ga,N) films showed much higher N-incorporation than ZnO:N films. As a result, the ZnO:(Ga,N) films showed significantly higher photocurrents than ZnO:N films. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shet, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Dom, Rekha/B-7113-2012 NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-232-5; 978-1-56677-882-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 26 BP 95 EP 104 DI 10.1149/1.3557880 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA BCA50 UT WOS:000309452100012 ER PT S AU Carnes, B Chen, KS Spernjak, D Luo, G AF Carnes, B. Chen, K. S. Spernjak, D. Luo, G. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Validation of PEMFC Computer Models Using Segmented Current and Temperature Data SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS AB We present recent work on quantifying the impact of local temperature data in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) model predictions. In particular, we compare differences in prediction of cell voltage and local current distribution when using either i) uniform cathode collector temperature and ii) spatially variable cathode collector temperature obtained from experimental data. We find that changes in temperature of + 5/-2 C can result in +/-3 percent change in local current distribution. We conclude that local temperature data should be incorporated into PEMFC models in validation procedures when available. C1 [Carnes, B.; Chen, K. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Carnes, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 287 EP 292 DI 10.1149/1.3635562 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800024 ER PT S AU Ahluwalia, RK Wang, X AF Ahluwalia, R. K. Wang, X. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Dynamic Performance of Automotive Fuel Cell Systems with Low Platinum Loadings SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) AB A hierarchical algorithm is formulated to control and analyze the dynamic performance of an automotive polymer electrolyte fuel cell system with low platinum loading. Drive cycle simulations on combined urban (UDDS) and highway (HWFET) schedules indicate that the system performance and stack polarization curves deviate significantly from the steady-state results especially while the stack is initially cold. The dynamic response of the air management subsystem during deceleration can be improved by operating the motor as a motor-generator but the cathode stoichiometry remains high at low loads. A differential pressure sensor and control valves are used to regulate the flow of hydrogen on dynamic loads and to control the buildup of inert impurities in the anode gas channels. With a membrane humidifier, the relative humidity of the cathode air at the stack inlet depends on the power demand and the stack temperature. Anode gas recycle and in-cell water transport across the membrane are sufficient to humidify the feed hydrogen. The heat rejection system can maintain the stack at 75 degrees C on the UDDS and HWFET cycles, but the stack temperature must be allowed to rise under some high power demand driving conditions. C1 [Ahluwalia, R. K.; Wang, X.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ahluwalia, RK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 293 EP 305 DI 10.1149/1.3635563 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800025 ER PT S AU Fairweather, J Spernjak, D Mukundan, R Spendelow, J Artyushkova, K Atanassov, P Hussey, D Jacobson, D Borup, RL AF Fairweather, Joseph Spernjak, Dusan Mukundan, Rangachary Spendelow, Jacob Artyushkova, Kateryna Atanassov, Plamen Hussey, Daniel Jacobson, David Borup, Rodney L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Interaction of Heat Generation, MPL, and Water Retention in Corroded PEMFCs SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) AB Carbon corrosion in PEM fuel cells was induced by a potential-hold accelerated stress test in 2.5 cm(2) active area cells. Polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectra quantified performance degradation from a combination of kinetic and mass transport losses. High-resolution neutron imaging of the operating cells showed a dramatic decrease in water retention at the same current density in the corroded cells, attributed to increasing internal heat generation. Omission of a cathode-side microporous layer resulted in significant differences in both water profiles and performance degradation. Post-mortem characterization of cell components was carried out by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to quantify changes in surface functionality. C1 [Fairweather, Joseph; Spernjak, Dusan; Mukundan, Rangachary; Spendelow, Jacob; Borup, Rodney L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fairweather, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Artyushkova, Kateryna/B-4709-2008; OI Artyushkova, Kateryna/0000-0002-2611-0422; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 337 EP 348 DI 10.1149/1.3635567 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800029 ER PT S AU Das, PK Grippin, A Weber, AZ AF Das, Prodip K. Grippin, Adam Weber, Adam Z. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Detachment of Liquid-Water Droplets from Gas-Diffusion Layers SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; NON-HORIZONTAL SURFACES; POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE; CONTACT ANGLES; HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES; FLOW CHANNEL; DROPS; WETTABILITY; TRANSPORT; ABILITY AB A critical issue for optimal water management in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells at lower temperatures is the removal of liquid water from the cell. This pathway is intimately linked with the phenomena of liquid-water droplet removal from surface of the gas-diffusion layer and into the flow channel. Thus, a good understanding of liquid-water transport and droplet growth and detachment from the gas-diffusion layer is critical. In this study, liquid-water droplet growth and detachment on the gas-diffusion layer surfaces are investigated experimentally to improve the understating of water transport through and removal from gas-diffusion layers. An experiment using a sliding-angle measurement is designed and used to quantify and directly measure the adhesion force for liquid-water droplets, and to understand the droplets' growth and detachment from the gas-diffusion layers. C1 [Das, Prodip K.; Grippin, Adam; Weber, Adam Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Das, PK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Weber, Adam/0000-0002-7749-1624; Das, Prodip/0000-0001-9096-3721 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.1149/1.3635580 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800042 ER PT S AU Cho, KT Turhan, A Mench, MM AF Cho, Kyu Taek Turhan, Ahmet Mench, Matthew M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Investigation of the impact of the micro-porous layer on the water distribution in the polymer electrolyte fuel cells through hydrogen-deuterium contrast neutron radiography SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) AB In this study, the role of the micro-porous layer (MPL) on water management in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell was investigated with high resolution hydrogen-deuterium contrast radiography. The role of the MPL to push water toward the anode via capillary action was confirmed. The dynamic water behavior in diffusion media was also analyzed in detail, and a significant fraction of isolated droplets was identified. C1 [Cho, Kyu Taek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cho, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mmench@utk.edu NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1149/1.3635585 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800047 ER PT S AU Mukundan, R James, G Davey, J Langlois, D Torraco, D Yoon, W Weber, AZ Borup, RL AF Mukundan, Rangachary James, Greg Davey, John Langlois, David Torraco, Dennis Yoon, Wonseok Weber, Adam Z. Borup, Rodney L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Accelerated Testing Validation SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) AB Accelerated Stress Tests (ASTs) were performed on 2 different MEAs (designated P5 and HD6) from Ballard Power Systems. These MEAs were also incorporated into stacks and operated in fuel cell bus modules that were either operated in the field (three P5 buses) in Hamburg, or on an Orange county transit authority drive cycle in the laboratory (HD6 bus module). Qualitative agreement was found in the degradation mechanisms and rates observed in the AST and in the field. The HD6 based MEAs exhibited lower voltage degradation rates (due to catalyst corrosion) and slower membrane degradation rates in the field as reflected by their superior performance in the high potential hold and open-circuit potential AST tests. To quantitatively correlate lab ASTs to field degradation rates, various degradation stressors including temperature, RH, start/stops and voltage cycles, which are not constant in the field, must be accounted for. C1 [Mukundan, Rangachary; Davey, John; Langlois, David; Torraco, Dennis; Borup, Rodney L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mukundan, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Weber, Adam/0000-0002-7749-1624; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 613 EP 619 DI 10.1149/1.3635594 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800056 ER PT S AU Spernjak, D Fairweather, J Rockward, T Mukundan, R Borup, RL AF Spernjak, Dusan Fairweather, Joseph Rockward, Tommy Mukundan, Rangachary Borup, Rodney L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Characterization of Carbon Corrosion in a Segmented PEM Fuel Cell SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID SINGLE-SERPENTINE AB Corrosion of the catalyst support is an important degradation mechanism in PEM fuel cells because it reduces the overall cell performance by decreasing the active catalyst surface area, catalyst connectivity, and the porosity and hydrophobicity of the catalyst layer. Carbon corrosion rates were investigated in a segmented cell with and without a microporous layer (MPL) on the cathode. The cells were aged in-situ using a protocol for accelerated stress testing (AST) for carbon-support corrosion consisting of consecutive holds at 1.3 V. Carbon corrosion was quantified by measuring CO2 evolution during the potential holds. Although more carbon was corroded in the cell with the MPL on the cathode, corrosion in the catalyst layer was lower than in the cell without the MPL because a portion of the evolved CO2 originated from the MPL rather than from the catalyst layer. This was corroborated by the higher remaining ECSA and lower kinetic losses after prolonged corrosion for the MPL case. Both GDL cases exhibited substantial performance degradation and ECSA loss. Cell with the MPL was more resistant to prolonged carbon corrosion. C1 [Spernjak, Dusan; Fairweather, Joseph; Rockward, Tommy; Mukundan, Rangachary; Borup, Rodney L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Spernjak, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D429,MPA-11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 741 EP 750 DI 10.1149/1.3635608 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800070 ER PT S AU Arisetty, S Wang, X Ahluwalia, RK Mukundan, R Borup, R Davey, J Langlois, D Gambini, F Polevaya, O Blanchet, S AF Arisetty, S. Wang, X. Ahluwalia, R. K. Mukundan, R. Borup, R. Davey, J. Langlois, D. Gambini, F. Polevaya, O. Blanchet, S. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Effect of Platinum Loading on Catalyst Stability under Cyclic Potentials SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID IMPEDANCE; ELECTRODES; PEMFCS; MODEL AB The effect of platinum loading on catalyst durability was investigated by subjecting two identical 50-cm(2) active area cells with 0.15 and 0.4 mg(Pt).cm(-2) in cathode to 30,000 triangle sweep cycles between 0.6 V and 1 V at 50 mV.s(-1) scan rate. The gas flow conditions were 80 degrees C, 1 atm, and 100% relative humidity for H-2 (fuel) and N-2 (oxidant). Both cells lost about 55% of the initial electrochemically active surface area and showed similar H-2 crossover rates and decreases in high frequency resistance. Analysis of the back-scan polarization data indicated that the Tafel slope increased by 5-10% over the initial 5,000 cycles, and then more gradually over the subsequent 25,000 cycles. Consistent with the XRD measurements that showed growth in the average size of Pt particles, the estimated exchange current density (mA. cm(Pt)(-2)) increased by similar to 10% over the test period for both cells. Both the activation overpotentials for oxygen reduction and the mass transfer overpotentials increased with cycling. The mass transfer overpotentials were higher in the 0.15-mg(Pt).cm(-2) cell and increased faster with cycling than the overpotentials in the higher Pt-loaded cell. C1 [Arisetty, S.; Wang, X.; Ahluwalia, R. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Arisetty, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 797 EP 809 DI 10.1149/1.3635613 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800075 ER PT S AU Epping-Martin, K Kopasz, JP Benjamin, TG Garland, NL Podolski, WF Peterson, DR Kleen, G Papageorgopoulos, D Ho, DL AF Epping-Martin, K. Kopasz, J. P. Benjamin, T. G. Garland, N. L. Podolski, W. F. Peterson, D. R. Kleen, G. Papageorgopoulos, D. Ho, D. L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI US Department of Energy Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Development Activities SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; ELECTROCATALYSTS; STABILITY; SURFACES AB The U.S. Department of Energy is supporting the research, development, and deployment of all types of fuel cells for transportation, material handling, portable power, back-up power, stationary power, and combined heat and power applications. A major focus of this support is polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Key issues inhibiting their widespread penetration and commercialization of fuel cells are performance, durability, and cost and a key component is electrode technology including supports and catalysts. The approaches to improvement in electrode technology include alloys, core/shell structures, thin continuous catalyst films, non-precious metal catalysts, and alternative supports. Major progress has been realized recently. This paper provides an overview of DOE-funded advances and status. C1 [Epping-Martin, K.; Garland, N. L.; Peterson, D. R.; Kleen, G.; Papageorgopoulos, D.; Ho, D. L.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Epping-Martin, K (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 917 EP 932 DI 10.1149/1.3635626 PG 16 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800088 ER PT S AU Bliznakov, ST Vukmirovic, MB Yang, L Sutter, EA Adzic, RR AF Bliznakov, S. T. Vukmirovic, M. B. Yang, L. Sutter, E. A. Adzic, R. R. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Pt Monolayer on Electrodeposited Pd Nanostructures-Advanced Cathode Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cells SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID OXYGEN-REDUCTION; INITIAL-STAGES; ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION; PALLADIUM DEPOSITION; AU(111) ELECTRODE; ELECTROCATALYSTS; SURFACE; PT(111); GROWTH; ALLOY AB The Pt monolayer-shell Pd nanowires/nanorods-core (Pt-ML/Pd-NW(Pd-NR)) electrocatalysts, supported on carbon nanoparticles are notable for their very high activity and stable performance towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In the present work Pd nanostructures are electrochemically deposited on oxidized carbon (C-OX) surface and the impact of the deposition parameters on the deposits morphology is studied. The electrochemical deposition of Pd nanowires is demonstrated for the first time, and a viable mechanism for the growth of Pd nanostructures is proposed. The one-dimensional growth of the Pd nanowires is ascribed to the hydrogen-underpotential-mediated layer-by-layer deposition of Pd. In addition, the surface structure of deposited nanowires is composed predominantly of {111}-oriented facets that facilitate the enhanced ORR activity and stability of the Pt-ML/Pd-NW/C-OX electrocatalysts. The Pt mass and specific activities of these electrocatalysts, as well as their stable performance under potential cycling conditions, are significantly higher than those of the commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts, and highlight their great potential for resolving the remaining obstacles to commercializing PEMFCs. C1 [Bliznakov, S. T.; Vukmirovic, M. B.; Yang, L.; Adzic, R. R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bliznakov, ST (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4; 978-1-60768-254-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1055 EP 1066 DI 10.1149/1.3635638 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800100 ER PT S AU Cullen, DA More, KL Reeves, KS Vernstrom, GD Atanasoska, LL Haugen, GM Atanasoski, RT AF Cullen, D. A. More, K. L. Reeves, K. S. Vernstrom, G. D. Atanasoska, L. L. Haugen, G. M. Atanasoski, R. T. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Characterization of durable nanostructured thin film catalysts tested under transient conditions using analytical aberration-corrected electron microscopy SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID ELECTROCATALYSTS AB The stability of Ru0.1Ir0.9 oxidation evolution reaction (OER) catalysts deposited on Pt-coated nanostructured thin films (NSTFs) has been investigated by aberration-corrected electron microscopy. Accelerated stress tests showed that the OER catalysts significantly improved the durability of the Pt under cell reversal conditions. High-resolution images of the end-of-life NSTFs showed significant Ir loss from the whisker surfaces, while no Pt loss was observed. The retention of the Pt indicated that the OER catalysts had protected the catalyst-coated whisker surfaces from degradation. C1 [Cullen, D. A.; More, K. L.; Reeves, K. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cullen, DA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Cullen, David/A-2918-2015; More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI Cullen, David/0000-0002-2593-7866; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1099 EP 1103 DI 10.1149/1.3635642 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800104 ER PT S AU Wu, G Chung, HT Nelson, M Artyushkova, K More, KL Johnston, CM Zelenay, P AF Wu, Gang Chung, Hoon T. Nelson, Mark Artyushkova, Kateryna More, Karen L. Johnston, Christina M. Zelenay, Piotr BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Graphene-Enriched Co9S8-N-C Non-Precious Metal Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID ONION-LIKE CARBON; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROCATALYSTS; KINETICS; ELECTROREDUCTION; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTROLYTE; EVOLUTION; MEMBRANE; COBALT AB In this work, a non-precious metal catalyst consisting of Co9S8 nanoparticles surrounded with nitrogen-doped graphene-like carbon (Co9S8-N-C) was developed for oxygen reduction in alkaline media. Improved activity has been measured with the Co9S8-N-C catalyst relative to Pt/C and a non-precious metal catalyst based on Fe instead of Co (Fe-N-C). An extensive physical characterization, including XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS and electrochemical kinetic analysis was conducted to provide insight into the catalyst morphology and structure. C1 [Wu, Gang; Chung, Hoon T.; Nelson, Mark; Johnston, Christina M.; Zelenay, Piotr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wu, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Artyushkova, Kateryna/B-4709-2008; More, Karren/A-8097-2016; OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Artyushkova, Kateryna/0000-0002-2611-0422; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Chung, Hoon/0000-0002-5367-9294 NR 29 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1709 EP 1717 DI 10.1149/1.3635702 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800164 ER PT S AU Li, Q Wu, G Johnston, CM Zelenay, P AF Li, Qing Wu, Gang Johnston, Christina M. Zelenay, Piotr BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Anode Catalysts for the Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; ACID-SOLUTIONS; ELECTRODE; DME; CROSSOVER; MECHANISM AB For the last decade, dimethyl ether (DME) has been considered a promising alternative fuel for direct fuel cells because of several advantages over methanol. In this work, PtRu catalysts with a wide range of Pt-to-Ru ratios were screened for the direct DME fuel cell (DDMEFC) performance for the first time. Overall, Pt50Ru50 performs best in the high and middle voltage ranges, whereas Pt80Ru20 performs best at low voltages. A maximum power density of 0.10 W/cm(2) is achieved at a current density of 0.37 A/cm(2). In spite of using gaseous DME feed, the measured performance exceeds the best previously published results. The anode activity and fuel crossover of a DDMEFC were investigated in this work and compared to those of a DMFC. The adsorption and electrooxidation of DME on Pt black catalyst were also studied in half-cell electrochemical measurements. C1 [Li, Qing; Wu, Gang; Johnston, Christina M.; Zelenay, Piotr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, Q (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010 OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1969 EP 1977 DI 10.1149/1.3635726 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800188 ER PT S AU Zhu, XB Martin, Z Clark, K Brecht, T Potrekar, RA Burgess, S Kerr, JB AF Zhu, Xiaobing Martin, Zulima Clark, Kyle Brecht, Tobias Potrekar, Ravindra A. Burgess, Sean Kerr, John B. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Ionic-crosslinked interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) Membranes for Anhydrous High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Based on PFSA Ionomer and Functionalized Polysiloxane SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID PROTON-CONDUCTING POLYMERS; KINETICS AB To minimize humidity dependence and enhance temperature tolerance, anhydrous Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEM) are desired to allow fuel cells to operate with conductivities as high as 0.1S/cm at temperatures up to 120 degrees C. Heterocyclic molecules such as imidazole and triazole, similar to water, assist proton conduction due to self-dissociation. By doping into perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer, it could assist proton conducting through Grotthus mechanism, but with potential leaching issues under open circumstance. In this paper, the synthesis of siloxane tethered imidazole or 1,2,4-triazole is described, as is their in-situ polymerization by acidic catalysis with PFSA ionomers. Optically homogeneous membranes were obtained from these procedures. The dry membrane conductivity approaches 10(-3)S/cm, but doping with 30wt.% phosphoric acid shows conductivity of 10(-1)S/cm at 120 degrees C under dry conditions. The crosslinked interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) membranes, were characterized by microscopy, by analytical, electrochemical, thermal/mechanical, and physicochemical means, and tested for durability in the presence of Fenton reagent. C1 [Zhu, Xiaobing; Martin, Zulima; Clark, Kyle; Brecht, Tobias; Potrekar, Ravindra A.; Burgess, Sean; Kerr, John B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhu, XB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 62R203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbkerr@lbl.gov RI Zhu, Xiaobing/C-6122-2013; OI Zhu, Xiaobing/0000-0003-1789-2546 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 2135 EP 2145 DI 10.1149/1.3635744 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800206 ER PT S AU Potrekar, RA Clark, KT Zhu, X Kerr, JB AF Potrekar, R. A. Clark, K. T. Zhu, X. Kerr, J. B. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Blend Membranes of Highly Phosphonated Polysulfone and Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID SYSTEMS AB The aim of the presented work is to develop a polymer electrolyte having the specific composition of polysulfone (PSU) with phosphonic acid groups in the tethered form and polybenzimidazoles, doped with phosphoric acid, which facilitates self-ion transfer. The blended membranes show high proton conductivity (3.8 x 10(-2) S/cm at 170 degrees C at 25% RH) and have good thermal and mechanical properties. C1 [Potrekar, R. A.; Clark, K. T.; Zhu, X.; Kerr, J. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Potrekar, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zhu, Xiaobing/C-6122-2013; OI Zhu, Xiaobing/0000-0003-1789-2546 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 2147 EP 2159 DI 10.1149/1.3635745 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800207 ER PT S AU Chlistunoff, J Wilson, MS Garzon, F AF Chlistunoff, Jerzy Wilson, Mahlon S. Garzon, Fernando BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Narayanan, SR Jones, D Strasser, P SwiderLyons, K Buchi, FN Shirvanian, P Nakagawa, H Uchida, H Mukerjee, S Schmidt, TJ Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Lamy, C Mantz, R TI Electrochemical Studies of Novel Pt/Ceria/C Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Fuel Cells SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) Under the Auspices of the 220th Meeting of the ECS CY OCT, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP ECS, Energy Technol (ETD), Phys & Analyt Electrochem (PAED), Battery (BATT), Ind Electrochem & Electrochem Engn (IEEE), Corros (CORR) ID ELECTROOXIDATION; ELECTROCATALYSTS; PERFORMANCE; CERIA; CEO2 AB Novel Pt/ceria/carbon catalysts with sub-2 nm ceria crystallites embedded in carbon matrixes, recently developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, were studied in aqueous acidic media using rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) and voltammetric techniques. The ceria nanophase was either pure or doped with trivalent gadolinium or praseodymium. The catalysts with lower Pt contents (3.8-5%) had higher specific surface areas and performed better than those with higher Pt contents (>= 8.5%). The doping with either Pr or Gd was found to improve the catalyst specific surface area, whereas Pr doped catalysts exhibited higher specific activities in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) than non-doped and Gd doped catalysts. The former are also more selective for four-electron ORR. The presence of ceria in the catalyst support was found to increase the catalyst tolerance to CO poisoning. C1 [Chlistunoff, Jerzy; Wilson, Mahlon S.; Garzon, Fernando] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chlistunoff, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Wilson, Mahlon/0000-0002-5944-2650 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-255-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 2341 EP 2348 DI 10.1149/1.3635768 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BCB37 UT WOS:000309598800230 ER PT S AU Boovaragavan, V Srinivasan, V AF Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran Srinivasan, Venkat BE Manthiram, A Abraham, KM Meng, S Wang, C TI On the High Rate Capability of LiFePO4 SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM AND LITHIUM ION BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium Ion Batteries held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc, Battery ID LITHIUM; ELECTRODE; DISCHARGE; MODEL AB A pseudo two-dimensional macro-homogeneous model has been used to understand the high-rate capability of LiFePO4. The circumstances that can facilitate the fast and ultra-fast rate behavior of this material are identified and discussed in detail. For the electrode designs used in the studies, it was found that the solid-phase mass transport rate has a significant effect on the rate capability of LiFePO4. The size distribution of the LiFePO4 particles has an effect on the high rate charge and discharge behavior of the material. These and other consequences are discussed using experimental data and model predictions. C1 [Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran; Srinivasan, Venkat] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boovaragavan, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-887-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 29 BP 17 EP 29 DI 10.1149/1.3564866 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA95 UT WOS:000309521900002 ER PT S AU Boovaragavan, V Srinivasan, V AF Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran Srinivasan, Venkat BE Manthiram, A Abraham, KM Meng, S Wang, C TI Investigations on silicon composite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM AND LITHIUM ION BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium Ion Batteries held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc, Battery ID ANODES; LI; DISCHARGE AB A porous electrode model for silicon anodes was developed and used to understand its performance. The model includes the volume change in Si and the phase transformation during the first intercalation reaction in addition to the porous electrode effect, kinetic behavior of Li+ intercalation/de-intercalation in Si, thermodynamic relationships, and mass and charge transport of Li+ in solid and liquid phases. First, the simulations were performed on a very thin (10 mu m) and highly porous (80%) electrode in order to estimate the solid-phase diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions in to the Si nanoparticles. This model and experiment based investigation predicts the value of Li+ diffusion in Si to be as low as 3.25x10(-16) cm(2)/s. Good agreement was seen between the model predictions and experimental data. The effect of particle size on the performance of Si electrode and the conditions under which Li15Si4 formation occurs during intercalation are analyzed. Next, the model was used to analyze the performance of Si when the electrode capacity is matched to a NCA cathode of 80 mu m thickness and 35% porosity with a loading of 3.6 mAh/cm(2) loading. The matching of the anode to cathode was performed for various cycling capacities for the Si (1000, 2000, and 3000 mAh/g) and simulations were conducted to understand the effect of rate on the charging of the anode and the associated concentration and design effects. C1 [Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran; Srinivasan, Venkat] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boovaragavan, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-887-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 29 BP 75 EP 90 DI 10.1149/1.3564871 PG 16 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA95 UT WOS:000309521900007 ER PT S AU Zheng, HH Ridgway, P Song, XY Xun, SD Chong, J Liu, G Battaglia, V AF Zheng, Honghe Ridgway, Paul Song, Xiangyun Xun, Shidi Chong, Jin Liu, Gao Battaglia, Vincent BE Manthiram, A Abraham, KM Meng, S Wang, C TI Comparison of Cycling Performance of Lithium Ion Cell Anode Graphites SO RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM AND LITHIUM ION BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Rechargeable Lithium and Lithium Ion Batteries held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc, Battery AB Battery grade graphite products from major suppliers to the battery industry were evaluated in 2325 coin cells with lithium counter electrodes. First and ongoing cycle efficiency, total and reversible capacity, cycle life and discharge rate performance were measured to compare these anode materials. We then ranked the graphites using a formula which incorporates these performance measures to estimate the cost of the overall system, relative to the cost of a system using MCMB. This analysis indicates that replacing MCMB with CCP-G8 (Conoco Phillips) would add little to no cost, whereas each of the other graphites would lead to a more costly system. Therefore we chose CCP-G8 as the new baseline graphite for the BATT program. C1 [Zheng, Honghe; Ridgway, Paul; Song, Xiangyun; Xun, Shidi; Chong, Jin; Liu, Gao; Battaglia, Vincent] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zheng, HH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-887-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 29 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1149/1.3564872 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA95 UT WOS:000309521900008 ER PT J AU Kremers, S Fichtner, A Brietzke, GB Igel, H Larmat, C Huang, L Kaser, M AF Kremers, S. Fichtner, A. Brietzke, G. B. Igel, H. Larmat, C. Huang, L. Kaeser, M. TI Exploring the potentials and limitations of the time-reversal imaging of finite seismic sources SO SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID EARTHQUAKE SOURCES; SOURCE PARAMETERS; ADJOINT METHODS; TOMOGRAPHY; ASSIMILATION; SEISMOLOGY; ACOUSTICS; INVERSION; MODELS; VALLEY AB The characterisation of seismic sources with time-reversed wave fields is developing into a standard technique that has already been successful in numerous applications. While the time-reversal imaging of effective point sources is now well-understood, little work has been done to extend this technique to the study of finite rupture processes. This is despite the pronounced non-uniqueness in classic finite source inversions. The need to better constrain the details of finite rupture processes motivates the series of synthetic and real-data time reversal experiments described in this paper. We address questions concerning the quality of focussing in the source area, the localisation of the fault plane, the estimation of the slip distribution and the source complexity up to which time-reversal imaging can be applied successfully. The frequency band for the synthetic experiments is chosen such that it is comparable to the band usually employed for finite source inversion. Contrary to our expectations, we find that time-reversal imaging is useful only for effective point sources, where it yields good estimates of both the source location and the origin time. In the case of finite sources, however, the time-reversed field does not provide meaningful characterisations of the fault location and the rupture process. This result cannot be improved sufficiently with the help of different imaging fields, realistic modifications of the receiver geometry or weights applied to the time-reversed sources. The reasons for this failure are manifold. They include the choice of the frequency band, the incomplete recording of wave field information at the surface, the excitation of large-amplitude surface waves that deteriorate the depth resolution, the absence of a sink that should absorb energy radiated during the later stages of the rupture process, the invisibility of small slip and the neglect of prior information concerning the fault geometry and the inherent smoothness of seismo-logically inferred Earth models that prevents the beneficial occurrence of strong multiple-scattering. The condensed conclusion of our study is that the limitations of time-reversal imaging - at least in the frequency band considered here - start where the seismic source stops being effectively point-localised. C1 [Kremers, S.; Fichtner, A.; Brietzke, G. B.; Igel, H.; Kaeser, M.] Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Larmat, C.; Huang, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kremers, S (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Theresienstr 41-3, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM kremers@geophysik.uni-muenchen.de RI Igel, Heiner/E-9580-2010; Fichtner, Andreas/J-2554-2015; OI Larmat, Carene S/0000-0002-3607-7558 FU European Commission; Research and Training Network SPICE; Initial Training Network QUEST FX HI and SK gratefully acknowledge support through the Geophysics Group at Los Alamos National Labs for their research visits in 2008. We thank the Leibniz Rechenzentrum Munich for providing access to their supercomputer facilities and the IT support team (Jens Oeser) at the Geophysics Section of the Department of Earth Sciences at LMU Munich. We are also grateful to Martin Mai for giving us access to the SPICE dataset. We are grateful to J.-P. Montagner and B. Artman whose comments improved the manuscript. This work would not have been possible without the support of the European Commission in connection with the Research and Training Network SPICE (spice-rtn.org) and the Initial Training Network QUEST (quest-itn.org). NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1869-9510 J9 SOLID EARTH JI Solid Earth PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.5194/se-2-95-2011 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 021KJ UT WOS:000309883400009 ER PT S AU Sansinena, JM Nelson, MA Wilson, MS Garzon, FH AF Sansinena, J. M. Nelson, M. A. Wilson, M. S. Garzon, F. H. BE Zaghib, K Julien, C Ramani, V TI Electrochemical Synthesis of Oxygen Reduction Catalysts based on Pt Coated Polypyrrole Nanowires using Starch as Template Molecule SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF NOVEL MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND CONVERSION SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrochemistry of Novel Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Energy Technol, Electrochem Soc ID PEM FUEL-CELLS AB This study demonstrates a new method for the development of low loading Pt catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) based on the electrochemical synthesis of Pt coated polypyrrole (PPY) nanowires. PPY was deposited on different electrodes such as graphite, carbon paper gas diffusion layer (GDL), and glassy carbon by using chemical template molecules such as heparin and starch. Pt coated PPY/starch nanowires show ORR catalytic activity after the electrochemical degradation of PPY, which suggests that PPY/starch nanowires can be electrochemically converted to a stable high surface area support for ORR catalysts. Moreover, these low loading ORR Pt catalysts can be easily incorporated in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) structure as a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) when directly prepared on a GDL. C1 [Sansinena, J. M.; Nelson, M. A.; Wilson, M. S.; Garzon, F. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sansinena, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Wilson, Mahlon/0000-0002-5944-2650 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-885-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 27 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1149/1.3565496 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA88 UT WOS:000309515600002 ER PT S AU Au, M Garcia-Diaz, B Adams, T He, YP Zhao, YP Yassar, RS Ghassemi, H AF Au, Ming Garcia-Diaz, Brenda Adams, Thad He, Yuping Zhao, Yiping Yassar, Reza Shahbazian Ghassemi, Hessam BE Zaghib, K Julien, C Ramani, V TI Tuning Silicon Nanorods for Anodes of Li-Ion Rechargeable Batteries SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF NOVEL MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND CONVERSION SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrochemistry of Novel Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Energy Technol, Electrochem Soc ID SECONDARY BATTERIES; PARTICLES; COMPOSITE; ELECTRODE AB Silicon is a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries in regarding of high capacity, low cost and safety, but it suffers poor cycling stability due to the pulverization induced by severe volume expansion/shrinkage (297%) during lithium insertion/extraction. In our previous investigation on aluminum nanorods anodes, it is found the selection of substrates in which Al nanorods grown plays the significant role in prevention of pulverization resulting in the increase of cycling life [1]. Adapting this knowledge, we investigated the Si based nanorods by tuning its composition and element distribution. Our results show that the Si-Cu composite nanorods demonstrated sustainable capacity of 500 mAh/g in 100 cycles attributing to its flexible and less brittle nature. C1 [Au, Ming; Garcia-Diaz, Brenda; Adams, Thad] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Au, M (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. EM ming.au@srnl.doe.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-885-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 27 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1149/1.3565498 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA88 UT WOS:000309515600004 ER PT S AU Salazar-Villalpando, MD AF Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D. BE Zaghib, K Julien, C Ramani, V TI Effect of Electrolyte on the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF NOVEL MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND CONVERSION SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrochemistry of Novel Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Energy Technol, Electrochem Soc ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; COPPER ELECTRODE; 3-PHASE INTERFACE; CU ELECTRODES; ETHYLENE; METHANE; HYDROCARBONS; ADSORPTION; PRESSURE; SURFACE AB Electrochemical experiments were carried out in a laboratory-made, divided H-type cell to study the electrochemical reduction of CO2. A copper wire, Ag/AgCl electrode and Pt wire were used as the working, reference and counter electrode, respectively. A potential ramp between 0 and -1.2 V was applied to the cell and the current was monitored as a function of potential. The effect of the electrolyte on the electrochemical reduction of CO2 was investigated by using NaHCO3 and KHCO3. It was observed that the latter electrolyte favored higher currents. This may be related to the cation size and electro negativity. The role of the electrolyte in this reaction may be explained by assuming that CO2 bonds to HCO3- and K+, generating intermediate specie prior to its electrochemical reduction. This would explain that the current increased as a function of KHCO3 concentration. The insertion of CO2 between the anion and the cation is a very important step in the electrochemical reaction. The formation of a new HCO3-C bond results in the weaking of C-O bond and the activation of CO2 occurs. The electron transfer from the electrode to the CO2 is facilitated. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Salazar-Villalpando, MD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-885-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 27 BP 77 EP 88 DI 10.1149/1.3565504 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA88 UT WOS:000309515600010 ER PT B AU Birn, J AF Birn, Joachim BE Lui, W Fujimoto, M TI Magnetotail Dynamics: Survey of Recent Progress SO DYNAMIC MAGNETOSPHERE SE IAGA Special Sopron Book Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRIGGERING SUBSTORM ONSET; THIN CURRENT SHEETS; BURSTY BULK FLOWS; TILTED CURRENT SHEETS; PLASMA SHEET; DOUBLE STAR; TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; CLUSTER OBSERVATIONS; EARTHS MAGNETOTAIL; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL AB This survey focuses on three topics of magnetotail dynamics which constitute the vast majority of publications on tail dynamics in the period of this survey, from about mid 2007 to mid 2009: (1) the formation and properties of thin current sheets, (2) the timing of characteristic features around substorm onset, and (3) the properties of fast plasma flows, commonly denoted "bursty bulk flows" (BBFs), and associated dipolarization events. It is concluded that current sheet thinning from external deformation, accompanied by a reduction of B-z provides a viable mechanism for the onset of current sheet activity. After the first THEMIS results, the substorm onset timing remains controversial. However, it can be concluded that the onset arc brightening cannot be the consequence of dipolarization (current disruption) or reconnection and that there is a strong connection between earthward flow bursts and dipolarization events. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbirn@lanl.gov NR 92 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0500-5 J9 IAGA SPEC SOPRON PY 2011 VL 3 BP 49 EP 63 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0501-2_4 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0501-2 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BYW59 UT WOS:000300646400004 ER PT B AU Jordanova, VK AF Jordanova, Vania K. BE Lui, W Fujimoto, M TI Self-Consistent Simulations of Plasma Waves and Their Effects on Energetic Particles SO DYNAMIC MAGNETOSPHERE SE IAGA Special Sopron Book Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; LINEAR DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; RING CURRENT; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; CHARGE-EXCHANGE; HEAVY-IONS; MODEL AB Understanding wave-particle interactions and their effects on energetic particle dynamics in near-Earth space is needed to develop models with predictive space weather capabilities. The local acceleration and/or loss of relativistic electrons are associated with two dominant magnetospheric plasma waves, whistler mode chorus emissions and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves. The generation and propagation characteristics of EMIC waves depend strongly on the presence of both cold and energetic heavy ions (mainly He+ and O+) in the plasmas, which varies significantly with geomagnetic and solar activity. We present self-consistent studies of the excitation of these waves during geomagnetic storms after the fresh injection of plasma sheet particles into the inner magnetosphere. We use our four-dimensional (4D) kinetic ring current-atmosphere interactions model (RAM), which includes time-dependent convective transport and radial diffusion, all major loss processes, and is coupled with a dynamic (2D) plasmasphere model. The boundary conditions are specified by a plasma sheet source population at geosynchronous orbit that varies both in space and time. We calculate the pitch angle anisotropy of ring current ions and electrons and identify equatorial regions for potential growth of EMIC waves and whistler mode chorus, respectively. We show that He+ band EMIC wave excitation may be significantly reduced by ring current O+ ions during storm peak conditions when O+ contribution increases. We find that the linear growth rate of chorus waves maximizes at large L shells in the midnight-to-dawn local time sector, while EMIC waves are most intense in the afternoon sector in agreement with previous satellite observations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jordanova, VK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743 NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0500-5 J9 IAGA SPEC SOPRON PY 2011 VL 3 BP 189 EP 199 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0501-2_10 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0501-2 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BYW59 UT WOS:000300646400010 ER PT S AU Driscoll, PF Yang, L Gervais, M Kerr, JB AF Driscoll, Peter F. Yang, Li Gervais, Matthieu Kerr, John B. BE Liaw, BY Kostecki, R Trulove, P TI Polyelectrolyte Membranes Containing Lithium Malonato( difluoro) borate for Lithium Ion Systems SO ELECTRODE-ELECTROLYTE INTERFACES IN LI-ION BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces in Li-Ion Batteries held during the 218th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery, Phys & Analyt Electrochem ID BRANCHED POLYEPOXIDE ETHERS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CONDUCTORS; BATTERIES; BIS(ALLYLMALONATO)BORATE; GEL AB A new salt, lithium malonato(difluoro) borate (LiMDFB), and two similar analogues, were synthesized and incorporated into polymer electrolyte membranes to investigate the bulk and interfacial properties as both a binary salt system and a single-ion conducting electrolyte for lithium ion batteries. Symmetric lithium/lithium cells were assembled with membranes composed of polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with LiMDFB analogues along with LiTFSI for comparison. Conductivities and exchange current densities were determined from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements and the interfacial impedance was shown contribute significantly to the overall impedance for LiMDFB cells. C1 [Driscoll, Peter F.; Yang, Li; Gervais, Matthieu; Kerr, John B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Driscoll, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-879-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 33 IS 23 BP 33 EP 53 DI 10.1149/1.3557699 PG 21 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BCA49 UT WOS:000309451600003 ER PT S AU Papageorgopoulos, DC Benjamin, TG Kopasz, JP Podolski, WF AF Papageorgopoulos, D. C. Benjamin, T. G. Kopasz, J. P. Podolski, W. F. BE Williams, MC Garland, N TI Status of the U. S. Department Of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Fuel Cell Research and Development Efforts SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2010 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY OCT 18-21, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program, in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), seeks to enable the widespread commercialization of fuel cells, through applied research and development (R&D) to overcome technical barriers, as well as through efforts to reduce institutional and market barriers. In support of this goal, DOE funds a broad range of fuel cell R&D activities with emphasis on materials, fuel cell stack components, balance of plant (BOP) subsystems, and integrated fuel cell systems targeting lower cost and enhanced durability. Fuel cell system cost estimates for transportation applications have illustrated that catalysts and system BOP are major cost drivers at high-volume production. Membranes are a cost driver at lower production volumes. The DOE has supported research to develop improved fuel cell catalysts and membranes, and to characterize and optimize transport phenomena to improve membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and stack performance. C1 [Papageorgopoulos, D. C.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Papageorgopoulos, DC (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-883-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1149/1.3562454 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BCA08 UT WOS:000309358700001 ER PT S AU Blackmore, KJ Bauer, E Elbaz, L Brosha, EL McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK AF Blackmore, K. J. Bauer, E. Elbaz, L. Brosha, E. L. McCleskey, T. M. Burrell, A. K. BE Williams, MC Garland, N TI Engineered Nano-scale Ceramic Supports for PEM Fuel Cells SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2010 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY OCT 18-21, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX ID ELECTROCATALYST; PLATINUM; ELECTRODES AB Alternative supports for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells were synthesized and catalytic activity was explored using electrochemical analysis. High surface area, molybdenum nitride supports were synthesized by rapidly heating a gel of polyethyleneimine bound molybdenum in a tube furnace under a forming gas atmosphere. Subsequent disposition of platinum through an incipient wetness approach lead to dispersed crystallites of platinum on the conductive support. The supports without platinum are highly stable to acidic aqueous conditions and show no signs of oxygen reduction reactivity (ORR). However, once the 20 wt% platinum is added to the material, ORR activity comparable to XC72 based materials is observed. C1 [Blackmore, K. J.; Bauer, E.; Elbaz, L.; Brosha, E. L.; McCleskey, T. M.; Burrell, A. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Blackmore, KJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; OI Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-883-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1149/1.3562462 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BCA08 UT WOS:000309358700009 ER PT S AU Liu, DJ Goenaga, G Ma, SQ Yuan, SW Shui, JL AF Liu, Di-Jia Goenaga, Gabriel Ma, Shengqian Yuan, Shengwen Shui, Jianglan BE Williams, MC Garland, N TI NEW APPROACHES TO NON-PGM CATALYSTS THROUGH RATIONAL DESIGN SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2010 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY OCT 18-21, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX ID ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBES; FUEL-CELL CATHODE; REDUCTION; OXYGEN AB The catalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode represents the rate-limiting step in the overall electrocatalytic process inside of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The platinum group metals (PGMs) are current materials of choice for the cathode catalyst. Their high costs and limited reserves pose a significant challenge in implementing PEMFC for broad base commercial application. In this report, we discuss some of our recent activities in developing non-PGM electrocatalysts using rational design and synthesis approach. A variety of porous organic materials were developed as the catalyst precursors for the preparation of ORR catalysts with high surface area and active site density free of additional carbon support. Electrocatalytic activity and physical property of the new catalysts were investigated by various techniques in an attempt to understand the process of the active site formation. C1 [Liu, Di-Jia; Goenaga, Gabriel; Ma, Shengqian; Yuan, Shengwen; Shui, Jianglan] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM djliu@anl.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-883-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1149/1.3562464 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BCA08 UT WOS:000309358700011 ER PT S AU Bloom, I Walker, LK Basco, JK Malkow, T De Marco, G Tsotridis, G AF Bloom, I. Walker, L. K. Basco, J. K. Malkow, T. De Marco, G. Tsotridis, G. BE Williams, MC Garland, N TI A Comparison of Fuel Cell Test Protocols SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2010 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY OCT 18-21, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX AB Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) and JRC-IE are collaborating with the European Union's FCTESQA project to compare and validate the fuel cell test protocols being developed by the European Union and the United States. These protocols consist of how to obtain polarization curves and cycling profiles. The work at Argonne showed that when performed at one site, there were no significant differences in the shape and trend of the polarization curve. These findings were observed using two fuel cells stacks representing different technologies. In the polarization data there was a test-site-to-test-site difference, on the order of 5%. Thus far, the work with the cycling profiles showed that there are also differences in how the stack ages. The underlying reasons for these differences are under investigation. C1 [Bloom, I.; Walker, L. K.; Basco, J. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-883-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1149/1.3562478 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BCA08 UT WOS:000309358700025 ER PT S AU Ho, DL Kopasz, JP Benjamin, TG Podolski, WF AF Ho, D. L. Kopasz, J. P. Benjamin, T. G. Podolski, W. F. BE Williams, MC Garland, N TI The US Department of Energy Efforts in Fuel Cells for Portable Power Applications SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2010 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY OCT 18-21, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX AB It is anticipated that portable power applications, such as consumer electronics, notebook PCs, unattended security devices, battery chargers, and emergency response mobile communications will provide an early market for fuel cell technologies. Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are well suited for these applications where the power requirements are low and the cost targets and infrastructure requirements are not as demanding as for transportation applications. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is funding efforts to develop new cell components such as membranes and catalysts and is supporting system development and design to meet performance, durability, packaging and life-cycle cost targets. This paper describes the approaches being taken by DOE-funded researchers, recent progress, and the current state-of-the-art. C1 [Ho, D. L.] US DOE, Fuel Cell Technol Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Ho, DL (reprint author), US DOE, Fuel Cell Technol Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-883-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1149/1.3562489 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BCA08 UT WOS:000309358700036 ER PT J AU Biswas, R Xu, C Zhao, WJ Liu, R Shinar, R Shinar, J AF Biswas, Rana Xu, Chun Zhao, Weijun Liu, Rui Shinar, Ruth Shinar, Joseph TI Simulations of emission from microcavity tandem organic light-emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE photonics; light emission; simulation; microcavity tandem organic light-emitting diodes ID RESONANT CAVITIES; DEVICES; DESIGN AB Microcavity tandem organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are simulated and compared to experimental results. The simulations are based on two complementary techniques: rigorous finite element solutions of Maxwell's equations and Fourier space scattering matrix solutions. A narrowing and blue shift of the emission spectrum relative to the noncavity single unit OLED is obtained both theoretically and experimentally. In the simulations, a distribution of emitting sources is placed near the interface of the electron transport layer tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) Al (Alq(3)) and the hole transport layer (N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine (alpha-NPB). Far-field electric field intensities are simulated. The simulated widths of the emission peaks also agree with the experimental results. The simulations of the 2-unit tandem OLEDs shifted the emission to shorter wavelength, in agreement with experimental measurements. The emission spectra's dependence on individual layer thicknesses also agreed well with measurements. Approaches to simulate and improve the light emission intensity from these OLEDs, in particular for white OLEDs, are discussed. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3552947] C1 [Biswas, Rana; Xu, Chun; Liu, Rui; Shinar, Joseph] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Biswas, Rana; Xu, Chun; Zhao, Weijun; Shinar, Ruth] Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biswas, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM biswasr@iastate.edu FU Department of Energy, Division of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0601377] FX We acknowledge very helpful discussions with K. M. Ho and Ames Laboratory Photonics group members. Research at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, Division of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. R. B. acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation through Grant No. ECCS-0601377. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 26 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1947-7988 J9 J PHOTON ENERGY JI J. Photonics Energy PY 2011 VL 1 SI 1 AR 011016 DI 10.1117/1.3552947 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 014FW UT WOS:000309361600016 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Cai, M Hellerich, E Liu, R Gan, ZQ Shinar, R Shinar, J AF Chen, Ying Cai, Min Hellerich, Emily Liu, Rui Gan, Zhengqing Shinar, Ruth Shinar, Joseph TI Evidence for holes beyond the recombination zone and trions in the electron transport layer of organic light-emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE holes beyond the recombination zone; optically detected magnetic resonance; photoinduced absorption-detected magnetic resonance; photoluminescence-detected magnetic resonance; electroluminescence-detected magnetic resonance; electrically detected magnetic resonance; transient electroluminescence spikes ID DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PI-CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; POLARONS; EXCITONS; POLY(PARAPHENYLENEVINYLENE); PHOTOEXCITATIONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; FABRICATION; BIPOLARONS AB Recent electroluminescence (EL) detected magnetic resonance and transient EL studies reveal the presence and role of holes that drift beyond the recombination zone and approach the cathode in small molecular organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with specific materials and structures. In particular, these studies suggest that these holes are responsible for trion (i.e., a bipolaron stabilized by a counterpolaron on an adjacent molecule) formation in the electron transport layer, and may contribute to EL spikes observed at the end of a bias pulse. The significance of these holes to overall OLED performance is discussed. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3569107] C1 [Chen, Ying; Cai, Min; Hellerich, Emily; Liu, Rui; Gan, Zhengqing; Shinar, Joseph] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, Ying; Cai, Min; Hellerich, Emily; Liu, Rui; Gan, Zhengqing; Shinar, Joseph] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shinar, Ruth] Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shinar, Ruth] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jshinar@iastate.edu RI Cai, Min/A-2678-2014 FU US Department of Energy (USDOE) [DE-AC 02-07CH11358]; Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, USDOE FX Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University for the US Department of Energy (USDOE) under Contract No. DE-AC 02-07CH11358. This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, USDOE. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1947-7988 J9 J PHOTON ENERGY JI J. Photonics Energy PY 2011 VL 1 SI 1 AR 011017 DI 10.1117/1.3569107 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 014FW UT WOS:000309361600017 ER PT J AU Polikarpov, E Koech, PK Wang, L Swensen, JS Cosimbescu, L Rainbolt, JE Von Ruden, AL Gaspar, DJ Padmaperuma, AB AF Polikarpov, Evgueni Koech, Phillip K. Wang, Liang Swensen, James S. Cosimbescu, Lelia Rainbolt, James E. Von Ruden, Amber L. Gaspar, Daniel J. Padmaperuma, Asanga B. TI Controlling charge transport in blue organic light-emitting devices by chemical functionalization of host materials SO JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE phosphorescence; host materials; blue light-emitting devices; organic light-emitting devices; charge balance ID TRIPLET EXCITONS; EFFICIENT; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENCE; DIODES AB We report the photophysical characterization, computational results, and device properties for ambipolar phosphine oxide-based host materials that were chemically functionalized to control the charge transport. We study the effects of structural modifications of phosphine oxide hosts on the charge balance in the emissive zone of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Significant changes in charge transport within the emissive layer are observed upon introduction of functional groups, such as pyridine and carbazole, into the organic phosphine oxide host structure. We demonstrate that rational design of host materials allows for the control of charge balance in the emissive zone of OLEDs. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3528499] C1 [Polikarpov, Evgueni; Koech, Phillip K.; Wang, Liang; Swensen, James S.; Cosimbescu, Lelia; Rainbolt, James E.; Von Ruden, Amber L.; Gaspar, Daniel J.; Padmaperuma, Asanga B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Polikarpov, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Phillip.Koech@pnl.gov RI Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011; OI Koech, Phillip/0000-0003-2996-0593 FU Solid State Lighting Program of the U.S. Dept. of Energy [M68004043]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was funded by the Solid State Lighting Program of the U.S. Dept. of Energy, within the Building Technologies Program (BT), Award No. M68004043 and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. Computations were carried out using NWChem, A Computational Chemistry Package for Parallel Computers, Version 5.1 (2007), developed at the High Performance Computational Chemistry Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352-0999. Extensible Computational Chemistry Environment (ECCE), A Problem Solving Environment for Computational Chemistry, Software Version 6.0 (2009), as developed and distributed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, was used to obtain some of these results. We thank Dr. Alan Joly for the assistance in collecting low-temperature phosphorescence spectra. A portion of the research described in this paper was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1947-7988 J9 J PHOTON ENERGY JI J. Photonics Energy PY 2011 VL 1 SI 1 AR 011007 DI 10.1117/1.3528499 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 014FW UT WOS:000309361600007 ER PT J AU Swensen, JS Rainbolt, JE Wang, L Koech, PK Polikarpov, E Padmaperuma, AB Gaspar, DJ AF Swensen, James S. Rainbolt, James E. Wang, Liang Koech, Phillip K. Polikarpov, Evgueni Padmaperuma, Asanga B. Gaspar, Daniel J. TI Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices utilizing cesium-carbonate-doped 2,4,6-tris(2 ',4 '-difluoro-[1,1 '-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine SO JOURNAL OF PHOTONICS FOR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE p-i-n organic light-emitting devices; doping; phosphorescence; cesium carbonate; triazine ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT LAYER; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; DIODES; INJECTION; CATHODE; DOPANT; FILMS; LIF AB We report an alternative, high-yielding synthesis for the known compound 2,4,6-tris(2',4'-difluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (tris-(dFB)Tz). The energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E-LUMO) for tris-(dFB) Tz is estimated to be -3.5 eV from electrochemical measurements. The deep E-LUMO of tris-(dFB)Tz affords a material with excellent electron acceptor characteristics for use in n-doped electron transport layers. Tris-(dFB)Tz shows a four order of magnitude increase in the number of carriers on doping with 8 wt. % Cs2CO3. Enhanced electron injection was also observed on doping with Cs2CO3, which eliminated the necessity for a separate LiF electron injection layer. Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) were fabricated using n-doped tris-(dFB)Tz electron transport layers. OLEDs with thick (700-angstrom) Cs2CO3-doped tris-(dFB)Tz electron transport layers had lower operating voltages than OLEDS with an undoped electron transport layer of bis(diphenylphosphoryl)dibenzothiophene (PO15), which has previously been used in low-voltage, high-efficiency OLEDs. The tris-(dFB)Tz results indicate that aromatic substituted triazines may be promising materials for use as electron acceptors in n-doped organic electronic systems. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3528003] C1 [Swensen, James S.; Rainbolt, James E.; Wang, Liang; Koech, Phillip K.; Polikarpov, Evgueni; Padmaperuma, Asanga B.; Gaspar, Daniel J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Swensen, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Daniel.Gaspar@pnl.gov RI Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011; OI Koech, Phillip/0000-0003-2996-0593 FU Solid State Lighting Program of the U.S. Department of Energy (US DOE) [M6743231]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; US DOE [DE_AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This project was funded by the Solid State Lighting Program of the U.S. Department of Energy (US DOE), within the Building Technologies Program (Award No. M6743231, managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory). A portion of this research was performed using the Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Computations were performed using NWChem, a computational chemistry package for parallel computers, version 5.1 (2007), which was developed at the High Performance Computational Chemistry Group, PNNL, Richland, Washington. PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US DOE (under Contract No. DE_AC06-76RLO 1830). NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1947-7988 J9 J PHOTON ENERGY JI J. Photonics Energy PY 2011 VL 1 SI 1 AR 011008 DI 10.1117/1.3528003 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 014FW UT WOS:000309361600008 ER PT S AU Hess-Flores, M Knoblauch, D Duchaineau, MA Joy, KI Kuester, F AF Hess-Flores, Mauricio Knoblauch, Daniel Duchaineau, Mark A. Joy, Kenneth I. Kuester, Falko BE Ho, YS TI Ray Divergence-Based Bundle Adjustment Conditioning for Multi-view Stereo SO ADVANCES IN IMAGE AND VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, PT I SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Pacific-Rim Symposium on Video and Image Technology CY NOV 20-23, 2011 CL Gwangju, SOUTH KOREA SP GIST, Realist Broadcast Res Ctr, GIST, Ctr Informat Technol Educ, Gwangju Convent & Visitors Bur, MPEG Forum Korea DE Multi-view reconstruction; ray divergence; weighted bundle adjustment; confidence ellipsoids; image feature covariances ID CAMERA; SCALE; 3D AB An algorithm that shows how ray divergence in multi-view stereo scene reconstruction can be used towards improving bundle adjustment weighting and conditioning is presented. Starting with a set of feature tracks, ray divergence when attempting to compute scene structure for each track is first obtained. Assuming accurate feature matching, ray divergence reveals mainly camera parameter estimation inaccuracies. Due to its smooth variation across neighboring feature tracks, from its histogram a set of weights can be computed that can be used in bundle adjustment to improve its convergence properties. It is proven that this novel weighting scheme results in lower reprojection errors and faster processing times than others such as image feature covariances, making it very suitable in general for applications involving multi-view pose and structure estimation. C1 [Hess-Flores, Mauricio; Joy, Kenneth I.] Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Knoblauch, Daniel; Kuester, Falko] Univ Calif, San Diego, CA USA. [Duchaineau, Mark A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Hess-Flores, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mhessf@ucdavis.edu; dknoblau@ucsd.edu; duchaine@llnl.gov; kijoy@ucdavis.edu; fkuester@ucsd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-25366-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 7087 BP 153 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BBX72 UT WOS:000308577000014 ER PT S AU Yan, GH Chen, SQ Eidenbenz, S AF Yan, Guanhua Chen, Songqing Eidenbenz, Stephan BE Lai, XJ Zhou, JY Li, H TI RatBot: Anti-enumeration Peer-to-Peer Botnets SO INFORMATION SECURITY SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Information Security Conference (ISC) CY OCT 26-29, 2011 CL Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA SP China Comp Federat, Xidian Univ, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ AB As evidenced by the recent botnet turf war between Spy Eye and Zeus, the cyber space has been witnessing an increasing number of battles or wars involving botnets among different groups, organizations, or even countries. One important aspect of a cyber war is accurately estimating the attack capacity of the enemy. Particularly, each party in a botnet war would be interested in knowing how many compromised machines his adversaries possess. Towards this end, a technique often adopted is to infiltrate into an adversary's botnet and enumerate observed hots through active crawling or passive monitoring methods. In this work, we study potential tactics that a botnet can deploy to protect itself from being enumerated. More specifically, we are interested in how a botnet owner can bluff the botnet size in order to intimidate the adversary, gain media attention, or win a contract. We introduce RatBot, a P2P botnet that is able to defeat existing botnet enumeration methods. The key idea of RatBot is the existence of a fraction of bots that are indistinguishable from their fake identities. RatBot prevents adversaries from inferring its size even after its executables are fully exposed. To study the practical feasibility of RatBot, we implement it, based on KAD, and use large-scale high-fidelity simulation to quantify the estimation errors under diverse settings. The results show that a naive enumeration technique can significantly overestimate the sizes of P2P botnets. We further present a few countermeasures that can potentially defeat RatBot's anti-enumeration scheme. C1 [Yan, Guanhua; Eidenbenz, Stephan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chen, Songqing] George Mason Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Yan, GH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0071]; NSF [CNS-0746649] FX Songqing Chen is partially supported by AFOSR grant FA9550-09-1-0071 and NSF grant CNS-0746649. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24860-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 7001 BP 135 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBF98 UT WOS:000306719400010 ER PT J AU Vella-Brodrick, DA Delbosc, A AF Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A. Delbosc, Alexa BE Currie, G TI Measuring Well-Being SO NEW PERSPECTIVES AND METHODS IN TRANSPORT AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; COMMUNITY INDEX; NEGATIVE AFFECT; HAPPY PEOPLE; HAPPINESS; HEALTH; PARTICIPATION; SATISFACTION; PERSONALITY; SCALE AB Purpose - In this chapter a case will be made for the importance of measuring well-being in transport mobility research. A number of well-being measures and determinants of well-being will be presented in reference to the current project. This chapter will then conclude with some practical recommendations for transport mobility researchers wishing to include well-being measures in their future studies. Methodology - Measurement methods associated with previous transport mobility and well-being research will be critically examined so that strengths and limitations can be identified. The measurement approach to well-being adopted for the current project will be presented and associated challenges experienced by the research team will then be discussed. Findings - A review of the extant transport mobility research which includes an assessment of well-being shows that it is not uncommon for unstandardised measures of well-being to be adopted. In addition, exploration of relationships between transport mobility and well-being are often undertaken without any consideration of potential moderating or mediating factors. More work is needed to advance our knowledge of the transport mobility and well-being relationship and the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship. Research also needs to focus on undertaking longitudinal studies which will enable causation to be established. C1 [Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A.] Monash Univ, Emot & Well Being Res Unit, Sch Psychol & Psychiat, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A.] APS, College Pk, MD USA. [Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A.] APS Coll Hlth Psychologists, College Pk, MD USA. [Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A.] Posit Psychol Network, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A.] IPPA, Execut Board, Mt Royal, NJ USA. [Delbosc, Alexa] Monash Univ, Inst Transport Studies, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Delbosc, Alexa] Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Delbosc, Alexa] Collaborat Australian Res Council Project Invest, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Vella-Brodrick, DA (reprint author), Monash Univ, Emot & Well Being Res Unit, Sch Psychol & Psychiat, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78052-200-5 PY 2011 BP 91 EP 110 PG 20 WC Economics; Transportation SC Business & Economics; Transportation GA BAJ71 UT WOS:000304367800007 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI Basics of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AUTOMATIC VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_1 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 23 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000001 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI Characteristics and Limitations of Conventional RFIDs SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 25 EP 49 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 25 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000002 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI Improvements in RFID Physical Layer Using Ultra-wideband Signals SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SYSTEMS C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 51 EP 85 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_3 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 35 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000003 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI Ultra-Wideband Technology for RF Tags: Concepts, Implementations, and Regulations SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CMOS PULSE-GENERATOR; TRANSMITTER; SYSTEMS C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 87 EP 109 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_4 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 23 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000004 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI Antenna Design for Ultra-wideband Passive RFID Systems SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 111 EP 138 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_5 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 28 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000005 ER PT B AU Nekoogar, F Dowla, F AF Nekoogar, Faranak Dowla, Farid BA Nekoogar, F Dowla, F BF Nekoogar, F Dowla, F TI RF Tags for Special Applications SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Nekoogar, Faranak; Dowla, Farid] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nekoogar, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov; nekoogar1@llnl.gov; dowla1@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-9700-5 PY 2011 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BYK76 UT WOS:000299178000006 ER PT B AU Larsen, PE Collart, F Meyer, F Gilbert, JA AF Larsen, Peter E. Collart, Frank Meyer, Folker Gilbert, Jack A. BE Pellegrini, M Fred, A Filipe, J Gamboa, H TI PREDICTED RELATIVE METABOLOMIC TURNOVER Predicting Changes in the Environmental Metabolome from the Metagenome SO BIOINFORMATICS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conferene on Bioinformatics Models, Methods and Algorithms CY JAN 26-29, 2011 CL Rome, ITALY SP Inst Syst & Technol Informat, Control & Commun, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc, IEEE, Portugal EMBS Chapter, ESEM, BMES DE Metagenomics; Metatranscriptmics; Marine; Ecology; Metabolomics; Modeling; Metabolites ID GENOMES; DATABASE; GENES; DEGRADATION; SEQUENCES; PATHWAYS; BACTERIA AB Metagenomics, the sequencing and analysis of genomic DNA extracted directly from an environment, can provide insight into taxonomic and functional diversity, but there are few tools for directly comparing metabolomes predicted from metagenomic data sets. We present a new method, Predicted Relative Metabolomic Turnover (PRMT), for comparing the predicted environmental metabolomes encoded in separate metagenomes and identifying those compounds predicted to be differentially metabolized. The PRMT method was validated using three separate sets of ocean metagenomic sequence studies, totaling 15 metagenomic samples, over 4.5 million sequence fragments and over 840 million base pairs. These data sets enable the construction of models representative of the environmental metabolome of the English Channel. Not only did 88% of the predicted metabolic Predicted Metabolic Relative Turnover shows excellent correlation with observed oceanographic parameters, but PRMT derived parameters are shown to generate potentially constructive and testable biological hypotheses that could form the basis for future biological experiments. C1 [Larsen, Peter E.; Collart, Frank; Meyer, Folker; Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Larsen, PE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gilbertjack@anl.gov OI Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284; Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SCITEPRESS PI SETUBAL PA AV D MANUELL, 27A 2 ESQ, SETUBAL, 2910-595, PORTUGAL BN 978-989-8425-36-2 PY 2011 BP 337 EP 345 PG 9 WC Medical Informatics SC Medical Informatics GA BBW54 UT WOS:000308455800057 ER PT B AU Meyer, F Kyrpides, N AF Meyer, Folker Kyrpides, Nikos BE Pellegrini, M Fred, A Filipe, J Gamboa, H TI PROPOSAL FOR OPEN DISCUSSION Informatics Challenges for Next Generation Sequencing Metagenomics Experiments SO BIOINFORMATICS 2011 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conferene on Bioinformatics Models, Methods and Algorithms CY JAN 26-29, 2011 CL Rome, ITALY SP Inst Syst & Technol Informat, Control & Commun, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc, IEEE, Portugal EMBS Chapter, ESEM, BMES DE Metagenomics; Next gen Sequencing; Democratization of Sequencing ID RARE BIOSPHERE; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; GENOME; RESOURCE; SAMPLES; SEA AB With DNA sequence data production no longer the bottleneck in microbial studies, a rapidly increasing number of researchers from diverse areas of interest can now use metagenomic tools to study their environment of interest. The large quantities of sequence data becoming available are posing significant challenges to the existing analysis tools and indeed to the community providing analysis portals. C1 [Meyer, Folker] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Meyer, F (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCITEPRESS PI SETUBAL PA AV D MANUELL, 27A 2 ESQ, SETUBAL, 2910-595, PORTUGAL BN 978-989-8425-36-2 PY 2011 BP 363 EP 366 PG 4 WC Medical Informatics SC Medical Informatics GA BBW54 UT WOS:000308455800060 ER PT J AU Patti, GJ Tautenhahn, R Fonslow, BR Cho, Y Deutschbauer, A Arkin, A Northen, T Siuzdak, G AF Patti, Gary J. Tautenhahn, Ralf Fonslow, Bryan R. Cho, Yonghoon Deutschbauer, Adam Arkin, Adam Northen, Trent Siuzdak, Gary TI Meta-analysis of global metabolomics and proteomics data to link alterations with phenotype SO SPECTROSCOPY-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Metabolomics; meta-analysis; proteomics; untargeted; XCMS ID BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; GENETIC-CONTROL; C-ELEGANS; NEUROSPORA AB Global metabolomics has emerged as a powerful tool to interrogate cellular biochemistry at the systems level by tracking alterations in the levels of small molecules. One approach to define cellular dynamics with respect to this dysregulation of small molecules has been to consider metabolic flux as a function of time. While flux measurements have proven effective for model organisms, acquiring multiple time points at appropriate temporal intervals for many sample types (e. g., clinical specimens) is challenging. As an alternative, meta-analysis provides another strategy for delineating metabolic cause and effect perturbations. That is, the combination of untargeted metabolomic data from multiple pairwise comparisons enables the association of specific changes in small molecules with unique phenotypic alterations. We recently developed metabolomic software called metaXCMS to automate these types of higher order comparisons. Here we discuss the potential of metaXCMS for analyzing proteomic datasets and highlight the biological value of combining meta-results from both metabolomic and proteomic analyses. The combined meta-analysis has the potential to facilitate efforts in functional genomics and the identification of metabolic disruptions related to disease pathogenesis. C1 [Tautenhahn, Ralf; Cho, Yonghoon; Siuzdak, Gary] Scripps Res Inst, Ctr Metabol & Mass Spectrometry, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Patti, Gary J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO USA. [Patti, Gary J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Patti, Gary J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Fonslow, Bryan R.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Deutschbauer, Adam; Arkin, Adam] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Northen, Trent] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Bioengergy GTL & Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Siuzdak, G (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Ctr Metabol & Mass Spectrometry, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM siuzdak@scripps.edu RI Northen, Trent/K-3139-2012; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Northen, Trent/0000-0001-8404-3259 FU California Institute of Regenerative Medicine [TR1-01219]; National Institutes of Health [R24 EY017540-04, P30 MH062261-10, P01 DA026146-02]; NIH/NIA [L30 AG0 038036]; Department of Energy [ENIGMA DE-AC0205CH11231] FX This work was supported by the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (TR1-01219), the National Institutes of Health (R24 EY017540-04, P30 MH062261-10 and P01 DA026146-02) and NIH/NIA L30 AG0 038036 (G.J.P.). Financial support was also received from the Department of Energy (Grants ENIGMA DE-AC0205CH11231). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0712-4813 J9 SPECTROSC-BIOMED APP JI Spectrosc.-Biomed. Appl. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 151 EP 154 DI 10.3233/SPE-2011-0534 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy GA 876LQ UT WOS:000299109400001 ER PT J AU Durinck, S Ho, C Wang, NJ Liao, W Jakkula, LR Collisson, EA Pons, J Chan, SW Lam, ET Chu, C Park, K Hong, SW Hur, JS Huh, N Neuhaus, IM Yu, SS Grekin, RC Mauro, TM Cleaver, JE Kwok, PY LeBoit, PE Getz, G Cibulskis, K Aster, JC Huang, HY Purdom, E Li, J Bolund, L Arron, ST Gray, JW Spellman, PT Cho, RJ AF Durinck, Steffen Ho, Christine Wang, Nicholas J. Liao, Wilson Jakkula, Lakshmi R. Collisson, Eric A. Pons, Jennifer Chan, Sai-Wing Lam, Ernest T. Chu, Catherine Park, Kyunghee Hong, Sung-woo Hur, Joe S. Huh, Nam Neuhaus, Isaac M. Yu, Siegrid S. Grekin, Roy C. Mauro, Theodora M. Cleaver, James E. Kwok, Pui-Yan LeBoit, Philip E. Getz, Gad Cibulskis, Kristian Aster, Jon C. Huang, Haiyan Purdom, Elizabeth Li, Jian Bolund, Lars Arron, Sarah T. Gray, Joe W. Spellman, Paul T. Cho, Raymond J. TI Timing chromosomal abnormalities using mutation data SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Durinck, Steffen; Wang, Nicholas J.; Jakkula, Lakshmi R.; Collisson, Eric A.; Gray, Joe W.; Spellman, Paul T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Ho, Christine; Huang, Haiyan; Purdom, Elizabeth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liao, Wilson; Pons, Jennifer; Chan, Sai-Wing; Lam, Ernest T.; Chu, Catherine; Neuhaus, Isaac M.; Yu, Siegrid S.; Grekin, Roy C.; Mauro, Theodora M.; Cleaver, James E.; Kwok, Pui-Yan; Arron, Sarah T.; Cho, Raymond J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Park, Kyunghee; Hong, Sung-woo; Huh, Nam] Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Emerging Technol Res Ctr, Seoul, South Korea. [Hur, Joe S.] Samsung Elect Headquarters, Seoul, South Korea. [LeBoit, Philip E.] San Francisco Dermatopathol Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. [Getz, Gad; Cibulskis, Kristian] Fli & Edythe L Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Aster, Jon C.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Li, Jian; Bolund, Lars] Beijing Genom Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Li, Jian; Bolund, Lars] Aarhus Univ, Inst Human Genet, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Gray, Joe W.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2011 VL 12 SU 1 MA P39 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 002QH UT WOS:000308546700051 ER PT J AU Nakajo, K Ulbrich, MH Kubo, Y Isacoff, EY AF Nakajo, Koichi Ulbrich, Maximilian H. Kubo, Yoshihiro Isacoff, Ehud Y. TI P2-u09 Density-dependent changes of the stoichiometry of KCNQ1-KCNE1 ion channel complex revealed by direct subunit counting using single molecule imaging SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nakajo, Koichi; Kubo, Yoshihiro] NIPS, Div Biophys & Neurobiol, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan. [Nakajo, Koichi; Kubo, Yoshihiro] SOKENDAI, Dept Physiol Sci, Hayama, Japan. [Nakajo, Koichi; Ulbrich, Maximilian H.; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.] LBNL, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Ulbrich, Maximilian H.] Univ Freiburg, BIOSS, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-0102 J9 NEUROSCI RES JI Neurosci. Res. PY 2011 VL 71 SU S BP E205 EP E205 DI 10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.886 PG 1 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 998DT UT WOS:000308218101131 ER PT J AU Griffiths, JM King, DW AF Griffiths, Jose-Marie King, Donald W. BE Baker, D Evans, W TI The future of librarians in the workforce: a US perspective SO LIBRARIES AND SOCIETY: ROLE, RESPONSIBILITY AND FUTURE IN AN AGE OF CHANGE SE Chandos Information Professional Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Griffiths, Jose-Marie; King, Donald W.] Bryant Univ, Smithfield, RI 02917 USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] Natl Sci Board, Arlington, VA USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] Presidents Informat Technol Advisory Comm, Arlington, VA USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] US Natl Commiss Lib & Informat Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] NASA, Washington, DC USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] US DOE, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] US Dept Commerce, Washington, DC 20230 USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] USN, Washington, DC USA. [Griffiths, Jose-Marie] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Washington, DC USA. [King, Donald W.] Westat Corp, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [King, Donald W.] Amer Stat Assoc, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. RP Griffiths, JM (reprint author), Bryant Univ, Smithfield, RI 02917 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHANDOS PUBL PI SAWSTON PA 80 HIGH ST, SAWSTON, CAMBRIDGE CB22 3HJ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84334-131-4 J9 CHANDOS INF PROF SER PY 2011 BP 279 EP 302 D2 10.1533/9781780632636 PG 24 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA BYR59 UT WOS:000299894500021 ER PT S AU Suh, C Kim, K Berry, JJ Lee, J Jones, WB AF Suh, Changwon Kim, Kwiseon Berry, Joseph J. Lee, Jinsuk Jones, Wesley B. BE Berry, JJ Fortunato, E Medvedeva, JE Shigesato, Y TI Data Mining-Aided Crystal Engineering for the Design of Transparent Conducting Oxides SO TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES AND APPLICATIONS SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium MM on Transparent Conducting Oxides and Applications/Fall Meeting of the Materials-Research-Society (MRS) CY NOV 29-DEC 03, 2010 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc (MRS) ID P-TYPE CONDUCTIVITY; M-M DISTANCES; DELAFOSSITE STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SOLID-SOLUTION; VISUALIZATION AB The purpose of this paper is to accelerate the pace of material discovery processes by systematically visualizing the huge search space that conventionally needs to be explored. To this end, we demonstrate not only the use of empirical-or crystal chemistry-based physical intuition for decision-making, but also to utilize knowledge-based data mining methodologies in the context of finding p-type delafossite transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). We report on examples using high-dimensional visualizations such as radial visualization combined with machine learning algorithms such as k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN) to better define and visualize the search space (i.e. structure maps) of functional materials design. The vital role of search space generated from these approaches is discussed in the context of crystal chemistry of delafossite crystal structure. C1 [Suh, Changwon; Kim, Kwiseon; Berry, Joseph J.; Lee, Jinsuk; Jones, Wesley B.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Suh, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Suh, Changwon/N-1297-2014 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 978-1-60511-292-3 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2011 VL 1315 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1557/opl.2011.1387 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BBQ88 UT WOS:000307928500002 ER PT S AU Mendelsberg, RJ Lim, SHN Milliron, DJ Anders, A AF Mendelsberg, Rueben J. Lim, Sunnie H. N. Milliron, Delia J. Anders, Andre BE Berry, JJ Fortunato, E Medvedeva, JE Shigesato, Y TI High Rate Deposition of High Quality ZnO:Al by Filtered Cathodic Arc SO TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES AND APPLICATIONS SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium MM on Transparent Conducting Oxides and Applications/Fall Meeting of the Materials-Research-Society (MRS) CY NOV 29-DEC 03, 2010 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc (MRS) ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; VACUUM-ARC; THIN-FILMS AB High quality ZnO:Al (AZO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by direct current filtered cathodic arc deposition. Substrate temperature was varied from room temperature to 425 degrees C, and samples were grown with and without the assistance of low power oxygen plasma (75W). For each growth condition, at least 3 samples were grown to give a statistical look at the effect of the growth environment on the film properties and to explore the reproducibility of the technique. Growth rate was in the 100-400 nm/min range but was apparently random and could not be easily traced to the growth conditions explored. For optimized growth conditions, 300-600 nm AZO films had resistivities of 3-6 x 10(-4) Omega cm, carrier concentrations in the range of 2-4 x 10(20) cm(3), Hall mobility as high as 55 cm(2)/Vs, and optical transmittance greater than 90%. These films are also highly oriented with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate and a surface roughness of 2-4 nm. C1 [Mendelsberg, Rueben J.; Lim, Sunnie H. N.; Anders, Andre] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Plasma Applicat Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mendelsberg, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Plasma Applicat Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 978-1-60511-292-3 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2011 VL 1315 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1557/opl.2011.1285 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BBQ88 UT WOS:000307928500008 ER PT J AU Wang, SF Lu, LC Wang, C Gao, CY Wang, XS AF Wang, Shanfeng Lu, Lichun Wang, Chun Gao, Changyou Wang, Xiaosong TI Polymeric Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications 2011 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wang, Shanfeng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Wang, Shanfeng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lu, Lichun] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Biomed Engn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Lu, Lichun] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Wang, Chun] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biomed Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Gao, Changyou] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaosong] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Inst Nanotechnol, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Wang, SF (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM swang16@utk.edu NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-9422 J9 INT J POLYM SCI JI Int. J. Polym. Sci. PY 2011 AR 184623 DI 10.1155/2011/184623 PG 2 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 990LW UT WOS:000307633400004 ER PT S AU McLerran, L AF McLerran, Larry BE Praszalowicz, M Bizon, P Broniowski, W Kutschera, M Slominski, W TI FAQS ABOUT QUARKYONIC MATTER SO INTERNATIONAL MEETING: EXCITED QCD SE Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Meeting on Excited QCD CY FEB 20-25, 2011 CL Ecole Phys Houches, Les Houches, FRANCE HO Ecole Phys Houches AB This paper attempts to answer some frequently asked questions (FAQS) about Quarkyonic Matter. C1 [McLerran, Larry] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mclerran@mac.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAGIELLONIAN UNIV PI CRACOW PA GOLEBIA 24, 31-007 CRACOW, POLAND SN 1899-2358 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B PR S PY 2011 VL 4 IS 4 BP 537 EP 542 DI 10.5506/APhysPolBSupp.4.537 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BBM85 UT WOS:000307421300001 ER PT J AU Nielsen, M AF Nielsen, Michael BE Masum, H Tovey, M TI The Measurement and Mismeasurement of Science SO REPUTATION SOCIETY: HOW ONLINE OPINIONS ARE RESHAPING THE OFFLINE WORLD SE Information Society Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The public has a natural desire to maximize its return on investment for science funding, which has made reputation measures for scientific research increasingly influential. Michael Nielsen warns of the dangers of overreliance on any single metric of success, suggesting instead a more diverse approach to deciding which risky endeavors to support collectively-a perspective with implications beyond science. C1 [Nielsen, Michael] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Nielsen, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nielsen, Michael] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Nielsen, Michael] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Nielsen, M (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA BN 978-0-262-29937-4 J9 INFORM SOC SER PY 2011 BP 111 EP 118 PG 8 WC Information Science & Library Science; Sociology SC Information Science & Library Science; Sociology GA BAS58 UT WOS:000305404900012 ER PT S AU Wojciechowski, J Balcerzak, M Bojanowski, C Kwasniewski, L Gizejowski, M AF Wojciechowski, Jacek Balcerzak, Marcin Bojanowski, Cezary Kwasniewski, Leslaw Gizejowski, Marian BE Cadoni, E DiPrisco, M TI Example Validation of Numerical Modeling of Blast Loading SO PERFORMANCE, PROTECTION AND STRENGTHENING OF STRUCTURES UNDER EXTREME LOADING SE Applied Mechanics and Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Performance, Protection and Strengthening of Structures Under Extreme Loading CY AUG 30-SEP 01, 2011 CL Lugano, SWITZERLAND DE Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian; blast; explosion; LS-DYNA; validation AB This paper reports a follow-up feasibility study on different approaches for numerical modeling of blast loads, implemented recently in a few commercial programs based on finite element method and explicit time integration. Four approaches have been considered including: explicit blast wave representation using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) with 2D and 3D multimaterial arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulations, direct application of empirical explosive blast loads on structures, and the most recent, combined method, in which direct empirical loading is applied to a reduced ALE domain. Each of these approaches has its own strengths and weaknesses, although the last one seems to be the most universal. Based on the published experimental data, a benchmark problem was selected, which considers a pressure loading exerted by explosion of near field hemispherical charges on a rigid steel plate. The comparison is done in terms of pressure peaks (overpressure) and time histories of reflected pressure, and reflected specific impulses. C1 [Wojciechowski, Jacek; Balcerzak, Marcin; Kwasniewski, Leslaw; Gizejowski, Marian] Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn, Warsaw, Poland. [Bojanowski, Cezary] Argonne Natl Lab, Transportat Res & Anal Comp Ctr, Argonne, IL USA. RP Wojciechowski, J (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn, Warsaw, Poland. EM j.wojciechowski@il.pw.edu.pl; marcin.balcerzak@wp.pl; cbojanowski@anl.gov; l.kwasniewski@il.pw.edu.pl; m.gizejowski@il.pw.edu.pl FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education ''Analysis of the stability and integrity of the multi-storey buildings subjected to exceptional actions'' [457/N-COST/2009/0] FX Part of the study reported in this paper was supported by a grant from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Analysis of the stability and integrity of the multi-storey buildings subjected to exceptional actions, grant number 457/N-COST/2009/0. Part of the reported LS-DYNA simulations has been conducted on The Transportation Research and Analysis Computing Center (TRACC) High Performance Compute Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-9336 BN 978-3-03785-217-0 J9 APPL MECH MATER PY 2011 VL 82 BP 410 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.82.410 PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BBB89 UT WOS:000306394700065 ER PT S AU Ciraci, S Sozer, H Aksit, M AF Ciraci, Selim Sozer, Hasan Aksit, Mehmet BE Crnkovic, I Gruhn, V Book, M TI Guiding Architects in Selecting Architectural Evolution Alternatives SO SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Software Architecture (ECSA 2011) CY SEP 13-16, 2011 CL Essen, GERMANY SP Univ Duisburg Essen, PALUNO, Ruhr Inst Software Technol, Adesso, e on ID SYSTEMS AB Although there exist methods and tools to support architecture evolution, the derivation and evaluation of alternative evolution paths are realized manually. In this paper, we introduce an approach, where architecture specification is converted to a graph representation. Based on this representation, we automatically generate possible evolution paths, evaluate quality attributes for different architectural configurations, and optimize the selection of a particular path accordingly. We illustrate our approach by modeling the software architecture evolution of a crisis management system. C1 [Ciraci, Selim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sozer, Hasan] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Aksit, Mehmet] Univ Twente, Enschede, Netherlands. RP Ciraci, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM selim.ciraci@pnl.gov; hasan.sozer@ozyegin.edu.tr; m.aksit@ewi.utwente.nl NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-23797-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6903 BP 252 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBB92 UT WOS:000306397800028 ER PT S AU Craig, WW An, HJ Blaedel, KL Christensen, FE Decker, TA Fabricant, A Gum, J Hailey, CJ Hale, L Jensen, CB Koglin, JE Mori, K Nynka, M Pivovaroff, MJ Sharpe, MV Stern, M Tajiri, G Zhang, WW AF Craig, William W. An, HongJun Blaedel, Kenneth L. Christensen, Finn E. Decker, Todd A. Fabricant, Anne Gum, Jeff Hailey, Charles J. Hale, Layton Jensen, Carsten B. Koglin, Jason E. Mori, Kaya Nynka, Melanie Pivovaroff, Michael J. Sharpe, Marton V. Stern, Marcela Tajiri, Gordon Zhang, William W. BE ODell, SL Pareschi, G TI Fabrication of the NuSTAR Flight Optics SO OPTICS FOR EUV, X-RAY, AND GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy V/SPIE Optics + Photonics International Symposium on Optical Engineering + Applications CY AUG 23-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Hard X-ray telescope; X-ray optics; thermally-slumped glass; NuSTAR ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; HEFT AB We describe the fabrication of the two NuSTAR flight optics modules. The NuSTAR optics modules are glass-graphite-epoxy composite structures to be employed for the first time in space-based X-ray optics by NuSTAR, a NASA Small Explorer schedule for launch in February 2012. We discuss the optics manufacturing process, the qualification and environmental testing performed, and briefly discuss the results of X-ray performance testing of the two modules. The integration and alignment of the completed flight optics modules into the NuSTAR instrument is described as are the optics module thermal shields. C1 [Craig, William W.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Craig, WW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM craig1@llnl.gov RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8757-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8147 AR 81470H DI 10.1117/12.895278 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BBA80 UT WOS:000306321500016 ER PT S AU Kilaru, K Merthe, DJ Ali, Z Gubarev, MV Kester, T Benson, CM McKinney, WR Takacs, PZ Yashchuk, VV AF Kilaru, Kiranmayee Merthe, Daniel J. Ali, Zulfiqar Gubarev, Mikhail V. Kester, Thomas Benson, Carl M. McKinney, Wayne R. Takacs, Peter Z. Yashchuk, Valeriy V. BE ODell, SL Pareschi, G TI Development of a multi-beam long trace profiler SO OPTICS FOR EUV, X-RAY, AND GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy V/SPIE Optics + Photonics International Symposium on Optical Engineering + Applications CY AUG 23-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Long Trace Profiler; optical metrology; x-ray optics metrology; multi-beam profiler ID MIRRORS AB In order to fulfill the angular resolution requirements and make the performance goals for future NASA missions feasible, it is crucial to develop instruments capable of fast and precise figure metrology of x-ray optical elements for further correction of the surface errors. The Long Trace Profilometer (LTP) is an instrument widely used for measuring the surface figure of grazing incidence X-ray mirrors. In the case of replicated optics designed for x-ray astronomy applications, such as mirrors and the corresponding mandrels have a cylindrical shape and their tangential profile is parabolic or hyperbolic. Modern LTPs have sub-micro radian accuracy, but the measuring speed is very low, because the profilometer measures surface figure point by point using a single laser beam. The measurement rate can be significantly improved by replacing the single optical beam with multiple beams. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the viability of multi-beam metrology as a way of significantly improving the quality and affordability of replicated x-ray optics. The multi-beam LTP would allow one- and two-dimensional scanning with sub-micro radian resolution and a measurement rate of about ten times faster compared to the current LTP. The design details of the instrument's optical layout and the status of optical tests will be presented. C1 [Kilaru, Kiranmayee; Gubarev, Mikhail V.; Kester, Thomas; Benson, Carl M.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Merthe, Daniel J.; Ali, Zulfiqar; McKinney, Wayne R.; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Takacs, Peter Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kilaru, K (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM kiranmayee.kilaru-1@nasa.gov RI McKinney, Wayne/F-2027-2014 OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139 FU Brookhaven Science Associates; LLC [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX We would like to acknowledge the partial funding available for this work from MSFCs technology investment program.Also, our acknowledgements to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for providing the LTP control software code in order to speed up the development process. This manuscript has been authored, in part, by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.One author, Zulfiqar Ali, wishes to thank the HEC, Pakistan for providing Post-doctoral scholarship. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8757-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8147 AR 814719 DI 10.1117/12.895532 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BBA80 UT WOS:000306321500043 ER PT S AU Dosanjh, S Barrett, R Heroux, M Rodrigues, A AF Dosanjh, Sudip Barrett, Richard Heroux, Mike Rodrigues, Arun BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Achieving Exascale Computing through Hardware/Software Co-design SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox, Univ Athens C1 [Dosanjh, Sudip; Barrett, Richard; Heroux, Mike; Rodrigues, Arun] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dosanjh, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM Sudip@sandia.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Heroux, Michael/0000-0002-5893-0273 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 5 EP 7 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800002 ER PT S AU Moody, A Ahn, DH de Supinski, BR AF Moody, Adam Ahn, Dong H. de Supinski, Bronis R. BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Exascale Algorithms for Generalized MPI_Comm_split SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox, Univ Athens DE MPI; MPI_Comm_split; Sorting algorithms; Hashing algorithms; Distributed group representation AB In the quest to build exascale supercomputers, designers are increasing the number of hierarchical levels that exist among system components. Software developed for these systems must account for the various hierarchies to achieve maximum efficiency. The first step in this work is to identify groups of processes that share common resources. We develop, analyze, and test several algorithms that can split millions of processes into groups based on arbitrary, user-defined data. We find that bitonic sort and our new hash-based algorithm best suit the task. C1 [Moody, Adam; Ahn, Dong H.; de Supinski, Bronis R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Moody, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM moody20@llnl.gov; ahn1@llnl.gov; bronis@llnl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 9 EP 18 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800004 ER PT S AU Rashti, MJ Green, J Balaji, P Afsahi, A Gropp, W AF Rashti, Mohammad Javad Green, Jonathan Balaji, Pavan Afsahi, Ahmad Gropp, William BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Multi-core and Network Aware MPI Topology Functions SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens DE MPI; virtual topology; physical topology; multi-core; network AB MPI standard offers a set of topology-aware interfaces that can be used to construct graph and Cartesian topologies for MPI applications. These interfaces have been mostly used for topology construction and not for performance improvement. To optimize the performance, in this paper we use graph embedding and node/network architecture discovery modules to match the communication topology of the applications to the physical topology of multi-core clusters with multi-level networks. Micro-benchmark results show considerable improvement in communication performance when using weighted and network-aware mapping. We also show that the implementation can improve communication and execution time of the applications. C1 [Rashti, Mohammad Javad; Green, Jonathan; Afsahi, Ahmad] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. [Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Argonne, IL USA. RP Rashti, MJ (reprint author), Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario innovation Trust; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation FX This work is supported in part by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Ontario innovation Trust, U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation. We thank Mellanox Technologies and HPC Advisory Council for the resources. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 50 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800008 ER PT S AU Barrett, BW Brightwell, R Hemmert, KS Wheeler, KB Underwood, KD AF Barrett, Brian W. Brightwell, Ron Hemmert, K. Scott Wheeler, Kyle B. Underwood, Keith D. BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Using Triggered Operations to Offload Rendezvous Messages SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE; MPI; IMPLEMENTATION; PROTOCOL; DESIGN AB Historically, MPI implementations have had to choose between eager messaging protocols that require buffering and rendezvous protocols that sacrifice overlap and strong independent progress in some scenarios. The typical choice is to use an eager protocol for short messages and switch to a rendezvous protocol for long messages. If overlap and progress are desired, some implementations offer the option of using a thread. We propose an approach that leverages triggered operations to implement a long message rendezvous protocol that provides strong progress guarantees. The results indicate that a triggered operation based rendezvous can achieve better overlap than a traditional rendezvous implementation and less wasted bandwidth than an eager long protocol. C1 [Barrett, Brian W.; Brightwell, Ron; Hemmert, K. Scott; Wheeler, Kyle B.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1319, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Underwood, Keith D.] Intel Corp, Hillsboro, OR 95051 USA. RP Barrett, BW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1319, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bwbarre@sandia.gov; kshemme@sandia.gov; kbwheel@sandia.gov; keith.d.underwood@intel.com FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 120 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800015 ER PT S AU Goodell, D Gropp, W Zhao, X Thakur, R AF Goodell, David Gropp, William Zhao, Xin Thakur, Rajeev BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Scalable Memory Use in MPI: A Case Study with MPICH2 SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens AB One of the factors that can limit the scalability of MPI to exascale is the amount of memory consumed by the MPI implementation. In fact, some researchers believe that existing MPI implementations, if used unchanged, will themselves consume a large fraction of the available system memory at exascale. To investigate and address this issue, we undertook a study of the memory consumed by the MPICH2 implementation of MPI, with a focus on identifying parts of the code where the memory consumed per process scales linearly with the total number of processes. We report on the findings of this study and discuss ways to avoid the linear growth in memory consumption. We also describe specific optimizations that we implemented in MPICH2 to avoid this linear growth and present experimental results demonstrating the memory savings achieved and the impact on performance. C1 [Goodell, David; Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gropp, William; Zhao, Xin] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 61801 USA. RP Goodell, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM goodell@mcs.anl.gov; wgropp@illinois.edu; xinzhao3@illinois.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-08ER25835]; National Science Foundation [0702182] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 and Award DE-FG02-08ER25835,and by the National Science Foundation Grant #0702182. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 140 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800017 ER PT S AU Gropp, W Hoefler, T Thakur, R Traff, JL AF Gropp, William Hoefler, Torsten Thakur, Rajeev Traeff, Jesper Larsson BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Performance Expectations and Guidelines for MPI Derived Datatypes SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens AB MPI's derived datatypes provide a powerful mechanism for concisely describing arbitrary, noncontiguous layouts of user data for use in MPI communication. This paper formulates self-consistent performance guidelines for derived datatypes. Such guidelines make performance expectations for derived datatypes explicit and suggest relevant optimizations to MPI implementers. We also identify self-consistent guidelines that are too strict to enforce, because they entail NP-hard optimization problems. Enforced self-consistent guidelines assure the user that certain manual datatype optimizations cannot lead to performance improvements, which in turn contributes to performance portability between MPI implementations that behave in accordance with the guidelines. We present results of tests with several MPI implementations, which indicate that many of them violate the guidelines. C1 [Gropp, William; Hoefler, Torsten] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Traeff, Jesper Larsson] Univ Vienna, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. RP Gropp, W (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM wgropp@illinois.edu; htor@illinois.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov; traff@par.univie.ac.at RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-08ER25835]; National Science Foundation [OCI 07-25070] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FG02-08ER25835, and by the Blue Waters sustained-petascale computing project, which is supported by the National Science Foundation (award number OCI 07-25070) and the state of Illinois. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 150 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800018 ER PT S AU Sundriyal, V Sosonkina, M AF Sundriyal, Vaibhav Sosonkina, Masha BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Per-call Energy Saying Strategies in All-to-All Communications SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox, Univ Athens DE Collective Communications; MPI; DVFS; CPU Throttling AB With the increase in the peak performance of modern computing platforms, their energy consumption grows as well, which may lead to overwhelming operating costs and failure rates. Techniques, such as Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (called DVFS) and CPU Clock Modulation (called throttling) are often used to reduce the power consumption of the compute nodes. However, these techniques should be used judiciously during the application execution to avoid significant performance losses. In this work, two implementations of the all-to-all collective operations are studied as to their augmentation with energy saving strategies on the per-call basis. Experiments were performed on the OSU MPI benchmarks as well as on a few real-world problems from the CPMD and NAS suits, in which energy consumption was reduced by up to 10% and 15.7%, respectively, with little performance degradation. C1 [Sundriyal, Vaibhav; Sosonkina, Masha] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sundriyal, V (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vaibhavs@scl.ameslab.gov; masha@scl.ameslab.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 188 EP 197 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800022 ER PT S AU Pedretti, KT Brightwell, R Doerfler, D Hemmert, KS Laros, JH AF Pedretti, Kevin T. Brightwell, Ron Doerfler, Doug Hemmert, K. Scott Laros, James H., III BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI The Impact of Injection Bandwidth Performance on Application Scalability SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens DE bandwidth configurahility; benchmarking; exascale co-design AB Future exascale systems are expected to have significantly reduced network bandwidth relative to computational performance than current systems. Clearly, this will impact bandwidth-intensive applications, so it is important to gain insight into the magnitude of the negative impact on performance and scalability to help identify mitigation strategies. In this paper, we show how current systems can be configured to emulate the expected imbalance of future systems. We demonstrate this approach by reducing the network injection bandwidth performance of a 160-node, 1920-core Cray XT5 system and analyze the performance and scalability of a suite of MPI benchmarks and applications. C1 [Pedretti, Kevin T.; Brightwell, Ron; Doerfler, Doug; Hemmert, K. Scott; Laros, James H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pedretti, KT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ktpedre@sandia.gov; rbbrigh@sandia.gov; dwdoerf@sandia.gov; kshemme@sandia.gov; jhlaros@sandia.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 237 EP 246 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800027 ER PT S AU Hursey, J Naughton, T Vallee, G Graham, RL AF Hursey, Joshua Naughton, Thomas Vallee, Geoffroy Graham, Richard L. BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI A Log-Scaling Fault Tolerant Agreement Algorithm for a Fault Tolerant MPI SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox, Univ Athens DE MPI; Fault Tolerance; Agreement Protocol; Run-through Stabilization; Algorithm Based Fault Tolerance ID DESIGN AB The lack of fault tolerance is becoming a limiting factor for application scalability in HPC systems. The MPI does not provide standardized fault tolerance interfaces and semantics. The MPI Forum's Fault Tolerance Working Group is proposing a collective fault tolerant agreement algorithm for the next MPI standard. Such algorithms play a central role in many fault tolerant applications. This paper combines a log-scaling two-phase commit agreement algorithm with a reduction operation to provide the necessary functionality for the new collective without any additional messages. Error handling mechanisms are described that preserve the fault tolerance properties while maintaining overall scalability. C1 [Hursey, Joshua; Naughton, Thomas; Vallee, Geoffroy; Graham, Richard L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hursey, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hurseyj@ornl.gov; naughtont@ornl.gov; valleegr@ornl.gov; rlgraham@ornl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 255 EP 263 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800029 ER PT S AU Ferreira, KB Riesen, R Brighwelll, R Bridges, P Arnold, D AF Ferreira, Kurt B. Riesen, Rolf Brighwelll, Ron Bridges, Patrick Arnold, Dorian BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI libhashckpt: Hash-Based Incremental Checkpointing Using GPU's SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens AB Concern is beginning to grow in the high-performance computing (HPC) community regarding the reliability guarantees of future large-scale systems. Disk-based coordinated checkpoint/restart has been the dominant fault tolerance mechanism in HPC systems for the last 30 years. Checkpoint performance is so fundamental to scalability that nearly all capability applications have custom checkpoint strategies to minimize state and reduce checkpoint time. One well-known optimization to traditional checkpoint/restart is incremental checkpointing, which has a number of known limitations. To address these limitations, we introduce libhashckpt; a hybrid incremental checkpointing solution that uses both page protection and hashing on GPUs to determine changes in application data with very low overhead. Using real capability workloads, we show the merit of this technique for a certain class of HPC applications. C1 [Ferreira, Kurt B.; Brighwelll, Ron] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Riesen, Rolf] IBM Res, Dublin, Ireland. [Ferreira, Kurt B.; Bridges, Patrick; Arnold, Dorian] Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Ferreira, KB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbferre@sandia.gov; rolf.riesen@ie.ibm.com; rbbrigh@sandia.gov; bridges@cs.unm.edu; darnold@cs.unm.edu RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corperation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 272 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800031 ER PT S AU Dinan, J Krishnamoorthy, S Balaji, P Hammond, JR Krishnan, M Tipparaju, V Vishnu, A AF Dinan, James Krishnamoorthy, Sriram Balaji, Pavan Hammond, Jeff R. Krishnan, Manojkumar Tipparaju, Vinod Vishnu, Abhinav BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Noncollective Communicator Creation in MPI SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens AB MPI communicators abstract communication operations across application modules, facilitating seamless composition of different libraries. In addition, communicators provide the ability to form groups of processes and establish multiple levels of parallelism. Traditionally, communicators have been collectively created in the context of the parent communicator. The recent thrust toward systems at petascale and beyond has brought forth new application use cases, including fault tolerance and load balancing, that highlight the ability to construct an MPI communicator in the context of its new process group as a key capability. However, it has long been believed that MPI is not capable of allowing the user to form a new communicator in this way. We present a new algorithm that allows the user to create such flexible process groups using only the functionality given in the current MPI standard. We explore performance implications of this technique and demonstrate its utility for load balancing in the context of a Markov chain Monte Carlo computation. In comparison with a traditional collective approach, noncollective communicator creation enables a 30% improvement in execution time through asynchronous load balancing. C1 [Dinan, James; Balaji, Pavan; Hammond, Jeff R.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Krishnamoorthy, Sriram; Krishnan, Manojkumar; Vishnu, Abhinav] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Tipparaju, Vinod] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dinan, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dinan@mcs.anl.gov; sriram@pnl.gov; balaji@mcs.anl.gov; jhammond@alcf.anl.gov; manoj@pnl.gov; tipparajuv@ornl.gov; abhinav.vishnu@pnl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Hammond, Jeff/0000-0003-3181-8190 FU Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-ACO6-76RL01830] FX This work was supported through a resource grant from the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) and by the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC05-00OR22725, and DE-ACO6-76RL01830. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 282 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800032 ER PT S AU Cope, J Iskra, K Kimpe, D Ross, R AF Cope, Jason Iskra, Kamil Kimpe, Dries Ross, Robert BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Portable and Scalable MPI Shared File Pointers SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens AB While the I/O functions described in the MPI standard included shared file pointer support from the beginning, the performance and portability of these functions have been subpar at best. ROMIO [1], which provides the MPI-IO functionality for most MPI libraries, to this day uses a separate file to manage the shared file pointer. This file provides the shared location that holds the current value of the shared file pointer. Unfortunately, each access to the shared file pointer involves file lock management and updates to the file contents. Furthermore, support for shared file pointers is riot universally available because few file systems support native shared file pointers [5] and a few file systems do not support file locks [3]. Application developers rarely use shared file pointers, even though many applications can benefit from this file I/O capability. These applications are typically loosely coupled and rarely exhibit application-wide synchronization. Examples include application tracing toolkits [8,4] and. many-task computing applications [10]. Other approaches to the shared file pointer I/O models frequently used by these application classes include file-per-process, file-per-thread, and file-per-rank approaches. While these approaches work relatively well at smaller scales, they fail to scale to leadership-class computing systems because of the intense metadata loads generated they generate. Recent research identified significant improvements from using shared-file I/O instead of multifile I/O patterns on leadership-class systems [6]. In this paper, we propose integrating shared file support into the I/O forwarding layer commonly found on leadership-class computing systems. I/O forwarding middleware, such as the I/O Forwarding Scalability Layer (IOFSL) [9,2], bridges the compute and I/O subsystems of leadership-class computing systems. This middleware layer captures all file I/O requests generated by applications executing on compute nodes and forwards them to dedicated I/O nodes. These I/O nodes, a common hardware feature of leadership-class computing systems, execute the I/O requests on behalf of the application. The I/O forwarding layer on these system is best suited to provide and manage shared file pointers because it has access to all application I/O requests and can provide enhanced file I/O capabilities independent of the system and I/O software stack. By embedding this capability into the I/O forwarding layer, applications developers can utilize shared file pointers for a variety of file I/O APIs (MPI-IO, POSIX, and ZOIDFS), synchronization levels (collective and independent I/O), and computing systems (IBM Blue Gene and Cray XT systems). C1 [Cope, Jason; Iskra, Kamil; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kimpe, Dries] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Cope, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM copej@mcs.anl.gov; iskra@mcs.anl.gov; dkimpe@mcs.anl.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 312 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800035 ER PT S AU Buntinas, D AF Buntinas, Darius BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Scalable Distributed Consensus to Support MPI Fault Tolerance SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox, Univ Athens AB As system sizes increase, the amount of time in winch an application can run without experiencing a failure decreases. Exascale applications will need to address fault tolerance. In order to support algorithm-based fault tolerance, communication libraries will need to provide fault-tolerance features to the application. One important fault-tolerance operation is distributed consensus. This is used, for example, to collectively decide on a set of failed processes. This paper describes a scalable, distributed consensus algorithm that is used to support new MPI fault-tolerance features proposed by the MPI 3 Forum's fault-tolerance working group. The algorithm was implemented and evaluated on a 4,096-core Blue Gene/P. The implementation was able to perform a full-scale distributed consensus in 305 mu s and scaled logarithmically. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Buntinas, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 325 EP 328 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800039 ER PT S AU Hursey, J Graham, RL Bronevetsky, G Buntinas, D Pritchard, H Solt, DG AF Hursey, Joshua Graham, Richard L. Bronevetsky, Greg Buntinas, Darius Pritchard, Howard Solt, David G. BE Cotronis, Y Danalis, A Nikolopoulos, DS Dongarra, J TI Run-Through Stabilization: An MPI Proposal for Process Fault Tolerance SO RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th European MPI Users Group Meeting (EuroMPI 2011) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Santorini, GREECE SP Microsoft, ParTec, Univ Tennessee, Innovat Comp Lab, Mellanox Technol, Univ Athens DE MPI; Fault Tolerance; Run-through Stabilization; Algorithm Based Fault Tolerance; Fail-Stop Process Failure AB The MPI standard lacks semantics and interfaces for sustained application execution in the presence of process failures. Exascale HPC systems may require scalable, fault resilient MPI applications. The mission of the MPI Forum's Fault Tolerance Working Group is to enhance the standard to enable the development of scalable, fault tolerant HPC applications. This paper presents an overview of the Run-Through Stabilization proposal. This proposal allows an application to continue execution even if MPI processes fail during execution. The discussion introduces the implications on point-to-point and collective operations over communicators, though the full proposal addresses all aspects of the MPI standard. C1 [Hursey, Joshua; Graham, Richard L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bronevetsky, Greg] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Buntinas, Darius] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. [Pritchard, Howard] Cray Inc, Eagan, MN 55121 USA. [Solt, David G.] Hewlett Packard Corp, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Hursey, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hurseyjj@ornl.gov; rlgraham@ornl.gov; greg@bronevetsky.com; bantinas@mcs.anl.gov; howardp@cray.com; david.solt@hp.com RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DEAC52-07NA27344]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; ARRA / DoE - Early Career Research Program; National Science Foundation [CCF-0816909] FX Special thanks to the MPI Forum and Fault Tolerance Working Group members that contributed to the run-through stabilization proposal. Their comments and insights continue to help strengthen the developing proposals targeted for inclusion in the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard. Research sponsored by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; Office of Science; Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC; U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357; U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DEAC52-07NA27344 by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; The ARRA / DoE - Early Career Research Program; and by award #CCF-0816909 from the National Science Foundation. NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-24448-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6960 BP 329 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBH09 UT WOS:000306816800040 ER PT S AU Erskine, DJ Edelstein, J Muirhead, P Muterspaugh, M Covey, K Mondo, D Vanderburg, A Andelson, P Kimber, D Sirk, M Lloyd, J AF Erskine, David J. Edelstein, J. Muirhead, P. Muterspaugh, M. Covey, K. Mondo, D. Vanderburg, A. Andelson, P. Kimber, D. Sirk, M. Lloyd, J. BE MacEwen, HA Breckinridge, JB TI Ten-fold spectral resolution boosting using TEDI at the Mt. Palomar NIR Triplespec spectrograph SO UV/OPTICAL/IR SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTS: INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND CONCEPTS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes and Instruments - Innovative Technologies and Concepts V CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE High resolution spectroscopy; Externally Dispersed Interferometry; Dispersed Fixed Delay Interferometry; Resolution Boosting; Doppler radial velocimetry; Fourier Transform Spectroscopy ID EXTERNALLY DISPERSED INTERFEROMETER; MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER; INSTRUMENT AB An optical technique called "interferometric spectral reconstruction" (ISR) is capable of increasing a spectrograph's resolution and stability by large factors, well beyond its classical limits. We have demonstrated a 6-to 11-fold increase in the Triplespec effective spectral resolution (R=2,700) to achieve R=16,000 at 4100 cm(-1) to 30,000 at 9600 cm(-1) by applying special Fourier processing to a series of exposures with different delays (optical path differences) taken with the TEDI interferometer and the near-infrared Triplespec spectrograph at the Mt. Palomar Observatory 200 inch telescope. The TEDI is an externally dispersed interferometer (EDI) used for Doppler radial velocity measurements on M-stars, and now also used for ISR. The resolution improvement is observed in both stellar and telluric features simultaneously over the entire spectrograph bandwidth (0.9-2.45 mu m). By expanding the delay series, we anticipate achieving resolutions of R=45,000 or more. Since the delay is not continuously scanned, the technique is advantageous for measuring time-variable phenomena or in varying conditions (e.g. planetary fly-bys). The photon limited signal to noise ratio can be 100 times better than a classic Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) due to the benefit of dispersion. C1 [Erskine, David J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erskine, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM erskine1@llnl.gov; jerrye@ssl.berkeley.edu; philm@astro.caltech.edu; jpl@astro.cornell.edu RI Muirhead, Philip/H-2273-2014; OI Muirhead, Philip/0000-0002-0638-8822; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8756-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8146 AR 81460M DI 10.1117/12.892664 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BBA82 UT WOS:000306323000022 ER PT S AU Sturm, BW Cherepy, NJ Drury, OB Thelin, PA Fisher, SE O'Neal, SP Payne, SA Burger, A Boatner, LA Ramey, JO Shah, KS Hawrami, R AF Sturm, Benjamin W. Cherepy, Nerine J. Drury, Owen B. Thelin, Peter A. Fisher, Scott E. O'Neal, Sean P. Payne, Stephen A. Burger, Arnold Boatner, Lynn A. Ramey, Joanne O. Shah, Kanai S. Hawrami, Rastgo GP IEEE TI Characteristics of Undoped and Europium-doped SrI2 Scintillator Detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID DESIGN AB High energy resolution gamma-ray detectors that can be formed into relatively large sizes while operating at room temperature offer many advantages for national security applications. We are working toward that goal through the development of SrI2(Eu) scintillator detectors, which routinely provide <3.0% energy resolution at 662 keY with volumes >10 cm(3). In this study, we have tested pure, undoped SrI2 to gain a better understanding of the scintillation properties and spectroscopic performance achievable without activation. An undoped crystal grown from 99.999% pure SrI2 pellets was tested for its spectroscopic performance, its light yield, and uniformity of scintillation light collection as a function of gamma-ray interaction position relative to the crystal growth direction. Undoped SrI2 was found to provide energy resolution of 5.3% at 662 keY, and the light collection non uniformity varied by only 0.72% over the length of the crystal. Measurements of both a 3% Eu-doped and the undoped SrI2 crystal were carried out in the SLYNCI facility and indicate differences in their light yield non-proportionality. The surprisingly good scintillation properties of the pure SrI2 crystal suggests that with high-purity feedstock, further reduction of the Eu concentration can be made to grow larger crystals while not adversely impacting the spectroscopic performance. C1 [Sturm, Benjamin W.; Cherepy, Nerine J.; Drury, Owen B.; Thelin, Peter A.; Fisher, Scott E.; O'Neal, Sean P.; Payne, Stephen A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sturm, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sturm1@llnl.gov RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013; Melcher, Charles/E-9818-2012; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X; Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 FU Department of Homeland Security Domestic Nuclear Detection Office - U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-ACS2- 07NA27344]; [LLNL-PROC-S 13947] FX This work was supported by the Department of Homeland Security Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-ACS2- 07NA27344. LLNL-PROC-S 13947. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 7 EP 11 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600002 ER PT S AU Vaniachine, AV AF Vaniachine, Alexandre V. CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IEEE TI ATLAS Detector Data Processing on the Grid SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The ATLAS detector is in the second year of continuous LHC running. A starting point for ATLAS physics analysis is data reconstruction. Following the prompt reconstruction, the ATLAS data are reprocessed, which allows reconstruction of the data with updated software and calibrations providing coherence and improving the quality of the reconstructed data for physics analysis. The large-scale data reprocessing campaigns are conducted on the Grid. Computing centers around the world participate in reprocessing providing tens of thousands of CPU-cores for a faster throughput. Reprocessing relies upon underlying ATLAS technologies providing reproducibility of results, scalable database access, orchestrated workflow and performance monitoring, dynamic workload sharing, and petascale data integrity control. These technologies are also empowering ATLAS physics and subsystem groups in further data processing steps on the Grid. We present the experience of large-scale data reprocessing campaigns and group data processing on the Grid. C1 [Vaniachine, Alexandre V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Vaniachine, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vanachine@anl.gov RI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013 OI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666 NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 104 EP 107 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600019 ER PT S AU Ruz, J AF Ruz, J. CA CAST Collaboration GP IEEE TI Determination of effective axion masses in the helium-3 buffer of CAST SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID DETECTOR AB The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) is a ground based experiment located in Geneva (Switzerland) searching for axions coming from the Sun. Axions, hypothetical particles that not only could solve the strong CP problem but also be one of the favoured candidates for dark matter, can be produced in the core of the Sun via the Primakoff effect. They can be reconverted into X-ray photons on Earth in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields. In order to look for axions, CAST points a decommissioned LHC prototype dipole magnet with different X-ray detectors installed in both ends of the magnet towards the Sun. The analysis of the data acquired during the first phase of the experiment yielded the most restrictive experimental upper limit on the axion-to-photon coupling constant for axion masses up to about 0.02 eV/c(2). During the second phase, CAST extends its mass sensitivity by tuning the electron density present in the magnetic field region. Injecting precise amounts of helium gas has enabled CAST to look for axion masses up to 1.2 eV/c(2). This paper studies the determination of the effective axion masses scanned at CAST during its second phase. The use of a helium gas buffer at temperatures of 1.8 K has required a detailed knowledge of the gas density distribution. Complete sets of computational fluid dynamic simulations validated with experimental data have been crucial to obtain accurate results. C1 [Ruz, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. RP Ruz, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. EM ruzarmendari1@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 135 EP 140 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600025 ER PT S AU Purschke, ML AF Purschke, Martin L. CA PHENIX Collaboration GP IEEE TI Data Acquisition Technologies for the PHENIX Detector Upgrades SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB PHENIX [1] is one of two large experiments at Brookhaven National Laboratory's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The summer shutdown of 2010 marked a milestone with the installation of the PHENIX Silicon Vertex Tracker (VTX), the first detector which uses a new generation of readout electronics. In addition to accommodating the new readout electronics in the PHENIX data acquisition, we implemented other significant changes to the system, such as the move to 10 Gigabit Ethernet networks for the components with the highest data volumes. Once fully installed, the new detectors will about triple the current maximum data rate from about 600MB/s to 1.8 GB/s. In Run 11, we have observed a peak rate of about 1400MB/s of compressed data. C1 [Purschke, Martin L.; PHENIX Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Purschke, ML (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 153 EP 155 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600028 ER PT S AU Looker, Q Amman, M Vetter, K Barton, P Luke, PN AF Looker, Q. Amman, M. Vetter, K. Barton, P. Luke, P. N. GP IEEE TI Optimization of Process Parameters for Amorphous Semiconductor Contacts on High-Purity Germanium Detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID SPECTROSCOPY AB High-purity germanium (HPGe) represents a premium material for gamma-ray spectroscopy and imaging, with electrical contacts playing a large role in detector performance. Amorphous semiconductor contacts to HPGe detectors have been demonstrated to operate as a sufficient charge injection barrier, while providing a simple fabrication process and flexibility in contact geometry and bias application. The primary remaining challenges are reliable reproduction of high barrier heights and inter-contact impedance as well as stability with respect to time and temperature cycling. The results from a study of electron barrier height and temperature cycling stability with varying process conditions are given in this paper. C1 [Looker, Q.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Amman, M.; Vetter, K.; Barton, P.; Luke, P. N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Looker, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qlooker@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Science [KB0401022] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Science under contract # KB0401022 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 222 EP 227 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600043 ER PT S AU Weisenberger, AG Dong, H Kross, B Lee, SJ McKisson, J McKisson, JE Xi, W Zorn, C Howell, CR Crowell, AS Cumberbatch, L Reid, CD Smith, MF Stolin, A AF Weisenberger, A. G. Dong, H. Kross, B. Lee, S. J. McKisson, J. McKisson, J. E. Xi, W. Zorn, C. Howell, C. R. Crowell, A. S. Cumberbatch, L. Reid, C. D. Smith, M. F. Stolin, A. GP IEEE TI Development of PhytoPET: A Plant Imaging PET System SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The development and initial evaluation of a high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) system to image the biodistribution of positron emitting tracers in live plants is underway. The positron emitting (CO2)-C-11 tracer is used in plant biology research investigating carbon sequestration in biomass, optimization of plant productivity and biofuel development. This PhytoPET design allows flexible arrangements of PET detectors based on individual standalone detector modules built from single 5 cm x 5 cm Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tubes. Each H8500 is coupled to a LYSO:Ce scintillator array composed of 48x48 elements that are 10 mm thick arranged with a 1.0 mm pitch. An Ethernet based 12-bit flash analog to digital data acquisition system with onboard coincident matrix definition is under development to digitize the signals. The detector modules of the PhytoPET system can be arranged and stacked to accommodate various sized plants and plant structures. C1 [Weisenberger, A. G.; Dong, H.; Kross, B.; Lee, S. J.; McKisson, J.; McKisson, J. E.; Xi, W.; Zorn, C.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. RP Weisenberger, AG (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. EM drew@jlab.org; howell@tunl.duke.edu; msmith7@umm.edu; astolin@hsc.wvu.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 275 EP 278 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600055 ER PT S AU Mitra, S Dioszegi, I AF Mitra, Sudeep Dioszegi, Istvan GP IEEE TI Development of an instrument for non-destructive identification of Unexploded Ordnance using tagged neutrons - a proof of concept study SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID PARTICLE TECHNIQUE; INSPECTION SYSTEM AB This work reports on the efficacy of using 14 MeV neutrons tagged by the associated particle neutron time-of-flight technique (APnTOF) to extract neutron induced characteristic gamma-rays from an object-of-interest with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and without interference from nearby clutter. A small portable API120 neutron generator was operated at a continuous output of similar to 1x10(7) n/s while the gamma-rays were detected using a 12.7x12.7 cm diameter NaI(TI) detector. The alpha-particle detection system comprised a 5-cm diameter fast Amperex XP2020 photomultiplier tube which was mated with the 6.5 cm tiber-optic face-plate of the neutron generator's ZnO(Ga) a-detector. Standard NIM electronics was used for the alpha-gamma coincidence spectroscopy. A graphite cube of dimension 15.2 cm (6 kg) was used as the object-of-interest while a half-gallon bottle of water and a 5-mm thick iron slab were used as clutter items in non-overlapping and overlapping modes. In all cases, carbon (C) signals from the graphite were successfully extracted without interference from the oxygen (0) signals from water. The SNR at the peak energies of 4.43 (C) and 6.13 MeV (0) were found to be 1.3 when spectra were acquired without the time coincidence mode. The SNRs were vastly improved; 22 and 10 for C and 0 respectively in the coincidence mode. C1 [Mitra, Sudeep] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Res & Technol Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mitra, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Res & Technol Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM smitra@bnl.gov; dioszegi@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Defense [MR 1769]; Brookhaven Science Associates [DE-AC02-98CHI0886] FX Manuscript received November 3, 2011. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Defense under it's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), Project# MR 1769. This manuscript has been co-authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CHI0886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The publisher, by accepting the manuscript for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 285 EP 289 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600058 ER PT S AU Marleau, P Brennan, J Brubaker, E Mengesha, W Mrowka, S Nowack, A AF Marleau, Peter Brennan, James Brubaker, Erik Mengesha, Wondwosen Mrowka, Stanley Nowack, Aaron GP IEEE TI Fast Neutron Resonance Tomography using Double Scatter Spectroscopy for Materials Identification SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID RADIOGRAPHY AB Fast neutron based inspection systems are of interest in many Homeland Security applications because they offer the potential for elemental identification particularly for low Z elements which are the prime constituents of explosives. We are investigating a resonance tomography technique which may address some of the current problems found in fast neutron based inspection systems. A commercial off-the-shelf DT generator is used with an array of detectors to probe materials simultaneously over a large energy range and multiple viewing angles allowing for simultaneous 3-D imaging and materials identification. A prototype system has been constructed and we present here recent results for the identification of materials with differing H, C, N, O compositions. C1 [Marleau, Peter; Brennan, James; Brubaker, Erik; Mengesha, Wondwosen; Mrowka, Stanley; Nowack, Aaron] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Marleau, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pmarlea@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 293 EP 295 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600060 ER PT S AU Popov, V Degtiarenko, P AF Popov, Vladimir Degtiarenko, Pavel GP IEEE TI Pulse Mode Readout Techniques for Use with Non-Gridded Industrial Ionization Chambers SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Highly sensitive readout technique for precision long-term radiation measurements has been developed and tested in the Radiation Control Department at Jefferson Lab. The new electronics design is used to retrieve ionization data in a pulse mode. The dedicated data acquisition system works with M-Audio Audiophile 192 High-Definition 24-bit/192 kHz audio cards, taking data in continuous waveform recording mode. The on-line data processing algorithms extract signals of the ionization events from the data flow and measure the ionization value for each event. Two different ion chambers are evaluated. The first is a Reuter-Stokes Argon-filled (at 25 atm) High Pressure Ionization Chamber (HPIC), commonly used as a detector part in many GE Reuter-Stokes instruments of the RSS series. The second is a VacuTec Model 70181, 5 atm Xenon-filled ionization chamber. Results for both chambers indicate that the techniques allow using industrial ICs for high sensitivity and precision long-term radiation measurements, while at the same time providing information about spectral characteristics of the radiation fields. C1 [Popov, Vladimir; Degtiarenko, Pavel] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Radiat Control Dept, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Popov, V (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Radiat Control Dept, 12050 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM popov@jlab.org NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 336 EP 338 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600071 ER PT S AU Carini, GA Kuczewski, AJ Siddons, DP AF Carini, G. A. Kuczewski, A. J. Siddons, D. P. GP IEEE TI Radiation tolerance investigation of XAMPS detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON AB Tolerance of XAMPS detectors to x-ray photons was investigated at the National Synchrotron Light Source. Two experiments were carried out: first JFETs with the same characteristics of the in pixel transistor were irradiated; then the radiation hardness of a 64x64-pixel detector was investigated. An increase of leakage current was observed and significantly reduced after a very low temperature forming gas annealing. These results confirm that this detector is suitable for application at IV generation light sources. C1 [Carini, G. A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kuczewski, A. J.; Siddons, D. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carini, GA (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM carini@slac.stanford.edu; kuczewski@bnl.gov; siddons@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH I 0886] FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH I 0886. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 474 EP 476 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600101 ER PT S AU Terry, JR Distel, JR Kippen, RM Schirato, R Wallace, MS AF Terry, J. Russell Distel, James R. Kippen, R. Marc Schirato, R. Wallace, Mark S. GP IEEE TI Evaluation of COTS Silicon Carbide Photodiodes for a Radiation-Hard, Low-Energy X-Ray Spectrometer SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Wide band-gap semiconducting materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) are attractive alternatives for radiation detection in more rugged environments due to low leakage currents, superior radiation hardness, and temperature insensitivity. However, the development of these technologies has been hindered by serious materials problems that restrict the quality and size of detector grade crystals. Recent developments in epitaxial growth of thin crystals on a substrate are yielding detector-grade material of reasonable dimension. While applications for ionizing radiation detectors are still limited primarily to small academic and R&D ventures, an active market exists for very thin epitaxial SiC photodiodes for the purpose of detecting UV light in high-temperature environments. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the utility of these commercially available SiC UV photodiodes for the purpose of detection and measurement of low-energy x-rays. We present results from bench-top electronic characterization, radioactive source measurements, x-ray source measurements at Los Alamos National Lab, and responsivity measurements performed at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Lab. C1 [Terry, J. Russell; Distel, James R.; Kippen, R. Marc; Schirato, R.; Wallace, Mark S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Terry, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 485 EP 488 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600104 ER PT S AU Mazzillo, M Abbisso, S Condorelli, G Sanfilippo, D Valvo, G Carbone, B Pilana, A Fallica, G Ronzhin, A Los, S Zatserklyaniy, A Ramberg, E AF Mazzillo, Massimo Abbisso, Salvatore Condorelli, Giovanni Sanfilippo, Delfo Valvo, Giusy Carbone, Beatrice Pilana, Angelo Fallica, Giorgio Ronzhin, Anatoly Los, Sergey Zatserklyaniy, Andriy Ramberg, Erik GP IEEE TI Enhanced Blue-Light Sensitivity P on N Silicon Photomultipliers SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID DETECTION EFFICIENCY; STMICROELECTRONICS AB Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) have known a fast development in recent years, due to their excellent single photon detection capability and very fast timing response. In this paper we present the results of the electro-optical characterization performed on the first STMicroelectronics P on N SiPMs prototypes properly designed for their possible application in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). We will show that the performances of the new devices are extremely promising in terms of high photon detection efficiency and fast timing response in blue wavelength range. C1 [Mazzillo, Massimo; Abbisso, Salvatore; Condorelli, Giovanni; Sanfilippo, Delfo; Valvo, Giusy; Carbone, Beatrice; Pilana, Angelo; Fallica, Giorgio] STMicroelectronics, IMS, R&D, I-95121 Catania, Italy. [Ronzhin, Anatoly; Los, Sergey; Ramberg, Erik] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Zatserklyaniy, Andriy] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Mazzillo, M (reprint author), STMicroelectronics, IMS, R&D, I-95121 Catania, Italy. EM massimo.mazzillo@st.com; ronzhin@fnal.gov; zatserkl@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 538 EP 543 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600114 ER PT S AU Marleau, P Brennan, J Brubaker, E Gerling, M Nowack, A Schuster, P Steele, J AF Marleau, Peter Brennan, James Brubaker, Erik Gerling, Mark Nowack, Aaron Schuster, Patricia Steele, John GP IEEE TI Time Encoded Fast Neutron/Gamma Imager for Large Standoff SNM Detection SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Passive detection of special nuclear material (SNM) at long range or under heavy shielding can only be directly achieved by observing the penetrating neutral particles that it emits: gamma rays and neutrons in the MeV energy range. The ultimate SNM standoff detector system would have sensitivity to both gamma and neutron radiation, a large area and high efficiency to capture as many signal particles as possible, and good discrimination against background particles via directional and energy information. We are exploring the use of time-modulated collimators that may lead to practical gamma-neutron imaging detector systems that are highly efficient with the potential to exhibit simultaneously high angular and energy resolution. We will present results from a large standoff SNM detection demonstration using a prototype high sensitivity time encoded modulation imager. C1 [Marleau, Peter; Brennan, James; Brubaker, Erik; Gerling, Mark; Nowack, Aaron; Schuster, Patricia; Steele, John] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Marleau, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 591 EP 595 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600124 ER PT S AU Zimmermann, S Anderson, JT Doering, D Joseph, J Lionberger, C Stezelberger, T Yaver, H AF Zimmermann, Sergio Anderson, John T. Doering, Dionisio Joseph, John Lionberger, Carl Stezelberger, Thorsten Yaver, Harold GP IEEE TI Implementation and Performance of the Electronics and Computing System of the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA), a germanium detector system capable of measuring energy and position (within better than 2mm rms) of gamma-ray interaction points and tracking multiple gamma-ray interactions, has been built. GRETINA is composed of seven detector modules, each with four highly pure germanium crystals. Four custom designed electronics support the operation of the detectors: Digitizer/Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Trigger/Timing, Breakout Chassis and the Detector Interface Box. The Digitizer/DSP converts the analog information with 14-bit analog to digital converters operating at 100 MS/s, and digitally processes the data to determine the energy and timing information of the gamma interactions within a crystal. The computing system is composed of VME readout CPUs running VxWorks, which communicate with 62 dual-processor farm (each processor with four cores) through a 10 Gb/s Ethernet switch. The CPUs read out the digitizer/DSPs and send the data to the farm. The processors compute the position and track of the interactions of the gamma-ray inside the crystals. The processor farm is capable of processing in real-time the position of 20,000 gamma-ray/s. In this paper we will present the details of the implementation and performance of the electronics and computing system of GRETINA. C1 [Zimmermann, Sergio; Doering, Dionisio; Joseph, John; Lionberger, Carl; Stezelberger, Thorsten; Yaver, Harold] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Anderson, John T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zimmermann, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM szimmermann@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Manuscript received November 21, 2011; revised May 08, 2012; accepted May 27, 2012. Date of publication August 27, 2012; date of current version October 09, 2012. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 596 EP 601 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600125 ER PT S AU Purschke, ML Budassi, M Cao, T Fried, J Gualtieri, E Junnarkar, SS Karp, JS Maramraju, SH O'Connor, P Pratte, JP Ravindranath, B Schlyer, D Stoll, SP Vaska, P Woody, C AF Purschke, Martin L. Budassi, M. Cao, T. Fried, J. Gualtieri, E. Junnarkar, S. S. Karp, J. S. Maramraju, S. -H. O'Connor, P. Pratte, J. -P. Ravindranath, B. Schlyer, D. Stoll, S. P. Vaska, P. Woody, C. GP IEEE TI Readout Technologies for the BNL-UPenn MRI-Compatible PET Scanner for Rodents SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB We describe the prototype of a full-body PET scanner for rats that is compatible with a 9.4 T MRI system. The detector consists of 96 PET detector blocks in a cylindrical arrangement. In this paper we concentrate on a new readout technology, which takes advantage of the fact that optical fibers are insensitive to electromagnetic interference. The data are formatted in a FPGA on the motherboard and sent to a data acquisition computer through standard Gigabit Ethernet connections. We will describe the technology chosen for the system, and introduce the data acquisition adapted for the readout of the data. C1 [Purschke, Martin L.; Fried, J.; O'Connor, P.; Schlyer, D.; Stoll, S. P.; Vaska, P.; Woody, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gualtieri, E.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Pratte, J. -P.] Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Budassi, M.; Maramraju, S. -H.] Oxford Brookes Univ, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. RP Purschke, ML (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 617 EP 620 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600129 ER PT S AU Baumbaugh, A Carini, G Deptuch, G Grybos, P Hoff, J Maj, P Siddons, P Szczygiel, R Trimpl, M Yarema, R AF Baumbaugh, A. Carini, G. Deptuch, G. Grybos, P. Hoff, J. Maj, P. Siddons, P. Szczygiel, R. Trimpl, M. Yarema, R. GP IEEE TI Analysis of Full Charge Reconstruction Algorithms for X-Ray Pixelated Detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Existence of the natural diffusive spread of charge carriers on the course of their drift towards collecting electrodes in planar, segmented detectors results in a division of the original cloud of carriers between neighboring channels. This paper presents the analysis of algorithms, implementable with reasonable circuit resources, whose task is to prevent degradation of the detective quantum efficiency in highly granular, digital pixel detectors. The immediate motivation of the work is a photon science application requesting simultaneous timing spectroscopy and 2D position sensitivity. Leading edge discrimination, provided it can be freed from uncertainties associated with the charge sharing, is used for timing the events. Analyzed solutions can naturally be extended to the amplitude spectroscopy with pixel detectors. C1 [Baumbaugh, A.; Deptuch, G.; Hoff, J.; Trimpl, M.; Yarema, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Baumbaugh, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM baumbaugh@fnal.gov; carini@slac.stanford.edu; deptuch@fnal.gov; pgrybos@agh.edu.pl; jimhoff@fnal.gov; piotr.maj@agh.edu.pl; siddons@bnl.gov; robert.szczygiel@agh.edu.pl; trimpl@fnal.gov; yarema@fnal.gov RI Szczygiel, Robert/B-5662-2011; Maj, Piotr/C-9431-2013; Maj, Piotr/H-1069-2014 NR 3 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 660 EP 667 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600137 ER PT S AU Pangaud, P Arutinov, D Barbero, M Breugnon, P Chantepie, B Clemens, JC Fei, R Fougeron, D Garcia-Sciveres, M Godiot, S Hemperek, T Karagounis, M Kruger, H Mekkaoui, A Perrot, L Rozanov, A Wermes, N AF Pangaud, P. Arutinov, D. Barbero, M. Breugnon, P. Chantepie, B. Clemens, J. C. Fei, R. Fougeron, D. Garcia-Sciveres, M. Godiot, S. Hemperek, T. Karagounis, M. Kruger, H. Mekkaoui, A. Perrot, L. Rozanov, A. Wermes, N. GP IEEE TI A Tezzaron-Chartered 3D-IC electronic for SLHC/ATLAS hybrid pixels detectors Test Results and Irradiations Performance SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS AB The ATLAS pixel collaboration has started in 2008 a R&D program to use the latest advances in 3-D electronics technology in order to develop a new Front-End (FE) chip for a vertex detector for High Energy Physics (HEP). This program using the commercial Tezzaron-Chartered 0.13 mu m LP technology should be able to fulfill the requirements imposed by the ten times higher luminosity given by the High Luminosity LHC accelerator. The FE-TC4-P1 is a hybrid pixel read-out chip realized by the first MPW for HEP. This three dimensional chip includes an analog part called FE-TC4-AE and two digital parts called FE-TC4-DS and FE-TC4-DC. At the same time, several prototypes were realized in Chartered 0.13 mu m LP technology, in order to disentangle from effects induced by 3D architecture. These FE-C4-P1,2,3 prototypes have proved a good radiation hardness up to 400Mrads as well as good performances. This paper presents results from the FE-TC4-P1 chip which has been recently tested and irradiated. C1 [Pangaud, P.; Breugnon, P.; Chantepie, B.; Clemens, J. C.; Fei, R.; Fougeron, D.; Godiot, S.; Perrot, L.; Rozanov, A.] CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, Marseille, France. [Hemperek, T.; Karagounis, M.; Kruger, H.; Mekkaoui, A.] Univ Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Mekkaoui, A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Pangaud, P (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, Marseille, France. EM pangaud@cppm.in2p3.fr FU French National Agency for Research (ANR) [ANR-08 BLAN-073] FX This work was supported by the French National Agency for Research (ANR) under Grant No. ANR-08 BLAN-073. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 682 EP 684 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600141 ER PT S AU Hoff, JR Arora, R Cressler, JD Deptuch, GW Gui, P Lourenco, NE Wu, G Yarema, RJ AF Hoff, J. R. Arora, R. Cressler, J. D. Deptuch, G. W. Gui, P. Lourenco, N. E. Wu, G. Yarema, R. J. GP IEEE TI Lifetime Studies of 130nm nMOS Transistors Intended for Long-Duration, Cryogenic High-Energy Physics Experiments SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID HOT-CARRIER DEGRADATION; PREDICTION; MODEL AB Future neutrino physics experiments intend to use unprecedented volumes of liquid argon to fill a time projection chamber in an underground facility. To increase performance, integrated readout electronics should work inside the cryostat. Due to the scale and cost associated with evacuating and filling the cryostat, the electronics will be unserviceable for the duration of the experiment. Therefore, the lifetimes of these circuits must be well in excess of 20 years. The principle mechanism for lifetime degradation of MOSFET devices and circuits operating at cryogenic temperatures is via hot carrier degradation. Choosing a process technology that is, as much as possible, immune to such degradation and developing design techniques to avoid exposure to such damage are the goals. This requires careful investigation and a basic understanding of the mechanisms that underlie hot carrier degradation and the secondary effects they cause in circuits. In this work, commercially available 130nm nMOS transistors operating at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The results show that the difference in lifetime for room temperature operation and cryogenic operation for this process are not great and the lifetimes at both 300K and at 77K can be projected to more than 20 years at the nominal voltage (1.5V) for this technology. C1 [Hoff, J. R.; Deptuch, G. W.; Yarema, R. J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Arora, R.; Cressler, J. D.; Lourenco, N. E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Gui, P.; Wu, G.] Southem Methodist Univ, Dallas 75205, TX USA. RP Hoff, JR (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jimhoff@fnal.gov; cressler@ece.gatech.edu; deptuch@fnal.gov; pgui@smu.edu; yarema@fnal.gov FU Fermi Research Alliance; LLC [DE-AC02-07CHI1359]; United States Department of Energy FX This work was supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CHI1359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 685 EP 693 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600142 ER PT S AU Walder, JP Denes, P Grace, C von der Lippe, H Zheng, B AF Walder, J. P. Denes, Peter Grace, Carl von der Lippe, Henrik Zheng, Bob GP IEEE TI A Fast Low Noise CMOS Charge Sensitive Preamplifier For Column Parallel CCD Readout SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB A fast, low noise charge sensitive preamplifier for column parallel CCD readout application is presented. This prototype has been implemented on a commercial CMOS 65nm process. This preamplifier consists of a two stage transconductance amplifier with capacitive feedback to accommodate two gain ranges and a second transconductance amplifier to reset the circuit. An equivalent noise charge of 37 electrons for a 100ns readout cycle time is achieved for a power consumption of 5mW. Novel design techniques used in this circuit will be presented in detail along with measurement results obtained on the prototype. C1 [Walder, J. P.; Denes, Peter; Grace, Carl; von der Lippe, Henrik; Zheng, Bob] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Walder, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jpwalder@lbl.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 721 EP 724 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600149 ER PT S AU Abusleme, A Dragone, A Haller, G Wooley, BA AF Abusleme, Angel Dragone, Angelo Haller, Gunther Wooley, Bruce A. GP IEEE TI BeamCal Instrumentation IC: Design, Implementation and Test Results SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID PARTICLE PHYSICS AB The BeamCal detector, one of the calorimeters in the forward region of the International Linear Collider detector, will serve three purposes: ensure hermeticity of the detector for small polar angles, reduce the backscattering from pairs into the detector center, and provide a low-latency signal for beam diagnostics. The BeamCal specifications in terms of noise suppression, signal charge, pulse rate and occupancy pose unique challenges in the front-end and readout electronics design. The Bean - BeamCal Instrumentation IC - is a 32-channel front-end and readout IC that will address the BeamCal instrumentation requirements. By employing switched-capacitor filters and a slow reset-release technique, the Bean will process the signal charge at the International Linear Collider pulse rate. Each channel will have a 10-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter and digital memory for readout purposes. The Bean will also feature a fast feedback adder, capable of providing an 8-bit, low-latency output for beam diagnostic purposes. This work presents the design and characterization of the Bean prototype, a 3-channel IC that proves the principle of operation described. C1 [Abusleme, Angel] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Elect Engn, Santiago, Chile. [Dragone, Angelo; Haller, Gunther] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Wooley, Bruce A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Abusleme, A (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Elect Engn, Santiago, Chile. EM angel@ing.puc.cl; haller@slac.stanford.edu; wooley@par.stanford.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 758 EP 765 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600156 ER PT S AU Drake, G Cundiff, T De Lurgio, P Henriques, A Minashvili, I Nemecek, S Price, L Proudfoot, J Stanek, R AF Drake, G. Cundiff, T. De Lurgio, P. Henriques, A. Minashvili, I. Nemecek, S. Price, L. Proudfoot, J. Stanek, R. CA ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Syst GP IEEE TI An Upgraded Front-End Switching Power Supply Design for the ATLAS TileCAL Detector of the LHC SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB We present the design of an upgraded switching power supply brick for the front-end electronics of the ATLAS hadron tile calorimeter (TileCAL) at the LHC. The new design features significant improvement in noise, improved fault detection, and generally a more robust design, while retaining the compact size, water-cooling, output control, and monitoring features in this 300 KHz design. We discuss the improvements to the design, and the radiation testing that we have done to qualify the design. We also present our plans for the production of 2400 new bricks for installation on the detector in 2013. C1 [Drake, G.; Cundiff, T.; De Lurgio, P.; Price, L.; Proudfoot, J.; Stanek, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Henriques, A.] European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Minashvili, I.] Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. [Nemecek, S.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Drake, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM drake@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Commerce [BS 123456]; U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH 11357] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant No. BS 123456. The work at Argonne National Laboratory' is supported under U. S. DOE contract no. DE-AC02-06CH 11357. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 779 EP 786 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755600161 ER PT S AU Chichester, DL Thompson, SJ Seabury, EH Clement, RRC AF Chichester, David L. Thompson, Scott J. Seabury, Edward H. Clement, Ryan R. C. GP IEEE TI Parametric Evaluation of Active Neutron Interrogation for the Detection of Shielded Highly-Enriched Uranium in the Field SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID FISSIONABLE MATERIAL AB Parametric studies using numerical simulations are being performed to assess the performance capabilities and limits of active neutron interrogation for detecting shielded highly enriched uranium (HEU). Varying the shield material, HEU mass, HEU depth inside the shield, and interrogating neutron source energy, the simulations account for both neutron and photon emission signatures from the HEU with resolution in both energy and time. The results are processed to represent different irradiation timing schemes and several different classes of radiation detectors, and evaluated using a statistical approach considering signal intensity over background. This paper describes the details of the modeling campaign and some preliminary results, weighing the strengths of alternative measurement approaches for the different irradiation scenarios. C1 [Chichester, David L.; Thompson, Scott J.; Seabury, Edward H.; Clement, Ryan R. C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Chichester, DL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM david.chichester@inl.gov; scott.thompson@inl.gov; edward.seabury@inl.gov; ryan.clement@inl.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 964 EP 971 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601040 ER PT S AU Erickson, AS Lanza, RC Hynes, MV Blackburn, BW Bernstein, A Dazeley, S AF Erickson, Anna S. Lanza, Richard C. Hynes, Michael V. Blackburn, Brandon W. Bernstein, Adam Dazeley, Steven GP IEEE TI Cherenkov Counters for the Detection of Gamma Rays from Active Interrogation SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID REGION; WATER AB Water-based Cherenkov counters are considered for remote detection of special nuclear materials with aid of active interrogation. We designed and manufactured a detector capable of gamma ray detection and demonstrated particle energy discrimination ability. Background reduction techniques based on energy threshold and photomultiplier tube multiplicity were implemented in particle detection. Both approaches resulted in a significant suppression of low-level background. C1 [Erickson, Anna S.; Lanza, Richard C.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Erickson, Anna S.; Bernstein, Adam; Dazeley, Steven] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hynes, Michael V.; Blackburn, Brandon W.] Raytheon Corp, Integrated Def Syst, Tewksburg, MA USA. RP Erickson, AS (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM erickson28@llnl.gov; lanza@mit.edu FU NNSA SSGF Fellowship; U.S FX A. S. Erickson was fully supported by NNSA SSGF Fellowship. This work was supported in part by the U.S. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 972 EP 975 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601041 ER PT S AU Battaglia, M Bisello, D Celestre, R Contarato, D Denes, P Giubilato, P Mattiazzo, S Pantano, D Tindall, C AF Battaglia, Marco Bisello, Dario Celestre, Richard Contarato, Devis Denes, Peter Giubilato, Piero Mattiazzo, Serena Pantano, Devis Tindall, Craig GP IEEE TI Characterisation of a Thin, Fully-Depleted, Back-Illuminated SOI Pixel Sensor with Soft X-ray Radiation SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) C1 [Battaglia, Marco] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Battaglia, Marco] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Battaglia, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MBattaglia@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department [AC02-05CH11231]; INFN FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.DE AC02-05CH11231 and by INFN, Italy. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1057 EP 1059 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601055 ER PT S AU Genser, K Para, A Wenzel, H AF Genser, Krzysztof Para, Adam Wenzel, Hans GP IEEE TI Very High Resolution Hadron Calorimetry SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Experiments at the next generation of High Energy Physics accelerators will pose particularly strong requirements on the performance of hadron calorimeters. Significant progress in understanding of the fundamental limitations of hadron calorimeters combined with the major technological advances in dense inorganic scintillators and compact photodetectors enables development of new concept of hadron calorimetry based on a total absorption homogeneous hadron calorimeter. The energy resolution of such a calorimeter may reach a level of 15%/root E, while the very fine granularity may offer further advantages for the detailed reconstruction of final states or the background rejection. Dual readout calorimeter utilizing the Cherenkov signals will provide very good timing information necessary for the background rejection at the Muon Collider and/or correct assignment of the observed signals to the corresponding bunch crossing at the CLIC collider. C1 [Genser, Krzysztof; Para, Adam; Wenzel, Hans] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Genser, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM para@fnal.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1177 EP 1182 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601080 ER PT S AU Neff, S Hauf, S Lang, P Roth, M Gunther, M Deppert, O Hoffmann, DHH Kuster, M Pia, MG Bell, ZW AF Neff, S. Hauf, S. Lang, P. Roth, M. Guenther, M. Deppert, O. Hoffmann, D. H. H. Kuster, M. Pia, M. G. Bell, Z. W. GP IEEE TI An activation experiment with laser-accelerated high-energy protons to optimize the graded-z shield design for the IXO/ATHENA satellite missions SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Geant4; Laser-accelerated protons; ATHENA AB The International X-ray Observatory (IXO) and ATHENA are next-generation X-ray satellites that are currently being designed as a successors of XMM-Newton. To ensure a low background for the detectors, the satellite shielding is being optimized with the Monte Carlo code Geant4. The satellite will be impacted by highly energetic protons which can activate the satellite shielding and thus cause additional background signals. Geant4 contains algorithms to simulate the activation and subsequent decay of materials, but the part of the code responsible for modeling these processes has not been thoroughly checked yet and first experiments have shown significant differences between the measurements and the corresponding simulations. To address these modeling issues, we have carried out activation experiments with laser-accelerated protons using the PHELIX high-power laser at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt. In these experiments we have created a proton beam via target normal sheath acceleration. The energy spectrum of these protons is similar to typical proton spectra of solar flares and the cosmic background, both in maximum energy and their energy distribution. With the PHELIX laser, we have focused a 100 J, 1 ps pulse onto a primary target, creating protons beams with maximum energies of 17 MeV. We have used these laser-accelerated protons to activate target foils and subsequently measured the gamma spectra of these foils with high-purity germanium detectors; the proton energy spectrum has been measured with radiochromic films. We are currently working on analyzing the data and will use the results to validate physics models of activation processes and radioactive decay processes in Geant4. C1 [Neff, S.; Hauf, S.; Lang, P.; Roth, M.; Guenther, M.; Deppert, O.; Hoffmann, D. H. H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Kuster, M.] European XFEL, Hamburg, Germany. [Pia, M. G.] INFN Sezione, Genoa, Italy. [Bell, Z. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Neff, S (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. EM neff.stephan@skmail.ikp.physik.tu-darmstadt.de FU DLR [50 QR 0902] FX This work was supported by DLR under grant number 50 QR 0902 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1194 EP 1196 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601083 ER PT S AU Vogel, JK Pivovaroff, MJ Nagarkar, VV Kudrolli, H Madsen, KK Koglin, JE Christensen, FE Brejnholt, NF AF Vogel, Julia K. Pivovaroff, Michael J. Nagarkar, Vivek V. Kudrolli, Haris Madsen, Kristin Kruse Koglin, Jason E. Christensen, Finn E. Brejnholt, Nicolai F. GP IEEE TI Application of an EMCCD Camera for Calibration of Hard X-Ray Telescopes SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE EMCCD; NuSTAR; hard x-ray mission; hard x-ray detectors; calibration; scintillator; x-ray detectors AB Recent technological innovations now make it feasible to construct hard x-ray telescopes for space-based astronomical missions. Focusing optics are capable of improving the sensitivity in the energy range above 10 keV by orders of magnitude compared to previously used instruments. The last decade has seen focusing optics developed for balloon experiments [1] and they will soon be implemented in approved space missions such as the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) [2] and ASTRO-H [3]. The full characterization of x-ray optics for astrophysical and solar imaging missions, including measurement of the point spread function (PSF) as well as scattering and reflectivity properties of substrate coatings, requires a very high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, photon counting and energy discriminating, large area detector. Novel back-thinned Electron Multiplying Charge-Coupled Devices (EMCCDs) [4] are highly suitable detectors for ground-based calibrations. Their chip can be optically coupled to a microcolumnar CsI(Tl) scintillator [5] via a fiberoptic taper. Not only does this device exhibit low noise and high spatial resolution inherent to CCDs, but the EMCCD is also able to handle high frame rates due to its controllable internal gain. Additionally, thick CsI(Tl) yields high detection efficiency for x-rays [6]. This type of detector has already proven to be a unique device very suitable for calibrations in astrophysics: such a camera was used to support the characterization of the performance for all NuSTAR optics [7]-[9]. Further optimization will enable similar cameras to be improved and used to calibrate x-ray telescopes for future space missions. In this paper, we discuss the advantages of using an EMCCD to calibrate hard x-ray optics. We will illustrate the promising features of this detector solution using examples of data obtained during the ground calibration of the NuSTAR telescopes performed at Columbia University during 2010/2011. Finally, we give an outlook on ongoing development and optimizations, such as the use of single photon counting mode to enhance spectral resolution. C1 [Vogel, Julia K.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. [Nagarkar, Vivek V.; Kudrolli, Haris] Radiat Monitoring Dev RMD, Watertown, MA USA. [Madsen, Kristin Kruse] Caltech Div Phys Math & Astronm, Pasadena, CA USA. [Koglin, Jason E.] Columbia Univ Astrophy Lab, New York, NY USA. [Christensen, Finn E.; Brejnholt, Nicolai F.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst DTU Space, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Vogel, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. EM vogel9@llnl.gov RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNXIICH32P] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The support of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program is gratefully acknowledged. We thank our colleagues at NuSTAR for their support and cooperation and Columbia University for hospitality. We also thank NASA for funding this research under grant number NNXIICH32P NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1204 EP 1212 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601086 ER PT S AU Galloway, ML Amman, M Awadalla, S Bindley, G Boggs, SE Chen, H Chivers, D Lee, JS Luke, PN Marthandam, P Mihailescu, L Negut, V Priest, A Taherion, S Vetter, K Zoglauer, A AF Galloway, Michelle L. Amman, Mark Awadalla, Salah Bindley, Glenn Boggs, Steven E. Chen, Henry Chivers, Dan Lee, Julie S. Luke, Paul N. Marthandam, Pramodha Mihailescu, Lucian Negut, Victor Priest, Anders Taherion, Saeid Vetter, Kai Zoglauer, Andreas GP IEEE TI Status of the High Efficiency Multimode Imager SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The High Efficiency Multimode Imager (HEMI) is an instrument to detect, locate, and spectroscopically characterize radioactive sources with gamma-ray emissions at long-range standoff distances. HEMI consists of modular cubic-centimeter coplanar-grid CdZnTe detector elements configured in a two-plane array that allows for both Compton scattering and coded aperture imaging. Measurements and simulations have been performed using a variety of radioactive sources at different positions with respect to a prototype HEMI array in order to demonstrate the source identification and localization capabilities of the system. This paper will provide an overview of the HEMI instrument as well as present results from simulations and measurements using the completed detector array. C1 [Galloway, Michelle L.; Boggs, Steven E.; Zoglauer, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Amman, Mark; Chivers, Dan; Lee, Julie S.; Luke, Paul N.; Mihailescu, Lucian; Negut, Victor; Priest, Anders; Vetter, Kai] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Awadalla, Salah; Bindley, Glenn; Chen, Henry; Marthandam, Pramodha; Taherion, Saeid] Redlen Technol, Saanichton, BC V8M 0A5, Canada. RP Galloway, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shell@ssl.berkeley.edu; Mark_Amman@lbl.gov RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015 OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224 FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office [HSHQDC-08-X-00832]; U.S.Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CHII231] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, under Interagency Agreement HSHQDC-08-X-00832 and by the U.S.Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract DE-AC02-05CHII231. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1290 EP 1293 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601102 ER PT S AU Aucott, TJ Chivers, DH Vetter, K AF Aucott, Timothy J. Chivers, Daniel H. Vetter, Kai GP IEEE TI Proximity Localization with the Mobile Imaging and Spectroscopic Threat Identification (MISTI) System SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The Mobile Imaging and Spectroscopic Threat Identification (MISTI) system was developed by the Naval Research Lab to perform stand-off gamma ray detection of potential threat sources. A new method for localizing sources at standoff using proximity techniques has been developed and demonstrated using the MISTI system. C1 [Aucott, Timothy J.; Vetter, Kai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chivers, Daniel H.; Vetter, Kai] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Nucl Sci Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Aucott, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tjaucott@berkeley.edu; chivers@berkeley.edu; kvetter@berkeley.edu FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security [2008-DN-077-ARl-00 I-02] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award No. 2008-DN-077-ARl-00 I-02. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1303 EP 1305 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601104 ER PT S AU Zoglauer, A Galloway, M Amman, M Boggs, SE AF Zoglauer, Andreas Galloway, Michelle Amman, Mark Boggs, Steven E. GP IEEE TI Status of MEGA lib's Real-Time Analysis Tool Realta SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Realta is the real-time analyzer of MEGAlib, a software tool to simulate and analyze the data from soft-to-medium-energy gamma-ray detectors in space and on the ground. Realta encompasses the complete data analysis path which ranges from coincidence determination, Compton scatter and pair creation event reconstruction, event selection, image reconstruction to spectral identification. Realta is highly multi-threaded to fully utilize today's multi-core CPUs and to enable real-time processing. Taking advantage of the versatility of MEGAlib, Realta can be applied to a wide variety of gamma-ray detectors (pixel detectors, strip detectors) and measurement scenarios (near field 2D and 3D, far field). Realta and MEGAlib are open source, freely available, written in C++, and based on ROOT. C1 [Zoglauer, Andreas; Galloway, Michelle; Boggs, Steven E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Amman, Mark] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zoglauer, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM zog@ssl.berkeley.edu RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015 OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224 FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Domestic Nuclear Detection Office [HSHQDC-08-X-00832]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, under Interagency Agreement HSHQDC-08-X-00832 and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1344 EP 1348 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601113 ER PT S AU Goldschmidt, A Miller, T Nygren, D Renner, J Shuman, D Spieler, H White, J AF Goldschmidt, Azriel Miller, Tom Nygren, David Renner, Joshua Shuman, Derek Spieler, Helmuth White, James GP IEEE TI High-Pressure Xenon Gas TPC for Neutrino-Less Double-Beta Decay in Xe-136: Progress Toward the Goal of 1% FWHM Energy Resolution SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB A high-pressure xenon gas (HPXe) TPC offers attractive possibilities in the search for neutrino-less double-beta decay in Xe-136. In the gas phase, near-intrinsic energy resolution is available from the ionization signal only, in contrast to the liquid phase which displays anomalously large fluctuations in the partition of energy between scintillation and ionization. In addition, events in the gas phase extend over several cm, permitting topological tests to discriminate efficiently against gamma-ray backgrounds. Our TPC exploits the nearly noiseless gain mechanism of electroluminescence to detect the signal. We report on progress with a small HPXe TPC that probes pressures up to 17 bars, also permitting variation of drift fields over an interesting range. The TPC provides excellent performance at the 662 keV gamma ray of Cs-137. This TPC was developed as part of the prototyping stage of the experiment NEXT (Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC), to take place at Canfranc underground laboratory. C1 [Renner, Joshua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goldschmidt, Azriel; Miller, Tom; Nygren, David; Shuman, Derek; Spieler, Helmuth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [White, James] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Renner, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jrenner@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CHI1231]; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) [DE-AC02-05CHI1231]; Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship [DEFC52-08NA28752] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy, and used the High Performance Storage System (HPSS) of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, both under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CHI1231. 1. Renner acknowledges the support of a Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship, grant number DEFC52- 08NA28752. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1409 EP 1412 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601129 ER PT S AU Grace, CR Walder, JP von der Lippe, H AF Grace, Carl R. Walder, Jean-Pierre von der Lippe, Henrik GP IEEE TI Multiplexed Oversampling Digitizer in 65 nm CMOS for Column-Parallel CCD Readout SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER; CIRCUITS AB A digitizer designed to read out column-parallel charge-coupled devices (CCDs) used for high-speed X-ray imaging is presented. The digitizer is included as part of the High-Speed Image Preprocessor with Oversampling (HIPPO) integrated circuit. The digitizer module comprises a multiplexed, oversampling, 12-bit, 80 MS/s pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and a bank of four fast-settling sample-and-hold amplifiers to instrument four analog channels. The ADC multiplexes and oversamples to reduce its area to allow integration that is pitch-matched to the columns of the CCD. Novel design techniques are used to enable oversampling and multiplexing with a reduced power penalty. The ADC exhibits 188 mu V-rms noise which is less than 1 LSB at a 12-bit level. The prototype is implemented in a commercially available 65 nm CMOS process. The digitizer will lead to a proof-of-principle 2D 10 Gigapixel/s X-ray detector. C1 [Grace, Carl R.; Walder, Jean-Pierre; von der Lippe, Henrik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grace, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crgrace@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1435 EP 1440 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601134 ER PT S AU Woody, C Cheung, S Haggerty, J Kistenev, E Stol, S AF Woody, C. Cheung, S. Haggerty, J. Kistenev, E. Stol, S. GP IEEE TI Design Studies for a Compact Tungsten Scintillator Electromagnetic Calorimeter SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Several designs are currently being investigated for a new type of compact electromagnetic calorimeter that should improve the performance and reduce the cost of electromagnetic calorimeters that are used in high multiplicity environments such as heavy ion collisions at RHIC or LHC. One is a so-called "optical accordion", which is based on the design of the liquid argon accordion calorimeter that has been used by ATLAS, but em ploys either scintillating fibers or scintillating plates with wavelength shifting fibers as the active medium, and accordion shaped tungsten plates as the absorber medium. The tungsten can be either a composite or sintered material that allows the formation of accordion shaped plates and has a density nearly that of pure tungsten. Another design is a projective "shashlik" which has a tower structure with alternating layers of tungsten absorber and scintillator plates read out with wavelength shifting fibers. Both designs can utilize a silicon photomultiplier or APD readout that would allow it to be used inside a magnetic field. Results are presented on the light output of various configurations of the optical accordion and projective shashlik, as well as from a Monte Carlo study of the expected performance of the design. C1 [Woody, C.; Cheung, S.; Haggerty, J.; Kistenev, E.; Stol, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Woody, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1471 EP 1475 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601141 ER PT S AU Choong, WS Rahman, MM Holland, SE AF Choong, Woon-Seng Rahman, Muhammad M. Holland, Stephen E. GP IEEE TI Back-Side Readout Silicon Photomultiplier SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID DETECTORS AB We present a novel structure for the back-side readout silicon photomultipler (SiPM). Current SiPMs are front-illuminated structures with front-side readout, which have relatively small geometric fill factor leading to degradation in their photon detection efficiency (PDE). Back-side readout devices will provide an advantageous solution to achieve high PDE. We designed and investigated a novel structure that would allow back-side readout while creating a region of high electric field optimized for avalanche breakdown. In addition, this structure has relatively high fill factor and also allow direct coupling of individual micro-cell of the SiPM to application-specific integrated circuits. We will discuss the performance that can be attained with this structure through device simulation and the process flow that can be used to fabricate this structure through process simulation. C1 [Choong, Woon-Seng; Rahman, Muhammad M.; Holland, Stephen E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Choong, WS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wschoong@lbl.gov RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1669 EP 1673 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601184 ER PT S AU Chen, W Carini, GA De Geronimo, G Gaskin, JA Keister, JW Li, S Li, Z Ramsey, BD Siddons, DP Smith, GC Verbitskaya, E AF Chen, W. Carini, G. A. De Geronimo, G. Gaskin, J. A. Keister, J. W. Li, S. Li, Z. Ramsey, B. D. Siddons, D. P. Smith, G. C. Verbitskaya, E. GP IEEE TI Radiation effects of n-type, low resistivity, spiral Silicon Drift Detector hybrid systems SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID X-RAY SPECTROMETERS; CMOS TECHNOLOGIES AB We have developed a new thin-window, n-type, low-resistivity, spiral silicon drift detector (SDD) array - to be used as an extraterrestrial X-ray spectrometer (in varying environments) for NASA. To achieve low-energy response, a thin SDD entrance window was produced using a previously developed method. These thin-window devices were also produced on lower resistivity, thinner, n-type, silicon material, effectively ensuring their radiation hardness in anticipation of operation in potentially harsh radiation environments (such as found around the Jupiter system). Using the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility beam line RERS1, we irradiated a set of suitable diodes up to 5 Mrad and the latest iteration of our ASICs up to 12 Mrad. Then we irradiated two hybrid detectors consisting of newly, such-produced in-house (BNL) SDD chips bonded with ASICs with doses of 0.25 Mrad and 1 Mrad. Also we irradiated another hybrid detector consisting of previously produced (by KETEK) on n-type, high-resistivity SDD chip bonded with BNL's ASICs with a dose of 1 Mrad. The measurement results of radiated diodes (up to 5 Mrad), ASICs (up to 12 Mrad) and hybrid detectors (up to 1 Mrad) are presented here. C1 [Chen, W.; Carini, G. A.; De Geronimo, G.; Keister, J. W.; Li, S.; Li, Z.; Siddons, D. P.; Smith, G. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Carini, G. A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Gaskin, J. A.; Ramsey, B. D.] NASA, MSFC, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Verbitskaya, E.] Inst Russian Acad Sci, Phys Tech, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM weichen@bnl.gov RI Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CHI0886]; NASA Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science; Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Program FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHI0886. This work was also funded in-part by the NASA Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science, Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Program. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1697 EP 1701 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601189 ER PT S AU Kistenev, E Li, Z Sukhanov, A AF Kistenev, E. Li, Z. Sukhanov, A. GP IEEE TI Novel Si sensors and readout for the compact high resolving power electromagnetic calorimeter SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Calorimetry is the most important single tool for electron, photon, and neutral pion measurements and still drives overall detector dimensions and cost. We report here on a development of a new Si detector with "integrated" readout which helps to keep calorimeter dimensions and cost under control simultaneously enhancing the multi-photon resolving power and implementing energy flow measurement capability in Si based calorimeter. The prototype electromagnetic Si-W calorimeter with high resolving power (FOCal) was recently built and tested I with funding provided by PHENIX and is now being upgraded to combine precision position measurements with energy flow measuring functionality (StriPad and MiniPad-structured sensors in every sampling layer). New sensors are made in p+/n/n+ configuration with segmented side being the p+. All devices are read by the 128 channels SVX4 strip readout chip developed at FNAL. Depending on the sensor layout the 128 readout channels are either (I) shared between 16 pixelated pads (15x15 mm(2) each) overlapping with 112 pixelated strips (similar to 0.54x62mm(2) each), or connected to (2) 128 strips (similar to 0.47x62mm(2) each) or (3) 128 minipads (similar to 1.8x15mm(2) each) implemented on a 62x62mm(2) silicon substrate. The sensors are laminated with readout cards which carry one or two (dual gain readout) SVX4 chips to form pluggable micromodules. Thus built micromodules take only 2 mm of longitudinal space in detector leading to dramatic improvement in detector compactness (small Moliere radius). Novel sensors supported by low power, high density fully digital readout allows to upgrade silicon based calorimeter for energy flow measurements at essentially no extra cost. C1 [Kistenev, E.; Li, Z.; Sukhanov, A.] USA, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kistenev, E (reprint author), USA, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1730 EP 1731 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755601196 ER PT S AU Wu, JY Warner, A AF Wu, Jinyuan Warner, Arden GP IEEE TI A Novel Digitization Scheme with FPGA-based TDC for Beam Loss Monitors Operating at Cryogenic Temperature SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Cryogenic Loss Monitors; Dark Current; TDC; FPGA Firmware AB Recycling integrators are common current-to-frequency converting circuits for measurements of low current such as that produced by Fermilab's cryogenic ionization chambers. In typical digitization/readout schemes, a counter is utilized to accumulate the number of pulses generated by the recycling integrator to adequately digitize the total charge. In order to calculate current with reasonable resolution (e. g., 7-8 bits), hundreds of pulses must be accumulated which corresponds to a long sampling period, i.e., a very low sampling rate. In our new scheme, an FPGA-based Time-to-Digital Convertor (TDC) is utilized to measure the time intervals between the pulses output from the recycling integrator. Using this method, a sample point of the current can be made with good resolution (>10 bits) for each pulse. This effectively increases the sampling rates by hundreds of times for the same recycling integrator front-end electronics. This scheme provides a fast response to the beams loss and is potentially suitable for accelerator protection applications. Moreover, the method is also self-zero-suppressed, i.e., it produces more data when the beam loss is high while it produces significantly less data when the beam loss is low. C1 [Wu, Jinyuan; Warner, Arden] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wu, JY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jywu168@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1829 EP 1832 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602011 ER PT S AU Doering, D Andresen, N Contarato, D Denes, P Joseph, JM McVittie, P Walder, JP Weizeorick, J Zheng, B AF Doering, Dionisio Andresen, Nord Contarato, Devis Denes, Peter Joseph, John M. McVittie, Patrick Walder, Jean-Pierre Weizeorick, John Zheng, Bob GP IEEE TI High Speed, Direct Detection 1k Frame-Store CCD Sensor for Synchrotron Radiation SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB This work presents the development of a high speed, direct detection, 1k Frame Store CCD camera for synchrotron radiation. We review the research and development of this detector from small scale prototypes to a megapixel sensor, highlighting design challenges and solutions, and reporting on the achieved imaging performance. Further, we report on performance improvements obtained by implementing a second-generation fast readout integrated circuit manufactured in 0.25 mu m CMOS technology, as well as a voltage buffer chip manufactured in high voltage 0.35 mu m CMOS technology. The camera presented in this paper is high vacuum-compatible to allow for soft X-ray detection. C1 [Doering, Dionisio; Andresen, Nord; Contarato, Devis; Denes, Peter; Joseph, John M.; McVittie, Patrick; Walder, Jean-Pierre; Zheng, Bob] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doering, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS50A6134, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ddoering@lbl.gov; NCAndresen@lbl.gov; DContarato@lbl.gov; PDenes@lbl.gov; JMJoseph@lbl.gov; PJMcvittie@lbl.gov; JPWalder@lbl.gov; weizeo@anl.gov; BYZheng@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1840 EP 1845 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602013 ER PT S AU Silver, Y Ball, R Beene, JR Benhammou, Y Ben-Moshe, M Chapman, JW Dai, T Etzion, E Ferretti, C Guttman, N Friedman, PS Levin, DS Ritt, S Varner, RL Weaverdyck, C Zhou, B AF Silver, Y. Ball, R. Beene, J. R. Benhammou, Y. Ben-Moshe, M. Chapman, J. W. Dai, T. Etzion, E. Ferretti, C. Guttman, N. Friedman, P. S. Levin, D. S. Ritt, S. Varner, R. L. Weaverdyck, C. Zhou, B. GP IEEE TI Development of a plasma panel radiation detector: recent progress and key issues SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB A radiation detector based on plasma display panel technology, which is the principal component of plasma television displays is presented. Plasma Panel Sensor (PPS) technology is a variant of micropattern gas radiation detectors. The PPS is conceived as an array of sealed plasma discharge gas cells which can be used for fast response (O(5ns) per pixel), high spatial resolution detection (pixel pitch can be less than 100 micrometer) of ionizing and minimum ionizing particles. The PPS is assembled from non-reactive, intrinsically radiation-hard materials: glass substrates, metal electrodes and inert gas mixtures. We report on the PPS development program, including simulations and design and the first laboratory studies which demonstrate the usage of plasma display panels in measurements of cosmic ray muons, as well as the expansion of experimental results on the detection of betas from radioactive sources. C1 [Silver, Y.; Benhammou, Y.; Ben-Moshe, M.; Etzion, E.; Guttman, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Beverly & Raymond Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ball, R.; Chapman, J. W.; Dai, T.; Ferretti, C.; Levin, D. S.; Weaverdyck, C.; Zhou, B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Beene, J. R.; Varner, R. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Friedman, P. S.] Integrated Sensors LLC, Toledo, OH USA. [Ritt, S.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. RP Silver, Y (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Beverly & Raymond Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM yiftahsi@post.tau.ac.il FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG0207ER84749, DE-SC0006204, DE-SC0006219]; BSF [2008123] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant Nos: DE-FG0207ER84749, DE-SC0006204, and DE-SC0006219. This work was also supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics, U. S. Department of Energy, and by the BSF under Grant No. 2008123. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1881 EP 1885 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602022 ER PT S AU Krieger, B Contarato, D Denes, P Doering, D Gnani, D Joseph, J Schindler, S AF Krieger, Brad Contarato, Devis Denes, Peter Doering, Dionisio Gnani, Dario Joseph, John Schindler, Simon GP IEEE TI Fast, radiation hard, direct detection CMOS imagers for high resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID ACTIVE PIXEL SENSOR AB This work presents the development of radiation-hard CMOS monolithic pixel sensors as direct electron detectors for high resolution, fast dynamic imaging in Transmission Electron Microscopy. The R&D path from small scale prototypes to megapixel, reticle size sensors manufactured in 0.35 and 0.18 mu m commercial CMOS processes is briefly reviewed. Design challenges and solutions are highlighted, with reporting on the achieved imaging performance and radiation hardness of sensors that can ultimately achieve readout rates as high as 6.4 gigapixels/s. Further, we will report on the latest search for an improved pixel architecture and layout, and introduce the evaluation of a first prototype sensor manufactured in a 65 nm CMOS process. C1 [Krieger, Brad; Contarato, Devis; Denes, Peter; Doering, Dionisio; Gnani, Dario; Joseph, John; Schindler, Simon] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Krieger, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bnkrieger@lbl.gov RI Gnani, Dario/J-6426-2012 OI Gnani, Dario/0000-0003-0464-9176 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1946 EP 1949 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602035 ER PT S AU Barton, P Luke, P Amman, M Chan, YD Detwiler, J Loach, J Martin, R Poon, A Tindall, C Vetter, K AF Barton, Paul Luke, Paul Amman, Mark Chan, Yuen-Dat Detwiler, Jason Loach, James Martin, Ryan Poon, Alan Tindall, Craig Vetter, Kai GP IEEE TI Low-Noise Low-Mass Front End Electronics for Low-Background Physics Experiments Using Germanium Detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB A low-noise resistive-feedback front-end electronics assembly has been developed for use with p-type point contact (PPC) Ge detectors in low background experiments. The front end was designed to have a low mass and potentially low radioactivity. It is fabricated on a fused silica substrate, and consists of a low-noise JFET, a feedback resistor formed from an amorphous Ge thin film, and feedback capacitor based on the stray capacitance between circuit traces. The substrate provides the appropriate thermal impedance to allow the FET to operate at the optimal temperature from self-heating when one side of the substrate is held at liquid nitrogen temperature. A noise level of 85 eV FWHM at 20 us peaking time has been observed in combination with a small PPC detector, the 1/f contribution being as low as 30 eV for the front end alone. This approach of employing ultra-low-mass and low-noise front-end electronics in combination with larger-size PPC detectors can be an enabling technology towards the observation of particles and processes such as neutrino-less double-beta, coherent neutrino scattering or cold dark matter. C1 [Barton, Paul; Luke, Paul; Amman, Mark; Chan, Yuen-Dat; Detwiler, Jason; Loach, James; Martin, Ryan; Poon, Alan; Tindall, Craig; Vetter, Kai] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. RP Barton, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. EM pjbarton@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 1976 EP 1979 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602041 ER PT S AU Brubaker, E Dibble, D Yang, P AF Brubaker, Erik Dibble, Dean Yang, Pin GP IEEE TI Thermal neutron detection using alkali halide scintillators with Li-6 and pulse shape discrimination SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID TL+ CONCENTRATIONS; ALPHA-PARTICLES AB An ideal He-3 detector replacement for the near-to medium-term future will use materials that are easy to produce and well understood, while maintaining thermal neutron detection efficiency and gamma rejection close to the He-3 standard. Toward this end, we are investigating the use of standard alkali halide scintillators interfaced with Li-6 and read out with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). Thermal neutrons are captured on Li-6 with high efficiency, emitting high-energy alpha and triton (H-3) reaction products. These particles deposit energy in the scintillator, providing a thermal neutron signal; discrimination against gamma interactions is possible via pulse shape discrimination (PSD), since heavy particles produce faster pulses in inorganic scintillating crystals. We constructed and tested two classes of detectors based on this concept. In one case Li-6 is used as a dopant in polycrystalline NaI; in the other case a thin Li foil is used as a conversion layer. We present results from these investigations, including measurements of the neutron efficiency and gamma rejection for the two detector types. C1 [Brubaker, Erik; Dibble, Dean] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Yang, Pin] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brubaker, E (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; NNSA Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a mUlti-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was funded by the NNSA Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22). SAND 20 1 1-8912C. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2006 EP 2009 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602047 ER PT S AU Ziock, KP Blackston, MA Van Vuure, T AF Ziock, K. P. Blackston, M. A. Van Vuure, T. GP IEEE TI 3D Millimeter Event Localization in Bulk Scintillator Crystals SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE gamma-ray detectors; position-sensitive detector; coded-aperture; gamma-ray imager; nuclear imaging ID GAMMA-RAY IMAGER; RESOLUTION; PERFORMANCE; TELESCOPE; ARRAYS AB One of the primary goals of scintillator-based gamma-ray detector development is to obtain spatial resolutions in bulk crystals at the millimeter level in all three spatial dimensions. An even more challenging goal is to disentangle multiple simultaneous energy depositions with comparable spatial resolutions. We are exploring a new technique to achieve this level of performance through the use of close-coupled, coded-aperture shadow masks placed between the crystal and a position-sensitive phototransducer. We report on simulations of such a device using Monte Carlo light transport simulations performed with GEANT 4. Initial indications are promising; however, the technique will require a very high level of performance from the phototransducer. C1 [Ziock, K. P.; Blackston, M. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Van Vuure, T.] MAPPER Lithog, NL-2628 XK Delft, Netherlands. RP Ziock, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ziockk@ornl.gov FU office of DOE [NA-22] FX This work was supported by the NA-22 office of DOE. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2014 EP 2022 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602049 ER PT S AU Siegmund, OHW McPhate, JB Jelinsky, SR Vallerga, JV Tremsin, AS Hemphill, R Frisch, HJ Wagner, RG Elam, J Mane, A AF Siegmund, O. H. W. McPhate, J. B. Jelinsky, S. R. Vallerga, J. V. Tremsin, A. S. Hemphill, R. Frisch, H. J. Wagner, R. G. Elam, J. Mane, A. CA LAPPD Collaboration GP IEEE TI Development of Large Area Photon Counting Detectors Optimized for Cherenkov Light Imaging with High Temporal and sub-mm Spatial Resolution SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Progress towards the development of a 20 cm sealed tube optical detector with imaging and photon event time stamping is presented. Novel microchannel plates employing borosilicate micro-capillary arrays have been tested. These provide many performance characteristics typical of conventional MCPs, but have been made in sizes up to 20 cm, have low intrinsic background (0.085 events cm(-2) s(-1)) and very stable gain behavior for at least 1 C cm(-2) of charge extraction. Bialkali (Na2KSb) photocathodes with > 20% quantum efficiency have also been made on borofloat-33 windows compatible with a 20 cm sealed tube device. C1 [Siegmund, O. H. W.; McPhate, J. B.; Jelinsky, S. R.; Vallerga, J. V.; Tremsin, A. S.; Hemphill, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Frisch, H. J.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 94720 USA. [Wagner, R. G.; Elam, J.; Mane, A.; LAPPD Collaboration] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 94720 USA. RP Siegmund, OHW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ossy@ssl.berkeley.edu; mcphate@ssl.berkeley.edu; sharonj@ssl.berkeley.edu; jvv@ssl.berkeley.edu; ast@ssl.berkeley.edu; rhemp@ssl.berkeley.edu; frisch@hep.uchicago.edu; rgwcdf@hep.anl.gov; jelam@anl.gov; amane@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH 1 1357] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH 1 1357. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2063 EP 2070 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602059 ER PT S AU Ancu, L Falchieri, D Dopke, J Flick, T Heim, T Kugel, A Neumann, M Gabrielli, A Grosse-Knetter, J Joseph, J Krieger, N Olini, AP Morettini, P Schneider, B Schroer, N AF Ancu, L. Falchieri, D. Dopke, J. Flick, T. Heim, T. Kugel, A. Neumann, M. Gabrielli, A. Grosse-Knetter, J. Joseph, J. Krieger, N. Olini, A. P. Morettini, P. Schneider, B. Schroer, N. GP IEEE TI The ATLAS IBL BOC Demonstrator SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Detectors; Field Programmable Gate Array; Data acquisition AB The Insertable-B-Layer (IBL) is a new pixel detector layer to be installed at the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, CERN in 2013. It will be integrated into the general pixel readout and software framework, hence the off-detector readout electronics has to support the new front-end electronics whilst maintaining a high degree of interoperability to the components of the existing system. The off-detector readout is realised using a number of VME card pairs ROD and BOC plus a VME crate controller and a custom timing distribution system. The main elements of the new BOC design comprise optical interfaces towards the detector, signal conditioning and data recovery logic. We present the demonstrator used to verify the design approach. The demonstrator is based on a XILINX SP605 FPGA evaluation board and uses a Microblaze processor inside the FPGA to provide easy and flexible access to all essential BOC functions and the corresponding emulator modules, which enable full test of the entire BOC functionality even without any external components. However, optical interfaces may be connected via a mezzanine card. We present the details of the emulation circuitries together with measurement results showing the operation of the BOC logic. C1 [Ancu, L.; Schneider, B.] Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Gabrielli, A.] Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Falchieri, D.; Olini, A. P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bologna, Italy. [Dopke, J.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Flick, T.; Heim, T.; Neumann, M.] Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Gesamthsch, Germany. [Grosse-Knetter, J.; Krieger, N.] Univ Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany. [Joseph, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Morettini, P.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Kugel, A.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Ancu, L (reprint author), Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM akugel@ieee.org RI Gabrielli, Alessandro/H-4931-2012 OI Gabrielli, Alessandro/0000-0001-5346-7841 FU German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [05H09VHA, 05H09PX I, 05H09MGA] FX This work was supported in part by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under grants 05H09VHA, 05H09PX I and 05H09MGA NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2081 EP 2085 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602062 ER PT S AU Baumbaugh, A Bilki, B Butler, J Cundiff, T Dal Monte, L De Lurgio, P Drake, G Francis, K Haberichter, W Hazen, E Hoff, J Holm, S Kreps, A Repond, J Schlereth, J Smith, J Trojand, D Wu, S Xia, L Zhang, Q AF Baumbaugh, A. Bilki, B. Butler, J. Cundiff, T. Dal Monte, L. De Lurgio, P. Drake, G. Francis, K. Haberichter, W. Hazen, E. Hoff, J. Holm, S. Kreps, A. Repond, J. Schlereth, J. Smith, J. Trojand, D. Wu, S. Xia, L. Zhang, Q. CA CALICE Collaboration GP IEEE TI Production and Commissioning of a Large Prototype Digital Hadron Calorimeter for Future Colliding Beam Experiments SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB A new detector technology is being developed for future colliding beam experiments that is based on the use of fine-grained calorimetry, to optimize the use of Particle Flow Algorithms (PFAs) in measuring hadronic jets. Instead of traditional tower geometry and energy summation from many sampling layers, the new approach measures energy deposition in 1 cm(2) cells on each sampling layer using discriminators. Jets are reconstructed using hit patterns from each layer, combined with information from inner tracking and the electromagnetic calorimeter. We have built a 480,000 channel prototype detector that is based on Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) to demonstrate this concept. The development is part of the CALICE Collaboration. The readout system uses a 64-channel custom integrated circuit called DCAL to record hits from each cell and apply a global timestamp. The chips mount directly on sophisticated front-end boards that are not only an integral part of the charge collection of the detector chambers, but also incorporate digital signal transmission, clock and control, and power and ground. The readout of data is serial, multiplexed into high-speed serial streams and sent to a "back-end" VME system for time-sorting and higher-level triggering. The system can be operated with an external trigger or be self-triggered, and can produce trigger signals from the front-end chips. The construction, installation, and commissioning of this prototype system is now complete. We have begun a measurement program using a test beam at Fermilab. An overview of the system is described. Experiences in building this large prototype system are reported. Results from the test beam are presented. C1 [Baumbaugh, A.; Dal Monte, L.; Hoff, J.; Holm, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Cundiff, T.; De Lurgio, P.; Drake, G.; Francis, K.; Haberichter, W.; Kreps, A.; Repond, J.; Schlereth, J.; Smith, J.; Trojand, D.; Xia, L.; Zhang, Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA. [Bilki, B.] Univ Iowa, Iowa, IA USA. [Baumbaugh, A.; Dal Monte, L.; Hoff, J.; Holm, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Butler, J.; Hazen, E.; Wu, S.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA USA. [Smith, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX USA. [Trojand, D.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Zhang, Q.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Baumbaugh, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM drake@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Commerce [BS123456]; Argonne National Laboratory; U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CHl1357] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant No. BS123456. The work at Argonne National Laboratory' is supported under U. S. DOE contract no. DE-AC02-06CHl1357. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2152 EP 2162 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602076 ER PT S AU Wu, JY Odeghe, J Stackley, S Zha, C AF Wu, Jinyuan Odeghe, John Stackley, Scott Zha, Charles GP IEEE TI Improving Single Slope ADC and an Example Implemented in FPGA with 16.7 GHz Equivalent Counter Clock Frequency SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Front End Electronics; TDC; FPGA Firmware ID SENSOR AB Single slope ADC is a common building block in many ASCI or FPGA based front-end systems due to its simplicity, small silicon footprint, low noise interference and low power consumption. In single slope ADC, using a Gray code counter is a popular scheme for time digitization, in which the comparator output drives the clock (CK) port of a register to latch the bits from the Gray code counter. Unfortunately, feeding the comparator output into the CK-port causes unnecessary complexities and artificial challenges. In this case, the propagation delays of all bits from the counter to the register inputs must be matched and the counter must be a Gray code one. A simple improvement on the circuit topology, i.e., feeding the comparator output into the D-port of a register, will avoid these unnecessary challenges, eliminating the requirement of the propagation delay match of the counter bits and allowing the use of regular binary counters. This scheme not only simplifies current designs for low speeds and resolutions, but also opens possibilities for applications requiring higher speeds and resolutions. A multi-channel single slope ADC based on a low-cost FPGA device has been implemented and tested. The timing measurement bin width in this work is 60 ps, which would need a 16.7 GHz counter clock had it implemented with the conventional Gray code counter scheme. A 12-bit performance is achieved using a fully differential circuit making comparison between the input and the ramping reference, both in differential format. C1 [Wu, Jinyuan] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Odeghe, John] South Carolina State Univ, Orangeburg, NY 29115 USA. [Stackley, Scott] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Zha, Charles] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 6100 USA. RP Wu, JY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jywu168@fnal.gov; jodeghe@scsu.edu; sjstack@bu.edu; Charles.zha@rice.edu FU Fenni Research Alliance LLC [DE-AC02-07CHI1359]; United States Department of Energy FX This work was supported in part by Fenni Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CHI1359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2183 EP 2187 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602081 ER PT S AU Ziock, KP Bradley, EC Cheriyadat, AM Cunningham, M Fabris, L Fitzgerald, CL Goddard, JS Hornback, DE Kerekes, RA Karnowski, TP Marchant, WT Newby, RJ AF Ziock, K. P. Bradley, E. C. Cheriyadat, A. M. Cunningham, M. Fabris, L. Fitzgerald, C. L. Goddard, J. S. Hornback, D. E. Kerekes, R. A. Karnowski, T. P. Marchant, W. T. Newby, R. J. GP IEEE TI Performance of the Roadside Tracker portal-less portal monitor SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE radiation portal monitor; coded-aperture imager; gamma-ray detectors; gamma-ray imagers; nuclear imaging ID UNIFORMLY REDUNDANT ARRAYS; APERTURE; IMAGER AB We have developed a proof-of-concept prototype, rapid-deployment, gamma-ray portal monitor that can uniquely link the radiation signatures and visible-light images of vehicles in the system's field of view from the side of a multilane roadway. The instrument uses both visible-light and gamma-ray imaging to accomplish this. Vehicles entering the field of view of the visible-light imaging system are identified and tracked by an automated target acquisition and tracking software engine. The vehicle locations provided by this code are reported to the gamma-ray imager which uses them to locate the vehicles in the gamma-ray images and to collect the vehicle-specific radiation signatures from those images. Using this technique the gamma-ray data is integrated over the entire residence time of the vehicle in the gamma-ray imager field of view. The complete instrument comprises similar to 1-m(2) CsI(Na) detector area split between two units. The system has been designed to handle up to five-lanes of traffic at highway speeds, with one unit located on either side of the roadway. Because no equipment is required in the roadway, the instrument can be deployed without impacting the flow of traffic. The results of a test and evaluation campaign indicates that the system meets its design goal of detecting 37 MBq-class sources in any of five-lanes of traffic at up to 113 km/h. C1 [Ziock, K. P.; Bradley, E. C.; Cheriyadat, A. M.; Fabris, L.; Fitzgerald, C. L.; Goddard, J. S.; Hornback, D. E.; Kerekes, R. A.; Newby, R. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cunningham, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Marchant, W. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ziock, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ziockk@oml.gov RI Fabris, Lorenzo/E-4653-2013 OI Fabris, Lorenzo/0000-0001-5605-5615 FU Department of Homeland Security's Domestic Nuclear Detection Office FX This work was supported in part by the Department of Homeland Security's Domestic Nuclear Detection Office. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2195 EP 2203 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602084 ER PT S AU Maramraju, SH Smith, SD Rescia, S Stoll, S Budassi, M Bhadrecha, P Ravindranath, B Vaska, P Woody, C Schlyer, D AF Maramraju, S. H. Smith, S. D. Rescia, S. Stoll, S. Budassi, M. Bhadrecha, P. Ravindranath, B. Vaska, P. Woody, C. Schlyer, D. GP IEEE TI Evaluation of Cross-Modality Electromagnetic Interactions in a shielded PET/MRI System SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID RATCAP; PET AB A small-animal PET/MRI scanner was developed previously that was integrated in a Bruker 9.4 T microMRI system, with which simultaneous PET/MR images of a rat's brain and of a gated mouse-heart were obtained. To minimize electromagnetic interactions in our PET/MRI system, viz., the effect of radiofrequency (RF) pulses in the PET, our modular front-end PET electronics were surrounded with variously configured shields. These included a solid aluminum shield and thin segmented layers of copper shielding. It was noted that the gradient-echo RF pulses had no impact on PET data when the PET electronics were shielded with either the aluminum or copper shields. However, we observed spurious counts in the PET data resulting from high-intensity fast spin-echo RF pulses; compared to the unshielded condition, they were suppressed effectively by the aluminum shield (similar to 97%) and the double-layer copper shield (similar to 90%). Using the solid aluminum shield yielded a poorer signal in the MR images than compared to segmented copper shields. Our initial results on shielding demonstrate that we can obtain interference-free PET data during gradient-echo pulses and obtain good-quality MR images with thin copper layers covering the PET detector housing. C1 [Maramraju, S. H.; Budassi, M.; Bhadrecha, P.; Ravindranath, B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA. [Smith, S. D.; Rescia, S.; Stoll, S.; Vaska, P.; Woody, C.; Schlyer, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Maramraju, SH (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA. FU Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Manuscript received November 15, 2011. This research was carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 2500 EP 2505 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755602150 ER PT S AU Xi, W Weisenberger, AG Dong, H Kross, B Lee, S McKisson, J McKisson, JE Zorn, C AF Xi, W. Weisenberger, A. G. Dong, H. Kross, B. Lee, S. McKisson, J. McKisson, J. E. Zorn, C. GP IEEE TI A Depth-of-interaction PET Detector Using Mutual Gain-equalized Silicon Photomultiplier SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB We developed a prototype high resolution, high efficiency depth-encoding detector for PET applications based on dual-ended readout of LYSO array with two silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Flood images, energy resolution, and depth-of-interaction (DOI) resolution were measured for a LYSO array -0.7 mm in crystal pitch and 10 mm in thickness - with four unpolished parallel sides. Flood images were obtained such that individual crystal element in the array is resolved. The energy resolution of the entire array was measured to be 33%, while individual crystal pixel elements utilizing the signal from both sides ranged from 23.3% to 27%. By applying a mutual-gain equalization method, a DOI resolution of 2 mm for the crystal array was obtained in the experiments while simulations indicate similar to 1 mm DOI resolution could possibly be achieved. The experimental DOI resolution can be further improved by obtaining revised detector supporting electronics with better energy resolutions. This study provides a detailed detector calibration and DOI response characterization of the dual-ended readout SiPM-based PET detectors, which will be important in the design and calibration of a PET scanner in the future. C1 [Xi, W.; Weisenberger, A. G.; Dong, H.; Kross, B.; Lee, S.; McKisson, J.; McKisson, J. E.; Zorn, C.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. RP Xi, W (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. EM wxi@jlab.org NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 3166 EP 3168 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755603089 ER PT S AU Vaska, P Purschke, ML Fried, J Junnarkar, SS Gualtieri, E Pickup, S Karp, JS Stoll, S Maramraju, SH Ravindranath, B Budassi, M Cao, T Pratte, JF O'Connor, P Schlyer, D Woody, CL AF Vaska, P. Purschke, M. L. Fried, J. Junnarkar, S. S. Gualtieri, E. Pickup, S. Karp, J. S. Stoll, S. Maramraju, S. -H. Ravindranath, B. Budassi, M. Cao, T. Pratte, J. -F. O'Connor, P. Schlyer, D. Woody, C. L. GP IEEE TI An MRI-compatible PET Insert for Whole Body Studies in Rodents at High Functional and Anatomical Resolution SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB The feasibility of performing high-resolution PET and high-field MRI simultaneously in rodents has been previously demonstrated in small-scale systems capable of imaging the rat brain and mouse. We are nearing completion of a larger scale PET system which will accommodate the whole rat and perform at 9.4 T with <2 mm PET resolution. The PET insert has inner/outer diameters of 13.5/20.6 cm, compact enough to fit within the gradient set of a Varian large-bore 9.4T MRI system while accommodating on the inside a commercial Insight birdcage coil for the rat. The resulting volume capable of simultaneous PET/MRI imaging is 7 cm in diameter and 5 cm axially. The 96 PET detectors are arranged in 4 rings of modular detector blocks, each with an array of 2 x 2 x 14 mm LYSO crystal coupled to a Hamamatsu APD array and read out by the RatCAP ASIC. Data acquisition is divided into 4 sectors, each handled by a local FPGA which communicates via Ethernet to the host Pc. Offline data processing software is being developed to bin coincidences and determine physical corrections. Image reconstruction follows a listmode OSEM approach. The design of all hardware components is complete and prototypes of each have been fabricated. System integration is underway and initial performance of the system will be presented. C1 [Vaska, P.; Purschke, M. L.; Fried, J.; Junnarkar, S. S.; Gualtieri, E.; Pickup, S.; Karp, J. S.; Stoll, S.; Maramraju, S. -H.; Ravindranath, B.; Budassi, M.; Cao, T.; Pratte, J. -F.; O'Connor, P.; Schlyer, D.; Woody, C. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vaska, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM vaska@bnl.gov NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 3169 EP 3172 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755603090 ER PT S AU Zeng, GSL Kadrmas, DJ Gullberg, GT AF Zeng, Gengsheng L. Kadrmas, Dan J. Gullberg, Grant T. GP IEEE TI Fourier Domain Closed-Form Formulas for Estimation of Kinetic Parameters in Multi-Compartment Models SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL BLOOD-FLOW; DYNAMIC PET; COMPARTMENTAL-MODELS; LINEAR-REGRESSION; RIDGE-REGRESSION; IMAGES; ALGORITHMS; GENERATION AB Dynamic emission computed tomographic imaging with compartment modeling can quantify in vivo physiologic processes, eliciting more information regarding underlying molecular disease processes than can be obtained from static imaging. However, estimation of kinetic rate parameters for multi-compartment models can be computationally demanding and problematic in the presence of high statistical noise. A number of techniques for kinetic parameter estimation have been studied and are in use today, generally offering a tradeoff between computation time, robustness of fit, and flexibility with differing sets of assumptions. This paper offers a new perspective to the compartment model fitting problem where Fourier linear system theory is applied to derive closed-form formulas for estimating kinetic parameters for one-and two-tissue compartment models. The proposed Fourier domain estimation method is computationally efficient, provides a unique solution, and offers very different noise response as compared to traditional non-linear chi-squared minimization techniques. The unique feature of the proposed Fourier domain method is that the DC (Direct Current) component in the data is treated as the most important information. Only low frequency components are used for kinetic parameter estimation, and high frequency components that tend to be corrupted by statistical noise are discarded. Computer simulations show that the proposed method is robust without specifying the initial condition. C1 [Zeng, Gengsheng L.; Kadrmas, Dan J.] Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, UCAIR, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Gullberg, Grant T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr funct imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zeng, GSL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, UCAIR, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. EM larry@ucair.med.utah.edu; kadrmas@ucair.med.utah.edu; gtgullberg@lbl.gov FU NIH [ROI CAJ35556, ROI HL50663, ROI EB0072 I 9]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CHI 123I] FX This work was supported in part by the Ben B. and Iris M. Margolis Foundation, NIH grants ROI CAJ35556, ROI HL50663, ROI EB0072 I 9 and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CHI 123I. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 3209 EP 3216 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755603099 ER PT S AU Lee, S Kross, B Weisenberger, AG McKisson, J Goddard, JS Baba, JS Smith, MF AF Lee, S. Kross, B. Weisenberger, A. G. McKisson, J. Goddard, J. S. Baba, J. S. Smith, M. F. GP IEEE TI Dual-headed SPECT for awake animal brain imaging SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB Motion-corrected awake animal imaging is needed for normal-state investigations of models of neurological disease and brain activity. The awake animal brain SPECT/CT system, AwakeSPECT at Johns Hopkins University has in the past used a single gamma camera for imaging. Enhancements have been made by adding a pinhole collimator to the second gamma camera at the opposite side which has been previously equipped parallel hole collimator. Geometry calibration was performed using a custom built quality control phantom containing three Co-57 point sources and applied to the tomographic reconstruction code. Hot-rod phantom scans with Tc-99m were performed to test sensitivity and resolution improvements. The reconstruction results show significant resolution and sensitivity improvements. C1 [Lee, S.; Kross, B.; Weisenberger, A. G.; McKisson, J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Goddard, J. S.; Baba, J. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Smith, M. F.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM sjlee@jlab.org; babajs@oml.gov; msmith7@umm.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy under contract [DE-AC05-060R23 177]; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Manuscript received November 14, 20 II. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-060R23 177. Support for this research came from, the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 3250 EP 3252 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755603107 ER PT S AU Bowen, JD Huang, Q Gullberg, GT Seo, Y AF Bowen, Jason D. Huang, Qiu Gullberg, Grant T. Seo, Youngho GP IEEE TI Phantom Measurements and Simulations of Cardiac and Brain Studies Using a Multipinhole Collimator with 20 Apertures SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); multipinhole; myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI); dual-isotope imaging ID SCINTILLATION CAMERA AB SPECT, despite its success, has an uncertain future This is partly due to the continued use of parallel hole collimators. These collimators possess poor geometric sensitivity which leads to increased study times and higher dose requirements. In recent years there has been activity investigating dedicated SPECT cameras which attempt to build on the strengths of SPECT while addressing its weaknesses. Here we present measurements of a cardiac and Hoffman brain phantom (Data Spectrum, Hillsborough, NC) performed with a pair of focusing 20-pinhole collimators with 7.5 mm diameter tungsten apertures mounted on an Infinia Hawkeye 4 dual-head SPECT/CT system (GE Uealthcare, Chalfont St. Giles, UK). Comparisons are made with measurements taken with LEUR parallelhole collimators. We also present an assessment of point source sensitivity and image resolution. The cardiac and brain phantoms contained 3.8 mCi and 1.5 mCi of 99mTc-pertechnetate (140 keV), respectively. The cardiac phantom was imaged with six 300 s views over 180 degrees and the brain phantom was imaged with eight 300 s views over 360 degrees. The gantry orbit was circular with a radius of rotation between 22.5 cm and 25.0 cm. Shortened study times were simulated by scaling the projection data and adding Poisson noise. The multipinhole projection data were then reconstructed with 300 iterations of MLEM. We find that despite the relatively large pinhole sizes we obtain image quality comparable to that obtained with LEHR collimators at a fraction the acquisition time. For the cardiac phantom good quality images are obtained in 10 minutes, while for the brain phantom comparable image quality is attained in 10 minutes. The measured point source sensitivity near the central field of view is 7.4 x 10(-4), and optimal resolution is between 9 mm and 13 mm. These results indicate that imaging performance approaching that capable with dedicated SPECT cameras may be possible with these collimators while leveraging the existing SPECT install base. C1 [Bowen, Jason D.; Seo, Youngho] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Huang, Qiu] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Gullberg, Grant T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bowen, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM jason.bowen@ucsf.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 3417 EP 3421 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755603146 ER PT S AU Raulo, A Hennard, G Sowinska, M James, RB Fauler, A Fiederle, M AF Raulo, A. Hennard, G. Sowinska, M. James, R. B. Fauler, A. Fiederle, M. GP IEEE TI Te inclusions in Large Size CdTe THM Crystals SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Large area CdTe detectors; Te inclusions; resistivity mapping; IR measurements; non-destructive testing; material characterization ID TRAVELING HEATER METHOD; BRIDGMAN METHOD; CDZNTE; GROWTH; PERFORMANCE; SCATTERING; DETECTORS; DEFECTS AB The homogeneity of compound semiconductors wafers of high resistivity affects the production yield, and, therefore, the cost for industry. In general, the production yield of good spectral quality large size detectors is rather low compared to those of small size. CdTe as well as CdZnTe compounds are the most promising semiconductor materials used in the field of room temperature X-and gamma ray detectors. T hey can be used for the detection of low energy X-ray with resolution in the 200 eV range as well as in high energy gamma-spectroscopy, for radiation monitoring in nuclear field, space and astronomy and many other like medical and industrial imaging systems. Among the various crystal growing methods (Bridgman, (LPB, HPB, Horizontal Bridgman), Physical Vapor Transport (PVT), Travelling Heater Method), THM is low temperature growth process where the crystals have relatively low number of defects and less impurity incorporation from the crucible. T he main non-uniformity of the crystals comes essentially from Te excess growth conditions resulting from the retrograde slope of solidus line in the phase diagram. The influence of Te inclusions and precipitates on the electrical and spectroscopic properties of the detectors obtained from large size CdTe, crystals grown by THM method, are the subject of the present paper. T he latest results will be presented of the distribution and size of Te inclusions in THM grown CdTe crystals. IR imaging, resistivity and charge carrier mobility as well as electric and spectroscopic measurements have been used for materials characterization. Data will be presented obtained by CoReMa, Contactless Mobility-Lifetime Mapping and IR Microscopy. T he data will be correlated with the detector performance of selected samples. C1 [Raulo, A.; Hennard, G.; Sowinska, M.] EURORAD, 2 Rue Ettore Bugatti, F-67201Y Eckbolsheim Strasbourg, France. [James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Fauler, A.; Fiederle, M.] Univ Freiburg, Freiburger Mat Forschungszentrum, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. RP Raulo, A (reprint author), EURORAD, 2 Rue Ettore Bugatti, F-67201Y Eckbolsheim Strasbourg, France. EM a.raulo@eurorad.com; m.sowinska@eurorad.com; rjames@bnl.gov; michael.fiederle@fmf.uni-freiburg.de RI Fiederle, Michael/B-9750-2013 FU European project LACX FX Parte of this work was supported European project LACX NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4514 EP 4517 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755604157 ER PT S AU Nowicki, SF Anderson, SE Parsons, AM AF Nowicki, Suzanne F. Anderson, Stephen E. Parsons, Ann M. GP IEEE TI 6 MeV Energy Calibration and Reconstruction with Pixelated CZT Detectors using Digital Methods SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE CZT; gamma-ray spectroscopy; high energy ID CDZNTE DETECTORS AB CZT is an attractive material for gamma-ray spectroscopy due to its high resolution, high efficiency and ability to operate at room temperature. It has shown better than 1 % FWHM energy resolution at 662 keV. However, at higher energies, the electron cloud gets bigger than the size of a single pixel. This effect is known as charge sharing and contributes to energy resolution degradation. It is important for planetary science and astrophysics applications to broaden the energy range of pixelated CZT detectors. A digitizer system was used to study the response of a 2 cm x 2 cm x 1.5 cm pixelated CZT detector manufactured by Redlen Technology Inc., to a source of 6.129 MeV from the de-excitation of the second excited state of O-16. The 5.107 MeV double escape peak was identified and has shown that the response of the system is linear at high energy. C1 [Nowicki, Suzanne F.; Parsons, Ann M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Anderson, Stephen E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nowicki, SF (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM suzanne.f.nowicki@nasa.gov RI Parsons, Ann/I-6604-2012 FU NASA Goddard Space Flight Center FX This work was supported by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4697 EP 4700 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755604192 ER PT S AU Kim, S Hernandez, A Alhassen, F Pivovaroff, M Cho, HM Gould, RG Seo, YH AF Kim, Sangtaek Hernandez, Andrew Alhassen, Fares Pivovaroff, Michael Cho, Hyo-Min Gould, Robert G. Seo, Youngho GP IEEE TI Multi-Material Decomposition using Low-Current X-Ray and a Photon-Counting CZT Detector SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CT; DENSITY; SYSTEM AB We developed and evaluated an x-ray photon-counting imaging system using an energy-resolving cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector coupled with application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) readouts. This x-ray imaging system can be used to identify different materials inside the object. The CZT detector has a large active area (5x5 array of 25 CZT modules, each with 16x16 pixels, cover a total area of 200 mm x 200 mm), high stopping efficiency for x-ray photons (similar to 100 % at 60 keV and 5 mm thickness). We explored the performance of this system by applying different energy windows around the absorption edges of target materials, silver and indium, in order to distinguish one material from another. The photon-counting CZT-based x-ray imaging system was able to distinguish between the materials, demonstrating its capability as a radiation-spectroscopic decomposition system. C1 [Kim, Sangtaek; Alhassen, Fares; Gould, Robert G.; Seo, Youngho] Univ Calif San Francisco, Phys Res Lab, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Pivovaroff, Michael] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Cho, Hyo-Min] Yonsei Univ, Wonju, South Korea. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Phys Res Lab, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. EM sangtaek_kim@yahoo.com RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU National Institutes of Health [ROI EB000348, ROI EB012965] FX This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health under grant ROI EB000348 and grant ROI EB012965. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4735 EP 4738 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755604199 PM 23503709 ER PT S AU Kim, KH Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS Tappero, R Cui, Y Hossain, A Franc, J Marchini, L Zappettini, A Fochuk, P Gul, R Yang, G James, RB AF Kim, K. H. Bolotnikov, A. E. Camarda, G. S. Tappero, R. Cui, Y. Hossain, A. Franc, J. Marchini, L. Zappettini, A. Fochuk, P. Gul, R. Yang, G. James, R. B. GP IEEE TI New Insights for Uniform and Large-volume CdZnTe and CdMnTe Detectors SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB CdZnTe (CZT) and CdMnTe (CMT) materials come into the spotlight for room-temperature semiconductor detectors. Nonethelss, both materials still have limitations for the production of economical, uniform, and large-volume devices due to the zinc (Zn) segregation in CZT and manganese purity in CMT. The effective segregation coefficient of Zn in the CdTe host is nearly 1.3, so about 5-6% of Zn deviation has been reported in Bridgman-grown CZT (Zn=10%) ingots. Such Zn non-uniformity limits the cutting of the ingot parallel to the crystal growth direction for producing large-volume CZT detectors due to the signal non-uniformity that would be generated by the band-gap variations. However, our recent findings show that the Zn segregation can be controlled by the specific thermal environment. The high residual impurities in the starting source materials, especially for manganese, were obstacles for obtaining high-performance CMT detectors. The purification of manganese telluride (MnTe) by a floating Te melt-zone proved to be very effective, and CMT detectors fabricated with purified material give a 2.1% energy resolution for 662 keY associated with a (CS)-C-137 gamma source. C1 [Kim, K. H.; Bolotnikov, A. E.; Camarda, G. S.; Tappero, R.; Cui, Y.; Hossain, A.; Gul, R.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Franc, J.] Charles Univ Prague, Rrague, Czech Republic. [Marchini, L.] CNR, IMEM, Parma, Italy. [Fochuk, P.] Chernivisti Natl Univ, Chernivisti, Ukraine. RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM khkim@bnl.gov RI Fochuk, Petro/D-9409-2016; Franc, Jan/C-3802-2017 OI Fochuk, Petro/0000-0002-4149-4882; Franc, Jan/0000-0002-9493-3973 FU U.S.Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CHl-886, NA 22] FX This work was supported by U.S.Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Verification,NA 22. The manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates,LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHl-886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4751 EP 4755 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755604202 ER PT S AU Harrison, MJ Cherel, Q Monterial, M AF Harrison, Mark J. Cherel, Quentin Monterial, Mateusz GP IEEE TI Design of a Moderated Multidetector Neutron Spectrometer for Optimal Specificity SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) ID WIDE ENERGY-RANGE; RESPONSE MATRIX; PROPORTIONAL COUNTER; DETECTION SYSTEM; VARIANT DESIGNS; SLOW-NEUTRONS; REM COUNTER; DETECTOR; CALIBRATION; ABSORPTION AB Neutron spectrometry can play an important role in the detection and identification of neutron-emitting sources in various security applications. In the present work, a portable filtered array neutron spectrometer, consisting of twelve (LiF)-Li-6-based thermal neutron detectors embedded within a single heterogeneous volume was designed and its expected performance compared to that of a commercially available 12-sphere Bonner spheres spectrometer. Each detector within the volume was designed to optimally respond to a unique portion of the neutron spectrum by varying the type and thickness of materials used to filter the spectrum as well as the thickness of the moderator in front of the detector. The available design space was permuted and performance metrics developed to identify the optimal geometries. The top performing detector geometries were then combinatorially explored to identify the best array of geometries that yielded the most information about a neutron spectrum. The best performing filtered array was found to provide as much spectral information as, or more than, the commercially available 12-sphere Bonner spheres spectrometer to which it was compared. C1 [Harrison, Mark J.; Monterial, Mateusz] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cherel, Quentin] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cherel, Quentin] ALTRAN, Paris, France. RP Harrison, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM harrisonmj1@ornl.gov; quentin.cherel@altran.com; monterialm@ornl.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U. S. Department of Energy FX Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4787 EP 4794 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755605004 ER PT S AU Sowinska, M Simon, H Raulo, A Mycielski, A Kochanowska, D Witkowska-Baran, M James, RB AF Sowinska, M. Simon, H. Raulo, A. Mycielski, A. Kochanowska, D. Witkowska-Baran, M. James, R. B. GP IEEE TI Resistivity and mu-tau imager for automatic characterization of semiconductor materials SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) DE Semiconductor materials; Crystals characterization; Material uniformity; Resistivity and mu-tau product mapping AB Despite intensive research for the improvement of the quality of II-VI crystals, until now no clear method permits to determine quickly the performance of final detector, directly on the as-grown crystal or on the wafers. This situation induces excess cost, which hinders the development of detectors based on these binary and ternary semiconductors. The homogeneity of the semi-insulating crystals will determine the capacity of these semiconductors to be used in gamma- and X-rays detectors for imaging in medical, spatial and industrial applications. It appears, that the smaller the pixel unit size is, the better the material uniformity has to be. Fast characterization and non destructive methods become, therefore, imperative to keep the production costs in industry acceptable. The previously developed innovative contactless equipment for the mapping of resistivity of the wafers before contacts are deposited has become of great interest with a rather large domain of resistivity ( from 106 up to 1012 Ohm cm). We have introduced an additional contactless wafer mu-tau imaging of electrons on the same wafer automatically. The principle is based on a localized excitation of the wafer without any electrical contact and a particular use of the Hecht relation. In this paper, the main features of this new instrument will be presented and the results obtained on different materials CdTe, CdZnTe or CdMnTe presented and discussed. Very satisfying agreement has been observed between the results obtained with the new system and conventional methods based on the I-V and alpha spectroscopic measurements of detectors produced from these materials. C1 [Sowinska, M.; Simon, H.; Raulo, A.] EURORAD, Strasbourg, France. [Mycielski, A.; Kochanowska, D.; Witkowska-Baran, M.] Ist Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sowinska, M (reprint author), EURORAD, Strasbourg, France. EM m.sowinska@eurorad.com; adelaide.raulo@gmail.com; rjames@bnl.gov RI Kochanowska, Dominika/P-8978-2016 FU European project LACX FX Parte of this work was supported by European project LACX . NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4829 EP 4832 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755605012 ER PT S AU Wang, CL Clonts, LG Cooper, RG Crow, ML Diawara, Y Ellis, ED Funk, L Hannan, BW Hodges, JP Richards, JD Riedel, RA Hayward, JP Workman, HE Kline, C AF Wang, C. L. Clonts, L. G. Cooper, R. G. Crow, M. L. Diawara, Y. Ellis, E. D. Funk, L. Hannan, B. W. Hodges, J. P. Richards, J. D. Riedel, R. A. Hayward, J. P. Workman, H. E. Kline, C. GP IEEE TI Wavelength-Shifting-Fiber Scintillation Detectors for Thermal Neutron Imaging at SNS SO 2011 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 23-29, 2011 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (IEEE NPSS) AB We have developed a wavelength-Shiftingfiber Scintillator Detector (SSD) with a 0.3 m(2) area per module. Each module has 154 x 7 pixels and a 5 mm x 50 mm pixel size. Our goal is to design a large area neutron detector offering higher detection efficiency and higher count-rate capability for Time-Of-Flight (TOF) neutron diffraction in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). A ZnS/(LiF)-Li-6 scintillator combined with a novel fiber encoding scheme (v.3) was used to record the neutron events. A Cross-fiber Read-Out-Card (CROC) based digital-signal processing electronics and position-determination algorithm was applied for neutron imaging. Neutron-gamma discrimination was carried out using Pulse-Shape Discrimination (PSD). A sandwiched flat scintillator detector can have a detection efficiency close to He-3 tubes (about 10 atm). A single layer and sandwiched flat scintillator detectors have count rate capabilities of about 6,000 and 35,000 cps/cm(2), respectively, which can satisfy the count rate requirement of powder diffractometers at SNS. Detectors with v.3 fiber encoding have better image quality and higher spatial resolution than those with previous v.2 fiber encoding. C1 [Wang, C. L.; Clonts, L. G.; Cooper, R. G.; Crow, M. L.; Diawara, Y.; Ellis, E. D.; Funk, L.; Hannan, B. W.; Hodges, J. P.; Richards, J. D.; Riedel, R. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hayward, J. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Workman, H. E.; Kline, C.] PartTec Ltd, Bloomington, IN 47404 USA. RP Wang, CL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangc@ornl.gov; clontslg@ornl.gov; cooperrg@ornl.gov; crowmljr@ornl.gov; diawaray@ornl.gov; ellised@ornl.gov; funkll@ornl.gov; hannanbw@ornl.gov; hodgesj@ornl.gov; richardsj@ornl.gov; riedelra@ornl.gov; jhayward@utk.edu; herschel.workman@parttec.com; craig.kline@parttec.com RI Hodges, Jason/K-1421-2013 FU UT-Batelle; LLC with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Batelle, LLC under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-0120-6 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2011 BP 4877 EP 4882 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAM64 UT WOS:000304755605022 ER PT S AU Goodman, EL Jimenez, E Mizell, D Al-Saffar, S Adolf, B Haglin, D AF Goodman, Eric L. Jimenez, Edward Mizell, David Al-Saffar, Sinan Adolf, Bob Haglin, David BE Antoniou, G Grobelnik, M Simperl, E Parsia, B Plexousakis, D DeLeenheer, P Pan, J TI High-Performance Computing Applied to Semantic Databases SO SEMANTIC WEB: RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS, PT II SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC) CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2011 CL Heraklion, GREECE SP Ontotext, Enterprise Collaborat & Interoperabil (COIN), Elsevier, Insemtives, Planet Data, EETN, IOS Press, Talis DE Semantic Web; RDFS Inference; Cray XMT; Dictionary Encoding; SPARQL; graph databases AB To-date, the application of high-performance computing resources to Semantic Web data has largely focused on commodity hardware and distributed memory platforms. In this paper we make the case that more specialized hardware can offer superior scaling and close to an order of magnitude improvement in performance. In particular we examine the Cray XMT. Its key characteristics, a large, global shared-memory, and processors with a memory-latency tolerant design, offer an environment conducive to programming for the Semantic Web and have engendered results that far surpass current state of the art. We examine three fundamental pieces requisite for a fully functioning semantic database: dictionary encoding, RDFS inference, and query processing. We show scaling up to 512 processors (the largest configuration we had available), and the ability to process 20 billion triples completely in-memory. C1 [Goodman, Eric L.; Jimenez, Edward] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Mizell, David] Cray Inc, Seattle, WA 98164 USA. [Al-Saffar, Sinan; Adolf, Bob; Haglin, David] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Goodman, EL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM elgoodm@sandia.gov; esjimen@sandia.gov; dmizell@cray.com; sinan.al-saffar@pnl.gov; robert.adolf@pnl.gov; david.haglin@pnl.gov FU Center for Adaptive Supercomputing Software-Multithreaded Architectures at the Dept. of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [CASS-MT]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-ACO6-76RL01830] FX This work was funded under the Center for Adaptive Supercomputing Software-Multithreaded Architectures (CASS-MT) at the Dept. of Energys Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-ACO6-76RL01830 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-21064-8 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2011 VL 6644 BP 31 EP 45 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BBC89 UT WOS:000306485700003 ER PT S AU Bylaska, EJ Salter-Blanc, AJ Tratnyek, PG AF Bylaska, Eric J. Salter-Blanc, Alexandra J. Tratnyek, Paul G. BE Tratnyek, PG Grundl, TJ Haderlein, SB TI One-Electron Reduction Potentials from Chemical Structure Theory Calculations SO AQUATIC REDOX CHEMISTRY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; REDOX POTENTIALS; AB-INITIO; COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY; POLYCHLORINATED ETHYLENES; MEDIATED REDUCTION; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; RADICAL-ANIONS; COSMO-RS AB Many redox reactions of importance in aquatic chemistry involve elementary steps that occur by single-electron transfer (SET). This step is often the first and rate limiting step in redox reactions of environmental contaminants, so there has been a great deal of interest in the corresponding one-electron reduction potentials (E 1). Although E-1 can be obtained by experimental methods, calculation from first-principles chemical structure theory is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative. Sufficient data are now available to perform a critical assessment of these methodsand their resultsfor two types of contaminant degradation reactions: dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds (CACs) and reduction of nitro aromatic compounds (NACs). Early datasets containing E-1's for dehalogenation of CACs by dissociative SET contained a variety of errors and inconsistencies, but the preferred datasets show good agreement between values calculated from thermodynamic data and quantum mechanical models. All of the datasets with E(1)s for reduction of NACs by SET are relatively new, were calculated with similar methods, and yet yield a variety of systematic differences. Further analysis of these differences is likely to yield computational methods for E(1)s of NAC nitro reduction that are similar in reliability to those for CAC dechlorination. However, comparison of the E-1 data compiled here with those calculated with a more universal predictive model (like SPARC) highlight a number of challenges with implementation of models for predicting properties over a wide range of chemical structures. C1 [Bylaska, Eric J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bylaska, EJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM tratnyek@ebs.ogi.edu; tratnyek@ebs.ogi.edu NR 88 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2652-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1071 BP 37 EP 64 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BBA15 UT WOS:000306257800003 ER PT S AU O'Loughlin, EJ Boyanov, MI Antonopoulos, DA Kemner, KM AF O'Loughlin, Edward J. Boyanov, Maxim I. Antonopoulos, Dionysios A. Kemner, Kenneth M. BE Tratnyek, PG Grundl, TJ Haderlein, SB TI Redox Processes Affecting the Speciation of Technetium, Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium in Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments SO AQUATIC REDOX CHEMISTRY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ZERO-VALENT IRON; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; ENRICHED HUMIC DERIVATIVES; MICROBIAL U(VI) REDUCTION; LEPIDOCROCITE GAMMA-FEOOH; SOLID-WATER INTERFACE; GREEN RUST; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIA AB Understanding the processes controlling the chemical speciation of radionuclide contaminants is key for predicting their fate and transport in aquatic and terrestrial environments, and is a critical consideration in the design of nuclear waste storage facilities and the development of remediation strategies for management of nuclear legacy sites. The redox processes that influence the chemical speciation, and thus mobility, of Tc, U, Np, and Pu in surface and near-subsurface environments are reviewed, with a focus on coupled biotic-abiotic reactions driven by microbial activity. A case study of U-VI reduction under Fe-III- and sulfate-reducing conditions is presented, using a laboratory-based experimental system to simulate potential electron transfer pathways in natural systems. The results suggest that U-VI was reduced to nanoparticulate uraninite (UO2) and complexed mononuclear U-IV via multiple pathways including direct microbial reduction and coupled biotic-abiotic processes. These results highlight the potential importance of coupled biotic-abiotic processes in determining the speciation and mobility of Tc, U, Np, and Pu in natural and engineered environments. C1 [O'Loughlin, Edward J.; Boyanov, Maxim I.; Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.; Kemner, Kenneth M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP O'Loughlin, EJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM oloughlin@anl.gov RI O'Loughlin, Edward/C-9565-2013 OI O'Loughlin, Edward/0000-0003-1607-9529 NR 264 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2652-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1071 BP 477 EP 517 PG 41 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BBA15 UT WOS:000306257800022 ER PT S AU Glenn, S Bell, PM Benedetti, LR Bradley, DK Celeste, J Heeter, R Hagmann, C Holder, J Izumi, N Kilkenny, JD Kimbrough, J Kyrala, GA Simanovskaia, N Tommasini, R AF Glenn, S. Bell, P. M. Benedetti, L. R. Bradley, D. K. Celeste, J. Heeter, R. Hagmann, C. Holder, J. Izumi, N. Kilkenny, J. D. Kimbrough, J. Kyrala, G. A. Simanovskaia, N. Tommasini, R. BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI Advanced Gated X-Ray Imagers for Experiments at the National Ignition Facility SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-Ray Imaging; Framing Cameras; Lasers; NIF ID FRAMING CAMERAS; FUSION; GAIN AB X-ray imaging is integral to the measurement of the properties of hot plasmas. To this end, a suite of gated x-ray imagers have been developed for use in a wide range of experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). These instruments are sensitive to x-rays over the range of 0.7-90keV and can acquire images at 20ps intervals for source intensities ranging over several orders of magnitude. We review the design, technology, and construction of these instruments and present recent results obtained from NIF experiments in which gated x-ray imagers have played a key role. The radiation environment associated with Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments presents unique challenges for x-ray imaging. We report on the performance of gated imagers that have been optimized for this harsh environment and describe diagnostics to be deployed in the near future that will provide x-ray images of imploding ICF capsules in the presence of backgrounds associated with neutron yields above 10(16). Such images will provide crucial data that will enable even higher neutron yields and successful ignition. C1 [Glenn, S.; Bell, P. M.; Benedetti, L. R.; Bradley, D. K.; Celeste, J.; Heeter, R.; Hagmann, C.; Holder, J.; Izumi, N.; Kimbrough, J.; Simanovskaia, N.; Tommasini, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Glenn, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 814409 DI 10.1117/12.894328 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600009 ER PT S AU Hagmann, C Ayers, J Bell, PM Bourgade, JL Bradley, DK Celeste, J Cerjan, C Darbon, S Emig, J Felker, B Glenn, S Holder, J Izumi, N Kilkenny, JD Moody, J Piston, K Rousseau, A Smalyuk, VA Sorce, C AF Hagmann, C. Ayers, J. Bell, P. M. Bourgade, J. -L. Bradley, D. K. Celeste, J. Cerjan, C. Darbon, S. Emig, J. Felker, B. Glenn, S. Holder, J. Izumi, N. Kilkenny, J. D. Moody, J. Piston, K. Rousseau, A. Smalyuk, V. A. Sorce, C. BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI Radiation induced noise in x-ray imagers for high-yield inertial confinement fusion experiments SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE x-ray imager; neutron background; CCD noise; radiation damage AB The large fluence of 14-MeV neutrons produced in high-yield inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments creates a variety of backgrounds in x-ray imagers viewing the implosion. Secondary charged particles produce background light by Cherenkov emission, phosphor screen excitation and possibly scintillation in the optical components of the imager. In addition, radiation induced optical absorption may lead to attenuation of the signal. Noise is also produced directly in the image recorder itself (CCD or film) via energy deposition by electrons and heavy charged particles such as protons and alphas. We will present results from CCD background measurements and compare them to Monte Carlo calculations. In addition we show measurements of luminescence and long-term darkening for some of the glasses employed in imagers. C1 [Hagmann, C.; Ayers, J.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Celeste, J.; Cerjan, C.; Emig, J.; Felker, B.; Glenn, S.; Holder, J.; Izumi, N.; Moody, J.; Piston, K.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Sorce, C.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hagmann, C (reprint author), LLNL, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 814408 DI 10.1117/12.894232 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600008 ER PT S AU Johnson, W Antolak, A Leung, KN Raber, T AF Johnson, Will Antolak, Arlyn Leung, Ka-Ngo Raber, Tom BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI Coaxial Microwave Neutron Interrogation Source SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE neutron generator; coaxial dipole ECR ion source; active neutron interrogation; deuterium ion AB A compact neutron generator is being developed based on a novel coaxial dipole permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source. The ion source is capable of generating a high fraction of atomic ion species and can operate at low pressure. Multiple deuterium ion (D+) beamlets are extracted from the plasma ion source and accelerated to a beam-loaded titanium target creating 2.4 MeV neutrons as a result of the D-D fusion reaction at the target surface. This paper describes the design of the ECR-based neutron generator as well as reports on preliminary simulation and experimental results of the ion source performance. C1 [Johnson, Will; Antolak, Arlyn; Raber, Tom] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Johnson, W (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wcjohns@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 81440D DI 10.1117/12.895079 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600011 ER PT S AU Lemieux, DA Baudet, C Grim, GP Barber, HB Miller, BW Fasje, D Furenlid, LR AF Lemieux, Daniel A. Baudet, Camille Grim, Gary P. Barber, H. Bradford Miller, Brian W. Fasje, David Furenlid, Lars R. BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI Investigation of the possibility of gamma-ray diagnostic imaging of target compression at NIF SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE NIF; gamma; scintillator; GEANT4; energy deposition; ignition; fusion AB The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is the world's leading facility to study the physics of igniting plasmas. Plasmas of hot deuterium and tritium, undergo d(t,n)alpha reactions that produce a 14.1 MeV neutron and 3.5 MeV a particle, in the center of mass. As these neutrons pass through the materials surrounding the hot core, they may undergo subsequent (n,x) reactions. For example, C-12(n,n'gamma) C-12 reactions occur in remnant debris from the polymer ablator resulting in a significant fluence of 4.44 MeV gamma-rays. Imaging of these gammas will enable the determination of the volumetric size and symmetry of the ablation; large size and high asymmetry is expected to correlate with poor compression and lower fusion yield. Results from a gamma-ray imaging system are expected to be complimentary to a neutron imaging diagnostic system already in place at the NIF. This paper describes initial efforts to design a gamma-ray imaging system for the NIF using the existing neutron imaging system as a baseline for study. Due to the cross-section and expected range of ablator areal densities, the gamma flux should be approximately 10-3 of the neutron flux. For this reason, care must be taken to maximize the efficiency of the gamma-ray imaging system because it will be gamma starved. As with the neutron imager, use of pinholes and/or coded apertures are anticipated. Along with aperture and detector design, the selection of an appropriate scintillator is discussed. The volume of energy deposition of the interacting 4.44 MeV gamma-rays is a critical parameter limiting the imaging system spatial resolution. The volume of energy deposition is simulated with GEANT4, and plans to measure the volume of energy deposition experimentally are described. Results of tests on a pixellated LYSO scintillator are also presented. C1 [Lemieux, Daniel A.; Grim, Gary P.] Los Alamos Natl Labs, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lemieux, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Labs, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Miller, Brian/A-3710-2014 OI Miller, Brian/0000-0002-3435-8268 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR014304]; NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB002035] NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 814407 DI 10.1117/12.895765 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600007 PM 23420688 ER PT S AU Smalyuk, VA Ayers, J Bell, PM Bourgade, JL Bradley, DK Celeste, J Cerjan, C Darbon, S Emig, J Felker, B Hagmann, C Holder, J Izumi, N Kilkenny, JD Moody, J Piston, K Rousseau, A Sorce, C Tommasini, R AF Smalyuk, V. A. Ayers, J. Bell, P. M. Bourgade, J. -L. Bradley, D. K. Celeste, J. Cerjan, C. Darbon, S. Emig, J. Felker, B. Hagmann, C. Holder, J. Izumi, N. Kilkenny, J. D. Moody, J. Piston, K. Rousseau, A. Sorce, C. Tommasini, R. BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI X-ray imaging in an environment with high-neutron background on National Ignition Facility SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE x-ray imaging; neutron-induced backgrounds ID FRAMING CAMERAS; REGION AB X-ray imaging instruments will operate in a harsh ionizing radiation background environment on implosion experiments at the National Ignition Facility. These backgrounds consist of mostly neutrons and gamma rays produced by inelastic scattering of neutrons. Imaging systems based on x-ray framing cameras with film and CCD's have been designed to operate in such harsh neutron-induced background environments. Some imaging components were placed inside a shielded enclosure that reduced exposures to neutrons and gamma rays. Modeling of the signal and noise of the x-ray imaging system is presented. C1 [Smalyuk, V. A.; Ayers, J.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Celeste, J.; Cerjan, C.; Emig, J.; Felker, B.; Hagmann, C.; Holder, J.; Izumi, N.; Moody, J.; Piston, K.; Sorce, C.; Tommasini, R.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Smalyuk, VA (reprint author), LLNL, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 81440N DI 10.1117/12.894200 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600017 ER PT S AU Stange, S Esch, EI Burgett, EA Del Sesto, RE Muenchausen, RE Taw, FL Tovesson, FK AF Stange, Sy Esch, Ernst I. Burgett, Eric A. Del Sesto, Rico E. Muenchausen, Ross E. Taw, Felicia L. Tovesson, Fredrik K. BE Grim, GP Schirato, RC TI A fissionable scintillator for neutron flux monitoring SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications XII CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE neutron flux; nanocomposite; liquid scintillator; fission detector; thorium nitrate AB Neutron flux from linear accelerators is conventionally monitored using ionization chambers containing one or more foils thinly coated with a fissionable or fissile material. Due to the long pulse rise times resulting from the ionization mechanism, fission chambers are prone to pulse pile-up in high-neutron-flux environments. In addition, their relatively low efficiencies result in extremely long counting times in low-flux environments. To ameliorate these effects, a novel type of neutron flux monitor, consisting of fissionable material loaded in a liquid scintillator, has been developed, characterized, and tested in the beam line at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. This is a rugged, cost-efficient detector with high efficiency, a short signal rise time, and the ability to be used in low neutron-flux environments. Compared with a conventional fission chamber, the fissionable scintillator displays a significantly higher event rate. Related research on nanocomposite scintillators for gamma-ray detection suggests the possibility of extending this approach by synthesizing fissionable material nanoparticles and loading them into an organic scintillator. We will present results of the design and characterization process and an analysis of the results of the beam line experiments. C1 [Stange, Sy; Esch, Ernst I.; Del Sesto, Rico E.; Muenchausen, Ross E.; Taw, Felicia L.; Tovesson, Fredrik K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stange, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Esch, Ernst/0000-0002-5179-0415; Taw, Felicia/0000-0001-6993-2891 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8754-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8144 AR 814403 DI 10.1117/12.894708 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BBA28 UT WOS:000306289600003 ER PT S AU Deline, CA del Cueto, JA Albin, DS Rummel, SR AF Deline, Chris A. del Cueto, Joseph A. Albin, David S. Rummel, Steve R. BE Dhere, NG Wohlgemuth, JH Lynn, KW TI Metastable electrical characteristics of polycrystalline thin-film photovoltaic modules upon exposure and stabilization SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components and Systems IV CY AUG 22-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Thin film; Photovoltaic; Transients; Metastability; CdTe; CIGS; IEC 61646 ID SOLAR-CELLS; METASTABILITIES AB The significant features of a series of stabilization experiments conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) between May 2009 and the present are reported. These experiments evaluated a procedure to stabilize the measured performance of thin-film polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of CdTe and CIGS thin-film PV devices and modules exhibit transitory changes in electrical performance after thermal exposure in the dark and/or bias and light exposures. We present the results of our case studies of module performance versus exposure: light-soaked at 65 degrees C; exposed in the dark under forward bias at 65 inverted perpendicular C; and, finally, longer-term outdoor exposure. We find that stabilization can be achieved to varying degrees using either light-soaking or dark bias methods and that the existing IEC 61646 light-soaking interval may be appropriate for CdTe and CIGS modules with one caveat: it is likely that at least three exposure intervals are required for stabilization. C1 [Deline, Chris A.; del Cueto, Joseph A.; Albin, David S.; Rummel, Steve R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Deline, CA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM chris.deline@nrel.gov; jdelcueto@abound.com RI Deline, Christopher/K-5998-2013 OI Deline, Christopher/0000-0002-9867-8930 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8722-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8112 AR 81120T DI 10.1117/12.893813 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BBA29 UT WOS:000306290300027 ER PT S AU Graham, RL Clark, LA Albin, DS AF Graham, Rebekah L. Clark, Laura A. Albin, David S. BE Dhere, NG Wohlgemuth, JH Lynn, KW TI A novel approach for correlating capacitance data with performance during thin-film device stress studies SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components and Systems IV CY AUG 22-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE chemometrics; CdTe solar cell; durability; reliability; efficiency; capacitance-voltage measurement; data mining; algorithm ID CDTE SOLAR-CELLS; STABILITY AB A new data mining algorithm was developed to identify the strongest correlations between capacitance data (measured between -1.5 V and +0.49 V) and first(-) and second-level performance metrics (efficiency [eta%], open-circuit voltage [V-OC], short-circuit current density [J(SC)], and fill-factor [FF]) during the stress testing of voltage-stabilized CdS/CdTe devices. When considering only correlations between first- and second-level metrics, 96.5% of the observed variation in eta% was attributed to FF. The overall decrease in V-OC after 1,000 hours of open-circuit, light-soak stress at 60 degrees C was about -1.5%. The most consistent correlation identified by the algorithm in this particular experiment between FF and third-level metric capacitance data during stress testing was between FF and hysteresis in the apparent CdTe acceptor density (N-a) between reverse and forward voltages scans, as determined in forward voltage bias. Since the contribution of back-contact capacitance to total capacitance increases with increasing positive voltage, this result suggests that degradation in FF was associated with decreases in N-a hysteresis near the CdTe/back contact interface. C1 [Graham, Rebekah L.; Albin, David S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Graham, RL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Rebekah.graham@nrel.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8722-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8112 AR 81120V DI 10.1117/12.896648 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BBA29 UT WOS:000306290300028 ER PT S AU Pern, FJJ Noufi, R AF Pern, F. J. John Noufi, Rommel BE Dhere, NG Wohlgemuth, JH Lynn, KW TI CHARACTERIZATION of damp-heat degradation of CuInGaSe2 solar cell components and devices by (electrochemical) impedance spectroscopy SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components and Systems IV CY AUG 22-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE (electrochemical) impedance spectroscopy (ECIS); damp heat degradation; CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) solar cell; AlNi contact grid; Al-doped ZnO; Mo base electrode; conducting silver paste AB This work evaluated the capability of (electrochemical) impedance spectroscopy (IS, or ECIS as used here) to monitor damp heat (DH) stability of contact materials, CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) solar cell components, and devices. Cell characteristics and its variation of the CIGS devices were also examined by the ECIS. Bare and encapsulated sample sets were separately prepared and exposed in an environmental chamber at 85 degrees C and 85% relative humidity (RH). The ECIS results from bare samples tested within 50-100 h of DH exposure allowed the determination of the use of a conducting Ag paste and a low-melting-point solder alloy for making a DH-stable external connection with Au wires. Bare Mo and AlNi grid degraded (corroded) rapidly while Ni was DH-stable. The moisture-dampened Al-doped ZnO (AZO) and bilayer ZnO (BZO) likely underwent hydrolytic "capacitor-forming" reaction by DH, resulting in "transient" behavior of very high resistance in ECIS that was not detected by four-point probe. Using an encapsulation test structure that allowed moisture ingress control, DH-induced degradation (resistance increase) rates of BZO on glass decreased from 0.21 ohm/h using a moisture-permeable Tedlar/Polyester/Tedlar (TPT) backsheet to 1.0 x 10(-3) ohm/h using a moisture barrier FG-200 film, while Mo on glass did not exhibit the same conducting degradation and corrosion as the bare samples after over 1270 h DH exposure. CIGS solar cells encapsulated with a TPT backsheet degraded irregularly over 774 h DH exposure. Key resistance and capacitance parameters extracted by curve fitting of impedance data clearly showed the variation and impact of DH exposure on cell characteristics. Profound "depression" or shorting of the "p-n junction capacitor" by DH was evident. ECIS results are shown to correlate reasonably well with the solar cells' current-voltage (I-V) degrading trends. Furthermore, ECIS analysis was capable of differentiating cell degradation due to "junction capacitor" shorting, damage or breakdown from that due to electrical conduction failure on AlNi/BZO layers. C1 [Pern, F. J. John; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Pern, FJJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8722-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8112 AR 81120S DI 10.1117/12.895918 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BBA29 UT WOS:000306290300026 ER PT S AU von Roedern, B AF von Roedern, Bolko BE Dhere, NG Wohlgemuth, JH Lynn, KW TI Which Factors need to be Improved for Array Models to Correctly Predict "Real-World" Performance? SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components and Systems IV CY AUG 22-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE AB This paper poses the question how statistically varying data should be handled by models and how the output is sometimes interpreted by human preference? It asks the question whether modeled data or real-world data are of greater importance and when there are discrepancies between model and experiment. This question is asked in the context of what is more important, having a model that correctly predicts real-world energy generation or cost of a PV array or the "typical" generation or cost for such array? Real-world performance can only be predicted within some uncertainty level. Are good average or individual values obtained when the real-world energy output or cost of a single system are predicted ? Two or more input factors into a single output will also often lead to increased variation. The point is made that greater accuracy of modeled and experimental data may or may not result in deeper insight into the generation capability of a solar array. The answer to the question posed in the title of this contribution is: Be as accurate as possible, but always expect variation in both the calculated and experimental results and be cognizant of the difference between typical and actual values. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP von Roedern, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8722-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8112 AR 811205 DI 10.1117/12.897191 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BBA29 UT WOS:000306290300005 ER PT S AU Wohlgemuth, J Kempe, M Miller, D Kurtz, S AF Wohlgemuth, John Kempe, Michael Miller, David Kurtz, Sarah BE Dhere, NG Wohlgemuth, JH Lynn, KW TI Developing Standards for PV Packaging Materials SO RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, MODULES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reliability of Photovoltaic Cells, Modules, Components and Systems IV CY AUG 22-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Photovoltaic Modules; PV Standards; Module Materials AB The initial qualification standards for photovoltaic modules were designed to help develop a product that is safe, and able to survive reasonably long time periods when deployed in the field. To accomplish this, TC-82 of the International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC), developed and published module qualification standards (IEC 61215 for crystalline Si, IEC 61646 for thin films and IEC 62108 for concentrating modules) and a module safety standard (IEC 61730 -1 and 2). As PV has developed and the technology has become better understood, the properties of materials used in the module package play an increasingly important part in achieving long-term durability and safety. Certain basic properties are required of the materials in order for the modules to be safe and to be able to survive in the field for 25 years or more. Therefore Working Group 2 (Modules) of TC-82 began work to develop new material-level standards for PV that will utilize existing standards, whenever available, but tailored for characterizing the properties that are important for PV modules and modified to take into account the environmental conditions specific to PV applications. The goal is to provide a uniform approach to characterizing candidate materials, providing the necessary information to designers selecting materials for use in their PV products as well as to certification bodies assessing the quality and safety of the products made from these materials. This paper will describe the details of the effort underway to determine what PV material standards are necessary and the progress on developing those standards. C1 [Wohlgemuth, John; Kempe, Michael; Miller, David; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wohlgemuth, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8722-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8112 AR 81120A DI 10.1117/12.892794 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BBA29 UT WOS:000306290300010 ER PT S AU Naus, DJ AF Naus, D. J. BE LHostis, V Philipose, K Gens, R Galle, C TI Overview of activities in the US related to continued service of nuclear power plant concrete structures SO AMP 2010 - INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON AGEING MANAGEMENT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND WASTE DISPOSAL STRUCTURES (EFC EVENT 334) SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Ageing Management of Nuclear Power Plants and Waste Disposal Structures (AMP) CY NOV 07-10, 2010 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Atom Energy Canada Ltd (AECL), Commissariat Energie Atomique & Energies Alternat (CEA) ID RELIABILITY AB Safety-related nuclear power plant concrete structures are described and commentary on continued service assessments of these structures is provided. In-service inspection and testing requirements in the U.S. are summarized. The license renewal process in the U.S. is outlined and its current status noted. A summary of operating experience related to U.S. nuclear power plant concrete structures is presented. Several candidate areas are identified where additional research would be of benefit to aging management of NPP concrete structures. Finally current ORNL activities related to aging-management of concrete structures are outlined: development of operating experience database, application of structural reliability theory, and compilation of elevated temperature concrete material property data and information. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Naus, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nausdj@ornl.gov NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 12 AR 01001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111201001 PG 19 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BAX16 UT WOS:000305915300001 ER PT S AU Koch, V Bzdak, A Liao, JF AF Koch, Volker Bzdak, Adam Liao, Jinfeng BE Biro, TS Barnafoldi, GG TI Facets of the QCD Phase-Diagram SO HCBM 2010 - INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON HOT AND COLD BARYONIC MATTER SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Hot and Cold Baryonic Matter (HCBM) CY AUG 15-20, 2010 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR (HIC FAIR), Landes-Offens Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-okonomischer Exzellenz (LOEWE), European Phys Journal, HAS, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys (KFKI RMKI) AB In this contribution we will discuss two aspects of the matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. First we will attempt to define a universal measure for the fluidity of a substance, which will allow a correct comparison between the fluidity of a Quark Gluon Plasma and any well known substance. Second we will discuss current measurements of particle correlations and their implication for possible local parity violation. C1 [Koch, Volker; Bzdak, Adam] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liao, Jinfeng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11796 USA. RP Koch, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vkoch@lbl.gov; ABzdak@lbl.gov; JLiao@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N202 125437] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Division of Nuclear Physics, and by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Nuclear Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 and Contract No. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 as well as by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant No. N202 125437. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 13 AR 02001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111302001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BAX14 UT WOS:000305911800003 ER PT S AU Dameron, A Christensen, S Galante, M Berry, J Gillaspie, D Perkins, J Ginley, D Gennett, T AF Dameron, Arrelaine Christensen, Steven Galante, Marie Berry, Joseph Gillaspie, Dane Perkins, John Ginley, David Gennett, Thomas BE Eldada, LA TI Conductive Conformal Thin Film Coatings for Textured PV, ALD versus Sputtering SO THIN FILM SOLAR TECHNOLOGY III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thin Film Solar Technology III/SPIE Solar Energy + Technology symposium CY AUG 21-22, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Transparent conductive oxides; magnetron sputtering; Atomic layer deposition; conformal coatings AB Next-generation photovoltaic structures require well-established deposition routes to conformal and conducting materials with defined chemical, physical and electronic composition. This work reports on the preliminary findings associated with conformal metal oxides on structured substrates including: 1) Discovery of sputtering process conditions that can be made semi-conformal when combined with in-situ techniques such as ion-beam milling for honing surface structures; 2) Development of relevant ALD chemistries that are materials-properties competitive with sputtered materials; 3) Evaluation of chemically-functionalized surface structures that maximize surface area but are structurally tailored for efficient gas flow and to minimize line-of-sight shadowing. The initial experiments have centered on combinations of amorphous and crystalline indium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium tin oxide, fluorinated tin oxide and indium zinc oxide. This presentation will describe these initial experiments and elucidate key physiochemical nature of the deposited thin films. C1 [Dameron, Arrelaine; Christensen, Steven; Galante, Marie; Berry, Joseph; Gillaspie, Dane; Perkins, John; Ginley, David; Gennett, Thomas] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dameron, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-819-48720-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8110 AR 81100M DI 10.1117/12.894272 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BBA40 UT WOS:000306294100012 ER PT S AU Hersh, PA Curtis, CJ van Hest, MFAM Habas, SE Miedaner, A Ginley, DS Stanbery, BJ AF Hersh, Peter A. Curtis, Calvin J. van Hest, Maikel F. A. M. Habas, Susan E. Miedaner, Alexander Ginley, David S. Stanbery, Billy J. BE Eldada, LA TI Solution-based precursors in conjunction with rapid optical processing for high-quality hybrid CIGS SO THIN FILM SOLAR TECHNOLOGY III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thin Film Solar Technology III/SPIE Solar Energy + Technology Symposium CY AUG 21-22, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE AB HelioVolt Corporation is currently developing Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) products using a solution-based deposition of precursor films followed by rapid optical processing (ROP) to make CIGS. The ROP process takes less than 1 minute of heating to convert the precursor stack to CIGS. Device made with ROP rival performance of device processed using field assisted simultaneous synthesis and transfer (FASST(R)) processing. C1 [Hersh, Peter A.; Stanbery, Billy J.] HelioVolt Corp, 6301-8 E Stassney Lane, Austin, TX 78744 USA. [Curtis, Calvin J.; van Hest, Maikel F. A. M.; Habas, Susan E.; Miedaner, Alexander; Ginley, David S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Hersh, PA (reprint author), HelioVolt Corp, 6301-8 E Stassney Lane, Austin, TX 78744 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-819-48720-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8110 AR 811007 DI 10.1117/12.890217 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BBA40 UT WOS:000306294100002 ER PT S AU Alcorta, M Rehm, KE Back, BB Bedoor, S Bertone, PF Deibel, CM DiGiovine, B Esbensen, H Greene, JP Hoffman, CR Jiang, CL Lighthall, JC Marley, ST Pardo, RC Paul, M Rogers, AM Ugalde, C Wuosmaa, AH AF Alcorta, M. Rehm, K. E. Back, B. B. Bedoor, S. Bertone, P. F. Deibel, C. M. DiGiovine, B. Esbensen, H. Greene, J. P. Hoffman, C. R. Jiang, C. L. Lighthall, J. C. Marley, S. T. Pardo, R. C. Paul, M. Rogers, A. M. Ugalde, C. Wuosmaa, A. H. BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Fusion reactions with the one-neutron halo nucleus C-15 SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE ID INTERACTION CROSS-SECTIONS; RADIOACTIVE ION-BEAMS; COULOMB BARRIER; ENERGIES; FISSION; BREAKUP; REGION; RADII AB We have for the first time studied the fusion-fission excitation functions for the systems C-14,C-15 + Th-232 at energies in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier. At energies below the barrier, the fusion cross section of the halo nucleus C-15 showed an enhancement by a factor of 2-5, while the fusion cross section for C-14 shows a similar trend to that of C-12,C-13. C1 [Alcorta, M.; Rehm, K. E.; Back, B. B.; Bertone, P. F.; Deibel, C. M.; DiGiovine, B.; Esbensen, H.; Greene, J. P.; Hoffman, C. R.; Jiang, C. L.; Lighthall, J. C.; Marley, S. T.; Pardo, R. C.; Rogers, A. M.; Ugalde, C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Alcorta, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM malcorta@anl.gov RI Alcorta, Martin/G-7107-2011 OI Alcorta, Martin/0000-0002-6217-5004 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 13003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111713003 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100058 ER PT S AU Back, BB AF Back, B. B. CA Helios Collaboration BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Recent results from HELIOS SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE ID STATES; BEAMS; CORE AB Transfer and inelastic scattering reactions using light-ion beams and stable or long-lived targets have traditionally provided detailed information on the structure of nuclei near the line of beta stability. Such studies can now be extended to nuclei away from the line of beta-stability as radioactive beams are becoming available at a number of facilities around the world, including the CARIBU facility at Argonne. These measurements must, however, be carried out in inverse kinematics, resulting in a loss of the effective experimental resolution when conventional detection schemes are employed. The HELIOS spectrometer is based on a new concept, that is especially well suited for such studies by reducing the resolution problem, providing simple particle identification, and giving high detection efficiency with moderate Si detector area. In this talk, the HELIOS concept and results from the first series of experiments will be presented. C1 [Back, B. B.; Helios Collaboration] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM back@anl.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 14001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111714001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100061 ER PT S AU Jiang, CL AF Jiang, C. L. BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Heavy-ion fusion hindrance in systems with positive Q value SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE ID ACCRETING NEUTRON-STAR; CROSS-SECTION; ENERGIES; C-13&C-13; NUCLEI AB The detailed behavior of the newly observed heavy-ion fusion hindrance for systems with positive Q value is not yet known well. Does an S factor maximum occur also for these systems at very low energies? This is still an open question and is discussed in this presentation of the experimental activities. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jiang, CL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jiang@phy.anl.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 01002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111701002 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100002 ER PT S AU Liang, JF AF Liang, J. F. BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Studies of ear-barrier fusion induced by neutron-rich nuclei at HRIBF SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE ID EVEN-EVEN NUCLIDES; COULOMB BARRIER; CROSS-SECTIONS; HEAVY; PROBABILITY; COUPLINGS AB Fusion induced by neutron-rich radioactive beams is a topic of current interest. The findings will be useful for using radioactive beams to produce superheavy elements. Results from recent measurements performed with neutron-rich radioactive Sn and Te beams are presented. Coupled-channels calculations were carried out to study the observed sub-barrier fusion enhancement. The fusion probability in Sn on Ni was probed by comparing the evaporation residue cross sections at high excitation energies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liang, JF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM liangjf@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 02002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111702002 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100006 ER PT S AU Scarlassara, F Montagnoli, G Fioretto, E Jiang, CL Stefanini, AM Corradi, L Back, BB Patel, N Rehm, KE Sewerinyak, D Singh, PP Tang, XD Deibel, CM Di Giovine, B Greene, JP Henderson, HD Notani, M Marley, ST Zhu, S AF Scarlassara, F. Montagnoli, G. Fioretto, E. Jiang, C. -L. Stefanini, A. M. Corradi, L. Back, B. B. Patel, N. Rehm, K. E. Sewerinyak, D. Singh, Pushpendra P. Tang, X. D. Deibel, C. M. Di Giovine, B. Greene, J. P. Henderson, H. D. Notani, M. Marley, S. T. Zhu, S. BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Fusion of Ni-60+Mo-100 below barrier. SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE AB The fusion cross section of Ni-60 + Mo-100 has been measured down to microbarn level, looking for hindrance at low energy, in a system with positive Q-values for neutron transfer. The measured cross sections look similar to those of the nearby Ni-64 + Mo-100, but no conclusive statement can be made at this stage, as to the onset of hindrance in this system. C1 [Scarlassara, F.; Montagnoli, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-36131 Padua, Italy. [Scarlassara, F.; Montagnoli, G.] Univ Padua, INFN, Sezione Padova, I-36131 Padua, Italy. [Fioretto, E.; Stefanini, A. M.; Corradi, L.] Univ Padua, INFN, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-36131 Padua, Italy. [Jiang, C. -L.; Back, B. B.; Patel, N.; Rehm, K. E.; Sewerinyak, D.; Tang, X. D.; Deibel, C. M.; Di Giovine, B.; Greene, J. P.; Henderson, H. D.; Marley, S. T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Notani, M.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl, Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Deibel, C. M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Marley, S. T.] Western Michigan Univ, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Patel, N.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Scarlassara, F (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-36131 Padua, Italy. OI Scarlassara, Fernando/0000-0002-4663-8216 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 05002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111705002 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100020 ER PT S AU Tang, X Fang, X Bucher, B Esbensen, H Jiang, CL Rehm, KE Lin, CJ AF Tang, X. Fang, X. Bucher, B. Esbensen, H. Jiang, C. L. Rehm, K. E. Lin, C. J. BE Schmitt, CH Navin, A Rejmund, M Lacroix, D Goutte, H TI Upper Limit on the molecular resonance strengths in the C-12+C-12 fusion reaction SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FUSION11 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on FUSION11 CY MAY 02-06, 2011 CL St Malo, FRANCE ID ENERGIES AB Carbon burning is a crucial process for a number of important astrophysical scenarios. The lowest measured energy is around E-c.m.=2.1 MeV, only partially overlapping with the energy range of astrophysical interest. The currently adopted reaction rates are based on an extrapolation which is highly uncertain because of potential resonances existing in the unmeasured energy range and the complication of the effective nuclear potential. By comparing the cross sections of the three carbon isotope fusion reactions, C-12+C-12, C-12+C-13 and C-13+C-13, we have established an upper limit on the molecular resonance strengths in C-12+C-12 fusion reaction. The preliminary results are presented and the impact on nuclear astrophysics is discussed. C1 [Tang, X.; Fang, X.; Bucher, B.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Esbensen, H.; Jiang, C. L.; Rehm, K. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lin, C. J.] China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China. RP Tang, X (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM xtang1@nd.edu RI Tang, Xiaodong /F-4891-2016 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2011 VL 17 AR 16016 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20111716016 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BAX19 UT WOS:000305937100081 ER PT S AU Elam, JW Libera, JA Hryn, JN AF Elam, J. W. Libera, J. A. Hryn, J. N. BE Elam, JW Londergan, A VanDerStraten, O Roozeboom, F DeGendt, S Bent, SF Delabie, A TI Indium Oxide ALD using Cyclopentadienyl Indium and Mixtures of H2O and O-2 SO ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION APPLICATIONS 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Atomic Layer Deposition Applications/220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 10-12, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Air Liquide, Appl Mat, Cambridge NanoTech, Gelest, Tokyo Electron, Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; TIN AB This study describes how In2O3 films can be prepared by ALD using alternating exposures to cyclopentadienyl indium (InCp) and combinations of H2O and O-2, even though H2O and O-2 are ineffective when used individually. When H2O and O-2 are used together, either as a simultaneous exposure or in the sequence H2O-O-2 or O-2-H2O, very uniform, highly conducting In2O3 films are deposited at 1.0-1.6 angstrom/cycle over large areas (12"x18") at temperatures as low as 100 degrees C. In agreement with our published mechanism, in-situ Fourier transform infrared measurements revealed that the H2O and O-2 work synergistically to facilitate the In2O3 ALD. Ex-situ measurements on films prepared over the deposition temperature range 100-250 degrees C identified a remarkable correlation between the film structure and electrical properties around an amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition near 140 degrees C. C1 [Elam, J. W.; Libera, J. A.; Hryn, J. N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Elam, JW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-256-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 2 BP 147 EP 155 DI 10.1149/1.3633663 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Physics GA BAX20 UT WOS:000305937200015 ER PT S AU Yanguas-Gil, A Elam, JW AF Yanguas-Gil, A. Elam, J. W. BE Elam, JW Londergan, A VanDerStraten, O Roozeboom, F DeGendt, S Bent, SF Delabie, A TI Diffusion-Reaction Model of ALD in Nanostructured Substrates: Analytic Approximations to Dose Times as a Function of the Surface Reaction Probability SO ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION APPLICATIONS 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Atomic Layer Deposition Applications/220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 10-12, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Air Liquide, Appl Mat, Cambridge NanoTech, Gelest, Tokyo Electron, Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; CONFORMALITY AB We have developed a transport model for Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) in nanostructured substrates. The model comprises a non-linear advection-diffusion-reaction equation coupled to a surface kinetic equation that incorporates the self-limiting nature of ALD. In their nondimensional forms, these equations show that coverage dynamics in ALD depend only on two parameters: the Damkoeler number and the precursor excess number. These parameters depend on the surface chemistry and experimental conditions and can be readily calculated for a wide range of substrate geometries including trenches and vias, anodized alumina, and powders. C1 [Yanguas-Gil, A.; Elam, J. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yanguas-Gil, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Yanguas-Gil, Angel/G-9630-2011 OI Yanguas-Gil, Angel/0000-0001-8207-3825 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-256-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 2 BP 169 EP 174 DI 10.1149/1.3633665 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Physics GA BAX20 UT WOS:000305937200017 ER PT S AU Proslier, T Klug, JA Becker, NC Elam, JW Pellin, MJ AF Proslier, Th. Klug, J. A. Becker, N. C. Elam, J. W. Pellin, M. J. BE Elam, JW Londergan, A VanDerStraten, O Roozeboom, F DeGendt, S Bent, SF Delabie, A TI Atomic Layer Deposition of Superconductors SO ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION APPLICATIONS 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Atomic Layer Deposition Applications/220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 10-12, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Air Liquide, Appl Mat, Cambridge NanoTech, Gelest, Tokyo Electron, Dielect Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon ID FILMS AB We report the use of atomic layer deposition (ALD) to synthesize thin superconducting films and multilayer superconductor-insulator (S-I) hetero-structures. ALD applied to superconducting films opens the way for a variety of applications, including improving the performance and decreasing the cost of high energy particle accelerators, superconducting wires for energy storage, and bolometers for radiation detection. Furthermore, the atomic-scale thickness control afforded by ALD enables the study of superconductivity and associated phenomena in homogeneous layers in the ultra-thin film limit. Two-dimensional superconductivity in such films is of interest from a fundamental point of view, as a new effect has recently been discovered at ultra-low temperature in thin superconducting films made by ALD: the super-insulating transition. The discovery of a new state with apparently infinite resistivity in ultra-thin ALD films offers both a platform to explore new physics as well as the promise, on a longer term, of new opportunities for loss electronics and detectors. C1 [Proslier, Th.; Klug, J. A.; Becker, N. C.; Pellin, M. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Proslier, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; Klug, Jeffrey/A-3653-2013 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-256-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 41 IS 2 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1149/1.3633673 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Physics GA BAX20 UT WOS:000305937200025 ER PT S AU Rosenberg, RA AF Rosenberg, Richard A. BE Naaman, R Beratan, DN Waldeck, DH TI Spin-Polarized Electron Induced Asymmetric Reactions in Chiral Molecules SO ELECTRONIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF CHIRAL MOLECULES AND SUPRAMOLECULAR ARCHITECTURES SE Topics in Current Chemistry LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Asymmetry; Chemistry; Chirality; Enatiomeric excess; Spin-polarized electrons ID OPTICALLY-ACTIVE MOLECULES; MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; EXCITED SECONDARY ELECTRONS; SCATTERING CROSS-SECTION; INTERSTELLAR ICE ANALOGS; DL-LEUCINE; AMINO-ACIDS; BETA-DECAY; CORE-LEVEL; BIOMOLECULAR HOMOCHIRALITY AB Understanding the origin of chirality in nature has been an active area of research since the time of Pasteur. In this chapter we examine one possible route by which this asymmetry could have arisen, namely chiral-specific chemistry induced by spin-polarized electrons. The various sources of spin-polarized electrons (parity violation, photoemission, and secondary processes) are discussed. Experiments aimed at exploring these interactions are reviewed starting with those based on the Vester-Ulbricht hypothesis through recent studies of spin polarized secondary electrons from a magnetic substrate. We will conclude with a discussion of possible new avenues of research that could impact this area. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rosenberg, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rar@aps.anl.gov NR 132 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0340-1022 BN 978-3-642-18104-7 J9 TOP CURR CHEM JI Top. Curr. Chem. PY 2011 VL 298 BP 279 EP 306 DI 10.1007/128_2010_81 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-18104-7 PG 28 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BAY93 UT WOS:000306129900009 PM 21321806 ER PT S AU Wang, GT Li, QM Huang, JY Wierer, J Armstrong, A Lin, Y Upadhya, P Prasankumar, R AF Wang, George T. Li, Qiming Huang, Jianyu Wierer, Jonathan Armstrong, Andrew Lin, Yong Upadhya, Prashanth Prasankumar, Rohit BE Bardwell, JA Hunter, GW Stokes, EB Caldwell, JD Mi, Z Wetzel, C TI III-Nitride Nanowires: Emerging Materials for Lighting and Energy Applications SO WIDE BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES 12 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 219th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS)/Symposium on Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices 12 CY MAY 01-06, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Elect & Photon, Sensor ID GAN-NANOWIRES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; WAVELENGTH; SAPPHIRE; GROWTH AB The aligned growth of III-nitride nanowires, along with results providing insights into the nanowire properties obtained using electrical, optical and structural characterization techniques, are discussed. A new "top-down" approach for fabricating ordered arrays of high quality GaN-based nanorods with controllable height, pitch and diameter is also presented, along with results from preliminary LEDs grown on these nanorod arrays. Additionally, a novel application of aligned nanowire arrays as strain-relief templates for the growth of high quality GaN is demonstrated. C1 [Wang, George T.; Li, Qiming; Huang, Jianyu; Wierer, Jonathan; Armstrong, Andrew; Lin, Yong] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wang, GT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gtwang@sandia.gov RI Wierer, Jonathan/G-1594-2013 OI Wierer, Jonathan/0000-0001-6971-4835 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-217-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2011 VL 35 IS 6 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1149/1.3570840 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BAX18 UT WOS:000305936300001 ER PT J AU Bush, M Lyumkis, D Tsutakawa, S Tainer, JA Potter, CS Putnam, CD Shiau, AK Carragher, B Desai, A Oegema, K AF Bush, M. Lyumkis, D. Tsutakawa, S. Tainer, J. A. Potter, C. S. Putnam, C. D. Shiau, A. K. Carragher, B. Desai, A. Oegema, K. TI SAS-6 dimers adopt a folded conformation required for centriole assembly. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Bush, M.; Putnam, C. D.; Shiau, A. K.; Desai, A.; Oegema, K.] Univ Calif San Diego, LICR, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lyumkis, D.; Potter, C. S.; Carragher, B.] Scripps Res Inst, Natl Resource Automated Mol Microscopy, La Jolla, CA USA. [Lyumkis, D.; Potter, C. S.; Carragher, B.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA USA. [Tsutakawa, S.; Tainer, J. A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 884 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505502002 ER PT J AU Cakmak, G Miller, LM Severcan, M Zorlu, F Severcan, F AF Cakmak, G. Miller, L. M. Severcan, M. Zorlu, F. Severcan, F. TI Monitoring of Radioprotective Effects of Amifostine on Rat Liver Microsomal Membrane and Brain Tissue Lipids by FTIR Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Cakmak, G.; Severcan, F.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Miller, L. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Severcan, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Zorlu, F.] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 467 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505501020 ER PT J AU Elgin, SC Riddle, NC Gu, T Jung, YL AF Elgin, S. C. Riddle, N. C. Gu, T. Jung, Y. L. CA modENCODE Drosophila Chromatin TI The Unusual Features of Active Genes on Drosophila melanogaster Chromosome Four: Reinterpreting the Roles of Chromatin Modifications SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Elgin, S. C.; Riddle, N. C.; Gu, T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jung, Y. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1107 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505502222 ER PT J AU Gabanyi, M Westbrook, J Micallef, D Tao, YP Shah, R McLaughlin, W Schwede, T Adams, P Minor, W Berman, H AF Gabanyi, M. Westbrook, J. Micallef, D. Tao, Y-P. Shah, R. McLaughlin, W. Schwede, T. Adams, P. Minor, W. Berman, H. TI Enabling Biology with the Structural Biology Knowledgebase. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Gabanyi, M.; Westbrook, J.; Micallef, D.; Tao, Y-P.; Shah, R.; Berman, H.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [McLaughlin, W.] Commonwealth Med Coll, Scranton, PA USA. [Schwede, T.] Univ Basel, Swiss Inst Bioinformat, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Adams, P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Minor, W.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RI Schwede, Torsten/A-4650-2008; Minor, Wladek/F-3096-2014 OI Schwede, Torsten/0000-0003-2715-335X; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 2215/L124 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505504247 ER PT J AU Greene, AC Lord, SJ Lee, IJ Groves, JT AF Greene, A. C. Lord, S. J. Lee, I. J. Groves, J. T. TI Determining if spatio-mechanosensitivity of EphA2 signaling stems from physical impedance of endocytosis. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Greene, A. C.; Lee, I. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greene, A. C.; Lord, S. J.; Lee, I. J.; Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA USA. [Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1804 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505503385 ER PT J AU Lander, GC Wiedenheft, B Zhou, K Jore, MM Brouns, SJ van der Oost, J Doudna, JA Nogales, E AF Lander, G. C. Wiedenheft, B. Zhou, K. Jore, M. M. Brouns, S. J. van der Oost, J. Doudna, J. A. Nogales, E. TI Structures of the RNA-guided surveillance complex from a bacterial immune system. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Lander, G. C.; Nogales, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jore, M. M.; Brouns, S. J.; van der Oost, J.] Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1965 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505503544 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Wilson, B Oliver, J Singh, A AF Liu, Y. Wilson, B. Oliver, J. Singh, A. TI Spatio-temporal profiling of IgE receptor-mediated pathway using an integrated microfluidic platform SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Liu, Y.; Singh, A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Wilson, B.; Oliver, J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1936 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505503516 ER PT J AU Mroue, R Bissell, M AF Mroue, R. Bissell, M. TI Asymmetric Expression/Distribution of Connexins is Essential for Contractile Function in the Mammary Gland SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Mroue, R.; Bissell, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mroue, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 373 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505500372 ER PT J AU Stone, EM Nunes, NL Brady, SA Morgado, S AF Stone, E. M. Nunes, N. L. Brady, S. A. Morgado, S. TI Measuring Outcomes of Summer Research Experiences for Future Science & Math Teachers SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Brady, S. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Sci & Engn Educ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Morgado, S.] Mare Isl Technol Acad, Vallejo, CA USA. [Stone, E. M.; Nunes, N. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Cal Teach, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1007 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505502124 ER PT J AU Tanner, K Bissell, M AF Tanner, K. Bissell, M. TI Angular morphomechanics in the establishment of multicellular architecture SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Tanner, K.; Bissell, M.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 183 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505500183 ER PT J AU Vahey, MD Good, MC Skandarajah, A Stachowiak, JC Heald, R Fletcher, DA AF Vahey, M. D. Good, M. C. Skandarajah, A. Stachowiak, J. C. Heald, R. Fletcher, D. A. TI Encapsulation of functional cytoplasmic extract within giant unilamellar vesicles SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Cell Biol (ASCB) C1 [Vahey, M. D.; Good, M. C.; Skandarajah, A.; Heald, R.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stachowiak, J. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2011 VL 22 MA 1921 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 961YM UT WOS:000305505503501 ER PT S AU Georgievskii, Y Klippenstein, SJ AF Georgievskii, Yuri Klippenstein, Stephen J. BE Cernicharo, J Bachiller, R TI Long-Range Interaction Potential of Open Shell Atoms with Neutral Molecules : Application to the Calculation of the Rate Constant for the C2H((2)Sigma(+))+O(P-3) Reaction SO MOLECULAR UNIVERSE SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 280th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2011 CL Toledo, SPAIN SP Int Astronom Union, Minist Ciencia & Technologia, Consejo Superior Investigac Cientificas, Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeoroespacial, Inst Geograf Nacl, Univ Castilla Mancha ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY AB An accurate knowledge of the long-range interaction potential for the ground and first few excited electronic states is needed for quantitative prediction of the rate coefficients for astrochemical reactions at low temperatures. Some reactions important for astrochemical modeling include an open-shell atom as one of the fragments. Due to the interplay between the spin-orbit and quadrupole interactions such reactions require a special treatment. In this paper we derive the general expressions for the energy levels for such systems, apply them to the C2H((2)Sigma(+)) + O(P-3) reaction, and compare the results with ab initio calculations. C1 [Georgievskii, Yuri; Klippenstein, Stephen J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Georgievskii, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sjk@anl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-1-107-01980-5 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 280 BP 372 EP 382 DI 10.1017/S1743921311025129 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAT30 UT WOS:000305449300032 ER PT S AU Abercrombie, RK Udoeyop, AW AF Abercrombie, Robert K. Udoeyop, Akaninyene W. BE Noyons, E Ngulube, P Leta, J TI A Study of Scientometric Methods to Identify Emerging Technologies SO PROCEEDINGS OF ISSI 2011: THE 13TH CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SCIENTOMETRICS AND INFORMETRICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Proceedings of the International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference of the International-Society-for-Scientometrics-and-Informetrics (ISSI) CY JUL 04-07, 2011 CL Durban, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Scientometr & Informetr (ISSI) AB This work examines a scientometric model that tracks the emergence of an identified technology from initial discovery (via original scientific and conference literature), through critical discoveries (via original scientific, conference literature and patents), transitioning through Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and ultimately on to commercial application. During the period of innovation and technology transfer, the impact of scholarly works, patents and on-line web news sources are identified. As trends develop, currency of citations, collaboration indicators, and on-line news patterns are identified. The combinations of four distinct and separate searchable on-line networked sources (i.e., scholarly publications and citation, worldwide patents, news archives, and on-line mapping networks) are assembled to become one collective network (a dataset for analysis of relations). This established network becomes the basis from which to quickly analyze the temporal flow of activity (searchable events) for the example subject domain we investigated. C1 [Abercrombie, Robert K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM abercrombier@ornl.gov; audoeyup@cisco.com NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU INT SOC SCIENTOMETRICS & INFORMETRICS-ISSI PI LEUVEN PA KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN, FACULTEIT E T E W, DEKENSTRAAT 2, LEUVEN, B-3000, BELGIUM SN 2175-1935 BN 978-90-817527-0-1 J9 PRO INT CONF SCI INF PY 2011 BP 2 EP 12 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA BAR88 UT WOS:000305337100001 ER PT S AU Frank, M Gard, EE Tobias, HJ Adams, KL Bogan, MJ Coffee, KR Farquar, GR Fergenson, DP Martin, SI Pitesky, M Riot, VJ Srivastava, A Steele, PT Williams, AM AF Frank, Matthias Gard, Eric E. Tobias, Herbert J. Adams, Kristl L. Bogan, Michael J. Coffee, Keith R. Farquar, George R. Fergenson, David P. Martin, Sue I. Pitesky, Maurice Riot, Vincent J. Srivastava, Abneesh Steele, Paul T. Williams, Audrey M. BE Fenselau, C Demirev, P TI Single-Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (SPAMS) for High-Throughput and Rapid Analysis of Biological Aerosols and Single Cells SO RAPID CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 238th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)/American-Chemical-Society (ACS) Symposium on Emerging Contaminants, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), and Organohalogens in Wastewater and Municipal Biosolids CY AUG 16-20, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Toxicol, Amer Chem Soc, Env Chem Inc ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; BACILLUS-ATROPHAEUS SPORES; REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT; REAGENTLESS DETECTION; BIOAEROSOL PARTICLES; SPECTRAL SIGNATURES; TUBERCULOSIS H37RA; IONIZATION; MALDI; IDENTIFICATION AB At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we have developed a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) system that can rapidly analyze individual micrometer-sized biological aerosol particles or cells that are sampled directly from air or a lab-generated aerosol into a mass spectrometer. As particles enter the SPAMS system, their aerodynamic size and fluorescence properties are measured before mass spectra from both positive and negative ions created by matrix-free laser desorption and ionization are recorded. All the correlated data obtained from a particle can be analyzed and classified in real-time. The SPAMS system is capable of discriminating, particle by particle, between bacterial spores, vegetative cells and other biological and non-biological background materials using the mass fingerprints obtained from those particles. In addition, selected species of bacteria can be discriminated from each other with this method. Here we describe the overall architecture of the SPAMS system and the related algorithms. We present selected results from applying the SPAMS technique to the analysis of biological agent simulants and single cells. We also describe results from first proof-of-concept experiments using SPAMS for the rapid screening of human effluents for tuberculosis. Lastly, we present results from a field study in a large airport using SPAMS to assess biological content in ambient aerosol. C1 [Frank, Matthias; Gard, Eric E.; Tobias, Herbert J.; Adams, Kristl L.; Bogan, Michael J.; Coffee, Keith R.; Farquar, George R.; Fergenson, David P.; Martin, Sue I.; Pitesky, Maurice; Riot, Vincent J.; Srivastava, Abneesh; Steele, Paul T.; Williams, Audrey M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Frank, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-211, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM frank1@llnl.gov RI Adams, Kristl/A-5748-2009; Bogan, Mike/I-6962-2012; Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014 OI Bogan, Mike/0000-0001-9318-3333; NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2612-8 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1065 BP 161 EP 196 PG 36 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Microbiology SC Chemistry; Microbiology GA BAS36 UT WOS:000305357700010 ER PT J AU Pullum, LL Symons, CT AF Pullum, Laura L. Symons, Christopher T. GP IEEE TI Failure Analysis of a Complex Learning Framework Incorporating Multi-Modal and Semi-Supervised Learning SO 2011 IEEE 17TH PACIFIC RIM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DEPENDABLE COMPUTING (PRDC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC) CY DEC 12-14, 2011 CL Pasadena, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IFIP, Jet Prop Lab (JPL) DE machine learning; failure modes; failure analysis; dependability AB Machine learning is used in many applications, from machine vision to speech recognition to decision support systems, and it is used to test applications. However, though much has been done to evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithms, little has been done to verify the algorithms or examine their failure modes. Moreover, complex learning frameworks often require stepping beyond black box evaluation to distinguish between errors based on natural limits on learning and errors that arise from mistakes in implementation. We present a conceptual architecture, failure model and taxonomy, and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) of a semi-supervised, multi-modal learning system, and provide specific examples from its use in a radiological analysis assistant system. The goal of the research described in this paper is to provide a foundation from which dependability analysis of systems using semi-supervised, multi-modal learning can be conducted. The methods presented provide a first step towards that overall goal. C1 [Pullum, Laura L.; Symons, Christopher T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Pullum, LL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM PullumLL@ornl.gov; SymonsCT@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-4590-5 PY 2011 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1109/PRDC.2011.52 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BAP65 UT WOS:000305062200044 ER PT S AU Colgate, SA Li, H Kronberg, PP AF Colgate, Stirling A. Li, Hui Kronberg, Philipp P. BE Bonanno, A DalPino, ED Kosovichev, AG TI The magnetized universe: its origin and dissipation through acceleration and leakage to the voids SO ADVANCES IN PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 274th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Advances in Plasma Astrophysics CY SEP 06-10, 2010 CL Giardini Naxos, ITALY SP Int Astron Union, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Univ Studi Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sezione Catania, Lab Nazl Sud Sezione Catania, European Phys Soc, European Sci Fdn DE Magnetic fields; MHD; galaxies: jets; acceleration of particles ID X-RAY; RADIO-SOURCES; GALAXIES; ENERGY; FIELD; VLA AB The consistency is awesome between over a dozen observations and the paradigm of radio lobes being immense sources of magnetic energy, flux, and relativistic electrons, - a magnetized universe. The greater the total energy of an astrophysical phenomenon, the more restricted are the possible explanations. Magnetic energy is the most challenging because its origin is still considered problematic. We suggest that it is evident that the universe is magnetized because of radio lobes, ultra relativistic electrons, Faraday rotation measures, the polarized emission of extra galactic radio structures, the x-rays from relativistic electrons Comptonized on the CMB, and possibly extra galactic cosmic rays. The implied energies are so large that only the formation of supermassive black hole, (SMBH) at the center of every galaxy is remotely energetic enough to supply this immense energy, similar to(1/10)10(8)M(circle dot)c(2) per galaxy. Only a galaxy cluster of 1000 galaxies has comparable energy, but it is inversely, (to the number of galaxies), rare per galaxy. Yet this energy appears to be shared between magnetic fields and accelerated relativistic particles, both electrons and ions. Only a large-scale coherent dynamo generating poloidal flux within the accretion disk forming the massive black hole makes a reasonable starting point. The subsequent winding of this dynamo-derived magnetic flux by conducting, angular momentum-dominated accreting matter, (similar to 10(11) turns near the event horizon in 10(8) years) produces the immense, coherent magnetic jets or total flux of radio lobes and similarly in star formation. By extending this same physics to supernova-neutron star formation, we predict that similar differential winding of the flux that couples explosion ejecta and a newly formed, rapidly rotating neutron star will produce similar phenomena of a magnetic jet and lobes in the forming supernova nebula. In all cases the conversion of force-free magnetic energy into accelerated ions and electrons is a major challenge. C1 [Colgate, Stirling A.; Li, Hui; Kronberg, Philipp P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Colgate, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B227, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM colgate@lanl.gov; hli@lanl.gov; kronberg@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-52119-741-0 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 274 BP 2 EP 9 DI 10.1017/S1743921311006491 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAQ17 UT WOS:000305161800001 ER PT S AU Yamada, M Ji, HT AF Yamada, Masaaki Ji, Hantao BE Bonanno, A DalPino, ED Kosovichev, AG TI Study of magnetic reconnection in collisional and collionless plasmas in Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) SO ADVANCES IN PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 274th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Advances in Plasma Astrophysics CY SEP 06-10, 2010 CL Giardini Naxos, ITALY SP Int Astron Union, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Univ Studi Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sezione Catania, Lab Nazl Sud Sezione Catania, European Phys Soc, European Sci Fdn ID LABORATORY PLASMA C1 [Yamada, Masaaki; Ji, Hantao] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Yamada, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM myamada@pppl.gov RI Yamada, Masaaki/D-7824-2015 OI Yamada, Masaaki/0000-0003-4996-1649 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-52119-741-0 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 274 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.1017/S1743921311006508 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAQ17 UT WOS:000305161800002 ER PT S AU Ji, HT AF Ji, Hantao BE Bonanno, A DalPino, ED Kosovichev, AG TI Current status and future prospects for laboratory study of angular momentum transport relevant to astrophysical disks SO ADVANCES IN PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 274th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Advances in Plasma Astrophysics CY SEP 06-10, 2010 CL Giardini Naxos, ITALY SP Int Astron Union, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Univ Studi Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sezione Catania, Lab Nazl Sud Sezione Catania, European Phys Soc, European Sci Fdn DE accretion disks; hydrodynamics; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); instabilities; plasmas; turbulence; methods: laboratory ID DISSIPATIVE COUETTE-FLOW; MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY; ROTATING CYLINDERS; HYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; ACCRETION DISKS; CIRCULATION; STABILITY; FRICTION AB A concise review of the past and ongoing laboratory experiments on rotating flows and the associated angular momentum transport relevant to astrophysical disks is given in three categories: hydrodynamic, magnetohydrodynamic, gas and plasma experiments. Future prospects for these experiments, especially for those directly relevant to the magnetorotational instability (MRI), are discussed with an emphasis on a newly proposed swirling gas and plasma experiment. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ji, HT (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hji@pppl.gov NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-52119-741-0 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 274 BP 18 EP 25 DI 10.1017/S174392131100651X PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAQ17 UT WOS:000305161800003 ER PT S AU Beresnyak, A AF Beresnyak, Andrey BE Bonanno, A DalPino, ED Kosovichev, AG TI Weakly imbalanced strong turbulence SO ADVANCES IN PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 274th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Advances in Plasma Astrophysics CY SEP 06-10, 2010 CL Giardini Naxos, ITALY SP Int Astron Union, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Univ Studi Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sezione Catania, Lab Nazl Sud Sezione Catania, European Phys Soc, European Sci Fdn DE MHD; turbulence; ISM: kinematics and dynamics ID MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; MHD TURBULENCE; SPECTRUM AB The theory of strong MHD turbulence with cross-helicity has been a subject of many recent studies. In this paper we focused our attention on low-imbalance limit and performed high-resolution 3D simulations. The results suggest that in this limit both w(+) = v + b and w(-) = v - b are cascaded strongly. The model for imbalance based on so-called "dynamic alignment" strongly contradicts numerical evidence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Beresnyak, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. OI Beresnyak, Andrey/0000-0002-2124-7024 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-52119-741-0 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 274 BP 72 EP 75 DI 10.1017/S1743921311006594 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAQ17 UT WOS:000305161800011 ER PT S AU Podesta, JJ AF Podesta, J. J. BE Bonanno, A DalPino, ED Kosovichev, AG TI Solar wind turbulence: Advances in observations and theory SO ADVANCES IN PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 274th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Advances in Plasma Astrophysics CY SEP 06-10, 2010 CL Giardini Naxos, ITALY SP Int Astron Union, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Univ Studi Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sezione Catania, Lab Nazl Sud Sezione Catania, European Phys Soc, European Sci Fdn DE Solar wind; turbulence; interplanetary medium; waves ID MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; DISSIPATION RANGE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ALFVENIC TURBULENCE; HELIOS-OBSERVATIONS; INERTIAL RANGE; POWER SPECTRA; 1 AU; ANISOTROPY; DYNAMICS AB Observations of plasma and magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind provide a valuable source of information for the study of turbulence in collisionless astrophysical plasmas. Scientific data collected by various spacecraft over the last few decades has fueled steady progress in this field. Theoretical models, numerical simulations, and comparisons between theory and experiment have also contributed greatly to these advances. This review highlights some recent advances on the observational side including measurements of the anisotropy of inertial range fluctuations as revealed by the different scaling laws parallel and perpendicular to the mean magnetic field, measurements of the normalized cross-helicity spanning the entire inertial range which demonstrate that this quantity is scale invariant, and improved measurements of the spectrum of magnetic field fluctuations in the dissipation range that show a spectral break near the lengthscale of the electron gyro-radius. The theoretical implications of these results and comparisons between theory and observations are briefly summarized. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Podesta, JJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jpodesta@solar.stanford.edu NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-52119-741-0 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 274 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1017/S1743921311007162 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAQ17 UT WOS:000305161800068 ER PT B AU Cholia, S Porter, RJ AF Cholia, Shreyas Porter, R. Jefferson BA Udoh, E BF Udoh, E TI Publication and Protection of Sensitive Site Information in a Grid Infrastructure SO CLOUD, GRID AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: EMERGING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB In order to create a successful grid infrastructure, sites and resource providers must be able to publish information about their underlying resources and services. This information enables users and virtual organizations to make intelligent decisions about resource selection and scheduling, and facilitates accounting and troubleshooting services within the grid. However, such an outbound stream may include data deemed sensitive by a resource-providing site, exposing potential security vulnerabilities or private user information. This study analyzes the various vectors of information being published from sites to grid infrastructures. In particular, it examines the data being published and collected in the Open Science Grid, including resource selection, monitoring, accounting, troubleshooting, logging and site verification data. We analyze the risks and potential threat models posed by the publication and collection of such data. We also offer some recommendations and best practices for sites and grid infrastructures to manage and protect sensitive data. C1 [Cholia, Shreyas] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Porter, R. Jefferson] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Cholia, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IGI GLOBAL PI HERSEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSEY, PA 17033-1240 USA BN 978-1-60960-604-6 PY 2011 BP 155 EP 164 DI 10.4018/978-1-60960-603-9.ch010 D2 10.4018/978-1-60960-603-9 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BZX25 UT WOS:000303200000011 ER PT B AU Pala, M Cholia, S Rea, SA Smith, SW AF Pala, Massimiliano Cholia, Shreyas Rea, Scott A. Smith, Sean W. BA Udoh, E BF Udoh, E TI Federated PKI Authentication in Computing Grids: Past, Present, and Future SO CLOUD, GRID AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: EMERGING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISCOVERY; SERVICES AB One of the most successful working examples of virtual organizations, computational Grids need authentication mechanisms that inter-operate across domain boundaries. Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) provide sufficient flexibility to allow resource managers to securely grant access to their systems in such distributed environments. However, as PKIs grow and services are added to enhance both security and usability, users and applications must struggle to discover available resources-particularly when the Certification Authority (CA) is alien to the relying party. This chapter presents a successful story about how to overcome these limitations by deploying the PKI Resource Query Protocol (PRQP) into the grid security architecture. We also discuss the future of Grid authentication by introducing the Public Key System (PKS) and its key features to support federated identities. C1 [Pala, Massimiliano; Smith, Sean W.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Cholia, Shreyas] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr NERSC, Lawrence, KS USA. [Rea, Scott A.] DigiCert Inc, Lindon, UT USA. [Pala, Massimiliano] Dartmouth Coll, Inst Secur Technol & Soc, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Pala, M (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IGI GLOBAL PI HERSEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSEY, PA 17033-1240 USA BN 978-1-60960-604-6 PY 2011 BP 165 EP 179 DI 10.4018/978-1-60960-603-9.ch011 D2 10.4018/978-1-60960-603-9 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BZX25 UT WOS:000303200000012 ER PT J AU Edwards, JV Goheen, SC AF Edwards, J. V. Goheen, S. C. BE Pan, N Sun, G TI New developments in functional medical textiles and their mechanism of action SO FUNCTIONAL TEXTILES FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE, PROTECTION AND HEALTH SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biomaterials; medical textiles; biocompatibility; implantables; non-implantables; extracorporeals; chronic wound dressings; pressure ulcer; hemorrhage control ID EXTREMITY ARTERIAL HEMORRHAGES; LIFE-THREATENING COAGULOPATHY; TRAUMA PATIENT HYPOTHERMIA; INCONTINENCE PADS; PRESSURE ULCERS; CELL APOPTOSIS; CHRONIC WOUNDS; TISSUE-REPAIR; HUMAN SKIN; IN-VITRO AB Functional medical textiles are undergoing a revolution in structural design. Medical textiles as non-implantables, implantables and extracorporeals are playing central roles in healthcare improvements enhancing and prolonging the quality of life. Developments in the design of materials that function at the biological-material interface address material biocompatibility and bioactive function. A deeper understanding of the physiological, biochemical and biophysical milieus of biomaterials is being achieved in critical areas like wound healing, implant biocompatibility, dialysis and pressure ulcer prevention, which coupled with advances in nanotechnology holds great promise for tissue engineering and areas of biomaterial design for wound healing and prevention. C1 [Edwards, J. V.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Goheen, S. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, Chem & Phys Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Edwards, JV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. EM Vince.Edwards@ARS.USDA.GOV; steve.goheen@pnl.gov NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85709-287-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER TE PY 2011 IS 120 BP 293 EP 319 D2 10.1533/9780857092878 PG 27 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BYQ00 UT WOS:000299707700014 ER PT B AU van Dam, KK Li, DS Miller, SD Cobb, JW Green, ML Ruby, CL AF van Dam, Kerstin Kleese Li, Dongsheng Miller, Stephen D. Cobb, John W. Green, Mark L. Ruby, Catherine L. BE Furht, B Escalante, A TI Challenges in Data Intensive Analysis at Scientific Experimental User Facilities SO HANDBOOK OF DATA INTENSIVE COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [van Dam, Kerstin Kleese; Li, Dongsheng] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Miller, Stephen D.; Cobb, John W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Data Syst Grp, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Green, Mark L.; Ruby, Catherine L.] Syst Integrat Grp Tech X Corp, Williamsville, NY USA. RP van Dam, KK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Kerstin.KleeseVanDam@pnl.gov; dongsheng.li@pnnl.gov; millersd@ornl.gov; cobbjw@ornl.gov; mlgreen@txcorp.com; rlruby@txcorp.com OI Kleese van Dam, Kerstin/0000-0002-5794-7620 NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4614-1414-8 PY 2011 BP 249 EP 284 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1415-5_10 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-1415-5 PG 36 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BZZ54 UT WOS:000303419100010 ER PT B AU Nielsen, LC Druhan, JL Yang, WB Brown, ST DePaolo, DJ AF Nielsen, Laura C. Druhan, Jennifer L. Yang, Wenbo Brown, Shaun T. DePaolo, Donald J. BE Baskaran, M TI Calcium Isotopes as Tracers of Biogeochemical Processes SO HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Advances in Isotope Geochemisty LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MC-ICP-MS; CA ISOTOPES; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FRACTIONATION; CYCLE; DELTA-CA-44; SEAWATER AB The prevalence of calcium as a major cation in surface and oceanic environments, the necessity of calcium in the functioning of living cells and bone growth, and the large spread in mass between calcium isotopes all suggest that calcium isotope biogeochemistry can be an important avenue of insight into past and present biogeochemical cycling processes. In the following chapter, we review the main areas of research where Ca isotope studies have been pursued and detail recent research results in biogeochemical applications. In marine environments, biogenic fractionation of Ca isotopes during biomineralization produces predictable offsets in some organisms, which facilitate the reconstruction of seawater delta Ca-44/14 over geologic timescales. In terrestrial studies, observed Ca isotope fractionation between soil and various components of vegetation enables the construction of a local Ca budget and provides a partial explanation for the scale of Ca isotopic variability within a single watershed. The research reviewed in this chapter provides a foundation for future investigations into the macro-and microscopic processes and biochemical pathways dictating the distribution of this essential nutrient using stable Ca isotope ratios. C1 [Nielsen, Laura C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nielsen, Laura C.; Druhan, Jennifer L.; Yang, Wenbo; Brown, Shaun T.; DePaolo, Donald J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nielsen, LC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Inielsen@berkeley.edu; depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu RI Druhan, Jennifer/G-2584-2011; Brown, Shaun/E-9398-2015 OI Brown, Shaun/0000-0002-2159-6718 NR 97 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-642-10636-1 J9 ADV ISOTOP GEOCHEM PY 2011 BP 105 EP 124 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_7 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BZC58 UT WOS:000301099200007 ER PT B AU Hong, GH Hamilton, TF Baskaran, M Kenna, TC AF Hong, G. -H. Hamilton, T. F. Baskaran, M. Kenna, T. C. BE Baskaran, M TI Applications of Anthropogenic Radionuclides as Tracers to Investigate Marine Environmental Processes SO HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Advances in Isotope Geochemisty LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SALT-MARSH SEDIMENTS; SOUTHERN NORTH-SEA; PACIFIC-OCEAN; ARCTIC-OCEAN; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES; BLACK-SEA; FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDES; REPROCESSING WASTES; TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT AB Since the 1940, anthropogenic radionuclides have been intentionally and accidentally introduced into the environment through a number of activities including nuclear weapons development, production, and testing, and nuclear power generation. In the ensuing decades, a significant body of research has been conducted that not only addresses the fate and transport of the anthropogenic radionuclides in the marine environment but allows their application as tracers to better understand a variety of marine and oceanic processes. In many cases, the radionuclides are derived entirely from anthropogenic sources and the release histories are well constrained. These attributes, in conjunction with a range of different geochemical characteristics (e.g., half-life, particle affinity, etc.), make the anthropogenic radionuclides extremely useful tools. A number of long-lived and largely soluble radionuclides (e.g., H-3, C-4, Kr-85, Sr-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, I-129, Cs-134, Cs-137) have been utilized for tracking movement of water parcels in horizontal and vertical directions in the sea, whereas more particle-reactive radionuclides (e.g., Mn-54, Fe-55, Ru-103, Ru-16, Pu isotopes) have been utilized for tracking the movement of particulate matter in the marine environment. In some cases, pairs of parent-daughter nuclides (e.g., H-3-He-3, Sr-90-Y-90 and Pu-241-Am-241) have been used to provide temporal constraints on processes such as the dynamics of particles in the water column and sediment deposition at the seafloor. Often information gained from anthropogenic radionuclides provides unique/complementary information to that gained from naturally occurring radionuclides or stable constituents, and leads to improved insight into natural marine processes. C1 [Hong, G. -H.] Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Kyonggi Do 425600, South Korea. [Hamilton, T. F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Baskaran, M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Kenna, T. C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Hong, GH (reprint author), Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Ansan POB 29, Kyonggi Do 425600, South Korea. EM ghhong@kordi.re.kr; hamilton18@llnl.gov; baskaran@wayne.edu; tkenna@ldeo.columbia.edu NR 138 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-642-10636-1 J9 ADV ISOTOP GEOCHEM PY 2011 BP 367 EP 394 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_19 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BZC58 UT WOS:000301099200019 ER PT B AU Sturchio, NC Bohlke, JK Gu, BH Hatzinger, PB Jackson, WA AF Sturchio, Neil C. Boehlke, John Karl Gu, Baohua Hatzinger, Paul B. Jackson, W. Andrew BE Baskaran, M TI Isotopic Tracing of Perchlorate in the Environment SO HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Advances in Isotope Geochemisty LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; NATURAL PERCHLORATE; ATACAMA DESERT; NITRATE DEPOSITS; OZONE OXIDATION; NORTH-AMERICA; HIGH-PLAINS; NEW-MEXICO; CHLORINE; FRACTIONATION AB Isotopic measurements can be used for tracing the sources and behavior of environmental contaminants. Perchlorate (ClO4-) has been detected widely in groundwater, soils, fertilizers, plants, milk, and human urine since 1997, when improved analytical methods for analyzing ClO4- concentration became available for routine use. Perchlorate ingestion poses a risk to human health because of its interference with thyroidal hormone production. Consequently, methods for isotopic analysis of ClO4- have been developed and applied to assist evaluation of the origin and migration of this common contaminant. Isotopic data are now available for stable isotopes of oxygen and chlorine, as well as Cl-36 isotopic abundances, in ClO4- samples from a variety of natural and synthetic sources. These isotopic data provide a basis for distinguishing sources of ClO4- found in the environment, and for understanding the origin of natural ClO4-. In addition, the isotope effects of microbial ClO4- reduction have been measured in laboratory and field experiments, providing a tool for assessing ClO4- attenuation in the environment. Isotopic data have been used successfully in some areas for identifying major sources of ClO4- contamination in drinking water supplies. Questions about the origin and global biogeochemical cycle of natural ClO4- remain to be addressed; such work would benefit from the development of methods for preparation and isotopic analysis of ClO4- in samples with low concentrations and complex matrices. C1 [Sturchio, Neil C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Boehlke, John Karl] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hatzinger, Paul B.] Shaw Environm Inc, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Jackson, W. Andrew] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Sturchio, NC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM sturchio@uic.edu; jkbohlke@usgs.gov NR 73 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-642-10636-1 J9 ADV ISOTOP GEOCHEM PY 2011 BP 437 EP 452 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_22 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BZC58 UT WOS:000301099200022 ER PT B AU Waugh, WJ Glenn, EP Charley, PH Carroll, MK Maxwell, B O'Neill, MK AF Waugh, William J. Glenn, Edward P. Charley, Perry H. Carroll, Marnie K. Maxwell, Beverly O'Neill, Michael K. BE Burger, J TI Helping Mother Earth Heal: Dine College and Enhanced Natural Attenuation Research at U. S. Department of Energy Uranium Processing Sites on Navajo Land SO STAKEHOLDERS AND SCIENTISTS: ACHIEVING IMPLEMENTABLE SOLUTIONS TO ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SHRUBS; ARIZONA; SOIL AB Dine College is a key stakeholder and partner with the U.S. Department of Energy in efforts to develop and implement sustainable and culturally acceptable remedies for soil and groundwater contamination at uranium mill tailings processing and disposal sites on Navajo Nation land. Through an educational philosophy grounded in the Navajo traditional living system which places human life in harmony with the natural world, the College has helped guide researchers to look beyond traditional engineering approaches and seek more sustainable remedies for soil and groundwater contamination at former uranium mill sites near Monument Valley, Arizona, and Shiprock, New Mexico. Students and researchers are asking first, what is Mother Earth already doing to heal a land injured by uranium mill tailings, and second, what can we do to help her? This guidance has led researchers to investigate applications of natural and enhanced attenuation remedies involving native plants phytoremediation, and indigenous microorganisms - bioremediation. College faculty, student interns, and local residents have contributed to several aspects of the pilot studies including site characterization, sampling designs, installation and maintenance of plantings and irrigation systems, monitoring, and data interpretation. Research results look promising. C1 [Waugh, William J.] SM Stoller Corp, DOE Environm Sci Lab, Grand Junction, CO 81503 USA. [Carroll, Marnie K.; Maxwell, Beverly] Dine Coll, Dine Environm Inst, Shiprock, NM 87420 USA. [O'Neill, Michael K.] New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr Farmington, Farmington, NM 87499 USA. [Charley, Perry H.] Dine Coll, Uranium Educ Program, Shiprock, NM 87420 USA. [Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85705 USA. RP Waugh, WJ (reprint author), SM Stoller Corp, DOE Environm Sci Lab, Grand Junction, CO 81503 USA. EM Jody.Waugh@lm.doe.gov; eglenn@ag.arizona.edu; phcharley@dinecollege.edu; mkcarroll@dinecollege.edu; bevmaxwell@dinecollege.edu; moneill@nmsu.edu NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-8812-6 PY 2011 BP 119 EP 147 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8813-3_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-8813-3 PG 29 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BYL56 UT WOS:000299249000006 ER PT S AU Mukherjee, PP Wang, CY AF Mukherjee, Partha P. Wang, Chao-Yang BE Li, XG TI Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Modelling - a Pore-scale Perspective SO GREEN ENERGY: BASIC CONCEPTS AND FUNDAMENTALS SE Progress in Green Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; LATTICE BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; LIQUID WATER TRANSPORT; GAS-DIFFUSION LAYERS; STATE 2-PHASE FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; RELATIVE PERMEABILITIES; CAPILLARY-PRESSURE; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; CATALYST LAYERS C1 [Mukherjee, Partha P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, Chao-Yang] Penn State Univ, Electrochem Engine Ctr, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM partham@lanl.gov; cxw31@psu.edu RI Wang, Chao-Yang/C-4122-2009 NR 86 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 2191-561X BN 978-1-84882-647-2 J9 PROGR GREEN ENERG PY 2011 VL 1 BP 181 EP 221 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-647-2 PG 41 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BZN50 UT WOS:000302103600005 ER PT B AU Demmie, PN Ostoja-Starzewski, M AF Demmie, Paul N. Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin BE Fosdick, R Fried, E Tortorelli, D TI Waves in Fractal Media SO METHODS AND TASTES IN MODERN CONTINUUM MECHANICS: TO THE MEMORY OF DONALD E. CARLSON LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Fractals; Micromechanical theories; Elastic materials; Waves ID EQUATIONS; SOLIDS AB The term fractal was coined by Benoit Mandelbrot to denote an object that is broken or fractured in space or time. Fractals provide appropriate models for many media for some finite range of length scales with lower and upper cutoffs. Fractal geometric structures with cutoffs are called pre-fractals. By fractal media, we mean media with pre-fractal geometric structures. The basis of this study is the recently formulated extension of continuum thermomechanics to such media. The continuum theory is based on dimensional regularization, in which we employ fractional integrals to state global balance laws. The global forms of governing equations are cast in forms involving conventional (integer-order) integrals, while the local forms are expressed through partial differential equations with derivatives of integer order. Using Hamilton's principle, we derive the equations of motion of a fractal elastic solid under finite strains. Next, we consider one-dimensional models and obtain equations governing nonlinear waves in such a solid. Finally, we study shock fronts in linear viscoelastic solids under small strains. In all the cases, the derived equations for fractal media depend explicitly on fractal dimensions and reduce to conventional forms for continuous media with Euclidean geometries upon setting the dimensions to integers. C1 [Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Inst Condensed Matter Theory, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Demmie, Paul N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ostoja-Starzewski, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Inst Condensed Matter Theory, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM pndemmi@sandia.gov; martinos@illinois.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-94-007-1883-8 PY 2011 BP 187 EP 204 DI 10.1007/s10659-011-9333-6 PG 18 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA BZC43 UT WOS:000301088700011 ER PT B AU Gupta, A Steigmann, DJ Stolken, JS AF Gupta, A. Steigmann, D. J. Stoelken, J. S. BE Fosdick, R Fried, E Tortorelli, D TI Aspects of the Phenomenological Theory of Elastic-Plastic Deformation SO METHODS AND TASTES IN MODERN CONTINUUM MECHANICS: TO THE MEMORY OF DONALD E. CARLSON LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Elasticity; Crystalline solids; Rate-independent plasticity ID STRAIN-GRADIENT PLASTICITY; DISLOCATIONS; STRESS; BODIES; SHEAR AB Several issues pertaining to the phenomenological description of rate-independent plasticity in crystalline solids are discussed. These include energy dissipation, the specification of initial plastic deformation, material symmetry and the modeling of scale-dependent response. C1 [Steigmann, D. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gupta, A.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Stoelken, J. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Mech Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Steigmann, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM steigman@me.berkeley.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-94-007-1883-8 PY 2011 BP 249 EP 266 DI 10.1007/s10659-010-9288-z PG 18 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA BZC43 UT WOS:000301088700015 ER PT S AU Smoot, GF AF Smoot, George F. BE VallsGabaud, D Boksenberg, A TI Educational aspects of cosmology Global Cosmology Teachers Academy SO ROLE OF ASTRONOMY IN SOCIETY AND CULTURE SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 260th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY JAN 19-23, 2009 CL UNESCO, Paris, FRANCE SP Observ Paris, Int Astronom Union, Acad Sci Paris, Inst Natl Sci Univ, Region Ile France HO UNESCO DE Science education; STEM learning AB This IAU-UNESCO Symposium 260 'The role of Astronomy in Society and Culture' celebrates the 400th anniversary of the beginning of modern astronomy marked by when Galileo turned a telescope to the sky making so many astounding discoveries that changed our perceived position in the solar system. This talk celebrates that cosmology has entered this era in an even deeper and profound discoveries that have changed our perception of the universe and our place in it. As such cosmology is a great interest and educational tool for capturing the attention of the young and broadening their perspective. The first portion of the talk outlines and reveals some of these observations and the second with examples and vision of how this can provide an encompassing storyline for STEM learning. This proceedings also emphasizes the key role that partnerships including the private sector are valuable, critical, and rewarding part of the effort. C1 [Smoot, George F.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Astrophys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GFSmoot@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-0-521-76477-3 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2011 IS 260 BP 622 EP 628 DI 10.1017/S1743921311002936 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; History & Philosophy Of Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; History & Philosophy of Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BAM51 UT WOS:000304684000087 ER PT B AU Riebel, D Meixner, M Srinivasan, S Fraser, O Cook, K Vijh, U AF Riebel, D. Meixner, M. Srinivasan, S. Fraser, O. Cook, K. Vijh, U. BE Kerschbaum, F Lebzelter, T Wing, RF TI Period-Luminosity Relations for LMC AGB Stars SO WHY GALAXIES CARE ABOUT AGB STARS II: SHINING EXAMPLES AND COMMON INHABITANTS SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Why Galaxies Care About AGB Stars II: Shining Examples and Common Inhabitants CY AUG 16-20, 2010 CL Univ Campus, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Univ Campus ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; MASS-LOSS RETURN; LONG SECONDARY PERIODS; EVOLVED STARS; RED GIANTS; VARIABLES; MACHO C1 [Riebel, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Meixner, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Srinivasan, S.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA USA. [Fraser, O.] Inst Astrophys Paris, Paris, France. [Cook, K.] IGPP, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Vijh, U.] Univ Toledo, Ritter Astrophys Res Ctr, Toledo, OH USA. RP Riebel, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-770-4 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 445 BP 539 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAH05 UT WOS:000304132300120 ER PT B AU Konopacky, QM Ghez, AM Macintosh, BA White, RJ Barman, TS Rice, EL Hallinan, G AF Konopacky, Q. M. Ghez, A. M. Macintosh, B. A. White, R. J. Barman, T. S. Rice, E. L. Hallinan, G. BE JohnsKrull, CMJ Browning, MK West, AA TI Rotational Velocities of Very Low Mass Binaries SO 16TH CAMBRIDGE WORKSHOP ON COOL STARS, STELLAR SYSTEMS AND THE SUN SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 2010 CL Univ Washington, Seattle, WA SP Natl Sci Fdn, NASA Astrobiol Inst, European Space Agcy, Astrophys Res Consortium/Apache Point Observ, Univ Washington Coll Arts & Sci, Univ Washington Dept Astron HO Univ Washington ID L-DWARFS; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; MULTIPLE SYSTEMS; BROWN DWARF; RADIO; EMISSION; DYNAMO AB We present rotational velocities for individual components of eleven very low mass (VLM) binaries with spectral types between M7.5 and L4. These results are based on observations taken with the near-infrared spectrograph, NIRSPEC, and the Keck II laser guide star adaptive optics (LOS AO) system. The binaries were targeted as part of a dynamical mass program, and their orbital inclinations are used to translate vsini into a rotational velocity for each component. We find that the observed sources tend to be rapid rotators (vsini > 10 km s(-1)), consistent with previous measurements for ultracool objects. Five systems have component vsini's that are statistically different, with three binaries having velocity differences greater than 25 km s(-1). To bring these discrepant rotational velocities into agreement would require their rotational axes to be inclined between 10 to 40 degrees with respect to each other, and that at least one component has a significant inclination with respect to the orbital plane. Alternatively, each component could be rotating at a different rate, even though they have similar spectral types. Both differing rotational velocities and inclinations have interesting implications for binary star formation. Two of the binaries with large differences in rotational velocity are also known radio sources, LP 349-25AB and 2MASS 0746+20AB. LP 349-25B is rotating at similar to 95 km s(-1), within a factor of similar to 3 of the break up speed, and is one of the most rapidly rotating VLM objects known. C1 [Konopacky, Q. M.; Macintosh, B. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ghez, A. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Barman, T. S.] Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Rice, E. L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Hallinan, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys & Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Konopacky, QM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Rice, Emily/G-4446-2013 OI Rice, Emily/0000-0002-3252-5886 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DEAC52-07NA27344]; NASA [NNX1 OAH39G]; W.M. Keck foundation FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DEAC52-07NA27344. This work is support by NASA Origins Grant NNX1 OAH39G. The W.M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck foundation. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-776-6 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 448 BP 147 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAK14 UT WOS:000304381600016 ER PT B AU Helling, C Pedretti, E Berdyugina, S Vidotto, AA Beeck, B Baron, E Showman, AP Agol, E Homeier, D AF Helling, Ch. Pedretti, E. Berdyugina, S. Vidotto, A. A. Beeck, B. Baron, E. Showman, A. P. Agol, E. Homeier, D. BE JohnsKrull, CMJ Browning, MK West, AA TI Aspects of Multi-Dimensional Modelling of Substellar Atmospheres SO 16TH CAMBRIDGE WORKSHOP ON COOL STARS, STELLAR SYSTEMS AND THE SUN SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 2010 CL Univ Washington, Seattle, WA SP Natl Sci Fdn, NASA Astrobiol Inst, European Space Agcy, Astrophys Res Consortium/Apache Point Observ, Univ Washington Coll Arts & Sci, Univ Washington Dept Astron HO Univ Washington ID COMOVING-FRAME EQUATION; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; HD 189733B; RELATIVISTIC FLOWS; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; SCATTERED-LIGHT; HOT JUPITERS; CIRCULATION; SIMULATIONS; WASP-12B AB Theoretical arguments and observations suggest that the atmospheres of Brown Dwarfs and planets are very dynamic on chemical and on physical time scales. The modelling of such substellar atmospheres has, hence, been much more demanding than initially anticipated. This Splinter(1) has combined new developments in atmosphere modelling, with novel observational techniques, and new challenges arising from planetary and space weather observations. C1 [Helling, Ch.; Pedretti, E.; Vidotto, A. A.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, N Haugh, Scotland. [Berdyugina, S.] Kiepenheuer Inst Sonnenphys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Beeck, B.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Beeck, B.; Homeier, D.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Baron, E.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Baron, E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Showman, A. P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Agol, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Helling, C (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, N Haugh, Scotland. OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; /0000-0002-0802-9145 FU NASA [NAS5-26555]; NERSC; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Hochstleistungs Rechenzentrum Nord (HLRN); NSF [0645416]; NASA; DAAD; ANR; PNPS of CNRS/INSU, France FX EB was supported by NSF grant AST-0707704, US DOE Grant DEFG02-07ER41517, and by programnumberHST-GO-12298.05-Awhich is supported by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This research used resources of the NERSC, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; and the Hochstleistungs Rechenzentrum Nord (HLRN). Support for EA was provided by NSF through CAREER Grant No. 0645416 and by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. APS acknowledges funding from NASA Origins. D. H. gratefully acknowledges support from a foreign travel grant by the DAAD. F. A. and B. F. acknowledge financial support from the ANR, and the PNPS of CNRS/INSU, France. Stellar and substellar atmosphere models for this study have been calculated at the GWDG. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-776-6 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 448 BP 403 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAK14 UT WOS:000304381600041 ER PT J AU Reilly, J AF Reilly, John BE Dinar, A Mendelsohn, R TI The role of growth and trade in agricultural adaptation to environmental change SO HANDBOOK ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES AGRICULTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; IMPACT; OZONE; FOOD; EMISSIONS; BENEFITS; FORESTS; CROPS C1 [Reilly, John] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reilly, John] MIT, Sloan Sch, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reilly, John] US Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC USA. [Reilly, John] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Reilly, John] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Reilly, John] Inst Energy Anal, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Reilly, John] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Reilly, J (reprint author), MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84980-116-4 PY 2011 BP 230 EP 268 PG 39 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BZB32 UT WOS:000300991900011 ER PT J AU Larsen, SG Burian, SJ AF Larsen, Sara G. Burian, Steven J. BE Kenney, DS Wilkinson, R TI Energy requirements for water supply in Utah SO WATER-ENERGY NEXUS IN THE AMERICAN WEST LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Larsen, Sara G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Burian, Steven J.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Larsen, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Burian, Steven/0000-0003-0523-4968 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84980-936-8 PY 2011 BP 153 EP 164 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BYH99 UT WOS:000298876200012 ER PT B AU Beresnyak, A AF Beresnyak, Andrey BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Strong Imbalanced Turbulence SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; MHD TURBULENCE; SPECTRUM AB The theory of strong MHD turbulence with cross-helicity (or energy imbalance) has been a subject of many recent studies. In this paper we focused our attention on low-imbalance limit and performed high-resolution 3D simulations. The results suggest that in the limit of small imbalances both w(+) = v + b and w(-) = v b components are cascaded strongly, as expected, while the model for imbalance based on so-called "dynamic alignment" strongly contradicts numerical evidence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Beresnyak, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 3 EP 8 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200001 ER PT B AU Kaman, T Glimm, J Sharp, DH AF Kaman, Tulin Glimm, James Sharp, David H. BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Uncertainty Quantification for Turbulent Mixing Simulations SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID BUBBLE MERGER MODEL AB We have achieved validation in the form of simulation-experiment agreement for Rayleigh-Taylor turbulent mixing rates (known as a) over the past decade. The problem was first posed sixty years ago. Recent improvements in our simulation technology allow sufficient precision to distinguish between mixing rates for different experiments. We explain the sensitivity and non-universality of the mixing rate. These play a role in the difficulties experienced by many others in efforts to compare experiment with simulation. We analyze the role of initial conditions, which were not recorded for the classical experiments of Youngs et al. Reconstructed initial conditions with error bars are given. The time evolution of the long and short wave length portions of the instability are analyzed. We show that long wave length perturbations are strong at t = 0, but are quickly overcome by the rapidly growing short wave length perturbations. These conclusions, based solely on experimental data analysis, are in agreement with results from theoretical bubble merger models and numerical simulation studies but disagree with models based on superposition of modes. C1 [Kaman, Tulin; Glimm, James] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Glimm, James] Comptat Sci Ctr, Brookhaven Nalt Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. [Sharp, David H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kaman, T (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. FU Nuclear Energy University Program of the Department of Energy [NEUP-09-349]; Battelle Energy Alliance LLC [00088495]; Leland Stanford Junior University [2175022040367A]; Army Research Office [W911NF0910306]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is supported in part by the Nuclear Energy University Program of the Department of Energy, project NEUP-09-349, Battelle Energy Alliance LLC 00088495 (subaward with DOE as prime sponsor), Leland Stanford Junior University 2175022040367A (subaward with DOE as prime sponsor), Army Research OfficeW911NF0910306. Computational resources were provided by the Stony Brook Galaxy cluster and the Stony Brook/BNL New York Blue Gene/L IBM machine. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 21 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200004 ER PT B AU Arge, CN Henney, CJ Koller, J Toussaint, WA Harvey, JW Young, S AF Arge, C. Nick Henney, Carl J. Koller, Josef Toussaint, W. Alex Harvey, John W. Young, Shawn BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Improving Data Drivers for Coronal and Solar Wind Models SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; INTERPLANETARY; FLUX; CME AB Global estimates of the solar photospheric magnetic field distribution are critical for space weather forecasting. These global maps are the essential data input for accurate modeling of the corona and solar wind, which is vital for gaining the basic understanding necessary to improve space weather forecasting models. We are now testing the global photospheric field maps generated by the Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model as input to the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) coronal and solar wind model. ADAPT incorporates data assimilation within a modified version of the Worden & Harvey photospheric magnetic flux transport model to provide an instantaneous snapshot of the global photospheric field distribution compared to that of traditional synoptic maps. In this paper we provide an overview of the WSA and ADAPT models, plus discuss preliminary results obtained from WSA when using a traditional versus an ADAPT photospheric field synoptic map as its input. C1 [Arge, C. Nick; Henney, Carl J.; Young, Shawn] AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Koller, Josef] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Toussaint, W. Alex; Harvey, John W.] Natl Solar Oserv, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Arge, CN (reprint author), AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RI Koller, Josef/C-5591-2009; Young, Shawn/M-3601-2016 OI Koller, Josef/0000-0002-6770-4980; Young, Shawn/0000-0001-9592-8095 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 99 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200016 ER PT B AU Gardiner, TA AF Gardiner, Thomas A. BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI High Lundquist Number Reconnection SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID UNSPLIT GODUNOV METHOD; CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT; IDEAL MHD AB In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in exploring the properties of resistive magnetic reconnection layers. This was spurred on by the observations that at high Lundquist number these systems depart from the traditional Sweet-Parker scaling, opening the possibility of so-called fast resistive magnetic reconnection. This proceedings presents my recent efforts at simulating resistive magnetic reconnection layers in high Lundquist number systems highlighting the numerical algorithms, simulation results and convergence behavior. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, HEDP Theory, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gardiner, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, HEDP Theory, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 191 EP 196 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200029 ER PT B AU Li, ST AF Li, Shengtai BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Higher Order Divergence-Free Methods for Three-Dimensional MHD Flows on Overlapping Grid SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID FINITE-VOLUME SCHEMES; CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT; IDEAL MHD; CELLS AB We present a higher-order, divergence-free, central finite-volume method for three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows, which is an extension of the method described in [S. Li, High order central scheme on overlapping cells for MHD flows with and without constrained transport method, J. Comput. Phys. 227 (2008) 7368]. This method simultaneously advances the solutions on both original and dual overlapping grids, and can achieve any high order accuracy, depending on the order of the reconstructed polynomials. The dual overlapping grid also provides a natural way to calculate the electric field without spatial averaging for the constrained transport (CT) method, which preserves the divergence-free condition of the magnetic fields. In this paper, we describe basic components of our method implemented for 3D MHD flows. Several test problems are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the algorithm. The high-order, low-dissipation, and divergence-free properties of this method make it an ideal tool for direct MHD turbulence simulations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, ST (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 242 EP 247 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200037 ER PT B AU Yee, HC Sjogreen, B Hadjadj, A AF Yee, H. C. Sjoegreen, B. Hadjadj, A. BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI LES of Temporally Evolving Mixing Layers by Three High Order Schemes SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA ID COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE; NUMERICAL DISSIPATION; DIRECT SIMULATION AB The performance of three high order shock-capturing schemes is compared for large eddy simulations (LES) of temporally evolving mixing layers for different convective Mach number (M-e) ranging from the quasi-incompressible regime to highly compressible supersonic regime. The considered high order schemes are fifth-order WENO (WENO5), seventh-order WENO (WENO7), and the associated eighth-order central spatial base scheme with the dissipative portion of WENO7 as a nonlinear post-processing filter step (WENO7fi). This high order nonlinear filter method (Yee & Sjogreen 2009) is designed for accurate and efficient simulations of shock-free compressible turbulence, turbulence with shocklets and turbulence with strong shocks with minimum tuning of scheme parameters. The LES results by WENO7fi using the same scheme parameter agree well with experimental results of Barone et al. (2006), and published direct numerical simulations (DNS) by Rogers & Moser (1994) and Pantano & Sarkar (2002), whereas results by WENO5 and WENO7 compare poorly with experimental data and DNS computations. C1 [Yee, H. C.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Sjoegreen, B.] Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hadjadj, A.] CORIA, UMR 6614, INSA Rouen, F-76800 St Etienne, France. RP Yee, HC (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 266 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200041 ER PT B AU Howison, M Bethel, EW Childs, H AF Howison, Mark Bethel, E. Wes Childs, Hank BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Hybrid Parallelism for Volume Rendering on Large, Multi-core Systems SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA AB This work studies the performance and scalability characteristics of "hybrid" parallel programming and execution as applied to raycasting volume rendering - a staple visualization algorithm - on a large, multi-core platform. Historically, the Message Passing Interface (MPI) has become the de-facto standard for parallel programming and execution on modern parallel systems. As the computing industry trends towards multi-core processors, with four- and six-core chips common today, as well as processors capable of running hundreds of concurrent threads (GPUs), we wish to better understand how algorithmic and parallel programming choices impact performance and scalability on large, distributed-memory multi-core systems. Our findings indicate that the hybrid-parallel implementation, at levels of concurrency ranging from 1,728 to 216,000, performs better, uses a smaller absolute memory footprint, and consumes less communication bandwidth than the traditional, MPI-only implementation. C1 [Howison, Mark; Bethel, E. Wes; Childs, Hank] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Visualizat Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Howison, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Visualizat Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. EM mhowison@lbl.gov; ewbethel@lbl.gov; hchilds@lbl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 275 EP 280 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200042 ER PT B AU Weber, GH Bremer, PT Gyulassy, A Pascucci, V AF Weber, Gunther H. Bremer, Peer-Timo Gyulassy, Attila Pascucci, Valerio BE Pogorelov, NV Audit, E Zank, GP TI Topology-based Feature Definition and Analysis SO NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS - ASTRONUM 2010 SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Conference on Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows (ASTRONUM 2010) CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL San Diego, CA AB Defining high-level features, detecting them, tracking them and deriving quantities based on them is an integral aspect of modern data analysis and visualization. In combustion simulations, for example, burning regions, which are characterized by high fuel-consumption, are a possible feature of interest. Detecting these regions makes it possible to derive statistics about their size and track them over time. However, features of interest in scientific simulations are extremely varied, making it challenging to develop cross-domain feature definitions. Topology-based techniques offer an extremely flexible means for general feature definitions and have proven useful in a variety of scientific domains. This paper will provide a brief introduction into topological structures like the contour tree and Morse-Smale complex and show how to apply them to define features in different science domains such as combustion. The overall goal is to provide an overview of these powerful techniques and start a discussion how these techniques can aid in the analysis of astrophysical simulations. C1 [Weber, Gunther H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bremer, Peer-Timo] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gyulassy, Attila; Pascucci, Valerio] Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Weber, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No, DE-AC02-05CH11231 through the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program's Visualization and Analytics Center for Enabling Technologies (VACET). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-768-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 444 BP 292 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA BAH66 UT WOS:000304180200044 ER PT J AU Turitsyn, K Backhaus, S Ananyev, M Chertkov, M AF Turitsyn, Konstantin Backhaus, Scott Ananyev, Maxim Chertkov, Michael GP IEEE TI Smart Finite State Devices: A Modeling Framework for Demand Response Technologies SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA AB We introduce and analyze Markov Decision Process (MDP) machines to model individual devices which are expected to participate in future demand-response markets on distribution grids. We differentiate devices into the following four types: (a) optional loads that can be shed, e. g. light dimming; (b) deferrable loads that can be delayed, e. g. dishwashers; (c) controllable loads with inertia, e. g. thermostatically-controlled loads, whose task is to maintain an auxiliary characteristic (temperature) within pre-defined margins; and (d) storage devices that can alternate between charging and generating. Our analysis of the devices seeks to find their optimal price-taking control strategy under a given stochastic model of the distribution market. C1 [Turitsyn, Konstantin] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Backhaus, Scott] LANL, MPA Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ananyev, Maxim] New Econ Sch, Moscow, Russia. [Chertkov, Michael] LANL, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chertkov, Michael] LANL, Theory Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Turitsyn, K (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM turitsyn@mit.edu; backhaus@lanl.gov; maksim.ananjev@gmail.com; chertkov@lanl.gov RI Backhaus, Scott/F-4285-2012; Turitsyn, Konstantin/K-5978-2012; Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015 OI Turitsyn, Konstantin/0000-0002-7997-8962; FU U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The work of MC at LANL was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 7 EP 14 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506200002 ER PT J AU Kalsi, K Chassin, F Chassin, D AF Kalsi, Karanjit Chassin, Forrest Chassin, David GP IEEE TI Aggregated Modeling of Thermostatic Loads in Demand Response: A Systems and Control Perspective SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA AB Demand response is playing an increasingly important role in smart grid research and technologies being examined in recently undertaken demonstration projects. The behavior of load as it is affected by various load control strategies is important to understanding the degree to which different classes of end-use load can contribute to demand response programs at various times. This paper focuses on developing aggregated control models for a homogeneous population of thermostatically controlled loads. The different types of loads considered in this paper include, but are not limited to, water heaters and HVAC units. The effects of demand response and user over-ride on the load population dynamics are investigated. The controllability of the developed lumped models is validated which forms the basis for designing different control strategies. C1 [Kalsi, Karanjit; Chassin, Forrest; Chassin, David] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kalsi, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 15 EP 20 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506200003 ER PT J AU Chertkov, M Stepanov, M Pan, F Baldick, R AF Chertkov, Michael Stepanov, Mikhail Pan, Feng Baldick, Ross GP IEEE TI Exact and Efficient Algorithm to Discover Extreme Stochastic Events in Wind Generation over Transmission Power Grids SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA ID SYSTEMS AB In this manuscript we continue the thread of [M. Chertkov, F. Pan, M. Stepanov, Predicting Failures in Power Grids: The Case of Static Overloads, IEEE Smart Grid 2011] and suggest a new algorithm discovering most probable extreme stochastic events in static power grids associated with intermittent generation of wind turbines. The algorithm becomes EXACT and EFFICIENT (polynomial) in the case of the proportional (or other low parametric) control of standard generation, and log-concave probability distribution of the renewable generation, assumed known from the wind forecast. We illustrate the algorithm's ability to discover problematic extreme events on the example of the IEEE RTS-96 model of transmission with additions of 10%; 20% and 30% of renewable generation. We observe that the probability of failure may grow but it may also decrease with increase in renewable penetration, if the latter is sufficiently diversified and distributed. C1 [Chertkov, Michael] LANL, Div Theory & Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Stepanov, Mikhail] Univ Arizona, Dept Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pan, Feng] Decis Div LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Baldick, Ross] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Chertkov, M (reprint author), LANL, Div Theory & Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chertkov@lanl.gov; stepanov@math.arizona.edu; fpan@lanl.gov; baldick@ece.utexas.edu RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC52-06NA25396]; DTRA/DOD [BRCALL06-Per3-D-2-0022]; NSF [DMS-0807592]; Department of Energy [09EE0001385] FX The work of MC and FP at LANL was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DEAC52-06NA25396. The work of MC, MS and FP was funded in part by DTRA/DOD under the grant BRCALL06-Per3-D-2-0022 on Network Adaptability from WMD Disruption and Cascading Failures. The work of MS is also partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0807592. RB is funded, in part, by the Department of Energy under Contract 09EE0001385. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 2174 EP 2180 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506202127 ER PT J AU Mathieu, JL Callaway, DS Kiliccote, S AF Mathieu, Johanna L. Callaway, Duncan S. Kiliccote, Sila GP IEEE TI Examining Uncertainty in Demand Response Baseline Models and Variability in Automated Responses to Dynamic Pricing SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA ID RETROFIT SAVINGS AB Controlling electric loads to deliver power system services presents a number of interesting challenges. For example, changes in electricity consumption of Commercial and Industrial (C&I) facilities are usually estimated using counterfactual baseline models, and model uncertainty makes it difficult to precisely quantify control responsiveness. Moreover, C&I facilities exhibit variability in their response. This paper seeks to understand baseline model error and demand-side variability in responses to open-loop control signals (i.e. dynamic prices). Using a regression-based baseline model, we define several Demand Response (DR) parameters, which characterize changes in electricity use on DR days, and then present a method for computing the error associated with DR parameter estimates. In addition to analyzing the magnitude of DR parameter error, we develop a metric to determine how much observed DR parameter variability is attributable to real event-to-event variability versus simply baseline model error. Using data from 38 C&I facilities that participated in an automated DR program in California, we find that DR parameter errors are large. For most facilities, observed DR parameter variability is likely explained by baseline model error, not real DR parameter variability; however, a number of facilities exhibit real DR parameter variability. In some cases, the aggregate population of C&I facilities exhibits real DR parameter variability, resulting in implications for the system operator with respect to both resource planning and system stability. C1 [Mathieu, Johanna L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, 4th Floor Collaboratory,Sutardja Dai Hall,MC 1740, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Callaway, Duncan S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kiliccote, Sila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mathieu, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, 4th Floor Collaboratory,Sutardja Dai Hall,MC 1740, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jmathieu@berkeley.edu; dcal@berkeley.edu; skiliccote@lbl.gov FU California Energy Commission (CEC) [500-03-026] FX We thank Phillip Price, Mary Ann Piette, and Ashok Gadgil for great advice and feedback. We also thank PG&E Company for the electric load data. Johanna Mathieu was funded by a UC Berkeley Chancellors Fellowship. Some of this work was conducted at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Sila Kiliccote was funded by the California Energy Commission (CEC) under Contract No. 500-03-026. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 4332 EP 4339 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506204153 ER PT J AU Kiliccote, S Piette, MA Koch, E Hennage, D AF Kiliccote, Sila Piette, Mary Ann Koch, Edward Hennage, Dan GP IEEE TI Utilizing Automated Demand Response in Commercial Buildings as Non-Spinning Reserve Product for Ancillary Services Markets SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA AB In 2009, a pilot program was conducted to investigate the technical feasibility of bidding nonresidential demand response (DR) resources into the California Independent System Operator's (CAISO) day-ahead ancillary services market as non-spinning reserves product. Three facilities, a retail store, a local government office building, and a bakery, were recruited into the pilot program and moved from automated price responsive programs to CAISO's participating load program. For each facility, hourly demand, and load curtailment potential were forecasted two days ahead and submitted to the CAISO the day before the trading day as an available resource. These DR resources were optimized against all other generation resources in the CAISO ancillary services market. Each facility was equipped with four-second real time telemetry equipment to ensure resource accountability and visibility to CAISO operators. When CAISO requests DR resources, OpenADR (Open Automated DR) communications infrastructure was utilized to deliver DR signals to the facilities' energy management and control systems. The pre-programmed DR strategies were triggered without a human in the loop. This paper describes the automated system architecture with detailed description of meter feedback in the DR signaling to maintain demand reduction at the government office building. The results showed that OpenADR infrastructure could be used for some products for the ancillary services market and DR strategies for heating ventilation and air conditioning and lighting provide fast enough response to participate in non-spinning reserve product in the ancillary services market. C1 [Kiliccote, Sila; Piette, Mary Ann] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Demand Response Res Ctr, Energy & Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kiliccote, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Demand Response Res Ctr, Energy & Environm Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-3111, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM skiliccote@lbl.gov; mapiette@lbl.gov; ed@akuacom.com; dan@akuacom.com NR 9 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 4354 EP 4360 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506204156 ER PT J AU Wei, YN Ullah, G Parekh, R Ziburkus, J Schiff, SJ AF Wei, Yina Ullah, Ghanim Parekh, Ruchi Ziburkus, Jokubas Schiff, Steven J. GP IEEE TI Kalman Filter Tracking of Intracellular Neuronal Voltage and Current SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA ID HIPPOCAMPUS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM AB The nervous system encodes and processes information with the activities of neurons. The response of a single neuron is complex and depends on the interactions between its previous state, its intrinsic properties, and the stimuli it receives. Experimentally, we utilize the patch clamp technique to monitor neural membrane voltages, but the underlying stimuli, including the external current or synaptic current from other neurons, cannot be fully observed. In this paper, we used computational models as an alternative to tackle these challenges. We employed an ensemble Kalman filter to reconstruct unobserved intracellular variables and parameters only from measured membrane potentials in a CA1 pyramidal neuron model that follows Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics. We found that the tracking of intracellular neuronal voltage and current was close to their true values whether the observations are from model generated data or real experimental data. In addition, we retrieved the experimentally inaccessible dynamics of the neuron, such as the changes of sodium and potassium gating variables, which helps to understand their roles in generating action potentials. Our study provides a powerful framework for observing dynamics underlying neural activity and seeking better real-time neuronal control. C1 [Wei, Yina; Parekh, Ruchi; Schiff, Steven J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Ctr Neural Engn, 227 Hammond Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ullah, Ghanim] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ziburkus, Jokubas] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Wei, YN (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Ctr Neural Engn, 227 Hammond Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM yxw170@psu.edu; gullah@lanl.gov; ruchisparekh@gmail.com; jziburkus@uh.edu; sschiff@psu.edu OI Ziburkus, Jokubas/0000-0002-1701-4367 FU NIH [R01MH50006, K02MH01493]; endowment funds of Harvey F. Brush FX This work was in part supported by NIH Grants R01MH50006 and K02MH01493, and the endowment funds of Harvey F. Brush. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 5844 EP 5849 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506206076 ER PT J AU Malikopoulos, AA AF Malikopoulos, Andreas A. GP IEEE TI Equilibrium Control Policies for Markov Chains SO 2011 50TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL AND EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (CDC-ECC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th IEEE Conference of Decision and Control (CDC)/European Control Conference (ECC) CY DEC 12-15, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell, MathWorks, United Technol Res Ctr, HYCON2, IEEE, Contrl Syst Soc (CSS), EUCA ID AVERAGE COST CRITERION; DECISION-PROCESSES; OPTIMALITY AB The average cost criterion has held great intuitive appeal and has attracted considerable attention. It is widely employed when controlling dynamic systems that evolve stochastically over time by means of formulating an optimization problem to achieve long-term goals efficiently. The average cost criterion is especially appealing when the decision-making process is long compared to other timescales involved, and there is no compelling motivation to select short-term optimization. This paper addresses the problem of controlling a Markov chain so as to minimize the average cost per unit time. Our approach treats the problem as a dual constrained optimization problem. We derive conditions guaranteeing that a saddle point exists for the new dual problem and we show that this saddle point is an equilibrium control policy for each state of the Markov chain. For practical situations with constraints consistent to those we study here, our results imply that recognition of such saddle points may be of value in deriving in real time an optimal control policy. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Malikopoulos, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM andreas@ornl.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-801-3 PY 2011 BP 7093 EP 7098 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BAA55 UT WOS:000303506207118 ER PT B AU Passy, JC De Marco, O Fryer, CL Herwig, F Diehl, S Oishi, JS Mac Low, MM Bryan, GL Rockefeller, G AF Passy, Jean-Claude De Marco, Orsola Fryer, Chris L. Herwig, Falk Diehl, Steven Oishi, Jeffrey S. Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark Bryan, Greg L. Rockefeller, Gabriel BE Schmidtobreick, L Schreiber, MR Tappert, C TI Simulations of the Common Envelope Interaction Between a Red Giant Branch Star and Low-Mass Companions SO EVOLUTION OF COMPACT BINARIES SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Evolution of Compact Binary Stars CY MAY 06-11, 2011 CL Vina del Mar, CHILE ID HYDRODYNAMICS; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; CODE AB We present three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the fast inspiral phase of the common envelope interaction between a red giant star and a range of companions with different masses. In order to verify the reliability of the numerics we use two different approaches. The code-to-code comparison shows consistent results. We then compare the outcomes of our simulations to post common envelope systems. At the end of the simulations, most of the envelope of the progenitor is still bound to the system and the orbital separations are systematically larger than those observed. We explain what the reasons for this discrepancy might be and how we will proceed with our investigation. C1 [Passy, Jean-Claude; Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, Cent Pk W & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Passy, Jean-Claude; Herwig, Falk] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P5C2, Canada. [De Marco, Orsola] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Fryer, Chris L.; Diehl, Steven; Rockefeller, Gabriel] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Oishi, Jeffrey S.] Stanford Univ, Kavali Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bryan, Greg L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Passy, JC (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, Cent Pk W & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. RI Rockefeller, Gabriel/G-2920-2010 OI Rockefeller, Gabriel/0000-0002-9029-5097 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-774-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 447 BP 107 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAG94 UT WOS:000304125600012 ER PT B AU Linden, T Kalogera, V Sepinsky, J Prestwich, A Zezas, A Gallagher, J AF Linden, Tim Kalogera, Vicky Sepinsky, Jeremy Prestwich, Andrea Zezas, Andreas Gallagher, Jay BE Schmidtobreick, L Schreiber, MR Tappert, C TI The Effect of Common Envelope Evolution on the Formation of High Mass X-Ray Binaries SO EVOLUTION OF COMPACT BINARIES SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Evolution of Compact Binary Stars CY MAY 06-11, 2011 CL Vina del Mar, CHILE ID STELLAR EVOLUTION; BLACK-HOLE; GALAXIES; METALLICITY; POPULATION; MODELS AB Common Envelope (CE) phases serve a critical role in the creation of high mass X-Ray binaries (HMXBs) as the primary force which moves initially loosely bound binary companions into tight orbits capable of supporting efficient material transport onto the compact object. We investigate the impact of CE phases on young (< 20 Myr) and bright (L-x < 1 x 10(36) erg s(-1)) X-ray binaries, finding CE evolution to produce a robust population of HMXBs with luminosities powered by Roche lobe overflow onto black hole accretors. We find that HMXBs formed through CE evolution match the observed luminosity and spatial distribution and metallicity dependence of the peculiar high luminosity extension of HMXBs known as the ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULX). C1 [Linden, Tim] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Linden, Tim] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Part Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kalogera, Vicky] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Sepinsky, Jeremy] Univ Scranton, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, Scranton, PA 18510 USA. [Prestwich, Andrea; Zezas, Andreas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gallagher, Jay] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Linden, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. FU NSF [AST-0449558]; NASA [GO0-11108B/NAS8-03060] FX We acknowledge suport from NSF grant AST-0449558 and NASA GO0-11108B/NAS8-03060 to VK. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-774-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2011 VL 447 BP 121 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BAG94 UT WOS:000304125600015 ER PT S AU Lipnikov, K Manzini, G Svyatskiy, D AF Lipnikov, Konstantin Manzini, Gianmarco Svyatskiy, Daniil BE Fort, J Furst, J Halama, J Herbin, R Hubert, F TI Monotonicity Conditions in the Mimetic Finite Difference Method SO FINITE VOLUMES FOR COMPLEX APPLICATIONS VI: PROBLEMS & PERSPECTIVES, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Springer Proceedings in Mathematics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Finite Volumes for Complex Applications CY JUN 06-10, 2011 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP CMLA ENS Cachan, IFP Energies Nouvelles, IRSN, LATP Univ Aix Marseille I, MOMAS Grp, Univ Paris XIII, Univ Paris Est Marne Vallee, Univ Pierre & Marie Curie DE Mimetic method; discrete maximum principle; M-matrix AB The maximum principle is a major property of solutions of partial differential equations. In this work, we analyze a few constructive algorithms that allow one to embed this property into a mimetic finite difference (MFD) method. The algorithms search in the parametric family of MFD methods for a member that guarantees the discrete maximum principle (DMP). A set of sufficient conditions for the DMP is derived for a few types of meshes. For general meshes, a numerical optimization procedure is proposed and studied numerically. C1 [Lipnikov, Konstantin; Svyatskiy, Daniil] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manzini, Gianmarco] IMATI CNR, CESNA IUSS, Pavia, Italy. RP Lipnikov, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lipnikov@lanl.gov; marco.manzini@imati.cnr.it; dasvyat@lanl.gov OI Manzini, Gianmarco/0000-0003-3626-3112 FU Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematics; Italian MIUR [PRIN2008] FX The work of the first (K.L.) and third author (D.S.) was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematics. The work of the second author (G.M.) was partially supported by the Italian MIUR through the program PRIN2008. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5614 BN 978-3-642-20671-9; 978-3-642-20670-2 J9 SPRINGER PROC MATH PY 2011 VL 4 BP 653 EP + DI 10.1007/978-3-642-20671-9_69 PG 2 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA BAC27 UT WOS:000303780800069 ER PT S AU Lipnikov, K Manzini, G AF Lipnikov, Konstantin Manzini, Gianmarco BE Fort, J Furst, J Halama, J Herbin, R Hubert, F TI Benchmark 3D: Mimetic Finite Difference Method for Generalized Polyhedral Meshes SO FINITE VOLUMES FOR COMPLEX APPLICATIONS VI: PROBLEMS & PERSPECTIVES, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Springer Proceedings in Mathematics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Finite Volumes for Complex Applications CY JUN 06-10, 2011 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP CMLA ENS Cachan, IFP Energies Nouvelles, IRSN, LATP Univ Aix Marseille I, MOMAS Grp, Univ Paris XIII, Univ Paris Est Marne Vallee, Univ Pierre & Marie Curie ID DIFFUSION-PROBLEMS C1 [Lipnikov, Konstantin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manzini, Gianmarco] IMATI CNR, Pavia, Italy. [Manzini, Gianmarco] CESNA IUSS, Pavia, Italy. RP Lipnikov, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lipnikov@lanl.gov; marco.manzini@imati.cnr.it OI Manzini, Gianmarco/0000-0003-3626-3112 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5614 BN 978-3-642-20671-9; 978-3-642-20670-2 J9 SPRINGER PROC MATH PY 2011 VL 4 BP 1035 EP + DI 10.1007/978-3-642-20671-9_101 PG 2 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA BAC27 UT WOS:000303780800101 ER PT S AU Reu, PL AF Reu, Phillip L. BE Burguete, RL Lucas, M Patterson, EA Quinn, S TI High/Ultra-high speed imaging as a diagnostic tool SO ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS VIII SE Applied Mechanics and Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Advances in Experimental Mechanics: Integrating Simulation and Experimentation for Validation CY SEP 07-09, 2011 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Airbus, AMEC Power and Process Europe, AWE, Doosan Babcock, GOM, Imetrum, LA Vision, Photron, Stresstech Grp, Asian Soc Expt Mech, Assoc Francaise Mecan, Canadian Soc Mech Engn, Engn Integr Soc, Forum APPL Mech, Brit Inst Nondestruct Text, European Assoc Expt Mech, UK Forum Engn Struct Integr, German Soc Expt Stress Anal, Inst Mech Engn, Inst Phys, Appl Mech Grp, Japanese Soc Expt Mech, NAFEMS, Italian Assoc Stress Anal DE DIC; high speed imaging; ultra-high speed imaging ID INTENSITY PATTERN NOISE AB The ability to see what is happening during an experiment is often critical to human understanding. High and ultra-high speed cameras have for decades allowed scientists to see these extremely short time-scale events; starting with film cameras and now with digital versions of these cameras. The move to digital cameras has invited the use of computer analysis of the images for obtaining quantitative information well beyond the qualitative usefulness of merely being able to see the event. Digital image correlation (DIC) is one of these powerful and popular quantitative techniques, but by no means the only possible image analysis method. All of these analysis techniques ask more of the camera technology than simply providing images. They require high-quality images that are amenable to analysis and do not introduce error sources that compromise the data. Possible error sources include image noise, image distortions, synchronization and spatial sampling issues. As a minimal starting point, the introduced errors must be well understood in order to put error bounds on the results. This is because in many experiments some result is better than no result; with the caveat that the error sources and the relative confidence of the data are understood. The concepts will be framed in relation to ongoing ultra-high speed work being done at Sandia. A call and challenge will be given to begin thinking in more detail about how to successfully turn these cameras into diagnostic instruments. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reu, PL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM plreu@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-9336 BN 978-3-03785-202-6 J9 APPL MECH MATER PY 2011 VL 70 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/.69 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BZY45 UT WOS:000303372700010 ER PT S AU Albrow, M AF Albrow, Michael BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI Double Pomeron Exchange: from the ISR to the LHC SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE Diffraction; Two-photon; Photoproduction; Double pomeron ID HADRON COLLIDERS; HIGGS AB I discuss Double Pomeron Exchange processes from their first observation at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings, focusing on glueball searches, through the observations of exclusive chi(c0), gamma gamma and di-jets at the Tevatron, to prospects at the LHC for exclusive Higgs boson production. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Albrow, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,Wilson Rd, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601389 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000023 ER PT S AU Chirilli, GA AF Chirilli, Giovanni A. BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI The Photon Impact Factor for DIS at NLO: analytic result SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE High energy; Conformal invariance; Wilson lines ID OPERATOR EXPANSION; BFKL POMERON; SMALL-X; QCD; EVOLUTION; SATURATION; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR AB Using the Operator Product Expansion for high-energy scattering processes, we compute the photon impact factor at next-to-leading order accuracy. We obtain an analytic expression as a linear combination of five independent conformal tensor structures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chirilli, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gchirilli@lbl.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601413 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000047 ER PT S AU Fazio, S AF Fazio, Salvatore BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI DVCS with an EIC/eRHIC SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE DVCS; Vector Mesons; EIC; eRHIC; diffraction ID SMALL-X AB An overview of the status of the diffractive physics program with the future EIC/eRHIC will be given. eRHIC is a machine designed to collide an electron beam with energies ranging from 5 GeV up to 20 (30) GeV with a hadron beam (protons, nuclei) at an energy, which can be varied from 50 GeV up to 325 GeV. The high luminosity of the machine, expected in the order of 10(34) cm(-2)s(-1), will open the opportunity for very high precision measurements. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11976 USA. RP Fazio, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510, Upton, NY 11976 USA. RI Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601436 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000070 ER PT S AU Guryn, W AF Guryn, Wlodek CA STAR Collaboration BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI Present and Future of Central Production With STAR Detector at RHIC SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE Exotic mesons; Glueballs; Central production; Double Pomeron Exchange ID POMERON; COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; MESON AB The present status and future of the physics program of Central Production using the STAR detector at RHIC are described. The program focuses on particle production in the Double Pomeron Exchange (DPE) process. Forward protons from the DPE interaction are detected in the Roman Pot system installed at 55.5 m and 58.5 m on both sides of the STAR interaction point. The recoil system of charged particles from the DPE process is measured in the STAR Time Projection Chamber (TPC). The first data were taken during the 2009 RHIC Run 9 using polarized proton-proton collisions at root s = 200 GeV. The preliminary spectra of two pion and four pion invariant mass reconstructed by STAR TPC in central region of pseudo-rapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1, are presented. Plans to take data with the current system at root s = 500 GeV and plans to upgrade the forward proton tagging system, so that it can reach higher masses and obtain large data samples to allow searching for glueballs that could be produced in the DPE process, are also discussed. C1 [Guryn, Wlodek; STAR Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Guryn, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601385 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000019 ER PT S AU Musch, BU Hagler, P Negele, JW Schafer, A AF Musch, B. U. Haegler, Ph. Negele, J. W. Schaefer, A. BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI Transverse momentum distributions inside the nucleon from lattice QCD SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE transverse momentum; parton distribution functions; lattice; QCD ID PARTON DISTRIBUTION; LEPTOPRODUCTION; HADRON AB We study transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) with non-local operators in lattice QCD, using MILC/LHPC lattices. Results obtained with a simplified operator geometry show visible dipole deformations of spin-dependent quark momentum densities. C1 [Musch, B. U.; Haegler, Ph.; Negele, J. W.; Schaefer, A.] Jefferson Lab, Ctr Theory, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Musch, BU (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Ctr Theory, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU Emmy-Noether program; DFG [SFB/TRR- 55]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-94ER40818]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC05- 06OR23177]; U.S. Government FX We are grateful to the LHP and MILC collaborations, for providing us gauge configurations and propagators. We thank Vladimir Braun, Meinulf Gockeler, Gunnar Bali, Markus Diehl, Alexei Bazavov, and Dru Renner for helpful discussions. Our software uses the Chroma-library [20], and we use USQCD computing resources at Jefferson Lab. We acknowledge support by the Emmy-Noether program and the cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe of the DFG (Ph.H. and B.M.), SFB/TRR- 55 (A.S.) and the US Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-94ER40818 (J.N.). Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05- 06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601431 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000065 ER PT S AU Prokudin, A AF Prokudin, Alexei BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI Electron Ion Collider transverse spin physics SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE Transverse Momentum Dependent distributions; Spin Asymmetries; Semi Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering ID DISTRIBUTIONS; ASYMMETRIES; SCATTERING; NUCLEON; MODEL AB Electron Ion Collider is a future high energy facility for studies of the structure of the nucleon. Three-dimensional parton structure is one of the main goals of EIC. In momentum space Transverse Momentum Dependent Distributions (TMDs) are the key ingredients to map such a structure. At leading twist spin structure of spin-1/2 hadron can be described by 8 TMDs. Experimentally these functions can be studied in polarised SIDIS experiments. We discuss Sivers distribution function that describes distribution of unpolarised quarks in a transversely polarised nucleon and transversity that measures distribution of transversely polarised quarks in a transversely polarised nucleon. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Prokudin, A (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM prokudin@jlab.org NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601435 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000069 ER PT S AU White, SN AF White, Sebastian N. BE Capua, M Fiore, R Ivanov, I Papa, A Soffer, J Tassi, E TI Very Forward Calorimetry at the LHC - Recent results from ATLAS SO DIFFRACTION 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DIFFRACTION IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics (DIFFRACTION) CY SEP 10-15, 2010 CL Otranto, ITALY SP Univ della Calabria, Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Temple Univ, CERN, DESY, Provincia Lecce, Univ Calabria, Phys Dept DE very forward calorimetry AB We present first results from the ATLAS Zero Degree Calorimeters (ZDC) based on 7 TeV pp collision data recorded in 2010. The ZDC coverage of +/- similar to 350 mu rad about the forward direction makes possible the measurement of neutral particles (primarily pi(0)'s and neutrons) over the kinematic region x(F) greater than or similar to 0.1 and out to p(T) less than or similar to 1.2 GeV/c at large x(F). The ATLAS ZDC is unique in that it provides a complete image of both electromagnetic and hadronic showers. This is illustrated with the reconstruction of pi(0)'s with energies of 0.7-3.5 TeV. We also discuss the waveform reconstruction algorithm which has allowed good time-of-flight resolution on leading neutrons emerging from the collisions despite the sparse (40 MHz) sampling of the calorimeter signals used. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP White, SN (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0907-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1350 DI 10.1063/1.3601384 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT92 UT WOS:000302953000018 ER PT S AU Semertzidis, YK AF Semertzidis, Yannis K. BE DiDomenico, A Bini, C Bloise, C Bossi, F Faccini, R Gauzzi, P Isidori, G Lipari, P Ludovici, L Silvestrini, L TI Review of EDM experiments SO DISCRETE 2010: SYMPOSIUM ON PROSPECTS IN THE PHYSICS OF DISCRETE SYMMETRIES SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries (DISCRETE) CY DEC 06-11, 2010 CL Sapienza Univ Roma, Rome, ITALY SP Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CAEN S.p.A. HO Sapienza Univ Roma ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE-MOMENT; NEUTRON; ATOM; INVARIANCE; VIOLATION; SEARCH AB The current limits on physics beyond the SM come in large part from the non-observation of EDMs in the sensitive electric dipole moment experiments, like the neutron, Hg-199, and Tl-205. New systems with enhanced EDM sensitivity are coming online and promise a resolution of the baryon asymmetry of our universe (if an EDM is observed) or a severe constraint on physics beyond the SM by the end of the current decade. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Semertzidis, YK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yannis@bnl.gov NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 335 AR 012012 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/335/1/012012 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZD67 UT WOS:000301184800012 ER PT J AU Searcy, EM Blackwelder, DB Delwiche, ME Ray, AE Kenney, KL AF Searcy, Erin M. Blackwelder, D. Brad Delwiche, Mark E. Ray, Allison E. Kenney, Kevin L. TI Impact of Screening on Behavior during Storage and Cost of Ground Small-Diameter Pine Trees: A Case Study SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FOREST RESIDUES; WOOD FUEL; QUALITY AB Whole comminuted trees are known to self-heat and undergo quality changes during storage. Trommel screening after grinding is a process that removes fines from the screened material and removes a large proportion of high-ash, high-nutrient material. In this study, the trade-off between an increase in preprocessing cost from trommel screening and an increase in quality of the screened material was examined. Fresh lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) was comminuted using a drum grinder with a 10-cm screen, and the resulting material was distributed into separate fines and overs piles. A third pile of unscreened material, the unsorted pile, was also examined. The three piles exhibited different characteristics during a 6-week storage period. The overs pile was much slower to heat. The overs pile reached a maximum temperature of 56.8 degrees C, which was lower than the maximum reached by the other two piles (65.9 degrees C and 63.4 degrees C for the unsorted and fines, respectively). The overs also cooled faster and dried to a more uniform moisture content and had a lower ash content than the other two piles. Both piles of sorted material exhibited improved airflow and more drying than the unsorted material. Looking at supply system costs from preprocessing through in-feed into thermochemical conversion, this study found that trommel screening reduced system costs by over $3.50 per dry matter ton and stabilized material during storage. C1 [Searcy, Erin M.; Delwiche, Mark E.; Ray, Allison E.; Kenney, Kevin L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Blackwelder, D. Brad] Caribou Targhee Natl Forest, Pocatello, ID USA. RP Searcy, EM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM Erin.Searcy@inl.gov; dbblackwelder@fs.fed.us; Mark.Delwiche@inl.gov; Allison.Ray@inl.gov; Kevin.Kenney@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Gary Wilcox and his staff at Wilcox Brothers Logging for harvesting, collecting, and preprocessing the biomass used in this study. The authors are also appreciative of the help from several people at INL, including David Combs for graphics work, Leslie Ovard and Bill Smith for technical editing, Jacob Jacobson for cost determination, and Manunya Phanphanich for data interpretation consultation. The authors thank Jeremy Eaton and Ian Bonner for laboratory analysis and the US Department of Energy for providing funding for the project. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2011 VL 61 IS 7 BP 570 EP 578 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 932QS UT WOS:000303306200009 ER PT S AU Kasahara, K Nakai, M Shimizu, Y Suzuki, T Torii, S Yoshida, K Tamura, T Fukatsu, K Itow, Y Kawade, K Mase, T Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Mitsuka, G Sako, T Suzuki, K Taki, K Menjo, H Muraki, Y Haguenauer, M Turner, WC Adriani, O Bonechi, L Bongi, M Castellini, G D'Alessandro, R Grandi, M Papini, P Ricciarini, S Noda, K Tricomi, A Faus, A Velasco, J Macina, D Perrot, AL AF Kasahara, K. Nakai, M. Shimizu, Y. Suzuki, T. Torii, S. Yoshida, K. Tamura, T. Fukatsu, K. Itow, Y. Kawade, K. Mase, T. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Mitsuka, G. Sako, T. Suzuki, K. Taki, K. Menjo, H. Muraki, Y. Haguenauer, M. Turner, W. C. Adriani, O. Bonechi, L. Bongi, M. Castellini, G. D'Alessandro, R. Grandi, M. Papini, P. Ricciarini, S. Noda, K. Tricomi, A. Faus, A. Velasco, J. Macina, D. Perrot, A-L. BE Sagawa, H Kawasaki, Y Sako, T Takeda, M Tsunesada, Y TI First year results from LHCf SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE RECENT PROGRESS OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY OBSERVATION SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Recent Progress of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation CY DEC 10-12, 2010 CL Aichi, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res (ICRR), Nagoya Univ GCOE Program, Osaka City Univ GCOE Program, Tokyo Inst Technol GCOE Program DE LHC; ultra high energy cosmic rays; air shower MC simulation ID COSMIC-RAY CASCADES; SIMULATION; COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; SPECTRA; QGSJET AB We give a brief description of the purpose of the LHCf experiment, detectors and their performance, and what has been done in the first year experiment. A short summary of results at root s = 900 GeV is given although the energy is not an "intrinsic" LHC energy. Since detailed results at root s = 7 TeV will appear soon elsewhere, here we limit ourselves to giving also a brief account of what will come in that paper. C1 [Kasahara, K.; Nakai, M.; Shimizu, Y.; Suzuki, T.; Torii, S.] Waseda Univ, RISE, Tokyo, Japan. [Yoshida, K.] Shibaura Inst Technol, Shibaura, Japan. [Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Kanagawa, Japan. [Fukatsu, K.; Itow, Y.; Kawade, K.; Mase, T.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Mitsuka, G.; Sako, T.; Suzuki, K.; Taki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terrestrial Environ Lab, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Menjo, H.] Nagoya Univ, Kobasashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Konan, Japan. [Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Turner, W. C.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Castellini, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Grandi, M.; Papini, P.; Ricciarini, S.] INFN, Florence, Italy. [D'Alessandro, R.] Univ Studi Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Castellini, G.] IFAC, CNR, Florence, Italy. [Noda, K.] INFN, Catania, Italy. [Faus, A.; Velasco, J.] Univ Valencia, IFTC, Valencia, Spain. [Macina, D.; Perrot, A-L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Kasahara, K (reprint author), Waseda Univ, RISE, Tokyo, Japan. RI Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015; OI Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937; Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno/0000-0001-6176-3368; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan; Mitsubishi Foundation in Japan; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); [16403003]; [20340058]; [5077205]; [1733004]; [19012003]; [18740141] FX We thank all the related staff of CERN for the successful operation of LHCf. This work is partly supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B:16403003,20340058), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (Highest Cosmic Rays: 15077205, 1733004, 19012003) and Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B:18740141), by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. This work is also partially supported by the Mitsubishi Foundation in Japan and by Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. The receipt of a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowship (H.M.) is also acknowledged. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0927-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1367 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1063/1.3628716 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT58 UT WOS:000302915300011 ER PT S AU Othman, MA Allen, C Belz, J Besson, D Farhang-Boroujeny, B Ikeda, D Kunwar, S Lundquist, JP Kravchenko, I Myers, I Nakamura, T Sagawa, H Sokolsky, P Takai, H Terasawa, T Thomson, GB AF Othman, M. Abou Bakr Allen, C. Belz, J. Besson, D. Farhang-Boroujeny, B. Ikeda, D. Kunwar, S. Lundquist, J. P. Kravchenko, I. Myers, I. Nakamura, T. Sagawa, H. Sokolsky, P. Takai, H. Terasawa, T. Thomson, G. B. BE Sagawa, H Kawasaki, Y Sako, T Takeda, M Tsunesada, Y TI Air Shower Detection by Bistatic Radar SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE RECENT PROGRESS OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY OBSERVATION SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Recent Progress of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation CY DEC 10-12, 2010 CL Aichi, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res (ICRR), Nagoya Univ GCOE Program, Osaka City Univ GCOE Program, Tokyo Inst Technol GCOE Program DE Extensive Air Showers; Radar AB Progress in the field of high-energy cosmic rays is currently limited by the rarity of the most interesting rays striking the Earth. Indeed, the continuation of the field beyond the current generation of observatories may become financially and practically impossible if new ways are not found to achieve remote coverage over large portions of the Earth's surface. We describe the development of an observatory based on such a new technique: the remote sensing via bistatic radar technology of cosmic ray induced extensive air showers. We build on pilot studies performed by MARIACHI which have demonstrated that air shower radar echoes are detectable, the opportunity afforded by the location of the Northern Hemisphere's largest "conventional" cosmic ray observatory (The Telescope Array) in radio-quiet western Utah, and the donation of analog television transmission equipment to this effort by a local television station. C1 [Othman, M. Abou Bakr; Belz, J.; Farhang-Boroujeny, B.; Lundquist, J. P.; Myers, I.; Sokolsky, P.; Thomson, G. B.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Allen, C.; Besson, D.; Kunwar, S.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Ikeda, D.; Nakamura, T.; Sagawa, H.; Terasawa, T.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. [Kravchenko, I.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Takai, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Othman, MA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RI Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Lundquist, Jon Paul/0000-0002-4245-5092 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-0969865] FX We acknowledge the support of U.S. National Science Foundation grant PHY-0969865, and our colleagues in the Telescope Array collaboration. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0927-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1367 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1063/1.3628731 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT58 UT WOS:000302915300026 ER PT S AU Mase, T Adriani, O Bonechi, L Bongi, M Castellini, G D'Alessandro, R Fukatsu, K Haguenauer, M Itow, Y Kasahara, K Kawade, K Macina, D Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Menjo, H Mitsuka, G Muraki, Y Nakai, M Noda, K Papini, P Perrot, AL Ricciarini, S Sako, T Shimizu, Y Suzuki, K Suzuki, T Taki, K Tamura, T Torii, S Tricomi, A Turner, WC Yoshida, K AF Mase, T. Adriani, O. Bonechi, L. Bongi, M. Castellini, G. D'Alessandro, R. Fukatsu, K. Haguenauer, M. Itow, Y. Kasahara, K. Kawade, K. Macina, D. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Menjo, H. Mitsuka, G. Muraki, Y. Nakai, M. Noda, K. Papini, P. Perrot, A. -L. Ricciarini, S. Sako, T. Shimizu, Y. Suzuki, K. Suzuki, T. Taki, K. Tamura, T. Torii, S. Tricomi, A. Turner, W. C. Yoshida, K. BE Sagawa, H Kawasaki, Y Sako, T Takeda, M Tsunesada, Y TI The performance of the LHCf detector SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE RECENT PROGRESS OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY OBSERVATION SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Recent Progress of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation CY DEC 10-12, 2010 CL Aichi, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res (ICRR), Nagoya Univ GCOE Program, Osaka City Univ GCOE Program, Tokyo Inst Technol GCOE Program DE high-energy cosmic-ray; hadron interaction model; LHC AB The LHCf experiment is designed to measure energies and transverse momenta of neutral particles emitted in the forward region of root s=14 TeV p-p collision at +/- 140m away from the interaction point1 (IP1) of LHC. The energy resolution is confirm to be within 5% and the position resolution is better than 0.2 mm for gamma-rays with energies from 100 GeV to 200 GeV by the test beam results at the CERN-SPS. LHCf has taken data at 2009 and 2010 at root s = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collision. A brief summary of LHCf operation at LHC is also reported here. C1 [Mase, T.; Fukatsu, K.; Itow, Y.; Kawade, K.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Mitsuka, G.; Sako, T.; Suzuki, K.; Taki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Bongi, M.; Papini, P.] INFN Sezione, Florence, Italy. [Castellini, G.; Muraki, Y.; Tricomi, A.] INFN Sezione, IFAC CNR, Florence, Italy. [Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytechn, Palaiseau, France. [Kasahara, K.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Macina, D.; Perrot, A. -L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Shimizu, Y.] Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Noda, K.; Turner, W. C.] INFN Sezione Catania, Catania, Italy. [Ricciarini, S.] INFN Sezione Firenze, CSFNSM, Florence, Italy. [Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Turner, W. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Turner, W. C.] Shibaura Inst Technol, Saitama, Japan. RP Mase, T (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. RI Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015; OI Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937; Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno/0000-0001-6176-3368; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0927-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1367 BP 216 EP 219 DI 10.1063/1.3628749 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT58 UT WOS:000302915300044 ER PT S AU Kawade, K Suzuki, T Adriani, O Bonechi, L Bongi, M Castellini, G D'Alessandro, R Fukatsu, K Haguenauer, M Itow, Y Kasahara, K Macina, D Mase, T Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Menjo, H Mitsuka, G Muraki, Y Nakai, M Noda, K Papini, P Perrot, AL Ricciarini, S Sako, T Shimizu, Y Suzuki, K Taki, K Tamura, T Torii, S Tricomi, A Turner, WC Yoshida, K AF Kawade, K. Suzuki, T. Adriani, O. Bonechi, L. Bongi, M. Castellini, G. D'Alessandro, R. Fukatsu, K. Haguenauer, M. Itow, Y. Kasahara, K. Macina, D. Mase, T. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Menjo, H. Mitsuka, G. Muraki, Y. Nakai, M. Noda, K. Papini, P. Perrot, A. -L. Ricciarini, S. Sako, T. Shimizu, Y. Suzuki, K. Taki, K. Tamura, T. Torii, S. Tricomi, A. Turner, W. C. Yoshida, K. BE Sagawa, H Kawasaki, Y Sako, T Takeda, M Tsunesada, Y TI Study of GSO scintillator for the LHCf upgrade SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE RECENT PROGRESS OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY OBSERVATION SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Recent Progress of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation CY DEC 10-12, 2010 CL Aichi, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res (ICRR), Nagoya Univ GCOE Program, Osaka City Univ GCOE Program, Tokyo Inst Technol GCOE Program DE GSO scintillator; Radiation; LHCf; UHECR AB The GSO scintillator has a very excellent radiation resistance, fast decay time and large amounts of light yield. Because of these features,GSO will be used to upgrade the current LHCf detector. We examined the features of GSO by using heavy ion beam at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chib a (HIMAC) Japan. The linearity of PMT R7400 for the large light yield of GSO with a Xe-132 beam and the radiation hardness with a C-12 beam were measured. As a result, GSO scintillator showed a good linearity up to the signal corresponding to 6 TeV EM-shower maximum in the LHCf detector, and a good radiation hardness up to 7x10(5) Gy. For the LHCf Arm1 detector, small scaled GSO crystals (GSO bars), have been fabricated for the position determination detector. 5 GSO bars have been manufactured and its performance have been evaluated using C-12 beam. It slight yield and position dependency have been evaluated. C1 [Kawade, K.; Suzuki, T.; Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Castellini, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Fukatsu, K.; Haguenauer, M.; Itow, Y.; Kasahara, K.; Macina, D.; Mase, T.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Menjo, H.; Mitsuka, G.; Muraki, Y.; Nakai, M.; Noda, K.; Papini, P.; Perrot, A. -L.; Ricciarini, S.; Sako, T.; Shimizu, Y.; Suzuki, K.; Taki, K.; Tamura, T.; Torii, S.; Tricomi, A.; Turner, W. C.; Yoshida, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Suzuki, T.; Kasahara, K.; Nakai, M.; Torii, S.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; D'Alessandro, R.] Universita Stud Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; D'Alessandro, R.; Menjo, H.; Papini, P.] INFN Sezione Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Castellini, G.] INFN Sezione Firenz, IFAC CNR, Florence, Italy. [Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytech, Palaiseau, France. [Macina, D.; Perrot, A. -L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Noda, K.; Tricomi, A.] INFN Sezione Catania, Catania, Italy. [Ricciarini, S.] NFN Sezione Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ricciarini, S.] CSFNSM, Catania, Italy. [Shimizu, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tokyo, Japan. [Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Turner, W. C.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Yoshida, K.] Shibaura Inst Technol, Saitama, Japan. RP Kawade, K (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. RI Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015; OI Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937; Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895; Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno/0000-0001-6176-3368; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643 FU MEXT of Japan FX We thank all the related staff of NIRS for the succeed of this experiment. This work is partly supported by Grantin-Aid for Scientific Research by MEXT of Japan. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0927-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1367 BP 220 EP 223 DI 10.1063/1.3628750 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZT58 UT WOS:000302915300045 ER PT S AU Shugart, KN Ludtka, GM Mackiewicz-Ludkta, G Soffa, WA AF Shugart, K. N. Ludtka, G. M. Mackiewicz-Ludkta, G. Soffa, W. A. BE Brechet, Y Clouet, E Deschamps, A Finel, A Soisson, F TI Exchange Coupling Nanophase Fe-Pd Ferromagnets Through Solid State Transformation SO SOLID-SOLID PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN INORGANIC MATERIALS, PTS 1-2 SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials (PTM 2010) CY JUN 06-11, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP Mat & Process Sci & Engn Lab, CEA, Tranverse Programme Adv Mat, French Aerospace Lab, Inst Chem, Natl Ctr Sci Res, French Phase Field Network, Lab Etude Microstructures DE Combined reactions; exchange coupling; nanocomposite; L1(0) ferromagnets ID COERCIVITY; MAGNETS AB This study continues previous work on off-stoichiometric Fe-Pd alloys using a combined reaction strategy during thermomechanical processing [1,2]. Severe plastic deformation of the initial disordered fcc gamma phase (gamma) of compostion Fe-35at.%Pd, followed by heat treatment in the two phase field produces a nano-composite ferromagnet comprised of soft alpha phase/ferrite (alpha) in a high-anisotropy L1(0) FePd matrix. The length scale and morphology of the transformation products have been characterized using x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The transformed microstructures exhibit strong texture retention similar to the stoichiometric alloy suggesting a massive ordering mode. The alloy has shown a proclivity to exchange couple at a length scale not in agreement with proposed theories of exchange coupling [3,4]. The magnetic properties were measured using standard vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). This research has been supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF-DMR). C1 [Shugart, K. N.; Soffa, W. A.] Univ Virginia, POB 400745, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Ludtka, G. M.; Mackiewicz-Ludkta, G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shugart, KN (reprint author), Univ Virginia, POB 400745, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM kns9a@virginia.edu; ludtkagm1@ornl.gov; ludtkagm@ornl.gov; was2n@virginia.edu OI Shugart, Kathleen/0000-0003-0206-5476 FU National Science Foundation- Division of Materials Research [706446]; University of Virginia FX The authors would like to thank the National Science Foundation- Division of Materials Research, Grant # 706446, for its support. All materials characterization was done at the Nanoscale Materials Characterization Facility in the Department of Materials Science at the University of Virginia. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2011 VL 172-174 BP 273 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.172-174.273 PN 1 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZY35 UT WOS:000303359700043 ER PT S AU Hackenberg, RE Volz, HM Papin, PA Kelly, AM Forsyth, RT Tucker, TJ Clarke, KD AF Hackenberg, Robert E. Volz, Heather M. Papin, Pallas A. Kelly, Ann M. Forsyth, Robert T. Tucker, Tim J. Clarke, Kester D. BE Brechet, Y Clouet, E Deschamps, A Finel, A Soisson, F TI Kinetics of Lamellar Decomposition Reactions in U-Nb Alloys SO SOLID-SOLID PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN INORGANIC MATERIALS, PTS 1-2 SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials (PTM 2010) CY JUN 06-11, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP Mat & Process Sci & Engn Lab, CEA, Tranverse Programme Adv Mat, French Aerospace Lab, Inst Chem, Natl Ctr Sci Res, French Phase Field Network, Lab Etude Microstructures DE Cellular Transformation; Discontinuous Precipitation; Discontinuous Coarsening ID CELLULAR PRECIPITATE; GROWTH-KINETICS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; NIOBIUM ALLOYS; URANIUM; EUTECTOIDS; PHASE C1 [Hackenberg, Robert E.; Volz, Heather M.; Papin, Pallas A.; Kelly, Ann M.; Forsyth, Robert T.; Tucker, Tim J.; Clarke, Kester D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hackenberg, RE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Mail Stop G770,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM roberth@lanl.gov; hvolz@lanl.gov; papin@lanl.gov; akelly@lanl.gov; rforsyth@lanl.gov; tjtucker@lanl.gov; kclarke@lanl.gov OI Hackenberg, Robert/0000-0002-0380-5723 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2011 VL 172-174 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.172-174.555 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZY35 UT WOS:000303359700086 ER PT S AU Farrow, A Laird, C AF Farrow, Adam Laird, Campbell BE Brechet, Y Clouet, E Deschamps, A Finel, A Soisson, F TI Precipitation in Solution-Treated Al-4wt%Cu under Cyclic Strain SO SOLID-SOLID PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN INORGANIC MATERIALS, PTS 1-2 SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials (PTM 2010) CY JUN 06-11, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP Mat & Process Sci & Engn Lab, CEA, Tranverse Programme Adv Mat, French Aerospace Lab, Inst Chem, Natl Ctr Sci Res, French Phase Field Network, Lab Etude Microstructures DE Aluminum; Fatigue; Precipitation; Diffusion; Vacancy ID ALUMINUM; DIFFUSION; COPPER; ALLOY AB Solution-treated Al-4wt%Cu was strain-cycled at ambient temperature and above and the precipitation behavior investigated by TEM. In the temperature range 100 degrees C to 200 degrees C precipitation of Theta '' appears to have been suppressed and precipitation of Theta' promoted via cyclic strain. Anomalously rapid growth of precipitates appears to have been facilitated by a vacancy supersaturation generated by dislocation motion, with a diminishing effect observed at higher temperatures due to the faster recovery of non-equilibrium vacancy concentrations. Theta' precipitates generated under cyclic strain are considerably smaller and more finely dispersed than those typically produced via quench-aging due to their heterogeneous nucleation on dislocations, and possess a low aspect ratio and rounded edges of the broad faces due to the introduction of ledges into the growing precipitates by dislocation cutting. Frequency effects indicate that dislocation motion, rather than the extremely small precipitate size, is responsible for the observed reduction in aspect ratio. Accelerated formation of grain boundary precipitates appears partially responsible for rapid intergranular fatigue failure following cycling at elevated temperatures, producing fatigue striations and ductile dimples coexistent on the fracture surface. C1 [Farrow, Adam] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Laird, Campbell] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Farrow, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM afarrow@lanl.gov; laird@seas.upenn.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2011 VL 172-174 BP 715 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.172-174.715 PN 1 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZY35 UT WOS:000303359700110 ER PT S AU Martinez, E Fu, CC Levesque, M Nastar, M Soisson, F AF Martinez, E. Fu, C. -C. Levesque, M. Nastar, M. Soisson, F. BE Brechet, Y Clouet, E Deschamps, A Finel, A Soisson, F TI Simulations of decomposition kinetics of Fe-Cr solid solutions during thermal aging SO SOLID-SOLID PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN INORGANIC MATERIALS, PTS 1-2 SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials (PTM 2010) CY JUN 06-11, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP Mat & Process Sci & Engn Lab, CEA, Tranverse Programme Adv Mat, French Aerospace Lab, Inst Chem, Natl Ctr Sci Res, French Phase Field Network, Lab Etude Microstructures DE Precipitation Kinetics; Fe-Cr alloys; Monte Carlo simulations ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ALLOYS AB The decomposition of Fe-Cr solid solutions during thermal aging is modeled by Atomistic Kinetic Monte Carlo (AKMC) simulations, using a rigid lattice approximation with composition dependant pair interactions that can reproduce the change of sign of the mixing energy with the alloy composition. The interactions are fitted on ab initio mixing energies and on the experimental phase diagram, as well as on the migration barriers in iron and chromium rich phases. Simulated kinetics is compared with 3D atom probe and neutron scattering experiments. C1 [Martinez, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, EFRC, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Martinez, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, EFRC, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM enriquem@lanl.gov; chuchun.fu@cea.fr; maximilen.levesque@cea.fr; maylise.nastar@cea.fr; frederic.soisson@cea.fr; frederic.soisson@cea.fr RI soisson, frederic/B-2917-2009; Fu, Chu-Chun/L-5046-2016; OI soisson, frederic/0000-0001-6435-6119; Fu, Chu-Chun/0000-0003-4369-8296; Levesque, Maximilien/0000-0003-1757-5225 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2011 VL 172-174 BP 1016 EP 1021 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.172-174.1016 PN 1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZY35 UT WOS:000303359700158 ER PT S AU Rohwer, LES Chu, D AF Rohwer, Lauren E. S. Chu, Dahwey GP IEEE TI Thin Gold to Gold Bonding for Flip Chip Applications SO 2011 IEEE 61ST ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (ECTC) SE Electronic Components and Technology Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 61st Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) CY MAY 31-JUN 03, 2011 CL Lake Buena Vista, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc (CPMT) ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; PROCESS WINDOWS; WIRE AB We have demonstrated a solderless flip chip bonding process that utilizes electroless nickel / palladium, immersion gold pad metallization. This mask-less process enables higher interconnect densities than can be achieved with standard solder bump reflow. The thin (100nm) immersion gold surfaces were coated with dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayers. Strong gold to gold bonds were formed at 185 degrees C with shear strengths that exceed Mil-Std 883 requirements. Gold stud bumps are also promising for flip chip applications, and can be bonded at 150 degrees C when the gold surfaces are properly pre-treated - dilute piranha solution, argon plasma, and dodecanethiol SAM treatments work equally well. C1 [Rohwer, Lauren E. S.; Chu, Dahwey] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rohwer, LES (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-0892, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM leshea@sandia.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0569-5503 BN 978-1-61284-498-5 J9 ELEC COMP C PY 2011 BP 907 EP 910 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZP73 UT WOS:000302341400137 ER PT S AU Chanchani, R Nordquist, CD Olsson, RH Peterson, T Shul, R Ahlers, C Plut, TA Patrizi, GA AF Chanchani, Rajen Nordquist, Christopher D. Olsson, Roy H., III Peterson, Tracy Shul, Randy Ahlers, Catalina Plut, Thomas A. Patrizi, Gary A. GP IEEE TI A New Wafer-Level Packaging Technology for MEMS with Hermetic Micro-Environment SO 2011 IEEE 61ST ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (ECTC) SE Electronic Components and Technology Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 61st Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) CY MAY 31-JUN 03, 2011 CL Lake Buena Vista, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc (CPMT) AB We report a new wafer-level packaging technology for miniature MEMS in a hermetic micro-environment. The unique and new feature of this technology is that it only uses low cost wafer-level processes such as eutectic bonding, Bosch etching and mechanical lapping and thinning steps as compared to more expensive process steps that will be required in other alternative wafer-level technologies involving thru-silicon vias or membrane lids. We have demonstrated this technology by packaging silicon-based AlN microsensors in packages of size 1.3 x 1.3 mm(2) and 200 micrometer thick. Our initial cost analysis has shown that when mass produced with high yields, this device will cost $0.10 to $0.90. The technology involves first preparing the lid and MEMS wafers separately with the sealring metal stack of Ti/Pt/Au on the MEMS wafers and Ti/Pt/Au/Ge/Au on the lid wafers. On the MEMS wafers, the Signal/Power/Ground interconnections to the wire-bond pads are isolated from the sealring metallization by an insulating AlN layer. Prior to bonding, the lid wafers were Bosch-etched in the wirebond pad area by 120 mu m and in the center hermetic device cavity area by 20 mu m. The MEMS and the lid wafers were then aligned and bonded in vacuum or in a nitrogen environment at or above the Au-Ge Eutectic temperature, 363 degrees C. The bonded wafers were then thinned and polished first on the MEMS side and then on the lid side. The MEMS side was thinned to 100 mu ms with a nearly scratch-free and crack-free surface. The lid side was similarly thinned to 100 mu ms exposing the wire-bond pads. After thinning, a 100 mu m thick lid remained over the MEMS features providing a 20 mu m high hermetic microenvironment. Thinned MEMS/Lid wafer-level assemblies were then sawed into individual devices. These devices can be integrated into the next-level assembly either by wire-bonding or by surface mounting. The wafer-level packaging approach developed in this project demonstrated RF Feedthroughs with <0.3 dB insertion loss and adequate RF performance through 2 GHz. Pressure monitoring Pirani structures built inside the hermetic lids have demonstrated the ability to detect leaks in the package. In our preliminary development experiments, we have demonstrated >50% hermetic yields. C1 [Chanchani, Rajen; Nordquist, Christopher D.; Olsson, Roy H., III; Peterson, Tracy; Shul, Randy; Ahlers, Catalina; Plut, Thomas A.; Patrizi, Gary A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chanchani, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM chanchr@sandia.gov NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0569-5503 BN 978-1-61284-498-5 J9 ELEC COMP C PY 2011 BP 1604 EP 1609 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZP73 UT WOS:000302341400243 ER PT S AU Nygren, D AF Nygren, David BE Irastorza, IG Scholberg, K Colas, P Giomataris, I TI Can the "intrinsic" energy resolution in xenon be surpassed? SO 5TH SYMPOSIUM ON LARGE TPCS FOR LOW ENERGY RARE EVENT DETECTION AND WORKSHOP ON NEUTRINOS FROM SUPERNOVAE SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on Large TPCs for Low Energy Rare Event Detection/Workshop on Neutrinos from Supernovae CY DEC 14-17, 2010 CL Paris, FRANCE SP CEA/IRFU, CNRS/IN2P3, Univ Zaragoza, ETH-Zurich ID HIGH-PRESSURE XENON; PROPORTIONAL SCINTILLATION COUNTER; DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; LIGHT-EMISSION; DRIFT CHAMBER; GAS; MIXTURES; XE-136; DETECTORS; SEARCH AB Energy resolution is determined by fluctuations in the transformation of deposited energy to ionization and excitation. For noble gases, adding a molecular impurity that introduces a strong Penning effect reduces the Fano factor, improving energy resolution. I show that in xenon, adding trimethylamine (TMA) may provide a strong Penning effect and also permit electroluminescence (EL) at wavelengths characteristic of TMA. This combination may permit a large TPC to be operated with better than "intrinsic" energy resolution in the search for neutrino-less double beta decay in Xe-136. This path is being explored within the context of the NEXT collaboration. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nygren, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM drnygren@lbl.gov NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2011 VL 309 AR 012006 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/309/1/012006 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BZV33 UT WOS:000303044900006 ER PT S AU Tsoupas, N AF Tsoupas, Nicholaos BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Uniform Beam Distributions Of Charged Particle Beams SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Third order beam optics; uniform beam distribution AB The use of octupole elements was originally suggested [1] to transform the transverse Gaussian distribution of a charged particle beam into a uniform beam distribution having rectangular cross section. The first experimental realization of this concept was materialized at the Radiation Effects Facility (REF) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) [2] where the transverse Gaussian distribution of a 200MeV H- beam was transformed into a rectangular uniform distribution. Later, the beam line of the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) facility [3,4] built at BNL, was specifically designed to generate uniform beam distributions with rectangular cross sections, in both, the horizontal and vertical directions, at the location of the target. The NSRL facility generates uniform beam distributions of various nuclear species, which may vary in energy, and also vary in size of the uniform beam distribution. We will present an overview of the method to generate uniform beam distributions, show some results from the NSRL facility, and suggest other possibilities for generating such beam distributions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tsoupas, N (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA, 911B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1063/1.3586047 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900001 ER PT S AU Ticos, CM Wang, ZH AF Ticos, Catalin M. Wang, Zhehui BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Dust Accelerators And Their Applications In High-Temperature Plasmas SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Dust; Accelerators; Plasma; Fusion ID FUSION DEVICES; INJECTION AB The perennial presence of dust in high-temperature plasma and fusion devices has been firmly established. Dust inventory must be controlled, in particular in the next-generation steady-state fusion machines like ITER, as it can pose significant safety hazards and potentially interfere with fusion energy production. Although much effort has been devoted to getting rid of the dust nuisance, there are instances where a controlled use of dust can be beneficial. We have recognized a number of dust-accelerators applications in magnetic fusion, including in plasma diagnostics, in studying dust-plasma interactions, and more recently in edge localized mode (ELM)'s pacing. With the applications in mind, we will compare various acceleration methods, including electrostatic, gas-drag, and plasma-drag acceleration. We will also describe laboratory experiments and results on dust acceleration. C1 [Ticos, Catalin M.] Natl Inst Lasers Plasma & Radiat Phys, 409 Atomistilor Str, Bucharest 077125, Romania. [Wang, Zhehui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ticos, CM (reprint author), Natl Inst Lasers Plasma & Radiat Phys, 409 Atomistilor Str, Bucharest 077125, Romania. RI Ticos, Catalin/F-1677-2011 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 26 EP 28 DI 10.1063/1.3586050 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900004 ER PT S AU Kurennoy, SS AF Kurennoy, Sergey S. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Novel Linac Structures For Low-Beta Ions And For Muons SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Accelerator; linac; ion; muon; beam AB Development of two innovative linacs is discussed. (1) High-efficiency normal-conducting accelerating structures for ions with beam velocities in the range of a few percent of the speed of light. Two existing accelerator technologies - the H-mode resonator cavities and transverse beam focusing by permanent-magnet quadrupoles (PMQ) - are merged to create efficient structures for light-ion beams of considerable currents. The inter-digital H-mode accelerator with PMQ focusing (IH-PMQ) has the shunt impedance 10-20 times higher than the standard drift-tube linac. Results of the combined 3-D modeling for an IH-PMQ accelerator tank - electromagnetic computations, beam-dynamics simulations, and thermal-stress analysis - are presented. H-PMQ structures following a short RFQ accelerator can be used in the front end of ion linacs or in stand-alone applications like a compact mobile deuteron-beam accelerator up to a few MeV. (2) A large-acceptance high-gradient linac for accelerating low-energy muons in a strong solenoidal magnetic field. When a proton beam hits a target, many low-energy pions are produced almost isotropically, in addition to a small number of high-energy pions in the forward direction. We propose to collect and accelerate copious muons created as the low-energy pions decay. The acceleration should bring muons to a kinetic energy of similar to 200 MeV in about 10 m, where both an ionization cooling of the muon beam and its further acceleration in a superconducting linac become feasible. One potential solution is a normal-conducting linac consisting of independently fed 0-mode RF cavities with wide apertures closed by thin metal windows or grids. The guiding magnetic field is provided by external superconducting solenoids. The cavity choice, overall linac design considerations, and simulation results of muon acceleration are presented. Potential applications range from basic research to homeland defense to industry and medicine. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kurennoy, SS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Kurennoy, Sergey/0000-0003-2854-9647 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1063/1.3586052 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900006 ER PT S AU Havener, CC Draganic, IN Andrianarijaona, VM AF Havener, C. C. Draganic, I. N. Andrianarijaona, V. M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Exploring Low Energy Molecular Ion Reactions With Merged Beams SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Molecular ion; merged beams; low energy; charge transfer ID CHARGE-TRANSFER; COLLISIONS AB Charge transfer (CT) in molecular ion-neutral interactions can proceed through dynamically coupled electronic, vibrational, and rotational degrees of freedom. Using the upgraded Oak Ridge National Laboratory ion-atom merged-beams apparatus, absolute direct charge transfer is explored from keV/u collision energies where the collision is considered "ro-vibrationally frozen" to sub-eV/u collision energies where collision times are long enough to sample vibrational and rotational modes. Our first molecular ion measurement with the merged-beams apparatus has been performed for D-2(+) + H and is used to benchmark high energy sudden approximation theory and vibrational specific adiabatic theory for the (H-2-H)(+) complex. CT measurements have also been performed for D-3(+) + H from 2 eV/u to 2 keV/u and CO+ + D from 20 eV/u to 2000 eV/u. With straightforward improvements to the apparatus, we plan to extend our measurements to key "destructive" rate coefficients for H-2(+) and CH+ with H at temperatures relevant to the interstellar medium. C1 [Havener, C. C.; Draganic, I. N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Andrianarijaona, V. M.] Pacific Union Coll, Dept Phys, Angwin, CA 94508 USA. RP Havener, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; Division of Chemical Sciences; Geosciences, and Biosciences; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy; NASA [NNH07ZDA001N]; ORNL; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX Research supported by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences and the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. I.N.D is supported by the NASA Solar & Heliospheric Physics Program NNH07ZDA001N and acknowledges support from the ORNL Postdoctorial Research Associates Program administered jointly by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and Oak Ridge National Laboratory NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1063/1.3586066 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900020 ER PT S AU Draganic, IN Seely, DG McCammon, D Havener, CC AF Draganic, I. N. Seely, D. G. McCammon, D. Havener, C. C. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Solar Wind Charge Exchange Studies Of Highly Charged Ions On Atomic Hydrogen SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Charge exchange; highly charged ions; atomic beams; merged beams; solar wind ID X-RAY-EMISSION; MERGED-BEAMS MEASUREMENTS; CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ENERGY; SPECTRA; COLLISIONS; ABSOLUTE; IMPACT; COMETS AB Accurate studies of low-energy charge exchange (CX) are critical to understanding underlying soft X-ray radiation processes in the interaction of highly charged ions from the solar wind with the neutral atoms and molecules in the heliosphere, cometary comas, planetary atmospheres, interstellar winds, etc.. Particularly important are the CX cross sections for bare, H-like, and He-like ions of C, N, O and Ne, which are the dominant charge states for these heavier elements in the solar wind. Absolute total cross sections for single electron capture by H-like ions of C, N, O and fully-stripped O ions from atomic hydrogen have been measured in an expanded range of relative collision energies (5 eV/u - 20 keV/u) and compared to previous H-oven measurements. The present measurements are performed using a merged-beams technique with intense highly charged ion beams extracted from a 14.5 GHz ECR ion source installed on a high voltage platform at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. For the collision energy range of 0.3 keV/u - 3.3 keV/u, which corresponds to typical ion velocities in the solar wind, the new measurements are in good agreement with previous H-oven measurements. The experimental results are discussed in detail and compared with theoretical calculations where available. C1 [Draganic, I. N.; Havener, C. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Seely, D. G.] Albion Coll, Dept Phys, Albion, MI 49224 USA. [McCammon, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Draganic, IN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU NASA Solar & Heliospheric Physics [NNH07ZDA001N]; Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; Division of Chemical Science; Geosciences, and Biosciences; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy FX This research is supported by the NASA Solar & Heliospheric Physics Program NNH07ZDA001N, the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences and the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. One of the authors (I.D.) gratefully acknowledges support from the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates Program administered jointly by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 106 EP 110 DI 10.1063/1.3586067 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900021 ER PT S AU Schultz, DR Ovchinnikov, SY Sternberg, JB Macek, JH AF Schultz, D. R. Ovchinnikov, S. Y. Sternberg, J. B. Macek, J. H. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Recent Applications Of The Lattice, Time-Dependent Schrodinger Equation Approach For Ion-Atom Collisions SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE ion-atom collisions ID OPTIMIZED DYNAMICAL REPRESENTATION; QUANTUM PROBLEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS; HYDROGEN; HE AB Contemporary computational methods, such as the lattice, time-dependent Schrodinger equation (LTDSE) approach, have opened opportunities to study ion-atom collisions at a new level of detail and to uncover unexpected phenomena. Such interactions within gaseous, plasma, and material environments are fundamental to diverse applications such as low temperature plasma processing of materials, magnetic confinement fusion, and astrophysics. Results are briefly summarized here stemming from recent use of the LTDSE approach, with particular emphasis on elucidation of unexpected vortices in the ejected electron spectrum in ion-atom collisions and for an atom subject to an electric field pulse. C1 [Schultz, D. R.; Macek, J. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ovchinnikov, S. Y.; Sternberg, J. B.; Macek, J. H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37496 USA. RP Schultz, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-96-OR22464]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Office of Basic Energy Sciences to the University of Tennessee [DE-FG02-02ER15283] FX Research was sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract No. DE-AC05-96-OR22464 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, and by Grant No. DE-FG02-02ER15283 from the Office of Basic Energy Sciences to the University of Tennessee. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 123 EP 126 DI 10.1063/1.3586071 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900025 ER PT S AU Silver, E Gillaspy, JD Gokhale, P Kanter, EP Brickhouse, NS Dunford, RW Kirby, K Lin, T McDonald, J Schneider, D Seifert, S Young, L AF Silver, E. Gillaspy, J. D. Gokhale, P. Kanter, E. P. Brickhouse, N. S. Dunford, R. W. Kirby, K. Lin, T. McDonald, J. Schneider, D. Seifert, S. Young, L. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Work Towards Experimental Evidence Of Hard X-Ray Photoionization In Highly Charged Krypton SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE x-rays; photoionization; spectroscopy; EBIT; synchrotron AB Ions of almost any charge state can be produced through electron-impact ionization. Here we describe our first experiments designed to photoionize these highly charged ions with hard x-rays by pairing an electron and photon beam. A spectral line at 12.7(1) keV with an intensity corroborated by theory may be the first evidence of hard x-ray photoionization of a highly charged ion. C1 [Silver, E.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Kirby, K.; Lin, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gillaspy, J. D.; Gokhale, P.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Kanter, E. P.; Dunford, R. W.; Seifert, S.; Young, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [McDonald, J.] George E Wahle, Dept Veterans Affairs Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. [Schneider, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Silver, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473 FU NASA [NNX08AK33G]; Argonne National Laboratory LDRD FX This work was supported by NASA Grant NNX08AK33G and an Argonne National Laboratory LDRD grant. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 146 EP 149 DI 10.1063/1.3586076 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900030 ER PT S AU Park, JH Krstic, PS AF Park, Jae Hyun Krstic, Predrag S. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Control Of Screening Of A Charged Particle In Electrolytic Aqueous Paul Trap SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Aqueous Paul trap; electrolyte screening; electrophoretic; molecular dynamics AB Individual charged particles could be trapped and confined by the combined radio-frequency and DC quadrupole electric field of an aqueous Paul trap. Viscosity of water improves confinement and extends the range of the trap parameters which characterize the stability of the trap. Electrolyte, if present in aqueous solution, may screen the charged particle and thus partially or fully suppress electrophoretic interaction with the applied filed, possibly reducing it to a generally much weaker dielectrophoretic interaction with an induced dipole. Applying molecular dynamics simulation we show that the quadrupole field has a different effect at the electrolyte ions and at much heavier charged particle, effectively eliminating the screening by electrolyte ions and reinstating the electrophoretic confinement. C1 [Park, Jae Hyun; Krstic, Predrag S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Park, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [RC2 HG005625, R21 HG004764, R21 HG004764-01] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 150 EP 153 DI 10.1063/1.3586077 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900031 PM 24839332 ER PT S AU Jokela, SJ Veryovkin, IV Zinovev, AV Elam, JW Peng, Q Mane, AU AF Jokela, Slade J. Veryovkin, Igor V. Zinovev, Alexander V. Elam, Jeffrey W. Peng, Qing Mane, Anil U. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI The Characterization Of Secondary Electron Emitters For Use In Large Area Photo-Detectors SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Secondary electron emission; Atomic Layer Deposition; Magnesium Oxide; Aluminum Oxide; XPS ID EMISSION; GROWTH; MG AB The Large-Area Picosecond Photo-Detector Project is focused on the development of large-area systems to measure the time-of-arrival of relativistic particles with, ultimately, 1 pico-second resolution, and for signals typical of Positron-Emission Tomography (PET), a resolution of about 30 pico-seconds. Our contribution to this project is to help with identification and efficient fabrication of novel electron emitting materials with properties optimized for use in such detectors. We have assembled several techniques into a single ultra-high vacuum apparatus in order to enable characterization of both photocathode and secondary electron emission (SEE) materials. This apparatus will examine how photocathode quantum efficiency and SEE material electron yield correlate to surface chemical composition, state, and band structure. The techniques employed in this undertaking are X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for surface chemical composition, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) for the determination of band structure and surface work function, as well surface cleaning techniques such as argon-ion sputtering. To determine secondary electron emission yields and quantum efficiencies of detector materials, we use electron optics from a low energy electron diffraction (LEED) system whose set of hemispherical electrodes allows for efficient collection of secondary and photo electrons. As we gain a stronger insight into the details of mechanisms of electron emission from photocathodes and SEE materials, we will be able to lay a foundation for the larger collaborative effort to design the next generation of large-area photo-detectors. We present our preliminary results on the SEE materials from our as-yet completed characterization system. C1 [Jokela, Slade J.; Veryovkin, Igor V.; Zinovev, Alexander V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Elam, Jeffrey W.; Peng, Qing; Mane, Anil U.] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jokela, SJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI peng, qing/I-2970-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; American Recover and Relief Act (ARRA) FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. This work was supported in part by American Recover and Relief Act (ARRA) funds. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 208 EP 212 DI 10.1063/1.3586090 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900044 ER PT S AU AlFaify, S Garratt, E Dissanayake, A Mancini, DC Kayani, A AF AlFaify, S. Garratt, E. Dissanayake, A. Mancini, D. C. Kayani, A. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Ion Beam Analysis Of Nitrogen Incorporated Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) Thin Films SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE UNCD Film; MPCVD; Nanostructure; Nanocrystalline Diamond; RBS; NRA ID GROWTH AB Determination of the elemental composition is important to correlate the properties of nitrogen incorporated Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) thin films with their growth conditions. Films were deposited by CVD deposition technology and nitrogen incorporation was introduced by diluting the growth Ar/CH4 plasma with N-2 gas. Deposition of UNCD thin films was carried out on tungsten (similar to 15nm) coated Si substrates with varying concentrations of N-2 diluted to the growth plasma. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) were used to confirm the characteristic morphology of the UNCD film and its dominant sp(3) bonding respectively. The deposited films were smooth on the submicron scale with the RMS roughness value of 2.9-5.1 nm. Reflectometry spectroscopy analysis (RES) technique was used to measure the films thicknesses. To obtain the elemental composition of the UNCD thin films, Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS), Non-Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (NRBS), Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) and Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) were performed. Deposited UNCD films contained less than 5 at.% of H while N content incorporated in the films was estimated to be lower than 1 at.%. The intermixing region between the substrate and the film was found to be negligible. Moreover, amorphous phase as determined by Raman analysis was found to be increasing for the sample deposited with N-2. C1 [AlFaify, S.; Garratt, E.; Dissanayake, A.; Kayani, A.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Mancini, D. C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Cent Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP AlFaify, S (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE AC02-06CH11357] FX use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE AC02-06CH11357. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 260 EP 263 DI 10.1063/1.3586100 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900054 ER PT S AU Kayani, A Garratt, E AlFaify, S Dissanayake, A Tecos, G Mancini, DC Syed, M AF Kayani, A. Garratt, E. AlFaify, S. Dissanayake, A. Tecos, G. Mancini, D. C. Syed, M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Ion Beam Irradiation Studies Of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Ion beam analysis; UNCD; nanocrystalline diamond; polycrystalline diamond; ion beam irradiation ID NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS AB Investigations into the effects of high-energy ion bombardment of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films was performed using 3 and 6 MeV protons and 24 MeV F4+, with the fluence of 2.1 x 10(17) ions/cm(2), 2.9 x 10(17) ions/cm2, and 6.7 x 10(15) ions/cm(2) respectively. Objective of the research is to investigate the effect of structural damage on the physical properties of the material and compare it with the structure of unirradiated and N doped UNCD. Pre- and post-irradiated samples were analyzed by ion beam analysis (IBA) measurements, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). IBA measurements including Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), non-Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (NRBS) and elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) were used to determine elemental concentration of pre- and post-irradiated samples. Visible Raman spectra corresponding to samples irradiated at 3 and 6 MeV protons did not show much variation. For 24 MeV F4+ irradiated sample, significant changes were observed, particularly the loss of a shoulder at 1179 cm(-1) and sharpening of the G peak at around 1532 cm(-1), indicating possible significant changes at the grain boundary and increase in sp(2) phase. AFM measurements show a reduction in RMS roughness after bombardment possibly due to the graphitization of the UNCD surface. The results of IBA measurements did not show any change in the elemental concentration or interface region between film and substrate. C1 [Kayani, A.; Garratt, E.; AlFaify, S.; Dissanayake, A.; Tecos, G.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Mancini, D. C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Cent Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Syed, M.] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA. RP Kayani, A (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE AC02-06CH11357. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1063/1.3586102 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900056 ER PT S AU Insepov, Z Norem, J Veitzer, S AF Insepov, Zeke Norem, Jim Veitzer, Seth BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Ion Solid Interaction And Surface Modification At RF Breakdown In High-Gradient Linacs SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Ion solid interaction; unipolar arc formation; high-gradient rf linear accelerators; non-Debye plasma ID SUPERDENSE GLOW; PSEUDOSPARK; EMISSION; ENERGY AB Ion solid interactions have been shown to be an important new mechanism of unipolar arc formation in high-gradient rf linear accelerators through surface self-sputtering by plasma ions, in addition to an intense surface field evaporation. We believe a non-Debye plasma is formed in close vicinity to the surface and strongly affects surface atomic migration via intense bombardment by ions, strong electric field, and high surface temperature. Scanning electron microscope studies of copper surface of an rf cavity were conducted that show craters, arc pits, and both irregular and regular ripple structures with a characteristic length of 2 microns on the surface. Strong field enhancements are characteristic of the edges, corners, and crack systems at surfaces subjected to rf breakdown C1 [Insepov, Zeke; Norem, Jim] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Veitzer, Seth] Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 FU U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Dept. of Energy under Small Business Innovation Research [DE- FG02-07ER84833] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work of Tech-X personnel is funded by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Small Business Innovation Research Contract No. DE- FG02-07ER84833. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 345 EP 348 DI 10.1063/1.3586117 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900071 ER PT S AU Caporaso, GJ Chen, YJ Watson, JA Blackfield, DT Nelson, SD Poole, BR Stanley, JR Sullivan, JS AF Caporaso, George J. Chen, Yu-Jiuan Watson, James A. Blackfield, Don T. Nelson, Scott D. Poole, Brian R. Stanley, Joel R. Sullivan, James S. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Status Of The Dielectric Wall Accelerator For Proton Therapy SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Dielectric wall accelerators; hadron therapy; proton therapy; high gradient insulators; photoconductive switches; alternating phase focusing; alternating gradient quadrupole focusing AB The Dielectric Wall Accelerator (DWA) offers the potential to produce a high gradient linear accelerator for proton therapy and other applications. The current status of the DWA for proton therapy will be reviewed. Recent progress in SiC photoconductive switch development will be presented. There are serious beam transport challenges in the DWA arising from short pulse excitation of the wall. Solutions to these transport difficulties will be discussed. C1 [Caporaso, George J.; Chen, Yu-Jiuan; Watson, James A.; Blackfield, Don T.; Nelson, Scott D.; Poole, Brian R.; Stanley, Joel R.; Sullivan, James S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Caporaso, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-410, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 369 EP 373 DI 10.1063/1.3586122 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900076 ER PT S AU Yasui, L Gladden, S Andorf, C Kroc, T AF Yasui, Linda Gladden, Samantha Andorf, Christine Kroc, Thomas BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Fast Neutron Induced Autophagy Leads To Necrosis In Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE fast neutrons; glioblastoma multiforme; necrosis; autophagy; radiation therapy ID CANCER; DEATH; ASTROCYTOMAS; THERAPY AB Fast neutrons are highly effective at killing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), U87 and U251 cells. The mode of cell death was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to identify the fraction of irradiated U87 or U251 cells having morphological features of autophagy and/or necrosis. U87 or U251 cells were irradiated with 2 Gy fast neturons or 10 Gy gamma rays. A majority of U87 and U251 cells exhibit features of cell death with autophagy after irradiation with either 10 Gy gamma rays or 2 Gy fast neutrons. Very few gamma irradiated cells had features of necrosis (U87 or U251 cell samples processed for TEM 1 day after 10 Gy gamma irradiation). In contrast, a significant increase was observed in necrotic U87 and U251 cells irradiated with fast neutrons. These results show a greater percentage of cells exhibit morphological evidence of necrosis induced by a lower dose of fast neutron irradiation compared to gamma irradiation. Also, the evidence of necrosis in fast neutron irradiated U87 and U251 cells occurs in a background of autophagy. Since autophagy is observed before necrosis, autophagy may play a role in signaling programmed necrosis in fast neutron irradiated U87 and U251 cells. C1 [Yasui, Linda; Gladden, Samantha] Northern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Andorf, Christine] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Northern Illinois Inst Neutron Therapy, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kroc, Thomas] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Yasui, L (reprint author), Northern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 377 EP 382 DI 10.1063/1.3586124 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900078 ER PT S AU Pogorelsky, IV Babzien, M Polyanskiy, MN Yakimenko, V Dover, NP Palmer, CAJ Najmudin, Z Shkolnikov, P Williams, O Rosenzweig, J Oliva, P Carpinelli, M Golosio, B Delogu, P Stefanini, A Endrizzi, M AF Pogorelsky, I. V. Babzien, M. Polyanskiy, M. N. Yakimenko, V. Dover, N. P. Palmer, C. A. J. Najmudin, Z. Shkolnikov, P. Williams, O. Rosenzweig, J. Oliva, P. Carpinelli, M. Golosio, B. Delogu, P. Stefanini, A. Endrizzi, M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Lasers As Particle Accelerators In Medicine: From Laser-Driven Protons To Imaging With Thomson Sources SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE CO2 laser; ion acceleration; Thomson scattering; electron beams; cancer therapy; x-ray imaging ID PULSES AB We report our recent progress using a high-power, picosecond CO2 laser for Thomson scattering and ion acceleration experiments. These experiments capitalize on certain advantages of long-wavelength CO2 lasers, such as their high number of photons per energy unit and beneficial wavelength-scaling of the electrons' ponderomotive energy and critical plasma frequency. High X-ray fluxes produced in the interactions of the counter-propagating laser-and electron-beams for obtaining single-shot, high-contrast images of biological objects. The laser, focused on a hydrogen jet, generated a monoenergetic proton beam via the radiation-pressure mechanism. The energy of protons produced by this method scales linearly with the laser's intensity. We present a plan for scaling the process into the range of 100-MeV proton energy via upgrading the CO2 laser. This development will enable an advance to the laser-driven proton cancer therapy. C1 [Pogorelsky, I. V.; Babzien, M.; Polyanskiy, M. N.; Yakimenko, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dover, N. P.; Palmer, C. A. J.; Najmudin, Z.] Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. [Shkolnikov, P.] State Univ New York, New York, NY 11794 USA. [Williams, O.; Rosenzweig, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Oliva, P.; Carpinelli, M.; Golosio, B.] Univ Sassari, Struttura Dipartimentale Matemat & Fis, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Delogu, P.; Stefanini, A.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Delogu, P.; Stefanini, A.] INFN, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Oliva, P.; Carpinelli, M.; Golosio, B.] INFN, I-07100 Pisa, Italy. RP Pogorelsky, IV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Delogu, Pasquale/J-3141-2012; Endrizzi, Marco/O-7463-2015; Polyanskiy, Mikhail/E-8406-2010; OI Oliva, Piernicola/0000-0002-9446-3967; Endrizzi, Marco/0000-0002-7810-2301; Golosio, Bruno/0000-0001-5144-6932 FU US DOE [DE-FG02-07ER41488, DE-FG03-92ER40693]; Libra Basic Technology Consortium; ONR [140810463] FX The authors thank D. Neely, J. Schreiber, G.Dudnikova, M. Ispirian, G. Andonian, E. Hemsinga,G. Priebe, K. Kusche, J. Park, and D. Davis for assisting in the reported research, supported by US DOE Grant DE-FG02-07ER41488, US DOE Grant DE-FG03-92ER40693, Libra Basic Technology Consortium and ONR Grant 140810463. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 386 EP 390 DI 10.1063/1.3586126 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900080 ER PT S AU Dioszegi, I Rusek, A Dane, BR Chiang, IH Meek, AG Dilmanian, FA AF Dioszegi, I. Rusek, A. Dane, B. R. Chiang, I. H. Meek, A. G. Dilmanian, F. A. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Monte Carlo Simulations Of The Dose Distributions From Carbon Microbeams Used In An Experimental Radiation Therapy Method SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Monte Carlo simulation; MCNPX; Carbon radiotherapy; microbeam ID ION RADIOTHERAPY; BEAM AB Recent upgrades of the MCNPX Monte Carlo code include transport of heavy ions. We employed the new code to simulate the energy and dose distributions produced by carbon beams in rabbit's head in and around a brain tumor. The work was within our experimental technique of interlaced carbon microbeams, which uses two 90 degrees arrays of parallel, thin planes of carbon beams (microbeams) interlacing to produce a solid beam at the target. A similar version of the method was earlier developed with synchrotron-generated x-ray microbeams. We first simulated the Bragg peak in high density polyethylene and other materials, where we could compare the calculated carbon energy deposition to the measured data produced at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The results showed that new MCNPX code gives a reasonable account of the carbon beam's dose up to similar to 200 MeV/nucleon beam energy. At higher energies, which were not relevant to our project, the model failed to reproduce the Bragg-peak's extent of increasing nuclear breakup tail. In our model calculations we determined the dose distribution along the beam path, including the angular straggling of the microbeams, and used the data for determining the optimal values of beam spacing in the array for producing adequate beam interlacing at the target. We also determined, for the purpose of Bragg-peak spreading at the target, the relative beam intensities of the consecutive exposures with stepwise lower beam energies, and simulated the resulting dose distribution in the spread out Bragg-peak. The details of the simulation methods used and the results obtained are presented. C1 [Dioszegi, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Rusek, A.; Chiang, I. H.] NASA, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Space Radiat Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dane, B. R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Meek, A. G.; Dilmanian, F. A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiat Oncol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Dilmanian, F. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Med Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dioszegi, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU Musella Brain Tumor Foundation; SB's Targeted Research Opportunities program; SB's Office of the Dean of School of Medicine; SB's Research Foundation funds; Voices against Brain Cancer FX We thank Joseph Gatz III, Charles Pearson, and Michael Sivertz for assistance. Funding for this work was provided by Musella Brain Tumor Foundation, SBs Targeted Research Opportunities program, SBs Office of the Dean of School of Medicine, SBs Research Foundation funds (Allen G. Meek, MD, PI), and Voices against Brain Cancer. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 406 EP 409 DI 10.1063/1.3586130 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900084 ER PT S AU Chen, AX Antolak, AJ Leung, KN Raber, TN Morse, DH AF Chen, A. X. Antolak, A. J. Leung, K. -N. Raber, T. N. Morse, D. H. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Compact Electronic Gamma Source For Radiotherapy SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE LiTaO3 pyroelectric accelerator; gamma generator; RF ion source; 9Be(D,ng)10B reaction; radiotherapy AB A compact mono-energetic gamma source is being developed to replace the radiological sources used in radiotherapy and other medical instruments. The electronic gamma source utilizes low-energy nuclear reactions to generate gammas in the 0.5 to 1.0 MeV energy range. Independent control of the ion current and energy is achieved by decoupling the RF-driven ion source and pyroelectric crystal-based acceleration systems The ions are accelerated to voltages above 100 keV and bombard a reaction target to produce gammas. Thermal management of the pyroelectric crystal-based accelerator is achieved by convective dielectric fluid flow around the crystal. This approach provides better temperature uniformity in the crystal and higher dielectric strength for suppressing voltage breakdown and enabling faster thermal cycling rates. C1 [Chen, A. X.; Antolak, A. J.; Raber, T. N.; Morse, D. H.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, A. X.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leung, K. -N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, AX (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [DOE/NA-22]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The author would like to thank Professor Ralph Greif and Samuel S. Mao for useful discussions. This work was funded by DOE/NA-22 Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 413 EP 417 DI 10.1063/1.3586132 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900086 ER PT S AU Weidner, JW Nortier, FM Bach, HT John, KD Couture, A Ullmann, JL Fassbender, ME Goff, GS Taylor, W Valdez, F Wolfsberg, LE Cisneros, M Dry, D Gallegos, M Gritzo, R Bitteker, LJ Wender, S Baty, RS AF Weidner, J. W. Nortier, F. M. Bach, H. T. John, K. D. Couture, A. Ullmann, J. L. Fassbender, M. E. Goff, G. S. Taylor, W. Valdez, F. Wolfsberg, L. E. Cisneros, M. Dry, D. Gallegos, M. Gritzo, R. Bitteker, L. J. Wender, S. Baty, R. S. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Accelerator Production of Ac-225 For Alpha-Immunotherapy SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Ac-225; cross section; alpha-emitter; cancer; Th-232 AB Ac-225 has tremendous potential for the treatment of metastatic cancer due to the four alpha-particles emitted during its decay to stable Bi-209. Additionally, it is one of the few alpha-emitters being considered for clinical trials. The anticipated Ac-225 demand for these trials is expected to far exceed the annual worldwide supply of approximately 1,000 mCi/yr. Consequently, the DOE Office of Science has funded investigations into accelerator-based production of Ac-225. Existing Th-232(p,x)Ac-225 cross section data indicate that up to 480 mCi/day of Ac-225 could be created by bombarding a thick target of natural thorium with 100 MeV protons at the Los Alamos Isotope Production Facility. To verify these predictions, experiments are underway at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center to measure the Th-232(p,x) Ac-225 production cross sections for protons in the energy range 40-200 MeV, and at 800 MeV. For 800 MeV protons, preliminary results indicate that the Ac-225 production cross section is 12.4 +/- 0.6 mb and the Ra-225 production cross section is 3.2 +/- 0.2 mb. Moreover, preliminary results suggest that the Ac-227 production cross section is 16 +/- 1 mb. Experiments to measure these same cross sections at proton energies below 200 MeV are planned for the last half of calendar year 2010. C1 [Weidner, J. W.; Nortier, F. M.; Bach, H. T.; John, K. D.; Couture, A.; Ullmann, J. L.; Fassbender, M. E.; Goff, G. S.; Taylor, W.; Valdez, F.; Wolfsberg, L. E.; Cisneros, M.; Dry, D.; Gallegos, M.; Gritzo, R.; Bitteker, L. J.; Wender, S.; Baty, R. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Weidner, JW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 423 EP 425 DI 10.1063/1.3586134 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900088 ER PT S AU Waldmann, O Ludewigt, B AF Waldmann, O. Ludewigt, B. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI A Permanent-Magnet Microwave Ion Source For A Compact High-Yield Neutron Generator SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Neutron generator; Microwave ion source; Active interrogation AB We present recent work on the development of a microwave ion source that will be used in a high-yield compact neutron generator for active interrogation applications. The sealed tube generator will be capable of producing high neutron yields, 5x10(11) n/s for D-T and similar to 1x10(10) n/s for D-D reactions, while remaining transportable. We constructed a microwave ion source (2.45 GHz) with permanent magnets to provide the magnetic field strength of 87.5 mT necessary for satisfying the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) condition. Microwave ion sources can produce high extracted beam currents at the low gas pressures required for sealed tube operation and at lower power levels than previously used RF-driven ion sources. A 100 mA deuterium/tritium beam will be extracted through a large slit (60x6 mm(2)) to spread the beam power over a larger target area. This paper describes the design of the permanent-magnet microwave ion source and discusses the impact of the magnetic field design on the source performance. The required equivalent proton beam current density of 40 mA/cm(2) was extracted at a moderate microwave power of 400 W with an optimized magnetic field. C1 [Waldmann, O.; Ludewigt, B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Waldmann, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 479 EP 482 DI 10.1063/1.3586145 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900099 ER PT S AU Thompson, SJ Kinlaw, MT Hunt, AW AF Thompson, Scott J. Kinlaw, Mathew T. Hunt, Alan W. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Testing The High-Energy Prompt Neutron Signature At Low Beam Energies SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Nuclear Material Detection; Active Inspection; Photofission; Prompt Neutrons AB Prompt fission neutrons continue to be examined as a signature for detecting the presence of fissionable material. This technique exploits the neutron energy limitations inherent with photonuclear emissions from non-fissionable material, allowing prompt fission neutrons to be identified and engaged for detecting nuclear material. Prompt neutron signal measurements were acquired with bremsstrahlung endpoint energies of 6 MeV for 18 targets comprised of both fissionable and non-fissionable material; delayed neutron measurements were also collected as a reference. The U-238 target was also shielded with increasing thicknesses of lead or borated polyethylene to compare the resulting detection rates of the prompt and delayed fission neutron signals. C1 [Thompson, Scott J.; Kinlaw, Mathew T.] Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Hunt, Alan W.] Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Thompson, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and International Security; Next Generation Safeguards Initiative; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Energy Alliance under DOE [DE-AC07-05-ID14517] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and International Security, Next Generation Safeguards Initiative. Idaho National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Energy Alliance under DOE contract DE-AC07-05-ID14517. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 483 EP 486 DI 10.1063/1.3586146 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900100 ER PT S AU Quarles, CA Klaehn, JR Peterson, ES Urban-Klaehn, JM AF Quarles, C. A. Klaehn, John R. Peterson, Eric S. Urban-Klaehn, Jagoda M. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Of High Performance Polymer Films Under CO2 Pressure SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE positron lifetime spectroscopy; Doppler Broadening; polymer film; CO2 pressure AB Positron annihilation Lifetime and Doppler broadening measurements are reported for six polymer films as a function of carbon dioxide (CO2) absolute pressure ranging from 0 to 45 psi. Since the polymer films were thin and did not absorb all positrons, corrections were made in the lifetime analysis for the absorption of positrons in the positron source and sample holder using the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP. The studied polymers are found to behave differently from each other. Some polymers form positronium and others, such as the polyimide structures, do not. For those polymers that form positronium an interpretation in terms of free volume is possible; for those that don't form positronium, further work is needed to determine how best to describe the behavior in terms of the bulk positron annihilation parameters. A few of the studied polymers exhibit changes in positron lifetime and intensity under CO2 pressure which may be described by the Henry or Langmuir sorption models(3), while the positron response of other polymers is rather insensitive to the CO2 pressure. The results demonstrate the usefulness of positron annihilation spectroscopy in investigating the sorption of CO2 into various polymers at pressures up to about 3 atm (45psi). C1 [Quarles, C. A.] Texas Christian Univ, Ft Worth, TX 76109 USA. [Klaehn, John R.; Peterson, Eric S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Urban-Klaehn, Jagoda M.] Pajarito Sci Corp, Idaho Falls, ID 83404 USA. RP Quarles, CA (reprint author), Texas Christian Univ, Ft Worth, TX 76109 USA. RI Klaehn, John/C-6011-2017 OI Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 513 EP 518 DI 10.1063/1.3586153 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900107 ER PT S AU Chichester, DL Johnson, JT Seabury, EH AF Chichester, David L. Johnson, James T. Seabury, Edward H. BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Measurement Of The Neutron Spectrum Of A DD Electronic Neutron Generator SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: TWENTY-FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI) CY AUG 08-13, 2010 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Labs, AccSys Technol Inc, High Voltage Engn Europa BV, Natl Electrostat Corp, TDK-Lambda Amer DE Neutron spectrometry; digital pulse shape analysis; DD-fusion; electronic neutron generator ID PULSE RISETIME DISCRIMINATION; HE-3 PROPORTIONAL COUNTER; IONIZATION CHAMBERS; 3HE COUNTERS; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY AB A Cuttler-Shalev (C-S) He-3 proportional counter has been used to measure the energy spectrum of neutrons from a portable deuterium-deuterium electronic neutron generator. To improve the analysis of results from the C-S detector digital pulse shape analysis techniques have been used to eliminate neutron recoil artifacts in the recorded data. Data was collected using a 8-GHz, 10-bit waveform digitizer with its full scale corresponding to approximately 6-MeV neutrons. The measurements were made with the detector axis perpendicular to the direction of ions in the ENG in a plane 0.5-m to the side of the ENG, measuring neutrons emitted at an angle from 87.3 degrees to 92.7 degrees with respect to the path of ions in the ENG. The system demonstrated an energy resolution of approximately 0.040 MeV for the thermal peak and approximately 0.13 MeV at the DD neutron energy. In order to achieve the ultimate resolution capable with this type of detector it is clear that a higher-precision digitizer will be needed. C1 [Chichester, David L.; Johnson, James T.; Seabury, Edward H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Chichester, DL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Johnson, James/B-9689-2017 OI Johnson, James/0000-0002-3434-4413 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0891-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2011 VL 1336 BP 519 EP 523 DI 10.1063/1.3586154 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BZT55 UT WOS:000302912900108 ER EF