FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Straatsma, TP AF Straatsma, TP TI Molecular modeling of complex biological systems: Microbial membranes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM tps@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 93-COMP BP U1295 EP U1296 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302605 ER PT J AU Strachan, A AF Strachan, A TI Thermodynamically accurate particle-based mesodynamics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos & Organ Mat Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 244-COMP BP U1367 EP U1367 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302753 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ AF Strom, DJ TI Is anything there? Evaluation of statistical decision rules for radioactivity counting experiments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM strom@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 33-NUCL BP U2292 EP U2292 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304584 ER PT J AU Sumpter, BG Meunier, V AF Sumpter, BG Meunier, V TI Multiscale modeling of the electronic properties and quantum conductance of carbon nanotubes doped by encapsulation of organic molecules SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Chem Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Sumpterbg@oml.gov RI Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 2-COMP BP U1251 EP U1252 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302516 ER PT J AU Talanova, GG Buie, NM Roper, ED Gorbunova, MG Bartsch, RA Talanov, VS AF Talanova, GG Buie, NM Roper, ED Gorbunova, MG Bartsch, RA Talanov, VS TI New fluorogenic calixarene- and calixcrown-based ionophores for optical sensing of hazardous metal ions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NCI, Radiat Oncol Branch, Canc Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. EM gtalanova@howard.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 14-INOR BP U2006 EP U2006 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304014 ER PT J AU Tandon, L Eglin, JL Lewis, CL Wong, AS Zocco, TG Schwartz, DS Rademacher, D Kuhn, KJ FitzPatrick, JR AF Tandon, L Eglin, JL Lewis, CL Wong, AS Zocco, TG Schwartz, DS Rademacher, D Kuhn, KJ FitzPatrick, JR TI Forensic characterization of fissile and non-fissile nuclear materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM tandon@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 94-ANYL BP U219 EP U219 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300417 ER PT J AU Thiyagarajan, P Wozniak, DG Guo, L Raghavan, AN Littrell, KC Volin, KJ AF Thiyagarajan, P Wozniak, DG Guo, L Raghavan, AN Littrell, KC Volin, KJ TI Unique features of small angle neutron diffractometer (SAND) for research on nanostructured materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM thiyaga@anl.gov RI Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013 OI Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 72-PMSE BP U3535 EP U3536 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797307070 ER PT J AU Thomas, M Hatcher, J Rothman, L Szreder, T Wishart, JF Lall-Ramnarine, SI Engel, R AF Thomas, Marie Hatcher, Jasmine Rothman, Leah Szreder, Tomasz Wishart, James F. Lall-Ramnarine, Sharon I. Engel, Robert TI Physcial properties of racemic ionic liquids containing a 2,3-dihydroxyl propyl unit SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc C1 CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. CUNY, Grad Ctr, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. CUNY Queensborough Community Coll, New York, NY 11364 USA. CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM malie333@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 90-CHED BP U767 EP U767 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797301546 ER PT J AU Thomas, RB Mason, PB Essex, R Goldberg, SA AF Thomas, RB Mason, PB Essex, R Goldberg, SA TI Comparison of TIMS methods for measurement of nuclear safeguards, environmental and forensic samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 US DOE, New Brunswick Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rebecca.thomas@ch.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 58-NUCL BP U2304 EP U2305 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304610 ER PT J AU Thundat, T Pinnaduwage, LA AF Thundat, T Pinnaduwage, LA TI Explosive vapor detection using micromechanical sensors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ugt@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 317-ANYL BP U328 EP U328 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300633 ER PT J AU Tretiak, S AF Tretiak, S TI Adiabatic and nonadiabatic excited state dynamics in large molecular clusters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 180-PHYS BP U2854 EP U2854 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797305638 ER PT J AU Trouw, F AF Trouw, F TI Quasielastic neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulation of the diffusive motions of structure-directing templates in inorganic frameworks, and surfactants in self-assembled aggregates such as micelles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM trouw@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 391-ANYL BP U363 EP U363 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300706 ER PT J AU Turesky, RJ LeMaster, D Mcnaughton, L Holland, RD Wu, RW Felton, JS AF Turesky, RJ LeMaster, D Mcnaughton, L Holland, RD Wu, RW Felton, JS TI 2-Amino-1,7-dimethylimidazo[4,5-g]quinoxaline (7-MeIgQx): A novel and abundant mutagenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed in grilled beef SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr Labs & Res, Div Environm Dis Prevent, Albany, NY 12201 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr Labs & Res, Div Biomed Sci, Albany, NY 12201 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 58-TOXI BP U1857 EP U1858 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303725 ER PT J AU Valeev, EF AF Valeev, EF TI Exploring potential energy surfaces with explicitly correlated methods SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM edward.valeev@chemistry.gatech.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 71-PHYS BP U2804 EP U2804 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797305530 ER PT J AU Vazquez, GJ Dodge, CJ Francis, AJ AF Vazquez, GJ Dodge, CJ Francis, AJ TI Interactions of hexavallent uranium with phosphate and pollyphosphate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gus@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 19-GEOC BP U1721 EP U1721 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303453 ER PT J AU Wahl, JH Beagley, N Willse, A AF Wahl, JH Beagley, N Willse, A TI Exploring for differences in the massive data obtained from a comprehensive 2-D gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GCxGC-MS) screening experiment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 65-ANYL BP U206 EP U206 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300391 ER PT J AU Walker, HR Martinez, H Ipe, A Szreder, T Wishart, JF Lall-Ramnarine, SI AF Walker, HR Martinez, H Ipe, A Szreder, T Wishart, JF Lall-Ramnarine, SI TI Aryl and alkyl substituted ionic liquids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. CUNY Queensborough Community Coll, New York, NY 11364 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM HeidiMartinez8@aol.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 91-CHED BP U767 EP U767 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797301547 ER PT J AU Wang, JL Jellinek, J AF Wang, JL Jellinek, J TI Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of V_nBz_n+1sandwich clusters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jlwang@anl.gov RI Wang, Jinlan/B-3503-2012 OI Wang, Jinlan/0000-0002-4529-874X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 369-PHYS BP U2943 EP U2943 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797305827 ER PT J AU Wang, P Kim, JB Jia, HF Zhao, XY AF Wang, P Kim, JB Jia, HF Zhao, XY TI Nanobiocatalysts for biofuel cells SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Akron, Dept Chem Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wangp@uakron.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 78-FUEL BP U1662 EP U1663 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303330 ER PT J AU Wang, R Tang, QL Zhang, YX Yan, FN Chen, LH AF Wang, Rong Tang, Qiling Zhang, Yuexing Yan, Funing Chen, Liaohai TI Application of a photo-cleavable cross linker in protein delivery with nanoscale precision SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc C1 IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wangr@iit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 427-COLL BP U1245 EP U1245 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302505 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Chin, C Dagle, R Roh, HS King, DL Palo, D AF Wang, Y Chin, C Dagle, R Roh, HS King, DL Palo, D TI Steam reforming of alcohols for hydrogen production SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yongwang@pnl.gov RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 38-FUEL BP U1644 EP U1644 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303291 ER PT J AU Welch, PM Welch, CF AF Welch, PM Welch, CF TI Conformational statistics of dendronized polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neurtron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pwelch@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 396-POLY BP U4180 EP U4181 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797308388 ER PT J AU Welk, ME AF Welk, ME TI Gas separations through zeolite thin film membranes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Biol Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mewelk@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 87-FUEL BP U1666 EP U1667 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303339 ER PT J AU Werpy, TA AF Werpy, TA TI Chemical building blocks for the biorefinery SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM todd.werpy@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 148-FUEL BP U1694 EP U1694 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303398 ER PT J AU Wetch, CF Hjelm, RP Mang, JT Wrobleski, DA Orler, EB Hawley, ME Kortright, JB AF Wetch, CF Hjelm, RP Mang, JT Wrobleski, DA Orler, EB Hawley, ME Kortright, JB TI Contrast variation using resonant soft X-ray scattering to probe structure of polymer thin films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam Expt Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Polymer & Coating Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM cwelch@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 185-PMSE BP U3592 EP U3593 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797307182 ER PT J AU Wigginton, NS Rosso, KM Lower, BH Shi, L Hochella, MF AF Wigginton, NS Rosso, KM Lower, BH Shi, L Hochella, MF TI Examining the electron transfer properties of an outer membrane cytochrome from Shewanella oneidensis using scanning tunneling microscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Nanogeosci & Technol Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. EM wigginto@vt.edu RI Wigginton, Nicholas/F-1747-2011 OI Wigginton, Nicholas/0000-0001-9161-6131 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 31-GEOC BP U1727 EP U1728 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303465 ER PT J AU Williams, GP AF Williams, GP TI The high power THz user facility at Jefferson Lab SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM gwyn@mailaps.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 329-ANYL BP U333 EP U334 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300645 ER PT J AU Wilson, AD DuBois, MR DuBois, DL AF Wilson, AD DuBois, MR DuBois, DL TI A fast, Ni-based, molecular electrocatalyst for H2 production SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM aaron.d.wilson@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 437-INOR BP U2215 EP U2215 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304429 ER PT J AU Wilson, EL Maez, RV AF Wilson, EL Maez, RV TI Material characterization for material identification and surveillance project SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ewilson@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 8-TECH BP U1825 EP U1826 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303659 ER PT J AU Wong, FMG Smith, DK AF Wong, FMG Smith, DK TI Recent knowledge management development activities for nuclear forensics and attribution SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 61-NUCL BP U2306 EP U2306 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304613 ER PT J AU Xia, YX Friese, JI Moore, DA Rao, LF AF Xia, YX Friese, JI Moore, DA Rao, LF TI Stability constants of Np(V) complexes with fluoride and sulfate at variable temperatures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yuanxian.xia@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 4-NUCL BP U2277 EP U2278 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304556 ER PT J AU Yan, FN Wang, R Chen, LH AF Yan, FN Wang, R Chen, LH TI Synthesis and characterization of a photo-cleavable cross-linker and its application on tunable surface modification and protein purification SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM fyan@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 171-BIOL BP U582 EP U582 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797301168 ER PT J AU Yan, P Chen, BW Squier, TC Mayer, MU AF Yan, P Chen, BW Squier, TC Mayer, MU TI Photooxidation of FIAsH-labeled calmodulin by chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 120-BIOL BP U558 EP U559 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797301119 ER PT J AU Yang, L AF Yang, L TI New X21 SAXS instrument at NSLS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lyang@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 67-PMSE BP U3533 EP U3533 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797307065 ER PT J AU Yeamans, DR Kaczar, GM Staggs, K Trujillo, LA Ford, DK AF Yeamans, DR Kaczar, GM Staggs, K Trujillo, LA Ford, DK TI Repackaging plutonium-238 high neutron dose rate material for waste disposal SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp Actinide & Fuel Cycle Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, HSR 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dryeamans@lanl.gov; gkaczar@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 2-TECH BP U1823 EP U1824 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303654 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES Lee, JY Li, HW Li, JW AF Yeung, ES Lee, JY Li, HW Li, JW TI Molecular identification at the single-molecule level for disease diagnosis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Res Bionano Interface, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM yeung@ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 42-ANYL BP U195 EP U195 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300368 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES Phillips, GJ Isailovic, D Li, HW He, Y AF Yeung, ES Phillips, GJ Isailovic, D Li, HW He, Y TI Advances in single-cell microscopy with and without fluorescent labels SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM yeung@ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 364-ANYL BP U349 EP U349 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300679 ER PT J AU Yu, C AF Yu, C TI Modeling radionuclide transport in the environment and assessing risks to humans, flora, and fauna: The RESRAD family of codes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cyu@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 11-NUCL BP U2281 EP U2281 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304563 ER PT J AU Zavarin, M AF Zavarin, M TI Integrating detailed geochemistry and transient hydrothermal flow to predict radionuclide migration from underground nuclear tests: Recent experience at the Nevada Test Site SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM zavarin1@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 12-NUCL BP U2281 EP U2282 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304564 ER PT J AU Zhang, CD Malhotra, SV Francis, AJ AF Zhang, CD Malhotra, SV Francis, AJ TI Interactions of ionic liquids with uranium and its implications on uranium bioreduction SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cz6@njit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 2-NUCL BP U2276 EP U2277 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797304554 ER PT J AU Zhao, YF Dillon, AC Kim, YH Heben, MJ Zhang, SB AF Zhao, YF Dillon, AC Kim, YH Heben, MJ Zhang, SB TI Organometallic complexes for hydrogen storage SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yufeng_zhao@nrel.gov RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 11-FUEL BP U1631 EP U1632 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303265 ER PT J AU Zhou, QY Havard, T Huang, TZ Hong, KL Mays, JW AF Zhou, QY Havard, T Huang, TZ Hong, KL Mays, JW TI Characterization of linear poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PCHD) and fluorinated PCHD by GPC/light scattering SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Precis Detectors Inc, Bellingham, MA 02019 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qingye@precisiondetectors.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 208-ANYL BP U275 EP U276 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300530 ER PT J AU Hudson, CE West, JB Bell, KL Aguilar, A Phaneuf, RA Folkmann, F Kjeldsen, H Bozek, J Schlachter, AS Cisneros, C AF Hudson, CE West, JB Bell, KL Aguilar, A Phaneuf, RA Folkmann, F Kjeldsen, H Bozek, J Schlachter, AS Cisneros, C TI A theoretical and experimental study of the photoionization of Al-II SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; CROSS-SECTIONS; ATOMIC DATA; IONS AB High-resolution photoionization cross section measurements have been made at the ALS, corresponding to the 2p excitation (photon energy > 80 eV) of the Al-II ground state 2p(6)3s(2). Previous absolute measurements from ASTRID are available for energies 20-160 eV. R-matrix calculations have been carried out and comparison is made with the measured data. In the near threshold region (< 25 eV), theory predicts two 3pns P-3(o) resonance series, a 3pns P-1(o) and a 3pnd P-1(o) series. The experiment detects a single 3pns series and we find excellent agreement with the theoretical positions. Above the 2p ionization threshold, the ALS data show much more detail and by comparing with oscillator strengths and resonance positions with the calculation we identify much of the resonant structure. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico. RP Hudson, CE (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 16 BP 2911 EP 2932 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/16/005 PG 22 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 966AC UT WOS:000231991000007 ER PT J AU Ji, HT Kulsrud, R Fox, W Yamada, M AF Ji, HT Kulsrud, R Fox, W Yamada, M TI An obliquely propagating electromagnetic drift instability in the lower hybrid frequency range SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD STREAMING INSTABILITY; MODIFIED 2-STREAM INSTABILITY; CURRENT-SHEET EQUILIBRIUM; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; DRIVEN; SIMULATION; ONSET AB [1] By employing a local two-fluid theory, we investigate an obliquely propagating electromagnetic instability in the lower hybrid frequency range driven by cross-field current or relative drifts between electrons and ions. The theory self-consistently takes into account local cross-field current and accompanying pressure gradients. It is found that the instability is caused by reactive coupling between the backward propagating whistler ( fast) wave in the electron frame and the forward propagating sound ( slow) wave in the ion frame when the relative drifts are large. The unstable waves we consider propagate obliquely to the unperturbed magnetic field and have mixed polarization with significant electromagnetic components. A physical picture of the instability emerges in the limit of a large wave number characteristic of the local approximation. The primary positive feedback mechanism is based on reinforcement of initial electron density perturbations by compression of electron fluid via induced Lorentz force. The resultant waves are qualitatively consistent with the measured electromagnetic fluctuations in reconnecting current sheet in a laboratory plasma. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hji@pppl.gov; rmk@pppl.gov; willfox@mit.edu; myamada@pppl.gov RI Yamada, Masaaki/D-7824-2015 OI Yamada, Masaaki/0000-0003-4996-1649 NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 27 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A8 AR A08212 DI 10.1029/2005JA011188 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 960EM UT WOS:000231573000003 ER PT J AU Leung, LR Gustafson, WI AF Leung, LR Gustafson, WI TI Potential regional climate change and implications to US air quality SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; OZONE CONCENTRATIONS; 21ST-CENTURY; CIRCULATION AB Regional climate change scenarios were generated by dynamical downscaling to assess the potential effects of climate change on U. S. air quality. Comparing the climate simulation for 2045 - 2055 based on the IPCC A1B scenario with the control simulation of 1995 - 2005, large atmospheric changes that could affect air quality were found in several regions. Analyses were based on changes in surface air temperature and downward solar radiation, precipitation frequency, stagnation events, and ventilation. Changes in the Midwest and Texas during summer are of opposite sign, suggesting negative impacts on air quality in Texas and small positive or no impact in the Midwest. During fall, large warming, increased solar radiation, reduced rainfall frequency, increased stagnation occurrence, and reduced ventilation in the western U. S. all suggest negative impacts on regional air quality. These changes are related to an anticyclonic pattern in the 500 hPa height change that is also found in other GCM projections. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Leung, LR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ruby.leung@pnl.gov RI Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008 OI Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393 NR 15 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 16 AR L16711 DI 10.1029/2005GL022911 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960CX UT WOS:000231568900002 ER PT J AU Beernink, PT Hwang, M Ramirez, M Murphy, MB Doyle, SA Thelen, MP AF Beernink, PT Hwang, M Ramirez, M Murphy, MB Doyle, SA Thelen, MP TI Specificity of protein interactions mediated by BRCT domains of the XRCC1 DNA repair protein SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; LIGASE III-ALPHA; ABASIC SITE REPAIR; POLYMERASE-BETA; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; PHYSICALLY INTERACTS; AP-ENDONUCLEASE; GLYCOSYLASE; DAMAGE AB Protein interactions critical to DNA repair and cell cycle control systems are often coordinated by modules that belong to a superfamily of structurally conserved BRCT domains. Because the mechanisms of BRCT interactions and their significance are not well understood, we sought to define the affinity and specificity of those BRCT modules that orchestrate base excision repair and single-strand break repair. Common to these pathways is the essential XRCC1 DNA repair protein, which interacts with at least nine other proteins and DNA. Here, we characterized the interactions of four purified BRCT domains, two from XRCC1 and their two partners from DNA ligase III alpha and poly( ADP-ribosyl) polymerase 1. A monoclonal antibody was selected that recognizes the ligase III alpha BRCT domain, but not the other BRCT domains, and was used to capture the relevant ligase III alpha BRCT complex. To examine the assembly states of isolated BRCT domains and pairwise domain complexes, we used size-exclusion chromatography coupled with on-line light scattering. This analysis indicated that isolated BRCT domains form homo-oligomers and that the BRCT complex between the C-terminal XRCC1 domain and the ligase III alpha domain is a heterotetramer with 2: 2 stoichiometry. Using affinity capture and surface plasmon resonance methods, we determined that specific heteromeric interactions with high nanomolar dissociation constants occur between pairs of cognate BRCT domains. A structural model for a XRCC1(.)DNA ligase III alpha heterotetramer is proposed as a core base excision repair complex, which constitutes a scaffold for higher order complexes to which other repair proteins and DNA are brought into proximity. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Beernink, PT (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. EM pbeernink@chori.org RI Thelen, Michael/C-6834-2008; Thelen, Michael/G-2032-2014 OI Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480; Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480 NR 49 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 280 IS 34 BP 30206 EP 30213 DI 10.1074/jbc.M502155200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 957IC UT WOS:000231362500029 PM 15987676 ER PT J AU Fritz, JS AF Fritz, JS TI Factors affecting selectivity in ion chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Ion Chromatograhy Symposium CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL Trier, GERMANY DE selectivity; ion chromatography ID ANION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY; FUNCTIONAL-GROUP STRUCTURE; STATIONARY-PHASE; INORGANIC ANIONS; TETRAALKYLAMMONIUM SALTS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PAIR CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POLYMERIC RESINS; SEPARATION AB Methods for separation of ions by ion-exchange, ion-pair, and zwitterion ion chromatography share at least one common thread - the induced formation of a cation-anion pair in the stationary phase. Selectivity can be defined as the relative ability of sample ions to form such a pair. Examples are given in anion-exchange chromatography to show the effect of variations in the geometry, bulkiness and polarity of the resin cation on selectivity. The type of resin matrix, the hydrophobic nature of the resin surface and the degree of solvation also affect chromatographic behavior. The selectivity series observed in ion chromatography seems to be best explained by the interplay of two components: electrostatic attraction (ES) and the enforced-pairing (EP) that is brought about by hydrophobic attraction and by water-enforced ion pairing. Selectivity in ion-pair chromatography (IPC) and in zwitterion ion chromatography (ZIC) is affected by both the mobile phase cation and anion. This leads to elution orders for anions that are different from conventional ion-exchange chromatography (IC) of anions where cations are excluded from the stationary phase and have little effect on a separation. The elution order of anions in ZIC is similar to that in IC except for small anions of 2- charge, which are retained more weakly in ZIC. A unique advantage of ZIC is that sample ions can be eluted as ion pairs with pure water as the eluent and a conductivity detector. The mechanism for separation of anions on a zwitterionic stationary phase has been a subject for considerable debate. The available facts point strongly to a partitioning mechanism or a mixed mechanism in which partitioning is dominant with a weaker ion-exchange component. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kniss@ameslab.gov NR 49 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 1085 IS 1 BP 8 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.087 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 951QK UT WOS:000230945300003 PM 16106841 ER PT J AU Yan, Z Chen, YX Ye, ML Fritz, JS AF Yan, Z Chen, YX Ye, ML Fritz, JS TI Preparation and applications of weak acid cation exchanger based on monodisperse poly (ethylvinylbenzene-co-divinylbezene) beads SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Ion Chromatograhy Symposium CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL Trier, GERMANY DE cations; stationary phase; poly(ethylvinylbenzene-co-divinylbezene); monodisperse ID COATED STATIONARY-PHASE; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEPARATION AB New technology is reported here for the synthesis of an effective weak acid-cation exchanger for ion chromatography. Monodisperse macroporous poly(ethylvinylbenzene-co-divinylbezene) (PEVB-DVB) beads of 5 mu m diameter were prepared by a two-step swelling and polymerization method. Then carboxyl groups were introduced by polymerization of maleic anhydride with unreacted vinyl groups on the resin beads, followed by hydrolysis of the maleic anhydride groups. A column packed with the carboxylate beads was used to separate alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in a single isocratic run. Separations were found to be better than those with similar resin particles that are simply coated with maleic acid. The columns containing the new particles were 100% compatible with solvents commonly used for HPLC. Additionally, the prepared column was stable and could be used for a long time in a wide range of pH. The column gave good resolution, low detection limits and good repeatability for the separation of common cations. Satisfactory results were also obtained for separations of organic amines and of common cations in rainwater. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Hangzhou 310028, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yan, Z (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM zhuyan@zju.edu.cn NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 1085 IS 1 BP 18 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.053 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 951QK UT WOS:000230945300004 ER PT J AU Zhu, Y Guo, YY Ye, ML James, FS AF Zhu, Y Guo, YY Ye, ML James, FS TI Separation and simultaneous determination of four artificial sweeteners in food and beverages by ion chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Ion Chromatograhy Symposium CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL Trier, GERMANY DE artificial sweeteners; eluent generator; ion chromatography; aspartame; sodium cyclamate; acesulfame-K; sodium saccharin ID ASPARTAME; SACCHARIN; PRESERVATIVES; CAFFEINE; PRODUCTS; HPLC AB In this paper, the separation and determination of four artificial sweeteners (aspartame, sodium cyclamate, acesulfame-K and sodium saccharin) by ion chromatography coupled with suppressed conductivity detector is reported. The four artificial sweeteners were separated using KOH eluent generator. Due to the use of eluent generator, very low conductance background conductivity can be obtained and sensitivity of sweeteners has been greatly improved. Under the experimental condition, several inorganic anions, such as F-, Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, Br-, SO42-, PO43- and some organic acid such as formate, acetate, benzoate, and citrate did not interfere with the determination. With this method, good linear relationship, sensitivity and reproducibility were obtained. Detection limits of aspartame, sodium cyclamate, acesulfame-K, sodium saccharin were 0.87, 0.032, 0.019, 0.045 mg/L, respectively. Rate of recovery were between 98.23 and 105.42%, 99.48 and 103.57%, 97.96 and 103.23%, 98.46 and 102.40%, respectively. The method has successfully applied to the determination of the four sweeteners in drinks and preserved fruits. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Zhu, Y (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China. EM zhuyan@zju.edu.cn NR 14 TC 74 Z9 106 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 1085 IS 1 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.042 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 951QK UT WOS:000230945300023 PM 16106861 ER PT J AU Steiner, SA Watson, DM Fritz, JS AF Steiner, SA Watson, DM Fritz, JS TI Ion association with alkylammonium cations for separation of anions by capillary electrophoresis SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Ion Chromatograhy Symposium CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL Trier, GERMANY DE capillary electrophoresis; BGE; alkylammonium cations; anions ID HIGH-SALT CONCENTRATIONS; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; ISOTOPIC-SEPARATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; ADDITIVES AB A background electrolyte (BGE) containing a 100 mM concentration of an alkylammonium cation with ethyl, propyl or butyl groups provides an excellent medium for separation of anions by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Two major effects were noted. Use of one of a series of alkylammonium cations in the BGE at a selected pH provides a simple and effective way to vary and control electroosmotic flow (EOF) over a broad range. It is believed that the alkylammonium cations are coated onto the capillary surface through a reversible dynamic equilibrium. Secondly, alkylammonium cations modify the electrophoretic migration of sample anions and the electroosmotic migration of neutral organic analytes by association interaction. This selective interaction results in improved anion separations and permits the simultaneous separation of neutral analytes. The degree of association interaction varies with the bulk and hydrophobicity of the alkylammonium cations. Incorporation of an aliphatic amine salt of moderate molecular weight in the running electrolyte provides a valuable new way to vary the migration times of sample anions and to optimize their resolution. The interactions between alkylammonium cations and sample anions or neutral organics appear to take place entirely within the liquid phase and do not require a polymeric or micellar pseudo phase. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Engn Phys, Platteville, WI 53818 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kniss@ameslab.gov NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 1085 IS 1 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.070 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 951QK UT WOS:000230945300027 PM 16106865 ER PT J AU Striebel, K Shim, J Sierra, A Yang, H Song, XY Kostecki, R McCarthy, K AF Striebel, K Shim, J Sierra, A Yang, H Song, XY Kostecki, R McCarthy, K TI The development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE lithium-ion; post-test; LiFePO4; LiBOB; Raman spectroscopy ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; GRAPHITE; PERFORMANCE; CELLS AB Pouch type LiFePO4-natural graphite lithium-ion cells were cycled at constant current with periodic pulse-power testing in several different configurations. Components were analyzed after cycling with electrochemical, Raman and TEM techniques to determine capacity fade mechanisms. The cells with carbon-coated current collectors in the cathode and LiBOB-salt electrolyte showed the best performance stability. In many cases, irons species were detected on the anodes removed from cells with both TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The LiFePO4 electrodes showed unchanged capacity suggesting that the iron is migrating in small quantities and is acting as a catalyst to destabilize the anode SEI in these cells. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Striebel, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kastriebel@lbl.gov RI Yang, Hui/B-3249-2012 OI Yang, Hui/0000-0003-4035-8894 NR 19 TC 95 Z9 102 U1 5 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.119 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700007 ER PT J AU Amine, K Liu, J Belharouak, I Kang, SH Bloom, I Vissers, D Henriksen, G AF Amine, K Liu, J Belharouak, I Kang, SH Bloom, I Vissers, D Henriksen, G TI Advanced cathode materials for high-power applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE high-power Li-ion cell; lithium manganese spinel; Li1+xNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2; lithium bisoxalatoborate ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CELLS; ELECTRODES AB In our efforts to develop low cost high-power Li-ion batteries with excellent safety, as well as long cycle and calendar life, lithium manganese oxide spinet and layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode materials were investigated. Our studies with the graphite/LiPF6/spinel cells indicated a very significant degradation of capacity with cycling at 55 degrees C. This degradation was caused by the reduction of manganese ions on the graphite surface which resulted in a significant increase of the charge-transfer impedance at the anode/electrolyte interface. To improve the stability of the spinet, we investigatcd an alternative salt that would not generate HF acid that may attack the spinet. The alternative salt we selected for this work was lithium bisoxalatoborate, LiB(C2O4)(2) ("LiBoB"). In this case, the graphite/LiBoB/spinel Li-ion cells exhibited much improved cycle/calendar life at 55 degrees C and better abuse tolerance, as well as excellent power. A second system based on LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 layered material was also investigated and its performance was compared to commercial LiNi(0.8)CO(0.15)A(0.05)O(2). Cells based on LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 showed lower power fade and better thermal safety than the LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2-based commercial cells under similar test conditions. Li-ion cells based on the material with excess lithium (Li1.1Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2) exhibited excellent power performance that exceeded the FreedomCAR requirements. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amine@cmt.anl.gov RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; OI Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 NR 11 TC 55 Z9 63 U1 4 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.227 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700020 ER PT J AU Doughty, DH Roth, EP Crafts, CC Nagasubramanian, G Henriksen, G Amine, K AF Doughty, DH Roth, EP Crafts, CC Nagasubramanian, G Henriksen, G Amine, K TI Effects of additives on thermal stability of Li ion cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE abuse testing/tolerance; electrolyte additives; Li ion cell; block temperature AB Li ion cells are being developed for high-power applications in hybrid electric vehicles, because these cells offer superior combination of power and energy density over current cell chemistries. Cells using this chemistry are proposed for battery systems in both internal combustion engine and fuel cell-powered hybrid electric vehicles. However, the safety of these cells needs to be understood and improved for eventual widespread commercial applications. The thermal-abuse response of Li ion cells has been improved by the incorporation of more stable anode carbons and electrolyte additives. Electrolyte solutions containing vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tris(trifluoroethyl)phosphate (TFP) as well as some proprietary flame-retardant additives were evaluated. Test cells in the 18,650 configuration were built at Sandia National Laboratories using new stable electrode materials and electrolyte additives. A special test fixture was designed to allow determination of self-generated cell heating during a thermal ramp profile. The flammability of vented gas and expelled electrolyte was studied using a novel arrangement of a spark generator placed near the cell to ignite vent gas if a flammable gas mixture was present. Flammability of vent gas was somewhat reduced by the presence of certain additives. Accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) was also used to characterize 18,650-size test cell heat and gas generation. Gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and was found to Consist Of CO2, H-2, CO, methane, ethane, ethylene and small amounts of C1-C4 organic molecules. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Doughty, DH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dhdough@sandia.gov RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 8 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 116 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.170 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700021 ER PT J AU Chung, KY Yoon, WS Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J Deng, BH Wang, XQ Yoshio, M Wang, R Gui, J Okada, M AF Chung, KY Yoon, WS Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J Deng, BH Wang, XQ Yoshio, M Wang, R Gui, J Okada, M TI Comparative studies between oxygen-deficient LiMn2O4 and Al-doped LiMn2O4 SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE LiMn2O4; capacity fading; Al-substitution; phase transition; in situ X-ray diffraction ID STRUCTURAL FATIGUE; SPINEL ELECTRODES; CATHODE MATERIALS AB Lithium-rich and Al-doped spinel materials with good capacity retention when cycled at high temperature have been synthesized. These materials have been studied in comparison with oxygen-deficient spinel using X-ray diffraction at room temperature (RT, 25 degrees C) and low temperature (LT, -30 degrees C). The XRD spectra at LT and RT showed that Al-doped spinel materials have superior structural stability against oxygen loss during heat treatment at 660 degrees C under Ar atmosphere. The in situ XRD spectra collected during cycling at high temperature (HT, 55 degrees C) showed that Al-doped spinel materials had better cycle performances and it was closely related to the structural stability against oxygen loss during charge-discharge cycling. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Saga Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Saga 8408502, Japan. Wuhan Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. TOSOH Corp, NANYO Res Lab, Shunan 7498501, Japan. RP Chung, KY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kychung@bnl.gov RI Chung, Kyung Yoon/E-4646-2011; Yoon, Won-Sub/H-2343-2011 OI Chung, Kyung Yoon/0000-0002-1273-746X; NR 12 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 226 EP 231 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.033 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700044 ER PT J AU Zaghib, K Charest, P Guerfi, A Shim, J Perrier, M Striebel, K AF Zaghib, K Charest, P Guerfi, A Shim, J Perrier, M Striebel, K TI LiFePO4 safe Li-ion polymer batteries for clean environment SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE natural graphite; LiFePO4; Li-ion battery; gel electrolyte; polymer; LiFSI salt; HEV; ARC; safety AB The performance of natural graphite-fibers/PEO-based gel electrolyte/LiFePO4 cells (7 mAh, 4 cm(2)) is reported. The gel polymer electrolytes were produced by electron-beam irradiation and then soaked in a liquid electrolyte. The natural graphite-fiber composite anode in gel electrolyte containing 1.5 M LiFSI-EC/GBL (1:3) exhibited high reversible capacity (361 mAh g(-1)) and high Coulombic efficiency (92%). The LiFePO4 cathode in the same gel polymer exhibited a reversible capacity of 161 mAh g(-1) and 93% Coulombic efficiency. A 1.5 M solution of LiFSI in ethylene carbonate (EC)/gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) (1:3, v/v) mixed solvent is advantageous for use as the electrolyte in the laminated film bag because of its high flame point (135 degrees C), high boiling point (219 degrees C), low vapor pressure and high conductivity (10.2 mS cm(-1) at 20 degrees C). The Li-ion gel polymer battery shows a very low capacity fade of 5% after 500 cycles and also has high-rate capability. The Li-ion gel polymer cell using LiFePO4 cathodes is suitable for HEV applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zaghib, K (reprint author), Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, 1800 Lionel Boulet, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada. EM zahjib.karim@ireq.ca NR 8 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 380 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.141 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700075 ER PT J AU Yada, C Iriyama, Y Jeong, SK Abe, T Inaba, M Ogumi, Z AF Yada, C Iriyama, Y Jeong, SK Abe, T Inaba, M Ogumi, Z TI Electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE LiFePO4; pulsed laser deposition (PLD); thin film; rechargeable lithium battery AB Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) thin film electrodes were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The thin films were annealed at various temperatures under argon gas flow and the influence of annealing temperature on their electrochemical performance was studied. The thin films annealed at 773 and 873 K exhibited a couple of redox peaks at 3.4 V (versus Li/Li+) that are characteristics of the electrochemical lithium insertion/extraction of LiFePO4. Atomic force, microscopy (AFM) observation revealed that the film annealed at 773 K (773 K-film) consisted of small grains with 50 nm in thickness, and the grain size increased with an increase of annealing temperature. Because of its small-sized grains, the 773 K-film showed high rate capability and the discharge capacity at 10 mu A maintained 65% of that at 25 nA. However, the discharge capacity of the 773 K-film was ca. 10%, smaller than that of the film annealed at 873 K, indicating that annealing at 773 K is slightly insufficient to obtain well-crystallized LiFePO4. From these results, it was concluded that a point of optimization between high rate capability and capacity would be found between 773 and 873 K. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Nishigyo Ku, Kyoto 6158510, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Doshisha Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Kyoto 6100321, Japan. RP Iriyama, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Nishigyo Ku, Katsura Campus, Kyoto 6158510, Japan. EM iriyama@elech.kuic.kyoto-u.ac.jp RI Abe, Takeshi/F-2544-2010 NR 8 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 559 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.117 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700112 ER PT J AU Kang, SH Belharouak, I Sun, YK Amine, K AF Kang, SH Belharouak, I Sun, YK Amine, K TI Effect of fluorine on the electrochemical properties of layered Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O-2 cathode materials SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE Li-ion battery; Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O-2; layered material; fluorine substitution ID NICKEL OXYFLUORIDE LI-1-ZNI1+ZFYO2-Y; LITHIUM INSERTION MATERIAL; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; ION BATTERIES; LINI1/2MN1/2O2 AB Fluorine-doped Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O-2 or Li(Ni0.5+0.5zMn0.5-0.5z)O2-zFz (0 <= z <= 0.2) has been synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the synthesized materials had layered alpha-NaFeO2-type structure (R (3) over barm); the Rietveld analysis revealed that lattice parameters (a and c of hexagonal setting) and degree of cation mixing increased with increasing fluorine content (z). Initial discharge capacity of the cathode materials increased with z, showed maximum at z=0.02, and decreased afterwards. At the same time, impedance of the cathode materials decreased with z, reached minimum at z=0.02, and then increased afterwards. Among the materials prepared and studied in this work, Li(Ni0.51Mn0.49)O1.98F0.02 exhibited the best electrochemical properties in terms of capacity (151 mAh g(-1)), impedance (67 Omega cm(2)) and cycleability (no capacity fading up to 40 cycles). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hanyang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amine@cmt.anl.gov RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010; Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 NR 13 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 650 EP 653 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.084 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700131 ER PT J AU Kang, SH Amine, K AF Kang, SH Amine, K TI Layered Li(Li0.2Ni0.15+0.5zCo0.10Mn0.55-0.5z)O-2-F-z(z) cathode materials for Li-ion secondary batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE Li-ion battery; Li(Li,Ni,Co,Mn)O-2; layered material; fluorine doping AB Electrochemical properties of layered Li(Li0.2Ni0.15+0.5zCo0.10Mn0.55-0.5zO2-zFz (0 <= z <= 0.10), which was synthesized by a sol-gel method, were investigated by galvanostatic cycling in the voltage range of 2.0-4.6 V at room temperature as well as at 55 degrees C. The initial discharge capacity slightly decreased with the increase in the content of fluorine dopant. However, cycling performance was greatly improved and cell impedance was significantly reduced by the fluorine doping. Capacity retention after 40 cycles at room temperature and the area specific impedance were 79% and 150 Omega cm(2) for z = 0, respectively, and 103% and 65 Omega cm(2) for z = 0.05, respectively. The Li(Li0.2Ni0.175Co0.10Mn0.525)O1.95F0.05 material charged to 4.6V also exhibited excellent thermal behavior due to the stability of the fully charged material. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amine@cmt.anl.gov RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 6 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 654 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.152 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700132 ER PT J AU Clark, NH Doughty, DH AF Clark, NH Doughty, DH TI Development and testing of 100 kW/1 min Li-ion battery systems for energy storage applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE Li-ion; battery systems; energy storage applications AB Two 100 kW min(-1) (1.67 kW h(-1)) Li-ion battery energy storage systems (BESS) are described. The systems include a high-power Li-ion battery and a 100 kW power conditioning system (PCS). The battery consists of 12 modules of 12 series-connected Saft Li-ion VL30P cells. The stored energy of the battery ranges from 1.67 to 14 kW h(-1) and has an operating voltage window of 515-405V (dc). Two complete systems were designed, built and successfully passed factory acceptance testing after which each was deployed in a field demonstration. The first demonstration used the system to supplement distributed microturbine generation and to provide load following capability. The system was run at its rated power level for 3 min, which exceeded the battery design goal by a factor of 3. The second demonstration used another system as a stand-alone uninterrupted power supply (UPS). The system was available (online) for 1146 h and ran for over 2 min. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Power Sources Technol Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Doughty, DH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Power Sources Technol Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dhdough@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 798 EP 803 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.169 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700165 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Buszello, CP Butler, JM Cammin, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E De Oliveira Martins, C Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gillberg, D Ginther, G Golling, T Gollub, N Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harel, A Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Kim, TJ Klima, B Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Meyer, J Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Otero y Garzon, GJ Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Pawloski, G Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pompos, A Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Robinson, S Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwanenberger, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Vu Anh, T Wahl, HD Wang, L Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Buszello, CP Butler, JM Cammin, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E De Oliveira Martins, C Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gillberg, D Ginther, G Golling, T Gollub, N Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harel, A Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Kim, TJ Klima, B Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Meyer, J Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Otero y Garzon, GJ Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Pawloski, G Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pompos, A Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Robinson, S Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwanenberger, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Vu Anh, T Wahl, HD Wang, L Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG TI Search for randall-sundrum gravitons in dilepton and diphoton final states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIERARCHY AB We report the first direct search for the Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of Randall-Sundrum gravitons using dielectron, dimuon, and diphoton events observed with the D0 detector operating at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar Collider at root s = 1: 96 TeV. No evidence for resonant production of gravitons has been found in the data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximate to 260 pb(-1). Lower limits on the mass of the first KK mode at the 95% C. L. have been set between 250 and 785 GeV, depending on its coupling to standard model particles. C1 Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Clermont Ferrand, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, IN2P3, CNRS, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, F-75221 Paris, France. CEA, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Louis Pasteur Strasbourg 1, IRES, IN2P3, CNRS, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014 OI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 091801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.091801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600019 PM 16197208 ER PT J AU Armstrong, DS Arvieux, J Asaturyan, R Averett, T Bailey, SL Batigne, G Beck, DH Beise, EJ Benesch, J Bimbot, L Birchall, J Biselli, A Bosted, P Boukobza, E Breuer, H Carlini, R Carr, R Chant, N Chao, YC Chattopadhyay, S Clark, R Covrig, S Cowley, A Dale, D Davis, C Falk, W Finn, JM Forest, T Franklin, G Furget, C Gaskell, D Grames, J Griffioen, KA Grimm, K Guillon, B Guler, H Hannelius, L Hasty, R Allen, AH Horn, T Johnston, K Jones, M Kammel, P Kazimi, R King, PM Kolarkar, A Korkmaz, E Korsch, W Kox, S Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Lee, L Lenoble, J Liatard, E Liu, J Loupias, B Lung, A MacLachlan, GA Marchand, D Martin, JW McFarlane, KW McKee, DW McKeown, RD Merchez, F Mkrtchyan, H Moffit, B Morlet, M Nakagawa, I Nakahara, K Nakos, M Neveling, R Niccolai, S Ong, S Page, S Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Phillips, SK Pitt, ML Poelker, M Porcelli, TA Quemener, G Quinn, B Ramsay, WD Rauf, AW Real, JS Roche, J Roos, P Rutledge, GA Secrest, J Simicevic, N Smith, GR Spayde, DT Stepanyan, S Stutzman, M Sulkosky, V Tadevosyan, V Tieulent, R van de Wiele, J van Oers, W Voutier, E Vulcan, W Warren, G Wells, SP Williamson, SE Wood, SA Yan, C Yun, J Zeps, V AF Armstrong, DS Arvieux, J Asaturyan, R Averett, T Bailey, SL Batigne, G Beck, DH Beise, EJ Benesch, J Bimbot, L Birchall, J Biselli, A Bosted, P Boukobza, E Breuer, H Carlini, R Carr, R Chant, N Chao, YC Chattopadhyay, S Clark, R Covrig, S Cowley, A Dale, D Davis, C Falk, W Finn, JM Forest, T Franklin, G Furget, C Gaskell, D Grames, J Griffioen, KA Grimm, K Guillon, B Guler, H Hannelius, L Hasty, R Allen, AH Horn, T Johnston, K Jones, M Kammel, P Kazimi, R King, PM Kolarkar, A Korkmaz, E Korsch, W Kox, S Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Lee, L Lenoble, J Liatard, E Liu, J Loupias, B Lung, A MacLachlan, GA Marchand, D Martin, JW McFarlane, KW McKee, DW McKeown, RD Merchez, F Mkrtchyan, H Moffit, B Morlet, M Nakagawa, I Nakahara, K Nakos, M Neveling, R Niccolai, S Ong, S Page, S Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Phillips, SK Pitt, ML Poelker, M Porcelli, TA Quemener, G Quinn, B Ramsay, WD Rauf, AW Real, JS Roche, J Roos, P Rutledge, GA Secrest, J Simicevic, N Smith, GR Spayde, DT Stepanyan, S Stutzman, M Sulkosky, V Tadevosyan, V Tieulent, R van de Wiele, J van Oers, W Voutier, E Vulcan, W Warren, G Wells, SP Williamson, SE Wood, SA Yan, C Yun, J Zeps, V TI Strange-quark contributions to parity-violating asymmetries in the forward G0 electron-proton scattering experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; NEUTRAL-CURRENT; EP-SCATTERING AB We have measured parity-violating asymmetries in elastic electron-proton scattering over the range of momentum transfers 0.12 <= Q(2)<= 1.0 GeV2. These asymmetries, arising from interference of the electromagnetic and neutral weak interactions, are sensitive to strange-quark contributions to the currents of the proton. The measurements were made at Jefferson Laboratory using a toroidal spectrometer to detect the recoiling protons from a liquid hydrogen target. The results indicate nonzero, Q(2) dependent, strange-quark contributions and provide new information beyond that obtained in previous experiments. C1 Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Paris 11, Inst Phys Nucl Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 St Martin Dheres, France. Univ Illinois, Loomis Lab Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20472 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. CALTECH, Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ No British Columbia, Dept Phys, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Winnipeg, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. RP Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RI Averett, Todd/A-2969-2011; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014; Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014; Liu, Jianglai/P-2587-2015; OI Quemener, Gilles/0000-0001-6703-6655; Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378; Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X; Liu, Jianglai/0000-0002-4563-3157; King, Paul/0000-0002-3448-2306 NR 29 TC 214 Z9 217 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 092001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.092001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600020 PM 16197209 ER PT J AU Drummond, ND Williamson, AJ Needs, RJ Galli, G AF Drummond, ND Williamson, AJ Needs, RJ Galli, G TI Electron emission from diamondoids: A diffusion quantum Monte Carlo study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; NANOCRYSTALS; CONFINEMENT; PRINCIPLES; ENERGIES; SURFACE AB We present density-functional theory (DFT) and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations designed to resolve experimental and theoretical controversies over the optical properties of H-terminated C nanoparticles (diamondoids). The QMC results follow the trends of well-converged plane-wave DFT calculations for the size dependence of the optical gap, but they predict gaps that are 1-2 eV higher. They confirm that quantum confinement effects disappear in diamondoids larger than 1 nm, which have gaps below that of bulk diamond. Our QMC calculations predict a small exciton binding energy and a negative electron affinity (NEA) for diamondoids up to 1 nm, resulting from the delocalized nature of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. The NEA suggests a range of possible applications of diamondoids as low-voltage electron emitters. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, TCM Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, TCM Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. EM williamson10@llnl.gov RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Needs, Richard/C-2931-2013; Drummond, Neil/N-3129-2016 OI Drummond, Neil/0000-0003-0128-9523 NR 26 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 096801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.096801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600047 PM 16197235 ER PT J AU Duffy, L Sikivie, P Tanner, DB Asztalos, S Hagmann, C Kinion, D Rosenberg, LJ van Bibber, K Yu, D Bradley, RF AF Duffy, L Sikivie, P Tanner, DB Asztalos, S Hagmann, C Kinion, D Rosenberg, LJ van Bibber, K Yu, D Bradley, RF TI Results of a search for cold flows of dark matter axions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRONG CP PROBLEM; INVISIBLE-AXION; HARMLESS AXION; HALO DENSITY; INVARIANCE; PSEUDOPARTICLES; CONSERVATION; CONSTRAINTS; COSMOLOGY AB Theoretical arguments predict that the distribution of cold dark matter in spiral galaxies has peaks in velocity space associated with nonthermalized flows of dark matter particles. We searched for the corresponding peaks in the spectrum of microwave photons from axion to photon conversion in a cavity detector for dark matter axions. We found none and place limits on the density of any local flow of axions as a function of the flow velocity dispersion over the axion mass range 1.98 to 2.17 mu eV. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. OI Duffy, Leanne/0000-0002-0123-6723 NR 35 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 091304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.091304 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600017 PM 16197206 ER PT J AU Gagne, CJ Gould, H Klein, W Lookman, T Saxena, A AF Gagne, CJ Gould, H Klein, W Lookman, T Saxena, A TI Simulations of spinodal nucleation in systems with elastic interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEPLY QUENCHED LIQUIDS; TRANSFORMATIONS; DISLOCATIONS; DYNAMICS; PATTERN; GROWTH; MEDIA AB Systems with long-range interactions quenched into a metastable state near the pseudospinodal exhibit nucleation that is qualitatively different from classical nucleation near the coexistence curve. We observe nucleation droplets in Langevin simulations of a two-dimensional model of martensitic transformations and determine that the structure of the nucleating droplet differs from the stable martensite structure. Our results, together with experimental measurements of the phonon dispersion curve, allow us to predict the nature of the droplet. The results have implications for nucleation in many solid-solid transitions and the structure of the final state. C1 Clark Univ, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clark Univ, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 095701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.095701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600040 PM 16197228 ER PT J AU Hong, W Lee, HN Yoon, M Christen, HM Lowndes, DH Suo, ZG Zhang, ZY AF Hong, W Lee, HN Yoon, M Christen, HM Lowndes, DH Suo, ZG Zhang, ZY TI Persistent step-flow growth of strained films on vicinal substrates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; SRRUO3 FILMS; DIFFUSION; SUPERLATTICES; DIFFRACTION; INSTABILITY; ELASTICITY; DEPOSITION; STRESS AB We propose a model of persistent step flow, emphasizing dominant kinetic processes and strain effects. Within this model, we construct a morphological phase diagram, delineating a regime of step flow from regimes of step bunching and island formation. In particular, we predict the existence of concurrent step bunching and island formation, a new growth mode that competes with step flow for phase space, and show that the deposition flux and temperature must be chosen within a window in order to achieve persistent step flow. The model rationalizes the diverse growth modes observed in pulsed laser deposition of SrRuO3 on SrTiO3. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Hong, W (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Hong, Wei/B-1537-2008; Suo, Zhigang/B-1067-2008; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Lee, Ho Nyung/K-2820-2012; Yoon, Mina/A-1965-2016 OI Hong, Wei/0000-0001-6598-3456; Suo, Zhigang/0000-0002-4068-4844; Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Lee, Ho Nyung/0000-0002-2180-3975; Yoon, Mina/0000-0002-1317-3301 NR 29 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 095501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.095501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600035 PM 16197223 ER PT J AU Li, JH Stokes, DW Caha, O Ammu, SL Bai, J Bassler, KE Moss, SC AF Li, JH Stokes, DW Caha, O Ammu, SL Bai, J Bassler, KE Moss, SC TI Morphological instability in InAs/GaSb superlattices due to interfacial bonds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; MU-M; GROWTH; LATTICE AB Synchrotron x-ray diffraction is used to compare the misfit strain and composition in a self-organized nanowire array in an InAs/GaSb superlattice with InSb interfacial bonds to a planar InAs/GaSb superlattice with GaAs interfacial bonds. It is found that the morphological instability that occurs in the nanowire array results from the large misfit strain that the InSb interfacial bonds have in the nanowire array. Based on this result, we propose that tailoring the type of interfacial bonds during the epitaxial growth of III-V semiconductor films provides a novel approach for producing the technologically important morphological instability in anomalously thin layers. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Supercond & Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, JH (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Caha, Ondrej/E-4716-2012; Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 096104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.096104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600044 PM 16197232 ER PT J AU Mihaila, B Gaudio, S Blagoev, KB Balatsky, AV Littlewood, PB Smith, DL AF Mihaila, B Gaudio, S Blagoev, KB Balatsky, AV Littlewood, PB Smith, DL TI Density and spin response functions in ultracold fermionic atom gases SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MOLECULES; PHASE AB We propose a new method of detecting the onset of superfluidity in a two-component ultracold fermionic gas of atoms governed by an attractive short-range interaction. By studying the two-body correlation functions we find that a measurement of the momentum distribution of the density and spin-response functions allows one to access separately the normal and anomalous densities. The change in sign at low momentum transfer of the normal-ordered part of the density response function signals the transition between a BEC and a BCS regime, characterized by small and large pairs, respectively. This change in sign of the density response function represents an unambiguous signature of the BEC-to-BCS crossover. Spin rotational symmetry breaking due to the magnetic field, if observed, can be used to validate the one-channel model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02167 USA. Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 OHE, England. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814 NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 090402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.090402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600002 PM 16197191 ER PT J AU Raty, JY Gygi, F Galli, G AF Raty, JY Gygi, F Galli, G TI Growth of carbon nanotubes on metal nanoparticles: A microscopic mechanism from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PATTERNED GROWTH; CATALYST; GRADIENT AB We report on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the early stages of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) growth on metal nanoparticles. Our results show that a sp2 bonded cap is formed on an iron catalyst, following the diffusion of C atoms from hydrocarbon precursors on the nanoparticle surface. The weak adhesion between the cap and iron enables the graphene sheet to "float" on the curved surface, as additional C atoms covalently bonded to the catalyst "hold" the tube walls. Hence the SWCNT grows capped. At the nanoscale, we did not observe any tendency of C atoms to penetrate inside the catalyst, consistent with total energy calculations showing that alloying of Fe and C is very unlikely for 1 nm particles. Root growth was observed on Fe but not on Au, consistent with experiment. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liege, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium. RP Raty, JY (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 222 Z9 225 U1 5 U2 101 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 096103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.096103 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600043 PM 16197231 ER PT J AU Samuely, P Szabo, P Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL AF Samuely, P Szabo, P Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL TI Comment on "Band filling and interband scattering effects in MgB2: Carbon versus aluminium doping" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 IEP SAS & UPJS, Ctr Low Temp Phys, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. DPA ISU, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP IEP SAS & UPJS, Ctr Low Temp Phys, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 9 AR 099701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.099701 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 959FR UT WOS:000231503600078 ER PT J AU Rowsell, JLC Spencer, EC Eckert, J Howard, JAK Yaghi, OM AF Rowsell, JLC Spencer, EC Eckert, J Howard, JAK Yaghi, OM TI Gas adsorption sites in a large-pore metal-organic framework SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; COORDINATION POLYMER; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HYDROGEN; MOLECULES; METHANE; STORAGE; DESIGN; DIFFUSIVITY; INCLUSION AB The primary adsorption sites for Ar and N-2 within metal-organic framework-5, a cubic structure composed of Zn4O(CO2)(6) units and phenylene links defining large pores 12 and 15 angstroms in diameter, have been identified by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. Refinement of data collected between 293 and 30 kelvin revealed a total of eight symmetry-independent adsorption sites. Five of these are sites on the zinc oxide unit and the organic link; the remaining three sites form a second layer in the pores. The structural integrity and high symmetry of the framework are retained throughout, with-negligible changes resulting from gas adsorption. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Mat Design & Discovery Grp, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr 12, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yaghi, OM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Mat Design & Discovery Grp, 930 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM oyaghi@umich.edu RI Howard, Judith /H-7113-2012; OI Yaghi, Omar/0000-0002-5611-3325 NR 30 TC 601 Z9 611 U1 26 U2 244 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5739 BP 1350 EP 1354 DI 10.1126/science.1113247 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TX UT WOS:000231543300037 PM 16123294 ER PT J AU Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA AF Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA TI High frictional anisotropy of periodic and aperiodic directions on a quasicrystal surface SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY; MONOLAYER; OXIDATION; PHASE AB Strong friction anisotropy is found when the twofold surface of an atomically clean aluminum-nickel-cobalt quasicrystal slides against a thiol-passivated titanium-nitride tip. Friction along the aperiodic direction is one-eighth as much as that along the periodic direction. This anisotropy, which is about three times as large as the highest value observed in anisotropic crystalline surfaces, disappears after the surface is oxidized in air. These results reveal a strong connection between interface atomic structure and the mechanisms by which energy is dissipated, which likely include electronic or phononic contributions, or both. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbsalmeron@lbl.gov RI Park, Jeong Young/A-2999-2008; Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 26 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 3 U2 47 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5739 BP 1354 EP 1356 DI 10.1126/science.1113239 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TX UT WOS:000231543300038 PM 16123295 ER PT J AU Gans, J Wolinsky, M Dunbar, J AF Gans, J Wolinsky, M Dunbar, J TI Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPECIES ABUNDANCE; DNA; REASSOCIATION; COMMUNITIES; PATTERNS; MODELS AB The complexity of soil bacterial. communities has thus far confounded effective measurement. However, with improved analytical methods, we show that the abundance distribution and total diversity can be deciphered. Reanalysis of reassociation kinetics for bacterial community DNA from pristine and metal-polluted soils showed that a power law best described the abundance distributions. More than one million distinct genomes occurred in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. Metal pollution reduced diversity more than 99.9%, revealing the highly toxic effect of metal contamination, especially for rare taxa. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87501 USA. RP Gans, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87501 USA. NR 19 TC 534 Z9 585 U1 22 U2 220 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5739 BP 1387 EP 1390 DI 10.1126/science.1112665 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TX UT WOS:000231543300048 PM 16123304 ER PT J AU Chevalier, ML Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Finkel, RC Van Der Woerd, J Li, HB Liu, Q AF Chevalier, ML Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Finkel, RC Van Der Woerd, J Li, HB Liu, Q TI Response to comment on "Slip-rate measurements on the Karakorum Fault may imply secular variations in fault motion" SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LATE QUATERNARY GLACIATION; ICE CORE; TIBET; STYLE; AGES C1 Inst Phys Globe, CNRS, UMR 7578, Lab Tecton Mecan Lithosphere, F-75252 Paris, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Inst Phys Globe Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7516, Strasbourg, France. Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Geol, Lab Continental Dynam, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China. Total Explorat China, Total Fina Elf, Beijing 100004, Peoples R China. RP Chevalier, ML (reprint author), Inst Phys Globe, CNRS, UMR 7578, Lab Tecton Mecan Lithosphere, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France. EM chevalie@ipgp.jussieu.fr RI Tapponnier, .Paul/B-7033-2011; Chevalier, Marie-Luce/C-5154-2013; OI Tapponnier, .Paul/0000-0002-7135-1962; Chevalier, Marie-Luce/0000-0001-9110-2456 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5739 DI 10.1126/science.1112629 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TX UT WOS:000231543300026 ER PT J AU Lau, EY Lightstone, FC Colvin, ME AF Lau, EY Lightstone, FC Colvin, ME TI Dynamics of DNA encapsulated in a hydrophobic nanotube SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CARBON NANOTUBES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; SIMULATIONS; TRANSPORT; PROTEINS; CHANNEL; COMPLEX; ELEMENT AB The structural effects on DNA double helices of confinement in hydrophobic nanotubes (NT) with 30 and 40 angstrom diameters have been studied by classical molecular dynamics. For systems with the counter ions included inside the NT, there is little effect on the average DNA secondary structure relative to unconfined DNA. The DNA confined to the 40 angstrom NT shows little change in thermal fluctuations compared to unconfined DNA; however, a decrease is observed in the 30 angstrom NT. Finally, exclusion of ions from the NT leads to structures that deviate significantly from both canonical A- and B-DNA. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95344 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Colvin, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95344 USA. EM mcolvin@ucmerced.edu NR 25 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 412 IS 1-3 BP 82 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.05.129 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 955EF UT WOS:000231207400016 ER PT J AU Kerbyson, DJ Hoisie, A Wasserman, HJ AF Kerbyson, DJ Hoisie, A Wasserman, HJ TI A performance comparison between the Earth Simulator and other terascale systems on a characteristic ASCI workload SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE performance modeling; performance analysis; performance prediction; large-scale systems; application analysis; extreme-scale parallel systems AB This work gives a detailed analysis of the relative performance of the recently installed Earth Simulator and the next top four systems in the Top500 list using predictive performance models. The Earth Simulator uses vector processing nodes interconnected using a single-stage, cross-bar network, whereas the next top four systems are built using commodity based superscalar microprocessors and interconnection networks. The performance that can be achieved results from an interplay of system characteristics, application requirements and scalability behavior. Detailed performance models are used here to predict the performance of two codes representative of the ASCI workload, namely SAGE and Sweep3D. The performance models encapsulate fully the behavior of these codes and have been previously validated on many large-scale systems. One result of this analysis is to size systems, built from the same nodes and networks as those in the top five, that will have the same performance as the Earth Simulator. In particular, the largest ASCI machine, ASCI Q, is expected to achieve a similar performance to the Earth Simulator on the representative workload. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, PAL, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kerbyson, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, PAL, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, CCS-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM djk@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1532-0626 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1219 EP 1238 DI 10.1002/cpe.891 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 952XF UT WOS:000231038600002 ER PT J AU Vetter, JS de Supinski, BR Kissel, L May, J Vaidya, S AF Vetter, JS de Supinski, BR Kissel, L May, J Vaidya, S TI Evaluating high-performance computers SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE high-performance computing; performance evaluation; computer architecture; parallel and distributed computing ID STANDARD; MEMORY; CHIP AB Comparisons of high-performance computers based on their peak floating point performance are common but seldom useful when comparing performance on real workloads. Factors that influence sustained performance extend beyond a system's floating-point units, and real applications exercise machines in complex and diverse ways. Even when it is possible to compare systems based on their performance, other considerations affect which machine is best for a given organization. These include the cost, the facilities requirements (power, floorspace, etc.), the programming model, the existing code base, and so on. This paper describes some of the important measures for evaluating high-performance computers. We present data for many of these metrics based on our experience at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and we compare them with published information on the Earth Simulator. We argue that evaluating systems involves far more than comparing benchmarks and acquisition costs. We show that evaluating systems often involves complex choices among a variety of factors that influence the value of a supercomputer to an organization, and that the high-end computing community should view cost/performance comparisons of different architectures with skepticism. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37992 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Vetter, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37992 USA. EM vetter@computer.org NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1532-0626 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1239 EP 1270 DI 10.1002/cpe.892 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 952XF UT WOS:000231038600003 ER PT J AU Brightwell, R Camp, W Cole, B DeBenedictis, E Leland, R Tomkins, J Maccabe, AB AF Brightwell, R Camp, W Cole, B DeBenedictis, E Leland, R Tomkins, J Maccabe, AB TI Architectural specification for massively parallel computers: an experience and measurement-based approach SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE massively parallel computing; supercomputing; commodity processors; vector processors; Amdahl; shared memory; distributed memory ID NETWORK AB In this paper, we describe the hardware and software architecture of the Red Storm system developed at Sandia National Laboratories. We discuss the evolution of this architecture and provide reasons for the different choices that have been made. We contrast our approach of leveraging high-volume, mass-market commodity processors to that taken for the Earth Simulator. We present a comparison of benchmarks and application performance that support our approach. We also project the performance of Red Storm and the Earth Simulator. This projection indicates that the Red Storm architecture is a much more cost-effective approach to massively parallel computing. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Comp Syst, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Brightwell, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Comp Syst, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rbbrigh@sandia.gov NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1532-0626 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1271 EP 1316 DI 10.1002/cpe.893 PG 46 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 952XF UT WOS:000231038600004 ER PT J AU Jones, PW Worley, PH Yoshida, Y White, JB Levesque, J AF Jones, PW Worley, PH Yoshida, Y White, JB Levesque, J TI Practical performance portability in the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE ocean models; portability; performance; vector; scalar ID GRIDS; MODEL AB The design of the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) is described with an emphasis on portability. Performance of POP is presented on a wide variety of computational architectures, including vector architectures and commodity clusters. Analysis of POP performance across machines is used to characterize performance and identify improvements while maintaining portability. A new design of the POP model, including a cache blocking and land point elimination scheme, is described with some preliminary performance results. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Abiko, Chiba 2701194, Japan. Cray Inc, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Jones, PW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-3,MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pwjones@lanl.gov NR 15 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1532-0626 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1317 EP 1327 DI 10.1002/cpe.894 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 952XF UT WOS:000231038600005 ER PT J AU Plohr, JN Plohr, BJ AF Plohr, JN Plohr, BJ TI Linearized analysis of Richtmyer-Meshkov flow for elastic materials SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY; FORMULATION AB We present a study of Richtmyer-Meshkov flow for elastic materials. This flow, in which a material interface is struck by a shock wave, was originally investigated for gases, where growth of perturbations of the interface is observed. Here we consider two elastic materials in frictionless contact. The governing system of equations comprises conservation laws supplemented by constitutive equations. To analyse it, we linearize the equations around a one-dimensional background solution under the assumption that the perturbation is small. The background problem defines a Riemann problem that is solved numerically; its solution contains transmitted and reflected shock waves in the longitudinal modes. The linearized Rankine-Hugoniot condition provides the interface conditions at the longitudinal and shear waves; the frictionless material interface conditions are also linearized. The resulting equations, a linear system of partial differential equations, is solved numerically using a finite-difference method supplemented by front tracking. In verifying the numerical code, we reproduce growth of the interface in the gas case. For the elastic case, in contrast, we find that the material interface remains bounded: the non-zero shear stiffness stabilizes the flow. In particular, the linear theory remains valid at late time. Moreover, we identify the principal mechanism for the stability of Richtmyer-Meshkov flow for elastic materials: the vorticity deposited on the material interface during shock passage is propagated away by the shear waves, whereas for gas dynamics it stays on the interface. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Plohr, JN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B221, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 537 BP 55 EP 89 DI 10.1017/S0022112005004647 PG 35 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 965FM UT WOS:000231935700003 ER PT J AU Dmitriev, A Chao, JK Thomsen, M Suvorova, A AF Dmitriev, A Chao, JK Thomsen, M Suvorova, A TI Geosynchronous magnetopause crossings on 29-31 October 2003 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WIND DYNAMIC PRESSURE; NEURAL-NETWORK MODEL; EARTHS BOW SHOCK; SOLAR-WIND; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; PLASMA OBSERVATIONS; SHAPE; MAGNETOSPHERE; PULSATIONS; LOCATION AB [1] On 29 - 31 October 2003, numerous geosynchronous magnetopause crossings (GMCs) were identified using magnetic field data from two GOES satellites and plasma data from four Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) satellites. We can distinguish four long-lasting intervals, when geosynchronous satellites observed GMCs in a wide range of local time: at similar to 0600 - 0900 UT 29 October; from similar to 1000 UT 29 October to 0400 UT 30 October; from similar to 1700 UT 30 October to similar to 0800 UT 31 October, and at similar to 1100 - 1300 UT 31 October. During a part of those intervals the GMCs occurred in the dawn and dusk sectors under northward interplanetary magnetic field ( IMF) that indicates to magnetospheric compression by extremely high solar wind pressure. We found that at 0400 - 1000 UT 31 October the compression was accompanied with large-amplitude Pc5 pulsation, which can be attributed to global magnetospheric mode ( cavity resonance). Multiple GMCs were revealed for the time interval of Pc5 pulsation occasion. An amplitude of the magnetopause oscillation in noon sector was estimated of about 0.26 similar to 0.6 R(E). An application of the magnetopause models enabled us studying the magnetopause dawn - dusk asymmetry, which was revealed on the main phase and in maximum of two great geomagnetic storms on 29 and 30 October. We shown that the asymmetry can be formally represented as a shifting of the dayside magnetopause toward the dusk on average distance of 0.2 similar to 0.3 R(E). Besides, in some cases the asymmetry was larger and required a shifting of about 0.4 R(E). It was shown that the magnitude of the dawn - dusk asymmetry is related to the internal geomagnetic disturbances rather than to the external conditions in the IMF. C1 Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Chungli 320, Taiwan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119990, Russia. RP Dmitriev, A (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Chungli 320, Taiwan. EM dalex@jupiter.ss.ncu.edu.tw; jkchao@jupiter.ss.ncu.edu.tw; mthomsen@lanl.gov; alla@dec1.npi.msu.su RI Suvorova, Alla/J-4174-2012; Dmitriev, Alexei/J-6161-2012 OI Suvorova, Alla/0000-0002-5146-0846; Dmitriev, Alexei/0000-0001-8038-251X NR 33 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A8 AR A08209 DI 10.1029/2004JA010582 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 960EJ UT WOS:000231572700001 ER PT J AU Hu, Q Smith, CW Ness, NF Skoug, RM AF Hu, Q Smith, CW Ness, NF Skoug, RM TI On the magnetic topology of October/November 2003 events SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND; FLUX ROPES; EJECTA; RECONSTRUCTION; FIELDS AB [1] We examine the topology of several magnetic ejecta events during October November 2003. The Grad-Shafranov reconstruction results from ACE magnetic and plasma data show magnetic flux rope configurations. Some are large scale, with sizes of tenths of an AU, typical of magnetic clouds. Some are of sizes hundredths of an AU. Their characteristic parameters are reported. Magnetic field data from Wind spacecraft are utilized to compare the prediction from numerical modeling with the actual measurement. Poor to good agreement is achieved. The deviations are discussed, particularly in the context of extremely high-speed solar wind flows. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Hu, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM qiang.hu@ucr.edu NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A9 AR A09S03 DI 10.1029/2004JA010886 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 960EP UT WOS:000231573300002 ER PT J AU Lochan, RC Jung, Y Head-Gordon, M AF Lochan, RC Jung, Y Head-Gordon, M TI Scaled opposite spin second order Moller-Plesset theory with improved physical description of long-range dispersion interactions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY CURVES; BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE; AUXILIARY BASIS-SETS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; ELECTRON CORRELATION; COUPLED-CLUSTER; CORRELATED CALCULATIONS; WATER DIMER; AB-INITIO; MP2 AB Separate scaling of the same-spin and opposite spin contributions to the second-order Moller-Plesset energy can yield statistically improved performance for a variety of chemical problems. If only the opposite spin contribution is scaled, it is also possible to reduce the computational complexity from fifth order to fourth order in system size, with very little degradation of the results. However neither of these scaled MP2 energies recovers the full MP2 result for the dispersion energy of nonoverlapping systems. This deficiency is addressed in this work by using a distance-dependent scaling of the opposite spin correlation energy. The resulting method is compared against the previously proposed scaled MP2 methods on a range of problems involving both short and long-range interactions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Head-Gordon, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Jung, Yousung/D-1676-2010 OI Jung, Yousung/0000-0003-2615-8394 NR 44 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 7598 EP 7605 DI 10.1021/jp0514426 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958DW UT WOS:000231425900032 PM 16834130 ER PT J AU Hart, RT Zwanziger, JW Werner-Zwanziger, U Yates, JR AF Hart, RT Zwanziger, JW Werner-Zwanziger, U Yates, JR TI On the spectral similarity of bridging and nonbridging oxygen in tellurites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; O-17 NMR PARAMETERS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DISILICATE GLASSES; NA-23 NMR; SODIUM; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; APPROXIMATION; ENERGY AB We show by high field O-17 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and by A initio calculations of both the NMR and the oxygen Is photoelectron spectra that the oxygen sites in tellurite glasses show no spectroscopic distinction, even when comparing bridging and nonbridging sites. This is remarkable because two such sites differ formally by a full electronic charge, and they are readily distinguished by these same methods in silicates. We argue that this similarity arises from the symmetry breaking that occurs when the original TeO2 crystal solid forms, due to the pseudo-Jahn-Teller distortion induced by the two additional valence electrons present in Te-IV as compared to Si-IV. C1 Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS, Canada. Dalhousie Univ, Inst Mat Res, Halifax, NS, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Zwanziger, JW (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM jzwanzig@dal.ca RI Yates, Jonathan/E-7339-2010; OI Zwanziger, Josef/0000-0001-9999-7469 NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 7636 EP 7641 DI 10.1021/jp0522405h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958DW UT WOS:000231425900037 PM 16834135 ER PT J AU Ma, YZ Valkunas, L Bachilo, SM Fleming, GR AF Ma, YZ Valkunas, L Bachilo, SM Fleming, GR TI Exciton binding energy in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID RECOMBINATION; SPECTRA AB The exciton binding energy serves as a critical criterion for identification of the nature of elementary excitations (neutral excitons versus a pair of charged carriers) in semiconductor materials. An exciton binding energy of 0.41 eV is determined experimentally for a selected nanotube type, the (8,3) tube, confirming the excitonic nature of the elementary excitations. This determination is made from the energy difference between an electron-hole continuum and its precursor exciton. The electron-hole continuum results from dissociation of excitons following extremely rapid exciton-exciton annihilation and possibly also ultrafast relaxation from the second to the first exciton states and is characterized by distinct spectroscopic and dynamic signatures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lithuania Acad Sci, Inst Phys, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania. Vilnius State Univ, Fac Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Ctr Biol & Environm Nanotechnol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GRFlemin@lbl.gov RI Ma, Yingzhong/L-6261-2016 OI Ma, Yingzhong/0000-0002-8154-1006 NR 33 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15671 EP 15674 DI 10.1021/jp053011t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000002 PM 16852986 ER PT J AU Tao, AR Yang, PD AF Tao, AR Yang, PD TI Polarized surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on coupled metallic nanowires SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; AG FILMS; SCATTERING; MOLECULES; SERS; NANOSTRUCTURES; MONOLAYERS; MECHANISM; JUNCTIONS AB Regular-shaped metal nanocrystals and their ensembles can serve as ideal substrates for studying surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We synthesized well-defined silver nanowires for a systematic study of SERS signal with respect to polarization and structural ordering. The observed dependence on polarization direction confirms prior theoretical predictions that large electromagnetic (EM) fields are localized in the interstitials between adjacent nanowires. We show that these modes are largely dipolar in nature and rely on short-range EM coupling between nanowires. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu NR 29 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 9 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15687 EP 15690 DI 10.1021/jp053353z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000006 PM 16852990 ER PT J AU Luong, AK Gradinaru, GC Chandler, DW Hayden, CC AF Luong, AK Gradinaru, GC Chandler, DW Hayden, CC TI Simultaneous time- and wavelength-resolved fluorescence microscopy of single molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; RESISTIVE-ANODE; PHOTON; IDENTIFICATION; FLUCTUATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN; FRET AB Single fluorophores and single-pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer were studied with a new confocal fluorescence microscope that allows, for the first time, the wavelength and emission time of each detected photon to be simultaneously measured with single molecule sensitivity. In this apparatus, the photons collected from the sample are imaged through a dispersive optical system onto a time and position sensitive photon detector. For each detected photon the detection system records its wavelength, its emission time relative to the excitation pulse, and its absolute emission time. A histogram over many photons can generate a full fluorescence spectrum and correlated decay plot for a single molecule for any time interval. At the single molecule level, this approach makes possible entirely new types of temporal and spectral correlation spectroscopies. This paper presents our initial results on simultaneous time- and wavelength-resolved fluorescence measurements of single rhodamine 6G (R6G), tetramethylrhodarnine (TMR), and Cy3 molecules embedded in thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and of single-pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer between two Alexa fluorophores spaced apart by a short polyproline peptide. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 E Ave,MS 9055, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM akluong@sandia.gov NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15691 EP 15698 DI 10.1021/jp050465h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000007 PM 16852991 ER PT J AU Song, JK Szarko, JM Leone, SR Li, SH Zhao, YP AF Song, JK Szarko, JM Leone, SR Li, SH Zhao, YP TI Ultrafast wavelength-dependent lasing-time dynamics in single ZnO nanotetrapod and nanowire lasers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL THIN-FILMS; ZINC-OXIDE; MICROCAVITY LASERS; HIGH-DENSITY; WAVE-GUIDES; EMISSION; ARRAYS; INJECTION; CARRIERS AB The ultrafast lasing dynamics of single zinc oxide nanotetrapods and nanowires are investigated by two-color femtosecond excitation/optical injection spectroscopy. The transient spectral gain induced by time-delayed optical injection pulses (400 nm) is used to investigate the spectrally and temporally resolved lasing properties in a single tetrapod or nanowire laser excited by 267-nm pulses. The lasing output pulse exhibits a faster lasing decay time than the carrier decays due to the superlinear dependence of the lasing on the carrier density. Lasing at the low-energy side of the gain bandwidth (392 nm) has a full width at half maximum (fwhm) for stimulated emission of 1.7 ps. Lasing at 390 nm, the high-energy side of the gain bandwidth, has a fwhm of 2.1 ps for a single example nanowire. The change in lasing dynamics as a function of wavelength is affected by band gap renormalization, since lasing in the electron-hole plasma regime depends not only on the carrier density but also on the band gap shift with carrier density. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@berkeley.edu RI Zhao, Yiping/A-4968-2008; OI Szarko, Jodi/0000-0002-2181-9408 NR 28 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15749 EP 15753 DI 10.1021/jp051883p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000014 PM 16852998 ER PT J AU Skoulidas, AI Sholl, DS AF Skoulidas, AI Sholl, DS TI Self-diffusion and transport diffusion of light gases in metal-organic framework materials assessed using molecular dynamics simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; MONTE-CARLO; SORPTION PROPERTIES; ARBITRARY LOADINGS; ZEOLITE MEMBRANES; CARBON NANOTUBES; HYDROGEN STORAGE; METHANE STORAGE AB Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials pose an interesting alternative to more traditional nanoporous materials for a variety of separation processes. Separation processes involving nanoporous materials can be controlled by either adsorption equilibrium, diffusive transport rates, or a combination of these factors. Adsorption equilibrium has been studied for a variety of gases in MOFs, but almost nothing is currently known about molecular diffusion rates in MOFs. We have used equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) to probe the self-diffusion and transport diffusion of a number of small gas species in several MOFs as a function of pore loading at room temperature. Specifically, we have studied Ar, CH4, Co-2, N-2, and H-2 diffusion in MOF-5. The diffusion of Ar in MOF-2, MOF-3, and Cu-BTC has been assessed in a similar manner. Our results greatly expand the range of MOFs for which data describing molecular diffusion is available. We discuss the prospects for exploiting molecular transport properties in MOFs in practical separation processes and the future role of MD simulations in screening families of MOFs for these processes. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM sholl@andrew.cmu.edu NR 68 TC 271 Z9 275 U1 17 U2 181 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15760 EP 15768 DI 10.1021/jp051771y PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000016 PM 16853000 ER PT J AU Petrik, NG Kimmel, GA AF Petrik, NG Kimmel, GA TI Low-energy electron-stimulated luminescence of thin H2O and D2O layers on Pt(111) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS SOLID WATER; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; LOW-TEMPERATURE; IRRADIATED ICE; DECAY KINETICS; FILMS; ULTRAVIOLET; DESORPTION; RADIOLUMINESCENCE; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The electron-stimulated luminescence (ESL) from amorphous solid water and crystalline ice films deposited on Pt(111) at 100 K is investigated as a function of the film thickness, incident electron energy (5-1000 eV), isotopic composition, and film structure. The ESL emission spectrum has a characteristic double-peaked shape that has been attributed to a transition between a superexcited state ((C) over tilde) and the dissociative, first excited state ((A) over tilde) in water: (C) over tilde -> (A) over tilde. Comparing the electron-stimulated luminescence and O-2 electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) yields versus incident electron energy, we find the ESL threshold is similar to 3 eV higher than the 02 ESD threshold, which is close to the center of the emission spectrum near 400 nm and supports the (C) over tilde -> (A) over tilde assignment for the ESL. For thin films, radiative and nonradiative interactions with the substrate tend to quench the luminescence. The luminescence yield increases with coverage since the interactions with the substrate become less important. The ESL yield from D2O is similar to 4-5 times higher than that from H2O. With use of layered films of H2O and D2O, this sizable isotopic effect on the ESL is exploited to spatially profile the luminescence emission within the ASW films. These experiments show that most of the luminescence is emitted from within the penetration depth of the incident electron. However, the results depend on the order of the isotopes in the film and can be modeled by assuming some migration of the electronically excited states within the film. The ESL is very sensitive to defects and structural changes in solid water, and the emission yield is significantly higher from amorphous films than from crystalline ice. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kimmel, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Mail Stop K8-88,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM gregory.kimmel@pnl.gov RI Petrik, Nikolay/G-3267-2015; OI Petrik, Nikolay/0000-0001-7129-0752; Kimmel, Greg/0000-0003-4447-2440 NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15835 EP 15841 DI 10.1021/jp044077b PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000028 PM 16853012 ER PT J AU Vieceli, J Roeselova, M Potter, N Dang, LX Garrett, BC Tobias, DJ AF Vieceli, J Roeselova, M Potter, N Dang, LX Garrett, BC Tobias, DJ TI Molecular dynamics simulations of atmospheric oxidants at the air-water interface: Solvation and accommodation of OH and O-3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; DROPLET-TRAIN APPARATUS; MASS-ACCOMMODATION; AIR/WATER INTERFACE; AB-INITIO; AQUEOUS INTERFACE; OZONE; KINETICS; POLARIZABILITY; METHANOL AB A comparative study of OH, O-3, and H2O equilibrium aqueous solvation and gas-phase accommodation on liquid water at 300 K is performed using a combination of ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Polarizable force fields are developed for the interaction potential of OH and O-3 with water. The free energy profiles for transfer of OH and O-3 from the gas phase to the bulk liquid exhibit a pronounced minimum at the surface, but no barrier to solvation in the bulk liquid. The calculated surface excess of each oxidant is comparable to calculated and experimental values for short chain, aliphatic alcohols. Driving forces for the surface activity are discussed in terms of the radial distribution functions and dipole orientation distributions for each molecule in the bulk liquid and at the surface. Simulations of OH, O-3, and H2O impinging on liquid water with a thermal impact velocity are used to calculate thermal accommodation (S) and mass accommodation (a) coefficients. The values of S for OH, O-3, and H2O are 0.95, 0.90, and 0.99, respectively. The approaching molecules are accelerated toward the liquid surface when they are approximately 5 angstrom above it. The molecules that reach thermal equilibrium with the surface do so within 2 ps of striking the surface, while those that do not scatter into the gas phase with excess translational kinetic energy in the direction perpendicular to the surface. The time constants for absorption and desorption range from approximately 35 to 140 ps, and the values of alpha for OH, O-3, and H2O are 0.83, 0.047, and 0.99, respectively. The results are consistent with previous formulations of gas-phase accommodation from simulations, in which the process occurs by rapid thermal and structural equilibration followed by diffusion on the free energy profile. The implications of these results with respect to atmospheric chemistry are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Environm Mol Sci Inst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Ctr Biomol & Complex Mol, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tobias, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Environm Mol Sci Inst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM dtobias@uci.edu RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Roeselova, Martina/B-1029-2012; Tobias, Douglas/B-6799-2015 NR 90 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15876 EP 15892 DI 10.1021/jp051361+ PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000033 PM 16853017 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Kalinichev, AG Kirkpatrick, RJ Cygan, RT AF Wang, JW Kalinichev, AG Kirkpatrick, RJ Cygan, RT TI Structure, energetics, and dynamics of water adsorbed on the muscovite (001) surface: A molecular dynamics simulation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; THIN-FILM WATER; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; INTERLAYER STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MICA; HYDROGEN; MODEL AB Molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations of liquid water adsorbed on the muscovite (001) surface provide a greatly increased, atomistically detailed understanding of surface-related effects on the spatial variation in the structural and orientational ordering, hydrogen bond (H-bond) organization, and local density of H2O molecules at this important model phyllosilicate surface. MD simulations at constant temperature and volume (statistical NVT ensemble) were performed for a series of model systems consisting of a two-layer muscovite slab (representing 8 crystallographic surface unit cells of the substrate) and 0 to 319 adsorbed H2O molecules, probing the atomistic structure and dynamics of surface aqueous films up to 3 nm in thickness. The results do not demonstrate a completely liquid-like behavior, as otherwise suggested from the interpretation of X-ray reflectivity measurements' and earlier Monte Carlo simulations.(2) Instead, a more structurally and orientationally restricted behavior of surface H2O molecules is observed, and this structural ordering extends to larger distances from the surface than previously expected. Even at the largest surface water coverage studied, over 20% of H2O molecules are associated with specific adsorption sites, and another 50% maintain strongly preferred orientations relative to the surface. This partially ordered structure is also different from the well-ordered 2-dimensional ice-like structure predicted by ab initio MD simulations for a system with a complete monolayer water coverage.(3) However, consistent with these ab initio results, our simulations do predict that a full molecular monolayer surface water coverage represents a relatively stable surface structure in terms of the lowest diffusional mobility of H2O molecules along the surface. Calculated energies of water adsorption are in good agreement with available experimental data.(4) C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, NSF Water CAMPWS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, 1301 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jwwang@ucdavis.edu RI Wang, Jianwei/B-2345-2008; Kalinichev, Andrey/B-4519-2008; Wang, Jianwei/B-1827-2009 OI Kalinichev, Andrey/0000-0003-0743-4242; NR 77 TC 129 Z9 131 U1 7 U2 56 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15893 EP 15905 DI 10.1021/jp045299c PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000034 PM 16853018 ER PT J AU Selmarten, D Jones, M Rumbles, G Yu, PR Nedeljkovic, J Shaheen, S AF Selmarten, D Jones, M Rumbles, G Yu, PR Nedeljkovic, J Shaheen, S TI Quenching of semiconductor quantum dot photoluminescence by a pi-conjugated polymer SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; NANOCRYSTALS; CDSE; DEPENDENCE; EMISSION; DYNAMICS; DEVICES; CELLS; INP AB In this communication we discuss the possibility of hole transfer between a photoexcited semiconductor quantum dot and a pi-conjugated polymer. This charge-transfer event will be investigated (exploited) on the basis of its implication toward a solar energy conversion scheme. Experimentally, we show that the steady-state photoluminescence (PL) of a solution of InP quantum dots is quenched by the introduction of solvated poly(3-hexylthiophene). Time-resolved PL experiments on these solutions are also presented. It was observed that the PL transients did not significantly change upon the addition of the conductive polymer. These new results indicate that said PL quenching is static in nature. This suggests that in solution, the quantum dot and the polymer exhibit a strong intermolecular interaction. As the two species encounter each other through diffusion, the polymer quenches the quantum dot photoluminescence without altering the population's PL lifetime. This new evidence suggests that the polymer and the quantum dot form a relatively stable complex. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Selmarten, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Don_Selmarten@nrel.gov RI Jones, Marcus/B-3291-2008; Shaheen, Sean/M-7893-2013 OI Jones, Marcus/0000-0001-9912-1168; NR 24 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15927 EP 15932 DI 10.1021/jp0515479 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000037 PM 16853021 ER PT J AU Ozensoy, E Peden, CHF Szanyi, J AF Ozensoy, E Peden, CHF Szanyi, J TI NO2 adsorption on ultrathin theta-Al2O3 films: Formation of nitrite and nitrate species SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID BARIUM OXIDE; METAL OXIDES; THIN-FILMS; SURFACE; CATALYSTS; STORAGE; CHEMISTRY; MODEL; REDUCTION; NIAL(001) AB Interaction of NO2 with an ordered theta-Al2O3/NiAl(100) model catalyst surface was investigated using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The origin of the NOx uptake of the catalytic support (i.e., Al2O3) in a NOx storage catalyst is identified. Adsorbed NO2 is converted to strongly bound nitrites and nitrates that are stable on the model catalyst surface at temperatures as high as 300 and 650 K, respectively. The results show that alumina is not completely inert and may stabilize some form of NOx under certain catalytic conditions. The stability of the NOx formed by exposing the theta-Al2O3 model catalyst to NO2 adsorption increases in the order NO2 (physisorbed or N2O4) < NO2 (chernisorbed) < NO2- < NO3-. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Szanyi, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM janos.szanyi@pnl.gov OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 39 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 33 BP 15977 EP 15984 DI 10.1021/jp052053e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 958DX UT WOS:000231426000043 PM 16853027 ER PT J AU Klekociuk, AR Brown, PG Pack, DW ReVelle, DO Edwards, WN Spalding, RE Tagliaferri, E Yoo, BB Zagari, J AF Klekociuk, AR Brown, PG Pack, DW ReVelle, DO Edwards, WN Spalding, RE Tagliaferri, E Yoo, BB Zagari, J TI Meteoritic dust from the atmospheric disintegration of a large meteoroid SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; PARTICLES; VALIDATION; ANTARCTICA; DATABASE; MIDDLE; EARTH AB Much of the mass of most meteoroids entering the Earth's atmosphere is consumed in the process of ablation. Larger meteoroids (> 10 cm), which in some cases reach the ground as meteorites, typically have survival fractions near 1 - 25 per cent of their initial mass(1). The fate of the remaining ablated material is unclear, but theory suggests that much of it should recondense through coagulation as nanometre-sized particles(2). No direct measurements of such meteoric 'smoke' have hitherto been made(3). Here we report the disintegration of one of the largest meteoroids to have entered the Earth's atmosphere during the past decade, and show that the dominant contribution to the mass of the residual atmospheric aerosol was in the form of micrometre-sized particles. This result is contrary to the usual view that most of the material in large meteoroids is efficiently converted to particles of much smaller size through ablation(4). Assuming that our observations are of a typical event, we suggest that large meteoroids provide the dominant source of micrometre-sized meteoritic dust at the Earth's surface over long timescales. C1 Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Klekociuk, AR (reprint author), Australian Antarctic Div, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia. EM andrew.klekociuk@aad.gov.au RI Klekociuk, Andrew/A-4498-2015 OI Klekociuk, Andrew/0000-0003-3335-0034 NR 27 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 436 IS 7054 BP 1132 EP 1135 DI 10.1038/nature03881 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 958AK UT WOS:000231416600039 PM 16121174 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bacchetta, A Bailey, P Balin, D Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Borysenko, A Bouwhuis, M Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Capiluppi, M Capitani, GP Chen, T Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Dalpiaz, PF Deconinck, W De Leo, R Demey, M De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Diefenthaler, M Di Nezza, P Dreschler, J Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, E Elschenbroich, U Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Felawka, L Frullani, S Funel, A Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garrow, K Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Grebeniouk, O Gregor, IM Hadjidakis, C Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Hoek, M Holler, Y Hommez, B Hristova, I Larygin, G Lvanilov, A Lzotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Keri, T Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kobayashi, T Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, V Lagamba, L Lapikads, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Linden-Levy, LA Lorenzon, W Lu, H Lu, J Lu, S Ma, BQ Maiheu, B Makins, NCR Mao, Y Marianski, B Marukyan, H Masoli, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Michler, T Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Murray, M Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Negodaev, M Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Osborne, A Pickert, N Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Riedl, C Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Rubacek, L Rubin, J Ryckbosch, D Salomatin, Y Sanjiev, I Savin, I Schafer, A Schnell, G Schuler, KP Seele, J Seidl, R Seitz, B Shearer, C Shibata, TA Shutov, V Sinram, K Sommer, W Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stenzel, H Stewart, J Stinzingi, F Taiti, P Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Vandenbroucke, A van der Nat, PB van der Steenhoven, G van Haarlem, Y Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Vogel, C Volmer, J Wang, S Wendland, J Ye, Y Ye, Z Yen, S Zihlmann, B Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bacchetta, A Bailey, P Balin, D Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bianchi, N Blok, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Borysenko, A Bouwhuis, M Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Capiluppi, M Capitani, GP Chen, T Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Dalpiaz, PF Deconinck, W De Leo, R Demey, M De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Diefenthaler, M Di Nezza, P Dreschler, J Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, E Elschenbroich, U Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Felawka, L Frullani, S Funel, A Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garrow, K Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Grebeniouk, O Gregor, IM Hadjidakis, C Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Hoek, M Holler, Y Hommez, B Hristova, I Larygin, G Lvanilov, A Lzotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Keri, T Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kobayashi, T Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, V Lagamba, L Lapikads, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Linden-Levy, LA Lorenzon, W Lu, H Lu, J Lu, S Ma, BQ Maiheu, B Makins, NCR Mao, Y Marianski, B Marukyan, H Masoli, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Michler, T Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Murray, M Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Negodaev, M Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Osborne, A Pickert, N Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Riedl, C Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Rubacek, L Rubin, J Ryckbosch, D Salomatin, Y Sanjiev, I Savin, I Schafer, A Schnell, G Schuler, KP Seele, J Seidl, R Seitz, B Shearer, C Shibata, TA Shutov, V Sinram, K Sommer, W Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stenzel, H Stewart, J Stinzingi, F Taiti, P Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Vandenbroucke, A van der Nat, PB van der Steenhoven, G van Haarlem, Y Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Vogel, C Volmer, J Wang, S Wendland, J Ye, Y Ye, Z Yen, S Zihlmann, B Zupranski, P CA HERMES Collaboration TI Subleading-twist effects in single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a longitudinally polarized hydrogen target SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; DRELL-YAN PROCESSES; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PION ELECTROPRODUCTION; AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; DIS; LEPTOPRODUCTION; FRAGMENTATION; GAUGE AB Single-spin asymmetries in the semi-inclusive production of charged pions in deep-inelastic scattering from transversely and longitudinally polarized proton targets are combined to evaluate the subleading-twist contribution to the longitudinal case. This contribution is significantly positive for pi(+) mesons and dominates the asymmetries on a longitudinally polarized target previously measured by HERMES. The subleading-twist contribution for pi(-) mesons is found to be small. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Super Sanita, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Roma 1, Grp Sanita & Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Schnell, G (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. EM gunar.schnell@desy.de RI Bacchetta, Alessandro/F-3199-2012; Deconinck, Wouter/F-4054-2012; Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Negodaev, Mikhail/A-7026-2014; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015; OI Bacchetta, Alessandro/0000-0002-8824-8355; Deconinck, Wouter/0000-0003-4033-6716; Lagamba, Luigi/0000-0002-0233-9812; Hoek, Matthias/0000-0002-1893-8764 NR 37 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1-2 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.067 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 956HY UT WOS:000231292000003 ER PT J AU Mazzocchi, C Grzywacz, R Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Fong, D Hamilton, JH Hwang, JK Karny, M Krolas, W Liddick, SN Lisetskiy, AF Morton, AC Mantica, R Mueller, WF Rykaczewski, KR Steiner, M Stolz, A Winger, JA AF Mazzocchi, C Grzywacz, R Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Fong, D Hamilton, JH Hwang, JK Karny, M Krolas, W Liddick, SN Lisetskiy, AF Morton, AC Mantica, R Mueller, WF Rykaczewski, KR Steiner, M Stolz, A Winger, JA TI Low energy structure of even-even Ni isotopes close to Ni-78 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE level energies; gamma-ray transitions; isomeric decay; beta decay ID SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; 80-100 MASS REGION; SUBSHELL CLOSURE; BETA-DECAY; NUCLEI; ISOMERS AB The structure of magic neutron-rich nickel isotopes produced in the fragmentation of a 140 A MeV Kr-86 beam was investiga gated. For the first time four gamma transitions were assigned to the decay of the I-pi = 8(+), T-1/2 = 590 (+)(-) (180)(100) ns isomer, thus establishing the 0+-2+(74)-4(+)-4(+)-6(+)-8(+) ground-state band in Ni-76. The previously unknown 2(+) and 4(+) levels belonging to the ground-state band in Ni-74 were identified in the decay of (CO)-C-74 (T-1/2 = 30(3) ms). The decay properties of (CO)-C-72 -> Ni-72 were verified and confirmed on the basis of gamma-gamma coincidence data. The relevance of the measured level properties for the magicity of Ni-78 is analyzed with the help of advanced shell-model predictions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Mazzocchi, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mazzocch@phy.ornl.gov RI Krolas, Wojciech/N-9391-2013; Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015 OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551 NR 38 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.07.006 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 956HY UT WOS:000231292000007 ER PT J AU Deacon, AN Freeman, SJ Janssens, RVF Xu, FR Carpenter, MP Calderin, IR Chowdhury, P Hammond, NJ Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Tabor, SL Varley, BJ Zhu, S AF Deacon, AN Freeman, SJ Janssens, RVF Xu, FR Carpenter, MP Calderin, IR Chowdhury, P Hammond, NJ Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Tabor, SL Varley, BJ Zhu, S TI Changes in nu g(9/2) shape polarisation across the odd neutron-rich Cr isotopes SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SHELL CLOSURES; NUCLEI; DECAY; DEFORMATION; REGION; CA-48; MASS AB Excited states in Cr-57 have been populated to high spin in the C-14(Ca-48, alpha n) reaction at a beam energy of 130 MeV. A regular sequence of stretched quadrupole transitions has been established above the yrast 9/2(+) level. This sequence is interpreted as a rotational band associated with prolate deformation induced by the excitation of the odd neutron into the 1/2(+)[440] orbital. Total Routhian surface calculations, which follow this configuration to high spin, reproduce the observed features of the band. They are also able to account for a similar, but less well developed structure in Cr-55. In contrast, the isomeric yrast 9/2(+) state in Cr-59 appears to be a band-head state dominated by the 9/2(+) [404] configuration, which is favoured at oblate deformations. Such a marked difference presents a significant challenge for theoretical descriptions, but is consistent with features exhibited by the low-lying negative-parity states in C-59. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Tech Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Freeman, SJ (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM sean.freeman@manchester.ac.uk RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 31 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1-2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.07.005 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 956HY UT WOS:000231292000020 ER PT J AU Yang, HC Shin, TJ Ling, MM Cho, K Ryu, CY Bao, ZN AF Yang, HC Shin, TJ Ling, MM Cho, K Ryu, CY Bao, ZN TI Conducting AFM and 2D GIXD studies on pentacene thin films SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SILICON DIOXIDE; SURFACE; PERFORMANCE; DEPOSITION; MORPHOLOGY; SUBSTRATE; GROWTH C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Rensselaer Nanotechnol Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Bao, ZN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM zbao@chemeng.stanford.edu RI Ryu, Chang/H-1144-2012; Shin, Tae Joo/R-7434-2016 OI Shin, Tae Joo/0000-0002-1438-3298 NR 19 TC 219 Z9 220 U1 4 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 24 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 33 BP 11542 EP 11543 DI 10.1021/ja052478e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 958ND UT WOS:000231454100005 PM 16104697 ER PT J AU Perez-Omil, JA Bernal, S Calvino, JJ Hernandez, JC Mira, C Rodriguez-Luque, MP Erni, R Browning, ND AF Perez-Omil, JA Bernal, S Calvino, JJ Hernandez, JC Mira, C Rodriguez-Luque, MP Erni, R Browning, ND TI Combined HREM and HAADF scanning transmission electron microscopy: A powerful tool for investigating structural changes in thermally aged ceria-zirconia mixed oxides SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IMAGE SIMULATION; REDOX BEHAVIOR; OXYGEN STORAGE; CE0.5ZR0.5O2; TEMPERATURE; REDUCTION C1 Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencia Mat & Ingn Met & Quim Inorgan, Cadiz 11510, Spain. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NCEM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencia Mat & Ingn Met & Quim Inorgan, Campus Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain. EM jose.calvino@uca.es RI Hernandez-Garrido, Juan/C-5804-2009; Erni, Rolf/P-7435-2014; OI Hernandez-Garrido, Juan/0000-0001-8499-0395; Erni, Rolf/0000-0003-2391-5943; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 17 BP 4282 EP 4285 DI 10.1021/cm050976g PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957OL UT WOS:000231379300003 ER PT J AU Li, LY King, DL AF Li, LY King, DL TI Synthesis and characterization of silver hollandite and its application in emission control SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MANGANESE OXIDE; CO OXIDATION; SYNROC; IMMOBILIZATION; CRYPTOMELANE; BATTERIES; CATALYSTS; CESIUM; MNO2 AB Silver hollandite, Ag1.8Mn8O16, has been synthesized by ion exchange of cryptomelane in AgNO3 melt. Compared to the previously described synthesis process, thermal decomposition of AgMnO4 at 970 degrees C under 5 kbar oxygen for 7 days, this newly developed synthesis process is easily carried out, enabling synthesis of significant quantities for evaluation, testing, and scale-up. Silver hollandite prepared by this new method has much smaller crystal size and thus much higher surface area compared with the previously available material. Application of silver hollandite for emission control has been examined. This material is an excellent low-temperature SO2 absorbent as well as a highly active catalyst for CO and NO oxidation. Silver hollandite maintains its catalytic oxidation activity even while it is simultaneously aging by adsorption Of SO2. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP King, DL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat, POB 999, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM david.king@pnl.gov NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 17 BP 4335 EP 4343 DI 10.1021/cm0506508 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957OL UT WOS:000231379300011 ER PT J AU Park, G Rutherford, AC Sohn, H Farrar, CR AF Park, G Rutherford, AC Sohn, H Farrar, CR TI An outlier analysis framework for impedance-based structural health monitoring SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID ACTUATOR AB This paper presents the use of statistically rigorous algorithms combined with active-sensing impedance methods for damage identification in engineering systems. In particular, we propose to use statistical pattern recognition methods to address damage classification and data mining issues associated with the examination of large numbers of impedance signals for health monitoring applications. In this paper, in order to diagnose damage with statistical confidence, the impedance-based monitoring is cast in the context of an outlier detection framework. A modified auto-regressive model with exogenous inputs (ARX) in the frequency domain is developed and the damage-sensitive feature is obtained by quantifying the differences between the measured impedance and the output of the ARX model. Furthermore, because of the non-Gaussian nature of the feature distribution tails, extreme value statistics is employed to develop a robust damage classifier. This paper concludes with a numerical example on a 5 degree-of-freedom system and an experimental investigation on a multi-story building model to demonstrate the performance of the proposed concept. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Park, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gpark@lanl.gov RI Sohn, Hoon/A-9406-2008; Farrar, Charles/C-6954-2012 NR 20 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2004.10.013 PG 22 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 948ER UT WOS:000230699300013 ER PT J AU Kennedy, SB Littrell, K Thiyagarajan, P Tirrell, DA Russell, TP AF Kennedy, SB Littrell, K Thiyagarajan, P Tirrell, DA Russell, TP TI Controlled structure in artificial protein hydrogels SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID HELICAL COILED-COILS; GCN4 LEUCINE-ZIPPER; GENETICALLY DIRECTED SYNTHESES; DIFFUSING-WAVE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; POLYMERIC MATERIALS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HYDROPHOBIC CORE; SYNTHETIC MODEL; DESIGN AB Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and circular dichroism (CD) were used to study the structure of artificial, multidomain protein hydrogels. Preliminary sedimentation equilibrium results indicate that the flanking leucine zipper domains used in the design of the artificial multidomain protein form tetrameric helical bundles. The leucine zipper domain alone precipitates at high concentrations (7% w/v) and near-neutral pH, but the multidomain protein remains soluble owing to a hydrophilic central domain. The resulting solution displays characteristic properties of physical gels. SAXS data from gels fit well to a cylindrical model with the following dimensions: length 63 angstrom, radius 13.6 angstrom, and a 1 angstrom axial pore. These results match the dimensions of a tetrameric helical bundle and indicate that the low concentration equilibrium structure of the leucine zipper domain is maintained within the multidomain protein, even at high concentrations. Altogether, these results confirm a static picture of the gel structure where tetrameric self-associations of leucine zipper domains act as physical cross-links in the protein hydrogel. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Kennedy, SB (reprint author), Eastern Mennonite Univ, 1200 Pk Rd, Harrisonburg, VA USA. EM scott.kennedy@emu.edu RI Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013 OI Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 17 BP 7470 EP 7475 DI 10.1021/ma0507261 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 956BO UT WOS:000231274100036 ER PT J AU Determan, MD Cox, JP Seifert, S Thiyagarajan, P Mallapragada, SK AF Determan, MD Cox, JP Seifert, S Thiyagarajan, P Mallapragada, SK TI Synthesis and characterization of temperature and pH-responsive pentablock copolymers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE pH sensitive; thermoreversible; gel ID LIVING RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; AGGREGATION BEHAVIOR; MICELLES; DIBLOCK; LIGANDS AB A family of amphiphilic ABCBA pentablock copolymers based on commercially available Pluronic (R) F 127 block copolymers and various amine containing methacrylate monomers was synthesized via Cu(I) mediated controlled radical polymerization. The block architecture and chemical composition of the pentablock copolymers were engineered to exhibit both temperature and pH responsive self-assembly by exploiting the lower critical solution temperature of the poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) blocks and the polycationic property of the poly(amine methacrylate) blocks, respectively. In aqueous Solutions, the pentablock copolymers formed temperature and pH-responsive micelles. Concentrated aqueous Solutions of the copolymer formed a pH-responsive, thermoreversible gel phase. The controlled radical synthesis route yielded well-defined copolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions with the benefit of mild reaction conditions. Small angle X-ray scattering, laser light scattering, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis have been used to characterize the self-assembled structures of the micellar solution and gel phases of the aqueous copolymer system. These copolymers have potential applications in controlled drug delivery and non-viral gene therapy due to their tunable phase behavior and biocompatibility. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mallapragada, SK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem Lab, 144 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM determan@ameslab.gov; seitert@anl.gov; thiyaga@anl.gov; suryak@iastate.edu RI Mallapragada, Surya/F-9375-2012 NR 33 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 7 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 18 BP 6933 EP 6946 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.138 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 957TW UT WOS:000231397200022 ER PT J AU Benyahia, S Syamlal, M O'Brien, TJ AF Benyahia, S Syamlal, M O'Brien, TJ TI Evaluation of boundary conditions used to model dilute, turbulent gas/solids flows in a pipe SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIChE Annual Meeting CY NOV 16-21, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA SP AIChE DE multiphase turbulence; CFD; Simonin model; gas/solids dilute flow; kinetic theory; boundary condition; fluidization ID GAS-PARTICLE FLOW; KINETIC-THEORY; GRANULAR FLOW; SOLID FLOWS; RISER; FLAT AB A turbulent gas/solids model, based on the work of Simonin [1] [Simonin, O., 1996. Continuum modeling of dispersed two-phase flows, in Combustion and Turbulence in Two-Phase Flows, Von Karman Institute of Fluid Dynamics Lecture Series 1996-2], has been recently implemented in the MFIX computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code. This theory includes the effects of turbulence in the gas phase as well as inter-particle collisions. The extension of this theory [2] [Balzer, G., Simonin, O., Boelle, A., Lavieville, J., 1996. A unifying modelling approach for the numerical prediction of dilute and dense gas-solid two phase flow, CFB5, 5th Int. Conf on Circulating Fluidized Beds, Beijing, China] to dense gas/solids systems was made possible by including the kinetic theory of granular material to describe the solids stresses. The turbulence model and boundary conditions were evaluated by simulating the gas/solids flow experiments of Jones [31 [N.E. Jones, An experimental investigation of particle size distribution effect in dilute phase gas-solid flow, Ph.D. thesis, Purdue University (2001)]. Their experimental results included velocity and turbulence measurements for fully developed flows for a range of particle loading from very dilute to relatively dense. Our numerical calculations were conducted by imposing periodic boundary conditions as well as in a long pipe with different length-to-diameter ratios to achieve a fully developed condition. We propose modifications to the single-phase wall functions, to include the effect of the particulate phase. However, these modifications had only a minor effect on the predictions of gas turbulent kinetic energy due to the dilute nature of the flow considered in this study. The turbulent gas/solids flow model based on the work of Simonin [I] [Simonin, 0., 1996. Continuum modeling of dispersed two-phase flows, in Combustion and Turbulence in Two-Phase Flows, Von Karman Institute of Fluid Dynamics Lecture Series 1996-2] is able to predict reasonably well dilute gas/solids flows with appropriate boundary conditions (BC). Four different types of boundary conditions were investigated to assess their sensitivity. The experimental data fall between the large-friction/no-sliding and small-friction/all-sliding limits of Jenkins and Louge [4] [J.T. Jenkins, MY Louge, On the flux of fluctuating energy in a collisional grain flow at a flat frictional wall, Phys. Fluids 9 (10), (1997) 2835-2840] BC. However, the physical behavior of the particle-wall interactions is close to the small-friction/allsliding limit of Jenkins and Louge BC or the Johnson and Jackson [5] [P.C. Johnson, R. Jackson, Frictional-collisional constitutive relations for granular materials, with application to plane shearing. J. Fluid Mech. 176 (1987) 67-93]BC with a small specularity coefficient or simply the free-slip BC. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Fluent Inc, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. US DOE, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Benyahia, S (reprint author), Fluent Inc, 3647 Collins Ferry Rd,Suite A, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM sof@fluent.com; tobrie@netl.doe.gov NR 29 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 3 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 156 IS 2-3 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2005.04.002 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 967KR UT WOS:000232090600002 ER PT J AU Yano, J Kern, J Irrgang, KD Latimer, MJ Bergmann, U Glatzel, P Pushkar, Y Biesiadka, J Loll, B Sauer, K Messinger, J Zouni, A Yachandra, VK AF Yano, J Kern, J Irrgang, KD Latimer, MJ Bergmann, U Glatzel, P Pushkar, Y Biesiadka, J Loll, B Sauer, K Messinger, J Zouni, A Yachandra, VK TI X-ray damage to the Mn4Ca complex in single crystals of photosystem II: A case study for metalloprotein crystallography SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE manganese; oxygen evolution; water oxidation; X-ray spectroscopy ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION; MULTILINE EPR SIGNAL; RADIATION-DAMAGE; MANGANESE CLUSTER; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; MN-CLUSTER; UNDERGOES OXIDATION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to measure the damage caused by exposure to x-rays to the Mn4Ca active site in single crystals of photosystem II as a function of dose and energy of x-rays, temperature, and time. These studies reveal that the conditions used for structure determination by x-ray crystallography cause serious damage specifically to the metal-site structure. The x-ray absorption spectra show that the structure changes from one that is characteristic of a high-valent Mn-4(III2,IV2), oxo-bridged Mn4Ca cluster to that of Mn(II) in aqueous solution. This damage to the metal site occurs at a dose that is more than one order of magnitude lower than the dose that results in loss of diffractivity and is commonly considered safe for protein crystallography. These results establish quantitative x-ray dose parameters that are applicable to redox-active metalloproteins. This case study shows that a careful evaluation of the structural intactness of the active site(s) by spectroscopic techniques can validate structures derived from crystallography and that it can be a valuable complementary method before structure-function correlations of metalloproteins can be made on the basis of high-resolution x-ray crystal structures. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tech Univ Berlin, Max Volmer Lab Biophys Chem, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Kristallog, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Max Planck Inst Bioanorgan Chem, D-45470 Mulheim, Germany. RP Messinger, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM messinger@mpi-muelheim.mpg.de; zouni@phosis1.chem.tu-berlin.de; vkyachandra@lbl.gov RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010; Kern, Jan/G-2586-2013; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144; Kern, Jan/0000-0002-7272-1603; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 55302, R01 GM055302, R56 GM055302] NR 51 TC 411 Z9 422 U1 11 U2 66 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 34 BP 12047 EP 12052 DI 10.1073/pnas.0505207102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 958VO UT WOS:000231476500018 PM 16103362 ER PT J AU Lee, WK Fezzaa, K Wang, J AF Lee, WK Fezzaa, K Wang, J TI Metrology of steel micronozzles using x-ray propagation-based phase-enhanced microimaging SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUEL SPRAYS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; DETECTORS AB With high-energy and high-brilliance x-rays available at third-generation synchrotron sources, propagation-based phase-enhanced imaging was developed as a unique metrology technique to visualize the internal structure of high-pressure fuel-injection micronozzles. We have visualized the micrometer-scale machining and finishing defects inside a 200-mu m-fuel-injection micronozzle in a 3-mm-thick steel housing using phase-enhanced x-ray imaging. Because of the phase enhancement, this new microimaging-based metrology technique has paved the way to directly study highly transient fluid dynamics in the micronozzles in situ and in real time, which is virtually impossible by any other means. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, WK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 8 AR 084105 DI 10.1063/1.2034099 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 956OW UT WOS:000231310700072 ER PT J AU Pedersoli, E Banfi, F Ressel, B Pagliara, S Giannetti, C Galimberti, G Lidia, S Corlett, J Ferrini, G Parmigiani, F AF Pedersoli, E Banfi, F Ressel, B Pagliara, S Giannetti, C Galimberti, G Lidia, S Corlett, J Ferrini, G Parmigiani, F TI Evidence of vectorial photoelectric effect on copper SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; PHOTOEMISSION; ACCELERATION; EMISSION; PULSES AB Quantum efficiency (QE) measurements of single photon photoemission from a Cu(111) single crystal and a Cu polycrystal photocathodes, irradiated by 150 fs-6.28 eV laser pulses, are reported over a broad range of incidence angle, both in s and p polarizations. The maximum QE (similar or equal to 4x10(-4)) for polycrystalline Cu is obtained in p polarization at an angle of incidence theta=65 degrees. We observe a QE enhancement in p polarization which cannot be explained in terms of optical absorption, a phenomenon known as vectorial photoelectric effect. Issues concerning surface roughness and symmetry considerations are addressed. An explanation in terms of nonlocal conductivity tensor is proposed. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Cattolica, INFM, I-25125 Brescia, Italy. Univ Cattolica, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25125 Brescia, Italy. Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34012 Basovizza, TS, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Parmigiani, F (reprint author), Univ Cattolica, INFM, Via Musei 41, I-25125 Brescia, Italy. EM fulvio@dmf.bs.unicatt.it RI Ferrini, Gabriele/G-2395-2010; Giannetti, Claudio/E-6694-2012; Banfi, Francesco/N-3104-2015; OI Ferrini, Gabriele/0000-0002-5062-9099; Giannetti, Claudio/0000-0003-2664-9492; Banfi, Francesco/0000-0002-7465-8417; Parmigiani, Fulvio/0000-0001-9529-7406; Pedersoli, Emanuele/0000-0003-0572-6735; PAGLIARA, Stefania/0000-0003-2966-3361 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 8 AR 081112 DI 10.1063/1.2031949 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 956OW UT WOS:000231310700012 ER PT J AU Yuzvinsky, TD Mickelson, W Aloni, S Konsek, SL Fennimore, AM Begtrup, GE Kis, A Regan, BC Zettl, A AF Yuzvinsky, TD Mickelson, W Aloni, S Konsek, SL Fennimore, AM Begtrup, GE Kis, A Regan, BC Zettl, A TI Imaging the life story of nanotube devices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; CIRCUITS; BEARING AB Live imaging of operating multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-) based electronic devices is performed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Our measurements allow us to correlate electronic transport with changes in device structure. Surface contamination, contact annealing, and sequential wall removal are observed. Temperature profiles confirm diffusive conduction in MWCNTs in the high bias limit. This technique provides a general platform for studying nanoscale systems, where geometric configuration and electronic transport are intimately connected. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab,Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ctr Integrated Nanomech Syst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yuzvinsky, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab,Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM azettl@physics.berkeley.edu RI Mickelson, Willi/D-8813-2013; Kis, Andras/A-4631-2011; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; OI Mickelson, Willi/0000-0002-6398-6212; Kis, Andras/0000-0002-3426-7702; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Yuzvinsky, Thomas/0000-0001-5708-2877 NR 26 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 8 AR 083103 DI 10.1063/1.2012529 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 956OW UT WOS:000231310700051 ER PT J AU Klem, MT Corbett, JD AF Klem, MT Corbett, JD TI A(5)InPb(8) (A = K, Rb): An apparent Zintl phase with lead tetrahedra interbridged by mu(6)-In atoms SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CLUSTERS; LA3IN5 AB Reaction of elemental In, Pb, and K, or Rb within welded Ta containers at 900 degrees C followed by subsequent annealing at 350 degrees C gives the new phases A(5)lnPb(8) (A = K, Rb). These crystallize in the trigonal space group R (3) over barm(No. 166, Z = 3) with cell dimensions of a = 6.8835(6) and 6.885(1) angstrom and c = 37.591(5) and 37.64(2) angstrom for K(5)lnPb(8) and Rb(5)lnPb(8), respectively. The structure contains clusters built of pairs of Pb-4 tetrahedra that are interbridged by a mu(6)-ln atom. The InPb8 units, which in the isolated case would behave as ideal 40-electron Wade's rule clusters, are weakly interlinked into sheets in the ab plane by long (3.5 angstrom) intercluster Pb-Pb interactions. According to the EHTB calculations, these cause a broadening of the valence band and thus generate a number of new states at the Fermi level. Compound K5lnPb8 is metallic (rho(298) approximate to 42 mu Omega cm, (delta rho/delta T)/rho 1.4(2) x 10(-1) K-1) which is in agreement with the expectations according to calculations on the anion network. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 17 BP 5990 EP 5995 DI 10.1021/ic040130z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 955VI UT WOS:000231255300011 PM 16097818 ER PT J AU Granja, C Pospisil, S Chrien, RE Telezhnikov, SA AF Granja, C Pospisil, S Chrien, RE Telezhnikov, SA TI Levels of Yb-174 populated in average resonance neutron capture SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions Yb-173(n, gamma), E = resonance; measured E gamma, I gamma Yb-174 deduced levels, J, pi, transition intensities and multipolarities, resonance features; radiative capture, average resonance capture, neutron filtered beams, pair spectrometer ID GAMMA-RAYS; STATES AB The primary gamma rays and energy levels in Yb-174 were investigated in average resonance neutron capture using tailored neutron beams at 2 and 24 keV and a pair spectrometer at the High Flux Reactor at Brookhaven. A thermal neutron beam was also used. Nearly 300 levels with spin up to J = 4 are reported below 4 MeV. The distribution of radiative strength in this nucleus was derived and is analyzed with a giant dipole resonance and single-particle strength models. The neutron binding energy in Yb-174 was determined at 7464.4(3) keV. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Czech Tech Univ, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, Prague 12800 2, Czech Republic. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Granja, C (reprint author), Czech Tech Univ, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, Prague 12800 2, Czech Republic. EM carlos.granja@utef.cvut.ez NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 3-4 BP 287 EP 314 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.04.006 PG 28 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 951PG UT WOS:000230942200001 ER PT J AU Langanke, K Dean, DJ Nazarewicz, W AF Langanke, K Dean, DJ Nazarewicz, W TI Thermal properties of N=40 isotones SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID MODEL MONTE-CARLO; SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY-BREAKING; HOT ROTATING NUCLEI; SHELL-MODEL; SHAPE TRANSITIONS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DIPOLE RESONANCE; LEVEL DENSITIES; SELF-CONSISTENT AB Using the shell-model Monte Carlo method, we study the thermal properties of four N = 40 medium-mass nuclei: Ni-68, a substantially spherical and weakly paired nucleus; Zn-70, a superfluid spherical nucleus; Ge-72, a superfluid deformed nucleus which exhibits shape-coexistence; and the well-deformed, weakly-paired nucleus Zr-80. We investigate the competition between shape deformations and pairing correlations as a function of temperature. We find that shape and pairing changes contribute to the specific heat of the nucleus in a different way. While the superfluid-to-normal transition manifests itself as a pronounced peak in the specific heat around T = 0.6-0.7 MeV, the deformed-to-spherical transition is more gradual. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RP Langanke, K (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, Planckstr 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. EM k.langanke@gsi.de OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 62 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 3-4 BP 360 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.04.023 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 951PG UT WOS:000230942200005 ER PT J AU Papenbrock, T Weidenmuller, HA AF Papenbrock, T Weidenmuller, HA TI Origin of chaos in the spherical nuclear shell model: Role of symmetries SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE shell model; symmetry; complexity ID FLUCTUATION PROPERTIES; PARTICLE-SYSTEMS; ENSEMBLES; STATES; AL-26 AB To elucidate the mechanism by which chaos is generated in the shell model, we compare three random-matrix ensembles: the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble, French's two-body embedded ensemble, and the two-body random ensemble (TBRE) of the shell model. Of these, the last two take account of the two-body nature of the residual interaction, and only the last, of the existence of conserved quantum numbers like spin, isospin, and parity. While the number of independent random variables decreases drastically as we follow this sequence, the complexity of the (fixed) matrices which support the random variables, increases even more. In that sense we can say that in the TBRE, chaos is largely due to the existence of (an incomplete set of) symmetries. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-62029 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tpapenbr@utk.edu OI Papenbrock, Thomas/0000-0001-8733-2849 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 3-4 BP 422 EP 438 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.04.018 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 951PG UT WOS:000230942200009 ER PT J AU Zhang, BW Wang, EK Wang, XN AF Zhang, BW Wang, EK Wang, XN TI Multiple parton scattering in nuclei: heavy quark energy loss and modified fragmentation functions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID ION COLLISIONS; EP COLLISIONS; GLUON RADIATION; QCD; PLASMA; PHOTOPRODUCTION; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENVIRONMENT; E(+)E(-) AB Multiple scattering, induced radiative energy loss and modified fragmentation functions of a heavy quark in nuclear matter are studied within the framework of generalized factorization in perturbative QCD. Modified heavy quark fragmentation functions and energy loss are derived in detail with illustration of the mass dependencies of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal interference effects and heavy quark energy loss. Due to the quark mass dependence of the gluon formation time, the nuclear size dependencies of nuclear modification of the heavy quark fragmentation function and heavy quark energy loss are found to change from a linear to a quadratic form when the initial energy and momentum scale are increased relative to the quark mass. The radiative energy loss of the heavy quark is also significantly suppressed due to limited cone of gluon radiation imposed by the mass. Medium modification of the heavy quark fragmentation functions is found to be limited to the large z region due to the form of heavy quark fragmentation functions in vacuum. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xnwang@lbl.gov OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 3-4 BP 493 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.04.022 PG 32 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 951PG UT WOS:000230942200013 ER PT J AU Seo, SSA Lee, HN Noh, TW AF Seo, SSA Lee, HN Noh, TW TI Infrared spectroscopy of CaTiO3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films, and (BaTiO3)(5)/(SrTiO3)(5) superlattice grown on SrRuO3/SrTiO3(001) substrates SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics CY OCT 03-05, 2004 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Nanotechnol Researchers Network Ctr Japan, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci & Technol, Mat Sci Dept Grp, Tokyo Tech, 21 Century Excellence Program, Mat & Struct Lab, Tokyo Inst Technol, Asahi Glass Fdn DE dielectrics; infrared spectroscopy; superlattices; titanium oxide ID FERROELECTRICITY; REFLECTANCE; THICKNESS; SRRUO3 AB We investigated infrared-active phonons of CaTiO3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, and Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films, and a (BaTiO3)(5)/(SrTiO3)(5) artificial superlattice by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with a grazing angle (48 degrees) incident reflectance method. The longitudinal phonon energies of the thin films were different from those of the bulk material due to the lattice strain of the substrate. The Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin film and (BaTiO3)(5)/(SrTiO3)(5) superlattice showed different phonon modes due to structural discrepancies, even though their chemical compositions are similar. The Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin film showed a single phonon energy lying between the phonon energies of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 thin films, while the (BaTiO3)(5)/(SrTiO3)(5) superlattice well preserved the characteristic phonon modes of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 thin films. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Res Ctr Oxide Elect, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Noh, TW (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Res Ctr Oxide Elect, Seoul 151747, South Korea. EM twnoh@phya.snu.ac.kr RI Seo, Sung Seok/B-6964-2008; Noh, Tae Won /K-9405-2013; Lee, Ho Nyung/K-2820-2012 OI Seo, Sung Seok/0000-0002-7055-5314; Lee, Ho Nyung/0000-0002-2180-3975 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 94 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.10.061 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 950SZ UT WOS:000230879200022 ER PT J AU Grepstad, JK Takamura, Y Scholl, A Hole, I Suzuki, Y Tybell, T AF Grepstad, JK Takamura, Y Scholl, A Hole, I Suzuki, Y Tybell, T TI Effects of thermal annealing in oxygen on the antiferromagnetic order and domain structure of epitaxial LaFeO3 thin films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics CY OCT 03-05, 2004 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Nanotechnol Researchers Network Ctr Japan, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci & Technol, Mat Sci Dept Grp, Tokyo Tech, 21 Century Excellence Program, Mat & Struct Lab, Tokyo Inst Technol, Asahi Glass Fdn DE magnetic properties and measurements; X-ray absorption; domain structure; reactive sputter deposition ID MAGNETIC-MATERIALS AB The antiferromagnetic order and domain structure of LaFeO3 thin films, epitaxially deposited on LaAlO3(001) substrates, were investigated by X-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) spectroscopy and spectromicroscopy, using the soft X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) beamline at the Advanced Light Source. In particular, we have examined the effects of thermal annealing in oxygen on the antiferromagnetic domains and spin orientation in the near surface region of such films. The recorded PEEM micrographs show AFM domains for all samples, though the domains are on average larger for the thermally annealed films. XMLD spectra recorded for different angles between the electromagnetic field vector and the film surface normal suggest a characteristic difference in the spin orientation between the as-grown (epitaxially strained) and the thermally annealed (strain relaxed) samples. While temperature-dependent measurements reveal little difference in Neel temperature between an as-grown and a fully relaxed film (T-N,=645 K and 610 K, respectively), both are reduced compared to that of bulk LaFeO3 (T-N-740 K). (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Telecommun, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Nanolab, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. RP Grepstad, JK (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Telecommun, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM jostein.grepstad@iet.ntnu.no RI Tybell, Thomas/B-8297-2013; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012 OI Tybell, Thomas/0000-0003-0787-8476; NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.10.056 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 950SZ UT WOS:000230879200025 ER PT J AU Lucovsky, G Fulton, CC Zhang, Y Luning, J Edge, L Whitten, JL Nemanich, RJ Schlom, DG Afanase'v, VV AF Lucovsky, G Fulton, CC Zhang, Y Luning, J Edge, L Whitten, JL Nemanich, RJ Schlom, DG Afanase'v, VV TI Conduction band-edge d-states in high-k dielectrics due to Jahn-Teller term splittings SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics CY OCT 03-05, 2004 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Nanotechnol Researchers Network Ctr Japan, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci & Technol, Mat Sci Dept Grp, Tokyo Tech, 21 Century Excellence Program, Mat & Struct Lab, Tokyo Inst Technol, Asahi Glass Fdn DE transition metal/rare earth oxides; complex oxides; band edge d-states; Jahn-Teller term splittings; localized band edge states; bulk trapping AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is used to study conduction band edge electronic structure of high-k transition metal (TM) and trivalent lanthanide series rare earth (RE) oxide dielectrics. Empty TM/RE d-states are studied by intra-atomic transitions originating in core level spin-orbit split p-states, and conduction band states are studied in inter-atomic transitions which originate in the oxygen atom Is core level state. In non-crystalline Zr and Hf silicate alloys, the local bonding symmetry, or crystal field splits these d-states into doubly and triply degenerate features. In nano-crystalline oxides, there are additional d-state splittings due to contributions of more distant neighbors that completely remove d-state degeneracies via the Jahn-Teller effect mechanism. This gives rise to highly localized band edge states that are electronically active in photoconductivity, internal photoemission, and act as bulk traps in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Coll, PA USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Louvain, Dept Phys, Louvain, Belgium. RP Lucovsky, G (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lucovsky@ncsu.edu RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 22 PY 2005 VL 486 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.11.233 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 950SZ UT WOS:000230879200030 ER PT J AU Podsiadlowski, P Dewi, JDM Lesaffre, P Miller, JC Newton, WG Stone, JR AF Podsiadlowski, P Dewi, JDM Lesaffre, P Miller, JC Newton, WG Stone, JR TI The double pulsar J0737-3039: testing the neutron star equation of state SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries : close; stars : evolution; stars : neutron; pulsars : general; pulsars : individual : J0737-3039 ID CLOSE BINARY-SYSTEMS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE SUPERNOVAE; 8-10 M. STARS; HELIUM STARS; DEGENERATE CORES; NUCLEON MATTER; PSR J0737-3039; WHITE-DWARFS; EVOLUTION; COLLAPSE AB The double pulsar J0737-3039 has become an important astrophysical laboratory for testing fundamental physics. Here we demonstrate that the low measured mass of Pulsar B can be used to constrain the equation of state of neutron star matter under the assumption that it formed in an electron-capture supernova. We show that the observed orbital parameters as well as the likely evolutionary history of the system support such a hypothesis, and discuss future refinements that will improve the constraints this test may provide. C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. SISSA, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Podsiadlowski, P (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM podsi@astro.ox.ac.uk NR 46 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 21 PY 2005 VL 361 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1249 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09253.x PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 958PF UT WOS:000231459500014 ER PT J AU Asaturyan, R Ent, R Fenker, H Gaskell, D Huber, GM Jones, M Mack, D Mkrtchyan, H Metzger, B Novikoff, N Tadevosyan, V Vulcan, W Wood, S AF Asaturyan, R Ent, R Fenker, H Gaskell, D Huber, GM Jones, M Mack, D Mkrtchyan, H Metzger, B Novikoff, N Tadevosyan, V Vulcan, W Wood, S TI The aerogel threshold Cherenkov detector for the high momentum spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE particle identification; aerogel; diffusion box; photoelectron ID SILICA AEROGEL; COUNTER; RADIATOR AB We describe a new aerogel threshold Cherenkov detector installed in the HMS spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. The Hall C experimental program in 2003 required an improved particle identification system for better identification of pi/K/p, which was achieved by installing an additional threshold Cherenkov counter. Two types of aerogel with n = 1.030 and n = 1.015 allow one to reach similar to 10(-3) proton and 10(-2) kaon rejection in the 1-5 GeV/c momentum range with pion detection efficiency better than 99% (97%). The detector response shows no significant position dependence due to a diffuse light collection technique. The diffusion box was equipped with 16 Photonis XP4572 photo multiplier tubes (PMTs). The mean number of photo-electrons in saturation was similar to 16 and similar to 8, respectively. This allows even for separation of slower particles slightly above threshold. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Houston Baptist Univ, Houston, TX 77074 USA. RP Asaturyan, R (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. EM asatur@jlab.org NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 21 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 3 BP 364 EP 374 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.04.058 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZF UT WOS:000231411400006 ER PT J AU Buzulutskov, A Dodd, J Galea, R Ju, Y Leltchouk, M Rehak, P Tcherniatine, V Willis, WJ Bondar, A Pavlyuchenko, D Snopkov, R Tikhonov, Y AF Buzulutskov, A Dodd, J Galea, R Ju, Y Leltchouk, M Rehak, P Tcherniatine, V Willis, WJ Bondar, A Pavlyuchenko, D Snopkov, R Tikhonov, Y TI GEM operation in helium and neon at low temperatures SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE gas electron multipliers; cryogenic avalanche detectors; helium; neon; penning mixtures ID FILLED PROPORTIONAL COUNTER; GAS ELECTRON MULTIPLIERS; IONIZATION COEFFICIENT; DETECTORS; AMPLIFICATION; MIXTURES AB We study the performance of Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) in gaseous He, Ne and Ne + H-2 at temperatures in the range of 2.6-293 K. In He, at temperatures between 62 and 293 K, the triple-GEM structures often operate at rather high gains, exceeding 1000. There is an indication that this high gain is achieved by the Penning effect in the gas impurities released by outgassing. At lower temperatures, them gain-voltage characteristics are significantly modified probably due to the freeze-out of impurities. In particular, the double- and single-GEM structures can operate down to 2.6 K at gains reaching only several tens at a gas density of about 0.5 g/l; at higher densities the maximum gain drops further. In Ne, the maximum gain also drops at cryogenic temperatures. The gain drop in Ne at low temperatures can be reestablished in Penning mixtures of Ne + H-2: very high gains, exceeding 10(4), have been obtained in these mixtures at 50-60 K, at a density of 9.2 g/l corresponding to that of saturated Ne vapor near 27 K. The results obtained are relevant in the fields of two-phase He and Ne detectors for solar neutrino detection and electron avalanching at low temperatures. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Buzulutskov, A (reprint author), Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Lavrentiev Prospect 11, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM buzulu@inp.nsk.su NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 21 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 3 BP 487 EP 498 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.04.066 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZF UT WOS:000231411400019 ER PT J AU Ahrens, L Bai, M Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, M Cameron, P Connolly, R Drees, A Fischer, W Miller, R Gassner, D Kewisch, J Mac Kay, W Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D van Zeijts, J AF Ahrens, L Bai, M Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, M Cameron, P Connolly, R Drees, A Fischer, W Miller, R Gassner, D Kewisch, J Mac Kay, W Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D van Zeijts, J TI Commissioning results and applications (vol 499, pg 415, 2003) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Correction C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Trbojevic, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dejan@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 21 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 3 BP 597 EP 597 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.04.064 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZF UT WOS:000231411400030 ER PT J AU Garcia-Sciveres, M Krieger, B Walder, JP Mandelli, E von der Lippe, H Weber, M Haber, C Zimmerman, T Hoff, J Yarema, R Hanagaki, K Christofek, L Alfonsi, S Pellett, D Wilkes, T Yao, W AF Garcia-Sciveres, M Krieger, B Walder, JP Mandelli, E von der Lippe, H Weber, M Haber, C Zimmerman, T Hoff, J Yarema, R Hanagaki, K Christofek, L Alfonsi, S Pellett, D Wilkes, T Yao, W TI The SVX4 integrated circuit (vol 511, pg 171, 2003) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Correction C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Garcia-Sciveres, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50-5239, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mgs@lbl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 21 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 3 BP 598 EP 598 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.06.057 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZF UT WOS:000231411400031 ER PT J AU Wise, JH Abel, T AF Wise, JH Abel, T TI The number of supernovae from primordial stars in the universe SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; early universe; supernovae : general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; GENERATION-SPACE-TELESCOPE; 1ST COSMOLOGICAL OBJECTS; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; POPULATION-III STARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; COSMIC DARK-AGES; IONIZING-RADIATION; CLUMPY UNIVERSE AB Recent simulations of the formation of the first luminous objects in the universe predict isolated very massive stars to form in dark matter halos with virial temperatures large enough to allow significant amounts of molecular hydrogen to form. We construct a semianalytic model based on Press-Schechter formalism and calibrate the minimum halo mass that may form a primordial star with the results from extensive adaptive mesh refinement simulations. The model also includes star formation in objects with virial temperatures in excess of 10,000 K. The free parameters are tuned to match the optical depth measurements by the WMAP satellite. The models explicitly include the negative feedback of the destruction of molecular hydrogen by a soft UV background that is computed self-consistently. We predict high-redshift supernova rates as one of the most promising tools to test the current scenario of primordial star formation. The supernova rate from primordial stars peaks at redshifts of similar to 20. Using an analytic model for the luminosities of pair-instability supernovae, we predict observable magnitudes and discuss possible observational strategies. Such supernovae would release enough metals corresponding to a uniform enrichment to a few hundred thousand solar. If some of these stars produce gamma-ray bursts, our rates will be directly applicable to understanding the anticipated results from the Swift satellite. This study highlights the great potential of the James Webb Space Telescope in probing cosmic structure at redshifts greater than 15. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Wise, JH (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 2575 Sand Hill Rd,MS 29, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jwise@slac.stanford.edu; tabel@slac.stanford.edu NR 100 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1086/430434 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MP UT WOS:000231159500001 ER PT J AU Graves, GJM Challis, PM Chevalier, RA Crotts, A Filippenko, AV Fransson, C Garnavich, P Kirshner, RP Li, W Lundqvist, P McCray, R Panagia, N Phillips, MM Pun, CJS Schmidt, BP Sonneborn, G Suntzeff, NB Wang, L Wheeler, JC AF Graves, GJM Challis, PM Chevalier, RA Crotts, A Filippenko, AV Fransson, C Garnavich, P Kirshner, RP Li, W Lundqvist, P McCray, R Panagia, N Phillips, MM Pun, CJS Schmidt, BP Sonneborn, G Suntzeff, NB Wang, L Wheeler, JC TI Limits from the Hubble Space Telescope on a point source in SN 1987A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE accretion, accretion disks; stars : neutron; supernovae : individual (SN 1987A) ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; X-RAY PULSAR; SUPERNOVA REMNANT CTB-109; ROTATING MASSIVE STARS; NEUTRON-STAR; BLACK-HOLE; PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION; BEPPOSAX OBSERVATIONS; SPHERICAL ACCRETION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS AB We observed supernova 1987A ( SN 1987A) with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph ( STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST) in 1999 September and again with the Advanced Camera for Surveys ( ACS) on the HST in 2003 November. Our spectral observations cover ultraviolet ( UV) and optical wavelengths from 1140 to 10266 8, and our imaging observations cover UV and optical wavelengths from 2900 to 9650 angstrom. No point source is observed in the remnant. We obtain a limiting flux of F-opt <= 1. 6; 10(-14) ergs s(-1) cm(-2) in the wavelength range 2900 - 9650 angstrom for any continuum emitter at the center of the supernova remnant ( SNR). This corresponds to an intrinsic luminosity of L-opt <= 5 x 10(33) ergs s (-1). It is likely that the SNR contains opaque dust that absorbs UV and optical emission, resulting in an attenuation of similar to 35% due to dust absorption in the SNR. Correcting for this level of dust absorption would increase our upper limit on the luminosity of a continuum source by a factor of 1.54. Taking into account dust absorption in the remnant, we find a limit of L-opt 8 x 10(33) ergs s (-1). We compare this upper bound with empirical evidence from point sources in other supernova remnants and with theoretical models for possible compact sources. We show that any survivor of a possible binary systemmust be nomore luminous than an F6 main- sequence star. Bright young pulsars such as Kes 75 or the Crab pulsar are excluded by optical and X- ray limits on SN 1987A. Other nonplerionic X- ray point sources have luminosities similar to the limits on a point source in SN 1987A; RCW103 and Cas A are slightly brighter than the limits on SN 1987A, while Pup A is slightly fainter. Of the young pulsars known to be associated with SNRs, those with ages <= 5000 yr are all too bright in X- rays to be compatible with the limits on SN 1987A. Examining theoretical models for accretion onto a compact object, we find that spherical accretion onto a neutron star is firmly ruled out and that spherical accretion onto a black hole is possible only if there is a larger amount of dust absorption in the remnant than predicted. In the case of thin- disk accretion, our flux limit requires a small disk, no larger than 1010 cm, with an accretion rate no more than 0.3 times the Eddington accretion rate. Possible ways to hide a surviving compact object include the removal of all surrounding material at early times by a photon- driven wind, a small accretion disk, or very high levels of dust absorption in the remnant. It will not be easy to improve substantially on our optical- UV limit for a point source in SN 1987A, although we can hope that a better understanding of the thermal infrared emission will provide a more complete picture of the possible energy sources at the center of SN 1987A. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, UCO, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Columbia Univ, Astrophys Lab, Inst Strings Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Stockholm Observ, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys & Astron, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Astron & Space Phys, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Graves, GJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, UCO, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM graves@astro.ucsc.edu OI Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 109 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP 944 EP 959 DI 10.1086/431422 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MP UT WOS:000231159500032 ER PT J AU Alford, M Braby, M Paris, M Reddy, S AF Alford, M Braby, M Paris, M Reddy, S TI Hybrid stars that masquerade as neutron stars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dense matter; elementary particles; stars : neutron ID GAUGE VECTOR-MESONS; GROUND-STATE ENERGY; QUARK MATTER; FINITE TEMPERATURE; HIGH-DENSITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CONDENSED MATTER; NUCLEON MATTER; STRANGE STARS; R-MODE AB We show that a hybrid ( nuclear+ quark matter) star can have a mass- radius relationship very similar to that predicted for a star made of purely nucleonic matter. We show this for a generic parameterization of the quark matter equation of state and also for an MIT bag model, each including a phenomenological correction based on gluonic corrections to the equation of state. We obtain hybrid stars as heavy as 2 M(circle dot) for reasonable values of the bag model parameters. For nuclear matter, we use the equation of state calculated by Akmal and coworkers using many- body techniques. Both mixed and homogeneous phases of nuclear and quark matter are considered. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Jefferson Natl Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Alford, M (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Compton Hall,1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1105, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 67 TC 221 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP 969 EP 978 DI 10.1086/430902 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MP UT WOS:000231159500034 ER PT J AU Yakut, K Eggleton, PP AF Yakut, K Eggleton, PP TI Evolution of close binary systems SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE binaries : close; binaries : eclipsing; stars : evolution; stars : fundamental parameters ID W-URSAE-MAJORIS; LARGE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE; SEQUENCE ECLIPSING BINARIES; LINE BROADENING FUNCTIONS; LIGHT-CURVE ANALYSIS; UMA-TYPE BINARIES; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; CONTACT BINARY; NEAR-CONTACT; SHORT-PERIOD AB We collect data on the masses, radii, etc., of three classes of close binary stars: low-temperature contact binaries (LTCBs), near-contact binaries (NCBs), and detached close binaries (DCBs). We restrict ourselves to systems in which (1) both components are, at least arguably, near the main sequence, (2) the periods are less than a day, and (3) there is both spectroscopic and photometric analysis leading to reasonably reliable data. We discuss the possible evolutionary connections between these three classes, emphasizing the roles played by mass loss and angular momentum loss in rapidly rotating cool stars. We describe a new mechanism, differential rotation as observed in the Sun, which can explain the remarkable efficiency of heat transport in the outer envelopes of contact binaries. C1 Univ Ege, Fac Sci, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. Catholic Univ Louvain, Astron Inst, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yakut, K (reprint author), Univ Ege, Fac Sci, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. RI Yakut, Kadri/N-1332-2014 NR 191 TC 129 Z9 130 U1 3 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP 1055 EP 1074 DI 10.1086/431300 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MP UT WOS:000231159500043 ER PT J AU Ali, R Neill, PA Beiersdorfer, P Harris, CL Rakovic, MJ Wang, JG Schultz, DR Stancil, PC AF Ali, R Neill, PA Beiersdorfer, P Harris, CL Rakovic, MJ Wang, JG Schultz, DR Stancil, PC TI On the significance of the contribution of multiple-electron capture processes to cometary X-ray emission SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; comets : general; solar wind; X-rays : general ID HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; SOLAR-WIND; ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; COLLISIONS; HYDROGEN; ATOMS; HYAKUTAKE; SPECTRA; HELIUM AB We report laboratory studies of the role played by multiple-electron capture (MEC) in solar wind-induced cometary X-ray emission. Collisions of Ne10+ with He, Ne, Ar, CO, and CO 2 have been investigated by means of the traditional noncoincident-singles X-ray spectroscopy in addition to the triple-coincidence measurements of X-rays, scattered projectile, and target recoil ions for the atomic targets. The coincidence measurements enable one to reduce the singles X-ray spectra into partial spectra originating in single-electron capture ( SEC) and MEC collisions. The measurements provide unequivocal evidence of the significant role played by MEC and strongly suggest that models based solely on SEC are bound to yield erroneous conclusions on the solar wind composition and velocities and on cometary atmospheres. The experimental relative importance of MEC collisions is compared with the molecular classical-over-the-barrier model, the classical trajectory Monte Carlo technique, and the multichannel Landau-Zener method, calculations that can qualitatively reproduce the experimental trends. C1 Hashemite Univ, Dept Phys, Zarqa 13115, Jordan. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Gulf Coast Community Coll, Div Nat Sci, Panama City, FL 32401 USA. Grand Valley State Univ, Dept Phys, Allendale, MI 49401 USA. Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100089, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ali, R (reprint author), Hashemite Univ, Dept Phys, POB 150459, Zarqa 13115, Jordan. EM ramimali@hu.edu.jo; paul@physics.unr.edu; beiersdorfer@llnl.gov; charris@gulfcoast.edu; rakovicm@gvsu.edu; wang_jianguo@iapcm.ac.cn; schultzd@ornl.gov; stancil@physast.uga.edu RI Ali, Rami/B-8198-2015 OI Ali, Rami/0000-0002-5273-882X NR 29 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP L125 EP L128 DI 10.1086/447768 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MT UT WOS:000231159900014 ER PT J AU Torres, DF Reimer, O AF Torres, DF Reimer, O TI A systematic and quantitative approach to the identification of high-energy gamma-ray source populations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : observations ID LIMITS AB A large fraction of the detections to be made by the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope ( GLAST) will initially be unidentified. We argue that traditional methodological approaches to identifying individuals and/or populations of gamma-ray sources will encounter procedural limitations. These limitations will hamper our ability to classify source populations lying in the anticipated data set with the required degree of confidence, particularly those for which no member has yet been convincingly detected in the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope ( EGRET) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory ( CGRO). Here we suggest a new paradigm for achieving the classification of gamma-ray source populations based on the implementation of an a priori protocol to search for theoretically motivated candidate sources. In order to protect the discovery potential of the sample, it is essential that such a paradigm be defined before the data are revealed. Key to the new procedure is a statistical assessment by which the discovery of a new population can be claimed. Although we explicitly refer here to the case of GLAST, the scheme we present may be adapted to other experiments that are confronted with a similar problematic. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Torres, DF (reprint author), Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM dtorres@igpp.ucllnl.org; olr@tp4.ruhr-uni-bochum.de RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP L141 EP L144 DI 10.1086/447765 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MT UT WOS:000231159900018 ER PT J AU Yee, HKC Hsieh, BC Lin, H Gladders, MD AF Yee, HKC Hsieh, BC Lin, H Gladders, MD TI The dependence of galaxy colors on luminosity and environment at z similar to 0.4 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters ID MORPHOLOGY-DENSITY RELATION; SEQUENCE CLUSTER SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION; EVOLUTION AB We analyze the B - R-c colors of galaxies as functions of luminosity and local galaxy density using a large photometric redshift catalog based on the Red- Sequence Cluster Survey. We select two samples of galaxies with a magnitude limit of M-Rc < -18.5 and redshift ranges of 0.2 <= z < 0.4 and 0.4 <= z < 0.6 containing similar to 10(5) galaxies each. We model the color distributions of subsamples of galaxies and derive the red galaxy fraction and peak colors of red and blue galaxies as functions of galaxy luminosity and environment. The evolution of these relationships over the redshift range of z similar to 0.5 - 0.05 is analyzed in combination with published results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that there is a strong evolution in the rest- frame peak color of bright blue galaxies in that they become redder with decreasing redshift, while the colors of faint blue galaxies remain approximately constant. This effect supports the "downsizing" scenario of star formation in galaxies. While the general dependence of the galaxy color distributions on the environment is small, we find that the change of red galaxy fraction with epoch is a function of the local galaxy density, suggesting that the downsizing effect may operate with different timescales in regions of different galaxy densities. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan. Acad Sinica, Inst Astrophys & Astron, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Yee, HKC (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. EM hyee@astro.utoronto.ca; paul@cluster.asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; hlin@fnal.gov; gladders@ociw.edu NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP L77 EP L80 DI 10.1086/444618 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MT UT WOS:000231159900002 ER PT J AU Young, PA Meakin, C Arnett, D Fryer, CL AF Young, PA Meakin, C Arnett, D Fryer, CL TI The impact of hydrodynamic mixing on supernova progenitors SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars : evolution; supernovae : general ID PREDICTIVE STELLAR EVOLUTION; OBSERVATIONAL TESTS; RADIAL OSCILLATIONS; SOLAR OSCILLATIONS; MASSIVE STARS; CONVECTION; EXCITATION; SHELL AB Recent multidimensional hydrodynamic simulations have demonstrated the importance of hydrodynamic motions in the convective boundary and radiative regions of stars to transport of energy, momentum, and composition. The impact of these processes increases with stellar mass. Stellar models that approximate this physics have been tested on several classes of observational problems. In this Letter, we examine the implications of the improved treatment for supernova progenitors. The improved models predict substantially different interior structures. We present presupernova conditions and simple explosion calculations from stellar models with and without the improved mixing treatment at 23 M-circle dot. The results differ substantially. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Mail Stop B227,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM payoung@lanl.gov; cmeakin@as.arizona.edu; darnett@as.arizona.edu; fryer@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 2 BP L101 EP L104 DI 10.1086/447769 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 954MT UT WOS:000231159900008 ER PT J AU Park, H Yoon, SS Heister, SD AF Park, H Yoon, SS Heister, SD TI A nonlinear atomization model for computation of drop size distributions and spray simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE liquid jet; spray; atomization; drop size ID LIQUID JET; INTERNAL FLOW; INSTABILITY; SURFACE; CAVITATION; MECHANISMS; VELOCITY; BREAKUP; WAVES AB A model has been developed to provide a comprehensive simulation of a spray formed by a high-speed liquid jet. The primary atomization process is simulated in a completely nonlinear fashion using the boundary element method under the assumption of axisymmetric, inviscid flow. The presence of the orifice boundary layer is simulated with a ring vortex whose strength and location are uniquely determined from boundary layer properties at the orifice exit plane. Droplet and axisymmetric ligament tracking models have been developed to provide more comprehensive spray simulations. The breakup of the axisymmetric ligaments shed from the parent surface is assessed both in a nonlinear fashion as well as using the linear stability analysis of Ponstein. Using this latter approach, drop size distributions have been generated from first principles and compared with the popular Rosin-Rammler model. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Fire Sci & Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Heister, SD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM hbpark@purdue.edu; ssyoon@sandia.gov; heister@ecn.purdue.edu NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 48 IS 11 BP 1219 EP 1240 DI 10.1002/fld.972 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 952HJ UT WOS:000230994300003 ER PT J AU Hannoun, N Alexiades, V Mai, TZ AF Hannoun, N Alexiades, V Mai, TZ TI A reference solution for phase change with convection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE benchmark; phase change; pure metal melting; natural convection; enthalpy method; verification ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; PURE METAL; SOLIDIFICATION PROBLEMS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; NATURAL-CONVECTION; VERTICAL WALL AB A reference solutions for phase change involving convection in the melt is currently missing. In the present study, we focus on the problem of melting of pure tin in a square cavity heated from the side, which is used as a benchmark test problem. The mathematical model used for the simulations is based on the enthalpy formulation. Extensive numerical computations are performed with grids as fine as 800 x 800. The convergence of the numerical solution is demonstrated and its level assessed. Data values and plots are provided for use as a reference solution. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Math, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Hannoun, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hannoun@math.utk.edu; alexiades@utk.edu; tmai@gp.as.ua.edu NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 48 IS 11 BP 1283 EP 1308 DI 10.1002/fld.979 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 952HJ UT WOS:000230994300006 ER PT J AU Janches, D ReVelle, DO AF Janches, D ReVelle, DO TI Initial altitude of the micrometeor phenomenon: Comparison between Arecibo radar observations and theory SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE TRACKING; 430 MHZ RADAR; ATMOSPHERIC TRAJECTORIES; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION; METEOR OBSERVATIONS; INTERACTION LAYER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; COSMIC DUST; ABLATION; ALTAIR AB We present calculations of the altitude at which the micrometeor phenomenon begins, that is, the point where the interaction between micrometeoroids and the Earth's atmosphere becomes important. At these altitudes, physical processes such as light emission, heating, electron production, etc., begin to occur. The calculations are performed using four very different initial height models including ( 1) solving the full integration of the single- body meteor equations, ( 2) using a balance between the loss of momentum and the component of the acceleration due to gravity along the meteor trajectory, ( 3) using a solution that emanates from a " linearized'' form of the meteor energy equation but without including either atmosphere or meteoroid radiation emission effects, and finally ( 4) utilizing a solution of the meteor energy equation that is specifically approximated for small particles. We compare our evaluated theoretical results with direct micrometeor observations detected using the 430 MHz Arecibo Observatory ( AO) radar system. The goal of these calculations is to provide reliable initial conditions in order to completely model the AO micrometeor observations, most of which have nearly constant decelerations. The nature of this study, although performed with already existing theoretical formulations, is of unprecedented value because it is the first study where these models are directly compared against very highly resolved micrometeor velocity and altitude distributions that are derived directly from the radar observations. We found that the meteor energy equation approximated for small particles agrees very well with the radar observations, in particular for meteor melting temperatures of the order of 2100 K and entry angles lower than 30 degrees with respect to the radar beam normal direction. Unfortunately, from this model the composition characteristics of the particles detected by the AO radar cannot conclusively be drawn. However, comparison with the calculation of the penetration height of meteoroids reported by ReVelle ( 2005a) suggests that chondritic material seem to be the best candidate to explain the observed penetration of these particles in the mesosphere. Calculation of the light emission and electron density production of the meteor are also presented and discussed. C1 Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Janches, D (reprint author), NW Res Associates Inc, Colorado Res Associates Div, 3380 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM diego@cora.nwra.com; revelle@lanl.gov RI Janches, Diego/D-4674-2012 OI Janches, Diego/0000-0001-8615-5166 NR 63 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A8 AR A08307 DI 10.1029/2005JA011022 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 957XM UT WOS:000231406700001 ER PT J AU Wing, S Johnson, JR Newell, PT Meng, CI AF Wing, S Johnson, JR Newell, PT Meng, CI TI Dawn-dusk asymmetries, ion spectra, and sources in the northward interplanetary magnetic field plasma sheet SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; KINETIC ALFVEN WAVES; GLOBAL MHD SIMULATION; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOTAIL BOUNDARY; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL AB During periods of northward IMF, plasma sheet ions often have two components: hot ( magnetospheric origin) and cold ( magnetosheath origin). The temperatures of the cold- component ions are similar to 30 - 40% higher in the dawn sector compared to the dusk sector, implying the dawnside magnetosheath ion heating of similar to 30 - 40%. As a result, the magnetosheath ions are less distinguishable from the hot- component ions, which have lower temperatures on the dawnside, leading to a higher occurrence of the ions having ( apparent) one- component distribution. As the duration of the hourly averaged IMF being northward ( Delta t) increases from 1 to 10 hours, the occurrence of two- component ions increases from 65% to 83% in the dusk flank, but in the dawn flank it remains relatively stable at around 45%. In contrast, the occurrence of ions best characterized by kappa ( k) distribution increases from 25% to 35% in the dawn flank whereas in the dusk flank it remains relatively insensitive to Delta t ( 10%). The occurrence of a one- component Maxwellian distribution appears to be most pronounced in the region of the plasma sheet close to the midnight meridian, and these ions appear to be characteristic of the nominal plasma sheet ( hot component) ions. The densification of the plasma sheet, as Delta t increases, mainly results from the influx of the magnetosheath ions. However, the cooling of the plasma sheet ions can be attributed not only to the influx of the cold magnetosheath ions but also to the cooling of the nominal plasma sheet ions. The dawn- dusk asymmetries observed in the cold magnetosheath ion profiles should provide constraints that can help determine the roles of various proposed magnetosheath ion entry mechanisms. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Wing, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM simon.wing@jhuapl.edu NR 71 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A8 AR A08205 DI 10.1029/2005JA011086 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 957XM UT WOS:000231406700002 ER PT J AU Qu, J Shih, AJ Scattergood, RO Luo, J AF Qu, J Shih, AJ Scattergood, RO Luo, J TI Abrasive micro-blasting to improve surface integrity of electrical discharge machined WC-Co composite SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE micro-blasting; EDM; surface integrity ID CEMENTED CARBIDES; EROSION; WEAR AB This study investigates the improvement of surface integrity of wire electrical discharge machined (EDM) WC-Co composite by abrasive micro-blasting. The thermally damaged recast layer generated by EDM has craters, cracks, and bubbles, which deteriorate the surface mechanical properties. The micro-blasting, using 6-12 and 4-20 mu m size SiC abrasive, enables the removal of the recast layer and is suitable for micro mechanical components. The surface roughness of EDM rough cut WC-Co parts was improved significantly, with the average surface roughness (R-a) dropping down from 1.3 to 0.7 mu m. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the evolution change of surface texture and subsurface cross-section of EDM WC-Co workpiece. The SEM micrographs showed that the recast layer was removed efficiently. After 5s of micro-blasting, surface textures with ridge and cavity patterns were observed on fine and rough cut EDM surfaces, respectively. These surface textures could be correlated to the surface roughness measurement and crater formation in EDM spark erosion. A series of erosion wear experiment was conducted to quantify the weight reduction, calculate the erosion wear rate, and identify the wear mechanism. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,MS 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qujn@ornl.gov RI Scattergood, Ronald/D-5204-2009; OI Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-0136 J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH JI J. Mater. Process. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 166 IS 3 BP 440 EP 448 DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.09.075 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 965DB UT WOS:000231929200017 ER PT J AU Fraxedas, J Verdaguer, A Sanz, F Baudron, S Batail, P AF Fraxedas, J Verdaguer, A Sanz, F Baudron, S Batail, P TI Water nanodroplets confined in molecular nanobeakers SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; surface tension; water ID POLARIZATION FORCE MICROSCOPY; SURFACE-TENSION; LENGTH SCALES; DROPLETS; EVAPORATION; INTERFACES; FILMS AB Thanks to the ability of an AFM to topographically image a surface and to apply forces perpendicular to it we have studied the case of nanometer-scale beakers, formed by dewetting of a dissolution of an organic material with its solvent, filled with water. The confinement of such water nanodroplets (WNDs) allows their imaging and the exploration of their mechanical behavior. Surprisingly to a certain extent, the WNDs mechanical response can be approximated by a hookean spring exhibiting force constants, closely related to the surface tension, significantly larger than the well-known value of 0.073 N m(-1). We ascribe the larger values to the nanometric length scale involved. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ICMAB CSIC, Elect Mat & Crystal Growth Dept, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Barcelona, Ctr Bioelect & Nanobiosci, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Inst Le Bel 4, Lab Chim Coordinat Organ, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. Univ Angers, CNRS, FRE2447, Lab Chim Inorgan Mat & Interfaces, F-49045 Angers, France. RP Fraxedas, J (reprint author), ICMAB CSIC, Elect Mat & Crystal Growth Dept, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. EM fraxedas@icmab.es RI Verdaguer, Albert/A-4303-2008; Fraxedas, Jordi/G-3135-2013; OI Verdaguer, Albert/0000-0002-4855-821X; Fraxedas, Jordi/0000-0002-2821-4831; Baudron, Stephane/0000-0002-1517-704X NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 588 IS 1-3 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.05.024 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952MF UT WOS:000231006900010 ER PT J AU Wu, QF Hrbek, J AF Wu, QF Hrbek, J TI Coadsorption of oxygen, gold and carbon monoxide on Ru(0001) and CO2 formation: A thermal desorption study SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thermal desorption; Au nanoparticles; O-precovered Ru(0001); RuO2; CO oxidation; (CO)-C-13-O-18; CO2; synergistic effect in catalysis ID OXIDATION REACTION; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; CHEMISORBED OXYGEN; RUO2(110) SURFACE; ADSORPTION; GROWTH; KINETICS; TITANIA; PHASE; REACTIVITY AB The coadsorption of O, An and CO and COa + O-a reaction is studied on Ru(0001) using temperature programmed desorption, Auger electron spectroscopy, and low energy electron diffraction. CO/CO2 desorption is measured on surfaces with different oxygen coverages and varying concentrations of Au using isotopically labeled (CO)-C-13-O-18. There is no CO2 formation from CO adsorbed on clean Ru(0001) and O(2 x 1), but CO2 forms on CO covered RuOx surfaces. We have observed CO2 formation below room temperature on O(2 x 1) and RuOx surfaces covered by Au nanoparticles. The conversion from CO to CO2 is found to be the highest over submonolayer Au films supported on RuOx suggesting a synergistic effect between catalytic An nanoparticles and RuO2 domains. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hrbek, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hrbek@bnl.gov RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 588 IS 1-3 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.05.036 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952MF UT WOS:000231006900018 ER PT J AU Miller, NL Jin, JM Tsang, CF AF Miller, NL Jin, JM Tsang, CF TI Local climate sensitivity of the Three Gorges Dam SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-HYDROLOGY MODEL; AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION; SYSTEM AB Two simulations, control and land use change, were performed for an eight week period ( 2 April - 16 May 1990) to determine the net sensitivity of the local climate around the Three Gorges Dam. The analysis indicates that the large reservoir acts as a potential evaporating surface that decreases the surface temperature, cools the lower atmosphere, decreasing upward motion, and increasing sinking air mass. Such sinking results in low level moisture divergence, decreasing cloudiness, and increasing net downward radiation, which increases the surface temperature. However, results indicate that evaporative cooling dominates radiative warming in this initial study. The strong evaporation also supplies moisture to the atmosphere, suggesting an increase in precipitation, but the sinking moist air diverges away from the TGD region with no net change in precipitation. This numerical study represents an initial methodology for quantification of the impact of the Three Gorges Dam on the local climate and a more comprehensive, fine-scale set of multi-season simulations with additional observational data is needed for a more complete analysis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miller, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nlmiller@lbl.gov RI Miller, Norman/E-6897-2010; Jin, Jiming/A-9678-2011 NR 16 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 16 AR L16704 DI 10.1029/2005GL022821 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 957WP UT WOS:000231404300001 ER PT J AU Huang, LS Cobessi, D Tung, EY Berry, EA AF Huang, LS Cobessi, D Tung, EY Berry, EA TI Binding of the respiratory chain inhibitor antimycin to the mitochondrial bc(1) complex: A new crystal structure reveals an altered intramolecular hydrogen-bonding pattern SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytochrome bc(1); antimycin; respiratory chain; membrane protein complex; inhibitor binding site ID CYTOCHROME-C REDUCTASE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER CHAIN; RAT-LIVER MITOCHONDRIA; Q-CYCLE MECHANISM; CENTER P Q(O); RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; BOUND SUBSTRATE; A ANALOGS; B-HEMES; UBIQUINOL AB Antimycin A (antimycin), one of the first known and most potent inhibitors of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, binds to the quinone reduction site of the cytochrome bc(1) complex. Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the N-formylamino-salicyl-amide group is responsible for most of the binding specificity, and suggested that a low pK(a) for the phenolic OH group and an intramolecular H-bond between that OH and the carbonyl 0 of the salicylamide linkage are important. Two previous X-ray structures of antimycin bound to vertebrate bc(1) complex gave conflicting results. A new structure reported here of the bovine mitochondrial bc(1) complex at 2.28 A resolution with antimycin bound, allows us for the first time to reliably describe the binding of antimycin and shows that the intramolecular hydrogen bond described in solution and in the small-molecule structure is replaced by one involving the NH rather than carbonyl O of the amide linkage, with rotation of the amide group relative to the aromatic ring. The phenolic OH and formylamino N form H-bonds with conserved Asp228 of cytochrome b, and the formylamino OH-bonds via a water molecule to Lys227. A strong density, the right size and shape for a diatomic molecule is found between the other side of the dilactone ring and the alpha A helix. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Berry, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eaberry@lbl.gov FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK44842, R01 DK044842]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62563, R01 GM062563] NR 78 TC 134 Z9 151 U1 6 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 3 BP 573 EP 597 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.05.053 PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 953SC UT WOS:000231099800011 PM 16024040 ER PT J AU Thalji, RK Ahrendt, KA Bergman, RG Ellman, JA AF Thalji, RK Ahrendt, KA Bergman, RG Ellman, JA TI Annulation of aromatic Imines via directed C-H bond activation SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RUTHENIUM-CATALYZED ADDITION; CARBON-HYDROGEN BONDS; INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTROPHILIC HYDROARYLATION; ORTHO-ALKYLATION; METAL-COMPLEXES; ASYMMETRIC-SYNTHESIS; COUPLING REACTIONS; OLEFINS; FUNCTIONALIZATION; HETEROCYCLES AB [GRAPHICS] A directed C-H bond activation approach to the synthesis of indans, tetralins, dihydrofurans, dihydroindoles, and other polycyclic aromatic compounds is presented. Cyclization of aromatic ketimines and aldimines containing alkenyl groups tethered at the meta position relative to the imine directing group has been achieved using (PPh3)(3)RhCl (Wilkinson's catalyst). The cyclization of a range of aromatic ketimines and aldimines provides bi- and tricyclic ring systems with good regioselectivity. Different ring sizes and substitution patterns can be accessed through the coupling of monosubstituted, 1,1- or 1,2-disubstituted, and trisubstituted alkenes bearing both electronrich and electron-deficient functionality. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; jellman@uclink.berkeley.edu RI Ellman, Jonathan/C-7732-2013 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 069559] NR 58 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 70 IS 17 BP 6775 EP 6781 DI 10.1021/jo050757e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 954VK UT WOS:000231183000026 PM 16095296 ER PT J AU Chen, P Redner, S AF Chen, P Redner, S TI Consensus formation in multi-state majority and plurality models SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article AB We study consensus formation in interacting systems that evolve by multi-state majority rule and by plurality rule. In an update event, a group of G agents (with G odd), each endowed with an s-state spin variable, is specified. For majority rule, all group members adopt the local majority state; for plurality rule the group adopts the local plurality state. This update is repeated until a final consensus state is generally reached. In the mean field limit, the consensus time for an N-spin system increases as In N for both majority and plurality rules, with an amplitude that depends on s and G. For finite spatial dimensions, domains undergo diffusive coarsening in majority rule when s or G is small. For larger s and G, opinions spread ballistically from the few groups with an initial local majority. For plurality rule, there is always diffusive domain coarsening towards consensus. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM patrick@bu.edu; redner@bu.edu NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 33 BP 7239 EP 7252 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/38/33/003 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 964AK UT WOS:000231848100006 ER PT J AU Glaser, ST Kaczocha, M Deutsch, DG AF Glaser, ST Kaczocha, M Deutsch, DG TI Anandamide transport: A critical review SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Targeted Lipidomics CY JUN 22, 2004 CL Paestum, ITALY DE anandamide; BSA; diffusion; transport; uptake; FAAH ID ACID AMIDE HYDROLASE; ENDOGENOUS CANNABINOID ANANDAMIDE; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; N-ARACHIDONOYLETHANOLAMINE ANANDAMIDE; HEAD GROUP ANALOGS; CELLULAR UPTAKE; ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM; SELECTIVE-INHIBITION; MEMBRANE-TRANSPORT; LONG AB Anandamide (AEA) uptake has been described over the last decade to occur by facilitated diffusion, but a protein has yet to be isolated. In some cell types, it has recently been suggested that AEA, an uncharged hydrophobic molecule, passively diffuses through the plasma membrane in a process that is not proteinmediated. Since that observation, recent kinetics studies (using varying assay conditions) have both supported and denied the presence of an AEA transporter. In this review, we analyze the current literature exploring the mechanism of AEA uptake and endeavor to explain the reasons for the divergent views. One of the main variables among laboratories is the incubation time of the cells with AEA. Initial kinetics (at time points < 1 min depending upon the cell type) isolate events that occur at the plasma membrane and are most useful to study saturability of uptake and effects of purported transport inhibitors upon uptake. Results with longer incubation times reflect events not only at the plasma membrane but also interactions at intracellular sites that may include enzyme(s), other proteins, or specialized lipid-binding domains. Furthermore, at long incubation times, antagonists to A-EA receptors reduce AEA uptake. Another complicating factor in AEA transport studies is the nonspecific binding to plastic culture dishes. The magnitude of this effect may exceed AEA uptake into cells. Likewise, AEA may be released from plastic culture dishes (without cells) in such a manner as to mimic efflux from cells. AEA transport protocols using BSA, similar to the method used for fatty acid uptake studies, are gaining acceptance. This may improve AEA solution stability and minimize binding to plastic, although some groups report that BSA interferes with uptake. In response to criticisms that many transport inhibitors also inhibit the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), new compounds have recently been synthesized. Following their characterization in FAAH(+/+) and FAAH(-/-) cells and transgenic mice, several inhibitors have been shown to have physiological activity in FAAH(-/-) mice. Their targets are now being characterized with the possibility that a protein transporter for AEA may be characterized. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Deutsch, DG (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM DDeutsch@notes.sunysb.edu OI Kaczocha, Martin/0000-0002-2527-1398 NR 56 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 1584 EP 1604 DI 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.05.007 PG 21 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 961DH UT WOS:000231641600008 PM 15979096 ER PT J AU Jain, D Kim, Y Maxwell, KL Beasley, S Zhang, RG Gussin, GN Edwards, AM Darst, SA AF Jain, D Kim, Y Maxwell, KL Beasley, S Zhang, RG Gussin, GN Edwards, AM Darst, SA TI Crystal structure of bacteriophage gimel cll and its DNA complex (vol 19, pg 259, 2005) SO MOLECULAR CELL LA English DT Correction C1 Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Toronto, Ontario Ctr Struct Proteom, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada. Univ Iowa, Dept Biol Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Darst, SA (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM darst@rockefeller.edu RI Jain, Deepti/G-6921-2011; OI Jain, Deepti/0000-0002-8631-7230 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1097-2765 J9 MOL CELL JI Mol. Cell PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 578 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.07.017 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 958OQ UT WOS:000231458000017 ER PT J AU Abouzaid, E Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Escobar, CO Glazov, A Golossanov, A Gomes, RA Gouffon, P Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Ping, H Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Velissaris, C Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Worcester, M Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED Zukanovich, RF AF Abouzaid, E Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Escobar, CO Glazov, A Golossanov, A Gomes, RA Gouffon, P Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Ping, H Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Velissaris, C Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Worcester, M Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED Zukanovich, RF CA KTeV Collaboration TI Observation of the decay Xi(0)->Sigma(+)mu(-)(nu)over-bar(mu) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The Xi(0) muon semileptonic decay has been observed for the first time with nine identified events using the KTeV beam line and detector at Fermilab. The decay is normalized to the Xi(0) beta decay mode and yields a value for the ratio of decay rates Gamma(Xi(0)->Sigma(+)mu(-)nu(mu))/Gamma(Xi(0)->Sigma(+)e(-)nu(e)) of [1.8(-0.5)(+0.7)(stat)+/- 0.2(syst)]x10(-2). This is in agreement with the SU(3) flavor symmetric quark model. C1 Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Osaka Univ, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. CNRS, CPP Marseille, Marseille, France. RP Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM ragomes@ifi.unicamp.br RI Gomes, Ricardo/B-6899-2008; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Gomes, Ricardo/0000-0003-0278-4876; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 081801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.081801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900015 PM 16196851 ER PT J AU Anthony, PL Arnold, RG Arroyo, C Bega, K Biesiada, J Bosted, PE Bower, G Cahoon, J Carr, R Cates, GD Chen, JP Chudakov, E Cooke, M Decowski, P Deur, A Emam, W Erickson, R Fieguth, T Field, C Gao, J Gary, M Gustafsson, K Hicks, RS Holmes, R Hughes, EW Humensky, TB Jones, GM Kaufman, LJ Keller, L Kolomensky, YG Kumar, KS LaViolette, P Lhuillier, D Lombard-Nelsen, RM Marshall, Z Mastromarino, P McKeown, RD Michaels, R Niedziela, J Olson, M Paschke, KD Peterson, GA Pitthan, R Relyea, D Rock, SE Saxton, O Singh, J Souder, PA Szalata, ZM Turner, J Tweedie, B Vacheret, A Walz, D Weber, T Weisend, J Woods, M Younus, I AF Anthony, PL Arnold, RG Arroyo, C Bega, K Biesiada, J Bosted, PE Bower, G Cahoon, J Carr, R Cates, GD Chen, JP Chudakov, E Cooke, M Decowski, P Deur, A Emam, W Erickson, R Fieguth, T Field, C Gao, J Gary, M Gustafsson, K Hicks, RS Holmes, R Hughes, EW Humensky, TB Jones, GM Kaufman, LJ Keller, L Kolomensky, YG Kumar, KS LaViolette, P Lhuillier, D Lombard-Nelsen, RM Marshall, Z Mastromarino, P McKeown, RD Michaels, R Niedziela, J Olson, M Paschke, KD Peterson, GA Pitthan, R Relyea, D Rock, SE Saxton, O Singh, J Souder, PA Szalata, ZM Turner, J Tweedie, B Vacheret, A Walz, D Weber, T Weisend, J Woods, M Younus, I CA SLAC E158 Collaborat TI Precision measurement of the weak mixing angle in Moller scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SCATTERING; ASYMMETRIES; MODEL AB We report on a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in fixed target electron-electron (Moller) scattering: A(PV)=[-131 +/- 14(stat)+/- 10(syst)]x10(-9), leading to the determination of the weak mixing angle sin(2)theta(W)(eff)=0.2397 +/- 0.0010(stat)+/- 0.0008(syst), evaluated at Q(2)=0.026 GeV2. Combining this result with the measurements of sin(2)theta(W)(eff) at the Z(0) pole, the running of the weak mixing angle is observed with over 6 sigma significance. The measurement sets constraints on new physics effects at the TeV scale. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPINA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Smith Coll, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Thomas Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Niedziela, Jennifer/B-5538-2009; Singh, Jaideep/H-2346-2013; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; OI Singh, Jaideep/0000-0002-4810-4824; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Kumar, Krishna/0000-0001-5318-4622 NR 36 TC 142 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 081601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.081601 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900013 PM 16196849 ER PT J AU Bilodeau, RC Bozek, JD Gibson, ND Walter, CW Ackerman, GD Dumitriu, I Berrah, N AF Bilodeau, RC Bozek, JD Gibson, ND Walter, CW Ackerman, GD Dumitriu, I Berrah, N TI Inner-shell photodetachment thresholds: Unexpected long-range validity of the Wigner law SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC NEGATIVE-IONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ELECTRON-IMPACT; GROUND-STATE; RESONANCES; HE; PHOTOIONIZATION; COLLISIONS; HELIUM AB Threshold behavior in inner-shell photodetachment is studied for the first time, specifically with 2-, 3-, or 4-electron emission from He- and S-. The threshold shapes are surprisingly consistent with the Wigner threshold law in all cases, despite large PCI effects observed in He-. In S-, the s-wave law is observed to agree with the data over an unprecedented range, more than an order of magnitude greater than predictions, and allows for the observation of the d-wave component. The measurements also demonstrate a means for obtaining precise core-excitation energies of free atoms. C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Denison Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Granville, OH 43023 USA. RP Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Bilodeau, Rene/0000-0001-8607-2328 NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 083001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.083001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900018 PM 16196854 ER PT J AU Drocco, JA Hastings, MB Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C AF Drocco, JA Hastings, MB Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C TI Multiscaling at point J: Jamming is a critical phenomenon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS AB We analyze the jamming transition that occurs as a function of increasing packing density in a disordered two-dimensional assembly of disks at zero temperature for "Point J" of the recently proposed jamming phase diagram. We measure the total number of moving disks and the transverse length of the moving region, and find a power law divergence as the packing density increases toward a critical jamming density. This provides evidence that the T = 0 jamming transition as a function of packing density is a second order phase transition. Additionally, we find evidence for multiscaling, indicating the importance of long tails in the velocity fluctuations. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46656 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46656 USA. NR 11 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 088001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.088001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900068 PM 16196904 ER PT J AU Entin-Wohlman, O Aharony, A Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, V AF Entin-Wohlman, O Aharony, A Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, V TI Orbital ac spin-hall effect in the hopping regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION; ELECTRONS; SPECTRUM; SYSTEMS AB The Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions are both shown to yield the low temperature spin-Hall effect for strongly localized electrons coupled to phonons. A frequency-dependent electric field E(omega) generates a spin-polarization current, normal to E, due to interference of hopping paths. At zero temperature the corresponding spin-Hall conductivity is real and is proportional to omega(2). At nonzero temperatures the coupling to the phonons yields an imaginary term proportional to omega. The interference also yields persistent spin currents at thermal equilibrium, at E=0. The contributions from the Dresselhaus and Rashba interactions to the interference oppose each other. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Ctr Adv Mat & Nanotechnol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Entin-Wohlman, O (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; ENTIN, ORA/F-1114-2012; Kozub, Veniamin/E-4017-2014 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 086603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.086603 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900047 PM 16196883 ER PT J AU Fan, R Yue, M Karnik, R Majumdar, A Yang, PD AF Fan, R Yue, M Karnik, R Majumdar, A Yang, PD TI Polarity switching and transient responses in single nanotube nanofluidic transistors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE NANOPORE; ION-TRANSPORT; MEMBRANES; MOLECULES; FABRICATION; FLOW AB We report the integration of inorganic nanotubes into metal-oxide-solution field effect transistors (FETs) which exhibit rapid field effect modulation of ionic conductance. Surface functionalization, analogous to doping in semiconductors, can switch the nanofluidic transistors from p-type to ambipolar and n-type field effect transistors. Transient study reveals the kinetics of field effect modulation is controlled by ion-exchange step. Nanofluidic FETs have potential implications in subfemtoliter analytical technology and large-scale nanofluidic integration. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fan, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu RI Fan, Rong/B-1613-2014 NR 28 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 086607 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.086607 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900051 PM 16196887 ER PT J AU Hoyt, CW Barber, ZW Oates, CW Fortier, TM Diddams, SA Hollberg, L AF Hoyt, CW Barber, ZW Oates, CW Fortier, TM Diddams, SA Hollberg, L TI Observation and absolute frequency measurements of the S-1(0)-P-3(0) optical clock transition in neutral ytterbium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAPPHIRE FEMTOSECOND OSCILLATOR; BROAD-BAND CONTINUUM; LASER; POWER AB We report the direct excitation of the highly forbidden (6s(2))S-1(0)<->(6s6p)P-3(0) optical transition in two odd isotopes of neutral ytterbium. As the excitation laser frequency is scanned, absorption is detected by monitoring the depletion from an atomic cloud at similar to 70 mu K in a magneto-optical trap. The measured frequency in Yb-171 (F=1/2) is 518 295 836 591.6 +/- 4.4 kHz. The measured frequency in Yb-173 (F=5/2) is 518 294 576 847.6 +/- 4.4 kHz. Measurements are made with a femtosecond-laser frequency comb calibrated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology cesium fountain clock and represent nearly a 10(6)-fold reduction in uncertainty. The natural linewidth of these J=0 to J=0 transitions is calculated to be similar to 10 mHz, making them well suited to support a new generation of optical atomic clocks based on confinement in an optical lattice. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM hoycha@boulder.nist.gov RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013 NR 26 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 083003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.083003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900020 PM 16196856 ER PT J AU Huang, XR Bai, J Dudley, M Wagner, B Davis, RF Zhu, Y AF Huang, XR Bai, J Dudley, M Wagner, B Davis, RF Zhu, Y TI Step-controlled strain relaxation in the vicinal surface epitaxy of nitrides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THREADING DEFECTS; FILMS; LAYERS; CRYSTALS; GROWTH AB On-axis and vicinal GaN/AlN/6H-SiC structures grown under identical conditions have been studied by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy to demonstrate the distinctive features of vicinal surface epitaxy (VSE) of nitrides on SiC. In VSE, the epilayers are tilted from the substrate due to the out-of-plane lattice mismatch (Nagai tilts), and the in-plane mismatch strains are more relaxed. The majority of misfit dislocations (MDs) at the vicinal AlN/6H-SiC interface are found to be unpaired partial MDs that are geometrically necessary to correct the stacking sequences from 6H to 2H. This mechanism indicates that it is possible to develop "step-controlled-epitaxy" strategies to control strain relaxation by adjusting the substrate offcut angles. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Huang, XR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM xiahuang@ms.cc.sunysb.edu RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 086101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.086101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900037 PM 16196873 ER PT J AU Kim, TH Lee, GW Sieve, B Gangopadhyay, AK Hyers, RW Rathz, TJ Rogers, JR Robinson, DS Kelton, KF Goldman, AI AF Kim, TH Lee, GW Sieve, B Gangopadhyay, AK Hyers, RW Rathz, TJ Rogers, JR Robinson, DS Kelton, KF Goldman, AI TI In situ high-energy X-ray diffraction study of the local structure of supercooled liquid Si SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNDERCOOLED MOLTEN SILICON; TRANSITIONS; DENSITY; SYSTEMS AB Employing the technique of electrostatic levitation, coupled with high-energy x-ray diffraction and rapid data acquisition methods, we have obtained high quality structural data more deeply into the supercooled regime of liquid silicon than has been possible before. No change in coordination number is observed in this temperature region, calling into question previous experimental claims of structural evidence for the existence of a liquid-liquid phase transition. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Hyers, Robert/G-3755-2010 NR 18 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 085501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.085501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900032 PM 16196868 ER PT J AU Lawes, G Harris, AB Kimura, T Rogado, N Cava, RJ Aharony, A Entin-Wohlman, O Yildirim, T Kenzelmann, M Broholm, C Ramirez, AP AF Lawes, G Harris, AB Kimura, T Rogado, N Cava, RJ Aharony, A Entin-Wohlman, O Yildirim, T Kenzelmann, M Broholm, C Ramirez, AP TI Magnetically driven ferroelectric order in Ni3V2O8 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CO3V2O8 AB We show that long-range ferroelectric and incommensurate magnetic order appear simultaneously in a single phase transition in Ni3V2O8. The temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the spontaneous polarization show a strong coupling between magnetic and ferroelectric orders. We determine the magnetic symmetry using Landau theory for continuous phase transitions, which shows that the spin structure alone can break spatial inversion symmetry leading to ferroelectric order. This phenomenological theory explains our experimental observation that the spontaneous polarization is restricted to lie along the crystal b axis and predicts that the magnitude should be proportional to a magnetic order parameter. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Lawes, G (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009; Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; ENTIN, ORA/F-1114-2012; Kenzelmann, Michel/A-8438-2008; harris, A Brooks/C-8640-2013 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Kenzelmann, Michel/0000-0001-7913-4826; NR 16 TC 434 Z9 439 U1 11 U2 66 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 087205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.087205 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900062 PM 16196898 ER PT J AU Mazevet, S Clerouin, J Recoules, V Anglade, PM Zerah, G AF Mazevet, S Clerouin, J Recoules, V Anglade, PM Zerah, G TI Ab-initio simulations of the optical properties of warm dense gold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; METALS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; FEMTOSECOND; SILICON AB Using a combination of classical and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the structure and the electrical conductivity of warm dense gold during the first picoseconds after a short-pulse laser illumination. We find that the ions remain in their initial fcc structure for several picoseconds, despite electron temperatures ranging from a few to several eV after the laser illumination. The electrical conductivities calculated under these nonequilibrium conditions and using the latter assumption are in remarkable agreement with recent measurements using a short-pulse laser interacting with gold thin films. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEA, DAM Ile France, Dept Phys Theor & Appl, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Mazevet, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clerouin, jean/D-8528-2015 OI Clerouin, jean/0000-0003-2144-2759 NR 19 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 085002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.085002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900030 PM 16196866 ER PT J AU Miao, JW Nishino, Y Kohmura, Y Johnson, B Song, CY Risbud, SH Ishikawa, T AF Miao, JW Nishino, Y Kohmura, Y Johnson, B Song, CY Risbud, SH Ishikawa, T TI Quantitative image reconstruction of GaN quantum dots from oversampled diffraction intensities alone SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MICROSCOPY; PULSES AB The missing data problem, i.e., the intensities at the center of diffraction patterns cannot be experimentally measured, is currently a major limitation for wider applications of coherent diffraction microscopy. We report here that, when the missing data are confined within the centrospeckle, the missing data problem can be reliably solved. With an improved instrument, we recorded 27 oversampled diffraction patterns at various orientations from a GaN quantum dot nanoparticle and performed quantitative image reconstruction from the diffraction intensities alone. This work in principle clears the way for single-shot imaging experiments using x-ray free electron lasers. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CNSI, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RIKEN, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Ishikawa, Tetsuya/I-4775-2012; Kohmura, Yoshiki/A-9967-2016; Nishino, Yoshinori/A-9927-2008 OI Ishikawa, Tetsuya/0000-0002-6906-9909; Kohmura, Yoshiki/0000-0001-5182-063X; Nishino, Yoshinori/0000-0002-7215-8013 NR 21 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 085503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.085503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900034 PM 16196870 ER PT J AU Tao, XP Landau, DP Schulthess, TC Stocks, GM AF Tao, XP Landau, DP Schulthess, TC Stocks, GM TI Spin waves in paramagnetic bcc iron: Spin dynamics simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOCAL-BAND THEORY; ITINERANT FERROMAGNETISM; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; HEISENBERG-MODEL; TC; METALS; NICKEL AB Large scale computer simulations are used to elucidate a long-standing controversy regarding the existence, or otherwise, of spin waves in paramagnetic bcc iron. Spin dynamics simulations of the dynamic structure factor of a Heisenberg model of Fe with first principles interactions reveal that well defined peaks persist far above Curie temperature T-c. At large wave vectors these peaks can be ascribed to propagating spin waves; at small wave vectors the peaks correspond to overdamped spin waves. Paradoxically, spin wave excitations exist despite only limited magnetic short-range order at and above T-c. C1 Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tao, XP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM txp@uga.edu RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 19 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 8 AR 087207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.087207 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000231310900064 PM 16196900 ER PT J AU Castagnola, NB Kropf, AJ Marshall, CL AF Castagnola, NB Kropf, AJ Marshall, CL TI Studies of Cu-ZSM-5 by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and its application for the oxidation of benzene to phenol by air SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE phenol; Cu-ZSM-5; X-ray absorption spectroscopy ID PHASE CATALYTIC-OXIDATION; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; PALLADIUM MEMBRANE; ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE; ZEOLITE MATRICES; ZSM-5 ZEOLITES; EXAFS ANALYSIS; NITROUS-OXIDE; CU IONS; OXYGEN AB The oxidation of benzene to phenol has been successfully carried out in air over Cu-ZSM-5 at moderate temperatures. Several parameters such as Cu loading, calcination temperature and co-exchanged metal ions influence the nature of the catalyst. At low Cu loadings, the catalyst is more selective to phenol while at high Cu loadings CO2 is the major product. In situ H-2-TPR XAFS studies reveal that at low Cu loadings, Cu exists as isolated pentacoordinated ions, with 4 equatorial oxygens at 1.94 angstrom and a more distant axial oxygen at 2.34 angstrom. At higher loadings, monomeric as well as dimeric Cu species exist, with a Cu-Cu distance of 2.92 angstrom. This suggests that the isolated Cu sites are the active sites responsible for phenol formation. When the catalyst was calcined at 450 degrees C, the activity peaked in the first hour and then slowly deactivated, but when the calcination temperature was increased to 850 degrees C, the activity slowly increased until it reached a plateau. Analysis of the XANES region during in situ H-2-TPR shows that at lower calcination temperatures two reduction peaks are present, corresponding to Cu2+ -> Cu+ and Cu+ -> Cu-0. At high calcination temperatures, only a small fraction of the Cu undergoes the two-step reduction and most of the Cu remains in the +2 state. Slow deactivation of the catalyst calcined at 450 degrees C is due to migration of the Cu ions to inaccessible sites in the zeolite; at high calcination temperatures the Cu is tightly bound to the framework and is unable to migrate. EXAFS analysis of the sample calcined at 850 degrees C reveals two Cu-Si(Al) scattering paths at 2.83 angstrom. Doping the catalyst with other metals, in particular Ag and Pd, further improves the activity and selectivity of the reaction. The addition of water to the reaction increases the selectivity of the reaction by displacing the product from the active site. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Marshall, CL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM CLMarshall@anl.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648 NR 41 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 290 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2005.05.022 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 955AR UT WOS:000231197500013 ER PT J AU Jalil, PA Kariapper, MS Faiz, M Tabet, N Hamdan, NM Diaz, J Hussain, Z AF Jalil, PA Kariapper, MS Faiz, M Tabet, N Hamdan, NM Diaz, J Hussain, Z TI Surface and bulk investigation of ZSM5 and Al-MCM-41 using synchrotron XPS, XANES, and hexane cracking SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE ZSM5; Al-MCM-41; XANES ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; MCM-41 MESOPOROUS SILICA; N-HEXANE; CATALYTIC CRACKING; ZEOLITES; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; MECHANISM; H-ZSM-5; ACIDITY AB We present a comparative study of ZSM5 and Al-MCM-41 catalysts using spectroscopic and chemical techniques. The analysis of conventional and synchrotron XPS spectra of these catalysts reveals the presence of a topmost surface-related Si peak in addition to the bulk peak. XANES results suggest structural modification upon heating Al-MCM-41 at 500 degrees C. Depth-resolved XPS data show Al depletion from the surface of Al-MCM-41 in contrast to surface enrichment of Al in ZSM5. These surface modifications could be one of the reasons for the weak acidity of Al-MCM-41 in chemical reactions such as hexane cracking at different temperatures. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Chem, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Phys, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, Oviedo 33007, Spain. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kariapper, MS (reprint author), King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. EM mohamedk@kfupm.edu.sa RI Kariapper, Mohamed/A-8507-2008 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 290 IS 1-2 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2005.05.025 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 955AR UT WOS:000231197500018 ER PT J AU Shashilov, VA Ermolenkov, VV Levitskaia, TG Lednev, IK AF Shashilov, VA Ermolenkov, VV Levitskaia, TG Lednev, IK TI Metal ion binding by a bicyclic diamide: Deep UV Raman spectroscopic characterization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET RESONANCE RAMAN; LANTHANIDE(III) COMPLEXES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY; SPECTRA; CONSTANTS; NMR; DERIVATIVES; LIGANDS; DENSITY AB Deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy was used for characterizing ligand-metal ion complexes. The obtained results demonstrated a strong intrinsic sensitivity and selectivity of a Raman spectroscopic signature of a bicyclic diamide, a novel chelating agent for lanthanides and actinides (Lumetta, G. J.; Rapko, B. M.; Garza, P. A.; Hay, B. P.; Gilbertson, R. D.; Weakley, T. J. R.; Hutchison, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 5644). Molecular modeling, which included structure optimization and calculation of Raman frequencies and resonance intensities, allowed for assigning all strong Raman bands of the bicyclic diamide as well as predicting the band shifts observed because of complex formation with metal ions. A comparative analysis of Raman spectra and the results of the molecular modeling could be used for elucidating the structure of complexes in solution. C1 SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiochem Proc Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lednev, IK (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM lednev@albany.edu NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 7094 EP 7098 DI 10.1021/jp052763k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 954TR UT WOS:000231178300012 PM 16834072 ER PT J AU Fockenberg, C AF Fockenberg, C TI Product study of the photolysis of ketene and ethyl ethynyl ether at 193.3 nm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; EVALUATED KINETIC DATA; RATE-CONSTANT; REMOVAL RATES; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION; RECOMBINATION REACTION; GAS-PHASE; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; METHYLENE AB The product distributions of the excimer laser photolysis of ketene (CH2CO) and ethyl ethynyl ether (C2H5OCCH) at lambda = 193.3 nm (ArF) were studied using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) as an analytical tool. Ketene was photolyzed in bath gases consisting of mixtures of He and H-2/D-2 at various mixing ratios at constant total pressures of 4 Torr and temperature of about 300 K. Singlet methylene ((CH2)-C-1) produced in the photolysis of ketene was almost instantaneously converted either to triplet methylene ((CH2)-C-3) or to methyl radicals in collisions with He and H-2 or D-2. By extrapolating the methyl and methylene signals to zero time after photolysis, initial concentrations of these radicals were obtained. Analyzing the initial (CH2)-C-3 and CH3 concentrations as functions of hydrogen-to-helium ratios as well as simulating the observed traces of reactant and product species resulted in (CH2)-C-1 + CO (66 +/- 8)%, as the main product channel of the ketene photolysis with smaller contributions from HCCO + H (17 +/- 7)% and (CH2)-C-3 + CO (6 +/- 9)%. Hydrogen atoms, acetylene, ethylene, ethyl, and ketenyl radicals, and small amounts of ketene were observed as primary products of the ethyl ethynyl ether photolysis. Quantification of C2H2, C2H4, C2H5, and CH2CO product leads to a HCCO yield of (91 +/- 14)%. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Chem Dept 555A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fockenberg, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Chem Dept 555A, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM christopher.fockenberg@web.de NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 7140 EP 7150 DI 10.1021/jp044092g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 954TR UT WOS:000231178300018 PM 16834078 ER PT J AU Badaeva, EA Timofeeva, TV Masunov, AM Tretiak, S AF Badaeva, EA Timofeeva, TV Masunov, AM Tretiak, S TI Role of donor-acceptor strengths and separation on the two-photon absorption response of cytotoxic dyes: A TD-DFT study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Review ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; OPTICAL-DATA STORAGE; INTEGRAL-EQUATION FORMALISM; PUSH-PULL CHROMOPHORES; CROSS-SECTIONS; BIS(STYRYL)BENZENE DERIVATIVES; NONLINEAR POLARIZABILITIES; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; PHOTORADIATION THERAPY AB Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) is applied to model one-photon (OPA) and two-photon (TPA) absorption spectra in a series of conjugated cytotoxic dyes. Good agreement with available experimental data is found for calculated excitation energies and cross sections. Calculations show that both OPA and TPA spectra in the molecules studied are typically dominated by two strong peaks corresponding to different electronic states. We find that donor-acceptor strengths and conjugated bridge length have a strong impact on the cross-section magnitudes of low- and high-frequency TPA maxima, respectively. These trends are analyzed in terms of the natural transition orbitals of the corresponding electronic states. Observed structure-property relationships may have useful implications on design of organic conjugated chromophores with tunable two-photon absorption properties for photodynamic therapy applications. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Highlands Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Las Vegas, NM 87701 USA. RP Tretiak, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@cnls.lanl.gov RI Masunov, Artem/A-1745-2011; Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Masunov, Artem/0000-0003-4924-3380; Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 FU NIMHD NIH HHS [1P20MD001104-01] NR 104 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 7276 EP 7284 DI 10.1021/jp0521510 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 954TR UT WOS:000231178300033 PM 16834093 ER PT J AU Sirbuly, DJ Law, M Yan, HQ Yang, PD AF Sirbuly, DJ Law, M Yan, HQ Yang, PD TI Semiconductor nanowires for subwavelength photonics integration SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Review ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; EPITAXIAL THIN-FILMS; TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; INDIUM-PHOSPHIDE NANOWIRES; GALLIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; ZINC-OXIDE NANOWIRES; GAAS NANO-WHISKERS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GAN NANOWIRES AB This article focuses on one-dimensional (ID) semiconductor subwavelength optical elements and assesses their potential use as active and passive components in photonic devices. An updated overview of their optical properties, including spontaneous emission, ultrafast carrier dynamics, cavity resonance feedback (lasing), photodetection, and waveguiding, is provided. The ability to physically manipulate these structures on surfaces to form simple networks and assemblies is the first step toward integrating chemically synthesized nanomaterials into photonic circuitry. These high index semiconductor nanowires are capable of efficiently guiding light through liquid media, suggesting a role for such materials in microfluidics-based biosensing applications. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu NR 159 TC 211 Z9 213 U1 9 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15190 EP 15213 DI 10.1021/jp051813i PG 24 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000004 PM 16852925 ER PT J AU Naicker, PK Cummings, PT Zhang, HZ Banfield, JF AF Naicker, PK Cummings, PT Zhang, HZ Banfield, JF TI Characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using molecular dynamics simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ANATASE-TO-RUTILE; NANOCRYSTALLINE ANATASE; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; TIO2 POLYMORPHS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; AMORPHOUS TITANIA; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; POTENTIAL MODELS; PARTICLE-SIZE AB Molecular dynamics simulations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the three commonly occurring phases (anatase, brookite, and rutile) are reported. The structural properties inferred by simulated X-ray diffraction patterns of the nanoparticles were investigated. The titanium-oxygen bond length as a function of size, phase, and temperature was determined and was found to be dependent on the coordination environment of the titanium and independent of phase and size. The equilibrium Ti-O bond length is 1.86 angstrom for a four-coordinated titanium ion, 1.92 angstrom for a five-coordinated titanium ion, and 1.94 angstrom for an octahedral titanium ion. Smaller nanoparticles are characterized by a higher fraction of titanium ions that are four and five coordinated, due to the larger surface area-to-volume ratios. The surface energies for anatase, rutile, and brookite particles were reported. The surface energy of the nanoparticle increases and approaches a constant value as the particle gets bigger. The surface energies of small rutile particles are higher than that for anatase particles of a similar size, consistent with anatase being the more stable phase of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. C1 Univ Cape Town, Dept Chem, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nanomat Theory Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Naicker, PK (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Chem, Private Bag Rondebosch, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa. EM pnaicker@science.uct.ac.za RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 56 TC 125 Z9 131 U1 6 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15243 EP 15249 DI 10.1021/jp050963q PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000009 PM 16852930 ER PT J AU Furis, M Hollingsworth, JA Klimov, VI Crooker, SA AF Furis, M Hollingsworth, JA Klimov, VI Crooker, SA TI Time- and polarization-resolved optical spectroscopy of colloidal CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots in high magnetic fields SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; EXCHANGE INTERACTION; DARK-EXCITON; POLYMER AB In an effort to elucidate the spin (rather than charge) degrees of freedom in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots, we report on a series of static and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements of colloidal CdSe quantum dots in ultrahigh magnetic fields up to 45 T. At low temperatures (1.5-40 K), the steady-state photoluminescence (PL) develops a high degree of circular polarization with applied magnetic field, indicating the presence of spin-polarized excitons. Time-resolved PL studies reveal a marked decrease in radiative exciton lifetime with increasing magnetic field and temperature. Except for an initial burst of unpolarized PL immediately following photoexcitation, high-field time-resolved PL measurements reveal a constant degree of circular polarization throughout the entire exciton lifetime, even in the presence of pronounced exciton transfer via Forster energy transfer processes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Crooker, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM crooker@lanl.gov RI Furis, Madalina/F-8090-2015 OI Furis, Madalina/0000-0001-9007-5492 NR 30 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15332 EP 15338 DI 10.1021/jp051738b PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000023 PM 16852944 ER PT J AU Yan, WF Mahurin, SM Chen, B Overbury, SH Dai, S AF Yan, WF Mahurin, SM Chen, B Overbury, SH Dai, S TI Effect of supporting surface layers on catalytic activities of gold nanoparticles in CO oxidation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; SOL-GEL PROCESS; AU/TIO2 CATALYSTS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; TITANIA; TIO2; SILICA; ADSORPTION; ALKOXIDES; BROOKITE AB The surfaces of fumed silica materials were modified with a surface sol-gel process for catalysis applications. This surface-modification approach allows not only a monolayer growth of TiO2 or Al2O3 but also a stepwise double-layer growth of TiO2/TiO2, Al2O3/Al2O3, TiO2/Al2O3, or Al2O3/TiO2 on the surfaces of the silica materials with a monolayer precision. XRD analyses revealed that the coated monolayers and double layers of TiO2 and Al2O3 were amorphous. Gold nanoparticles were successfully deposited on the above six surface-modified silica materials via a deposition-precipitation method. The catalytic activities of these six gold catalysts for CO oxidation are highly dependent on the structures of their surface monolayers or double layers. The gold catalyst supported on the silica material functionalized with a TiO2 monolayer (Au/TiO2) is the most active in both as-synthesized and oxidized forms, while the gold catalyst supported on the silica material functionalized with an Al2O3/TiO2 double layer (Au/Al2O3/TiO2/SiO2) is the most active in the reduced form among the six catalysts. Surprisingly, the gold catalyst supported on the silica material functionalized with a TiO2/Al2O3 double layer (Au/TiO2/Al2O3/SiO2) has much less activity than Au/Al2O3/TiO2/SiO2 under all various treatments, underscoring the sensitivity of the catalytic activity to the structure of the supporting surfaces. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 40 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15489 EP 15496 DI 10.1021/jp052006m PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000044 PM 16852965 ER PT J AU Daschbach, JL Kim, J Ayotte, P Smith, RS Kay, BD AF Daschbach, JL Kim, J Ayotte, P Smith, RS Kay, BD TI Adsorption and desorption of HCl on Pt(111) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CHLORINE ADSORPTION; HYDRATION PROCESSES; HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE; SURFACE; COADSORPTION; WATER; CL; KINETICS; STM; CHEMISORPTION AB The adsorption and desorption of HCl on Pt(111) is investigated by temperature programmed desorption, infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, and low energy electron diffraction. Five peaks are identified in the desorption spectra prior to the onset of multilayer desorption. At low coverage (Theta < 0.25 monolayers (ML)), desorption peaks at similar to 135 and 200 K are observed and assigned to recombinative desorption of dissociated HCl. At higher coverages, desorption peaks at 70, 77, and 84 K are observed. These peaks are assigned to the desorption of molecularly adsorbed HCl. The infrared spectra are in agreement with these assignments and show that HCl deposited at 20 K is amorphous but crystallizes when heated above 60 K. Kinetic analysis of the desorption spectra reveals a strong repulsive coverage dependence for the desorption energy of the low coverage features (Theta < 0.25 ML). The diffraction data indicate that at low temperature the adsorbed HCl clusters into ordered islands with a (3 x 3) structure and a local coverage of 4/9 with respect to the Pt(111) substrate. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Chim, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. RP Kay, BD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Bruce.Kay@pnl.gov RI Smith, Scott/G-2310-2015 OI Smith, Scott/0000-0002-7145-1963 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15506 EP 15514 DI 10.1021/jp058139p PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000046 PM 16852967 ER PT J AU Wick, CD Dang, LX AF Wick, CD Dang, LX TI Diffusion at the liquid-vapor interface of an aqueous ionic solution utilizing a dual simulation technique SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ABSORBING BOUNDARY; WATER; MEMBRANES; CHEMISTRY; MOTION AB The recently proposed dual simulation technique [J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 6595.], with slight modification, was used to determine the diffusion coefficients for a variety of regions of a 2.2 M sodium chloride aqueous solution with a vapor-liquid interface. The diffusion of all species was shown to be isotropic far away from the interface, but at different regions in the interface, the diffusion coefficients parallel and perpendicular to the interface did not agree for water and chloride. Specifically, interfacial water diffusion parallel to the interface was significantly higher than diffusion perpendicular to the interface. Chloride ions showed even larger anisotropicity in its diffusion coefficient at the interface, with its perpendicular diffusion being similar to its bulk value, but parallel diffusion being much higher, corresponding to the region of highest chloride ion concentration. The origin for this was found to be hydrogen bonds with waters which are highly oriented perpendicular to the interface, somewhat impeding chloride ion diffusion perpendicular to the interface. While sodium ion diffusion increased at the interface, its interfacial concentration is low in that region, and its diffusion was fairly isotropic throughout all regions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wick, CD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM collin.wick@pnl.gov NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 32 BP 15574 EP 15579 DI 10.1021/jp051226x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 954TO UT WOS:000231178000054 PM 16852975 ER PT J AU Girard, TA Giuliani, F Morlat, T da Costa, MF Collar, JI Limagne, C Waysand, G Puibasset, J Miley, HS Auguste, M Boyer, D Cavaillou, A Marques, JG Oliveira, C Fernandes, AC Ramos, AR Martins, RC AF Girard, TA Giuliani, F Morlat, T da Costa, MF Collar, JI Limagne, C Waysand, G Puibasset, J Miley, HS Auguste, M Boyer, D Cavaillou, A Marques, JG Oliveira, C Fernandes, AC Ramos, AR Martins, RC TI SIMPLE dark matter search results SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE WIMP search ID SUPERHEATED DROPLET DETECTOR; CROSS-SECTION; LIMITS AB We report an improved SIMPLE experiment comprising four superheated droplet detectors with a total exposure of 0.42 kgd. The result yields similar to factor 10 improvement in the previously-reported results, and-despite the low exposure-is seen to provide restrictions on the allowed phase space of spin-dependent coupling strengths almost equivalent to those from the significantly larger exposure NAIAD-CDMS/ZEPLIN searches. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Paris 07, INSP, UMR 7588, CNRS, F-75251 Paris, France. Univ Paris 06, F-75251 Paris, France. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Souterrain Bas Bruit, F-84400 Rustrel Pays Apt, France. Inst Tecnol & Nucl, P-2686953 Sacavem, Portugal. Inst Super Tecn, Dept Elect, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Girard, TA (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. EM criodets@cii.fc.ul.pt RI Marques, Jose/H-6145-2011; Martins, Raul/A-6289-2013; Lopes Ramos Wahl, Ana Rita/C-1337-2012; Fernandes, Ana/A-6974-2013; Oliveira, Carlos/K-2966-2013; Felizardo, Miguel/N-1798-2015 OI Marques, Jose/0000-0002-3724-5664; Fernandes, Ana/0000-0001-6880-7634; Girard, Thomas/0000-0003-4113-880X; Martins, Raul/0000-0002-9517-5238; Lopes Ramos Wahl, Ana Rita/0000-0001-6652-7698; Oliveira, Carlos/0000-0002-1101-5836; Felizardo, Miguel/0000-0002-6458-1428 NR 25 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 3-4 BP 233 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.070 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 954PY UT WOS:000231168200001 ER PT J AU Cloet, IC Bentz, W Thomas, AW AF Cloet, IC Bentz, W Thomas, AW TI Nucleon quark distributions in a covariant quark-diquark model SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; Q(2) EVOLUTION-EQUATIONS; EXTENDED NJL MODEL; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; FADDEEV EQUATION; POLARIZED QUARK; QCD ANALYSIS; SPIN; PROTON AB Spin-dependent and spin-independent quark light-cone momentum distributions and structure functions are calculated for the nucleon. We utilize a modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in which confinement is simulated by eliminating unphysical thresholds for nucleon decay into quarks. The nucleon bound state is obtained by solving the Faddeev equation in the quark-diquark approximation, where both scalar and axial-vector diquark channels are included. We find excellent agreement between our model results and empirical data. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys & Math Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Sch Sci, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. RP Cloet, IC (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM icloet@physics.adelaide.edu.au; bentz@keyaki.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp; awthomas@jlab.org RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012 OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 41 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 3-4 BP 246 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.065 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 954PY UT WOS:000231168200003 ER PT J AU Cotanch, SR Williams, RA AF Cotanch, SR Williams, RA TI Tensor glueball photoproduction and decay SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE glueball widths; glueball photoproduction; vector and tensor meson dominance ID COUPLING-CONSTANTS; SCALAR GLUEBALL; LATTICE AB Using vector meson dominance (VMD), tensor glueball photoproduction cross sections, asymmetries and widths are calculated. The predicted hadronic W decays are comparable for different vector meson (V = rho, omega and phi) channels with the omega phi width the largest but the radiative omega gamma and rho gamma decays are suppressed relative to rho gamma by over a factor of 2. This decay profile is distinct from typical meson branching rates and may be a useful glueball detection signature. Results are compared to a previous VMD scalar glueball study. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Hampton Univ, Nucl Phys Grp, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Cotanch, SR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM cotanch@ncsu.edu NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 18 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 3-4 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.069 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 954PY UT WOS:000231168200006 ER PT J AU Zhang, XX Perez, JD Chen, T Wang, C Brandt, PC Mitchell, DG Wang, YL AF Zhang, XX Perez, JD Chen, T Wang, C Brandt, PC Mitchell, DG Wang, YL TI Proton temperatures in the ring current from ENA images and in situ measurements SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL ATOM IMAGES; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS AB Ion equatorial flux distributions, inverted from energetic neutral atom (ENA) images in different energy channels obtained by the HENA imager on the IMAGE satellite, are used to deduce the plasma ion temperature in the ring current. During the early period of the recovery phase of the strong storm on 12 August 2000, the deduced ion temperatures of the ring current are consistent with the values inferred from in situ LANL MPA measurements. The ion temperatures show a peak in the post-midnight/pre-dawn sector coincident with the peak in the equatorial ion distributions. The temperature, however, is more symmetrical than the ion flux implying that, at least in this part of the energy spectrum, the density variations make the major contribution to pressure gradients. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Space Sci & Appl Res, Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, XX (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM xxzhang@physics.auburn.edu; perez@physics.auburn.edu; tchen@center.cssar.ac.cn; cw@spaceweather.ac.cn; brandpc1@jhuapl.edu; donald.g.mitchell@jhuapl.edu; ywang@lanl.gov RI Brandt, Pontus/N-1218-2016 OI Brandt, Pontus/0000-0002-4644-0306 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 16 AR L16101 DI 10.1029/2005GL023481 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 957WN UT WOS:000231404100004 ER PT J AU Edwards, AH Pineda, AC Schultz, PA Martin, MG Thompson, AP Hjalmarson, HP AF Edwards, AH Pineda, AC Schultz, PA Martin, MG Thompson, AP Hjalmarson, HP TI Theory of persistent, p-type, metallic conduction in c-GeTe SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS AB It has been known for over twenty years that rhombohedral c-germanium telluride is predicted to be a narrow gap semiconductor. However, it always displays p-type metallic conduction. This behaviour is also observed in other chalcogenide materials, including Ge2Sb2Te5, commonly used for optically and electrically switched, non-volatile memory, and so is of great interest. We present a theoretical study of the electronic structure of the perfect crystal and of the formation energies of germanium/tellurium vacancy and antisite defects in rhombohedral germanium telluride. We find that germanium vacancies are by far the most readily formed defect, independent of Fermi level and of growth ambient. Moreover, we predict that the perfect crystal is thermodynamically unstable. Thus, the predicted large equilibrium densities of the germanium vacancy of similar to 5 x 10(19) cm(-3) results in a partially filled valence band and in the observed p-type conductivity. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Multiscale Computat Mat Methods, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Edwards, AH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 23 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD AUG 17 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 32 BP L329 EP L335 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/32/L01 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 960FT UT WOS:000231576300002 ER PT J AU Zeng, WQ Silvernail, NJ Wharton, DC Georgiev, GY Leu, BM Scheidt, WR Zhao, JY Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Sage, JT AF Zeng, WQ Silvernail, NJ Wharton, DC Georgiev, GY Leu, BM Scheidt, WR Zhao, JY Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Sage, JT TI Direct probe of iron vibrations elucidates NO activation of heme proteins SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE ADDUCTS; RESONANCE RAMAN; GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMICS; LIGAND; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; MUTANTS; BINDING C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Northeastern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Complex Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Sage, JT (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jtsage@neu.edu RI Zeng, Weiqiao/F-7628-2013; Leu, Bogdan/J-9952-2015 OI Zeng, Weiqiao/0000-0002-0577-932X; Leu, Bogdan/0000-0003-2020-0686 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-38401, R01 GM038401, GM-52002, R01 GM052002, R29 GM052002] NR 28 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 32 BP 11200 EP 11201 DI 10.1021/ja051052x PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 955LM UT WOS:000231227400001 PM 16089422 ER PT J AU Chapman, KW Chupas, PJ Kepert, CJ AF Chapman, KW Chupas, PJ Kepert, CJ TI Selective recovery of dynamic guest structure, in a nanoporous Prussian blue through in situ X-ray diffraction: A differential pair distribution function analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAS NMR; ZEOLITE; DEHYDROXYLATION; SPECTROSCOPY; REFINEMENT; ANALOGS; FE C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Chupas, PJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chupas@anl.gov; c.kepert@chem.usyd.edu.au RI Chapman, Karena/G-5424-2012; OI Kepert, Cameron/0000-0002-6105-9706 NR 25 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 32 BP 11232 EP 11233 DI 10.1021/ja053266k PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 955LM UT WOS:000231227400017 PM 16089438 ER PT J AU Zhang, YQ Pinder, GF Herrera, GS AF Zhang, YQ Pinder, GF Herrera, GS TI Least cost design of groundwater quality monitoring networks SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITES; GENETIC ALGORITHM; ENGINEERING DESIGN; REGULATORY POLICY; CLEANUP SYSTEMS; OPTIMIZATION; UNCERTAINTY; CONTAMINATION; LOCATION; SOLVE AB [1] A genetic algorithm combined with a static Kalman filter and a stochastic groundwater flow and contaminant transport model can be used to determine when and where to take samples to reduce the uncertainty associated with the statistical distribution describing a groundwater contamination concentration field at least cost. The use of a Kalman filter requires an initial estimate of the concentration field as well as its error covariance matrix, which are generated as the output of the simulation model. The random field input to the simulator, namely, realizations of the hydraulic conductivity field, can be generated using a Latin hypercube sampling technique. Employing the proposed optimal design strategy, a cost-effective groundwater sampling network design is realized. The proposed methodology is applied to a field problem. C1 Univ Vermont, Res Ctr Groundwater Remediat Design, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Mexican Inst Water Technol, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico. RP Zhang, YQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yqzhang@lbl.gov RI Zhang, Yingqi/D-1203-2015 NR 51 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 17 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 8 AR W08412 DI 10.1029/2005WR003936 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 957YC UT WOS:000231408400004 ER PT J AU Durkee, DA Eitouni, HB Gomez, ED Ellsworth, MW Bell, AT Balsara, NR AF Durkee, DA Eitouni, HB Gomez, ED Ellsworth, MW Bell, AT Balsara, NR TI Catalysts from self-assembled organometallic block copolymers SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MICHAEL REACTION; 1,3-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; POLYMER; SCANDIUM; DENSITY; LIGANDS; WATER; ACID AB Heterogeneous catalysts have been prepared by crosslinking the polyisoprene block of a microphase-separated poly(vinylferrocenium triflate-block-isoprene) copolymer. The poly(vinylferrocenium triflate) moieties provide catalytic activity while the polyisoprene block provides the support structure. Reaction rates obtained with the self-assembled heterogeneous catalyst are within experimental error of those obtained with (monomeric) ferrocenium triflate as a homogeneous catalyst. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tyco Elect Corp, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balsara, NR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu RI Gomez, Enrique/E-5887-2013; OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 16 BP 2003 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200500352 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956WO UT WOS:000231331000018 ER PT J AU Rucker, VC Havenstrite, KL Simmons, BA Sickafoose, SM Herr, AE Shediac, R AF Rucker, VC Havenstrite, KL Simmons, BA Sickafoose, SM Herr, AE Shediac, R TI Functional antibody immobilization on 3-dimensional polymeric surfaces generated by reactive ion etching SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MICROARRAY TECHNOLOGY; THIN-FILMS; HYDROGEL; PLASMA; OPTIMIZATION; WETTABILITY; ADSORPTION; DEVICES AB Reactive ion etching (RIE) was used to pattern antibodies onto the surfaces of polymer substrates. A low pressure, inductively coupled oxygen plasma was used to anisotropically etch 25-30 mu m deep features into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), Zeonex, and polycarbonate (PC). Scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements show that the resulting surfaces exhibit significant microroughness and enhanced hydrophilicity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggests that, in addition to enhanced surface area, chemical modifications may contribute to antibody immobilization. Polyclonal antibodies preferentially bind to the etched areas in RIE-patterned PMMA, and Zeonex substrates but localize in unetched regions of RIE-patterned PC surfaces. Simple immunoassays were performed to demonstrate a potential application for RIE-modified polymer surfaces. Antibodies specific for the capture of fluorescently labeled cholera toxin, S. aureus enterotoxin B, and B. anthracis protective antigen were immobilized onto etched PMMA surfaces and shown to specifically capture their labeled antigen from solution. This work demonstrates a potentially useful fabrication methodology for constructing antibody microarrays on plastic substrates. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Nanoscale Sci & Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Analyt Mat Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shediac, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, POB 969,MS 9292, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rshedia@sandia.gov OI Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 NR 23 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 17 BP 7621 EP 7625 DI 10.1021/la050251r PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957QU UT WOS:000231389200002 PM 16089360 ER PT J AU Doshi, DA Shah, PB Singh, S Branson, ED Malanoski, AP Watkins, EB Majewski, J van Swol, F Brinker, CJ AF Doshi, DA Shah, PB Singh, S Branson, ED Malanoski, AP Watkins, EB Majewski, J van Swol, F Brinker, CJ TI Investigating the interface of superhydrophobic surfaces in contact with water SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SUPER-HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES; OIL-REPELLENT SURFACES; SILICA AEROGEL FILMS; FRACTAL STRUCTURE; AMBIENT-PRESSURE; PLANT-SURFACES; SLIP; DEPOSITION; ROUGHNESS; FLUORINATION AB Neutron reflectivity (NR) is used to probe the solid, liquid, vapor interface of a porous superhydrophobic (SH) surface submerged in water. A low-temperature, low-pressure technique was used to prepare a rough, highly porous organosilica aerogel-like film. UV/ozone treatments were used to control the surface coverage of hydrophobic organic ligands on the silica framework, allowing the contact angle with water to be continuously varied over the range of 160 degrees (superhydrophobic) to < 10 degrees (hydrophilic). NR shows that the superhydrophobic nature of the surface prevents infiltration of water into the porous film. Atomic force microscopy and density functional theory simulations are used in combination to interpret the NR results and help establish the location, width, and nature of the SH film-water interface. C1 Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Micro Engn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Doshi, DA (reprint author), Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; NR 56 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 17 BP 7805 EP 7811 DI 10.1021/la040750s PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957QU UT WOS:000231389200028 PM 16089386 ER PT J AU Cheng, XH Canavan, HE Stein, MJ Hull, JR Kweskin, SJ Wagner, MS Somorjai, GA Castner, DG Ratner, BD AF Cheng, XH Canavan, HE Stein, MJ Hull, JR Kweskin, SJ Wagner, MS Somorjai, GA Castner, DG Ratner, BD TI Surface chemical and mechanical properties of plasma-polymerized N-isopropylacrylamide SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPY; GENERATION VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; VOLUME-PHASE-TRANSITION; RESPONSIVE POLYMER; MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; THERMORESPONSIVE POLYMER; FILM CHEMISTRY; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE) GELS; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AB Surface-immobilized poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAM) is currently used for a wide variety of biosensor and biomaterial applications. A thorough characterization of the surface properties of pNIPAM thin films will benefit those applications. In this work, we present analysis of a plasma-polymerized NIPAM (ppNIPAM) coating by multiple surface analytical techniques, including time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. ToF-SIMS data show that the plasma-deposited NIPAM polymer on the substrate is cross-linked with a good retention of the monomer integrity. Contact angle results confirm the thermoresponsive nature of the film as observed by a change of surface wettability as a function of temperature. Topographic and force-distance curve measurements by AFM further demonstrate that the grafted film shrinks or swells depending on the temperature of the aqueous environment. A clear transition of the elastic modulus is observed at 31-32 degrees C. The change of the surface wettability and mechanical properties vs temperature are attributed to different conformations taken by the polymer, which is reflected on the outmost surface as distinct side chain groups orienting outward at different temperatures as measured by SFG. The results suggest that a ppNIPAM thin film on a substrate experiences similar mechanical and chemical changes to pNIPAM bulk polymers in solution. The SFG result provides evidence supporting the current theory of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior of pNIPAM. C1 Univ Washington Engn Biomat, Dept Bioengn, Natl ESCA, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Surface Anal Ctr Biomed Problems, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ratner, BD (reprint author), Univ Washington Engn Biomat, Dept Bioengn, Natl ESCA, Box 351720, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM ratner@uweb.engr.washington.edu FU NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB002027, P41 EB002027-23S1]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-065098] NR 74 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 8 U2 88 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 17 BP 7833 EP 7841 DI 10.1021/la050417o PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957QU UT WOS:000231389200031 PM 16089389 ER PT J AU Plomp, M Leighton, TJ Wheeler, KE Malkin, AJ AF Plomp, M Leighton, TJ Wheeler, KE Malkin, AJ TI Architecture and high-resolution structure of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus cereus spore coat surfaces SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BOTULINUM TYPE-A; BACTERIAL SPORE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SPOROGENIC MUTANT; EXOSPORIUM; ULTRASTRUCTURE; APPENDAGES; ANTHRACIS; PROTEIN AB We have utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize the native surface topography and ultrastructure of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus cereus spores in water and in air. AFM was able to resolve the nanostructure of the exosporium and three distinctive classes of appendages. Removal of the exosporium. exposed either a hexagonal honeycomb layer (B. thuringiensis) or a rodlet outer spore coat layer (B. cereus). Removal of the rodlet structure from B. cereus spores revealed an underlying honeycomb layer similar to that observed with B. thuringiensis spores. The periodicity of the rodlet structure on the outer spore coat of B. cereus was similar to 8 nm, and the length of the rodlets was limited to the cross-patched domain structure of this layer to similar to 200 nm. The lattice constant of the honeycomb structures was similar to 9 nm for both B. cereus and B. thuringiensis spores. Both honeycomb structures were composed of multiple, disoriented domains with distinct boundaries. Our results demonstrate that variations in storage and preparation procedures result in architectural changes in individual spore surfaces, which establish AFM as a useful tool for evaluation of preparation and processing "fingerprints" of bacterial spores. These results establish that high-resolutionAFM has the capacity to reveal species-specific assembly and nanometer scale structure of spore surfaces. These species-specific spore surface structural variations are correlated with sequence divergences in a spore core structural protein SspE. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BioSecur & NanoSci Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Malkin, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BioSecur & NanoSci Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, L-234, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM malkin1@llnl.gov NR 57 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 17 BP 7892 EP 7898 DI 10.1021/la050412r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957QU UT WOS:000231389200039 PM 16089397 ER PT J AU Heine, DR Grest, GS Webb, EB AF Heine, DR Grest, GS Webb, EB TI Diverse spreading behavior of binary polymer nanodroplets SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; MIXTURES; FILMS; SURFACES; LAWS AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the spreading of binary polymer nanodroplets in a cylindrical geometry. The polymers, described by the bead-spring model, spread on a flat surface with a surface-coupled Langevin thermostat to mimic the effects of a corrugated surface. Each droplet consists of chains of length 10 or 100 monomers with similar to 350 000 monomers total. The qualitative features of the spreading dynamics are presented for differences in chain length, surface interaction strength, and composition. When the components of the droplet differ only in the surface interaction strength, the more strongly wetting component forms a monolayer film on the surface even when both materials are above or below the wetting transition. In the case where the only difference is the polymer chain length, the monolayer film beneath the droplet is composed of an equal amount of short chain and long chain monomers even when one component (the shorter chain length) is above the wetting transition and the other is not. The fraction of short and long chains in the precursor foot depends on whether both the short and the long chains are in the wetting regime. Diluting the concentration of the strongly wetting component in a mixture with a weakly wetting component decreases the rate of diffusion of the wetting material from the bulk to the surface and limits the spreading rate of the precursor foot, but the bulk spreading rate actually increases when both components are present. This may be due to the strongly wetting material pushing out the weakly wetting material as it moves toward the precursor foot. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Heine, DR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 17 BP 7959 EP 7963 DI 10.1021/la050139t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 957QU UT WOS:000231389200047 PM 16089405 ER PT J AU Cellmer, T Bratko, D Prausnitz, JM Blanch, H AF Cellmer, T Bratko, D Prausnitz, JM Blanch, H TI Protein-folding landscapes in multichain systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE computer simulation; protein aggregation; lattice model ID FORMATION IN-VITRO; FIBRIL FORMATION; MODEL PROTEINS; AMYLOID FORMATION; LATTICE-MODEL; AGGREGATION; THERMODYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; KINETICS; STRATEGIES AB Computational studies of proteins have significantly improved our understanding of protein folding. These studies are normally carried out by using chains in isolation. However, in many systems of practical interest, proteins fold in the presence of other molecules. To obtain insight into folding in such situations, we compare the thermodynamics of folding for a Miyazawa-Jernigan model 64-mer in isolation to results obtained in the presence of additional chains. The melting temperature falls as the chain concentration increases. In multichain systems, free-energy landscapes for folding show an increased preference for misfolded states. Misfolding is accompanied by an increase in interprotein interactions; however, near the folding temperature, the transition from folded chains to misfolded and associated chains is entropically driven. A majority of the most probable interprotein contacts are also native contacts, suggesting that native topology plays a role in early stages of aggregation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 37 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 33 BP 11692 EP 11697 DI 10.1073/pnas.0505342102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 956RH UT WOS:000231317000024 PM 16081531 ER PT J AU Gillooly, JF Allen, AP Brown, JH Elser, JJ del Rio, CM Savage, VM West, GB Woodruff, WH Woods, HA AF Gillooly, JF Allen, AP Brown, JH Elser, JJ del Rio, CM Savage, VM West, GB Woodruff, WH Woods, HA TI The metabolic basis of whole-organism RNA and phosphorus content SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE growth rate hypothesis; metabolic theory of ecology; stoichiometry; allometry ID PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS RATES; GROWTH-RATE; N-P; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TEMPERATURE; STOICHIOMETRY; PHYTOPLANKTON; MAMMALS; TERRESTRIAL; NITROGEN AB Understanding the storage, flux, and turnover of nutrients in organisms is important for quantifying contributions of biota to biogeochemical cycles. Here we present a model that predicts the storage of phosphorus-rich RNA and whole-body phosphorus content in eukaryotes based on the mass- and temperature-dependence of ATP production in mitochondria. Data from a broad assortment of eukaryotes support the model's two main predictions. First, whole-body RNA concentration is proportional to mitochondrial density and consequently scales with body mass to the -1/4 power. Second, whole-body phosphorus content declines with increasing body mass in eukaryotic unicells but approaches a relatively constant value in large multicellular animals because the fraction of phosphorus in RNA decreases relative to the fraction in other pools. Extension of the model shows that differences in the flux of RNA-associated phosphorus are due to the size dependencies of metabolic rate and RNA concentration. Thus, the model explicitly links two biological currencies at the individual level: energy in the form of ATIP and materials in the form of phosphorus, both of which are critical to the functioning of ecosystems. The model provides a framework for linking attributes of individuals to the storage and flux of phosphorus in ecosystems. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Biol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Zool, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gillooly@unm.edu RI Elser, James/A-7082-2008; Allen, Andrew/B-8045-2011 OI Elser, James/0000-0002-1460-2155; Allen, Andrew/0000-0003-0304-7544 NR 46 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 6 U2 53 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 16 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 33 BP 11923 EP 11927 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504756102 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 956RH UT WOS:000231317000063 PM 16091465 ER PT J AU Novak, P Haskins, WE Ayson, MJ Jacobsen, RB Schoeniger, JS Leavell, MD Young, MM Kruppa, GH AF Novak, P Haskins, WE Ayson, MJ Jacobsen, RB Schoeniger, JS Leavell, MD Young, MM Kruppa, GH TI Unambiguous assignment of intramolecular chemical cross-links in modified mammalian membrane proteins by Fourier transform-tandem mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; TOP-DOWN APPROACH; RESOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEXES; RHODOPSIN; PEPTIDES; CATIONS AB Fourier transform tandem mass spectrometry (Fr-MS/MS) can be used to unambiguously assign intramolecular chemical cross-links to specific amino acid residues even when two or more possible cross-linking sites are adjacent in the cross-linked protein. Bovine rhodopsin (Rho) in its dark-adapted state was intramolecularly cross-linked with lysine-cysteine (K-C) or lysine-lysine (K-K) cross-linkers to obtain interatomic distance information. Large, multiply charged, cross-linked peptide ions containing adjacent lysines, corresponding to Rho(50-86) (K-66 or K-67) cross-linked to Rho(310-317) (C-316) or Rho(318-348) (K-325 or K-339), were fragmented by collision-induced dissociation (CID), infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD), and electron capture dissociation (ECD). Complementary sequence-specific information was obtained by combining cross-link assignments; however, only ECD revealed full palmitoylation of adjacent cysteines (C-322 and C-323) and cross-linking of K-67 (and not K-66) to C-316, K-325, and K-339. ECD spectra contained crucial c- and z-ions resulting from cleavage of the bond between K-66 and K-67. To our knowledge, this work also presents the first demonstration that ECD can be used to characterize S-linked fatty acid acylation on cysteines. The comprehensive fragmentation of large peptides by CID, IRMPD, and particularly ECD, in conjunction with the high resolution and mass accuracy of FT-MS/MS, is shown to be a valuable means of characterizing mammalian membrane proteins with both chemical and posttranslational modifications. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kruppa, GH (reprint author), Bruker Dalton, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM Gary.Kruppa@bdal.com RI Novak, Petr/F-9655-2014 OI Novak, Petr/0000-0001-8688-529X NR 22 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 16 BP 5101 EP 5106 DI 10.1021/ac040194r PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 955OT UT WOS:000231236300004 PM 16097745 ER PT J AU Pfeifer, KB Rumpf, AN AF Pfeifer, KB Rumpf, AN TI Measurement of ion swarm distribution functions in miniature low-temperature co-fired ceramic ion mobility spectrometer drift tubes SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLASMA CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESOLUTION AB Measurements of the performance of a miniature, portable 12-mm-diameter, 57-mm-length low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) ion mobility spectrometer drift tube were undertaken to verify models of ion transport and determine the physical shape of the ion "swarms" in the LTCC tube. Simplified two-dimensional Gaussian models of ion swarm shape were fit to measured data to extract geometrical shape parameters. Results indicate that tube-transfer function effects that produce asymmetric ion swarms are minimized in the tube reducing temporal dispersion. Data are presented that illustrate the swarm shape as a function of gate time, electric field magnitude, and total charge in the ion swarm. Characterization and understanding of the ion transport mechanisms and effects that limit the resolution and other performance parameters of miniature IMS drift tubes is essential to the development of practical, robust, portable systems for "first responder" and homeland security missions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Sci & Technol Dept 1744, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pfeifer, KB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Sci & Technol Dept 1744, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kbpfeif@sandia.gov NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 16 BP 5215 EP 5220 DI 10.1021/ac050149z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 955OT UT WOS:000231236300020 PM 16097761 ER PT J AU Evans, PG Tinberg, DS Roberts, MM Lagally, MG Xiao, Y Lai, B Cai, Z AF Evans, PG Tinberg, DS Roberts, MM Lagally, MG Xiao, Y Lai, B Cai, Z TI Germanium hut nanostressors on freestanding thin silicon membranes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ON-INSULATOR; SUBSTRATE; STRESS; STRAIN; GE; RELAXATION; GROWTH; SI AB The heteroepitaxial growth of Ge on thin Si membranes can lead to significant bending under self-assembled Ge hut nanostructures. Undercut silicon-on-insulator mesas approximate a Si freestanding membrane and serve as a crystalline substrate for the growth of Ge huts. Synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction shows a local curvature on the lateral scale of the size of the hut and an overall bending of the freestanding region. In comparison with conventional mechanically rigid substrates, the freestanding film can bend significantly. We have found a local radius of curvature of 6 mu m beneath huts on 30-nm-thick Si membranes. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Engn & Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Evans, PG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM evans@engr.wisc.edu RI Evans, Paul/A-9260-2009 OI Evans, Paul/0000-0003-0421-6792 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 7 AR 073112 DI 10.1063/1.2031941 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 955RU UT WOS:000231246000062 ER PT J AU Taylor, CR Stach, EA Salamo, G Malshe, AP AF Taylor, CR Stach, EA Salamo, G Malshe, AP TI Nanoscale dislocation patterning by ultralow load indentation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; QUANTUM DOTS; GAAS; DEFORMATION; GE; SI AB The use of nanoindentation as a dislocation patterning technique for self-assembled nanostructures is investigated. In this context we have studied the behavior of GaAs under ultralow load indentation conditions. It is shown that periodic dislocation arrays are formed and can be well controlled by nanoindentation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the crystal deforms solely by dislocation activity with no evidence of stacking faults, twinning, fracture, or phase transformation. The resulting strain field is highly localized, indicating that ultralow load nanoindentation may provide an excellent means to mechanically bias nanostructure nucleation and patterning during subsequent crystal growth. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Malshe, AP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM curtis.taylor@uark.edu; apm2@engr.uark.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Taylor, Curtis/J-6236-2013 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Taylor, Curtis/0000-0001-9184-5487 NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 7 AR 073108 DI 10.1063/1.2009825 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 955RU UT WOS:000231246000058 ER PT J AU De Franceschi, L Rivera, A Fleming, MD Honczarenko, M Peters, LL Gascard, P Mohandas, N Brugnara, C AF De Franceschi, L Rivera, A Fleming, MD Honczarenko, M Peters, LL Gascard, P Mohandas, N Brugnara, C TI Evidence for a protective role of the Gardos channel against hemolysis in murine spherocytosis SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID RED-BLOOD-CELLS; ACTIVATED K+ CHANNEL; HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; MEMBRANE-PERMEABILITY; SAD MICE; TRANSPORT; CLOTRIMAZOLE; ABNORMALITIES; DEHYDRATION AB It has been shown that mice with complete deficiency of all 4.1R protein isoforms (4.1(-/-)) exhibit moderate hemolytic anemia, with abnormal erythrocyte morphology (spherocytosis) and decreased membrane stability. Here, we characterized the Gardos channel function in vitro and in vivo in erythrocytes of 4.1(-/-) mice. Compared with wild-type, the Gardos channel of 4.1(-/-) erythrocytes showed an increase in V-max (9.75 +/- 1.06 vs 6.08 +/- 0.09 mM cell x minute; P < .04) and a decrease in K-m (1-01 +/- 0.06 vs 1.47 +/- 1.02 mu M; P < .03), indicating an increased sensitivity to activation by intracellular calcium. In vivo function of the Gardos channel was assessed by the oral administration of clotrimazole, a well-characterized Gardos channel blocker. Clotrimazole treatment resulted in worsening of anemia and hemolysis, with decreased red cell survival and increased numbers of circulating hyperchromic spherocytes and microspherocytes. Clotrimazole induced similar changes in 4.2(-/-) and band 3(+/-) mice, indicating that these effects of the Gardos channel are shared in different models of murine spherocytosis. Thus, potassium and water loss through the Gardos channel may play an important protective role in compensating for the reduced surface-membrane area of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) erythrocytes and reducing hemolysis in erythrocytes with cytoskeletal impairments. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Verona, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Sect Internal Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Brugnara, C (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Lab Med, BA 760,300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM carlo.brugnara@childrens.harvard.edu RI Brugnara, Carlo/A-8041-2010 OI Brugnara, Carlo/0000-0001-8192-8713 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL31579, HL64885, R01 HL064885]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK50422] NR 36 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1454 EP 1459 DI 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0368 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 954PT UT WOS:000231167700054 PM 15855279 ER PT J AU Carrio, M Arderiu, G Myers, C Boudreau, NJ AF Carrio, M Arderiu, G Myers, C Boudreau, NJ TI Homeobox D10 induces phenotypic reversion of breast tumor cells in a three-dimensional culture model SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HOX GENE-EXPRESSION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; CANCER-CELLS; ALPHA-3-BETA-1 INTEGRIN; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; CARCINOMA CELLS; P53 EXPRESSION; GROWTH-FACTOR; IN-VIVO AB Homeobox (Hox) genes are master regulatory genes that direct organogenesis and maintain differentiated tissue function. We previously reported that HoxD10 helps to maintain a quiescent, differentiated phenotype in endothelial cells by suppressing expression of genes involved in remodeling the extracellular matrix and cell migration. Here we investigated whether HoxD10 could also promote or maintain a differentiated phenotype in epithelial cells. We observed that HoxD10 expression is progressively reduced in epithelial cells as malignancy increases in both breast and endometrial tumors. Retroviral gene transfer to restore expression of HoxD10 in the malignant breast tumor cells MDA-MB-231 significantly impaired migration, and when these cells were cultured in a three-dimensional laminin-rich basement membrane (3DIrBM) model, they formed polarized, acinar structures. This phenotypic reversion was accompanied by decreased alpha 3 integrin expression and reduced proliferation. Importantly, expression of HoxD10 in the MDA-MB-231 cells inhibited their ability to form tumors in mouse xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that HoxD10 has tumor-suppressive functions for mammary epithelial cells. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Boudreau, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Box 1302, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM nancyjb@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 85249] NR 55 TC 74 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 65 IS 16 BP 7177 EP 7185 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-1717 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 954XK UT WOS:000231188600022 PM 16103068 ER PT J AU Kowalski, K AF Kowalski, K TI Completely renormalized EOMCCSD(T) method employing independent optimization of the cluster product terms SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXCITED ELECTRONIC STATES; FULL CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; TRIPLE EXCITATION CORRECTIONS; COUPLED-CLUSTER; BASIS-SETS; ENERGIES; SINGLES; DOUBLES; EQUATIONS; MOMENTS AB In this Letter, we introduce a new variant of the completely renormalized equation-of-motion method with singles, doubles, and non-iterative triples (CR-EOMCCSD(T)) that employs a novel strategy of handling the cluster product terms that naturally appears in the EOMCC-type expansion for the trial wavefunction. The new parametrization, as shown on several examples, including the N-2, C-2, and the ozone molecule, assures the required flexibility of the CR-EOMCCSD(T) approach especially in dealing with the challenging excited states primarily dominated by double excitations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kowalski, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,KI-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM karol.kowalski@pnl.gov NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 411 IS 4-6 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.06.024 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952IO UT WOS:000230997400006 ER PT J AU Fitts, JP Machesky, ML Wesolowski, DJ Shang, XM Kubicki, JD Flynn, GW Heinz, TF Eisenthal, KB AF Fitts, JP Machesky, ML Wesolowski, DJ Shang, XM Kubicki, JD Flynn, GW Heinz, TF Eisenthal, KB TI Second-harmonic generation and theoretical studies of protonation at the water/alpha-TiO2 (110) interface SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RUTILE-WATER INTERFACE; CHARGED INTERFACE; TIO2 SURFACES; ZERO CHARGE; IN-SITU; OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; POINT; MODEL AB The pH of zero net surface charge (pH(pzc)) of the alpha-TiO2 (110) surface was characterized using second-harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy. The SHG response was monitored during a series of pH titrations conducted at three NaNO3 concentrations. The measured pH(pze) is compared with a pH(pzc) value calculated using the revised MUltiSIte Complexation (MUSIC) model of surface oxygen protonation. MUSIC model input parameters were independently derived from ab initio calculations of relaxed surface bond lengths for a hydrated surface. Model (pH(pzc) 4.76) and experiment (pH(pzc) 4.8 +/- 0.3) agreement establishes the incorporation of independently derived structural parameters into predictive models of oxide surface reactivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Environm Mol Sci Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Eisenthal, KB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM eisenth@chem.columbia.edu RI bartelsdoe, ludwig/F-8008-2011; Fitts, Jeffrey/J-3633-2012; Heinz, Tony/K-7797-2015; Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Heinz, Tony/0000-0003-1365-9464; Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 NR 36 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 411 IS 4-6 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.152 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952IO UT WOS:000230997400023 ER PT J AU Lim, KH Zhang, W Smith, GA Smith, DH AF Lim, KH Zhang, W Smith, GA Smith, DH TI Temperature dependence of emulsion morphologies and the dispersion morphology diagram: Two-phase emulsions of the system C6H13(OC2H4)(2)OH/n-tetradecane/"water" SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE emulsion morphology; emulsion inversion; dispersion morphology diagram; phase inversion temperature ID PHASE INVERSION; WATER-SYSTEM; MICROEMULSION; 3-PHASE; CATASTROPHE; POINT AB Using several different two-phase compositions of the pseudoternary amphiphile/oil/"water" System C6H13(OC2H4)(2)OH/n-tetradecane/aqueous 10mM NaCl, we show by means of electrical conductometry that the temperature dependencies of the emulsion morphologies were consistent with predictions from the dispersion morphology diagram, thus contradicting the phase inversion temperature (PIT) concept. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Lim, KH (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul 156756, South Korea. EM khlim@cau.ac.kr NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1-3 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.05.004 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 970RK UT WOS:000232327100006 ER PT J AU Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Brodie, E Wang, ZM Zheng, ZP Herman, D Hazen, TC Firestone, MK Sutton, SR AF Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Brodie, E Wang, ZM Zheng, ZP Herman, D Hazen, TC Firestone, MK Sutton, SR TI Reoxidation of bioreduced uranium under reducing conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL REDUCTION; SYNTROPHIC COOPERATION; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; U(VI); BACTERIA; IMMOBILIZATION; BIOREMEDIATION; GROUNDWATER; COMPLEXES AB Nuclear weapons and fuel production have left many soils and sediments contaminated with toxic levels of uranium (U). Although previous short-term experiments on microbially mediated U(VI) reduction have supported the prospect of immobilizing the toxic metal through formation of insoluble U(IV) minerals, our longer-term (17 months) laboratory study showed that microbial reduction of U can be transient, even under sustained reducing conditions. Uranium was reduced during the first 80 days, but later(100-500 days) reoxidized and solubilized, even though a microbial community capable of reducing U(Vl) was sustained. Microbial respiration caused increases in (bi) carbonate concentrations and formation of very stable uranyl carbonate complexes, thereby increasing the thermodynamic favorability of U(IV) oxidation. We propose that kinetic limitations including restricted mass transfer allowed Fe(111) and possibly Mn(IV) to persist as terminal electron acceptors (TEAS) for U reoxidation. These results show that in-situ U remediation by organic carbon-based reductive precipitation can be problematic in sediments and groundwaters with neutral to alkaline pH, where uranyl carbonates are most stable. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wan, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jmwan@lbl.gov RI Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010; Tokunaga, Tetsu/H-2790-2014; Wan, Jiamin/H-6656-2014; Brodie, Eoin/A-7853-2008; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357; Tokunaga, Tetsu/0000-0003-0861-6128; Brodie, Eoin/0000-0002-8453-8435; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 35 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 9 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 16 BP 6162 EP 6169 DI 10.1021/es048236g PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 955CR UT WOS:000231203100037 PM 16173577 ER PT J AU Tomlins, SA Bolllinger, N Creim, J Rodland, KD AF Tomlins, SA Bolllinger, N Creim, J Rodland, KD TI Cross-talk between the calcium-sensing receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor in Rat-1 fibroblasts SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE calcium-sensing receptor; epidermal growth factor receptor; transmodulation; signal transduction; EPK; receptor tyrosine kinases; G-protein-coupled receptors ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; SURFACE EPITHELIAL-CELLS; EGF RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; OVARIAN-CANCER; HUMAN-BREAST; TRANSACTIVATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; KINASE AB The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by extracellular calcium (Ca-o(2+)) Rat-1 fibroblasts have been shown to proliferate and increase ERK activity in response to elevation of [Ca2+](o), and these responses are dependent on functional CaR expression. In this report, we examined the role of cross-talk between the CaR and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in mediating these responses in Rat-1 cells. This report shows that AG1478, a specific inhibitor of the EGFR kinase, significantly inhibits the increase in proliferation induced by elevated Cao. Furthermore, we show that AG 1478 acts downstream or separately from G protein subunit activation of phospholipase C. AG1478 significantly inhibits Ca-o(2+), stimulated ERK phosphorylation and in vitro kinase activity. A similar inhibition of ERK phosphorylation was observed in response to the inhibitor AG494. In addition, treatment with inhibitors of metalloproteases involved in shedding of membrane anchored EGF family ligands substantially inhibited the increase in ERK activation in response to elevated Ca-o(2+). This is consistent with the known expression of TGF alpha by Rat-1 cells. These results indicate that EGFR transactivation is an important component of the CaR-mediated response to increased Ca-o(2+) in Rat-1 fibroblasts and most likely involves CaR-mediated induction of regulated proteolysis and ligand shedding. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rodland, KD (reprint author), US DOE, Div Biol Sci, POB 999,790 6th St, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Karin.rodland@pnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA74272, CA78722] NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495, UNITED STATES SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 2 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.04.032 PG 7 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 953RV UT WOS:000231099100018 PM 15950968 ER PT J AU Manceau, A Tommaseo, C Rihs, S Geoffroy, N Chateigner, D Schlegel, M Tisserand, D Marcus, MA Tamura, N Chen, ZS AF Manceau, A Tommaseo, C Rihs, S Geoffroy, N Chateigner, D Schlegel, M Tisserand, D Marcus, MA Tamura, N Chen, ZS TI Natural speciation of Mn, Ni, and Zn at the micrometer scale in a clayey paddy soil using X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED DREDGED SEDIMENT; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; METAL SORBED BIRNESSITE; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; FERROMANGANESE NODULES; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MANGANESE NODULES; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; POLARIZED EXAFS; QUANTITATIVE SPECIATION AB The natural speciation of Mn (0.19 g/kg), Ni (46 mg/kg), and Zn (42 mg/kg) in the argillic horizon (120 cm depth, pH = 5.6) of an Ultisol from a paddy soil in northern Taiwan was investigated by advanced X-ray synchrotron techniques. Microchemical associations were imaged by synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence, host minerals were identified by standard and micrometer-resolved X-ray diffraction, and the local coordination environment of Mn, Ni, and Zn was probed using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy on a powdered sample and a soil thin section, and polarized EXAFS spectroscopy on a highly textured self-supporting clay film from the < 2 mu m fraction of the soil. Manganese was concentrated in Fe-Mn soft mottles (44.4 g/kg) as turbostratic hexagonal birnessite and lithiophorite having Mn3+/Mn4+ atomic ratios of similar to 20% and 50%, respectively. Quantitative analysis of high-order scattering paths of the EXAFS spectrum for natural and synthetic (Al0.67Li0.32)(Mn0.684+Mn0.323+)O-2(OH)(2) lithiophorite revealed that Mn3+ and Mn4+ are ordered in the [(Mn0.684+Mn0.323+)O-2](0.32-) layer. A structural model is proposed, in which Mn4+ and Mn3+ are ordered similarly to Al and Li in the [(A(0.67)(3+)Li(0.32)(+))(OH2)O-2](0.32+) layer, with Mn3+ cations being surrounded by six Mn4+, and Mn4+ cations by three Mn3+ and three Mn. Similar cation ordering in the manganese and aluminum layers likely provides a more homogeneous local balance of the excess and deficit of charges in each layer and increases the stability of lithiophorite. Ni (r = 0.70 angstrom) substitutes for Mn (r(Mn4+) = 0.54 angstrom, r(Mn3+) = 0.65 angstrom) in the manganese layer in the natural lithiophorite. In contrast, Zn (r = 0.74 angstrom) fills vacant sites in the gibbsitic layer of natural lithiophorite, in a similar manner as lithium (r = 0.74 angstrom) in synthetic lithiophorite. The partitioning of Ni and Zn between the two layers is a result of the general preference of Ni, whose size is intermediate between those of Mn3+ and Li+, for slightly smaller sites. In contrast with nickel, which is detected only where there is lithiophorite, the Zn-lithiophorite association found in Fe-Mn mottles is not representative of the bulk soil. The combined use of X-ray diffraction, and powder and polarized EXAFS spectroscopy revealed that Zn is predominantly bound to hydroxy-Al interlayers sandwiched between 2:1 vermiculite layers in the fine soil matrix. The incorporation of Zn in the gibbsitic layer of both lithiophorite and vermiculite helps increase the stability of these minerals by providing positive charge to balance the negative charge from the 2:1 phyllosilicate layer and the [(Mn0.684+Mn0.323+)O-2](0.32-) layer of lithiophorite. This binding environment for zinc is probably the main mechanism by which zinc is sequestered in acidic to near-neutral aluminum-rich clayey soils. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Grenoble 1, Environm Geochem Grp, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, Ctr Geochim Surface, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. ENSICAEN, CRISMAT, F-14050 Caen, France. Ctr Etud Nucl Saclay, DEN, DPC, SCP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Chem, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Manceau, A (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, Environm Geochem Grp, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. EM Alain.Manceau@ujf-grenoble.fr RI Chateigner, Daniel/A-7654-2008; Beamline, FAME/G-9313-2012; OI Chateigner, Daniel/0000-0001-7792-8702; CHEN, ZUENG-SANG/0000-0002-8499-4924 NR 101 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 16 BP 4007 EP 4034 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.018 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 959DJ UT WOS:000231496800006 ER PT J AU Alexeev, Y Windus, TL Zhan, CG Dixon, DA AF Alexeev, Y Windus, TL Zhan, CG Dixon, DA TI Accurate heats of formation and acidities for H3PO4, H2SO4, and H2CO3 from ab initio electronic structure calculations (vol 102, pg 775, 2005) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Correction C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Mol Sci Comp Facil, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Alexeev, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Mol Sci Comp Facil, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 1 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 104 IS 3 BP 379 EP 380 DI 10.1002/qua.20698 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 946BM UT WOS:000230547000010 ER PT J AU Kalinin, SV Shin, J Jesse, S Geohegan, D Baddorf, AP Lilach, Y Moskovits, M Kolmakov, A AF Kalinin, SV Shin, J Jesse, S Geohegan, D Baddorf, AP Lilach, Y Moskovits, M Kolmakov, A TI Electronic transport imaging in a multiwire SnO2 chemical field-effect transistor device SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PROBE FORCE MICROSCOPY; CARBON NANOTUBES; GAS SENSORS; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOSENSORS; NANOBELTS; NANOWIRE; SURFACES AB The electronic transport and the sensing performance of an individual SnO2 crossed-nanowires device in a three-terminal field-effect transistor configuration were investigated using a combination of macroscopic transport measurements and scanning surface-potential microscopy (SSPM). The structure of the device was determined using both scanning electron- and atomic force microscopy data. The SSPM images of two crossed one-dimensional nanostructures, simulating a prototypical nanowire network sensors, exhibit large dc potential drops at the crossed-wire junction and at the contacts, identifying them as the primary electroactive elements in the circuit. The gas sensitivity of this device was comparable to those of sensors formed by individual homogeneous nanostructures of similar dimensions. Under ambient conditions, the dc transport measurements were found to be strongly affected by field-induced surface charges on the nanostructure and the gate oxide. These charges result in a memory effect in transport measurements and charge dynamics which are visualized by SSPM. Finally, scanning probe microscopy is used to measure the current-voltage characteristics of individual active circuit elements, paving the way to a detailed understanding of chemical functionality at the level of an individual electroactive element in an individual nanowire. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov; akolmakov@physics.siu.edu RI Kolmakov, Andrei/A-9095-2011; Lilach, Yigal/D-4816-2009; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Kolmakov, Andrei/B-1460-2017 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Kolmakov, Andrei/0000-0001-5299-4121 NR 27 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 4 AR 044503 DI 10.1063/1.2001144 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 959XD UT WOS:000231551700100 ER PT J AU Magri, R Zunger, A Kroemer, H AF Magri, R Zunger, A Kroemer, H TI Evolution of the band-gap and band-edge energies of the lattice-matched GaInAsSb/GaSb and GaInAsSb/InAs alloys as a function of composition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; II HETEROJUNCTIONS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SYSTEM; STRAIN; LASERS; GASB; SUPERLATTICES AB Using atomistic pseudopotential calculations we predict the evolution of the valence-band maximum energy E-upsilon(x,y) and conduction-band minimum energy E-c(x,y) for a compositionally graded quaternary Ga1-yInyAsxSb1-x alloy lattice matched to GaSb or InAs as a function of (x,y) or, equivalently, as a function of distance from the substrate. We find upward-concave bowing for both E-c and E-upsilon, in contradiction with simple interpolative models. A transition from staggered (type II) to broken-gap (type III) lineup relative to GaSb is predicted to occur at x=0.81 and y=0.92 on a GaSb substrate, and at x=0.59 and y=0.62 on an InAs substrate. In the latter case, the quaternary alloy has a minimum gap at x=0.85 and y=0.87. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 INFM, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Univ Modena, Dipartimento Fis, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Magri, R (reprint author), INFM, I-41100 Modena, Italy. EM magri@unimo.it RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Magri, Rita/O-5267-2016 OI Magri, Rita/0000-0003-2945-0374 NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 4 AR 043701 DI 10.1063/1.2010621 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 959XD UT WOS:000231551700053 ER PT J AU Narvaez, GA Bester, G Zunger, A AF Narvaez, GA Bester, G Zunger, A TI Dependence of the electronic structure of self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots on height and composition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; STRAINED ZINCBLENDE CRYSTALS; ENERGY-LEVELS; PSEUDOPOTENTIAL THEORY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; INAS/GAAS; SINGLE; SHAPE; GAAS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB While electronic and spectroscopic properties of self-assembled In(1-x)GaxAs/GaAs dots depend on their shape, height, and alloy compositions, these characteristics are often not known accurately from experiment. This creates a difficulty in comparing measured electronic and spectroscopic properties with calculated ones. Since simplified theoretical models (effective mass, k (.) p, parabolic models) do not fully convey the effects of shape, size, and composition on the electronic and spectroscopic properties, we offer to bridge the gap by providing accurately calculated results as a function of the dot height and composition. Prominent features of our results are the following: (i) Regardless of height and composition, the confined electron energy levels form shells of nearly degenerate states with a predominant s, p,... orbital character. On the contrary, the confined hole energy levels form shells only in flat dots and near the highest hole level (HOMO). (ii) In alloy dots, the electrons s-p splitting depends weakly on height, while the p-p splitting depends nonmonotonically due to alloy fluctuations. In pure, nonalloyed InAs/GaAs dots, both these splittings depend weakly on height. Furthermore, the s-p splitting is larger, while the p-p has nearly the same magnitude. For hole levels in alloy dots, the s-p splitting decreases with increasing height (the splitting in tall dots being about four times smaller than in flat dots), whereas the p-p splitting remains nearly unchanged. Shallow, pure, nonalloyed dots have a s-p splitting of nearly the same magnitude, whereas the p-p splitting is about three times larger. (iii) As height increases, the s and p characters of the wave function of the HOMO becomes mixed, and so does its heavy-hole and light-hole characters. (iv) In alloy dots, regardless of height, the wave function of low-lying hole states are localized inside the dot. Remarkably, in nonalloyed InAs/GaAs dots these states become localized at the interface as height increases. The localized states are nearly degenerate and polarized along [110] and [110]. This localization is driven by the peculiarities of the biaxial strain present in the nanostructure. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Narvaez, GA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM alex_zunger@nrel.gov RI Bester, Gabriel/I-4414-2012; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Bester, Gabriel/0000-0003-2304-0817; NR 72 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 4 AR 043708 DI 10.1063/1.1980534 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 959XD UT WOS:000231551700060 ER PT J AU Smedley, J Rao, T Zhao, Q AF Smedley, J Rao, T Zhao, Q TI Photoemission studies on niobium for superconducting photoinjectors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METALS AB This work presents an investigation of the photoemission properties of niobium. The quantum efficiency (QE) of niobium cathodes was measured for a variety of surface preparations relevant to the operation of a superconducting injector. The dependence of the QE on wavelength, applied field, and laser cleaning energy was determined. The three-step model of photoemission was adapted to fit the observed emission behavior. QE values of 6.5x10(-5) for 266 nm, 1.0x10(-4) for 248 nm, and 2.8x10(-4) for 193 nm were observed with a bias field of 1 MV/m. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Smedley, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 4 AR 043111 DI 10.1063/1.2008389 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 959XD UT WOS:000231551700012 ER PT J AU Smith, BF Robison, TW Carlson, BJ Labouriau, A Khalsa, GRK Schroeder, NC Jarvinen, GD Lubeck, CR Folkert, SL Aguino, DI AF Smith, BF Robison, TW Carlson, BJ Labouriau, A Khalsa, GRK Schroeder, NC Jarvinen, GD Lubeck, CR Folkert, SL Aguino, DI TI Boric acid recovery using polymer filtration: studies with alkyl monool, diol, and triol containing polyethylenimines SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE membranes; separation techniques; water-soluble polymers ID CROSS-LINKED POLYMER; BORATE ESTERS; BORON; ULTRAFILTRATION; EXTRACTION; REMOVAL; METHACRYLATE; STABILITY; EXCHANGE; B-11 AB Three water-soluble polymers containing linear alkyl monool, 1,2-diol, and 1,2,3-triol groups, mostly on the primary amines of polyethylenimine, were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their ability to recover boric acid. The boron-binding capacities of these polymers and the backbone polyethylenimine were determined by titration, ultrafiltration, and inductively coupled plasma/ atomic emission spectroscopy analysis. At low boron concentrations, the 1,2,3-triol polymer performed better than the 1,2-diol, whereas at high boron concentrations, the 1,2-diol outperformed the 1,2,3-triol. B-11-NMR spectroscopy and retention studies with various salt concentrations indicated that boron interacted with these two polymers by means of ion pairing with the protonated amines and by borate ester formation. For the monool and the polyethylenimine backbone, the mechanism for boron binding was ion pairing only. These polymers are under consideration for the selective recovery and recycling of enriched boric acid used in the primary coolant loop of pressurized water nuclear reactors. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Appl Chem Technol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Thiel Coll, Dept Chem, Greenville, PA 16125 USA. RP Robison, TW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Appl Chem Technol Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM trobison@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 23 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 4 BP 1590 EP 1604 DI 10.1002/app.21857 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 942DD UT WOS:000230262200022 ER PT J AU Iordanova, N Dupuis, M Rosso, KM AF Iordanova, N Dupuis, M Rosso, KM TI Theoretical characterization of charge transport in chromia (alpha-Cr2O3) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE SYSTEM; IRON-OXIDES; AB-INITIO; ALPHA-FE2O3; MOLECULES; HEMATITE; MOBILITY; MODEL; CR2O3 AB Transport of conduction electrons and holes through the lattice of alpha-Cr2O3 (chromia) is modeled as a valence alternation of chromium cations using ab initio electronic structure calculations and electron-transfer theory. In the context of the small polaron model, a cluster approach was used to compute quantities controlling the mobility of localized electrons and holes, i.e., the reorganization energy and the electronic coupling matrix element that enter Marcus' theory. The calculation of the electronic coupling followed the generalized Mulliken-Hush approach using the complete active space self-consistent-field (CASSCF) method and the quasidiabatic method. Our findings indicate that hole mobility is more than three orders of magnitude larger than electron mobility in both (001) and [001] lattice directions. The difference arises mainly from the larger internal reorganization energy calculated for electron-transport relative to hole-transport processes while electronic couplings have similar magnitudes. The much larger hole mobility versus electron mobility in alpha-Cr2O3 is in contrast to similar hole and electron mobilities in hematite alpha-Fe2O3 previously calculated. Our calculations also indicate that the electronic coupling for all charge-transfer processes of interest is smaller than for the corresponding processes in hematite. This variation is attributed to the weaker interaction between the metal 3d states and the O(2p) states in chromia than in hematite, leading to a smaller overlap between the charge-transfer donor and acceptor wave functions and smaller superexchange coupling in chromia. Nevertheless, the weaker coupling in chromia is still sufficiently large to suggest that charge-transport processes in chromia are adiabatic in nature. The electronic coupling is found to depend on both the superexchange interaction through the bridging oxygen atoms and the d-shell electron-spin coupling within the Cr-Cr donor-acceptor pair, while the reorganization energy is essentially independent of the electron-spin coupling. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Iordanova, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM michel.dupuis@pnl.gov NR 51 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 7 AR 074710 DI 10.1063/1.2007607 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000231449700061 PM 16229613 ER PT J AU Kowalski, K Hirata, S Wloch, M Piecuch, P Windus, TL AF Kowalski, K Hirata, S Wloch, M Piecuch, P Windus, TL TI Active-space coupled-cluster study of electronic states of Be-3 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATION; BODY PERTURBATION THEORIES; SINGLE-REFERENCE FORMALISM; FULL CCSDT MODEL; DETERMINANTAL ANALYSIS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; BERYLLIUM CLUSTERS; RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; BINDING-ENERGIES; EXCITED CLUSTERS AB The active-space coupled-cluster (CC) and equation-of-motion (EOM) CC methods with all single and double excitations with triple excitations defined via active orbitals (CCSDt, EOMCCSDt), as implemented with TENSOR CONTRACTION ENGINE, are applied to the challenging Be-3 system, which is characterized by a large number of low-lying excited states dominated by two-electron transitions and significant high-order correlation effects in the ground electronic state. It is demonstrated that the CCSDt and EOMCCSDt methods provide an excellent description of complicated electronic quasidegeneracies present in the Be-3 cluster. Different strategies for defining triple excitations within the CCSDt/EOMCCSDt approach are discussed. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kowalski, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM karol.kowalski@pnl.gov RI Piecuch, Piotr/C-4435-2011 NR 54 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 7 AR 074319 DI 10.1063/1.2001656 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000231449700030 PM 16229582 ER PT J AU Lee, B Seifert, S Riley, SJ Tikhonov, G Tomczyk, NA Vajda, S Winans, RE AF Lee, B Seifert, S Riley, SJ Tikhonov, G Tomczyk, NA Vajda, S Winans, RE TI Anomalous grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering studies of platinum nanoparticles formed by cluster deposition SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IRON CLUSTERS; GISAXS; FILMS; CO; NANOCRYSTALS; IMPLANTATION; MORPHOLOGY; CATALYSTS; HYDROGEN; GROWTH AB The size evolution of platinum nanoparticles formed on a SiO2/Si(111) substrate as a function of the level of surface coverage with deposited clusters has been investigated. The anisotropic shapes of sub-nanometer-size nanoparticles are changed to isotropic on the amorphous substrate as their sizes increased. Using anomalous grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (AGISAXS), the scattering from nanoparticles on the surface of a substrate is well separated from that of surface roughness and fluorescence. We show that AGISAXS is a very effective method to subtract the background and can provide unbiased information about particle sizes of less than 1 nm. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM blee@aps.anl.gov NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 7 AR 074701 DI 10.1063/1.1999627 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000231449700052 PM 16229604 ER PT J AU Tabacchi, G Hutter, J Mundy, CJ AF Tabacchi, G Hutter, J Mundy, CJ TI A density-functional approach to polarizable models: A Kim-Gordon response density interaction potential for molecular simulations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KOHN-SHAM EQUATIONS; CONSTRAINED ELECTRON-DENSITY; SPACE GAUSSIAN PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; KINETIC-ENERGY FUNCTIONALS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; SOLID CESIUM-CHLORIDE; ALKALI-HALIDES; FORCE-FIELDS; LIQUID WATER; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS AB A combined linear-response-frozen electron-density model has been implemented in a molecular-dynamics scheme derived from an extended Lagrangian formalism. This approach is based on a partition of the electronic charge distribution into a frozen region described by Kim-Gordon theory [J. Chem. Phys. 56, 3122 (1972); J. Chem. Phys. 60, 1842 (1974)] and a response contribution determined by the instantaneous ionic configuration of the system. The method is free from empirical pair potentials and the parametrization protocol involves only calculations on properly chosen subsystems. We apply this method to a series of alkali halides in different physical phases and are able to reproduce experimental structural and thermodynamic properties with an accuracy comparable to Kohn-Sham density-functional calculations. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Sci Chim Ambientali, I-22100 Como, Italy. Univ Zurich, Inst Chem Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tabacchi, G (reprint author), Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Sci Chim Ambientali, Via Lucini 3, I-22100 Como, Italy. EM gloria@fis.unico.it; hutter@pci.unizh.ch; mundy2@llnl.gov RI Hutter, Juerg/E-9244-2011; tabacchi, gloria/E-1781-2016 OI tabacchi, gloria/0000-0002-1988-6775 NR 80 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 7 AR 074108 DI 10.1063/1.2001637 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000231449700008 PM 16229560 ER PT J AU Tang, XN Hou, Y Ng, CY Ruscic, B AF Tang, XN Hou, Y Ng, CY Ruscic, B TI Pulsed field-ionization photoelectron-photoion coincidence study of the process N-2+h nu -> N++N+e(-): Bond dissociation energies of N-2 and N-2(+) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; ACCURATE THERMOCHEMISTRY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD; ION; ENTHALPIES; SPECTRUM; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS AB We have examined the dissociative photoionization reaction N-2+h nu -> N++N+e(-) near its threshold using the pulsed field-ionization photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PFI-PEPICO) time-of-flight (TOF) method. By examining the kinetic-energy release based on the simulation of the N+ PFI-PEPICO TOF peak profile as a function of vacuum ultraviolet photon energy and by analyzing the breakdown curves of N+ and N-2(+), we have determined the 0-K threshold or appearance energy (AE) of this reaction to be 24.2884 +/- 0.0010 eV. Using this 0-K AE, together with known ionization energies of N and N-2, results in more precise values for the 0-K bond dissociation energies of N-N (9.7543 +/- 0.0010 eV) and N-N+ (8.7076 +/- 0.0010 eV) and the 0-K heats of formation for N (112.469 +/- 0.012 kcal/mol) and N+ (447.634 +/- 0.012 kcal/mol). C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60639 USA. RP Tang, XN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cyng@chem.ucdavis.edu; ruscic@anl.gov RI Hou, Yu/F-1563-2011; Ruscic, Branko/A-8716-2008 OI Ruscic, Branko/0000-0002-4372-6990 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 7 AR 074330 DI 10.1063/1.1995699 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000231449700041 PM 16229593 ER PT J AU Kramer, MJ Sordelet, DJ Bastarows, AF Tan, X Biner, SB AF Kramer, MJ Sordelet, DJ Bastarows, AF Tan, X Biner, SB TI Absence of crystallization during cylindrical indentation of a Zr-based metallic glass SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; PLASTIC-FLOW; SHEAR BANDS; FREE-VOLUME; DEFORMATION; NANOCRYSTALLIZATION; NANOINDENTATION; PRESSURE AB The deformation zone formed by a cylindrical indenter on a Zr-based metallic glass was examined by using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction in transmission to obtain a bulk analysis of a relatively large sample volume (0.08 mm(3)). In addition, individual shear bands were examined by extracting specific sections using a focused ion beam technique followed by transmission electron microscopy. No evidence of crystallization was observed. The lack of formation of any crystalline phase during the course of the cylindrical indentation, in contrast to reports of crystallization in the same Zr-based metallic glass composition under a nano-indenter, is attributed to the evolution of the large differences in the pressure levels between these two deformation modes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biner, SB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sbbiner@iastate.edu RI Tan, Xiaoli/C-3376-2013; Bastawros, Ashraf/L-8057-2013 OI Tan, Xiaoli/0000-0002-4182-663X; Bastawros, Ashraf/0000-0003-4547-8588 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 27-29 BP 2159 EP 2165 DI 10.1016/j.jnonercrysol.2005.06.014 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 957DA UT WOS:000231348400002 ER PT J AU Hindle, F Fertein, E Seifert, S Przygodski, C Bocquet, R Douay, M Bychkov, E AF Hindle, F Fertein, E Seifert, S Przygodski, C Bocquet, R Douay, M Bychkov, E TI Anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering of a femtosecond irradiated germano silicate fibre preform SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; TRANSPARENT MATERIALS; LASER IRRADIATION; PURE SILICA; PULSES; GRATINGS AB The photoinscription of standard telecommunications glass materials by femtosecond radiation is shown to induce significant mesoscopic structure. The scattering intensity for irradiated glasses is close to two orders of magnitude greater than that of unexposed material. Anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering (ASAXS) around the germanium K-edge for the silica and germanium doped silica regions of a fibre preform is used to demonstrate that identical structures are induced in both glass materials, with germanium displaying a capacity to isomorphically replace silicon in the case of the germanium doped silica. Analysis of measured scattering indicates that photo-inscribed features are produced at two. distinct scales with typical radii of R approximate to 20 angstrom and R-min approximate to 200 angstrom. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Littoral Cote Opale, CNRS, UMR 8101, LPCA, F-59140 Dunkerque, France. Univ Sci & Technol Lille, Unite Format & Rech Phys, Lab Phys Lasers Atomes & Mol, Ctr Etudes & Rech Lasers Applicat, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hindle, F (reprint author), Univ Littoral Cote Opale, CNRS, UMR 8101, LPCA, 189A Ave M Schumann, F-59140 Dunkerque, France. EM francis.hindle@univ-littoral.fr RI Hindle, Francis/B-3261-2009 OI Hindle, Francis/0000-0001-9925-4497 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 27-29 BP 2200 EP 2204 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.06.002 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 957DA UT WOS:000231348400006 ER PT J AU Williford, RE Addleman, RS Li, XS Zemanian, TS Birnbaum, JC Fryxell, GE AF Williford, RE Addleman, RS Li, XS Zemanian, TS Birnbaum, JC Fryxell, GE TI Pore shape evolution in mesoporous silica thin films: From circular to elliptical to rectangular SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP; ELLIPSOIDAL INCLUSION; ESHELBYS PROBLEM; ARBITRARY SHAPE; WATER SYSTEMS; ELASTIC FIELD; DRYING GELS; COPOLYMER; TRIBLOCK; SHRINKAGE AB The synthetically tailored morphologies of mesoporous silica thin films are important for applications to sensing, separations, and catalysis. Control of mesopore shapes may be useful for controlling the sizes or orientations of analyte or reactant molecules entering the mesopores. Sol-gel methods using surfactant templates can produce a variety of mesoporous phases, including one composed of long cylindrical micelles in a hexagonal stacking arrangement, aligned parallel to the substrate. This hexagonal phase is particularly useful for analysis of the thin film stresses that produce the circular-elliptical-rectangular shape changes in the micelle cross-sections as the film dries. A simple model is proposed to describe this shape evolution using a minimal set of parameters: mesopore aspect ratios are predicted from the known Poisson ratio of the silica and the measured thickness strain of the film. The model may be of general utility for guiding the structural design of thin film mesoporous materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Williford, RE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mail Stop K2-44,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rick.williford@pnl.gov NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 27-29 BP 2217 EP 2223 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.06.001 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 957DA UT WOS:000231348400009 ER PT J AU Singh, KS Mozharivskyj, YA Thone, C Kollipara, MR AF Singh, KS Mozharivskyj, YA Thone, C Kollipara, MR TI New mononuclear ruthenium complexes of eta(5)-cyclichydrocarbon containing azine ligands: Syntheses, spectral and structural studies SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE indenyl; pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde; 2-acetylpyridine; azine; ruthenium ID CYCLOPENTADIENYL-OSMIUM CHEMISTRY; SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COORDINATED LIGANDS; INDENYL COMPLEXES; NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITIONS; DISPLACEMENT-REACTIONS; SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; SIGMA-ALKYNYL; METAL AB A series of mononuclear indenyl and pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ruthenium(II) complexes of formulation [(eta(5)-L-3)Ru(PPh3)(L-2)]X, (where L-3 = indenyl, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; X = PF6 or BF4 and L-2 = azine ligands) have been prepared by the reaction of [(eta(5)-L-3)Ru(PPh3)(2)(CH3CN)]X with the appropriate azine ligands in methanol or dichloromethane/benzenc mixture. The reaction of nitro substituted azine ligands with the complexes [(eta(5)-L-3)Ru(PPh3)(2)(CH3CN)]X are solvent dependent. All these complexes were isolated as their PF6 or BF4 salts. The complexes were fully characterized with the help of microanalyses, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of representative complexes 5c and 6a were established by single X-ray crystallography. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Tech Univ Braunschweig, Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. RP NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. EM kmrao@nehu.ac.in NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X EI 1872-8561 J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 690 IS 16 BP 3720 EP 3729 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.05.001 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 965JE UT WOS:000231945800013 ER PT J AU Pyda, M Van Durme, K Wunderlich, B Van Mele, B AF Pyda, M Van Durme, K Wunderlich, B Van Mele, B TI Heat capacity of poly(vinyl methyl ether) SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE low-temperature heat capacity; poly(vinyl methyl ether); molecular vibration; glass; liquid heat capacity; enthalpy; entropy; free enthalpy ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; PHENYLENE GROUPS; POLYMERS; WATER; SYSTEM; SEMICRYSTALLINE; BLENDS; LIQUID; PHASE AB The heat capacity of poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) has been measured using adiabatic calorimetry and temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC). The heat capacity of the solid and liquid states of amorphous PVME is reported from 5 to 360 K. The amorphous PVME has a glass transition at 248 K (-25 degrees C). Below the glass transition, the low-temperature, experimental heat capacity of solid PVME is linked to the vibrational molecular motion. It can be approximated by a group vibration spectrum and a skeletal vibration spectrum. The skeletal vibrations were described by a general Tarasov equation with three Debye temperatures Theta(1) = 647 K, Theta(2) = Theta(3) = 70 K, and nine skeletal modes. The calculated and experimental heat capacities agree to better than +/- 1.8% in the temperature range from 5 to 200 K. The experimental heat capacity of the liquid rubbery state of PVME is represented by C-p(liquid) = 72.36 + 0.136 T in J K-1 mol(-1) and compared to estimated results from contributions of the same constituent groups of other polymers using the Advanced Thermal AnalysiS (ATHAS) Data Bank. The calculated solid and liquid heat capacities serve as baselines for the quantitative thermal analysis of amorphous PVME with different thermal histories. Also, knowing C-p of the solid and liquid, the integral thermodynamic functions of enthalpy, entropy, and free enthalpy of glassy and amorphous PVME are calculated with help of estimated parameters for the crystal. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Technol, Dept Chem, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland. Vrije Univ Brussels, Dept Phys Chem & Polymer Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Pyda, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mpyda@utk.edu NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 43 IS 16 BP 2141 EP 2153 DI 10.1002/polb.20504 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 950RV UT WOS:000230876000002 ER PT J AU Martins, RV Lienert, U Margulies, L Pyzalla, A AF Martins, RV Lienert, U Margulies, L Pyzalla, A TI Determination of the radial crystallite microstrain distribution within an AlMg3 torsion sample using monochromatic synchrotron radiation SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE crystallite microstrain; torsion texture; complete strain tensor; aluminum; synchrotron radiation; multi-axial deformation ID TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; STRAIN-MEASUREMENTS; AXIAL STRESSES; LENGTH CHANGES; BULK MATERIALS; ALLOYS; SLIT AB A solid torsion sample made from AlMg3 (single phase Al alloy with 3 wt.% Mg) is strongly plastically deformed in three steps, of Delta gamma(1) = 1.5, Delta gamma(2)= 1, and Delta gamma(3) = 1 to a total deformation of gamma=3.5. The low speed deformation is carried out at room temperature with free ends. After each deformation step, the residual strain and texture within the sample are characterized non-destructively by a three-dimensional diffraction technique using monochromatic high energy synchrotron radiation. The macrostrain tensor is determined as a function of the radial position and the deformation by fitting the distortion of complete diffraction rings. Systematic deviations of the {h k l} specific diffraction ring distortions from the fit are interpreted as crystallite microstrains. These strains are in the order of (480-1550) x 10(-6). A comparison to results from crystallite microstrain measurements on uni- and bi-axially deformed samples shows that particularly the Al {220} reflection exhibits dramatically higher crystallite microstrains for tri-axial deformation obtained by solid torsion. This proves that crystallite microstrains cannot be neglected when deformations are bi- or tri-axial. In the deformation-dependent texture development, an increasing dominance of ideal torsion texture orientation A(1)* over A(2)* is observed. No evidence is found for ideal orientation B. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. DESY, GKSS Res Ctr Geesthacht GmbH, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. TU Wien, Inst Mat Sci & Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Martins, RV (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. EM rene.martins@gkss.de NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 402 IS 1-2 BP 278 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2005.04.005 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 959XM UT WOS:000231552800036 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D Caparelli, EC Chang, L Ernst, T AF Tomasi, D Caparelli, EC Chang, L Ernst, T TI fMRI-acoustic noise alters brain activation during working memory tasks SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE fMRI; working memory; acoustic noise ID FUNCTIONAL MRI; AUDITORY-CORTEX; SCANNER NOISE; 4 TESLA; ATTENTION; INTERFERENCE; REDUCTION; FIELDS; SOUND; MOTOR AB Scanner noise during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may interfere with brain function and change blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals, a problem that generally worsens at the higher field strengths. Therefore, we studied the effect of increased acoustic noise on fMRI during verbal working memory (WM) processing. The sound pressure level of scanner noise was increased by 12 dBA from "Quiet" to "Loud" echo planar imaging (EPI) scans by utilizing resonant vibration modes of the gradient coil. A WM paradigm with graded levels of task difficulty was used to further access WM load. Increased scanner noise produced increased BOLD responses (percent signal change) bilaterally in the cerebellum, inferior (IFG), medial (medFG), and superior (SFG) frontal, fusiform (FusG), and the lingual (LG) gyri, and decreased BOLD responses bilaterally in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) and the putamen. This finding suggests greater recruitment of attention resources in these brain regions, probably to compensate for interference due to louder scanner noise. Increased working memory load increased the BOLD signals in IFG and the cerebellum, but decreased the BOLD signals in the putamen and the LG. These findings also support the idea that brain function requires additional attention resources under noisier conditions. Load- and acoustic-noise-related changes in BOLD responses correlated negatively in the WM network. This study demonstrates that MR noise affects brain activation pattern. Future comparisons between studies performed under different acoustic conditions (due to differing magnetic field strengths, pulse sequences, or scanner manufacturers) might require knowledge of the sound pressure level of acoustic noise during fMRI. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomasi@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 FU CCR NIH HHS [GCRC 5-MO1-RR-10710]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR010710, M01 RR010710-06S1]; NIDA NIH HHS [K02 DA016991, K02 DA16991, K24 DA016170, K24 DA16170, R03 DA017070, R03 DA017070-01] NR 35 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 27 IS 2 BP 377 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.010 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 954KV UT WOS:000231154900011 PM 15893942 ER PT J AU Vaschenko, G Brizuela, F Brewer, C Grisham, M Mancini, H Menoni, CS Marconi, MC Rocca, JJ Chao, W Liddle, JA Anderson, EH Attwood, DT Vinogradov, AV Artioukov, IA Pershyn, YP Kondratenko, VV AF Vaschenko, G Brizuela, F Brewer, C Grisham, M Mancini, H Menoni, CS Marconi, MC Rocca, JJ Chao, W Liddle, JA Anderson, EH Attwood, DT Vinogradov, AV Artioukov, IA Pershyn, YP Kondratenko, VV TI Nanoimaging with a compact extreme-ultraviolet laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY LASER; MULTILAYER MIRRORS; MICROSCOPE; NM AB I mages with a spatial resolution of 120-150 nm were obtained with 46.9 nm light from a compact capillary-discharge laser by use of the combination of a Sc-Si multilayer-coated Schwarzschild condenser and a freestanding imaging zone plate. The results are relevant to the development of compact extreme-ultraviolet laser-based imaging tools for nanoscience and nanotechnology. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Navarra, Dept Phys & Appl Math, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Sci Fdn Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. Natl Tech Univ KhPI, Dept Met & Semicond Phys, Kharkov, Ukraine. RP Colorado State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM vaschen@engr.colostate.edu RI Menoni, Carmen/A-3775-2008; Menoni, Carmen/B-4989-2011; Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Vinogradov, Alexander/M-5331-2015; Artyukov, Igor/B-3105-2009 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Artyukov, Igor/0000-0001-7915-697X NR 16 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 16 BP 2095 EP 2097 DI 10.1364/OL.30.002095 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 953JO UT WOS:000231072700015 PM 16127921 ER PT J AU Kalmani, G Arie, A Blau, P Pearl, S Smith, AV AF Kalmani, G Arie, A Blau, P Pearl, S Smith, AV TI Polarization-mixing optical parametric oscillator SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the experimental realization of a new type of optical parametric oscillator in which oscillation is achieved by polarization rotation in a linear retarder, followed by nonlinear polarization mixing. The mixing is performed by a type 11 degenerate parametric downconversion in a periodically poled KTP crystal pumped by a 1064 nm pulsed Nd:YAG pump. A single, linearly polarized beam, precisely at the degenerate wavelength is generated. The output spectrum has a narrow linewidth (below the instrumentation bandwidth of 1 nm) and is highly stable with respect to variations in the crystal temperature. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Phys Elect, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Soreq NRC, Electro Opt Div, IL-81800 Yavne, Israel. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kalmani, G (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Phys Elect, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM ady@eng.tau.ac.il NR 8 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 16 BP 2146 EP 2148 DI 10.1364/OL.30.002146 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 953JO UT WOS:000231072700032 PM 16127938 ER PT J AU Zi, GF Jia, L Werkema, EL Walter, MD Gottfriedsen, JP Andersen, RA AF Zi, GF Jia, L Werkema, EL Walter, MD Gottfriedsen, JP Andersen, RA TI Preparation and reactions of base-free bis(1,2,4-tri-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl)uranium oxide, Cp'2UO SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE; COMPLEXES; LANTHANIDE; REACTIVITY; CHEMISTRY; EXCHANGE; LIGAND; ION; CYCLOADDITION; COORDINATION AB Reduction of the uranium metallocene [eta(5)-1,2,4-(Me3C)(3)C5H2](2)UCl2 (1), CP'2UCl2, in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridyl and sodium naphthalene gives the dark green metallocene complex CP'U-2(bipy) (6), which reacts with p-tolyl azide or pyridine-N-oxide to give CP'U-2=N(p-tolyl) (7) or CP'U-2(O)(py) (8), respectively. The Lewis acid BPh3 precipitates Ph3B(py) and gives the base-free oxo Cp'2UO (10), which crystallizes from pentane. The oxometallocene 10 behaves as a nucleophile with Me3SiX reagents, but it does not exhibit cycloaddition behavior with acetylenes, suggesting that the polar resonance structure Cp'U-2(+)-O- dominates the double-bond resonance structure Cp'U-2=O. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Andersen, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM raandersen@lbl.gov RI Walter, Marc/E-4479-2012 NR 52 TC 146 Z9 146 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 17 BP 4251 EP 4264 DI 10.1021/om050406q PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 953ZR UT WOS:000231124400025 ER PT J AU Beckman, PH AF Beckman, PH TI Building the TeraGrid SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Grid computing; distributed computing; supercomputing; high-speed networks; security AB On 1 October 2004, the most ambitious high-performance Grid project in the United States-the TeraGrid-became fully operational. Resources at nine sites-the San Diego Supercomputer Center, the California Institute of Technology, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, the University of Chicago/Argonne National Laboratory, Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, Texas Advanced Computing Center, Purdue University, Indiana University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory-were joined via an ultra-fast optical network, unified policies and security procedures and a sophisticated distributed computing software environment. Funded by the National Science Foundation, the TeraGrid enables scientists and engineers to combine distributed, multiple data sources with computation at any of the sites or link massively parallel computer simulations to extreme-resolution visualizations at remote sites. A single shared utility lets multiple resources be easily leveraged and provides improved access to advanced computational capabilities. One of the demonstrations of this new model for using distributed resources, Teragyroid, linked the infrastructure of the TeraGrid with computing resources in the United Kingdom via a transatlantic data fibre link. Once connected, the software framework of the RealityGrid project was used to successfully explore lattice-Boltzmann simulations involving lattices of over one billion sites. C1 Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Beckman, PH (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM beckman@mcs.anl.gov NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 363 IS 1833 BP 1715 EP 1728 DI 10.1098/rsta.2005.1602 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 962BR UT WOS:000231706500003 PM 16099743 ER PT J AU Abrikosov, AA AF Abrikosov, AA TI Bad screening and applicability of Migdal's theorem to layered cuprates SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SINGULARITY; YBA2CU4O8 AB A proof is presented, that in the model of high-T-c layered cuprates with long-range phonon-mediated attraction, due to bad screening of Coulomb forces, the "Migdal's theorem", permitting to neglect vertex corrections, still holds, despite the absence of the small "adiabatic parameter". The calculation of the superconducting critical temperature for this model permits to explain the high values of T-c observed in experiment. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Abrikosov, AA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abrikosov@anl.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 424 IS 3-4 BP 149 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2005.05.006 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 953TD UT WOS:000231102500009 ER PT J AU Bordner, AJ Abagyan, R AF Bordner, AJ Abagyan, R TI Statistical analysis and prediction of protein-protein interfaces SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE protein interactions; dimerization; binding sites; protein surface annotation; statistical tests; evolutionary conservation; Support Vector Machines ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INTERACTION SITES; SEQUENCES; SURFACE; COMPLEMENTARITY; ANGSTROM; TREES; METHYLTRANSFERASE; RECOGNITION; REDUCTASE AB Predicting protein-protein interfaces from a three-dimensional structure is a key task of computational structural proteomics. In contrast to geometrically distinct small molecule binding sites, protein-protein interface are notoriously difficult to predict. We generated a large nonredundant data set of 1494 true protein-protein interfaces using biological symmetry annotation where necessary. The data set was carefully analyzed and a Support Vector Machine was trained on a combination of a new robust evolutionary conservation signal with the local surface properties to predict protein-protein interfaces. Fivefold cross validation verifies the high sensitivity and selectivity of the model. As much as 97% of the predicted patches had an overlap with the true interface patch while only 22% of the surface residues were included in an average predicted patch. The model allowed the identification of potential new interfaces and the correction of mislabeled oligomeric states. C1 Molsoft LLC, San Diego, CA USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008,MS 6173, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bordner@ornl.gov NR 65 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 3 BP 353 EP 366 DI 10.1002/prot.20433 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 949II UT WOS:000230778100004 PM 15906321 ER PT J AU Damjanovic, A Garcia-Moreno, B Lattman, EE Garcia, AE AF Damjanovic, A Garcia-Moreno, B Lattman, EE Garcia, AE TI Molecular dynamics study of water penetration in staphylococcal nuclease SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE internal ionizable residues; hydration; protein interior ID PANCREATIC TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; ACID-BINDING PROTEIN; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; INTERNAL WATER; BURIED WATER; FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS; RELAXATION DISPERSION; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; HYDROPHOBIC CORE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION AB The ionization properties of Lys and Glu residues buried in the hydrophobic core of staphylococcal nuclease (SN) suggest that the interior of this protein behaves as a highly polarizable medium with an apparent dielectric constant near 10. This has been rationalized previously in terms of localized conformational relaxation concomitant with the ionization of the internal residue, and with contributions by internal water molecules. Paradoxically, the crystal structure of the SN V66E variant shows internal water molecules and the structure of the V66K variant does not. To assess the structural and dynamical character of interior water molecules in SN, a series of 10-ns-long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was performed with wild-type SN, and with the V66E and V66K variants with Glu66 and Lys66 in the neutral form. Internal water molecules were identified based on their coordination state and characterized in terms of their residence times, average location, dipole moment fluctuations, hydrogen bonding interactions, and interaction energies. The locations of the water molecules that have residence times of several nanoseconds and display small mean-square displacements agree well with the locations of crystallographically observed water molecules. Additional, relatively disordered water molecules that are not observed crystallographically were found in internal hydrophobic locations. All of the interior water molecules that were analyzed in detail displayed a distribution of interaction energies with higher mean value and narrower width than a bulk water molecule. This underscores the importance of protein dynamics for hydration of the protein interior. Further analysis of the MD trajectories revealed that the fluctuations in the protein structure (especially the loop elements) can strongly influence protein hydration by changing the patterns or strengths of hydrogen bonding interactions between water molecules and the protein. To investigate the dynamical response of the protein to burial of charged groups in the protein interior, MD simulations were performed with Glu66 and Lys66 in the charged state. Overall, the AID simulations suggest that a conformational change rather than internal water molecules is the dominant determinant of the high apparent polarizability of the protein interior. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Damjanovic, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ad@jhu.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM061597] NR 62 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 3 BP 433 EP 449 DI 10.1002/prot.20486 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 949II UT WOS:000230778100011 PM 15971206 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Minh, T Lezondra, L Korolev, S Moy, SF Collart, F Joachimiak, A AF Zhang, R Minh, T Lezondra, L Korolev, S Moy, SF Collart, F Joachimiak, A TI 1.6 angstrom crystal structure of YteR protein from Bacillus subtilis, a predicted lyase SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID DATABASE; ENZYMES; SEQUENCES; ALIGNMENT; PROGRAMS C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM andrzejj@anl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062414-02, GM62414, P50 GM062414] NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 3 BP 561 EP 565 DI 10.1002/prot.20410 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 949II UT WOS:000230778100022 PM 15906318 ER PT J AU Hinojosa, G Sant'Anna, MM Covington, AM Phaneuf, RA Covington, IR Dominguez, I Schlachter, AS Alvarez, I Cisneros, C AF Hinojosa, G Sant'Anna, MM Covington, AM Phaneuf, RA Covington, IR Dominguez, I Schlachter, AS Alvarez, I Cisneros, C TI Photofragmentation of ionic carbon monoxide SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; CO; PHOTOIONIZATION; FRAGMENTATION; SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION; REGIONS; STATES AB Using the merged-beams technique, O(+) photofragment yield spectra from photofragmentation of CO(+) were measured at photon energies ranging from 20.5 to 34.5 eV. Resonant structures are identified as members of Rydberg series belonging to electronic core excited states of the C(+) + 0(+) fragmentation channel. Additional structures originating from initial vibrational excitations of the CO(+) beam have also been identified. Lower-bound values for the CO(+) photofragmentation cross sections are estimated based on trajectory simulations for the apparatus and on known photofragment angular distributions. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 61213, Morelos, Mexico. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21945970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Ctr Invest Ciencia Aplicada & Tecnol Avanzada, Col Alameda, Queretaro 76040, Mexico. LBNL, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hinojosa, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Apartado Postal 6-96, Cuernavaca 61213, Morelos, Mexico. EM hinojosa@fis.unam.mx RI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/B-9355-2013; OI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/0000-0001-5342-5799; Dominguez-Lopez, Ivan/0000-0001-8084-8711 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD AUG 14 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 15 BP 2701 EP 2709 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/15/010 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 960FU UT WOS:000231576400011 ER PT J AU Jung, G Ma, YZ Prall, BS Fleming, GR AF Jung, G Ma, YZ Prall, BS Fleming, GR TI Ultrafast fluorescence depolarisation in the yellow fluorescent protein due to its dimerisation SO CHEMPHYSCHEM LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer); proteins; single-molecule studies; time-resolved spectroscopy ID TRANSITION DIPOLE; LIVING CELLS; DYNAMICS; ABSORPTION; MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; ANISOTROPY; VARIANTS; LIFETIME; CORAL AB Transient absorption spectroscopy with sub-100 fs time resolution was performed to investigate the oligomerisation behaviour of eYFP in solution. A single time constant tau(AD)=2.2 +/- 0.15ps is sufficient to describe the time-resolved anisotropy decay up to at least 200 ps. The close contact of two protein barrels is deduced as the exclusive aggregation state in solution. From the final anisotropy r(infinity) =0.28 +/- 0.02, the underlying quaternary structure can be traced back to the somewhat distorted structure of the dimers of wt-GFP. The use of autofluorescent proteins as rulers in Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements may demand polarisation-sensitive detection of the fluorescence with high time resolution. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jung, G (reprint author), Univ Saarland, Bldg 9-2, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany. EM g.jung@mx.uni-saarland.de RI Ma, Yingzhong/L-6261-2016 OI Ma, Yingzhong/0000-0002-8154-1006 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1439-4235 J9 CHEMPHYSCHEM JI ChemPhysChem PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 6 IS 8 BP 1628 EP 1632 DI 10.1002/cphc.200400653 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 957OI UT WOS:000231378900028 PM 16025560 ER PT J AU Feng, F Drumm, EC Guiochon, G AF Feng, F Drumm, EC Guiochon, G TI Stress distribution and dimensional changes in chromatographic columns SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE chromatography tube; high pressure; dimensional change; factor of safety ID PRESSURE AB High pressures, in the kilobar range, are now used in liquid chromatography. Basic equations from mechanics are applied to investigate the stress state in several idealized chromatography tubes, and these stresses are evaluated with respect to the maximum allowable stresses predicted by several methods used in pressure vessel design. An analytical solution is developed for the dimensional changes of idealized tubes subjected to internal pressure, and the analytical solutions used to verify the results from a numerical approximation. Numerical approximations are then used to explore the effects of the end restraint provided by the end frits. Conclusions are derived regarding the requirements for a safe operation of these high pressure chromatography tubes. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu OI Drumm, Eric/0000-0001-9491-0934 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 1083 IS 1-2 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.06.004 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 945YH UT WOS:000230538400010 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chuang, S Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Cijliak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Cruz, A Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, RD Flanagan, G Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Klute, M Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miles, J Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Muelmenstaedt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Nielsen, J Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stanitzki, M Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Tuttle, J Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chuang, S Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Cijliak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Cruz, A Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, RD Flanagan, G Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Klute, M Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miles, J Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Muelmenstaedt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Nielsen, J Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stanitzki, M Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Tuttle, J Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for long-lived doubly charged Higgs bosons in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRY; NEUTRINO MASSES; VIOLATION; DETECTOR; PARITY; MODELS; MIXINGS AB We present a search for long-lived doubly charged Higgs bosons (H-+/-+/-), with signatures of high ionization energy loss and muonlike penetration. We use 292 pb(-1) of data collected in p (p) over bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. Observing no evidence of long-lived doubly charged particle production, we exclude H-L(+/-+/-) and H-R(+/-+/-) bosons with masses below 133 GeV/c(2) and 109 GeV/c(2), respectively. In the degenerate case we exclude H-+/-+/- mass below 146 GeV/c(2). All limits are quoted at the 95% confidence level. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016 OI Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117 NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 071801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.071801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300009 PM 16197130 ER PT J AU Caro, A Crowson, DA Caro, M AF Caro, A Crowson, DA Caro, M TI Classical many-body potential for concentrated alloys and the inversion of order in iron-chromium alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FE-CR ALLOYS AB Atomistic simulations of alloys at the empirical level face the challenge of correctly modeling basic thermodynamic properties. In this Letter we propose a methodology to generalize many-body classic potentials to incorporate complex formation energy curves. Application to Fe-Cr allows us to correctly predict the order vs segregation tendency in this alloy, as observed experimentally and calculated with ab initio techniques, providing in this way a potential suitable for radiation damage studies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Caro, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM caro2@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 075702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.075702 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300033 PM 16196797 ER PT J AU Choi, B Zocchi, G Wu, Y Chan, S Perry, LJ AF Choi, B Zocchi, G Wu, Y Chan, S Perry, LJ TI Allosteric control through mechanical tension SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTEINS; COOPERATIVITY; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB Conformational changes of proteins modulate their function. In allosteric control, the conformational change is induced by the binding of a signaling molecule. Here we insert a "molecular spring" on the enzyme guanylate kinase, to control the conformation of this protein. The stiffness of the spring can be varied externally, which allows one to exert a controlled mechanical tension between the two points on the protein's surface where the spring is attached. We show that by applying and releasing the tension we can reversibly turn the enzyme off and on. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Proteom & Genom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Choi, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 19 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 078102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.078102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300062 PM 16196826 ER PT J AU Granwehr, J Harel, E Han, S Garcia, S Pines, A Sen, PN Song, YQ AF Granwehr, J Harel, E Han, S Garcia, S Pines, A Sen, PN Song, YQ TI Time-of-flight flow imaging using NMR remote detection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POROUS-MEDIA; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; GAS; DISPERSION; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; TRANSPORT; MRI AB A time-of-flight imaging technique is introduced to visualize fluid flow and dispersion through porous media using NMR. As the fluid flows through a sample, the nuclear spin magnetization is modulated by rf pulses and magnetic field gradients to encode the spatial coordinates of the fluid. When the fluid leaves the sample, its magnetization is recorded by a second rf coil. This scheme not only facilitates a time-dependent imaging of fluid flow, it also allows a separate optimization of encoding and detection subsystems to enhance overall sensitivity. The technique is demonstrated by imaging gas flow through a porous rock. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. RP Granwehr, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM joga@waugh.cchem.berkeley.edu; ysong@slb.com RI Han, Songi/E-4723-2012 OI Han, Songi/0000-0001-6489-6246 NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 075503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.075503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300028 PM 16196792 ER PT J AU Kalantar, DH Belak, JF Collins, GW Colvin, JD Davies, HM Eggert, JH Germann, TC Hawreliak, J Holian, BL Kadau, K Lomdahl, PS Lorenzana, HE Meyers, MA Rosolankova, K Schneider, MS Sheppard, J Stolken, JS Wark, JS AF Kalantar, DH Belak, JF Collins, GW Colvin, JD Davies, HM Eggert, JH Germann, TC Hawreliak, J Holian, BL Kadau, K Lomdahl, PS Lorenzana, HE Meyers, MA Rosolankova, K Schneider, MS Sheppard, J Stolken, JS Wark, JS TI Direct observation of the alpha-epsilon transition in shock-compressed iron via nanosecond x-ray diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; PRESSURE; DYNAMICS; WAVES AB In situ x-ray diffraction studies of iron under shock conditions confirm unambiguously a phase change from the bcc (alpha) to hcp (epsilon) structure. Previous identification of this transition in shock-loaded iron has been inferred from the correlation between shock-wave-profile analyses and static high-pressure x-ray measurements. This correlation is intrinsically limited because dynamic loading can markedly affect the structural modifications of solids. The in situ measurements are consistent with a uniaxial collapse along the [001] direction and shuffling of alternate (110) planes of atoms, and are in good agreement with large-scale nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. AWE Aldermaston, Reading, Berks, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Kalantar, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Collins, Gilbert/G-1009-2011; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 25 TC 160 Z9 172 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 075502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.075502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300027 PM 16196791 ER PT J AU Lee, YS Nardelli, MB Marzari, N AF Lee, YS Nardelli, MB Marzari, N TI Band structure and quantum conductance of nanostructures from maximally localized wannier functions: The case of functionalized carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; SYSTEMS; CHEMISTRY AB We have combined large-scale, Gamma-point electronic-structure calculations with the maximally localized Wannier functions approach to calculate efficiently the band structure and the quantum conductance of complex systems containing thousands of atoms while maintaining full first-principles accuracy. We have applied this approach to study covalent functionalizations in metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes. We find that the band structure around the Fermi energy is much less dependent on the chemical nature of the ligands than on the sp(3) functionalization pattern disrupting the conjugation network. Common aryl functionalizations are more stable when paired with saturating hydrogens; even when paired, they still act as strong scattering centers that degrade the ballistic conductance of the nanotubes already at low degrees of coverage. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCS CSM, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Lee, Young-Su/C-3834-2012; Marzari, Nicola/D-6681-2016 OI Marzari, Nicola/0000-0002-9764-0199 NR 35 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 076804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.076804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300048 PM 16196812 ER PT J AU Leisure, RG Kern, S Drymiotis, FR Ledbetter, H Migliori, A Mydosh, JA AF Leisure, RG Kern, S Drymiotis, FR Ledbetter, H Migliori, A Mydosh, JA TI Complete elastic tensor through the first-order transformation in U2Rh3Si5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE INTERACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CONSTANTS; BEHAVIOR; UPD3; UO2 AB The complete elastic tensor of U2Rh3Si5 has been determined over the temperature range of 5-300 K, including the dramatic first-order transition to an antiferromagnetic state at 25.5 K. Sharp upward steps in the elastic moduli as the temperature is decreased through the transition reveal the first-order nature of the phase change. In the antiferromagnetic state the temperature dependence of the elastic moduli scales with the square of the ordered moment on the uranium ion, demonstrating strong spin-lattice coupling. The temperature dependence of the moduli well above the transition indicates coupling of the ultrasonic waves to the crystal electric field levels of the uranium ion where the lowest state is a singlet. The elastic constant data suggest that the first-order phase change is magnetically driven by a bootstrap mechanism involving the ground state singlet and a magnetically active crystal electric field level. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RP Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 075506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.075506 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300031 PM 16196795 ER PT J AU Porcar, L Warr, GG Hamilton, WA Butler, PD AF Porcar, L Warr, GG Hamilton, WA Butler, PD TI Shear-induced collapse in a lyotropic lamellar phase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY; UNDULATION INSTABILITY; FLOW; FLUCTUATIONS; MEMBRANES; CRYSTALS; SYSTEMS AB An entropically stabilized cetylpyridinium chloride, hexanol, and heavy brine lyotropic lamellar phase subjected to shear flow has been observed here by small angle neutron scattering to undergo collapse of smectic order above a threshold shear rate. The results are compared with theories predicting that such a lamellar phase sheared above a critical rate should lose its stability by a loss of resistance to compression due to the suppression of membrane fluctuations. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 078302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.078302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300068 ER PT J AU Tran, TB Beloborodov, IS Lin, XM Bigioni, TP Vinokur, VM Jaeger, HM AF Tran, TB Beloborodov, IS Lin, XM Bigioni, TP Vinokur, VM Jaeger, HM TI Multiple cotunneling in large quantum dot arrays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTAL SUPERLATTICES; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; CHARGE; METAL AB We investigate the effects of inelastic cotunneling on the electronic transport properties of gold nanoparticle multilayers and thick films at low applied bias, inside the Coulomb-blockade regime. We find that the zero-bias conductance, g(0)(T), in all systems exhibits Efros-Shklovskii-type variable range hopping transport. The resulting typical hopping distance, corresponding to the number of tunnel junctions participating in cotunneling events, is shown to be directly related to the power-law exponent in the measured current-voltage characteristics. We discuss the implications of these findings in light of models on cotunneling and hopping transport in mesoscopic, granular conductors. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tran, TB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 26 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 076806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.076806 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300050 PM 16196814 ER PT J AU Yaakobi, B Boehly, TR Meyerhofer, DD Collins, TJB Remington, BA Allen, PG Pollaine, SM Lorenzana, HE Eggert, JH AF Yaakobi, B Boehly, TR Meyerhofer, DD Collins, TJB Remington, BA Allen, PG Pollaine, SM Lorenzana, HE Eggert, JH TI EXAFS measurement of iron bcc-to-hcp phase transformation in nanosecond-laser shocks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; EPSILON-PHASE; HIGH PRESSURE; TRANSITION; DEFORMATION AB Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have demonstrated the phase transformation from body-centered-cubic (bcc) to hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) iron due to nanosecond, laser-generated shocks. The EXAFS spectra are also used to determine the compression and temperature in the shocked iron, which are consistent with hydrodynamic simulations and with the compression inferred from velocity interferometry. This is a direct, atomic-level, and in situ proof of shock-induced transformation in iron, as opposed to the previous indirect proof based on shock-wave splitting. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yaakobi, B (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. NR 29 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 7 AR 075501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.075501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SG UT WOS:000231247300026 PM 16196790 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TH AF Nguyen, TH TI Microchallenges of chemical weapons proliferation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Global Secur Res & Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Nguyen, TH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Global Secur Res & Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM thnguyen@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5737 BP 1021 EP 1021 DI 10.1126/science.1112445 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955MN UT WOS:000231230100026 PM 16099966 ER PT J AU Mills, E AF Mills, E TI Insurance in a climate of change SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EXTREMES; FLUCTUATIONS; TRAGEDY; IMPACTS; WEATHER; COMMONS; HEALTH; RISK AB Catastrophe insurance provides peace of mind and financial security. Climate change can have adverse impacts on insurance affordability and availability, potentially slowing the growth of the industry and shifting more of the burden to governments and individuals. Most forms of insurance are vulnerable, including property, liability, health, and life. It is incumbent on insurers, their regulators, and the policy community to develop a better grasp of the physical and business risks. Insurers are well positioned to participate in public-private initiatives to monitor loss trends, improve catastrophe modeling, address the causes of climate change, and prepare for and adapt to the impacts. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mills, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM emills@lbl.gov RI Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014 NR 42 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5737 BP 1040 EP 1044 DI 10.1126/science.1112121 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955MN UT WOS:000231230100035 PM 16099975 ER PT J AU Shan, C Pruess, K AF Shan, C Pruess, K TI An analytical solution for slug tracer tests in fractured reservoirs SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; COLLOID TRANSPORT; SINGLE FRACTURE; DIFFUSION AB [1] The transport of chemicals or heat in fractured reservoirs is strongly affected by the fracture-matrix interfacial area. Under unsaturated conditions, such as in vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs, this area can be estimated from inert gas tracer tests that produce a characteristic tail in tracer breakthrough curves (BTCs). For water-saturated conditions, molecular diffusion is orders of magnitude smaller, and tails in BTCs from diffusive exchange between fractures and matrix are too weak to be practically useful as a characterization tool for fracture spacings of practical interest. However, recent studies suggest that reversibly sorbing solute tracers can generate strong tails in BTCs that may allow a determination of the fracture-matrix interfacial area. To theoretically explore such a useful phenomenon, this paper develops an analytical solution for BTCs in slug tracer tests in a water-saturated fractured reservoir, idealized here as a set of uniformly spaced plane, parallel, identical fractures. The solution shows that increased sorption should have the same effect on BTCs as an increase of the diffusion coefficient. The solution is useful for understanding transport mechanisms, verifying numerical codes, and identifying appropriate chemicals as tracers for the characterization of fractured reservoirs. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shan, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM c_shan@lbl.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 12 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 8 AR W08502 DI 10.1029/2005WR004081 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 957QD UT WOS:000231384800006 ER PT J AU Cheung, SCS Kamath, C AF Cheung, SCS Kamath, C TI Robust background subtraction with foreground validation for urban traffic video SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON APPLIED SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE background subtraction; foreground validation; urban traffic video ID REAL-TIME TRACKING AB Identifying moving objects in a video sequence is a fundamental and critical task in many computer-vision applications. Background subtraction techniques are commonly used to separate foreground moving objects from the background. Most background subtraction techniques assume a single rate of adaptation, which is inadequate for complex scenes such as a traffic intersection where objects are moving at different and varying speeds. In this paper, we propose a foreground validation algorithm that first builds a foreground mask using a slow-adapting Kalman filter, and then validates individual foreground pixels by a simple moving object model built using both the foreground and background statistics as well as the frame difference. Ground-truth experiments with urban traffic sequences show that our proposed algorithm significantly improves upon results using only Kalman filter or frame-differencing, and outperforms other techniques based on mixture of Gaussians, median filter, and approximated median filter. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM cheung@engr.uky.edu; kamath2@llnl.gov NR 29 TC 51 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 16 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1110-8657 EI 1687-0433 J9 EURASIP J APPL SIG P JI EURASIP J Appl. Signal Process. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 2005 IS 14 BP 2330 EP 2340 DI 10.1155/ASP.2005.2330 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 996WD UT WOS:000234205200017 ER PT J AU Ebihara, Y Fok, MC Sazykin, S Thomsen, MF Hairston, MR Evans, DS Rich, FJ Ejiri, M AF Ebihara, Y Fok, MC Sazykin, S Thomsen, MF Hairston, MR Evans, DS Rich, FJ Ejiri, M TI Ring current and the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling during the superstorm of 20 November 2003 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; TRANSPOLAR POTENTIAL SATURATION; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; MAGNETIC STORM; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; CURRENT DYNAMICS; MILLSTONE HILL; PLASMA SHEET; SOLAR-CYCLE AB [1] We investigated the impact on the terrestrial ring current of a coronal mass ejection (CME) and the associated magnetic cloud that severely disturbed the Earth's magnetosphere on 20 November 2003. This CME decreased the Dst index to - 472 nT, which makes it the second largest storm, based on the minimum Dst index values, observed between 1957 and 2004. Data from the DMSP, NOAA, and LANL satellites showed the unique characteristics of this storm; a polar cap potential that increased to at least 200 kV, a polar cap boundary that moved as low as about 60 degrees MLAT, a plasma sheet density that increased to 5 cm(-3) at L = 6.6 when the Dst index was near its minimum, and the inner edge of the plasma sheet ion population that penetrated into a region for which L <= 1.5. In order to study the dynamics of the ring current and the associated magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, we performed a ring current simulation that computed the evolution of the phase space density of the ring current ions and the closure of the electric current between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere. Major results were as follows: ( 1) The ring current, in terms of the Dst index and the inner edge of the plasma sheet, can result from the enhancement of the convection electric field, given the polar cap potentials used in the model; ( 2) The solar wind particles probably penetrated quickly into the geosynchronous altitude on the nightside with a lag of about 80 min, resulting in further enhancement of the ring current; ( 3) Dense geocoronal neutral hydrogen or a large coefficient of pitch angle diffusion (> 10(-4) s(-1)) is probably needed to account for the rapid motion of the inner edge of the plasma sheet ( or the ring current) population to a higher L value; ( 4) Both the simulated and observed field-aligned current (FAC) distributions show multiple current sheets, rather than the normally expected two current sheets. Fluctuations in the polar cap potential and the plasma sheet density are believed to cause the multiple sheets of field-aligned currents; ( 5) The equatorward edge of the Region 2 type field-aligned currents was observed to expand as low as 40 degrees MLAT, which is consistent with the simulation; and ( 6) The convection pattern can be much more complicated than an average one due to a strong Region 2 FAC. A noticeable feature was the reversal of the zonal ionospheric plasma flow that emerged on the dawnside. In particular, a westward flow was observed in the equatorial region of the eastward plasma flow at dawn. Its speed had a local maximum of about 5 degrees equatorward of the flow reversal. The flow reversal is thought to have resulted from the relatively strong shielding electric field. C1 Natl Inst Polar Res, Itabashi Ku, Tokyo 1738515, Japan. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. NOAA, Space Environm Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Natl Inst Polar Res, Itabashi Ku, 1-9-10 Kaga, Tokyo 1738515, Japan. EM ebihara@nipr.ac.jp; mei-ching.h.fok@nasa.gov; sazykin@rice.edu; mthomsen@lanl.gov; hairston@utdallas.edu; david.s.evans@noaa.gov; frederick.rich@hanscom.af.mil; ejiri@nipr.ac.jp RI Fok, Mei-Ching/D-1626-2012; Sazykin, Stanislav/C-3775-2008; Ebihara, Yusuke/D-1638-2013; Moore, Thomas/D-4675-2012 OI Sazykin, Stanislav/0000-0002-9401-4248; Ebihara, Yusuke/0000-0002-2293-1557; Moore, Thomas/0000-0002-3150-1137 NR 73 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A9 AR A09S22 DI 10.1029/2004JA010924 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 957PT UT WOS:000231383700001 ER PT J AU Klatt, EM Kintner, PM Seyler, CE Liu, K MacDonald, EA Lynch, KA AF Klatt, EM Kintner, PM Seyler, CE Liu, K MacDonald, EA Lynch, KA TI SIERRA observations of Alfvenic processes in the topside auroral ionosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FREJA SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; TRANSVERSE ION-ACCELERATION; BOOM DEPLOYMENT SYSTEM; PLASMA-WAVES; ENERGIZATION MECHANISMS; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; SOUNDING ROCKET; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CURRENT REGION; LOWER-HYBRID AB [1] The NASA SIERRA rocket mission was a multiple-payload, auroral plasma physics experiment that flew into a 100 nT auroral substorm at altitudes up to 735 km over the Poker Flat Research Range in Alaska on 14 January 2002. The flight environment was composed of an equatorward region of inverted-V electron precipitation followed by a poleward region of mostly field-aligned suprathermal electron bursts. In the inverted-V region, the measured delta E/delta B implied a stationary field-aligned current configuration. In the poleward region, the average electric field was much larger, 50 mV/m compared with 20 mV/m, included time-varying components that exceeded 100 mV/m with periods of 0.5 - 5 s, and delta E/delta B was Alfvenic. Our multiple-payload observations show that the perpendicular scale size of most of these waves is on the order of a kilometer or less. At smaller scales, broadband, extremely low-frequency (BBELF) fluctuations associated with observed Alfven waves had spectral ratios (delta E/delta B) appropriate for inertial Alfven waves larger and smaller than the electron inertial length (lambda(e) = c/omega(pe)), but the phase angle differences between delta E and delta B indicate mostly propagating Alfven waves for spatial scales much larger than lambda(e) and a transition to spatial perturbations, embedded in the plasma, for scales near lambda(e). The data are consistent with the model of kilometer-scale oblique Alfvenic arcs that are unstable to the current shear-driven instabilities discussed in previous theoretical investigations, lending support to the conclusion that the observed BBELF fluctuations are likely driven by the wave-associated field-aligned current shear. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Klatt, EM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ek59@cornell.edu; paul@ece.cornell.edu; seyler@ece.cornell.edu; kl263@cornell.edu; macdonald@lanl.gov; lynch@birkeland.dartmouth.edu RI Dong, Li/F-4931-2010 NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A10 AR A10S12 DI 10.1029/2004JA010883 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 957PV UT WOS:000231383900002 ER PT J AU Pollack, L Windus, TL de Jong, WA Dixon, DA AF Pollack, L Windus, TL de Jong, WA Dixon, DA TI Thermodynamic properties of the C-5, C-6, and C-8 n-alkanes from ab initio electronic structure theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; DIATOMIC DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIES; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; PROJECTION OPERATORS; TRIPLE EXCITATIONS; ATOMS; HEATS; SPIN AB The heats of formation for the n-alkanes CnHn+2 for n = 5, 6, and 8 have been calculated using ab initio molecular orbital theory. Coupled-cluster calculations with perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) were employed for the total valence electronic energies. Correlation-consistent basis sets were used, up through the augmented quadruple zeta, to extrapolate to the complete basis set limit. Geometries were optimized at the B3LYP/TZVP and MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ levels. The MP2 geometries were used in the CCSD(T) calculations. Frequencies were determined at the density functional level (B3LYP/TZVP), and scaled zero point energies were calculated from the B3LYP frequencies. Core/valence, scalar relativistic, and spin-orbit corrections were included in an additive fashion to predict the atomization energies. The core/valence corrections are not small, (similar to 1.1 kcal/mol per carbon unit) and cannot be neglected for chemical accuracy. The calculated Delta H-t(298) values are -35.0, -40.2, and -50.2 kcal/mol for C5H12, C6H14, and C8H18, respectively, in excellent agreement with the respective experimental values of -35.11 +/- 0.19, -39.89 +/- 0.19, and -49.90 +/- 0.31 kcal/mol. Isodesmic reaction energies are presented for some simple reactions involving CgH,g and are shown not to be strongly method dependent. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Mol Sci Comp Facil, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315 NR 52 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 31 BP 6934 EP 6938 DI 10.1021/jp044564r PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952YN UT WOS:000231042500019 PM 16834051 ER PT J AU Vargas, R Garza, J Friesner, RA Stern, H Hay, BP Dixon, DA AF Vargas, R Garza, J Friesner, RA Stern, H Hay, BP Dixon, DA TI Reply to comment on "Strength of the N-H center dot center dot center dot O=C bonds in formamide and N-methylacetamide dimers" SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID WAVE-FUNCTIONS; BASIS-SETS C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Quim, Div Ciencias Basicas & Ingn, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dixon, DA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RI Garza, Jorge/H-9395-2016; Garza-Olguin, Jorge/N-3106-2016 OI Garza, Jorge/0000-0003-4249-6078; Garza-Olguin, Jorge/0000-0003-4249-6078 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 31 BP 6991 EP 6992 DI 10.1021/jp0520042 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952YN UT WOS:000231042500028 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Zhou, B Martin, RB Henbest, KB Harruff, BA Riggs, JE Guo, ZX Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Lin, Y Zhou, B Martin, RB Henbest, KB Harruff, BA Riggs, JE Guo, ZX Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Visible luminescence of carbon nanotubes and dependence on functionalization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURIFICATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SOLUBILIZATION; LEVEL; FILMS AB Strong, luminescence emissions over a broad wavelength region were detected from well-dispersed carbon nanotubes in most functionalized samples, even with excitation wavelengths into the near-IR. Apparently, the better dispersion and functionalization of the nanotubes resulted in more intense luminescence emissions. These emissions may logically be attributed to the trapping of excitation energy by defect sites in the nanotube structure, which are passivated upon the appropriate functionalization of the nanotubes. Better functionalization improves not only the nanotube dispersion (thus diminishing the quenching due to intertube interactions) but also the surface passivation to make the energy trapping sites more emissive, leading to stronger luminescence emissions. Because of such high sensitivity, the visible luminescence emissions may prove valuable in the evaluation of dispersion in functionalized carbon nanotube samples and related nanocomposite materials. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 36 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 31 BP 14779 EP 14782 DI 10.1021/jp053073j PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 952YQ UT WOS:000231042800006 PM 16852868 ER PT J AU White, JM Henderson, MA AF White, JM Henderson, MA TI Thermal and photochemistry of tert-butyl iodide on rutile TiO2(110) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID METHYL-IODIDE; SURFACE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; TRIMETHYL ACETATE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; TIO2 SURFACES; PHOTODISSOCIATION; MGO(100); DESORPTION AB The thermal and photochemistry of tert-butyl iodide (t-buI) dosed at 100 K on rutile TiO2(110) has been studied using isothermal and temperature programmed desorption mass spectrometry. Nondissociative adsorption and desorption dominate the thermal behavior with dose-dependent t-buI desorption peaks at nominally 220 and 150 K. Ultraviolet photochemistry occurs readily, but the behavior of submonolayers and multilayers differ qualitatively. Ejection of t-buI and i-C4H8 dominate during submonolayer photolysis at 100 K. Multilayer photolysis results are also dominated by ejection during irradiation, but the t-buI component is strongly suppressed, and the maximum rates of i-C4H8 and HI ejection did not occur at the outset. A mechanistic model capturing the observations involves both direct and substrate-mediated electronic excitation of t-buI. According to this model, ejection of t-bu(I) occurs only from transient substrate-mediated formation of anionic t-buI. For either excitation path, the C-I dissociation probability is significant, and the excited tert-butyl product rear-ranges readily to form i-C4H8 that is ejected. For any local region where there is multilayer coverage, products formed at the adsorbate-vacuum interface are ejected promptly, but products formed within the multilayer are trapped. Thus, ejection of t-buI is suppressed, and trapped primary photodissociation products, tert-butyl and 1, react to either reform t-buI or rearrange to i-C4H8 and HI. The latter two products remain trapped and are subsequently induced to desorb by acquisition of momentum from collisions with subsequently formed translationally excited photodissociation products. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma.henderson@pnl.gov NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 31 BP 14990 EP 15000 DI 10.1021/jp0517448 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 952YQ UT WOS:000231042800036 PM 16852898 ER PT J AU Frey, NA Heindl, R Srinath, S Srikanth, H Dudney, NJ AF Frey, NA Heindl, R Srinath, S Srikanth, H Dudney, NJ TI Microstructure and magnetism in barium strontium titanate (BSTO)-barium hexaferrite (BaM) multilayers SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE multilayers; magnetic materials; sputtering; magnetic properties; microstructure ID THIN-FILMS; COMPLEX PERMEABILITY; MICROWAVE PROPERTIES; HEXAGONAL FERRITES; MEDIA AB High quality multilayers of barium ferrite (BaM) and barium strontium titanate (BSTO) were grown in optimized conditions on thermally oxidized Si(1 0 0) and Al2O3 substrates using magnetron sputtering. As-grown films were amorphous and different annealing procedures were explored to stabilize crystalline phases. BSTO and BaM phases were identified using X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional scanning electron micrographs showed sharp interfaces between BSTO and BaM layers. Magnetic hysteresis loops obtained at various temperatures and field orientations showed a large coercivity (similar to 2500 Oe) consistent with the hard magnetic hexaferrite component. Hysteresis loops also revealed the distinct influence of magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropies at different temperature ranges. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Phys Mat Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Srikanth, H (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Phys Mat Lab, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM sharihar@cas.usf.edu RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016 OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1286 EP 1293 DI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2005.04.006 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 949XW UT WOS:000230823200006 ER PT J AU Steinfink, H Dass, RI Lynch, V Harlow, RL Lee, PL AF Steinfink, H Dass, RI Lynch, V Harlow, RL Lee, PL TI On the existence of PbBi3PO8 its synthesis and crystal structure SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE oxides; chemical synthesis; crystal growth; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure ID ZN; CO AB The title compound crystallizes in the tetragonal system, a = 11.733(2) angstrom, c = 15.587(3) angstrom, I4 mm, Z = 10. Data were collected at the Argonne National Laboratory synchrotron source at lambda = 0.15359 angstrom. Least squares refinement on F-2 converged to R1 = 0.039. The oxygen coordination polyhedra around Bi and Pb display the distortions typical of 6s(2) lone-pair atoms. One Bi is disordered. Bi-O bonds vary from 2.08(2) to 2.96(1) angstrom. One Pb is in cubic coordination to oxygen and the second Ph is bonded to six oxygen atoms that form a rectangular pyramid and a seventh oxygen is off one of the rectangular faces of the pyramid. Pb-O bonds vary from 2.303(6) to 2.804(17) angstrom. Of the two crystallographically independent P one is in a single tetrahedral coordination while the second is at the center of two disordered tetrahedra. Units of OM4 tetrahedra, M = Bi/Pb, articulate into a three-dimensional framework by corner and edge sharing that is strengthened by comer sharing with PO4 Moieties. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Chem Engn, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RL Harlow & Co Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, XOR, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Steinfink, H (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Chem Engn, Texas Mat Inst, 1 Univ Stn C0400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM steinfink@che.utexas.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1361 EP 1370 DI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2005.03.031 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 949XW UT WOS:000230823200015 ER PT J AU Matsumoto, T Wu, JZ Kanamori, H Katayose, Y Fujisawa, M Namiki, N Mizuno, H Yamamoto, K Antonio, BA Baba, T Sakata, K Nagamura, Y Aoki, H Arikawa, K Arita, K Bito, T Chiden, Y Fujitsuka, N Fukunaka, R Hamada, M Harada, C Hayashi, A Hijishita, S Honda, M Hosokawa, S Ichikawa, Y Idonuma, A Iijima, M Ikeda, M Ikeno, M Ito, K Ito, S Ito, T Ito, Y Ito, Y Iwabuchi, A Kamiya, K Karasawa, W Kurita, K Katagiri, S Kikuta, A Kobayashi, H Kobayashi, N Machita, K Maehara, T Masukawa, M Mizubayashi, T Mukai, Y Nagasaki, H Nagata, Y Naito, S Nakashima, M Nakama, Y Nakamichi, Y Nakamura, M Meguro, A Negishi, M Ohta, I Ohta, T Okamoto, M Ono, N Saji, S Sakaguchi, M Sakai, K Shibata, M Shimokawa, T Song, JY Takazaki, Y Terasawa, K Tsugane, M Tsuji, K Ueda, S Waki, K Yamagata, H Yamamoto, M Yamamoto, S Yamane, H Yoshiki, S Yoshihara, R Yukawa, K Zhong, HS Yano, M Sasaki, T Yuan, QP Shu, OT Liu, J Jones, KM Gansberger, K Moffat, K Hill, J Bera, J Fadrosh, D Jin, SH Johri, S Kim, M Overton, L Reardon, M Tsitrin, T Vuong, H Weaver, B Ciecko, A Tallon, L Jackson, J Pai, G Van Aken, S Utterback, T Reidmuller, S Feldblyum, T Hsiao, J Zismann, V Iobst, S de Vazeille, AR Buell, CR Ying, K Li, Y Lu, TT Huang, YC Zhao, Q Feng, Q Zhang, L Zhu, JJ Weng, QJ Mu, J Lu, YQ Fan, DL Liu, YL Guan, JP Zhang, YJ Yu, SL Liu, XH Zhang, Y Hong, GF Han, B Choisne, N Demange, N Orjeda, G Samain, S Cattolico, L Pelletier, E Couloux, A Segurens, B Wincker, P D'Hont, A Scarpelli, C Weissenbach, J Salanoubat, M Quetier, F Yu, Y Kim, HR Rambo, T Currie, J Collura, K Luo, MZ Yang, TJ Ammiraju, JSS Engler, F Soderlund, C Wing, RA Palmer, LE de la Bastide, M Spiegel, L Nascimento, L Zutavern, T O'Shaughnessy, A Dike, S Dedhia, N Preston, R Balija, V McCombie, WR Chow, TY Chen, HH Chung, MC Chen, CS Shaw, JF Wu, HP Hsiao, KJ Chao, YT Chu, MK Cheng, CH Hour, AL Lee, PF Lin, SJ Lin, YC Liou, JY Liu, SM Hsing, YI Raghuvanshi, S Mohanty, A Bharti, AK Gaur, A Gupta, V Kumar, D Ravi, V Vij, S Kapur, A Khurana, P Khurana, P Khurana, JP Tyagi, AK Gaikwad, K Singh, A Dalal, V Srivastava, S Dixit, A Pal, AK Ghazi, IA Yadav, M Pandit, A Bhargava, A Sureshbabu, K Batra, K Sharma, TR Mohapatra, T Singh, NK Messing, J Nelson, AB Fuks, G Kavchok, S Keizer, G Llaca, ELV Song, RT Tanyolac, B Young, S Il, KH Hahn, JH Sangsakoo, G Vanavichit, A de Mattos, LAT Zimmer, PD Malone, G Dellagostin, O de Oliveira, AC Bevan, M Bancroft, I Minx, P Cordum, H Wilson, R Cheng, ZK Jin, WW Jiang, JM Leong, SA Iwama, H Gojobori, T Itoh, T Niimura, Y Fujii, Y Habara, T Sakai, H Sato, Y Wilson, G Kumar, K McCouch, S Juretic, N Hoen, D Wright, S Bruskiewich, R Bureau, T Miyao, A Hirochika, H Nishikawa, T Kadowaki, K Sugiura, M AF Matsumoto, T Wu, JZ Kanamori, H Katayose, Y Fujisawa, M Namiki, N Mizuno, H Yamamoto, K Antonio, BA Baba, T Sakata, K Nagamura, Y Aoki, H Arikawa, K Arita, K Bito, T Chiden, Y Fujitsuka, N Fukunaka, R Hamada, M Harada, C Hayashi, A Hijishita, S Honda, M Hosokawa, S Ichikawa, Y Idonuma, A Iijima, M Ikeda, M Ikeno, M Ito, K Ito, S Ito, T Ito, Y Ito, Y Iwabuchi, A Kamiya, K Karasawa, W Kurita, K Katagiri, S Kikuta, A Kobayashi, H Kobayashi, N Machita, K Maehara, T Masukawa, M Mizubayashi, T Mukai, Y Nagasaki, H Nagata, Y Naito, S Nakashima, M Nakama, Y Nakamichi, Y Nakamura, M Meguro, A Negishi, M Ohta, I Ohta, T Okamoto, M Ono, N Saji, S Sakaguchi, M Sakai, K Shibata, M Shimokawa, T Song, JY Takazaki, Y Terasawa, K Tsugane, M Tsuji, K Ueda, S Waki, K Yamagata, H Yamamoto, M Yamamoto, S Yamane, H Yoshiki, S Yoshihara, R Yukawa, K Zhong, HS Yano, M Sasaki, T Yuan, QP Shu, OT Liu, J Jones, KM Gansberger, K Moffat, K Hill, J Bera, J Fadrosh, D Jin, SH Johri, S Kim, M Overton, L Reardon, M Tsitrin, T Vuong, H Weaver, B Ciecko, A Tallon, L Jackson, J Pai, G Van Aken, S Utterback, T Reidmuller, S Feldblyum, T Hsiao, J Zismann, V Iobst, S de Vazeille, AR Buell, CR Ying, K Li, Y Lu, TT Huang, YC Zhao, Q Feng, Q Zhang, L Zhu, JJ Weng, QJ Mu, J Lu, YQ Fan, DL Liu, YL Guan, JP Zhang, YJ Yu, SL Liu, XH Zhang, Y Hong, GF Han, B Choisne, N Demange, N Orjeda, G Samain, S Cattolico, L Pelletier, E Couloux, A Segurens, B Wincker, P D'Hont, A Scarpelli, C Weissenbach, J Salanoubat, M Quetier, F Yu, Y Kim, HR Rambo, T Currie, J Collura, K Luo, MZ Yang, TJ Ammiraju, JSS Engler, F Soderlund, C Wing, RA Palmer, LE de la Bastide, M Spiegel, L Nascimento, L Zutavern, T O'Shaughnessy, A Dike, S Dedhia, N Preston, R Balija, V McCombie, WR Chow, TY Chen, HH Chung, MC Chen, CS Shaw, JF Wu, HP Hsiao, KJ Chao, YT Chu, MK Cheng, CH Hour, AL Lee, PF Lin, SJ Lin, YC Liou, JY Liu, SM Hsing, YI Raghuvanshi, S Mohanty, A Bharti, AK Gaur, A Gupta, V Kumar, D Ravi, V Vij, S Kapur, A Khurana, P Khurana, P Khurana, JP Tyagi, AK Gaikwad, K Singh, A Dalal, V Srivastava, S Dixit, A Pal, AK Ghazi, IA Yadav, M Pandit, A Bhargava, A Sureshbabu, K Batra, K Sharma, TR Mohapatra, T Singh, NK Messing, J Nelson, AB Fuks, G Kavchok, S Keizer, G Llaca, ELV Song, RT Tanyolac, B Young, S Il, KH Hahn, JH Sangsakoo, G Vanavichit, A de Mattos, LAT Zimmer, PD Malone, G Dellagostin, O de Oliveira, AC Bevan, M Bancroft, I Minx, P Cordum, H Wilson, R Cheng, ZK Jin, WW Jiang, JM Leong, SA Iwama, H Gojobori, T Itoh, T Niimura, Y Fujii, Y Habara, T Sakai, H Sato, Y Wilson, G Kumar, K McCouch, S Juretic, N Hoen, D Wright, S Bruskiewich, R Bureau, T Miyao, A Hirochika, H Nishikawa, T Kadowaki, K Sugiura, M CA Int Rice Genome Sequencing Project TI The map-based sequence of the rice genome SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; DRAFT SEQUENCE; JAPONICA RICE; GENES; ANNOTATION; CENTROMERE; MICRORNAS; INDICA AB Rice, one of the world's most important food plants, has important syntenic relationships with the other cereal species and is a model plant for the grasses. Here we present a map-based, finished quality sequence that covers 95% of the 389 Mb genome, including virtually all of the euchromatin and two complete centromeres. A total of 37,544 non-transposable-element-related protein-coding genes were identified, of which 71% had a putative homologue in Arabidopsis. In a reciprocal analysis, 90% of the Arabidopsis proteins had a putative homologue in the predicted rice proteome. Twenty-nine per cent of the 37,544 predicted genes appear in clustered gene families. The number and classes of transposable elements found in the rice genome are consistent with the expansion of syntenic regions in the maize and sorghum genomes. We find evidence for widespread and recurrent gene transfer from the organelles to the nuclear chromosomes. The map-based sequence has proven useful for the identification of genes underlying agronomic traits. The additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms and simple sequence repeats identified in our study should accelerate improvements in rice production. C1 Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Inst Soc Techno Innovat Agr Forestry & Fisheries, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. Inst Genome Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. Ctr Natl Sequencage, INRA URGV, CNRS UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France. UMR PIA, Cirad Amis, F-34398 Montpellier 05, France. Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, BIO5 Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11723 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Bot, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 701, Taiwan. Natl Yang Ming Univ, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Univ Delhi, Dept Plant Mol Biol, New Delhi 110021, India. Indian Agr Res Inst, Natl Res Ctr Plant Biotechnol, New Delhi 110012, India. Rutgers State Univ, Waksman Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Natl Inst Agr Sci & Technol, RDA, Suwon 441707, South Korea. Kasetsart Univ, Rice Gene Unit, Nakron Pathom 73140, Thailand. Univ Fed Pelotas, Ctr Genom & Fitomelhoramento, BR-96001970 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Natl Inst Genet, Ctr Informat Biol, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. Natl Inst Genet, DNA Data Bank Japan, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Biol Informat Res Ctr, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1350064, Japan. Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Inst Med Res, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138510, Japan. Japan Biol informat Consortium, Japan Biol Informat Res Ctr, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1350064, Japan. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Int Rice Res Inst, Biometr & Bioinformat Unit, Manila, Philippines. Nagoya City Univ, Grad Sch Nat Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4678501, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sasaki, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Inst Soc Techno Innovat Agr Forestry & Fisheries, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. EM tsasaki@nias.affrc.go.jp RI LIN, Yao-Cheng/B-4394-2008; Wright, Stephen/C-3113-2008; Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; Dellagostin, Odir/C-2331-2009; TYAGI, AKHILESH KUMAR/D-2649-2009; Leong, Sally /I-8550-2012; Song, Rentao/A-6544-2012; Vydianathan, Ravi/B-2759-2009; Oliveira, Antonio/F-7508-2012 OI Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226; LIN, Yao-Cheng/0000-0002-9390-795X; Wright, Stephen/0000-0001-9973-9697; Dellagostin, Odir/0000-0003-2803-4088; Song, Rentao/0000-0003-1810-9875; Vydianathan, Ravi/0000-0003-0807-7697; Oliveira, Antonio/0000-0001-8835-8071 NR 50 TC 1875 Z9 4482 U1 36 U2 350 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 436 IS 7052 BP 793 EP 800 DI 10.1038/nature03895 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 953XG UT WOS:000231116500034 ER PT J AU Dilmanian, FA Qu, Y Liu, S Cool, CD Gilbert, J Hainfeld, JF Kruse, CA Laterra, J Lenihan, D Nawrocky, MM Pappas, G Sze, CI Yuasa, T Zhong, N Zhong, Z McDonald, JW AF Dilmanian, FA Qu, Y Liu, S Cool, CD Gilbert, J Hainfeld, JF Kruse, CA Laterra, J Lenihan, D Nawrocky, MM Pappas, G Sze, CI Yuasa, T Zhong, N Zhong, Z McDonald, JW TI X-ray microbeams: Tumor therapy and central nervous system research SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Medical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (MARS2004) CY SEP 23-25, 2004 CL Trieste, ITALY SP ICTP, Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, INFN, Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Univ Trieste DE dosimetry; synchrotron radiation; micro-beam therapy ID RADIATION-THERAPY; SYNCHROTRON-WIGGLER; MICROPLANAR BEAMS; RADIOTHERAPY; SCATTERING; BRAIN AB Irradiation with parallel arrays of thin, planar slices of X-ray beams (microplanar beams, or microbeams) spares normal tissue, including the central nervous system (CNS), and preferentially damages tumors. The effects are mediated, at least in part, by the tissue's microvasculature that seems to effectively repair itself in normal tissue but fails to do so in tumors. Consequently, the therapeutic index of single-fraction unidirectional microbeam irradiations has been shown to be larger than that of single-fraction unidirectional unsegmented beams in treating the intracranial rat 9L gliosarcoma tumor model (9LGS) and the subcutaneous murine mammary carcinoma EMT-6. This paper presents results demonstrating that individual microbeams, or arrays of parallel ones, can also be used for targeted, selective cell ablation in the CNS, and also to induce demyelination. The results highlight the value of the method as a powerful tool for studying the CNS through selective cell ablation, besides its potential as a treatment modality in clinical oncology. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO USA. Washington Univ, Spinal Cord Injury Restorat Treatment & Res Progr, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Kennedy Krieger Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Yamagata Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, Yamagata 990, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Neurol Surg, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Dilmanian, FA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dilmanian@bnl.gov RI Yuasa, Tetsuya/F-5006-2013 FU NINDS NIH HHS [R21 NS043231, R21 NS046463-01, R21 NS046463] NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.062 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZA UT WOS:000231410900005 PM 17369874 ER PT J AU Wagner, A Aurich, M Sieber, N Stoessel, M Wetzel, WD Schmuck, K Lohmann, M Reime, B Metge, J Coan, P Bravin, A Arfelli, F Rigon, L Menk, RH Heitner, G Irving, T Zhong, Z Muehleman, C Mollenhauer, JA AF Wagner, A Aurich, M Sieber, N Stoessel, M Wetzel, WD Schmuck, K Lohmann, M Reime, B Metge, J Coan, P Bravin, A Arfelli, F Rigon, L Menk, RH Heitner, G Irving, T Zhong, Z Muehleman, C Mollenhauer, JA TI Options and limitations of joint cartilage imaging: DEI in comparison to MRI and sonography SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Medical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (MARS2004) CY SEP 23-25, 2004 CL Trieste, ITALY SP ICTP, Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, INFN, Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Univ Trieste DE cartilage; bone; image analysis; radiology ID HUMAN ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; DIFFRACTION AB Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) is an X-ray imaging method to provide additional contrast and diminish untoward image signals by reducing scattering. Previous reports demonstrated its applicability in soft and hard tissue imaging. Here we provide further evidence for the improved overall image quality and for the option to discriminate various tissue-specific properties, such as collagen fiber elements or mineralization. Comparative ex vivo data to medical MRI and to medical ultrasound are shown, utilizing human ankle and hip specimens. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Jena, Waldkrankenhaus Rudolf Elle, Dept Orthopaed, D-6900 Jena, Germany. DePuy Biotech GmbH, Jena, Germany. DESY, HASYLAB, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. GKSS, Hamburg, Germany. ESRF, Grenoble, France. Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, Trieste, Italy. Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. Univ Siegen, Dept Phys, Siegen, Germany. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Long Isl City, NY USA. Rush Univ, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Mollenhauer, JA (reprint author), Univ Jena, Waldkrankenhaus Rudolf Elle, Dept Orthopaed, Klosterlausnitzer Str 81, D-6900 Jena, Germany. EM juergen.mollenhauer@med.uni-jena.de RI bravin, alberto/B-4911-2008; Rigon, Luigi/G-4048-2012; Coan, Paola/L-8804-2013; Bravin, Alberto/R-8633-2016 OI Coan, Paola/0000-0003-1399-2398; Bravin, Alberto/0000-0001-6868-2755 NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.064 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZA UT WOS:000231410900007 ER PT J AU Connor, DM Sayers, D Sumner, DR Zhong, Z AF Connor, DM Sayers, D Sumner, DR Zhong, Z TI Identification of fatigue damage in cortical bone by diffraction enhanced imaging SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Medical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (MARS2004) CY SEP 23-25, 2004 CL Trieste, ITALY SP ICTP, Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, INFN, Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Univ Trieste DE Diffraction Enhanced Imaging; Darwin width; fatigue damage; microfracture; rocking curve ID MICRODAMAGE ACCUMULATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LONG BONES; FRACTURE AB In an effort to explore Diffraction Enhanced Imaging of bone tissue, experiments were performed to determine if it was possible to use Diffraction Enhanced Imaging to detect microdamage in bovine cortical bone. Measurements were made at the National Synchrotron Light Source where pre- and post-fatigue rocking curve widths of the bone were studied. The rocking curve widths were then compared. Since no consistent pattern of narrowing or broadening of the rocking curve emerged, it is likely that the ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering present in the bone overshadowed any additional changes to rocking curve caused by microdamage of the bone. Larger bone structures were able to be visualized which suggests that microdamage may be visualized with a higher resolution detector. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Connor, DM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, 2700 Stinson Dr,Box 8202, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dmconnor@ncsu.edu NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 548 IS 1-2 BP 234 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.095 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 957ZA UT WOS:000231410900038 ER PT J AU Field, RD Brown, DW Thoma, DJ AF Field, RD Brown, DW Thoma, DJ TI Texture development and deformation mechanisms during uniaxial straining of U-Nb shape-memory alloys SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID MULTIVARIANT MICROMECHANICAL MODEL; URANIUM-NIOBIUM ALLOYS; METASTABLE PHASES; DIFFRACTION; MARTENSITE; SYSTEM; GAMMA AB The shape-memory effect is well documented in uranium - niobium alloys near the alpha"-gamma degrees metastable phase boundary. In situ neutron diffraction measurements during uniaxial loading indicate that U - 14 at.% Nb (in the alpha" monoclinic phase field) deforms by stress-induced twin reorientation. Alternatively, U - 16 at.% Nb (initially gamma degrees tetragonal) undergoes a stress-induced phase transformation to the alpha" monoclinic phase. The crystallographic texture of the monoclinic phase of both compositions has been measured and qualitatively interpreted by considering the orientation relationship between the most favoured alpha" variant and the parent phase. In addition, previously published observations of deformation structures within the shape-memory regime of a U - 13 at.% Nb alloy are discussed within the context of the same model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Field, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mail Stop G770, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rdfield@lanl.gov NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 23 BP 2593 EP 2609 DI 10.1080/14786430500202742 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 949XG UT WOS:000230821600002 ER PT J AU Jacobsohn, LG Cooke, DW Bennett, BL Muenchausen, RE Nastasi, M AF Jacobsohn, LG Cooke, DW Bennett, BL Muenchausen, RE Nastasi, M TI Effects of thermal annealing and ageing on porous silicon photoluminescence SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID VISIBLE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; QUANTUM CONFINEMENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT-EMISSION; FILMS; LUMINESCENCE; HYDROGEN; SURFACE; OXYGEN; STATES AB Effects of vacuum and ambient thermal annealing and ageing on the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of porous silicon (po-Si) have been investigated. Isochronal anneals up to 300 degrees C were done and PL spectra were recorded and compared to the un-annealed specimens. Minimal changes are induced for anneals below approximately 125 degrees C; however, significant reduction in PL intensity occurs following anneals at T >= 200 degrees C. Deconvolution of the PL spectra into five distinct Gaussian bands reveals that at least two of the bands are attributable to non-quantum confinement mechanisms. Specifically, bands appearing at 1.58 and 1.78 eV are ascribed to non-bridging oxygen hole related defects. Recovery of PL intensity following thermal annealing occurs over a period of several days at a rate that is dependent upon annealing temperature and environment. Passivation of Si dangling bonds on the po-Si surface via effusion of hydrogen and incorporation of oxygen is responsible for the observed variations in PL intensity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jacobsohn, LG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8 G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lgjacob@lanl.gov OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 23 BP 2611 EP 2620 DI 10.1080/14786430500155205 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 949XG UT WOS:000230821600003 ER PT J AU Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, E Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, E Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M CA FOCUS Collaboration TI Hadronic mass spectrum analysis of D+-> K-pi(+)mu(+)v decay and measurement of the K*(892)(0) mass and width SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID MESON DECAYS; PHYSICS AB We present a K pi mass spectrum analysis of the four-body semileptonic charm decay D+ -> K(-)pi(+)mu(+)nu in the range of 0.65 GeV/c(2) < m(K pi) < 1.5 GeV/c(2). We observe a non-resonant contribution of 5.30 +/- 0.74(-0.96)(+0.99)% with respect to the total D+ -> K(-)pi(+)mu(+)nu decay. For the K*(892)(0) resonance, we obtain a mass of 895.41 +/- 0.32(-0.43)(0.35) MeV/c(2) a width of 47.79 +/- 0.86(-1.06)(+0.32) MeV/c(2) and a Blatt-Weisskopf damping factor parameter of 3.96 +/- 0.54(-0.90)(+1.31) GeV-1. We also report 90% CL upper limits of 4% and 0.64% for the branching ratios Gamma(D+->(K) over bar*(1680)(0)mu(+)nu)/Gamma(D+-> K(-)pi(+)mu(+)nu) and Gamma(D+ -> (K) over bar*(0)(1430)(0)mu(+)nu)/Gamma(D+ -> K(-)pi(+)mu(+)nu), respectively. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Dipartimento Fis Teorica & Nucl, Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016 OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 1-2 BP 72 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.062 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 953UF UT WOS:000231105400008 ER PT J AU Dombradi, Z Elekes, Z Kanungo, R Baba, H Fulop, Z Gibelin, J Horvath, A Ideguchi, E Ichikawa, Y Iwasa, N Iwasaki, H Kanno, S Kawai, S Kondo, Y Motobayashi, T Notani, M Ohnishi, T Ozawa, A Sakurai, H Shimoura, S Takeshita, E Takeuchi, S Tanihata, I Togano, Y Wu, C Yamaguchi, Y Yanagisawa, Y Yoshida, A Yoshida, K AF Dombradi, Z Elekes, Z Kanungo, R Baba, H Fulop, Z Gibelin, J Horvath, A Ideguchi, E Ichikawa, Y Iwasa, N Iwasaki, H Kanno, S Kawai, S Kondo, Y Motobayashi, T Notani, M Ohnishi, T Ozawa, A Sakurai, H Shimoura, S Takeshita, E Takeuchi, S Tanihata, I Togano, Y Wu, C Yamaguchi, Y Yanagisawa, Y Yoshida, A Yoshida, K TI Decoupling of valence neutrons from the core in B-17 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PROTON INELASTIC-SCATTERING; INTERACTION CROSS-SECTIONS; RICH OXYGEN ISOTOPES; EXCITED-STATES; NUCLEI; MODEL; TRANSITIONS; RADII; HALO AB Proton inelastic scattering study of B-17 nucleus has been performed at 43.8 A MeV average energy in inverse kinematics using a liquid hydrogen target. In the Doppler corrected gamma ray spectrum, a single peak with an energy of 1089(15) keV appeared corresponding to the first excited state of B-17. Based on the reaction cross section, beta(pp')(2) deformation parameter of the transition is deduced by distorted wave analysis. Comparing it with the electric quadrupole moment of the nucleus, it is shown that the deformation of the neutron distribution is large (beta(n) similar to 0.6), and the neutron effective charge is much smaller (e(n) < 0.12) than usual (similar to 0.5). The small effective charge is interpreted as a consequence of the decoupling of valence neutrons from the core. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Inst Phys & Chem Res RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Rikkyo Univ, Tokyo 171, Japan. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Eotvos Lorand Univ, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, POB 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. EM elekes@atomki.hu RI Fulop, Zsolt/B-2262-2008; Dombradi, Zsolt/B-3743-2012; Horvath, Akos/D-1056-2012; Shimoura, Susumu/E-8692-2012; Elekes, Zoltan/J-4531-2012; SAKURAI, HIROYOSHI/G-5085-2014; Takeuchi, Satoshi/O-1529-2016; OI Shimoura, Susumu/0000-0003-4741-2865; Elekes, Zoltan/0000-0003-0571-8719 NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.031 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 953UF UT WOS:000231105400009 ER PT J AU Lipkin, HJ AF Lipkin, HJ TI Is observed direct CP violation in B-d -> K (+)pi(-) due to new physics? Check standard model prediction of equal violation in B-s -> K-pi(+) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; B-DECAYS; MESONS; SYMMETRY; PENGUINS; PHASE; TREES AB The recently observed direct CP violation in B-d -> K+ pi(-) has raised suggestions of possible new physics. A robust test of the standard model vs. new physics is its prediction of equal direct CP violation in B-s -> K- pi(+) decay. CPT invariance requires the observed CP violation to arise from the interference between the dominant penguin amplitude and another amplitude with a different weak phase and a different strong phase. The penguin contribution to B-d -> K(+)pi(-) is known to be reduced by a CKM factor in B-s -> K(-)pi(+). Thus the two branching ratios are very different and a different CP violation is expected. But in the standard model a miracle occurs and the interfering tree diagram is enhanced by the same CKM factor that reduces the penguin to give the predicted equality. This miracle is not expected in new physics; thus a search for and measurement of the predicted CP violation in B-s -> K(-)pi(+) decay is a sensitive test for a new physics contribution. A detailed analysis shows this prediction to be robust and insensitive to symmetry breaking effects and possible additional contributions. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM ftlipkin@weizmann.ac.il NR 15 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 11 PY 2005 VL 621 IS 1-2 BP 126 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.023 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 953UF UT WOS:000231105400015 ER PT J AU Holz, DE Hughes, SA AF Holz, DE Hughes, SA TI Using gravitational-wave standard sirens SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; galaxies : nuclei; gravitational lensing; gravitational waves ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; COMPACT BINARIES; HUBBLE CONSTANT; IA SUPERNOVAE; RADIATION; PARAMETERS; LISA; UNIVERSE AB Gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive binary black hole (BBH) in-spirals are potentially powerful standard sirens (the GW analog to standard candles; see work of B. Schutz). Because these systems are well modeled, the space-based GW observatory LISA will be able to measure the luminosity distance (but not the redshift) to some distant massive BBH systems with 1%-10% accuracy. This accuracy is largely limited by pointing error: GW sources are generally poorly localized on the sky. Localizing the binary independently (e.g., through association with an electromagnetic counterpart) greatly reduces this positional error. An electromagnetic counterpart may also allow determination of the event's redshift. In this case, BBH coalescence would constitute an extremely precise (better than 1%) standard candle visible to high redshift. In practice, gravitational lensing degrades this precision, although the candle remains precise enough to provide useful information about the distance-redshift relation. Even if very rare, these GW standard sirens would complement, and increase confidence in, other standard candles. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Holz, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 53 TC 166 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1086/431341 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 952JK UT WOS:000230999600002 ER PT J AU Schekochihin, AA Cowley, SC Kulsrud, RM Hammett, GW Sharma, P AF Schekochihin, AA Cowley, SC Kulsrud, RM Hammett, GW Sharma, P TI Plasma instabilities and magnetic field growth in clusters of galaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : clusters : general; instabilities; magnetic fields; MHD; plasmas; turbulence ID COMA CLUSTER; TURBULENCE; COLLISIONLESS; ORIGIN; DYNAMO; WAVES AB We show that under very general conditions, cluster plasmas threaded by weak magnetic fields are subject to very fast growing plasma instabilities driven by the anisotropy of the plasma pressure (viscous stress) with respect to the local direction of the magnetic field. Such an anisotropy will naturally arise in any weakly magnetized plasma that has low collisionality and is subject to stirring. The magnetic field must be sufficiently weak for the instabilities to occur, viz., beta greater than or similar to Re-1/2. The instabilities are captured by the extended MHD model with Braginskii viscosity. However, their growth rates are proportional to the wavenumber down to the ion gyroscale, so MHD equations with Braginskii viscosity are not well posed and a fully kinetic treatment is necessary. The instabilities can lead to magnetic fields in clusters being amplified from seed strength of similar to 10(-18) G to dynamically important strengths of similar to 10 mu G on cosmologically trivial timescales (similar to 10(8) yr). The fields produced during the amplification stage are at scales much smaller than observed. Predicting the saturated field scale and structure will require a kinetic theory of magnetized cluster turbulence. C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, London SW7 2BW, England. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Schekochihin, AA (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. EM as629@damtp.cam.ac.uk RI Schekochihin, Alexander/C-2399-2009; Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 NR 31 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 1 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.1086/431202 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 952JK UT WOS:000230999600014 ER PT J AU Sakamoto, T Lamb, DQ Kawai, N Yoshida, A Graziani, C Fenimore, EE Donaghy, TQ Matsuoka, M Suzuki, M Ricker, G Atteia, JL Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Galassi, M Doty, J Vanderspek, R Crew, GB Villasenor, J Butler, N Prigozhin, G Jernigan, JG Barraud, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Olive, JF Hurley, K Levine, A Monnelly, G Martel, F Morgan, E Woosley, SE Cline, T Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M AF Sakamoto, T Lamb, DQ Kawai, N Yoshida, A Graziani, C Fenimore, EE Donaghy, TQ Matsuoka, M Suzuki, M Ricker, G Atteia, JL Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Galassi, M Doty, J Vanderspek, R Crew, GB Villasenor, J Butler, N Prigozhin, G Jernigan, JG Barraud, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Olive, JF Hurley, K Levine, A Monnelly, G Martel, F Morgan, E Woosley, SE Cline, T Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M TI Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID JET MODEL; ENERGY; BATSE; PERFORMANCE; UNIVERSAL; DISTRIBUTIONS; XRF-020903; AFTERGLOW; SPECTRA; CATALOG AB We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X- ray flashes (XRFs) and X- ray - rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy E(peak)(obs) of the burst spectrum in nu F(nu), the peak energy flux F(peak), and the energy fluence S(E) of XRFs are much smaller ( and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [S(E)(2 - 30 keV), S(E)(30 - 400) keV] plane, the [S(E)( 2 - 400 keV), E(peak)] plane, and the [F(peak)(50 - 300 keV), E(peak)] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon. C1 Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1578572, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Space Dev Agcy Japan, Tsukuba Space Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Natl Astron Observ, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. INAF IASF, Sez Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. Miyazaki Univ, Fac Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. RP Sakamoto, T (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. OI Boer, Michel/0000-0001-9157-4349 NR 32 TC 170 Z9 170 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 629 IS 1 BP 311 EP 327 DI 10.1086/431235 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 952JK UT WOS:000230999600030 ER PT J AU Gleckler, PJ AF Gleckler, PJ TI Surface energy balance errors in AGCMs: Implications for oceanatmosphere model coupling SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATOLOGY AB The oceanic poleward heat transport (T-O) implied by an atmospheric General Circulation Model (GCM) can help evaluate a model's readiness for coupling with an ocean GCM. A well known problem is that the sub-tropical Southern Hemisphere T-O implied by many models is equatorward, contrary to most observationally-based estimates. By correcting the T-O of a diversity of models with satellite-derived observations, an earlier study demonstrated that the dominant T-O problems could be explained by model errors in cloud radiative effects. Such errors were argued to be primarily responsible for the erroneous Southern Hemisphere T-O. However, systematic evaluation of one model in a later study suggested that the equatorward Southern Hemisphere T-O might also be attributable to biases in the ocean surface latent heat flux. In this study we revisit the problem with a more recent suite of simulations, and demonstrate that collectively models have improved, but only slightly. We then use ocean surface fluxes estimates to examine the problem from a surface point of view. Our results clarify that common model errors in the surface latent heat flux can afflict T-O as dramatically as errors in cloud radiative effects. To illustrate the relative importance of the two errors, diagnostic tests are introduced that should become increasingly useful as estimates of ocean surface fluxes are improved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gleckler, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pgleckler@llnl.gov RI Gleckler, Peter/H-4762-2012 OI Gleckler, Peter/0000-0003-2816-6224 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 15 AR L15708 DI 10.1029/2005GL023061 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 957OP UT WOS:000231380100004 ER PT J AU Henrick, AK Aslam, TD Powers, JM AF Henrick, AK Aslam, TD Powers, JM TI Mapped weighted essentially non-oscillatory schemes: Achieving optimal order near critical points SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE WENO; hyperbolic equations ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DIFFERENCE SCHEME; EQUATIONS; MONOTONICITY; SYSTEMS AB In this paper, a new fifth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme is developed, Necessary and sufficient conditions on the weights for fifth-order convergence are derived: one more condition than previously published is found. A detailed analysis reveals that the version of this scheme implemented by Jiang and Shu [G.-S. Jiang, C.-W. Shu, Efficient implementation of weighted ENO schemes, J. Comput. Phys. 126 (1996) 202 -228] is, in general, only third-order accurate at critical points. This result is verified in a simple example. The magnitude of e, a parameter which keeps the weights bounded, and the level of grid resolution are shown to determine the order of the scheme in a non-trivial way. A simple modification of the original scheme is found to be sufficient to give optimal order convergence even near critical points. This is demonstrated using the one-dimensional linear advection equation. Also, four examples utilizing the compressible Euler equations are used to demonstrate the scheme's improved behavior for practical shock capturing problems. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam Expt Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam Expt Div, MS P952, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ahenrick@nd.edu; aslam@lanl.gov; powers@nd.edu RI Powers, Joseph/A-7086-2013 OI Powers, Joseph/0000-0001-8694-8369 NR 19 TC 177 Z9 194 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 207 IS 2 BP 542 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2005.01.023 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 934LU UT WOS:000229711100007 ER PT J AU Park, HS Karpov, EG Klein, PA Liu, WK AF Park, HS Karpov, EG Klein, PA Liu, WK TI Three-dimensional bridging scale analysis of dynamic fracture SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE multiple scale simulations; bridging scale; coupling methods; molecular dynamics; finite elements; dynamic fracture; generalized Langevin equation ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM; ENRICHMENT; SOLIDS; LOCALIZATION; EQUATION AB This paper presents a three-dimensional generalization of the bridging scale concurrent method, a finite temperature multiple scale method that couples molecular dynamics (MD) to finite elements (FE). The generalizations include the numerical calculation of the boundary condition acting upon the reduced MD region, as such boundary conditions are analytically intractable for realistic three-dimensional crystal structures. The formulation retains key advantages emphasized in previous papers, particularly the compact size of the resulting time history kernel matrix. The coupled FE and reduced MD equations of motion are used to analyze dynamic fracture in a three-dimensional FCC lattice, where interesting physical phenomena such as crack branching are seen. The multiple scale results are further compared to benchmark MD simulations for verification purposes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Based Mat Modeling Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Park, HS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Based Mat Modeling Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM hpark@alumni.northwestern.edu; w-liu@northwestern.edu RI Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009; Park, Harold/B-1525-2008 OI Park, Harold/0000-0001-5365-7776 NR 30 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 207 IS 2 BP 588 EP 609 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.01.028 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 934LU UT WOS:000229711100009 ER PT J AU Tartakovsky, AM Meakin, P AF Tartakovsky, AM Meakin, P TI A smoothed particle hydrodynamics model for miscible flow in three-dimensional fractures and the two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE smoothed particle hydrodynamics; miscible flow; Rayleigh-Taylor instability; flow and transport in fractures ID POROUS-MEDIA; SIMULATION; SURFACES; DIFFUSION; INTERFACE; SPH AB A numerical model based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) hits been developed and used to simulate the classical two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability and three-dimensional miscible flow in fracture apertures with complex geometries. To model miscible flow fluid particles with variable, composition dependent, masses were used. By basing the SPH equations on the particle number density artificial surface tension effects were avoided. The simulation results for the growth of a single perturbation driven by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability compare well with numerical results obtained by Fournier et al., and the growth or a perturbation with time can be represented quite well by a second-degree polynomial, in accord with the linear stability analysis of Duff et al. The dispersion coefficient found from SPH simulation of flow and diffusion in an ideal fracture was in excellent agreement with the value predicted by the theory of Taylor and Aris. The simulations of miscible flow in fracture apertures can be used to determination dispersion coefficients for transport in fractured media - a parameter used in large-scale simulations of contaminant transport. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Tartakovsky, AM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999-MS K1-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM alexandre.tartakovsky@pnl.gov; meakp@incl.gov NR 26 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 6 U2 39 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 207 IS 2 BP 610 EP 624 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2005.02.001 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 934LU UT WOS:000229711100010 ER PT J AU Alexander, FJ Garcia, AL Tartakovsky, DM AF Alexander, FJ Garcia, AL Tartakovsky, DM TI Algorithm refinement for stochastic partial differential equations: II. Correlated systems SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LENGTH SCALES; MONTE-CARLO; FLUCTUATIONS; CONTINUUM; FLOW; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; FLUIDS; STATE; MODEL AB We analyze a hybrid particle/continuum algorithm for a hydrodynamic system with long ranged correlations. Specifically, we consider the so-called train model for viscous transport in gases, which is based on a generalization of the random walk process for the diffusion of momentum. This discrete model is coupled with its continuous counterpart, given by a pair of stochastic partial differential equations. At the interface between the particle and continuum computations the coupling is by flux matching, giving exact mass and momentum conservation. This methodology is an extension of our stochastic Algorithm Refinement (AR) hybrid for simple diffusion [F. Alexander, A. Garcia, D. Tartakovsky, Algorithm refinement for stochastic partial differential equations: I. Linear diffusion, J. Comput. Phys. 182 (2002) 47-66]. Results from a variety of numerical experiments are presented for steady-state scenarios. In all cases the mean and variance of density and velocity are captured correctly by the stochastic hybrid algorithm. For a non-stochastic version (i.e., using only deterministic continuum fluxes) the long-range correlations of velocity fluctuations are qualitatively preserved but at reduced magnitude, (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Alexander, FJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, CCS-3,MS-B256, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM fja@lanl.gov RI Tartakovsky, Daniel/E-7694-2013 NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 207 IS 2 BP 769 EP 787 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2005.02.004 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 934LU UT WOS:000229711100016 ER PT J AU Zeng, LY Balachandar, S Fischer, P AF Zeng, LY Balachandar, S Fischer, P TI Wall-induced forces on a rigid sphere at finite Reynolds number SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID LINEAR SHEAR-FLOW; LATERAL MIGRATION; TRANSVERSE FORCE; VERTICAL WALL; LIFT; PARTICLES; LIQUID; FLUID; DRAG AB We perform direct numerical simulations of a rigid sphere translating parallel to a flat wall in an otherwise quiescent ambient fluid. A spectral element method is employed to perform the simulations with high accuracy. For Re < 100, we observe the lift coefficient to decrease with both Reynolds number and distance from the wall. In this regime the present results are in good agreement with the low-Reynolds-number theory of Vasseur & Cox (1977), with the recent experiments of Takemura & Magnaudet (2003) and with the simulations of Kim et at. (1993). The most surprising result from the present simulations is that the wall-induced lift coefficient increases dramatically with increasing Re above about 100. Detailed analysis of the flow field around the sphere suggests that this increase is due to an imperfect bifurcation resulting in the formation of a double-threaded wake vortical structure. In addition to a non-rotating sphere, we also simulate a freely rotating sphere in order to assess the importance of free rotation on the translational motion of the sphere. We observe the effect of sphere rotation on lift and drag forces to be small. We also explore the effect of the wall on the onset of unsteadiness. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zeng, LY (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Balachandar, Sivaramakrishnan/E-7358-2011 NR 25 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 5 U2 35 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 536 BP 1 EP 25 DI 10.1017/S0022112005004738 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 960PR UT WOS:000231606100001 ER PT J AU Ramaprabhu, P Dimonte, G Andrews, MJ AF Ramaprabhu, P Dimonte, G Andrews, MJ TI A numerical study of the influence of initial perturbations on the turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID BUBBLE MERGER MODEL; ACCELERATION; SIMULATION; COMPUTATION; CONVECTION; SIMILARITY; LIQUID; GROWTH; SCHEME; FLUIDS AB The effect of initial conditions on the growth rate of turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) mixing has been studied using carefully formulated numerical simulations. A monotone integrated large-eddy simulation (MILES) using a finite-volume technique was employed to solve the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations with numerical dissipation. The initial conditions were chosen to test the dependence of the RT growth coefficient (alpha(b)) and the self-similar parameter (beta(b) =lambda(b)/h(b)) on (i) the amplitude, (ii) the spectral shape, (iii) the longest wavelength imposed, and (iv) mode-coupling effects. With long wavelengths present in the initial conditions, ab was found to increase logarithmically with the initial amplitudes, while beta(b) is less sensitive to amplitude variations. The simulations are in reasonable agreement with the predictions for alpha(b) from a recently proposed model, but not for beta(b). In the opposite limit where mode-coupling dominates, no such dependence on initial amplitudes is observed, and Ub takes a universal lower-bound value of similar to 0.03 +/- 0.003. This may explain the low values Of Ub reported by most numerical simulations that are initialized with annular spectra of short-wavelength modes and hence evolve purely through mode-coupling. Small-scale effects such as molecular mixing and kinetic energy dissipation showed a weak dependence on the structure of initial conditions. Initial density spectra with amplitudes distributed as k(0), k(-1) and k(-2) were used to investigate the role of the spectral slopes on the development of turbulent RT mixing. Furthermore, in a separate study, the longest wavelength imposed in the initial wavepacket was also varied to determine its effect on alpha(b). It was found that the slopes of the initial spectra, and the longest wavelength imposed had little effect on the RT growth parameters. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ramaprabhu, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 50 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 536 BP 285 EP 319 DI 10.1017/S002211200500488X PG 35 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 960PR UT WOS:000231606100013 ER PT J AU Subbiah, A Pyle, D Rowland, A Huang, J Narayanan, RA Thiyagarajan, P Zon, J Clearfield, A AF Subbiah, A Pyle, D Rowland, A Huang, J Narayanan, RA Thiyagarajan, P Zon, J Clearfield, A TI A family of microporous materials formed by Sn(IV) phosphonate nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONIUM-PHOSPHATE; PHENYLPHOSPHONATE; MECHANISM C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Wroclaw Univ Technol, Fac Chem, Div Organ Chem, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Clearfield, A (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, POB 30012, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. EM clearfield@mail.chem.tamu.edu RI Zon, Jerzy/A-1165-2008; Clearfield, Abraham/D-4184-2015 OI Clearfield, Abraham/0000-0001-8318-8122 NR 15 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 31 BP 10826 EP 10827 DI 10.1021/ja052472p PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 953BZ UT WOS:000231052100027 PM 16076177 ER PT J AU Perera, SA Rozyczko, PB Bartlett, RJ Hirata, S AF Perera, SA Rozyczko, PB Bartlett, RJ Hirata, S TI Improving the performance of direct coupled cluster analytical gradients algorithms SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; IMPLEMENTATION AB The exibility offered by the coupled cluster (CC) energy functional is exploited to solve for the CC T amplitudes and the CC response Lambda amplitudes simultaneously as opposed to the traditional two-stage (first for T and then for Lambda for the converged T) approach. We have shown numerically that the proposed scheme does not suffer from convergence failures or unmanageable increases in cost. The potential advantages of the proposed scheme for integral direct atomic orbital basis set CC formulations are discussed. C1 Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pacific NW Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Perera, SA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM perera@qtp.ufl.edu RI Bartlett, Rodney/F-6781-2011 OI Bartlett, Rodney/0000-0003-3865-9639 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 15-16 BP 2081 EP 2083 DI 10.1080/00268970500137303 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945EQ UT WOS:000230485700011 ER PT J AU Watts, JD Dupuis, M AF Watts, JD Dupuis, M TI A coupled-cluster analysis of the photoelectron spectrum of FeCl3- SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SHELL HARTREE-FOCK; ANO BASIS-SETS; ATOMS; SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION; GRADIENTS; ENERGIES; SINGLES AB Coupled-cluster calculations including effects of connected triple excitations have been performed on the ground state of FeCl3- and several electronic states of FeCl3. The vertical electron detachment energies closely correspond to the band energies of the photoelectron spectrum recently obtained by Yang et al. [ Yang et al. J. chem. Phys., 119, 8311 ( 2003).], and thus provide a possible assignment of the spectrum. C1 Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. Jackson State Univ, Ctr Mol Struct & Interact, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Watts, JD (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 17910, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. EM watts@chem.jsums.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 15-16 BP 2223 EP 2227 DI 10.1080/00268970500084117 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945EQ UT WOS:000230485700026 ER PT J AU Hirata, S Valiev, M Dupuis, M Xantheas, SS Sugiki, S Sekino, H AF Hirata, S Valiev, M Dupuis, M Xantheas, SS Sugiki, S Sekino, H TI Fast electron correlation methods for molecular clusters in the ground and excited states SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MIXED-HAMILTONIAN MODEL; LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS; SPHERICAL TENSOR THEORY; SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; 1ST 3 ORDERS; APPROXIMATE COMPUTATIONAL METHOD; TRANSFERABLE INTERACTION MODELS; COUPLED-CLUSTER; AB-INITIO AB An efficient and accurate electronic structure method for clusters of weakly interacting molecules has been proposed, on the basis of the pair-interaction method of Kitaura et al., and combined with density functional, many-body perturbation, coupled-cluster, equation-of-motion coupled-cluster, configuration-interaction singles, and time-dependent density functional theories. The method retains the one- and two-body ( and, if necessary, also three-body) Coulomb, exchange, and correlation energies exactly and higher-order Coulomb energies in the leading order of multipole expansion ( hence the dipole polarization or induction effects). The latter makes the combination of this method with existing implementations of any electronic structure theory extremely easy. It typically recovers the total energies within 0.001%, binding energies within a few kilocalories per mole, and excitation energies within a few hundredths of an electron volt of the conventional implementations. The size dependence of the computational cost of the method is asymptotically linear for total energies and constant for excitation energies. The method has been applied to the total energies of water clusters, to the total energies of zwitterionic and neutral glycine - water clusters, and to the excitation energies of formaldehyde - water clusters. The largest calculation was performed at an equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles level for a formaldehyde -( H2O) 81 cluster containing 247 atoms that predicted the solvatochromic shift of 1360 cm(-1) in the lowest transition energy of formaldehyde in water. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Toyohashi Univ Technol, Dept Knowledge Based Informat Engn, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan. RP Hirata, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM hirata@qtp.ufl.edu RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 78 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 15-16 BP 2255 EP 2265 DI 10.1080/00268970500083788 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945EQ UT WOS:000230485700030 ER PT J AU Farrer, JK Johnson, MT Bentley, J Carter, CB AF Farrer, JK Johnson, MT Bentley, J Carter, CB TI Epitactic formation of forsterite on MgO single crystals during vacuum annealing SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TEM; EELS; PEELS; magnesium oxides; single-crystal surfaces ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS; GRAIN-GROWTH; HETEROEPITACTIC GROWTH; MAGNESIUM PEROXIDE; ALPHA-ALUMINA; SURFACE; OXIDE; SEGREGATION; NUCLEATION; INTERFACES AB Specimens of {0 0 1} MgO, prepared for analysis in the transmission electron microscope (TEM), have been heated in situ in a conventional TEM in order to study the effect of different heat treatments on the surface of the MgO specimens. A previous study, using a similar in situ heat treatment of MgO, found that at elevated temperatures (similar to 500 K) a film of different structure and composition formed on the surface of the sample. The previous study concluded that the composition and structure corresponded to that of MgO2. In the present study, similar results to those shown previously have been found. However, the interpretation of these results is quite different. The films are shown to be of a composition and crystal structure that is consistent with forsterite, Mg2SiO4. The films can form as a result of contamination during the high-temperature in situ annealing process. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Seagate Technol, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carter, CB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 151 Amundson Hall,421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM carter@cems.umn.edu RI Carter, C. Barry/E-6478-2010 OI Carter, C. Barry/0000-0003-4251-9102 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 587 IS 3 BP 205 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.05.020 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 953NA UT WOS:000231081900007 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Williams, JR Henderson, MA Joly, AG Varela, M Pennycook, SJ AF Chambers, SA Williams, JR Henderson, MA Joly, AG Varela, M Pennycook, SJ TI Structure, band offsets and photochemistry at epitaxial alpha-Cr2O3/alpha-Fe2O3 heterojunctions SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE photocatalysis; heterojunctions; epitaxial ID PRECISE DETERMINATION; TITANIUM-OXIDE; VISIBLE-LIGHT; SEMICONDUCTOR; INTERFACE; ALPHA-FE2O3; SURFACE; OXYGEN; FE2O3; WATER AB We test the hypothesis that electron-hole pair separation following light absorption enhances photochemistry at oxide/oxide heterojunctions which exhibit a type II or staggered band alignment. We have used hole-mediated photodecomposition of trimethyl acetic acid chemisorbed on surfaces of heterojunctions made from epitaxial alpha-Cr2O3 on alpha-Fe2O3(0001) to monitor the effect of UV light of wavelength 385 nm (3.2 eV) in promoting photodissociation. Absorption of photons of energies between the bandgaps of alpha-Cr2O3 (E-g = 4.8 eV) and alpha-Fe2O3 (E-g = 2.1 eV) is expected to be strong only in the alpha-Fe2O3 layer. The staggered band alignment should then promote the segregation of holes (electrons) to the alpha-Cr2O3 (alpha-Fe2O3) layer. Surprisingly, we find that the alpha-Cr2O3 surface alone promotes photodissociation of the molecule at hv = 3.2 eV, and that any effect of the staggered band alignment, if present, is masked. We propose that the inherent photoactivity of the alpha-Cr2O3(0001) surface results from the creation of bound excitons in the surface which destabilize the chemisorption bond in the molecule, resulting in photodecomposition. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, 3335 Q Ave, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sa.chambers@pnl.gov RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014 OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004 NR 24 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 587 IS 3 BP L197 EP L207 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.05.015 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 953NA UT WOS:000231081900002 ER PT J AU Loftin, IR Franke, S Roberts, SA Weichsel, A Heroux, A Montfort, WR Rensing, C McEvoy, MM AF Loftin, IR Franke, S Roberts, SA Weichsel, A Heroux, A Montfort, WR Rensing, C McEvoy, MM TI A novel copper-binding fold for the periplasmic copper resistance protein CusF SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OB-FOLD; REPLICATION PROTEIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NICKEL RESISTANCE; HOMEOSTASIS; TRAFFICKING; SENSITIVITY; MECHANISM AB We have determined the crystal structure of apo-CusF, a periplasmic protein involved in copper and silver resistance in Escherichia coli. The protein forms a five-stranded beta-barrel, classified as an OB-fold, which is a unique topology for a copper-binding protein. NMR chemical shift mapping experiments suggest that Cu(I) is bound by conserved residues H36, M47, and M49 located in beta-strands 2 and 3. These residues are clustered at one end of the beta-barrel, and their side chains are oriented toward the interior of the barrel. Cu(I) can be modeled into the apo-CusF structure with only minimal structural changes using H36, M47, and M49 as ligands. The unique structure and metal binding site of CusF are distinct from those of previously characterized copper-binding proteins. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McEvoy, MM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, 1041 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mcevoy@email.arizona.edu RI Rensing, Christopher/D-3947-2011 OI Rensing, Christopher/0000-0002-5012-7953 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL62969] NR 57 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 31 BP 10533 EP 10540 DI 10.1021/bi050827b PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 951ZX UT WOS:000230972000011 PM 16060662 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Garcia, M Wang, XQ Belver, C Iglesias-Juez, A Hanson, JC Rodriguez, JA AF Fernandez-Garcia, M Wang, XQ Belver, C Iglesias-Juez, A Hanson, JC Rodriguez, JA TI Ca doping of nanosize Ce-Zr and Ce-Tb solid solutions: Structural and electronic effects SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN HANDLING PROPERTIES; TERBIUM MIXED OXIDES; X-RAY; 3-WAY CATALYSTS; METAL OXIDES; PLANE-WAVE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POWDER DIFFRACTION AB Ceria-based ternary oxides are novel materials with potential use in many areas of chemistry, physics, and materials science. Synchrotron-based time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TR-XRD), X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), Raman and infrared spectroscopies (RS and IR), and density-functional (DF) calculations were used to study the structural and electronic properties of Ce-M-Ca (M = Zr, Tb) oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized following novel microemulsion and citrate methods and had sizes in the range of 3-6 nm. The atoms in these nanoparticles adopted a Fluorite-type structure and exhibited cell parameters with deviations with respect to the values predicted by Vegard's rule for ideal solid solutions. The simultaneous presence of Zr/Tb and Ca creates strain in the Fluorite-type lattice which correlates with the presence and number of oxygen vacancies through the Ce-M-Ca samples. The oxygen vacancy and cation distributions of the nanoparticles are strongly affected by the preparation method. The XANES/density-functional theory study indicates that Ce-M-Ca solid solutions display distinctive electronic properties. In the Ce-Zr-Ca system, the Zr(4d) splitting into t(2g) and e(g) orbitals is affected by the presence of Ca, leaving the Ce orbitals mostly unaffected. This is a consequence of the local environment of the Zr cations, which is modified from a monoclinic-like to a tetragonal (C) symmetry as the Ca content rises. In Ce-Tb-Ca solid solutions, there is a progressive stabilization of the fully oxidized Tb state (Tb(4+)) as the Ca content increases, mainly to minimize the strain of the structure. In both systems, Ca(2+)<-> O(2)<-> M(n+) interactions play a major role in the structural and electronic properties and are critical to interpret the thermal behavior of the materials. C1 CSIC, Inst Catalisis & Petroleoquim, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fernandez-Garcia, M (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Catalisis & Petroleoquim, Campus Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos/A-8122-2014; Belver, Carolina/B-9306-2012; Iglesias-Juez, Ana/K-6048-2014 OI Belver, Carolina/0000-0003-2590-3225; Iglesias-Juez, Ana/0000-0002-1218-5490 NR 74 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 16 BP 4181 EP 4193 DI 10.1021/cm050265i PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 952YU UT WOS:000231043200025 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZM Chen, TL Gu, Y Warren, J Osgood, RM AF Zhu, ZM Chen, TL Gu, Y Warren, J Osgood, RM TI Zinc oxide nanowires grown by vapor-phase transport using selected metal catalysts: A comparative study SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES; ZNO; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; NANOTUBES; CHEMISTRY; NANORODS; PHYSICS AB We report a comparative study of metal-surface-catalyzed ZnO nanowire growth. The growth is initiated on Si and sapphire substrates, which were prepared with thermal vapor deposited thin metallic films. As described earlier for Au films, these films may change morphology at growth temperatures and catalyze ZnO nanowire growth. Here we use materials diagnostics based on synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, photo luminescence, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to compare the growth from Au, Ag, Fe, and Ni catalysts. We relate the materials properties of the ZnO nanowires to the substrate and catalyst surface structure and comment on the possible growth modes using each of these metal catalysts. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM osgood@columbia.edu NR 32 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 16 BP 4227 EP 4234 DI 10.1021/cm050584+ PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 952YU UT WOS:000231043200030 ER PT J AU Lufaso, MW Hopkins, E Bell, SM Llobet, A AF Lufaso, MW Hopkins, E Bell, SM Llobet, A TI Crystal chemistry and microwave dielectric properties of Ba3MNb2-xSbxO9 (M = Mg, Ni, Zn) SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PEROVSKITES; CERAMICS; OXIDES; SR; PERMITTIVITY; CATIONS; BA; NB; CA AB The effect of Sb5+ substitution on the crystal chemistry and dielectric properties of Ba3MNb2-xSbxO9 (M = Mg, Zn, Ni) was investigated using a combination of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction, and dielectric property measurements at microwave frequencies. Rietveld refinements were carried out to characterize the crystal structures of Ba3ZnSb2O9 and Ba3MgSb2O9, which have a 6H-BaTiO3-type structure. Analyses of X-ray diffraction data of intermediate compositions evolve from a 2:1 ordered perovskite solid solution, to a two-phase ordered perovskite and 6H region, and also a 6H solid-solution for increasing Sb-content. Analysis of the bond distances indicates that the significant strain present in the 2:1 ordered perovskites is relieved in the 6H structure. Differences in the bonding preferences between the Nb5+ (do) and Sb5+ (d(10)), combined with small changes in the ionic radii, influence the observed crystal chemistry. The magnitude and temperature dependence of the dielectric constant were lowest for compounds in the perovskite solid solution range with intermediate Sb5+ contents. Ba3MgNb1.75Sb0.25O9 (epsilon > 25, tau(f) approximate to 6 ppm K-1, and Qf > 96 000 GHz) and Ba3ZnNb1.625Sb0.375O9 (epsilon > 33, tau(f) approximate to-3 ppm K-1, and Qf > 44 900 GHz) display useful dielectric properties, rendering these materials suitable as lower-cost and lower-processing-temperature alternatives to perovskite tantalate ceramics. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. TSI Ceram Inc, Hagerstown, MD USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lufaso, MW (reprint author), Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC USA. EM lufaso@mail.chem.sc.edu RI Llobet, Anna/B-1672-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Lufaso, Michael/A-8400-2009 OI Lufaso, Michael/0000-0001-7842-6982 NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 16 BP 4250 EP 4255 DI 10.1021/cm050631y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 952YU UT WOS:000231043200033 ER PT J AU Berchtold, KA Randolph, TW Bowman, CN AF Berchtold, KA Randolph, TW Bowman, CN TI Propagation and termination kinetics of cross-linking photopolymerizations studied using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with near IR spectroscopy SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID FREE-RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; LENGTH DEPENDENT TERMINATION; SPIN-RESONANCE; CHAIN-LENGTH; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); REACTION-DIFFUSION; MIDCHAIN RADICALS; TRAPPED RADICALS; HIGH-CONVERSION; ESR SPECTRA AB The use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in conjunction with Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy to address the complexities associated with the accurate measurement and evaluation of cross-linking polymerization kinetics over the entire conversion range is explored. Experimental protocols are developed providing a more complete picture of the mechanistic and kinetic underpinnings of these radical polymerizations, accessing information that is otherwise unavailable to these techniques individually. The kinetics of two multimethaerylate polymerization systems, one forming a rubbery and the other a glassy polymer network, are compared and contrasted revealing numerous differences in their attributes as characterized by this experimental combination. Steady-state and unsteady-state radical concentration profiles, propagating radical environments during polymerization, and persistent radical populations are explored and utilized to evaluate the underlying propagation and termination kinetics. Subsequently, kinetic parameters obtained with EPR and EPR/FT-NIR are compared with those obtained independently from FT-NIR, enabling evaluation of the assumptions that underlie each technique. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Restorat Dent, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Bowman, CN (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Christopher.Bowman@colorado.edu RI Bowman, Christopher/B-1490-2008; randolph, theodore/A-3301-2013 OI Bowman, Christopher/0000-0001-8458-7723; NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 16 BP 6954 EP 6964 DI 10.1021/ma0506482 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 952CD UT WOS:000230978500032 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RS Chinn, SC Solyom, D Cohenour, R AF Maxwell, RS Chinn, SC Solyom, D Cohenour, R TI Radiation-induced cross-linking in a silica-filled silicone elastomer as investigated by multiple quantum H-1 NMR SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL DIPOLAR COUPLINGS; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL-RUBBER; MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS; SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LINKED ELASTOMERS; POLYMER MELTS; ORDER AB DC745 is a commercially available silicone elastomer consisting of dimethyl, methyl-phenyl, find vinyl-methyl siloxane monomers cross-linked with a peroxide vinyl specific curing agent. It is generally considered to age gracefully and to be resistant to chemical and thermally harsh environments. However, little data exist on the radiation resistance of this commonly used silicone elastomer. We report statie H-1 NMR studies of residual dipolar couplings in DC745 solid elastomers subject to exposure to ionizing gamma radiation. H-1 spin-echo NMR data shows that with increasing dose the segmental dynamics decrease is consistent with radiatively induced cross-linking, H-1 multiple quantum NMR was used to assess changes in the network structure and observed the presence of a bimodal distribution of residual dipolar couplings, , that were dose dependent. The domain with the lower has been assigned to the polymer network while the domain with the higher has been assigned to polymer chains interacting with the inorganic filler surfaces. In samples exposed to radiation, the residual dipolar couplings in both reservoirs were observed to increase, and the populations were observed to be dose dependent. The NMR results are compared to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a two-step solvent swelling technique. The solvent swelling data lend support to the interpretation of the NMR results, and the DSC data show both a decrease in the melt temperature and the heat of fusion with cumulative dose, consistent with radiative cross-linking. In addition, DSC thermograms obtained following a 3 h isothermal soak at -40 degrees C showed the presence of a second melt feature at T-m similar to -70 degrees C consistent with a network domain with significantly reduced segmental motion. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Honeywell Inc, Fed Mfg & Technol, Kansas City, MO 64141 USA. RP Maxwell, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM maxwell7@llnl.gov RI Chinn, Sarah/E-1195-2011 NR 42 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 16 BP 7026 EP 7032 DI 10.1021/ma047625s PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 952CD UT WOS:000230978500040 ER PT J AU Abuzaina, FM Patel, AJ Mochrie, S Narayanan, S Sandy, A Garetz, BA Balsara, NP AF Abuzaina, FM Patel, AJ Mochrie, S Narayanan, S Sandy, A Garetz, BA Balsara, NP TI Structure and phase behavior of block copolymer melts near the sphere-cylinder boundary SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; DEPOLARIZED LIGHT-SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; ASYMMETRIC DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; TO-LAMELLAR TRANSITION; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; SHEAR-FLOW; POLYISOPRENE COPOLYMERS; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; POLYSTYRENE AB The phase behavior of a poly(styrene-block-isoprene) copolymer (SI) with styrene volume fraction f = 0.18 was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), optical birefringence, and rheology conducted under quiescent conditions and under the influence of shear now. This sample is located at the border between ordered spheres and ordered cylinders, Near the order disorder transition, SI block copolymers with f < 0.18 form ordered spheres while those with f = 0.18 form ordered cylinders, Our sample exhibits a phase transition from ordered cylinders to disordered micelles at 70 +/-. 2 degrees C. The cylinder phase obtained by a quiescent quench is highly defective and thus cannot be detected using birefringence, However, birefringence measurements made in the presence of shear now and high-resolution SAXS measurements on both quiescent and sheared samples confirm the presence of ordered cylinder,;, The data obtained from our sample differs qualitatively from all previously published data on SI copolymers with f = 0.18. We show that the phase behavior. near the sphere-cylinder boundary, depends, on all three thermodynamic parameters: f, chi, and N and not just f and chi N, as is usually the case. This dependence on f, chi, and N is ascribed to fluctuation effects and the presence of micelles in the disordered phase, By combining the data presented here with previous results in the literature, we estimate the range of compositions over which disordered micelles are obtained in SI copolymer melts. C1 Polytech Univ, Othmer Dept Chem & Biol Sci & Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy & Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Polytech Univ, Othmer Dept Chem & Biol Sci & Engn, 6 Metrotech Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 16 BP 7090 EP 7097 DI 10.1021/ma047540r PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 952CD UT WOS:000230978500047 ER PT J AU Barenblatt, GI Chorin, AJ Prostokishin, VM AF Barenblatt, GI Chorin, AJ Prostokishin, VM TI A note concerning the Lighthill "sandwich model" of tropical cyclones SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE ocean spray; turbulence in stratified fluids AB The basic element of Lighthill's "sandwich model" of tropical cyclones is the existence of "ocean spray," a layer intermediate between air and sea made up of a cloud of droplets that can be viewed as a "third fluid." We propose a mathematical model of the flow in the ocean spray based on a semiempirical turbulence theory and demonstrate that the availability of the ocean spray over the waves in the ocean can explain the tremendous acceleration of the wind as a consequence of the reduction of the turbulence intensity by droplets. This explanation complements the thermodynamic arguments proposed by Lighthill. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Moscow 117218, Russia. RP Barenblatt, GI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gibarenblatt@lbi.gov OI Prostokishin, Valeriy/0000-0001-6185-9642 NR 7 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11148 EP 11150 DI 10.1073/pnas.0505209102 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400006 PM 16049097 ER PT J AU Schwartz, P Adalsteinsson, D Colella, P Arkin, AP Onsum, M AF Schwartz, P Adalsteinsson, D Colella, P Arkin, AP Onsum, M TI Numerical computation of diffusion on a surface SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED BOUNDARY METHOD; LEVEL SET METHOD; PROPAGATING INTERFACES; HEAT-EQUATION; FRONTS AB We present a numerical method for computing diffusive transport on a surface derived from image data. Our underlying discretization method uses a Cartesian grid embedded boundary method for computing the volume transport in a region consisting of all points a small distance from the surface. We obtain a representation of this region from image data by using a front propagation computation based on level set methods for solving the Hamilton-Jacobi and eikonal equations. We demonstrate that the method is second-order accurate in space and time and is capable of computing solutions on complex surface geometries obtained from image data of cells. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Math, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Engn Mech, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Colella, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM poschwartz@lbl.gov; pcolella@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11151 EP 11156 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504953102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400007 PM 16076952 ER PT J AU Yang, LC McRae, R Henary, MM Patel, R Lai, B Vogt, S Fahrni, CJ AF Yang, LC McRae, R Henary, MM Patel, R Lai, B Vogt, S Fahrni, CJ TI Imaging of the intracellular topography of copper with a fluorescent sensor and by synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE photoinduced electron transfer; metal exchange kinetics; dynamic NMR; microprobe x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy ID TRAFFICKING PROTEINS; EXCHANGE KINETICS; TRANSITION-METALS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; COMPLEXES; DISEASE; COORDINATION; ABSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; ZINC AB Copper is an essential micronutrient that plays a central role for a broad range of biological processes. Although there is compelling evidence that the intracellular milieu does not contain any free copper ions, the rapid kinetics of copper uptake and release suggests the presence of a labile intracellular copper pool. To elucidate the subcellular localization of this pool, we have synthesized and characterized a membrane-permeable, copper-selective fluorescent sensor (CTAP-1). Upon addition of Cu(I), the sensor exhibits a 4.6-fold emission enhancement and reaches a quantum yield of 14%. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity toward Cu(I), and its emission response is not compromised by the presence of millimolar concentrations of Ca(II) or Mg(II) ions. Variable temperature dynamic NMR studies revealed a rapid Cu(I) self-exchange equilibrium with a low activation barrier of Delta G(double dagger) = 44 kJ(.)mol(-1) and k(obs) similar to 10(5) s(-1) at room temperature. Mouse fibroblast cells (3T3) incubated with the sensor produced a copper-dependent perinuclear staining pattern, which colocalizes with the subcellular locations of mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus. To evaluate and confirm the sensor's copper-selectivity, we determined the subcellular topography of copper by synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, microprobe x-ray absorption measurements at various subcellular locations showed a near-edge feature that is characteristic for low-coordinate monovalent copper but does not resemble the published spectra for metallothionein or glutathione. The presented data provide a coherent picture with strong evidence for a kinetically labile copper pool, which is predominantly localized in the mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facilities Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fahrni, CJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, 770 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM fahrni@chemistry.gatech.edu RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013 OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK068096, R01DK68096]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM067169, R01GM067169] NR 46 TC 232 Z9 239 U1 2 U2 58 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11179 EP 11184 DI 10.1073/pnas.0406547102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400012 PM 16061820 ER PT J AU Maxwell, KL Reed, P Zhang, RG Beasley, S Walmsley, AR Curtis, FA Joachimiak, A Edwards, AM Sharples, GJ AF Maxwell, KL Reed, P Zhang, RG Beasley, S Walmsley, AR Curtis, FA Joachimiak, A Edwards, AM Sharples, GJ TI Functional similarities between phage lambda Orf and Escherichia coli RecFOR in initiation of genetic exchange SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage; DNA repair; genetic recombination; NinB ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; BACTERIOPHAGE-LAMBDA; BINDING-PROTEIN; RECR PROTEINS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; BETA-PROTEIN; GAPPED DNA; REPAIR; PURIFICATION; REPLICATION AB Genetic recombination in bacteriophage lambda relies on DNA end processing by Exo to expose 3'-tailed strands for annealing and exchange by beta protein. Phage lambda encodes an additional recombinase, Orf, which participates in the early stages of recombination by supplying a function equivalent to the Escherichia coli RecFOR complex. These host enzymes assist loading of the RecA strand exchange protein onto ssDNA coated with ssDNA-binding protein. In this study, we purified the Orf protein, analyzed its biochemical properties, and determined its crystal structure at 2.5 angstrom. The homodimeric Orf protein is arranged as a toroid with a shallow U-shaped cleft, lined with basic residues, running perpendicular to the central cavity. Orf binds DNA, favoring single-stranded over duplex and with no obvious preference for gapped, T-tailed, or 5'-tailed substrates. An interaction between Orf and ssDNA-binding protein was indicated by far Western analysis. The functional similarities between Orf and RecFOR are discussed in relation to the early steps of recombinational exchange and the interplay between phage and bacterial recombinases. C1 Univ Durham, Wolfson Res Inst, Ctr Infect Dis, Durham TS17 6BH, England. Univ Toronto, Ontario Canc Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, MW Ctr Struct Genom & Struct Biol, Argonne, IL 60440 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Sharples, GJ (reprint author), Univ Durham, Wolfson Res Inst, Ctr Infect Dis, Queens Campus, Durham TS17 6BH, England. EM gary.sharples@durham.ac.uk RI Sharples, Gary/B-8638-2016 OI Sharples, Gary/0000-0003-2495-0062 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/C514523/1]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62414, P50 GM062414, P50 GM062414-02] NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11260 EP 11265 DI 10.1073/pnas.0503399102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400026 PM 16076958 ER PT J AU Sozinova, O Jiang, Y Kaiser, D Alber, M AF Sozinova, O Jiang, Y Kaiser, D Alber, M TI A three-dimensional model of myxobacterial aggregation by contact-mediated interactions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cell aggregation; cellular automata; collective behavior; myxobacteria; pattern formation ID FRUITING BODY MORPHOGENESIS; MYXOCOCCUS-XANTHUS; DICTYOSTELIUM-DISCOIDEUM; PATTERN-FORMATION; SELF-ORGANIZATION; DIFFERENTIATION; BACTERIA; DYNAMICS; GROWTH; COLONY AB Myxobacteria provide one of the simplest models of cell-cell interaction and organized cell movement leading to cellular differentiation. When starved, tens of thousands of cells change their movement pattern from outward spreading to inward concentration; they form aggregates that become fruiting bodies. Cells inside fruiting bodies differentiate into round, nonmotile, environmentally resistant spores. Traditionally, cell aggregation has been considered to imply chemotaxis; a long-range cell interaction. However, myxobacterial aggregation is the consequence of direct cell-contact interactions, not chemotaxis. We present here a 3D stochastic lattice-gas cellular automata model of cell aggregation based on local cell-cell contact, and no chemotaxis. We demonstrate that a 3D discrete stochastic model can simulate two stages of cell aggregation. First, a "traffic jam" forms embedded in a field of motile cells. The jam then becomes an aggregation center that accumulates more cells. We show that, at high cell density, cells stream around the traffic jam, generating a 3D hemispherical mound. Later, when the nuclear traffic jam dissolves, the aggregation center becomes a 3D ring of streaming cells. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Math, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Study Biocomplex, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Alber, M (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Math, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM malber@nd.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R37 GM023441, GM23441] NR 32 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11308 EP 11312 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504259102 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400034 PM 16061806 ER PT J AU Vodovar, N Vinals, M Liehl, P Basset, A Degrouard, J Spellman, P Boccard, F Lemaitre, B AF Vodovar, N Vinals, M Liehl, P Basset, A Degrouard, J Spellman, P Boccard, F Lemaitre, B TI Drosophila host defense after oral infection by an entomopathogenic Pseudomonas species SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE innate immunity; microarray; host-microbe interaction ID INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; PEPTIDOGLYCAN RECOGNITION; PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; KAPPA-B; AERUGINOSA; BACTERIA; SYSTEM; ACTIVATION; MODEL AB Drosophila has been shown to be a valuable model for the investigation of host-pathogen interactions. Study of the Drosophila immune response has been hampered, however, by the lack of true Drosophila pathogens. In nearly all studies reported, the bacteria used were directly injected within the body cavity of the insect, bypassing the initial steps of a natural interaction. Here, we report the identification of a previously uncharacterized bacterial species, Pseudomonas entomophila (Pe), which has the capacity to induce the systemic expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila after ingestion. In contrast to previously identified bacteria, Pe is highly pathogenic to both Drosophila larvae and adults, and its persistence in larvae leads to a massive destruction of gut cells. Using this strain, we have analyzed the modulation of the larval transcriptome upon bacterial infection. We found that natural infection by Pe induces a dramatic change in larval gene expression. In addition to immunity genes, our study identifies many genes associated with Pe pathogenesis that have been previously unreported. C1 CNRS, Ctr Genet Mol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR 8080, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lemaitre, B (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Genet Mol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM lemaitre@cgm.cnrs-gif.fr RI Marion-Poll, Frederic/D-8882-2011; OI Marion-Poll, Frederic/0000-0001-6824-0180; Liehl, Peter/0000-0002-8040-2303; Vodovar, Nicolas/0000-0001-8087-387X; Lemaitre, Bruno/0000-0001-7970-1667 NR 26 TC 191 Z9 199 U1 2 U2 26 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 9 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 32 BP 11414 EP 11419 DI 10.1073/pnas.0502240102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955UP UT WOS:000231253400052 PM 16061818 ER PT J AU Kang, K Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR AF Kang, K Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR TI Alignment and analyses of MnBi/Bi nanostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND; NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURE PHASE; FILMS; SOLIDIFICATION; COMPOSITE; FIELD AB A Mn5Bi95 alloy was rapidly solidified into a mixture of nanocrystalline Bi and metastable Bi(Mn). Heating the ribbons to temperature T=525 K in a dc magnetic field causes formation and c-axis alignment of low-temperature phase (LTP) MnBi nanorods along the applied field direction. Nanorod alignment increases with increased magnetic field, with a calculated alignment half-angle of 47 degrees for a sample heated to 520 K at 50 kOe. In situ magnetization changes suggest that nanorod alignment is achieved by rotation of MnBi particles. Particle alignment enables the measurement of the MnBi nanorod spin reorientation temperature of 100 K, the same as its bulk counterpart. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kang, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kkang@bnl.gov OI Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 6 AR 062505 DI 10.1063/1.2008368 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 952PB UT WOS:000231016900047 ER PT J AU Kozub, VI Vinokur, V AF Kozub, VI Vinokur, V TI Effect of bias on indirect exchange within magnetic nanostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LAYER AB We formulate a theory of a reversible switching of the magnetic state of magnetic multilayers embedded in the metallic nanoconstriction by the external bias. The switching is related to the effect of strongly nonequilibrium electron distribution existing in the biased nanoconstriction on the indirect exchange coupling between the magnetic layers. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kozub, VI (reprint author), AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. EM vinokur@msd.anl.gov RI Kozub, Veniamin/E-4017-2014 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 6 AR 062507 DI 10.1063/1.2009810 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 952PB UT WOS:000231016900049 ER PT J AU Shao, L Nastasi, M AF Shao, L Nastasi, M TI Methods for the accurate analysis of channeling Rutherford backscattering spectrometry SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS; SILICON AB The accuracy of quantitative analysis of disorder profiles in monocrystalline solids by using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry has been limited by the issues that: (1) the stopping power of channeled and nonchanneled particles differ substantially; (2) the backscattering of channeled particles from displaced atoms is hard to separate from the backscattering of dechanneled particles. In this study, we have developed a systematic approach to solve these problems by using (1) channeling stopping power to describe energy loss of incident beams for an accurate energy-depth conversion; and (2) an improved iteration process to separate the yield contribution from dechanneled ions. The unique iterative process developed in this study is able to accurately calculate the dechanneling fraction, the direct backscattering fraction and the dechanneling cross section. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shao, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lshao@mailaps.org NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 6 AR 064103 DI 10.1063/1.2007861 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 952PB UT WOS:000231016900072 ER PT J AU Yuzvinsky, TD Fennimore, AM Mickelson, W Esquivias, C Zettl, A AF Yuzvinsky, TD Fennimore, AM Mickelson, W Esquivias, C Zettl, A TI Precision cutting of nanotubes with a low-energy electron beam (vol 86, pg 053109, 2005) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yuzvinsky, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Mickelson, Willi/D-8813-2013; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; OI Mickelson, Willi/0000-0002-6398-6212; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Yuzvinsky, Thomas/0000-0001-5708-2877 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 6 AR 069902 DI 10.1063/1.2000345 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 952PB UT WOS:000231016900078 ER PT J AU Zhang, K Weertman, JR Eastman, JA AF Zhang, K Weertman, JR Eastman, JA TI Rapid stress-driven grain coarsening in nanocrystalline Cu at ambient and cryogenic temperatures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COPPER AB There have been long-standing concerns about the stability of the internal structure of nanocrystalline metals. In this letter we examine grain growth in nanocrystalline Cu under the microhardness indenter, examining the influence of temperature of indentation and sample purity. Surprisingly, it is found that grain coarsening is even faster at cryogenic temperatures than at room temperature. Sample purity is seen to play an important role in determining the rate of grain growth. Fast grain coarsening can affect the outcome of mechanical tests, especially if they involve large stresses and high-purity samples. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60434 USA. RP Zhang, K (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM jrweertman@northwestern.edu RI Weertman, Julia/B-7540-2009; Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011 NR 9 TC 226 Z9 229 U1 13 U2 66 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 6 AR 061921 DI 10.1063/1.2008377 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 952PB UT WOS:000231016900035 ER PT J AU Smith, MC Xiao, YM Wang, HX George, SJ Coucouvanis, D Koutmos, M Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Zhao, JY Cramer, SP AF Smith, MC Xiao, YM Wang, HX George, SJ Coucouvanis, D Koutmos, M Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Zhao, JY Cramer, SP TI Normal-mode analysis of FeCl4- and Fe2S2Cl42- via vibrational Mossbauer, resonance Raman, and FT-IR spectroscopies SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SULFIDE-THIOLATE DIMERS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; X-RAY-SCATTERING; INORGANIC DERIVATIVES; SULFUR PROTEINS; COMPLETE SET; SPECTRA; DYNAMICS; RUBREDOXIN AB [NEt4][FeCl4], [P(C6H5)(4)][FeCl4], and [NEt4](2)[Fe2S2Cl4] have been examined using Fe-57 nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS). These complexes serve as simple models for Fe-S clusters in metalloproteins. The Fe-57 partial vibrational density of states (PVDOS) spectra were interpreted by computation of the normal modes assuming Urey-Bradley force fields, using additional information from infrared and Raman spectra, Previously published force constants were used as initial values; the new constraints from NRVS frequencies and amplitudes were then used to refine the force field parameters in a nonlinear least-squares analysis. The normal-mode calculations were able to quantitatively reproduce both the frequencies and the amplitudes of the intramolecular-mode Fe-57 PVDOS. The optimized force constants for bending, stretching, and nonbonded interactions agree well with previously reported values. In addition, the NRVS technique also allowed clear observation of anion-cation lattice modes below 100 cm(-1) that are nontrivial to observe by conventional spectroscopies. These features were successfully reproduced, either by assuming whole-body motions of point-mass anions and cations or by simulations using all of the atoms in the unit cell, The advantages of a combined NRVS, Raman, and IR approach to characterization of Fe-S complexes are discussed. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Coucouvanis, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dcouc@umich.edu; spcramer@ucdavis.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-33080, GM-44380/EB001962, GM-65440] NR 52 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5562 EP 5570 DI 10.1021/ic0482584 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900007 PM 16060605 ER PT J AU Mudring, AV Corbett, JD AF Mudring, AV Corbett, JD TI Importance of cations in the properties of zintl phases: The electronic structure of and bonding in metallic Na6TlSb4 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER; SOLIDS; K8IN11; CHAIN; SALT; RB; CS AB The novel metallic compound Na6TlSb4 consists of four-membered TlSb3 rings joined by pairs of Sb atoms into Tl2Sb8 units, the last of which is further interconnected into 1D anionic chains via Tl-Tl bonds. The contrast of its metallic conductivity with that of the 2 - e(-) poorer, electron precise, and semiconducting Zintl phase K6Tl2Sb3, which has virtually the same anionic network, has been investigated by ab initio LMTO-DFT methods, Sodium ion participation is found to be appreciable in the (largely) Sb p valence band and especially significant in an additional low-lying conduction band generated by antimony p pi and sodium orbitals. The one pyramidal 3-bonded Sb atom appears to be largely responsible for the interchain conduction process. The substitution of one Tl by Sb, which occurs when the countercation is changed from potassium in K6Tl2Sb3 to sodium, yielding only Na6TlSb4, is driven by a distinctly tighter packing, a corresponding increase in the Madelung energy, and binding of the excess pair of electrons in the new conduction band. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Anorgan Chem, D-50939 Cologne, Germany. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu RI Mudring, Anja/C-4739-2014 OI Mudring, Anja/0000-0002-2800-1684 NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5636 EP 5640 DI 10.1021/ic050128n PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900014 PM 16060612 ER PT J AU Nieweg, JA Lemma, K Trewyn, BG Lin, VSY Bakac, A AF Nieweg, JA Lemma, K Trewyn, BG Lin, VSY Bakac, A TI Mesoporous silica-supported uranyl: synthesis and photoreactivity SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXCHANGED ZEOLITES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; COLLOIDAL SILICA; METAL-COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATES; ION AB A mesoporous silica-supported uranyl material (UaqO22+-Silica) was prepared by a co-condensation method. Our approach involves an I-M+S- scheme, where the electrostatic interaction between the anionic inorganic precursor (I-), surfactant (S-), and cationic mediator (M+) provides the basis for the stability of the composite material. The synthesis was carried out under acidic conditions, where the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate provided the template for the uranyl cation and silicate to condense. Excitation with visible or near-UV light of aqueous suspensions of UaqO22+-Silica generates an excited state that decays with k(0) = 1.5 x 10(4) s(-1). The reaction of the excited state with aliphatic alcohols exhibits kinetic saturation and concentration-dependent kinetic isotope effects. For 2-propanol, the value of k(C3H7OH)/k(C3D7OH) decreases from 2.0 at low alcohol concentrations to 1.0 in the saturation regime at high alcohol concentrations. Taken together, the data describe a kinetic system controlled by chemical reaction at one extreme and diffusion at the other. At low [alcohol], the second-order rate constants for the reaction of silica-*UaqO22+ with methanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanol, and 2-pentanol are comparable to the rate constants obtained for these alcohols in homogeneous aqueous solutions containing H3PO4. Under slow steady-state photolysis in O-2-saturated suspensions, UaqO22+-Silica acts as a photocatalyst for the oxidation of alcohols with O-2. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lin, VSY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vsylin@iastate.edu; bakac@ameslab.gov NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5641 EP 5648 DI 10.1021/ic050130e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900015 PM 16060613 ER PT J AU Sykora, RE Assefa, Z Haire, RG Albrecht-Schmift, TE AF Sykora, RE Assefa, Z Haire, RG Albrecht-Schmift, TE TI Synthesis, structure, and spectroscopic properties of Am(IO3)(3) and the photoluminescence behavior of Cm(IO3)(3) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL IODATES; ONE-DIMENSIONAL URANYL; NONLINEAR OPTIC SURVEY; ANTI-STOKES LUMINESCENCE; RARE-EARTH SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL RAMAN; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; FLUOROZIRCONATE GLASS; TRIVALENT AMERICIUM; ACTINIDE COMPLEXES AB We have prepared Am(IO3)(3) as a part of our continuing investigations into the chemistry of the 4f- and 5f-elements' iodates. Single crystals were obtained from the reaction of Am3+ and H5IO6 under mild hydrothermal conditions. Crystallographic data on an eight-day-old crystal are (21 degrees C, Mo K alpha, lambda = 0.71073 angstrom): monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, a = 7.2300(5) angstrom, b = 8.5511(6) angstrom, c = 13.5361 (10) angstrom, beta = 100.035(1)degrees, V = 824.06(18), Z = 4. The structure consists of Am3+ cations bound by iodate anions to form [Am(IO3)(8)] units, where the local coordination environment around the americium centers is a distorted dodecahedron. There are three crystallographically unique iodate anions within the structure that bridge in both bidentate and tridentate fashions to form the overall three-dimensional structure. Repeated collection of X-ray diffraction data with time for a crystal of Am-243(IO3)(3) revealed an anisotropic expansion of the unit cell, presumably from self-irradiation damage, to generate values of a = 7.2159(7) angstrom, b = 8.5847(8) angstrom, c = 13.5715(13) angstrom, beta = 99.492(4)degrees, V = 829.18(23) after approximately five months. The Am(IO3)(3) crystals have also been characterized by Raman spectroscopy and the spectral results compared to those for CM(IO3)(3). Three strong Raman bands were observed for both compounds and correspond to the I-O symmetric stretching of the three crystallographically distinct iodate anions. The Raman profile suggests a lack of interionic vibrational coupling of the I-O stretching, while intraionic coupling provides symmetric and asymmetric components that correspond to each iodate site. Photoluminescence data for both Am(IO3)(3) and Cm(IO3)(3) are reported here for the first time. Assignments for the electronic levels of the actinide cations were based on these photoluminescence measurements and indicate the presence of vibronic coupling between electronic transitions and IO3- vibrational modes in both compounds. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Transuranium Res lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Leach Nucl Sci Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Sykora, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Transuranium Res lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sykorare@ornl.gov NR 83 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5667 EP 5676 DI 10.1021/ic0503856 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900019 PM 16060617 ER PT J AU Shi, YH Chen, WZ John, KD Da Re, RE Cohn, JL Xu, GL Eglin, JL Sattelberger, AP Hare, CR Ren, T AF Shi, YH Chen, WZ John, KD Da Re, RE Cohn, JL Xu, GL Eglin, JL Sattelberger, AP Hare, CR Ren, T TI Diosmium(III) compounds supported by 2-anilinopyridinate and novel alkynyl derivatives SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIRUTHENIUM(II,III) CARBOXYLATE COMPOUNDS; BRIDGING LIGAND 2-(2-PYRIDYL)-1,8-NAPHTHYRIDINE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AXIAL LIGANDS; METAL-METAL; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; DINUCLEAR COMPOUNDS; TRIDENTATE LIGANDS; HOMOLOGOUS SERIES AB The reaction between Os(2)(OAC)(4)Cl(2) and Hap (Hap is 2-anilinopyridine) under prolonged refluxing conditions resulted in an Os(III)2 compound, Os(2)(ap)(4)Cl(2) (1), that can be crystallized as either the cis-(2,2) isomer from a CH(3)OH-CH(2)-Cl(2) solution or the (3,1) isomer from a hexanes-CH(2)Cl(2) solution. Compound 1 undergoes facile reactions with LiC(2)Y to yield a series Of Os(2)(ap)(4)(C(2)Y)(2) Compounds with Y as Ph (2), ferrocenyl (3), SiMe(3) (4), and C(2)SiMe(3) (5). X-ray diffraction study of compound 2 reveals solvent-dependent isomerism similar to that of the parent compound 1. Compound 1 has Os-Os distances of 2.3937(8) and 2.3913(8) angstrom for the cis-(2,2) and (3,1) isomers, respectively, and is paramagnetic (S = 1). Both the ethynyl derivatives 2-4 and butadiynyl derivative 5 are diamagnetic and have Os-Os distances of 2.456(1), 2.471(1), and 2.481(1) angstrom for the cis-(2,2) and (3,1) isomers of 2 and (3,1) isomer of 4, respectively. Compounds 1-5 exhibit multiple one-electron redox couples in their cyclic voltammograms, including a reversible Os(2)(8+/7+) couple for 2. Resonance Raman spectra of both compounds 1 and 2 are reported. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Ren, T (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. EM tren@miami.edu OI John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 85 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5719 EP 5727 DI 10.1021/ic050496r PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900025 PM 16060623 ER PT J AU Plieger, PG Ehler, DS Duran, BL Taylor, TP John, KD Keizer, TS McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK Kampf, JW Haase, T Rasmussen, PG Karr, J AF Plieger, PG Ehler, DS Duran, BL Taylor, TP John, KD Keizer, TS McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK Kampf, JW Haase, T Rasmussen, PG Karr, J TI Novel binding of beryllium to dicarboxyimidazole-based model compounds and polymers SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS; SHIELDING TENSORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; DENSITY; LIGANDS; ACID; RECOVERY; SENSOR; IONS AB The ligand 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole (H2DCl) and its methyl derivative 1-methyl-4,5-dicarboxyimidazole (H2MDCl) have been shown to bind to Be(II) forming a zwitterionic species that has been structurally characterized. A new dicarboxyimidazole-based polymer has been prepared and its Be-binding properties have been studied using NMR (H-1 and Be-9) and fluorescence spectroscopy; it represents a rare example of beryllium binding to a polymer. Models of the mononuclear and polymeric Be(II)-binding sites have been studied using density functional theory (DFT), and the Be-9 NMR chemical shifts of these model materials have been calculated for the purpose of direct comparison to experimentally observed values. Differences in the binding modes of the mononuclear and polymeric species are discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Massey Univ, Dept Chem, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Plieger, PG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM p.g.plieger@massey.ac.nz; kjohn@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; OI John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330; Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5761 EP 5769 DI 10.1021/ic050680c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900030 PM 16060628 ER PT J AU Veauthier, JM Schelter, EJ Kuehl, CJ Clark, AE Scott, BL Morris, DE Martin, RL Thompson, JD Kiplinger, JL John, KD AF Veauthier, JM Schelter, EJ Kuehl, CJ Clark, AE Scott, BL Morris, DE Martin, RL Thompson, JD Kiplinger, JL John, KD TI Ligand substituent effect observed for ytterbocene 4 '-cyano-2,2 ': 6 ',2 ''-terpyridine SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ION LN; COMPLEXES; 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE; 4-CYANOPYRIDINE; COORDINATION; RADICALS; STATE; DY AB A new N-heterocyclic complex of ytterbocene (Cp*Yb-2(II), CP* = C5Me5) has been prepared by the addition of 4'-cyano-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine (tpyCN) to CP*Yb-2(II)(OEt2) in toluene to give a dark blue species designated as CP*Yb-2(tpyCN). The effect of the electron-withdrawing group (-C equivalent to N) on the redox potentials of the charge-transfer form of this complex [in which an electron is transferred from the f(14) metal center to the lowest unoccupied (pi*) molecular orbital of the tpyCN ligand to give a 4f(13)-pi*(1) electronic configuration] has been quantified by cyclic voltammetry. The tpyCN ligand stabilizes this configuration by 60 mV more than that in the unsubstituted tpy ligand complex and by 110 mV more than that in the unsubstituted bpy ligand complex. Magnetic susceptibility measurements corroborate the enhanced stabilization of the 4f(13)-pi*(1) configuration by the substituted terpyridyl ligand complex. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the magnetic data is most consistent with a thermally induced valence tautomeric equilibrium between this paramagnetic 4f(13)-pi*(1) form that dominates near room temperature and the diamagnetic 4f(14)-pi*(0) form that dominates at low temperature. Differing coordination modes for the tpyCN ligand to the ytterbocene center have also been confirmed by isolation and X-ray crystallographic characterization of complexes binding through either the cyano nitrogen of tpyCN or the three terpyridyl nitrogen atoms of tpyCN. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP John, KD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kjohn@lanl.gov RI Schelter, Eric/E-2962-2013; Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Kiplinger, Jaqueline/B-9158-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Kiplinger, Jaqueline/0000-0003-0512-7062; Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5911 EP 5920 DI 10.1021/ic050148p PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900049 PM 16060647 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Andrews, NL Alam, TM Tallant, DR Rodriguez, MA Ingersoll, D AF Boyle, TJ Andrews, NL Alam, TM Tallant, DR Rodriguez, MA Ingersoll, D TI Speciation in the AlCl3/SO2Cl2 catholyte system SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SULFURYL CHLORIDE ELECTROLYTES; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ALUMINUM-CHLORIDE; WATER TRACES; AL-27; HYDROLYSIS; CHEMISTRY AB The fundamental chemical behavior of the AlCl3/SO2Cl2 catholyte system was investigated using Al-27 NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three major Al-containing species were found to be present in this catholyte system, where the ratio of each was dependent upon aging time, concentration, and/or storage temperature. The first species was identified as [Cl2Al(mu-Cl)](2) in equilibrium with AlCl3, The second species results from the decomposition of SO2Cl2 which forms Cl-2(g) and SO2(g), The SO2(g) is readily consumed in the presence of AlCl3 to form the crystallographically characterized species [Cl2Al(mu-O2SCl)](2) (1). For 1, each Al is tetrahedrally (T-d) bound by two terminal Cl and two mu-O ligands whereas, the S is three-coordinated by two mu-O ligands and one terminal Cl. The third molecular species also has T-d-coordinated Al metal centers but with increased oxygen coordination. Over time it was noted that a precipitate formed from the catholyte solutions. Raman spectroscopic studies show that this gel or precipitate has a component that was consistent with thionyl chloride. We have proposed a polymerization scheme that accounts for the precipitate formation, Further NMR studies indicate that the precipitate is in equilibrium with the solution. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@Sandia.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 5934 EP 5940 DI 10.1021/ic050621z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 952UL UT WOS:000231030900051 PM 16060649 ER PT J AU Dolan, DH Johnson, JN Gupta, YM AF Dolan, DH Johnson, JN Gupta, YM TI Nanosecond freezing of water under multiple shock wave compression: Continuum modeling and wave profile measurements SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; DYNAMIC COMPRESSION; THERMAL EXPANSIVITY; PHASE-DIAGRAM; MELTING CURVE; PRESSURE; GPA; TEMPERATURE; NITROMETHANE; SUBSTANCE AB Using real time optical transmission and imaging measurements in multiple shock wave compression experiments, water was shown to solidify on nanosecond time scales [D. H. Dolan and Y. M. Gupta, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 9050 (2004)]. Continuum modeling and wave profile measurements, presented here, provide a complementary approach to examine the freezing of shocked water. The water model consisted of thermodynamically consistent descriptions of liquid and solid (ice VII) water, relationships for phase coexistence, and a time-dependent transition description to simulate freezing dynamics. Continuum calculations using the water model demonstrate that, unlike single shock compression, multiple shock compression results in pressure-temperature conditions where the ice VIII phase is thermodynamically favored over the liquid phase. Wave profile measurements, using laser interferometry, were obtained with quartz and sapphire windows at a peak pressure of 5 GPa. For water confined between sapphire windows, numerical simulations corresponding to a purely liquid response are in excellent agreement with the measured wave profile. For water confined between quartz windows (to provide a nucleating surface), wave profile measurements demonstrate a pure liquid response for an incubation time of approximately 100 ns followed by a time-dependent transformation. Analysis of the wave profiles after the onset of transformation suggests that water changes from a metastable liquid to a denser phase, consistent with the formation of a high-pressure ice phase. Continuum analyses and simulations underscore the need for multiple time scales to model the freezing transition. Findings from the present continuum work are extremely consistent with optical results reported previously. These studies constitute the first comprehensive investigation reported for freezing of a liquid at very short time scales. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Dolan, DH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ymgupta@wsu.edu NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 6 AR 064702 DI 10.1063/1.1993556 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 956OU UT WOS:000231310500046 PM 16122330 ER PT J AU Gill, PMW Gilbert, ATB Taylor, SW Friesecke, G Head-Gordon, M AF Gill, PMW Gilbert, ATB Taylor, SW Friesecke, G Head-Gordon, M TI Decay behavior of least-squares coefficients in auxiliary basis expansions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATE COULOMB POTENTIALS; BASIS-SETS; INTEGRAL APPROXIMATIONS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; RESOLUTION; ATOMS; DISTRIBUTIONS; PROJECTION; OVERLAP; DENSITY AB Many quantum chemical methods, both wave function and density based, rely on an expansion of elements of the electron density in an auxiliary basis. However, little is known about the analytical behavior of the expansion coefficients and, in particular, about their rate of decay with distance. We discuss an exactly solvable model system and characterize the expansion coefficients for various fitting metrics and various dimensionalities of the auxiliary basis. In the case of Coulomb fitting, we find that the decay rate depends critically on the effective dimensionality D of the auxiliary basis, varying from O(r(-1)) to O(r(-3)) to O(e(-zeta r)) for D=1, 2, or 3. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Auckland, Dept Math, Auckland, New Zealand. Univ Warwick, Inst Math, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM peter.gill@anu.edu.au RI Gill, Peter/A-1201-2010; Gilbert, Andrew/D-1468-2010 OI Gill, Peter/0000-0003-1042-6331; NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 6 AR 061101 DI 10.1063/1.1200867 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 956OU UT WOS:000231310500001 PM 16122285 ER PT J AU Subotnik, JE Head-Gordon, M AF Subotnik, JE Head-Gordon, M TI A local correlation model that yields intrinsically smooth potential-energy surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLESSET PERTURBATION-THEORY; ELECTRON CORRELATION METHODS; DENSITY FITTING APPROXIMATIONS; TRIPLES CORRECTION T; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; REPRESENTATION; FORMULATION; GRADIENTS; MOLECULES; ORBITALS AB We demonstrate an algorithm for computing local coupled-cluster doubles (LCCD) energies that form rigorously smooth potential-energy surfaces and which should be fast enough for application to large systems in the future. Like previous LCCD algorithms, our method solves iteratively for only a limited number of correlation amplitudes, treating the remaining amplitudes with second-order perturbation theory. However, by employing bump functions, our method smoothes the transition from iteratively solved amplitude to perturbation-treated amplitude, invoking the implicit function theorem to prove that our LCCD energy is an infinitely differentiable function of nuclear coordinates. We make no explicit amplitude domains nor do we rely on the existence of atom-centered, redundant orbitals in order to get smooth potential-energy curves. In fact, our algorithm employs only localized orthonormal occupied and virtual orbitals. Our approach should be applicable to many other electron correlation methods. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM subotnik@post.harvard.edu; mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 34 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 6 AR 064108 DI 10.1063/1.2000252 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 956OU UT WOS:000231310500017 ER PT J AU Aydin, K Bulu, I Guven, K Kafesaki, M Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E AF Aydin, K Bulu, I Guven, K Kafesaki, M Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E TI Investigation of magnetic resonances for different split-ring resonator parameters and designs SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-NEGATIVE METAMATERIALS; TRANSMISSION PROPERTIES; FREE-SPACE; ELEMENT AB We investigate the magnetic resonance of split-ring resonators (SRR) experimentally and numerically. The dependence of the geometrical parameters on the magnetic resonance frequency of SRR is studied. We further investigate the effect of lumped capacitors integrated to the SRR on the magnetic resonance frequency for tunable SRR designs. Different resonator structures are shown to exhibit magnetic resonances at various frequencies depending on the number of rings and splits used in the resonators. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. FORTH, IESL, Iraklion, Crete, Greece. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Bilkent Univ, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Aydin, K (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM aydin@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Aydin, Koray/D-5100-2009; bulu, irfan/E-5250-2011; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011; Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012 OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216; Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576 NR 29 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 7 AR 168 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/168 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953HR UT WOS:000231067700011 ER PT J AU Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Germinario, M Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Hagel, K Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindahl, S Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, MJ Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS AF Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Germinario, M Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Hagel, K Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindahl, S Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, MJ Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS TI Quark-gluon plasma and color glass condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Review ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; PHASE-TRANSITION; LOW-X; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HADRON-PRODUCTION; LOW Q(2) AB We review the main results obtained by the BRAHMS Collaboration on the properties of hot and dense hadronic and partonic matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. A particular focus of this paper is to discuss to what extent the results collected so far by BRAHMS, and by the other three experiments at RHIC, can be taken as evidence for the formation of a state of deconfined partonic matter, the so-called quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We also discuss evidence for a possible precursor state to the QGP, i.e., the proposed color glass condensate. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, Strasbourg, France. Inst Phys Nucl, Krakow, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchkowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Bergen, Norway. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Gaardhoje, JJ (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM gardhoje@nbi.dk RI Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Samset, Bjorn H./B-9248-2012; OI Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Samset, Bjorn H./0000-0001-8013-1833; Christiansen, Peter/0000-0001-7066-3473; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 122 TC 1306 Z9 1312 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.02.130 PG 27 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 943LF UT WOS:000230354500001 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, NK Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Hauer, A Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, C Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, A Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Seals, H Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, CM van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zhang, J AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, NK Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Hauer, A Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, C Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, A Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Seals, H Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, CM van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zhang, J CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Review DE relativistic heavy ion collision data; PHOBOS experiment at RHIC; scaling in multiparticle production; energy density in collisions of ultrarelativistic nuclei; quark-gluon plasma ID QUARK-GLUON-PLASMA; CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM SPECTRA; PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; HIGH-ENERGY COLLISIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD AB This paper describes the conclusions that can be drawn from the data taken thus far with the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. In the most central Au + An collisions at the highest beam energy, evidence is found for the formation of a very high energy density system whose description in terms of simple hadronic degrees of freedom is inappropriate. Furthermore, the constituents of this novel system are found to undergo a significant level of interaction. The properties of particle production at RHIC energies are shown to follow a number of simple scaling behaviors, some of which continue trends found at lower energies or in simpler systems. As a function of centrality, the total number of charged particles scales with the number of participating nucleons. When comparing An + An at different centralities, the dependence of the yield on the number of participants at higher PT (similar to 4 GeV/c) is very similar to that at low transverse momentum. The measured values of charged particle pseudorapidity density and elliptic flow were found to be independent of energy over a broad range of pseudorapidities when effectively viewed in the rest frame of one of the colliding nuclei, a property we describe as "extended longitudinal scaling". Finally, the centrality and energy dependences of several observables were found to factorize to a surprising degree. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM busza@mit.edu RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; OI Reuter, Michael/0000-0003-3881-8310; Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 227 TC 1363 Z9 1373 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 1-2 BP 28 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.084 PG 74 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 943LF UT WOS:000230354500002 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Dedovich, TG Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Gos, H Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jedynak, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Reinnarth, J Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, M Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Swanger, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Dedovich, TG Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Gos, H Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jedynak, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Reinnarth, J Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, M Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Swanger, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Experimental and theoretical challenges in the search for the quark-gluon plasma: The STAR Collaboration's critical assessment of the evidence from RHIC collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; MULTIPLE PARTON SCATTERING; INELASTIC EP SCATTERING; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; HADRON FREEZE-OUT; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; ELLIPTIC FLOW AB We review the most important experimental results from the first three years of nucleus-nucleus collision studies at RHIC, with emphasis on results from the STAR experiment, and we assess their interpretation and comparison to theory. The theory-experiment comparison suggests that central Au + Au collisions at RHIC produce dense, rapidly thermalizing matter characterized by: (1) initial energy densities above the critical values predicted by lattice QCD for establishment of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP); (2) nearly ideal fluid flow, marked by constituent interactions of very short mean free path, established most probably at a stage preceding hadron formation; and (3) opacity to jets. Many of the observations are consistent with models incorporating QGP formation in the early collision stages, and have not found ready explanation in a hadronic framework. However, the measurements themselves do not yet establish unequivocal evidence for a transition to this new form of matter. The theoretical treatment of the collision evolution, despite impressive successes, invokes a suite of distinct models, degrees of freedom and assumptions of as yet unknown quantitative consequence. We pose a set of important open questions, and suggest additional measurements, at least some of which should be addressed in order to establish a compelling basis to conclude definitively that thermalized, deconfined quark-gluon matter has been produced at RHIC. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys Nucl, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU, HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hallman@bnl.gov RI Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014 OI Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; van Leeuwen, Marco/0000-0002-5222-4888; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gutierrez, Thomas/0000-0002-0330-6414; Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323 NR 237 TC 1845 Z9 1859 U1 18 U2 117 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.085 PG 82 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 943LF UT WOS:000230354500003 ER PT J AU Adcox, K Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Barrette, J Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Botelho, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Carey, TA Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Cleven, CR Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Cussonneau, JP d'Enterriai, D Dahms, T Das, K David, G Deak, F Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Dubey, AK du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV Egdemir, J El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En' yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Ewell, L Ferdousi, T Fields, DE Finck, C Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Forestier, B Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Garpman, S Gastineau, F Germain, M Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Godoi, AL Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Hadjhenni, A Haggerty, JS Hagiwara, MN Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Harada, H Hartouni, EP Haruna, K Harvey, M Haslum, E Hasuko, K Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hidas, P Hiejima, H Hill, JC Ho, DS Hobbs, R Holmes, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hur, HM Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Inuzuka, M Ippolitov, MS Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jin, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Kann, M Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kawabata, T Kawagishi, T Kazantsev, AV Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YS Kim, YG Kinney, E Kinnison, WW Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kohara, R Komkov, B Konno, M Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurihara, N Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, MK Lee, S Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, XH Li, Z Lim, DJ Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, Y Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mao, Y Mark, SK Markacs, S Martinez, G Marx, MD Masaike, A Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Moukhanova, TV Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagata, Y Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nakada, Y Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nguyen, M Nikkinen, L Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Norman, B Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Omiwade, OO Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Paffrath, L Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Parmar, A Pate, SF Pei, H Peitzmann, T Penev, V Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Petridis, AN Pierson, A Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Qualls, JM Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rose, AA Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Sako, H Sakuma, T Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Sharma, D Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimomura, M Shin, YH Shohjoh, T Shoji, K Sibiriak, IG Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Skutnik, S Smith, WC Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, I Staley, F Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Suire, C Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki, M Sziklai, J Tabaru, T Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, J Thomas, JH Thomas, TL Tian, W Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Uam, TJ Ushiroda, T Valle, H van Hecke, HW Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vertesi, R Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vorobyov, A Vznuzdaev, E Wagner, M Wang, H Wang, XR Watanabe, Y Wessels, J White, SN Winter, D Witzig, C Wohn, FK Woody, CL Wysocki, M Xie, W Yagi, K Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudkte, O Zhang, C Zhang, Z Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zimanyi, J Zolin, L Zong, X AF Adcox, K Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Barrette, J Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Botelho, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Carey, TA Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Cleven, CR Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Cussonneau, JP d'Enterriai, D Dahms, T Das, K David, G Deak, F Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Dubey, AK du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV Egdemir, J El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En' yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Ewell, L Ferdousi, T Fields, DE Finck, C Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Forestier, B Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Garpman, S Gastineau, F Germain, M Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Godoi, AL Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Hadjhenni, A Haggerty, JS Hagiwara, MN Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Harada, H Hartouni, EP Haruna, K Harvey, M Haslum, E Hasuko, K Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hidas, P Hiejima, H Hill, JC Ho, DS Hobbs, R Holmes, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hur, HM Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Inuzuka, M Ippolitov, MS Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jin, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Kann, M Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kawabata, T Kawagishi, T Kazantsev, AV Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YS Kim, YG Kinney, E Kinnison, WW Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kohara, R Komkov, B Konno, M Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurihara, N Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, MK Lee, S Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, XH Li, Z Lim, DJ Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, Y Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mao, Y Mark, SK Markacs, S Martinez, G Marx, MD Masaike, A Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Moukhanova, TV Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagata, Y Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nakada, Y Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nguyen, M Nikkinen, L Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Norman, B Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Omiwade, OO Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Paffrath, L Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Parmar, A Pate, SF Pei, H Peitzmann, T Penev, V Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Petridis, AN Pierson, A Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Qualls, JM Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rose, AA Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Sako, H Sakuma, T Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Sharma, D Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimomura, M Shin, YH Shohjoh, T Shoji, K Sibiriak, IG Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Skutnik, S Smith, WC Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, I Staley, F Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Suire, C Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki, M Sziklai, J Tabaru, T Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, J Thomas, JH Thomas, TL Tian, W Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Uam, TJ Ushiroda, T Valle, H van Hecke, HW Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vertesi, R Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vorobyov, A Vznuzdaev, E Wagner, M Wang, H Wang, XR Watanabe, Y Wessels, J White, SN Winter, D Witzig, C Wohn, FK Woody, CL Wysocki, M Xie, W Yagi, K Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudkte, O Zhang, C Zhang, Z Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zimanyi, J Zolin, L Zong, X CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON-PLASMA; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; PROMPT PHOTON PRODUCTION; CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GEV AU+AU COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HADRON-PRODUCTION AB Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of RHIC operation includes charged particle multiplicities, transverse energy, yield ratios and spectra of identified hadrons in a wide range of transverse momenta (PT), elliptic flow, two-particle correlations, nonstatistical fluctuations, and suppression of particle production at high PT. The results are examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state of dense matter. We find that the state of matter created at RHIC cannot be described in terms of ordinary color neutral hadrons. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Cyclotron Applicat Lab, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, CNRS, Ecole Mines Nantes,IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. EM zajc@nevis.columbia.edu RI Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Csorgo, Tamas/0000-0002-9110-9663; Newby, Robert/0000-0003-3571-1067; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Skutnik, Steve/0000-0001-6441-135X; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 263 TC 1712 Z9 1723 U1 15 U2 116 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 757 IS 1-2 BP 184 EP 283 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.086 PG 100 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 943LF UT WOS:000230354500004 ER PT J AU O'Hara, JF Averitt, RD Taylor, AJ AF O'Hara, JF Averitt, RD Taylor, AJ TI Prism coupling to terahertz surface plasmon polaritons SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; 2-DIMENSIONAL OPTICS; PROPAGATION; EXCITATION; DISTANCES; PULSES AB Silicon prisms are used to couple free-space broadband terahertz into surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes, otherwise known as surface electromagnetic waves (SEW) or Zenneck waves, on to polished metal surfaces. We show that coupling to surface waves occurs via edge-diffraction and hump-coupling and that attenuated total reflection is not an important coupling mechanism. Coupling and decoupling to a broadband, single-cycle SPP pulse is demonstrated with an energy efficiency of approximately 3.5%. Measurements of SPPs through thin plastic films reveal a strong surface sensitivity and suggest new configurations for maximizing THz SPP utility. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP O'Hara, JF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST CINT, MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM johara@lanl.gov NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 19 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 13 IS 16 BP 6117 EP 6126 DI 10.1364/OPEX.13.006117 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 953VP UT WOS:000231109600026 PM 19498622 ER PT J AU Tseng, SH Taflove, A Maitland, D Backman, V Walsh, JT AF Tseng, SH Taflove, A Maitland, D Backman, V Walsh, JT TI Investigation of the noise-like structures of the total scattering cross-section of random media SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER EQUATION; MACROSCOPIC RANDOM MEDIUM; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; OPTICAL INTERACTIONS; PROPAGATION; CELLS; LIGHT AB The pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) algorithm is implemented to numerically solve Maxwell's equations to obtain the optical properties of millimeter-scale random media consisting of hundreds of micron-scale dielectric scatterers. Our methodology accounts for near-field interactions and coherent interference effects that are not easily modeled using other techniques. In this paper, we show that the total scattering cross-section (TSCS) of a cluster of closely packed scatterers exhibits a high-frequency oscillation structure, similar to noise. Furthermore, the characteristics and origin of such noise-like oscillation structure have been analyzed and determined based on first-principles. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Phys & Biophys Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Tseng, SH (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Backman, Vadim/B-6689-2009; Taflove, Allen/B-7275-2009; Walsh, Joseph/B-7636-2009; OI TSENG, SNOW-HONG/0000-0003-1743-801X NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 13 IS 16 BP 6127 EP 6132 DI 10.1364/OPEX.13.006127 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 953VP UT WOS:000231109600027 PM 19498623 ER PT J AU Alexandratos, SD Stine, CL Sachleben, RA Moyer, BA AF Alexandratos, SD Stine, CL Sachleben, RA Moyer, BA TI Immobilization of lithium-selective 14-crown-4 on crosslinked polymer supports SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polymer-supported reagent; ion; selective ID HEAVY-METAL-IONS; CROWN-ETHERS; MACROCYCLIC POLYETHERS; CHELATING RESINS; LIGANDS; COMPLEXATION; EXTRACTION; IONOPHORES; REAGENTS; POLYSTYRENE AB The immobilization of octamethyl-14-crown-4 onto crosslinked polymer supports is reported and the selectivity for Li(I) from aqueous solutions quantified. The amount of Li(I) complexed by the crown ether is affected by the polarity of the polymer matrix: Complexation increases with increasing matrix hydrophilicity. Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) is the preferred support matrix for the crown ether. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Alexandratos, SD (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM alexsd@hunter.cuny.edu RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 17 BP 6347 EP 6352 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.091 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 953TZ UT WOS:000231104700008 ER PT J AU Curro, JG Frischknecht, AL AF Curro, JG Frischknecht, AL TI The structure of poly(ethylene oxide) liquids: comparison of integral equation theory with molecular dynamics simulations and neutron scattering SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE PEO; PRISM theory; MD simulation ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; POLYETHYLENE OXIDE; EQUILIBRIUM-THEORY; EXCESS ELECTRONS; POLYMER MELTS; SIMPLE FLUIDS; FORCE-FIELD; THERMODYNAMICS; MODEL; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) AB Polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out on poly(ethylene oxide) liquids using a force field of Smith, Jaffe, and Yoon. The intermolecular pair correlation functions and radius of gyration from theory were in very good agreement with MD simulations when the partial charges were turned off. When the charges were turned on, considerably more structure was seen in the intermolecular correlations obtained from MD simulation. Moreover, the radius of gyration increased by 38% due to electrostatic repulsions along the chain backbone. Because the partial charges greatly affect the structure, significant differences were seen between the PRISM calculations (without charges) and the wide angle neutron scattering measurements of Annis and coworkers for the total structure factor, and the hydrogen/hydrogen intermolecular correlation function. This is in contrast to previous PRISM calculations on poly (dimethyl siloxane). (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jgcurro@sandia.gov RI Frischknecht, Amalie/N-1020-2014 OI Frischknecht, Amalie/0000-0003-2112-2587 NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 17 BP 6500 EP 6506 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.123 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 953TZ UT WOS:000231104700024 ER PT J AU Ohnuki, T Yoshida, T Ozaki, T Samadfam, M Kozai, N Yubuta, K Mitsugashira, T Kasama, T Francis, AJ AF Ohnuki, T Yoshida, T Ozaki, T Samadfam, M Kozai, N Yubuta, K Mitsugashira, T Kasama, T Francis, AJ TI Interactions of uranium with bacteria and kaolinite clay SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE uranium; Bacillus subtilis; kaolinite; accumulation; bacteria-mineral mixture; migration ID CITROBACTER SP; SORPTION; SILICA; EXAFS; MONTMORILLONITE; FERRIHYDRITE; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION AB We assessed the accumulation of uranium (VI) by a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, suspended in a slurry of kaolinite clay, to elucidate the role of microbes on the mobility of U(VI). Various mixtures of bacteria and the koalinite were exposed to solutions of 8 X 10(-6) M- and 4 x 10(-4) M-U(VI) in 0.01 M NaCl at pH 4.7. After 48 h, the mixtures were separated from the solutions by centrifugation, and treated with a I M CH3COOK for 24 h to determine the associations of U within the mixture. The mixture exposed to 4 X 10-4 M U was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with EDS. The accumulation of U by the mixture increased with an increase in the amount of B. subtilis cells present at both U concentrations. Treatment of kaolinite with CH3COOK, removed approximately 80% of the associated uranium. However, in the presence of B. subtilis the amount of U removed was much less. TEM-EDS analysis confirmed that most of the U removed from solution was associated with B. subtilis. XANES analysis of the oxidation state of uranium associated with B. subtilis, kaolinite, and with the mixture containing both revealed that it was present as U(VI). These results suggest that the bacteria have a higher affinity for U than the kaolinite clay mineral under the experimental conditions tested, and that they can immobilize significant amount of uranium. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Dept Environm Sci, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Mat Res Inst, Oarai Branch, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111313, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ohnuki, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM ohnuki@sparclt.tokai.jaeri.go.jp RI Yubuta, Kunio/B-8124-2011; Kasama, Takeshi/K-5383-2012 OI Yubuta, Kunio/0000-0002-3401-6874; NR 26 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 220 IS 3-4 BP 237 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.03.008 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 952EO UT WOS:000230985400004 ER PT J AU Orme, CJ Klaehn, JR Harrup, MK Lash, RP Stewart, FF AF Orme, CJ Klaehn, JR Harrup, MK Lash, RP Stewart, FF TI Characterization of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol-substituted phosphazene polymers using pervaporation, solubility parameters, and sorption studies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polyphosphazenes; membranes; hydrophilic polymers; swelling; amorphous ID WATER-SOLUBLE POLYPHOSPHAZENES; CROSS-LINKING; PHOSPHONITRILIC COMPOUNDS; SEPARATION PROPERTIES; MEMBRANES AB Two linear phosphazene polymers were synthesized with differing amounts of hydrophilic 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol (MEE) and hydrophobic 4-methoxyphenol (MEOP) substituted on the backbone. These high polymers were cast into membranes and their permeability to water, methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol was evaluated as a function of temperature. An additional polymer with a low content of MEE was studied for water permeation and was characterized by trace flux. At higher levels of MEE on the backbone, fluxes of all solvents increased. Solubility also was found to increase with increasing MEE content for all solvents except water. Unexpectedly, water was found to be less Soluble in the higher MEE polymer, although higher membrane fluxes were observed. Diffusion coefficients showed the following trend: methanol >> 2-propanol > ethanol >> water. Finally, the affinity of solvents and polymers was discussed in terms of Hansen solubility parameters. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals Inc. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Stewart, FF (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM frederick.stewart@inl.gov RI Klaehn, John/C-6011-2017 OI Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 3 BP 939 EP 945 DI 10.1002/app.21898 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 940DI UT WOS:000230123500031 ER PT J AU Whittle, E Cahoon, EB Subrahmanyam, S Shanklin, J AF Whittle, E Cahoon, EB Subrahmanyam, S Shanklin, J TI A multifunctional acyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase from Hedera helix L. (English ivy) can synthesize 16-and 18-carbon monoene and diene products SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RICINUS-COMMUNIS; PLANTS; SEED; EXPRESSION; GENE; MUTAGENESIS AB A desaturase with 83% sequence identity to the coriander Delta(4)-16:0-ACP desaturase was isolated from developing seeds of Hedera helix ( English ivy). Expression of the ivy desaturase in Arabidopsis resulted in the accumulation of 16: 1 Delta(4) and its expected elongation product 18: 1 Delta(6) ( petroselinic acid). Expression in Escherichia coli resulted in the accumulation of soluble, active protein that was purified to apparent homogeneity. In vitro assays confirmed Delta(4) desaturation with 16:0-ACP; however, with 18:0-acyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturation occurred at the Delta(9) position. The ivy desaturase also converted 16:1 Delta(9)-ACP and 18: 1 Delta(9)-ACP to the corresponding Delta(4,9) dienes. These data suggest at least two distinct substrate binding modes, one placing C4 at the diiron active site and the other placing C9 at the active site. In the latter case, 18: 0 would likely bind in an extended conformation as described for the castor desaturase with 9-carbons accommodated in the cavity beyond the dirron site. However, Delta(4) desaturation would require the accommodation of 12 carbons for C16 substrates or 14 carbons for C18 substrates. The amino acids lining the substrate binding cavity of ivy and castor desaturases are conserved except for T117R and P179I ( castor/ivy). Paradoxically, both substitutions, when introduced into the castor desaturase, favored the binding of shorter acyl chains. Thus, it seems likely that Delta(4) desaturation would require a non-extended, perhaps U-shaped, substrate conformation. A cis double bond may facilitate the initiation of such a non-extended conformation in the monounsaturated substrates. The multifunctional properties of the ivy desaturase make it well suited for further dissection of the determinants of regiospecificity. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. USDA ARS, Res Serv, Plant Genet Res Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shanklin, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Bldg 463,50 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM shanklin@bnl.gov NR 39 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 280 IS 31 BP 28169 EP 28176 DI 10.1074/jbc.M504205200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 950KZ UT WOS:000230857300002 PM 15939740 ER PT J AU Choi, YJ Ryu, KS Ko, YM Chae, YK Pelton, JG Wemmer, DE Choi, BS AF Choi, YJ Ryu, KS Ko, YM Chae, YK Pelton, JG Wemmer, DE Choi, BS TI Biophysical characterization of the interaction domains and mapping of the contact residues in the XPF-ERCC1 complex SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; PIGMENTOSUM GROUP-F; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; DNA-BINDING; PROTEIN; ERCC1; ENDONUCLEASE; XPF; NUCLEASE; RECOGNITION AB XPF and ERCC1 exist as a heterodimer to be stable and active in cells and catalyze DNA cleavage on the 5'-side of a lesion during nucleotide excision repair. To characterize the specific interaction between XPF and ERCC1, we expressed the human ERCC1 binding domain of XPF (XPF-EB) and the XPF binding domain of ERCC1 (ERCC1-FB) in Escherichia coli. Milligram quantities of a heterodimer were characterized with gel filtration chromatography, an Ni2+-NTA binding assay, and analytical ultracentrifugation. Cross-linking experiments at high salt concentrations revealed that XPF interacts with ERCC1 mainly through hydrophobic interactions. XPF-EB was also shown to homodimerize in the absence of ERCC1. NMR cross-saturation methods were applied to map the residues involved in formation of the XPF-(EBXPF)-X-.-EB homodimer and the XPF-EB -ERCC1-FB heterodimer. Helix H3 and the C-terminal region of XPF-EB were either within or in close proximity to the homodimer interface, whereas the ERCC1-FB binding site of XPF-EB was distributed across helix H1, a small part of H2, H3, and the C-terminal region, most of which exhibited large changes in chemical shift upon ERCC1 binding. The XPF-EB heterodimeric interface is larger than the XPF-EB homodimeric one, which could explain why XPF has a stronger affinity for ERCC1 than for a second molecule of XPF. The XPF binding sites of ERCC1 were located in helices H1 and H3 and in the C-terminal region, similar to the involved surface of XPF. We used cross-saturation data and the crystal structure of related proteins to model the two complexes. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sejong Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Seoul 143747, South Korea. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Wemmer, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dewemmer@lbl.gov; byongseok.choi@kaist.ac.kr RI Choi, Byong-Seok/C-1937-2011 NR 43 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 280 IS 31 BP 28644 EP 28652 DI 10.1074/jbc.M501083200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 950KZ UT WOS:000230857300055 PM 15932882 ER PT J AU Little, EJ Horton, NC AF Little, EJ Horton, NC TI DNA-induced conformational changes in type II restriction endonucleases: The structure of unliganded HincII SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein-nucleic acid recognition; restriction enzyme; conformational changes ID IRREGULAR NUCLEIC-ACIDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ECORV ENDONUCLEASE; INDIRECT READOUT; COGNATE DNA; PVUII ENDONUCLEASE; PROTEIN STRUCTURES; ELECTRON-DENSITY; TRP REPRESSOR; BINDING AB The 2.1 angstrom crystal structure of the unliganded type II restriction endonuclease, HincII, is described. Although the asymmetric unit contains only a single monomer, crystal lattice contacts bring two monomers together to form a dimer very similar to that found in the DNA bound form. Comparison with the published DNA bound structure reveals that the DNA binding pocket is expanded in the unliganded structure. Comparison of the unliganded and DNA liganded structures reveals a simple rotation of subunits by 11 degrees each, or 22 degrees total, to a more closed structure around the bound DNA. Comparison of this conformational change to that observed in the other type II restriction endonucleases where DNA bound and unliganded forms have both been characterized, shows considerable variation in the types of conformational changes that can occur. The conformational changes in three can be described by a simple rotation of subunits, while in two others both rotation and translation of subunits relative to one another occurs. In addition, the endonucleases having subunits that undergo the greatest amount of rotation upon DNA binding are found to be those that distort the bound DNA the least, suggesting that DNA bending may be less facile in dimers possessing greater flexibility (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Horton, NC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM nhorton@u.arizona.edu RI Horton, Nancy/E-7881-2011 OI Horton, Nancy/0000-0003-2710-8284 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1 R01 GM066805-01A1, R01 GM066805, R01 GM066805-02, R01 GM066805-03, R01 GM066805-01A1, R01 GM066805-05, R01 GM066805-04] NR 43 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 1 BP 76 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.05.063 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 949QL UT WOS:000230803100008 PM 15993893 ER PT J AU Razai, A Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Robles, Y Tsai, R Smith, TJ Smith, LA Siegel, RW Feldhaus, M Marks, JD AF Razai, A Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Robles, Y Tsai, R Smith, TJ Smith, LA Siegel, RW Feldhaus, M Marks, JD TI Molecular evolution of antibody affinity for sensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxin type A SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE yeast display; single chain Fv antibody; molecular evolution; botulinum neurotoxin; affinity ID COLORIMETRIC CAPTURE ELISAS; STRUCTURAL REPERTOIRE; DIRECTED EVOLUTION; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; VARIABLE DOMAINS; SURFACE DISPLAY; BINDING DOMAIN; LIGHT-CHAINS; ASSOCIATION; LIBRARIES AB Botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the most poisonous substance known. Potential use of BoNT as a biothreat agent has made development of sensitive assays for toxin detection and potent antitoxin for treatment of intoxication a high priority. To improve detection and treatment of botulism, molecular evolution and yeast display were used to increase the affinity of two neutralizing single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies binding BoNT serotype A (BoNT/A). Selection of yeast displayed scFv libraries was performed using methods to select for both increased association rate constant (k(on)) and decreased dissociation rate constants (k(off)). A single cycle of error prone mutagenesis increased the affinity of the 3D12 scFv 45-fold from a K-D of 9.43X10(-10) M to a K-D of 2.1 X 10(-11) M. Affinity of the HuC25 scFv was increased 37-fold from 8.44 X 10(-10) M to 2.26 X 10(-11) M using libraries constructed by both random and site directed mutagenesis. scFv variable region genes were used to construct IgG for use in detection assays and in vivo neutralization studies. While IgG had the same relative increases in affinity as scFv, (35-fold and 81-fold, respectively, for 3D12 and HuC25) higher solution equilibrium binding constants were observed for the IgG, with the 3D12 KD increasing from 6.07 X 10(-11) M to 1.71 X 10(-12) M and the HuC25 K-D increasing from 4.51 X 10(-11) M to 5.54 X 10(-13) M. Affinity increased due to both an increase in k(on), as well as slowing of k(off). Higher affinity antibodies had increased sensitivity, allowing detection of BoNT/A at concentrations as low as 1 X 10(-13) M. The antibodies will also allow testing of the role of affinity in in vivo toxin neutralization and could lead to the generation of more potent antitoxin. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Marks, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, Rm 3C-38,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM marksj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu OI Siegel, Robert/0000-0002-0833-5580 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI53389-01, U01 AI056493] NR 45 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 1 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.06.003 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 949QL UT WOS:000230803100015 PM 16002090 ER PT J AU Yuan, YR Pei, Y Ma, JB Kuryavyi, V Zhadina, M Meister, G Chen, HY Dauter, Z Tuschl, T Patel, DJ AF Yuan, YR Pei, Y Ma, JB Kuryavyi, V Zhadina, M Meister, G Chen, HY Dauter, Z Tuschl, T Patel, DJ TI Crystal structure of A-aeolicus Argonaute, a site-specific DNA-guided endoribonuclease, provides insights into RISC-mediated mRNA cleavage SO MOLECULAR CELL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Banbury Symposium on RNAi-Related Processes in Plants - Chromatin, Development and Defense CY AUG 15-18, 2004 CL Cold Spring Harbor Labs, Cold Spring Harbor, NY HO Cold Spring Harbor Labs ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; PAZ DOMAIN; MICRORNA TARGETS; ISOMORPHOUS REPLACEMENT; SLICER ACTIVITY; ENZYME COMPLEX; PIWI PROTEIN; RECOGNITION; SIRNAS; BINDING AB Argonaute (Ago) proteins constitute a key component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). We report the crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus Ago (Aa-Ago) together with binding and cleavage studies, which establish this eubacterial Ago as a bona fide guide DNA strand-mediated site-specific RNA endonuclease. We have generated a stereochemically robust model of the complex, where the guide DNA-mRNA duplex is positioned within a basic channel spanning the bilobal interface, such that the 5 ' phosphate of the guide strand can be anchored in a basic pocket, and the mRNA can be positioned for site-specific cleavage by RNase H-type divalent cation-coordinated catalytic Asp residues of the PIWI domain. Domain swap experiments involving chimeras of human Ago (hAgo1) and cleavage-competent hAgo2 reinforce the role of the PIWI domain in '' slicer '' activity. We propose a four-step Ago-mediated catalytic cleavage cycle model, which provides distinct perspectives into the mechanism of guide strand-mediated mRNA cleavage within the RISC. C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Struct Biol Program, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Lab RNA Mol Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA. NCI, Argonne Natl Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tuschl, T (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Struct Biol Program, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM ttuschl@mail.rockefeller.edu; pateld@mskcc.org RI Pei, Yi/D-8998-2011 OI Pei, Yi/0000-0002-3466-760X FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA008748]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI068776]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM068476-01, R01 GM068476] NR 55 TC 196 Z9 212 U1 5 U2 21 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1097-2765 J9 MOL CELL JI Mol. Cell PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 405 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.07.011 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 953ME UT WOS:000231079600014 PM 16061186 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Blyth, S Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCDL Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Dedovich, TG Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fornazier, KSF Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Gos, H Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horner, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jedynak, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kowalik, KL Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Reinnarth, J Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Swanger, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Buren, GV van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Blyth, S Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCDL Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Dedovich, TG Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fornazier, KSF Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Gos, H Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horner, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jedynak, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kowalik, KL Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Reinnarth, J Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Swanger, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Buren, GV van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of photons in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=62.4 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; AU COLLISIONS; DETECTOR; MODEL AB We present the first measurement of pseudorapidity distribution of photons in the region 2.3 <= eta <= 3.7 for different centralities in Au+Au collisions at root sNN = 62.4 GeV. We find that the photon yield scales with the number of participating nucleons at all collision centralities studied. The pseudorapidity distribution of photons, dominated by pi(0) decays, has been compared to those of charged pions, photons, and inclusive charged particles from heavy-ion and nucleon-nucleon collisions at various energies. The photon production has been shown to be consistent with the energy and centrality independent limiting fragmentation scenario. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. AS CR, Inst Nucl Phys, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Adams, J (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RI Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk, Naomi/M-9423-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014 OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045 NR 34 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 062301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.062301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700016 ER PT J AU Carlson, J Reddy, S AF Carlson, J Reddy, S TI Asymmetric two-component fermion systems in strong coupling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We study the phase structure of a dilute two-component Fermi system with attractive interactions as a function of the coupling and a finite number asymmetry or polarization. In weak coupling, a number asymmetry results in phase separation. A mixed phase containing symmetric superfluid matter and an asymmetric normal phase is favored. For strong coupling we show that the stress on the superfluid phase to accommodate a number asymmetry increases. Near the infinite-scattering length, we calculate the single-particle excitation spectrum and the ground-state energy. A picture of weakly interacting quasiparticles emerges for modest polarizations. In this regime a homogeneous phase with a finite population of quasiparticle states characterized by a gapless spectrum is favored over the phase separated state. These states may be realized in cold atom experiments. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Carlson, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 211 Z9 213 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 060401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.060401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700003 PM 16090928 ER PT J AU Cavalleri, A Rini, M Chong, HHW Fourmaux, S Glover, TE Heimann, PA Kieffer, JC Schoenlein, RW AF Cavalleri, A Rini, M Chong, HHW Fourmaux, S Glover, TE Heimann, PA Kieffer, JC Schoenlein, RW TI Band-selective measurements of electron dynamics in VO2 using femtosecond near-edge x-ray absorption SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; PULSES; GENERATION AB We report on the first demonstration of femtosecond x-ray absorption spectroscopy, made uniquely possible by the use of broadly tunable bending-magnet radiation from "laser-sliced" electron bunches within a synchrotron storage ring. We measure the femtosecond electronic rearrangements that occur during the photoinduced insulator-metal phase transition in VO2. Symmetry- and element-specific x-ray absorption from V2p and O1s core levels (near 500 eV) separately measures the filling dynamics of differently hybridized V3d-O2p electronic bands near the Fermi level. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Quebec, INRS Energie & Mat, Varennes, PQ, Canada. RP Cavalleri, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM a.cavalleri1@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Schoenlein, Robert/D-1301-2014 OI Schoenlein, Robert/0000-0002-6066-7566 NR 19 TC 162 Z9 163 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 067405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.067405 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700066 PM 16090991 ER PT J AU Dupuy, LM Tadmor, EB Miller, RE Phillips, R AF Dupuy, LM Tadmor, EB Miller, RE Phillips, R TI Finite-temperature quasicontinuum: Molecular dynamics without all the atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION NUCLEATION; FREE-ENERGY; DEFECTS; NANOINDENTATION; SIMULATIONS; MECHANICS; SOLIDS AB Using a combination of statistical mechanics and finite-element interpolation, we develop a coarse-grained (CG) alternative to molecular dynamics (MD) for crystalline solids at constant temperature. The new approach is significantly more efficient than MD and generalizes earlier work on the quasicontinuum method. The method is validated by recovering equilibrium properties of single crystal Ni as a function of temperature. CG dynamical simulations of nanoindentation reveal a strong dependence on temperature of the critical stress to nucleate dislocations under the indenter. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CALTECH, Kavli Nanosci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Dupuy, LM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-415, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Miller, Ronald/E-5328-2011; Dupuy, Laurent/E-3983-2013 OI Miller, Ronald/0000-0002-6392-4257; NR 22 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 060202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.060202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700002 PM 16090927 ER PT J AU Kohlstedt, KL Snezhko, A Sapozhnikov, MV Aranson, IS Olafsen, JS Ben-Naim, E AF Kohlstedt, KL Snezhko, A Sapozhnikov, MV Aranson, IS Olafsen, JS Ben-Naim, E TI Velocity distributions of granular gases with drag and with long-range interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MEDIA; MODEL AB We study velocity statistics of electrostatically driven granular gases. For two different experiments, (i) nonmagnetic particles in a viscous fluid and (ii) magnetic particles in air, the velocity distribution is non-Maxwellian, and its high-energy tail is exponential, P(v)similar to exp(-vertical bar v vertical bar). This behavior is consistent with the kinetic theory of driven dissipative particles. For particles immersed in a fluid, viscous damping is responsible for the exponential tail, while for magnetic particles, long-range interactions cause the exponential tail. We conclude that velocity statistics of dissipative gases are sensitive to the fluid environment and to the form of the particle interaction. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Microstruct, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kohlstedt, KL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 30 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 068001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.068001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700067 PM 16090992 ER PT J AU Pan, W Xia, JS Stormer, HL Tsui, DC Vicente, CL Adams, ED Sullivan, NS Pfeiffer, LN Baldwin, KW West, KW AF Pan, W Xia, JS Stormer, HL Tsui, DC Vicente, CL Adams, ED Sullivan, NS Pfeiffer, LN Baldwin, KW West, KW TI Quantization of the diagonal resistance: Density gradients and the empirical resistance rule in a 2D system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EDGE-STATE TRANSPORT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRON-GAS; HALL REGIME; QUANTUM; DELOCALIZATION; BACKSCATTERING; DEPENDENCE; REGIONS AB We have observed quantization of the diagonal resistance, R-xx, at the edges of several quantum Hall states. Each quantized R-xx value is close to the difference between the two adjacent Hall plateaus in the off-diagonal resistance, R-xy. Peaks in R-xx occur at different positions in positive and negative magnetic fields. Practically all R-xx features can be explained quantitatively by a 1%/cm electron density gradient. Therefore, R-xx is determined by R-xy and unrelated to the diagonal resistivity rho(xx). Our findings throw an unexpected light on the empirical resistivity rule for 2D systems. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07954 USA. RP Pan, W (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 066808 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.066808 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700053 PM 16090978 ER PT J AU Schmeltzer, D Saxena, A Bishop, AR Smith, DL AF Schmeltzer, D Saxena, A Bishop, AR Smith, DL TI Persistent spin currents without spin-orbit coupling in a spin-1/2 ring SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LUTTINGER LIQUID; PHASE; FIELD AB We show that a spatially dependent magnetic field can induce a persistent spin current in a spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic ring, proportional to the solid angle subtended by the magnetic field on a unit sphere. The magnitude of the spin current is determined by the ratio of longitudinal and transverse exchange interactions J(parallel to)/J(perpendicular to) and by the magnetic field magnitude. C1 CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schmeltzer, D (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM david@sci.ccny.cuny.edu NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 066807 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.066807 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700052 PM 16090977 ER PT J AU Sort, J Hoffmann, A Chung, SH Buchanan, KS Grimsditch, M Baro, MD Dieny, B Nogues, J AF Sort, J Hoffmann, A Chung, SH Buchanan, KS Grimsditch, M Baro, MD Dieny, B Nogues, J TI Magnetization reversal in submicron disks: Exchange biased vortices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL; FABRICATION; MICROSTRUCTURES; NANOSTRUCTURES; MECHANISMS; ANISOTROPY; PERMALLOY; FIELD; DOTS AB Submicron, circular, ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic dots exhibit different magnetization reversal mechanisms depending on the direction of the magnetic applied field. Shifted, constricted hysteresis loops, typical for vortex formation, are observed for fields along the exchange bias direction. However, for fields applied close to perpendicular to the exchange bias direction, magnetization reversal occurs via coherent rotation. Magnetic force microscopy imaging together with micromagnetic simulations are used to further clarify the different magnetic switching behaviors. C1 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CEA, CNRS, URA 2512, SPINTEC, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Sort, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. EM jordi.sort@uab.es RI Baro, Maria Dolors/A-2096-2009; Nogues, Josep/D-7791-2012; Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009; Sort, Jordi/F-6582-2014; OI Baro, Maria Dolors/0000-0002-8636-1063; Nogues, Josep/0000-0003-4616-1371; Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767; Sort, Jordi/0000-0003-1213-3639; Buchanan, Kristen/0000-0003-0879-0038 NR 30 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 067201 DI 10.1109/PhysRevLett.95.067201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700057 PM 16090982 ER PT J AU Tanatar, MA Paglione, J Nakatsuji, S Hawthorn, DG Boaknin, E Hill, RW Ronning, F Sutherland, M Taillefer, L Petrovic, C Canfield, PC Fisk, Z AF Tanatar, MA Paglione, J Nakatsuji, S Hawthorn, DG Boaknin, E Hill, RW Ronning, F Sutherland, M Taillefer, L Petrovic, C Canfield, PC Fisk, Z TI Unpaired electrons in the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORBITAL-DEPENDENT SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SR2RUO4; STATES; BANDS AB Thermal conductivity and specific heat were measured in the superconducting state of the heavy-fermion material Ce1-xLaxCoIn5. With increasing impurity concentration x, the suppression of T-c is accompanied by the increase in residual electronic specific heat expected of a d-wave superconductor, but it occurs in parallel with a decrease in residual electronic thermal conductivity. This contrasting behavior reveals the presence of uncondensed electrons coexisting with nodal quasiparticles. An extreme multiband scenario is proposed, with a d-wave superconducting gap on the heavy-electron sheets of the Fermi surface and a negligible gap on the light, three-dimensional pockets. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Phys, Regrp Quebecois Mat Pointe, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tanatar, MA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM tanatar@ims.ac.jp RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Hawthorn, David/I-6491-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Hawthorn, David/0000-0002-7002-0416; NR 36 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 AR 067002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.067002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952PJ UT WOS:000231017700056 PM 16090981 ER PT J AU Campisi, J AF Campisi, J TI Cancer - Suppressing cancer: The importance of being senescent SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FIBROBLASTS; GROWTH; CELLS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcampisi@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 157 Z9 171 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5736 BP 886 EP 887 DI 10.1126/science.1116801 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 953SS UT WOS:000231101400030 PM 16081723 ER PT J AU Kerfeld, CA Sawaya, MR Tanaka, S Nguyen, CV Phillips, M Beeby, M Yeates, TO AF Kerfeld, CA Sawaya, MR Tanaka, S Nguyen, CV Phillips, M Beeby, M Yeates, TO TI Protein structures forming the shell of primitive bacterial organelles SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; CARBOXYSOME SHELL; POLYHEDRAL BODIES; VIRUS; PROKARYOTES; CYANOBACTERIA; HOMOLOGS AB Bacterial microcompartments are primitive organelles composed entirely of protein subunits. Genomic sequence databases reveal the widespread occurrence of microcompartments across diverse microbes. The prototypical bacterial microcompartment is the carboxysome, a protein shell for sequestering carbon fixation reactions. We report three-dimensional crystal structures of multiple carboxysome shell proteins, revealing a hexameric unit as the basic microcompartment building block and showing how these hexamers assemble to form flat facets of the polyhedral shell. The structures suggest how molecular transport across the shell may be controlled and how structural variations might govern the assembly and architecture of these subcellular compartments. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Inst Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Yeates, TO (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM yeates@mbi.ucla.edu RI Beeby, Morgan/G-2768-2013 OI Beeby, Morgan/0000-0001-6413-9835 NR 30 TC 199 Z9 203 U1 8 U2 64 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5736 BP 936 EP 938 DI 10.1126/science.1113397 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 953SS UT WOS:000231101400047 PM 16081736 ER PT J AU Hung, CC Santschi, PH Gillow, JB AF Hung, CC Santschi, PH Gillow, JB TI Isolation and characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar II SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE polysaccharides; extracellular polysaccharides; uronic acids; GC-MS; Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar II ID URONIC-ACIDS; HEAVY-METALS; MONOSACCHARIDES; BIOSORPTION; SEAWATER; SORPTION; SULFATE; PHASE AB Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) were isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar II through repeated ethanol precipitations. The neutral monosaccharides in the EPS that were determined by GC-MS consisted of rhamnose, fucose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose. The acidic groups in the EPS were mainly composed of carboxylic acid and other minor polyanionic groups, e.g. sulphate and phosphate. Up to 70% of total carbohydrates were uronic acids, and total carbohydrates made up 26-31% of organic carbon. Besides the neutral and acidic sugars in the EPS, EPS also contained 2% of proteins in terms of carbon. The characterization of the main components of the EPS should increase our understanding of the potential binding sites for trace metals and radionuclides to these exopolymeric biosorbents. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, LOER, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Inst Marine Environm Chem & Ecol, Chilung 20224, Taiwan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hung, CC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, LOER, 5007 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. EM hungc@tamug.edu RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012 NR 29 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 61 IS 2 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.04.008 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 954PW UT WOS:000231168000003 ER PT J AU Graham, DC Beran, GJO Head-Gordon, M Christian, G Stranger, R Yates, BF AF Graham, DC Beran, GJO Head-Gordon, M Christian, G Stranger, R Yates, BF TI Nitrogen activation via three-coordinate molybdenum complexes: Comparison of density functional theory performance with wave function based methods SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; HARMONIC VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; COUPLED-CLUSTER SINGLES; N BOND-CLEAVAGE; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; DINITROGEN CLEAVAGE; POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; ACYLPEROXO COMPLEXES; MEDIATED EPOXIDATION AB Obtaining an accurate theoretical model for the activation of dinitrogen by three-coordinate molybdenum amide complexes (e.g. Mo(NH2)(3)) is difficult due to the interaction of various high- and low-spin open-shell complexes along the reaction coordinate which must be treated with comparable levels of accuracy in order to obtain reasonable potential energy surfaces. Density functional theory with present-day functionals is a popular choice in this situation; however, the dinitrogen activation reaction energetics vary substantially with the choice of functional. An assessment of the reaction using specialized wave function based methods indicates that although current density functionals in general agree qualitatively on the mechanistic details of the reaction, a variety of high-level electron correlation methods (including CCSD(T), OD(T), CCSD(2), KS-CCSD(T), and spin-flip CCSD) provide a consistent but slightly different representation of the system. C1 Univ Tasmania, Sch Chem, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Yates, BF (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Chem, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM Brian.Yates@utas.edu.au RI Beran, Gregory/B-8684-2011; Yates, Brian/J-7540-2014 OI Beran, Gregory/0000-0002-2229-2580; Yates, Brian/0000-0001-9663-3301 NR 74 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 6762 EP 6772 DI 10.1021/jp044217h PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 950ZC UT WOS:000230897000019 PM 16834030 ER PT J AU Vijayan, K Discher, DE Lal, J Janmey, P Goulian, M AF Vijayan, K Discher, DE Lal, J Janmey, P Goulian, M TI Interactions of membrane-active peptides with thick, neutral, nonzwitterionic bilayers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PORE FORMATION; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; VESICLES; ALAMETHICIN; FUSION; MODEL; STABILITY; MECHANISM; CHANNEL; SOLUBILIZATION AB Alamethicin is a well-studied channel-forming peptide that has a prototypical amphipathic helix structure. It permeabilizes both microbial and mammalian cell membranes, causing loss of membrane polarization and leakage of endogenous contents. Antimicrobial peptide-lipid systems have been studied quite extensively and have led to significant advancements in membrane biophysics. These studies have been performed on lipid bilayers that are generally charged or zwitterionic and restricted to a thickness range of 3-5 nm. Bilayers of amphiphilic diblock copolymers are a relatively new class of membranes that can have significantly different physicochernical properties compared with those of lipid membranes. In particular, they can be made uncharged, nonzwitterionic, and much thicker than their lipid counterparts. In an effort to extend studies of membraneprotein interactions to these synthetic membranes, we have characterized the interactions of alamethicin and several other membrane-active peptides with diblock copolymer bilayers. We find that although alamethicin is too small to span the bilayer, the peptide interacts with, and ruptures, thick polymer membranes. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Med & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Discher, DE (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL067286, R01 HL067286-04, R01 HL67286]; NIBIB NIH HHS [R21 EB004000, R21 EB004000-02] NR 38 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14356 EP 14364 DI 10.1021/jp050060x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500018 PM 16852806 ER PT J AU Lin, YH Cui, XL Yen, C Wai, CM AF Lin, YH Cui, XL Yen, C Wai, CM TI Platinum/carbon nanotube nanocomposite synthesized in supercritical fluid as electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION; CATHODE CATALYST; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRODES; BIOSENSORS; PERFORMANCE; FABRICATION AB Carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) using platinum(II) acetylacetonate as metal precursor. The structure of the catalysts has been characterized with transmission electron micrograph (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM images show that the platinum particles' size is in the range of 5-10 nm. XPS analysis indicates the presence of zero-valence platinum. The Pt-CNT exhibited high catalytic activity both for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction. The higher catalytic activity has been attributed to the large surface area of carbon nanombes and the decrease in the overpotential for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction. Cyclic voltammetric measurements at different scan rates showed that the oxygen reduction reaction at the Pt-CNT electrode is a diffusion-controlled process. Analysis of the electrode kinetics using Tafel plot suggests that Pt-CNT from scCO(2) provides a strong electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction. For the methanol oxidation reaction, a high ratio of forward anodic peak current to reverse anodic peak current was observed at room temperature, which implies good oxidation of methanol to carbon dioxide on the Pt-CNT electrode. This work demonstrates that Pt-CNT nanocomposites synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide are effective electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yuehe.lin@pnl.gov; xiaolicui@fudan.edu.cn RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 60 TC 272 Z9 278 U1 12 U2 121 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14410 EP 14415 DI 10.1021/jp0514675 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500025 PM 16852813 ER PT J AU Mayrhofer, KJJ Blizanac, BB Arenz, M Stamenkovic, VR Ross, PN Markovic, NM AF Mayrhofer, KJJ Blizanac, BB Arenz, M Stamenkovic, VR Ross, PN Markovic, NM TI The impact of geometric and surface electronic properties of Pt-catalysts on the particle size effect in electocatalysis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CO MONOLAYER OXIDATION; PLATINUM CRYSTALLITE SIZE; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ACID-SOLUTIONS; ZERO CHARGE; PHOSPHORIC-ACID; IN-SITU; ELECTROCATALYSIS; CLUSTERS; ELECTROOXIDATION AB The particle size effect on the formation of OH adlayer, the CO bulk oxidation, and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been studied on Pt nanoparticles in perchloric acid electrolyte. From measurements of the CO displacement charge at controlled potential, the corresponding surface charge density versus potential curves yielded the potentials of total zero charge (pztc), which shifts approximately 35 mV negative by decreasing the particle size from 30 nm down to 1 nm. As a consequence, the energy of adsorption of OH is more enhanced, that is, at the same potential the surface coverage with OH increases by decreasing the particle size, which in turn affects the catalytic reactions thereon. The impact of the electronically induced potential shift in the OH adsorption is demonstrated at the CO bulk oxidation, in which adsorbed OH is an educt species and promotes the reaction, and the ORR, where it can act as a surface site blocking species and inhibits the reaction. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mayrhofer, KJJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM karl.mayrhofer@gmx.net RI Mayrhofer, Karl/D-4166-2009; Arenz, Matthias/C-7385-2009; Arenz, Matthias/C-3195-2016 OI Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315; Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315 NR 49 TC 384 Z9 387 U1 26 U2 173 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14433 EP 14440 DI 10.1021/jp051735z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500028 PM 16852816 ER PT J AU Dattelbaum, AM Amweg, ML Ruiz, JD Ecke, LE Shreve, AP Parikh, AN AF Dattelbaum, AM Amweg, ML Ruiz, JD Ecke, LE Shreve, AP Parikh, AN TI Surfactant removal and silica condensation during the photochemical calcination of thin film silica mesophases SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; INFRARED-SPECTRA; OZONE TREATMENT; MCM-41; DEGRADATION; MECHANISM; EVOLUTION; CATALYSIS; TEMPLATE; FTIR AB The evolution of photochemical surfactant removal and silica condensation from organically templated thin film silica nanocomposites with mesoscopic ordering has been probed using a combined application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and single wavelength ellipsometry. Thin films of silica nanocomposites were prepared by a previously reported evaporation-induced self-assembly process. Specifically, oxidized silicon and gold substrates were withdrawn at 25 mm/min from a subcritical micelle concentration solution containing an ethylene oxide surfactant as a structure-directing agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silica precursor. Real-time grazing incidence difference FT-IR spectra of the nanocomposite films on gold taken during exposure to short-wavelength ultraviolet light (184-257 nm) show that surfactant removal and silica condensation occur gradually and concomitantly. Surfactant removal and silica reconstructions were found to be nearly complete after 90 min of exposure. Further, a transient feature was observed in the FT-IR spectra around 1713 cm(-1) during the UV exposure process and was assigned to a carbonyl (C=O) stretching mode absorption, reflecting the transient formation of a partially oxidized surfactant intermediate. From these data we propose a stepwise model for surfactant removal from the nanocomposite films. Ellipsometrically determined index of refraction values collected as a function of UV exposure are also shown to support such a stepwise mechanism of surfactant removal from the ordered nanocomposite silica thin film mesophases studied here. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dattelbaum, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14551 EP 14556 DI 10.1021/jp051401 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500046 PM 16852834 ER PT J AU Reichman, DR Rabani, E Geissler, PL AF Reichman, DR Rabani, E Geissler, PL TI Comparison of dynamical heterogeneity in hard-sphere and attractive glass formers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; LENNARD-JONES LIQUID; TRANSITION; MODEL; DIFFUSION AB Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have determined that the nature of dynamical heterogeneity in jammed liquids is very sensitive to short-ranged attractions. Weakly attractive systems differ little from dense hard-sphere and Lennard-Jones fluids. Particle motion is punctuated and tends to proceed in steps of roughly a single particle diameter. Both of these basic features change in the presence of appreciable short-ranged attractions. Transient periods of particle mobility and immobility cannot be discerned at intermediate attraction strength, for which structural relaxation is greatly enhanced. Strong attractions, known to dramatically inhibit relaxation, restore bimodality of particle motion. But in this regime, transiently mobile particles move in steps that are significantly more biased toward large displacements than those in the case of weak attractions. This modified feature of dynamical heterogeneity, which cannot be captured by conventional mode coupling theory, verifies recent predictions from a model of spatially correlated facilitating defects. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Chem, Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Geissler, PL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM geissier@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Rabani, Eran/M-1263-2013 OI Rabani, Eran/0000-0003-2031-3525 NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14654 EP 14658 DI 10.1021/jp044559n PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500061 PM 16852849 ER PT J AU Davidovits, P Worsnop, DR Williams, LR Kolb, CE Gershenzon, M AF Davidovits, P Worsnop, DR Williams, LR Kolb, CE Gershenzon, M TI Comment on "Mass accommodation coefficient of water: Molecular dynamics simulation and revised analysis of droplet train/flow reactor experiment" SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Editorial Material ID SULFURIC-ACID-SOLUTIONS; LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; GAS-PHASE DIFFUSION; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; SURFACE; CLONO2; TEMPERATURE; N2O5 C1 Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Merkert Chem Ctr, Boston, MA 02167 USA. Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Aerosol & Cloud Chem, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Davidovits, P (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Merkert Chem Ctr, Boston, MA 02167 USA. EM paul.davidovits@bc.edu RI Kolb, Charles/A-8596-2009; Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009 OI Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017 NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 30 BP 14742 EP 14746 DI 10.1021/jp0449915 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950YY UT WOS:000230896500071 PM 16852859 ER PT J AU Fairlie, D Zachos, C AF Fairlie, D Zachos, C TI Vertex ring-indexed Lie algebras SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL ALGEBRAS; ONSAGER ALGEBRA; LATTICE AB Infinite-dimensional Lie algebras are introduced, which are only partially graded, and are specified by indices lying on cyclotomic rings. They may be thought of as generalizations of the Onsager algebra, but unlike it, or its sl(n) generalizations, they are not subalgebras of the loop algebras associated with sl(n). In a particular interesting case associated with sl(3), their indices lie on the Eisenstein integer triangular lattice, and these algebras are expected to underlie vertex operator combinations in CFT, brane physics, and graphite monolayers. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Durham, Dept Math Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fairlie, D (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Math Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM david.fairlie@durham.ac.uk; zachos@anl.gov RI zachos, cosmas/C-4366-2014 OI zachos, cosmas/0000-0003-4379-3875 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 4 PY 2005 VL 620 IS 3-4 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.033 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 948LX UT WOS:000230718400014 ER PT J AU Gamwo, IK Gidaspow, D Jung, JW AF Gamwo, IK Gidaspow, D Jung, JW TI Optimum catalyst size for slurry bubble column reactors SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; METHANOL SYNTHESIS; GRANULAR TEMPERATURE; MASS-TRANSFER; PARTICLES; FLOW; SIMULATION AB A mathematical model to describe the hydrodynamics of the slurry bubble-column reactor (SBCR) for converting synthesis gas into liquid fuels has been developed. This model includes the complete granular temperature balance based on the kinetic theory of granular flow. The kinetic theory model and the computer code(1) were extended to include the effect of the mass-transfer coefficient between the liquid and gas and the water gas shift reaction in the Air Products/DOE LaPorte SBCR. In this model, the mass-transfer coefficient is an input. It was estimated from a relationship between the fundamental equations of the boundary layers and the turbulent kinetic energy of particles (granular temperature) computed by the hydrodynamic model with no reaction. We have varied the particle size from 20 to 100 mu m and discovered a maximum in the granular temperature. For the particles over this range, the mass-transfer coefficient has the highest values. With reaction, this model was used to predict the slurry height, gas holdup, and rate of methanol production of the Air Products/DOE LaPorte SBCR. The computed granular temperature was around 30 cm(2)/s(2), and the computed catalyst viscosity was close to 1.0 cP, as shown by Wu and Gidaspow (Chem. Eng. Sci. 2000, 55, 573). The estimated volumetric mass-transfer coefficient has a good agreement with experimental values shown in the literature. A critical issue in the SBCR that has not been addressed in the literature is that of optimum particle size. The optimum size was determined for maximum methanol production in a SBCR. The size was about 60-70 mu m, which was found for maximum granular temperature in the model with no reaction. C1 IIT, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Gidaspow, D (reprint author), IIT, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM gidaspow@iit.edu NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG 3 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 6393 EP 6402 DI 10.1021/ie049205x PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 950AA UT WOS:000230828800049 ER PT J AU Sarsani, VR Wang, Y Subramaniam, B AF Sarsani, VR Wang, Y Subramaniam, B TI Toward stable solid acid catalysts for 1-butene plus isobutane alkylation: Investigations of heteropolyacids in dense CO2 media SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; Y-ZEOLITE; SILICA; MCM-41; SALT AB Heteropolyacid (HPA) catalysts and their cesium salts were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for the alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene. Steady butene conversion and C-8 alkylates production were demonstrated for over 50 h in dense CO2-enhanced reaction media in both a fixed bed reactor and a CSTR operated at 368 K, 80 bar, and molar feed isobutane/olefin ratio of 5 with 70 mol % CO2. The C-8 alkylates selectivity is highest (similar to 25%) on HPA/SiO2, observed in a CSTR operated at an olefin space velocity of 0.05 h(-1). This value is comparable to that obtained at similar operating conditions with Nafion/SiO2 (SAC-25), an ion-exchange resin. The cesium salts of HPA (either supported or unsupported) show high selectivity toward dimerization (> 60%). The estimated effective alkylation rate constant is highest for SAC-25 closely followed by 70% HPA/SiO2. On all the catalysts tested, effective alkylation rate constants are 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the dimerization rate constant. Hence, the design of solid acid catalysts that provide stable, industrially attractive C-8 alkylates selectivity (70+%) remains a challenge. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Ctr Environm Beneficial Catalysis, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Subramaniam, B (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Ctr Environm Beneficial Catalysis, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM bsubramaniam@ku.edu RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG 3 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 16 BP 6491 EP 6495 DI 10.1021/ie048911v PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 950AA UT WOS:000230828800059 ER PT J AU Yan, WF Mahurin, SM Pan, ZW Overbury, SH Dai, S AF Yan, WF Mahurin, SM Pan, ZW Overbury, SH Dai, S TI Ultrastable Au nanocatalyst supported on surface-modified TiO2 nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE CO OXIDATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; EPOXIDATION; BROOKITE; TITANIA C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 22 TC 145 Z9 146 U1 9 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 3 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 30 BP 10480 EP 10481 DI 10.1021/ja053191k PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 950BC UT WOS:000230831600013 PM 16045322 ER PT J AU Dyer, RB Maness, SJ Franzen, S Fesinmeyer, RM Olsen, KA Andersen, NH AF Dyer, RB Maness, SJ Franzen, S Fesinmeyer, RM Olsen, KA Andersen, NH TI Hairpin folding dynamics: The cold-denatured state is predisposed for rapid refolding SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ANTIPARALLEL BETA-SHEET; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE-JUMP; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; FAST EVENTS; RELAXATION DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; PROTEIN; STABILITY AB Cold denaturation is a general phenomenon in globular proteins, and the associated cold-denatured states of proteins have important fundamental and practical significance. Here, we have characterized the cold-denatured state of a beta-hairpin forming peptide, MrH3a, in 8% hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) and the dynamics of its refolding following a laser-induced T-jump. beta-Hairpins constitute an important class of protein structural elements, yet their folding mechanisms are not fully understood. Characterization of MrH3a using NMR, CD, and IR spectroscopies reveals residual structure in the cold-denatured state, in contrast with the highly disordered heat-denatured state. The residual structure in the cold-denatured state comprises relatively compact and solvent protected conformations. Furthermore, we find a substantial acceleration in the rate of folding from the cold-denatured state compared to that of the heat-denatured state. In addition, the cold-denatured state is not populated in 20% HFIP; folding occurs only from the fully unfolded state and is significantly slower. We interpret the acceleration of the folding rate of MrH3a in 8% HFIP as a direct consequence of the collapsed conformations of the cold-denatured state. Finally, there may be some reduction of the loop search cost when starting from the cold-denatured state, since this state may have some of the stabilizing cross-strand interactions already formed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Dyer, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bdyer@lanl.gov; andersen@chem.washington.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM59658, GM53640] NR 59 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 30 BP 10406 EP 10415 DI 10.1021/bi050698z PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 950TG UT WOS:000230879900046 PM 16042418 ER PT J AU Levine, J Becker, TA Muller, RA Renne, PR AF Levine, J Becker, TA Muller, RA Renne, PR TI Ar-40/Ar-39 dating of Apollo 12 impact spherules SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLASS; ORIGIN; MOON AB We have used the Ar-40/Ar-39 isochron technique to determine ages of 81 lunar spherules from Apollo 12 soil sample 12023. Most spherules are created in meteoroid impacts, and their ages correspond to the timing of the impacts that formed them. Of the 81 impacts we have dated, most occurred in the last 500 million years. The abundance of spherules from the most recent similar to 10% of the history of the Moon is consistent with an increase in the meteoroid bombardment of the inner Solar System, but does not require this explanation. The soil sample from which we extracted our spherules was from the ejecta of a recent impact; our spherule age measurements support models of lunar soil mechanics and impact cratering in which ejecta are stratified and inverted relative to the stratigraphy that was present before the impact. C1 Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Levine, J (reprint author), Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Dept Fis, Lab TANDAR, Ave Libertador 8250, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM prenne@bgc.org NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 15 AR L15201 DI 10.1029/2005GL022874. PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 954GE UT WOS:000231141300002 ER PT J AU Huang, ML McCallum, RW Lograsso, TA AF Huang, ML McCallum, RW Lograsso, TA TI Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the Nd-Ni system SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Nd-Ni phase diagram; thermal analysis; thermodynamic modeling ID RARE-EARTH COMPOUNDS; MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASES; NICKEL; PR; TRANSITION; ELEMENTS; ALLOYS; METALS AB The Nd-Ni system has been investigated via experiments and thermodynamic modeling. In the experimental part, alloys across the entire composition range were prepared by arc melting pure Nd and Ni slugs and annealing the alloys at 500 degrees C (< 70 at.% Ni) and 800 degrees C (> 70 at.% Ni) for 2 weeks. The annealed alloys were then subjected to differential scanning calorimetry and differential thermal analysis (DTA) measurements to determine the invariant reaction temperatures. Except for the peritectic reaction liquid + Nd7Ni3 <-> Nd3Ni and the polymorphous phase transformation of Nd2Ni7 found in this study, all the other invariant reactions are confirmed to be the same types but with significant different temperatures as reported results. In the modeling part, the available phase equilibrium and thermodynamic data in the Nd-Ni system were analyzed by using thermodynamic models for the Gibbs energies of individual phases. An optimal set of thermodynamic parameters were obtained using WinPhad software. The calculated phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties from the model parameters were compared to the corresponding experimental data and good agreement was obtained. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Huang, ML (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mhuang@ameslab.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.02.037 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 940PK UT WOS:000230156200023 ER PT J AU Xiong, ZT Hu, JJ Wu, GT Chen, P Luo, WF Gross, K Wang, J AF Xiong, ZT Hu, JJ Wu, GT Chen, P Luo, WF Gross, K Wang, J TI Thermodynamic and kinetic investigations of the hydrogen storage in the Li-Mg-N-H system SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen storage; ternary imide; heat-of-desorption; activation energy ID ALUMINUM HYDRIDES; DESTABILIZATION; CALORIMETRY; IMIDES AB Hydrogen desorption from the mixture of Mg(NH2)(2) and 2LiH presents two pressure-dependent segments at a given temperature - similar to 2/3 of the hydrogen is released at relatively higher pressures and forms a pressure plateau and the other 1/3 is desorbed at lower pressures. The overall reaction heat measured in a differential scanning calorimeter is 44.1 kJ/mol H-2, while the heat-of-desorption of H-2 in the higher pressure plateau is about 38.9 kJ/mol H-2, a favorable thermodynamics for PEM Fuel Cell application. However, the relatively higher activation energy (E-a = 102 kJ/mol) sets a kinetic barrier. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 119542, Singapore. Sandia Natl Labs, Analyt Mat Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119542, Singapore. EM phychenp@nus.edu.sg OI Yang, Shuman/0000-0002-9638-0890 NR 22 TC 173 Z9 179 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.02.010 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 940PK UT WOS:000230156200040 ER PT J AU Easton, DS Schneibel, JH Speakman, SA AF Easton, DS Schneibel, JH Speakman, SA TI Factors affecting hydrogen release from lithium alanate (LiAlH4) SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen storage materials; high-energy ball milling; X-ray diffraction ID DESORPTION AB The release of hydrogen from two batches of milled LiAlH4-2 mol% TiCl3 was studied by temperature-programmed desorption and in-situ X-ray diffraction. Milling at room temperature can cause decomposition into Li3AlH6. Our results suggest that the decomposition occurs because the TiCl3 addition reduces the temperature of the LiAlH4 to Li3AlH6 decomposition to values near room temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schneibel, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM schneibeljh@ornl.gov NR 6 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.02.017 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 940PK UT WOS:000230156200042 ER PT J AU Luo, J Chiang, YM Cannon, RM AF Luo, J Chiang, YM Cannon, RM TI Nanometer-thick surficial films in oxides as a case of prewetting SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID INTERGRANULAR AMORPHOUS FILMS; EQUILIBRIUM-THICKNESS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SILICON-NITRIDE; POLYCRYSTALLINE CERAMICS; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY; BI2O3-DOPED ZNO; CRITICAL-POINT; ZINC-OXIDE; SURFACES AB Stable, nanometer-thick films are observed to form at the {1120} facets of Bi(2)O(3)-doped ZnO in several bulk-phase stability fields. Electron microscopy shows these surficial films to exhibit some degree of partial order in quenched samples. The equilibrium film thickness, corresponding to the Gibbs excess solute, decreases monotonically with decreasing temperature until vanishing at a dewetting temperature, well below the eutectic. Assuming that perfect wetting occurs at some higher temperature above the eutectic, as is observed on polycrystal surfaces and at grain boundaries in the same system, the adsorption and wetting events in this system illustrate temperature- and composition-dependent prewetting. The observation of a second class of thicker films coexisting with nanodroplets and a numerical evaluation of thickness versus temperature elucidate the critical role of volumetric thermodynamic terms in determining film stability and thickness. Analogous temperature-dependent surface films involving adsorbed MoO(3) on Al(2)O(3) were also observed. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC USA. Clemson Univ, Ctr Opt Mat Sci & Engn Technol, Clemson, SC USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chiang, YM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Luo, Jian/A-4777-2008 NR 38 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 16 BP 7358 EP 7365 DI 10.1021/la0505420 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 950EE UT WOS:000230839600045 PM 16042466 ER PT J AU Feil, H Feil, WS Chain, P Larimer, F DiBartolo, G Copeland, A Lykidis, A Trong, S Nolan, M Goltsman, E Thiel, J Malfatti, S Loper, JE Lapidus, A Detter, JC Land, M Richardson, PM Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, N Lindow, SE AF Feil, H Feil, WS Chain, P Larimer, F DiBartolo, G Copeland, A Lykidis, A Trong, S Nolan, M Goltsman, E Thiel, J Malfatti, S Loper, JE Lapidus, A Detter, JC Land, M Richardson, PM Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, N Lindow, SE TI Comparison of the complete genome sequences of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a and pv. tomato DC3000 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE virulence genes; epiphyte; plant pathogen ID GENE-CLUSTER; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; SYRINGOMYCIN PRODUCTION; RADIATION TOLERANCE; SIGMA-FACTOR; BIOSYNTHESIS; SYRINGOPEPTIN; ARABIDOPSIS; AERUGINOSA; BACTERIA AB The complete genomic sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a (Pss B728a) has been determined and is compared with that of A syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). The two pathovars of this economically important species of plant pathogenic bacteria differ in host range and other interactions with plants, with Pss having a more pronounced epiphytic stage of growth and higher abiotic stress tolerance and Pst DC3000 having a more pronounced apoplastic growth habitat. The Pss B728a genome (6.1 Mb) contains a circular chromosome and no plasmid, whereas the Pst DC3000 genome is 6.5 mbp in size, composed of a circular chromosome and two plasmids. Although a high degree of similarity exists between the two sequenced Pseudomonads, 976 protein-encoding genes are unique to Pss B728a when compared with Pst DC3000, including large genomic islands likely to contribute to virulence and host specificity. Over 375 repetitive extragenic palindromic sequences unique to Pss B728a when compared with Pst DC3000 are widely distributed throughout the chromosome except in 14 genomic islands, which generally had lower GC content than the genome as a whole. Content of the genomic islands varies, with one containing a prophage and another the plasmid pKLC102 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Among the 976 genes of Pss B728a with no counterpart in Pst DC3000 are those encoding for syringopeptin, syringomycin, indole acetic acid biosynthesis, arginine degradation, and production of ice nuclei. The genomic comparison suggests that several unique genes for Pss B728a such as ectoine synthase, DNA repair, and antibiotic production may contribute to the epiphytic fitness and stress tolerance of this organism. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lindow, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM icelab@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013 OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731 NR 51 TC 245 Z9 821 U1 3 U2 32 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 2 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 31 BP 11064 EP 11069 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504930102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 953TC UT WOS:000231102400060 PM 16043691 ER PT J AU Yun, H Jing, S Ting, W Yu, YK Chen, FQF Yang, J AF Yun, H Jing, S Ting, W Yu, YK Chen, FQF Yang, J TI A lipidomic study of the effects of N-methyl-N '-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on sphingomyelin metabolism SO ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA LA English DT Article DE lipidomics; mass spectrometry; ceramide; sphingomyelin; acid sphingomyelinase ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; SHOTGUN LIPIDOMICS; CRUDE EXTRACTS; CELL-DEATH; SPHINGOLIPIDS; CERAMIDE; PATHWAY; QUANTITATION; APOPTOSIS AB Systems biology is a new and rapidly developing research area in which, by quantitatively describing the interaction among all the individual components of a cell, a systems-level understanding of a biological response can be achieved. Therefore, it requires high-throughput measurement technologies for biological molecules, such as genomic and proteomic approaches for DNA/RNA and protein, respectively. Recently, a new concept, lipidomics, which utilizes the mass spectrometry (MS) method for lipid analysis, has been proposed. Using this lipidorr& approach, the effects of N-methyl-AP-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) on sphingomyelin metabolism, a major class of sphingolipids, were evaluated. Sphingomyelin molecules were extracted from cells and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight MS. It was found that MNNG induced profound changes in sphingomyelin metabolism, including the appearance of some new sphingomyelin species and the disappearance of some others, and the concentrations of several sphingomyelin species also changed. This was accompanied by the redistribution of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a key player in sphingomyelin metabolism. On the other hand, imipramine, an inhibitor of ASM, caused the accumulation of sphingomyelin. It also prevented some of the effects of MNNG, as well as the redistribution of ASM. Taken together, these data suggested that the lipidomic approach is highly effective for the systematic analysis of cellular lipids metabolism. C1 Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Ct Environm Genomics, Dept Pathol & Pathophysiol, Hangzhou 310031, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biol Branch, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, J (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Ct Environm Genomics, Dept Pathol & Pathophysiol, Hangzhou 310031, Peoples R China. EM gastate@zju.edu.cn OI Huang, Yun/0000-0001-5950-9168 FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA112970, CA95393-01] NR 22 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1672-9145 J9 ACTA BIOCH BIOPH SIN JI Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 37 IS 8 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00073.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 958RK UT WOS:000231465200002 PM 16077898 ER PT J AU Ricci, JS Stevens, RC McMullan, RK Klooster, WT AF Ricci, JS Stevens, RC McMullan, RK Klooster, WT TI Structure of strontium hydroxide octahydrate, Sr(OH)(2)center dot 8H(2)O, at 20, 100 and 200 K from neutron diffraction SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER; EXTINCTION; BOND AB The crystal structure of Sr(OH)(2)(.)8H(2)O has been determined at 20, 100 and 200 K from neutron diffraction data. The structure consists of double layers of H2O and OH- ions separated by Sr2+ along the c axis. The Sr2+ ions are eightcoordinated by water O atoms in a square antiprism configuration. Each H2O molecule is engaged in three hydrogen bonds. The OH- ions form chains of acceptor and donor bonds along the fourfold axis with O atoms engaged in four bonds with H2O molecules, such that both non-equivalent O atoms have square-pyramidal environments of five H atoms and the overall bonding configurations of distorted octahedra. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ So Maine, Dept Chem, Portland, ME 04103 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol & Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Klooster, WT (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM wim@ansto.gov.au RI Stevens, Raymond/K-7272-2015 OI Stevens, Raymond/0000-0002-4522-8725 NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0108-7681 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 61 BP 381 EP 386 DI 10.1107/S0108768105013480 PN 4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 946UG UT WOS:000230598100003 PM 16041087 ER PT J AU Saikrishnan, K Manjunath, GP Singh, P Jeyakanthan, J Dauter, Z Sekar, K Muniyappa, K Vijayan, M AF Saikrishnan, K Manjunath, GP Singh, P Jeyakanthan, J Dauter, Z Sekar, K Muniyappa, K Vijayan, M TI Structure of Mycobacterium smegmatis single-stranded DNA-binding protein and a comparative study involving homologus SSBs: biological implications of structural plasticity and variability in quaternary association SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TUBERCULOSIS RECA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TERMINAL DOMAIN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; GLYCOSYLASES; RESOLUTION; MOLECULES AB The structure of Mycobacterium smegmatis single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) has been determined using three data sets collected from related crystals. The structure is similar to that of its homologue from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, indicating that the clamp arrangement that stabilizes the dimer and the ellipsoidal shape of the tetramer are characteristic features of mycobacterial SSBs. The central OB fold is conserved in mycobacterial SSBs as well as those from Escherichia coli, Deinococcus radiodurans and human mitochondria. However, the quaternary structure exhibits considerable variability. The observed plasticity of the subunit is related to this variability. The crystal structures and modelling provide a rationale for the variability. The strand involved in the clamp mechanism, which leads to higher stability of the tetramer, appears to occur in all high-G+C Gram-positive bacteria. The higher stability is perhaps required by these organisms. The mode of DNA binding of mycobacterial SSBs is different from that of E. coli SSB partly on account of the difference in the shape of the tetramers. Another difference between the two modes is that the former contains additional ionic interactions and is more susceptible to salt concentration. C1 Indian Inst Sci, Mol Biophys Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Indian Inst Sci, Dept Biochem, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Bioinformat Ctr, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Indian Inst Sci, Mol Biophys Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1399-0047 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 61 BP 1140 EP 1148 DI 10.1107/S0907444905016896 PN 8 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 947CU UT WOS:000230621500016 PM 16041080 ER PT J AU Watkins, HA Yu, MM Baker, EN AF Watkins, HA Yu, MM Baker, EN TI Cloning, expression, purification and preliminary crystallographic data for Rv3214 (EntD), a predicted cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYSTALLIZATION C1 Univ Auckland, Ctr Mol Biodiscovery, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Watkins, HA (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Ctr Mol Biodiscovery, 3A Symonds St,Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1, New Zealand. EM h.watkins@auckland.ac.nz NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 61 BP 753 EP 755 DI 10.1007/s1744309105020646 PN 8 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 971AS UT WOS:000232354100009 PM 16511148 ER PT J AU Kefala, G Perry, LJ Weiss, MS AF Kefala, G Perry, LJ Weiss, MS TI Cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of LysA (Rv1293) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DIAMINOPIMELATE DECARBOXYLASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUALITY C1 EMBL Hamburg Outstn, DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90053 USA. RP Weiss, MS (reprint author), EMBL Hamburg Outstn, DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. EM msweiss@embl-hamburg.de RI Weiss, Manfred/B-6857-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-75320] NR 10 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 61 BP 782 EP 784 DI 10.1107/S1744309105022839 PN 8 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 971AS UT WOS:000232354100018 PM 16511157 ER PT J AU Zhang, LH Johnson, E Dahmen, U AF Zhang, LH Johnson, E Dahmen, U TI Observations of vacancy-controlled decay of elastic strain caused by phase transformation of small Pb inclusions in Al SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE elastic strain; nanoscale inclusions; phase transformation; activation energy; in situ TEM ID DIFFRACTION CONTRAST; MELTING TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES; ALUMINUM; MATRIX; DIFFUSION; CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS; SHAPES AB The evolution of elastic strain caused by melting and solidification of small inclusions in aluminum was investigated by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The appearance and subsequent decay of elastic deformation during phase transformation of inclusions around 100 nm in size was observed directly by TEM, and the decay rate was determined as a function of temperature. The activation energy of the process was determined by using alloy composition and inclusion size to control the transformation temperature. Experiments conducted at 150 kV showed that elastic strain was accommodated by vacancy diffusion with an activation energy of 1.20 eV, in good agreement with the established value of 1.19 eV for self-diffusion in high-purity Al. Different rates observed at higher operating voltages were analyzed quantitatively in terms of radiation effects. The self-diffusion coefficient D-S = D-0 exp(- Q/kT) (with D-0 = 1.55 x 10(12) nm(2)/s and Q = 1.20 eV) derived from our data is in good agreement with the accepted values available in the literature. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Nano Sci Ctr, Dept Mat Res,RISO Natl Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Dahmen, U (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM udahmen@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 13 BP 3635 EP 3642 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.04.018 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 944SO UT WOS:000230449700009 ER PT J AU Zheng, GP Wang, YM Li, M AF Zheng, GP Wang, YM Li, M TI Atomistic simulation studies on deformation mechanism of nanocrystalline cobalt SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline cobalt; molecular dynamics simulation; deformation mechanism; twinning hcp metals ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; METALS; STRENGTH AB An approach is developed to investigate the deformation behavior of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) nanocrystalline (nc) cobalt by computer simulations. The microstructures are modeled by a grain growth theory, and the mechanical deformation behavior is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation in ne-cobalt samples with an average grain size of 10 nm. The deformation mechanisms are found to involve both full and partial dislocation activities. Despite the small stacking fault energy of nc-cobalt, surprisingly the deformation twinning is not prevalent in the model cobalt sample. The simulation suggests that unlike the easy twinning events in coarse-grained hcp metals, deformation of nanocrystalline cobalt is primarily controlled by partial dislocation slips and stacking faults. The continuous accumulation of deformation faults eventually leads to hcp to face-centred cubic allotropic phase transformation during tension and compression of ne-cobalt. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Zheng, GP (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech Engn, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM gpzheng@hku.hk RI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010 OI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/0000-0002-7161-2034 NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 14 BP 3893 EP 3901 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.04.038 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 954US UT WOS:000231181100012 ER PT J AU Goldstein, JC Rodier, F Garbe, JC Stampfer, MR Campisi, J AF Goldstein, JC Rodier, F Garbe, JC Stampfer, MR Campisi, J TI Caspase-independent cytochrome c release is a sensitive measure of low-level apoptosis in cell culture models SO AGING CELL LA English DT Article DE aging; cell death; crisis; DNA damage; fibroblasts; mammary epithelial cells ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; REPLICATIVE LIFE-SPAN; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; DNA-DAMAGE; SENESCENCE; DEATH; P53; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE; TELOMERASE; ARREST AB Age-associated loss of tissue function and several chronic diseases may derive in part from the cumulative effects of subtle changes in the level of apoptotic cell death. Because apoptosis is rapid and undetectable once complete, small changes in its incidence are difficult to detect, even in well-controlled cell cultures. We describe a new apoptosis assay that provides greater sensitivity than conventional assays because it measures the accumulation of apoptotic cells. Human and mouse fibroblasts and human mammary epithelial cells that initiated apoptosis were preserved for 3 days by inhibiting caspase activity using the chemical inhibitor Q-VD-OPH (QVD). Cells suspended in the process of apoptosis were scored by immunostaining for cytochrome c, which redistributed from mitochondria in healthy cells to the cytoplasm in dying cells. This caspase-independent cytochrome c release (CICR) assay was more sensitive than several conventional assays when apoptosis was induced by actinomycin D, and detected cumulative background levels of apoptosis over a 3-day interval. Using this assay, we show that normal fibroblasts undergo very little apoptosis upon X-irradiation, indicating dominance of the senescence response in this cell type. Further, apoptosis increased subtly but measurably when human mammary epithelial and skin fibroblast cells entered crisis, indicating that cell death during crisis is largely non-apoptotic. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcampisi@lbl.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [AG24015, AG17242] NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1474-9718 J9 AGING CELL JI Aging Cell PD AUG PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2005.00163.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 952OL UT WOS:000231015300006 PM 16026336 ER PT J AU Ewan, KBR Oketch-Rabah, HA Ravani, SA Shyamala, G Moses, HL Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Ewan, KBR Oketch-Rabah, HA Ravani, SA Shyamala, G Moses, HL Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI Proliferation of estrogen receptor-alpha-positive mammary epithelial cells is restrained by transforming growth factor-beta 1 in adult mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; BREAST-CANCER INCIDENCE; TGF-BETA; GLAND DEVELOPMENT; STEM-CELLS; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; KNOCKOUT MICE; IN-SITU; EXPRESSION; MOUSE AB Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 is a potent inhibitor of mammary epithelial proliferation. In human breast, estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha cells rarely colocalize with markers of proliferation, but their increased frequency correlates with breast cancer risk. To determine whether TGF-beta 1 is necessary for the quiescence of ER-a-positive populations, we examined mouse mammary epithelial glands at estrus. Approximately 35% of epithelial cells showed TGF-beta 1 activation, which co-localized with nuclear receptor-phosphorylated Smad 2/3, indicating that TGF-beta signaling is autocrine. Nuclear Smad co-localized with nuclear ER-a. To test whether TGF-beta inhibits proliferation, we examined genetically engineered mice with different levels of TGF-beta 1. ER-alpha co-localization with markers of proliferation (ie, Ki-67 or bromodeoxyuridine) at estrus was significantly increased in the mammary glands of Tgf beta 1 C57/bl/129SV heterozygote mice. This relationship was maintained after pregnancy but was absent at puberty. Conversely, mammary epithelial expression of constitutively active TGF-beta 1 via the MMTV promoter suppressed proliferation of ER-a-positive cells. Thus, TGF-,61 activation functionally restrains ER-alpha-positive cells from proliferating in adult mammary gland. Accordingly, we propose that TGF-beta 1 dysregulation may promote proliferation of ER-alpha-positive cells associated with breast cancer risk in humans. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Cardiff Wales, Cardiff Sch Biosci, Cardiff CF10 3US, Wales. EM mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov RI Ewan, Kenneth/N-3554-2015 OI Ewan, Kenneth/0000-0001-6622-9009 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG022413] NR 56 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 167 IS 2 BP 409 EP 417 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62985-9 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 951GN UT WOS:000230917600012 PM 16049327 ER PT J AU Webb, SM Tebo, BM Bargat, JR AF Webb, SM Tebo, BM Bargat, JR TI Structural characterization of biogenic Mn oxides produced in seawater by the marine bacillus sp strain SG-1 SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SYNTHETIC NA-BIRNESSITE; MANGANESE OXIDE; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; HEXAGONAL BIRNESSITE; RICH BIRNESSITE; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; DESERT VARNISH AB Natural Mn-oxide nanoparticles and grain coatings are ubiquitous in the environment and profoundly impact the water quality and quality of sediments through their ability to degrade and sequester contaminants. These oxides, which are believed to form dominantly via oxidation of Mn2+ by marine and freshwater bacteria, have extremely high sorptive capacities for heavy metals. We have used XANES, EXAFS, and synchrotron (SR)-XRD techniques to study biogenic Mn oxides produced by spores of the marine Bacillus sp. strain SG-1 in seawater as a function of reaction time under in-situ conditions. An EXAFS model was developed to fully account for the structure and features in the data, providing realistic structural information. The first observed biogenic solid-phase Mn-oxide product is a layered phyllomanganate with hexagonal sheet symmetry and an Mn-oxidation state similar to that in delta-MnO2, between 3.7 and 4.0. XRD and SEM-EDS data show the biooxides to have a phyllomanganate 10 angstrom basal plane spacing and an interlayer containing Ca. With time, a phyllomanganate oxide with pseudo-orthogonal sheet symmetry appears. Fits to these EXAFS spectra suggest the octahedral layers have relatively few Mn octahedral site vacancies in the lattice and the layers bend to accommodate Jahn-Teller distortions creating the change in symmetry. A reaction mechanism is proposed to account for the observed products. The phyllomanganate oxides observed in this study may be the same as the most abundant Mn-oxide phases suspended in the oxic and sub-oxic zones of the oceanic water column that are of global importance in trace metal and nutrient cycling. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Webb, SM (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM samwebb@slac.stanford.edu RI Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009; Tebo, Bradley/A-8432-2017 OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464; Tebo, Bradley/0000-0002-6301-4325 NR 63 TC 134 Z9 151 U1 4 U2 46 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD AUG-SEP PY 2005 VL 90 IS 8-9 BP 1342 EP 1357 DI 10.2138/am.2005.1669 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 957ZQ UT WOS:000231412500014 ER PT J AU Baker, GA Moore, DS AF Baker, GA Moore, DS TI Progress in plasmonic engineering of surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates toward ultra-trace analysis SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE surface-enhanced Raman scattering; surface plasmon resonance; nanoparticles; nanoshells; nanostructures; nanophotonics; plasmonics; single-molecule detection ID SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION; SILVER-ISLAND FILMS; RESOLVED NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT MONOLAYERS; RHODAMINE 6G MOLECULES; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; NOBLE-METAL NANOPARTICLES; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS AB This review describes advances made toward the application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in sensitive analysis and diagnostics. In the early sections of this review we briefly introduce the fundamentals of SERS including a discussion of SERS at the single-molecule level. Applications relevant to trace analysis, environmental monitoring, and homeland security and defense, for example high explosives and contaminant detection, are emphasized. Because the key to wider application of SERS analysis lies in the development of highly enhancing substrates, in the second half of the review we focus our attention on the extensive progress made in designing innovative soluble, supported, and ordered SERS-active nano-architectures to harness the potential of this technique toward solving current and emerging analytical tasks. No attempt or claim is made to review the field exhaustively in its entirety nor to cover all applications, but only to describe several significant milestones and progress made in these important areas and to provide some perspective on where the field is quickly moving. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Dynam Grp DX 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moore, DS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Dynam Grp DX 2, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM moored@lanl.gov RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013; Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016 OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730 NR 348 TC 304 Z9 307 U1 16 U2 175 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 382 IS 8 BP 1751 EP 1770 DI 10.1007/s00216-005-3353-7 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 956VD UT WOS:000231327100008 PM 16049671 ER PT J AU Russell, SC Czerwieniec, G Lebrilla, C Steele, P Riot, V Coffee, K Frank, M Gard, EE AF Russell, SC Czerwieniec, G Lebrilla, C Steele, P Riot, V Coffee, K Frank, M Gard, EE TI Achieving high detection sensitivity (14 zmol) of biomolecular ions in bioaerosol mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; BACILLUS SPORES; IDENTIFICATION; IONIZATION; BACTERIA; PROTEINS; BIOMARKERS AB Bioaerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS) performs single-cell analysis in real time. However, the specificity of BAMS mass signatures has been limited by low sensitivity at high masses. To increase the mass range and sensitivity of BAMS, a novel design was developed that utilizes a linear flight tube with delayed extraction and an electrostatic ion guide. Ibis study quantifies the sensitivity limits of the novel BAMS design and evaluates the feasibility of BAMS to detect higher mass biomarkers from single cells. All experiments were carried out using MALDI aerosol particles that were nebulized from solution. Sensitivity was assessed by generating particles with decreasing amounts of analyte via serial dilutions. The amount of analyte contained within each particle was calculated based on particle size, density, and molatity of the analyte within solution. A variety of biomolecular ions were studied and signals obtained from particles containing 300 zmol of maltopentaose, 132 zmol of alpha-cyclodextrin, and 14 zmol (similar to 8400 molecules) of gramicidin S are reported. The detection of 14 zmol of gramicidin S is to the best of our knowledge a record in sensitivity for MALDI TOF-MS. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lebrilla, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cblebrilla@ucdavis.edu; gard2@llnl.gov RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 15 BP 4734 EP 4741 DI 10.1021/ac048202r PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 951HQ UT WOS:000230920600017 PM 16053283 ER PT J AU Duan, YX Wang, CJ Scherrer, ST Winstead, CB AF Duan, YX Wang, CJ Scherrer, ST Winstead, CB TI Development of alternative plasma sources for cavity ring-down measurements of mercury SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; MIP-AAS; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; PRESSURE; GAS AB We have been exploring innovative technologies for elemental and hyperfine structure measurements using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) combined with various plasma sources. A laboratory CRDS system utilizing a tunable dye laser is employed in this work to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology. An in-house fabricated sampling system is used to generate aerosols from solution samples and introduce the aerosols into the plasma source. The ring-down signals are monitored using a photomultiplier tube and recorded using a digital oscilloscope interfaced to a computer. Several microwave plasma discharge devices are tested for mercury CRDS measurement. Various discharge tubes have been designed and tested to reduce background interference and increase the sample path length while still controlling turbulence generated from the plasma gas flow. Significant background reduction has been achieved with the implementation of the newly designed tube-shaped plasma devices, which has resulted in a detection limit of 0.4 ng/mL for mercury with the plasma source CRDS. The calibration curves obtained in this work readily show that linearity over 2 orders of magnitude can be obtained with plasma-CRDS for mercury detection. In this work, the hyperfine structure of mercury at the experimental plasma temperatures is clearly identified. We expect that plasma source cavity ring-down spectroscopy will provide enhanced capabilities for elemental and isotopic measurements. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCSE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Diagnost Instrumentat & Anal Lab, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. Univ So Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Duan, YX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCSE, MS K484, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yduan@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 15 BP 4883 EP 4889 DI 10.1021/ac050704x PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 951HQ UT WOS:000230920600035 PM 16053301 ER PT J AU Luo, QZ Shen, YF Hixson, KK Zhao, R Yang, F Moore, RJ Mottaz, HM Smith, RD AF Luo, QZ Shen, YF Hixson, KK Zhao, R Yang, F Moore, RJ Mottaz, HM Smith, RD TI Preparation of 20-mu m-i.d. silica-based monolithic columns and their performance for proteomics analyses SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HIGH-FLOW CHARACTERISTICS; SEPARATION MEDIA; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; MACROPOROUS POLYMERS; POROUS PROPERTIES; PEPTIDE ANALYSIS; ONLINE; MS AB We describe the preparation and performance of high-efficiency 70 cm x 20 mu m i.d. silica-based monolithic capillary LC columns. The monolithic columns at a mobile-phase pressure of 5000 psi provide flow rates of similar to 40 nL/min at a linear velocity of similar to 0.24 cm/s. The columns provide a separation peak capacity of similar to 420 in conjunction with both on-line coupling with microsolid-phase extraction and nanoelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Performance was evaluated using a Shewanella oneidensis tryptic digest, and similar to 15-amol detection limits for peptides were obtained using a conventional ion trap and MS/MS for peptide identification. The sensitivity and separation efficiency enabled the identification of 2367 different peptides covering 855 distinct S. oneidensis proteins from a 2.5-mu g tryptic digest sample in a single 10-h analysis. The number of identified peptides and proteins approximately doubled when the effective separation time was extended from 200 to 600 min. The number of identified peptides increased from 32 to 390 as the injection amount was increased from 0.5 to 100 ng. Both the run-to-run and column-to-column reproducibility for proteomic analyses were also evaluated. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Luo, Quanzhou/B-4908-2011; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR18522] NR 49 TC 123 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 15 BP 5028 EP 5035 DI 10.1021/ac050454k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 951HQ UT WOS:000230920600052 PM 16053318 ER PT J AU Istrate, G Boettcher, S Percus, AG AF Istrate, G Boettcher, S Percus, AG TI Spines of random constraint satisfaction problems: definition and connection with computational complexity SO ANNALS OF MATHEMATICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE constraint satisfaction problems; phase transitions; spine; resolution complexity ID STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; OPTIMIZATION; RESOLUTION; THRESHOLD AB We study the connection between the order of phase transitions in combinatorial problems and the complexity of decision algorithms for such problems. We rigorously show that, for a class of random constraint satisfaction problems, a limited connection between the two phenomena indeed exists. Specifically, we extend the definition of the spine order parameter of Bollobas et al. [10] to random constraint satisfaction problems, rigorously showing that for such problems a discontinuity of the spine is associated with a 2(Omega(n)) resolution complexity (and thus a 2(Omega(n)) complexity of DPLL algorithms) on random instances. The two phenomena have a common underlying cause: the emergence of "large" ( linear size) minimally unsatisfiable subformulas of a random formula at the satisfiability phase transition. We present several further results that add weight to the intuition that random constraint satisfaction problems with a sharp threshold and a continuous spine are "qualitatively similar to random 2-SAT". Finally, we argue that it is the spine rather than the backbone parameter whose continuity has implications for the decision complexity of combinatorial problems, and we provide experimental evidence that the two parameters can behave in a different manner. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Pure & Appl Math, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-5,Mail Stop M 997, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM istrate@lanl.gov; stb@physics.emory.edu; percus@ipam.ucla.edu RI Boettcher, Stefan/G-2640-2010 OI Boettcher, Stefan/0000-0003-1273-6771 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1012-2443 EI 1573-7470 J9 ANN MATH ARTIF INTEL JI Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 44 IS 4 BP 353 EP 372 DI 10.1007/s10472-005-7033-2 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 965FY UT WOS:000231937100003 ER PT J AU Difilippo, FC Renier, JP AF Difilippo, FC Renier, JP TI Effects of the Laurent and Taylor expansions on the calculations of the thermal neutrons inelastic scattering cross sections for crystalline moderators SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE; DYNAMICS AB The use of updated phonon spectra for the calculation of the scattering matrix, S(a,a,T), of graphite made apparent discrepancies more related to numerical artifacts than to genuine differences. Comparing results from the use of the codes GASKET and LEAPR, with improved phonon spectra, we found consistent results only when a consistent asymptotic region around zero frequency is used. This effect is produced by a second order pole at frequency zero that appears during the calculation of S(alpha,beta,T) via a double Fourier transform. The pole also affects the quadratures at higher frequencies so it became natural to use the Laurent expansion rather than Taylor's for a more robust numerical method. The results of this analysis were included in the local version of the codes GASKET and LEAPR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Difilippo, FC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM difilippofc@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD AUG PY 2005 VL 32 IS 12 BP 1323 EP 1336 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2005.02.016 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 951IF UT WOS:000230922100003 ER PT J AU Sanseverino, J Gupta, RK Layton, AC Patterson, SS Ripp, SA Saidak, L Simpson, ML Schultz, TW Sayler, GS AF Sanseverino, J Gupta, RK Layton, AC Patterson, SS Ripp, SA Saidak, L Simpson, ML Schultz, TW Sayler, GS TI Use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BLYES expressing bacterial bioluminescence for rapid, sensitive detection of estrogenic compounds SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT YEAST ASSAY; IN-VITRO; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; INFECTIONS; WILDLIFE; HORMONES; SYSTEMS; HEALTH; GENES AB An estrogen-inducible bacterial lux-based bioluminescent reporter was developed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for applications in chemical sensing and environmental assessment of estrogen disruptor activity. The strain, designated S. cerevisiae BLYES, was constructed by inserting tandem estrogen response elements between divergent yeast promoters GPD and ADH1 on pUTK401 (formerly pUA12B7) that constitutively express luxA and luxB to create pUTK407. Cotransformation of this plasmid with a second plasmid (pUTK404) containing the genes required for aldehyde synthesis (luxCDE) and FMN reduction (frp) yielded a bioluminescent bioreporter responsive to estrogen-disrupting compounds. For validation purposes, results with strain BLYES were compared to the colorimetric-based estrogenic assay that uses the yeast lacZ reporter strain (YES). Strains BLYES and YES were exposed to 17 beta-estradiol over the concentration range of 1.2 x 10(-8) through 5.6 X 10(-12) M. Calculated 50% effective concentration values from the colorimetric and bioluminescence assays (n = 7) were similar at (4.4 +/- 1.1) X 10(-10) and (2.4 +/- 1.0) X 10(-10) M, respectively. The lower and upper limits of detection for each assay were also similar and were approximately 4.5 X 10(-11) to 2.8 x 10(-9) M. Bioluminescence was observed in as little as 1 h and reached its maximum in 6 h. In comparison, the YES assay required a minimum of 3 days for results. Strain BLYES fills the niche for rapid, high-throughput screening of estrogenic compounds and has the ability to be used for remote, near-real-time monitoring of estrogen-disrupting chemicals in the environment. C1 Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comparat Med, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Sayler, GS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Sayler@utk.edu RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Ripp, Steven/B-2305-2008; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Ripp, Steven/0000-0002-6836-1764; Sanseverino, John/0000-0002-2693-9521 FU NCRR NIH HHS [5R21 RR14169-02] NR 36 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 71 IS 8 BP 4455 EP 4460 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.8.4455-4460.2005 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 954OX UT WOS:000231165500039 PM 16085836 ER PT J AU Kairies, CL Capo, RC Watzlaf, GR AF Kairies, CL Capo, RC Watzlaf, GR TI Chemical and physical properties of iron hydroxide precipitates associated with passively treated coal mine drainage in the Bituminous Region of Pennsylvania and Maryland SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC GOETHITE; ANION-ADSORPTION; METAL TRANSPORT; SURFACE-CHARGE; ORGANIC-ACIDS; TRACE-METALS; GROUND-WATER; MINERALOGY; SORPTION; OXIDE AB Changes in precipitate mineralogy, morphology, and major and trace element concentrations and associations throughout 5 coal mine drainage (CMD) remediation systems treating discharges of varying chemistries were investigated in order to determine the factors that influence the characteristics of precipitates formed in passive systems. The 5 passive treatment systems sampled in this study are located in the bituminous coal fields of western Pennsylvania and northern Maryland, and treat discharges from Pennsylvanian age coals. The precipitates are dominantly (> 0 %) goethite. Crystallinity varies throughout an individual system, and lower crystallinity is associated with enhanced sorption of trace metals. Degree of crystallinity (and subsequently morphology and trace metal associations) is a function of the treatment system and how rapidly Fe(II) is oxidized, forms precipitates, aggregates and settles. Precipitates formed earlier in the passive treatment systems tend to have the highest crystallinity and the lowest concentrations of trace metal cations. High surface area and cation vacancies within the goethite structure enable sorption and incorporation of metals from coal mine drainage-polluted waters. Sorption affinities follow the order of Zn > Co approximate to Ni > Mn. Cobalt and Ni are preferentially sorbed to Mn oxide phases when these phases are present. As pH increases in the individual CMD treatment systems toward the pH(pzc) of goethite, As sorption decreases and transition metal (Co, Mn, Ni and Zn) sorption increases. Sulfate, Na and Fe(II) concentrations may all influence the sorption of trace metals to the Fe hydroxide surface. Results of this study have implications not only for solids disposal and resource recovery but also for the optimization of passive CMD treatment systems. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Kairies, CL (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM candace.kairies@netl.doe.gov NR 66 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1445 EP 1460 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.04.009 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 957JV UT WOS:000231367000001 ER PT J AU Schwehr, KA Santschi, PH Moran, JE Elmore, D AF Schwehr, KA Santschi, PH Moran, JE Elmore, D TI Near-conservative behavior of I-129 in the orange county aquifer system, California SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FUEL REPROCESSING FACILITIES; OCEANOGRAPHIC TRACER; ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; ORGANO-IODINE; WATER; SORPTION; ENVIRONMENT; CHLORINE; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Iodine is a biophilic element, with one stable isotope, I-127, and one long-lived radioisotope, I-129. Radioiodine originates in the surface environment almost entirely from anthropogenic activities such as nuclear fuel reprocessing in Europe and thus provides a unique point source tracer. Very few studies have evaluated the geochemical behavior of I isotopes in the subsurface. In this study, the concentrations of I-129 and I-127 were measured in wells fed by a series of artificial recharge ponds in the Forebay Area of the Orange County ground water basin (California, USA) to evaluate their potential use as hydrological tracers. To substantiate interpretation of I-129 and I-127 concentration data, the aquifer system was evaluated using the literature values of aquifer water mass age based on H-3/He-3, Xe and delta(18)O tracer data. The aquifer data demonstrate the nearly conservative behavior of I-129 with I-129/I-127 ratios likely reflecting variations in source functions as well as climatic conditions, and with inferred particle-water partition coefficients (K-d) of 0.1 cm(3) g(-1) or less. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Purdue Univ, AMS PRIME Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Schwehr, KA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, 5007 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. EM schwehrk@tamug.edu RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012 NR 68 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1461 EP 1472 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.02.003 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 957JV UT WOS:000231367000002 ER PT J AU Eastman, JA Fuoss, PH Rehn, LE Baldo, PM Zhou, GW Fong, DD Thompson, LJ AF Eastman, JA Fuoss, PH Rehn, LE Baldo, PM Zhou, GW Fong, DD Thompson, LJ TI Early-stage suppression of Cu (001) oxidation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SITU UHV-TEM; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; INITIAL OXIDATION; COPPER OXIDATION; CU2O; KINETICS; SURFACE; GROWTH; NUCLEATION; CU(110) AB In situ synchrotron x-ray studies of the early-stage oxidation behavior of Cu (001) reveal that for Cu2O nanoislands, the Cu-Cu2O equilibrium phase boundary is shifted to larger oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)) by many orders of magnitude relative to bulk Cu2O. Real-time scattering measurements find that an ordered surface structure appears with increasing pO(2), followed by the nucleation of epitaxial Cu2O nanoislands. By adjusting the pO(2), it is possible to reversibly grow or shrink these islands and accurately determine the equilibrium phase boundary. These observations provide insight into the general stability of oxide nanoclusters grown by various techniques. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Eastman, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jeastman@anl.gov RI Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; OI Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 AR 051914 DI 10.1063/1.2005396 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 950VJ UT WOS:000230886100021 ER PT J AU Kalinin, SV Rodriguez, BJ Jesse, S Thundat, T Gruverman, A AF Kalinin, SV Rodriguez, BJ Jesse, S Thundat, T Gruverman, A TI Electromechanical imaging of biological systems with sub-10 nm resolution SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPY; NANOMETER-SCALE; PIEZOELECTRICITY; BONE AB Electromechanical imaging of tooth dentin and enamel has been performed with sub-10 nm resolution using piezoresponse force microscopy. Characteristic piezoelectric domain size and local protein fiber ordering in dentin have been determined. The shape of a single protein fibril in enamel is visualized in real space and local hysteresis loops are measured. Because of the ubiquitous presence of piezoelectricity in biological systems, this approach is expected to find broad application in high-resolution studies of a wide range of biomaterials. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov; alexei_gruverman@ncsu.edu RI Rodriguez, Brian/A-6253-2009; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Gruverman, alexei/P-3537-2014; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016 OI Rodriguez, Brian/0000-0001-9419-2717; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Gruverman, alexei/0000-0003-0492-2750; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483 NR 14 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 AR 053901 DI 10.1063/1.2006984 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 950VJ UT WOS:000230886100069 ER PT J AU Shang, HM Wang, Y Bliss, M Cao, GZ AF Shang, HM Wang, Y Bliss, M Cao, GZ TI Hydrothermal growth and photoluminescence property of textured CdWO4 scintillator films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CADMIUM TUNGSTATE FILMS; NEUTRON DETECTORS; THIN-FILMS; PRECIPITATION; LUMINESCENCE; DEPOSITION; CRYSTALS; TITANATE AB Cadmium tungstate (CWO) films on glass substrate have been first prepared by hydrothermal method at temperatures ranging from 120 to 180 degrees C from cadmium nitrite and tungstic acid in hydrogen peroxide solution. Crack free and dense CWO films with textured structure and thickness up to 8 mu m were formed at 150 and 180 degrees C as revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studied. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed that highly textured CWO thick films possess better PL property. The growth mechanism and preferred orientation or textured structure as well as the relations between textured structure and PL property have been discussed. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shang, HM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM gzcao@u.washington.edu RI Cao, Guozhong/E-4799-2011; Bliss, Mary/G-2240-2012; Wang, Ying/J-3286-2012 OI Bliss, Mary/0000-0002-7565-4813; NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 AR 051909 DI 10.1063/1.2001133 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 950VJ UT WOS:000230886100016 ER PT J AU Xu, J Mills, AP Case, C AF Xu, J Mills, AP Case, C TI Measuring the continuity of diffusion barriers on porous films using gamma-ray energy spectra of escaping positronium SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB Diffusion barriers for capping porous low dielectric constant films are important for preventing metal migration into a semiconductor circuit. Using the fact that positrons implanted into a porous dielectric form ortho-positronium (o-Ps) copiously, Gidley [D. W. Gidley, W. F. Frieze, T. L. Dull, J. Sun, A. F. Yee, C. V. Nguyen, and D. Y. Yoon, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1282 (2000)], have been able to measure open area fractions as low as 10(-5) in porous dielectric film barrier layers from the increase in the ortho-positronium lifetime and intensity associated with positronium escape into vacuum. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain comparable sensitivities by measuring the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the escaping positronium. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yxn@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 5 AR 054105 DI 10.1063/1.2007862 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 950VJ UT WOS:000230886100074 ER PT J AU Rivard, MJ Bobek, LM Butler, RA Garland, MA Hill, DJ Krieger, JK Muckerheide, JB Patton, BD Silberstein, EB AF Rivard, MJ Bobek, LM Butler, RA Garland, MA Hill, DJ Krieger, JK Muckerheide, JB Patton, BD Silberstein, EB TI The US national isotope program: Current status and strategy for future success SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article AB Since their introduction in the 1940s, peaceful use of stable isotopes and radioisotopes in the United States has expanded continuously. Today, new isotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic uses are not being developed, critical isotopes for national security are in short supply, and demand for isotopes critical to homeland security exceeds supply. While commercial suppliers, both domestic and foreign, can only meet specific needs, the nation needs a consistent, reliable supply of radioactive and stable isotopes for research, medical, security, and space power applications. The national isotope infrastructure, defined as both facilities and trained staff at national laboratories and universities, is in danger of being lost due to chronic underfunding. With the specific recommendations given herein, the US Department of Energy may realign and refocus its Isotope Program to provide a framework for a successful National Isotope Program. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nucl Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Missouri, Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Bristol Myers Squibb Co, N Billerica, MA 01862 USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Ctr Nucl Technol & Soc, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. Univ Hosp, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. RP Rivard, MJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM mrivard@tufts-nemc.org NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 63 IS 2 BP 157 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.03.004 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 947IS UT WOS:000230637400002 PM 15935681 ER PT J AU Hartwell, JK Gehrke, RJ AF Hartwell, JK Gehrke, RJ TI Observations on the background spectra of four LaCl3(Ce) scintillation detectors SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article DE lanthanum chloride; scintillation detectors; background; pulse height deficit AB Our laboratory has purchased four LaCl3(Ce) scintillation crystals over the course of the last year for evaluation as part of an environmental management research and development project. In addition to the expected content of naturally radioactive La-138, we have found that all four of these detectors are contaminated to various degrees with alpha particle emitting nuclides that we have determined to be Ac-227 and its daughters. The impact of these radionuclides on the background spectra and, thus, on the detection sensitivity of these detectors is presented and discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 82415 USA. RP Hartwell, JK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS2114, Idaho Falls, ID 82415 USA. EM john.hartwell@inl.gov NR 6 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 63 IS 2 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.02.009 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 947IS UT WOS:000230637400009 PM 15894485 ER PT J AU Harbottle, G Hughes, MJ Seleem, S AF Harbottle, G Hughes, MJ Seleem, S TI The origin of black-figure Greek ceramics found in Naucratis (Nile Delta) SO ARCHAEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE black figure; Greece; Naucratis; Egypt; Greek pottery ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; POTTERY; INAA AB At the site of the Greek trading port of Naucratis, located on the Canopic mouth of the Nile inland from Alexandria, Flinders Petrie and later archaeologists encountered sherds of Classical Greek black-figure pottery. We have characterized the pastes of 14 of these specimens, drawn from the collections of the British Museum and the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, by neutron activation analysis and numerical taxonomy. The ceramics agree in composition with a reference group centred on Athens. We also investigated a small number of additional black-figure sherds from other sites. One specimen, from Ruvo di Puglia (Italy), actually originated in or near Marseilles. There was no evidence for local manufacture of black-figure pottery at Naucratis. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stony Brook Univ, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Histol, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Loras Coll, Dept Chem, Dubuque, IA 52001 USA. RP Harbottle, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-813X J9 ARCHAEOMETRY JI Archaeometry PD AUG PY 2005 VL 47 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1111/j.1475-4754.2005.00216.x PN 3 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Archaeology; Chemistry; Geology GA 962MT UT WOS:000231737600002 ER PT J AU Westphallen, D Roth, K Brodrick, J AF Westphallen, D Roth, K Brodrick, J TI Duct leakage fault detection SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 TIAX, HVAC & Refrigerat Technol Sector, Cambridge, MA USA. US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Westphallen, D (reprint author), TIAX, HVAC & Refrigerat Technol Sector, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 47 IS 8 BP 56 EP 58 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 954DN UT WOS:000231134400013 ER PT J AU Schneider, DP Hall, PB Richards, GT Vanden Berk, DE Anderson, DF Fan, XH Jester, S Stoughton, C Strauss, MA SubbaRao, M Brandt, WN Gunn, JE Yanny, B Bahcall, NA Barentine, JC Blanton, MR Boroski, WN Brewington, HJ Brinkmann, J Brunner, R Csabai, I Doi, M Eisenstein, DJ Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gray, J Harvanek, M Heckman, TM Ivezic, Z Kent, S Kleinman, SJ Knapp, GR Kron, RG Krzesinski, J Long, DC Loveday, J Lupton, RH Margon, B Munn, JA Neilsen, EH Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Nichol, RC Nitta, A Pier, JR Rockosi, CM Saxe, DH Schlegel, DJ Snedden, SA Szalay, AS Thakar, AR Uomoto, A Voges, W York, DG AF Schneider, DP Hall, PB Richards, GT Vanden Berk, DE Anderson, DF Fan, XH Jester, S Stoughton, C Strauss, MA SubbaRao, M Brandt, WN Gunn, JE Yanny, B Bahcall, NA Barentine, JC Blanton, MR Boroski, WN Brewington, HJ Brinkmann, J Brunner, R Csabai, I Doi, M Eisenstein, DJ Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gray, J Harvanek, M Heckman, TM Ivezic, Z Kent, S Kleinman, SJ Knapp, GR Kron, RG Krzesinski, J Long, DC Loveday, J Lupton, RH Margon, B Munn, JA Neilsen, EH Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Nichol, RC Nitta, A Pier, JR Rockosi, CM Saxe, DH Schlegel, DJ Snedden, SA Szalay, AS Thakar, AR Uomoto, A Voges, W York, DG TI The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar catalog. III. Third data release SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; quasars : general; surveys ID SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; ABSORPTION-LINE QUASARS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; 1ST DATA RELEASE; ROSAT ALL-SKY; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; STELLAR OBJECTS; GALAXY SAMPLE AB We present the third edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Catalog. The catalog consists of the 46,420 objects in the SDSS Third Data Release that have luminosities larger than M(i) = -22 ( in a cosmology with H(0) = 70 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), Omega(M) 0.3, and Omega(Lambda) = 0.7), have at least one emission line with FWHM larger than 1000 km s(-1) or are unambiguously broad absorption line quasars, are fainter than i 15: 0, and have highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the catalog is approximate to 4188 deg(2). The quasar redshifts range from 0.08 to 5.41, with a median value of 1.47; the high-redshift sample includes 520 quasars at redshifts greater than 4, of which 17 are at redshifts greater than 5. For each object the catalog presents positions accurate to better than 0.'' 2 rms per coordinate, five-band (ugriz) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag, and information on the morphology and selection method. The catalog also contains radio, near-infrared, and X-ray emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra cover the wavelength region 3800-9200 angstrom at a spectral resolution of similar or equal to 2000; the spectra can be retrieved from the public database using the information provided in the catalog. A total of 44,221 objects in the catalog were discovered by the SDSS; 28,400 of the SDSS discoveries are reported here for the first time. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Microsoft Res, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 96064 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Schneider, DP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dps@astro.psu.edu RI Margon, Bruce/B-5913-2012; Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; OI Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898 NR 66 TC 221 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 130 IS 2 BP 367 EP 380 DI 10.1086/431156 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 948NC UT WOS:000230721600002 ER PT J AU White, RL Becker, RH Helfand, DJ AF White, RL Becker, RH Helfand, DJ TI New catalogs of compact radio sources in the Galactic plane SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; Galaxy : general; HII regions; radio continuum : ISM; supernova remnants; surveys ID 1ST SURVEY AB Archival data have been combined with recent observations of the Galactic plane using the Very Large Array to create new catalogs of compact centimetric radio sources. The 20 cm source catalog covers a longitude range of - 20 degrees < l < 120 degrees; the latitude coverage varies from +/- 0.degrees 8 to +/- 2.degrees 7. The total survey area is similar to 331 deg(2); coverage is 90% complete at a flux density threshold of similar to 14 mJy, and over 5000 sources are recorded. The 6 cm catalog covers 43 deg(2) in the region - 10 degrees < l < 42 degrees, \b\ < 0.degrees 4 to a 90% completeness threshold of 2.9 mJy; over 2700 sources are found. Both surveys have an angular resolution of similar to 6 ''. These catalogs provide a 30% (at 20 cm) to 50% (at 6 cm) increase in the number of high-reliability compact sources in the Galactic plane, as well as greatly improved astrometry, uniformity, and reliability; they should prove useful for comparison with new mid- and far-infrared surveys of the Milky Way. C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP White, RL (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM rlw@stsci.edu; bob@igpp.ucllnl.org; djh@astro.columbia.edu NR 16 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 130 IS 2 BP 586 EP 596 DI 10.1086/431249 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 948NC UT WOS:000230721600017 ER PT J AU Einasto, J Tago, E Einasto, M Saar, E Suhhonenko, I Heinamaki, P Hutsi, G Tucker, DL AF Einasto, J Tago, E Einasto, M Saar, E Suhhonenko, I Heinamaki, P Hutsi, G Tucker, DL TI Toward understanding environmental effects in SDSS clusters SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE large-scale structure of Universe; galaxies : clusters : general; dark matter ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY; SUPERCLUSTER-VOID NETWORK; CAMPANAS LOOSE GROUPS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; RICH CLUSTERS; MASS FUNCTION; DATA RELEASE; DARK-MATTER; DEPENDENCE AB We find groups and clusters of galaxies using the Data Releases DR1 and DR3 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We calculate a low-resolution density field with a smoothing length of 10 h(-1) Mpc to characterise the density of the cluster environment, and a medium-resolution density field with a smoothing length of 2 h(-1) Mpc to characterise the galaxy environment. We determine the luminosity function of clusters, and investigate properties of galaxies and clusters in various environments. We show that clusters in a high-density environment are about 5 times more luminous than in a low-density environment, and luminosities of galaxies in different environments differ by a factor of similar to 25. We see similar effects in numerical simulations - simulated clusters in a high-density environment are similar to 100 times more massive than those in a low-density environment. Comparison of the density distribution in simulations at various epochs shows that in large low-density regions ( voids) dynamical evolution is very slow and stops early. In contrast, in large regions of higher density (superclusters) dynamical evolution starts early and continues until the present; here particles cluster early, and by merging of smaller groups very rich systems of galaxies form. C1 Tartu Astrophys Observ, EE-60602 Toravere, Estonia. Tuorla Observ, Piikkio, Finland. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-86740 Garching, Germany. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Einasto, J (reprint author), Tartu Astrophys Observ, EE-60602 Toravere, Estonia. EM einasto@aai.ee OI Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 80 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 439 IS 1 BP 45 EP 58 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20042347 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 948LY UT WOS:000230718500005 ER PT J AU Rattenbury, NJ Abe, F Bennett, DP Bond, IA Calitz, JJ Claret, A Cook, KH Furuta, Y Gal-Yam, A Glicenstein, JF Hearnshaw, JB Hauschildt, PH Kilmartin, PM Kurata, Y Masuda, K Maoz, D Matsubara, Y Meintjes, PJ Moniez, M Muraki, Y Noda, S Ofek, EO Okajima, K Philpott, L Rhie, SH Sako, T Sullivan, DJ Sumi, T Terndrup, DM Tristram, PJ Wood, J Yanagisawa, T Yock, PCM AF Rattenbury, NJ Abe, F Bennett, DP Bond, IA Calitz, JJ Claret, A Cook, KH Furuta, Y Gal-Yam, A Glicenstein, JF Hearnshaw, JB Hauschildt, PH Kilmartin, PM Kurata, Y Masuda, K Maoz, D Matsubara, Y Meintjes, PJ Moniez, M Muraki, Y Noda, S Ofek, EO Okajima, K Philpott, L Rhie, SH Sako, T Sullivan, DJ Sumi, T Terndrup, DM Tristram, PJ Wood, J Yanagisawa, T Yock, PCM TI Determination of stellar shape in microlensing event MOA 2002-BLG-33 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; stars : atmospheres; stars : rotation ID DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; HIGH MAGNIFICATION; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; LIGHT CURVES; STARS AB We report a measurement of the shape of the source star in microlensing event MOA 2002-BLG-33. The lens for this event was a close binary whose centre-of-mass passed almost directly in front of the source star. At this time, the source star was closely bounded on all sides by a caustic of the lens. This allowed the oblateness of the source star to be constrained. We found that a/b = 1.02+ (-0.02) (0.04) where a and b are its semi-major and semi-minor axes respectively. The angular resolution of this measurement is approximately 0.04 mu arcsec. We also report HST images of the event that confirm a previous identification of the source star as an F8-G2 turn-off main-sequence star. C1 Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Massey Univ, Inst Informat & Math Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. Univ Free State, Dept Phys, Bloemfontein, South Africa. CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94563 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. CEA, DAPNIA, DSM, Ctr Etud Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. Univ Hamburg, Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Auckland, Fac Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Victoria Univ, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Rattenbury, NJ (reprint author), Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. EM njr@jb.man.ac.uk NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 439 IS 2 BP 645 EP 650 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20052858 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 950UP UT WOS:000230883900032 ER PT J AU Hoogerwerf, R Brickhouse, NS Mauche, CW AF Hoogerwerf, R Brickhouse, NS Mauche, CW TI X-ray light curves and accretion disk structure of EX Hydrae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; stars : individual (EX Hydrae); X-rays : stars ID CLOSE BINARY-SYSTEM; WHITE-DWARF; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; SPECTROSCOPY; HYA; SIMULATION; PHOTOMETRY; FLOW; MASS AB We present X-ray light curves for the cataclysmic variable EX Hydrae obtained with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer and the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Deep Survey photometer. We confirm earlier results on the shape and amplitude of the binary light curve and discuss a new feature: the phase of the minimum in the binary light curve, associated with absorption by the bulge on the accretion disk, increases with wavelength. We discuss several scenarios that could account for this trend and conclude that, most likely, the ionization state of the bulge gas is not constant, but rather decreases with binary phase. We also conclude that photoionization of the bulge by radiation originating from the white dwarf is not the main source of ionization, but that it is heated by shocks originating from the interaction between the inflowing material from the companion and the accretion disk. The findings in this paper provide a strong test for accretion disk models in close binary systems. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hoogerwerf, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS 31, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rhoogerwerf@cfa.harvard.edu; nbrickhouse@cfa.harvard.edu; mauche@cygnus.llnl.gov OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 628 IS 2 BP 946 EP 952 DI 10.1086/431211 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 949VX UT WOS:000230817300037 ER PT J AU Dreuw, A Fleming, GR Head-Gordon, M AF Dreuw, A Fleming, GR Head-Gordon, M TI Role of electron-transfer quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by carotenoids in non-photochemical quenching of green plants SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Mechanisms of Bioenergetic Membrane Proteins - Structures and Beyond CY MAR 20-24, 2005 CL Wilhelm-Kempf Haus, Wiesbaden, GERMANY HO Wilhelm-Kempf Haus DE carotenoid; chlorophyll; election transfer; excitation energy transfer; feedback de-excitation component; non-photochemical quenching ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; TRANSFER EXCITED-STATES; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE; ENERGY; EXCHANGE; PHOTOINHIBITION; PHOTOPROTECTION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB NPQ (non-photochemical quenching) is a fundamental photosynthetic mechanism by which plants protect themselves against excess excitation energy and the resulting photodamage. A discussed molecular mechanism of the so-called feedback de-excitation component (qE) of NPQ involves the formation of a quenching complex. Recently, we have studied the influence of formation of a zeaxanthin-chlorophyll complex on the excited states of the pigments using high-level quantum chemical methodology. in the case of complex formation, electron-transfer quenching of chlorophyll-excited states by carotenoids is a relevant quenching mechanism. Furthermore, additionally occurring charge-transfer excited states can be exploited experimentally to prove the existence of the quenching complex during NPQ. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, D-60439 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Chem Sci & Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dreuw, A (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, Marie Curie Str 11, D-60439 Frankfurt, Germany. EM andreas.dreuw@theochem.uni-frankfurt.de NR 39 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0300-5127 J9 BIOCHEM SOC T JI Biochem. Soc. Trans. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 BP 858 EP 862 PN 4 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 957BZ UT WOS:000231345700075 PM 16042614 ER PT J AU Flaherty, P Giaever, G Kumm, J Jordan, MI Arkin, AP AF Flaherty, P Giaever, G Kumm, J Jordan, MI Arkin, AP TI A latent variable model for chemogenomic profiling SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; 1,3-BETA-D-GLUCAN SYNTHASE; ERGOSTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; YEAST; PROTEIN; GENOME; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; FENPROPIMORPH AB Motivation: In haploinsufficiency profiling data, pleiotropic genes are often misclassified by clustering algorithms that impose the constraint that a gene or experiment belong to only one cluster. We have developed a general probabilistic model that clusters genes and experiments without requiring that a given gene or drug only appear in one cluster. The model also incorporates the functional annotation of known genes to guide the clustering procedure. Results: We applied our model to the clustering of 79 chemogenomic experiments in yeast. Known pleiotropic genes PDR5 and MAL11 are more accurately represented by the model than by a clustering procedure that requires genes to belong to a single cluster. Drugs such as miconazole and fenpropimorph that have different targets but similar off-target genes are clustered more accurately by the model-based framework. We show that this model is useful for summarizing the relationship among treatments and genes affected by those treatments in a compendium of microarray profiles. Availability: Supplementary information and computer code at http://genomics.lbl.gov/llda Contact: flaherty@berkeley.edu C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Flaherty, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM flaherty@berkeley.edu RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Flaherty, Patrick/A-1720-2011 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; NR 48 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 15 BP 3286 EP 3293 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti515 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 945OY UT WOS:000230513200012 PM 15919724 ER PT J AU Leventouri, T Kis, AC Thompson, JR Anderson, IM AF Leventouri, T Kis, AC Thompson, JR Anderson, IM TI Structure, microstructure, and magnetism in ferrimagnetic bioceramics SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE calcium phosphate; ferrimagnetic materials; XRD; quantitative rietveld refinement ID GLASS-CERAMICS; HYPERTHERMIA; BIOACTIVITY; SYSTEM AB The structural and magnetic properties of ferrimagnetic bioglass ceramics in the system [0.45(CaO,P2O5)(0.52-x)SiO2 xFe(2)O(3) 0.03Na(2)O], x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and heat-treated at the temperature range 600-1100 degrees C are assessed. The structure and microstructure of the samples are characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Calcium phosphate and magnetite develop as the two major crystalline phases. For x = 0.10 and 0.20, calcium phosphate undergoes a gradual transition from the monoclinic to the rhombohedral crystal system (SG P21/a -> R3c) as the heat-treatment temperature increases from 800 to 1100 degrees C. Dendrites of iron oxide with crystallites of various sizes are observed to form within a glassy matrix enriched in calcium, phosphorous, and silicon. Saturation magnetization, remanence, and coercivity are found from de magnetic measurements. They vary with the specific processing parameters of the composites, and these are correlated with the observed structure and microstructure of the materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Condensed Matter Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Leventouri, T (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM leventou@fau.edu NR 26 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 24 BP 4924 EP 4931 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.017 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 919KQ UT WOS:000228617300003 PM 15769526 ER PT J AU Lin, KS Ding, YS AF Lin, KS Ding, YS TI Synthesis and C-11 labeling of three potent norepinephrine transporter selective ligands ((R)-nisoxetine, lortalamine, and oxaprotiline) for comparative PET studies in baboons SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE norepinephrine transporter; nisoxetine; lortalamine; oxaprotiline ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; RAT-BRAIN; ANTIDEPRESSANT; NISOXETINE; DESIPRAMINE; INHIBITOR; RADIOTRACERS; RADIOLIGAND; TOMOGRAPHY; FLUOXETINE AB Three potent antidepressants, (R)-nisoxetine, lortalamine, and oxaprotiline, with high affinity and high selectivity for the norepinephrine transporter (NET) were synthesized and radiolabeled with C-11 via [C-11]methylation. The reference compounds and their corresponding normethyl precursors were synthesized via multi-step synthetic approaches. The radiochemical syntheses were performed by simple alkylation of the corresponding normethyl precursors with no-carrier-added [C-11]CH3I in DMF. After HPLC purification, (R)-[N-(CH3)-C-1]nisoxetine, [C-11]lortalamine, and [1 v C]oxaprotiline were obtained in 63-97% radiochemical yields, whereas (R)-[O-(CH3)-C-11]nisoxetine was obtained in 23-29% radiochemical yields due to substantial formation of the undesired N-[C-11]methylated byproduct (64-70%). These C-11 labeled tracers allowed us to carry out comparative studies of NET in baboons with positron emission tomography (PET) and evaluate their potential as PET tracers for imaging brain NET. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ding, YS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ding@bnl.gov OI Lin, Kuo-Shyan/0000-0002-0739-0780 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [EB002630]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06278] NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 13 IS 15 BP 4658 EP 4666 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.04.062 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 944RW UT WOS:000230447700007 PM 15914010 ER PT J AU Hah, SS Kim, HM Sumbad, RA Henderson, PT AF Hah, SS Kim, HM Sumbad, RA Henderson, PT TI Hydantoin derivative formation from oxidation of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and incorporation of C-14-labeled 8-oxodG into the DNA of human breast cancer cells SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ONE-ELECTRON OXIDATION; SINGLET OXYGEN; 8-OXOGUANINE OXIDATION; IN-VIVO; PRODUCTS; GUANOSINE; 7,8-DIHYDRO-8-OXOGUANINE; 8-OXO-7,8-DIHYDROGUANOSINE; 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; SPIROIMINODIHYDANTOIN AB One-electron oxidation of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) yielded a guanidinohydantoin derivative (dGh) and a spiroiminodihydantoin derivative (dSp), both putatively mutagenic products that may be formed in vivo. The nucleoside dGh was the major product at room temperature, regardless of pH. The results are contrary to previously published model studies using 2,3',5'-triacetoxy-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (Luo, W.; Miller, J.G.; Rachlin, E. M.; Burrows, C. J. Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 613; Luo, W.; Miller, J.G.; Rachlin, E.M.; Burrows, C.J. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2001, 14, 927), who observed a spiroiminodihydantoin derivative as the major product at neutral pH. Clearly, the functional groups attached to the ribose moiety of 8-oxodG influence the oxidation chemistry of the nucleobase derivative. To explore this chemistry in vivo, C-14-labeled 8-oxodG was synthesized and incubated with growing MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, resulting in the incorporation of the compound into cellular DNA as measured by a novel accelerator mass spectrometry assay. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Henderson, PT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, 7000 E Ave,L-441, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM henderson48@llnl.gov RI Hah, Sang Soo/D-2621-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 55861]; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR 13461] NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 15 IS 15 BP 3627 EP 3631 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.05.113 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 947FC UT WOS:000230627800035 PM 15982874 ER PT J AU Burns, AR Frankel, DJ Buranda, T AF Burns, AR Frankel, DJ Buranda, T TI Local mobility in lipid domains of supported bilayers characterized by atomic force microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GIANT UNILAMELLAR VESICLES; CROSS-CORRELATION ANALYSIS; SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING; GANGLIOSIDE GM1 DOMAINS; MODEL MEMBRANES; CELL-MEMBRANES; PHOSPHOLIPID MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR FRICTION; OUTER LEAFLET; RAFTS AB Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy ( FCS) is used to examine mobility of labeled probes at specific sites in supported bilayers consisting of 1,2- dipalmitoyl- sn- glycero- 3- phosphocholine ( DPPC) lipid domains in 1,2- dioleoyl- sn- glycero- 3-phosphocholine ( DOPC). Those sites are mapped beforehand with simultaneous atomic force microscopy and submicron confocal fluorescence imaging, allowing characterization of probe partitioning between gel DPPC and disordered liquid DOPC domains with corresponding topography of domain structure. We thus examine the relative partitioning and mobility in gel and disordered liquid phases for headgroup- and tailgroup- labeled GM1 ganglioside probes and for headgroup- and tailgroup- labeled phospholipid probes. For the GM1 probes, large differences in mobility between fluid and gel domains are observed; whereas unexpected mobility is observed in submicron gel domains for the phospholipid probes. We attribute the latter to domain heterogeneities that could be induced by the probe. Furthermore, fits to the FCS data for the phospholipid probes in the DOPC fluid phase require two components ( fast and slow). Although proximity to the glass substrate may be a factor, local distortion of the probe by the fluorophore could also be important. Overall, we observe nonideal aspects of phospholipid probe mobility and partitioning that may not be restricted to supported bilayers. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Burns, AR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM aburns@sandia.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [K25AI060036, K25 AI060036] NR 67 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 18 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 89 IS 2 BP 1081 EP 1093 DI 10.1529/biophysj.105.060327 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 949XM UT WOS:000230822200030 PM 15879469 ER PT J AU Mao, HB Arias-Gonzalez, JR Smith, SB Tinoco, I Bustamante, C AF Mao, HB Arias-Gonzalez, JR Smith, SB Tinoco, I Bustamante, C TI Temperature control methods in a laser tweezers system SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SINGLE DNA-MOLECULES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OPTICAL TWEEZERS; RNA-POLYMERASE; OVERSTRETCHING TRANSITION; KINESIN MOLECULES; MECHANICAL FORCE; STRANDED-DNA; DEPENDENCE; TRAPS AB Two methods of temperature control of a dual-beam optical-tweezers system are compared. In the first method, we used a 975 nm infrared laser to raise the temperature 5.6 degrees C/100mW in a nonheating ( 830 nm) optical trap. The temperature increment logarithmically decreases toward the periphery of the heating beam, causing a fluid convection of 8 mu m/s inside a 180 mm thick microchamber. In the second method, heating or cooling fluid was pumped through copper jackets that were placed on the water immersion objectives on both sides of the microchamber to control its temperature from 4.5 degrees C to 68 degrees C. The temperature controlled by the second method was both stable and homogeneous, inducing little fluid convection that would disturb single-molecule applications. An analysis of the power spectrum of the thermal force on a trapped bead showed no detectable vibration due to the liquid circulation. In both methods, force was measured directly by sensors of the momentum flux of light, independent of environmental disturbances including refractive index changes that vary with temperature. The utility of the second method was demonstrated in single-molecule experiments by measuring the mechanical stretch of a 41 kbp lambda double-stranded DNA at temperatures ranging from 8.4 degrees C to 45.6 degrees C. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM carlos@alice.berkeley.edu RI Arias-Gonzalez, J. Ricardo/L-8538-2014 OI Arias-Gonzalez, J. Ricardo/0000-0001-6802-0874 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R37 GM032543, GM 10840, GM 32543, R01 GM010840, R01 GM010840-46, R01 GM010840-47, R01 GM032543, R37 GM010840] NR 43 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 19 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 89 IS 2 BP 1308 EP 1316 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.054536 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 949XM UT WOS:000230822200052 PM 15923237 ER PT J AU Orr, G Hu, DH Ozcelik, S Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Colson, SD AF Orr, G Hu, DH Ozcelik, S Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Colson, SD TI Cholesterol dictates the freedom of EGF receptors and HER2 in the plane of the membrane SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-ANCHORED PROTEINS; TYROSINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; ACTIN-BINDING DOMAIN; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; LIPID RAFTS; LATERAL DIFFUSION; CELL-SURFACE; TRANSIENT CONFINEMENT AB The flow of information through the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) is shaped by molecular interactions in the plasma membrane. The EGFR is associated with lipid rafts, but their role in modulating receptor mobility and subsequent interactions is unclear. To investigate the role of nanoscale rafts in EGFR dynamics, we used single-molecule fluorescence imaging to track individual receptors and their dimerization partner, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), in the membrane of human mammary epithelial cells. We found that the motion of both receptors was interrupted by dwellings within nanodomains. EGFR was significantly less mobile than HER2. This difference was likely due to F-actin because its depolymerization led to similar diffusion patterns between the EGFR and HER2. Manipulations of membrane cholesterol content dramatically altered the diffusion pattern of both receptors. Cholesterol depletion led to almost complete confinement of the receptors, whereas cholesterol enrichment extended the boundaries of the restricted areas. Interestingly, F-actin depolymerization partially restored receptor mobility in cholesterol-depleted membranes. Our observations suggest that membrane cholesterol provides a dynamic environment that facilitates the free motion of EGFR and HER2, possibly by modulating the dynamic state of F-actin. The association of the receptors with lipid rafts could therefore promote their rapid interactions only upon ligand stimulation. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Orr, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 999 MSIN K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM galya.orr@pnl.gov RI Hu, Dehong/B-4650-2010; Ozcelik, Serdar/S-4518-2016; OI Hu, Dehong/0000-0002-3974-2963; Ozcelik, Serdar/0000-0003-2029-0108; Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867 NR 83 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 4 U2 19 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 89 IS 2 BP 1362 EP 1373 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.056192 PG 12 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 949XM UT WOS:000230822200058 PM 15908575 ER PT J AU Wetter, M AF Wetter, M TI BuildOpt - a new building energy simulation program that is built on smooth models SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE building energy simulation; adaptive precision simulation; differential algebraic equations; optimization; generalized pattern search ID DIFFERENTIAL-ALGEBRAIC SYSTEMS; IRRADIANCE AB Building energy simulation programs compute numerical approximations to physical phenomena that can be modeled by a system of differential algebraic equations (DAE). For a large class of building energy analysis problems, one can prove that the DAE system has unique solution that is once continuously differentiable in the building design parameters. Consequently, if building simulation programs are built on models that satisfy the smoothness assumptions required to prove existence of a unique smooth solution, and if their numerical solvers allow controlling the approximation error, one can use such programs with generalized pattern search optimization algorithms that adaptively control the precision of the solutions of the DAE system. Those optimization algorithms construct sequences of iterates with stationary accumulation points and have been shown to yield a significant reduction in computation time compared to algorithms that use fixed precision cost function evaluations. In this paper, we state the required smoothness assumptions and present the theorems that state existence of a unique smooth solution of the DAE system. We present BuildOpt, a detailed thermal and daylighting building energy simulation program. We discuss examples that explain the smoothing techniques used in BuildOpt. We present numerical experiments that compare the computation time for an annual simulation with the smoothing techniques applied to different parts of the models. The experiments show that high precision approximate solutions can only be computed if smooth models are used. This is significant because today's building simulation programs do not use such smoothing techniques and their solvers frequently fail to obtain a numerical solution if the solver tolerances are tight. We also present how BuildOpt's approximate solutions converge to a smooth function as the precision parameter of the numerical solver is tightened. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Bldg Technol Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Simulat Res Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wetter, M (reprint author), United Technol Res Ctr, 411 Silver Lane, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. EM WetterM@utrc.utc.com NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1085 EP 1092 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.10.003 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 933YM UT WOS:000229668900008 ER PT J AU Eyring, V Harris, NRP Rex, M Shepherd, TG Fahey, DW Amanatidis, GT Austin, J Chipperfield, MP Dameris, M Forster, PMF Gettelman, A Graf, HF Nagashima, T Newman, PA Pawson, S Prather, MJ Pyle, JA Salawitch, RJ Santer, BD Waugh, DW AF Eyring, V Harris, NRP Rex, M Shepherd, TG Fahey, DW Amanatidis, GT Austin, J Chipperfield, MP Dameris, M Forster, PMF Gettelman, A Graf, HF Nagashima, T Newman, PA Pawson, S Prather, MJ Pyle, JA Salawitch, RJ Santer, BD Waugh, DW TI A strategy for process-oriented validation of coupled chemistry-climate models SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE MODEL; QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ARCTIC OZONE LOSS; INTERACTIVE CHEMISTRY; POLAR VORTEX; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL AB Evaluating CCMs with the presented framework will increase our confidence in predictions of stratospheric ozone change. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci Dept, Irvine, CA USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercompar, Livermore, CA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP DLR, Inst Atmospher Phys, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. EM Veronika.Eyring@dlr.de RI Waugh, Darryn/K-3688-2016; Eyring, Veronika/O-9999-2016; Rex, Markus/A-6054-2009; Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Newman, Paul/D-6208-2012; Chipperfield, Martyn/H-6359-2013; Forster, Piers/F-9829-2010; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Pawson, Steven/I-1865-2014 OI Harris, Neil/0000-0003-1256-3006; Waugh, Darryn/0000-0001-7692-2798; Eyring, Veronika/0000-0002-6887-4885; Rex, Markus/0000-0001-7847-8221; Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832; Newman, Paul/0000-0003-1139-2508; Chipperfield, Martyn/0000-0002-6803-4149; Forster, Piers/0000-0002-6078-0171; Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Pawson, Steven/0000-0003-0200-717X NR 87 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1117 EP 1133 DI 10.1175/BAMS-86-8-1117 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 954YV UT WOS:000231192300014 ER PT J AU Jager, HI AF Jager, HI TI Genetic and demographic implications of aquaculture in white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) conservation SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HATCHERY; SALMON; WILD; POPULATION; IRIDOVIRUS; SELECTION; TROUT; MODEL; RISK; PERSPECTIVES AB This study uses a genetic individual-based model of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) populations in a river to examine the genetic and demographic trade-offs associated with operating a conservation hatchery. Simulation experiments evaluated three management practices: (i) setting quotas to equalize family contributions in an effort to prevent genetic swamping, (ii) an adaptive management scheme that interrupts stocking when introgression exceeds a specified threshold, and (iii) alternative broodstock selection strategies that influence domestication. The first set of simulations, designed to evaluate equalizing the genetic contribution of families, did not show the genetic benefits expected. The second set of simulations showed that simulated adaptive management was not successful in controlling introgression over the long term, especially with uncertain feedback. The third set of simulations compared the effects of three alternative broodstock selection strategies on domestication for hypothetical traits controlling early density-dependent survival. Simulated aquaculture selected for a density-tolerant phenotype when broodstock were taken from a genetically connected population. Using broodstock from an isolated population (i.e., above an upstream barrier or in a different watershed) was more effective at preventing domestication than using wild broodstock from a connected population. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jager, HI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jagerhi@ornl.gov NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 62 IS 8 BP 1733 EP 1745 DI 10.1139/F05-106 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 964NU UT WOS:000231888600005 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, S Yin, TM DiFazio, SP Tschaplinski, TJ Gunter, LE Davis, MF Tuskan, GA AF Wullschleger, S Yin, TM DiFazio, SP Tschaplinski, TJ Gunter, LE Davis, MF Tuskan, GA TI Phenotypic variation in growth and biomass distribution for two advanced-generation pedigrees of hybrid poplar SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID SEGREGATION DISTORTION; BELOWGROUND BIOMASS; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; ESTABLISHMENT YEAR; CARBON ALLOCATION; POPULUS CLONES; SHORT-ROTATION; RAPD MARKERS; ELEVATED CO2; PINUS-TAEDA AB To assess the genetic control of biomass distribution in trees, phenotypic variation in the distribution of dry mass to stems, branches, leaves, coarse roots, and fine roots was examined in two hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray (T) x Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. (D)) families grown under field conditions. Family 331 was an inbred F-2 (TD x TD) pedigree, whereas family 13 was an outbred backcross BC1 (TD x D) pedigree. Fractional distribution of total whole-tree biomass to shoots and roots during their establishment year averaged (+/- SD) 0.62 +/- 0.09 and 0.38 +/- 0.09, respectively, across 247 genotypes in family 331, and 0.57 +/- 0.06 and 0.43 +/- 0.06, respectively, across 160 genotypes in family 13. In contrast, fractional distribution of total biomass in 2-year-old trees was 0.79 +/- 0.04 to shoots and 0.21 +/- 0.04 to roots. Allometric analysis indicated that as trees increased in age, biomass was preferentially distributed to stems and branches, whereas distribution to roots declined. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for family 13 indicated 31 QTL (likelihood of odds > 2.5) for traits measured. The percent phenotypic variation explained by any single QTL ranged from 7.5% to 18.3% and averaged 11.2% across all QTL. These results show that aboveground and belowground patterns of biomass distribution are under genetic control. This finding has wide-ranging implications for carbon sequestration, phytoremediation, and basic biological research in trees. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Nanjing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Engn State Forest Adm, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wullschleger, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wullschlegsd@ornl.gov RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Gunter, Lee/L-3480-2016; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Gunter, Lee/0000-0003-1211-7532; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622; davis, mark/0000-0003-4541-9852 NR 41 TC 66 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 18 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1779 EP 1789 DI 10.1139/x05-101 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 978EM UT WOS:000232856400001 ER PT J AU Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Fournier, K Chen, M AF Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Fournier, K Chen, M TI Soft-X-ray spectra of highly charged Os, Bi, Th, and U ions in an electron beam ion trap SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; RESONANCE LINES; TUNGSTEN; SPECTROSCOPY; EUV; PLASMAS; ENERGY AB Systematic variation of the electron-beam energy in an electron-beam ion trap has been employed to produce soft-X-ray spectra of Os, Bi, Th, and U with the highest charge states ranging up to Ni-like ions. Guided by relativistic atomic structure calculations, the strongest lines have been identified with Delta n = 0 (n = 4 to n' = 4) transitions in Rb- to Cu-like ions. The rather weak 4p-4d transitions are much less affected by QED contributions than the dominant 4s-4p transitions. Our wavelength measurements consequently provide benchmarks with and (almost) without QED. Because the radiative corrections are not very sensitive to the number of electrons in the valence shell, our data, moreover, provide benchmarks for the evaluation of electron-electron interactions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Temp & Astrophys Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Temp & Astrophys Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM traebert@ep3.rub.de NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 83 IS 8 BP 829 EP 840 DI 10.1139/P05-043 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960MZ UT WOS:000231599100003 ER PT J AU Walker, SR Jamieson, HE Lanzirotti, A Andrade, CF Hall, GEM AF Walker, SR Jamieson, HE Lanzirotti, A Andrade, CF Hall, GEM TI The speciation of arsenic in iron oxides in mine wastes from the Giant gold mine, NWT: Application of synchrotron micro-XRD and micro-XANES at the grain scale SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Metals in the Environment Symposium/Environmental Studies of Mine Wastes Meeting held at the GAC/MAC/SEG Annual Meeting CY MAY 25-28, 2003 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP GAC, MAC, SEG DE arsenic speciation; maghemite; hematite; micro-XANES; micro-XRD; gold ore; ore roasting; Giant mine; Northwest Territories ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTITATIVE SPECIATION; SYNTHETIC JAROSITE; HEAVY-METALS; SOIL; PYRITE; NANOPARTICLES; DIFFRACTION; EXTRACTION; OXIDATION AB Understanding the solid-phase speciation of arsenic in soils and sediments is important in evaluations of the potential mobility of arsenic and of its bio-availability in the environment. This is especially true in mine-influenced environments, where arsenic commonly is present at concentrations two and three orders of magnitude above quality criteria for soils and sediments. Arsenic-bearing particulates dispersed through hydraulic transport or aerosol emissions can represent a persistent source of contamination in sediments and soils adjacent to past mining and metallurgical operations. The stability and mobility of arsenic associated with these phases depend on the chemical form and oxidation state of the arsenic and the interaction with post-depositional geochemical conditions. The Giant mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, roasted arsenic-bearing gold ore from 1949 to 1999. The roasting process decomposed arsenic-bearing sulfides (pyrite and arsenopyrite) to produce a calcine containing fine (generally < 50 mu m) arsenic-bearing iron oxides. We have applied synchrotron As K-edge micro X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure (mu XANES) and mu XRD as part of a grain-by-grain mineralogical approach for the direct determination of the host mineralogy and oxidation state of As in these toaster-derived iron oxides. The grain-scale approach has resolved potential ambiguities that would have existed had only bulk XANES and XRD methods been applied. Using combined optical microscopy, electron microprobe and mu XRD, we have determined that the roaster-iron oxides are nanocrystalline grains of maghemite containing < 0.5 to 7 wt.% As. Some of these arsenic-bearing nanocrystalline grains are a mixture of maghemite and hematite. All roaster iron oxides, including those present in 50-year-old tailings, contain mixtures of As5+ and As3+. The persistence of As3+ in roaster-derived maghemite in shallow subareal (oxidized) shoreline tailings for over 50 years suggests that the arsenic is relatively stable under these conditions, even though As3+ is a reduced form of arsenic, and maghemite is normally considered a metastable phase. C1 Queens Univ, Dept Gol Sci & Geol Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Univ Chicago, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada. RP Queens Univ, Dept Gol Sci & Geol Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. EM jamieson@geol.queensu.ca NR 74 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 37 PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA PI QUEBEC PA 490, RUE DE LA COURONNE, QUEBEC, QC G1K 9A9, CANADA SN 0008-4476 EI 1499-1276 J9 CAN MINERAL JI Can. Mineral. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 BP 1205 EP 1224 DI 10.2113/gscanmin.43.4.1205 PN 4 PG 20 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA 991EF UT WOS:000233794400008 ER PT J AU Miller, WH Hartmann-Siantar, C Fisher, D Descalle, MA Daly, T Lehmann, J Lewis, MR Hoffman, T Smith, J Situ, PD Volkert, WA AF Miller, WH Hartmann-Siantar, C Fisher, D Descalle, MA Daly, T Lehmann, J Lewis, MR Hoffman, T Smith, J Situ, PD Volkert, WA TI Evaluation of beta-absorbed fractions in a mouse model for Y-90, Re-188, Ho-166, Pm-149, Cu-64, and Lu-177 radionuclides SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE Y-90; Re-188; Ho-166; Pm-149; Lu-177; Cu-64; beta-emitter dosimetry; Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) estimates; mouse model; molecular targeted radionuclide therapy; radioimmunotherapy; MCNP; PEREGRINE; small-scale dosimetry; S-factors ID DOSE MEASUREMENTS; DOSIMETRY; KIDNEY; TUMOR AB Several short-lived, high-energy beta emitters are being proposed as the radionuclide components for molecular-targeted potential cancer therapeutic agents. The laboratory mice used to determine the efficacy of these new agents have organs that are relatively small compared to the ranges of these high-energy particles. The dosimetry model developed by Hui et al. was extended to provide realistic beta-dose estimates for organs in mice that received therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals containing Y-90, Re-188, Ho-166, Pm-149, Cu-64, and Lu-177. Major organs in this model included the liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, heart, stomach, small and large bowel, thyroid, pancreas, bone, marrow, carcass, and a 0.025-g tumor. The study as reported in this paper verifies their results for Y-90 and extends them by using their organ geometry factors combined with newly calculated organ self-absorbed fractions from PEREGRINE and MCNP. PEREGRINE and MCNP agree to within 8% for the worst-case organ with average differences (averaged over all organs) decreasing from 5% for Y-90 to 1% for Lu-177. When used with typical biodistribution data, the three different models predict doses that are in agreement to within 5% for the worst-case organ. The beta-absorbed fractions and cross-organ-deposited energy provided in this paper can be used by researchers to predict mouse-organ doses and should contribute to an improved understanding of the relationship between dose and radiation toxicity in mouse models where use of these isotopes is favorable. C1 Univ Missouri, Nucl Sci & Engn Inst, E2433, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Canc, Dept Radiat Oncol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radioisotopes Program, Richland, WA USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Radiol, Columbia, MO USA. Harry S Truman Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv, Columbia, MO USA. RP Miller, WH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Nucl Sci & Engn Inst, E2433, Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM MillerW@missouri.edu NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 436 EP 449 DI 10.1089/cbr.2005.20.436 PG 14 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 958ZU UT WOS:000231487500008 PM 16114992 ER PT J AU Macrae, M Neve, RM Rodriguez-Viciana, P Haqq, C Yeh, J Chen, CR Gray, JW McCormick, F AF Macrae, M Neve, RM Rodriguez-Viciana, P Haqq, C Yeh, J Chen, CR Gray, JW McCormick, F TI A conditional feedback loop regulates Ras activity through EphA2 SO CANCER CELL LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES; GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LIGAND-BINDING; MESSENGER-RNA; HUMAN CANCER; EPHRIN-AS; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION AB The EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase is frequently overexpressed in many cancers, including 40% of breast cancers. Here, we show that EphA2 is a direct transcriptional target of the Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway and that ligand-stimulated EphA2 attenuates the growth factor-induced activation of Ras. Thus, a negative feedback loop is created that regulates Ras activity. Interestingly, the expression of EphA2 and ephrin-A1 is mutually exclusive in a panel of 28 breast cancer cell lines. We show that the MAPK pathway inhibits ephrin-A1 expression, and the ligand expression inhibits EphA2 levels contributing to the receptor-ligand reciprocal expression pattern in these cell lines. Our results suggest that an escape from the negative effects of this interaction may be important in the development of cancer. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Canc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Hematol & Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP McCormick, F (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Canc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM mccormick@cc.ucsf.edu NR 34 TC 124 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1535-6108 J9 CANCER CELL JI Cancer Cell PD AUG PY 2005 VL 8 IS 2 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.07.005 PG 8 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 956WG UT WOS:000231330100006 PM 16098464 ER PT J AU Klein, KL Melechko, AV Rack, PD Fowlkes, JD Meyer, HM Simpson, ML AF Klein, KL Melechko, AV Rack, PD Fowlkes, JD Meyer, HM Simpson, ML TI Cu-Ni composition gradient for the catalytic synthesis of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers SO CARBON LA English DT Article DE carbon nano-fibers; chemical vapor deposition; plasma deposition; electron microscopy; catalytic properties ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FIELD-EMISSION; COPPER-NICKEL; THIN-FILM; GROWTH; NANOTUBES; DECOMPOSITION; INTEGRATION; ARRAYS; TIPS AB The influence of catalyst alloy composition on the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers was studied using Cu-Ni thin films. Metals were co-sputtered onto a substrate to form a thin film alloy with a wide compositional gradient, as determined by Auger analysis. Carbon nanofibers were then grown from the gradient catalyst film by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The alloy composition produced substantial differences in the resulting nanofibers, which varied from branched structures at 81%Ni-19%Cu to high aspect ratio nanocones at 80%Cu-20%Ni. Electron microscopy and spectroscopy techniques also revealed segregation of the initial alloy catalyst particles at certain concentrations. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Microscopy Microanal & Microstruct Grp, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, POB 2008,Bldg 3500, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kleinkl@ornl.gov; simpsonMLl@ornl.gov RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1857 EP 1863 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.02.027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 952DT UT WOS:000230983000006 ER PT J AU Pellin, MJ Stair, PC Xiong, G Elam, JW Birrell, J Curtiss, L George, SM Han, CY Iton, L Kung, H Kung, M Wang, HH AF Pellin, MJ Stair, PC Xiong, G Elam, JW Birrell, J Curtiss, L George, SM Han, CY Iton, L Kung, H Kung, M Wang, HH TI Mesoporous catalytic membranes: Synthetic control of pore size and wall composition SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE AAO; ALD; alumina; anodic aluminium oxide; atomic layer deposition; cyclohexane; membranes; oxidative dehydrogenation ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; ANODIC AL2O3 FILMS; OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; VANADIA CATALYSTS; ALUMINA; SILICA; CYCLOHEXANE; ELECTROLYTE; TRANSPORT AB Atomic layer deposition (ALD) on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) is shown to be a facile, flexible route to the synthesis of catalytic membranes with precise control of pore wall composition and diameters. The oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane was shown to depend strongly on pore diameter and to be more specific than similarly active alumina powder catalysts. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Ctr Catalysis & Surface Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Pellin, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pellin@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; George, Steven/O-2163-2013 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; George, Steven/0000-0003-0253-9184 NR 31 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 102 IS 3-4 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1007/s10562-005-5843-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945PW UT WOS:000230515600003 ER PT J AU Buelna, G Nenoff, TM AF Buelna, G Nenoff, TM TI A one-step catalytic separation process for the production of cumene SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE benzene alkylation; catalytic distillation; cumene; reactive separation ID REACTIVE DISTILLATION; BENZENE; ALKYLATION; BEHAVIOR; ZEOLITE AB A novel reactor design has been completed and tested for catalytic separation and production of cumene. Use of a reactive separation column packed with a solid acid catalyst where simultaneous reaction and partial separation occur during cumene production allows separation of unreacted excess benzene from other products as they form. This high yielding system allows for one step processing of cumene, with reduced need for product purification. Beta catalysts produced promising results, including cumene selectivity for catalytic separation reactions starting at 85% and cumene reaction yield up to 30% at a reaction temperature of 115 degrees C. Simultaneously, up to 76% of unreacted benzene was separated from the products. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Biol Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Autonoma Tamaulipas, Fac Enfermeria Nuevo Laredo Pino Suarez & Aldama, Mexico City 88000, DF, Mexico. RP Nenoff, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Biol Technol Dept, POB 5800,MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tmnenof@sandia.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 102 IS 3-4 BP 285 EP 288 DI 10.1007/s10562-005-5870-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945PW UT WOS:000230515600030 ER PT J AU Nakayama, Y Mian, IS Kohwi-Shigematsu, T Ogawa, T AF Nakayama, Y Mian, IS Kohwi-Shigematsu, T Ogawa, T TI A nuclear targeting determinant for SATB1, a genome organizer in the T cell lineage SO CELL CYCLE LA English DT Article DE nuclear targeting sequences; SATB1; SATB2; nuclear localization signal; Drosophila dve ID MATRIX ATTACHMENT REGION; TELOMERASE REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN; LOCALIZATION SIGNAL; NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC TRANSPORT; CHAIN ENHANCER; IN-VIVO; DOMAIN; IMPORT; EXPORT AB SATB1 is a nuclear protein, which acts as a cell-type specific genome organizer and gene regulator essential for T cell differentiation and activation. Several functional domains of SATB1 have been identified. However, the region required for nuclear localization remains unknown. To delineate this region, we employed sequence analysis to identify phylogenetically diverse members of the SATB1 protein family, and used hidden Markov model ( HMM)-based analysis to define conserved regions and motifs in this family. One of the regions conserved in SATB1- and SATB2-like proteins in mammals, fish, frog and bird, is located near the N-terminus of family members. We found that the N-terminus of human SATB1 was essential for the nuclear localization of the protein. Furthermore, fusing residues 20 - 40 to a cytoplasmic green fluorescence protein (GFP) fused to pyruvate kinase (PK) was sufficient to quantitatively translocate the pyruvate kinase into the nucleus. The nuclear targeting sequence of human SATB1 ( residues 20 - 40) is novel and does not contain clusters of basic residues, typically found in 'classical' nuclear localization signals (NLSs). We investigated the importance of four well-conserved residues (Lys29, Arg32, Glu34, and Asn36) in this nuclear targeting sequences. Remarkably, full-length SATB1 harboring a single point mutation at either Lys29 or Arg32, but not Glu34 or Asn36, did not enter the nucleus. Our results indicate that SATB1 N-terminal residues 20 - 40 represent a novel determinant of nuclear targeting. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kohwi-Shigematsu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM terumiks@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA39681] NR 48 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1538-4101 EI 1551-4005 J9 CELL CYCLE JI Cell Cycle PD AUG PY 2005 VL 4 IS 8 BP 1099 EP 1106 PG 8 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 952EY UT WOS:000230986700027 PM 15970696 ER PT J AU Sugama, T Brothers, LE Van de Putte, TR AF Sugama, T Brothers, LE Van de Putte, TR TI Air-foamed calcium aluminate phosphate cement for geothermal wells SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE calcium aluminate phosphate cement; air-foamed cement slurry; geothermal well; corrosion protection ID IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RESISTANCE; CORROSION; CONCRETE; BEHAVIOR AB Air-foamed low-density calcium aluminate phosphate (CaP) cement slurry was prepared by mixing it with chemical foaming reagent at room temperature without any pressure, followed by autoclaving at 200 degrees C, When the porosity. compressive strength. and water permeability of the autoclaved CaP foam cement made from a 1.22 g/cc slurry density was compared with those of N-2 gas-foamed Class G cement made from a slurry of similar density under high pressure and hydrothermal temperature at 288 degrees C, the CaP cement revealed some advanced properties, such as a higher compressive strength and lower porosity. These advanced properties were due to the hybrid formation of three crystalline hydrothermal reaction products: hydroxyapatite. boehmite, and hydrogarnet phases. However, one shortcoming was an increase in water permeability because of the formation of an undesirable continuous porous structure caused by coalesced air bubble cells, suggesting that in appropriate lesser amount of foaming reagent be used to create a conformation in which fine discrete air-bubble cells are uniformly dispersed throughout the slurry. For non-foamed cement, three major factors contributed to protecting carbon steel against corrosion: (1) good adherence to steel, reflecting a high extent of coverage by the cement layer over the steel's surfaces, (2) retardation of cathodic corrosion reactions and. (3) minimum conductivity of corrosive ionic electrolytes. However. adding an excessive amount of foaming reagent did not offer as effective corrosion protection as that of non-foamed cement. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CalEnergy Operating Corp, Calipatria, CA 92233 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 526,12 N 6th St, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sugama@bnl.gov; Lance.Brothers@halliburton.com; Todd.VandePutte@calenergy.com NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-9465 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP JI Cem. Concr. Compos. PD AUG-SEP PY 2005 VL 27 IS 7-8 BP 758 EP 768 DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.11.003 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 946CY UT WOS:000230550900003 ER PT J AU Sperber, KR Gualdi, S Legutke, S Gayler, V AF Sperber, KR Gualdi, S Legutke, S Gayler, V TI The Madden-Julian oscillation in ECHAM4 coupled and uncoupled general circulation models SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; EL-NINO; CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; MOISTURE CONVERGENCE; INDIAN OCEANS; LIFE-CYCLE; PART II AB The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) dominates tropical variability on timescales of 30-70 days. During the boreal winter/spring, it is manifested as an eastward propagating disturbance, with a strong convective signature over the eastern hemisphere. The space-time structure of the MJO is analyzed using simulations with the ECHAM4 atmospheric general circulation model run with observed monthly mean sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), and coupled to three different ocean models. The coherence of the eastward propagation of MJO convection is sensitive to the ocean model to which ECHAM4 is coupled. For ECHAM4/ OPYC and ECHO-G, models for which similar to 100 years of daily data is available, Monte Carlo sampling indicates that their metrics of eastward propagation are different at the 1% significance level. The flux-adjusted coupled simulations, ECHAM4/OPYC and ECHO-G, maintain a more realistic mean-state, and have a more realistic MJO simulation than the nonadjusted scale interaction experiment (SINTEX) coupled runs. The SINTEX model exhibits a cold bias in Indian Ocean and tropical West Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperature of similar to 0.5 degrees C. This cold bias affects the distribution of time-mean convection over the tropical eastern hemisphere. Furthermore, the eastward propagation of MJO convection in this model is not as coherent as in the two models that used flux adjustment or when compared to an integration of ECHAM4 with prescribed observed SST. This result suggests that simulating a realistic basic state is at least as important as air-sea interaction for organizing the MJO. While all of the coupled models simulate the warm (cold) SST anomalies that precede (succeed) the MJO convection, the interaction of the components of the net surface heat flux that lead to these anomalies are different over the Indian Ocean. The ECHAM4/OPYC model in which the atmospheric model is run at a horizontal resolution of T42, has eastward propagating zonal wind anomalies and latent heat flux anomalies. However, the integrations with ECHO-G and SINTEX, which used T30 atmospheres, produce westward propagation of the latent heat flux anomalies, contrary to reanalysis. It is suggested that the differing ability of the models to represent the near-surface westerlies over the Indian Ocean is related to the different horizontal resolutions of the atmospheric model employed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Natl Inst Geophys & Volcanol, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Models & Data Grp, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sperber1@llnl.gov RI Gualdi, Silvio/F-3061-2015; Sperber, Kenneth/H-2333-2012 OI Gualdi, Silvio/0000-0001-7777-8935; NR 64 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-7575 EI 1432-0894 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 117 EP 140 DI 10.1007/s00382-005-0026-3 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 964BM UT WOS:000231853700001 ER PT J AU Miao, YB Hylarides, M Fisher, DR Shelton, T Moore, H Wester, DW Fritzberg, AR Winkelmann, CT Hoffman, T Quinn, TP AF Miao, YB Hylarides, M Fisher, DR Shelton, T Moore, H Wester, DW Fritzberg, AR Winkelmann, CT Hoffman, T Quinn, TP TI Melanoma therapy via peptide-targeted alpha-radiation SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; TUMOR-THERAPY; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; DOSIMETRY; HORMONE; ANALOGS; RADIOTHERAPY; TOXICITY; MODEL AB Purpose: The therapeutic efficacy of a unique melanoma-targeting peptide conjugated with an in vivo generated a-particle-emitting radionuclide was evaluated in the B16/F1 mouse melanoma animal model. alpha-Radiation is densely ionizing, resulting in high concentrations of destructive radicals and irreparable DNA double-strand breaks. This high linear energy transfer overcomes radiation-resistant tumor cells and oxygen effects resulting in potentially high therapeutic indices in tumors such as melanoma. Experimental Design: The melanoma targeting peptide, 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH, was radiolabeled with Pb-212, the parent of Bi-212, which decays via alpha and beta decay. Biodistribution and therapy studies were done in the B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mouse flank tumor model. Results: Pb-212[DOTA]-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited rapid tumor uptake and extended retention coupled with rapid whole body disappearance. Radiation dose delivered to the tumor was estimated to be 61 cGy/mu Ci Pb-212 administered. Treatment of melanoma-bearing mice with 50, 100, and 200 mu Ci of Pb-212[DOTA]-Re(Arg(11)) CCMSH extended their mean survival to 22, 28, and 49.8 days, respectively, compared with the 14.6-day mean survival of the placebo control group. Forty-five percent of the mice receiving 200 mu Ci doses survived the study disease-free. Conclusions: Treatment of B16/F1 murine melanoma-bearing mice with Pb-212[DOTA]-Re(Arg(11)) CCMSH significantly decreased tumor growth rates resulting in extended mean survival times, and in many cases, complete remission of disease. Pb-212-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH seems to be a very promising radiopharmaceutical for targeted radionuclide therapy of melanoma. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Internal Med, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Radiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Harry S Truman Mem Vet Hosp, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. AlphaMed Inc, Acton, MA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Quinn, TP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM quinnt@missouri.edu RI Winkelmann, Christopher/A-7382-2010 FU NCI NIH HHS [R42-CA85106]; NCRR NIH HHS [T32-RR07004] NR 35 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 11 IS 15 BP 5616 EP 5621 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0619 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 950SX UT WOS:000230878900038 PM 16061880 ER PT J AU Kraynik, A AF Kraynik, A TI Obituary - Henricus Mattheus Princen SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114 MS0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kraynik, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114 MS0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM amkrayn@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 263 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.03.002 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 946NU UT WOS:000230579900003 ER PT J AU Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F AF Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F TI Structure of random bidisperse foam SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Foams, Emulsions and Applications (EUFOAM 2004) CY JUL 05-08, 2004 CL Univ Marne la Vallee, Champs sur Marne, FRANCE HO Univ Marne la Vallee DE foam; soap froth; structure; bidisperse ID GRAIN-GROWTH; COUNTEREXAMPLE; CONJECTURE; BUBBLES; CELLS AB The Surface Evolver was used to compute the equilibrium microstructure of random soap foams with bidisperse cell-size distributions and to evaluate topological and geometric properties of the foams and individual cells. The simulations agree with the experimental data of Matzke and Nestler for the probability p(F) of finding cells with F faces and its dependence on the fraction of large cells. The simulations also agree with the theory for isotropic Plateau polyhedra (IPP), which describes the F-dependence of cell geometric properties, such as surface area, edge length, and mean curvature (diffusive growth rate); this is consistent with results for polydisperse foams. Cell surface areas are about 10% greater than spheres of equal volume, which leads to a simple but accurate relation for the surface free energy density of foams. The Aboav-Weaire law is not valid for bidisperse foams. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kraynik, AM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114, MS0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM amkrayn@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 263 IS 1-3 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.02.037 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 946NU UT WOS:000230579900006 ER PT J AU Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T AF Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T TI Bounding film drainage in common thin films SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Foams, Emulsions and Applications (EUFOAM 2004) CY JUL 05-08, 2004 CL Univ Marne la Vallee, Champs sur Marne, FRANCE HO Univ Marne la Vallee DE thin films; thinning velocity; film drainage; scaling law; spontaneous rupture ID LIQUID-FILMS; CRITICAL THICKNESS; FOAM STABILITY; EMULSION FILMS; SURFACTANT; HYDRODYNAMICS; INTERFACES; RUPTURE AB A review of thin film drainage models is presented in which the predictions of thinning velocities and drainage times are compared to reported values on foam and emulsion films found in the literature. Free standing films with tangentially immobile interfaces and suppressed electrostatic repulsion are considered, such as those studied in capillary cells. The experimental thinning velocities and drainage times of foams and emulsions are shown to be bounded by predictions from the Reynolds and the theoretical MTsR equations. The semi-empirical MTsR and the surface wave equations were the most consistently accurate with all of the films considered. These results are used in an accompanying paper to develop scaling laws that bound the critical film thickness of foam and emulsion films. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Queensland, Ctr High Performance Polymers, Sch Engn, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ So Queensland, Dept Mech & Mechotron Engn, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Coons, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jimc@lanl.gov RI Tran-Cong, Thanh/G-1077-2010; Coons, Jim/G-5159-2011; Halley, Peter/F-8435-2014; OI Tran-Cong, Thanh/0000-0002-7919-1879; Halley, Peter/0000-0001-8014-6613; Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 263 IS 1-3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.01.009 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 946NU UT WOS:000230579900028 ER PT J AU Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T AF Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T TI Scaling laws for the critical rupture thickness or common thin films SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th European Conference on Foams, Emulsions and Applications (EUFOAM 2004) CY JUL 05-08, 2004 CL Univ Marne la Vallee, Champs sur Marne, FRANCE HO Univ Marne la Vallee DE thin films; thinning velocity; critical film thickness; spontaneous rupture mechanism; scaling laws; Lifshitz theory ID LIQUID-FILMS; FOAM STABILITY; EMULSION FILMS; DRAINAGE AB Despite decades of experimental and theoretical investigation on thin films, considerable uncertainty exists in the prediction of their critical rupture thickness. According to the spontaneous rupture mechanism, common thin films become unstable when capillary waves. at the interfaces begin to grow. In a horizontal film with symmetry at the midplane. unstable waves from adjacent interfaces grow towards the center of the film. As the film drains and becomes thinner, unstable waves osculate and cause the film to rupture, Uncertainty sterns from a number of sources including the theories used to predict film drainage and corrugation growth dynamics. In the early studies, (lie linear stability of small amplitude waves was investigated in the Context of the quasi-static approximation in which the dynamics of wave growth and film thinning are separated. The zeroth order wave growth equation of Vrij predicts faster wave growth rates than the first order equation derived by Sharma and Ruckenstein. It has been demonstrated in an accompanying paper that film drainage rates and times measured by numerous investigations are bounded by the predictions of the Reynolds equation and the more recent theory of Manev, Tsekov, and Radoev. Solutions to combinations of these equations yield simple scaling laws which should bound the critical rupture thickness of foam and emulsion films, In this paper, critical thickness measurements reported in the literature are compared to predictions from the bounding scaling equations and it is shown that the retarded Hamaker constants derived from approximate Lifshitz theory underestimate the critical thickness of foam and emulsion films, The non-retarded Hamaker constant more adequately bounds the critical thickness measurements over the entire range of film radii reported in the literature. This result reinforces observations made by other independent researchers that interfacial interactions in flexible liquid films are not adequately represented by the retarded Hamaker constant obtained from Lifshitz theory and that the interactions become significant at much greater separations than previously thought. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Queensland, Sch Engn, Ctr High Performance Polymers, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ So Queensland, Dept Mech & Mechotron Engn, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Coons, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, POB 1663,MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jimc@lanl.gov RI Tran-Cong, Thanh/G-1077-2010; Coons, Jim/G-5159-2011; Halley, Peter/F-8435-2014; OI Tran-Cong, Thanh/0000-0002-7919-1879; Halley, Peter/0000-0001-8014-6613; Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 263 IS 1-3 BP 258 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.01.008 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 946NU UT WOS:000230579900036 ER PT J AU Schultz, E AF Schultz, E TI Non-infosec professionals in infosec? SO COMPUTERS & SECURITY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schultz, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eeugeneschultz2@aol.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0167-4048 J9 COMPUT SECUR JI Comput. Secur. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 5 BP 347 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.cose.2005.06.002 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA 973ST UT WOS:000232543600001 ER PT J AU Schrott, GR With, KA King, AW AF Schrott, GR With, KA King, AW TI Demographic limitations of the ability of habitat restoration to rescue declining populations SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE demographic models; extinction risk; habitat loss; habitat fragmentation; migratory birds; neutral landscape models ID VIABILITY ANALYSIS; IBERIAN LYNX; FRAGMENTATION; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; FOREST; BIRDS; CATASTROPHES; EXTINCTION; DYNAMICS AB Habitat restoration is often recommended in conservation without first evaluating whether populations are in fact habitat limited and thus whether declining populations can be stabilized or recovered through habitat restoration. We used a spatially structured demographic model coupled with a dynamic neutral landscape model to evaluate whether habitat restoration could rescue populations of several generic migratory songbirds that differed in their sensitivity to habitat fragmentation (i.e.; severity of edge effects on nesting success). Simulating a best-case scenario, landscapes were instantly restored to 100% habitat before, at, or after habitat loss exceeded the species' vulnerability threshold. The vulnerability threshold is a measure of extinction risk, in which the change in population growth rate (Delta lambda) scaled to the rate of habitat loss (Delta h) falls below -1% (Delta lambda/Delta h <=-0.01). Habitat restoration was most effective for species with low-to-moderate edge sensitivities and in landscapes that had not previously experienced extensive fragmentation. To stabilize populations of species that were highly edge sensitive or any species in heavily fragmented landscapes, restoration needed to be initiated long before the vulnerability threshold was reached. In practice, habitat restoration is generally not initiated until a population is at risk of extinction, but our model results demonstrate that some populations cannot be recovered at this point through habitat restoration alone. At this stage, habitat loss and fragmentation have seriously eroded the species' demographic potential such that halting population declines is limited more by demographic factors than the amount of available habitat. Evidence that populations decline in response to habitat loss is thus not sufficient to conclude that habitat restoration will be sufficient to rescue declining populations. C1 Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP With, KA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM kwith@ksu.edu RI With, Kimberly/J-5124-2014 OI With, Kimberly/0000-0001-5570-1515 NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1181 EP 1193 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00205.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 953XL UT WOS:000231118600024 ER PT J AU Hauer, B Kay, BK AF Hauer, B Kay, BK TI Protein-based research and commercial opportunities SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hauer, B (reprint author), BASF AG, GVF-E-B9, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. EM bernhard.hauer@basf-ag.de; bkay@anl.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 16 IS 4 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2005.07.003 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 961JS UT WOS:000231659000001 PM 16023846 ER PT J AU Kriplani, U Kay, BK AF Kriplani, U Kay, BK TI Selecting peptides for use in nanoscale materials using phagedisplayed combinatorial peptide libraries SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PHAGE DISPLAY; CARBON NANOTUBES; AMINO-ACIDS; GROWTH; VIRUS; NANOWIRES; BIOLOGY; SILICA; NANOSTRUCTURES; BACTERIOPHAGE AB Materials that combine inorganic components and biological molecules provide a new paradigm for synthesizing nanoscale and larger structures with tailored physical properties. These synthesis techniques utilize the molecular recognition properties of many biological molecules to nucleate and control growth of the nanoscale structure. Phage-displayed peptide libraries are a powerful tool to identify peptides that selectively recognize and bind to a variety of inorganic surfaces that are utilized in electronic and photonic devices. These libraries have been used extensively to study the peptide-mediated nucleation and growth of some metallic and semiconducting materials, and the application to designed nanostructures has been demonstrated. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kay, BK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bkay@anl.gov NR 51 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 29 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 16 IS 4 BP 470 EP 475 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2005.07.001 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 961JS UT WOS:000231659000016 PM 16019201 ER PT J AU Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Saiz, E. Tomsia, A. P. TI Kinetics of high-temperature spreading SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE reactive spreading; ridge-controlled spreading; triple line; interdiffusion ID LIQUID ALUMINUM; TRIPLE LINE; DYNAMICS; ALLOYS; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; SYSTEM; INTERFACE; CU; CONTACT AB This paper reviews the recent advances in the experimental and theoretical analysis of the high-temperature spreading of molten metals and oxides. Results obtained in the analysis of simple non-reactive systems are compared with current theories developed for room-temperature liquids. These results outline the critical role in spreading at high-temperature of the local dissipation at the triple solid-liquid-vapor junction. However, in most high-temperature systems, the substrate cannot be described as an ideal solid-rigid and insoluble-and the movement of the triple junctions is accompanied by other phenomena such as ridging, interdiffusion, and chemical reactions (reactive spreading). The effect of these phenomena is outlined and a framework for the theoretical analysis of reactive spreading emerges. This framework is based on the division of the reactive spreading process into its constituent steps, and the identification of the step that drives spreading and controls its kinetics. A key aspect of the analysis is the description of the structure of the triple junction and the identification of the relative kinetics of the movement of the liquid and the other phenomena that accompany spreading. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saiz, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM esaiz@lbl.gov NR 62 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 EI 1879-0348 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD AUG-OCT PY 2005 VL 9 IS 4-5 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2006.04.005 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 114EE UT WOS:000242648700004 ER PT J AU Webb, EB Hoyt, JJ Grest, GS AF Webb, Edmund B., III Hoyt, J. J. Grest, Gary S. TI High temperature-wetting: Insights from atomistic simulations SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE reactive wetting; simulation; molecular dynamics; thermodynamics; dissolutive wetting ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; SPREADING KINETICS; SN SYSTEM; SURFACES; DROPLET; AG; CU; NANODROPLETS; INTERFACES; FILMS AB Results from large-scale atomic simulations of high temperature wetting and spreading have demonstrated that molecular dynamics modeling is well suited to elucidate fundamental details of reactive wetting. This report reviews recent literature and provides an example of how thermodynamic calculations complement wetting simulations to permit a careful examination of the role of reaction free energy in determining dissolutive wetting kinetics. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Webb, EB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ebwebb@sandia.gov; jjhoyt@sandia.gov; gsgrest@sandia.gov NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD AUG-OCT PY 2005 VL 9 IS 4-5 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2006.03.003 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 114EE UT WOS:000242648700005 ER PT J AU Rojas, A De Val, S Heidt, AB Xu, SM Bristow, J Black, BL AF Rojas, A De Val, S Heidt, AB Xu, SM Bristow, J Black, BL TI Gata4 expression in lateral mesoderm is downstream of BMP4 and is activated directly by Forkhead and GATA transcription factors through a distal enhancer element SO DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE GATA4; GATA; BMP4; BMP; FOXF1; Forkhead; transcription; enhancer; transgenic; mouse; liver; mesenchyme; lateral mesoderm; septum transversum ID BONE-MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-4; EARLY ENDODERM DEVELOPMENT; HEART TUBE FORMATION; DEVELOPMENT IN-VIVO; GENE-EXPRESSION; VENTRAL MORPHOGENESIS; GUT ENDODERM; MOUSE; DIFFERENTIATION; NKX2-5 AB The GATA family of zinc-finger transcription factors plays key roles in the specification and differentiation of multiple cell types during development. GATA4 is an early regulator of gene expression during the development of endoderm and mesoderm, and genetic studies in mice have demonstrated that GATA4 is required for embryonic development. Despite the importance of GATA4 in tissue specification and differentiation, the mechanisms by which Gata4 expression is activated and the transcription factor pathways upstream of GATA4 remain largely undefined. To identify transcriptional regulators of Gata4 in the mouse, we screened conserved noncoding sequences from the mouse Gata4 gene for enhancer activity in transgenic embryos. Here, we define the regulation of a distal enhancer element from Gata4 that is sufficient to direct expression throughout the lateral mesoderm, beginning at 7.5 days of mouse embryonic development. The activity of this enhancer is initially broad but eventually becomes restricted to the mesenchyme surrounding the liver. We demonstrate that the function of this enhancer in transgenic embryos is dependent upon highly conserved Forkhead and GATA transcription factor binding sites, which are bound by FOXF1 and GATA4, respectively. Furthermore, the activity of the Gata4 lateral mesoderm enhancer is attenuated by the BMP antagonist Noggin, and the enhancer is not activated in Bmp4-null embryos. Thus, these studies establish that Gata4 is a direct transcriptional target of Forkhead and GATA transcription factors in the lateral mesoderm, and demonstrate that Gata4 lateral mesoderm enhancer activation requires BMP4, supporting a model in which GATA4 serves as a downstream effector of BMP signaling in the lateral mesoderm. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Black, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM brian.black@ucsf.edu RI Rojas, Anabel/E-8768-2014; OI Rojas, Anabel/0000-0003-0733-8277; Black, Brian/0000-0002-6664-8913 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL64658] NR 62 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 4 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0950-1991 J9 DEVELOPMENT JI Development PD AUG PY 2005 VL 132 IS 15 BP 3405 EP 3417 DI 10.1242/dev.01913 PG 13 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 960XZ UT WOS:000231627800008 PM 15987774 ER PT J AU Bierman, PR Reuter, JM Pavich, K Gellis, AC Caffee, MW Larsen, J AF Bierman, PR Reuter, JM Pavich, K Gellis, AC Caffee, MW Larsen, J TI Using cosmogenic nuclides to contrast rates of erosion and sediment yield in a semi-arid, arroyo-dominated landscape, Rio Puerco Basin, New Mexico SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantifying Rates and Timescales of Geomorphic Processes CY DEC, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA DE denudation; sediment budget; sediment transport; landscape evolution; geomorphology; land management; fluvial; cosmogenic nuclide ID GREAT-SMOKY MOUNTAINS; SITU-PRODUCED BE-10; UNITED-STATES; DENUDATION RATES; RIVER SEDIMENTS; DRAINAGE BASINS; RECORD; AL-26; SURFACES; DELIVERY AB Analysis of in-situ-produced Be-10 and Al-26 in 52 fluvial sediment samples shows that millennial-scale rates of erosion vary widely (7 to 366 m Ma(-1)) through the lithologically and topographically complex Rio Puerco Basin of northern New Mexico. Using isotopic analysis of both headwater and downstream samples, we determined that the semi-arid, Rio Puerco Basin is eroding, on average, about 100 m Ma(-1). This rapid rate of erosion is consistent with estimates made using other techniques and is likely to result from a combination of easily eroded lithologies, sparse vegetation, and monsoon-dominated rainfall. Data from 331 stream water samples collected by the US Geological Survey between 1960 and 1995 are consistent with basin-wide, average chemical denudation rates of only about 1.4 m Ma(-1); thus, the erosion rates we calculate may be considered rates of sediment generation because physical weathering accounts for almost 99 per cent of mass loss. The isotopic data reveal that sediment is generally well mixed downstream with the area-weighted average sediment generation rate for 16 headwater samples (234 ton km(-2) a(-1) for basin area 170 to 1169 km(2)) matching well that estimated from a single sample collected far downstream (238 ton km(-2) a(-1), basin area = 14 225 km(2)). A series of 15 samples, collected from an arroyo wall and representing deposition through the late Holocene, indicates that Be-10 concentration in sediment delivered by the fluvial system has not changed appreciably over the last 1200 years despite at least two cycles of arroyo cutting and filling. Other samples (n = 21) were collected along the drainage network. Rio Puerco erosion rates scale directly with a variety of metrics describing vegetation, precipitation, and rock erodibility. Using the headwater basins for calibration, the erosion rates for both the downstream samples and also the data set as a whole, are best modelled by considering a combination of relief and vegetation metrics, both of which co-vary with precipitation and erodibility as inferred from lithology. On average, contemporary sediment yields, determined by monitoring suspended-sediment discharge, exceed cosmogenically determined millennial-scale erosion rates by nearly a factor of two. This discrepancy, between short-term rates of sediment yield and long-term rates of erosion, suggests that more sediment is currently being exported from the basin than is being produced. Because the failure of incised channel walls and the head cutting of arroyo complexes appear to be the main sources of channel sediment today, this incongruence between rates of sediment supply and sediment yield is likely to be transitory, reflecting the current status of the arroyo cycle and perhaps the influence of current or past land-use patterns. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Sch Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bierman, PR (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM pbierman@uvm.edu RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 65 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 13 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 935 EP 953 DI 10.1002/esp.1255 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 960KK UT WOS:000231589200003 ER PT J AU Stock, GM Anderson, RS Finkel, RC AF Stock, GM Anderson, RS Finkel, RC TI Rates of erosion and topographic evolution of the Sierra Nevada, California, inferred from cosmogenic Al-26 and Be-10 concentrations SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantifying Rates and Timescales of Geomorphic Processes CY DEC, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA DE cosmogenic nuclides; burial ages; bedrock incision; relief; landscape evolution; Sierra Nevada ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; IN-SITU BE-10; MOUNTAIN-RANGES; PLEISTOCENE INCISION; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION; ALLUVIAL SEDIMENT; RELIEF PRODUCTION; FLUVIAL TERRACES; RIVER SEDIMENTS AB Concentrations of cosmogenic Al-26 and Be-10 in cave sediments and bedrock surfaces, combined with studies of landscape morphology, elucidate the topographic history of the southern Sierra Nevada over the past 5 Ma. Caves dated by Al-26/Be-10 in buried sediments reveal that river incision rates were moderate to slow between c. 5 and 3 Ma (<= 0.07 mm a(-1)), accelerated between 3 and 1.5 Ma (c. 0.3 ram a(-1)), and then have subsequently become much slower (c. 0.02 mm a(-1)). Although the onset of accelerated incision coincides in time with both,postulated Pliocene tectonism and pronounced global climate change, we argue that it primarily represents the response to a discrete tectonic event between 3 and 5 Ma. Dated cave positions reveal that, prior to 3 Ma, river canyons displayed up to 1.6 km of local relief, suggesting that Pliocene rock uplift elevated pre-existing topography. Renewed incision beginning c. 3 Ma deepened canyons by up to 400 m, creating narrow inner gorges. Tributary streams exhibit strong convexities, indicating that the transient erosional response to Pliocene uplift has not yet propagated into upland surfaces. Concentrations of Al-26 and Be-10 in bare bedrock show that upland surfaces are eroding at slow rates of c. 0.01 mm a(-1). Over the past c. 3 Ma, upland surfaces eroded slowly while adjacent rivers incised rapidly, increasing local relief. Although relief production probably drove at least modest crestal uplift, considerable pre-Pliocene relief and low spatially averaged erosion rates suggest that climatically driven rock uplift is not sufficient to explain ail uplift implied by tilted markers at the western edge of the range. Despite the recent pulse of erosion, spatially averaged erosion rates are low, and have probably acted to preserve the broad topographic form of the Sierra Nevada throughout much of the late Cenozoic. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry & Geosci & Envi, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stock, GM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM gstock@umich.edu NR 77 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 985 EP 1006 DI 10.1002/esp.1258 PG 22 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 960KK UT WOS:000231589200006 ER PT J AU Safran, EB Bierman, PR Aalto, R Dunne, T Whipple, KX Caffee, M AF Safran, EB Bierman, PR Aalto, R Dunne, T Whipple, KX Caffee, M TI Erosion rates driven by channel network incision in the Bolivian Andes SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantifying Rates and Timescales of Geomorphic Processes CY DEC, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA DE erosion rates; Bolivia; Andes; cosmogenic radionuclides ID COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; BEDROCK INCISION; RIVER SEDIMENTS; ROCK-UPLIFT; DENUDATION; HIMALAYAS; BE-10; MODELS; RADIONUCLIDES; EQUILIBRIUM AB The Bolivian Andes flank one of Earth's major topographic features and dominate sediment input into the Amazon Basin. Millennial-scale erosion rates and dominant controls on erosion patterns in this range are poorly known. To define these patterns, we present 48 erosion rate estimates, derived from analysis of in situ (10)Be in quartz-bearing alluvium collected from the Upper Beni River basin. Erosion rates, corrected for the non-uniform distribution of quartz in the sample basins, range from 0.04 mm a(-1) to 1.35 mm a(-1) and thus integrate over 10(2)-10(4) years. Mean and modal values are 0.42 (standard deviation: 0.29) and 0.2-0.4 mm a(-1) respectively, within the range of long-term average erosion rates in this area derived from apatite fission track thermochronology (0.1-0.6 mm a(-1)). Hence, our data do not record any significant variation in erosion rate over the last several million years. Mean and modal short-term erosion rates for the Andes are an order of magnitude lower than rates in the Ganges River headwaters in the High Himalaya and an order of magnitude greater than rates typical of the European Alps. In the Upper Beni River region of the Bolivian Andes, short-term, basin-averaged erosion rates correlate with normalized channel steepness index, a metric of relative channel gradient corrected for drainage area. Neither normalized channel steepness index nor basin-averaged erosion rate shows strong correlation with mean basin hillslope gradient or mean basin local relief because many hillslopes in the Upper Beni River region are at threshold values of slope and local relief. Patterns of normalized channel steepness index appear primarily to reflect tectonic patterns and transient adjustment to those patterns by channel networks. Climate and lithology do not appear to exert first-order controls on patterns of basin-averaged erosion rates in the Bolivian Andes. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Lewis & Clark Coll, Environm Studies Program, Portland, OR 97219 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Sch Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Safran, EB (reprint author), Lewis & Clark Coll, Environm Studies Program, 0615 SW Palatine Hill Rd, Portland, OR 97219 USA. EM safran@clark.edu RI Dunne, Thomas/B-6374-2014; Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Dunne, Thomas/0000-0002-5281-6517; Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 61 TC 118 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 18 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1007 EP 1024 DI 10.1002/esp.1259 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 960KK UT WOS:000231589200007 ER PT J AU Ferrier, KL Kirchner, JW Finkel, RC AF Ferrier, KL Kirchner, JW Finkel, RC TI Erosion rates over millennial and decadal timescales at Caspar Creek and Redwood Creek, Northern California Coast Ranges SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantifying Rates and Timescales of Geomorphic Processes CY DEC, 2003 CL San Francisco, CA DE erosion rate; cosmogenic Be-10; Northern California Coast Ranges ID MENDOCINO TRIPLE JUNCTION; SITU-PRODUCED BE-10; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; MARINE TERRACES; ALLUVIAL SEDIMENT; DENUDATION RATES; PUERTO-RICO; AL-26; FOREST; QUARTZ AB Comparing millennial-scale denudation rates from cosmogenic nuclides with decadal-scale sediment yields can shed light on erosional processes and on the effects of land use on sediment delivery to streams. Detailed measurements of sediment fluxes in the Northern California Coast Ranges at Caspar Creek and Redwood Creek have provided estimates of physical erosion rates since 1963 and 1971, respectively. We used cosmogenic Be-10 to measure millennial-scale denudation rates averaged over 1400-8700 years at six catchments in Caspar Creek and four catchments in Redwood Creek. Our Be-10 measurements at Caspar Creek imply denudation rates that are nearly spatially uniform across the entire catchment and average 0.09 +/- 0.02 mm a(-1). These millennial-scale rates implied by cosmogenic Be-10 are faster than physical erosion rates of 0.005 +/- 0.001 rum a(-1) to 0.046 +/- 0.007 mm a(-1) inferred from sediment flux measurements over the past few decades in the same catchments. At Redwood Creek, our cosmogenic Be-10 measurements imply millennial-scale denudation rates that vary across the catchment from 0.14 +/- 0.03 rum a(-1) to 0.44 +/- 0.09 rum a(-1), in contrast to physical erosion rates ranging from 0.038 +/- 0.011 mm a(-1) to 0.48 +/- 0.09 mm a(-1) derived from sediment flux measurements made over the past few decades at the same catchments. The decadal-scale and millennial-scale measurements tend to differ most at the smallest tributaries, but differ by less than a factor of three for the Caspar Creek and Redwood Creek catchments as a whole. These measurements suggest that denudation rates at Caspar Creek are slower than rock uplift rates of 0.3-0.4 mm a(-1), implying that Caspar Creek is not in topographic steady state. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ferrier, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ferrier@eps.berkeley.edu RI Kirchner, James/B-6126-2009 OI Kirchner, James/0000-0001-6577-3619 NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1025 EP 1038 DI 10.1002/esp.1260 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 960KK UT WOS:000231589200008 ER PT J AU Staiger, JKW Gosse, JC Johnson, JV Fastook, J Gray, JT Stockli, DF Stockli, L Finkel, R AF Staiger, JKW Gosse, JC Johnson, JV Fastook, J Gray, JT Stockli, DF Stockli, L Finkel, R TI Quaternary relief generation by polythermal glacier ice SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE glacial erosion; cosmogenic; TCN; Torngat; Labrador; ice sheet model; relief; ice ID CANADIAN LANDFORM EXAMPLES; COSMOGENIC BE-10; ARCTIC CANADA; TORNGAT MOUNTAINS; NORTHERN LABRADOR; PRODUCTION-RATES; NEOGENE UPLIFT; EROSION; SHEET; MAXIMUM AB The juxtaposition of wet-based erosive ice in valleys and cold-based, non-erosive ice atop felsenmeer-covered interfluve plateaus has generated relief in the Torngat Mountains of northeastern Canada. Measurements of in situ terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) concentrations from 31 bedrock sites, coupled with soils and geomorphology, indicate that erosion of the valleys has been > 2 m during a single glacial-interglacial cycle. However, on summit plateaus the long-term (over several glacial-interglacial cycles) erosion rate is < 1(.)4 m Ma(-1). TCN ratios reveal that the exposure plus ice-cover history retained on some summit surfaces probably spans more than 800 ka despite complete ice cover as recently as 11 ka. A thermodynamic ice sheet model with a basal water calculation is used to calculate the sliding distance normalized by the duration of ice cover for the region. We formulate a general glacial erosion rule for the Torngat Mountains, which correlates TCN-derived erosion rates for terrain once partially covered by cold-based ice with modelled average ice basal sliding velocities. Erosion rates vary linearly with average sliding velocity by a glacial erosion coefficient of 5 x 10(-7). Due to the significant distribution of cold-based ice cover in this high latitude region, our estimates of net regional glacial erosion and glacial erosion coefficient are orders of magnitude lower than a previously published value. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. Univ Montana, Dept Comp Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Comp Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Kansas, Dept Geol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Staiger, JKW (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. EM jane.staiger@dal.ca RI Willenbring, Jane/B-6431-2011; Gosse, John/B-4934-2012; OI Willenbring, Jane/0000-0003-2722-9537; Stockli, Daniel/0000-0001-7652-2129 NR 75 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1145 EP 1159 DI 10.1002/esp.1267 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 963DU UT WOS:000231784300005 ER PT J AU Rowland, JC Lepper, K Dietrich, WE Wilson, CJ Sheldon, R AF Rowland, JC Lepper, K Dietrich, WE Wilson, CJ Sheldon, R TI Tie channel sedimentation rates, oxbow formation age and channel migration rate from optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) analysis of floodplain deposits SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE tie channels; optically stimulated luminescence (OSL); single grain laser luminescence (SGLL); batture channels; oxbow lake sedimentation ID DOSE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS; LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; JINMIUM ROCK SHELTER; SINGLE GRAINS; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; FLUVIAL DEPOSITS; QUARTZ; VARIABILITY; ALIQUOTS; STORAGE AB Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) analysis we obtained depositional ages ranging from 25 10 to 928 144 years before present for sediments deposited in oxbow lakes along three lowland river systems. The dated sediments were collected from the banks of tie channels along the Lower Mississippi River, the Fly River in Papua New Guinea, and Birch Creek along the Yukon River in Alaska. Tie channels connect the oxbow lakes to the main stem river and allow the exchange of water and suspended sediment between the two. The banks consist of fine sand and sandy silt beds interlayered with silt and clay. OSL samples were collected both horizontally from exposed banks and vertically by coring through levee crests; sample collection was targeted at beds containing appreciable quantities of fine sand. OSL ages were determined using single-grain or in some cases single-aliquot techniques and dose distribution analysis. Samples were first collected along the Lower Mississippi tie channel to compare OSL dates with historical data sources and test the applicability of OSL in these settings; the OSL dates agreed closely with historical data. In all three river systems, OSL dating allowed the determination of vertical accretion rates, tie channel advancement rates, and oxbow lake ages. In Papua New Guinea, OSL sampling also provides an estimate of lateral migration rates of the Fly River and allows a comparison of modern mine-influenced deposition rates with natural background rates over the last 1000 years. Results from Papua New Guinea and the Mississippi River suggest that the advancement rate of tie channels responds directly to changes in the sediment load of the main stem river. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Opt Dating & Dosimetry Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Environm Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rowland, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rowland@eps.berkeley.edu NR 40 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 24 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1161 EP 1179 DI 10.1002/esp.1268 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 963DU UT WOS:000231784300006 ER PT J AU Mulholland, PJ Houser, JN Maloney, KO AF Mulholland, PJ Houser, JN Maloney, KO TI Stream diurnal dissolved oxygen profiles as indicators of in-stream metabolism and disturbance effects: Fort Benning as a case study SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE stream; diurnal dissolved oxygen; metabolism; indicator; primary productivity; respiration; military ID REAERATION AB We investigated whether two characteristics of stream diurnal dissolved oxygen profiles, the daily amplitude and maximum value of the dissolved oxygen saturation deficit, are useful indicators of stream metabolism and the effects of catchment-scale disturbances. The study was conducted at the U.S. Army's Fort Benning installation where vegetation loss and high rates of erosion from intensely used training areas and unpaved roads have resulted in extensive sedimentation in some streams. Diurnal profiles of dissolved oxygen were measured in 10 second-order streams draining catchments which exhibited a range of disturbance levels. Rates of gross primary production (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (R) per unit surface area were determined for each stream using the single-station diurnal dissolved oxygen change method with direct measurement of air-water oxygen exchange rates. The daily amplitude of the diurnal dissolved oxygen deficit profile was highly correlated with daily rates of GPP, and multiplying the daily amplitude by average stream depth to account for differences in water volume did not improve the correlation. The daily maximum dissolved oxygen deficit was highly correlated with daily rates of R, and multiplying by average stream depth improved the correlation. In general, these indicators of stream metabolism declined sharply with increasing catchment disturbance level, although the indicators of R showed a more consistent relationship with disturbance level than those of GPP. Our results show that the daily amplitude and maximum value of diurnal dissolved oxygen deficit profiles are good indicators of reach-scale rates of metabolism and the effects of catchment-scale disturbance on these metabolism rates. At Fort Benning, and presumably at other military installations, they are useful tools for evaluating trends in impacts from military training or rates of recovery following restoration activities. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Mulholland, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mulhollandpj@ornl.gov RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; OI Houser, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3295-3132 NR 21 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 3 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2005.03.004 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941HA UT WOS:000230204700007 ER PT J AU He, KB Huo, H Zhang, Q He, DQ An, F Wang, M Walsh, MP AF He, KB Huo, H Zhang, Q He, DQ An, F Wang, M Walsh, MP TI Oil consumption and CO2 emissions in China's road transport: current status, future trends, and policy implications SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE China; road transport; oil consumption; fuel economy; CO2; emissions AB With the rapid economic growth in China, the Chinese road transport system is becoming one of the largest and most rapidly growing oil consumers in China. This paper attempts to present the Current status and forecast the future trends of oil demand and CO2 emissions from the Chinese road transport sector and to explore possible policy measures to contain the explosive growth of Chinese transport oil consumption. A bottom-up model was developed to estimate the historical oil consumption and CO2 emissions from China's road transport sector between 1997 and 2002 and to forecast future trends in oil consumption and CO2 emissions up to 2030. To explore the importance of policy options of containing the dramatic growth in Chinese transport oil demand, three scenarios regarding motor vehicle fuel economy improvements were designed in predicting future oil use and CO2 emissions. We conclude that China's road transportation will gradually become the largest oil consumer in China in the next two decades but that improvements in vehicle fuel economy have potentially large oil-saving benefits. In particular, if no control measures are implemented, the annual oil demand by China's road vehicles will reach 363 million tons by 2030. Oil the other hand, under the low-and high-fuel economy improvement scenarios, 55 and 85 million tons of oil will be saved in 2030, respectively. The scenario analysis suggests that China needs to implement vehicle fuel economy improvement measures immediately in order to contain the dramatic growth in transport oil consumption. The imminent implementation is required because (1) China is now in a period of very rapid growth in motor vehicle sales: (2) Chinese vehicles currently in the market are relatively inefficient; and (3) the turnover of a fleet of inefficient motor vehicles will take a long time. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Energy Fdn, Beijing 100004, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP He, KB (reprint author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM hekb@mail.tsinghna.edu.cn RI Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012 NR 25 TC 173 Z9 184 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1499 EP 1507 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.01.007 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 927BT UT WOS:000229168100001 ER PT J AU McWhinney, M Fanara, A Clark, R Hershberg, C Schmeltz, R Roberson, J AF McWhinney, M Fanara, A Clark, R Hershberg, C Schmeltz, R Roberson, J TI ENERGY STAR product specification development framework: using data and analysis to make program decisions SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ENERGY STAR; voluntary program; energy policy AB The Product Development Team (PD) in the US Environmental Protection Agency's ENERGY STAR Labeling Program fuels the long-term market transformation process by delivering new specifications. PD's goal is to expand the reach and visibility of ENERGY STAR as well as the market for new energy-efficient products. As of 2002, PD has launched nine new ENERGY STAR specifications and continues to evaluate new program opportunities. To evaluate the ENERGY STAR potential for a diverse group of products, PD prepared a framework for developing new and updating existing specifications that rationalizes new product opportunities and draws upon the expertise and resources of other stakeholders. Manufacturers and stakeholders have a vested interest in understanding how ENERGY STAR products are selected for labeling. In this article, we explore in depth PD's process and also provide two case studies that illustrate the application of PD's framework. After 3 years of implementation. several lessons learned have emerged. Manufacturers are increasingly inquiring as to why a product is/is not labeled. Careful application of the framework allows PD to justify program decisions. PD increasingly recognizes that each industry has unique market and product characteristics that can require reconciliation with the guidelines of the ENERGY STAR program. Careful application of the framework identifies where reconciliation is needed to preserve the program integrity and justify decisions. Finally, to date, the application of the framework has enabled PD to navigate through complex product issues and make consistent specification development decisions. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. ICF Consulting, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP McWhinney, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS-90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mcmcwhinney@lbl.gov; fanara.andrew@epa.gov; rclark@icfconsulting.com; hershberg.craig@epa.gov; shmeltz.rachel@epa.gov; jaroberson@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1613 EP 1625 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.02.001 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 927BT UT WOS:000229168100009 ER PT J AU Babendreier, JE Castleton, KJ AF Babendreier, JE Castleton, KJ TI Investigating uncertainty and sensitivity in integrated, multimedia environmental models: tools for FRAMES-3MRA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Biennial Meeting of the International-Environmental-Modelling-and-Software-Society (iEMSs) CY JUL, 2002 CL Univ Lugano, Lugano, SWITZERLAND SP Int Environm Modelling & Software Soc HO Univ Lugano DE multimedia model; parallel computing; PC-based supercomputing; uncertainty analysis; sensitivity analysis; benzene disposal; Java ID FRAMEWORK; SYSTEM AB Elucidating uncertainty and sensitivity structures in environmental models can be a difficult task, even for low-order, single-medium constructs driven by a unique set of site-specific data. Quantitative assessment of integrated, multimedia models that simulate hundreds of sites, spanning multiple geographical and ecological regions, will ultimately require a comparative approach using several techniques, coupled with sufficient computational power. The Framework for Risk Analysis in Multimedia Environmental Systems - Multimedia, Multipathway, and Multireceptor Risk Assessment (FRAMES-3MRA) is an important software model being developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for use in risk assessment of hazardous waste management facilities. The 3MRA modeling system includes a set of 17 science modules that collectively simulate release, fate and transport, exposure, and risk associated with hazardous contaminants disposed of in land-based waste management units (WMU). The 3MRA model encompasses 966 multi-dimensional input variables, over 185 of which are explicitly stochastic. Design of SuperMUSE, a 215 GHz PC-based, Windows-based Supercomputer for Model Uncertainty and Sensitivity Evaluation is described. Developed for 3MRA and extendable to other computer models, an accompanying platform-independent, Java-based parallel processing software toolset is also discussed. For 3MRA, comparison of stand-alone PC versus SuperMUSE simulation executions showed a parallel computing overhead of only 0.57 seconds/simulation, a relative cost increase of 0.7% over average model runtime. Parallel computing software tools represent a critical aspect of exploiting the capabilities of such modeling systems. The Java toolset developed here readily handled machine and job management tasks over the Windows cluster, and is currently capable of completing over 3 million 3MRA model simulations per month on SuperMUSE. Preliminary work is reported for an example uncertainty analysis of Benzene disposal that describes the relative importance of various exposure pathways in driving risk levels for ecological receptors and human health. Incorporating landfills, waste piles, aerated tanks, surface impoundments, and land application units, the site-based data used in the analysis included 201 facilities across the United States representing 419 site-WMU combinations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, US Dept Energy, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Babendreier, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM babendreier.justin@epa.gov NR 14 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1043 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.09.013 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 911CD UT WOS:000227978000007 ER PT J AU Jackson, WA Martino, L Hirsh, S Wrobel, J Pardue, JH AF Jackson, WA Martino, L Hirsh, S Wrobel, J Pardue, JH TI Application of a dialysis sampler to monitor phytoremediation processes SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE trichloroethene; poplar; rhizosphere; dialysis sampler; bioremediation; dialysis sampler ID FRACTURED-ROCK AQUIFER; IN-GROUND WATER; PORE-WATER; FIELD; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; EQUILIBRATION; DISCHARGE; SEDIMENTS AB A cylindrical dialysis sampler (1.2 m in length; 5 cm in diameter) was designed and constructed to sample small-scale phytoremediation processes in the root zone of poplar trees. The study site was a 183-tree plantation of hybrid poplars located at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, at the J-Field Area of Concern. The grove was planted in 1996 to intercept a chlorinated solvent plume containing 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA, trichloroethene (TCE) and daughter products. Two dialysis samplers were installed: one directly in the poplar grove (approximately 0.3 m from the trunk of a mature tree) and the other outside of the grove but in the plume. Data collected included concentrations of chlorinated VOCs, organic acids, chloroacetic acids, Cl-, and dissolved gases (ethane, ethene, CH4, CO2). At the control location, the VOC profile was dominated by cis- 1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) and trans-1,2-dichloroethene (trans-1,2-DCE) with concentrations ranging from 0.88-4.5 to 4.4-17.6 mg/L, respectively. Concentrations of VOCs were similar across the vertical profile. At the tree location, 1,1,2,2-TeCA and TCE were the dominant VOCs detected but as opposed to the control location were highly variable within the root zone, with the greatest variability associated with locations in the sampler where roots were observed. This highly variable profile at the tree location is indicative of VOC rhizosphere biodegradation and uptake near the active roots. This variability appears to be on the centimeter scale, emphasizing the importance of these high-resolution samplers for the study of rhizosphere influences. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA. USA Garrison, Directorate Safety Hlth & Environm, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Jackson, WA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM andrew.jackson@coe.ttu.edu RI Jackson, William/B-8999-2009 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 107 IS 1-3 BP 155 EP 171 DI 10.1007/s10661-005-5436-5 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 954NU UT WOS:000231162600010 PM 16418910 ER PT J AU Jackson, BP Williams, PL Lanzirotti, A Bertsch, PM AF Jackson, BP Williams, PL Lanzirotti, A Bertsch, PM TI Evidence for biogenic pyromorphite formation by the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCIBLE TRANSGENIC NEMATODE; CONTAMINATED SITE; END-POINTS; TOXICITY; STRESS; SOIL; SPECIATION; BIOMINERALIZATION; SORPTION; STRAINS AB The determination of chemical speciation and spatial distribution is a prerequisite for a mechanistic understanding of contaminant bioavailability and toxicity to an organism. We have employed synchrotron X-ray techniques to study Cu and Pb speciation and spatial distribution in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematodes were exposed to each metal ion singly or simultaneously in solution for 24 h and were then rinsed thoroughly and preserved in formalin for transportation to the National Synchrotron Light Source. Experiments were conducted at the microprobe beamline X26A employing a focused beam of approximately 10 mu m in diameter. Nematodes were mounted in agar gel on Kapton tape. Two-dimensional elemental maps for Cu- and Pb-exposed nematodes were collected in fluorescence mode. Copper was homogeneously distributed throughout the body of the nematode, but Pb exhibited a high degree of localization in the nematode, exclusively in the anterior pharynx region. Detectable localized concentrations of Pb in C. elegans occurred at aqueous exposure concentrations of 2.4 mu M. Micro X-ray diffraction of these Pb hotspots gave a diffraction pattern indicating a crystalline Pb solid that was consistent with the Pb phosphate, pyromorphite. Biogenic inorganic phosphate granule formation is relatively common in soil invertebrates; however, these phosphates are typically amorphous, and we believe that this is the first report of crystalline pyromorphite formed internally in an organism. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jackson, BP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. EM Jackson@srel.edu NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 15 BP 5620 EP 5625 DI 10.1021/es050154k PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 951HI UT WOS:000230919800026 PM 16124295 ER PT J AU Izquierdo, M Roca, L Avila, J Gu, G Li, ZZ Raffy, H Asensio, MC AF Izquierdo, M Roca, L Avila, J Gu, G Li, ZZ Raffy, H Asensio, MC TI Effects of the doping and the number of planes on the shadow bands of Bi-based cuprates SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; RANGE ANTIFERROMAGNETIC CORRELATIONS; FERMI-SURFACE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+X SUPERCONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; THIN-FILMS; PHASE; METALLICITY; COEXISTENCE AB Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been used to investigate the shadow bands present at the Fermi surface of bismuth based superconductors. Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212) single crystals with different doping levels and Bi2Sr2CuO6+delta (Bi2201) thin films have been studied by means of momentum distribution curves along the Gamma Y high symmetry direction in two different Brillouin zones and for an extensive photon energy range. The results show an enhancement of the shadow band intensity in the second Brillouin zone for photon energies around h nu = 30 eV. Furthermore, the ratio Shadow Bands/Main Band is shown to be constant as a function of both the doping level and the number of CuO2 planes. An interpretation of this observation on the basis of the current theoretical models will be provided. C1 Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91898 Orsay, France. Synchrotron SOLEIL Orme Merisiers, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11975 USA. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Izquierdo, M (reprint author), Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, Bat 209D, F-91898 Orsay, France. EM manuel.izquierdo@synchroton-soleil.fr NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD AUG PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 BP 309 EP 314 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2005-00263-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 966RX UT WOS:000232039900001 ER PT J AU Karsch, F AF Karsch, F TI Deconfinement and quarkonium suppression SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID MAXIMUM-ENTROPY ANALYSIS; GLUON PLASMA; BOUND-STATES; J/PSI SUPPRESSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; POLYAKOV LOOP; LATTICE QCD; COLLISIONS AB Modifications in the production pattern of heavy quark bound states have long been considered to provide sensitive signatures for the thermal properties of dense matter created in heavy ion collisions. The original concept of Matsui and Satz for quarkonium suppression as a signature for deconfinement in heavy ion collisions has been challenged recently through lattice studies of spectral functions, which indicate the persistence of heavy quark bound states at temperatures well above the transition, as well as through the refined analysis of hadronization and recombination models, which take into account the thermal evolution of the medium generated in a heavy ion collision. We will review here recent developments on these topics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM karsch@physik.uni-bielefeld.de NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02192-2 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200007 ER PT J AU Petreczky, P AF Petreczky, P TI Heavy quark potentials and quarkonium binding SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID PSI-SUPPRESSION; POLYAKOV LOOP; GLUON PLASMA; BOUND-STATES; DISSOCIATION AB I review recent progress in studying in-medium modification of inter-quark forces at finite temperature in lattice QCD. Some applications to the problem of quarkonium binding in potential models are also discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Petreczky, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM petreczk@bnl.gov NR 37 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02261-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200009 ER PT J AU Kaczmarek, O Zantow, F AF Kaczmarek, O Zantow, F TI Running coupling of 2-flavor QCD at zero and finite temperature SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun AB We present lattice studies of the running coupling in 2-flavor QCD. The coupling at zero temperature (T = 0) is extracted from Wilson loops while the coupling at finite temperature (T not equal 0) is determined from Polyakov loop correlation functions. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33165 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kaczmarek, O (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33165 Bielefeld, Germany. EM zantow@quark.phy.bnl.gov RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02190-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200010 ER PT J AU Kaczmarek, O Zantow, F AF Kaczmarek, O Zantow, F TI Static quark anti-quark free and internal energy in two-flavor QCD SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID RENORMALIZED POLYAKOV LOOP; PHASE-TRANSITION; GLUON PLASMA; DISSOCIATION AB We study the change in free and internal energy due to the presence of a heavy quark anti-quark pair in a thermal heat bath in QCD with two flavors of staggered quarks at finite temperature. We discuss string breaking below as well as screening above the transition. Similarities and differences to the quenched case are discussed. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kaczmarek, O (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, Postfach 8640, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. EM okacz@physik.uni-bielefeld.de RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02189-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200011 ER PT J AU Petrov, K AF Petrov, K TI Quarkonium correlators and spectral functions at zero and finite temperature from the Fermilab action SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; LATTICE QCD; STATES AB We study charmonium and bottomonium systems at zero and finite temperatures using lattice QCD with the Fermilab action on anisotropic lattices. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM petrov@bnl.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02329-3 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200012 ER PT J AU Digal, S Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Satz, H AF Digal, S Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Satz, H TI Heavy quark interactions in finite temperature QCD SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID LOOP AB We study the free energy of a heavy quark-antiquark pair in a thermal medium. We construct a simple ansatz for the free energy for two quark flavors motivated by the Debye-Huckel theory of screening. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CFIF, Inst Super Tecn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Digal, S (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM digal@tkyntm.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011 NR 9 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 71 EP 75 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02309-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200013 ER PT J AU Mocsy, A Petreczky, P AF Mocsy, A Petreczky, P TI Heavy quarkonia survival in potential model SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID BOUND-STATES AB We investigate the quarkonia correlators in QCD with no light quarks within a potential model with different screened potentials. Our results for the temperature dependence of the charmonium and bottomonium correlators are qualitatively consistent with existing and preliminary lattice results. We identify however, a much richer structure in the correlators than the one seen on the lattice. C1 JW Goethe Univ, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mocsy, A (reprint author), JW Goethe Univ, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, Postfach 11 19 32, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. EM mocsy@th.physics.uni-frankfurt.de NR 18 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02161-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200014 ER PT J AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R TI Open and hidden charm production in dA collisions at RHIC and LHC SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; HADROPRODUCTION; J/PSI AB We discuss aspects of open and hidden charm production in deuterium-nucleus collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. We describe calculations of the total c (c) over bar cross section and the charm quark transverse momentum distributions. We next explain how shadowing and moderate nuclear absorption can explain the PHENIX J/psi dAu/pp ratios and predict the combined effect of shadowing and absorption in 6.2TeV d + Pb collisions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vogt@lbl.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02220-3 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200020 ER PT J AU Tuchin, K AF Tuchin, K TI Open and hidden charm production in pA collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; DENSITY QCD; QUARK; SUPPRESSION; EVOLUTION; J/PSI; FIELD; D+AU AB We discuss the production of charmed mesons and J/Psi in p(d)A collisions at high energies. We argue that when the saturation scale Q(s) characterizing the parton density in a nucleus exceeds the quark mass m, the naive perturbation theory breaks down. Consequently, we calculate the process of heavy quark production in both open and hidden channels in the framework of the parton saturation model ( color glass condensate). We demonstrate that at RHIC such a description is in agreement with experimental data on charm production. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tuchin@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 131 EP 134 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02269-x PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200023 ER PT J AU Fujii, H Gelis, F Venugopalan, R AF Fujii, H Gelis, F Venugopalan, R TI Quark production in high-energy proton-nucleus collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; Q(Q)OVER-BAR BOUND-STATE; PA-COLLISIONS; SMALL-X; SUPPRESSION; FIELD; SCATTERING; DENSITY AB In this note, we discuss the problem of quark-antiquark pair production in the framework of the color glass condensate. The cross-section can be calculated in closed form for the case of proton-nucleus collisions, where the proton can be considered to be a dilute object. We find that k(perpendicular to)-factorization is broken by rescattering effects. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. CEA, DSM, SPhT, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fujii, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Komaba 3-8-1, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02232-y PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200025 ER PT J AU Leitch, MJ AF Leitch, MJ TI Quarkonium production in p-A collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID NUCLEAR-DEPENDENCE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION; J/PSI; PSI'; POLARIZATION AB Quarkonium production provides a sensitive window for the study of the gluon structure of nucleons and its modi. cation in nuclei. It also provides a very important means of studying the hot-dense conditions created in high-energy collisions of heavy nuclei and a critical probe to look for deconfinement in this hot-dense matter. I will review, from an experimental point of view, the physics issues as seen in current experimental results for quarkonium production and try to point out the remaining puzzles and how future measurements, along with more theoretical work, can resolve those puzzles. I will discuss production issues including the predicted, but un-observed, J/psi polarization. Then I will show results from fixed target experiments and discuss cold nuclear matter effects including gluon shadowing, parton energy loss and transverse momentum broadening, and final-state absorption of bound states of heavy quarks (c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar). In addition, I will highlight the importance of understanding all these effects in cold nuclear matter as a baseline for the search for deconfinement. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM leitch@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02214-1 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200027 ER PT J AU Rosati, M AF Rosati, M CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Quarkonium production from d+Au to Au+Au collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; J/PSI SUPPRESSION; CHARMONIUM SUPPRESSION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; SPS; PHENIX; LHC AB The PHENIX experiment measured J/psi production in pp, d+Au and Au+Au reactions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV over a wide range of rapidity and transverse momentum. The nuclear modi. cation factor obtained by comparing the d+Au and pp cross sections as a function of rapidity, is consistent with shadowing of the gluon distribution functions. J/psi production in Au+Au collisions was compared to the production in pp collisions and it was found to be inconsistent with models that predict strong enhancement relative to binary collision scaling. C1 Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. KAERI Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangwon Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys RMKI, KFKI, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN, CNRS, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines, SUBATECH, CNRS, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Rosati, M (reprint author), Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. EM mrosati@iastate.edu RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 173 EP 178 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02325-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200030 ER PT J AU Sanchez, MCD AF Sanchez, MCD CA STAR Collaboration TI Open charm production from d+Au collisions in STAR SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; PHYSICS; PHENIX; TIME AB Charmed hadrons are interesting observables in heavy ion collisions. They are becoming more accessible to experimental scrutiny at RHIC energies due to the increased production cross-section of charm with the larger centre-of-mass energy available at RHIC compared to SPS. One source of interest in charm production is due to the fact that gluon fusion dominates the charm production cross-section at high energy. Hence, a measurement of charm hadrons is directly sensitive to the gluon distributions of the colliding particles. In addition, any measurement of production at RHIC, and more importantly any observed suppression, must be compared to the overall production of pairs. A systematic study of charmed hadrons in all collision systems available at RHIC is therefore an invaluable experimental tool in the characterization of the matter produced at RHIC. In particular, d + Au collisions are a necessary step for the comparison of any possible modification of charm production in Au + Au collisions. We present preliminary results on D meson production from d + Au collisions in STAR at = 200 . C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 210800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mc@bnl.gov RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02304-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200032 ER PT J AU Drapier, O AF Drapier, O CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Heavy flavor production in PHENIX SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; ION COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SINGLE ELECTRONS; CHARM PRODUCTION; AU COLLISIONS; CERN ISR; SPS; SUPPRESSION; MATTER AB The PHENIX experiment at RHIC measured single electron spectra in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, and in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV. In these spectra, electrons from semi-leptonic decays of charmed particles are the dominant contribution after subtraction of all 'photonic' sources ( photon conversions, Dalitz decays, decays of light vector mesons). The p+p open charm production cross-section is found to be in good agreement with pQCD NLO calculations. The shape of the distributions obtained for p+p interactions is compared with those observed for nucleus-nucleus collisions. From p+p to d+Au and Au+Au interactions, open charm production is found to scale with the number of binary collisions N-coll. Au+Au data at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV is compatible with the ISR p+p results scaled by Ncoll. The elliptic flow parameter v(2) of heavy flavor electrons has also been measured, and is found to be non-zero in the intermediate p(T) range. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Lab, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Drapier, O (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM drapier@poly.in2p3.fr RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02307-9 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200034 ER PT J AU Wang, XN AF Wang, XN TI QGP and modified jet fragmentation SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HADRON SPECTRA; QCD; OPACITY; A+A AB Recent progress in the study of jet modification in hot medium and its consequences in high-energy heavy-ion collisions is reviewed. In particular, I will discuss energy loss for propagating heavy quarks and the resulting modified fragmentation function. Medium modification of the parton fragmentation function due to quark recombination is formulated within finite temperature field theory and the implication for the search for a deconfined quark-gluon plasma is also discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xnwang@lbl.gov OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 223 EP 231 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02265-2 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200037 ER PT J AU Majumder, A AF Majumder, A TI Dihadron fragmentation: in vacuum and in matter SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; NUCLEAR ENVIRONMENT; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS AB Two particle correlations within a single jet produced in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off a large nucleus as well as in heavy-ion collisions are explored. These are performed within the framework of the medium modified dihadron fragmentation functions. The modification occurs due to gluon bremsstrahlung induced by multiple scattering. The modified fragmentation functions for dihadrons are found to follow closely that of single hadrons leading to a weak nuclear suppression of their ratios as measured by HERMES in DIS experiments. Meanwhile, a moderate medium enhancement of the near-side correlation of two high p(T) hadrons is found in central heavy-ion collisions, partially due to trigger bias caused by the competition between parton energy loss and the initial Cronin effect. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumder, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM AMajumder@lbl.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02186-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200042 ER PT J AU Gagliardi, CA AF Gagliardi, CA CA STAR Collaboration TI Recent high-PT results from STAR SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; AU+AU COLLISIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; ASYMMETRY; DETECTOR AB The STAR Collaboration has a broad range of recent results on intermediate and high-p(T) phenomena in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 and 62 GeV and in d+Au at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. These include new measurements of spectra, azimuthal anisotropies and di-hadron correlations. The comparison of the 62 and 200 GeV Au+Au results indicates that jet quenching, elliptic flow and di-hadron correlation measurements are very similar at the two energies. Meson-baryon differences that have been seen at intermediate p(T) in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions are also present in 62 GeV Au+Au collisions and in 200 GeV d+Au collisions. Measurements of backward-forward inclusive hadron yield asymmetries and forward-midrapidity di-hadron correlations in d+Au collisions are consistent with the saturation picture. A brief review of these results is presented. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. ASCR, Inst Nucl Phys, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhua 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Nantes, France. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU, HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. RP Gagliardi, CA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cggroup@comp.tamu.edu RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 263 EP 270 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02323-9 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200043 ER PT J AU Cole, B AF Cole, B CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Differential probes of medium-induced energy loss SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID P(T) AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; JET TOMOGRAPHY; SUPPRESSION; A+A AB Results from the PHENIX experiment of measurements of high-p(T) particle production presented at the Hard Probes 2004 Conference are summarized. This paper focuses on a sub-set of the measurements presented at the conference, namely the suppression of pi(0) production at moderate to high p(T) as a function of angle with respect to the collision reaction plane, Delta phi, for different collision centralities. The data are presented in the form of nuclear modi. cation factor as a function of angle with respect to the reaction plane, R-AA(Delta phi). The data are analyzed using empirical estimates of the medium-induced energy loss obtained from the R-AA(Delta phi) values. A geometric analysis is performed with the goal of understanding the simultaneous dependence of R-AA on Delta phi and centrality. We find that the centrality and Delta phi dependence of the pi(0) suppression can be made approximately consistent using an admittedly over-simplistic description of the geometry of the jet propagation in the medium but only if the energy loss is effectively reduced for short parton path lengths in the medium. We find that with a more "canonical" treatment of the quenching geometry, the pi(0) suppression varies more rapidly with Delta phi than would be expected from the centrality dependence of the suppression. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow, Russia. Cyclotron Applicat Lab, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Acceleratror Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFK, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, RMKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggi, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11974 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines, CNRS, IN2P3,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Cole, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cole@nevis.columbia.edu RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02333-7 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200044 ER PT J AU Roland, G Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Hauer, M Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Reed, C Sagerer, J Seals, H Sedykh, I Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B AF Roland, G Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Hauer, M Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Reed, C Sagerer, J Seals, H Sedykh, I Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI High-PT results from PHOBOS SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID HIGH-DENSITY QCD; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HADRON-PRODUCTION; 158A GEV; PLUS AU; PARTON; ENERGY; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPS AB We present results from the PHOBOS experiment on charged hadron production over a large range in p(T), from Data from d+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV are shown. The data indicate that in Au+Au collisions a strongly interacting state of matter is formed, that appears qualitatively different from the system formed in pp or d+Au collisions. The systematics of particle production in d+Au and Au+Au collisions exhibit remarkably simple scaling rules, including an apparent factorization of the energy and centrality dependence over a wide range of collision energies. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. PAN, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rolandg@mit.edu RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; OI Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02246-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200045 ER PT J AU Gaardhoje, JJ Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Gulbrandtsen, K Hagel, K Ito, H Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindal, S Lystad, R Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Renault, G Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS AF Gaardhoje, JJ Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Gulbrandtsen, K Hagel, K Ito, H Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindal, S Lystad, R Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Renault, G Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS CA BRAHMS Collaboration TI The forward high p(T) puzzle SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; LOW-X; LOW Q(2); TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SEMIHARD PROCESSES; CROSS-SECTION; LARGE NUCLEI; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS AB Recent results from BRAHMS show the persistence of high p(T) suppression in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at forward rapidity. These observations have implications for Parton Energy Loss and Color Glass Condensate models. We encourage - and challenge - theorists to develop a unified description of the high pT suppression as it is observed in energetic heavy ion collisions at RHIC across a wide rapidity range. C1 Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, Strasbourg, France. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Smoluchkowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Bergen, Norway. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. RP Gaardhoje, JJ (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM gardhoje@nbi.dk RI Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Samset, Bjorn H./B-9248-2012; OI Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Samset, Bjorn H./0000-0001-8013-1833; Christiansen, Peter/0000-0001-7066-3473; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02306-x PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200046 ER PT J AU Buesching, H AF Buesching, H CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Medium effects on high p(T) particle production measured with the PHENIX experiment SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID ENERGY-LOSS; QCD; COLLISIONS AB Transverse momentum (p(T)) spectra measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au+Au, d+Au and pp collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV are presented. A suppression of the yield of high pT hadrons in central Au+Au collisions by a factor 4 - 5 at p(T) > 5 GeV/ c is found relative to the pp reference scaled by the nuclear overlap function < TAB >. In contrast, direct photons are not suppressed in central Au+Au collisions and no suppression of high pT particles can be seen in d+Au collisions. This leads to the conclusion that the dense medium formed in central Au+Au collisions is responsible for the suppression. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow, Russia. Cyclotron Applicat Lab, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, RMKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurashov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IN2P3, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines, CNRS, IN2P3,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Buesching, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM buschin@bnl.gov RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 303 EP 310 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02324-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200048 ER PT J AU Mischke, A AF Mischke, A CA STAR Collaboration TI Neutral pion production in d-Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID BARREL ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; STAR AB In this paper, preliminary results are presented on high p(T) inclusive neutral pion measurements in d-Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV in the pseudo-rapidity range 0 < n < 1. Photons from the decay pi(0) -> gamma gamma are detected in the Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter of the STAR experiment at RHIC. The analysis of this first BEMC hadron measurement is described in detail. The results are compared to earlier RHIC findings. Furthermore, the obtained pi(0) invariant differential cross sections show good agreement with next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD calculations. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. RP Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM a.mischke@phys.uu.nl RI Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02247-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200049 ER PT J AU Velkovska, J AF Velkovska, J CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Can phi mesons give an answer to the baryon puzzle at RHIC? SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID ELLIPTIC FLOW AB The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has observed a large enhancement of baryon and anti-baryon production at p(T) approximate to 2-5 GeV/c, compared to expectations from jet fragmentation. While a number of theoretical interpretations of the data are available, there is not yet a definitive answer to the "baryon puzzle". We investigate the centrality dependence of phi-meson production at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions with root s(NN) = 200 GeV. Comparison with the proton and anti-proton spectra reveal similar shapes, as expected for soft production described by hydrodynamics. However, the absolute yields show a different centrality dependence. The nuclear modi. cation factors for phi are similar to those of pions, rather than (anti) protons that have similar mass. At intermediate p(T), baryon/meson effects seem to be more important than the mass effects, in support of recombination models. C1 Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Cyclotron Applicat Lab, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, SUBATECH,Ecole Mines Nantes, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Velkovska, J (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. EM julia.velkovska@vanderbilt.edu RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02326-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200050 ER PT J AU Bielcikova, J Agakichiev, G Appelshauser, H Baur, R Braun-Munzinger, P Cherlin, A Drees, A Esumi, SI Filimonov, K Fraenkel, Z Fuchs, C Glassel, P Hering, G Lenkeit, B Marin, A Messer, F Messer, M Milosevic, J Miskowiec, D Nix, O Panebrattsev, Y Petracek, V Pfeiffer, A Rak, J Ravinovich, J Razin, S Rehak, P Sako, H Saveljic, N Schmitz, W Shimansky, S Socol, E Specht, HJ Stachel, J Tilsner, H Tserruya, I Voigt, C Voloshin, S Weber, C Wessels, JP Wurm, JP Yurevich, V AF Bielcikova, J Agakichiev, G Appelshauser, H Baur, R Braun-Munzinger, P Cherlin, A Drees, A Esumi, SI Filimonov, K Fraenkel, Z Fuchs, C Glassel, P Hering, G Lenkeit, B Marin, A Messer, F Messer, M Milosevic, J Miskowiec, D Nix, O Panebrattsev, Y Petracek, V Pfeiffer, A Rak, J Ravinovich, J Razin, S Rehak, P Sako, H Saveljic, N Schmitz, W Shimansky, S Socol, E Specht, HJ Stachel, J Tilsner, H Tserruya, I Voigt, C Voloshin, S Weber, C Wessels, JP Wurm, JP Yurevich, V CA CERES NA45 Collaborat TI Semihard scattering unraveled from collective flow at the SPS SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID JET FRAGMENTATION; ELLIPTIC FLOW; COLLISIONS; ENERGY AB A study of elliptic flow and two-particle azimuthal correlations of charged particles (0.5 < pT < 2.5 GeV/ c) and high-p(T) pions (1.2 < p(T) < 3.5 GeV/c) in Pb+Au collisions at 158A GeV/ c, close to midrapidity, is presented. Elliptic flow (v(2)) rises linearly with pT to a value of about 10% at 2 GeV/ c. Beyond p(T) approximate to 1.5 GeV/c, the slope decreases and possibly indicates a v(2) saturation at high pT. Two-pion azimuthal anisotropies for p(T) > 1.2 GeV/ c exceed the v(2) values by about 60% in semicentral collisions. This non-flow component is attributed to near-side and away-side jetlike correlations. While the near-side peak remains constant with centrality 0.23 +/- 0.03 rad, as expected for fragmentation, the away-side peak experiences broadening and disappears in central collisions. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Lab High Energy, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69229 Heidelberg, Germany. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 11974 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bielcikova, J (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208120, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM jana.bielcikova@yale.edu RI Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02320-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200051 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, MJ AF Tannenbaum, MJ TI Hard scattering and jets: from pp collisions in the 1970's to Au+Aucollisions at RHIC SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; HIGH-PT PROCESSES; CERN-ISR; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; INCLUSIVE PROCESSES; PARTICLES; EVENTS; PI AB Hard scattering in pp collisions, discovered at the CERN ISR in 1972 by the method of leading particles, proved that the partons of Deeply Inelastic Scattering strongly interacted with each other. Further ISR measurements utilizing inclusive single or pairs of hadrons established that high p(T) particles are produced from states with two roughly back-to-back jets which are the result of scattering of constituents of the nucleons as described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), which was developed during the course of these measurements. These techniques, which are the only practical method to study hard-scattering and jet phenomena in Au+Au central collisions at RHIC energies, are reviewed, with application to present RHIC measurements. C1 510c Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tannenbaum, MJ (reprint author), 510c Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mjt@bnl.gov OI Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314 NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02213-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200052 ER PT J AU Venugopalan, R AF Venugopalan, R TI The color glass condensate: an overview SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTION; ENERGY PA-COLLISIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; SMALL-X; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; SEMIHARD PROCESSES; FLAVOR PRODUCTION AB The color glass condensate is a theory of the dynamical properties of partons in the Regge limit of QCD: x(Bj) -> 0, Q(2) >> 2 Lambda(QCD)(2) = fixed and the center of mass energy squared s -> infinity. We provide a brief introduction to the theoretical ideas underlying the color glass condensate and discuss the application of these ideas to high energy scattering in QCD. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Venugopalan, R (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, Luruper Chaussee 49, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM raju@bnl.gov NR 111 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 337 EP 344 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02180-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200054 ER PT J AU Ozawa, K AF Ozawa, K CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Low mass dilepton production at RHIC energies SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID COLLISIONS AB Recent results on low mass dilepton measurements from the PHENIX experiment are reported. Invariant mass spectra of phi -> e(+)e(-) are measured for the first time in Au-Au collisions at root sNN = 200 GeV in Run2. In d-Au collisions, the yields and M-T slopes of both phi -> e(+)e(-) and phi -> K+K- are measured. Both results are consistent with each other within errors. In the future, a Hadron Blind Detector will be installed in PHENIX which will enhance our capabilities of rejecting external photon conversions and Dalitz pairs, that will result in a significant reduction of the large combinatorial background. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapina, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. High Energy Accelarator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, KFKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook Univ, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. RP Ozawa, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ozawa@cns.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02212-3 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200067 ER PT J AU Bland, LC Bieser, F Brown, RL Crawford, HJ Derevshchikov, AA Drachenberg, JL Engelage, J Eun, L Gagliardi, CA Heppelmann, S Judd, EG Kravtsov, VI Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Morozov, DA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Ogawa, A Perkins, C Rakness, G Shestermanov, KE Vasiliev, AN AF Bland, LC Bieser, F Brown, RL Crawford, HJ Derevshchikov, AA Drachenberg, JL Engelage, J Eun, L Gagliardi, CA Heppelmann, S Judd, EG Kravtsov, VI Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Morozov, DA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Ogawa, A Perkins, C Rakness, G Shestermanov, KE Vasiliev, AN TI Future of low-x forward physics at RHIC SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID SINGLE-SPIN ASYMMETRY; INELASTIC EP SCATTERING; POLARIZED PROTON-BEAM; HIGH CHI-F; ANALYZING-POWER; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PERTURBATION-THEORY AB Comparisons of particle production from high-energy ion collisions with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations show good agreement down to moderate transverse momentum values. Distributions of azimuthal angle differences between coincident hadrons in these collisions support a partonic origin to the particle production, again down to moderate transverse momentum values. The rapidity dependence of inclusive and coincident particle production can therefore be used to probe parton distribution functions down to small momentum fractions where theory anticipates that parton saturation could be present. This paper describes how such experiments could be completed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Bland, LC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM bland@bnl.gov NR 81 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 427 EP 435 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02334-6 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200068 ER PT J AU Jacobs, P AF Jacobs, P TI Jets in nuclear collisions: status and perspective SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID ENERGY-LOSS; QCD AB I review the status and future directions of jet-related measurements in high energy nuclear collisions and their application as a probe of QCD matter. C1 CERN, EP Div, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jacobs, P (reprint author), CERN, EP Div, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM pmjacobs@lbl.gov NR 65 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02231-0 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200073 ER PT J AU Kharzeev, D AF Kharzeev, D TI Theoretical summary SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hard Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions CY NOV 04-10, 2004 CL Ericeira, PORTUGAL SP Camara Municipal Mafra, Ctr Fis Teorica Particulas, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, CERN, Fund Calouste Gulbenkian, Fund Para Cienc Tecnol, Fund Luso-Amer Desenvolvimento, Inst Franco Portugais, Inst Super Tecn, Junta Fregues Ericeira, PT Commun ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; J/PSI SUPPRESSION; HADRONIC MATTER; LARGE NUCLEI; QUARK; COLLISIONS; PLASMA; QCD AB This is an attempt to summarize the theoretical talks given at the First International Conference "Hard Probes '05", dedicated to the study of the properties of quark-gluon matter and its diagnostics with the hard processes. This talk covers the following topics: the structure of quark-gluon matter at finite temperature; the theory of nuclear wave functions at small Bjorken variable x; the propagation of jets, heavy quarkonia and heavy quarks through the dense QCD matter. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kharzeev, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kharzeev@bnl.gov NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 475 EP 481 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02330-x PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955IS UT WOS:000231220200074 ER PT J AU Dabkowska, I Rak, J Gutowski, M AF Dabkowska, I Rak, J Gutowski, M TI DNA strand breaks induced by concerted interaction of H radicals and low-energy electrons - A computational study on the nucleotide of cytosine SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; EXCESS ELECTRON; DAMAGE; URACIL; BASES; FRAGMENTATION; AFFINITIES; ATTACHMENT; TAUTOMERS; RADIATION AB We propose a mechanism of DNA single strand breaks induced by low-energy electrons. Density functional theory calculations have been performed on a neutral, hydrogenated, and/or negatively charged nucleotide of cytosine in the gas phase to identify barriers for the phosphate-sugar O-C bond cleavage. Attachment of the first excess electron induces intermolecular proton transfer to cytosine. The resulting neutral radical of hydrogenated cytosine binds another excess electron, and the excess charge is localized primarily on the C6 atom. A barrier encountered for proton transfer from the C2' atom of the adjacent sugar unit to the C6 atom of cytosine is 3.6 and 5.0 kcal/mol, based on the MPW1K and B3LYP electronic energies corrected for zero-point vibrations, respectively. The proton transfer is followed by a barrier-free sugar-phosphate C-O bond cleavage. The proton transfer is impossible for the neutral nucleotide, as there is no local minimum for the product. In the case of anionic and hydrogenated nucleotides the same barrier determined at the B3LYP level is as large as 29.3 and 22.4 kcal/mol respectively. This illustrates that the consecutive hydrogenation and electron attachment make the nucleotide of cytosine susceptible to a strand break. The rate of the C-O bond cleavage in the anion of hydrogenated nucleotide of cytosine is estimated to be ca. 10(10) s(-1). The proposed mechanism proceeds through bound anionic states, not through metastable states with finite lifetimes and discrete energy positions with respect to the neutral target. The results suggest that at least for DNA without hydration even very low-energy electrons may cleave the DNA backbone. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM maciej.gutowski@pnl.gov NR 44 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 EI 1434-6079 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD AUG PY 2005 VL 35 IS 2 BP 429 EP 435 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2005-00218-2 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 963MD UT WOS:000231807500030 ER PT J AU Travesset, A AF Travesset, A TI Salty solutions near a charged modulated interface SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS SURFACTANT MIXTURES; ADSORPTION; EQUILIBRIUM; COUNTERIONS; PREDICTION; PRESSURE; TENSION AB Charged monolayers at a liquid-vapor interface may be found in a crystalline state, resulting in a surface density of charge that displays periodic modulations. In this paper we discuss how these modulations affect different thermodynamical and mechanical properties (compared with the equivalent uniform charge density) of a system consisting of the charged monolayer and a bulk solution including a finite concentration of counter-ions and co-ions. It is shown that very accurate results for low and moderate salt concentrations are possible within an expansion in the Fourier modes of the modulations, the Weak Amplitude Perturbation (WAP), if the finite size of the ions are included as a Stern layer. We conclude by discussing the implications and the relevance of these results for both theoretical studies and experiments. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM trvsst@ameslab.gov NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1292-8941 EI 1292-895X J9 EUR PHYS J E JI Eur. Phys. J. E PD AUG PY 2005 VL 17 IS 4 BP 435 EP 446 DI 10.1140/epje/i2005-10021-y PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 966NL UT WOS:000232026600006 PM 16132154 ER PT J AU Wang, WH Utsumi, W Wang, XL AF Wang, WH Utsumi, W Wang, XL TI Pressure-temperature-time-transition diagram in a strong metallic supercooled liquid SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ZR41.2TI13.8CU12.5NI10.0BE22.5 ALLOY; GLASS; KINETICS; CRYSTALLIZATION; NUCLEATION; RELAXATION; DIFFUSION; GROWTH AB The crystallization kinetics and nucleation mechanism of a bulk metallic glass-forming alloy Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 (vit4) in the entire supercooled liquid region (SLR) is investigated using in situ high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation, which allows us for the first time to simultaneously determine the crystallization kinetics and phase evolution of a metallic liquid as a function of time under high pressure. The results are summarized in a pressure-time -temperature-transformation ( PTTT) diagram with two time scales. The results suggest that the dominant crystallization mechanism of the BMG is growth-controlled. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, SPring 8, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Wang, WH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. EM whw@aphy.iphy.ac.cn RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 BP 611 EP 617 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10124-1 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953VK UT WOS:000231109000015 ER PT J AU Horsell, DW Savchenko, AK Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, VM Ritchie, DA AF Horsell, DW Savchenko, AK Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, VM Ritchie, DA TI Spontaneous current generation in gated nanostructures SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUCTUATIONS; CONDUCTANCE; SYSTEM AB We have observed an unusual dc current spontaneously generated in the conducting channel of a short-gated GaAs transistor. The magnitude and direction of this current critically depend upon the voltage applied to the gate. We propose that it is initiated by the injection of hot electrons from the gate that relax via phonon emission. The phonons then excite secondary electrons from asymmetrically distributed impurities in the channel, which leads to the observed current. C1 Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Horsell, DW (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Kozub, Veniamin/E-4017-2014 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 BP 658 EP 664 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10115-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953VK UT WOS:000231109000022 ER PT J AU Oren, A Larimer, F Richardson, P Lapidus, A Csonka, LN AF Oren, A Larimer, F Richardson, P Lapidus, A Csonka, LN TI How to be moderately halophilic with broad salt tolerance: clues from the genome of Chromohalobacter salexigens SO EXTREMOPHILES LA English DT Article DE Chromohalobacter salexigens; halophilic; genome sequence; periplasmic binding proteins; isoelectric point ID AMINO-ACID USAGE; HALOMONAS-ELONGATA; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; BACTERIUM; ARCHAEBACTERIAL; EUBACTERIA; ENZYMES; ECTOINE; GENES AB We analyzed the amino acid composition of different categories of proteins of the moderately halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens, as deduced from its genome sequence. Comparison with non-halophilic representatives of the gamma-Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae) shows only a slight excess of acidic residues in the cytoplasmic proteins, and no significant differences were found in the acidity of membrane-bound proteins. In contrast, a very pronounced difference in mean pI value was observed for the periplasmic binding proteins of the ABC transport systems of C. salexigens and the non-halophiles E. coli and P. aeruginosa. V. cholerae, which is adapted to life in brackish water, showed intermediate values. The findings suggest that there is a major difference between the proteins of the moderate halophile C. salexigens and non-halophilic bacteria in their periplasmic proteins, exemplified by the substrate binding proteins of transport systems. The highly acidic nature of these proteins may enable them to function at high salt concentrations. The evolution of highly salt-tolerant prokaryotes may have depended on an increase in acidity of the proteins located external to the cytoplasmic membrane, enabling effective transport of nutrients into the cell. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Moshe Shilo Minerva Ctr Marine Biogeochem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Oren, A (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM orena@shum.cc.huji.ac.il RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731 NR 32 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 3-3-13, HONGO, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN SN 1431-0651 J9 EXTREMOPHILES JI Extremophiles PD AUG PY 2005 VL 9 IS 4 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s00792-005-0442-7 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 952QO UT WOS:000231020800002 PM 15902510 ER PT J AU Fields, MW Yan, TF Rhee, SK Carroll, SL Jardine, PM Watson, DB Criddle, CS Zhou, JZ AF Fields, MW Yan, TF Rhee, SK Carroll, SL Jardine, PM Watson, DB Criddle, CS Zhou, JZ TI Impacts on microbial communities and cultivable isolates from groundwater contaminated with high levels of nitric acid-uranium waste SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microbial community; SSU rRNA gene; uranium; nitrate; groundwater ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; SOILS; SEDIMENTS; RECOVERY; AQUIFER; NITRATE; CLONING; SAMPLES AB Microbial communities were characterized at contaminated sites that had elevated levels of nitrate, nickel, aluminum, and uranium (up to 690 mM, 310 mu M, 42 mM, and 30 mu M, respectively). The bacterial community structure based upon clonal libraries of the SSU rRNA genes (screened clones = 876) was diverse at the background site, but the three acidic samples had decreased diversity and the majority of clones were closely related to Azoarcus and Pseudomonas species. Arthrobacter and Novosphingobium sequences were recovered from the background samples but not the acidic sites, and similar pseudomonad populations were present at the background and acidic sites albeit at different relative abundances. Heterologous sequence coverage analyses indicated the microbial communities at the contaminated sites were very similar (p = 0.001) but different from the background site. Bacterial isolates (n = 67) classified as beta-or gamma-Proteobacteria, high G+C Gram-positive or low G+C Gram-positive were obtained from the background and one contaminated sample, and some of the isolates had less than 95% sequence identity with previously observed microorganisms. Despite variations in nitrate and heavy metal levels and different proximities to the source ponds, the three acidic samples had similar microbial populations. However, the least contaminated site (lowest nitrate and aluminum) had increased diversity compared to the other acidic samples. The results suggested that the combined contamination has decreased the microbial diversity, and Azoarcus populations were observed at a drastically increased frequency compared to the background site that had a more even distribution of multiple taxa. (c) 2005 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Fields, MW (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pearson Hall,Room 32, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM fieldsmw@muohio.edu RI Watson, David/C-3256-2016 OI Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136 NR 31 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0168-6496 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 53 IS 3 BP 417 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.femsec.2005.01.010 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 950ML UT WOS:000230861300009 PM 16329960 ER PT J AU Brown, JH West, GB Enquist, BJ AF Brown, JH West, GB Enquist, BJ TI Yes, West, Brown and Enquist's model of allometric scaling is both mathematically correct and biologically relevant SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC THEORY; GENERAL-MODEL; ECOLOGY; BIOLOGY C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM jhbrown@unm.edu OI Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096 NR 17 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 735 EP 738 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01022.x PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 957TX UT WOS:000231397300023 ER PT J AU Song, HY Nie, MH Qiao, F Bowie, JU Courey, AJ AF Song, HY Nie, MH Qiao, F Bowie, JU Courey, AJ TI Antagonistic regulation of Yan nuclear export by Mae and Crm1 may increase the stringency of the Ras response SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Yan; Mae; Crm1; SAM domain; Ras; nuclear export ID ETS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; DROSOPHILA EYE; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; DIFFERENTIATION; TRANSPORT; GENE AB Phosphorylation of Yan, a major target of Ras signaling, leads to Crm1-dependent Yan nuclear export, a response that is regulated by Yan polymerization. Yan SAM (sterile a motif) domain mutations preventing polymerization result in Ras-independent, but Crm1-dependent Yan nuclear export, suggesting that polymerization prevents Yan export. Mae, which depolymerizes Yan, competes with Crm1 for binding to Yan. Phosphorylation of Yan favors Crm1 in this competition and counteracts inhibition of nuclear export by Mae. These findings suggest that, prior to Ras activation, the Mae/Yan interaction blocks premature nuclear export of Yan monomers. After activation, transcriptional up-regulation of Mae apparently leads to complete depolymerization and export of Yan. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Courey, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM courey@chem.ucla.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA081000]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM63596, R01 GM044522, R01 GM063596, R01 GM44522] NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 15 BP 1767 EP 1772 DI 10.1101/gad.1327405 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 953IO UT WOS:000231070000006 PM 16027171 ER PT J AU Boily, JF Seward, TM AF Boily, JF Seward, TM TI Palladium(II) chloride complexation: Spectrophotometric investigation in aqueous solutions from 5 to 125 degrees C and theoretical insight into Pd-Cl and Pd-OH2 interactions SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review ID ELECTRON LOCALIZATION FUNCTION; PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS; HYDROTHERMAL SOLUTIONS; TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIES; INSTABILITY CONSTANTS; STABILITY-CONSTANTS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY AB Monomeric palladium(II) chlorct aqua complexes of the form PdCr(H2O)(4-r)(2-r) (r = [0,4]) were studied both experimentally and theoretically to gain insight on both the stabilities and the nature of palladium-chloride interactions. The thermodynamic stabilities of these complexes were studied in aqueous solutions from 5 to 125 degrees C with UV-vis spectrophotometry using a quartz flow-through cell. Tentative measurements up to 200 degrees C were also carried out in pressurised titanium and gold-lined optical cells but revealed important losses in soluble palladium. The strong ligand-to-metal charge transfer bands of the palladium complexes below 350 run were used to constrain the stepwise thermodynamic formation constants at each temperature, using results of singular value decompositions of the spectra over a broad range of palladium:chloride ratios and wavelengths. The temperature-dependent constants were used to obtain changes in enthalpy and in entropy for each reaction. The thermodynamic stabilities of PdCl(H2O)(3)(+), PdCl2(H2O)(2)(0), and PdCl3(H2O)(-) are larger at higher temperatures, whilst the one of PdCl42- is smaller. All changes in entropies are positive for the former three species, but negative for the latter, presumably due to a larger solvent reorganisation around the doubly charged PdCl42- species. The room temperature thermodynamic values derived from this study are also in agreement with previously published calorimetric data. Theoretical calculations on the intramolecular distributions of electrons in the different palladium(II) chloro aqua complexes, using the methods of atoms in molecules and of the electron localisation function, showed Pd-Cl and Pd-OH2 interactions to be of largely closed-shell/ionic nature. These interactions induce an important distortion of the outer core shell electrons of Pd, as well as stable accumulations of electrons between adjacent Pd-Cl and Pd-OH2 bonds known as ligand opposed core charge concentrations. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mineral & Petrol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Boily, JF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM boily@pnl.gov RI Seward, Terry/F-1103-2011 NR 107 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 15 BP 3773 EP 3789 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.015 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 950PW UT WOS:000230870500005 ER PT J AU Valentine, GA Krier, D Perry, FV Heiken, G AF Valentine, GA Krier, D Perry, FV Heiken, G TI Scoria cone construction mechanisms, lathrop wells volcano, southern Nevada, USA SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scoria cone; Strombolian; fallout; basalt ID CINDER CONES; CRATER FLAT; ERUPTIONS; HAWAIITE; GROWTH AB Scoria cones are commonly assumed to have been constructed by the accumulation of ballistically ejected clasts from discrete, relatively coarse-grained Strombollian bursts and subsequent avalanching such that the cone slopes are at or near the angle of repose for loose scoria. The cone at the hawaiitic Lathrop Wells volcano, southern Nevada, contains deposits that are consistent with these processes during early cone-building phases; these early deposits are composed mainly of coarse lapilli and fluidal bombs and are partially welded, indicating relatively little cooling during flight. However, the bulk of the cone is composed of relatively fine-grained (ash and lapilli) planar beds with no welding, even within a few tens of meters of the vent. This facies is consistent with deposition by direct fallout from sustained eruption columns of relatively well-fragmented material, primarily mantling cone slopes and with a lesser degree of avalanching than is commonly assumed. A laterally extensive fallout deposit (as much as 20 km from the vent) is inferred to have formed contemporaneously with these later cone deposits. This additional mechanism for construction of scoria cones may also be important at other locations, particularly where the magmas are relatively high in volatile content and where conditions promote the formation of abundant microllites in the rising malic magma. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Valentine, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gav@lanl.gov NR 26 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 9 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 8 BP 629 EP 632 DI 10.1130/G21459 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 949IU UT WOS:000230779400004 ER PT J AU Pang, ZH Truesdell, AH AF Pang, ZH Truesdell, AH TI Preface to the set of papers on "Isotope and hydrochemical techniques applied to geothermal systems" SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. IAEA, Isotope Hydrol Sect, Vienna, Austria. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pang, ZH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, POB 9825, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM z.pang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn; ahtruesdell@comcast.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD AUG PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 440 EP 441 DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2005.06.003 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA 956MJ UT WOS:000231303700003 ER PT J AU Teh, YA Silver, WL Conrad, ME AF Teh, YA Silver, WL Conrad, ME TI Oxygen effects on methane production and oxidation in humid tropical forest soils SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; (13)C; isotope mass balance models; methane emissions; soil oxygen dynamics ID CARBON-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CONTROLS; ORGANIC-CARBON; STABLE CARBON; CO2 REDUCTION; RICE PADDIES; EMISSIONS; METHANOGENESIS; GAS; CH4 AB We investigated the effects of oxygen (O(2)) concentration on methane (CH(4)) production and oxidation in two humid tropical forests that differ in long-term, time-averaged soil O(2) concentrations. We identified sources and sinks of CH(4) through the analysis of soil gas concentrations, surface emissions, and carbon isotope measurements. Isotope mass balance models were used to calculate the fraction of CH(4) oxidized in situ. Complementary laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of O(2) concentration on gross and net rates of methanogenesis. Field and laboratory experiments indicated that high levels of CH(4) production occurred in soils that contained between 9 +/- 1.1% and 19 +/- 0.2% O(2). For example, we observed CH(4) concentrations in excess of 3% in soils with 9 +/- 1.1% O(2). CH(4) emissions from the lower O(2) sites were high (22-101 nmol CH(4) m(-2) s(-1)), and were equal in magnitude to CH(4) emissions from natural wetlands. During peak periods of CH(4) efflux, carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions became enriched in (13)C because of high methanogenic activity. Gross CH(4) production was probably greater than flux measurements indicated, as isotope mass balance calculations suggested that 48-78% of the CH(4) produced was oxidized prior to atmospheric egress. O(2) availability influenced CH(4) oxidation more strongly than methanogenesis. Gross CH(4) production was relatively insensitive to O(2) concentrations in laboratory experiments. In contrast, methanotrophic bacteria oxidized a greater fraction of total CH(4) production with increasing O(2) concentration, shifting the delta(13)C composition of CH(4) to values that were more positive. Isotopic measurements suggested that CO(2) was an important source of carbon for methanogenesis in humid forests. The delta(13)C value of methanogenesis was between -84 parts per thousand and -98 parts per thousand, which is well within the range of CH(4) produced from CO(2) reduction, and considerably more depleted in (13)C than CH(4) formed from acetate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Dept Environm Sci, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Teh, YA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Dept Environm Sci, Ecosyst Sci Div, 07 McCone Hall,137 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yit@nature.berkeley.edu RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; Silver, Whendee/H-1118-2012; Teh, Yit Arn/K-3812-2013 OI Teh, Yit Arn/0000-0001-7976-6794 NR 64 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1283 EP 1297 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00983.x PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 948OW UT WOS:000230726600008 ER PT J AU Chen, SY Moeller, DW Dornsife, WP Meyer, HR LaMastra, A Lubenau, JO Strom, DJ Yusko, JG AF Chen, SY Moeller, DW Dornsife, WP Meyer, HR LaMastra, A Lubenau, JO Strom, DJ Yusko, JG TI Toward the framework and implementation for clearance of materials from regulated facilities SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE waste disposal; regulations; radioactive materials; quality assurance AB The disposition of solid materials from nuclear facilities has been a subject of public debate for several decades. The primary concern has been the potential health effects resulting from exposure to residual radioactive materials to be released for unrestricted use. These debates have intensified in the last decade as many regulated facilities are seeking viable management decisions on the disposition of the large amounts of materials potentially containing very low levels of residual radioactivity. Such facilities include the nuclear weapons complex sites managed by the U.S. Department of Energy, commercial power plants licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and other materials licensees regulated by the NRC or the Agreement States. Other facilities that generate radioactive material containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) or technologically enhanced NORM (TENORM) are also seeking to dispose of similar materials that may be radioactively contaminated. In contrast to the facilities operated by the DOE and the nuclear power plants licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NORM and TENORM facilities are regulated by the individual states. Current federal laws and regulations do not specify criteria for releasing these materials that may contain residual radioactivity of either man-made or natural origin from regulatory controls. In fact, the current regulatory scheme offers no explicit provision to permit materials being released as "non-radioactive," including those that are essentially free of contamination. The only method used to date with limited success has been case-by-case evaluation and approval. In addition, there is a poorly defined and inconsistent regulatory framework for regulating NORM and TENORM. Some years ago, the International Atomic Energy Agency introduced the concept of clearance, that is, controlling releases of any such materials within the regulatory domain. This paper aims to clarify clearance as an important disposition option for solid materials, establish the framework and basis of release, and discuss resolutions regarding the implementation of such a disposition option. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Dade Moeller & Associates Inc, New Bern, NC 28562 USA. Waste Control Specialists, LLC, Harrisburg, PA 17112 USA. Shepherd Miller Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. Hlth Phys Associates, Lenhartsville, PA 19534 USA. Monterey Inst Int Studies, Ctr Nonproliferat Studies, Lititz, PA 17543 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Penn Dept Environm Protect, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sychen@anl.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 89 IS 2 BP 115 EP 126 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000156953.75493.db PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 946OV UT WOS:000230582700001 PM 16010122 ER PT J AU Gwo, JP Jardine, PM Sanford, W AF Gwo, JP Jardine, PM Sanford, W TI Effect of advective mass transfer on field scale fluid and solute movement: Field and modeling studies at a waste disposal site in fractured rock at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE groundwater flow; hydraulic properties; mass transfer; numerical modeling; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Tennessee; USA ID STRUCTURED POROUS-MEDIA; MATRIX DIFFUSION; CRYSTALLINE ROCK; TRANSPORT; FLOW; SOIL; NONEQUILIBRIUM; TRACERS; WATER AB Advective mass transfer is a pore scale mass-transfer process that affects fluid and solute movement between pore domains such as fracture and matrix in a structured porous medium. Mechanistically similar to advection in the advection-dispersion of solutes in non-structured porous medium, it redistributes solutes by moving solute and solvent simultaneously between pore domains. While there is much research on diffusive mass transfer that is often referred to as matrix diffusion, there is a lack of information and study for advective mass transfer in the literature. The objective of this research is to study the effects of advective mass transfer on fluid and solute movement between pore domains. First, field hydraulic measurements at a waste disposal site in fractured rock at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Tennessee, USA, are used to calibrate a fracture-matrix, two-pore-domain groundwater flow model. Latin-hypercube sensitivity analysis suggests that the uncertainty of the calibrated model parameters is small and the calibrated flow model is nearly the optimal. Fracture spacing thus obtained is used to calculate diffusive mass transfer coefficients. The individual effects of advective and diffusive mass transfer on solute movement are then quantitatively evaluated. The calculations indicate that pore structure conceptual models may significantly affect the role of advective mass transfer in field and pore-scale mass transfer. In the particular ORNL field site and with a fracture-matrix pore structure model, contribution of advective mass transfer to solute mass movement is about three to eight orders of magnitude smaller than that of diffusive mass transfer. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Colorado State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Gwo, JP (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM jgwo@umbc.edu RI Sanford, William/F-7380-2016 OI Sanford, William/0000-0001-9085-1367 NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 13 IS 4 BP 565 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s10040-004-0367-8 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 960ZI UT WOS:000231631300004 ER PT J AU Zheng, X Veeraraghavan, M Rao, NSV Wu, QS Zhu, MX AF Zheng, X Veeraraghavan, M Rao, NSV Wu, QS Zhu, MX TI Cheetah: Circuit-switched high-speed end-to-end transport architecture testbed SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB We propose a circuit-switched high-speed end-to-end transport architecture (CHEETAH) as a networking solution to provide high-speed end-to-end circuit connectivity to end hosts on a dynamic call-by-call basis. Not only is it envisioned as a complementary service to the basic connectionless service provided by today's Internet; it also relies on and leverages the presence of this service. Noting the dominance of Ethernet in LANs and SONET/SDH in WANs, CHEETAH circuits will consist of Ethernet segments at the ends and Ethernet-over-SONET segments in the wide area. In this article we explain the CHEETAH concept and describe a wide-area experimental network testbed we have deployed based on this concept. The network testbed currently extends between Raleigh, North Carolina, Atlanta, Georgia, and Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and uses off-the-shelf switches. We have created CHEETAH software to run on end hosts to enable automated use of this network by applications. Our first users of this network testbed and software will be the Terascale Supernova Initiative (TSI) project researchers, who plan to use this network for large file transfers and remote visualizations. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zheng, X (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM xz3y@virginia.edu; mv@cs.virginia.edu; raons@ornl.gov; wuqn@orni.gov; mzhu@bit.csc.lsu.edu OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0163-6804 J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG JI IEEE Commun. Mag. PD AUG PY 2005 SU S BP S11 EP S17 DI 10.1109/MCOM.2005.1497551 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 953JN UT WOS:000231072600003 ER PT J AU Vig, J Sedlacek, AJ Heijne, EHM Swager, T Hunt, WD Towe, E Lareau, RT van den Berg, L AF Vig, J Sedlacek, AJ Heijne, EHM Swager, T Hunt, WD Towe, E Lareau, RT van den Berg, L TI Special issue on sensors for the prevention of terrorist acts - Guest editorial SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. CERN, Div EP, PH Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. US Dept Homeland Secur, Transportat Secur Adm, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Constellat Technol Corp, Largo, FL 33777 USA. RP Vig, J (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM j.vig@monmouth.army.mil; sedlacek@bnl.gov; erik.heijne@cem.ch; tswager@mit.edu; bill.hunt@ee.gatech.edu; towe@cmu.edu; richard.lareau@faa.gov; lvdberg@contech.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 555 EP 559 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.850454 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800001 ER PT J AU Slaughter, DR Accatino, MR Bernstein, A Dougan, AD Hall, JM Loshak, A Manatt, DR Pohl, BA Walling, RS Weirup, DL Prussin, SG AF Slaughter, DR Accatino, MR Bernstein, A Dougan, AD Hall, JM Loshak, A Manatt, DR Pohl, BA Walling, RS Weirup, DL Prussin, SG TI The "nuclear car wash": A scanner to detect illicit special nuclear material in cargo containers SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE active interrogation; delayed fission product radiation; neutron irradiation; shielded special nuclear material AB There is an urgent need to improve the reliability of screening cargo containers for illicit nuclear material that may be hidden there for terrorist purposes. A screening system is described for the detection of fissionable material hidden in maritime cargo containers. The system makes use of a low-intensity neutron beam for producing fission and the detection of the abundant high-energy gamma rays emitted in the beta-decay of short-lived fission products and beta-delayed neutrons. The abundance of the delayed gamma rays is almost an order of magnitude larger than that of the delayed neutrons normally used to detect fission, and they are emitted on about the same time scale as the delayed neutrons, i.e., similar to 1 min. The energy and temporal distributions of the delayed gamma rays provide a unique signature of fission. Because of their high energy, these delayed gamma rays penetrate low-Z cargoes much more readily than the delayed neutrons. Coupled with their higher abundance, the signal from the delayed gamma rays escaping from the container is predicted to be as much as six decades more intense than the delayed neutron signal, depending upon the type and thickness of the intervening cargo. The gamma rays are detected in a large array of scintillators located along the sides of the container as it is moved through them. Measurements have confirmed the signal strength in somewhat idealized experiments and have also identified one interference when 14.5-MeV neutrons from the D, T reaction are used for the interrogation. The interference can be removed easily by the appropriate choice of the neutron source. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Slaughter, DR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 560 EP 564 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.851013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800002 ER PT J AU Bertoldo, NA Hunter, SL Fertig, RA Laguna, GW MacQueen, DH AF Bertoldo, NA Hunter, SL Fertig, RA Laguna, GW MacQueen, DH TI Development of a real-time radiological area monitoring network for emergency response at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE emergency response alarm notifications; radiation dispersion modeling; real-time radiation monitoring; sensor networks AB A real-time radiological sensor network for emergency response was developed and deployed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The real-time radiological area monitoring (RTRAM) network comprises 16 Geiger-Mueller sensors positioned on the LLNL Livermore site perimeter to continuously monitor for a radiological condition resulting from a terrorist threat to site security and the health and safety of LLNL personnel. The RTRAM network sensor locations coincide with wind sector directions to provide thorough coverage of the one-square-mile site. These low-power sensors are supported by a central command center (CCC) and transmit measurement data back to the CCC computer through the LLNL telecommunications infrastructure. Alarm conditions are identified by comparing current data with predetermined threshold parameters and are validated by comparison with plausible dispersion modeling scenarios and prevailing meteorological conditions. Emergency response personnel are notified of alarm conditions by automatic radio- and computer-based notifications. A secure intranet provides emergency response personnel with current condition assessment data that enable them to direct field response efforts remotely. The RTRAM network has proven to be a reliable system since initial deployment in August 2001, and it maintains stability during inclement weather conditions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bertoldo, NA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bertoldo1@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 565 EP 573 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.845514 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800003 ER PT J AU Blackadar, JM AF Blackadar, JM TI Automatic isotope identifiers and their features SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray spectroscopy; isotope identification; isotopes; libraries; radiation monitoring; radioactive material; shielding; spectral analysis AB Isotope identification instruments fulfill an important role in reducing the risk of a successful radiological or nuclear terrorist attack. However, different users and scenarios require different characteristics in these instruments. We examine the various features such as durability, usability, and algorithm found in commercially available instruments and describe the circumstances that favor their use. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Nucl Technol Grp N2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Blackadar, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Nucl Technol Grp N2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM blackadar@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 589 EP 592 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.846374 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800006 ER PT J AU Byrd, RC Moss, JM Priedhorsky, WC Pura, CA Richter, GW Saeger, KJ Scarlett, WR Scott, SC Wagner, RL AF Byrd, RC Moss, JM Priedhorsky, WC Pura, CA Richter, GW Saeger, KJ Scarlett, WR Scott, SC Wagner, RL TI Nuclear detection to prevent or defeat clandestine nuclear attack SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray detectors; neutron detectors; nuclear imaging; security ID COSMIC-RAY MUONS; RADIATION; CAMERA; TELESCOPE; AREAS AB Countering clandestinely delivered nuclear and radiological threats requires a multielement, global, civil/military, system-of-systems approach. One important element is geographically layered, sensor-based detection of threat objects, including radiation detection systems. An effective defense against these threats should take advantage of the latest developments in radiation detection technology. This paper reviews the physics of nuclear detection, and points out areas where improvements can be anticipated, via case studies of technologies such as gamma-ray imaging, advanced radiography, large-area detectors, and active interrogation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Byrd, RC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM capura@sandia.gov; rscarlett@lanl.gov RI Saeger, Kevin/O-8619-2016; OI Saeger, Kevin/0000-0002-3639-5302; Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 49 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 593 EP 609 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.846376 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800007 ER PT J AU Yan, F Wabuyele, MB Griffin, GD Vass, AA Vo-Dinh, T AF Yan, F Wabuyele, MB Griffin, GD Vass, AA Vo-Dinh, T TI Surface-enhanced Raman scattering, detection of chemical and biological agent simulants SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biological agent simulates; chemical agent simulants; plasmonic sensors; silver nanoclusters; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) ID SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; DYE; DISCRIMINATION; BACTERIA; CLUSTERS; FILMS; SERS AB Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra of chemical and biological agent simulants, such as dimethyl methylphonate, pinacolyl methylphosphonate, diethyl phosphoramidate, 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide, bacillus globigii, erwinia herbicola, and bacillus thuringiensis were obtained from silver-oxide film-deposited substrates. Thin AgO films ranging in thickness from 50 to 250 nm were produced by chemical bath deposition onto glass slides. Further Raman intensity enhancements were noticed in UV irradiated surfaces due to photo-induced Ag nanocluster formation, which may provide a possible route to producing highly useful plasmonic sensors for the detection of chemical and biological agents upon visible-light illumination. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yan, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yanf@ornl.gov; wabuyelemb@ornl.gov; griffingd@ornl.gov; vassaa@ornl.gov RI Yan, Fei/P-1330-2014 OI Yan, Fei/0000-0001-5983-143X NR 22 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 665 EP 670 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.850993 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800015 ER PT J AU Pinnaduwage, LA Ji, HF Thundat, T AF Pinnaduwage, LA Ji, HF Thundat, T TI Moore's law in homeland defense: An integrated sensor platform based on silicon microcantilevers SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chemical; biological; radiological; or explosive(CBRE) detection; homeland defense; microcantilever; microelectromechanical sensors (MEMS) sensor; terrorism ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BIOLOGICAL THREAT AGENTS; CANTILEVER ARRAY; RESONATING MICROCANTILEVERS; COATED MICROCANTILEVER; RESONANCE-FREQUENCY; SENSITIVE DETECTION; VAPOR RECOGNITION; MACHINE OLFACTION; ELECTRONIC NOSE AB An urgent need exists for the development of inexpensive, highly selective, and extremely sensitive sensors to help combat terrorism. If such sensors can be made miniature, they could be deployed in virtually any situation. Terrorists have a wide variety of potential agents and delivery means to choose from for chemical, biological, radiological, or explosive attacks. Detecting terrorist weapons has become a complex and expensive endeavor, because a multitude of sensor platforms is currently needed to detect the various types of threats. The ability to mass produce and cost effectively deploy a single type of sensor that can detect a wide range of threats is essential in winning the war on terrorism. Silicon-based microelectromechanical sensors (MEMS) represent an ideal sensor platform for combating terrorism because these miniature sensors are inexpensive and can be deployed almost anywhere. Recently, the high sensitivity of MEMS-based microcantilever sensors has been demonstrated in the detection of a variety of threats. Therefore, the critical requirements for a single, miniature sensor platform have been met and the realization of an integrated, widely deployable MEMS sensor could be near. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. RP Pinnaduwage, LA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pinnaduwagle@ornl.gov NR 72 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 774 EP 785 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.845517 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800030 ER PT J AU Dudley, DG Pao, HY AF Dudley, DG Pao, HY TI System identification for wireless propagation channels in tunnels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE communication channel modeling; nonlinear optimization; system identification; tunnel propagation ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVE PROPAGATION AB Wireless communication channels in large tunnels at microwave frequencies involve a large number of guided wave modes. It has been reported that spatial records of field strength versus axial distance in such tunnels can be divided into two zones. Close to the transmitting source, the field consists of many modes interacting in such a way as to produce rapid decay and strong local variations. For greater distances, the field appears dominated by only a few principal modes, or a single mode, with less rapid decay and smoother variations. We apply methods of system identification to estimate parameters in a model that includes these characteristics in the two regions. We validate our model with theoretical data from a circular tunnel with lossy walls. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dudley, DG (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 8 BP 2400 EP 2405 DI 10.1109/TAP.2005.852286 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 954LH UT WOS:000231156100006 ER PT J AU Yoo, TS Lafortune, S AF Yoo, TS Lafortune, S TI Decentralized supervisory control with conditional decisions: Supervisor realization SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE conditional decisions; co-observability; decentralized control; discrete-event systems AB The strategy of decentralized supervisory control of discrete-event systems using so-called "conditional decisions" initiated in prior work is further investigated in this note. Specifically, a constructive methodology for realizing supervisors that employ conditional decisions is developed. This methodology is based on the construction of (deterministic) observers of nondeterministic automata that are built so as to track violations of C&P and D&A coobservability. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Yoo, TS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. EM yoots@inel.gov; stephane@eecs.umich.edu NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD AUG PY 2005 VL 50 IS 8 BP 1205 EP 1211 DI 10.1109/TAC.2005.852556 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 954LO UT WOS:000231156800014 ER PT J AU Muthuswamy, J Okandan, M Gilletti, A Baker, MS Jain, T AF Muthuswamy, J Okandan, M Gilletti, A Baker, MS Jain, T TI An array of microactuated microelectrodes for monitoring single-neuronal activity in rodents SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE action-potentials; BioMEMS; brain-implants; microactuators; neuro-prosthesis ID ELECTRODES; MICROPROBES; RECORDINGS; NEEDLES; SYSTEM; TISSUE; PROBE; BEAM AB Arrays of microelectrodes used for monitoring single- and multi-neuronal action potentials often fail to record from the same population of neurons over a period of time for several technical and biological reasons. We report here a novel Neural Probe chip with a 3-channel microactuated microelectrode array that will enable precise repositioning of the individual microelectrodes within the brain tissue after implantation. Thermal microactuators and associated microelectrodes in the Neural Probe chip are microfabricated using the Sandia's Ultraplanar Multi-level MEMS Technology (SUMMiTV) process, a 5-layer polysilicon micromachining technology of the Sandia National labs, Albuquerque, NM. The Neural Probe chip enables precise bi-directional positioning of the microelectrodes in the brain with a step resolution in the order of 8.8 mu m. The thermal microactuators allow for a linear translation of the microelectrodes of up to 5 mm in either direction making it suitable for positioning microelectrodes in deep structures of a rodent brain. The overall translation in either direction was reduced to approximately 2 mm after insulation of the microelectrodes with epoxy for monitoring multi-unit activity. Single unit recordings were obtained from the somatosensory cortex of adult rats over a period of three days demonstrating the feasibility of this technology. Further optimization of the microelectrode insulation and chip packaging will be necessary before this technology can be validated in chronic experiments. C1 Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Sci & Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Muthuswamy, J (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, ECG 334,POB 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM jit@asu.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [R21 NS041681, R21 NS41681] NR 27 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9294 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1470 EP 1477 DI 10.1109/TBMNE.2005.851478 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 946DW UT WOS:000230553500012 PM 16119243 ER PT J AU Jiang, S Zhang, XD AF Jiang, S Zhang, XD TI Making LRU friendly to weak locality workloads: A novel replacement algorithm to improve buffer cache performance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE operating systems; memory management; replacement algorithms AB Although the LRU replacement algorithm has been widely used in buffer cache management, it is well-known for its inability to cope with access patterns with weak locality. Previously proposed algorithms to improve LRU greatly increase complexity and/or cannot provide consistently improved performance. Some of the algorithms only address LRU problems on certain specific and predefined cases. Motivated by the limitations of existing algorithms, we propose a general and efficient replacement algorithm, called Low Inter-reference Recency Set (LIRS). LIRS effectively addresses the limitations of LRU by using recency to evaluate Inter-Reference Recency (IRR) of accessed blocks for making a replacement decision. This is in contrast to what LRU does: directly using recency to predict the next reference time. Meanwhile, LIRS mostly retains the simple assumption adopted by LRU for predicting future block access behaviors. Conducting simulations with a variety of traces of different access patterns and with a wide range of cache sizes, we show that LIRS significantly outperforms LRU and outperforms other existing replacement algorithms in most cases. Furthermore, we show that the additional cost for implementing LIRS is trivial in comparison with that of LRU. We also show that the LIRS algorithm can be extended into a family of replacement algorithms, in which LRU is a special member. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Performance & Architecture Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Comp Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Performance & Architecture Grp, CCS-3,B256,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sjiang@lanl.gov; zhang@cs.wm.edu NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9340 EI 1557-9956 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 54 IS 8 BP 939 EP 952 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 934HX UT WOS:000229701000002 ER PT J AU Roussel-Dupre, RA AF Roussel-Dupre, RA TI Prompt nuclear EMP and synchrotron radiation: A resolution of two approaches SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article DE EMP radiation effects; Maxwell equations; nuclear explosions; synchrotron radiation ID EXPLOSIONS AB The geomagnetic component of nuclear EMP generated by the prompt (t(max) similar to 2 mu s) gamma-ray, neutron, and X-ray radiation from a nuclear explosion has been the subject of intense scrutiny for over 40 years. Recent work by certain members of the scientific community has suggested that a discrepancy exists in the calculations/derivation of nuclear EMP between treatments based on Maxwell's equations and the high-frequency approximation and those derived from a summation over particles emitting synchrotron radiation. In principle, the two approaches should be identical simply because the well-known Lionard-Wiechert potentials for accelerating particles are derived from Maxwell's equations. In this paper, we start from the Lienard-Wiechert potentials and derive an expression for nuclear EMP that is identical to previous work based on a solution of Maxwell's equations. Thus, the putative discrepancy between the two approaches is resolved and Maxwell's equations in this regard are again vindicated. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87595 USA. RP Roussel-Dupre, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87595 USA. EM bobld@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 47 IS 3 BP 552 EP 558 DI 10.1109/TEMC.2005.851724 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 973CF UT WOS:000232499800016 ER PT J AU Lee, JB Chang, PC Liddle, JA Subramanian, V AF Lee, JB Chang, PC Liddle, JA Subramanian, V TI 10-nm channel length pentacene transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE E-beam lithography; nanoseale; organic thin-film transitors (OTFTs); pentacene ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; THIN-FILM-TRANSISTORS; ORGANIC TRANSISTORS; LOW-VOLTAGE; TRANSPORT; ELECTRODES; MOBILITY; CHARGE AB Organic thin-film transitors (OTFTs) were fabricated with channel lengths as small as 10 nm and an operating voltage of V-DD = -0.3 V using e-beam lithography. For sub-200-nm channel lengths, scaling L downwards resulted in increased on-current, decreased I-on/I-off ratio, V-T-rolloff, and drain-induced barrier lowering. These trends are correlated with device topology, electrostatics, and thin-film morphology. Nanoscale OTFT are interesting both as a means of studying intrinsic electrical properties of organic materials and as a possible route toward increasing on-current in organic devices. This paper sheds light on many of the issues encountered when shrinking organic devices, providing insight into approaches for optimizing nanoscaled OTFT. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. IBM Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Microelect Div, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jaliddle@lbl.gov; viveks@eecs.berkeley.edu RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Subramanian, Vivek/K-9818-2016 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Subramanian, Vivek/0000-0002-1783-8219 NR 26 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1874 EP 1879 DI 10.1109/TED.2005.851845 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 949QC UT WOS:000230802200028 ER PT J AU Brown, CG Sarabandi, K Pierce, LE AF Brown, CG Sarabandi, K Pierce, LE TI Validation of the shuttle radar topography mission height data SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE digital elevation model (DEM); shuttle radar topography mission; validation ID INTERFEROMETRIC RADAR AB The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) provided data for detailed topographical maps of about 80% of the Earth's land. surface. SRTM consisted of single-pass C- and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radars (INSARs). In order to utilize SRTM data in remote sensing applications the data must be calibrated and validated. This paper presents The University of Michigan's SRTM calibration and validation campaign and our results using recently acquired C-band SRTM data of our calibration sites. An array of calibration targets was deployed with the intention of determining the accuracy of INSAR-derived digital elevation maps. The array spanned one of the X-band swaths and stretched from Toledo, OH to Lansing, MI. Passive and active targets were used. The passive targets included trihedrals and tophats. The locations in latitude, longitude, and elevation of the point targets were determined using differential GPS. We also acquired U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) digital elevation models (DEMs) to use in the calibration and validation work. The SRTM data used in this study are both Principal Investigator Processor (PI) data, which are not the refined final data product, and the ground data processing system (GDPS) data, which are a more refined data product. We report that both datasets for southeastern Michigan exceed the SRTM mission specifications for absolute and relative height errors for our point targets. A more extensive analysis of the SRTM GDPS data indicates that it meets the absolute and relative accuracy requirements even for bare surface areas. In addition, we validate the PI height error files, which are used to provide a statistical characterization of the difference between the SRTM GDPS and USGS DEM heights. The statistical characterization of the GDPS-USGS difference is of interest in forest parameter retrieval algorithms. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Michigan, Radiat Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Brown, CG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brown207@llnl.gov NR 17 TC 39 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1707 EP 1715 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2005.851789 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 949BX UT WOS:000230761000002 ER PT J AU Nelson, EM Petillo, JJ AF Nelson, EM Petillo, JJ TI Current accumulation for a self magnetic field calculation in a finite-element gun code SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE electron trajectory code; finite-element methods; gun code; magnetostatics; particle beam optics ID ELECTRON-GUN AB We describe a novel current accumulation algorithm for the three-dimensional self magnetic field calculation in a charged-particle beam optics code. The current source is a charged-particle beam represented by a collection of numerically-integrated current-carrying rays. We compute the magnetic vector potential using edge basis functions and the curl-curl formulation of the finite-element method. The current accumulation algorithm takes advantage of a novel particle tracker that happens to be ideal for this application. We show that our source vector is compatible with the singular finite-element matrix, even with modest numerical integration errors. Thus, a conjugate gradient matrix solver works well, with no need for additional gauge conditions. We confirmed this behavior in a series of numerical tests on a small problem with incomplete linear and quadratic basis functions on a variety of element shapes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. RP Nelson, EM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 41 IS 8 BP 2355 EP 2361 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2005.0852181 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 958IB UT WOS:000231436800007 ER PT J AU Strom, D Frey, R Breidenbach, M Freytag, D Graf, N Haller, G Milgrome, O Radeka, V AF Strom, D Frey, R Breidenbach, M Freytag, D Graf, N Haller, G Milgrome, O Radeka, V TI Fine grained silicon-tungsten calorimetry for a linear collider detector SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE calorimetry; energy measurement; position sensitive particle detectors; silicon radiation detectors; time measurement; tungsten AB A fine grained silicon-tungsten calorimeter is ideal for use as the electromagnetic calorimeter in a linear collider detector optimized for particle-flow reconstruction. We are designing a calorimeter that is based on readout chips which are bump bonded to the silicon wafers that serve as the active medium in the calorimeter. By using integrated electronics we plan to demonstrate that fine granularity can be achieved at a reasonable price. Our design minimizes the gap between tungsten layers leading to a small Moliere radius, an important figure of merit for particle-flow detectors. Tests of the silicon detectors to be used in a test beam prototype as well as timing measurements based onsimilar silicon detectors are discussed. C1 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Strom, D (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM strom@physics.uoregon.edu; rayfrey@cosmic.uoregon.edu; mib@slac.stanford.edu; drf@slac.stanford.edu; ngraf@slac.stanford.edu; haller@slac.stanford.edu; Radeka@bnl.gov NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 868 EP 873 DI 10.1109/TNS.2005.852689 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700008 ER PT J AU Bonvicini, V Dzhordzhadze, V Kistenev, E Lajoie, J Merkine, M Seto, R Vacchi, A AF Bonvicini, V Dzhordzhadze, V Kistenev, E Lajoie, J Merkine, M Seto, R Vacchi, A TI Silicon-tungsten calorimeter for the forward direction in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE analog and digital readout electronics; calorimeter; forward spectrometer; mechanical design; triggering ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; LARGE NUCLEI AB The PHENIX detector at RHIC has been designed to study hadronic and leptonic signatures of the Quark Gluon Plasma in heavy ion collisions and spin dependent structure functions in polarized proton collisions. The baseline detector measures unions in two union spectrometers located forward and backward of mid-rapidity, and measures hadrons, electrons, and photons in two central spectrometer arms, each of which covers 90 degrees in azimuth and 0.35 units of rapidity. Further progress requires extending rapidity coverage for hadronic and electromagnetic signatures by upgrading the functionality of the PHENIX union spectrometers to include photon and jet measurement capabilities. Tungsten calorimeters with silicon pixel readout and fine transverse and longitudinal segmentation are proposed to attain this goal. The use of such a design provides the highest density and finest granularity possible in a calorimeter. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. RP Bonvicini, V (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. EM bonvicini@ts.infn.it; wasiko@bnl.gov; kistenev@bnl.gov; lajoie@iastate.edu; merkinm@silab.msu.ru; seto@ucr.edu; andrea.vacchi@ts.infn.it RI Vacchi, Andrea/C-1291-2010 OI Vacchi, Andrea/0000-0003-3855-5856 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 874 EP 878 DI 10.1109/TNS.2005.852724 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700009 ER PT J AU Terada, Y Watanabe, S Ohno, M Suzuki, M Itoh, T Takahashi, I Sato, G Murashima, M Kawano, N Uchiyama, Y Kubo, S Takahashi, T Tashiro, M Kokubun, M Makishima, K Kamae, T Murakami, T Nomachi, M Fukazawa, Y Yamaoka, K Nakazawa, K Yonetoku, D AF Terada, Y Watanabe, S Ohno, M Suzuki, M Itoh, T Takahashi, I Sato, G Murashima, M Kawano, N Uchiyama, Y Kubo, S Takahashi, T Tashiro, M Kokubun, M Makishima, K Kamae, T Murakami, T Nomachi, M Fukazawa, Y Yamaoka, K Nakazawa, K Yonetoku, D TI Development of a Monte Carlo simulator for the Astro-E2 Hard X-ray Detector (HXD-II) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE astronomical satellites; gamma-ray spectroscopy detectors; Monte Carlo; simulation ID PERFORMANCE AB The Hard X-ray Detector (HXD-II) is one of the scientific payloads on board the fifth Japanese cosmic X-ray satellite Astro-E2, scheduled for launch in 2005. The HXD-II is designed to cover a wide energy range of 10-600 keV with a high sensitivity of about 10(-5) cnt/s/cm(2) /keV. In order to derive the energy response of the sensor and to estimate the background, a Monte Carlo simulator based on the Geant4 toolkit is currently being developed. This paper describes the design concept of the HXD-II software package, including the analysis tools and the Monte Carlo simulator, and its verification through a comparison with actual data taken by pre-flight radio-isotope irradiation experiments, together with calculated outputs that can demonstrate the in-orbit performance of the HXD-II. C1 Inst Phys & Chem Res, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. JAXA, ISAS, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Urawa, Saitama 3388570, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RIKEN, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Kanazawa Univ, Dept Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Kanagawa 2298558, Japan. RP Terada, Y (reprint author), Inst Phys & Chem Res, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. EM terada@riken.jp RI Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012; Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013; XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 OI Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857; NR 17 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 902 EP 909 DI 10.1109/TNS.2005.852681 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700014 ER PT J AU Ceseracciu, A Piemontese, M Tehrani, FS Pulliam, TM Galeazzi, F AF Ceseracciu, A Piemontese, M Tehrani, FS Pulliam, TM Galeazzi, F TI The BaBar data reconstruction control system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE control system; distributed systems; high energy physics software AB The BaBar experiment is characterized by extremely high luminosity and very large volume of data produced and stored, with increasing computing requirements each year. To fulfill these requirements a control system has been designed and developed for the offline distributed data reconstruction system. The control system described in this paper provides the performance and flexibility needed to manage a large number of small computing farms, and takes full benefit of object oriented (00) design. The infrastructure is well isolated from the processing layer, it is generic and flexible, based on a light framework providing message passing and cooperative multitasking. The system is distributed in a hierarchical way: the top-level system is organized in farms, farms in services, and services in subservices or code modules. It provides a powerful finite state machine framework to describe custom processing models in a simple regular language. This paper describes the design and evolution of this control system, currently in use at SLAC and Padova on similar to 450 CPUs organized in nine farms. C1 Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Padua, Dept Phys, I-35100 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35100 Padua, Italy. RP Ceseracciu, A (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM antony@slac.stanford.edu OI Galeazzi, Fulvio/0000-0002-6830-9982 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 919 EP 926 DI 10.1109/TNS.2005.852701 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700016 ER PT J AU Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosisio, L Calderini, G Campagnari, C Dittongo, S Ford, F Giorgi, MA Marchiori, G Rizzo, G AF Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosisio, L Calderini, G Campagnari, C Dittongo, S Ford, F Giorgi, MA Marchiori, G Rizzo, G TI Measurement of the charge collection efficiency after heavy non-uniform irradiation in BABAR silicon detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE radiation damage; silicon detector ID VERTEX TRACKER; RADIATION; DAMAGE AB We have investigated the depletion voltage changes, leakage current increase and charge collection efficiency of a silicon microstrip detector identical to those used in the inner layers of the BABAR Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) after heavy nonuniform irradiation. A full SVT module with the front-end electronics connected has been irradiated with a 0.9 GeV electron beam up to a peak fluence of 3.5 x10(14) e(-)/cm(2), well beyond the level causing substrate type inversion. We have irradiated the silicon with a nonuniform profile having sigma = 1.4 mm that simulates the conditions encountered in the BABAR experiment by the modules intersecting the horizontal machine plane. The position dependence of the charge collection properties and the depletion voltage have been investigated in detail using a 1060 nm LED and an innovative measuring technique based only on the digital output of the chip. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Bettarini, S (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. EM giovanni.marchiori@pi.infn.it RI Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015 OI Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Bettarini, Stefano/0000-0001-7742-2998; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1054 EP 1060 DI 10.1106/TNS.2005.0852666 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700037 ER PT J AU Chung, YS De Lentdecker, G Demers, S Han, BY Kilminster, B Lee, J McFarland, K Vaiciulis, A Azfar, F Huffman, B Akimoto, T Kobayashi, H Matsunaga, H Shimojima, A Tollefson, K Torretta, D Waters, D AF Chung, YS De Lentdecker, G Demers, S Han, BY Kilminster, B Lee, J McFarland, K Vaiciulis, A Azfar, F Huffman, B Akimoto, T Kobayashi, H Matsunaga, H Shimojima, A Tollefson, K Torretta, D Waters, D TI The Level-3 trigger at the CDF experiment at Tevatron Run II SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE data hub; Hadron collider; software; trigger AB We describe the filtering and analysis software running in the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) Run II Level-3 trigger, as well as the client- and event-driven data hub system. These systems constitute critical components of the data acquisition system of the CDF detector. The Level-3 trigeer is responsible for reconstructing the events and forming the final trigger decision. The consumer-server/logger (CSL) system receives the accepted physics events from multiple connections and writes them to disk in multiple streams, while distributing them to online analysis programs (consumers). Since 2001, the system has been running successfully at high throughput rates: the Level-3 trigger reduces the event rate from 350 Hz to about 100 Hz with an average event size of 150 kB, while the CSL is able to process up to 22 MB/s of constant event logging. We describe these systems in detail and report on their current performance. We briefly outline upgrade plans for the remainder of Tevatron Run II. C1 Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Chung, YS (reprint author), Univ Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM dldecker@fnal.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1212 EP 1216 DI 10.1109/TNS.2005.852638 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IA UT WOS:000231436700064 ER PT J AU Peng, HC Long, FH Ding, C AF Peng, HC Long, FH Ding, C TI Feature selection based on mutual information: Criteria of max-dependency, max-relevance, and min-redundancy SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE feature selection; mutual information; minimal redundancy; maximal relevance; maximal dependency; classification ID WRAPPERS; CANCER AB Feature selection is an important problem for pattern classification systems. We study how to select good features according to the maximal statistical dependency criterion based on mutual information. Because of the difficulty in directly implementing the maximal dependency condition, we first derive an equivalent form, called minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion (mRMR), for first-order incremental feature selection. Then, we present a two-stage feature selection algorithm by combining mRMR and other more sophisticated feature selectors (e. g., wrappers). This allows us to select a compact set of superior features at very low cost. We perform extensive experimental comparison of our algorithm and other methods using three different classifiers (naive Bayes, support vector machine, and linear discriminate analysis) and four different data sets (handwritten digits, arrhythmia, NCI cancer cell lines, and lymphoma tissues). The results confirm that mRMR leads to promising improvement on feature selection and classification accuracy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peng, HC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hpeng@lbl.gov; flong@lbl.gov; CHQDing@lbl.gov RI Peng, Hanchuan/A-1798-2011 NR 31 TC 2255 Z9 2366 U1 27 U2 213 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1226 EP 1238 DI 10.1109/TPAMI.2005.159 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 934HW UT WOS:000229700900004 PM 16119262 ER PT J AU Galbraith, JM Kenyon, GT Ziolkowski, RW AF Galbraith, JM Kenyon, GT Ziolkowski, RW TI Time-to-collision estimation from motion based on primate visual processing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE motion processing; autonomous robotics; neuromorphic computing; computer vision; depth cues; time-to-collision; optic flow ID OPTICAL-FLOW; IMAGE MOTION; SELF-MOTION; MODEL; NAVIGATION; FIELD; COMPUTATION; FILTERS; DIVERGENCE; VELOCITY AB A population coded algorithm, built on established models of motion processing in the primate visual system, computes the time-to-collision of a mobile robot to real-world environmental objects from video imagery. A set of four transformations starts with motion energy, a spatiotemporal frequency based computation of motion features. The following processing stages extract image velocity features similar to, but distinct from, optic flow; "translation" features, which account for velocity errors including those resulting from the aperture problem; and finally, estimate the time-to-collision. Biologically motivated population coding distinguishes this approach from previous methods based on optic flow. A comparison of the population coded approach with the popular optic flow algorithm of Lucas and Kanade against three types of approaching objects shows that the proposed method produces more robust time-to-collision information from a real world input stimulus in the presence of the aperture problem and other noise sources. The improved performance comes with increased computational cost, which would ideally be mitigated by special purpose hardware architectures. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Galbraith, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-21,MS-D454,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jgalb@lanl.gov; gkenyon@lanl.gov; ziolkows@ece.arizona.edu NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1279 EP 1291 DI 10.1109/TPAMI.2005.168 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 934HW UT WOS:000229700900008 PM 16119266 ER PT J AU Ostrouchov, G Samatova, NF AF Ostrouchov, G Samatova, NF TI On FastMap and the convex hull of multivariate data: Toward fast and robust dimension reduction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE dimension reduction; convex hull; FastMap; RobustMap; principal components; multidimensional scaling; robust statistics; Euclidean distance AB FastMap is a dimension reduction technique that operates on distances between objects. Although only distances are used, implicitly the technique assumes that the objects are points in a p-dimensional Euclidean space. It selects a sequence of k <= p orthogonal axes defined by distant pairs of points ( called pivots) and computes the projection of the points onto the orthogonal axes. We show that FastMap uses only the outer envelope of a data set. Pivots are taken from the faces, usually vertices, of the convex hull of the data points in the original implicit Euclidean space. This provides a bridge to results in robust statistics, where the convex hull is used as a tool in multivariate outlier detection and in robust estimation methods. The connection sheds new light on the properties of FastMap, particularly its sensitivity to outliers, and provides an opportunity for a new class of dimension reduction algorithms, RobustMaps, that retain the speed of FastMap and exploit ideas in robust statistics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ostrouchov, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ostrouchovg@ornl.gov; samatovan@ornl.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1340 EP 1343 DI 10.1109/TPAMI.2005.164 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 934HW UT WOS:000229700900014 PM 16119272 ER PT J AU Jing, CG Gai, W Power, JG Konecny, R Gold, SH Liu, W Kinkead, AK AF Jing, CG Gai, W Power, JG Konecny, R Gold, SH Liu, W Kinkead, AK TI High-power RF tests on X-band dielectric-loaded, accelerating structures SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE dielectric breakdown; dielectric-loaded accelerator; high-power radio frequency; mulit-pactor ID WAKE-FIELD AB A joint Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)/Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) program is under way to investigate X-band dielectric-loaded accelerating (DLA) structures, using high-power 11.424-GHz radiation from the NRL Magnicon Facility. DLA structures offer the potential of a simple, inexpensive alternative to copper disk-loaded structures for use in high-gradient radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerators. A central purpose of our high-power test program is to find the RF breakdown limits of these structures. In this paper, we summarize the most recent tests results for two DLA structures loaded with different ceramics: alumina and MgxCa1-xTiO3 (MCT). No RIP breakdown has been observed up to 5 MW of drive power (equivalent to 8 MV/m accelerating gradient), but multipactor was observed to absorb a large fraction of the incident microwave power. The latest experimental results on suppression of multipactor using a TiN coating on the inner surface of the dielectric are reported. Although we did not observe dielectric breakdown in the structure, breakdown did occur at the ceramic joint, where the electric field is greatly enhanced. Lastly, the MCT structure showed significantly less multipactor for the same level RF field. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. LET Corp, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Jing, CG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM jingchg@hep.an1.gov NR 15 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1155 EP 1160 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.851957 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500004 ER PT J AU Reass, WA Baca, DM Gribble, RF Anderson, DE Przybyla, JS Richardson, R Clare, JC Bland, MJ Wheeler, PW AF Reass, WA Baca, DM Gribble, RF Anderson, DE Przybyla, JS Richardson, R Clare, JC Bland, MJ Wheeler, PW TI High-frequency multimegawatt polyphase resonant power conditioning SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT); modulator; nanocrystalline transformer; power conditioning; resonant converter AB High-frequency multimegawatt polyphase resonant power conditioning techniques have recently been realized as a result of key component developments, cooperative efforts, research and development funding contracts, and newly applied engineering techniques. The first generation 10-MW pulsed converter-modulators, implemented at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, are now utilized for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator klystron radio frequency amplifier power systems [1]. Three different styles of polyphase resonant converter-modulators were developed for the SNS application. The various systems operate up to 140-kV, or 11-MW pulses, or up to 1.1 MW average power all from a direct current input of +/-1.2 kV. The component improvements realized with the SNS effort coupled with new applied engineering techniques have resulted in dramatic changes in overall power conditioning topology. As an example, the 20-kHz high-voltage transformers are less than 1% the size and weight of equivalent 60-Hz versions. With resonant conversion techniques, load protective networks are not required. A shorted load de-tunes the resonance which results in limited power transfer. This provides for power conditioning systems that are inherently self-protective, with automatic fault "ride-through" capabilities. By altering and iterating the Los Alamos design, higher power and continuous wave power conditioning systems can now be realized with improved performance and flexibility. This paper will examine the SNS engineering data, briefly review the underlying theory of polyphase resonant conversion techniques, and apply this knowledge to future system topologies. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. E2V Technol Ltd, Chelmsford CM1 2QU, Essex, England. Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Reass, WA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wreass@lanl.gov; dbaca@lanl.gov; rf.gribble@worldnet.att.net; deanderson@ornl.gov; jan.przybyla@e2v.com; bob.richardson@e2v.com; jon.clare@nottingham.ac.uk; michael.bland@nottingham.ac.uk; pat.wheeler@nottingham.ac.uk NR 6 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1210 EP 1219 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.851977 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500013 ER PT J AU Kemp, MA Curry, AD Gahl, JM McDonald, KF Struve, KW AF Kemp, MA Curry, AD Gahl, JM McDonald, KF Struve, KW TI Modeling and analysis of the Rimfire gas switch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE gas switching; multichannel gaps; PSpice modeling; rimfire; spark gaps AB Many accelerators at Sandia National Laboratories utilize the Rimfire gas switch for high-voltage, high-power switching. Future accelerators will have increased performance requirements for switching elements. When designing improved versions of the Rinifire switch, there is a need for quick and accurate simulation of the electrical effects of geometry changes. This paper presents an advanced circuit model of the Rimfire switch that can be used for these simulations. The development of the model is shown along with comparisons to past models and experimental results. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kemp, MA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM markkemp@mizzou.edu; curryrd@missouri.edu; gahlj@missouri.edu; mcdonaldkf@missouri.edu; kwstruve@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1245 EP 1251 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.852439 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500018 ER PT J AU Barnes, MJ Blackmore, E Wait, GD Lemire-Elmore, J Rablah, B Leyh, G Nguyen, MN Pappas, C AF Barnes, MJ Blackmore, E Wait, GD Lemire-Elmore, J Rablah, B Leyh, G Nguyen, MN Pappas, C TI Analysis of high-power IGBT short circuit failures SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE current density; high-speed electronics; inductance; insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT); linear accelerators; power semiconductor devices; power semiconductor switches; pulse power system switches AB The next linear collider (NLC) accelerator proposal at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC, Menlo Park, CA), requires a highly efficient and reliable, low cost, pulsed-power modulator to drive the klystrons. A solid-state induction modulator has been developed at SLAC to power the klystrons; this modulator uses commercial high voltage and high current insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. Testing of these IGBT modules under pulsed conditions was very successful; however, the IGBTs failed when tests were performed into a low inductance short circuit. The internal electrical connections of. a commercial IGBT module have been analyzed to extract self- and mutual Partial inductances for the main current paths as well as for the gate structure. The IGBT module, together with the partial inductances, has been modeled using PSpice. Predictions for electrical paths that carry the highest current correlate with the sites of failed die under short circuit tests. A similar analysis has been carried out for a SLAC proposal for an IGBT module layout. This paper discusses the mathematical model of the IGBT module geometry and presents simulation results. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. SLAC, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. RP Barnes, MJ (reprint author), TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. EM barnes@triumf.ca NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1252 EP 1261 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.852388 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500019 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Savage, ME Ziska, GR Starbird, RL AF Smith, DL Savage, ME Ziska, GR Starbird, RL TI ZR Marx capacitor vendor evaluation and lifetime test results SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE capacitors; lifetime testing; Marx generator; pulsed power; vendor evaluation; voltage scaling; Weibull distribution AB The Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is the world's largest and most powerful laboratory X-ray source. The Z Refurbishment Project (ZR) is presently underway to provide an improved precision, more shot capacity, and a higher current capability. The ZR upgrade has a total output current requirement of at least 26 MA for a 100-ns standard Z-pinch load. To accomplish this with minimal impact on the surrounding hardware, the 60 high-energy discharge capacitors in each of the existing 36 Marx generators must be replaced with identical size units but with twice the capacitance. Before the six-month shut down and transition from Z to ZR occurs, 2500 of these capacitors will be delivered. We chose to undertake an ambitious vendor qualification program to reduce the risk of not meeting ZR performance goals, to encourage the pulsed-power industry to revisit the design and development of high- energy discharge capacitors, and to meet the cost and delivery schedule within the ZR project plans. Five manufacturers were willing to fabricate and sell SNL samples of six capacitors each to be evaluated. The 8000-shot qualification test phase of the evaluation effort is now complete. This paper summarizes how the 0.279 x 0.356 x 0.635-m (11 x 14 x 25-in) stainless steel can, Scyllac-style insulator bushing, 2.65-mu F, < 30-nH, 100-kV, 35%-reversal capacitor lifetime specifications were determined, briefly describes the nominal 260-kJ test facility configuration, presents the test results of the most successful candidates, and discusses acceptance testing protocols that balance available resources against performance, cost, and schedule risk. We also summarize the results of our accelerated lifetime testing of the, selected General Atomics P/N 32896 capacitor. We have completed lifetime tests with twelve capacitors at 100 kV and with fourteen capacitors at 110-kV charge voltage. The means of the fitted Weibull distributions for these two cases are about 17000 and 10 000 shots, respectively. As a result of this effort. plus the rigorous vendor testing prior to shipping, we are confident in the high reliability of these capacitors and have acquired information pertaining to their lifetime dependence on the operating voltage. One result of the analysis is that, for these capacitors, lifetime scales inversely with voltage to the 6.28 +/- 0.91 power, over this 100 to 110-kV voltage range. Accepting the assumptions leading to this outcome allows us to predict the overall ZR system Marx generator capacitor reliability at the expected lower operating voltage of about 85 kV. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Bechtel Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89030 USA. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dlsmith@sandia.gov; mesavag@sandia.gov; grziska@sandia.gov; rlstarb@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1273 EP 1281 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.852423 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500022 ER PT J AU Uhm, HS Davidson, RC AF Uhm, HS Davidson, RC TI A theory of resistive hose instability in intense charged particle beams propagating through background plasma with low electron collision-frequency SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beam instability; beam propagation; charged particle beam; resistive hose ID ION-BEAMS; FUSION; SIMULATIONS AB Stability properties of the resistive hose instability is investigated for a rounded current-density profile of a charged particle beam propagating through a background plasma where the electron collision time (1/v(c)) is comparable to or longer than the magnetic decay time (tau(d)). The eigenvalue equation is derived based on the energy group model, including the stabilizing influence of a finite magnetic decay time. The dispersion relation of the resistive hose instability in a charged particle beam with an arbitrary current density profile is derived assuming that the eigenfunctions can be represented by the rigid displacement of the self magnetic field in the plasma. Stability, analysis for perturbations propagating through the beam pulse from its head to tail is carried out for. an arbitrary current profile of the beam. It is shown from the stability analysis that the width of the range Omega(2) corresponding to instability decreases drastically as the value of parameter v(c)tau(d) decreases from infinity to zero, thereby being a very narrow bandwidth of instability. It is also shown for arbitrary current profile that any perturbation with frequency Omega higher than the maximum betatron frequency omega(beta m) is stable. Here, Omega is the Doppler-shifted frequency seen by beam particles. C1 Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Uhm, HS (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1395 EP 1404 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.853028 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RG UT WOS:000231316900010 ER PT J AU Jazayeri, R Schellenberg, A Rosehart, WD Doudna, J Widergren, S Lawrence, D Mickey, J Jones, S AF Jazayeri, R Schellenberg, A Rosehart, WD Doudna, J Widergren, S Lawrence, D Mickey, J Jones, S TI A survey of load control programs for price and system stability SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ancillary services; demand side load management; demand side resources; load control; load participation AB Load control and demand side load management programs have been implemented in a large number of competitive power markets. These programs can provide enhanced system security and many benefits to participants. This paper reviews and compares existing economically driven programs. C1 Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Calif ISO, Folsom, CA 95763 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. New York Independent Syst Operator, Albany, NY 12203 USA. Elect Reliabil Council Texas, Taylor, TX 76574 USA. RP Jazayeri, R (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. EM rosehart@iece.org; JDoudna@caiso.com; steve.widergren@pnl.gov; dlawrence@nyiso.com; jmickey@ercot.com NR 5 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 3 BP 1504 EP 1509 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852147 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 952KH UT WOS:000231001900036 ER EF