FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU McKeon, CA Jordan, FL Glenn, EP Waugh, WJ Nelson, SG AF McKeon, CA Jordan, FL Glenn, EP Waugh, WJ Nelson, SG TI Rapid nitrate loss from a contaminated desert soil SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE denitrification; delta N-15; phytoremediation; Atriplex canescens; nitrogen contamination; vadose zone; nitrate ID DENITRIFICATION RATES; WATER; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS; LITTER; ZONE AB A 1.6 ha plot of A triplex canescens (fourwing saltbush) was established in a desert soil at a former uranium ore-processing plant, near Monument Valley, Arizona, to remediate nitrate and ammonium N contamination. The plants were irrigated to stimulate growth and N uptake. However, NO3- loss from the soil was unexpectedly rapid. Initially, the soil contained approximately 180 mg kg(-1) NO3--N distributed at depths up to 4.6m, but concentrations decreased to 80 mg kg(-1) after 41 months. Losses occurred throughout the plot at all soil depths. NH4-N remained unchanged (ca. 180 mg kg(-1)). Soil moisture was generally below field capacity and soil water flux showed no net downward movement over the course of the study. A salt balance showed a 10% decrease in soluble salts during the study, attributable to the loss in NO3-. Residual soluble soil N became progressively enriched in N-15 over time, consistent with biological denitrification. Additionally, microcosm studies indicate significant potential denitrification rates on the plot but not for control soils. Total losses of NO3--N were 1360 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). These findings of rapid denitrification in the vadose zone of a desert soil are unique and may offer a low-cost method for NO3- remediation at similar sites. These findings are also of interest due to the depth at which the losses occurred and the possibility that considerable amounts of naturally occurring NO3- in deep vadose zone desert soils in the southwestern US could be similarly mobilized by changing land use practices or climate change. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. US DOE, Environm Sci Lab, Grand Junct, CO 81503 USA. RP McKeon, CA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 2601 E Airport Dr,POB 210045,9932 Calle Solana, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. EM cmckeon@ag.arizona.edu NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 2005 VL 61 IS 1 BP 119 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.08.006 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 892KH UT WOS:000226648900009 ER PT J AU Ramirez, ME Hebbar, PB Zhou, RB Wolk, CP Curtis, SE AF Ramirez, ME Hebbar, PB Zhou, RB Wolk, CP Curtis, SE TI Anabaena sp strain PCC 7120 gene devH is required for synthesis of the heterocyst glycolipid layer SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN-FIXATION GENES; CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA; PCC 7120; CELL-ENVELOPE; DIFFERENTIATION; ATCC-29133; NTCA AB In response to deprivation for fixed nitrogen, the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 provides a microoxic intracellular environment for nitrogen fixation through the differentiation of semiregularly spaced vegetative cells into specialized cells called heterocysts. The devH gene is induced during heterocyst development and encodes a product with characteristics of a trans-acting regulatory protein. A devH mutant forms morphologically distinguishable heterocysts but is Fox(-), incapable of nitrogen fixation in the presence of oxygen. We demonstrate that rearrangements of nitrogen fixation genes take place normally in the devH mutant and that it is Fix(+), i.e., has nitrogenase activity under anoxic conditions. The Fox(-) phenotype was shown by ultrastructural studies to be associated with the absence of the glycolipid layer of the heterocyst envelope. The expression of glycolipid biosynthetic genes in the mutant is greatly reduced, and heterocyst glycolipids are undetectable. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Genet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Curtis, SE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Genet, Box 7614, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM securtis@ncsu.edu NR 28 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 187 IS 7 BP 2326 EP 2331 DI 10.1128/JB.187.7.2326-2331.2005 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 907VJ UT WOS:000227745800013 PM 15774875 ER PT J AU Liu, YQ Gao, WM Wang, Y Wu, LY Liu, XD Yan, TF Alm, E Arkin, A Thompson, DK Fields, MW Zhou, JZ AF Liu, YQ Gao, WM Wang, Y Wu, LY Liu, XD Yan, TF Alm, E Arkin, A Thompson, DK Fields, MW Zhou, JZ TI Transcriptome analysis of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in response to elevated salt conditions SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; REDUCING BACTERIUM; ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; OUTER-MEMBRANE; HIGH SALINITY AB Whole-genomic expression patterns were examined in Shewanella oneidensis cells exposed to elevated sodium chloride. Genes involved in Na+ extrusion and glutamate biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated, and the majority of chemotaxis/motility-related genes were significantly down-regulated. The data also suggested an important role for metabolic adjustment in salt stress adaptation in S. oneidensis. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhouj@ornl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Gao, Weimin/J-1795-2014 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Gao, Weimin/0000-0002-6758-9775 NR 55 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 187 IS 7 BP 2501 EP 2507 DI 10.1128/JB.187.7.2501-2507.2005 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 907VJ UT WOS:000227745800031 PM 15774893 ER PT J AU Lee, SK Newman, JD Keasling, JD AF Lee, SK Newman, JD Keasling, JD TI Catabolite repression of the propionate catabolic genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica: Evidence for involvement of the cyclic AMP receptor protein SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYPHIMURIUM LT2; TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATION; CARBON METABOLISM; ENCODING ENZYMES; DOWN-REGULATION; RNA-POLYMERASE; PRPBCDE OPERON; PRP LOCUS; PROMOTER; EXPRESSION AB Previous studies with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 demonstrated that transcriptional activation of the prpBCDE operon requires the function of transcription factor PrpR, sigma-54, and IHF. In this study, we found that transcription from the prpBCDE and prpR promoters was down-regulated by the addition of glucose or glycerol, indicating that these genes may be regulated by the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex. Targeted mutagenesis of a putative CRP-binding site in the promoter region between prpR and prpBCDE suggested that these genes are under the control of CRP. Furthermore, cells with defects in cya or crp exhibited reduced transcriptional activation of prpR and prpBCDE in Escherichia coli. These results demonstrate that propionate metabolism is subject to catabolite repression by the global transcriptional regulator CRP and that this regulation is effected through control of both the regulator gene prpR and the prpBCDE operon itself. The unique properties of the regulation of these two divergent promoters may have important implications for mechanisms of CRP-dependent catabolite repression acting in conjunction with a member of the sigma-54 family of transcriptional activators. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Synth Biol Dept, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Lee, Sung/E-6525-2010; Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM070763, GM070763-01] NR 49 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 187 IS 8 BP 2793 EP 2800 DI 10.1128/JB.187.8.2793-2800.2005 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 914DH UT WOS:000228204700026 PM 15805526 ER PT J AU Lin, XH Zamora, PO Albright, S Glass, JD Pena, LA AF Lin, XH Zamora, PO Albright, S Glass, JD Pena, LA TI Multidomain synthetic peptide B2A2 synergistically enhances BMP-2 in vitro SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cytokines; growth factors; novel entities; BMP/SMAD signaling; BMP-2; activin; receptors; osteoblasts; bioengineering ID BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR; LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION; SONIC HEDGEHOG; OSTEOBLASTIC DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; II RECEPTOR; RADIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB A multidomain, synthetic peptide designated B2A2 synergizes the activity of BMP-2. B2A2 interacts with BMP receptor isoforms, potentiating the action of BMP-2 in activating alkaline phosphatase and triggering Smad and MAPK signaling. B2A2's design permits its delivery as a local surface coating as well as a soluble co-factor, thus broadening potential bioengineering applications. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. BioSurface Engn Technol, College Pk, MD USA. RP Pena, LA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lpena@bnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [K01-CA76483] NR 56 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 693 EP 703 DI 10.1359/JBMR.041104 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 907TT UT WOS:000227741600018 PM 15765189 ER PT J AU Veith, GM Lupini, AR Pennycook, SJ Ownby, GW Dudney, NJ AF Veith, GM Lupini, AR Pennycook, SJ Ownby, GW Dudney, NJ TI Nanoparticles of gold on gamma-Al2O3 produced by dc magnetron sputtering SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE sputtering; oxidation catalysts; XPS; aberration-corrected STEM; gold nanoparticles; CO oxidation; gamma-Al2O3 ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SMALL PARTICLES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; CO OXIDATION; AU CATALYSTS; THIN-FILMS; XPS; DEPOSITION; SUPPORT; REACTIVITIES AB This paper describes a one-step magnetron sputtering technique for the preparation of supported catalyst particles that has a number of advantages over existing methods. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique, a supported gold on gamma-Al2O3 oxidation catalyst has been prepared. This catalyst is as active as catalysts prepared via traditional chemical methods for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (TOF 1.1 conversions/surface Au atom/second at 300 K and 16% CO/8% O-2/He). Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that this technique produces gold nanoparticles in a size range that is claimed in the literature to be most active (about 2 nm). (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM veithgm@ornl.gov RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016 OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178 NR 41 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 231 IS 1 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.12.008 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 917DD UT WOS:000228435300015 ER PT J AU Fanourgakis, GS Apra, E de Jong, WA Xantheas, SS AF Fanourgakis, GS Apra, E de Jong, WA Xantheas, SS TI High-level ab initio calculations for the four low-lying families of minima of(H2O)(20). II. Spectroscopic signatures of the dodecahedron, fused cubes, face-sharing pentagonal prisms, and edge-sharing pentagonal prisms hydrogen bonding networks SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LARGE WATER CLUSTERS; DOUBLE-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSFERABLE INTERACTION MODELS; DIP INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SIZE-SELECTED WATER; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; ICE-I; INTERMOLECULAR VIBRATIONS; SURFACE VIBRATIONS; BINDING-ENERGIES AB We report the first harmonic vibrational spectra for each of the lowest lying isomers within the four major families of minima of (H2O)(20), namely, the dodecahedron, fused cubes, face-sharing pentagonal prisms, and edge-sharing pentagonal prisms. These were obtained at the second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation level of theory (MP2) with the augmented correlation consistent basis set of double zeta quality (aug-cc-pVDZ) at the corresponding minimum energy geometries. The computed infrared (IR) spectra are the first ones obtained from first principles for these clusters. They were found to contain spectral features, which can be directly mapped onto the distinctive spectroscopic signatures of their constituent tetramer, pentamer, and octamer fragments. The dodecahedron spectra show the richest structure in the OH stretching region and are associated with the most redshifted OH vibrations with respect to the monomer. The lowest lying edge-sharing pentagonal prism isomer displays intense IR active vibrations that are redshifted by similar to 600 cm(-1) with respect to the water monomer. Furthermore the most redshifted, IR-active OH stretching vibrations for all four networks correspond to hydrogen bonded OH groups, which exhibit the following two common characteristics: (i) they belong to fragments which have a "free" OH stretch and (ii) they act as donors to a neighboring water molecule along a "dimerlike" (strong) hydrogen bond. The zero-point energy corrected MP2/CBS (complete basis set) limit binding energies D-0 for the four isomers are -163.1 kcal/mol (edge-sharing pentagonal prism), -160.1 kcal/mol (face-sharing pentagonal prism), -157.5 kcal/mol (fused cubes), and -148.1 kcal/mol (dodecahedron). (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xantheas, SS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, MS K1-83, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sotiris.xantheas@pnl.gov RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008; Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010; Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315; Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734; Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 65 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 13 AR 134304 DI 10.1063/1.1864892 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 916MP UT WOS:000228390100016 PM 15847462 ER PT J AU Hehmeyer, OJ Stevens, MJ AF Hehmeyer, OJ Stevens, MJ TI Molecular dynamics simulations of grafted polyelectrolytes on two apposing walls SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; SURFACE FORCES; MONTE-CARLO; CHARGED POLYMERS; DENSITY PROFILE; BRUSHES; ADSORPTION; CHAINS; COPOLYMERS; INTERFACE AB Molecular dynamics simulations of polyelectrolytes grafted to two apposing surfaces were performed. Bead-spring polymer models are used to treat flexible chains [e.g., sodium poly(styrene sulfonate)] and stiff chains (double-stranded DNA). The counterions are explicitly treated. The effect of the surface density of the grafted polymer, the chain length, and the gap width on the structure and the pressure were studied. Results are compared to experimental measurements and to simulations of polyelectrolyte brushes on a single surface. The density profiles exhibit a maximum not found in single surface data. The maximum is due to the brushes shrinking to avoid interpenetration. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hehmeyer, OJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 13 AR 134909 DI 10.1063/1.1871937 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 916MP UT WOS:000228390100058 PM 15847504 ER PT J AU Shkrob, IA Sauer, MC AF Shkrob, IA Sauer, MC TI Photostimulated electron detrapping and the two-state model for electron transport in nonpolar liquids SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID QUASI-BALLISTIC MODEL; GAMMA-IRRADIATED 3-METHYLPENTANE; TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-REACTION RATES; VAPOR COEXISTENCE LINE; ENERGY-LEVEL STRUCTURE; EXCESS ELECTRONS; TRAPPED ELECTRONS; SIMPLE FLUIDS; HALL-MOBILITY AB In common nonpolar liquids, such as saturated hydrocarbons, there is a dynamic equilibrium between trapped (localized) and quasifree (extended) states of the excess electron (the two-state model). Using time-resolved dc conductivity, the effect of 1064 nm laser photoexcitation of trapped electrons on the charge transport has been observed in liquid n-hexane and methylcyclohexane. The light promotes the electron from the trap into the conduction band of the liquid. From the analysis of the two-pulse, two-color photoconductivity data, the residence time of the electrons in traps has been estimated as ca. 8.3 ps for n-hexane and ca. 13 ps for methylcyclohexane (at 295 K). The rate of detrapping decreases at lower temperature with an activation energy of ca. 200 meV (280-320 K); the lifetime-mobility product for quasifree electrons scales linearly with the temperature. We suggest that the properties of trapped electrons in hydrocarbon liquids can be well accounted for using the simple spherical cavity model. The estimated localization time of the quasifree electron is 20-50 fs; both time estimates are in agreement with the "quasiballistic" model. This localization time is significantly lower than the value of 310 +/- 100 fs obtained using time-domain terahertz (THz) spectroscopy for the same system [E. Knoesel, M. Bonn, J. Shan, F. Wang, and T. F. Heinz, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 394 (2004)]. We suggest that the THz signal originates from the oscillations of electron bubbles rather than the free-electron plasma; vibrations of these bubbles may be responsible for the deviations from the Drude behavior observed below 0.4 THz. Various implications of these results are discussed. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shkrob, IA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkrob@anl.gov NR 142 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 13 AR 134503 DI 10.1063/1.1871938 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 916MP UT WOS:000228390100031 PM 15847477 ER PT J AU Tymczak, CJ Challacombe, M AF Tymczak, CJ Challacombe, M TI Linear scaling computation of the Fock matrix. VII. Periodic density functional theory at the Gamma point SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE-CORRELATION MATRIX; AB-INITIO; NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; GAUSSIAN FUNCTIONS; HARTREE-FOCK; ELECTRON; ABINITIO; CRYSTAL; LATTICE AB Linear scaling quantum chemical methods for density functional theory are extended to the condensed phase at the Gamma point. For the two-electron Coulomb matrix, this is achieved with a tree-code algorithm for fast Coulomb summation [M. Challacombe and E. Schwegler, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 5526 (1997)], together with multipole representation of the crystal field [M. Challacombe, C. White, and M. Head-Gordon, J. Chem. Phys. 107, 10131 (1997)]. A periodic version of the hierarchical cubature algorithm [M. Challacombe, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 10037 (2000)], which builds a telescoping adaptive grid for numerical integration of the exchange-correlation matrix, is shown to be efficient when the problem is posed as integration over the unit cell. Commonalities between the Coulomb and exchange-correlation algorithms are discussed, with an emphasis on achieving linear scaling through the use of modern data structures. With these developments, convergence of the Gamma-point supercell approximation to the k-space integration limit is demonstrated for MgO and NaCl. Linear scaling construction of the Fockian and control of error is demonstrated for RBLYP/6-21G(*) diamond up to 512 atoms. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tymczak, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tymczak@lanl.gov NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 13 AR 134102 DI 10.1063/1.1853374 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 916MP UT WOS:000228390100004 PM 15847450 ER PT J AU Weng, L Kavaslar, N Ustaszewska, A Doelle, H Schackwitz, W Hebert, S Cohen, JC McPherson, R Pennacchio, LA AF Weng, L Kavaslar, N Ustaszewska, A Doelle, H Schackwitz, W Hebert, S Cohen, JC McPherson, R Pennacchio, LA TI Lack of MEF2A mutations in coronary artery disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID PREMATURE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEART-DISEASE; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CHROMOSOME-2; SUGGESTS; DEATH; SCAN AB Mutations in MEF2A have been implicated in an autosomal dominant form of coronary artery disease (adCAD1). In this study we sought to determine whether severe mutations in MEF2A might also explain sporadic cases of coronary artery disease (CAD). To do this, we resequenced the coding sequence and splice sites of MEF2A in approximately 300 patients with premature CAD and failed to find causative mutations in the CAD cohort. However, we did identify the 21-bp MEF2A coding sequence deletion originally implicated in adCAD1 in 1 of 300 elderly control subjects without CAD. Further screening of approximately 1,500 additional individuals without CAD revealed 2 more subjects with the MEF2A 21-bp deletion. Genotyping of 19 family members of the 3 probands with the 21-bp deletion in MEF2A revealed that the mutation did not cosegregate with early CAD. These studies support that MEF2A mutations are not a common cause of CAD in white people and argue strongly against a role for the MEF2A 21-bp deletion in autosomal dominant CAD. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. Univ Ottawa, Div Cardiol, Inst Heart, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Univ Ottawa, Inst Heart, Lipoprot & Atherosclerosis Res Grp, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, McDermott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. RP Pennacchio, LA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rmcpherson@ottawaheart.ca; LAPennacchio@lbl.gov NR 29 TC 77 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD APR PY 2005 VL 115 IS 4 BP 1016 EP 1020 DI 10.1172/JCI24186 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 913IU UT WOS:000228145700033 PM 15841183 ER PT J AU Gardner, SN Kuczmarski, TA Zhou, CE Lam, MW Slezak, TR AF Gardner, SN Kuczmarski, TA Zhou, CE Lam, MW Slezak, TR TI System to assess genome sequencing needs for viral protein diagnostics and therapeutics SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B; RNA VIRUSES; EVOLUTION; VACCINE; HIV-1; PCR AB Computational analyses of genome sequences may elucidate protein signatures unique to a target pathogen. We constructed a Protein Signature Pipeline to guide the selection of short peptide sequences to serve as targets for detection and therapeutics. In silico identification of good target peptides that are conserved among strains and unique compared to other species generates a list of peptides. These peptides may be developed in the laboratory as targets of antibody, peptide, and ligand binding for detection assays and therapeutics or as targets for vaccine development. In this paper, we assess how the amount of sequence data affects our ability to identify conserved, unique protein signature candidates. To determine the amount of sequence data required to select good protein signature candidates, we have built a computationally intensive system called the Sequencing Analysis Pipeline (SAP). The SAP performs thousands of Monte Carlo simulations, each calling the Protein Signature Pipeline, to assess how the amount of sequence data for a target organism affects the ability to predict peptide signature candidates. Viral species differ substantially in the number of genomes required to predict protein signature targets. Patterns do not appear based on genome structure. There are more protein than DNA signatures due to greater intraspecific conservation at the protein than at the nucleotide level. We conclude that it is necessary to use the SAP as a dynamic system to assess the need for continued sequencing for each species individually and to update predictions with each additional genome that is sequenced. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Gardner, SN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-174, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gardner26@llnl.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1807 EP 1817 DI 10.1128/JCM.43.4.1807-1817.2005 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 916RS UT WOS:000228404100045 PM 15815002 ER PT J AU Shin, YS Wang, LQ Fryxell, GE Exarhos, GJ AF Shin, YS Wang, LQ Fryxell, GE Exarhos, GJ TI Hygroscopic growth of self-assembled layered surfactant molecules at the interface between air and organic salts SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hygroscopic; self-assembly; surfactant; interface; lamellar ID IONIC LIQUIDS; NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; INTERCALATION; DERIVATIVES; SILICATES; MIXTURES; NMR AB We report here the self-assembly of surfactant molecules at the interface of air and the hygroscopic quaternary ammonium salt tetrabuty-lammonium acetate (TBAAc). Homogeneously dissolved surfactant molecules at 100 degrees C self-assemble upon contacting air due to high moisture adsorption by the organic salt when cooling down. Highly ordered lamellar phases with different lattice spacings have been observed when surfactants with various lengths of alkyl chains were used. C(n)TMAB/TBAAc systems showed all-trans conformation of interior methylene carbons and interdigited bilayers with an average CH2 increment of 0.119 nm, while CnNH2/TBAAc systems showed trans/gauche mixed conformations of interior methylene carbons and bilayers with an average CH2 increment of 0.247 nm. C(n)NH(2)s in CnNH2/TBAAc formed bilayers through water-mediated intermolecular hydrogen bonds with a water layer thickness of 0.51-0.61 nm. In C(n)TAB/TBAAc, as the head group of C(n)TAB is bigger, the interdigited bilayer thickness (d-spacing) is smaller, because the bigger head groups accommodate enough space for alkyl tails to come in between them. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shin, YS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yongsoon.shin@pnl.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 284 IS 1 BP 278 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.10.002 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 908WA UT WOS:000227819700038 PM 15752814 ER PT J AU Lord, DL Demond, AH Hayes, KF AF Lord, DL Demond, AH Hayes, KF TI Comparison of capillary pressure relationships of organic liquid-water systems containing an organic acid or base SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE interfacial tension; wettability; partitioning; capillary pressure; surfactant; nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) ID SUBSURFACE TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; OIL SYSTEMS; SATURATION RELATIONSHIPS; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; CONTACT ANGLES; MECHANISMS; SURFACTANTS; WETTABILITY; BEHAVIOR AB The presence of surface-active solutes such as organic acids and bases may have a profound influence on the transport of organic liquid contaminants through their impact on the constitutive relationship of capillary pressure vs. saturation. This relationship is a function of the interfacial tension and wettability of the system, which, in turn, depend on the pH and the concentration of organic acids and bases that are present. This study examines the impact of pH and the concentration on the interfacial tension, contact angle, and capillary pressure of systems consisting of tetrachloroethylene, water, and quartz containing either octanoic acid or dodecylamine. In general, the ionic form of the solute tended to remain in the aqueous phase and reduced the capillary pressure through its impact on the interfacial tension and contact angle, on the other hand, the neutral form of the solute partitioned into the organic liquid phase and had a lesser impact on the capillary pressure for the same total mass of solute. A comparison of these data with data generated in previous research in similar systems where o-xylene was the organic liquid showed that the trends are analogous. Thus, the behavior of these two solvent systems seems to be driven primarily by the aqueous phase speciation of the solute, and the differences between the capillary pressure relationships for the two systems could be attributed to the pure system interfacial tension. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Demond, AH (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM averyd@engin.umich.edu NR 31 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 77 IS 3 BP 195 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.01.001 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 913JF UT WOS:000228147000003 PM 15763355 ER PT J AU Sonnenthal, E Xu, TF Bodvarsson, G AF Sonnenthal, E Xu, TF Bodvarsson, G TI Reply to "Commentary: Assessment of past infiltration fluxes through Yucca Mountain on the basis of the secondary mineral record - is it a viable methodology?", by Y.V Dublyansky and S.Z. Smirnov SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Yucca mountain; calcite precipitation; thermal boundary conditions; infiltration rate; reactive transport modeling ID STABLE-ISOTOPE EVIDENCE; UNSATURATED-ZONE; NEVADA; CALCITE; SILICA; TRANSPORT AB Xu et a]. (2003) [Xu, T., Sonnenthal, E., Bodvarsson, G., 2003. A reaction-transport model for calcite precipitation and evaluation of infiltration-percolation fluxes in unsaturated fractured rock. J. Contam. Hydrol., 64, 113-127.] presented results of a reaction-transport model for calcite deposition in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, and compared the model results to measured abundances in core from a surface-based borehole. Marshall et al. (2003) [Marshall, B.D., Neymark, L.A., Peterman, Z.E., 2003. Estimation of past seepage volumes from calcite distribution in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada. J. Contam. Hydrol., 62-63, 237-247.] used the calcite distribution in the Topopah Spring Tuff to estimate past seepage into lithophysal cavities as an analog for seepage into the potential repository waste emplacement drifts at Yucca Mountain in southern Nevada (USA). Dublyansky and Smirnov (2005) [Dublyansky, Y.V., Smirnov, S.Z., 2005. Commentary: assessment of past infiltration fluxes through Yucca mountain on the basis of the secondary mineral record-is it a viable methodology? J. Contam. Hydrol. (this issue).] wrote a commentary paper to Marshall et al. (2003) [Marshall, B.D., Neymark, L.A., Peterman, Z.E., 2003. Estimation of past seepage volumes from calcite distribution in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada. J. Contam. Hydrol., 62-63, 237-247.] and Xu et al. (2003) [Xu, T., Sonnenthal, E., Bodvarsson, G., 2003. A reaction-transport model for calcite precipitation and evaluation of infiltration-percolation fluxes in unsaturated fractured rock. J. Contain. Hydrol., 64, 113-127.], containing two points: (1) questionable phenomenological model for the secondary mineral deposits and (2) inappropriate thermal boundary conditions. In this reply we address primarily the modeling approach by showing results of a sensitivity simulation regarding the effect of an elevated temperature history that approximates the temperature history inferred from fluid inclusions by Wilson et al. (2003) [Wilson, N.S.F., Cline, J.S., Amelin, Y.V., 2003. Origin, timing, and temperature of secondary calcite-silica mineral formation at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67 (6), 1145-1184.]. Modeled calcite abundances using the time-varying temperature history are similar to the results for the steady-state ambient temperature profile (Xu, T, Sonnenthal, E., Bodvarsson, G., 2003. A reaction-transport model for calcite precipitation and evaluation of infiltration-percolation fluxes in unsaturated fractured rock. J. Contain. Hydrol., 64, 113-127), and are still consistent with the measured abundances at the proposed repository horizon. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, TF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Tianfu_Xu@lbl.gov RI Sonnenthal, Eric/A-4336-2009 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 77 IS 3 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.01.005 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 913JF UT WOS:000228147000006 ER PT J AU Strigari, LE Beacom, JF Walker, TP Zhang, P AF Strigari, LE Beacom, JF Walker, TP Zhang, P TI The concordance cosmic star formation rate: implications from and for the supernova neutrino and gamma ray backgrounds SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE supernova neutrinos; neutrino and gamma astronomy; cosmological neutrinos; star formation ID GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY; LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES; FORMATION HISTORY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; RELIC NEUTRINOS; DARK-MATTER; DEEP FIELDS; X-RAY; IA; CONSTRAINTS AB We constrain the cosmic star formation rate (CSFR) by requiring that massive stars produce the observed UV, optical, and IR light and at the same time not overproduce the diffuse supernova neutrino background as bounded by Super-Kamiokande. With the massive star component so constrained we then show that a reasonable choice of stellar initial mass function and other parameters results in SNIa rates and iron yields in good agreement with data. In this way we define a 'concordance' CSFR that predicts the optical SNII rate and the SNIa contribution to the MeV cosmic gamma ray background. The CSFR constrained to reproduce these and other proxies of intermediate and massive star formation is more clearly delineated than if it were measured by any one technique and has the following testable consequences: ( 1) SNIa contribute only a small fraction of the MeV cosmic gamma ray background, ( 2) massive star core collapse is nearly always accompanied by a successful optical SNII, and ( 3) the diffuse supernova neutrino background is tantalizingly close to detectability. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Strigari, LE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM strigari@mps.ohio-state.edu; beacom@mps.ohio-state.edu; twalker@mps.ohio-state.edu; zhangpj@fnal.gov RI ZHANG, PENGJIE/O-2825-2015; OI Strigari, Louis/0000-0001-5672-6079; Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 NR 101 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 IS 4 AR 017 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2005/04/017 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 923TP UT WOS:000228932500002 ER PT J AU Staninec, M Nalla, RK Hilton, JF Ritchie, RO Watanabe, LG Nonomura, G Marshall, GW Marshall, SJ AF Staninec, M Nalla, RK Hilton, JF Ritchie, RO Watanabe, LG Nonomura, G Marshall, GW Marshall, SJ TI Dentin erosion simulation by cantilever beam fatigue and pH change SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dentin; erosion; fatigue; pH; abfraction ID NONCARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; TEETH AB Exposed root surfaces frequently exhibit non-carious notches representing material loss by abrasion, erosion, and/or abfraction. Although a contribution from mechanical stress is often mentioned, no definitive proof exists of a cause-effect relationship. To address this, we examined dimensional changes in dentin subjected to cyclic fatigue in two different pH environments. Human dentin cantilever-beams were fatigued under load control in pH = 6 ( n = 13) or pH = 7 ( n = 13) buffer, with a load ratio ( R = minimum load/maximum load) of 0.1 and frequency of 2 Hz, and stresses between 5.5 and 55 MPa. Material loss was measured at high- and low-stress locations before and after cycling. Of the 23 beams, 7 withstood 1,000,000 cycles; others cracked earlier. Mean material loss in high- stress areas was greater than in low-stress areas, and losses were greater at pH = 6 than at pH = 7, suggesting that mechanical stress and lower pH both accelerate erosion of dentin surfaces. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Dent, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Staninec, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Dent, Box 0758, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM stanin@itsa.ucsf.edu RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01DE09859] NR 15 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3406 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 84 IS 4 BP 371 EP 375 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 916BH UT WOS:000228357600015 PM 15790746 ER PT J AU Manivannan, A Ramakrishnan, L Seehra, MS Granite, E Butler, JE Tryk, DA Fujishima, A AF Manivannan, A Ramakrishnan, L Seehra, MS Granite, E Butler, JE Tryk, DA Fujishima, A TI Mercury detection at boron doped diamond electrodes using a rotating disk technique SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE boron-doped diamond; differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry; mercury detection ID THIN-FILM ELECTRODES; ANODIC-STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; CARBON-PASTE ELECTRODES; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; IONIC MERCURY; SURFACE; LEAD; SPECTROMETRY; DEPOSITION; PLATINUM AB Quantification of mercury ions at the ppt level is reported using highly boron-doped diamond (BDD) film electrodes by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The DPV experiments were performed in nitrate, thiocyanate and chloride media. Investigation in chloride medium is important since practical samples usually contain chloride impurities. The formation of calomel in a chloride medium on the BDD surface is avoided by the co-deposition of purposely-added gold (3 ppm) during DPV detection. Excellent linear calibration plots have been obtained in all media for ppb ranges. Mercury in the 0.005-50 ppb range has been detected using a rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique in real samples (KCI impinger solutions) prepared from flue gas released by a pilot-scale coal-fired combustion facility. A portable instrument has also been used for the detection of mercury efficiently. These studies have demonstrated that BDD mounted in an RDE system together with gold co-deposition is able to detect mercury with sufficient sensitivity for practical analysis of environmental samples. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. Kanagawa Acad Sci & Technol, Takatsu Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2130012, Japan. RP Manivannan, A (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, POB 6315,Hodges Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM amanivan@wvu.edu RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Manivannan, Ayyakkannu/A-2227-2012; Tryk, Donald/D-5931-2012; Fujishima, Akira/G-7701-2012 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Manivannan, Ayyakkannu/0000-0003-0676-7918; Tryk, Donald/0000-0003-4660-9674; NR 45 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 577 IS 2 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.12.006 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 911UF UT WOS:000228030100013 ER PT J AU Wang, HX Peng, G Cramer, SP AF Wang, HX Peng, G Cramer, SP TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological photolysis products: kilohertz photolysis and soft X-ray applications SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE biological photolysis; LFIR; hard X-ray/soft X-ray measurements ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; TRANSITION-METAL COMPOUNDS; CARBONMONOXY-MYOGLOBIN; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; BIOINORGANIC SYSTEMS; LASER PHOTOLYSIS; IRON COMPLEXES; HEME-PROTEINS; 193 NM; SPECTRA AB In this study, we report the first kilohertz laser photolysis of carbonmonoxy myoglobin (MbCO), studied by hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS, iron K-edge at similar to 7 keV). In addition, traditional frozen photolysis of MbCO has also been evaluated, alternatively, with soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (iron L-edge at < 1 keV). Changes in the K absorption edge position, the pre-K 1s-3d feature and the K-edge XANES spectra have been clearly observed following the photodissociation of MbCO, which shows the structural/electronic changes in between MbCO and its photolysis product Mb*CO, and demonstrates the advanced capacities of our apparatus in monitoring and/or characterizing biological photolysis products. On the other hand, the iron L-edge XAS have shown clearer differences (than K-edge XAS) on the electronic information between the bound MbCO and the photolyzed Mb*CO. The results from these two approaches have been compared and discussed. Practical issues related to the use of kilohertz laser with biological samples, and with synchrotron radiation beamlines, have also been discussed. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, HX (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. EM hongxin@popper.lbl.gov NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD APR PY 2005 VL 143 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.10.011 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 913KS UT WOS:000228151100001 ER PT J AU Mohney, S Stahlbush, R Allerman, A AF Mohney, S Stahlbush, R Allerman, A TI Special issue on SiC and the group III nitride semiconductors - Foreword SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mohney, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 319 EP 319 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0102-9 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 919QP UT WOS:000228633000001 ER PT J AU Huynh, MHV Hiskey, MA Chavez, DE Gilardi, RD AF Huynh, MHV Hiskey, MA Chavez, DE Gilardi, RD TI Preparation, characterization, and properties of 7-nitrotetrazolo [1,5-f]furazano[4,5-b]pyridine 1-oxide SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE azido-tetrazolo tautomerism; azido-nitro nitrogen heterocycles; high-nitrogen materials; synthesis; characterization; properties ID AMINO-ACIDS; SPECTROSCOPY; DERIVATIVES; BRAIN; NMR AB The synthesis, characterization, and properties of 7-nitrotetrazolo[ 1,5-f] furazano[4,5-b] pyridine 1-oxide (NFP) are reported. NFP is prepared by the diazotization of 3,6-di(hydrazino)-3,5-di( nitro) pyridine followed by the extrusion of molecular dinitrogen and ring closure. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. USN, Struct Matter Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huynh, MHV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Dynam Grp DX2, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM huynh@lanl.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD APR-JUN PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1080/07370650590936424 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 962FI UT WOS:000231716000003 ER PT J AU Siddiqui, AS Marnay, C Edwards, JL Firestone, R Ghosh, S Stadler, M AF Siddiqui, AS Marnay, C Edwards, JL Firestone, R Ghosh, S Stadler, M TI Effects of carbon tax on microgrid combined heat and power adoption SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB This paper describes the economically optimal adoption and operation of distributed energy resources (DER) by a hypothetical California microgrid (mu Grid) consisting of a group of commercial buildings over an historical test year, 1999. The optimization is conducted using a customer adoption model developed at Berkeley Lab and implemented in the General Algebraic Modeling System. A mu Grid is a semiautonomous grouping of electricity and heat loads interconnected with the existing utility grid (macrogrid) but able to island from it. The mu Grid minimizes the cost of meeting its energy requirements (consisting of both electricity and heat loads) by optimizing the installation and operation of DER technologies while purchasing residual energy from the local combined natural gas and electricity utility. The available DER technologies are small-scale generators (< 500 kW), such as reciprocating engines, microturbines, and fuel cells, with or without combined heat and power (CHP) equipment, such as water and space heating and/or absorption cooling. By introducing a tax on carbon emissions, it is shown that if the mu Grid is allowed to install CHP-enabled DER technologies, its carbon emissions are mitigated more than without CHP, demonstrating the potential benefits of small-scale CHP technology for climate change mitigation. Reciprocating engines with heat recovery and/or absorption cooling tend to be attractive technologies for the mild southern California climate, but the carbon mitigation tends to be modest compared to purchasing utility electricity because of the predominance of relatively clean central station generation in California. C1 Univ Coll Dublin, Grad Sch Business Banking & Finance, Dublin 2, Ireland. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Silicon Storage Technol Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. Vienna Tech Univ, Energy Econ Grp, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Siddiqui, AS (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Grad Sch Business Banking & Finance, Dublin 2, Ireland. EM afzal.siddiqui@ucd.ie; c-marnay@lbl.gov; jledwards@lbl.gov; rmfirestone@lbl.gov; sghosh@sst.com; stadler@eeg.tuwien.ac.at NR 8 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 14 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9402 J9 J ENERG ENG-ASCE JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2005 VL 131 IS 1 BP 2 EP 25 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2005)131:1(2) PG 24 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 915KL UT WOS:000228303000002 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, RM Germanidis, G Powers, KA Pellegrin, B Arvanitakis, K Perelson, AS Pawlotsky, JM AF Ribeiro, RM Germanidis, G Powers, KA Pellegrin, B Arvanitakis, K Perelson, AS Pawlotsky, JM TI Hepatitis B viral kinetics under different approved antiviral treatment regimens in HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B explain treatment antiviral mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 40th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY APR 13-17, 2005 CL Paris, FRANCE C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Papageorgiou Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Thessaloniki, Greece. Hop Henri Mondor, INSERM,Hop Henri Mondor, Dept Virol, U635, F-94010 Creteil, France. Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 42 SU 2 MA 526 BP 191 EP 191 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 925AN UT WOS:000229024000526 ER PT J AU Boon, EM Marletta, MA AF Boon, EM Marletta, MA TI Ligand specificity of H-NOX domains: from sGC to bacterial NO sensors SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE H-NOX; heme sensor; sGC; NO signaling; NO binding; O-2 signaling; O-2 binding; ligand discrimination; H-NOB; SONO ID SOLUBLE GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; NITRIC-OXIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CARBON-MONOXIDE; BOVINE LUNG; RESONANCE RAMAN; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; MYOCARDIAL-FUNCTION; PROTOPORPHYRIN-IX; DISTAL HISTIDINE AB Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is a nitric oxide (NO) sensing hemoprotein that has been found in eukaryotes from Drosophila to humans. Prokaryotic proteins with significant homology to the heme domain of sGC have recently been identified through genomic analysis. This family of heme proteins has been named the H-NOX domain, for Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen binding domain. The key observation from initial studies in this family is that some members, those proteins from most eukaryotes and facultative aerobic prokaryotes, bind NO in a five-coordinate heme complex, but do not bind oxygen (O-2), the same ligand binding characteristics as sGC. H-NOX family members from obligate aerobic prokaryotes bind O-2 and NO in six-coordinate complexes, similar to the globins and other O-2-sensing heme proteins. The molecular factors that contribute to these differences in ligand specificity, within a family of sequence related proteins, are the subject of this review. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. RP Marletta, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. EM marletta@berkeley.edu OI Boon, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1891-839X NR 81 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0162-0134 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 99 IS 4 BP 892 EP 902 DI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.12.016 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 919IH UT WOS:000228611200002 PM 15811506 ER PT J AU Mukoyama, Y Zhou, SX Miyachi, Y Matsuyoshi, N AF Mukoyama, Y Zhou, SX Miyachi, Y Matsuyoshi, N TI T-cadherin negatively regulates the proliferation of cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aggregation; keratinocyte; migration; transfection ID H-CADHERIN; P-CADHERIN; ADHESION MOLECULES; HUMAN-SKIN; EXPRESSION; CANCER; REGION; CDH13; MORPHOGENESIS; METHYLATION AB T-cadherin is a unique member of the cadherin superfamily that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, and is instead linked to the cell membrane via a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor. We previously reported that T-cadherin was specifically expressed on the basal keratinocytes of the epidermis, and the expression of T-cadherin was significantly reduced in invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and in the lesional skin of psoriasis vulgaris. In this study, to obtain an insight into the role of T-cadherin in keratinocytes, we used transfection methods and examined the effect of overexpression or knockdown of T-cadherin in immortalized keratinocyte cell lines derived from SCC. T-cadherin overexpressed cells showed clearly reduced cell proliferation, but the influence of cell-cell adhesiveness and cell mobility was not detected. Using a tetracycline-regulated expression system, we also confirmed that the suppression of cell proliferation was dependent on the expression level of T-cadherin. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that over expression of T-cadherin induced a delay in the G(2)/M phase. Our findings suggest that T-cadherin acts as an endogenous negative regulator of keratinocyte proliferation and its inactivation is the cause for keratinocyte hyperproliferation in SCC or in psoriasis vulgaris. C1 Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068317, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Matsuyoshi, N (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Sakyo Ku, 54 Kawahara Cho, Kyoto 6068317, Japan. EM nori@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp NR 32 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 124 IS 4 BP 833 EP 838 DI 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23660.x PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 908GY UT WOS:000227776700023 PM 15816843 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Das, S Carpenter, D Sundberg, J Michaud, E Voy, BH AF Liu, Y Das, S Carpenter, D Sundberg, J Michaud, E Voy, BH TI Molecular mechanisms for the rhino-like phenotype: a new allele of the mouse hairless gene SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY MAY 04-07, 2005 CL St Louis, MO SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 124 IS 4 SU S MA 603 BP A101 EP A101 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 913UT UT WOS:000228179901146 ER PT J AU Mentzer, S Sandberg, J Awgulewitsch, A Carpenter, D Johnson, D Rinchik, E You, Y AF Mentzer, S Sandberg, J Awgulewitsch, A Carpenter, D Johnson, D Rinchik, E You, Y TI Analysis of mouse hairy ears and koala mutations indicates that homeobox C genes are important in hair development SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY MAY 04-07, 2005 CL St Louis, MO SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 124 IS 4 SU S MA 644 BP A108 EP A108 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 913UT UT WOS:000228179901190 ER PT J AU Herth, MM Thorpe, MR Ferrieri, RA AF Herth, MM Thorpe, MR Ferrieri, RA TI Synthesis of the phytohormone [C-11]methyl jasmonate via methylation on a C-18 Sep Pak(TM) cartridge SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE solid-supported C-11-methylation; [C-11]methyl jasmonate; C-11-labeled phytohormone ID VEGETATIVE STORAGE PROTEIN; BRYONIA-DIOICA JACQ; JASMONIC ACID; POPULUS; ACCUMULATION; ALLOCATION; RESPONSES; DEFENSE; GROWTH; PLANTS AB [C-11]labeled (+/-)-methyl jasmonate was synthesized using a C-18 Sep Pak (TM) at similar to 100 degrees C to sustain a solid-supported C-11-methylation reaction of sodium (+/-)jasmonate using [C-11]methyl iodide. After reaction, the Sep Pak was rinsed with acetone to elute the labeled product, and the solvent evaporated rendering [C-11]-(+/-)methyl jasmonate at 96% radiochemical purity. The substrate, (+/-)-jasmonic acid, Was retained on the Sep Pak so further chromatography was unnecessary. Total synthesis time was 25 min from the end of bombardment (EOB) which included 15 min to generate [C-11]methyl iodide using the GE Medical Systems PET Trace Mel system, 5 min for reaction and extraction from the cartridge, and 5 min to reformulate the product for plant administration. An overall radiochemical yield (at EOB) of 17 +/- 4.3% was obtained by this process, typically producing 10 mCi of purified radiotracer. A specific activity of 0.5 Ci/mu mol was achieved using a short 3 min cyclotron beam to produce the starting C-11. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Mainz, Fachbereich Chem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Ferrieri, RA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rferrieri@bnl.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD APR PY 2005 VL 48 IS 5 BP 379 EP 386 DI 10.1002/jlcr.933 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 921AM UT WOS:000228736600008 ER PT J AU Koshelev, AE AF Koshelev, AE TI Tilted and crossing vortex chains in layered superconductors SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Vortex Dynamics in Superconductors and Other Complex Systems CY SEP 13-17, 2004 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO ID LOCK-IN TRANSITION; ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTICES; LINE; ORIENTATIONS; COEXISTENCE; LATTICES; STATES; FIELD AB In presence of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered superconductors, small c-axis magnetic field penetrates in the form of vortex chains. In general, structure of a single chain is determined by the ratio of the London [λ] and Josephson [λ(J)] lengths, α =λ/λ(J). The chain is composed of tilted vortices at large α's ( tilted chain) and at small α's it consists of crossing array of Josephson vortices and pancake-vortex stacks ( crossing chain). We study chain structures at the intermediate α's and found two types of phase transitions. For α &LSIM; 0.6 the ground state is given by the crossing chain in a wide range of pancake separations a &GSIM; [ 2- 3]λ(J). However, due to attractive coupling between deformed pancake stacks, the equilibrium separation can not exceed some maximum value depending on the in-plane field and α. The first phase transition takes place with decreasing pancake-stack separation a at a = [ 1 - 2]λ(J), and rather wide range of the ratio α, 0.4 &LSIM; α &LSIM; 0.65. With decreasing a, the crossing chain goes through intermediate strongly-deformed configurations and smoothly transforms into the tilted chain via the second-order phase transition. Another phase transition occurs at very small densities of pancake vortices, a &SIM; [ 20- 30]λ(J), and only when α exceeds a certain critical value &SIM; 0.5. In this case small c-axis field penetrates in the form of kinks. However, at very small concentration of kinks, the kinked chains are replaced with strongly deformed crossing chains via the first-order phase transition. This transition is accompanied by a very large jump in the pancake density. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koshelev, AE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM koshelev@msd.anl.gov RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 139 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s10909-005-3917-0 PG 15 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 922QW UT WOS:000228853900012 ER PT J AU Zhukov, AA Filby, ET Goncharov, AV Ghanem, MA Bartlett, PN Boardman, R Fangohr, H Metlushko, VV Novosad, V Karapetrov, G de Groot, PAJ AF Zhukov, AA Filby, ET Goncharov, AV Ghanem, MA Bartlett, PN Boardman, R Fangohr, H Metlushko, VV Novosad, V Karapetrov, G de Groot, PAJ TI Self-assembly routes towards creating superconducting and magnetic arrays SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Vortex Dynamics in Superconductors and Other Complex Systems CY SEP 13-17, 2004 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO ID TEMPLATE METHODS; PARTICLES; COERCIVITY; NANODOTS AB Using self-assembly from colloidal suspensions of polystyrene latex spheres we prepared well-ordered templates. By electrochemical deposition of magnetic and superconducting metals in the pores of such templates highly ordered magnetic and superconducting anti-dot nano-structures with 3D architectures were created. Further developments of this template preparation method allow us to obtain dot arrays and even more complicated structures. In magnetic anti-dot arrays we observe a large increase in coercive field produced by nanoscale (50-1000nm) holes. We also find the coercive field to demonstrate an oscillatory dependence on film thickness. In magnetic dot arrays we have explored the genesis of 3D magnetic vortices and determined the critical dot size. Superconducting Pb anti-dot arrays show pronounced Little-Parks oscillations in Tc and matching effects in magnetization and magnetic susceptibility. The spherical shape of the holes results in significantly reduced pinning strength as compared to standard lithographic samples. Our results demonstrate that self-assembly template methods are emerging as a viable, low cost route to prepare sub-micron structures. C1 Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Univ Southampton, Sch Chem, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Univ Southampton, Sch Engn Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhukov, AA (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. EM aaz@phys.soton.ac.uk RI Bartlett, Philip/C-4606-2008; Ghanem, Mohamed /C-3757-2009; Fangohr, Hans/C-6367-2008; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Zhukov, Alexander/E-1331-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008 OI Bartlett, Philip/0000-0002-7300-6900; Ghanem, Mohamed /0000-0003-2866-9016; Fangohr, Hans/0000-0001-5494-7193; Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 139 IS 1-2 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1007/s10909-005-3936-x PG 11 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 922QW UT WOS:000228853900031 ER PT J AU Wu, T Mitchell, JF AF Wu, T Mitchell, JF TI Spontaneous sharp metamagnetic transition in manganite films: influences of post-deposition annealing and measurement protocol SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE manganites; CMR; metamagnetic transition; oxide thin film; phase separation ID SUBSTRATE-INDUCED STRAIN; THIN-FILMS; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; PHASE-SEPARATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; CHARGE AB We report a detailed study of magnetic field-induced steplike metamagnetic transitions at 2K in phase separated Pr-0.65(CaySr1-y)(0.35)MnO3 (0.7 <= y <= 0.8) compounds, in the form of both polycrystalline pellets and films. Epitaxial films of Pr-0.65(CaySr1-y)(0.35)MnO3 PCSMO with thickness ranging from 100 to 7000 angstrom have been grown on (001) LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and their magnetic properties have been studied systematically. By comparing as-grown and annealed films, we find that the post-deposition annealing plays an important role in the synthesis and properties of manganite films. In particular, it releases strain and changes the microstructure, and we also argue that it changes the chemical homogeneity of the specimens. All of these factors impact the phenomenology of the sharp magnetization steps in PCSMO films. With a quick sweep of magnetic field, the magnetization steps occur only in thicker films (> 0.5 mu m) with y = 0.8. However, by modifying the measurement protocol, we demonstrate that the steps absent in other films can be recovered. We interpret this behavior to signify a dynamic self-organization of martensitic accommodation strain, consistent with the previously proposed martensitic-like scenario of the magnetization steps in bulk samples. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tomwu@anl.gov RI Wu, Tom/A-1158-2012 OI Wu, Tom/0000-0003-0845-4827 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 EI 1873-4766 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 292 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.09.146 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KY UT WOS:000228838000004 ER PT J AU McCallum, RW AF McCallum, RW TI Determination of the saturation magnetization, anisotropy field, mean field interaction, and switching field distribution for nanocrystalline hard magnets SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE permanent magnets; high coercivity materials; magnetization curves; nanocrystalline materials AB For a uniaxial nanocrystalline magnetic material, the determination of the saturation magnetization, M-s, requires measurements of the magnetization at fields which exceed the anisotropy field. For a typical RE-Tm compound, where RE = rare earth and Tm = transition metal, this may require fields above 7 T if the approach to saturation law is used. However for ail isotropic material composed of a random distribution of non-interacting uniaxial grains, both M-s and the anisotropy filed, H-a, may be determined by fitting the Stoner-Wohlfarth (SW) model (Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. 240 (1948) 599) to the reversible part of the demagnetization curve in the first quadrant. Furthermore, using the mean field interaction model of Callen, Liu and Cullen [2], a quantitative measure of the interaction strength for interacting particles may be determined. In conjunction with an analytical fit to the first quadrant demagnetization curve of the SW model, this allows M-s, H-a and the mean field interaction constant of a nanocrystalline magnet to be determined from measurements below 5T. Furthermore, comparison of the model solution for the reversible magnetization with experimental data in the 2nd and 3rd quadrants allows the accurate determination of the switching field distribution. In many cases the hysteresis loop may be accurately described by a normal distribution of switching fields. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP McCallum, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. EM mccallum@ameslab.gov NR 8 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 292 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.10.105 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KY UT WOS:000228838000018 ER PT J AU Spangenberg, M Neal, JR Shen, TH Morton, SA Tobin, JG Waddill, GD Matthew, JAD Greig, D Malins, AER Seddon, EA Hopkinson, M AF Spangenberg, M Neal, JR Shen, TH Morton, SA Tobin, JG Waddill, GD Matthew, JAD Greig, D Malins, AER Seddon, EA Hopkinson, M TI Observation of a low Curie temperature ferromagnetic phase of ultrathin epitaxial Fe films on GaAs(001) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magnetic linear dichroism; core level photoelectrons; ultra thin magnetic films; epitaxial Fe/GaAs; Curie temperature ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; RESOLVED PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; MAGNETIC DICHROISM; SEMICONDUCTOR; INTERFACE; GAAS; IRON AB The magnetic properties of epitaxial Fe films on GaAs in the range of the first few monolayers have been the subject of a considerable number of investigations in recent years. The absence of magnetic signatures at room temperature has been attributed to the existence of a magnetic 'dead' layer as well as superparamagnetism. By examining the temperature dependence of the magnetic linear dichroism of the Fe core level photoelectrons, we found a ferromagnetic regime with a Curie temperature, T-c substantially lower than room temperature, e.g., a T-c of about 240 K for thin films of a nominal thickness of 0.9 nm. The values of Curie temperature were sensitive to the initial GaAs substrate conditions and the thickness of the Fe over-layer with a layer of thickness of 1.25 nm showing a T-c above room temperature. The data suggest that the thin Fe films on GaAs(0 0 1) may have ferromagnetic character at an earlier stage of growth than previously expected, although a weaker exchange interaction in the films leads to a substantial reduction in Curie temperature. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Salford, Inst Mat Res, Joule Phys Lab, Salford M5 4WT, Lancs, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Leeds, Dept Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Daresbury Lab, CLRC, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Sheffield, EPSRC Natl Ctr III V Technol, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England. RP Shen, TH (reprint author), Univ Salford, Inst Mat Res, Joule Phys Lab, Salford M5 4WT, Lancs, England. EM t.shen@salford.ac.uk RI Hopkinson, Mark/H-8239-2012; Tobin, James/O-6953-2015; OI Hopkinson, Mark/0000-0002-8097-6913 NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 292 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.10.117 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KY UT WOS:000228838000031 ER PT J AU Biagioni, P Brambilla, A Portalupi, M Rougemaille, N Schmid, AK Lanzara, A Vavassori, P Zani, M Finazzi, M Duo, L Ciccacci, F AF Biagioni, P Brambilla, A Portalupi, M Rougemaille, N Schmid, AK Lanzara, A Vavassori, P Zani, M Finazzi, M Duo, L Ciccacci, F TI Magnetic properties of Fe/NiO/Fe(001) trilayers SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE exchange coupling-interlayer; magnetization-reversal; thin films-trilayer ID FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS; FILMS AB We have investigated the magnetic properties of epitaxially grown Fe/NiO/Fe(0 0 1) trilayers, for different thicknesses of the NiO spacer. Magneto Optical Kerr Effect has been exploited to study the in-plane magnetization reversal processes in the iron layers. We found that the NiO thickness t(AFM) has a critical value t(C) for the magnetic coupling between the Fe layers: for t(AFM) < t(C) the magnetization directions align perpendicularly, with zero applied field, while the alignment is collinear for thicker spacers. A phenomenological model has been developed to reproduce and discuss the results. Complementary information has been obtained by means of spin polarized low energy electron microscopy. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Politecn Milan, INFM, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Ferrara, INFM, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. RP Biagioni, P (reprint author), Politecn Milan, INFM, Dipartimento Fis, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM paolo.biagioni@polimi.it RI Zani, Maurizio/F-4358-2010; Biagioni, Paolo/A-9940-2011; Brambilla, Alberto/A-4393-2012; ciccacci, franco/N-9392-2013; Duo, Lamberto/N-9311-2014; Finazzi, Marco/M-7401-2015; Vavassori, Paolo/B-4299-2014 OI Zani, Maurizio/0000-0001-7960-3362; Biagioni, Paolo/0000-0003-4272-7040; Brambilla, Alberto/0000-0002-5593-317X; ciccacci, franco/0000-0002-1131-4748; Finazzi, Marco/0000-0002-9197-3654; Vavassori, Paolo/0000-0002-4735-6640 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 EI 1873-4766 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 290 SI SI BP 153 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.170 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KU UT WOS:000228837600034 ER PT J AU Kroll, T Klingeler, R Geck, J Buchner, B Selke, W Hucker, M Gukasov, A AF Kroll, T Klingeler, R Geck, J Buchner, B Selke, W Hucker, M Gukasov, A TI Magnetism of low-doped spin chains in La-x(Sr, Ca)(14-x)Cu24O41 SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint European Magnetic Symposia (JEMS 04) CY SEP 05-10, 2004 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE low-dimensional systems; magnetic susceptibility; Monte Carlo simulation; antiferromagnetism-quantum ID SUPEREXCHANGE; SR14CU24O41; DYNAMICS AB We present magnetization data of La-x(Ca, Sr)(14-x)Cu24O41 (x >= 5) in high magnetic fields up to 16T. The data reflect the magnetic response of lightly doped CuO2 spin chains containing <= 10% non-magnetic holes. Our data correspond to a strongly anisotropic magnetic phase diagram. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we present and analyse a two-dimensional Ising model with mobile holes, describing the experimental observations qualitatively. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 IFW Dresden, Inst Festkorper & Werkstoffkunde, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CEA Saclay, Leon Brillouin Lab, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Kroll, T (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Festkorper & Werkstoffkunde, POB 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. EM t.kroll@ifw-dresden.de RI Kroll, Thomas/D-3636-2009; Selke, Walter/K-2628-2012; Klingeler, Rudiger/E-5941-2010; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Selke, Walter/0000-0003-4492-8217; Klingeler, Rudiger/0000-0002-8816-9614; Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 290 SI SI BP 306 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.205 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KU UT WOS:000228837600074 ER PT J AU Mito, T Shimoide, M Koyama, T Nakamura, M Wada, S Reiffers, M Idzikowski, B Sarrao, JL Kobarashi, TC AF Mito, T Shimoide, M Koyama, T Nakamura, M Wada, S Reiffers, M Idzikowski, B Sarrao, JL Kobarashi, TC TI Pressure effect on the magnetic properties in YbXCu4 (X = In and Cu) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint European Magnetic Symposia (JEMS 04) CY SEP 05-10, 2004 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE high pressure; NMR; valence transitions; heavy-fermion compounds ID VALENCE PHASE-TRANSITION; YBXIN1-XCU2; YBCU5 AB The pressure-induced magnetic ordering recently found in YblnCu(4) has been confirmed by the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurement under pressure above Pc similar to 2.45 GPa. The obtained results indicate that the transition between a well-localized phase at high temperature and a valence fluctuating Fermi liquid state at low temperature is of the first-order up to the critical pressure of Pc. We also report the results of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on YbCu5 with the cubic structure prepared by melt spinning technique. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. RP Mito, T (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, 1-1,Rokkadai Cho, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. EM mito@kobe-u.ac.jp NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 290 SI SI BP 405 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.486 PN 1 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KU UT WOS:000228837600099 ER PT J AU Crew, DC Stamps, RL Liu, HY Wang, ZK Kuok, MH Ng, SC Barmak, K Kim, J Lewis, LH AF Crew, DC Stamps, RL Liu, HY Wang, ZK Kuok, MH Ng, SC Barmak, K Kim, J Lewis, LH TI Light scattering from spin wave excitations in a Co/CoPt exchange spring SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint European Magnetic Symposia (JEMS 04) CY SEP 05-10, 2004 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE spin waves; light scattering-brillouin; thin films-bilayer; exchange coupling-thin films ID FERROMAGNETIC-FILMS AB We have developed a theory of Brillouin light scattering (BLS) from spin wave excitations in non-collinear magnetisation structures. We compare the results of calculated spectra for scattering from the spiral state found in exchange-coupled hard/soft CoPt/Co bilayers during reversal with experimental data. Both the Stokes/anti-Stokes peak intensity ratio is described, as well as the asymmetry in peak frequency between the Stokes and anti-Stokes spectra. It is shown that the frequency asymmetry arises naturally in the presence of a spin spiral structure. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys M013, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Data Storage Syst Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crew, DC (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys M013, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. EM dcrew@physics.uwa.edu.au RI Barmak, Katayun/A-9804-2008; Wang, Z K/C-2293-2008; Kuok, Meng Hau/H-3954-2013; Stamps, Robert/E-7304-2011 OI Barmak, Katayun/0000-0003-0070-158X; Wang, Z K/0000-0003-0381-5363; Stamps, Robert/0000-0003-0713-4864 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 290 SI SI BP 530 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.519 PN 1 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KU UT WOS:000228837600130 ER PT J AU Bolte, M Eiselt, R Eimuller, T Fischer, P Meier, G AF Bolte, M Eiselt, R Eimuller, T Fischer, P Meier, G TI Micromagnetic simulation as a bridge between magnetic-force and magnetic-transmission X-ray microscopy SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint European Magnetic Symposia (JEMS 04) CY SEP 05-10, 2004 CL Dresden, GERMANY DE X-ray dichroism; magnetic-force microscopy; micromagnetic calculation; domain pattern; domain-wall pinning; stray field ID SPIN-POLARIZED TRANSPORT; IRON ELECTRODES; STRAY FIELDS; DOMAINS AB Domain imaging techniques are used to analyze the micromagnetic behavior of microelements applied in spin-transport devices. Micromagnetic simulations enable direct comparison of the experimental results and give additional information which is not directly accessible experimentally. As a case study we investigate the stray-field interaction of microelements prepared on thin Si3N4 membranes with magnetic-transmission X-ray microscopy and magnetic-force microscopy. Micromagnetic simulations yield internal parameters such as local stray fields and total magnetic energy. Values for the strength of the stray-field interaction between two microelements of several milli Tesla are deduced. Results also show that pinned magnetizations can explain the magnetization patterns observed in the experiments. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Hamburg, Inst Angew Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Mikrostrukturforsch, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Metallforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bolte, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Angew Phys, Jungiusstr 11, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. EM mbolte@physik.uni-hamburg.de RI Bolte, Markus/A-6083-2009; Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010 OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 290 SI SI BP 723 EP 726 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.276 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922KU UT WOS:000228837600184 ER PT J AU Cui, H Yang, X Meyer, HM Baylor, LR Simpson, ML Gardner, WL Lowndes, DH An, L Liu, J AF Cui, H Yang, X Meyer, HM Baylor, LR Simpson, ML Gardner, WL Lowndes, DH An, L Liu, J TI Growth and properties of Si-N-C-O nanocones and graphitic nanofibers synthesized using three-nanometer diameter iron/platinum nanoparticle-catalyst SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ALIGNED CARBON NANOFIBERS; FIELD-EMISSION; NANOTUBES; UNIFORM AB Cone-shaped nanostructures of mixed composition (nanocones) and largely graphitic nanofibers were synthesized on silicon substrates using iron/platinum alloy nanoparticles as the catalyst in a direct-current plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. The catalyst nanoparticles were monodisperse in size with an average diameter of 3 (+/- 1) nm. The nanocones were produced on laterally widely dispersed catalyst particles and were oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface with an amorphous internal structure. The nanocones were produced by gas phase mixing and deposition of plasma- sputtered silicon, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen species on a central backbone nucleated by the Fe-Pt catalyst particle. Field emission measurements showed that a very high turn-on electric field was required for electron emission from the nanocones. In contrast, the graphitic nanofibers that were produced when silicon sputtering and redeposition were minimized had the "stacked-cup" structure, and well-defined voids could be observed within nanofibers nucleated from larger catalyst particles. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Cui, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cui@ornl.gov RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Liu, Jie/B-4440-2010 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Liu, Jie/0000-0003-0451-6111 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 850 EP 855 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0106 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928TB UT WOS:000229293500012 ER PT J AU Bhuiyan, MS Paranthaman, M Sathyamurthy, S Goyal, A Salama, K AF Bhuiyan, MS Paranthaman, M Sathyamurthy, S Goyal, A Salama, K TI Growth of rare-earth niobate-based pyrochlores on textured Ni-W substrates with ionic radii dependency SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL SOLUTION DEPOSITION; COATED-CONDUCTOR FABRICATION; BUFFER LAYERS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; TITANATE PYROCHLORES; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; PLUTONIUM; FLUORITE; OXIDES AB Epitaxial films of rare-earth (RE) niobates, RE3NbO7 with pyrochlore structures, were grown on biaxially textured nickel-3 at.% tungsten (Ni-W) substrates using a chemical solution deposition process. A precursor solution of 0.3-0.50 M concentration of total cations was spin coated on to short samples of Ni-W substrates, and the films were crystallized at 1050-1100 degrees C in a -as mixture of Ar-4% H-2 for 15 min. Detailed studies revealed that RE-niobates with ionic radius ratio R-RE/R-Nb (R = ionic radius) from 1.23 to 1.40 (i.e., Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho, Y, and Yb) grow epitaxially with the pyrochlore structure. X-ray studies showed that the films of pyrochlore RE niobate films were highly textured with cube-on-cube epitaxy. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy investigations of RE3NbO7 films revealed a fairly dense and smooth microstructure without cracks and porosity. The rare-earth niobate layers may be potentially used as buffer layers for YBa2Cu3O7-delta coated conductors. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Bhuiyan, MS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM s9r@ornl.aov RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 904 EP 909 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0110 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928TB UT WOS:000229293500019 ER PT J AU Siegal, MP Clem, PG Dawley, JT Richardson, J Overmyer, DL Holesinger, TG AF Siegal, MP Clem, PG Dawley, JT Richardson, J Overmyer, DL Holesinger, TG TI Optimizing SrTiO3 films on textured Ni substrates using chemical solution deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID (BA,SR)TIO3 THIN-FILMS; BUFFER LAYERS; TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; COATED CONDUCTORS; DIFFUSION AB Chemical solution deposition (CSD) is used to grow high-quality (100)-oriented films of SrTiO3 (STO) on CSD Ba-0.2 Ca0.8TiO3(100) (BCT) templates on textured W-doped NI(100) (Ni:W) tape substrates. The BCT template films form a thin layer or "skin" that bridges its significant porosity. STO films grown at 1000 degrees C appear optimized for heteroepitaxial orientation, surface coverage, and film smoothness. Both interfaces in the STO(100)/BCT(100)/Ni:W(100) stack demonstrate excellent atomic registry and compositional abruptness. Doping STO with a few atomic percent of Nb reduces oxygen diffusion into the film by an order of magnitude and provides greater protection to the Ni interfacial surface from oxidation during the growth of additional functional oxides requiring relatively higher p(O,) high-temperature processing, such as superconducting, YBa2Cu3O7-delta CSD growth of BCT and STO also planarizes pre-existing grooves in the Ni:W(100) tapes while maintaining a high degree of orientation by forming facets at the interfaces. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Siegal, MP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mpsiega@sandia.gov RI Richardson, Jacob/B-7535-2009 OI Richardson, Jacob/0000-0003-2733-9736 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 910 EP 921 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0137 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928TB UT WOS:000229293500020 ER PT J AU Lance, MJ Hsueh, CH Ivanov, IN Geohegan, DB AF Lance, MJ Hsueh, CH Ivanov, IN Geohegan, DB TI Reorientation of carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix composites using compressive loading SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER VAPORIZATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; STRESS; ORIENTATION; INCLUSIONS; SIMULATION; ALIGNMENT; DYNAMICS AB Purified single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) were dispersed in an epoxy polymer and subjected to uniaxial compressive loading. The orientation and stress in the nanotubes were monitored in situ using polarized Raman microscopy. At strains less than 2%, the nanotubes reorient normal to the direction of compression, thereby minimizing the local strain energy. Above 2% strain, the Raman peak shift reaches a plateau. A new analytical model, which approximates the SWNT reorientation by varying the aspect ratio of a representative spheroid, predicted the rotation behavior of nanotubes under load. The results of this model suggest that the observed plateau of the Raman peak shift is caused by both polymer yielding and interfacial debonding at the ends of nanotubes. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lance, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lancem@ornl.gov RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011; ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Lance, Michael/I-8417-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Lance, Michael/0000-0001-5167-5452; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1026 EP 1032 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0139 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928TB UT WOS:000229293500033 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZM Andelman, T Yin, M Chen, TL Ehrlich, SN O'Brien, SP Osgood, RM AF Zhu, ZM Andelman, T Yin, M Chen, TL Ehrlich, SN O'Brien, SP Osgood, RM TI Synchrotron x-ray scattering of ZnO nanorods: Periodic ordering and lattice size SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; GOLD NANORODS; QUANTUM RODS; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; NANOWIRES; MONODISPERSE; CRYSTALLINE; NANOSTRUCTURES; ORGANIZATION AB We demonstrate that synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is a powerful technique for Studying the structure and self-organization of zinc-oxide nanostructures. Zinc-oxide nanorods were prepared by a solution-growth method that resulted ill uniform nanorods with 2-nm diameter and lengths in the range 10-50 nm. These nanorods were structurally characterized by a combination of small-angle and wide-angle synchrotron XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Small-angle XRD and TEM were used to investigate nanorod self-assembly and the influence of surfactant/precursor ratio oil self-assembly. Wide-angle XRD was used to study the evolution of nanorod growth as a function of synthesis time and surfactant/precursor ratio. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM osgood@columbia.edu RI bartelsdoe, ludwig/F-8008-2011; O'Brien, Stephen/D-7682-2013 NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 18 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1033 EP 1041 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0134 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 928TB UT WOS:000229293500034 ER PT J AU Goldin, GA Owczarek, R Sharp, DH AF Goldin, GA Owczarek, R Sharp, DH TI Quantum kinematics of bosonic vortex loops SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATION; LOCAL CURRENT-ALGEBRA; DIFFEOMORPHISM-GROUPS; REPRESENTATIONS; CONFIGURATIONS; DIMENSIONS; VORTICES; GEOMETRY AB In the framework of geometric quantization, filaments of vorticity in a two-dimensional, ideal incompressible superfluid belong to certain coadjoint orbits of the group of area-preserving diffeomorphisms. The Poisson structure for such vortex strings is analyzed in detail. While the Lie algebra associated with area-preserving diffeomorphisms is noncanonical, we can nevertheless find canonical coordinates and their conjugate momenta that describe these systems. We then introduce a Fock-like space of quantum states for the simplest case of bosonic vortex loops, with natural, nonlocal creation and annihilation operators for the quantized vortex filaments. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Math, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Waste & Infrastruct Serv Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goldin, GA (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Math, SERC Bldg, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM gagoldin@dimacs.rutgers.edu; rmo@lanl.gov; dhs@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 46 IS 4 AR 042102 DI 10.1063/1.1853504 PG 14 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 917RS UT WOS:000228487500002 ER PT J AU Que, L Wilson, CG Gianchandani, YB AF Que, L Wilson, CG Gianchandani, YB TI Microfluidic electrodischarge devices with integrated dispersion optics for spectral analysis of water impurities SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE chemical sensing; dispersion optics; microdischarge; sample delivery; water chemistry AB This paper reports a microfluidic device that integrates electrical and optical features required for field-portable water-chemistry testing by discharge spectroscopy. The device utilizes a dc-powered spark between a metal anode and a liquid cathode as the spectral source. Impurities are sputtered from the water sample into the microdischarge and characteristic atomic transitions due to them are detected optically. A blazed grating is used as the dispersion element. The device is fabricated from stacked glass layers, and is assembled and used with a charge-coupled device (CCD) sensing element to distinguish atomic spectra. Two structural variations and optical arrangements are reported. Detection of Cr and other chemicals in water samples has been successfully demonstrated with both devices. The angular resolution in terms of angular change per unit variation in wavelength (partial derivative theta/partial derivative lambda) is experimentally determined to be approximately 0.10 rad/mu m, as opposed to the idealized theoretical estimate of 0.22 rad/mu m. This is because the microdischarge is uncollimated and not a point source. However, this is sufficient angular resolution to allow critical spectra of metal impurities to be distinguished. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Que, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM que@anl.gov; chester@latech.edu; yogesh@eecs.umich.edu NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839337 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 915MP UT WOS:000228308600001 ER PT J AU Stoeber, B Yang, ZH Liepmann, D Muller, SJ AF Stoeber, B Yang, ZH Liepmann, D Muller, SJ TI Flow control in microdevices using thermally responsive triblock copolymers SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE active microvalve; microfluidics; passive microflow control; reversible gel formation ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MICROVALVE; SYSTEMS; ELECTROPHORESIS; DELIVERY; MATRICES; GELS AB Active and passive microflow control has been demonstrated using gel formation by dilute aqueous solutions of triblock copolymers at elevated temperatures. Solutions of a poly(ethylene oxide) (106)-poly (propylene oxide) (70)-poly (ethylene oxide)(106) polymer, which has the trade name Pluronic((R)) F127, have been used as a sample system. Flow in a microchannel has been stopped in less than 33 ms by introducing heat with an integrated electric heater. Viscous heating under high shear rates also induces gel formation, which has been used for passive automated flow control in a microchannel. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM boris@me.berkeley.edu NR 26 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 EI 1941-0158 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839330 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 915MP UT WOS:000228308600004 ER PT J AU Hall, AC Dugger, MT Prasad, SV Christensen, T AF Hall, AC Dugger, MT Prasad, SV Christensen, T TI Sidewall morphology of electroformed LIGA parts - Implications for friction, adhesion, and wear control SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION LITHOGRAPHY; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; PMMA; MICROSTRUCTURES; MICROSYSTEMS; FABRICATION; ROUGHNESS AB LIGA fabricated parts are finding application in a wide variety of micro-mechanical systems. For these systems to operate reliably, friction between contacting sidewall surfaces must be understood and controlled. The roughness of the as-plated sidewall is an important determinate of friction forces at such contacts. LIGA sidewalls were characterized in order to provide a basis for predicting the friction, adhesion, and wear behavior of LIGA micromachines. A variety of unexpected sidewall morphologies were observed during this investigation. Three morphologies were identified: a fine scale roughness, a linear through thickness feature, and a group of larger high aspect ratio features. Each morphology has been associated with a specific aspect of the LIGA manufacturing process. Potential friction, adhesion, and wear management strategies suggested by these features have been discussed. In addition, the asperity behavior in a LIGA sidewall contact has been predicted based on the finest roughness observed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hall, AC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM achall@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839125 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 915MP UT WOS:000228308600016 ER PT J AU Satyanarayana, S Karnik, RN Majumdar, A AF Satyanarayana, S Karnik, RN Majumdar, A TI Stamp-and-stick room-temperature bonding technique for microdevices SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS); room temperature; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); microfluidics transfer bonding; ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive ID FABRICATION; LAYERS AB Multilayer MEMS and microfluidic designs using diverse materials demand separate fabrication of device components followed by assembly to make the final device. Structural and moving components, labile bio-molecules, fluids and temperature-sensitive materials place special restrictions on the bonding processes that can be used for assembly of MEMS devices. We describe a room temperature "stamp and stick (SAS)" transfer bonding technique for silicon, glass and nitride surfaces using a UV curable adhesive. Alternatively, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) can also be used as the adhesive; this is particularly useful for bonding PDMS devices. A thin layer of adhesive is first spun on a flat wafer. This adhesive layer is then selectively transferred to the device chip from the wafer using a stamping process. The device chip can then be aligned and bonded to other chips/wafers. This bonding process is conformal and works even on surfaces with uneven topography. This aspect is especially relevant to microfluidics, where good sealing can be difficult to obtain with channels on uneven surfaces. Burst pressure tests suggest that wafer bonds using the UV curable adhesive could withstand pressures of 700 kPa (7 atmospheres); those with PDMS could withstand 200 to 700 kPa (2-7 atmospheres) depending on the geometry and configuration of the device. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Satyanarayana, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM majumdar@me.berkeley.edu NR 14 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 5 U2 49 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839334 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 915MP UT WOS:000228308600022 ER PT J AU Koppaka, SB Phinney, LM AF Koppaka, SB Phinney, LM TI Release processing effects on laser repair of stiction-failed microcantilevers SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE adhesion; laser repair; microcantilever; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); release; stiction ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; SILICON MEMS CANTILEVERS; ADHESION; REDUCTION; FILMS; BEAMS AB Undesirable adhesion in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is referred to as stiction and is a principal failure mechanism in surface-micromachined MEMS devices. Previous investigations demonstrated repairing stiction-failed polycrystalline silicon MEMS structures released from isopropyl alcohol (IPA) using Nd:YAG laser irradiation and predicting the laser repair process using a thermomechanical model. The current paper reports the effectiveness of the laser repair process and corresponding thermomechanical model predictions for microcantilevers that have failed during four release treatments: water, IPA, octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), and supercritical, CO2 drying. Model predictions and experimental measurements of the laser repair process are also provided for MEMS devices that failed due to contact during electrostatic actuation. The results indicate that the laser repair process is very effective for both failure modes and that the thermomechanical model predicts the laser repair of microcantilevers that failed during release much better than for microcantilevers that failed due to subsequent contact. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Koppaka, SB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lmphinn@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 410 EP 418 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839344 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 915MP UT WOS:000228308600024 ER PT J AU Cho, S Chasiotis, I Friedmann, TA Sullivan, JP AF Cho, S Chasiotis, I Friedmann, TA Sullivan, JP TI Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and failure properties of tetrahedral amorphous diamond-like carbon for MEMS devices SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; POLYSILICON FILMS; PROBE MICROSCOPY; PART 2; STRENGTH; AID AB The elastic and failure mechanical properties of hydrogen-free tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) MEMS structures were investigated via in situ direct and local displacement measurements by a method that integrates atomic force microscopy (AFM) with digital image correlation (DIC). On-chip MEMS-scale specimens were tested via a custom-designed apparatus that was integrated with an AFM to conduct in situ uniaxial tension tests. Specimens 10 mu m and 50 mu m wide and of 1.5 mu m average thickness were used to measure the elastic properties while 340 mu m wide tension specimens with a central elliptical perforation resulting in a stress concentration factor of 27 were tested to investigate local effects on material strength. The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and tensile strength were measured as 759 +/- 22 GPa, 0.17 +/- 0.03 and 7.3 +/- 1.2 GPa, respectively. In an effort to understand the effect of local defects and assess the true material strength, the local failure stress at sharp central elliptical notches with a stress concentration factor of 27 was measured to be 11.4 +/- 0.8 GPa. The AFM/DIC method provided for the first time local displacement fields in the vicinity of microscale perforations and these displacement fields were in accordance with those predicted by linear elasticity. C1 Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cho, S (reprint author), Univ Virginia, POB 400745, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. NR 28 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 EI 1361-6439 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 15 IS 4 BP 728 EP 735 DI 10.1088/0960-1317/15/4/009 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 920SC UT WOS:000228709400009 ER PT J AU Yantasee, W Fryxell, GE Lin, YH Wu, H Raymond, KN Xu, JD AF Yantasee, W Fryxell, GE Lin, YH Wu, H Raymond, KN Xu, JD TI Hydroxypyridinone functionalized self-assembled monolayers on nanoporous silica for sequestering lanthanide cations SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MCM-41; 1,2-hydroxypyridinone; nanoporous silica; lanthanides ID MESOPOROUS SILICA; THORIUM(IV) COMPLEXES; INITIAL EVALUATION; AGENTS; PLUTONIUM(IV); ACTINIDES; LIGANDS; 4-CARBAMOYL-3-HYDROXY-1-METHYL-2(1H)-PYRIDINONE; SEQUESTRATION; EXTRACTION AB 1,2-Hydroxypyridinone (1,2-HOPO) ligands were installed as self-assembled monolayers on nanoporous silica (MCM-41) to create a superior class of sorbent materials for lanthanide cations. Lanthanides were used as a model system for the radioactive, expensive, and highly hazardous actinides in preliminary screening studies. The ligand properties of the 1,2-HOPO ligand field and the extremely large surface area of MCM-41, coupled with the dense monolayer coating, contribute to the extremely high lanthanide binding capacity of the 1,2-HOPO nanoporous sorbent. At pH 4-5.9, the mass-weighted partition coefficients (Kd) for La, Nd, Eu, and Lu were 354000, 344000, 210800, and 419800, respectively. The rigid, open pore structure of the silica also allows for very rapid sorption. Being silica-based, the sorbent is compatible with vitrification processing into a final glasseous waste form, for subsequent disposition in a deep geological repository. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fryxell, GE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 527 EP 529 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.096 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 926JP UT WOS:000229119800002 PM 16004114 ER PT J AU Yu, W Choi, SUS AF Yu, W Choi, SUS TI An effective thermal conductivity model of nanofluids with a cubical arrangement of spherical particles SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nanofluids; solid-liquid mixtures; nanolayers; thermal conductivity; modeling ID HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES; ENHANCEMENT; NANOPARTICLES; SUSPENSIONS; INTERFACE; CONSTANTS; 2-PHASE; SIZE AB The theoretical investigation of the effective thermal conductivities of nanofluids, a new class of solid-liquid Suspensions, is important in both predicting and designing nanofluids with effective thermal conductivities. We have developed a new thermal conductivity model for nanofluids that is based on the assumption that monosized spherical particles are uniformly dispersed in the liquid and are located at the vertexes of a simple cubic lattice, with each particle surrounded by a liquid layer having a thermal conductivity that differs from that of the bulk liquid. This model nanofluid with a cubical arrangement of nanoparticles gives a more practical upper limit of thermal conduction than a model nanofluid with a parallel arrangement of nanoparticles. The new model unexpectedly shows a nonlinear relationship of thermal conductivity with particle concentration, whereas the conductivity-concentration curve changes from convex upward to concave upward with increasing volume concentration. The effects of particle and layer parameters on the effective thermal conductivities are also analyzed. A comparison of predicted thermal conductivity values and experimental data shows that the predicted values are much higher than the experimental data, a finding that indicates that there is a potential to further improve the effective thermal conductivities of nanofluids with more uniformly dispersed particles. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Choi, SUS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 335, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 580 EP 586 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.065 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 926JP UT WOS:000229119800010 PM 16004122 ER PT J AU Johnson, J Weber, R Grimsditch, M AF Johnson, J Weber, R Grimsditch, M TI Thermal and mechanical properties of rare earth aluminate and low-silica aluminosilicate optical glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; UP-CONVERSION AB Aluminate glasses containing 45-71.5 mol% alumina, 10-40 mol% rare earth oxide, and 0-30 mol% silica were synthesized from precursor oxides. The glass transition and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry; the structural and mechanical properties were investigated by Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy. The range of the supercooled liquid region varies from similar to 40 degrees C to 200 degrees C providing a useful working range for compositions with 5-30 mol% silica. Raman scattering showed the presence of isolated SiO4 species that strengthen the network-forming structure, enhance glass formation, and stabilize the glass even when they are present at fairly low concentrations. Sound velocities were measured by Brillouin scattering. From these and other values, various elastic moduli were calculated. The moduli increased with both aluminum and rare earth content, as did the hardness of the glasses. Young's modulus was in the range 118-169 GPa, 60-130% larger than that for pure silica glass. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Containerless Res Inc, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Johnson, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jaj@anl.gov RI Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014 OI Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275 NR 20 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 8-9 BP 650 EP 655 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.01.065 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 922VY UT WOS:000228869200004 ER PT J AU Bueno, LA Donoso, JP Magon, CJ Kosacki, I Filho, FAD Tambelli, CC Messaddeq, Y Ribeiro, SJL AF Bueno, LA Donoso, JP Magon, CJ Kosacki, I Filho, FAD Tambelli, CC Messaddeq, Y Ribeiro, SJL TI Conductivity and F-19 NMR in PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 glasses and glass-ceramics SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Brazilian Symposium on Glasses and Related Materials/2nd International Symposium on Non-Crystalline Solids in Brazil CY SEP 21-25, 2003 CL Campos do Jordao, BRAZIL SP Brazilian Glass Ind Tech Assoc, ABIVIDRO ID LEAD HALOSILICATE GLASSES; ANIONIC CONDUCTION; ION DYNAMICS AB The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and the F-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of PbGeO3-PbF2CdF, glasses and glass ceramics are investigated. The measured conductivity values of the glasses are above 10(-5) Skin at 500 K, and increase with increasing lead fluoride content. Activation energies extracted from the conductivity data are in the range 0.59-0.73 eV. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that in these oxyfluoride glasses lead fluoride rich clusters are dispersed in a metagermanate based matrix providing increasing mobility pathways for conducting ions. The conductivity of a sample of the glass ceramic of composition (mol%) 60PbGeO(3-)20PbF(2)-20CdF(2) was found to be smaller than that in the corresponding glass, suggesting that there are poor ionic conducting regions in the interface between the nanometer sized crystals. The temperature dependence of the F-19 relaxation times, measured in the range 100-800 K, exhibit the qualitative features associated with high fluorine mobility in both, glass and glass ceramics materials. We suggest that de-convolution of the spin-lattice relaxation rates observed in the glass ceramics shows that the observed high temperature rate maximum is associated with the diffusional motions of the fluorine ions in beta-PbF2 crystals. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 UNESP, Inst Quim, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. UNOESC, Area Ciencias Agroambientais & Alimentos, BR-89560000 Videira, SC, Brazil. USP, Inst Fis, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Ribeiro, SJL (reprint author), UNESP, Inst Quim, CP 355, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. EM sidney@iq.unesp.br RI Ribeiro, Sidney/E-9864-2012; Donoso, Jose Pedro/G-2892-2013; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI Ribeiro, Sidney/0000-0002-8162-6747; Donoso, Jose Pedro/0000-0002-0827-073X; NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 8-9 BP 766 EP 770 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.091 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 922VY UT WOS:000228869200021 ER PT J AU Shen, S Forero, A LoBuglio, AF Breitz, H Khazaeli, MB Fisher, DR Wang, WQ Meredith, RF AF Shen, S Forero, A LoBuglio, AF Breitz, H Khazaeli, MB Fisher, DR Wang, WQ Meredith, RF TI Patient-specific dosimetry of pretargeted radioimmunotherapy using CC49 fusion protein in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE gastrointestinal cancer; dosimetry; pretargeted radioimmunotherapy ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY CC49; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; HIGH-DOSE THERAPY; B-CELL LYMPHOMA; PHASE-I TRIAL; Y-90; Y-90-DOTA-BIOTIN; CARCINOMA; PRIT(TM); IN-111 AB Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using CC49 fusion protein, comprised of CC49-(scFV)(4) and streptavidin, in conjunction with Y-90/In-111-DOTA-biotin (DOTA = dodecanetetraacetic acid) provides a new opportunity to improve efficacy by increasing the tumor-to-normal tissue dose ratio. To our knowledge, the patient-specific dosimetry of pretargeted Y-90/In-111-DOTA-biotin after CC49 fusion protein in patients has not been reported previously. Methods: Nine patients received 3-step pretargeted RIT: (a) 160 mg/m(2) of CC49 fusion protein, (b) synthetic clearing agent (sCA) at 48 or 72 h later, and (c) Y-90/In-111-DOTA-biotin 24 h after the sCA administration. Sequential whole-body In-111 images were acquired immediately and at 2-144 h after injection of Y-90/In-111-DOTA-biotin. Geometric-mean quantification with background and attenuation correction was used for liver and lung dosimetry. Effective point source quantification was used for spleen, kidneys, and tumors. Organ and tumor Y-90 doses were calculated based on In-111 imaging data and the MIRD formalism using patient-specific organ masses determined from CT images. Patient-specific marrow doses were determined based on radioactivity concentration in the blood. Results: The Y-90/In-111-DOTA-biotin had a rapid plasma clearance, which was biphasic with < 10% residual at 8 h. Organ masses ranged from 1,263 to 3,855 g for liver, 95 to 1,009 g for spleen, and 309 to 578 g for kidneys. The patient-specific mean Y-90 dose (cGy/37 MBq, or rad/mCi) was 0.53 (0.32-0.78) to whole body, 3.75 (0.63-6.89) to liver, 2.32 (0.58-4.46) to spleen, 7.02 (3.36-11.2) to kidneys, 0.30 (0.09-0.44) to lungs, 0.22 (0.12-0.34) to marrow, and 28.9 (4.18-121.6) to tumors. Conclusion: Radiation dose to normal organs from circulating radionuclide is substantially reduced using pretargeted RIT. Tumor-to-normal organ dose ratios were increased about 8- to 11-fold compared with reported patient-specific mean dose to liver, spleen, marrow, and tumors from Y-90-CC49. C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Radiat Oncol, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Pacific Nw Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NEORX Corp, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Biostat, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Shen, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Radiat Oncol, Ctr Comprehens Canc, 1824 6th Ave S,Wallace Tumor Inst Room 124, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM sshen@uabmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA89019-03]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR 00032] NR 35 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD APR PY 2005 VL 46 IS 4 BP 642 EP 651 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 914BQ UT WOS:000228200000019 PM 15809487 ER PT J AU Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Ivashchenko, LA AF Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Ivashchenko, LA TI Molecular dynamics simulations of electronic properties of a-SiC/c-Si heterojunctions SO JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Physics of Advanced Materials CY JUN 10-12, 2004 CL Iasi, ROMANIA SP Res Ctr Condenses Matter Phys, Fac Phys, AI I Cuza Univ, Minist Educ & res DE a-SiC/c-Si hetero-structure; electronic structure; gap states; molecular dynamics ID AMORPHOUS-SILICON CARBIDE; SHORT-RANGE DISORDER; CARBON ALLOYS; CHEMICAL ORDER; TEMPERATURE AB Empirical molecular dynamics simulations combined with a recursion procedure are applied to study the atomic and electronic structures of a-SiC/c-Si heterojunctions, The heterojunctions are considered as the (001) silicon slabs covered with a-SiC thin films. The films are generated from the condensation of diluted Si-C vapour on the substrates similarly to the atom-by-atom deposition. One of the samples was annealed at different temperatures. The atomic and electronic properties of this sample were studied as a function of annealing temperature. The electronic structure was investigated. The main theoretical results on the aSiC/c-Si structure are in rather good agreement with experimental data. C1 NAS Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ivashchenko, VI (reprint author), NAS Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, Krzhyzhanovsky Str 3, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. EM ivasch@materials.kiev.ua NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST OPTOELECTRONICS PI BUCHAREST-MAGURELE PA 1 ATOMISTILOR ST, PO BOX MG-5, BUCHAREST-MAGURELE 76900, ROMANIA SN 1454-4164 EI 1841-7132 J9 J OPTOELECTRON ADV M JI J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 7 IS 2 BP 653 EP 658 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 921SR UT WOS:000228785700011 ER PT J AU Chien, WM Chandra, D Helmy, AK Franklin, J Rawn, CJ AF Chien, WM Chandra, D Helmy, AK Franklin, J Rawn, CJ TI Experimental determination of NH4NO3-KNO3 binary phase diagram SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION LA English DT Article ID AMMONIUM-NITRATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; POTASSIUM-NITRATE; X-RAY; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR ROTATION; TRANSFORMATIONS; TRANSITIONS; ND4NO3 AB The solid-state phase transitions in ammonium nitrate (AN)-potassium nitrate (KN) system, and the equilibrium AN-KN phase diagram have been determined by using differential scanning calorimetry and high-temperature in situ x-ray diffractometry. Sample preparation was performed in a special "dry room" with very low humidity. A single phase region (AN 111) with no phase transitions to 373 K was observed in the composition range 5 to 20% KN; this is critical for use in air bag gas generators. The high-temperature KN phase (KN 1) has a wide range of stability from 20 to 100 wt.% KN. There are one eutectic, two eutectoid, three peritectoid, and one congruent transformations in this phase diagram. Two new nonstoichiometric phases were found at lower temperatures in the mid-composition range between the AN and KN terminal solid solutions. Details of the phase equilibria are presented. C1 Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. TRW Incorp, Lockwood, NV USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chandra, D (reprint author), Univ Nevada, MS 388, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM dchandra@unr.edu NR 34 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1547-7037 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. PD APR PY 2005 VL 26 IS 2 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.1361/15477030523012 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 912KF UT WOS:000228076100003 ER PT J AU Busching, H AF Busching, H CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Neutral pions with large transverse momentum in d+Au and Au+Au collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ AB Measurements of transverse-momentum (p(T)) spectra of neutral pions in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC are presented. The spectra are compared to p+p reference spectra at the same root s(NN). In central Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV a factor 4-5 suppression for neutral pions and charged hadrons with p(T) > 5 GeV/c is found relative to the p+p reference scaled by the nuclear overlap function < TAB >. In contrast, such a suppression of high-p(T) particles is absent in d+Au collisions independent of the centrality of the collision. To study the root s(NN) dependence of the suppression Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV are compared. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Busching, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM buschin@bnl.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S473 EP S479 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/058 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000059 ER PT J AU Datta, S Karsch, F Petreczky, P Wetzorke, I AF Datta, S Karsch, F Petreczky, P Wetzorke, I TI Meson correlators above deconfinement SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; SPECTRAL FUNCTIONS; LATTICE QCD; DILEPTONS; STATES AB We review recent progress in studying spectral functions for mesonic observables at finite temperatures, by analysis of imaginary time correlators directly calculated on isotropic lattices. Special attention is paid to the lattice artefacts present in such calculations. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. DESY, NIC, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S351 EP S356 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/043 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000044 ER PT J AU Filimonov, K AF Filimonov, K TI Dihadron correlations at high P-T SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID DENSE MATTER; JET TOMOGRAPHY AB Jet quenching in the matter created in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions provides a tomographic tool to probe the medium properties. Recent experimental results from the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) on characterization of jet production via dihadron correlations at high transverse momentum are reviewed. Expectations from the dihadron measurements for the lower energy root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV RHIC run are discussed. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Filimonov, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM KVFilimonov@lbl.gov NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S513 EP S519 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/062 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000063 ER PT J AU Hirano, T Nara, Y AF Hirano, T Nara, Y TI Hydrodynamic afterburner for the colour glass condensate at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; ELLIPTIC FLOW; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; CHEMICAL EQUILIBRATION; TRANSVERSE ENERGY; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; AU COLLISIONS; QUARK AB Firstly, we give a short review of the hydrodynamic model and its application to the elliptic flow phenomena in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Secondly, we describe the first attempt to construct a unified model for the description of the dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S1 EP S14 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/001 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000002 ER PT J AU Ito, H AF Ito, H CA BRAHMS Collaboration TI Towards measuring pseudorapidity dependence in elliptic flow at BRAHMS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY; EXPANSION AB This paper describes a scheme to use current BRAHMS data to measure elliptic flow at forward rapidity. It summarizes the current theoretical understanding and notes some difficulties of theoretical models to reproduce the few experimental results that exist at forward rapidity. Using two swivel spectrometers with the newly reoriented silicon detectors, the BRAHMS experiment is capable of measuring pseudorapidity dependence of elliptic flow in the range of 0 < η < 3.9 with transverse momentum of up to 3 GeV/c. The brief current status of this analysis will be discussed without any results. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ito, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S23 EP S25 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/003 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000004 ER PT J AU Klay, JL AF Klay, JL TI High-P-T hadron spectra at RHIC: an overview SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTERSECTING STORAGE-RINGS; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; CERN-ISR; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Recent results on high transverse momentum (p(T)) hadron production in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) are reviewed. Comparison of the nuclear modification factors, R-dAu(p(T)) and R-AA(p(T)), demonstrates that the large suppression in central Au+Au collisions is due to strong final-state effects. Theoretical models which incorporate jet quenching via gluon bremsstrahlung in the dense partonic medium that is expected in central Au+Au collisions at ultra-relativistic energies are shown to reproduce the shape and magnitude of the observed suppression over the range of collision energies so far studied at RHIC. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Klay, JL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM klay@llnl.gov NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S451 EP S464 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/056 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000057 ER PT J AU Lane, F AF Lane, F CA STAR Collaboration TI Single electron elliptic flow measurements in Au plus Au collisions from STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID SIGNATURE AB Recent measurements of elliptic flow (nu(2)) and the nuclear modification factor (R-CP) of strange mesons and baryons in the intermediate p(T) domain in Au + Au collisions demonstrate a scaling with the number of constituent quarks. This suggests hadron production via quark coalescence from a thermalized parton system. Measuring the elliptic flow of charmed hadrons, which are believed to originate rather from fragmentation than from coalescence processes, might therefore change our view of hadron production in heavy-ion collisions. While direct nu(2) measurements of charmed hadrons are currently not available, single electron nu(2) at sufficiently high transverse momenta can serve as a substitute. At transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c, the production of single electrons from non-photonic sources is expected to be dominated by the decay of charmed hadrons. Simulations show a strong correlation between the flow of the charmed hadrons and the flow of their decay electrons for p(T) > 2 GeV/c. We will present preliminary STAR results from our single electron nu(2) measurements from Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lane, F (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM laue@bnl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S27 EP S33 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/004 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000005 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Wang, XN AF Majumder, A Wang, XN TI High P-T hadron-hadron correlations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; SCATTERING AB We propose the formulation of a dihadron fragmentation function in terms of parton matrix elements. Under the collinear factorization approximation and facilitated by the cut-vertex technique, the two hadron inclusive cross section at leading order (LO) in e(+)e(-) annihilation is shown to factorize into a short distance parton cross section and the long-distance dihadron fragmentation function. We also derive the DGLAP evolution equation of this function at leading log. The evolution equation for the non-singlet and singlet quark fragmentation function and the gluon fragmentation function are solved numerically with the initial condition taken from event generators. Modifications to the dihadron fragmentation function from higher twist corrections in DIS off nuclei are computed. Results are presented for the cases of physical interest. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumder, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S533 EP S539 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/064 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000065 ER PT J AU Mioduszewski, S AF Mioduszewski, S CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Direct photons at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID COLLISIONS; PHENIX; AU+AU AB The PHENIX experiment has measured direct photons in root S-NN = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions and p+p collisions. The fraction of photons due to direct production in Au+Au collisions is shown as a function Of PT and centrality. This measurement is compared with expectation from pQCD calculations. Other possible sources of direct photons are discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mioduszewski, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM saskia@bnl.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S253 EP S258 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/031 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000032 ER PT J AU Nonaka, C Fries, RJ Muller, B Bass, SA Asakawa, M AF Nonaka, C Fries, RJ Muller, B Bass, SA Asakawa, M TI Recombination plus fragmentation model at RHIC: elliptic flow SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID POSITIVE-STRANGENESS; ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; AU+AU COLLISIONS AB We discuss hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the framework of the recombination and fragmentation model. We propose elliptic flow as a useful tool for exploring final interactions of resonances, the hadron structure of exotic particles and the phase structure of the reaction. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. RP Nonaka, C (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM nonaka@phy.duke.edu OI Bass, Steffen/0000-0002-9451-0954 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S429 EP S435 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/053 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000054 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, MD AF Oldenburg, MD CA STAR Collaboration TI Scaling of anisotropic flow in the picture of quark coalescence SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID ELLIPTIC FLOW; COLLISIONS AB Measurements of anisotropic flow at low (p(T) < 1.5 GeV/c) and intermediate (1.5 < p(T) < 5 GeV/c) transverse momentum from the STAR collaboration are reviewed. While at low p(T) an ordering of elliptic flow strength with particle mass is observed, the measured signals appear to follow number-of-constituent quark scaling at intermediate p(T). The observations of higher harmonics support this picture qualitatively, and are sensitive to specific model assumptions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MDOldenburg@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S437 EP S442 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/054 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000055 ER PT J AU Petrov, K AF Petrov, K TI Screening and thermodynamics of a static quark-antiquark pair in hot medium SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID IMPROVED STAGGERED QUARKS; IMPROVED LATTICE ACTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE QCD; YANG-MILLS THEORY; STRING BREAKING; POLYAKOV LOOP; 3 FLAVORS; GAUGE AB We discuss various aspects of the singlet interaction of a quark-antiquark pair in a hot medium in lattice formalism. Our theory is full QCD with 3 flavours of degenerate quarks at finite temperature. Using zero-temperature potential we renormalize singlet free energies and discuss effects of screening and string breaking. Internal energy and entropy at infinite separation are also calculated showing non-trivial behaviour in the critical region. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Theory, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Petrov, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Theory, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM petrov@bnl.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S357 EP S363 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/044 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000045 ER PT J AU Sanchez, MCD AF Sanchez, MCD TI Electrons and dielectrons in STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID J/PSI; SUPPRESSION; NUCLEON; GEV/C; PSI' AB The electron spectrum from relativistic heavy-ion collisions can be connected to the yield of charm in heavy-ion collisions after subtracting the photonic background components of the measured yield. We present results from the electron analysis in STAR, and its relationship to the yield of c quarks. The status of dielectron studies is briefly discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, STAR Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sanchez, MCD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, STAR Grp, POB 5000,Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM calderon@iucf.indiana.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S303 EP S308 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/037 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000038 ER PT J AU Shao, M AF Shao, M CA STARR Collaboration TI Pion, kaon and (anti-)proton production in Au plus Au collisions at root(s)(NN)=62.4 GeV SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID RESISTIVE PLATE CHAMBERS; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; QCD AB We report on preliminary results of pion, kaon and (anti-)proton transverse momentum spectra (-0.5 < y < 0) in Au + Au collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 62.4 GeV using the STAR detector at RHIC. The particle identification (PID) is achieved by a combination of the STAR TPC and the new TOF detectors, which allow a PID coverage in transverse momentum (PT) up to 7 GeV/c for pions, 3 GeV/c for kaons and 5 GeV/c for (anti-)protons. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Shao, M (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S85 EP S92 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/011 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000012 ER PT J AU Soltz, RA AF Soltz, RA TI Review of systematic investigations of the R-out/R-side ratio in HBT at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PION INTERFEROMETRY; COLLISIONS AB We review the significant difference in the ratio R-out/R-side, between experiment and theory in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC. This ratio is expected to be strongly correlated with the pion emission duration. Hydrodynamic models typically calculate a value that is approximately equal to 1.5 and moderately dependent on k(T) whereas the experiments report a value close to unity and independent of kT. We review those calculations in which systematic variations in the theoretical assumptions were reported. We find that the scenario of second-order phase transition or crossover has been given insufficient attention, and may play an important role in resolving this discrepancy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Soltz, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM soltz@llnl.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S325 EP S329 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/040 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000041 ER PT J AU Steinberg, P AF Steinberg, P TI Thoughts on heavy quark production SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID HADRONIC COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ION COLLISIONS; J/PSI; SUPPRESSION; ANNIHILATION; SCATTERING; SPS AB Various aspects of heavy flavour production in heavy ion collisions in the context of elementary collisions are reviewed. The interplay between theory in experiment in e(+)e(-) and pp data has been found to be non-trivial, even with new NLO calculations. Quarkonium suppression in p+A and A+A shows puzzling features, apparently connected to features of inclusive particle production. Open charm is found to scale as expected for a hard process, but strangeness is also found to share these features. These features contribute to heavy flavour as a interesting probe of strong interactions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Steinberg, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM peter.steinberg@bnl.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S273 EP S289 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/034 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000035 ER PT J AU Tang, AH AF Tang, AH CA STAR Collaboration TI Directed and elliptic flow at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; STAR; MULTIPLICITY; DEPENDENCE AB We present the directed flow measurement (n(1)(1)() from Au + Au collisions at SNN = 62 GeV. Over the pseudorapidity range we have studied, which covers h from - 1.2 to 1.2 and 2.4 < < 4, the magnitude of n) (for charged particles is found to increase monotonously with pseudorapidity for all centralities. No 'n)(1) (wiggle', as predicted by various theoretical models, is observed at midrapidity. Elliptic flow (n)() from moderately high-p)(2)(t) (particles (3-6 GeV/c) at SNN = 200 GeV is presented as a function of impact parameter. It is found that models that are based on jet quenching alone appear to underpredict n)(2) (at moderate high p)(t), while the model that incorporates both, recombination and fragmentation, describes the data better. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, NIKHEF, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Phys Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tang, AH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NIKHEF, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM aihong@bnl.gov NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S35 EP S39 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/005 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000006 ER PT J AU Vale, CM AF Vale, CM CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Elliptic flow in Au plus Au collisions at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ AB Elliptic flow is an interesting probe of the dynamical evolution of the dense system formed in the ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC). The elliptic flow dependences on transverse momentum, centrality and pseudorapidity were measured using data collected by the PHOBOS detector, which offers a unique opportunity to study the azimuthal anisotropies of charged particles over a wide range of pseudorapidity. These measurements are presented, together with an overview of the analysis methods and a discussion of the results. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. PAN, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Vale, CM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM cmvale@bnl.gov OI Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S41 EP S47 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/006 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000007 ER PT J AU Van Buren, G AF Van Buren, G CA STAR Collaboration TI Reconstructing S0 decays in STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; SIGMA(0) PRODUCTION; COLLISIONS; HADRONS AB Typical comparisons of data from nuclear collisions to particle production models require a caveat for (anti)L yields from experimental inability to separate the contributions of those yields from S state decays. Recent analysis in STAR is leading towards resolving the contribution from excited S states (Salur S (STAR Collaboration) 2005 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 31 S179 (these proceedings)), but the bulk contribution comes from electromagnetic decays of the (anti)S0. In the STAR detector, photon conversions into e+e- pairs in the detector material have been used to identify photons from p0 decays (Adams J et al (STAR Collaboration) 2004 Phys. Rev. C 70 044902). A similar technique has been used here to identify photons from (anti)S0 decays in conjunction with STAR's excellent PID capabilities for finding the associated (anti)L daughters. We report here on progress towards measuring the (anti) S0 yields in various nuclear collisions at RHIC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gene@bnl.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S195 EP S201 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/024 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000025 ER PT J AU Vitev, I AF Vitev, I TI The perturbative QCD factorization approach in high energy nuclear collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HIGH P-T; HADRON-PRODUCTION; JET TOMOGRAPHY; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SEMIHARD PROCESSES; SPIN ASYMMETRIES; PLUS AU; MODEL AB I discuss the systematic modifications to the perturbative QCD factorization approach in high energy l + A, p + A and A + A reactions. These include transverse momentum diffusion manifest in the Cronin effect and a small increase in the dijet acoplanarity; nuclear size enhanced power corrections that lead to shadowing in deeply inelastic scattering and suppression of single and double inclusive hadron production at forward rapidity at RHIC but disappear as a function of the transverse momentum; inelastic attenuation of the jet cross sections or jet quenching that persists to much higher p(T). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vitev, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ivitev@lanl.gov NR 99 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S557 EP S572 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/067 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000068 ER PT J AU Zhang, HB AF Zhang, HB CA STAR Collaboration TI Open charm production at STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hot Quarks 2004 Meeting CY JUL 18-24, 2004 CL Taos Ski Valley, NM SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, European Org Nucl Res, Gesellschaft Schwerionenforschung, Inst Phys Publishing, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Vanerbilt Univ ID RESISTIVE PLATE CHAMBERS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STATISTICAL HADRONIZATION; SUPPRESSION; LHC; SPS AB We present the open charm spectra at mid-rapidity from direct reconstruction of D(0), D* and D(+/-) in d+Au collisions at root S(NN) = 200 GeV using the STAR detector at RHIC. The indirect electron/positron measurements via charrn semileptonic decays in p+p and d+Au collisions are also reported. The total cc cross section per nucleon-nucleon collision is extracted from both direct and indirect measurements and are consistent with each other. By combining the D(0) and semileptonic measurements together, the cross section of 1.4 +/- 0.2 +/- 0.4 mb is higher than expectations from PYTHIA and other pQCD calculations. The open charm p(T) distribution from direct measurements covers the p(T) range up to similar to 10 GeV/c and follows a power-law distribution. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11953 USA. RP Zhang, HB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11953 USA. EM haibin@bnl.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI BP S267 EP S272 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/033 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000034 ER PT J AU Antinori, F Bass, SA Bellwied, R Ullrich, T Velkovska, J Wiedemann, U AF Antinori, F Bass, SA Bellwied, R Ullrich, T Velkovska, J Wiedemann, U TI Preface - Hot Quarks 2004 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Antinori, F (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 SI SI DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/4/000 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 922MM UT WOS:000228842000001 ER PT J AU Arleth, L Xia, XH Hjelm, RP Wu, JZ Hu, ZB AF Arleth, L Xia, XH Hjelm, RP Wu, JZ Hu, ZB TI Volume transition and internal structures of small poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE N-isopropylacrylamide; nanoparticles; neutron scattering; light scattering ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE GELS; LASER LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHASE-TRANSITION; ENZYMATIC BIODEGRADATION; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; X-RAY; TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES; COLLOIDS AB Monodispersed poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanoparticles, with hydrodynamic radius less than 50 nm at room temperature, have been synthesized in the presence of a large amount of emulsifiers. These microgel particles undergo a swollen-collapsed volume transition in an aqueous solution when the temperature is raised to around 34 degrees C. The volume transition and structure changes of the microgel particles as a function of temperature are probed using laser light scattering and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) with the objective of determining the small particle internal structure and particle-particle interactions. Apart from random fluctuations in the crosslinker density below the transition temperature, we find that, within the resolution of the experiments, these particles have a uniform radial crosslinker density on either side of the transition temperature. This result is in contrast to previous reports on the heterogeneous structures of larger PNIPAM microgel particles, but in good agreement with recent reports based on computer simulations of smaller microgels. The particle interactions change across the transition temperature. At temperatures below the transition, the interactions are described by a repulsive interaction far larger than that expected for a hard sphere contact potential. Above the volume transition temperature, the potential is best described by a small, attractive interaction. Comparison of the osmotic second virial coefficient from static laser light scattering at low concentrations with similar values determined from SANS at 250-time greater concentration suggests a strong concentration dependence of the interaction potential. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Phys & Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Hjelm, RP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hjelm@lan1.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Wu, Jianzhong/I-5164-2013; Arleth, Lise/M-4705-2014 OI Arleth, Lise/0000-0002-4694-4299 NR 53 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 31 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 43 IS 7 BP 849 EP 860 DI 10.1002/polb.20375 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 905II UT WOS:000227561400010 ER PT J AU Hamada, M Martz, HF Steiner, S AF Hamada, M Martz, HF Steiner, S TI Accounting for mixture errors in analyzing mixture experiments SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bayesian method; error-in-variables; MCMC AB Until now, mixture errors that cause the actual mixture proportions to differ from those intended have not been considered in the analysis of mixture experiments. In this article, we show how a Bayesian approach can account for such errors. A simulation study shows the problems with ignoring these errors and also the benefits of accounting for them. The proposed approach is illustrated with a semirealistic glass mixture experiment. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM hamada@lanl.gov; hfm@lanl.gov; shsteine@uwaterloo.ca NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 37 IS 2 BP 139 EP 148 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 907BN UT WOS:000227690000005 ER PT J AU Giles, JR Hartwell, JK Miller, KM Howard, SL AF Giles, JR Hartwell, JK Miller, KM Howard, SL TI Efficiency calibration and determination of performance characteristics of a large area proportional counter for the field measurement of Pu-238 in soils SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A large area proportional counter (LAPC) X-ray detector and a method for calibrating the detector system for 238 Pu contamination in soils has been developed. The system utilizes the LAPC to measure the LX-ray triplet emitted in the decay of Pu-238 at energies of 13.6, 17.13, and 20.29 keV. The LAPC has dimensions of 16.5 x 70.5 x 5.9 cm(3) (L x W x H) and is filled with a mixture of 90% xenon and 10% methane at a pressure of 0.15 MPa. The detector has a thin (0.025 cm) beryllium window and aluminum support grid with an effective area of 850 cm(2). The detector was calibrated for efficiency via semi-empirical methodology consisting of measurements with International Atomic Energy Agency and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable sources combined with fluence rate calculations using Monte Carlo and point-kernel modeling scenarios. The detector efficiency was then empirically measured using NIST trace able soil standards, and the results were compared with the semi-empirical modeled value. Operational performance characteristics including detector field of view, lower limit of detection, and energy resolution of the system were also determined through a series of controlled measurements. The LAPC and associated electronics are mounted on a pushcart with a computer and global positioning system to allow for real-time surveying and mapping of potentially contaminated land areas and detecting Pu-238 contamination at concentrations of 1.9 Bq/g of soil. The system, measurement methods, and results a represented and discussed. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. US Dept Homeland Secur, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA. RP Giles, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0683-z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500018 ER PT J AU Hartwell, JK Winston, PL Marts, DJ Moore-McAteer, LD Taylor, SC AF Hartwell, JK Winston, PL Marts, DJ Moore-McAteer, LD Taylor, SC TI Two CdZnTe detector-equipped gamma-ray spectrometers for attribute measurements on irradiated nuclear fuel SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Some United States Department of Energy-owned spent fuel elements from foreign research reactors (FRRs) are presently being shipped from the reactor location to the US for storage at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Two cadmium zinc telluride detector-based gamma-ray spectrometers have been developed to confirm the irradiation status of these fuels. One spectrometer is configured to operate underwater in the spent fuel pool of the shipping location, while the other is configured to interrogate elements on receipt in the dry transfer cell at the INEEL's Interim Fuel Storage Facility (IFSF) Both units have been operationally tested at the INEEL. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hartwell, JK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM John.Hartwell@inl.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0705-x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500020 ER PT J AU Brodzinski, RL AF Brodzinski, RL TI Next-generation germanium spectrometer background reduction techniques at 2 MeV SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAJORANA NEUTRINO MASS; 0.1 EV RANGE; SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; LIMITS AB The Majorana project, a next-generation Ge-76 neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment being undertaken by a large international collaboration, has the goal of measuring the neutrinoless double-beta decay rate by observing monochromatic events at 2039 keV in 500 kg of isotopically enriched Ge-76 gamma-ray spectrometers. In order to achieve the desired sensitivity limit, the background in the 2037-2041 keV region must be reduced to < 1 event per year in the entire germanium array. The effects of various background reduction techniques, and the combination thereof, to produce a huge Ge-76 spectrometer array with virtually zero background are discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brodzinski, RL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Ron.Brodzinski@pnl.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0686-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500022 ER PT J AU Luke, PN Amman, M Tindall, C Lee, JS AF Luke, PN Amman, M Tindall, C Lee, JS TI Recent developments in semiconductor gamma-ray detectors SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM; COPLANAR-GRID DETECTORS; COAXIAL DETECTORS; STRIP DETECTORS; GE DETECTORS; CDZNTE; ARRAYS AB The successful development of lithium-drifted Ge detectors in the 1960s marked the beginning of the significant use of semiconductor crystals for direct detection and spectroscopy of gamma-rays. In the 1970s, high-purity Ge became available, which enabled the production of complex detectors and multi-detector systems. In the following decades, the technology of semiconductor gamma-ray detectors continued to advance, with significant developments not only in Ge detectors but also in Si detectors and room-temperature compound-semiconductor detectors. In recent years, our group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has developed a variety of gamma-ray detectors based on these semiconductor materials. Examples include Ge strip detectors, lithium-drifted Si strip detectors, and coplanar-grid CdZnTe detectors. These advances provide new capabilities in the measurement of gamma-rays, such as the ability to perform imaging and the realization of highly compact spectroscopy systems. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Luke, PN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pnluke@lbl.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 145 EP 153 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0687-8 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500023 ER PT J AU Aryaeinejad, R Reber, EL Jewel, JK Cole, JD Drigert, MW AF Aryaeinejad, R Reber, EL Jewel, JK Cole, JD Drigert, MW TI Fission process and its application in fissile material identification SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CF-252 AB In this work, prompt gamma-rays emitted by thermal neutron-induced fission decay using fast coincidence techniques are used to identify both light and heavy fragments and obtain gamma-ray signatures and radiation multiplicity. The measurements were carried out with U-235 and Pu-239 targets using the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) at Argonne National Laboratory. This study reports the recent results of a preliminary analysis of experimental data collected from the induced fission of U-235 and Pu-239. In this paper, we discuss how these results could be used to characterize an unknown sample of fissile material. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,Mail Stop 2114, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM rahmat.aryaeinejad@inl.gov RI Reber, Edward/B-4742-2017 OI Reber, Edward/0000-0001-8959-5570 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0688-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500024 ER PT J AU Hartwell, JK McIlwain, ME AF Hartwell, JK McIlwain, ME TI Gamma-ray spectrometry combined with acceptable knowledge (GSAK): A technique for characterization of certain remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) wastes - Methodology and techniques SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Gamma-ray spectrometry combined with acceptable knowledge (GSAK) is a technique for the characterization of certain remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) wastes. GSAK uses gamma-ray spectrometry to quantify a portion of the fission product inventory of RH-TRU wastes. These fission product results are then coupled with calculated inventories derived from acceptable process knowledge to characterize the radionuclide content of the assayed wastes. GSAK has been evaluated and tested through several test exercises. This paper describes the GSAK approach, while Part II presents the test results. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hartwell, JK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM John.Hartwell@inl.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0694-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500030 ER PT J AU Hartwell, JK McIlwain, ME AF Hartwell, JK McIlwain, ME TI Gamma-ray spectrometry combined with acceptable knowledge (GSAK): A technique for characterization of certain remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) wastes - Part II: Testing and results SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Gamma-ray spectrometry combined with acceptable knowledge (GSAK) is a technique for the characterization of certain remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) wastes. GSAK uses gamma-ray spectrometry to quantify a portion of the fission product inventory of RH-TRU wastes. These fission product results are then coupled with calculated inventories derived from acceptable process knowledge to characterize the radionuclide content of the assayed wastes. GSAK has been evaluated and tested through several test exercises. This paper describes these tests and their results; while the former paper in this issue presents the methodology, equipment and techniques. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hartwell, JK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM John.Hartwell@inl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 205 EP 211 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0695-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500031 ER PT J AU Reber, EL Gehrke, RJ Aryaeinejad, R Hartwell, JK AF Reber, EL Gehrke, RJ Aryaeinejad, R Hartwell, JK TI Measurement of the fission yields of selected prompt and decay fission product gamma-rays of spontaneously fissioning Cf-252 and Cm-244 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Gamma-ray spectrometry measurements have been made of the fission yields of selected gamma-rays emitted by the spontaneously fissioning isotopes Cf-252 and Cm-244. The measured gamma-rays were selected based on their relative abundance in the spectrum and their freedom from interference or, in a few instances, ease of interference correction. From these data and the cumulative and independent yield data of England and Rider, those gamma -rays that are primarily produced by radioactive decay, as opposed to direct yield, were converted into the decays per spontaneous fission expressed in percent and compared to cumulative yield values of England and Rider. For those gamma-rays whose production is dominated by direct (independent) yield, the ratio of gamma- rays per spontaneous fission is reported. The gamma-ray yield can be compared to the independent yield values of England and Rider when 100%; of the direct feeding passes through the gamma-ray. In those cases where both cumulative and independent yields contribute to the observed gamma-ray emission rate, a direct comparison is not possible but a method to quantify the contribution from each is proposed. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Reber, EL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Esward.Reber@inl.gov RI Reber, Edward/B-4742-2017 OI Reber, Edward/0000-0001-8959-5570 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 243 EP 253 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0701-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500037 ER PT J AU Keyser, RM Hensley, WK AF Keyser, RM Hensley, WK TI Efficiency of germanium detectors as a function of energy and incident geometry: Comparison of measurements and calculations SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The use of HPGe detectors in counting situations where the sample is not easily reproduced has increased the use of models to determine the counting efficiency for the specific geometry. The accuracy of these simulations of the germanium detector response relies on detailed knowledge of the performance of the detector. Several different types of detectors were measured at different energies using a pencil beam of gamma-rays. These measurements showed that the dead layer was not uniform from detector to detector. This and the construction details were used to calculate the efficiency for several detectors. C1 ORTEC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Keyser, RM (reprint author), ORTEC, 801 S Illinois Ave, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ron.keyser@ortec-online.com NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 264 IS 1 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0703-z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910WI UT WOS:000227962500039 ER PT J AU Bobev, S Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Eck, B Dronskowski, R Kauzlarich, SM AF Bobev, S Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Eck, B Dronskowski, R Kauzlarich, SM TI Synthesis, structure and properties of the new rare-earth Zintl phase Yb11GaSb9 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE rare-earth intermetallics; crystal structure; magnetic measurements; Yb11GaSb9; heat capacity; DFT-calculations; Zintl phase ID MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TRANSITION-METAL; LA-ND; YB14MNSB11; COMPOUND; CLUSTERS; STATE AB A new rare-earth rich Zintl phase Yb11GaSb9 was synthesized by direct fusion of the corresponding elements, and large single crystals of the compound were obtained from high temperature flux synthesis. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction to be orthorhombic in the non-centrosymmetric space group Iba2 (No. 45), Z = 4 (R-1 = 3.24%, wR(2) = 6.40%) with a = 11.7257(12) angstrom, b = 12.3204(13)angstrom, = 16.633(2)angstrom measured at 90(3) K. The structure belongs to the Ca11InSb9-type and can be viewed as built of isolated Sb-4-tetrahedra centered by Ga, Sb-dimers and isolated Sb anions, which are separated by Yb2+ cations. Electron count according to the Zintl formalism suggests that the phase is electron-precise and charge-balanced, which is supported by the virtually temperature-independent magnetization for Yb11GaSb9. Electrical resistivity data from 2 to 400 K confirm that Yb11GaSb9 is a small band-gap semiconductor with room temperature resistivity rho(298) = 45.1 m Omega cm, and low-temperature resistivity at 2K rho(2) = 1.9 Omega cm. As such, Yb11GaSb9 and related compounds might be promising materials for thermoelectric applications, and currently, efforts to synthesize new members of this family and test their thermoelectric performance are under way. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Anorgan Chem, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bobev, S (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, 304A Drake Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM sbobev@chem.udel.edu RI Kauzlarich, Susan/H-1439-2011; Fritsch, Veronika/P-1352-2016 OI Fritsch, Veronika/0000-0002-6620-4554 NR 41 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 178 IS 4 BP 1071 EP 1079 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.01.008 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 932PZ UT WOS:000229567100017 ER PT J AU Guloy, A Corbett, JD AF Guloy, A Corbett, JD TI Syntheses and structure of the La(5)Ge(3)Z phases (Z = Si, Sn, Pb, Ga, In): Structural relationships among the M5X4-type structures SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE crystal structures; La5Ge4 derivatives; synthesis-La5Ge4 and derivatives; comparison of M5X4 structure types; La5Ge3Si,Si-synthesis and structures; La5Ge3Sn-synthesis and structure; La5Ge3Pb-synthesis and structure; La5Ge3,Si-0.75-synthesis and structure; La5Ge3Ga-synthesis and structure ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SM5GE4; GD-5(SI2GE2); TRANSITION; GERMANIDES; CHEMISTRY; METALS; SYSTEM; ZR5SI4; SERIES AB The indicated reactions under arc-melting or high-temperature sintering conditions in Ta containers lead to (1) the apparent Zintl phase La5Ge3Si0.75, stuffed Mn5S6-type, P6(3)/mcm from quenching; (2) alpha-La5Ge3Si (Sm5Ge4-type, Pnma); (3) beta-La5Ge3Si (Zr5Si4-type, P4(1)2(1)2) at high temperatures; (4) La(5)Ge(3)Tt, Tt = Sn, Pb, phases isotypic with 2); (5) the isotypic La5Ge3Tr, Tr = Ga, In, (Gd5Si4-type, Pnma). The structures of compounds 3 and 5 (for Tr = Ga) have been refined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. A general description of the three electron-poorer M5X4 Structure types 2,3,4 (and of Eu5As4-type (Cmca)) is given in terms of their common building block, an La(9)Tt(6) Cubeoctahedra centered about the tightest bound La. Some electronic bonding effects are also generalized with regard to the dominance of extra free electrons beyond simple Zintl expectations. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Iowa, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 178 IS 4 BP 1112 EP 1124 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.01.021 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 932PZ UT WOS:000229567100022 ER PT J AU Rai, D Xia, YX Rao, LF Hess, NJ Felmy, AR Moore, DA McCready, DE AF Rai, D Xia, YX Rao, LF Hess, NJ Felmy, AR Moore, DA McCready, DE TI Solubility of (UO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O in H+-Na+-OH--H2PO4-HPO42--PO43-H2O and its comparison to the analogous PuO22+ system SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thermodynamic data; solubility product; (PuO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(am); (UO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(c); U(VI) phosphate complexes; Pu(VI) phosphate complexes ID NATURAL-WATERS; HYDROUS OXIDE; THERMODYNAMICS; ELECTROLYTES; PRODUCT AB The objectives of this study were to address uncertainties in the solubility product of (UO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(c) and in the phosphate complexes of U(VI), and more importantly to develop needed thermodynamic data for the Pu(VI)-phosphate system in order to ascertain the extent to which U(VI) and Pu(VI) behave in an analogous fashion. Thus studies were conducted on (UO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(c) and (PuO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(am) solubilities for long-equilibration periods (up to 870 days) in a wide range of pH values (2.5 to 10.5) at fixed phosphate concentrations of 0.001 and 0.01 M, and in a range of phosphate concentrations (0.0001-1.0 M) at fixed pH values of about 3.5. A combination of techniques (XRD, DTA/TG, XAS, and thermodynamic analyses) was used to characterize the reaction products. The U(VI)-phosphate data for the most part agree closely with thermodynamic data presented in Guillaumont et al.,((1)) although we cannot verify the existence of several U(VI) hydrolyses and phosphate species and we find the reported value for formation constant of UO2PO4- is in error by more than two orders of magnitude. A comprehensive thermodynamic model for (PuO2)(3)(PO4)(2)center dot 4H(2)O(am) solubility in the H+-Na+-OH--Cl--H2PO4--HPO42--PO43--H2O system, previously unavailable, is presented and the data shows that the U(VI)-phosphate system is an excellent analog for the Pu(VI)-phosphate system. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rai, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dhan.rai@pnl.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 469 EP 498 DI 10.1007/s10953-005-5216-4 PG 30 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 946RZ UT WOS:000230591300007 ER PT J AU Cartoixa, X Ting, DZY Chang, YC AF Cartoixa, X Ting, DZY Chang, YC TI [111] heterostructures for spin devices SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE spintronics; D'yakonov-Perel; bulk inversion asymmetry; Rashba; [111] heterostructures ID QUANTUM-WELLS; RELAXATION ANISOTROPY; ELECTRONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSISTOR AB The symmetry properties of [111] quantum wells (QWs) and superlattices, and in particular the fact that the symmetry is not reduced when bulk inversion asymmetry (BIA) is supplemented with structural inversion asymmetry [SIA (Rashba)], have important consequences for spin dynamics and transport. We compute the effective spin Hamiltonians for [111] and [110] structures, and show that for the [111] case the splitting can be made to vanish to lowest order when BIA and SIA effects are of equal strength. As a consequence, the D'yakonov Perel' spin relaxation mechanism is suppressed for all spin components. This effect forms the base for an improved version of the Datta-Das and a recently proposed family of spin transistors. For [110]-grown QWs, the effect of SIA is to augment the spin relaxation rate of the component perpendicular to the well. We derive analytical expressions for the spin lifetime tensor and its proper axes, and see that they are dependent on the relative magnitude of the BIA- and SIA-induced splittings. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Cartoixa, X (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM XCartoixa-Soler@lbl.gov RI Chang, Yia-Chung/F-4239-2011 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD APR PY 2005 VL 18 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1007/s10948-005-3353-z PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 924ZY UT WOS:000229022500005 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG Pride, SR AF Berryman, JG Pride, SR TI Dispersion of waves in porous cylinders with patchy saturation: Formulation and torsional waves SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL GAS SATURATION; EXTENSIONAL WAVES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; SURFACE STIFFNESS; FREQUENCY RANGE; ROCKS; PROPAGATION; ATTENUATION; VELOCITY; SOLIDS AB Laboratory experiments on wave propagation through saturated and partially saturated porous media have often been conducted on porous cylinders that were initially fully saturated and then allowed to dry while continuing to acquire data on the wave behavior. Since it is known that drying typically progresses from outside to inside, a sensible physical model of this process is concentric cylinders having different saturation levels-the simplest example being a fully dry outer cylindrical shell together with a fully wet inner cylinder. We use this model to formulate the equations for wave dispersion in porous cylinders for patchy saturation (i.e., drainage) conditions. In addition to multiple modes of propagation obtained numerically from these dispersion relations, we find two distinct analytical expressions for torsional wave modes. We solve the resulting torsional wave dispersion relation for two examples: Massillon sandstone and Sierra White granite. One essential fact that comes to light during the analysis is that the effective shear moduli of the gas- and liquid-saturated regions must differ, otherwise it is impossible to account for the laboratory torsional wave data. Furthermore, the drainage analysis appears to give improved qualitative and quantitative agreement with the data for both of the materials considered. (c) 2005 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM berryman1@llnl.gov; srpride@lbl.gov RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD APR PY 2005 VL 117 IS 4 BP 1785 EP 1795 DI 10.1121/1.1861712 PN 1 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 919OW UT WOS:000228628400010 PM 15898625 ER PT J AU Lipfert, F Morris, S Sullivan, T Moskowitz, P Renninger, S AF Lipfert, F Morris, S Sullivan, T Moskowitz, P Renninger, S TI Methylmercury, fish consumption, and the precautionary principle SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SEYCHELLES CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; GREAT-LAKES FISH; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PROBABILISTIC ASSESSMENT; MERCURY DEPOSITION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; ARCTIC QUEBEC; POPULATION AB This paper considers several broad issues in the context of probabilistic assessment of the benefits of curtailing mercury (Hg) emissions from U.S. coal-fired power plants, based on information developed from recent literature and epidemiology studies of health effects of methylmercury. Exposure of the U.S. population is considered on the national scale, in large part because of recent questions arising from survey and experimental data about the relative importance of local deposition of airborne Hg. Although epidemiological studies have provided useful information, safe levels of Hg exposure remain uncertain, in part because of other dietary considerations in the populations that were studied. For example, much of the seafood consumed in one of the major studies was also contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls, as are fish taken from some U.S. fresh waters. The primary epidemiological approach involves cross-study comparisons in relation to mean exposures, rather than detailed critiques of individual effects reported in each study. U.S. exposures are seen to be well below the levels at which adverse health effects are reported. This analysis supports the conclusion that unilateral reduction of Hg emissions from U.S. coal-fired power plants alone is unlikely to realize significant public health benefits. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Babcock & Wilcox Co, Barberton, OH USA. RP Sullivan, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tsullivan@bnl.gov NR 80 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD APR PY 2005 VL 55 IS 4 BP 388 EP 398 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 914NK UT WOS:000228234300002 PM 15887881 ER PT J AU Qian, J Pantea, C Zhang, J Daemen, LL Zhao, Y Tang, M Uchida, T Wang, Y AF Qian, J Pantea, C Zhang, J Daemen, LL Zhao, Y Tang, M Uchida, T Wang, Y TI Yield strength of alpha-silicon nitride at high pressure and high temperature SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SPINEL PHASE; SI3N4; TRANSFORMATION; BETA-SI3N4; EQUATION; STATE AB Through the analysis of peak broadening of energy-dispersive diffraction lines from a powdered sample, the yield strength of alpha-Si3N4 was investigated at a pressure of 9 GPa and temperatures up to 1234 degrees C. During compression at room temperature, the lattice strain deduced from peak broadening increased linearly with pressure up to 9.2 GPa, with no clear indication of strain saturation. While heating at 9 GPa, diffraction peaks narrowed and significant stress relaxation was observed at temperatures above 400 degrees C, indicating the onset of yielding. The yield strength of alpha-Si3N4 decreases rapidly with increasing temperature: from 8.7 GPa at 400 degrees C to 4.0 GPa at 1234 degrees C. The low temperature for the onset of yielding and decrease of yield strength upon further heating bring up concern regarding the performance of alpha-Si3N4 as an engineering material. Finally, the grain size variation is also outlined together with the dependence of differential strain on pressure and on temperature. This provides crucial information for clarifying the "fine structure" of the evolution of the differential strain. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Qian, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lansce 12,MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jiangq@lant.gov RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2005 VL 88 IS 4 BP 903 EP 906 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00163.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 916AW UT WOS:000228354900018 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH Becher, PF AF Hsueh, CH Becher, PF TI Effective viscosity of suspensions of spheres SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DISPERSIONS; STRESS; INCLUSIONS; PARTICLES; SYSTEMS AB Modeling the effective viscosity of suspensions of spheres beyond the dilute limit is a difficult problem that has challenged researchers for nearly a century since Einstein derived an equation for dilute suspensions. Hydrodynamics modeling requires complex mathematical treatments of integral equations describing interactions between spheres, and its solutions have been limited to semidilute dispersion of monosized hard spheres. Mechanics modeling treats suspensions in a statistical sense and generally provides upper and lower bounds solutions for polydispersed suspensions. A closed-form solution for the effective viscosity of concentrated suspensions of monosized spheres using both the elastic-viscous analogy and the analogy between the effective dielectric constant of a polarizable medium and the effective viscosity of two-phase flow is derived in the present study. Existing measurements and numerical simulations support present analytical results. A closed-form solution for polydispersed suspensions using a differential model is also derived, and the results are within existing bounds solutions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hsuehc@ornl.gov RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2005 VL 88 IS 4 BP 1046 EP 1049 DI 10.1111/j.1551.2916-2005.00204.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 916AW UT WOS:000228354900052 ER PT J AU Lu, ZG Zhu, JH Payzant, EA Paranthaman, MP AF Lu, ZG Zhu, JH Payzant, EA Paranthaman, MP TI Electrical conductivity of the manganese chromite spinel solid solution SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; AIR; CR2O3 AB Spinell phase based on Mn(1-x)Cr(2-x)O(4)(0 <= x <= 1) was synthesized and characterized. The lattice parameter of the spinel was found to increase with increasing Mn content up to x = 0.7. At x > 0.7, the cubic spinel changed to tetragonal because of Jahn-Teller distortion. The electrical conductivity of the spinel also increased with increasing Mn content. Electrical conduction in this phase was likely through a small polaron hopping mechanism. The spinel phase showed similar electrical conductivity in both oxidizing and reducing environments expected in a solid oxide fuel cell operation. C1 Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhu, JH (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM jzhu@tntech.edu RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Lu, Zigui/0000-0001-9848-7088 NR 20 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2005 VL 88 IS 4 BP 1050 EP 1053 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00205.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 916AW UT WOS:000228354900053 ER PT J AU Ding, CHQ AF Ding, CHQ TI A probabilistic model for Latent Semantic Indexing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL; TEXT AB Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), when applied to semantic space built on text collections, improves information retrieval, information filtering, and word sense disambiguation. A new dual probability model based on the similarity concepts is introduced to provide deeper understanding of LSI. Semantic associations can be quantitatively characterized by their statistical significance, the likelihood. Semantic dimensions containing redundant and noisy information can be separated out and should be ignored because their negative contribution to the overall statistical significance. LSI is the optimal solution of the model. The peak in the likelihood curve indicates the existence of an intrinsic semantic dimension. The importance of LSI dimensions follows the Zipf-distribution, indicating that LSI dimensions represent latent concepts. Document frequency of words follows the Zipf distribution, and the number of distinct words follows log-normal distribution. Experiments on five standard document collections confirm and illustrate the analysis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ding, CHQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 36 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1532-2882 J9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 56 IS 6 BP 597 EP 608 DI 10.1002/asi.20148 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 910UM UT WOS:000227957700004 ER PT J AU Wunschel, SC Jarman, KH Petersen, CE Valentine, NB Wahl, KL Schauki, D Jackman, J Nelson, CP White, E AF Wunschel, SC Jarman, KH Petersen, CE Valentine, NB Wahl, KL Schauki, D Jackman, J Nelson, CP White, E TI Bacterial analysis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: An inter-lab oratory comparison SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID MICROORGANISM IDENTIFICATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REPRODUCIBILITY; PROTEINS; CELLS AB Bacterial analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry has been demonstrated in numerous laboratories, and a few attempts have been made to compare results from different laboratories on the same organism. It has been difficult to understand the causes behind the observed differences between laboratories when different instruments, matrices, solvents, etc. are used. In order to establish this technique as a useful tool for bacterial identification, additional efforts in standardizing the methods by which MALDI mass spectra are obtained and comparisons of spectra from different instruments with different operators are needed. Presented here is an extension of our previous single-laboratory reproducibility study with three different laboratories in a controlled experiment with aliquots of the same bacterial culture, matrix stock solution, and calibrant standards. Using automated spectral collection of whole-cell bacteria and automated data processing and analysis algorithms, fingerprints from three different laboratories were constructed and compared. Nine of the ions appeared reproducibly within all three laboratories, with additional unique ions observed within each of the laboratories. An initial evaluation of the ability to use a fingerprint generated within one laboratory for bacterial identification of a sample from another laboratory is presented, and strategies for improving identification rates between laboratories is discussed. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2005,16, 456-462) (c) 2005 American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Wahl, KL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS P8-08, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Karen.Wahl@pnl.gov NR 14 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD APR PY 2005 VL 16 IS 4 BP 456 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.12.004 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 911RD UT WOS:000228021400005 PM 15792714 ER PT J AU Kaiser, NK Anderson, GA Bruce, JE AF Kaiser, NK Anderson, GA Bruce, JE TI Improved mass accuracy for tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; ELECTRON-CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; AUTOMATED GAIN-CONTROL; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; INTERNAL CALIBRATION; FT-ICR; TRANSFORM; PEPTIDE; ACCUMULATION AB With the emergence of top-down proteomics, the ability to achieve high mass measurement accuracy on tandem MS/MS data will be beneficial for protein identification and characterization. (FT-ICR) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers are the ideal instruments to perform these experiments with their ability to provide high resolution and mass accuracy. A major limitation to mass measurement accuracy in FT-ICR instruments arises from the occurrence of space charge effects. These space charge effects shift the cyclotron frequency of the ions, which compromises the mass measurement accuracy. While several methods have been developed that correct these space charge effects, they have limitations when applied to MS/MS experiments. It has already been shown that additional information inherent in electrospray spectra can be used for improved mass measurement accuracy with the use of a computer algorithm called DeCAL (deconvolution of Coulombic affected linearity). This paper highlights a new application of the strategy for improved mass accuracy in tandem mass analysis. The results show a significant improvement in mass measurement accuracy on complex electron capture dissociation spectra of proteins. We also demonstrate how the improvement in mass accuracy can increase the confidence in protein identification from the fragment masses of proteins acquired in MS/MS experiments. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2005, 16, 463-470) (c) 2004 American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Bruce, JE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM james_bruce@wsu.edu NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD APR PY 2005 VL 16 IS 4 BP 463 EP 470 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.12.005 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 911RD UT WOS:000228021400006 PM 15792715 ER PT J AU Magi, BI Hobbs, PV Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hegg, DA Gao, S Redemann, J Schmid, B AF Magi, BI Hobbs, PV Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hegg, DA Gao, S Redemann, J Schmid, B TI Aerosol properties and chemical apportionment of aerosol optical depth at locations off the US east coast in July and August 2001 SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS BURNING SEASON; MID-ATLANTIC COAST; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; SINGLE-SCATTERING ALBEDO; AIRBORNE IN-SITU; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SULFATE AEROSOLS; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; UNITED-STATES; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS AB Airborne in situ measurements of vertical profiles of the aerosol light scattering coefficient, light absorption coefficient, and single scattering albedo (omega(0) ) are presented for locations off the East Coast of the United States in July-August 2001. The profiles were obtained in relatively clean air, dominated by airflows that had passed over Canada and the Atlantic Ocean. Comparisons of aerosol optical depths (AODs) at 550 nm derived from airborne in situ and sun-photometer measurements agree, on average, to within 0.034 +/- 0.021. A frequency distribution of omega(0) measured in the atmospheric boundary layer off the coast yields an average value of omega(0) = 0.96 +/- 0.03 at 550 am. Values for the mass scattering efficiencies of sulfate and total carbon (organic and black carbon) derived from a multiple linear regression are 6.0 +/- 1.0 m(2) (g SO4=)(-1) and 2.6 +/- 0.9 m(2) (g C)(-1), respectively. Measurements of sulfate and total carbon mass concentrations are used to estimate the contributions of these two major components of the submicron aerosol to the AOD. Mean percentage contributions to the AOD from sulfate, total carbon, condensed water, and absorbing aerosols are 38% +/- 8%, 26% +/- 9%, 32% +/- 9%, and 4% +/- 2%, respectively. The sensitivity of the above results to the assumed values of the hygroscopic growth factors for the particles are examined and it is found that, although the AOD derived from the in situ measurements can vary by as much as 20%, the average value of omega(0) is not changed significantly. The results are compared with those obtained in the same region in 1996 under more polluted conditions. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA USA. RP Hobbs, PV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM phobbs@atmos.washington.edu RI Magi, Brian/K-2000-2015 OI Magi, Brian/0000-0001-8131-0083 NR 36 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 62 IS 4 BP 919 EP 933 DI 10.1175/JAS3263.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 918EL UT WOS:000228525000003 ER PT J AU Bol, A Dvorak, J Arena, D AF Bol, A Dvorak, J Arena, D TI Diamond-like-carbon LC-alignment layers for application in LCOS microdisplays SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION DISPLAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Advanced Display Technologies CY SEP 07-10, 2004 CL Minsk, BYELARUS SP Raubichi Natl Olymp Ctr, SID, Belarusian Minist Educ, Belarusian State Univ Informat & Radioelect DE LC alignment; DLC; ion milling AB To improve the lifetime and yield of LCOS microdisplays, non-contact LC alignment techniques using inorganic materials are under investigation. This report focuses on oblique ion-beam treatment of diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers, and in particular on the influence of the ion dose on the LC alignment on DLC, keeping the ion-beam angle (40 degrees) and ion-beam energy (170 eV) the same. LC alignment on ion-milled DLC layers is uniform if the ion dose is between 3.8 x 10(-4) C/cm(2) and 5.5 x 10(-3) C/cm(2). Above and below this ion dose range, non-uniform alignment is observed. NEXAFS experiments show that this is caused by lack of molecular anisotropy on the surface of the ion-milled DLC layers. By varying the ion dose between 3.8 x 10(-4) C/cm(2) and 5.5 x 10(-3) C/cm(2), LC molecules have an average pre-tilt between 3 degrees and 5 degrees, which is within the desired range for application in LCOS microdisplays. The lifetime of the LCOS microdisplays with ion-milled DLC for projection-TV application is, however, shorter than the lifetime of microdisplays with PI layers. Ion milling probably creates a reactive surface that is unstable under the high light fluxes used in projection TVs. A solution for this problem could be chemical passivation of the ion-milled alignment layers. Initial experiments with passivation of ion-milled PI resulted in an increase in lifetime, but the lifetime after passivation was still lower than the lifetime of rubbed PI layers (factor 0.7). Nevertheless, ion-milling of DLC or PI can be a good alternative LC alignment technique in other LCD applications. LC-alignment layers based on inorganic layers such as obliquely deposited SiO2 films would be a better option for application in LCOS microdisplays due to their higher light stability. C1 Philips LCOS Microdisplay Syst, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bol, A (reprint author), Philips LCOS Microdisplay Syst, 345 Scarborough Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. EM ageethbol@gmail.com RI Bol, Ageeth/E-3071-2014; OI Bol, Ageeth/0000-0002-1259-6265 NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC INFORMATION DISPLAY PI SAN JOSE PA 610 S SECOND STREET, SAN JOSE, CA 95112 USA SN 1071-0922 J9 J SOC INF DISPLAY JI J. Soc. Inf. Disp. PD APR PY 2005 VL 13 IS 4 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1889/1.1904927 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 025PI UT WOS:000236278600004 ER PT J AU Speirs, C van Nimwegen, E Bolton, D Zavolan, M Duvall, M Angleman, S Siegel, R Perelson, AS Lenardo, MJ AF Speirs, C van Nimwegen, E Bolton, D Zavolan, M Duvall, M Angleman, S Siegel, R Perelson, AS Lenardo, MJ TI Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus cytopathicity by using a new method for quantitating viral dynamics in cell culture SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 VPR; T-CELLS; COMBINATION THERAPY; IN-VIVO; INFECTION; APOPTOSIS; TYPE-1; PROTEIN; PATHOGENESIS; LYMPHOCYTES AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes complex metabolic changes in infected CD4(+) T cells that lead to cell cycle arrest and cell death by necrosis. To study the viral functions responsible for deleterious effects on the host cell, we quantitated the course of HIV type I infection in tissue cultures by using How cytometry for a virally encoded marker protein, heat-stable antigen (HSA). We found that HSA appeared on the surface of the target cells in two phases: passive acquisition due to association and fusion of virions with target cells, followed by active protein expression from transcription of the integrated provirus. The latter event was necessary for decreased target cell viability. We developed a general mathematical model of viral dynamics in vitro in terms of three effective time-dependent rates: those of cell proliferation, infection, and death. Using this model we show that the predominant contribution to the depletion of viable target cells results from direct cell death rather than cell cycle blockade. This allows us to derive accurate bounds on the time-dependent death rates of infected cells. We infer that the death rate of HIV-infected cells is 80 times greater than that of uninfected cells and that the elimination of the vpr protein reduces the death rate by half. Our approach provides a general method for estimating time-dependent death rates that can be applied to study the dynamics of other viruses. C1 NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Basel, Div Bioinformat, Biozentrum, Basel, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Lenardo, MJ (reprint author), NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11N311,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1892, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Lenardo@nih.gov RI Siegel, Richard/C-7592-2009; OI Siegel, Richard/0000-0001-5953-9893; Angleman, Sara/0000-0002-9520-5716; van Nimwegen, Erik/0000-0001-6338-1312; Zavolan, Mihaela/0000-0002-8832-2041 FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01 RR006555, RR06555]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433, R01 AI028433, R37 AI028433] NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 79 IS 7 BP 4025 EP 4032 DI 10.1128/JVI.79.7.4025-4032.2005 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 907UO UT WOS:000227743700013 PM 15767404 ER PT J AU Keating, GN AF Keating, GN TI The role of water in cooling ignimbrites SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ignimbrite; water; heat flow; numerical modeling; welding ID DRIVEN SLURRY FORMATION; KATMAI-NATIONAL-PARK; MOUNT ST-HELENS; ASH-FLOW TUFFS; 10000 SMOKES; BISHOP-TUFF; PYROCLAST/SNOW INTERACTIONS; HYDROTHERMAL EVENT; ERUPTIVE DEPOSITS; ALASKA AB A summary of observational literature on ignimbrites provides the basis for the development of a two-dimensional numerical model of ignimbrite cooling processes. Factors include emplacement conditions, post-emplacement processes, and the nature and timing of interactions with water during cooling. The model uses the multiphase finite element heat and mass transfer (FEHM) code, which has been enhanced to handle conditions up to 1500 degrees C. The instantaneous emplacement of a 750 degrees C ignimbrite with internal gas pressures of up to 0.5 MPa (lithostatic) has a great effect on the variably saturated substrate. A water table present within a few tens of meters of the base of the ignimbrite produces a region of high pressure and temperature that exists for about 20 years, driving vapor upward through the ignimbrite as difftise flow and in gas escape structures and enhancing cooling at the base of the ignimbrite. Variations in initial gas pressure between atmospheric and lithostatic conditions have little effect on the thermal evolution. The results of the numerical modeling of 20- and 40-m-thick ignimbrites indicate that, even for moderate pore water saturations in the substrate, vaporization and resultant pressurization may exceed lithostatic confining pressures in the upper substrate and basal ignimbrite, and explosive pressure release may occur, resulting in the development of discrete fumarole conduits or phreatic explosions. The likelihood for explosive pressure release appears to be greater when the nominal ignimbrite thickness is on the order of the depth of a buried valley. The pressure buildup is enhanced by the geometry of the ignimbrite-substrate interface, especially at convex corners such as on the edges of a buried valley. The boiling zones at the top and bottom of a cooling ignimbrite involve the development of a heat-pipe, which provides an efficient means of transporting heat from the superheated tephra out tens of meters into the ambient environment. The predicted temporal evolution of temperature, pressure, and vapor flow in a 40-m ignimbrite support the conceptual model of degassing, welding and compaction, devitrification, and alteration occurring concomitantly in the first several years after emplacement and driven in part by production and migration of meteoric steam. This vapor flowing through the ignimbrite matrix at 5 x 10(-5) kg s(-1) in the first 10 years enhances devitrification in any part of the ignimbrite above the base in nonwelded deposits. In the case where welding occurs, lower permeability limits the diffuse flow of gas upward through the ignimbrite from the region of boiling and pore pressurization at the base, and enhanced devitrification in the basal parts of the ignimbrite may occur where pore vapors circulate in abundance. Immediately above the welded zone, a devitrified horizon may develop where the upper boiling/condensation zone and perched meteoric infiltration results in enhanced saturations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keating, GN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS D452, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gkeating@lanl.gov NR 66 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.10.019 PG 27 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 922EE UT WOS:000228818400009 ER PT J AU DeVault, TL Reinhart, BD Brisbin, IL Rhodes, OE AF DeVault, TL Reinhart, BD Brisbin, IL Rhodes, OE TI Flight behavior of black and turkey vultures: Implications for reducing bird-aircraft collisions SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aviation; bird-aircraft collisions; black vulture; Cathartes aura; Coragyps atratus; flight behavior; military; movements; radiotelemetry; South Carolina; turkey vulture ID HOME RANGES; FOOD; COMPETITION; AIR AB Mid-air collisions with black vultures (Coragyps atratus) and turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) regularly cause substantial damage to military and civilian aircraft. Information concerning the flight behavior of black and turkey vultures potentially could improve predictive models designed to reduce bird strikes by aircraft. We examined the flight behavior of black and turkey vultures at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina, USA, and determined whether flight characteristics were predictable with respect to weather and time variables. We captured birds at their primary roost and subsequently relocated them via aerial telemetry from I I February 2002 through 29 January 2003. One hundred eighty of 326 locations (55%) for 8 black vultures and 129 of 206 locations (63%) for 5 turkey vultures were of flying birds. Black vultures flew at an average altitude of 169 +/- 115 (SD) m above ground level, whereas turkey vulture flight altitude averaged 163 +/- 92 m. Our results contrast with those of previous studies that reported, less frequent and lower altitude flights. The flight behavior of both species appeared to be influenced minimally by weather and time variables. However, we were unable to construct useful models predicting aspects of flight behavior using the variables we measured (all models had R-2 or pseudo R-2 values < 0.10). We suggest that other factors, such as food availability inter- and intra-specific interactions, and physiological demands play a larger role in vulture flight behavior than the variables we measured. Our results suggest that the development of bird avoidance strategies by aircraft operators should consider the variability of flight behaviors of black and turkey vultures across their ranges. Future research emphases should shift from examinations of the effects of local conditions on flight behavior to the elucidation of factors contributing to differences in flight behavior among regions. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP DeVault, TL (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM devauld@purdue.edu NR 24 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2005 VL 69 IS 2 BP 601 EP 608 DI 10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[0601:FBOBAT]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 955CW UT WOS:000231203700014 ER PT J AU Trombettoni, A Smerzi, A Sodano, P AF Trombettoni, A Smerzi, A Sodano, P TI On defect-mediated transitions in bosonic planar lattices SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Laser Physics Workshop CY JUL 12-16, 2004 CL Trieste, ITALY ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; PHASE-TRANSITION; OPTICAL LATTICES; ULTRACOLD ATOMS; SUPERFLUID; INSULATOR; MAGNETIZATION; FILMS; MODEL; GAS AB We discuss the finite-temperature properties of Bose-Einstein condensates loaded on a 2D optical lattice. In an experimentally attainable range of parameters, the system is described by the XY model at finite temperature, which undergoes a Berezinskii-K osterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition driven by the vortex pair unbinding. The interference pattern of the expanding condensates provides the experimental signature of the BKT transition: near the critical temperature, the k = 0 component of the momentum distribution sharply decreases. C1 Univ Parma, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-43100 Parma, Italy. Univ Parma, Dipartimento Fis, I-43100 Parma, Italy. Univ Trent, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, BEC CRS, I-38050 Trento, Italy. Univ Trent, Dipartimento Fis, I-38050 Trento, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Sez INFN, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Univ Parma, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Parco Area Sci 7A, I-43100 Parma, Italy. EM Andrea.Trombettoni@pg.infn.it NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1054-660X EI 1555-6611 J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 15 IS 4 BP 669 EP 673 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 921SY UT WOS:000228786400031 ER PT J AU Meek, TT von Roedern, B Clem, PG Hanrahan, RJ AF Meek, TT von Roedern, B Clem, PG Hanrahan, RJ TI Some optical properties of intrinsic and doped UO2 thin films SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE electronic materials; optical materials and properties; urania dioxide AB Thin films of depleted uranium dioxide were made using the sol-gel approach. Films were deposited onto sapphire and MgO substrates that were 0.1 mm thick. Film thickness ranged from 1540 Angstrom to 2470 Angstrom. Intrinsic films were made as were films doped with aluminum, fluorine, phosphorus, nitrogen, and boron. Dopant concentrations ranged from 10(19) to 10(21) atoms/cc. Optical transmission data obtained on these samples revealed a range in bandgap from 2.0 to 2.5 eV identifying this as a wide bandgap semiconductor. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meek, TT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 434 Dougherty Engn Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. EM tmeek1@utk.edu NR 4 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 59 IS 8-9 BP 1085 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2004.12.012 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 899SB UT WOS:000227164000051 ER PT J AU Schulte, RW Bashkirov, V Klock, MCL Li, TF Wroe, AJ Evseev, I Williams, DC Satogata, T AF Schulte, RW Bashkirov, V Klock, MCL Li, TF Wroe, AJ Evseev, I Williams, DC Satogata, T TI Density resolution of proton computed tomography SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE proton computed tomography; density resolution; Monte Carlo simulation ID LARGE ENERGY LOSSES; STRAGGLING DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATION-THERAPY; RADIOGRAPHY; BEAM; RECONSTRUCTION; PARTICLE; POWER; CT AB Conformal proton radiation therapy requires accurate prediction of the Bragg peak position. Protons may be more suitable than conventional x rays for this task since the relative electron density distribution can be measured directly with proton computed tomography (CT). However, proton CT has its own limitations, which need to be carefully studied before this technique can be introduced into routine clinical practice. In this work, we have used analytical relationships as well as the Monte Carlo simulation tool GEANT4 to study the principal resolution limits of proton CT. The noise level observed in proton CT images of a cylindrical water phantom with embedded tissue-equivalent density inhomogeneities, which were generated based on GEANT4 simulations, compared well with predictions based on Tschalar's theory of energy loss straggling. The relationship between phantom thickness, initial energy, and the relative electron density resolution was systematically investigated to estimate the proton dose needed to obtain a given density resolution. We show that a reasonable density resolution can be achieved with a relatively small dose, which is comparable to or even lower than that of x-ray CT. (c) 2005 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. C1 Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. Fed Ctr Technol Educ Parana State, BR-80230901 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Polytech Inst, BR-28630050 Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schulte, RW (reprint author), Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. EM rschulte@dominion.llumc.edu RI Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL51466] NR 33 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD APR PY 2005 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1046 DI 10.1118/1.1884906 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 920AP UT WOS:000228659700024 PM 15895588 ER PT J AU Brown, DW Abeln, SP Blumenthal, WR Bourke, MAM Mataya, MC Tome, CN AF Brown, DW Abeln, SP Blumenthal, WR Bourke, MAM Mataya, MC Tome, CN TI Development of crystallographic texture during high rate deformation of rolled and hot-pressed beryllium SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MECHANICAL RESPONSE; ZIRCONIUM; ALLOYS; COMPRESSION; SIMULATION; STRESS; STRAIN; SLIP; MG AB Weakly textured hot-pressed (HP) beryllium and strongly textured hot-rolled beryllium were compressed using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) (strain rate -4500 s(-1)) to a maximum of 20 pct plastic strain as a function of temperature. The evolution of the crystallographic texture was monitored with neutron diffraction and compared to polycrystal plasticity models for the purpose of interpretation. The macroscopic response of the material and the active deformation mechanisms were found to be highly dependent on the orientation of the load with respect to the initial texture. Specifically, twinning is inactive when loaded parallel to the strong basal fiber but accounts for 27 pct of the plastic strain when loaded transverse to the basal fiber. In randomly textured samples, 15 pct of the plastic strain is accomplished by twinning. The role of deformation mechanisms with components out of the basal plane (i.e., twinning and pyramidal slip) is discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dbrown@lanl.gov RI Barsoum, Michel/I-2842-2012; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013 OI Barsoum, Michel/0000-0001-7800-3517; NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 36A IS 4 BP 929 EP 939 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0287-9 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 910FC UT WOS:000227914900005 ER PT J AU Mirkarimi, PB Spiller, E Baker, SL Robinson, JC Stearns, DG Liddle, JA Salmassi, F Liang, T Stivers, AR AF Mirkarimi, PB Spiller, E Baker, SL Robinson, JC Stearns, DG Liddle, JA Salmassi, F Liang, T Stivers, AR TI Advancing the ion beam thin film planarization process for the smoothing of substrate particles SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE extreme ultraviolet lithography; reticle; mask; multilayer; film; defect; smoothing; microelectronic manufacturing ID DEPOSITION PROCESS; LOCALIZED DEFECTS; GOLD NANOSPHERES AB For a number of technologies small substrate contaminants are undesirable, and for one technology in particular, extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), they can be a very serious issue. We have demonstrated that the Ion Beam Thin Film Planarization Process, a coating process designed to planarize substrate asperities, can be extended to smooth similar to 70 and similar to 80 nm diameter particles on EUVL reticle substrates to a height of similar to 0.5 nm, which will render them noncritical in an EUVL printing process. We demonstrate this smoothing process using controlled nanoscale substrate particles and lines fabricated with an e-beam lithography process. The above smoothing process was also modified to yield an excellent reflectance/wavelength uniformity and a good EUV reflectivity for the multilayer, which is required for EUVL reticles. XTEM on a smoothed substrate line defect shows excellent agreement with results obtained from our multilayer growth model. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OS Associates, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA. RP Mirkarimi, PB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mirkarimi@ilnl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 77 IS 3-4 BP 369 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.mee.2004.12.098 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 921WV UT WOS:000228797200024 ER PT J AU Randolph, SJ Hale, MD Guillorn, MA Rack, PD Simpson, ML AF Randolph, SJ Hale, MD Guillorn, MA Rack, PD Simpson, ML TI A microfabrication process for a vacuum-encapsulated microchamber SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE microchamber; field emission; vacuum encapsulation; thin film processing; microencapsulation; microfabrication; microelectromechanical systems ID THIN-FILMS; FABRICATION; TUNGSTEN AB A process for creating and testing an on-chip microscale vacuum chamber utilizing standard microfabrication techniques was developed. The fabrication of the microchamber is compatible with the processing of vertical field emission (FE) devices. Using 14 mu m diameter patterned photoresist octagons as a mold, a rigid tungsten structure was deposited covering a 2 mu m diameter etched hole representing the device region. Standard microfabrication techniques were employed to etch eight-1 mu m diameter vias through the tungsten structural layer to allow for removal of the photoresist layer. Subsequent to the photoresist removal, an aluminum film was sputter deposited in vacuum to encapsulate the chamber in a sub-atmospheric pressure environment. Patterning of electrodes into the metallic layers allowed for subsequent testing of the microchamber. The results of current-voltage measurements that were performed on encapsulated and unencapsulated structures demonstrated the ability of the microchambers to maintain vacuum. The described fabrication process yielded a microchamber with a contained pressure of 50 mTorr, however, the process is also compatible with high-vacuum sealing. In this paper, we report the details of the fabrication process and provide the results of testing a vacuum-encapsulated microchamber. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Randolph, SJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 434 Dougherty Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM SRANDOL3@UTK.EDU RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 77 IS 3-4 BP 412 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.mee.2005.02.003 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 921WV UT WOS:000228797200029 ER PT J AU Dunphy, KA Karnik, RN Trinkle, C Majumdar, A AF Dunphy, KA Karnik, RN Trinkle, C Majumdar, A TI Analysis of governing parameters for silver-silver chloride electrodes in microfluidic electrokinetic devices SO MICROSCALE THERMOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electrokinetic; microfluidics; silver-silver chloride; electrode arrays; low voltage ID CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; LIVING CELLS; DIELECTROPHORESIS; DNA; FABRICATION; ARRAY; MICROELECTRODES; MICROCHIP; PARTICLES AB `Electrokinetics has become a popular method of both particulate and fluidic control in microdevices. In an effort to address the problems associated with conventional electrokinetic control, we use silver-silver chloride electrodes for low-voltage, spatially localized electrokinetic control in microfluidic devices. This work presents an analysis of the electric fields generated by silver-silver chloride electrodes and establishes a nondimensional design parameter that governs the device performance. In addition, an optimal parameter space for maximum electrode longevity is presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dunphy, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kadunphy@berkeley.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1089-3954 J9 MICROSCALE THERM ENG JI Microscale Thermophys. Eng. PD APR-JUN PY 2005 VL 9 IS 2 BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1080/10893950590945067 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924UN UT WOS:000229006100006 ER PT J AU Lupini, AR Chisholm, ME van Benthem, K Allen, LJ Oxley, MP Findlay, SD Varela, M Pennycook, SJ AF Lupini, AR Chisholm, ME van Benthem, K Allen, LJ Oxley, MP Findlay, SD Varela, M Pennycook, SJ TI Limitations to the measurement of oxygen concentrations by HRTEM imposed by surface roughness SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Letter ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; RESOLUTION C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Lupini, AR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Findlay, Scott/C-9764-2013; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Lentzen, Markus/K-8291-2013 OI Findlay, Scott/0000-0003-4862-4827; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Lentzen, Markus/0000-0003-1609-7823 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 2 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1017/S1431927605050300 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 912GZ UT WOS:000228066900001 PM 15817138 ER PT J AU Kennedy, MS Olson, AL Raupp, JC Moody, NR Bahr, DF AF Kennedy, MS Olson, AL Raupp, JC Moody, NR Bahr, DF TI Coupling bulge testing and nanoindention to characterize materials properties of bulk micromachined structures SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID THIN-FILMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MODULUS; LAYERS AB Nanoindentation and the continuous stiffness method was used to obtain the elastic modulus of Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O-3 (X:1-XPZT) thin films that can be utilized in high aspect ratio structures. PZT films were deposited onto bulk micromachined silicon wafers by sol-gel deposition and two annealing treatments. Conventional annealing produced films that had an elastic modulus of 80 GPa for both the 52:48 and 40:60 PZT, while a 52:48 PZT deposited using rapid thermal annealing demonstrated a modulus of 70 GPa. These moduli allowed accurate stress measurements of both the composite membranes by bulge testing and also the individual PZT layers by X-ray diffraction. The residual tensile stress in the PZT film ranged from 190 to 400 MPa. Residual stresses were shown to affect both the strain to failure and the resonance frequency of the membrane generators. The applied strain to failure decreased with increasing residual stress. A tungsten underlayer was added to reduce the composite residual stress and increase the compliance, lowering the resonant frequency from 23 to 18 kHz. C1 Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kennedy, MS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, POB 642920, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kennedy2@mail.wsu.edu RI Bahr, David/A-6521-2012 OI Bahr, David/0000-0003-2893-967X NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 298 EP 302 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0439-7 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900016 ER PT J AU Barber, RL Ghantasala, MK Divan, R Vora, KD Harvey, EC Mancini, DC AF Barber, RL Ghantasala, MK Divan, R Vora, KD Harvey, EC Mancini, DC TI Optimisation of SU-8 processing parameters for deep X-ray lithography SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technology (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID HIGH-ASPECT-RATIO; PHOTORESIST; FABRICATION; LIGA AB The negative photoresist SU-8 has been recognised as an unique resist, equally useful for conventional UV lithography as well as deep X-ray lithography (DXRL) applications [2, 7, 12, 17, 18]. One of the major limitations in the use of SU-8 in lithographic processes is the occurrence of internal stress [15]. The processing parameters investigated for DXRL of SU-8 included resist thickness (450-850 mu m), soft bake time (7-11 h), exposure dose (3070 J/cm(3)), post exposure bake time (20, 40, 60 min) and development time. The effect of these parameters on stress was evaluated using wafer curvature measurements. Taguchi optimisation techniques have been used to asses the contribution of these parameters on the stress of the developed structures. This study shows that softbake time contributes the most to stress in the SU-8 film at 50%, followed by the exposure dose and post exposure bake with 30% and 15% respectively. Stress varied somewhat linearly with thickness. At higher thickness, the deposition process needs to be changed for very high aspect ratio structures. The main objective of this work has been to optimise the processing conditions of thick SU-8 films for DXRL. C1 Swinburne Univ Technol, Ind Res Inst Swinburne, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. CRC Microtechnol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Swinburne Univ Technol, Ind Res Inst Swinburne, POB 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. EM rbarber@swin.edu.au NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 EI 1432-1858 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 303 EP 310 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0442-z PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900017 ER PT J AU Wall, FD Martinez, MA Vandenavyle, JJ AF Wall, FD Martinez, MA Vandenavyle, JJ TI Corrosion behavior of a structural nickel electrodeposit SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA DE LIGA; electrodeposited; nickel; atmospheric; pitting; galvanic; corrosion ID HIGH-PURITY NICKEL; LOCALIZED CORROSION; PIT INITIATION; OXIDE-FILMS; ALLOYS; BREAKDOWN; CHLORIDE; SULFUR; PASSIVATION; DISSOLUTION AB The corrosion behavior of electrodeposited structural Ni (LIGA Ni) was assessed under aqueous and atmospheric conditions. Corrosion rates were measured and damage morphology was documented for comparison with wrought materials such as commercially available Ni 201 and high purity (99.999) Ni. As-fabricated LIGA Ni showed excellent corrosion resistance in aqueous NaCl solution even when galvanically coupled to a more noble material such as gold. Mechanically polished LIGA Ni showed corrosion resistance comparable to that of Ni 201, whereas polished 99.999 Ni had the best overall corrosion performance. Exposure to an aggressive atmospheric environment resulted in a higher density of corrosion sites on the LIGA material than on the control materials; however, the composition of the corrosion products (nickel-chloride) and the morphology of the attack was nominally the same on all tested samples. Overall, no new corrosion modes or susceptibilities were identified for LIGA Ni compared to wrought Ni materials. The superior corrosion resistance of the as-fabricated LIGA compared to mechanically polished LIGA, is discussed in terms of surface property modification during a chemical processing step. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wall, FD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM fdwall@sandia.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 319 EP 330 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0447-7 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900019 ER PT J AU Kelly, JJ Yang, NYC AF Kelly, JJ Yang, NYC TI Experimental study of NiFe and CoFe throughmask electrodeposition of high aspect ratio features SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID PERMALLOY; ALLOYS; LIGA AB The electrodeposition of NiFe and CoFe onto rotating disk electrodes and into high aspect ratio features in 300 μ m-thick photoresist was studied using electrolytes previously considered in the literature. The through-thickness uniformity of the plated features was characterized with reference to the rotating disk electrode results. Current efficiencies for various deposition conditions were also characterized. The composition of NiFe was more sensitive to mixing than CoFe on a rotating disk electrode. This sensitivity was reflected in the higher nominiformity in general of the plated high aspect ratio NiFe features; a feature with an aspect ratio of three showed decreasing Fe content towards the feature bottom, with the Fe content at the bottom less than half that at the top. CoFe showed only slightly decreasing Fe content for the same aspect ratios. The composition of both alloys near the feature opening (where more mixing occurs) was consistent with that of deposits obtained from rotating disk electrodes at high rotation rates. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kelly, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jjkelly@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0448-6 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900020 ER PT J AU Lu, WY Garcia, EJ Greenwood, WH Oliver, AD Korellis, JS AF Lu, WY Garcia, EJ Greenwood, WH Oliver, AD Korellis, JS TI Design and simulation of an asymmetric variable reluctance stepping millimotor SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA AB A pancake-shaped step motor, which has a geometry with an axial dimension that is much smaller than the radius, was designed and built using a combination of conventional and LIGA-based fabrication methods. Preliminary open loop dynamic testing indicated that the motor rotated normally as designed, but some abnormal phenomena were also observed at certain input frequencies. A simple model was developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the rotor. The simulation results match the trend of abnormal behavior observed in the test. They indicate that a reliable open-loop operation is feasible for a wide range of operating frequencies. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lu, WY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave,MS 9404, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wlu@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 335 EP 342 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0450-z PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900021 ER PT J AU Tirumala, VR Divan, R Mancini, DC Caneba, GT AF Tirumala, VR Divan, R Mancini, DC Caneba, GT TI Fabrication of high-aspect-ratio hydrogel microstructures SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY; POLYMERIZATION PROCESS AB Microfabrication of high-aspect-ratio polymeric microstructures via deep X-ray lithography traditionally involves either crosslinking or scissioning a polymer film spun-cast on a substrate. A post-exposure development procedure is usually employed to remove the unwanted polymer, leaving behind lithographically patterned structures. Instead, we use a novel synthesis technique wherein polymerization of a mixture of monomers in solvent is initiated, through a mask, with hard X-rays. The resulting polymer precipitates out of the solvent, thus limiting the spatial propagation of the reaction only to the exposed regions. Such a technique offers a unique way for the patterned synthesis of polymers from a variety of monomer-solvent systems. Here, we present the first results on the synthesis of high-aspect-ratio microstructures of a thermoreversible hydrogel, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), and an ionic hydrogel, poly (methacrylic acid). These stand-alone, implantable microstructures are envisioned to be potentially useful in such diverse areas as biosensors, microactuators, controlled release applications, and cell and tissue engineering. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Tirumala, VR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vijay@aps.anl.gov NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0453-9 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900023 ER PT J AU Aigeldinger, G Ceremuga, JT Skala, DM AF Aigeldinger, G Ceremuga, JT Skala, DM TI Large batch dimensional metrology demonstrated in the example of a LIGA fabricated spring SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technolohy (HARMST) CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY; ACCURACY AB Deep x-ray lithography in combination with electroforming is capable of producing high precision metal parts in small lot series. This study deals with a high aspect ratio structure with overall dimensions on the order of 10 mm x 7 mm x 1.5 mm, with the smallest line width being 150 μ m. The lateral deviation from the design is to be kept to a minimum, preferably below 5 μ m To ensure adequate quality control, a semi-automated metrology technique has been established to measure all parts. While the paper will give a brief overview of all involved techniques, it focuses on the method to measure the top and bottom of the parts and the top of geometries following the process. The instrument used is a View Engineering Voyager V6 X 12 microscope, which is fully programmable : The microscope allows direct measurement of geometries but also is capable of saving all captured data as point clouds. These point clouds play a central role when evaluating part geometry. After measuring the part, the point cloud is compared to the computer aided design (CAD) contour of the part, using a commercially available software package. The challenge of proper edge lighting on a nickel alloy part is evaluated by varying lighting conditions systematically. Results of two conditions are presented along with a set of optimized parameters. With the introduce set of tools, process flow can be monitored by measuring geometries, e.g. linewidths in every step of the process line. An example for such analysis is given. After delivery of a large batch of parts, extensive numbers of datasets were available allowing the evaluation of the variation of part geometries. Discussed in detail is the deviation from part top to part bottom geometries indicating swelling of the PMMA mold in the electroplating bath. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microsyst Proc Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Aigeldinger, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microsyst Proc Dept, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gaigeld@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 379 EP 384 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0449-5 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 924HO UT WOS:000228969900029 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Strachan, A Swift, DC AF Luo, SN Strachan, A Swift, DC TI Deducing solid-liquid interfacial energy from superheating or supercooling: application to H2O at high pressures SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID LENNARD-JONES SYSTEM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; WATER; MELT; CRYSTALLIZATION; SIMULATIONS AB We present a general method to determine the solid-liquid interfacial energy (gamma(sl)) from the maximum supercooling (or superheating), and apply it to the water-ice system. For solid-liquid phase transitions, the nucleation-theory-based systematics of maximum superheating and supercooling relate a dimensionless nucleation barrier to the superheating (supercooling) and heating (cooling) rates. Given superheating (or supercooling) values from either experiments or simulations, gamma(sl) can then be deduced from the dimensionless nucleation barrier, equilibrium melting temperature and enthalpy of fusion. We demonstrate the accuracy of this approach using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the Lennard-Jones system: our predictions of gamma(sl) at various pressures are in excellent agreement with independent, direct MD simulations. With this approach, we predict gamma(sl) for the water-ice (Ih and III) system using experimental supercooling values in the pressure range of 0-0.3 GPa. The predicted value (28 +/- 0.8 mJ m(-2)) agrees with measurements on H2O-1h at ambient pressure. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Luo, SN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sluo@lanl.gov RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 13 IS 3 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/13/3/002 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922ER UT WOS:000228819700003 ER PT J AU Pask, JE Sterne, PA AF Pask, JE Sterne, PA TI Finite element methods in ab initio electronic structure calculations SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENCE-PSEUDOPOTENTIAL METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY; BAND-STRUCTURE; DENSITY; SOLIDS; APPROXIMATION; FORMALISM; SYSTEMS; IMPLEMENTATION AB We review the application of the finite element (FE) method to ab initio electronic structure calculations in solids. The FE method is a general approach for the solution of differential and integral equations which uses a strictly local, piecewise-polynormal basis. Because the basis is composed of polynomials, the method is completely general and its accuracy is systematically improvable. Because the basis is strictly local in real space, the method allows for variable resolution in real space; produces sparse, structured matrices, enabling the effective use of iterative solution methods; and is well suited for parallel implementation. The method thus combines significant advantages of both real-space-grid and basis-oriented approaches, and so is well suited for large, accurate ab initio calculations. We review the construction and properties of the required FE bases and their use in the self-consistent solution of the Kohn-Sham equations of density functional theory. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Pask, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pask1@llnl.gov NR 82 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 13 IS 3 BP R71 EP R96 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/13/3/R01 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 922ER UT WOS:000228819700001 ER PT J AU Wilson, WJ Erler, AM Nasarabadi, SL Skowronski, EW Imbro, PM AF Wilson, WJ Erler, AM Nasarabadi, SL Skowronski, EW Imbro, PM TI A multiplexed PCR-coupled liquid bead array for the simultaneous detection of four biothreat agents SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE multiplex PCR; liquid array; luminex; microorganism detection; DNA ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS; REACTION ASSAY; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; HYBRIDIZATION; TECHNOLOGY AB We have developed a 10-plexed PCR assay coupled to a 12-plexed liquid bead array to rapidly screen environmental samples for B. anthracis, Y. pestis, F. tularensis, and B. melitensis. Highly validated species-specific primer sets were used to simultaneously amplify multiple diagnostic regions unique to each individual pathogen. Resolution of the mix of amplified products was achieved by PCR product hybridization to corresponding probe sequences, attached to unique sets of fluorescent beads. The hybridized beads were processed through a flow cytometer, which detected presence and quantity of each PCR product. The assay was optimized to allow for maximum sensitivity in a multiplexed format. A high-throughput demonstration was performed where 384 simulated environmental samples were spiked with different amounts of B. thuringensis spores and pathogen DNA. The samples were robotically processed to extract DNA and arrayed for multiplexed PCR-liquid bead detection. The assay correctly identified the presence or absence of each pathogen and collected over 3000 individual data points within a single 8-h shift for approximately $4.00 material costs per environmental sample in a 10-plexed assay. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wilson, WJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,POB 808,L-369, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wilson69@llnl.gov NR 26 TC 50 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD APR PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 137 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2004.10.005 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 898NY UT WOS:000227084700009 PM 15680215 ER PT J AU Miyagishima, SY Wolk, CP Osteryoung, KW AF Miyagishima, SY Wolk, CP Osteryoung, KW TI Identification of cyanobacterial cell division genes by comparative and mutational analyses SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPLAST DIVISION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROTEIN FTSZ; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; PLASTID DIVISION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; MINICELL LOCUS; DCW CLUSTER; SEQUENCE AB We performed comparative and mutational analyses to define more comprehensively the repertoire of genes involved in cyanobacterial cell division. Genes ftsE, ftsI, ftsQ, ftsW, and (previously recognized) ftsZ, minC, minD, minE and sulA were identified as homologues of cell division genes of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Transposon mutagenesis of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 identified five additional genes, cdv1, cdv2, cdv3, ftn6 and cikA, involved in cell division. cdv1 encodes a presumptive periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase. cdv2 has similarity to ylmF which, like divIVA, lies within the Gram-positive bacterial ylm gene cluster whose members have functions associated with division. Conservation of other ylm genes in cyanobacteria suggests that cyanobacteria and Gram-positive bacteria share specific division proteins. Two ylm homologues are also found in algal and plant genomes. cdv3 has low but significant similarity to divIVA, suggesting that minE and cdv3 both mediate division-site determination in cyanobacteria. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria lack minE, and (Gram-negative) proteobacteria lack divIVA. ftn6, of unknown function, and the circadian input kinase, cikA, are specific to cyanobacteria. In S. elongatus, unlike in other bacteria, FtsZ rings are formed at sites occupied by nucleoids. Thus, the division machinery of cyanobacteria differs in its composition and regulation from that of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Osteryoung, KW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM osteryou@msu.edu NR 77 TC 92 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 56 IS 1 BP 126 EP 143 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04548.x PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 904LH UT WOS:000227499000011 PM 15773984 ER PT J AU Rerngsamran, P Murphy, MB Doyle, SA Ebbole, DJ AF Rerngsamran, P Murphy, MB Doyle, SA Ebbole, DJ TI Fluffy, the major regulator of conidiation in Neurospora crassa, directly activates a developmentally regulated hydrophobin gene SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONIDIOPHORE DEVELOPMENT; GENOME SEQUENCE; CLUSTER; PROTEIN; ENCODES; BINDING; DNA; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; CLOCK AB The fluffy (fl) gene of Neurospora crassa is required for asexual sporulation and encodes an 88 kDa polypeptide containing a typical fungal Zn(2)Cys(6) DNA-binding motif. Identification of genes regulated by fl will provide insight into how fungi regulate growth during morphogenesis. As a step towards identifying the target genes on which FL may act, we sought to define target sequences to which the FL protein binds. The DNA binding domain of FL was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion with glutathione S-transferase (GST) and purified using glutathione-sepharose affinity chromatography. The DNA binding sites were selected and amplified by means of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated random-site selection method involving affinity bead-binding and gel mobility shift analysis. Sequencing and comparison of the selected clones suggested that FL binds to the motif 5'-CGG(N)(9)CCG-3'. A potential binding site was found in the promoter region of the eas (ccg-2) gene, which encodes a fungal hydrophobin. In vitro competitive binding assays revealed a preferred binding site for FL in the eas promoter, 5'-CGGAAGTTTC CTCCG-3', which is located 1498 bp upstream of the eas translation initiation codon. In vivo experiments using a foreign DNA sequence tag also confirmed that this sequence resides in a region required for FL regulation. In addition, yeast one hybrid experiments demonstrated that the C-terminal portion of FL functions in transcriptional activation. Transcriptional profiling was used to identify additional potential targets for regulation by fl. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Program Biol Filamentous Fungi, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Ebbole, DJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Program Biol Filamentous Fungi, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM d-ebbole@tamu.edu OI Rerngsamran, Panan/0000-0002-8626-3105 NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 56 IS 1 BP 282 EP 297 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04544.x PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 904LH UT WOS:000227499000023 PM 15773996 ER PT J AU Baldry, IK Glazebrook, K Budavari, T Eisenstein, DJ Annis, J Bahcall, NA Blanton, MR Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Heckman, TM Lin, H Loveday, J Nichol, RC Schneider, DP AF Baldry, IK Glazebrook, K Budavari, T Eisenstein, DJ Annis, J Bahcall, NA Blanton, MR Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Heckman, TM Lin, H Loveday, J Nichol, RC Schneider, DP TI The sloan digital sky survey u-band galaxy survey: luminosity functions and evolution SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : luminosity function; mass function; ultraviolet : galaxies ID STAR-FORMATION RATE; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; 1ST DATA RELEASE; REDSHIFT SURVEY; FORMATION HISTORY; ULTRAVIOLET; DENSITY; SAMPLE; SYSTEM; CALIBRATION AB We construct and analyse a u-band selected galaxy sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Southern Survey, which covers 275 deg(2). The sample includes 43 223 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the range 0.005 < z < 0.3 and with 14.5 < u < 20.5. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio in the u-band Petrosian aperture is improved by co-adding multiple epochs of imaging data and by including sky-subtraction corrections. Luminosity functions for the near-UV(0.1)u band (lambda approximate to 322 +/- 26 nm) are determined in redshift slices of width 0.02, which show a highly significant evolution in M* of -0.8 +/- 0.1 mag between z = 0 and 0.3; with M 5 log h(70) = 18.84 +/- 0.05 (ABmag), log = 2.06 +/- 0.03 (h(70)(3) Mpc(-3)) and log p(L) = 19.11 +/- 0.02 (h(70) W Hz(-1) Mpc(-3))at z = 0.1. The faint-end slope determined for z < 0.06 is given by alpha = 1.05 +/- 0.08. This is in agreement with recent determinations from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer at shorter wavelengths. Comparing our z < 0.3 luminosity density measurements with 0.2 < z < 1.2 from Classifying Objects by Medium Band Observations in 17 Filters (COMBO-17), we find that the 280-nm density evolves as p(L) alpha (1 + z)(beta) with beta = 2.1 +/- 0.2; and find no evidence for any change in slope over this redshift range. By comparing with other measurements of cosmic star formation history, we estimate that the effective dust attenuation at 280 nm has increased by 0.8 +/- 0.3 mag between z = 0 and 1.d 1. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys & Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Graviat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Baldry, IK (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM baldry@pha.jhu.edu RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; Glazebrook, Karl/N-3488-2015; OI Glazebrook, Karl/0000-0002-3254-9044; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Baldry, Ivan/0000-0003-0719-9385 NR 64 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 358 IS 2 BP 441 EP 456 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08799.x PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 906VZ UT WOS:000227673700011 ER PT J AU Kurtz, DW Cameron, C Cunha, MS Dolez, N Vauclair, G Pallier, E Ulla, A Kepler, SO da Costa, A Kanaan, A Fraga, L Giovannini, O Wood, MA Silvestri, N Kawaler, SD Riddle, RL Reed, MD Watson, TK Metcalfe, TS Mukadam, A Nather, RE Winget, DE Nitta, A Kleinman, SJ Guzik, JA Bradley, PA Matthews, JM Sekiguchi, K Sullivan, DJ Sullivan, T Shobbrook, R Jiang, X Birch, PV Ashoka, BN Seetha, S Girish, V Joshi, S Moskalik, P Zola, S O'Donoghue, D Handler, G Mueller, M Perez, JMG Solheim, JE Johannessen, F Bigot, L AF Kurtz, DW Cameron, C Cunha, MS Dolez, N Vauclair, G Pallier, E Ulla, A Kepler, SO da Costa, A Kanaan, A Fraga, L Giovannini, O Wood, MA Silvestri, N Kawaler, SD Riddle, RL Reed, MD Watson, TK Metcalfe, TS Mukadam, A Nather, RE Winget, DE Nitta, A Kleinman, SJ Guzik, JA Bradley, PA Matthews, JM Sekiguchi, K Sullivan, DJ Sullivan, T Shobbrook, R Jiang, X Birch, PV Ashoka, BN Seetha, S Girish, V Joshi, S Moskalik, P Zola, S O'Donoghue, D Handler, G Mueller, M Perez, JMG Solheim, JE Johannessen, F Bigot, L TI Pushing the ground-based limit: 14-mu mag photometric precision with the definitive Whole Earth Telescope asteroseismic data set for the rapidly oscillating Ap star HR 1217 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars : individual; HR 1217; stars : magnetic fields; stars : oscillations; stars : variables : other ID LONGITUDINAL MAGNETIC-FIELD; RADIAL-VELOCITY VARIATIONS; OBLIQUE PULSATOR MODEL; ROAP STARS; ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATIONS; NONRADIAL PULSATIONS; FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; QUADRATIC FIELD; ACOUSTIC MODES; GAMMA-EQU AB HR1217 is one of the best-studied rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars, with a frequency spectrum of alternating even- and odd-l modes that are distorted by the presence of a strong, global magnetic field. Several recent theoretical studies have found that within the observable atmospheres of roAp stars the pulsation modes are magneto-acoustic with significant frequency perturbations that are cyclic with increasing frequency. To test these theories a Whole Earth Telescope extended coverage campaign obtained 342 h of Johnson B data at 10-s time resolution for the roAp star HR 1217 over 35 d with a 36 per cent duty cycle in 2000 November-December. The precision of the derived amplitudes is 14 mu mag, making this one of the highest precision ground-based photometric studies ever undertaken. Substantial support has been found for the new theories of the interaction of pulsation with the strong magnetic field. In particular, the frequency jump expected as the magnetic and acoustic components cycle through 2 pi rad in phase has been found. Additionally, comparison of the new 2000 data with an earlier 1986 multisite study shows clear amplitude modulation for some modes between 1986 and 2000. The unique geometry of the roAp stars allows their pulsation modes to be viewed from varying aspect with rotation, yielding mode identification information in the rotational sidelobes that is available for no other type of pulsating star. Those rotational sidelobes in HR1217 confirm that two of the modes are dipolar, or close to dipolar; based on the frequency spacings and Hipparcos parallax, three other modes must be either l = 0 or 2modes, either distorted by the magnetic field, or a mix of m-modes of given l where the mixture is the result of magnetic and rotational effects. A study of all high-speed photometric Johnson B data from 1981 to 2000 gives a rotation period P-rot = 12.4572 d, as found in previous pulsation and photometric studies, but inconsistent with a different rotation period found in magnetic studies. We suggest that this rotation period is correct and that zero-point shifts between magnetic data sets determined from different spectral lines are the probable cause of the controversy over the rotation period. This WET data set is likely to stand as the definitive ground-based study of HR1217. It will be the baseline for comparison for future space studies of HR1217, particularly the MOST satellite observations. C1 Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. Observ Midi Pyrenees, CNRS, UMR5572, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. Inst Super Maia, P-4470 Castelo Da Maia, Portugal. Univ Vigo, Dept Fis Aplicada, Vigo 36200, Spain. UFRGS, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. Univ Caixas Sul, Dept Quim & Fis, BR-95001970 Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil. Florida Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Space Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. Florida Inst Technol, SARA Observ, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Southwestern Univ, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA. Univ Texas, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Joint Lab Opt Astron, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. Perth Observ, Bickley, WA 6076, Australia. Indian Space Res Org, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India. State Observ, Naini Tal 263129, India. Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Cracow Pedag Univ, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. Univ Tromso, Dept Phys, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Kurtz, DW (reprint author), Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. EM dwkurtz@uclan.ac.uk RI Metcalfe, Travis/A-9388-2008; Kepler, S. O. /H-5901-2012; Fraga, Luciano/K-9075-2013; Ulla Miguel, Ana Maria/M-2860-2014 OI Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Kepler, S. O. /0000-0002-7470-5703; NR 47 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 358 IS 2 BP 651 EP 664 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08807.x PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 906VZ UT WOS:000227673700026 ER PT J AU Reisner, JM Mousseau, VA Wyszogrodzki, AA Knoll, DA AF Reisner, JM Mousseau, VA Wyszogrodzki, AA Knoll, DA TI An implicitly balanced hurricane model with physics-based preconditioning SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; TIME INTEGRATION; EQUATIONS; SIMULATION; SCHEMES; SYSTEMS; HYBRID; WATER AB A numerical framework for simulating hurricanes based upon solving a nonlinear equation set with an implicitly balanced solution procedure is described in this paper. The physical model is the Navier-Stokes equations plus a highly simplified and differentiable microphysics parameterization package. Because the method is fully implicit, the approach is able to employ time steps that result in Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) numbers greater than one for advection, gravity, and sound waves; however, the dynamical time scale of the problem must still be respected for accuracy. The physical model is solved via the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) method. The JFNK approach typically requires the approximate solution of a large linear system several times per time step. To increase the efficiency of the linear system solves, a physics-based preconditioner has been employed. To quantify the accuracy and efficiency of the new approach against traditional approaches, the implicitly balanced solver was first compared against semi-implicit approaches for the simulation of a precipitating moist bubble. The moist-bubble simulations demonstrated the ability of the implicitly balanced approach to achieve a given level of accuracy in a more efficient manner than either a first-order semi-implicit approach or a traditional leapfrog semi-implicit approach. This behavior is further illustrated in first-of-a-kind three-dimensional implicitly balanced hurricane simulations that reveal the first-order-in-time semi-implicit algorithm needs to take a time step at least 60 times smaller than the implicitly balanced algorithm to produce a comparable accuracy. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reisner, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM reisner@lanl.gov RI Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej/M-1772-2014 NR 23 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2005 VL 133 IS 4 BP 1003 EP 1022 DI 10.1175/MWR2901.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 917EK UT WOS:000228438800019 ER PT J AU Hubert, C Rumyantseva, A Lerondel, G Grand, J Kostcheev, S Billot, L Vial, A Bachelot, R Royer, P Chang, SH Gray, SK Wiederrecht, GP Schatz, GC AF Hubert, C Rumyantseva, A Lerondel, G Grand, J Kostcheev, S Billot, L Vial, A Bachelot, R Royer, P Chang, SH Gray, SK Wiederrecht, GP Schatz, GC TI Near-field photochemical imaging of noble metal nanostructures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-FILMS; GRATINGS; MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; LIGHT AB The sub-diffraction imaging of the optical near-field in nanostructures, based on a photochemical technique, is reported. A photosensitive azobenzene-dye polymer is spin coated onto lithographic structures and is subsequently irradiated with laser light. Photoinduced mass transport creates topographic modifications at the polymer film surface that are then measured with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM images correlate with rigorous theoretical calculations of the near-field intensities for a range of different nanostructures and illumination polarizations. This approach is a first step toward additional methods for resolving confined optical near fields, which can augment scanning probe methodologies for high spatial resolution of optical near fields. C1 Univ Technol Troyes, CNRS, FRE 2671, Lab Nanotechnol & Instrumentat Opt, F-10010 Troyes, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Hubert, C (reprint author), Univ Technol Troyes, CNRS, FRE 2671, Lab Nanotechnol & Instrumentat Opt, 12 Rue Marie Curie,BP 2060, F-10010 Troyes, France. EM christophe.hubert@utt.fr RI Chang, Gilbert/B-5437-2012; Lerondel, Gilles/D-1559-2011; Vial, Alexandre/I-7894-2012; Bachelot, Renaud/M-6888-2015 OI Chang, Gilbert/0000-0002-2729-4905; Vial, Alexandre/0000-0002-7701-0413; NR 22 TC 144 Z9 146 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 615 EP 619 DI 10.1021/nl047956i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800010 PM 15826096 ER PT J AU Liu, AP Fletcher, DA AF Liu, AP Fletcher, DA TI Photopatterning of actin filament structures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; METALLIC NANOWIRES; ARP2/3 COMPLEX; DNA; FABRICATION; NUCLEATION; PHALLOIDIN; MOTILITY AB We report a general strategy for spatiotemporal control of actin polymerization in vitro using photoactivatable actin. Caged actin was synthesized by chemically modified lysine residues on monomeric actin and released with focused ultraviolet (UV) illumination. Epifluorescence microscopy revealed nucleation and elongation of individual actin filaments (8 nm in diameter) after localized release of caged actin. We also used this strategy to generate branched filament structures by releasing caged actin in the presence of actin binding proteins. Controlled self-assembly of actin filaments represents a versatile "bottom-up" technique for constructing structural building blocks and functional templates for nanoscience applications. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fletcher, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fletch@berkeley.edu RI Liu, Allen/A-1704-2011 OI Liu, Allen/0000-0002-0309-7018 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 625 EP 628 DI 10.1021/nl0478878 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800012 PM 15826098 ER PT J AU Fan, HY Leve, EW Scullin, C Gabaldon, J Tallant, D Bunge, S Boyle, T Wilson, MC Brinker, CJ AF Fan, HY Leve, EW Scullin, C Gabaldon, J Tallant, D Bunge, S Boyle, T Wilson, MC Brinker, CJ TI Surfactant-assisted synthesis of water-soluble and biocompatible semiconductor quantum dot micelles SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; IN-VIVO; MARKER; ZNS AB We report a simple, rapid approach to synthesize water-soluble and biocompatible fluorescent quantum dot (QD) micelles by encapsulation of monodisperse, hydrophobic QDs within surfactant/lipid micelles. Analyses of UV-vis and photo luminescence spectra, along with transmission electron microscopy, indicate that the water-soluble semiconductor QD micelles are monodisperse and retain the optical properties of the original hydrophobic QDs. The QD micelles were shown to be biocompatible and exhibited little or no aggregation when taken up by cultured rat hippocampal neurons. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Chem Synth & Nanomat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, NSF Ctr MicroEngineered Mat, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Fan, HY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Chem Synth & Nanomat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM hfani@sandia.gov NR 26 TC 193 Z9 199 U1 6 U2 75 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 645 EP 648 DI 10.1021/nl050017l PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800016 PM 15826102 ER PT J AU Pan, ZW Mahurin, SM Dai, S Lowndes, DH AF Pan, ZW Mahurin, SM Dai, S Lowndes, DH TI Nanowire array gratings with ZnO combs SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOSTRUCTURES; FABRICATION AB Diffraction gratings are mainly manufactured by mechanical ruling, interference lithography, or resin replication, which generally require expensive equipment, complicated procedures, and a stable environment. We describe the controlled growth of self-organized microscale ZnO comb gratings by a simple one-step thermal evaporation and condensation method. The ZnO combs consist of an array of very uniform, perfectly aligned, evenly spaced and long single-crystalline ZnO nanowires or nanobelts with periods in the range of 0.2 to 2 mu m. Diffraction experiments show that the ZnO combs can function as a tiny three-beam divider that may find applications in miniaturized integrated optics such as three-beam optical pickup systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pan, ZW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM panz@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 29 TC 97 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 723 EP 727 DI 10.1021/nl050165b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800030 PM 15826116 ER PT J AU Yan, XM Kwon, S Contreras, AM Bokor, J Somorjai, GA AF Yan, XM Kwon, S Contreras, AM Bokor, J Somorjai, GA TI Fabrication of large number density platinum nanowire arrays by size reduction lithography and nanoimprint lithography SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOFABRICATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; TECHNOLOGY; NANOTUBES; DEVICES AB Large number density Pt nanowires with typical dimensions of 12 mu m x 20 nm x 5 nm (length x width x height) are fabricated on planar oxide supports. First sub-20 nm single crystalline silicon nanowires are fabricated by size reduction lithography, and then the Si nanowire pattern is replicated to produce a large number of lot nanowires by nanoimprint lithography. The width and height of the lot nanowires are uniform and are controlled with nanometer precision. The nanowire number density is 4 x 10(4) cm(-1), resulting in a Pt surface area larger than 2 cm(2) on a 5 x 5 cm(2) oxide substrate. Bimodal nanowires with different width have been generated by using a lot shadow deposition technique. Using this technique, alternating 10 and 19 nm wide nanowires are produced. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somojai@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 22 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 745 EP 748 DI 10.1021/nl050228q PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800034 PM 15826120 ER PT J AU Zhang, JZ Schwartzberg, AM Norman, T Grant, CD Liu, J Bridges, F van Buuren, T AF Zhang, JZ Schwartzberg, AM Norman, T Grant, CD Liu, J Bridges, F van Buuren, T TI Comment on "gold nanoshells improve single nanoparticle molecular sensors" SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ULTRAFAST ELECTRONIC RELAXATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. State Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Chem Biol Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Inferfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM zhang@chemistry.ucsc.edu NR 13 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 809 EP 810 DI 10.1021/nl0479379 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 917NI UT WOS:000228468800047 PM 15826133 ER PT J AU Zaliznyak, IA AF Zaliznyak, IA TI Quantum criticality - A glimpse of a Luttinger liquid SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID EXCITATIONS; MODEL; 1D AB The concept of a Luttinger liquid has recently been established as vital to our understanding of the behaviour of one-dimensional quantum systems. Although this has led to a number of theoretical breakthroughs, only now has its descriptive power been confirmed experimentally. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zaliznyak, IA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zaliznyak@bnl.gov RI Zaliznyak, Igor/E-8532-2014 OI Zaliznyak, Igor/0000-0002-9886-3255 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 273 EP 275 DI 10.1038/nmat1358 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 912JZ UT WOS:000228075400011 PM 15875304 ER PT J AU Lake, B Tennant, DA Frost, CD Nagler, SE AF Lake, B Tennant, DA Frost, CD Nagler, SE TI Quantum criticality and universal scaling of a quantum antiferromagnet SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ORDERED PHASE; SPIN DYNAMICS; 2 DIMENSIONS; KCUF3; CHAINS; FIELD; EXPONENTS; STATES AB Quantum effects dominate the behaviour of many diverse materials. Of particular current interest are those systems in the vicinity of a quantum critical point (QCP). Their physical properties are predicted to reflect those of the nearby QCP with universal features independent of the microscopic details. The prototypical QCP is the Luttinger liquid (LL), which is of relevance to many quasi-one-dimensional materials. The magnetic material KCuF3 realizes an array of weakly coupled spin chains (or LLs) and thus lies close to but not exactly at the LL quantum critical point. By using inelastic neutron scattering we have collected a complete data set of the magnetic correlations of KCuF3 as a function of momentum, energy and temperature. The LL description is found to be valid over an extensive range of these parameters, and departures from this behaviour at high and low energies and temperatures are identified and explained. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Lake, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM lake@ameslab.gov RI Nagler, Stephen/B-9403-2010; Nagler, Stephen/E-4908-2010; Tennant, David/Q-2497-2015; OI Nagler, Stephen/0000-0002-7234-2339; Tennant, David/0000-0002-9575-3368; Lake, Bella/0000-0003-0034-0964 NR 31 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 8 U2 61 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1038/nmat1327 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 912JZ UT WOS:000228075400021 PM 15778717 ER PT J AU Darvas, F Rautiainen, M Pantazis, D Baillet, S Benali, H Mosher, JC Garnero, L Leahy, RM AF Darvas, F Rautiainen, M Pantazis, D Baillet, S Benali, H Mosher, JC Garnero, L Leahy, RM TI Investigations of dipole localization accuracy in MEG using the bootstrap SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE bootstrap; somatotopy; MEG ID SOMATOSENSORY-EVOKED POTENTIALS; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; HUMAN SKULL PHANTOM; FINGER REPRESENTATION; ERROR-BOUNDS; HEAD MODELS; HUMAN BRAIN; HUMAN 1ST; EEG; CORTEX AB We describe the use of the nonparametric bootstrap to investigate the accuracy of current dipole localization from magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies of event-related neural activity. The bootstrap is well suited to the analysis of event-related MEG data since the experiments are repeated tens or even hundreds of times and averaged to achieve acceptable signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The set of repetitions or epochs can be viewed as a set of independent realizations of the brain's response to the experiment. Bootstrap resamples can be generated by sampling with replacement from these epochs and averaging. In this study, we applied the bootstrap resampling technique to MEG data from somatotopic experimental and simulated data. Four ringers of the right and left hand of a healthy subject were electrically stimulated, and about 400 trials per stimulation were recorded and averaged in order to measure the somatotopic mapping of the fingers in the S1 area of the brain. Based on single-trial recordings for each finger we performed 5000 bootstrap resamples. We reconstructed dipoles from these resampled averages using the Recursively Applied and Projected (RAP)-MUSIC source localization algorithm. We also performed a simulation for two dipolar sources with overlapping time courses embedded in realistic background brain activity generated using the prestimulus segments of the somatotopic data. To find correspondences between multiple sources in each bootstrap, sample dipoles with similar time series and forward fields were assumed to represent the same source. These dipoles were then clustered by a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) clustering algorithm using their combined normalized time series and topographies as feature vectors. The mean and standard deviation of the dipole position and the dipole time series in each cluster were computed to provide estimates of the accuracy of the reconstructed source locations and time series. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Calif, Signal & Image Proc Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Tampere Univ Technol, Ragnat Granit Inst, Tampere, Finland. CNRS, La Salpetriere Hosp, Cognit Neurosci & Brain Imaging Lab, Paris, France. La Salpetriere Hosp, INSERM, Quantitat Med Imaging Lab, Paris, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Leahy, RM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Signal & Image Proc Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM leaky@sipi.usc.edu FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB002010] NR 44 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2 BP 355 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.045 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 915XI UT WOS:000228344300003 PM 15784414 ER PT J AU Pezze, L Smerzi, A Berman, GP Bishop, AR Collins, LA AF Pezze, L Smerzi, A Berman, GP Bishop, AR Collins, LA TI Dephasing and breakdown of adiabaticity in the splitting of Bose-Einstein condensates SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE DIFFUSION; QUANTUM PHASE; INTERFERENCE; PHYSICS; NUMBER AB We study the quantum dynamics of a Bose - Einstein condensate trapped in a double-well potential with a rising interwell barrier. We analytically find the characteristic timescales of the splitting process and compare our results with numerical analyses available in the literature. In the first stage of the dynamics, the relative phase of the two condensates evolves adiabatically. At a critical time t(ad), small-amplitude phase fluctuations around the average trajectory increase exponentially fast, signalling the breakdown of adiabaticity. After this stage, it is still not possible to neglect the tunnelling exchange between the two wells. We find highly non-trivial dependences of the dephasing time on tad and on the ramping time of the interwell barrier. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Trent, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, BEC CRS, I-38050 Povo, Italy. RP Pezze, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lpezze@lanl.gov RI PEZZE, LUCA/D-5967-2014 OI PEZZE, LUCA/0000-0003-0325-9555 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 7 AR 85 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/085 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 918JH UT WOS:000228537600001 ER PT J AU Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Budny, RV AF Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Budny, RV TI Beam anisotropy effect on Alfven eigenmode stability in ITER-like plasmas SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; FUSION TEST REACTOR; ALPHA-PARTICLES; TOKAMAK; EXCITATION; DRIVEN; STABILIZATION; PHYSICS; WAVES; IONS AB This work studies the stability of the toroidicity-induced Alfven eigenmodes (TAE) in the proposed ITER burning plasma experiment, which can be driven unstable by two groups of energetic particles, the 3.5 MeV alpha-particle fusion products and the tangentially injected 1 MeV beam ions. Both species are super-Alfvenic but they have different pitch angle distributions and the drive for the same pressure gradients is typically stronger from co-injected beam ions as compared with the isotropically distributed alpha-particles. This study includes the effect of anisotropy of the beam ion distribution function on TAE growth rate directly via the additional velocity space drive and indirectly in terms of the enhanced effect of the resonant particle phase space density. For near parallel injection TAEs are marginally unstable if the injection aims at the plasma centre, where the ion Landau damping is strong, whereas with the off-axis neutral beam injection the instability is stronger with the growth rate near 0.5% of the TAE mode frequency. In contrast, for perpendicular beam injection TAEs are predicted to be stabilized in nominal ITER discharges. In addition, the effect of TAEs on the fast ion beta profiles is evaluated by introducing a fast ion redistribution toy model based on a quasi-linear diffusion theory, which uses analytic expressions for the local growth and damping rates. These results illustrate the parameter window that is available for plasma burn when TAE modes are excited. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Gorelenkov, NN (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2005 VL 45 IS 4 BP 226 EP 237 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/4/002 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 926KW UT WOS:000229123100003 ER PT J AU Maingi, R Tritz, K Fredrickson, ED Menard, JE Sabbagh, SA Stutman, D Bell, MG Bell, RE Bush, CE Gates, DA Johnson, DW Kaita, R Kaye, SM Kugel, HW LeBlanc, BP Mueller, D Raman, R Roquemore, AL Soukhanovskii, VA AF Maingi, R Tritz, K Fredrickson, ED Menard, JE Sabbagh, SA Stutman, D Bell, MG Bell, RE Bush, CE Gates, DA Johnson, DW Kaita, R Kaye, SM Kugel, HW LeBlanc, BP Mueller, D Raman, R Roquemore, AL Soukhanovskii, VA TI Observation of a high performance operating regime with small edge-localized modes in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; CONFINEMENT; NSTX; BETA; INSTABILITIES; DISCHARGES; PEDESTAL; PLASMAS; HEAT AB We report the observation of a high performance scenario in the National Spherical Torus Experiment with very small edge-localized modes (ELMs). These ELMs, individually, have no measurable impact on the stored energy and are observed by several diagnostics. The small ELMs have clear differences as compared with the ELM types reported in the literature, and this operating mode has distinct features compared with other high performance tokamak scenarios with little or no ELMs. The ELM is termed as 'type V, and it has a short-lived n = 1 magnetic precursor oscillation rotating counter to the plasma current and a distinct signature on the soft x-ray system. If we could extrapolate it, this scenario would provide an attractive operating regime for next step fusion experiments. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Math & Phys, New York, NY USA. Univ Washington, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Maingi, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 32 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 9 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2005 VL 45 IS 4 BP 264 EP 270 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/4/007 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 926KW UT WOS:000229123100008 ER PT J AU Hudson, SR Hegna, CC Nakajima, N AF Hudson, SR Hegna, CC Nakajima, N TI Influence of pressure-gradient and shear on ballooning stability in stellarators SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID 2ND STABILITY; MODE SPECTRUM; EQUILIBRIA; TORSATRON; BOUNDARIES; CRITERIA AB Pressure driven, ideal ballooning stability calculations are often used to predict the achievable plasma beta in stellarator configurations. In this paper, the sensitivity of ballooning stability to plasmas profile variations is addressed. A simple, semi-analytic method for expressing the ballooning growth rate, for each field line, as a polynomial function of the variations in the pressure-gradient and the average magnetic shear from an original equilibrium has recently been introduced (Hudson and Hegna 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11 L53). This paper will apply the expression to various stellarator configurations and comment on the validity of various truncated forms of the polynomial expression. In particular, it is shown that it is generally insufficient to consider only the second order terms as previously assumed, and that higher order terms must be included to obtain accurate predictions of stability. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. RP Hudson, SR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM shudson@pppl.gov RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013 OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2005 VL 45 IS 4 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/4/008 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 926KW UT WOS:000229123100009 ER PT J AU Li, Z En'yo, H Eremin, V Goto, Y Li, CJ Taketani, A Tojo, J AF Li, Z En'yo, H Eremin, V Goto, Y Li, CJ Taketani, A Tojo, J TI Electron beam and laser testing on the novel stripixel detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE stripixel detector; alternating pixels; interleaved pixels; EBIC ID UPGRADE AB The novel Si stripixel detector, developed at BNL (Brookhaven National Laboratory), has been applied in the development of a prototype Si strip detector system for the PHENIX Upgrade at RHIC. The Si stripixel detector can generate X-Y two-dimensional (2D) position sensitivity with single-sided processing and readout. Test stripixel detectors with pitches of 85 and 560 mu m have been subjected to the electron beam test in a SEM set-up, and to the laser beam test in a lab test fixture with an X-Y-Z table for laser scanning. Test results have shown that the X and Y strips are well isolated from each other, and 2D position sensitivity has been well demonstrated in the novel stripixel detectors. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Iffoe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 19421, Russia. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zhengl@bnl.gov RI En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.034 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600004 ER PT J AU Gatti, E Rehak, P AF Gatti, E Rehak, P TI Review of semiconductor drift detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE silicon drift detectors; solid state radiation detectors; tracking and position-sensitive detectors; charge transport in semiconductors ID PERFORMANCE AB A short review of semiconductor drift detectors is given. The emphasis is given to detectors intended for tracking of fast charged particles for experiments in particle physics and high energy heavy-ion physics. The use and performance of this kind of detector in past, present and future experiments is described together with the experience learned during the design, production and data taking phases. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettr & Informat, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Rehak, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535 B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rehak@bnl.gov NR 14 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.037 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600007 ER PT J AU Stamen, R Abe, R Abe, T Aihara, H Asano, Y Aso, T Bakich, A Browder, T Chang, MC Chao, Y Chen, KF Chidzik, S Dalseno, J Dowd, R Dragic, J Everton, CW Fernholz, R Friedl, M Fujii, H Gao, ZW Gordon, A Guo, YN Haba, J Hara, K Hara, T Harada, Y Haruyama, T Hasuko, K Hayashi, K Hazumi, M Heenan, EM Higuchi, T Hirai, H Hitomi, N Igarashi, A Igarashi, Y Ikeda, H Ishino, H Itoh, K Iwaida, S Kaneko, J Kapusta, P Karawatzki, R Kasami, K Kawai, H Kawasaki, T Kibayashi, A Koike, S Korpar, S Krizan, P Kurashiro, H Kusaka, A Lesiak, T Limosani, A Lin, WC Marlow, D Matsumoto, H Mikami, Y Miyake, H Moloney, GR Mori, T Nakadaira, T Nakano, Y Natkaniec, Z Nozaki, S Ohkubo, R Ohno, F Okuno, S Onuki, Y Ostrowicz, W Ozaki, H Peak, L Pernicka, M Rosen, M Rozanska, M Sato, N Schmid, S Shibata, T Stanic, S Steininger, H Sumisawa, K Suzuki, J Tajima, H Tajima, O Takahashi, K Takasaki, F Tamura, N Tanaka, M Taylor, GN Terazaki, H Tomura, T Trabelsi, K Trischuk, W Tsuboyama, T Uchida, K Ueno, K Ueno, K Uozaki, N Ushiroda, Y Vahsen, S Varner, G Varvell, K Velikzhanin, YS Wang, CC Wang, MZ Watanabe, M Watanabe, Y Yamada, Y Yamamoto, H Yamashita, Y Yamashita, Y Yamauchi, M Yanai, H Yang, R Yasu, Y Yokoyama, M Ziegler, T Zontar, D AF Stamen, R Abe, R Abe, T Aihara, H Asano, Y Aso, T Bakich, A Browder, T Chang, MC Chao, Y Chen, KF Chidzik, S Dalseno, J Dowd, R Dragic, J Everton, CW Fernholz, R Friedl, M Fujii, H Gao, ZW Gordon, A Guo, YN Haba, J Hara, K Hara, T Harada, Y Haruyama, T Hasuko, K Hayashi, K Hazumi, M Heenan, EM Higuchi, T Hirai, H Hitomi, N Igarashi, A Igarashi, Y Ikeda, H Ishino, H Itoh, K Iwaida, S Kaneko, J Kapusta, P Karawatzki, R Kasami, K Kawai, H Kawasaki, T Kibayashi, A Koike, S Korpar, S Krizan, P Kurashiro, H Kusaka, A Lesiak, T Limosani, A Lin, WC Marlow, D Matsumoto, H Mikami, Y Miyake, H Moloney, GR Mori, T Nakadaira, T Nakano, Y Natkaniec, Z Nozaki, S Ohkubo, R Ohno, F Okuno, S Onuki, Y Ostrowicz, W Ozaki, H Peak, L Pernicka, M Rosen, M Rozanska, M Sato, N Schmid, S Shibata, T Stanic, S Steininger, H Sumisawa, K Suzuki, J Tajima, H Tajima, O Takahashi, K Takasaki, F Tamura, N Tanaka, M Taylor, GN Terazaki, H Tomura, T Trabelsi, K Trischuk, W Tsuboyama, T Uchida, K Ueno, K Ueno, K Uozaki, N Ushiroda, Y Vahsen, S Varner, G Varvell, K Velikzhanin, YS Wang, CC Wang, MZ Watanabe, M Watanabe, Y Yamada, Y Yamamoto, H Yamashita, Y Yamashita, Y Yamauchi, M Yanai, H Yang, R Yasu, Y Yokoyama, M Ziegler, T Zontar, D TI Status of the Belle Silicon Vertex Detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE Belle; Silicon Vertex Detector AB The Silicon Vertex Detector (SVD) of the Belle experiment is one of the main components for the investigation of time-dependent CP-asymmetries at the B-factory at KEK. The first version of this device (SVD1) was operated for 4 years starting in 1999 with excellent performance. However, its major limitations necessitated the design of a new detector (SVD2) which was installed in the summer shutdown of 2003. The improvements of the hardware and first results on the performance under real beam conditions are presented. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305080, Japan. Niigata Univ, Niigata Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Appl Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan. Toyama Natl Coll Maritime Technol, Toyama, Japan. Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, HEP Lab, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. IHEP Vienna, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Brookhaven Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Grp HP, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Polish Acad Sci, H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, HEP Grp, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Kanagawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2218686, Japan. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Nihon Dent Coll, Niigata 9518151, Japan. RP Stamen, R (reprint author), KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305080, Japan. EM stamen@bmail.kek.jp RI Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Yokoyama, Masashi/A-4458-2011; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015; OI Moloney, Glenn/0000-0002-3539-3233; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Yokoyama, Masashi/0000-0003-2742-0251; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Trabelsi, Karim/0000-0001-6567-3036; Krizan, Peter/0000-0002-4967-7675 NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.038 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600008 ER PT J AU Hanagaki, K AF Hanagaki, K TI Lessons learned from the DO Silicon Microstrip Tracker SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE Silicon Microstrip Tracker; DO; radiation damage AB A Silicon Microstrip Tracker has been built and installed into the upgraded DO detector for Run II at the Tevatron. it provides excellent b-hadron identification capability by precise tracking despite some operational problems. Our irradiation study indicates the lifetime of the first layer to be 3.6-4.9 fb(-1) or (11-15) x 10(12)/cm(2) 1 MeV neutron equivalent. An addition of an innermost layer to the existing detector is planned which will insure the functionality through the Run II. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hanagaki, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kazu@fnal.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 78 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.041 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600011 ER PT J AU Saavedra, AF AF Saavedra, AF TI Status of the ATLAS pixel detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE pixel detector; ATLAS; bump bonding AB The ATLAS pixel detector is currently being constructed and will be installed in 2006 to be ready for commissioning at the Large Hadron Collider. The complete pixel detector is composed of three concentric barrels and six disks that are populated by 1744 ATLAS Pixel modules. The main components of the pixel module are the readout electronics and the silicon sensor whose active region is instrumented with rectangular pixels. The module has been designed to be able to survive 10 years of operation within the ATLAS detector. A brief description of the pixel detector will be presented with results and problems encountered during the production stage. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saavedra, AF (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 50B-6222, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM a.saavedra@physics.gla.ac.uk NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.049 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600019 ER PT J AU Taketani, A AF Taketani, A TI Silicon vertex tracker for PHENIX detector at the central rapidity region SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE heavy ion physics spin; physics; stripixel; pixel; RHIC AB We present the status of the silicon vertex tracker for the PHENIX experiment. The purpose of the PHENIX detector is to investigate very high-density and high-temperature matter, so called Quark Gluon Plasma in heavy ion collisions upto 100 GeV/nucleon and spin structure of the nucleon with polarized proton beam up to 250 GeV/beam. We plan to build the silicon vertex tracker to identify the charm and bottom quark decay by using displaced decay vertex, with two inner pixel layers and two outer stripixel layers. The design goal of the displaced vertex resolution is at the level of 30-50 mu m in high charged multiplicity environment with minimum material budget requirement to avoid generating background for outer detectors in the PHENIX. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Taketani, A (reprint author), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. EM Taketani@riken.jp RI Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 137 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.050 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600020 ER PT J AU Bruzzi, M Adey, J Al-Ajili, A Alexandrov, P Alfieri, G Allport, PP Andreazza, A Artuso, M Assouak, S Avset, BS Barabash, L Baranova, E Barcz, A Basile, A Bates, R Belova, N Biagi, SF Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blue, A Blumenau, B Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bondarenko, G Borchi, E Borrello, L Bortoletto, D Boscardin, M Bosisio, L Bowcock, TJV Brodbeck, TJ Broz, J Brukhanov, A Brzozowski, A Buda, M Buhmann, P Buttar, C Campabadal, F Campbell, D Candelori, A Casse, G Cavallini, A Chilingarov, A Chren, D Cindro, V Citterio, M Collins, P Coluccia, R Contarato, D Coutinho, J Creanza, D Cunningham, W Cvetkov, V Dalla Betta, GF Davies, G Dawson, I de Boer, W De Palma, M Demina, R Dervan, P Dierlamm, A Dittongo, S Dobrzanski, L Dolezal, Z Dolgolenko, A Eberlein, T Eremin, V Fall, C Fasolo, F Ferbel, T Fizzotti, F Fleta, C Focardi, E Forton, E Franchenko, S Fretwurst, E Gamaz, F Garcia, C Garcia-Navarro, JE Gaubas, E Genest, MH Gill, KA Giolo, K Glaser, M Goessling, C Golovine, V Sevilla, SG Gorelov, I Goss, J Gouldwell, A Gregoire, G Gregori, P Grigoriev, E Grigson, C Grillo, A Groza, A Guskov, J Haddad, L Harkonen, J Harding, R Hauler, F Hayama, S Hoeferkamp, M Honniger, F Horazdovsky, T Horisberger, R Horn, M Houdayer, A Hourahine, B Hruban, A Hughes, G Ilyashenko, I Irmscher, K Ivanov, A Jarasiunas, K Jin, T Jones, BK Jones, R Joram, C Jungermann, L Kalinina, E Kaminski, P Karpenko, A Karpov, A Kazlauskiene, V Kazukauskas, V Khivrich, V Khomenkov, V Kierstead, J Klaiber-Lodewigs, J Kleverman, M Klingenberg, R Kodys, P Kohout, Z Korjenevski, S Kowalik, A Kozlowski, R Kozodaev, M Kramberger, G Krasel, O Kuznetsov, A Kwan, S Lagomarsino, S Lari, T Lassila-Perini, K Lastovetsky, V Latino, G Latushkin, S Lazanu, S Lazanu, I Lebel, C Leinonen, K Leroy, C Li, Z Lindstrom, G Lindstrom, L Linhart, V Litovchenko, A Litovchenko, P Litvinov, V Lo Giudice, A Lozano, M Luczynski, Z Luukka, P Macchiolo, A Mainwood, A Makarenko, LF Mandic, I Manfredotti, C Garcia, SM Marunko, S Mathieson, K Mozzanti, A Melone, J Menichelli, D Meroni, C Messineo, A Miglio, S Mikuz, M Miyamoto, J Moll, M Monakhov, E Moscatelli, F Murin, L Nava, F Naoumov, D Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E Nummela, S Nysten, J Olivero, P Oshea, V Palviainen, T Paolini, C Parkes, C Passeri, D Pein, U Pellegrini, G Perera, L Petasecca, M Piatkowski, B Piemonte, C Pignatel, GU Pinho, N Pintilie, I Pintilie, L Polivtsev, L Polozov, P Popa, AI Popule, J Pospisil, S Pucker, G Radicci, V Rafi, JM Ragusa, F Rahman, M Rando, R Roeder, R Rohe, T Ronchin, S Rott, C Roy, P Roy, A Ruzin, A Ryazanov, A Sadrozinski, HFW Sakalauskas, S Scaringella, M Schiavulli, L Schnetzer, S Schumm, B Sciortino, S Scorzoni, A Segneri, G Seidel, S Seiden, A Sellberg, G Sellin, P Sentenac, D Shipsey, I Sicho, P Sloan, T Solar, M Son, S Sopko, B Spencer, N Stahl, J Stavitski, I Stolze, D Stone, R Storasta, J Strokan, N Strupinski, W Sudzius, M Surma, B Suuronen, J Suvorov, A Svensson, BG Tipton, P Tomasek, M Troncon, C Tsvetkov, A Tuominen, E Tuovinen, E Tuuva, T Tylchin, M Uebersee, H Uher, J Ullan, M Vaitkus, JV Vanni, P Velthuis, J Verzellesi, G Verbitskaya, E Vrba, V Wagner, G Wilhelm, I Worm, S Wright, V Wunstorf, R Zablerowski, P Zaluzhny, A Zavrtanik, M Zen, M Zhukov, V Zorzi, N AF Bruzzi, M Adey, J Al-Ajili, A Alexandrov, P Alfieri, G Allport, PP Andreazza, A Artuso, M Assouak, S Avset, BS Barabash, L Baranova, E Barcz, A Basile, A Bates, R Belova, N Biagi, SF Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blue, A Blumenau, B Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bondarenko, G Borchi, E Borrello, L Bortoletto, D Boscardin, M Bosisio, L Bowcock, TJV Brodbeck, TJ Broz, J Brukhanov, A Brzozowski, A Buda, M Buhmann, P Buttar, C Campabadal, F Campbell, D Candelori, A Casse, G Cavallini, A Chilingarov, A Chren, D Cindro, V Citterio, M Collins, P Coluccia, R Contarato, D Coutinho, J Creanza, D Cunningham, W Cvetkov, V Dalla Betta, GF Davies, G Dawson, I de Boer, W De Palma, M Demina, R Dervan, P Dierlamm, A Dittongo, S Dobrzanski, L Dolezal, Z Dolgolenko, A Eberlein, T Eremin, V Fall, C Fasolo, F Ferbel, T Fizzotti, F Fleta, C Focardi, E Forton, E Franchenko, S Fretwurst, E Gamaz, F Garcia, C Garcia-Navarro, JE Gaubas, E Genest, MH Gill, KA Giolo, K Glaser, M Goessling, C Golovine, V Sevilla, SG Gorelov, I Goss, J Gouldwell, A Gregoire, G Gregori, P Grigoriev, E Grigson, C Grillo, A Groza, A Guskov, J Haddad, L Harkonen, J Harding, R Hauler, F Hayama, S Hoeferkamp, M Honniger, F Horazdovsky, T Horisberger, R Horn, M Houdayer, A Hourahine, B Hruban, A Hughes, G Ilyashenko, I Irmscher, K Ivanov, A Jarasiunas, K Jin, T Jones, BK Jones, R Joram, C Jungermann, L Kalinina, E Kaminski, P Karpenko, A Karpov, A Kazlauskiene, V Kazukauskas, V Khivrich, V Khomenkov, V Kierstead, J Klaiber-Lodewigs, J Kleverman, M Klingenberg, R Kodys, P Kohout, Z Korjenevski, S Kowalik, A Kozlowski, R Kozodaev, M Kramberger, G Krasel, O Kuznetsov, A Kwan, S Lagomarsino, S Lari, T Lassila-Perini, K Lastovetsky, V Latino, G Latushkin, S Lazanu, S Lazanu, I Lebel, C Leinonen, K Leroy, C Li, Z Lindstrom, G Lindstrom, L Linhart, V Litovchenko, A Litovchenko, P Litvinov, V Lo Giudice, A Lozano, M Luczynski, Z Luukka, P Macchiolo, A Mainwood, A Makarenko, LF Mandic, I Manfredotti, C Garcia, SM Marunko, S Mathieson, K Mozzanti, A Melone, J Menichelli, D Meroni, C Messineo, A Miglio, S Mikuz, M Miyamoto, J Moll, M Monakhov, E Moscatelli, F Murin, L Nava, F Naoumov, D Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E Nummela, S Nysten, J Olivero, P Oshea, V Palviainen, T Paolini, C Parkes, C Passeri, D Pein, U Pellegrini, G Perera, L Petasecca, M Piatkowski, B Piemonte, C Pignatel, GU Pinho, N Pintilie, I Pintilie, L Polivtsev, L Polozov, P Popa, AI Popule, J Pospisil, S Pucker, G Radicci, V Rafi, JM Ragusa, F Rahman, M Rando, R Roeder, R Rohe, T Ronchin, S Rott, C Roy, P Roy, A Ruzin, A Ryazanov, A Sadrozinski, HFW Sakalauskas, S Scaringella, M Schiavulli, L Schnetzer, S Schumm, B Sciortino, S Scorzoni, A Segneri, G Seidel, S Seiden, A Sellberg, G Sellin, P Sentenac, D Shipsey, I Sicho, P Sloan, T Solar, M Son, S Sopko, B Spencer, N Stahl, J Stavitski, I Stolze, D Stone, R Storasta, J Strokan, N Strupinski, W Sudzius, M Surma, B Suuronen, J Suvorov, A Svensson, BG Tipton, P Tomasek, M Troncon, C Tsvetkov, A Tuominen, E Tuovinen, E Tuuva, T Tylchin, M Uebersee, H Uher, J Ullan, M Vaitkus, JV Vanni, P Velthuis, J Verzellesi, G Verbitskaya, E Vrba, V Wagner, G Wilhelm, I Worm, S Wright, V Wunstorf, R Zablerowski, P Zaluzhny, A Zavrtanik, M Zen, M Zhukov, V Zorzi, N TI Radiation-hard semiconductor detectors for SuperLHC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci ID HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON; PHOTOINDUCED TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN-ENRICHED SILICON; ION-IMPLANTED SILICON; FLOAT-ZONE SILICON; IRRADIATED SILICON; CZOCHRALSKI SILICON; SEMIINSULATING GAN; POINT-DEFECTS; SIC DETECTORS AB An option of increasing the luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN to 1035 cm-2 s-1 has been envisaged to extend the physics reach of the machine. An efficient tracking down to a few centimetres from the interaction point will be required to exploit the physics potential of the upgraded LHC. As a consequence, the semiconductor detectors close to the interaction region will receive severe doses of fast hadron irradiation and the inner tracker detectors will need to survive fast hadron fluences of up to above 1016cm-2. The CERN-RD50 project "Development of Radiation Hard Semiconductor Devices for Very High Luminosity Colliders" has been established in 2002 to explore detector materials and technologies that will allow to operate devices up to, or beyond, this limit. The strategies followed by RD50 to enhance the radiation tolerance include the development of new or defect engineered detector materials (SiC, GaN, Czochralski and epitaxial silicon, oxygen enriched Float Zone silicon), the improvement of present detector designs and the understanding of the microscopic defects causing the degradation of the irradiated detectors. The latest advancements within the RD50 collaboration on radiation hard semiconductor detectors will be reviewed and discussed in this work. 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet, INFN Firenze, I-50139 Florence, Italy. Univ Exeter, Dept Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Univ Oslo, Phys Dept Phys Elect, Oslo, Norway. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dept Phys, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Syracuse Univ, Expt Particle Phys Grp, Syracuse, NY USA. Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. SINTEF Elect & Cybernet Microsyst, N-0314 Oslo, Norway. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Dept Radiat Phys, Kiev, Ukraine. Inst Elect Mat Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padua, Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. State Sci Ctr Russian Fed, Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. ITC, IRST, Microsyst Div, Trento, Italy. Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. Czech Tech Univ Prague, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. CSIC, CNM, IMB, Ctr Nacl Microelect, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento Fis, Modena, Italy. Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Dipartimento Interateneo Fis, Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. Univ Turin, Expt Phys Dept, Turin, Italy. Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England. Univ Montreal, Grp Phys Particules, Montreal, PQ, Canada. CSIC, Joint Res Inst, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Valencia Estudi Gen, Valencia, Spain. Vilnius Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Appl Res, Vilnius, Lithuania. Univ Dortmund, Lehrstuhl Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Particle Phys, Villigen, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lund Univ, Dept Solid State Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Natl Inst Mat Phys, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Lappeenranta, Finland. Belarusian State Univ, Minsk 220050, Byelarus. CiS Inst Mikrosensorik gGmbH, Erfurt, Germany. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, SCIPP, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Inst Kristallzuchtung, Berlin, Germany. RP Bruzzi, M (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet, INFN Firenze, Via S Marta, I-50139 Florence, Italy. EM bruzzim@fi.infn.it RI Hruban, Andrzej/A-4479-2017; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Zavrtanik, Marko/A-1524-2008; Coutinho, Jose/A-7251-2010; Monakhov, Eduard/C-8716-2009; Pintilie, Ioana/C-4545-2011; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Mathieson, Keith/G-6308-2011; Lazanu, Sorina/B-7819-2012; Rafi, Joan Marc/D-5500-2012; Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/I-1783-2012; Focardi, Ettore/E-7376-2012; Olivero, Paolo/J-2953-2012; Lo Giudice, Alessandro/J-4567-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Irmscher, Klaus/I-1490-2013; Khomenkov, Volodymyr (Vladimir)/I-5957-2013; Grigoriev, Eugene/K-6650-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Petasecca, Marco/C-6436-2014; Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Fleta, Celeste/D-7303-2014; Pellegrini, Giulio/F-4921-2011; Campabadal, Francesca/E-6651-2014; Ivanov, Alexander/E-3993-2014; Boscardin, Maurizio/A-4420-2014; Zorzi, Nicola/M-3141-2014; Moscatelli, Francesco/N-6333-2014; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Pintilie, Lucian/D-9475-2011; Bruzzi, Mara/K-1326-2015; VERZELLESI, GIOVANNI/N-2215-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Ullan, Miguel/P-7392-2015; Lozano, Manuel/C-3445-2011; Blue, Andrew/C-9882-2016; Ruzin, Arie/P-9445-2016; Makarenko, Leonid/Q-7662-2016; OI Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Passeri, Daniele/0000-0001-5322-2414; Lagomarsino, Stefano/0000-0002-1306-560X; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; Coutinho, Jose/0000-0003-0280-366X; SCHIAVULLI, Luigi/0000-0003-0871-3585; Scorzoni, Andrea/0000-0003-4368-5233; Sciortino, Silvio/0000-0003-0570-7489; Zavrtanik, Marko/0000-0001-5606-6912; Mathieson, Keith/0000-0002-9517-8076; Lazanu, Sorina/0000-0003-0390-0779; Rafi, Joan Marc/0000-0003-4581-9477; Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/0000-0001-5516-9282; Focardi, Ettore/0000-0002-3763-5267; Olivero, Paolo/0000-0002-7512-6295; Lo Giudice, Alessandro/0000-0003-4753-3165; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Grigoriev, Eugene/0000-0001-7235-9715; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Fleta, Celeste/0000-0002-6591-6744; Pellegrini, Giulio/0000-0002-1606-3546; Campabadal, Francesca/0000-0001-7758-4567; Zorzi, Nicola/0000-0002-6650-3925; Moscatelli, Francesco/0000-0002-7676-3106; Pintilie, Lucian/0000-0002-4934-2912; Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365; VERZELLESI, GIOVANNI/0000-0001-5770-6512; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Lozano, Manuel/0000-0001-5826-5544; Blue, Andrew/0000-0002-7716-5626; Luukka, Panja/0000-0003-2340-4641; Hourahine, Benjamin/0000-0002-7667-7101 NR 51 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.056 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600026 ER PT J AU Harkonen, J Tuovinen, E Luukka, P Tuominen, E Li, Z Ivanov, A Verbitskaya, E Eremin, V Pirojenko, A Riihimaki, I Virtanen, A AF Harkonen, J Tuovinen, E Luukka, P Tuominen, E Li, Z Ivanov, A Verbitskaya, E Eremin, V Pirojenko, A Riihimaki, I Virtanen, A TI Particle detectors made of high-resistivity Czochralski silicon SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE Si particle detectors; radiation hardness; material engineering ID BULK STACKING-FAULTS; RADIATION HARDNESS; THERMAL DONORS; GROWN SILICON; NEUTRON AB We have processed pin-diodes and strip detectors on n- and p-type high-resistivity silicon wafers grown by magnetic Czochralski method. The Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si) wafers manufactured by Okmetic Oyj have nominal resistivity of 900 Omega cm and 1.9 k Omega cm for n- and p-type, respectively. The oxygen concentration in these substrates is slightly less than typically in wafers used for integrated circuit fabrication. This is optimal for semiconductor fabrication as well as for radiation hardness. The radiation hardness of devices has been investigated with several irradiation campaigns including low- and high-energy protons, neutrons, gamma-rays, lithium ions and electrons. Cz-Si was found to be more radiation hard than standard Float Zone silicon (Fz-Si) or oxygenated Fz-Si. When irradiated with protons, the full depletion voltage in Cz-Si has not exceeded its initial value of 300V even after the fluence of 5 x 10(14)cm(-2) 1-MeV eq. n cm(-2) that equals more than 30 years operation of strip detectors in LHC experiments. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Helsinki Inst Phys, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab, Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Harkonen, J (reprint author), CERN, Helsinki Inst Phys, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM jaakko.baerkoenen@cern.ch RI Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Ivanov, Alexander/E-3993-2014; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; OI Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Virtanen, Ari/0000-0002-6591-6787; Luukka, Panja/0000-0003-2340-4641 NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 202 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.057 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600027 ER PT J AU Chu, ML Hou, S Lee, SC Lu, RS Su, DS Teng, PK AF Chu, ML Hou, S Lee, SC Lu, RS Su, DS Teng, PK TI Radiation hardness of the 1550 nm edge emitting laser for the optical links of the CDF silicon tracker SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE optoelectronics; radiation hardness; optical data transmission ID DETECTOR AB Radiation hardness is investigated for the laser transmitter of the optical links used for the CDF Run II silicon tracker. Beam tests were conducted with 30, 63, and 200 MeV protons with radiation doses up to 2 Mrad. The laser transmitter consists of an edge-emitting-type laser diode array and a BiCMOS driver chip. The laser light degradation is approximately linear to the radiation dose. The light degradation is about 10% at 200 krad. The radiation tolerance is expected to suffice for the CDF Run II operation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Hou, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM suen@fnal.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 208 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.058 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600028 ER PT J AU Ciocio, A AF Ciocio, A TI Diagnostic analysis of silicon strips detector readout in the ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker module production SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE ATLAS SCT; silicon detector; IC; ABCD3T ID PERFORMANCE; CHIP AB The ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT) Collaboration is currently in the production phase of fabricating and testing silicon strips modules for the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider being built at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland. A small but relevant percent age of ICs developed a new set of defects after being mounted on hybrids that were not detected in the wafer screening. To minimize IC replacement and outright module failure, analysis methods were developed to study IC problems during the production of SCT modules. These analyses included studying wafer and hybrid data correlations to finely tune the selection of ICs and tests to utilize the ability to adjust front-end parameters of the IC in order to reduce the rejection and replacement rate of fabricated components. This paper will discuss a few examples of the problems encountered during the production of SCT hybrids and modules in the area of ICs performance, and will demonstrate the value of the flexibility built into the ABCD3T chip. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ciocio, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ciocio@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.065 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600035 ER PT J AU Takahashi, T Nakazawa, K Watanabe, S Sato, G Mitani, T Tanaka, T Oonuki, K Tamura, K Tajima, H Kamae, T Madejski, G Nomachi, M Fukazawa, Y Makishima, K Kokubun, M Terada, Y Kataoka, J Tashiro, M AF Takahashi, T Nakazawa, K Watanabe, S Sato, G Mitani, T Tanaka, T Oonuki, K Tamura, K Tajima, H Kamae, T Madejski, G Nomachi, M Fukazawa, Y Makishima, K Kokubun, M Terada, Y Kataoka, J Tashiro, M TI Application of CdTe for the NeXT mission SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE gamma-ray astronomy; Compton telescope; CZT; CdTe ID HARD X-RAY; COMPTON TELESCOPE; DETECTOR; DIODE; PERFORMANCE; PHOTODIODES; ASTRONOMY AB Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) have been regarded as promising semiconductor materials for hard X-ray and gamma-ray detection. The high-atomic number of the materials (Z(Cd) = 48, Z(Te) = 52) gives a high quantum efficiency in comparison with Si. The large band-gap energy (E-g = 1.5 eV) allows to operate the detector at room temperature. Based on recent achievements in high-resolution CdTe detectors, in the technology of ASICs and in bump-bonding, we have proposed the novel hard X-ray and gamma-ray detectors for the NeXT mission in Japan. The high-energy response of the super mirror onboard NeXT will enable us to perform the first sensitive imaging observations up to 80keV. The focal plane detector, which combines a fully depleted X-ray CCD and a pixellated CdTe detector, will provide spectra and images in the wide energy range from 0.5 to 80keV. In the soft gamma-ray band up to similar to 1 MeV, a narrow field-of-view Compton gamma-ray telescope utilizing several tens of layers of thin Si or CdTe detector will provide precise spectra with much higher sensitivity than present instruments. The continuum sensitivity will reach several x 10(-8) photons(-1) keV(-1) cm(-1) in the hard X-ray region and a few X 10(-7) photons(-1) keV(-1) cm(-2) in the soft gamma-ray region. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Osaka Univ, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Saitama Univ, Urawa, Saitama 3388570, Japan. RP Takahashi, T (reprint author), Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM takahasi@astro.isas.jaxa.jp RI Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012; Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013 OI Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 332 EP 341 DI 10.1016/0j.nima.2005.01.073 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600043 ER PT J AU Fukazawa, Y Nakamoto, T Sawamoto, N Uno, S Ohsugi, T Tajima, H Takahashi, T Mitani, T Tanaka, T Nakazawa, K AF Fukazawa, Y Nakamoto, T Sawamoto, N Uno, S Ohsugi, T Tajima, H Takahashi, T Mitani, T Tanaka, T Nakazawa, K TI Development of low-noise double-sided silicon strip detector for cosmic soft gamma-ray Compton Camera SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE silicon strip detector; Compton camera; VA-chip; gamma-ray detector ID POLARIZATION; TELESCOPE; ENERGY AB Double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSD) provide a very promising technology for constructing a Compton Camera, which is expected to provide a high-sensitivity soft gamma-ray observation in the 0.1-20 MeV energy range. The merits of DSSD are the high-energy resolution, high scattering efficiency, low radio-activation in the orbit, moderate radiation hardness, smaller Doppler broadening, large size, and stable performance. A key feature for optimal performance is the low noise level of the DSSD and the attached frontend electronics. We minimized the noise by optimization of the electrode geometry of the DSSD. We have thus obtained an energy resolution of 1.3 keV (FWHM) for 60 and 122 keV at -10 degrees C. It was found that the detection efficiency for gamma-rays was uniform over the DSSD and the signal charge split between neighboring strips was not significant. We also confirmed that the Compton imaging by two DSSDs achieved a good angular resolution close to the Doppler-broadening limit. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hiroshima Univ, Dept Chem, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. RP Fukazawa, Y (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Dept Chem, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. EM fukazawa@hirax6.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp NR 15 TC 13 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 342 EP 349 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.074 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600044 ER PT J AU Sato, G Parsons, A Hullinger, D Suzuki, M Takahashi, T Tashiro, M Nakazawa, K Okada, Y Takahashi, H Watanabe, S Barthelmy, S Cummings, J Gehrels, N Krimm, H Markwardt, C Tueller, J Fenimore, E Palmer, D AF Sato, G Parsons, A Hullinger, D Suzuki, M Takahashi, T Tashiro, M Nakazawa, K Okada, Y Takahashi, H Watanabe, S Barthelmy, S Cummings, J Gehrels, N Krimm, H Markwardt, C Tueller, J Fenimore, E Palmer, D TI Development of a spectral model based on charge transport for the Swift/BAT 32K CdZnTe detector array SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Hiroshima, JAPAN SP Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci DE gamma-ray astronomy; swift; BAT; CdZnTe; mobility-lifetime products; spectral model ID CDTE AB The properties of 32K CdZnTe (4 x 4 mm(2) large, 2 rum thick) detectors have been studied in the pre-flight calibration of the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on-board the Swift Gamma-ray Burst Explorer (scheduled for launch in November 2004). In order to understand the energy response of the BAT CdZnTe array, we first quantify the mobility-lifetime (mu tau) products of carriers in individual CdZnTe detectors, which produce a position dependency in the charge induction efficiency and results in a low-energy tail in the energy spectrum. Based on a new method utilizing Co-57 spectra obtained at different bias voltages, the mu tau for electrons ranges from 5.0 x 10(-4) to 1.0 x 10(-2) cm(2) V-1 while the mu tau for holes ranges from 1.3 x 10(-5) to 1.8 x 10(-4) cm(2) V-1. We find that this wide distribution of mu tau products explains the large diversity in spectral shapes between CdZnTe detectors well. We also find that the variation of mu tau products can be attributed to the difference of crystal ingots or manufacturing harness. We utilize the 32K sets of extracted mu tau products to develop a spectral model of the detector. In combination with Monte Carlo simulations, we can construct a spectral model for any photon energy or any incident angle. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 JAXA, ISAS, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Saitama Univ, Sakura, Saitama 3388570, Japan. Univ Space Res Assoc, Seabrook, MD USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Sato, G (reprint author), JAXA, ISAS, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM gsato@astro.isas.jaxa.jp RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Tueller, Jack/D-5334-2012; Parsons, Ann/I-6604-2012; Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012 NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 541 IS 1-2 BP 372 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.078 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 919LX UT WOS:000228620600048 ER PT J AU Ryan, CG Etschmann, BE Vogt, S Maser, J Harland, CL van Achterbergh, E Legnini, D AF Ryan, CG Etschmann, BE Vogt, S Maser, J Harland, CL van Achterbergh, E Legnini, D TI Nuclear microprobe-synchrotron synergy: Towards integrated quantitative real-time elemental imaging using PIXE and SXRF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications CY SEP 13-17, 2004 CL Cavtat, CROATIA SP Minist Sci & Technol Croatia DE nuclear microprobe; synchrotron; X-ray fluorescence microprobe; proton microprobe; PIXE; SXRF; quantitative imaging; spectroscopy ID DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; MELT INCLUSIONS AB The Dynamic Analysis (DA) method, for the projection of quantitative elemental images using Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), has been extended for use with energy-dispersive Synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence (SXRF) data collected with the X-ray microprobe by making use of similarities and synergy with nuclear microscopy. The broad element sensitivity of PIXE is complemented by the selective nature of SXRF, where the beam energy can be tuned to optimize the sensitivity in a portion of the periodic table. PIXE combined with Proton Induced gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) in this study provided images of geological samples of 25 elements, including characteristic X-rays up to the energy of the Nd K lines (37 keV). Maximum sensitivity was achieved for elements around Z similar to 33 with detection limits of similar to 250 ppb (in 5 h). SXRF using a 16.1 keV photon microbeam provided images of 16 elements, with optimum sensitivity around Z similar to 35 with detection limits of similar to 70 ppb (in 11 h), an improvement of similar to 2.4 times when corrected for acquisition time. Crown Copyright (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved. C1 CSIRO Explorat & Min, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Australian Synchrotron Res Program, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Ryan, CG (reprint author), CSIRO Explorat & Min, Bayview Ave, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. EM chris.ryan@csiro.au RI Ryan, Chris/A-6032-2011; Etschmann, Barbara/H-7731-2012; Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013; Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013 OI Ryan, Chris/0000-0003-2891-3912; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513 NR 12 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2005 VL 231 SI SI BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.054 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 935AY UT WOS:000229752400031 ER PT J AU Vizkelethy, G Doyle, BL Brice, DK Dodd, PE Shaneyfelt, MR Schwank, JR AF Vizkelethy, G Doyle, BL Brice, DK Dodd, PE Shaneyfelt, MR Schwank, JR TI Radiation effects microscopy for failure analysis of microelectronic devices SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications CY SEP 13-17, 2004 CL Cavtat, CROATIA SP Minist Sci & Technol Croatia DE radiation effects microscopy; single event upset; radiation hardened ICs ID INDUCED CHARGE COLLECTION; SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; SEMICONDUCTOR-DEVICES; HEAVY-IONS; N-TYPE; SILICON; MECHANISMS; THEOREM AB Microelectronic devices in satellites and spacecraft are exposed to high energy cosmic radiation. Furthermore, Earth-based electronics can be affected by terrestrial radiation. The radiation causes a variety of Single Event Effects (SEE) that can lead to failure of the devices. High energy heavy ion beams are being used to simulate both the cosmic and terrestrial radiation to study radiation effects and to ensure the reliability of electronic devices. Broad beam experiments can provide a measure of the radiation hardness of a device (SEE cross section) but they are unable to pinpoint the failing components in the circuit. A nuclear microbeam is an ideal tool to map SEE on a microscopic scale and find the circuit elements (transistors, capacitors, etc.) that are responsible for the failure of the device. In this paper a review of the latest radiation effects microscopy (REM) work at Sandia will be given. Different SEE mechanisms (Single Event Upset, Single Event Transient, etc.) and the methods to study them (Ion Beam Induced Charge (IBIC), Single Event Upset mapping, etc.) will be discussed. Several examples of using REM to study the basic effects of radiation in electronic devices and failure analysis of integrated circuits will be given. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vizkelethy, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gvizkel@sandia.gov NR 24 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2005 VL 231 SI SI BP 467 EP 475 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.102 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 935AY UT WOS:000229752400079 ER PT J AU Seliger, M Reinhold, CO Minami, T Burgdorfer, J AF Seliger, M Reinhold, CO Minami, T Burgdorfer, J TI Non-unitary master equation for the internal state of ions traversing solids SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids CY JUL 04-09, 2004 CL Genova, ITALY DE open quantum system; quantum trajectory Monte Carlo; QTMC; radiative decay; Lindblad equation AB We present a new method describing the time development of the internal state of fast highly charged ions subject to collisions and to spontaneous radiative decay during transport through solids. Our method describes both the build-up of coherences and the decoherence of the open quantum system due to the interaction with its environment. The dynamics of the reduced density matrix is governed by a Lindblad master equation that can be solved by Monte Carlo sampling techniques. In practice, the standard Lindblad equation can be of limited value because it describes strictly unitary time transformations of the reduced density matrix. We have developed a generalized non-unitary Lindblad form (and its Monte Carlo implementation) for the evolution in finite subspaces in which the coupling to the complement is taken into account. We use the radiative decay of a free hydrogenic atom in vacuum as a simple test case. We present an application for Kr35+ ions traversing carbon foils with varying thickness and compare our results with experiments. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Seliger, M (reprint author), Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Wiedner Hauptstr 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM marek@concord.itp.tuwien.ac.at OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2005 VL 230 SI SI BP 7 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.12.008 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 913BY UT WOS:000228126500003 ER PT J AU Vergara, LI Meyer, FW Krause, HF AF Vergara, LI Meyer, FW Krause, HF TI Path dependence of the charge state distributions of low-energy Fq+ ions backscattered from RbI(100) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids CY JUL 04-09, 2004 CL Genova, ITALY DE ion-surface scattering; multicharged ions; projectile neutralization; RbI; fluorine ID LARGE-ANGLE BACKSCATTERING; SITE-RESOLVED NEUTRALIZATION; QUASI-BINARY COLLISIONS; AU(110); TIME; INCIDENT AB Projectile neutralization during backscattering from RbI(l 00) of F multicharged ions in the keV energy range was investigated utilizing a time-of-flight technique. The energy and charge state distributions of the scattered ions were measured as a function of the polar incidence angle and the target azimuthal orientation. We found significant variations in the neutralization degree for incident projectiles of different charge states. The charge state distribution of scattered ions, including negative charge states, was found to depend on both the polar incidence and azimuthal orientation angles. These variations are attributed to the particular hard and soft encounters with neighboring lattice sites at the target surface along the path of the ion. Sample data for few-keV F2+ and F7+ incident projectiles are presented to illustrate the underlying concepts. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vergara, LI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vergarali@ornl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2005 VL 230 SI SI BP 379 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.12.070 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 913BY UT WOS:000228126500065 ER PT J AU Neri, F Walstrom, PL AF Neri, F Walstrom, PL TI A simple empirical forward model for combined nuclear and multiple Coulomb scattering in proton radiography of thick objects SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE proton radiography; multiple scattering; proton-nucleus scattering; modeling AB A deterministic forward model that includes the essential physics of all of the elements of the radiographic chain is required to extract volume density distributions and material iriterface surface positions from proton transmission radiographs by iterative non-linear fitting of parametric forward models. An essential part of the forward model is an analytic description of the angular distribution that an incident pencil beamlet acquires in passing through a thick slab of material. The angular-distribution model described here includes nuclear attenuation, multiple Coulomb scattering, coherent nuclear elastic scattering. and quasielastic nuclear scattering. The model is in good agreement with experimental step-wedge proton transmission data from experiments at the AGS proton accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Walstrom, PL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM walstrom@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2005 VL 229 IS 3-4 BP 425 EP 435 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.12.116 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 909FB UT WOS:000227844700013 ER PT J AU Kizilersu, A Thomas, AW Williams, AG AF Kizilersu, A Thomas, AW Williams, AG TI QCD down under - Proceedings of the Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics - Adelaide, Australia, 10-19 March 2004 - Preface SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, CSSM, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Kizilersu, A (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, CSSM, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP V EP V DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(04)01093-X PG 1 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400001 ER PT J AU Lawley, S Bentz, V Thomas, AW AF Lawley, S Bentz, V Thomas, AW TI Neutron star properties from an NJL model modified to simulate confinement SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID NUCLEAR-MATTER; FADDEEV EQUATION; PHASE-TRANSITION AB The NJL model has recently been extended with a method to simulate confinement. This leads in mean field approximation to a natural mechanism for the saturation of nuclear matter. We use the model to investigate the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter and then use it to compute the properties of neutron stars. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Tokai Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2591207, Japan. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Lawley, S (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphyspbs.2004.12.005 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400006 ER PT J AU Holl, A Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD AF Holl, A Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD TI Confinement, DCSB bound states and the quark-gluon vertex SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; PROPAGATOR; PHYSICS; THEOREM; MASSES AB Aspects of the dressed-quark-gluon vertex and their role in the gap and Bethe-Salpeter equations are briefly surveyed using an intuitive model. The model allows one to elucidate why a linear extrapolation to the chiral limit of extant lattice data on the dressed-quark mass-function overestimates this function and hence the value of the vacuum quark condensate. The diagrammatic content of the vertex described is explicitly enumerable. This property, is essential to the symmetry preserving study of bound state properties. It facilitates a realistic analysis of vector and pseudoscalar meson masses, and also allows the accuracy of standard truncations to be gauged. The splitting between vector and pseudoscalar meson masses is observed to vanish as the current-quark mass increases. That argues for the mass of the pseudoscalar partner of the Y (1S) to be above 9.4 GeV. Moreover, in this limit the rainbow-ladder truncation provides an increasingly accurate estimate of a bound state's mass. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Rostock, Fachbereich Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. RP Holl, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.009 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400009 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ AF Brodsky, SJ TI Applications of light-front QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID WAVE-FUNCTION REPRESENTATION; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; INTRINSIC CHARM; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; CONFORMAL SYMMETRY; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; SPIN ASYMMETRIES; SCALING LAWS AB Light-front Fock state wavefunctions encode the bound state properties of hadrons in terms of their quark and gluon degrees of freedom at the amplitude level. The freedom to choose the light-like quantization four-vector provides an explicitly covariant formulation of light-front quantization and can be used to determine the analytic structure of light-front wave functions. The AdS/CFT correspondence of large N-C supergravity theory in higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter space with supersymmetric QCD in 4-dimensional space-time has interesting implications for hadron phenomenology in the conformal limit, including an all-orders demonstration of counting rules for exclusive processes. String/gauge duality also predicts the QCD power-law behavior of light-front Fock-state hadronic wavefunctions with arbitrary orbital angular momentum at high momentum transfer. The form of these near-conformal wavefunctions can be used as an initial ansatz for a variational treatment of the light-front QCD Hamiltonian. I also briefly review recent work which shows that some leading-twist phenomena such as the diffractive component of deep inelastic scattering, single spin asymmetries, nuclear shadowing and antishadowing cannot be computed from the LFWFs of hadrons in isolation. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.013 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400013 ER PT J AU Melnitchouk, W AF Melnitchouk, W TI Jefferson Lab phenomenology: an overview SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID SCATTERING; DUALITY; SPIN AB Experiments at Jefferson Lab are pushing the frontiers of our knowledge about the structure and dynamics of nucleons and nuclei. I will review a selection of recent results and discuss their impact on our understanding of hadron structure. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Melnitchouk, W (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.023 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400023 ER PT J AU Cloet, IC Bentz, W Thomas, AW AF Cloet, IC Bentz, W Thomas, AW TI Spin-dependent parton distributions in the nucleon SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID EXTENDED NJL MODEL; LATTICE QCD; DEUTERIUM; PROTON; MATTER AB Spin-dependent quark light-cone momentum distributions are calculated for a nucleon in the nuclear medium. We utilize a modified NJL model where the nucleon is described as a composite quark-diquark state. Scalar and vector mean fields are incorporated in the nuclear medium and these fields couple to the confined quarks in the nucleon. The effect of these fields on the spin-dependent distributions and consequently the axial charges is investigated. Our results for the "spin-dependent EMC effect" are also discussed. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Sturct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys & Math Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Tokai Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Cloet, IC (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Sturct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.034 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400034 ER PT J AU Young, RD Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW AF Young, RD Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW TI Finite-range regularisation and chiral extrapolation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA AB We study the expansion of the nucleon mass in chiral effective field theory. We describe finite-range regularisation and demonstrate its application to the chiral extrapolation problem for lattice QCD. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Univ Adelaide, Special Res CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Young, Ross/H-8207-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.035 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400035 ER PT J AU Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG AF Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG TI Chiral SU(3) quark mean-field model for hadronic systems SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA ID MESON COUPLING MODEL; NUCLEAR-MATTER; BAG MODEL; SYMMETRY; EQUATION; STATE AB We perform a study of infinite hadronic matter and finite nuclei at finite temperature and density with an improved method of calculating the effective baryon mass. A detailed study of the predictions of the model is made in comparison with the available data and the level of agreement is generally very good. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.041 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400041 ER PT J AU Leinweber, DB Boinepalli, S Thomas, AW Williams, AG Young, RD Zhang, JB Zanotti, JM AF Leinweber, DB Boinepalli, S Thomas, AW Williams, AG Young, RD Zhang, JB Zanotti, JM TI Systematic uncertainties in the precise determination of the strangeness magnetic moment of the nucleon SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics CY MAR 10-19, 2004 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA AB Systematic uncertainties in the recent precise determination of the strangeness magnetic moment of the nucleon are identified and quantified. In summary, G(M)(s) = -0.051 +/- 0.021 mu(N). C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. DESY, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, John Von Naumann Inst Comp, NIC, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Leinweber, DB (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592; Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2005 VL 141 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.12.043 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 900YY UT WOS:000227251400043 ER PT J AU King, RW AF King, RW TI NuclearTechnology - Foreword SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP King, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 150 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 910YS UT WOS:000227968700001 ER PT J AU Lyness, JN Monegato, G AF Lyness, JN Monegato, G TI Asymptotic expansions for two-dimensional hypersingular integrals SO NUMERISCHE MATHEMATIK LA English DT Article ID EULER-MACLAURIN EXPANSION; FINITE-PART INTEGRALS; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; QUADRATURE; SINGULARITIES; CUBATURE AB We define and examine two-dimensional hypersingular integrals on [0, 1)(2) and on [0,infinity)(2) and relate their Hadamard finite-part (HFP) values to Mellin transforms. These integrands have algebraic singularities of a possibly unintegrable nature on the axes and at the origin. Extending our work on one-dimensional integrals reported in 1998, we obtain variants of the classical Euler-Maclaurin expansion for various two-dimensional integrals. In many cases, the constant term in the expansion ( which is not necessarily the leading term) provides the value of the HFP integral. These expansions may be used as the basis for the numerical evaluation of a class of HFP integrals by extrapolation. C1 Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Matemat, I-10129 Turin, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Math, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Monegato, G (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Matemat, Cso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy. EM lyness@mcs.anl.gov; giovanni.monegata@polito.it NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-599X J9 NUMER MATH JI Numer. Math. PD APR PY 2005 VL 100 IS 2 BP 293 EP 329 DI 10.1007/s00211-004-0576-z PG 37 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 914ZE UT WOS:000228266400006 ER PT J AU Joly, NY Omenetto, FG Efimov, A Taylor, AJ Knight, JC Russell, PS AF Joly, NY Omenetto, FG Efimov, A Taylor, AJ Knight, JC Russell, PS TI Competition between spectral splitting and Raman frequency shift in negative-dispersion slope photonic crystal fiber SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE photonic crystal fibers; soliton frequency shift ID PULSES AB We report on the nonlinear behavior of high air-filling fraction solid-core photonic crystal fibers pumped with ultra short pulses in the vicinity of a negative-slope zero-crossing of the group velocity dispersion. We observed dramatically different behavior when the pump wavelength lies in the normal or the anomalous dispersion range. When pumping at the zero-dispersion wavelength the combined effects of spectral splitting, self-phase modulation and soliton self frequency shift result a "comma"-shape of the power-dependant spectra. This spectral feature is explained using a simple model. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Optoelect Grp, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Joly, NY (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Optoelect Grp, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM pysnaj@bath.ac.uk RI Knight, Jonathan/D-3879-2011; Russell, Philip/G-5132-2012; Joly, Nicolas/D-3715-2011; OI Knight, Jonathan/0000-0002-0802-8804; Russell, Philip/0000-0002-8972-2477; Efimov, Anatoly/0000-0002-5559-4147 NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 248 IS 1-3 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.11.091 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 917GA UT WOS:000228443200030 ER PT J AU Baranec, CJ Bauman, BJ Lloyd-Hart, M AF Baranec, CJ Bauman, BJ Lloyd-Hart, M TI Concept for a laser guide beacon Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor with dynamically steered subapertures SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STAR ADAPTIVE OPTICS; PERSPECTIVE ELONGATION; SYSTEM; REFOCUS; SCIENCE AB We describe an innovative implementation of the Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor that is designed to correct the perspective elongation of a laser guide beacon in adaptive optics. Subapertures are defined by the segments of a deformable mirror rather than by a conventional lenslet array. A bias tilt on each segment separates the beacon images on the sensor's detector. One removes the perspective elongation by dynamically driving each segment with a predetermined open-loop signal that would, in the absence of atmospheric wave-front aberration, keep the corresponding beacon image centered on the subaperture's optical axis. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Arizona, Ctr Astron Adapt Opt, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Baranec, CJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Ctr Astron Adapt Opt, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM baranec@as.arizona.edu NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 7 BP 693 EP 695 DI 10.1364/OL.30.000693 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 908WT UT WOS:000227821600001 PM 15832908 ER PT J AU Rademaker, K Heumann, E Huber, G Payne, SA Krupke, WE Isaenko, LI Burger, A AF Rademaker, K Heumann, E Huber, G Payne, SA Krupke, WE Isaenko, LI Burger, A TI Laser activity at 1.18, 1.07, and 0.97 mu m in the low-phonon-energy hosts KPb2Br5 and RbPb2Br5 doped with Nd3+ SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB For the first time to the authors' knowledge, laser activity has been achieved in low-phonon-energy, moisture-resistant bromide host crystals, neodymium-doped potassium lead bromide (Nd3+:KPb2Br5) and rubidium lead bromide (Nd3+:RbPb2Br5; RPB). Laser activity at 1.07 mu m was observed for both crystalline materials. Laser operation at the new wavelengths 1.18 and 0.97 mu m that resulted from the F-4(5/2) +H-2(9/2)-I-4(J) transitions (J=13/2 and J=11/2) in Nd:RPB was achieved in a solid-state laser material. Rare-earth-doped MPb2Br5 (M=K, Rb) is a promising candidate for long-wavelength infrared applications because of its low phonon frequencies and other favorable features. In principle, Nd3+:MPb2Br5 has high potential for laser operation at new wavelengths as well as for the achievement of short-wavelength lasing as a result of upconversion. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Laser Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Design & Technol Inst, Novosibirsk 63005, Russia. Fisk Univ, Ctr Photon Mat & Devices, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Rademaker, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM katja.rademaker@web.de RI Isaenko, Ludmila/H-7620-2013; Isaenko, Ludmila/A-5272-2014 NR 7 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 7 BP 729 EP 731 DI 10.1364/OL.30.000729 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 908WT UT WOS:000227821600013 PM 15832920 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Wright, IG AF Pint, BA Wright, IG TI Oxidation behavior of ODS Fe-Cr alloys SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE oxide dispersion strengthened; ferritic steel; oxidation; water vapor; reactive element effect ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; OXIDE HYDROXIDE EVAPORATION; FERRITIC MARTENSITIC STEELS; WATER-VAPOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; REACTIVE ELEMENTS; DISPERSED OXIDES; STAINLESS-STEELS; CRITICAL-ISSUES; FUSION ENERGY AB Four experimental oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Fe-(13-14 at.%) Cr ferritic alloys were exposed for up to 10,000 hr at 700-1100 degrees C in air and in air with 10 vol.% water vapor. Their performance has been compared to other commercial ODS and stainless steel alloys. At 700-800. C, the reaction rates in air were very low for all of the ODS Fe - Cr alloys compared to stainless steels. At 900 degrees C, a Y2O3 dispersion showed a distinct benefit in improving oxidation resistance compared to an Al2O3 dispersion or no addition in the stainless steels. However, for the Fe-13% Cr alloy, breakaway oxidation occurred after 7,000 hr at 900 degrees C in air. Exposures in 10% water vapor at 800 and 900 degrees C and in air at 1000 and 1100 degrees C showed increased attack for this class of alloys. Because of the relatively low Cr reservoirs in these alloys, their maximum operating temperature in air will be below 900 degrees C. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pintba@ornl.gov RI Wright, Ian/A-8300-2008; Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X EI 1573-4889 J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD APR PY 2005 VL 63 IS 3-4 BP 193 EP 213 DI 10.1007/s11085-004-3200-9 PG 21 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 910XD UT WOS:000227964600004 ER PT J AU Karapetian, E Kachanov, M Kalinin, SV AF Karapetian, E Kachanov, M Kalinin, SV TI Nanoelectromechanics of piezoelectric indentation and applications to scanning probe microscopies of ferroelectric materials SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID INCLUDING SLIDING FRICTION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TRANSVERSE ISOTROPY; ELASTIC FIELD; HALF-SPACE; POLARIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOSCALE; CERAMICS; SOLIDS AB Nanoelectromechanics of piezoelectric indentation, including the structure of coupled electroelastic fields and stiffness relations, is analysed for flat, spherical, and conical indenter geometries. Exact solutions in elementary functions for electroelastic fields inside the material are obtained using the recently established correspondence principle between the elastic and the piezoelectric problems. The stiffness relations fully describe the indentation process and relate indentation depth, indentation force and bias to the relevant material properties and indenter parameters. This extends the results of Hertzian mechanics to piezoelectric materials. The stiffness relations are utilized for quantitative understanding of the electromechanical scanning probe microscopies (SPM) of ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials, including piezoresponse force microscopy, atomic force acoustic microscopy, scanning near-field acoustic microscopy, and heterodyne ultrasonic-electrostatic force microscopy. The structure of the electroelastic field yields a quantitative measure of signal generation volume in electromechanical SPMs and also provides a quantitative basis for the analysis of tip-induced polarisation switching and local hysteresis loop measurements. C1 Suffolk Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Karapetian, E (reprint author), Suffolk Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM karap@comcast.net RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Kachanov, Mark/F-7571-2015 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Kachanov, Mark/0000-0002-6354-0341 NR 32 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 10 BP 1017 EP 1051 DI 10.1080/14786430412331324680 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 914ZN UT WOS:000228267500003 ER PT J AU Bud'ko, SL Wilke, RHT Angst, M Canfield, PC AF Bud'ko, SL Wilke, RHT Angst, M Canfield, PC TI Effect of pressure on the superconducting transition temperature of doped and neutron-damaged MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE superconductors; high pressure; MgB2; doping ID MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; DEPENDENCE; CHEMISTRY; CELL AB Measurements of the superconducting transition temperatures for Al-doped, C-doped and neutron-damaged-annealed MgB2 samples under pressure up to similar to 8 kbar are presented. The dT(c)/dP values change systematically with the decrease of the ambient pressure T, in a regular fashion. The evolution of the pressure derivatives can be understood assuming that the change in phonon spectrum is a dominant contribution to dT(c)/dP. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bud'ko, SL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM budko@ameslab.gov RI Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 420 IS 3-4 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2005.02.001 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 915OJ UT WOS:000228313300003 ER PT J AU Barabash, RI Ice, GE Liu, W Einfeldt, S Hommel, D Roskowski, AM Davis, RF AF Barabash, RI Ice, GE Liu, W Einfeldt, S Hommel, D Roskowski, AM Davis, RF TI White X-ray microbeam analysis of strain and crystallographic tilt in GaN layers grown by maskless pendeoepitaxy SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitrides Semiconductors (IWN 2004) CY JUL 19-23, 2004 CL Pittsburgh, PA ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; PENDEO-EPITAXY; THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALS AB We describe X-ray and finite element analysis of dislocations, strain and crystallographic tilt in uncoalesced GaN layers grown by maskless pendeoepitaxy. The experimental results reveal that the GaN wings are tilted upward at room temperature. The distribution of strain and tilt depends on the width-to-height ratio of the GaN column. As the width-to-height ratio increases the wing tilt increases and changes more abruptly at the column/wing interface. Broadening of the GaN Laue reflections is more pronounced in the column region then in the wing region; this is in line with the inhomogeneity of both the strain and the defect density. A split in the Laue reflections from GaN films at the column/wing interface indicates the development of a low-angle tilt boundary for samples with a large width-to-height ratio of the column. Spacing between the dislocations in the tilt boundary at the column/wing interface for GaN grown with maskless pendeoepitaxy is an order of magnitude larger than the dislocation spacing observed for masked lateral epitaxial growth. (c) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Barabash, RI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM barabashr@ornl.gov RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD APR PY 2005 VL 202 IS 5 BP 732 EP 738 DI 10.1002/pssa.200461364 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 920HE UT WOS:000228679200009 ER PT J AU Emmons, ED Aguilar, A Gharaibeh, MF Scully, SWJ Phaneuf, RA Kilcoyne, ALD Schlachter, AS Alvarez, I Cisneros, C Hinojosa, G AF Emmons, ED Aguilar, A Gharaibeh, MF Scully, SWJ Phaneuf, RA Kilcoyne, ALD Schlachter, AS Alvarez, I Cisneros, C Hinojosa, G TI Photoionization and electron-impact ionization of Xe3+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS; CHARGED XENON IONS; 4D ELECTRONS; PHOTO-IONIZATION; ABSOLUTE; RADIATION; ENERGIES; SEQUENCE; XE-3; XE2+ AB Photoionization and electron-impact ionization of Xe3+ ions in the region of 4d inner-shell excitation-autoionization have been studied using interacting-beam spectroscopic techniques. Absolute cross sections for photoionization of Xe3+ have been obtained and the electron-impact spectrum has been normalized to previously published absolute data. The Xe3+ spectra show large contributions from 4d -> nf excitation-autoionization processes compared to the lower charge states of Xe due to the significant collapse of the nf wave functions into the ion core as the initial charge state of the ion is increased. In addition, a tentative value for the ionization potential of Xe3+ of 42.2 +/- 0.2 eV was obtained. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico. RP Emmons, ED (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, MS 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM emmons@physics.unr.edu RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 042704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.042704 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 921GR UT WOS:000228752700068 ER PT J AU Gilb, S Nestorov, V Leone, SR Keske, JC Nugent-Glandorf, L Grant, ER AF Gilb, S Nestorov, V Leone, SR Keske, JC Nugent-Glandorf, L Grant, ER TI Kr (n=5-10,s,d,g) electronic wave packets: Electron time-of-flight resolution and the ac-Stark shift during wave-packet preparation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; AUTOIONIZING STATES; 3-PHOTON EXCITATION; LASER-PULSES; KRYPTON; XENON; XE AB A two-color (3+1(')) pump-probe scheme is used to create Rydberg wave packets in krypton atoms. The ac-Stark shift, caused by the high intensity pump pulse, allows access to states with principal quantum numbers n=5-10 over a broad energy range. States shifted by as much as 3000 cm(-1) during the pump pulse are coherently excited, resulting in wave-packet superpositions of field free states. By resolving the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons produced in the ionization probe step, numerous quantum beats are resolved and assigned. In addition, the energies of four previously unmeasured g states are determined. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@berkeley.edu NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 042709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.042709 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 921GR UT WOS:000228752700073 ER PT J AU Havener, CC Rejoub, R Krstic, PS Smith, ACH AF Havener, CC Rejoub, R Krstic, PS Smith, ACH TI Charge transfer in low-energy collisions of He(2+) with atomic hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COMMON-TRANSLATION-FACTOR; CLOSE-COUPLING CALCULATIONS; SELECTIVE ELECTRON-CAPTURE; CROSS-SECTIONS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; HE2&-H COLLISIONS; IMPACT ENERGIES; PLANE-WAVE; H-ATOMS; IONS AB Using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory ion-atom merged-beams apparatus, absolute total charge-transfer cross sections have been measured for collisions of He(2+)+H over a range of energies from 380 to 2620 eV/u. The experimental results are compared to previous measurements using different experimental techniques. A hidden-crossing coupled-channel (HCCC) calculation is performed in the collision energy range of 10 to 3000 eV/u and is compared with the measured data as well as with other theories. The HCCC calculation, which is deemed accurate below 1000 eV/u, is also used to determine differential cross sections. The resultant angular scattering information is used to correct the merged-beams data, which is characterized by a large but limited angular acceptance at these collision energies. Our combined experimental and theoretical study provides an improved benchmark for this fundamental system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Havener, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM havenercc@ornl.gov NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 042707 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.042707 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 921GR UT WOS:000228752700071 ER PT J AU Angst, M Bud'ko, SL Wilke, RHT Canfield, PC AF Angst, M Bud'ko, SL Wilke, RHT Canfield, PC TI Difference between Al and C doping in anisotropic upper critical field development in MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB The temperature dependence of the upper critical field H-c2 for both field directions in partially substituted polycrystalline MgB2 was determined. Whereas the suppression of T-c is similar for aluminum and carbon substituted samples, H-c2 is affected by the substitution in profoundly different ways. In the case of Al substitution changes can tentatively be described by intrinsic effects (shift of the Fermi level). In the C substituted samples, H-c2 is increased drastically, and extrinsic effects (disorder) have to play a major role. The strong contrast between the two substitutions is discussed, taking into account three relevant scattering rates. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM angst@ameslab.gov RI Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; NR 42 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144512 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700081 ER PT J AU Burkert, T Eriksson, O Simak, SI Ruban, AV Sanyal, B Nordstrom, L Wills, JM AF Burkert, T Eriksson, O Simak, SI Ruban, AV Sanyal, B Nordstrom, L Wills, JM TI Magnetic anisotropy of L1(0) FePt and Fe1-xMnxPt SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATION; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; THIN-FILMS; ORBITAL MAGNETISM; ORDERED ALLOYS; SPECIAL POINTS; BAND THEORY; TRANSITION; CO AB The uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of L1(0) FePt and Fe1-xMnxPt, x=0-0.25, was studied from first principles using two fully relativistic computational methods, the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbitals method and the exact muffin-tin orbitals method. It was found that the large MAE of 2.8 meV/f.u. is caused by a delicate interaction between the Fe and Pt atoms, where the large spin-orbit coupling of the Pt site and the hybridization between Fe 3d and Pt 5d states is crucial. The effect of random order on the MAE was modeled by mutual alloying of the sublattices within the coherent potential approximation (CPA), and a strong dependence of the MAE on the degree of chemical long-range order was found. The alloying of FePt with Mn was investigated with the virtual crystal approximation and the CPA as well as supercell calculations. The MAE increases up to 33% within the concentration range studied here, an effect that is attributed to band filling. Furthermore, the dependence of the MAE on the structural properties was studied. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burkert, T (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM till.burkert@fysik.uu.se RI Ruban, Andrei/B-7457-2012; Simak, Sergei/C-3030-2014 OI Simak, Sergei/0000-0002-1320-389X NR 61 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134411 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800058 ER PT J AU Carrier, P Wei, SH Zhang, SB Kurtz, S AF Carrier, P Wei, SH Zhang, SB Kurtz, S TI Evolution of structural properties and formation of N-N split interstitials in GaAs1-xNx alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; V SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; NITROGEN INCORPORATION; GAASN ALLOYS AB Using first-principles total energy calculations, we have studied the structural properties of the large lattice mismatched GaAs1-xNx alloys. We first discuss the validity of Vegard's law, which assumes a linear variation of the alloy concentration with both the lattice constant and the volume. In the dilute-N limit, the calculated lattice constant coincides with Vegard's law for the lattice constant, but not for the volume variation. This deviation implies that using Vegard's law for the volume variation overestimates the N concentration. In the dilute-As limit, the calculated lattice constant is larger than that suggested by the Vegard's law for both the volume and the lattice constant, implying that using Vegard's law overestimates the As concentration. The calculated bulk moduli for GaAs1-xNx, however, show almost linear behavior in the two region, increase monotonically with N concentration. We have also studied the effect of the split interstitial defect (N-N)(spl), on the electronic and structural properties of the alloy. We find that the split interstitial is an amphoteric defect with (+/0) transition at 0.2 eV and (0/-) transition at 0.3 eV above the valence band maximum. The concentration of the split nitrogen interstitial [N-N] is relatively small compared to the substitutional nitrogen [N], but it would be large if the system could be grown at the As-rich limit and the sample were doped n-type. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165212 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100051 ER PT J AU Cox, DE Noheda, B Shirane, G AF Cox, DE Noheda, B Shirane, G TI Low-temperature phases in PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3: A neutron powder diffraction study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; SOLID-SOLUTION; MONOCLINIC PHASE; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; CERAMICS; PB(ZR(X)TI1-X)O-3; PEROVSKITE; SERIES; PZT AB A neutron powder diffraction study has been carried out on PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 in order to resolve an ongoing controversy about the nature of the low-temperature structure of this strongly piezoelectric and technologically important material. The results of a detailed and systematic Rietveld analysis at 20 K are consistent with the coexistence of two monoclinic phases having space groups Cm and Ic, respectively, in the approximate ratio 4:1, and thus support the findings of a recent electron diffraction study by Noheda [Phys. Rev. B 66, 060103 (2002)]. The results are compared to those of two recent conflicting neutron powder diffraction studies of materials of the same nominal composition by Hatch [Phys. Rev. B 65, 212101 (2002)] and Frantti [Phys. Rev. B 66, 064108 (2002)]. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134110 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800033 ER PT J AU Fong, DD Cionca, C Yacoby, Y Stephenson, GB Eastman, JA Fuoss, PH Streiffer, SK Thompson, C Clarke, R Pindak, R Stern, EA AF Fong, DD Cionca, C Yacoby, Y Stephenson, GB Eastman, JA Fuoss, PH Streiffer, SK Thompson, C Clarke, R Pindak, R Stern, EA TI Direct structural determination in ultrathin ferroelectric films by analysis of synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; PBTIO3; POLARIZATION; DIFFRACTION; TITANATE; FIELD AB In order to better understand ferroelectricity in thin films, it is important to explore the atomic-scale structure and the spatial distribution of polarization near the interfaces. We present sub-Angstrom-resolution electron density maps of three ultrathin PbTiO3 films grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 (001) substrates. The maps were obtained by analysis of synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements of Bragg rod intensities using the recently developed coherent Bragg rod analysis method. A four- and a nine-unit-cell-thick film were studied at room temperature, and a nine-unit-cell-thick film was studied at 181 degrees C. The results show that at room temperature, the PbTiO3 films are polar, monodomain, and have their polarization oriented away from the substrate. The four-unit-cell film may be the thinnest monodomain perovskite film found to be in the polar phase. At 181 degrees C, the electron density map of the nine-unit-cell film is consistent with the presence of 180 degrees stripe domains. In the monodomain samples, details of the atomic-scale structure of the PbTiO3/SrTiO3 interface are observed, which may provide evidence for the nature of the positive charge layer required to stabilize polarization in monodomain films. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fong, DD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fong@anl.gov RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009; Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; OI Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265; Thompson, Carol/0000-0003-3832-4855 NR 36 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144112 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700028 ER PT J AU Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL AF Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL TI Spin and orbital frustration in RInCu4 (R=Gd, Dy, Ho, and Er) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; VALENCE TRANSITION; DIFFRACTION; YBINCU4; NEUTRON; STATE AB Crystal structure, electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat were measured in RInCu4 with R=Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, and Lu. In these compounds the R ions form a fcc lattice, which is split into two sublattices, each forming a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra. Although the four compounds with magnetic R ions order antiferromagneticly at 5.5 (Gd), 1.4 (Dy), 0.75 (Ho), and 0.41 K (Er), they reveal surprisingly high Weiss temperatures and exhibit strong signs of geometrical frustration. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fritsch, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Fritsch, Veronika/P-1352-2016 OI Fritsch, Veronika/0000-0002-6620-4554 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 132401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.132401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800007 ER PT J AU Goodner, DM Marasco, DL Escuadro, AA Cao, L Bedzyk, MJ AF Goodner, DM Marasco, DL Escuadro, AA Cao, L Bedzyk, MJ TI X-ray standing wave investigation of submonolayer barium and strontium surface phases on Si(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SI(100) SURFACE; BA ADSORPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; DIE KRISTALLSTRUKTUR; EPITAXIAL SRTIO3; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SR ADSORPTION; SILICON AB Submonolayer (2x1) Ba/Si(001) and (2x1) Sr/Si(001) surface phases have been studied with normal Si(004) and off-normal Si(022) x-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements. These results are compared to previous XSW measurements of a (2x3) phase of Sr on Si(001). The (004) and (022) coherent positions indicate that alkaline-earth metal (AEM) atoms occupy the same type of high symmetry site in the (2x1) Ba/Si(001), (2x1) Sr/Si(001), and (2x3) Sr/Si(001) surface phases. The difference between the AEM adatom heights measured for the (2x1) Ba/Si(001) and (2x1) Sr/Si(001) phases is consistent with the difference in the ionic radii of Ba and Sr. Consideration of the nearest neighbor AEM-Si bond lengths that would result from AEM atoms sitting on symmetrically dimerized Si(001) at the height specified by the Ba and Sr coherent positions strongly suggests that the AEM atoms occupy valley-bridge sites. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Goodner, DM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165426 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100112 ER PT J AU Goupalov, SV AF Goupalov, SV TI Chirality dependence of the Raman cross section of carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The chirality dependence for the cross section of Raman scattering from the radial breathing mode of carbon nanotubes observed in recent experiments [S. K. Doorn, D. A. Heller, P. W. Barone, M. L. Usrey, and M. S. Strano, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 78, 1147 (2004)] is explained using the empirical tight-binding method. It is shown that the transfer and overlap integrals usually neglected while accounting for the electron energy spectrum in carbon nanotubes play a crucial role in description of the exciton-phonon coupling. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Goupalov, SV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 153404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.153404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900028 ER PT J AU Graf, J Jozwiak, C Schmid, AK Hussain, Z Lanzara, A AF Graf, J Jozwiak, C Schmid, AK Hussain, Z Lanzara, A TI Mapping the spin-dependent electron reflectivity of Fe and Co ferromagnetic thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; ATTENUATION; SCATTERING; ANALYZER; FE(110); IRON AB Spin polarized low energy electron microscopy is used as a spin-dependent spectroscopic probe to study the spin-dependent specular reflection of a polarized electron beam from two different magnetic thin film systems: Fe/W(110) and Co/W(110). The reflectivity and spin-dependent exchange-scattering asymmetry are studied as a function of electron kinetic energy and film thickness, as well as the time dependence. The largest value of the figure of merit for spin polarimetry is observed for a five monolayer thick film of Co/W(110) at an electron kinetic energy of 2 eV. This value is 2 orders of magnitude higher than previously obtained with state of the art mini-Mott polarimeter. We discuss implications of our results for the development of an electron-spin-polarimeter using the exchange-interaction at low energy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Graf, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jeff.graf@a3.epfl.ch NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144429 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144429 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700067 ER PT J AU Guslienko, KY Scholz, W Chantrell, RW Novosad, V AF Guslienko, KY Scholz, W Chantrell, RW Novosad, V TI Vortex-state oscillations in soft magnetic cylindrical dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-DOMAIN; PERMALLOY; DISKS; MICROMAGNETICS; ANNIHILATION; NUCLEATION; MICROSCOPY; NANODISKS; VORTICES; ARRAYS AB We have studied magnetic vortex oscillations in soft submicron cylindrical dots with variable thickness and diameter by an analytical approach and micromagnetic simulations. We have considered two kinds of modes of the vortex magnetization oscillations: (1) low-frequency translation mode, corresponding to the movement of the vortex as a whole near its equilibrium position and (2) high-frequency vortex modes, which correspond to radially symmetric oscillations of the vortex magnetization, mainly outside the vortex core. The vortex translational eigenmode was calculated numerically in frequency and time domains for different dot aspect ratios. To describe the discrete set of vortex high-frequency modes we applied the linearized equation of motion of dynamic magnetization over the vortex ground state. We considered only radially symmetric magnetization oscillations modes. The eigenfrequencies of both kinds of the excitation modes are determined by magnetostatic interactions. They are proportional to the thickness/diameter ratio and lie in the GHz range for typical dot sizes. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Seagate Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RP Guslienko, KY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gusliyenko@anl.gov RI Scholz, Werner/F-2473-2013; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Chantrell, Roy/J-9898-2015; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 OI Chantrell, Roy/0000-0001-5410-5615; NR 36 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144407 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700045 ER PT J AU Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Shevchenko, VI Ivashchenko, LA Shramko, OA AF Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Shevchenko, VI Ivashchenko, LA Shramko, OA TI Simulations of pressure-induced phase transitions in amorphous Si(x)C(1-x) alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CHEMICAL ORDER; SILICON; SI; GE; TRANSFORMATION AB First-order phase transition in amorphous silicon (a-Si) and Si-rich silicon carbide (a-Si(x)C(1-x)) alloys is investigated with molecular dynamics simulations based on the Tersoff potential and the sp(3)s(star) tight-binding scheme. The amorphous alloys show a gradual transition to the metallic high-density amorphous phase at specific transition pressures. The transition becomes less sharp, and the transition pressure increases on going from a-Si to a-Si(0.5)C(0.5). In the case of a compression at 1000 K, the phase transitions are reversible for all compositions, with the exception of a-Si and a-Si(0.875)C(0.125) alloys. These phases undergo a reversible transition at temperatures higher than 1000 K. It follows from an analysis of the electronic localization that the high-density amorphous phases should be metallic. For a-Si, the transition pressure of 10.6 GPa determined from Gibbs free energy calculations is in good agreement with the experimental value of 10 GPa. C1 NAS Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ivashchenko, VI (reprint author), NAS Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, Krzhyzhanovsky St 3, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165209 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100048 ER PT J AU Joly, AG Chen, W McCready, DE Malm, JO Bovin, JO AF Joly, AG Chen, W McCready, DE Malm, JO Bovin, JO TI Upconversion luminescence of CdTe nanoparticles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANTI-STOKES PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; QUANTUM DOTS; IN-VIVO; NANOCRYSTALS; EXCITATION; SYSTEM; STATE AB Efficient upconversion luminescence is observed from CdTe nanoparticles in solution and precipitated as solids. In the solids, the upconversion luminescence spectrum is significantly red shifted relative to the photoluminescence spectrum, whereas in solution, there is very little spectral shift. The upconversion luminescence exhibits a near-quadratic laser power dependence, both at room temperature and at 10 K. Both the upconversion and photoluminescence show similar decay dynamics with the solid samples showing shorter lifetimes compared to the solutions. This lifetime shortening is attributed to surface-state quenching. These results indicate that two-photon excitation is the likely upconversion excitation mechanism in these particles and that phonon-populated trap states do not contribute to the upconversion. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Nomad Inc, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. Lund Univ, Ctr Chem & Chem Engn, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wchen@nomadics.com NR 41 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165304 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100056 ER PT J AU Kogan, VG Zhelezina, NV AF Kogan, VG Zhelezina, NV TI Field dependence of the vortex core size SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID S-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; TEMPERATURE; FILMS AB We show that the field dependence of the coherence length xi(H) calculated within the weak-coupling BCS theory for clean superconductors at low temperatures and high fields is qualitatively the same as the H dependence of the vortex core size rho(c) recorded experimentally in a number of superconductors with high Ginzburg-Landau parameter kappa. We argue that H dependencies of xi and rho(c) are weakened by scattering and temperature and disappear in the dirty limit and as T -> T-c. We find that the high-field slope d rho(c)/d(H-1/2) for clean materials at low T's is nearly material independent, and we provide an estimate of this nearly universal slope, the prediction supported by the data available. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kogan, VG (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134505 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800079 ER PT J AU Lages, J Sacramento, PD AF Lages, J Sacramento, PD TI Local density of states of a strongly type-II d-wave superconductor: The binary alloy model in a magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; QUASI-PARTICLES; VORTEX LATTICE; OF-STATES; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SYMMETRY; D(X2-Y2); LINES; CORES AB We calculate self-consistently the local density of states (LDOS) of a d-wave superconductor considering the scattering of the quasiparticles off randomly distributed impurities and off externally induced vortices. The impurities and the vortices are randomly distributed but the vortices are preferably located near the impurities. The increase of either the impurity repulsive potential or the impurity density only affects the density of states slightly. The dominant effect is due to the vortex scattering. The results for the LDOS agree qualitatively with experimental results considering that most vortices are pinned at the impurities. C1 Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Fis Interaccoes Fundamentais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. RP Lages, J (reprint author), Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5152, Phys Theor Lab, F-31062 Toulouse, France. EM lages@irsamc.ups-tise.fr; pdss@cfif.ist.utl.pt RI Sacramento, Pedro D/H-4272-2012; Lages, Jose/D-6660-2013 OI Sacramento, Pedro D/0000-0002-8276-6485; Lages, Jose/0000-0001-5965-8876 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 132501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.132501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800011 ER PT J AU Lake, B Tennant, DA Nagler, SE AF Lake, B Tennant, DA Nagler, SE TI Longitudinal magnetic dynamics and dimensional crossover in the quasi-one-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet KCuF3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHAIN COMPOUND KCUF3; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; EXCITATION CONTINUUM; EXCHANGE INTERACTION; ORDERED PHASE; FIELD; DIFFRACTION; SPECTRUM; CSNICL3; SPINONS AB The spin dynamics of coupled spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains is predicted to exhibit a longitudinal mode at low energies and temperatures below the Neel temperature. This mode is a dimensional crossover effect and reveals the presence of a limited amount of long-range antiferromagnetic order coexisting with quantum fluctuations. In this paper the existence of such a mode is confirmed in the model material KCuF3 using polarized and unpolarized inelastic neutron scattering, and the longitudinal polarization of the mode is definitively established. The line shape is broadened, suggesting a reduced lifetime due to decay into spin waves. In addition, the data show evidence of continuum scattering with a lower edge greater than the longitudinal mode energy. A detailed comparison is made with theoretical predictions and experimental work on other model materials. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Neutron Scattering, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Lake, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Nagler, Stephen/B-9403-2010; Nagler, Stephen/E-4908-2010; Tennant, David/Q-2497-2015; OI Nagler, Stephen/0000-0002-7234-2339; Tennant, David/0000-0002-9575-3368; Lake, Bella/0000-0003-0034-0964 NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134412 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800059 ER PT J AU Li, SX Yu, KM Wu, J Jones, RE Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Li, SX Yu, KM Wu, J Jones, RE Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ TI Fermi-level stabilization energy in group III nitrides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; INN; SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION; ALLOYS; SCATTERING; GROWTH AB Energetic particle irradiation is used to systematically introduce point defects into In1-xGaxN alloys over the entire composition range. Three types of energetic particles (electrons, protons, and He-4(+)) are used to produce a displacement damage dose spanning five decades. In InN and In-rich InGaN the free electron concentration increases with increasing irradiation dose but saturates at a sufficiently high dose. The saturation is due to Fermi level pinning at the Fermi stabilization energy (E-FS), which is located at 4.9 eV below the vacuum level. Electrochemical capacitance-voltage (ECV) measurements show that the pinning of the surface Fermi energy at E-FS is also responsible for the surface electron accumulation in as-grown InN and In-rich InGaN alloys. The results are in agreement with the amphoteric defect model that predicts that the same type of native defects are responsible for the Fermi level pinning in both cases. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, SX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 24 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 5 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 161201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.161201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100003 ER PT J AU Lim, D Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Jia, QX Ahn, KH Graf, MJ Trugman, SA Taylor, AJ AF Lim, D Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Jia, QX Ahn, KH Graf, MJ Trugman, SA Taylor, AJ TI Coherent optical and acoustic phonon generation correlated with the charge-ordering phase transition in La1-xCaxMnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; EXCITATIONS; MANGANITES; SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLE AB We have observed coherent optical and acoustic phonon generation, which are strongly coupled to the charge-ordering (CO) transition in La1-xCaxMnO3 (x=0.5, 0.58) using femtosecond optical pump-probe spectroscopy. Coherent optical phonons, observed at low temperatures, disappear above the charge-ordering temperature T-CO, while coherent acoustic phonons display the opposite behavior, disappearing gradually below T-CO. Coherent optical phonons are generated by the displacive excitation mechanism where their coupling to the photoexcited charge carriers is enhanced by the structural change corresponding to the CO phase transition. The oscillation frequency for the coherent acoustic phonon depends on the probe wavelength, which is consistent with the propagating strain pulse mechanism. The dramatic change of lattice constants across the charge-ordering transition explains the overall temperature dependence of the coherent acoustic phonon amplitude. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lim, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Thorsmolle, Verner/M-1095-2015 OI Thorsmolle, Verner/0000-0002-5890-4403 NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134403 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800050 ER PT J AU Long, GJ Hermann, RP Grandjean, F Alp, EE Sturhahn, W Johnson, CE Brown, DE Leupold, O Ruffer, R AF Long, GJ Hermann, RP Grandjean, F Alp, EE Sturhahn, W Johnson, CE Brown, DE Leupold, O Ruffer, R TI Strongly decoupled europium and iron vibrational modes in filled skutterudites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SCATTERING; ANTIMONIDES; TRANSPORT; HEAT AB The europium partial vibrational density of states (DOS) in EuFe4Sb12 and the iron partial vibrational DOS in both EuFe4Sb12 and (CeFe4Sb12)-Fe-57 have been obtained by nuclear inelastic scattering. The results reveal the strong independence of the iron and rare-earth vibrational modes. The cage filling europium only participates significantly to the low-energy local vibrational modes. The force constants have been obtained from the measured probability of nuclear absorption. The energies of the peaks in the europium and iron DOS are in excellent agreement with the calculated DOS in LaFe4Sb12. The results indicate that nuclear inelastic scattering is the technique of choice for the study of the localized vibrational modes in thermoelectric "phonon glass" materials. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Univ Liege, Dept Phys, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP Long, GJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RI Hermann, Raphael/F-6257-2013 OI Hermann, Raphael/0000-0002-6138-5624 NR 25 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 140302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.140302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700003 ER PT J AU Macridin, A Jarrell, M Maier, T Sawatzky, GA AF Macridin, A Jarrell, M Maier, T Sawatzky, GA TI Physics of cuprates with the two-band Hubbard model: The validity of the one-band Hubbard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; INSULATING COPPER-OXIDE; DYNAMICAL MEAN-FIELD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SR2CUO2CL2; SYSTEMS; PLANES; PHOTOEMISSION; LA2-XBAXCUO4; DIMENSIONS AB We calculate the properties of the two-band Hubbard model using the dynamical cluster approximation. The phase diagram resembles the generic phase diagram of the cuprates, showing a strong asymmetry with respect to electron- and hole-doped regimes, in agreement with experiment. Asymmetric features are also seen in one-particle spectral functions and in the charge, spin, and d-wave pairing-susceptibility functions. We address the possible reduction of the two-band model to a low-energy single-band one, as it was suggested by Zhang and Rice. Comparing the two-band Hubbard model properties with the single-band Hubbard model ones, we have found similar low-energy physics provided that the next-nearest-neighbor hopping term t(') has a significant value (t(')/t approximate to 0.3). The parameter t(') is the main culprit for the electron-hole asymmetry. However, a significant value of t(') cannot be provided in a strict Zhang and Rice [Phys. Rev. B 37, R3759 (1988); 41, 7243 (1990)] picture where the extra holes added into the system bind to the existing Cu holes forming local singlets. We note that by considering approximate singlet states, such as plaquette states, reasonable values of t('), which capture qualitatively the physics of the two-band model, can be obtained. We conclude that a single-band t-t(')-U Hubbard model captures the basic physics of the cuprates concerning superconductivity, antiferromagnetism, pseudogap, and electron-hole asymmetry, but is not suitable for a quantitative analysis or to describe physical properties involving energy scales larger than about 0.5 eV. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Macridin, A (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Sawatzky, George/D-2997-2012; Maier, Thomas/F-6759-2012 OI Maier, Thomas/0000-0002-1424-9996 NR 48 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134527 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134527 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800101 ER PT J AU Martin, I Mozyrsky, D AF Martin, I Mozyrsky, D TI Charge dynamics and Kondo effect in single-electron traps in field-effect transistors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENCE SYSTEMS; NOISE; MODEL; INTERFACE; DEVICES AB We study magnetoelectric properties of single-electron traps in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. Using a microscopic description of the system based on the single-site Anderson-Holstein model, we derive an effective low-energy action for the system. The behavior of the system is characterized by simultaneous polaron tunneling (corresponding to the charging and discharging of the trap) and Kondo screening of the trap spin in the singly occupied state. Hence, the obtained state of the system is a hybrid between the Kondo regime, typically associated with single-electron occupancy, and the mixed-valence regime, associated with large charge fluctuations. In the presence of a strong magnetic field, we demonstrate that the system is equivalent to a two-level system coupled to an ohmic bath, with a bias controlled by the applied magnetic field. Due to the Kondo screening, the effect of the magnetic field is significantly suppressed in the singly occupied state. We claim that this suppression can be responsible for the experimentally observed anomalous magnetic-field dependence of the average trap occupancy in Si-SiO2 field effect transistors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Martin, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165115 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100033 ER PT J AU Militzer, B Pollock, EL AF Militzer, B Pollock, EL TI Equilibrium contact probabilities in dense plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA; NUCLEAR-REACTION RATES; MONTE-CARLO; PYCNONUCLEAR REACTIONS; STELLAR MATTER; ENHANCEMENT; PAIR; SIMULATION AB Nuclear reaction rates in plasmas depend on the overlap (contact) probability of the reacting ions. Path-integral Monte Carlo calculations are used here to determine these contact probabilities, g(0), for one-component plasma (OCP) with emphasis on many-body quantum effects which can lead to order of magnitude changes. An intuitive explanation for these effects is presented. The small r behavior of g(r) for quantum systems and the relation to free energies is then derived and compared to the path-integral results. Going beyond the uniform background approximation, electron screening effects and the limits of the "constant energy shift" approximation are discussed. Thermodynamic properties for the quantum OCP are analyzed in a final section. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Militzer, B (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134303 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800045 ER PT J AU Moghadam, NY Stocks, GM AF Moghadam, NY Stocks, GM TI Magnetic structure of Ni-rich Ni1-xTax and permalloy-Ta alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL-APPROXIMATION; INHOMOGENEOUS ELECTRON-GAS; CU-NI; ENERGY; SYSTEMS AB Tantalum is used in magnetic devices as a buffer layer. However, Ta has deleterious effects on the magnetic properties. We study the magnetic structure of Ni-rich Ni1-xTax alloys using the Korrianga-Kohn-Rostoker Coherent-potential approximation (KKR-CPA) method. We show that the average magnetic moment vanishes at similar to 12%Ta. The magnetism is shown to be Stoner-like. We also study the magnetic structure of Ta impurities embedded in pure Ni using supercell models. We find that the impurity atom suppresses the moment on neighboring Ni atoms. Finally, we study the effects of Ta additions on moment formation in permalloy (Ni0.8Fe0.2 solid solutions) using the KKR-CPA method. It is shown that the average moment vanishes at similar to 45% Ta. The effects of Ta on the local moments are also investigated. These calculations are performed using the order-N locally self-consistent multiple-scattering method. C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moghadam, NY (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134421 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800068 ER PT J AU Moreno, NO Lobos, A Aligia, AA Bauer, ED Bobev, S Fritsch, V Sarrao, JL Pagliuso, PG Thompson, JD Batista, CD Fisk, Z AF Moreno, NO Lobos, A Aligia, AA Bauer, ED Bobev, S Fritsch, V Sarrao, JL Pagliuso, PG Thompson, JD Batista, CD Fisk, Z TI Crystal-field effects in the mixed-valence compounds Yb2M3Ga9 (M=Rh,Ir) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COQBLIN-SCHRIEFFER MODEL; INTERMEDIATE VALENCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; STATE PROPERTIES; IR; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; RH; GD AB Magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity measurements have been carried out on single crystals of the intermediate valence compounds Yb2Rh3Ga9 and Yb2Ir3Ga9. These measurements reveal a large anisotropy due apparently to an interplay between crystalline electric field (CEF) and Kondo effects. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility can be modelled using the Anderson impurity model including CEF within an approach based on the non-crossing approximation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Moreno, NO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016; Fritsch, Veronika/P-1352-2016 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; Fritsch, Veronika/0000-0002-6620-4554 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165107 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100025 ER PT J AU Nazaretski, E Merithew, RD Pohl, RO Parpia, JM AF Nazaretski, E Merithew, RD Pohl, RO Parpia, JM TI Measurement of the acoustic properties of amorphous silica above 4.5 mK SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; TUNNELING MODEL; VITREOUS SILICA; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; HEAT; GLASSES; SOLIDS; EXCITATIONS; RELAXATION AB Measurements of speed of sound and internal friction of a-SiO2 were extended down to approximate to 4 mK (sample temperature) in a cryostat shielded with lead against gamma radiation. We conclude that the sample starts to thermally decouple below 8 mK primarily due to internal heat release. Down to 10 mK, the speed of sound is shown to be compatible with the predictions of the tunneling model, with no evidence seen for a low energy cut-off of the tunnel splitting, contrary to our earlier claims. C1 Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nazaretski, E (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144201 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700031 ER PT J AU Nazaretski, E Lee, DM Parpia, JM AF Nazaretski, E Lee, DM Parpia, JM TI Superfluid density of He-3 in 98% aerogel in small magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID B-PHASE; A-LIKE; ACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY; FRACTION; ENERGY AB We performed low-frequency sound measurements on He-3 in 98% aerogel in a magnetic field that was varied between 0 and 2130 G at a fixed pressure of 27.9 bar. We monitor the frequency of the second sound like (slow) mode, which is the manifestation of superfluidity of He-3 in the presence of correlated disorder, and use its temperature dependence to calculate the superfluid fraction rho(s)/rho. We observed no field dependence of the rho(s)(T)/rho, other than an increase in the temperature range where the A-like (A*) phase is metastable. Both the A* and B phases have a smaller rho(s)(T)/rho than that of bulk He-3, and the ratio rho(A*)(s)/rho(B)(s) is approximate to 0.5 over the whole temperature range. The A* phase does not reappear on warming from the B phase until a field in excess of 1270 Gauss is applied. C1 Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nazaretski, E (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144506 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700075 ER PT J AU Pan, W Reno, JL Simmons, JA AF Pan, W Reno, JL Simmons, JA TI Hysteresis in the quantum Hall regimes in electron double quantum well structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER; SYSTEMS; PHASE; LIMIT; DRAG AB We present here experimental results on magnetotransport coefficients in electron double quantum well (DQW) structures. Consistent with previous studies, transport hysteresis is is observed in the electron DQWs. Furthermore, in our gated DQW samples, by varying the top layer Landau level filling (nu(top)) while maintaining a relatively constant filling factor in the bottom layer (nu(bot)), we are able to explain the sign of R-xx(up)-R-xx(down), where R-xx(up) is the magnetoresistance when the gate voltage V-g is swept up and R-xx(down) when V-g is swept down. Interestingly, at small magnetic fields hysteresis is generally stronger when the top quantum well is in the even integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) regime (e.g., nu(top)=2) than in the odd IQHE regime (e.g, nu(top)=1). While at higher B fields, the hysteresis at nu(top)=1 becomes the strongest. The switching occurs around the B field at nu(bot)=3. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pan, W (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 153307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.153307 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900015 ER PT J AU Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA AF Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA TI Elastic and inelastic deformations of ethylene-passivated tenfold decagonal Al-Ni-Co quasicrystal surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; FRICTION; CONTACT; ADHESION; WEAR; MICA AB The adhesion and friction force properties between a tenfold Al-Ni-Co decagonal quasicrystal and a titanium nitride (TiN)-coated tip were investigated using an atomic force microscope in ultrahigh vacuum. To suppress the strong chemical adhesion found in the clean quasicrystal surfaces, the sample was exposed to ethylene that formed a protective passivating layer. We show that the deformation mechanism of the tip-substrate junction changes from elastic to inelastic at a threshold pressure of 3.8 to 4.0 GPa. Images of the indentation marks left above the threshold pressure indicate the absence of new steps, and indicate that surface damage is not accompanied by formation of slippage planes or dislocations, as found in plastically deforming crystalline materials. This is consistent with the lack of translational periodicity of quasicrystals. The work of adhesion in the inelastic regime is five times larger than in the elastic one, plausibly as a result of the displacement of the passivating layer. In the elastic regime, the friction dependence on load is accurately described by the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) model, consistent with the high hardness of both the TiN tip and the quasicrystal sample. Above the threshold pressure, the friction versus load curve deviates from the DMT model, indicating that chemical bond formation and rupture contribute to the energy dissipation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM salmeron@stm.lbl.gov RI Park, Jeong Young/A-2999-2008; Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; NR 32 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144203 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700033 ER PT J AU Passian, A Lereu, AL Wig, A Meriaudeau, F Thundat, T Ferrell, TL AF Passian, A Lereu, AL Wig, A Meriaudeau, F Thundat, T Ferrell, TL TI Imaging standing surface plasmons by photon tunneling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERFERENCE; MICROSCOPY; EXCITATION AB We present a direct method for optically exciting and imaging delocalized standing surface plasmons in thin metal films. We show theoretically that when imaging the field of the plasmons with a photon scanning tunneling microscope, the presence of the dielectric probe has a negligible effect on the surface modes of the metal film. We demonstrate that plasmon interference can be sustained in arbitrarily large regions of the metal film in comparison to the excitation wavelength. This knowledge can be important when seeking the relative distance between two scattering centers such as the presence of micron or submicron structures. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Bourgogne, Dept Phys, F-21011 Dijon, France. Univ Bourgogne, IUT Creusot, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. RP Passian, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM passianan@ornl.gov RI Lereu, Aude/P-6414-2016 OI Lereu, Aude/0000-0001-7390-7832 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165418 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165418 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100104 ER PT J AU Prasad, R Benedek, R Thackeray, MM AF Prasad, R Benedek, R Thackeray, MM TI Dopant-induced stabilization of rhombohedral LiMnO2 against Jahn-Teller distortion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RANGE MAGNETIC ORDER; CATHODE MATERIALS; MANGANESE OXIDES; AB-INITIO; INSERTION MATERIAL; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE-STABILITY; LAYERED LIMNO2; SPINEL AB Dopants introduced into layered LiMnO2, a candidate cathode material for lithium batteries, tend to suppress the Jahn-Teller-effect-driven monoclinic distortion (symmetry C2/m) in favor of the layered rhombohedral structure (R(3) over bar m), which has superior Li insertion/extraction cycling properties. First-principles calculations, within the Local-Spin-Density-Approximation Generalized-Gradient-Approximation (LSDA-GGA) framework, implemented in the VASP code, are performed for 3d transition-metal, as well as Mg, Zn, Al, and N dopants, in order to assess their relative effectiveness in stabilizing the R(3) over bar m symmetry. At the concentration x=0.25, the selected cation dopants (with the exception of Co and Fe) are found to adopt the same oxidation state (divalent or trivalent) in both monoclinic and rhombohedral structures. Transition metals earlier than Fe are trivalent, whereas those later than Co are divalent. Co in monoclinic LiMnO2 exhibits (stable) trivalent and (metastable) divalent states that are only narrowly different in energy. Fe is trivalent in the monoclinic structure, but is mixed valent in the rhombohedral structure. Divalent dopants (which oxidize a neighboring Mn to the [non-Jahn-Teller-active] 4+ oxidation state) promote rhombohedral structure stabilization to a greater extent than trivalent dopants. Within the class of divalent dopants, the filled shell systems Mg and Zn are more effective than those with partially filled e(g) shells. Within the class of trivalent dopants, those with partially filled t(2g) shells are more effective than those with filled or empty shells. Breathing mode (Q(1)) and Jahn-Teller active (Q(2), Q(3)) phonon coordinates of transition metal octahedra are analyzed. C1 Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Prasad, R (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 49 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 134111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.134111 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800034 ER PT J AU Tretiakov, OA Matveev, KA AF Tretiakov, OA Matveev, KA TI Stochastic current switching in bistable resonant tunneling systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BARRIER HETEROSTRUCTURES; GAAS-ALAS SUPERLATTICES; INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; CHARGE BUILDUP; FALSE VACUUM; FLUCTUATIONS; DIODE; NOISE; FIELD; FATE AB Current-voltage characteristics of resonant-tunneling structures often exhibit intrinsic bistabilities. In the bistable region of the I-V curve one of the two current states is metastable. The system switches from the metastable state to the stable one at a random moment in time. The mean switching time tau depends exponentially on the bias measured from the boundary of the bistable region V-th. We find full expressions for tau (including prefactors) as functions of bias, sample geometry, and in-plane conductivity. Our results take universal form upon appropriate renormalization of the threshold voltage V-th. We also show that in large samples the switching initiates inside, at the edge, or at a corner of the sample depending on the parameters of the system. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tretiakov, OA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI Tretiakov, Oleg/A-2795-2009 OI Tretiakov, Oleg/0000-0001-7283-6884 NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165326 PG 20 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100078 ER PT J AU Unal, B Lograsso, TA Ross, A Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA AF Unal, B Lograsso, TA Ross, A Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA TI Terrace selection during equilibration at an icosahedral quasicrystal surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AL-PD-MN; ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FIVEFOLD SURFACE; 5-FOLD SURFACE; AL70PD21MN9; ALPDMN; METALS; TEMPERATURE; FRICTION AB We investigate the equilibration of a fivefold surface of the icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal at 900-915 and 925-950 K, using scanning tunneling microscopy. After annealing at the lower temperatures, there is a high density of shallow voids on some terraces but not on others; at 925-950 K, the void-rich terraces are much rarer. The terminations that are consumed by voids exhibit a distinctive local atomic configuration, called a "ring" by previous authors. Apparently, through growth and coalescence of the voids, a different termination becomes exposed on the host terraces, which also leads to a change in step heights at the edges of the terraces. We suggest that the shallow steps associated with the voids, and the ring configuration, signal a surface that is in an intermediate stage of structural equilibration. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM thiel@ameslab.gov NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 165411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165411 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100097 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Fuhrer, MS Zettl, A Nagashima, S Oka, K Nishihara, Y AF Wang, YM Fuhrer, MS Zettl, A Nagashima, S Oka, K Nishihara, Y TI Bulk vortex matter in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta using Corbinol disk contacts SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; MELTING TRANSITION; SURFACE BARRIERS; LATTICE AB We have studied bulk vortex properties in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (BSCCO) using transport measurements with a unique Corbino disk contact geometry. This Corbino disk contact geometry allows us to measure true bulk vortex properties free from surface barrier effects. The investigated vortex properties include current-induced vortex dissipation in the vortex liquid and vortex solid phases, vortex matter phase transition (vortex lattice melting transition), and vortex correlation along the c axis of BSCCO. No discrepancy is found between our measurements and others measurements using the conventional four-probe contact geometry, which renders vortex transport properties susceptible to the Bean-Livingston surface barrier effect. We conclude that the sample bulk vortex matter properties determine the vortex transport behaviors in BSCCO. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Fuhrer, Michael/E-7634-2010; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Fuhrer, Michael/0000-0001-6183-2773; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 132507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.132507 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800017 ER PT J AU Wei, SH Gong, XG Dalpian, GM Wei, SH AF Wei, SH Gong, XG Dalpian, GM Wei, SH TI First-principles study of Mn-induced local magnetic moments in host semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; III-V; FERROMAGNETISM; ENERGY AB Using the first-principles method, we calculate the atom and angular momentum resolved local moments in diluted GaMnAs, GaMnN, and CdMnTe. We show that the local moments are correlated with magnetic stability and can be explained by the occupation and hybridization of the host states with the Mn 3d states in both spin channels. We also show that the splitting of the localized core orbitals follow the sign of the local magnetic moments, but for the delocalized valence states the splitting is determined by hybridization with Mn states. We propose that spin-polarized photoemission measurement of the shallow core states could be used to measure the local moments of the host elements. C1 Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wei, SH (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RI Dalpian, Gustavo/B-9746-2008; gong, xingao /B-1337-2010; Wei, Shi-Hao/L-6266-2013; gong, xingao/D-6532-2011 OI Dalpian, Gustavo/0000-0001-5561-354X; NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 14 AR 144409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.144409 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921IV UT WOS:000228758700047 ER PT J AU Wu, D Keavney, DJ Wu, R Johnston-Halperin, E Awschalom, DD Shi, J AF Wu, D Keavney, DJ Wu, R Johnston-Halperin, E Awschalom, DD Shi, J TI Concentration-independent local ferromagnetic Mn configuration in Ga1-xMnxAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CURIE-TEMPERATURE; SURFACES AB A systematic Mn L-edge x-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism study is carried out on Ga1-xMnxAs ferromagnetic semiconductors with x ranging from 0.021 to 0.081. The dichroism lineshape of the L-3 peak is found to be independent of x, indicating an identical average local ferromagnetic Mn configuration across the Mn concentration range and the absence of significant second ferromagnetic phase formation. Further first-principles calculations suggest that the single-peak spectroscopic features stem from the presence of a significant amount of dimers composed of substitutional Mn coupled with interstitial Mn. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Wu, D (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RI Wu, Ruqian/C-1395-2013; Johnston-Halperin, Ezekiel/B-5902-2012 OI Wu, Ruqian/0000-0002-6156-7874; NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 153310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.153310 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900018 ER PT J AU Yoon, M Berber, S Tomanek, D AF Yoon, M Berber, S Tomanek, D TI Energetics and packing of fullerenes in nanotube peapods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENCAPSULATED C-60; HIGH-PRESSURE; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; CLUSTERS; CRYSTALS; RAMAN AB We use structure-optimization techniques to study the equilibrium packing of fullerenes in carbon nanotube peapods. Our results for nanotubes containing C-n fullerenes with 60 <= n <= 84 atoms indicate that the fullerenes are more densely packed in the nanotubes than in the bulk crystal, in agreement with experimental data. We find that the reduction of the interfullerene distance, as well as a structural relaxation of fullerenes and nanotubes, results from a high internal pressure within the peapods, suggesting the use of nanotubes as nanoscale autoclaves for chemical reactions. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tomanek, David/B-3275-2009; Yoon, Mina/A-1965-2016 OI Tomanek, David/0000-0003-1131-4788; Yoon, Mina/0000-0002-1317-3301 NR 33 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 155406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.155406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900101 ER PT J AU Yoon, S Geisz, JF Han, SH Mascarenhas, A Rubhausen, M Schulz, B AF Yoon, S Geisz, JF Han, SH Mascarenhas, A Rubhausen, M Schulz, B TI Resonant Raman scattering spectroscopy of GaP1-xNx and GaAs1-xNx in the ultraviolet range SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BAND-GAP; DEPENDENCE; EVOLUTION; ALLOYS AB We report resonant Raman scattering studies of GaP1-xNx and GaAs1-xNx in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral range. For both materials, strong intensity resonances and their rapid degradation near the respective E-1 transition energies exhibited for the zone-center longitudinal optical phonons provide direct evidence that the L-point conduction-band edges of GaP1-xNx and GaAs1-xNx are strongly perturbed by nitrogen impurities. We also show that UV resonant Raman scattering is a powerful means to study higher lying conduction-band electronic states of semiconductor alloys. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Angew Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. RP Yoon, S (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Div Nano Sci, Seoul 120750, South Korea. RI Han, Sung-Ho/B-7678-2008 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 155208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.155208 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900059 ER PT J AU Zhang, PH Capaz, RB Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Zhang, PH Capaz, RB Cohen, ML Louie, SG TI Theory of sodium ordering in NaxCoO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-GAS; SYSTEMS; COO2 AB The ordering of Na ions in NaxCoO2 is investigated systematically by combining detailed density functional theory (DFT) studies with model calculations. Various ground state ordering patterns are identified, and they are in excellent agreement with available experimental results. Our results suggest that the primary driving force for the Na ordering is the screened Coulomb interaction among Na ions. Possible effects of the Na ordering on the electronic structure of the CoO2 layer are discussed. We propose that the nonexistence of a charge ordered insulating state at x=2/3 is due to the lack of a commensurate Na ordering pattern, whereas an extremely stable Na ordering at x=0.5 enhances the charge ordering tendency, resulting in an insulating state as observed experimentally. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zhang, Peihong/D-2787-2012; B, Rodrigo/N-7595-2014 NR 24 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 153102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.153102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900002 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Wang, LW AF Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Wang, LW TI Similar and dissimilar aspects of III-V semiconductors containing Bi versus N SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; BAND-GAP; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ALLOYS; NITROGEN; GAAS1-XNX AB We show through band structure calculations that III-V-Bi alloys, emerging as a new class of semiconductor materials, differ nontrivially from their counterparts III-V-N alloys which have been intensively studied in the past decade. For a prototype system, GaAs(1-x)Bi(x) with a small amount of Bi, a large band gap reduction, due to the shift of the perturbed host band edges, resembles the effect of N incorporation in GaAs, but GaAs(1-x)Bi(x) exhibits a number of striking differences from GaAs(1-x)N(x): (1) Bi generates a resonant impurity state in the valence band as a strongly perturbed host state, while N produces a resonant impurity state additional to the host states in the conduction band; (2) Under pressure, the Bi impurity state sinks further into the valence band, while the N impurity state emerges as a bound state; (3) the spin-orbit splitting increases superlinearly with increasing Bi amount, while it decreases sublinearly with increasing N amount. Qualitative conclusions for III-V-Bi are generally applicable for other isoelectronic donors in semiconductors. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yong_zhang@nrel.gov NR 29 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 15 AR 155201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.155201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KJ UT WOS:000228762900052 ER PT J AU Zhao, YJ Zunger, A AF Zhao, YJ Zunger, A TI Zinc-blende half-metallic ferromagnets are rarely stabilized by coherent epitaxy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TOTAL-ENERGY; CRAS; MNAS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SOLIDS; GROWTH; GAAS AB The need for spin-injectors having the same zinc-blende-type crystal structure as conventional semiconductor substrates has created significant interests in theoretical predictions of possible metastable "half-metallic" zinc-blende ferromagnets, which are normally more stable in other structure-types, e.g., NiAs. Such predictions were based in the past on differences Delta(bulk) in the total energies of the respective bulk crystal forms (zinc blende and NiAs). We show here that the appropriate criterion is comparing difference Delta(epi)(a(s)) in epitaxial total energies. This reveals that even if Delta(bulk) is small, still for MnAs, CrSb, CrAs, CrTe, Delta(epi)(a(s))>0 for all substrate lattice constant a(s), so the zinc-blende phase is not stabilized. For CrS we find Delta(epi)(a(s))< 0, but the system is antiferromagnetic, thus not half-metallic. Finally, zinc-blende CrSe is predicted to be epitaxially stable for a(s)>6.2 A and is half metallic. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhao, YJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zhao, Yu-Jun/A-1219-2011; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Zhao, Yu-Jun/0000-0002-6923-1099; NR 44 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 13 AR 132403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.132403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921JZ UT WOS:000228761800009 ER PT J AU Zhou, SY Gweon, GH Spataru, CD Graf, J Lee, DH Louie, SG Lanzara, A AF Zhou, SY Gweon, GH Spataru, CD Graf, J Lee, DH Louie, SG Lanzara, A TI Coexistence of sharp quasiparticle dispersions and disorder features in graphite SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BAND-STRUCTURE; FERMI-SURFACE AB Angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) on azimuthally disordered graphite demonstrates that sharp quasiparticle dispersions along the radial direction can coexist with a complete lack of dispersion along the azimuthal direction. This paradoxical coexistence can be explained in terms of van Hove singularities in the angular density of states. In addition, nondispersive features at the energies of band maxima and saddle points are observed and possible explanations are discussed. This work opens a possibility of studying the electronic structure of layered materials using ARPES even when large single crystals are difficult to obtain. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhou, SY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zhou, Shuyun/A-5750-2009 NR 17 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 16 AR 161403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.161403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 921KL UT WOS:000228763100017 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Noriega, ML Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Noriega, ML Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; ANISOTROPIC TRANSVERSE FLOW; TWISS CORRELATION-FUNCTION; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; 2-PION CORRELATIONS; PB COLLISIONS; ENERGY AB We present a systematic analysis of two-pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV using the STAR detector at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. We extract the Hanbury-Brown and Twiss radii and study their multiplicity, transverse momentum, and azimuthal angle dependence. The Gaussianness of the correlation function is studied. Estimates of the geometrical and dynamical structure of the freeze-out source are extracted by fits with blast-wave parametrizations. The expansion of the source and its relation with the initial energy density distribution is studied. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; NR 65 TC 219 Z9 222 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044906 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600064 ER PT J AU Bratkovskaya, EL Cassing, W Stocker, H Xu, N AF Bratkovskaya, EL Cassing, W Stocker, H Xu, N TI Collective flow of open and hidden charm in Au+Au collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STATISTICAL COALESCENCE MODEL; ENERGY NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PLUS PB COLLISIONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; J/PSI PRODUCTION; PARTON CASCADE; FREEZE-OUT; SUPPRESSION; MATTER AB We study the collective flow of open charm mesons and charmonia in Au+Au collisions at root s=200 GeV within the hadron-string-dynamics (HSD) transport approach. The detailed studies show that the coupling of D,(D) over bar mesons to the light hadrons leads to comparable directed and elliptic flow as for the light mesons. This also holds approximately for J/Psi mesons since more than 50% of the final charmonia for central and midcentral collisions stem from D+(D) over bar induced reactions in the transport calculations. The transverse momentum spectra of D,(D) over bar mesons and J/Psi's are only very moderately changed by the (pre-)hadronic interactions in HSD, which can be traced back to the collective flow generated by elastic interactions with the light hadrons. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Giessen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. RI Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013 OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664 NR 50 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044901 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600059 ER PT J AU Chen, JW Ji, XD Li, YC AF Chen, JW Ji, XD Li, YC TI Deuteron Compton scattering in effective field theory: Spin-dependent cross sections and asymmetries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; RANGE INTERACTIONS; NUCLEAR-FORCES; POLARIZABILITIES; RENORMALIZATION AB Polarized Compton scattering on the deuteron is studied in nuclear effective field theory. A set of tensor structures is introduced to define 12 independent Compton amplitudes. The scalar and vector amplitudes are calculated up to next-to-next-to-leading order in low-energy power counting. Significant contribution to the vector amplitudes is found to come from the spin-orbit type of relativistic corrections. A double-helicity-dependent cross section Delta(1)d sigma/d Omega=(d sigma(+1-1)-d sigma(+1+1))/2d Omega is calculated to the same order, and the effect of the nucleon isoscalar spin-dependent polarizabilities is found to be smaller than the effect of isoscalar spin-independent ones. Contributions of spin-independent polarizabilities are investigated in various asymmetries, one of which has an effect as large as 12% (26%) at the center-of-mass photon energy 30 (50) MeV. C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Chen, JW (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM jwc@phys.ntu.edu.tw; xji@physics.umd.edu; yli@physics.umd.edu RI Li, Yingchuan/G-1327-2011 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044321 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044321 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600036 ER PT J AU Dinca, DC Janssens, RVF Gade, A Bazin, D Broda, R Brown, BA Campbell, CM Carpenter, MP Chowdhury, P Cook, JM Deacon, AN Fornal, B Freeman, SJ Glasmacher, T Honma, M Kondev, FG Lecouey, JL Liddick, SN Mantica, PF Mueller, WF Olliver, H Otsuka, T Terry, JR Tomlin, BA Yoneda, K AF Dinca, DC Janssens, RVF Gade, A Bazin, D Broda, R Brown, BA Campbell, CM Carpenter, MP Chowdhury, P Cook, JM Deacon, AN Fornal, B Freeman, SJ Glasmacher, T Honma, M Kondev, FG Lecouey, JL Liddick, SN Mantica, PF Mueller, WF Olliver, H Otsuka, T Terry, JR Tomlin, BA Yoneda, K TI Reduced transition probabilities to the first 2(+) state in Ti-52,Ti-54,Ti-56 and development of shell closures at N=32,34 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COULOMB-EXCITATION; MASS FORMULA; NEUTRON DRIP; NUCLEI; LINE AB The even Ti52-56 isotopes have been studied with intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation and absolute B(E2;0(+)-> 2(1)(+)) transition rates have been obtained. These data confirm the presence of a subshell closure at neutron number N=32 in neutron-rich nuclei above the doubly magic nucleus Ca-48 and provide no direct evidence for the predicted N=34 closure. Large-scale shell model calculations with the most recent effective interactions are unable to reproduce the magnitude of the measured strengths in the semimagic Ti nuclei and their strong variation with neutron number. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Aizu, Ctr Math Sci, Fukushima 9658580, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Dinca, DC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014; Gade, Alexandra/A-6850-2008; Glasmacher, Thomas/C-4462-2008; Campbell, Christopher/B-9429-2008; Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; OTSUKA, TAKAHARU/G-5072-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448; Gade, Alexandra/0000-0001-8825-0976; Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 31 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.041302 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600003 ER PT J AU Dracoulis, GD Lane, GJ Kondev, FG Byrne, AP Kibedi, T Watanabe, H Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Freeman, SJ Janssens, RVF Hammond, NJ Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Mukherjee, G Seweryniak, D Chowdhury, P Tandel, SK AF Dracoulis, GD Lane, GJ Kondev, FG Byrne, AP Kibedi, T Watanabe, H Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Freeman, SJ Janssens, RVF Hammond, NJ Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Mukherjee, G Seweryniak, D Chowdhury, P Tandel, SK TI Structure of two-, four-, and six-quasiparticle isomers in Yb-174 and K-forbidden decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MULTI-QUASI-PARTICLE; EVEN DEFORMED-NUCLEI; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; HEAVY-NUCLEI; STATES; BANDS; TRANSITIONS; REGION; YRAST; SPIN AB The stable nucleus Yb-174 has been studied using deep-inelastic reactions and time-correlated gamma-ray spectroscopy. New intrinsic states assigned include a 370-ns isomer at 1765 keV, which we associate with a predicted K-pi=7(-) two-quasineutron configuration. Analysis of the alignment and in-band properties of its rotational band, identified using time-correlated coincidences, allows characterization of the configuration. The properties of a newly identified rotational band built on the known 830-mu s isomer at 1518 keV support the 6(+), 2-quasineutron configuration assignment proposed previously. The 6(+) band is fed by a four-quasiparticle, K-pi=14(+) isomer at 3699 keV and several higher multiquasiparticle states, including a six-quasiparticle isomer at 6147 keV with K=(22,23). The results are discussed in terms of the states predicted on the basis of multiquasiparticle calculations. The anomalously fast K-forbidden transition strengths from the 14(+) isomer are attributed to either K mixing in the neutron configuration or to random mixing in the high-level-density region. The 7(-) isomer decays are not abnormal, whereas the very hindered E2 transition from the 6(+) isomer to the ground-state band remains unexplained. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Natl Univ, The Faculties, Dept Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RI Dracoulis, George/A-8123-2008; Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Kibedi, Tibor/E-8282-2010; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Kibedi, Tibor/0000-0002-9205-7500; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hammond, Neil/0000-0001-6390-8874; Byrne, Aidan/0000-0002-7096-6455 NR 49 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044326 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600041 ER PT J AU Forssen, C Navratil, P Ormand, WE Caurier, E AF Forssen, C Navratil, P Ormand, WE Caurier, E TI Large basis ab initio shell model investigation of Be-9 and Be-11 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE-PARITY STATES; LIGHT-NUCLEI; ENERGY-LEVELS; GROUND-STATE; LI-11; TRANSITIONS; RADII; DECAY; SPIN; C-13 AB We present the first ab initio structure investigation of the loosely bound Be-11 nucleus, together with a study of the lighter isotope Be-9. The nuclear structure of these isotopes is particularly interesting because of the appearance of a parity-inverted ground state in Be-11. Our study is performed in the framework of the ab initio no-core shell model. Results obtained using four different, high-precision two-nucleon interactions, in model spaces up to 9h Omega, are shown. For both nuclei, and all potentials, we reach convergence in the level ordering of positive- and negative-parity spectra separately. Concerning their relative position, the positive-parity states are always too high in excitation energy, but a fast drop with respect to the negative-parity spectrum is observed when the model space is increased. This behavior is most dramatic for Be-11. In the largest model space we were able to reach, the 1/2(+) level has dropped down to become either the first or the second excited state, depending on which interaction we use. We also observe a contrasting behavior in the convergence patterns for different two-nucleon potentials and argue that a three-nucleon interaction is needed to explain the parity inversion. Furthermore, large-basis calculations of C-13 and B-11 are performed. This allows us to study the systematics of the position of the first unnatural-parity state in the N=7 isotone and the A=11 isobar. The B-11 run in the 9h Omega model space involves a matrix with dimension exceeding 1.1x10(9), and is our largest calculation so far. We present results on binding energies, excitation spectra, level configurations, radii, electromagnetic observables, and Be-10+n overlap functions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Strasbourg, Inst Rech Subatom, CNRS, IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-414, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM c.forssen@llnl.gov RI Forssen, Christian/C-6093-2008 OI Forssen, Christian/0000-0003-3458-0480 NR 51 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044312 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600027 ER PT J AU Greco, V Ko, CM Vitev, I AF Greco, V Ko, CM Vitev, I TI Hadron production from quark coalescence and jet fragmentation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ABELIAN ENERGY-LOSS; RHIC ENERGIES; GLUON PLASMA; MODEL; HADRONIZATION; TOMOGRAPHY; PARTICLES; SPECTRA; OPACITY AB Transverse momentum spectra of pions, protons, and antiprotons in Au+Au collisions at intermediate RHIC energy root s(NN)=62 GeV are studied in a model that includes both quark coalescence from the dense partonic matter and fragmentation of the quenched perturbative minijet partons. The resulting baryon to meson ratio at intermediate transverse momenta is predicted to be larger than that seen in experiments at higher center of mass energies. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Greco, Vincenzo/E-1767-2016 OI Greco, Vincenzo/0000-0002-4088-0810 NR 62 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.041901 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600009 ER PT J AU Grinyer, GF Svensson, CE Andreoiu, C Andreyev, AN Austin, RAE Ball, GC Chakrawarthy, RS Finlay, P Garrett, PE Hackman, G Hardy, JC Hyland, B Iacob, VE Koopmans, KA Kulp, WD Leslie, JR Macdonald, JA Morton, AC Ormand, WE Osborne, CJ Pearson, CJ Phillips, AA Sarazin, F Schumaker, MA Scraggs, HC Schwarzenberg, J Smith, MB Valiente-Dobon, JJ Waddington, JC Wood, JL Zganjar, EF AF Grinyer, GF Svensson, CE Andreoiu, C Andreyev, AN Austin, RAE Ball, GC Chakrawarthy, RS Finlay, P Garrett, PE Hackman, G Hardy, JC Hyland, B Iacob, VE Koopmans, KA Kulp, WD Leslie, JR Macdonald, JA Morton, AC Ormand, WE Osborne, CJ Pearson, CJ Phillips, AA Sarazin, F Schumaker, MA Scraggs, HC Schwarzenberg, J Smith, MB Valiente-Dobon, JJ Waddington, JC Wood, JL Zganjar, EF TI High precision measurements of Na-26 beta(-) decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVELS; HALF-LIVES; ISOTOPES; MAGNESIUM; NUCLEI; NA26 AB High-precision measurements of the half-life and beta-branching ratios for the beta(-) decay of Na-26 to Mg-26 have been measured in beta-counting and gamma-decay experiments, respectively. A 4 pi proportional counter and fast tape transport system were employed for the half-life measurement, whereas the gamma rays emitted by the daughter nucleus Mg-26 were detected with the 8 pi gamma-ray spectrometer, both located at TRIUMF's isotope separator and accelerator radioactive beam facility. The half-life of Na-26 was determined to be T-1/2=1.07128 +/- 0.00013 +/- 0.00021 s, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. The logft values derived from these experiments are compared with theoretical values from a full sd-shell model calculation. C1 Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Vienna, Dept Nucl Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM ggrinyer@physics.uoguelph.ca RI Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015; OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551; Smith, Martin/0000-0003-0834-1574 NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044309 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600024 ER PT J AU Guttormsen, M Chankova, R Agvaanluvsan, U Algin, E Bernstein, LA Ingebretsen, F Lonnroth, T Messelt, S Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Schiller, A Siem, S Sunde, AC Voinov, A Odegard, S AF Guttormsen, M Chankova, R Agvaanluvsan, U Algin, E Bernstein, LA Ingebretsen, F Lonnroth, T Messelt, S Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Schiller, A Siem, S Sunde, AC Voinov, A Odegard, S TI Radiative strength functions in Mo93-98 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA; LEVEL DENSITY; NUCLEI; SYSTEMATICS; DY-162 AB Radiative strength functions (RSFs) in Mo93-98 have been extracted using the (He-3,alpha gamma) and (He-3,He-3'gamma) reactions. The RSFs are U shaped as function of gamma energy with a minimum at around E-gamma=3 MeV. The minimum values increase with neutron number because of the increase in the low-energy tail of the giant electric dipole resonance with nuclear deformation. The unexpected strong increase in strength below E-gamma=3 MeV, here called soft pole, is established for all Mo93-98 isotopes. The soft pole is present at all initial excitation energies in the 5-8-MeV region. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Osmangazi Univ, Dept Phys, TR-26480 Meselik, Eskisehir, Turkey. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Guttormsen, M (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM magne.guttormsen@fys.uio.no NR 34 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044307 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600022 ER PT J AU Hughes, RO Zamfir, NV Radford, DC Gross, CJ Barton, CJ Baktash, C Caprio, MA Casten, RF Galindo-Uribarri, A Hausladen, PA McCutchan, EA Ressler, JJ Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH AF Hughes, RO Zamfir, NV Radford, DC Gross, CJ Barton, CJ Baktash, C Caprio, MA Casten, RF Galindo-Uribarri, A Hausladen, PA McCutchan, EA Ressler, JJ Shapira, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH TI gamma-ray spectroscopy of Te-132 through beta decay of a Sb-132 radioactive beam SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FACILITY; ISOTOPES; STATES AB gamma-ray spectroscopy of Te-132, obtained from beta(-) decay of a Sb-132 radioactive beam at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility, was performed using the Clarion array. A significantly revised gamma-decay scheme for Te-132 was obtained including a number of new, likely 2(+), states below 2.5 MeV and the removal of a 3(-) state at 2280 keV. A simple shell-model interpretation is discussed for the low-lying levels. C1 Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Inst Natl Fiz & Ingn Nucl, RO-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Yale Univ, Ctr Theoret Phys, Sloane Phys Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Hughes, RO (reprint author), Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; radford, David/A-3928-2015 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044311 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600026 ER PT J AU Ichikawa, T Iwamoto, A Moller, P Sierk, AJ AF Ichikawa, T Iwamoto, A Moller, P Sierk, AJ TI Barrier for cold-fusion production of superheavy elements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; GROUND-STATE MASSES; MICROSCOPIC CALCULATIONS; DECAY PROPERTIES; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; FISSION; DEFORMATIONS; COLLISIONS AB We estimate the fusion-barrier height B-fu((two-body)) for approaching ions in cold-fusion reactions in a model where the projectile deformation and quadrupole zero-point vibrational energy are taken into account. This barrier height is defined as the barrier energy at the target and projectile separation distance where an original oblate deformation of projectile and/or target caused by a repulsive Coulomb force turns into a large prolate deformation caused by the attractive nuclear force as the target and projectile come closer. The instability develops before touching because the attractive short-range nuclear force overcomes the repulsive Coulomb force and the shape-stabilizing effect of shell structure. The shell structure of the doubly magic Pb-208 target is sufficiently strong that its shape remains very close to spherical in all cases studied here. The fusion potential for approaching ions in the two-body channel is calculated in the macroscopic-microscopic model with the quadrupole vibrational zero-point energy obtained in the WKB approximation. We compare our results with data from 10 experimental cold-fusion reactions and with the Bass barriers. Differences and similarities between the Yukawa-plus-exponential model and the Bass model are discussed. We also calculate five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces for the single compound system and show that well-established fission and fusion valleys are both present. For heavy systems, B-fu((two-body)) becomes lower than the fission barrier just beyond the ground state of the compound system. In the vicinity of this transition, the optimum collision energy for formation of evaporation residues can be expected to depend in a delicate fashion on the interplay among B-fu((two-body)), the fusion valley, the fission barrier of the compound system, and the one- and two-neutron separation energies S-1n and S-2n. We discuss these issues in detail and calculate fission-barrier heights. Except for reactions in which the projectile is doubly magic or near doubly magic, the calculated quantities are consistent with the observed optimal energies for evaporation-residue formation. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM takichi@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp NR 33 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044608 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044608 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600049 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DG Fulton, BR Pearson, J Lister, CJ Carpenter, MP Freeman, SJ Hammond, NJ Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Wuosmaa, AH Fallon, P Gorgen, A Macchiavelli, AO McMahan, M Freer, M Haas, F AF Jenkins, DG Fulton, BR Pearson, J Lister, CJ Carpenter, MP Freeman, SJ Hammond, NJ Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Wuosmaa, AH Fallon, P Gorgen, A Macchiavelli, AO McMahan, M Freer, M Haas, F TI Doorway states as a principal decay pathway in C-12(C-12,gamma) radiative capture SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RESONANCES; C-12; FUSION; MG-24 AB The heavy-ion radiative capture reaction, C-12(C-12,gamma), has been investigated at beam energies around 16 MeV. Two different experiments were performed. Capture cross sections were obtained by measuring fused Mg-24 residues and were found to significantly exceed values reported earlier. Subsequently, the decay pathways associated with radiative capture were delineated using the Gammasphere array. A substantial fraction of the decay was found to proceed through a few high-lying doorway states near 10 MeV in excitation. C1 Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. ULP, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Jenkins, DG (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Freer, Martin/F-9379-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hammond, Neil/0000-0001-6390-8874; Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.041301 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600002 ER PT J AU Jiang, CL Rehm, KE Esbensen, H Janssens, RVF Back, BB Davids, CN Greene, JP Henderson, DJ Lister, CJ Pardo, RC Pennington, T Peterson, D Seweryniak, D Shumard, B Sinha, S Tang, XD Tanihata, I Zhu, S Collon, P Kurtz, S Paul, M AF Jiang, CL Rehm, KE Esbensen, H Janssens, RVF Back, BB Davids, CN Greene, JP Henderson, DJ Lister, CJ Pardo, RC Pennington, T Peterson, D Seweryniak, D Shumard, B Sinha, S Tang, XD Tanihata, I Zhu, S Collon, P Kurtz, S Paul, M TI Hindrance of heavy-ion fusion at extreme sub-barrier energies in open-shell colliding systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT MASS ANALYZER; SUB-BARRIER FUSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; NI-64; NI-58; NUCLEI; DISTRIBUTIONS; SCATTERING; MODEL AB The excitation function for the fusion-evaporation reaction Ni-64+Mo-100 has been measured down to a cross section of similar to 5 nb. Extensive coupled-channels calculations have been performed, which cannot reproduce the steep falloff of the excitation function at extreme sub-barrier energies. Thus, this system exhibits a hindrance for fusion, a phenomenon that has been discovered only recently. In the S-factor representation introduced to quantify the hindrance, a maximum is observed at E-s=120.6 MeV, which corresponds to 90% of the reference energy E-s(ref), a value expected from systematics of closed-shell systems. A systematic analysis of Ni-induced fusion reactions leading to compound nuclei with mass A=100-200 is presented in order to explore a possible dependence of fusion hindrance on nuclear structure. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Jiang, CL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Tang, Xiaodong /F-4891-2016 NR 46 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044613 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044613 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600054 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Cizewski, JA Ding, KY Fotiades, N Smith, MB Thomas, JS Younes, W Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K McNabb, DP Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS AF Johnson, MS Cizewski, JA Ding, KY Fotiades, N Smith, MB Thomas, JS Younes, W Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K McNabb, DP Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS TI Quasicontinuous decay and properties of superdeformed excitations in Pb-195 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BAND; SPIN; ENERGIES; NUCLEI; HG-192; STATES AB Superdeformed excitations in Pb-195 were populated via the Yb-174(Mg-26,5n) reaction, and gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements were made with Gammasphere. Analysis of the intensities of the discrete transitions between superdeformed states indicates that the decay out occurs from the favored band of the lowest signature pair. The quasicontinuous spectra associated with the decay of superdeformed bands in Pb-195 have been extracted for both signatures. The onset of gamma-ray intensity and the normalized gamma-ray intensity of the quasicontinuum decay spectrum are used to set a lower bound of 2.5 MeV at similar to 11h for superdeformed excitation energy relative to normal deformed excitations in Pb-195. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; OI Smith, Martin/0000-0003-0834-1574 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044310 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600025 ER PT J AU Kulp, WD Wood, JL Garrett, PE Allmond, JM Cline, D Hayes, AB Hua, H Krane, KS Larimer, RM Loats, J Norman, EB Schmelzenbach, P Stapels, CJ Teng, R Wu, CY AF Kulp, WD Wood, JL Garrett, PE Allmond, JM Cline, D Hayes, AB Hua, H Krane, KS Larimer, RM Loats, J Norman, EB Schmelzenbach, P Stapels, CJ Teng, R Wu, CY TI Identification of a pairing isomeric band in Sm-152 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EVEN ISOTOPES; T,P REACTION; P,T REACTION; SM; NUCLEI; GD AB A coexisting band structure is identified in Sm-152 through gamma-ray coincidence spectroscopy following beta decay of Eu-152m,Eu-g and following multistep Coulomb excitation. This structure is interpreted as a pairing isomer analogous to a similar band identified in Gd-154, based on relative B(E2) values for transitions out of the band and two-neutron transfer reaction population of the 0(+) and 2(+) band members. Systematics for odd-A isotopes near N=90 suggest that there should be a low-lying pairing isomer in Dy-156 and similar structures at higher energy in Nd-150 and Er-158. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N0B 1S0, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kulp, WD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.041303 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600004 ER PT J AU Reimer, P Avrigeanu, V Chuvaev, SV Filatenkov, AA Glodariu, T Koning, A Plompen, AJM Qaim, SM Smith, DL Weigmann, H AF Reimer, P Avrigeanu, V Chuvaev, SV Filatenkov, AA Glodariu, T Koning, A Plompen, AJM Qaim, SM Smith, DL Weigmann, H TI Reaction mechanisms of fast neutrons on stable Mo isotopes below 21 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SUB-COULOMB PROTONS; 89 LESS-THAN; PREEQUILIBRIUM NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; OPTICAL-MODEL; CROSS-SECTIONS; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; MOLYBDENUM ISOTOPES; N,ALPHA REACTIONS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; P,N REACTION AB A large number of new measurements with the activation technique were performed for (n,2n) and neutron-induced Delta Z=1,2 reaction cross sections on the stable molybdenum isotopes in the energy range from 13.5 to 21 MeV. First results were obtained for the Mo-92(n,2n)Mo-91(m),Mo-92(n,alpha)Zr-89(m),Mo-94(n,2n)Mo-93(m),Mo-95(n,p)Nb-95(m),Mo-96(n,p)Nb-96,Mo-96(n,x)Nb-95(m), Mo-97(n,p)Nb-97, Mo-97(n,p)Nb-97(m), Mo-97(n,x)Nb-96, Mo-98(n,p)Nb-98(m), Mo-98(n,x)Nb-97, Mo-98(n,x)Nb-97(m), and Mo-100(n,alpha)Zr-97 reactions, above 16 MeV. A significant number of high-accuracy 14 MeV measurements were performed which are in good agreement with the measurements above 16 MeV for reactions studied in both energy ranges. The rather complete database for the molybdenum isotopes was analyzed with two different sets of consistent model calculations: a local and a global approach. The global approach (a blind calculation with the TALYS code) provides a good overall description of the dominant reaction channels, although the (n,alpha) reactions for the heavy isotopes are overpredicted. The local approach (an adjusted calculation with the STAPRE-H code) describes the shapes and magnitudes of the excitation functions well from the reaction thresholds up to 21 MeV using a consistent parameter set, which was optimized based on all experimental information for the nuclei at hand and their immediate neighbors. The agreement between experimental and calculated data is, in general, good both at the maxima and at the tails of the excitation functions, and both for total activation cross sections of a particular channel and for cross sections leading to isomers, showing the viability of the level densities, the optical models, and the gamma widths. Comparison of the two model calculations with the data indicates the relevance of an appropriate treatment for preequilibrium (PE) alpha-particle emission for the description of the data above 14 MeV. Comparison between the model calculations shows largely different PE deuteron emission contributions to the total (Delta Z=1,Delta A=1) cross sections with an additional marked difference in energy dependence. This suggests that emission spectra around 20 MeV are required to establish the magnitude of the PE deuteron emission contribution to this process. New gamma-ray strength functions were established by verification against average (n,gamma) data and were demonstrated to give good agreement with the measured isomer production cross sections. C1 Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Joint Res Ctr, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Nuklearchem, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 76900, Romania. VG Khlopin Radium Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Nucl Res & Consultancy Grp, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Joint Res Ctr, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. EM arjan.plompen@cec.eu.int RI Avrigeanu, Vlad/B-6061-2011; Glodariu, Tudor/F-6676-2011; OI Avrigeanu, Vlad/0000-0002-5778-1376; Reimer, Peter/0000-0002-3187-2536 NR 98 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044617 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044617 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600058 ER PT J AU Stetcu, I Barrett, BR Navratil, P Vary, JP AF Stetcu, I Barrett, BR Navratil, P Vary, JP TI Effective operators within the ab initio no-core shell model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; LIGHT-NUCLEI AB We implement an effective operator formalism for general one- and two-body operators, obtaining results consistent with the no-core shell model (NCSM) wave functions. The Argonne V8' nucleon-nucleon potential was used in order to obtain realistic wave functions for He-4,Li-6, and C-12. In the NCSM formalism, we compute electromagnetic properties using the two-body cluster approximation for the effective operators and obtain results which are sensitive to the range of the bare operator. To illuminate the dependence on the range, we employ a Gaussian two-body operator of variable range, finding weak renormalization of long range operators (e.g., quadrupole) in a fixed model space. This is understood in terms of the two-body cluster approximation which accounts mainly for short-range correlations. Consequently, short-range operators, such as the relative kinetic energy, will be well renormalized in the two-body cluster approximation. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, POB 210081, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 31 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044325 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044325 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600040 ER PT J AU Swiaatecki, WJ Trzcinska, A Jastrzeabski, J AF Swiaatecki, WJ Trzcinska, A Jastrzeabski, J TI Difference of the root-mean-square sizes of neutron and proton distributions in nuclei: Comparison of theory with data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DROPLET-MODEL AB The droplet model theory of the difference between the rms radii of the neutron and proton distributions in nuclei is compared with measurements obtained with the aid of antiprotonic atoms. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Warsaw Univ, Heavy Ion Lab, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland. RP Swiaatecki, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM WJSwiatecki@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 047301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.047301 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600074 ER PT J AU Zhu, LY Arrington, J Averett, T Beise, E Calarco, J Chang, T Chen, JP Chudakov, E Coman, M Clasie, B Crawford, C Dieterich, S Dohrmann, F Dutta, D Fissum, K Frullani, S Gao, H Gilman, R Glashausser, C Gomez, J Hafidi, K Hansen, O Higinbotham, DW Holt, RJ de Jager, CW Jiang, X Kinney, E Kramer, K Kumbartzki, G LeRose, J Liyanage, N Mack, D Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meekins, D Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Mitchell, J Nanda, S Potterveld, D Ransome, R Reimer, PE Reitz, B Saha, A Schulte, EC Seely, J Sirca, S Strauch, S Sulkosky, V Vlahovic, B Weinstein, LB Wijesooriya, K Williamson, C Wojtsekhowski, B Xiang, H Xiong, F Xu, W Zeng, J Zheng, X AF Zhu, LY Arrington, J Averett, T Beise, E Calarco, J Chang, T Chen, JP Chudakov, E Coman, M Clasie, B Crawford, C Dieterich, S Dohrmann, F Dutta, D Fissum, K Frullani, S Gao, H Gilman, R Glashausser, C Gomez, J Hafidi, K Hansen, O Higinbotham, DW Holt, RJ de Jager, CW Jiang, X Kinney, E Kramer, K Kumbartzki, G LeRose, J Liyanage, N Mack, D Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meekins, D Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Mitchell, J Nanda, S Potterveld, D Ransome, R Reimer, PE Reitz, B Saha, A Schulte, EC Seely, J Sirca, S Strauch, S Sulkosky, V Vlahovic, B Weinstein, LB Wijesooriya, K Williamson, C Wojtsekhowski, B Xiang, H Xiong, F Xu, W Zeng, J Zheng, X CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration Jefferson Lab E94-104 Collaboratio TI Cross section measurements of charged pion photoproduction in hydrogen and deuterium from 1.1 to 5.5 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LARGE-MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; LABORATORY ENERGIES 600; PP ELASTIC-SCATTERING; PHOTON ENERGIES; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; 2-BODY PHOTODISINTEGRATION; NUCLEAR TRANSPARENCY; SCALING LAWS AB The differential cross sections for the gamma n ->pi(-)p and the gamma p ->pi(+)n processes were measured at Jefferson Lab. The photon energies ranged from 1.1 to 5.5 GeV, corresponding to center-of-mass energies from 1.7 to 3.4 GeV. The pion center-of-mass angles varied from 50(degrees) to 110(degrees). The pi(-) and pi(+) photoproduction data both exhibit a global scaling behavior at high energies and high transverse momenta, consistent with the constituent counting rule prediction and the existing pi(+) data. The data suggest possible substructure of the scaling behavior, which might be oscillations around the scaling value. The data show an enhancement in the scaled cross section at center-of-mass energy near 2.2 GeV. The differential cross section ratios [d sigma/dt(gamma n ->pi(-)p)/d sigma/dt(gamma p ->pi(+)n)] at high energies and high transverse momenta can be described by calculations based on one-hard-gluon-exchange diagrams. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Lund Univ, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. N Carolina Cent Univ, Durham, NC 27707 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30601 USA. RP MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Averett, Todd/A-2969-2011; Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011; Arrington, John/D-1116-2012; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014 OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328; Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526 NR 99 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 044603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044603 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 921KZ UT WOS:000228764600044 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, AA Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Warsinsky, M Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Whiteson, D Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, AA Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Warsinsky, M Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Whiteson, D Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Search for first-generation scalar leptoquarks in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FERMION-PAIR PRODUCTION; HERA; GENERATION; TEVATRON; PHYSICS; BOSONS; LEP AB We report on a search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks (LQ) in p (p) over bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 252 pb(-1) collected at the Fermilab Tevatron collider by the D0 detector. We observe no evidence for LQ production in the topologies arising from LQ(LQ) over bar -> eqeq and LQ(LQ) over bar -> eq nu q, and derive 95% C.L. lower limits on the LQ mass as a function of beta, where beta is the branching fraction for LQ -> eq. The limits are 241 and 218 GeV/c(2) for beta=1 and 0.5, respectively. These results are combined with those obtained by D0 at root s=1.8 TeV, which increases these LQ mass limits to 256 and 234 GeV/c(2). C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Clermont Ferrand, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, IN2P3, CNRS, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, IN2P3, CNRS, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, Marseille, France. CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, IN2P3, Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Louis Pasteur Strasbourg 1, IReS, IN2P3, CNRS, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, IN2P3, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A, Aachen, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. FOM, NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013 OI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 071104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.071104 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400004 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, AA Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Toerne, EV Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Warsinsky, M Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Whiteson, D Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, AA Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Toerne, EV Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Warsinsky, M Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Whiteson, D Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Measurement of sigma(p(p)over-bar -> Z)center dot Br(Z ->tau tau) at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FORWARD-BACKWARD ASYMMETRIES; Z-RESONANCE PARAMETERS; CROSS-SECTIONS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; LEP; COLLIDER; BOSON AB We present a measurement of the cross section for Z production times the branching fraction to tau leptons, sigma.Br(Z ->tau(+)tau(-)), in p (p) over bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV in the channel in which one tau decays into mu nu(mu)nu(tau), and the other into hadrons+nu(tau) or e nu(e)nu(tau). The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 226 pb(-1) collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The final sample contains 2008 candidate events with an estimated background of 55%. From this we obtain sigma.Br(Z ->tau(+)tau(-)) = 237 +/- 15(stat)+/- 18(sys)+/- 15(lum)pb, in agreement with the standard model prediction. C1 Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Louis Pasteur Strasbourg 1, IReS, IN2P3, CNRS, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, IN2P3, CNRS, Grenoble, France. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Univ Clermont Ferrand, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, IN2P3, CNRS, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Punjabi Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, Marseille, France. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, IN2P3, Orsay, France. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, IN2P3, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Acad Sinica, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. RI Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012 OI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549 NR 23 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 072004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.072004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400010 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, D Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, JL Kestel, M Kohnen, G Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Lundberg, J Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tarasova, O Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wendt, C Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G AF Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, D Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, JL Kestel, M Kohnen, G Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Lundberg, J Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tarasova, O Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wendt, C Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G TI Search for extraterrestrial point sources of high energy neutrinos with AMANDA-II using data collected in 2000-2002 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DETECTORS; SELECTION AB The results of a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using data collected by AMANDA-II in the years 2000, 2001, and 2002 are presented. In particular, a comparison with the single-year result previously published shows that the sensitivity was improved by a factor of 2.2. The muon neutrino flux upper limits on selected candidate sources, corresponding to an E-nu(-2) neutrino energy spectrum, are included. Sky grids were used to search for possible excesses above the background of cosmic ray induced atmospheric neutrinos. This search reveals no statistically significant excess for the three years considered. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Mons Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Vrije Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. RP Desiati, P (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM desiati@amanda.wisc.edu; yrwang@amanda.wisc.edu RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Kampert, Karl-Heinz/0000-0002-2805-0195; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 17 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 077102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.077102 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400083 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Frisch, H Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T 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J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in p(p)over-barcollisions at root s=1.96 TeV using kinematic fitting of b-tagged lepton plus jet events SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We report a measurement of the t (t) over bar production cross section using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The data consist of events with an energetic electron or muon, missing transverse energy, and three or more hadronic jets, at least one of which is identified as a b-quark jet by reconstructing a secondary vertex. The background fraction is determined from a fit of the transverse energy of the leading jet. Using 162 +/- 10 pb(-1) of data, the total cross section is found to be 6.0 +/- 1.6(stat.)+/- 1.2(syst.) pb, which is consistent with the standard model prediction. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. 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Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. 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Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, D David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Midrapidity direct-photon production in p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION; LEADING ORDER; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; PROTON-PROTON; QCD; COLLIDER; TEV AB A measurement of direct photons in p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV is presented. A photon excess above background from pi(0)->gamma+gamma, eta ->gamma+gamma and other decays is observed in the transverse momentum range 5.5 < p(T)< 7 GeV/c. The result is compared to a next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculation. Within errors, good agreement is found between the QCD calculation and the measured result. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Cyclotron Applicat Lab, KAERI, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba 3050801, Japan. RMKI, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. IV Kurchatov Atom Energy Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow 123182, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068052, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS IN23, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, Ecole Mines, CNRS IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zajc@nevis.columbia.edu RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 071102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.071102 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400002 ER PT J AU Atwood, D Gershon, T Hazumi, M Soni, A AF Atwood, D Gershon, T Hazumi, M Soni, A TI Mixing-induced CP violation in B -> P1P2 gamma in search of clean new physics signals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; GAMMA AB We show that in a decay of the form B-d or B-s-> P(1)P(2)gamma (where P-1 and P-2 are pseudoscalar mesons), through a flavor changing dipole transition, time dependent oscillations can reveal the presence of physics beyond the standard model. If P-1 and P-2 are CP eigenstates (e.g. as in B-d-> K(S)pi(0)gamma), then to leading order in the effective Hamiltonian, the oscillation is independent of the resonance structure. Thus data from resonances as well as from nonresonant decays can be included. This may significantly enhance the sensitivity to new physics of the method. If P-1 is a charged particle, and P-2 its antiparticle (e.g. as in B-d->pi(+)pi(-)gamma), one has the additional advantage that both the magnitude and the weak phase of any new physics contribution can be determined from a study of the angular distribution. These signals offer excellent ways to detect new physics because they are suppressed in the standard model. We also show that the potential contamination of these signals originating from the standard model annihilation diagram gives rise to photons with, to a very good approximation, the same helicity as the dominant penguin graph and thus causes no serious difficulty. The formalism which applies to the case where P-1 and P-2 are C eigenstates also further generalizes to the case of final states containing multiple C eigenstates and a photon. This suggests several additional channels to search for new physics, such as K(S)eta(')(eta)gamma, phi K(S)gamma etc. We also emphasize that the contribution of nondipole interactions can be monitored by the dependence of the mixing-induced CP asymmetry of nonresonant modes on the Dalitz variables. Furthermore, using a number of different final states can also provide important information on the contribution from nondipole effects. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 34 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 076003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.076003 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400074 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Study of the B- -> J/psi K-pi(+)pi(-) decay and measurement of the B- -> X(3872)K- branching fraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHARMONIUM; MESONS; STATE AB We study the decay B--> J/psi K(-)pi(+)pi(-) using 117x10(6) B (B) over bar events collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) asymmetric-energy storage ring. We measure the branching fractions B (B--> J/psi K(-)pi(+)pi(-))=(116 +/- 7(stat.)+/- 9(syst.))x10(-5) and B (B--> X(3872)K-)x B (X(3872)-> J/psi pi(+)pi(-))=(1.28 +/- 0.41)x10(-5) and find the mass of the X(3872) to be 3873.4 +/- 1.4 MeV/c(2). We search for the h(c) narrow state in the decay B--> h(c)K(-), h(c)-> J/psi pi(+)pi(-) and for the decay B--> J/psi D(0)pi(-), with D-0-> K(-)pi(+). We set the 90% C.L. limits B(B--> h(c)K(-))xB(h(c)-> J/psi pi(+)pi(-))< 3.4x10(-6) and B(B--> J/psi D(0)pi(-)) < 5.2x10(-5). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London Queen Mary Coll, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015 OI Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; FORD, WILLIAM/0000-0001-8703-6943; Carpinelli, Massimo/0000-0002-8205-930X; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Lafferty, George/0000-0003-0658-4919; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Strube, Jan/0000-0001-7470-9301; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 18 TC 414 Z9 416 U1 7 U2 34 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 071103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.071103 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400003 ER PT J AU Balazs, C Carena, M Menon, A Morrissey, DE Wagner, CEM AF Balazs, C Carena, M Menon, A Morrissey, DE Wagner, CEM TI Supersymmetric origin of matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID EXPLICIT CP VIOLATION; ELECTROWEAK PHASE-TRANSITION; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENTS; WEINBERG-SALAM THEORY; HIGGS-BOSON SECTOR; STANDARD MODEL; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; PARTICLE PHYSICS; FIELD-THEORY AB The minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM) can provide the correct neutralino relic abundance and baryon number asymmetry of the universe. Both may be efficiently generated in the presence of CP violating phases, light charginos and neutralinos, and a light top squark. Because of the coannihilation of the neutralino with the light stop, we find a large region of parameter space in which the neutralino relic density is consistent with WMAP and SDSS data. We perform a detailed study of the additional constraints induced when CP violating phases, consistent with the ones required for baryogenesis, are included. We explore the possible tests of this scenario from present and future electron electric dipole moment (EDM) measurements, direct neutralino detection experiments, collider searches and the b -> s gamma decay rate. We find that the EDM constraints are quite severe and that electron EDM experiments, together with stop searches at the Tevatron and Higgs searches at the LHC, will provide a definite test of our scenario of electroweak baryogenesis in the next few years. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 148 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 075002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.075002 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400058 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Requejo, OM Quigg, C AF Barenboim, G Requejo, OM Quigg, C TI Diagnostic potential of cosmic-neutrino absorption spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; PARTICLE PHYSICS; BETA-DECAY; FLAVOR OSCILLATIONS; NOBEL LECTURE; UPPER LIMIT; REST MASS; COSMOLOGY; RAYS AB Annihilation of extremely energetic cosmic neutrinos on the relic-neutrino background can give rise to absorption lines at energies corresponding to formation of the electroweak gauge boson Z(0). The positions of the absorption dips are set by the masses of the relic neutrinos. Suitably intense sources of extremely energetic (10(21)-10(25)-eV) cosmic neutrinos might therefore enable the determination of the absolute neutrino masses and the flavor composition of the mass eigenstates. Several factors-other than neutrino mass and composition-distort the absorption lines, however. We analyze the influence of the time evolution of the relic-neutrino density and the consequences of neutrino decay. We consider the sensitivity of the line shape to the age and character of extremely energetic neutrino sources, and to the thermal history of the Universe, reflected in the expansion rate. We take into account Fermi motion arising from the thermal distribution of the relic-neutrino gas. We also note the implications of Dirac vs. Majorana relics, and briefly consider unconventional neutrino histories. We ask what kinds of external information would enhance the potential of cosmic-neutrino absorption spectroscopy, and estimate the sensitivity required to make the technique a reality. C1 Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Carrer Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. EM Gabriela.Barenboim@uv.es; omena@fnal.gov; quigg@fnal.gov NR 129 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 8 AR 083002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.083002 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LL UT WOS:000228765800007 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Enberg, R Hoyer, P Ingelman, G AF Brodsky, SJ Enberg, R Hoyer, P Ingelman, G TI Hard diffraction from parton rescattering in QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; LARGE RAPIDITY GAP; FERMILAB TEVATRON; CROSS-SECTION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; DIJET PRODUCTION; EP SCATTERING; HERA; FACTORIZATION; EVENTS AB We analyze the QCD dynamics of diffractive deep inelastic scattering. The presence of a rapidity gap between the target and diffractive system requires that the target remnant emerges in a color-singlet state, which we show is made possible by the soft rescattering of the struck quark. This rescattering is described by the path-ordered exponential (Wilson line) in the expression for the parton distribution function of the target. The multiple scattering of the struck parton via instantaneous interactions in the target generates dominantly imaginary diffractive amplitudes, giving rise to an "effective Pomeron" exchange. The Pomeron is not an intrinsic part of the proton but a dynamical effect of the interaction. This picture also applies to diffraction in hadron-initiated processes. Because of the different color environment the rescattering is different in virtual photon- and hadron-induced processes, explaining the observed nonuniversality of diffractive parton distributions. This framework provides a theoretical basis for the phenomenologically successful soft color interaction (SCI) model which includes rescattering effects and thus generates a variety of final states with rapidity gaps. We discuss developments of the SCI model to account for the color coherence features of the underlying subprocesses. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Ecole Polytech, Ctr Phys Theor, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Uppsala Univ, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM sjbth@slac.stanford.edu; REnberg@lbl.gov; paul.hoyer@helsinki.fi; gunnar.ingelman@tsl.uu.se OI Enberg, Rikard/0000-0003-0452-0671 NR 52 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 074020 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.074020 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400048 ER PT J AU Dumitru, A Lenaghan, J Pisarski, RD AF Dumitru, A Lenaghan, J Pisarski, RD TI Deconfinement in matrix models about the Gross-Witten point SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY; RENORMALIZED POLYAKOV LOOP; CONSTANT EXTERNAL-FIELD; QUARK FREE-ENERGIES; 2-LOOP FREE-ENERGY; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; WILSON LINES; MEAN FIELD; HAGEDORN TRANSITION AB We study the deconfining phase transition in SU(N) gauge theories at nonzero temperature using a matrix model of Polyakov loops. The most general effective action, including all terms up to two spatial derivatives, is presented. At large N, the action is dominated by the loop potential: following Aharony et al., we show how the Gross-Witten model represents an ultracritical point in this potential. Although masses vanish at the Gross-Witten point, the transition is of first order, as the fundamental loop jumps only halfway to its perturbative value. Comparing numerical analysis of the N=3 matrix model to lattice simulations, for three colors the deconfining transition appears to be near the Gross-Witten point. To see if this persists for N >= 4, we suggest measuring within a window similar to 1/N-2 of the transition temperature. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Postfach 11 19 32, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. NR 131 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 074004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.074004 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400032 ER PT J AU Fukushima, K Iida, K AF Fukushima, K Iida, K TI Collective excitations in a superfluid of color-flavor locked quark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT EFFECTIVE THEORY; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; NEUTRON-STARS; FERMI LIQUIDS; PHASE; BARYON; SUPERCONDUCTOR; LOCKING AB We investigate collective excitations coupled with baryon density in a system of massless three-flavor quarks in the collisionless regime. By using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model in the mean-field approximation, we field-theoretically derive the spectra both for the normal and color-flavor locked (CFL) superfluid phases at zero temperature. In the normal phase, we obtain usual zero sound as a low-lying collective mode in the particle-hole (vector) channel. In the CFL phase, the nature of collective excitations varies in a way dependent on whether the excitation energy, omega, is larger or smaller than the threshold given by twice the pairing gap Delta, at which pair excitations with nonzero total momentum become allowed to break up into two quasiparticles. For omega << 2 Delta, a phonon corresponding to fluctuations in the U(1) phase of Delta appears as a sharp peak in the particle-particle ("H") channel. We reproduce the property known from low-energy effective theories that this mode propagates at a velocity of v(H)=1/root 3 in the low momentum regime; the decay constant f(H) obtained in the NJL model is identical with the QCD result obtained in the mean-field approximation. We also find that, as the momentum of the phonon increases, the excitation energy goes up and asymptotically approaches omega=2 Delta. Above the threshold for pair excitations (omega > 2 Delta), zero sound manifests itself in the vector channel. By locating the zero sound pole of the vector propagator in the complex energy plane, we investigate the attenuation and energy dispersion relation of zero sound. In the long wavelength limit, the phonon mode, the only low-lying excitation, has its spectral weight in the H channel alone, while the spectral function vanishes in the vector channel. This is due to nontrivial mixing between the H and vector channels in the superfluid medium. We finally extend our study to the case of nonzero temperature. We demonstrate how Landau damping smears the phonon peak in the finite temperature spectral function. We find a pure imaginary pole of the H propagator in the complex energy plane, which can be identified as a diffusive mode responsible for the Landau damping. From the pole position we derive the thermal diffusion constant. C1 MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bnonnunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Fukushima, Kenji/0000-0003-0899-740X NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 074011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.074011 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400039 ER PT J AU Ibe, M Kitano, R Murayama, H AF Ibe, M Kitano, R Murayama, H TI Viable supersymmetric model with UV insensitive anomaly mediation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STRONG CP PROBLEM; LIGHTEST HIGGS BOSON; COLD DARK-MATTER; STANDARD MODEL; N=1 SUPERGRAVITY; BREAKING; SYMMETRY; MASS; LEPTOGENESIS; DECAY AB We propose an electroweak model which is compatible with the UV insensitive anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking. The model is an extension of the next to minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) by adding vectorlike matter fields which can drive the soft scalar masses of the singlet Higgs field negative and the successful electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved. Viable parameter regions are found to preserve perturbativity of all the coupling constants up to the Planck scale. With this success, the model becomes a perfect candidate of physics beyond the standard model without the flavor changing neutral current and CP problem. The cosmology is also quite interesting. The lightest neutralino is the wino which is a perfect cold dark matter candidate assuming the nonthermal production from the gravitino decay. There is no gravitino problem because it decays before the big-bang nucleosynthesis era, and thus the thermal leptogenesis works. The cosmological domain wall problem inherent in the NMSSM is absent since the Z(3) symmetry is broken by the QCD instanton effect in the presence of the vectorlike quarks. We also briefly comment on a possible solution to the strong CP problem a la the Nelson-Barr mechanism. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Hongo, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Hongo, Japan. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 66 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 075003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.075003 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400059 ER PT J AU Lalakulich, O Paschos, EA AF Lalakulich, O Paschos, EA TI Resonance production by neutrinos: J=3/2 resonances SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-PION-PRODUCTION; CHARGED-CURRENT INTERACTIONS; MESON PRODUCTION; NUCLEON; ENERGIES; REGION AB The article contains general formulas for the production of J=3/2 resonances by neutrinos and antineutrinos. It specializes to the P-33(1232) resonance whose form factors are determined by theory and experiment and then are compared with experimental results at low and high energies. It is shown that the minimum in the low Q(2) region is a consequence of a combined effect from the vanishing of the vector form factors, the muon mass and Pauli blocking. Several improvements for the future investigations are suggested. C1 Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. EM olalakul@zylon.physik.uni-dortmund.de; paschos@physik.uni-dortmund.de NR 28 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 074003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.074003 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400031 ER PT J AU Martin, SP Tobe, K Wells, JD AF Martin, SP Tobe, K Wells, JD TI Virtual effects of light gauginos and Higgsinos: A precision electroweak analysis of split supersymmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; TAU-DECAYS; PHYSICS; RENORMALIZATION; NEUTRALINO; BREAKING; SEARCH; MSSM; FITS; MASS AB We compute corrections to precision electroweak observables in supersymmetry in the limit that scalar superpartners are very massive and decoupled. This leaves charginos and neutralinos and a standard model-like Higgs boson as the only states with unknown mass substantially affecting the analysis. We give complete formulas for the chargino and neutralino contributions, derive simple analytic results for the pure gaugino and Higgsino cases, and study the general case. We find that in all circumstances, the precision electroweak fit improves when the charginos and neutralinos are near the current direct limits. Larger Higgsino and gaugino masses worsen the fit as the theory predictions asymptotically approach those of the standard model. Since the standard model is considered by most to be an adequate fit to the precision electroweak data, an important corollary to our analysis is that all regions of parameter space allowed by direct collider constraints are also allowed by precision electroweak constraints in split supersymmetry. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Michigan, MCTP, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 68 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 073014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.073014 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400027 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y Tucker-Smith, D Tweedie, B AF Nomura, Y Tucker-Smith, D Tweedie, B TI Warped supersymmetric unification with a nonunified superparticle spectrum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID UNIFIED THEORIES; SO(10); RS1 AB We present a new supersymmetric extension of the standard model. The model is constructed in warped space, with a unified bulk symmetry broken by boundary conditions on both the Planck and TeV branes. In the supersymmetric limit, the massless spectrum contains exotic colored particles along with the particle content of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Nevertheless, the model still reproduces the MSSM prediction for gauge coupling unification and does not suffer from a proton decay problem. The exotic states acquire masses from supersymmetry breaking, making the model completely viable, but there is still the possibility that these states will be detected at the LHC. The lightest of these states is most likely A(5)(XY), the fifth component of the gauge field associated with the broken unified symmetry. Because supersymmetry is broken on the SU(5)-violating TeV brane, the gaugino masses generated at the TeV scale are completely independent of one another. We explore some of the unusual features that the superparticle spectrum might have as a consequence. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Williams Coll, Dept Phys, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA. RP Nomura, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 AR 075004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.075004 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 921LH UT WOS:000228765400060 ER PT J AU Bernstein, D AF Bernstein, D TI Simulating mesoscopic reaction-diffusion systems using the Gillespie algorithm SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID EXACT STOCHASTIC SIMULATION; COUPLED CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; FINITE-VOLUME METHODS; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; EQUATIONS AB We examine an application of the Gillespie algorithm to simulating spatially inhomogeneous reaction-diffusion systems in mesoscopic volumes such as cells and microchambers. The method involves discretizing the chamber into elements and modeling the diffusion of chemical species by the movement of molecules between neighboring elements. These transitions are expressed in the form of a set of reactions which are added to the chemical system. The derivation of the rates of these diffusion reactions is by comparison with a finite volume discretization of the heat equation on an unevenly spaced grid. The diffusion coefficient of each species is allowed to be inhomogeneous in space, including discontinuities. The resulting system is solved by the Gillespie algorithm using the fast direct method. We show that in an appropriate limit the method reproduces exact solutions of the heat equation for a purely diffusive system and the nonlinear reaction-rate equation describing the cubic autocatalytic reaction. RP Bernstein, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 50A-1148,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dhbernstein@earthlink.net NR 30 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.041103 PN 1 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GO UT WOS:000228752400005 PM 15903653 ER PT J AU Cuneo, ME Waisman, EM Lebedev, SV Chittenden, JP Stygar, WA Chandler, GA Vesey, RA Yu, EP Nash, TJ Bliss, DE Sarkisov, GS Wagoner, TC Bennett, GR Sinars, DB Porter, JL Simpson, WW Ruggles, LE Wenger, DF Garasi, CJ Oliver, BV Aragon, RA Fowler, WE Hettrick, MC Idzorek, GC Johnson, D Keller, K Lazier, SE McGurn, JS Mehlhorn, TA Moore, T Nielsen, DS Pyle, J Speas, S Struve, KW Torres, JA AF Cuneo, ME Waisman, EM Lebedev, SV Chittenden, JP Stygar, WA Chandler, GA Vesey, RA Yu, EP Nash, TJ Bliss, DE Sarkisov, GS Wagoner, TC Bennett, GR Sinars, DB Porter, JL Simpson, WW Ruggles, LE Wenger, DF Garasi, CJ Oliver, BV Aragon, RA Fowler, WE Hettrick, MC Idzorek, GC Johnson, D Keller, K Lazier, SE McGurn, JS Mehlhorn, TA Moore, T Nielsen, DS Pyle, J Speas, S Struve, KW Torres, JA TI Characteristics and scaling of tungsten-wire-array z-pinch implosion dynamics at 20 MA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Review ID X-RAY POWER; ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS; IMPLODING Z-PINCH; PLASMA FORMATION; ALUMINUM-WIRE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS; TRANSMISSION GRATINGS; DIFFERENT PHASES; DRIVEN HOHLRAUM AB We present observations for 20-MA wire-array z pinches of an extended wire ablation period of 57%+/- 3% of the stagnation time of the array and non-thin-shell implosion trajectories. These experiments were performed with 20-mm-diam wire arrays used for the double-z-pinch inertial confinement fusion experiments [M. E. Cuneo , Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 215004 (2002)] on the Z accelerator [R. B. Spielman , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)]. This array has the smallest wire-wire gaps typically used at 20 MA (209 mu m). The extended ablation period for this array indicates that two-dimensional (r-z) thin-shell implosion models that implicitly assume wire ablation and wire-to-wire merger into a shell on a rapid time scale compared to wire acceleration are fundamentally incorrect or incomplete for high-wire-number, massive (>2 mg/cm), single, tungsten wire arrays. In contrast to earlier work where the wire array accelerated from its initial position at similar to 80% of the stagnation time, our results show that very late acceleration is not a universal aspect of wire array implosions. We also varied the ablation period between 46%+/- 2% and 71%+/- 3% of the stagnation time, for the first time, by scaling the array diameter between 40 mm (at a wire-wire gap of 524 mu m) and 12 mm (at a wire-wire gap of 209 mu m), at a constant stagnation time of 100 +/- 6 ns. The deviation of the wire-array trajectory from that of a thin shell scales inversely with the ablation rate per unit mass: f(m)proportional to[dm(ablate)/dt]/m(array). The convergence ratio of the effective position of the current at peak x-ray power is similar to 3.6 +/- 0.6:1, much less than the >= 10:1 typically inferred from x-ray pinhole camera measurements of the brightest emitting regions on axis, at peak x-ray power. The trailing mass at the array edge early in the implosion appears to produce wings on the pinch mass profile at stagnation that reduces the rate of compression of the pinch. The observation of precursor pinch formation, trailing mass, and trailing current indicates that all the mass and current do not assemble simultaneously on axis. Precursor and trailing implosions appear to impact the efficiency of the conversion of current (driver energy) to x rays. An instability with the character of an m=0 sausage grows rapidly on axis at stagnation, during the rise time of pinch power. Just after peak power, a mild m=1 kink instability of the pinch occurs which is correlated with the higher compression ratio of the pinch after peak power and the decrease of the power pulse. Understanding these three-dimensional, discrete-wire implosion characteristics is critical in order to efficiently scale wire arrays to higher currents and powers for fusion applications. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87195 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Hettrick Sci, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cuneo, ME (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87195 USA. EM mecuneo@sandia.gov NR 122 TC 146 Z9 157 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 046406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.046406 PN 2 PG 43 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GP UT WOS:000228752500082 PM 15903793 ER PT J AU Lietor-Santos, JJ Fernandez-Nieves, A Marquez, M AF Lietor-Santos, JJ Fernandez-Nieves, A Marquez, M TI Electrophoresis of large polyelectrolyte-coated colloidal particles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID POLYSTYRENE LATEX-PARTICLES; ANALYSIS LIGHT-SCATTERING; MOBILITY; DISPERSIONS; BEHAVIOR; STABILIZATION; AGGREGATION; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALS; SULFATE AB We perform electrophoretic mobility mu measurements of spherical colloidal particles coated with a charged polyelectrolyte shell versus 1:1 electrolyte concentration c. Instead of the expected Smoluchowski scaling law mu similar to c(-1/2) for large kappa a, with kappa the inverse of the Debye length, we find that mu scales as mu similar to c(-1/3). We account for this result using a general theory for the electrophoresis of soft particles [H. Ohshima, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 62, 189 (1995)] combined with the salt concentration dependence of the shell thickness, as described by Pincus [P. Pincus, Macromolecules 24, 2912 (1991)]. C1 Univ Almeria, Dept Appl Phys, Grp Complex Fluids Phys, Almeria 04120, Spain. PMUSA, New Technol Res Dept, INEST Grp, Richmond, VA 23234 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Univ Almeria, Dept Appl Phys, Grp Complex Fluids Phys, Almeria 04120, Spain. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 042401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.042401 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GO UT WOS:000228752400062 PM 15903710 ER PT J AU Ripoll, M Ernst, MH AF Ripoll, M Ernst, MH TI Model system for classical fluids out of equilibrium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS; LONG-TIME TAILS; ENERGY-CONSERVATION; LORENTZ GAS; PERCOLATION-THRESHOLD; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; DIFFUSION; HYDRODYNAMICS; CONDUCTION; ALGORITHM AB A model system for classical fluids out of equilibrium, referred to as a dissipative particles dynamics (DPD) solid, is studied by analytical and simulation methods. The time evolution of a DPD particle is described by a fluctuating heat equation. This DPD solid with transport based on collisional transfer (high-density mechanism) is complementary to the Lorentz gas with only kinetic transport (low-density mechanism). Combination of both models covers the qualitative behavior of transport properties of classical fluids over the full-density range. The heat diffusivity is calculated using a mean-field theory, leading to a linear-density dependence of this transport coefficient, which is exact at high densities. Subleading density corrections are obtained as well. At lower densities the model has a conductivity threshold below which heat conduction is absent. The observed threshold is explained in terms of percolation diffusion on a random proximity network. The geometrical structure of this network is the same as in continuum percolation of completely overlapping spheres, but the dynamics on this network differs from continuum percolation diffusion. Furthermore, the kinetic theory for DPD is extended to the generalized hydrodynamic regime, where the wave-number-dependent decay rates of the Fourier modes of the energy and temperature fields are calculated. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, Dept Fis Fundamental, Madrid 28040, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utrecht, Inst Theoret Phys, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Ripoll, Marisol /G-4434-2013 OI Ripoll, Marisol /0000-0001-9583-067X NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.041104 PN 1 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GO UT WOS:000228752400006 ER PT J AU Sarkisov, GS Rosenthal, SE Cochrane, KR Struve, KW Deeney, C McDaniel, DH AF Sarkisov, GS Rosenthal, SE Cochrane, KR Struve, KW Deeney, C McDaniel, DH TI Nanosecond electrical explosion of thin aluminum wires in a vacuum: Experimental and computational investigations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PLASMA FORMATION; TUNGSTEN WIRE; Z-PINCHES; DENSITY; METAL AB Experimental and computational investigations of nanosecond electrical explosion of a thin Al wire in vacuum are presented. We have demonstrated that increasing the current rate leads to increased energy deposited before voltage collapse. The experimental evidence for synchronization of the wire expansion and light emission with voltage collapse is presented. Hydrocarbons are indicated in optical spectra and their influence on breakdown physics is discussed. The radial velocity of low-density plasma reaches a value of similar to 100 km/s. The possibility of an overcritical phase transition due to high pressure is discussed. A one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation shows good agreement with experimental data. The MHD simulation demonstrates separation of the exploding wire into a high-density cold core and a low-density hot corona as well as fast rejection of the current from the wire core to the corona during voltage collapse. Important features of the dynamics for the wire core and corona follow from the MHD simulation and are discussed. C1 Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sarkisov, GS (reprint author), Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM gssarki@sandia.gov NR 33 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 046404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.046404 PN 2 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GP UT WOS:000228752500080 PM 15903791 ER PT J AU Shaftan, T Yu, LH AF Shaftan, T Yu, LH TI High-gain harmonic generation free-electron laser with variable wavelength SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SOURCE; FEL; SASE AB The external seed of the high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) free-electron laser (FEL) determines the wavelength of the output radiation. Therefore, the tunability of such a laser depends upon the tunability of the seed. In this paper, we present and discuss an alternative scheme for the tunable HGHG FEL wherein the seed's wavelength is fixed and the variations in the wavelength of radiation are achieved by tuning the accelerator. As an illustration, we apply our proposed scheme to the deep ultraviolet free electron laser (DUV FEL) at Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrating the ability to attain about a +/- 10% variation in the wavelength's tuning range. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Shaftan, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Shaftan, Timur/A-8443-2009 NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 046501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.046501 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GP UT WOS:000228752500087 PM 15903798 ER PT J AU Toussaint, R Pride, SR AF Toussaint, R Pride, SR TI Interacting damage models mapped onto Ising and percolation models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL FUSE NETWORKS; FIBER-BUNDLES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BURST AVALANCHES; PLANAR CRACKS; SPIN MODELS; FRACTURE; DISORDER; BREAKDOWN; FAILURE AB We introduce a class of damage models on regular lattices with isotropic interactions between the broken cells of the lattice. Quasistatic fiber bundles are an example. The interactions are assumed to be weak, in the sense that the stress perturbation from a broken cell is much smaller than the mean stress in the system. The system starts intact with a surface-energy threshold required to break any cell sampled from an uncorrelated quenched-disorder distribution. The evolution of this heterogeneous system is ruled by Griffith's principle which states that a cell breaks when the release in potential (elastic) energy in the system exceeds the surface-energy barrier necessary to break the cell. By direct integration over all possible realizations of the quenched disorder, we obtain the probability distribution of each damage configuration at any level of the imposed external deformation. We demonstrate an isomorphism between the distributions so obtained and standard generalized Ising models, in which the coupling constants and effective temperature in the Ising model are functions of the nature of the quenched-disorder distribution and the extent of accumulated damage. In particular, we show that damage models with global load sharing are isomorphic to standard percolation theory and that damage models with a local load sharing rule are isomorphic to the standard Ising model, and draw consequences thereof for the universality class and behavior of the autocorrelation length of the breakdown transitions corresponding to these models. We also treat damage models having more general power-law interactions, and classify the breakdown process as a function of the power-law interaction exponent. Last, we also show that the probability distribution over configurations is a maximum of Shannon's entropy under some specific constraints related to the energetic balance of the fracture process, which firmly relates this type of quenched-disorder based damage model to standard statistical mechanics. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1043 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM Renaud.Toussaint@fys.uio.no; srpride@lbl.gov RI Toussaint, Renaud/E-7067-2011 OI Toussaint, Renaud/0000-0002-3698-1934 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 046127 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.046127 PN 2 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GP UT WOS:000228752500035 PM 15903746 ER PT J AU Zhang, DZ AF Zhang, DZ TI Evolution of enduring contacts and stress relaxation in a dense granular medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID KINETIC-THEORY; FLOWS; PARTICLES; MODEL AB Particle contacts in a granular material are formed at different times and have different contact ages, the differences between current time and the times when the contacts were formed. The probability distribution of the contact ages is one of the important statistical properties of particle interactions. The rate of the probability relaxation is proved to be closely related to the stress evolution in the dense granular system. While all particle contacts contribute to the stress, the major contribution is from the contacts with long contact ages compared to the binary collision time of the particles in a dense and slow granular flow, in which particle inertia can be neglected. There is a spectrum of relaxation times in the probability distribution of contact ages. These relaxation times result in different time scales of stress relaxation. As an example, the relations among stress, strain, and the strain rate are studied for a dense granular material undergoing an oscillatory simple shear. The interaction of the time scales determines the fluidlike or solidlike behavior of the material. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, DZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam Grp, T-3,B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2005 VL 71 IS 4 AR 041303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.041303 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 921GO UT WOS:000228752400016 PM 15903664 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Frisch, H Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guimaraes da Costa, J Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE 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Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D 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Saarikko, H Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stefanini, A Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of partial widths and search for direct CP violation in D-0 meson decays to K-K+ and pi(-)pi(+) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; NONLEPTONIC DECAYS; CHARMED MESONS; CDF; TRACKER AB We present a measurement of relative partial widths and decay rate CP asymmetries in K-K+ and pi(-)pi(+) decays of D-0 mesons produced in p(p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV. We use a sample of 2x10(5) D*+-> D-0 pi(+) (and charge conjugate) decays with the D-0 decaying to K-pi(+), K-K+, and pi(-)pi(+), corresponding to 123 pb(-1) of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. No significant direct CP violation is observed. We measure Gamma(D-0 -> K-K+)/Gamma(D-0 -> K-pi(+)) = 0.0992 +/- 0.0011 +/- 0.0012, Gamma(D-0 ->pi(-)pi(+))/Gamma(D-0 -> K-pi(+)) = 0.035 94 +/- 0.000 54 +/- 0.000 40, A(CP)(K-K+) = (2.0 +/- 1.2 +/- 0.6)%, and A(CP)(pi(-)pi(+)) = (1.0 +/- 1.3 +/- 0.6)%, where, in all cases, the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08139 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. 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RI Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015 OI Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; Jun, Soon Yung/0000-0003-3370-6109; Toback, David/0000-0003-3457-4144; Hays, Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Torre, Stefano/0000-0002-7565-0118; Miquel, Ramon/0000-0002-6610-4836; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Lami, Stefano/0000-0001-9492-0147; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Casarsa, Massimo/0000-0002-1353-8964; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462 NR 23 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 122001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.122001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600010 PM 15903906 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, D David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, D David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Deuteron and antideuteron production in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; AU-AU COLLISIONS; COALESCENCE AB The production of deuterons and antideuterons in the transverse momentum range 1.1 < p(T)< 4.3 GeV/c at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV has been studied by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. A coalescence analysis, comparing the deuteron and antideuteron spectra with that of proton and antiproton, has been performed. The coalescence probability is equal for both deuterons and antideuterons and it increases as a function of p(T), which is consistent with an expanding collision zone. Comparing (anti)proton yields, (p) over bar /p = 0.73 +/- 0.01, with (anti)deuteron yields, (d) over bar /d = 0.47 +/- 0.03, we estimate that (n) over bar /n = 0.64 +/- 0.04. The nucleon phase space density is estimated from the coalescence measurement. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys RMKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017; Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; NR 29 TC 124 Z9 125 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 122302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.122302 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600013 PM 15903909 ER PT J AU Austin, RH Xie, AH van der Meer, L Redlich, B Lindgard, PA Frauenfelder, H Fu, D AF Austin, RH Xie, AH van der Meer, L Redlich, B Lindgard, PA Frauenfelder, H Fu, D TI Picosecond thermometer in the amide I band of myoglobin SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-SPECTRA; ENERGY LANDSCAPE; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN; ACETANILIDE; PROBE AB The amide I and II bands in myoglobin show a heterogeneous temperature dependence, with bands at 6.17 and 6.43 mu m which are more intense at low temperatures. The amide I band temperature dependence is on the long wavelength edge of the band, while the short wavelength side has almost no temperature dependence. We compare concepts of anharmonic solid-state crystal physics and chemical physics for the origins of these bands. We suggest that the long wavelength side is composed of those amino acids which hydrogen bond to the hydration shell of the protein, and that temperature dependent bands can be used to determine the time it takes vibrational energy to flow into the hydration shell. We determine that vibrational energy flow to the hydration shell from the amide I takes approximately 20 ps to occur. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. FOM, Inst Plasma Phys, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Danish Tech Univ, QUP Ctr, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Austin, RH (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Redlich, Britta/F-9689-2015 NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 128101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.128101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600068 PM 15903964 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Hauer, M Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Seals, H Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Hauer, M Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Seals, H Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B TI Energy dependence of elliptic flow over a large pseudorapidity range in Au plus Au collisions at the BNL relativistic heavy ion collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB This Letter describes the measurement of the energy dependence of elliptic flow for charged particles in Au+Au collisions using the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data taken at collision energies of root s(NN) = 19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are shown over a wide range in pseudorapidity. These results, when plotted as a function of eta' = vertical bar eta vertical bar - y(beam), scale with approximate linearity throughout eta('), implying no sharp changes in the dynamics of particle production as a function of pseudorapidity or increasing beam energy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; OI Reuter, Michael/0000-0003-3881-8310; Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 19 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 122303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.122303 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600014 PM 15903910 ER PT J AU Chen, L Johnson, JK AF Chen, L Johnson, JK TI Formation of odd-numbered clusters of CO2 adsorbed on nanotube bundles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MONTE-CARLO; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; ADSORPTION; MOLECULES; ENERGY; GASES; ATOMS; SOLIDS; MODEL AB Simulations show that CO2 adsorbed in the groove sites of carbon nanotubes displays unique quasi-one-dimensional behavior. Clusters containing only odd numbers of molecules are formed at finite CO2 coverages and low temperatures. The molecules are orientationally ordered with respect to the nanotube groove axis and azimuthally ordered in the plane perpendicular to the groove axis. This ordering is a result of a delicate balance between solid-fluid and fluid-fluid forces; the CO2 quadrupole plays a critical role in the cluster formation and orientational ordering. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Chen, L (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM karlj@pitt.edu RI Chen, Liang/B-3418-2008; Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 125701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.125701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600042 PM 15903938 ER PT J AU Fries, RJ Bass, SA Muller, B AF Fries, RJ Bass, SA Muller, B TI Correlated emission of hadrons from recombination of correlated partons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-ANTIQUARK RECOMBINATION; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; FRAGMENTATION; COLLISIONS; REGION AB We discuss different sources of hadron correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We show that correlations among partons in a quasithermal medium can lead to the correlated emission of hadrons by quark recombination and argue that this mechanism offers a plausible explanation for the dihadron correlations in the few GeV/c momentum range observed in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fries, RJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. OI Bass, Steffen/0000-0002-9451-0954 NR 28 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 122301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.122301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600012 PM 15903908 ER PT J AU Goncharov, AF Goldman, N Fried, LE Crowhurst, JC Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ Zaug, JM AF Goncharov, AF Goldman, N Fried, LE Crowhurst, JC Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ Zaug, JM TI Dynamic ionization of water under extreme conditions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; MELTING CURVE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMAL EXPANSIVITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HIGH-PRESSURE; BULK MODULUS; ICE-VII; GPA; RAMAN AB Raman spectroscopy in a laser heated diamond anvil cell and first principles molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study water in the temperature range 300 to 1500 K and at pressures to 56 GPa. We find a substantial decrease in the intensity of the O-H stretch mode in the liquid phase with pressure, and a change in slope of the melting line at 47 GPa and 1000 K. Consistent with these observations, theoretical calculations show that water beyond 50 GPa is "dynamically ionized" in that it consists of very short-lived (< 10 fs) H2O, H3O+, and OH- species, and also that the mobility of the oxygen ions decreases abruptly with pressure, while hydrogen ions remain very mobile. We suggest that this regime corresponds to a superionic state. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Goncharov, AF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 28 TC 126 Z9 127 U1 6 U2 52 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 125508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.125508 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600039 PM 15903935 ER PT J AU Htoon, H O'Connell, MJ Doorn, SK Klimov, VI AF Htoon, H O'Connell, MJ Doorn, SK Klimov, VI TI Single carbon nanotubes probed by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy: The role of phonon-assisted transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; FLUORESCENCE; SCATTERING AB We study light absorption mechanisms in semiconducting carbon nanotubes using low-temperature, single-nanotube photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. In addition to purely electronic transitions, we observe several strong phonon-assisted bands due to excitation of one or more phonon modes together with the first electronic state. In contrast with a small width of emission lines (sub-meV to a few meV), most of the photoluminescence excitation features have significant linewidths of tens of meV. All of these observations indicate very strong electron-phonon coupling that allows efficient excitation of electronic states via phonon-assisted processes and leads to ultrafast intraband relaxation due to inelastic electron-phonon scattering. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Klimov, VI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM klimov@lanl.gov OI Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896 NR 25 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 127403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.127403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600065 PM 15903961 ER PT J AU Itatani, J Zeidler, D Levesque, J Spanner, M Villeneuve, DM Corkum, PB AF Itatani, J Zeidler, D Levesque, J Spanner, M Villeneuve, DM Corkum, PB TI Controlling high harmonic generation with molecular wave packets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PULSES; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; LIGHT AB We show that, by controlling the alignment of molecules, we can influence the high harmonic generation process. We observed strong intensity modulation and spectral shaping of high harmonics produced with a rotational wave packet in a low-density gas of N-2 or O-2. In N-2, where the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) has sigma(g) symmetry, the maximum signal occurs when the molecules are aligned along the laser polarization while the minimum occurs when it is perpendicular. In O-2, where the HOMO has pi(g) symmetry, the harmonics are enhanced when the molecules are aligned around 45 degrees to the laser polarization. The symmetry of the molecular orbital can be read by harmonics. Molecular wave packets offer a means of shaping attosecond pulses. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. INRS Energie Mat & Telecommun, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S2, Canada. Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Itatani, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jitatani@lbl.gov RI Itatani, Jiro/A-3105-2008; Villeneuve, David/I-4140-2012 OI Itatani, Jiro/0000-0002-4023-7489; Villeneuve, David/0000-0002-2810-3648 NR 26 TC 190 Z9 192 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 123902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.123902 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600025 PM 15903921 ER PT J AU Liu, J Schmalian, J Trivedi, N AF Liu, J Schmalian, J Trivedi, N TI Pairing and superconductivity driven by strong quasiparticle renormalization in two-dimensional organic charge transfer salts SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC TRIANGULAR LATTICE; HUBBARD-MODEL; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MOTT TRANSITION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; C-13 NMR; STATE; RELAXATION; HEISENBERG AB We introduce and analyze a variational wave function for quasi-two-dimensional kappa-(ET)(2) organic salts containing strong local and nonlocal correlation effects. We find an unconventional superconducting ground state for intermediate charge carrier interaction, sandwiched between a conventional metal at weak coupling and a spin liquid at larger coupling. Most remarkably, the excitation spectrum is dramatically renormalized and is found to be the driving force for the formation of the unusual superconducting state. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Theoret Phys, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011; Liu, Jun/F-1240-2014 NR 42 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 127003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.127003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600056 PM 15903952 ER PT J AU Padilla-Rodal, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Baktash, C Batchelder, JC Beene, JR Bijker, R Brown, BA Castanos, O Fuentes, B del Campo, JG Hausladen, PA Larochelle, Y Lisetskiy, AF Mueller, PE Radford, DC Stracener, DW Urrego, JP Varner, RL Yu, CH AF Padilla-Rodal, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Baktash, C Batchelder, JC Beene, JR Bijker, R Brown, BA Castanos, O Fuentes, B del Campo, JG Hausladen, PA Larochelle, Y Lisetskiy, AF Mueller, PE Radford, DC Stracener, DW Urrego, JP Varner, RL Yu, CH TI B(E2)up arrow measurements for radioactive neutron-rich Ge isotopes: Reaching the N=50 closed shell SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERACTING BOSON MODEL; COULOMB-EXCITATION; NUCLEI; COEXISTENCE AB The B(E2;0(1)(+)-> 2(1)(+)) values for the radioactive neutron-rich germanium isotopes Ge-78,Ge-80 and the closed neutron shell nucleus Ge-82 were measured at the HRIBF using Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. These data allow a study of the systematic trend between the subshell closures at N=40 and 50. The B(E2) behavior approaching N=50 is similar to the trend observed for heavier isotopic chains. A comparison of the experimental results with a shell model calculation demonstrates persistence of the N=50 shell gap and a strong sensitivity of the B(E2) values to the effective interaction. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Padilla-Rodal, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI radford, David/A-3928-2015 NR 22 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 122501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.122501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600015 PM 15903911 ER PT J AU Parks, PB Baylor, LR AF Parks, PB Baylor, LR TI Effect of parallel flows and toroidicity on cross-field transport of pellet ablation matter in tokamak plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INJECTION AB The first complete set of time-dependent equations describing the cross-field drift of ionized pellet ablation matter in tokamak plasma caused by polarization in the nonuniform magnetic field has been developed and solved numerically. Important new features impacting the drift dynamics have been identified, including the effect of pressure profile variations in the tokamak plasma, curvature drive by near-sonic field-aligned (parallel) flows, and the rotational transform of the magnetic field lines, and are considered from the viewpoint of the parallel vorticity equation. These new features are necessary to obtain favorable quantitative agreement between theory and experimental fuel deposition profiles for both inner and outer wall launched pellet injection cases on the DIII-D tokamak. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Parks, PB (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 7 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 125002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.125002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600029 PM 15903925 ER PT J AU Shnirman, A Schon, G Martin, I Makhlin, Y AF Shnirman, A Schon, G Martin, I Makhlin, Y TI Low- and high-frequency noise from coherent two-level systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 1/F NOISE; TEMPERATURE; FLUCTUATIONS; RELAXATION; CONDUCTORS; METALS AB Recent experiments indicate a connection between the low- and high-frequency noises affecting superconducting quantum systems. We explore the possibilities that both noises can be produced by one ensemble of microscopic modes, made up, e.g., by sufficiently coherent two-level systems (TLS's). This implies a relation between the noise power in different frequency domains, which depends on the distribution of the parameters of the TLS's. We show that a distribution, natural for tunneling TLS's, with a log-uniform distribution in the tunnel splitting and linear distribution in the bias, accounts for experimental observations. C1 Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia. RP Shnirman, A (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, Kaiserstr 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. RI Schon, Gerd/A-3582-2008 NR 30 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 127002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.127002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600055 PM 15903951 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, SG Liao, XZ Baskes, MI McCabe, RJ Zhao, YH Zhu, YT AF Srinivasan, SG Liao, XZ Baskes, MI McCabe, RJ Zhao, YH Zhu, YT TI Compact and dissociated dislocations in aluminum: Implications for deformation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; INTERNAL-FRICTION; PEAK; RELAXATION; MECHANISM; METALS AB Atomistic simulations, confirmed by electron microscopy, show that dislocations in aluminum can have compact or dissociated cores. The calculated minimum stress (sigma(P)) required to move an edge dislocation is approximately 20 times smaller for dissociated than for equivalent compact dislocations. This contradicts the well accepted generalized stacking fault energy paradigm that predicts similar sigma(P) values for both configurations. Additionally, Frank's rule and the Schmid law are also violated because dislocation core energies become important. These results may help settle a 50-year-old puzzle regarding the magnitude of sigma(P) in face-centered-cubic metals, and provide new insights into the deformation of ultra-fine-grained metals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Srinivasan, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sgsrini@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Zhao, Yonghao/A-8521-2009; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; NR 18 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 125502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.125502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600033 PM 15903929 ER PT J AU Yuan, VW Bowman, JD Funk, DJ Morgan, GL Rabie, RL Ragan, CE Quintana, JP Stacy, HL AF Yuan, VW Bowman, JD Funk, DJ Morgan, GL Rabie, RL Ragan, CE Quintana, JP Stacy, HL TI Shock temperature measurement using neutron resonance spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; MOLYBDENUM; COMPRESSION; RADIOGRAPHY; TPA AB We report a direct measurement of temperature in a shocked metal using Doppler broadening of neutron resonances. The 21.1-eV resonance in W-182 was used to measure the temperature in molybdenum shocked to similar to 63 GPa. An explosively launched aluminum flyer produced a planar shock in a molybdenum target that contained a 1-mm thick layer doped with 1.7 at. %W-182. A single neutron pulse, containing resonant neutrons of less than 1 mu s duration, probed the shocked material. Fits to the neutron time-of-flight data were used to determine the temperature of the shocked molybdenum. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yuan, VW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 125504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.125504 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600035 PM 15903931 ER PT J AU Zioutas, K Andriamonje, S Arsov, V Aune, S Autiero, D Avignone, FT Barth, K Belov, A Beltran, B Brauninger, H Carmona, JM Cebrian, S Chesi, E Collar, JI Creswick, R Dafni, T Davenport, M Di Lella, L Eleftheriadis, C Englhauser, J Fanourakis, G Farach, H Ferrer, E Fischer, H Franz, J Friedrich, P Geralis, T Giomataris, I Gninenko, S Goloubev, N Hasinoff, MD Heinsius, FH Hoffmann, DHH Irastorza, IG Jacoby, J Kang, D Konigsmann, K Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Kousouris, K Kuster, M Lakic, B Lasseur, C Liolios, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Luzon, G Miller, DW Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Ortiz, A Papaevangelou, T Placci, A Raffelt, G Ruz, J Riege, H Sarsa, ML Savvidis, I Serber, W Serpico, P Semertzidis, Y Stewart, L Vieira, JD Villar, J Walckiers, L Zachariadou, K AF Zioutas, K Andriamonje, S Arsov, V Aune, S Autiero, D Avignone, FT Barth, K Belov, A Beltran, B Brauninger, H Carmona, JM Cebrian, S Chesi, E Collar, JI Creswick, R Dafni, T Davenport, M Di Lella, L Eleftheriadis, C Englhauser, J Fanourakis, G Farach, H Ferrer, E Fischer, H Franz, J Friedrich, P Geralis, T Giomataris, I Gninenko, S Goloubev, N Hasinoff, MD Heinsius, FH Hoffmann, DHH Irastorza, IG Jacoby, J Kang, D Konigsmann, K Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Kousouris, K Kuster, M Lakic, B Lasseur, C Liolios, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Luzon, G Miller, DW Morales, A Morales, J Mutterer, M Nikolaidis, A Ortiz, A Papaevangelou, T Placci, A Raffelt, G Ruz, J Riege, H Sarsa, ML Savvidis, I Serber, W Serpico, P Semertzidis, Y Stewart, L Vieira, JD Villar, J Walckiers, L Zachariadou, K TI First results from the CERN Axion Solar Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT PRIMAKOFF CONVERSION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PARTICLE PHYSICS; MIRROR SYSTEM; DARK-MATTER; SEARCH; DETECTOR; ABRIXAS; PHOTON; DESIGN AB Hypothetical axionlike particles with a two-photon interaction would be produced in the sun by the Primakoff process. In a laboratory magnetic field ("axion helioscope"), they would be transformed into x-rays with energies of a few keV. Using a decommissioned Large Hadron Collider test magnet, the CERN Axion Solar Telescope ran for about 6 months during 2003. The first results from the analysis of these data are presented here. No signal above background was observed, implying an upper limit to the axion-photon coupling g(a gamma)< 1.16x10(-10) GeV-1 at 95% C.L. for m(a)less than or similar to 0.02 eV. This limit, assumption-free, is comparable to the limit from stellar energy-loss arguments and considerably more restrictive than any previous experiment over a broad range of axion masses. C1 Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. Ctr Etud Nucl Saclay, CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-37075 Garching, Germany. Univ Zaragoza, Inst Fis Nucl & Altas Energias, Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, KICP, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Athens, Greece. Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Angew Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. RI Hoffmann, Dieter H.H./A-5265-2008; Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013; Kuster, Markus/C-5742-2014; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; Carmona, Jose/H-3732-2015; Papaevangelou, Thomas/G-2482-2016; Dafni, Theopisti/J-9646-2012 OI Luzon Marco, Gloria/0000-0002-5352-1884; Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Carmona, Jose/0000-0003-2264-2306; Papaevangelou, Thomas/0000-0003-2829-9158; Dafni, Theopisti/0000-0002-8921-910X NR 32 TC 235 Z9 235 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 12 AR 121301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.121301 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 912GM UT WOS:000228065600007 PM 15903903 ER PT J AU Carneiro, JP Barov, N Edwards, H Fitch, M Hartung, W Floettmann, K Schreiber, S Ferrario, M AF Carneiro, JP Barov, N Edwards, H Fitch, M Hartung, W Floettmann, K Schreiber, S Ferrario, M TI Transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics studies at the Fermilab photoinjector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID LASER AB The Fermilab photoinjector produces electron bunches of 1 - 12 nC charge with an energy of 16 - 18 MeV. Detailed measurements and optimization of the transverse emittance have been carried out for a number of beam line optics conditions, and at a number of beam line locations. The length of the bunches has also been measured, first for an uncompressed beam ( as a function of the charge) and then for a compressed beam of 8 nC charge ( as a function of the 9-cell cavity phase). These measurements are presented and compared with the simulation codes HOMDYN and ASTRA. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. RP Carneiro, JP (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM carneiro@fnal.gov RI Fitch, Michael/E-5757-2011 OI Fitch, Michael/0000-0002-2494-9486 NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 040101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.040101 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300001 ER PT J AU Compton, CC Grimm, TL Hartung, W Podlech, H York, RC Ciovati, G Kneisel, P Barni, D Pagani, C Pierini, P AF Compton, CC Grimm, TL Hartung, W Podlech, H York, RC Ciovati, G Kneisel, P Barni, D Pagani, C Pierini, P TI Prototyping of a multicell superconducting cavity for acceleration of medium-velocity beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Three 6-cell 805 MHz superconducting cavity prototypes for acceleration in the velocity range of about 0.4 to 0.53 times the speed of light have been fabricated and tested. The quality factors (Q(0)) were between 7 x 10(9) and 1.4 x 10(10) at the design field ( accelerating gradient of 8 - 10 MV/m). The maximum gradients reached were between 11 and 16 MV/m; in each case, the Q(0) values were &GE; 3 x 10(9) at the maximum gradient. The design, fabrication, surface preparation, and rf testing of the 6-cell cavities are reported in this paper. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. INFN Milano, Lab LASA, I-20090 Milan, Italy. RP Compton, CC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Pierini, Paolo/J-3555-2012; OI Pierini, Paolo/0000-0002-3062-6181; PAGANI, CARLO/0000-0003-4962-5741 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 042003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.042003 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300011 ER PT J AU Derbenev, Y Johnson, RP AF Derbenev, Y Johnson, RP TI Six-dimensional muon beam cooling using a homogeneous absorber: Concepts, beam dynamics, cooling decrements, and equilibrium emittances in a helical dipole channel SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The fast reduction of the six-dimensional phase space of muon beams is an essential requirement for muon colliders and also of great importance for neutrino factories based on accelerated muon beams. Ionization cooling, where all momentum components are degraded by an energy absorbing material and only the longitudinal momentum is restored by rf cavities, provides a means to quickly reduce transverse beam sizes. However, the beam energy spread cannot be reduced by this method unless the longitudinal emittance can be transformed or exchanged into the transverse emittance. Emittance exchange plans until now have been accomplished by using magnets to disperse the beam along the face of a wedge-shaped absorber such that higher momentum particles pass through thicker parts of the absorber and thus suffer larger ionization energy loss. In the scheme advocated in this paper, a special magnetic channel designed such that higher momentum corresponds to a longer path length, and therefore larger ionization energy loss, provides the desired emittance exchange in a homogeneous absorber without special edge shaping. Normal-conducting rf cavities imbedded in the magnetic field regenerate the energy lost in the absorber. One very attractive example of a cooling channel based on this principle uses a series of high-gradient rf cavities filled with dense hydrogen gas, where the cavities are in a magnetic channel composed of a solenoidal field with superimposed helical transverse dipole and quadrupole fields. In this scheme, the energy loss, the rf energy regeneration, the emittance exchange, and the transverse cooling happen simultaneously. The theory of this helical channel is described in some detail to support the analytical prediction of almost a factor of 106 reduction in six-dimensional phase space volume in a channel about 56 m long. Equations describing the particle beam dynamics are derived and beam stability conditions are explored. Equations describing six-dimensional cooling in this channel are also derived, including explicit expressions for cooling decrements and equilibrium emittances. C1 Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Johnson, RP (reprint author), Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rol@muonsinc.com NR 25 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 041002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.041002 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300008 ER PT J AU Huang, Z Stupakov, G AF Huang, Z Stupakov, G TI Free electron lasers with slowly varying beam and undulator parameters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; 3-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; GAIN; SIMULATION; ENERGY AB A self-consistent theory of a free electron laser (FEL) with slowly varying beam and undulator parameters is developed using the WKB approximation. The theory is applied to study the performance of a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) FEL when the electron beam energy varies along the undulator as would be caused by vacuum pipe wakefields and/or when the undulator strength parameter is tapered in the small signal regime before FEL saturation. We find that a small energy gain or an equivalent undulator taper slightly reduces the power gain length in the exponential growth regime and can increase the saturated SASE power by about a factor of 2. Power degradation away from the optimal performance can be estimated based upon knowledge of the SASE bandwidth. The analytical results, which agree with numerical simulations, are used to optimize the undulator taper and to evaluate wakefield effects. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Huang, Z (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 040702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.040702 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300003 ER PT J AU Parker, B Seryi, A AF Parker, B Seryi, A TI Compensation of the effects of a detector solenoid on the vertical beam orbit in a linear collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a method for compensating the vertical orbit change through the interaction region that arises when the beam enters the linear collider detector solenoid at a crossing angle. Such compensation is required because any deviation of the vertical orbit causes degradation of the beam size due to synchrotron radiation, and also because the nonzero total vertical angle causes rotation of the polarization vector of the bunch. Compensation is necessary to preserve the luminosity or to guarantee knowledge of the polarization at the interaction point. The most effective compensation is done locally with a special dipole coil arrangement incorporated into the detector (detector integrated dipole). The compensation is effective for both e e(+)e(-) and e(-)e(-) beams, and the technique is compatible with transverse-coupling compensation either by the standard method, using skew quadrupoles, or by a more effective method using weak antisolenoids. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Parker, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM parker@bnl.gov; seryi@slac.stanford.edu NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 041001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.041001 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300007 ER PT J AU Stupakov, G AF Stupakov, G TI Resistive wall impedance of an insert SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The standard theoretical formulas for resistive wall impedance are usually derived in a model which assumes an infinitely long pipe. In practice, one often has to deal with resistive inserts with a conductivity different from the rest of the pipe. To address this case, we calculate the resistive wall impedance when the wall conductivity varies along the axis of the pipe. We show that at not very high frequencies the impedance of an insert per unit length is given by the same formulas as for an infinitely long pipe. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stupakov, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 044401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.044401 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300013 ER PT J AU Tantawi, SG Nantista, CD Dolgashev, VA Pearson, C Nelson, J Jobe, K Chan, J Fant, K Frisch, J Atkinson, D AF Tantawi, SG Nantista, CD Dolgashev, VA Pearson, C Nelson, J Jobe, K Chan, J Fant, K Frisch, J Atkinson, D TI High-power multimode X-band rf pulse compression system for future linear colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID RESONANT DELAY-LINES; COMPACT; DESIGN AB We present a multimode X-band rf pulse compression system suitable for a TeV-scale electron-positron linear collider such as the Next Linear Collider (NLC). The NLC main linac operating frequency is 11.424 GHz. A single NLC rf unit is required to produce 400 ns pulses with 475 MW of peak power. Each rf unit should power approximately 5 m of accelerator structures. The rf unit design consists of two 75 MW klystrons and a dual-moded resonant-delay-line pulse compression system that produces a flat output pulse. The pulse compression system components are all overmoded, and most components are designed to operate with two modes. This approach allows high-power-handling capability while maintaining a compact, inexpensive system. We detail the design of this system and present experimental cold test results. We describe the design and performance of various components. The high-power testing of the system is verified using four 50 MW solenoid-focused klystrons run off a common 400 kV solid-state modulator. The system has produced 400 ns rf pulses of greater than 500 MW. We present the layout of our system, which includes a dual-moded transmission waveguide system and a dual-moded resonant line ( SLED-II) pulse compression system. We also present data on the processing and operation of this system, which has set high-power records in coherent and phase controlled pulsed rf. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tantawi, SG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 042002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.042002 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300010 ER PT J AU Zholents, AA AF Zholents, AA TI Method of an enhanced self-amplified spontaneous emission for x-ray free electron lasers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID PULSES; FEL; GENERATION AB We describe a technique by which an energy modulation of electrons via interaction with a laser pulse in a wiggler magnet is used for a significant increase of the electron peak current prior to entering a long self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free electron laser undulator. This results in a reduction of the gain length for the SASE process and a modification of the structure of the output x-ray radiation. It also temporally links the output x-ray pulse to the initial laser pulse, thus providing an opportunity for accurate synchronization between the laser pump pulse and x-ray probe pulse for pump-probe experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zholents, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 AR 040701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.040701 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 924RZ UT WOS:000228999300002 ER PT J AU Colella, M Lumpkin, GR Zhang, Z Buck, EC Smith, KL AF Colella, M Lumpkin, GR Zhang, Z Buck, EC Smith, KL TI Determination of the uranium valence state in the brannerite structure using EELS, XPS, and EDX SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE uranium; EELS; brannerite; valence ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; ALPHA-DECAY DAMAGE; BRANCHING RATIO; PLUTONIUM; MINERALS; SYNROC; CHEMISTRY; ELEMENTS; PHASES; OXIDES AB In this study, the valence states of uranium in synthetic and natural brannerite samples were studied using a combination of transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. We used a set of five (UO2, CaUO4, SrCa2UO6, UTi2O6, and Y0.5U0.5Ti2O6) U standard samples, including two synthetic brannerites, to calibrate the EELS branching ratio, M-5/(M-4+M-5) against the number of f electrons. The EELS data were collected at liquid nitrogen temperature in order to minimise the effects of electron beam reduction of U6+ and U5+. Test samples consisted of three additional synthetic brannerites (Th0.7U0.3Ti2O6, Ca0.2U0.8Ti2O6, and Th0.55U0.3- Ca0.15Ti2O6) and three natural brannerites from different localities. The natural brannerite samples are all completely amorphous, due to cumulative alpha decay events over geological time periods (24-508 Ma). Our U valence calibration results are in reasonable agreement with previous work, suggesting possibly a non-linear relationship between the branching ratio and the number off electrons (and hence the average valence state) of U in solids. We found excellent agreement between the nominal valence states of U and the average valence states determined directly by EELS and estimated by EDX analysis (with assumptions regarding stoichiometry) in two of the three synthetic brannerite test samples. The average U oxidation states of the five synthetic brannerite samples, as derived from XPS analyses, are also in good agreement with those determined by other techniques. The average valence states of U in three amorphous (metamict) natural brannerite samples with alpha decay doses ranging from 3.6x 10(16) to 6.9x10(17) alpha/Mg were found to be 4.4, 4.7, and 4.8, consistent with the presence of U5+ and/or U6+ as well as U4+ in these samples. These results are in general agreement with previous wet chemical analyses of natural brannerite. However, the average valence states inferred by SEM-EDX for two of the natural brannerite samples do not show satisfactory agreement with the EELS determined valence. This may be due to the occurrence of OH- groups, cation vacancies, anion vacancies, or excess oxygen in the radiation-damaged structure of natural brannerite. C1 Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge Ctr Ceram Immobilisat, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiochem Proc Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Colella, M (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. EM m.colella@ansto.gov.au RI Lumpkin, Gregory/A-7558-2008; Zhang, Zhaoming/C-1548-2009; Buck, Edgar/D-4288-2009; Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Zhang, Zhaoming/0000-0003-3273-8889; Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 NR 36 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD APR PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 52 EP 64 DI 10.1007/s00269-004-0444-5 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 931IH UT WOS:000229478500007 ER PT J AU Weda, J Tjon, JA AF Weda, J Tjon, JA TI Effects of perturbative exchanges in a QCD string model SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID QUARK MODELS; BARYONS; VACUUM; MESONS; GAUGES; DECAY AB The QCD string model for baryons derived by Yu.A. Simonov and used for the calculation of baryon magnetic moments in a previous paper is extended to include also perturbative gluon and meson exchanges. The mass spectrum of the baryon multiplet is studied. For the meson interaction, either pseudoscalar or pseudovector coupling is used. Predictions are compared with the experimental data. Besides these exchanges, the influence of excited quark orbitals on the baryon ground state are considered by performing a multichannel calculation. The nucleon-&UDelta; splitting increases due to the mixing of higher quark states, while the baryon magnetic momenta decrease. The multichannel calculation with perturbative exchanges is shown to yield reasonable magnetic moments, while the mass spectrum is close to experiment. © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc. C1 Univ Utrecht, Inst Theoret Phys, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. RP Weda, J (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Inst Theoret Phys, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. OI Weda, Hans/0000-0001-6675-2270 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD APR PY 2005 VL 68 IS 4 BP 591 EP 608 DI 10.1134/1.1903089 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 923CP UT WOS:000228886800007 ER PT J AU Goity, JL AF Goity, JL TI 1/N-c countings in Baryons SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID LARGE-N-C; EXCITED BARYONS; MASS SPLITTINGS; QUARK-MODEL; EXPANSION; QCD; SYMMETRY; BREAKING; DECAYS; LIMIT AB The 1/N-c-power countings for baryon decays and configuration mixings are determined by means of a nonrelativistic quark picture. Such countings are expected to be robust under changes in the quark masses and, therefore, valid as these become light. It is shown that excited baryons have natural widths of O(N-c(0)). These dominant widths are due to the decays that proceed directly to the ground-state baryons, with cascade decays being suppressed to O(1/N-c). Configuration mixings, defined as mixings between states belonging to different O(3) x SU(2N(f)) multiplets, are shown to be subleading in an expansion in 1/&RADIC; N-c when they involve the ground-state baryons, while the mixings between excited states can be O(N-c(0)). © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Thomas Jefferson natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Goity, JL (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD APR PY 2005 VL 68 IS 4 BP 624 EP 633 DI 10.1134/1.1903092 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 923CP UT WOS:000228886800010 ER PT J AU Dumont, R Phillips, CK Smithe, DN AF Dumont, R Phillips, CK Smithe, DN TI Effects of non-Maxwellian species on ion cyclotron waves propagation and absorption in magnetically confined plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; DIELECTRIC TENSOR; MIRROR MODES; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Magnetically confined plasmas can contain significant concentrations of nonthermal particles, arising from neutral beam injection, fusion reactions, shock. heating, or wave-driven acceleration. of resonant plasma species. The associated distribution functions can depart significantly from Maxwellians, which may impact the propagation and absorption of radio frequency waves. The potential effect of, these particles has been investigated using a full-wave code that has been extended to handle gyrotropic, but otherwise arbitrary distribution functions. This code has been used to numerically simulate ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) in magnetic fusion plasmas in which coresonant neutral beam injection (NBI) heating may also be applied. The presence of nonthermal ion populations generated by the NBI can alter the ICRH characteristics. Two situations involving ion cyclotron range of frequency waves are presented: fast wave to ion Bernstein wave mode conversion and. high harmonic fast wave electron heating. In both cases, the adequacy of an equivalent Maxwellian-based description is discussed. Results indicate that the absorption profiles are more strongly affected than the wave fields by the presence of nonthermal species. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ctr Cadarache, CEA, DSM DRFC, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. ATK Mission Res Corp, Newington, VA 22122 USA. RP Ctr Cadarache, CEA, DSM DRFC, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM remi.dumom@cea.fr RI Dumont, Remi/D-3840-2009 NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 AR 042508 DI 10.1063/1.1881472 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 922UR UT WOS:000228865900036 ER PT J AU Makhin, V Siemon, RE Bauer, BS Esaulov, A Lindemuth, IR Sotnikov, VI Ryutov, DD Sheehey, PT AF Makhin, V Siemon, RE Bauer, BS Esaulov, A Lindemuth, IR Sotnikov, VI Ryutov, DD Sheehey, PT TI Self-organization observed in numerical simulations of a hard-core diffuse Z pinch SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZED TARGET FUSION; SHEARED FLOW STABILIZATION; PLASMA; IGNITION; FIELD; TRANSPORT; STABILITY; EQUATIONS; DIPOLE; BEAMS AB A hard-core Z-pinch plasma (metal conductor on axis) with an unstable pressure profile can rearrange itself through m=0 interchange motions to produce a stable pressure profile. In this paper the self-organization process is demonstrated in numerical simulations of an experimental plasma formation process, using a two-dimensional compressible two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic code. The stabilization process results in m=0 turbulence, which has a level of kinetic energy that is saturated typically at a few percent of the plasma thermal energy. Using idealized initial conditions for simulations with an axial sinusoidal density perturbation, it is possible to observe. in detail the development of instability and then turbulence. At first a coherent Rayleigh-Taylor type motion grows exponentially, With localized isentropic heating and cooling associated with the motion. Then the bubble and, spike structure breaks up and incoherent m=0 turbulence develops. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM siemon@unr.edu NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 AR 042312 DI 10.1063/1.1868717 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 922UR UT WOS:000228865900028 ER PT J AU Rewoldt, G Budny, RV Tang, WM AF Rewoldt, G Budny, RV Tang, WM CA EFDA-JET Workprogram TI Multispecies density and temperature gradient dependence of quasilinear particle and energy fluxes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MODE DISCHARGES; TRANSPORT; TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK; SIMULATIONS; PHYSICS; JET AB The variations of the normalized quasilinear particle and energy fluxes with artificial changes in the density and temperature gradients, as well as the variations of the linear growth rates and real frequencies, for ion temperature gradient and trapped-electron modes, are calculated. The quasilinear fluxes,are normalized to the total energy flux, summed over all species. Here, realistic cases for tokamaks and spherical torii are considered which have two impurity species, specifically cases for the Joint European Torus (JET) [P. H. Rebut and B. E. Keen, Fusion Technol. 11, 13 (1987)] and the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono, S. M Kaye, Y.-K. M. Peng et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)]. For situations where there are substantial changes in the normalized fluxes, the "diffusive approximation," in which the normalized fluxes are taken to be linear in the gradients, is seen to be inaccurate. In the case of artificial changes in density or temperature gradients, changes in the fluxes of different species ("off-diagonal") generally are significant, or even dominant, compared to those for the same species ("diagonal"). (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Rewoldt, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM grewoldt@pppl.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 AR 042506 DI 10.1063/1.1867499 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 922UR UT WOS:000228865900034 ER PT J AU Tang, XZ Boozer, AH AF Tang, XZ Boozer, AH TI Flux amplification in helicity injected spherical tori SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT DRIVE; STEADY-STATE; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PLASMA; RELAXATION; SPHEROMAK; SUSTAINMENT AB An important measure of the effective current drive by helicity injection into spheromaks and spherical tori is provided by the flux amplification factor, defined as the ratio between the closed poloidal flux in the relaxed mean field and the initial injector vacuum poloidal flux. Flux amplification in magnetic helicity injection is governed by a resonant behavior for Taylor-relaxed plasmas satisfying j = kB. Under the finite net toroidal flux constraint in a spherical torus (ST), the constrained linear resonance k(1)(c) is upshifted substantially from the primary Jensen-Chu resonance k(1) that was known to be responsible for flux amplification in spheromak formation. Standard coaxial helicity injection into a ST operates at large M, with M the characteristic dimensionless parameter defined as the ratio between the toroidal flux in the discharge chamber and the injector poloidal flux. Meaningful flux amplification for ST plasmas is limited by a critical k(r) at which edge toroidal field reverses its direction. The k(r) is downshifted from k(1) by a small amount inversely proportional to M. The maximum flux amplification factor A(r) equivalent to A(k = k(r)) scales linearly with M. At the other end of k, substantial flux amplification A(k = k(o)) similar to 1 becomes available for k(o) that scales inversely proportional to M, a significant departure from that in spheromak formation. These important parameters follow the inequality k(o) < k(r) < k(1) < k(1)(c). Even though A(r) is greater than M in a typical ST, detailed q-profile considerations further constrain the maximum useful flux amplification factor in a ST to be smaller than M. The scaling laws are given analytically in the asymptotic limit of M >> 1, but numerical solutions indicate that they are useful even for M similar to 1. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM xtang@lanl.gov NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 AR 042113 DI 10.1063/1.1884127 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 922UR UT WOS:000228865900016 ER PT J AU Thoma, C Welch, DR Yu, SS Henestroza, E Roy, PK Eylon, S Gilson, EP AF Thoma, C Welch, DR Yu, SS Henestroza, E Roy, PK Eylon, S Gilson, EP TI Comparison of experimental data and three-dimensional simulations of ion beam neutralization from the Neutralized Transport Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CHAMBER TRANSPORT; FUSION; CHARGE; PHYSICS; PLASMA AB The Neutralized Transport Experiment at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been designed to study the final focus and neutralization of high perveance ion beams [E. Henestroza, S. Eylon, P. Roy, S. Yu, A. Anders, F. Bieniosek, W. Greenway, B. Logan, R. MacGill, D. Shuman et al., Phys. Rev. ST-Accel. Beams 7, 083501 (2004)]. Preformed plasmas in the last meter before the target of the scaled experiment provide a source of electrons which neutralize the ion current and prevent the space-charge-induced spreading of the beam spot. Neutralized Transport Experiment physics issues are discussed and experimental data are analyzed and compared with three-dimensional (313) particle-in-cell simulations. Along with detailed target images, 4D phase-space data at the entrance of the neutralization region have been acquired. These data are used to provide a more accurate beam distribution with which to initialize the simulation. Previous treatments have used various idealized beam distributions which lack the detailed features of the experimental ion beam images. Simulation results are compared with experimental measurements for K+ ion beams (similar to 250 keV) with dimensionless perveance of (1 - 7) X 10(-4). In both simulation and experiment, the deduced, beam charge neutralization is encouraging for heavy ion fusion and high energy density physics applications. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 ATK Mission Res, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP ATK Mission Res, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2005 VL 12 IS 4 AR 043102 DI 10.1063/1.1854174 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 922UR UT WOS:000228865900048 ER PT J AU Bolaric, S Barth, S Melchinger, AE Posselt, UK AF Bolaric, S Barth, S Melchinger, AE Posselt, UK TI Genetic diversity in European perennial ryegrass cultivars investigated with RAPD markers SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Lolium perenne; RAPD marker; diversity; cultivars; Rogers' distance; minimum sample size ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; DACTYLOIDES NUTT ENGELM; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS; L.; VARIETIES AB Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important grass species for temperate grassland agriculture. The genetic relationship and distance among cultivars is largely unknown but of great interest for breeding programmes. The objectives of this study were to (i) investigate the molecular variation and structure of population cultivars, (ii) describe the relationship among cultivars in terms of the modified Rogers' distance, and (iii) determine the minimum sample size required for characterization of cultivars of L. perenne using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 22 ryegrass cultivars, mainly of European origin, were investigated with RAPD markers. The minimum sample size required for the characterization of cultivars was about 20 individuals per population. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a much larger genetic variation within cultivars (66%) than between them (34%). C1 Univ Hohenheim, State Plant Breeding Inst, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. Univ Hohenheim, Inst Plant Breeding Populat Genet & Seed Sci, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Posselt, UK (reprint author), Univ Hohenheim, State Plant Breeding Inst, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. EM posselt@uni-hohenheim.de RI Barth, Susanne/P-3366-2014 OI Barth, Susanne/0000-0002-4104-5964 NR 31 TC 33 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA KURFURSTENDAMM 58, D-10707 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD APR PY 2005 VL 124 IS 2 BP 161 EP 166 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01032.x PG 6 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 912FZ UT WOS:000228064300011 ER PT J AU Du, S Ellingwood, BR Cox, JV AF Du, S Ellingwood, BR Cox, JV TI Solution methods and initialization techniques in SFE analysis of structural stability SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE computational mechanics; engineering mechanics; inverse iteration; Monte Carlo simulation; probability; reliability; stochastic stability; structural engineering ID RELIABILITY; COLUMN AB Computational efficiency is a significant issue in simulation-based stochastic stability analysis of structures with random material properties. The efficiency of the analysis is affected by the selection of eigenproblem solution method and, for a specific eigensolution, how the iterations are initialized. This study applies the inverse and shifted inverse iteration methods to solve the eigensystem for the lowest eigenpair (the smallest buckling load and corresponding buckled shape). The efficiency and accuracy of these two methods are investigated in combination with several initialization strategies to start the solution processes. Among these strategies is a novel tree-type ordering strategy. The impact of the use of the solution methods and initialization strategies on the efficiency of the stochastic stability analysis is investigated and is illustrated in analyses of three systems: a sway frame, a column with a spring support at the mid-span, and a two-bay frame structure. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Huaxin Insurance Brokers, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ellingwood, BR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, 790 Atlant Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM bruce.ellingwood@ce.gatech.edu NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD APR PY 2005 VL 20 IS 2 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2005.05.002 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA 956VW UT WOS:000231329100007 ER PT J AU Peterson, PD Idar, DJ AF Peterson, PD Idar, DJ TI Microstructural differences between virgin and recycled lots of PBX 9502 SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE PBX 9502; virgin; recycled; microstructure AB PBX 9502 is an insensitive high explosive formulated comprised of 95 wt% TATB and 5 wt% Kel-F 800 binder. Due to the relatively high cost of manufacturing TATB (triaminotrini-trobenzene), methods for reclaiming TATB from PBX 9502 machine cuttings were previously developed. Reclaimed PBX 9502 was mixed with similar to 50% virgin PBX 9502 to produce "recycled" lots of PBX 9502. Several studies have shown significant differences between the mechanical properties of virgin and recycled lots of PBX 9502, and postulated that the differences were related to various aspects of TATB particle size and distribution. The purpose of this study is to show that these differences in mechanical properties are related to differences in the distribution of TATB within the microstructure of PBX 9502. Ultimately, a better understanding of these properties may lead to selected formulation changes for future rebuilds, Lifetime Extension Programs (LEP) and/or candidate replacements to enhance engineering and physics performance. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Peterson, PD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM pdp@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2005 VL 30 IS 2 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1002/prep.200400088 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 923WS UT WOS:000228940800002 ER PT J AU Druce, RL Souers, PC Chow, C Roeske, F Vitello, P Hrousis, C AF Druce, RL Souers, PC Chow, C Roeske, F Vitello, P Hrousis, C TI Detonation in TATB hemispheres SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE booster; slapper detonator; Fabry; streak camera; reactive flow ID ZONES; JWL++ AB Streak camera breakout and Fabry-Perot interferometer data have been taken on the outer surface of 1.80 g/cm3 TATB hemispherical boosters initiated by slapper detonators at three temperatures. The slapper causes breakout to occur at 54 at ambient temperatures and 42 at -54C, where the axis of rotation is 0. The Fabry velocities may be associated with pressures, and these decrease for large timing delays in breakout seen at the colder temperatures. At room temperature, the Fabry pressures appear constant at all angles. Both fresh and decade-old explosive are tested and no difference is seen. The problem has been modeled with reactive flow. Adjustment of the JWL for temperature makes little difference, but cooling to -54C decreases the rate constant by 1/6th. The problem was run both at constant density and with density differences using two different codes. The ambient code results show that a density difference is probably present, but it cannot be quantified. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM souers1@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2005 VL 30 IS 2 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1002/prep.200400089 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 923WS UT WOS:000228940800003 ER PT J AU Tarver, CM AF Tarver, CM TI Ignition and growth modeling of LX-17 hockey puck experiments SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE detonation; corner turning; dead zones ID DETONATION-WAVES; EXPLOSIVES AB Detonating solid plastic bonded explosives (PBX) formulated with the insensitive molecule triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) exhibit measurable reaction zone lengths, curved shock fronts, and regions of failing chemical reaction at abrupt changes in the charge geometry. A recent set of "hockey puck" experiments measured the breakout times of diverging detonation waves at ambient temperature LX-17 (92.5% TATB plus 7.5% Kel-F binder) and the breakout times at the lower surfaces of 15 mm thick LX-17 discs placed below the detonator-booster plane. The LX-17 detonation waves in these discs grow outward from the initial wave leaving regions of unreacted or partially reacted TATB in the corners of these charges. This new experimental data is accurately simulated for the first time using the Ignition and Growth reactive flow model for LX-17, which is normalized to detonation reaction zone, failure diameter and diverging detonation data. A pressure-cubed dependence for the main growth of reaction rate yields excellent agreement with experiment, while a pressure-squared rate diverges too quickly and a pressure-quadrupled rate diverges too slowly into the LX-17 below the booster equatorial plane. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tarver, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tarver1@llnl.gov NR 34 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2005 VL 30 IS 2 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1002/prep.200400092 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 923WS UT WOS:000228940800006 ER PT J AU Lowery, TJ Doucleff, M Ruiz, EJ Rubin, SM Pines, A Wemmer, DE AF Lowery, TJ Doucleff, M Ruiz, EJ Rubin, SM Pines, A Wemmer, DE TI Distinguishing multiple chemotaxis Y protein conformations with laser-polarized Xe-129 NMR SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE xenon binding; CheY; protein cavities; protein conformation assay ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RESPONSE REGULATOR; ACTIVATED CHEY; BINDING; XENON; SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM; CAVITY AB The chemical shift of the Xe-129 NMR signal has been shown to be extremely sensitive to the local environment around the atom and has been used to follow processes such as ligand binding by bacterial periplasmic binding proteins. Here we show that the Xe-129 shift can sense more subtle changes: magnesium binding, BeF3- activation, and peptide binding by the Escherichia coli chemotaxis Y protein. H-1-N-15 correlation spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography were used to identify two xenon-binding cavities in CheY that are primarily responsible for the shift changes. One site is near the active site, and the other is near the peptide binding site. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wemmer, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DEWemmer@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 848 EP 855 DI 10.1110/ps.041231005 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 907SS UT WOS:000227738900002 PM 15741343 ER PT J AU Priddy, TS Macdonald, BA Heller, WT Nadeau, OW Trewhella, J Carlson, GM AF Priddy, TS Macdonald, BA Heller, WT Nadeau, OW Trewhella, J Carlson, GM TI Ca2+-induced structural changes in phosphorylase kinase detected by small-angle X-ray scattering SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE phosphorylase kinase; small-angle X-ray scattering; modeling; solution structure; Ca2+ ID RABBIT-SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CALMODULIN-BINDING DOMAIN; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GAMMA-SUBUNIT; CROSS-LINKING; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BASIS; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; B KINASE; ACTIVATION AB Phosphorylase kinase (PhK), a 1.3-MDa (alpha beta gamma delta)(4) hexadecameric complex, is a Ca2+-dependent regulatory enzyme in the cascade activation of glycogenolysis. PhK comprises two arched (alpha beta gamma delta)(2) octameric lobes that are oriented back-to-back with overall D-2 symmetry and joined by connecting bridges. From chemical cross-linking and electron microscopy, it is known that the binding of Ca2+ by PhK perturbs the structure of all its subunits and promotes redistribution of density throughout both its lobes and bridges; however, little is known concerning the interrelationship of these effects. To measure structural changes induced by Ca2+, in the PhK complex in solution, small-angle X-ray scattering was performed on nonactivated and Ca2+-activated PhK. Although the overall dimensions of the complex were not affected by Ca2+, the cation did promote a shift in the distribution of the scattering density within the hydrated volume occupied by the PhK molecule, indicating a Ca2+-induced conformational change. Computer-generated models, based on elements of the known structure of PhK from electron microscopy, were constructed to aid in the interpretation of the scattering data. Models containing two ellipsoids and four cylinders to represent, respectively, the lobes and bridges of the PhK complex provided theoretical scattering profiles that accurately fit the experimental data. Structural differences between the models representing the nonactivated and Ca2+-activated conformers of PhK are consistent with Ca2+-induced conformational changes in both the lobes and the interlobal bridges. C1 Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Sch Biol Sci, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Struct Mol Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carlson, GM (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mail Stop 3030,3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. EM gcarlson@kumc.edu OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 32953, R01 DK032953, R56 DK032953] NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1039 EP 1048 DI 10.1110/ps.041124705 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 907SS UT WOS:000227738900022 PM 15741333 ER PT J AU Liu, T Qian, WJ Chen, WNU Jacobs, JM Moore, RJ Anderson, DJ Gritsenko, MA Monroe, ME Thrall, BD Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Liu, T Qian, WJ Chen, WNU Jacobs, JM Moore, RJ Anderson, DJ Gritsenko, MA Monroe, ME Thrall, BD Camp, DG Smith, RD TI Improved proteome coverage by using high efficiency cysteinyl peptide enrichment: The human mammary epithelial cell proteome SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE cysteinyl peptide enrichment; human mammary epithelial cells; low abundance; mass spectrometry; proteome coverage ID CODED AFFINITY TAGS; N-LINKED GLYCOPROTEINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTIDIMENSIONAL CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; YEAST PROTEOME; PROTEINS; GENOME; MIXTURES AB Automated multidimensional capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been increasingly applied in various large scale proteome profiling efforts. However, comprehensive global proteome analysis remains technically challenging due to issues associated with sample complexity and dynamic range of protein abundances, which is particularly apparent in mammalian biological systems. We report here the application of a high efficiency cysteinyl peptide enrichment (CPE) approach to the global proteome analysis of human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) which significantly improved both sequence coverage of protein identifications and the overall proteome coverage. The cysteinyl peptides were specifically enriched by using a thiol-specific covalent resin, fractionated by strong cation exchange chromatography, and subsequently analyzed by reversed-phase capillary LC-MS/MS. An HMEC tryptic digest without CPE was also fractionated and analyzed under the same conditions for comparison. The combined analyses of HMEC tryptic digests with and without CPE resulted in a total of 14 416 confidently identified peptides covering 4294 different proteins with an estimated 10% gene coverage of the human genome. By using the high efficiency CPE, an additional 1096 relatively low abundance proteins were identified, resulting in 34.3% increase in proteome coverage; 1390 proteins were observed with increased sequence coverage. Comparative protein distribution analyses revealed that the CPE method is not biased with regard to protein M-r, pI, cellular location, or biological functions. These results demonstrate that the use of the CPE approach provides improved efficiency in comprehensive proteome-wide analyses of highly complex mammalian biological systems. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, MSIN K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Qian, Weijun/C-6167-2011; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Liu, Tao/A-9020-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Liu, Tao/0000-0001-9529-6550 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522, RR018522] NR 41 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1263 EP 1273 DI 10.1002/pmic.200401055 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 914IM UT WOS:000228221000009 PM 15742320 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JM Yang, XH Luft, BJ Dunn, JJ Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Jacobs, JM Yang, XH Luft, BJ Dunn, JJ Camp, DG Smith, RD TI Proteomic analysis of Lyme disease: Global protein comparison of three strains of Borrelia burgdorferi SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Borrelia burgdorferi; Lyme disease ID OUTER SURFACE PROTEIN; RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SENSU-STRICTO; IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; C OSPC; SPIROCHETE; MICE AB The Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete is the causative agent of Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne disease in the United States. It has been studied extensively to help understand its pathogenicity of infection and how it can persist in different mammalian hosts. We report the proteomic analysis of the archetype B. burgdorferi B31 strain and two other strains (ND40, and JD-1) having different Borrelia pathotypes using strong cation exchange fractionation of proteolytic peptides followed by high-resolution, reversed phase capillary liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap tandem mass spectrometric analysis. Protein identification was facilitated by the availability of the complete B31 genome sequence. A total of 665 Borrelia proteins were identified representing similar to 38% coverage of the theoretical B31 proteome. A significant overlap was observed between the identified proteins in direct comparisons between any two strains (> 72%), but distinct differences were observed among identified hypothetical and outer membrane proteins of the three strains. Such a concurrent proteomic overview of three Borrelia strains based upon only the B31 genome sequence is shown to provide significant insights into the presence or absence of specific proteins and a broad overall comparison among strains. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR18522]; NIAID NIH HHS [2R01 AI037256, U01AI056480] NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2005 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1446 EP 1453 DI 10.1002/pmic.200401052 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 914IM UT WOS:000228221000025 PM 15800874 ER PT J AU Anderson-Cook, CM Patterson, A Hoerl, R AF Anderson-Cook, CM Patterson, A Hoerl, R TI A structured problem-solving course for graduate students: Exposing students to Six Sigma as part of their university training SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Six Sigma; DMAIC; university-industry collaboration; black belt AB The Department of Statistics at Virginia Tech introduced a Master's level course in Structured Problem Solving in 2002. The goal of the course was to give graduate students of statistics, engineering and business initial exposure to Six Sigma methods, teach leadership and teamwork skills, and help students better understand how to apply their technical skills to large-scale project-based problems. The paper presents an overview of the course, details about the projects students have worked on during the two years the course has been offered, and student feedback and reaction to the course. It is our hope that this paper can provide helpful information for statistics graduate programs at other universities that may be considering implementing a similar course to assist students in making the transition from academic studies to industrial careers. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley T Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Gen Elect Global Res, Appl Sci Lab, Schenectady, NY 12309 USA. RP Anderson-Cook, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, POB 1663,MS F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM c-and-cook@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD APR PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1002/qre.666 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 911SC UT WOS:000228023900006 ER PT J AU Funston, AM Miller, JR AF Funston, AM Miller, JR TI Increased yields of radical cations by arene addition to irradiated 1,2-dichloroethane SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE pulse radiolysis; 1,2-dichloroethane; toluene; polyhalocarbons ID NANOSECOND PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; PYRENE DIMER CATION; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CHLORINE ATOM; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MOLECULAR CHLORINE; RATE CONSTANTS; TRIPLET-STATE AB Pulse radiolysis in chlorinated hydrocarbon liquids such as 1,2-dichloroethane is a versatile and effective method for the generation of solute radical cations. The addition of a large concentration of toluene or benzene to solutions of 1,2-dichloroethane is found to increase the yield of solute radical cations (G = 0.68 molecules 100 eV(-1) in 1,2-dichloroethane (J. Phys. Chem. 83(15) (1979) 1944) by a factor of 2.5. The increased yield is found for solutes which have a potential of similar to 1.1 V (vs. SCE) or below for the S+./S couple and is due to reaction of the chlorine atom:toluene (pi-Cl-.) complex with the solute. A similar species forms with benzene. pi-Cl-. is formed with a yield of G = 3.0, and arises principally as a result of geminate recombination of ions. It has an absorption in the visible with lambda(max) 460 nm, epsilon(max) = 1800 M-1 cm(-1) and decays with an observed first-order rate constant k = 1.12 x 10(6) s(-1). The rate of reaction of the pi-Cl-. with added solutes ranges from 2.5 to 5 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1). The other oxidant present in the 1,2-dichloroethane/toluene solutions is identified as the toluene cation dimer. This is formed from the 1,2-dichloroethane radical cation with bimolecular rate constant k = 1.35 x 10(10) M-1 s(-1) with a radiation chemical yield G = 0.5. The rate of reaction of this species with the added solutes is diffusion controlled, k = 1-2 x 10(10) M-1 s(-1). (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Funston, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM afunston@bnl.gov RI Funston, Alison/B-8817-2012 OI Funston, Alison/0000-0002-4320-6434 NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 72 IS 5 BP 601 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.03.014 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 897SH UT WOS:000227024900009 ER PT J AU Bowman, MK David, B Michael, DS Zimbrick, JD AF Bowman, MK David, B Michael, DS Zimbrick, JD TI Track structure in DNA irradiated with heavy ions SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; TRAPPED HYDROGEN ATOMS; PARAMAGNETIC RELAXATION; PHOSPHATE BACKBONE; FREE-RADICALS; DAMAGE; BEAM AB The spatial properties of trapped radicals produced in heavy-ion-irradiated solid DNA at 77 K have been probed using pulsed electron paramagnetic double resonance (PELDOR or DEER) techniques. Salmon testes DNA hydrated to 12 water molecules per nucleotide was irradiated with Ar-40 ions of energy 100 MeV/nucleon and LET ranging from 300 to 400 keV/mu m. Irradiated samples were maintained at cryogenic temperature at all times. PELDOR measurements were made using a refocused echo detection sequence that allows dipolar interaction between trapped radicals to be observed. The EPR spectrum is attributed to electron loss/gain DNA base radicals and neutral carbon-centered radicals that likely arise from sugar damage. We find a radical concentration of 13.5 X 10(18) cm(-3) in the tracks and a track radius of 6.79 run. The cross section of these tracks is 144 nm(2) yielding a lineal radical density of 2.6 radicals/nm. Based on the yields determined previously for particles having calculated LET values of 300-400 keV/mu m and our measured lineal density, we obtain an LET of 270 keV/mu m, which is in good agreement with the calculated range of values. These measurements of radical density and spatial extent provide the first direct experimental determination of track characteristics in irradiated DNA. (c) 2005 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Chem, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zimbrick, JD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Zimbrick@colostate.edu RI Bowman, Michael/F-4265-2011 OI Bowman, Michael/0000-0003-3464-9409 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA45424, R01 CA045424, CA80211]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM61904] NR 16 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 163 IS 4 BP 447 EP 454 DI 10.1667/RR3338 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 909WR UT WOS:000227891900012 PM 15799701 ER PT J AU Lynch, DJ Wilson, WE Batdorf, MT Resat, MBS Kimmel, GA Miller, JH AF Lynch, DJ Wilson, WE Batdorf, MT Resat, MBS Kimmel, GA Miller, JH TI Monte Carlo simulation of the spatial distribution of energy deposition for an electron microbeam SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BYSTANDER RESPONSES; MICRODOSIMETRY; RADIATION AB Dosimetry calculations characterizing the spatial variation of the energy deposited by the slowing and stopping of energetic electrons are reported and compared with experimental measurements from an electron microbeam facility. The computations involve event-by-event, detailed-histories Monte Carlo simulations of low-energy electrons interacting in water vapor. Simulations of electron tracks with starting energies from 30 to 80 keV are used to determine energy deposition distributions in thin cylindrical rings as a function of penetration and radial distance from a beam source. Experimental measurements of the spatial distribution of an electron microbeam in air show general agreement with the density-scaled simulation results for water vapor at these energies, yielding increased confidence in the predictions of Monte Carlo track-structure simulations for applications of the microbeam as a single-cell irradiator. (c) 2005 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Washington State Univ, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lynch, DJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM lynchd@tricity.wsu.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD APR PY 2005 VL 163 IS 4 BP 468 EP 472 DI 10.1667/RR3341 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 909WR UT WOS:000227891900015 PM 15799704 ER PT J AU Rechard, RP Tierney, MS AF Rechard, RP Tierney, MS TI Assignment of probability distributions for parameters in the 1996 performance assessment for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Part 1: description of process SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Review DE probability distributions; maximum entropy formalism; uncertainty; risk assessment; probabilistic risk assessment; performance assessment; Monte Carlo simulations; radioactive waste disposal; nuclear waste repository; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; 40 CFR 191; 40 CFR 197 ID CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; TRANSURANIC WASTE; RISK ASSESSMENTS; UNCERTAINTY; DISPOSAL; KNOWLEDGE; SYSTEMS; RADIONUCLIDE; REPOSITORY AB A managed process was used to consistently and traceably develop probability distributions for parameters representing epistemic uncertainty in four preliminary and the final 1996 performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The key to the success of the process was the use of a three-member team consisting of a Parameter Task Leader, PA Analyst, and Subject Matter Expert. This team, in turn, relied upon a series of guidelines for selecting distribution types. The primary function of the guidelines was not to constrain the actual process of developing a parameter distribution but rather to establish a series of well-defined steps where recognized methods would be consistently applied to all parameters. An important guideline was to use a small set of distributions satisfying the maximum entropy formalism. Another important guideline was the consistent use of the log transform for parameters with large ranges (i.e. maximum/minimum > 10(3)). A parameter development team assigned 67 probability density functions (PDFs) in the 1989 PA and 236 PDFs in the 1996 PA using these and other guidelines described. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment Dept 6853, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Plantae Res Associates, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Rechard, RP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment Dept 6853, POB 5800,MS-0776, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rprecha@sandia.gov NR 109 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD APR PY 2005 VL 88 IS 1 BP 1 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ress.2004.07.011 PG 32 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 896SU UT WOS:000226954600001 ER PT J AU Rechard, RP Tierney, MS AF Rechard, RP Tierney, MS TI Assignment of probability distributions for parameters in the 1996 performance assessment for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Part 2. Application of process SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Review DE probability distributions; maximum entropy formalism; uncertainty; risk assessment; probabilistic risk assessment; performance assessment; Monte Carlo simulations; radioactive waste disposal; nuclear waste repository; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; 40 CFR 191; 40 CFR 197 ID CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; CONCEPTUAL MODELS; TRANSURANIC WASTE; EXTREME EVENTS; DISPOSAL; RISK; UNCERTAINTY; RADIONUCLIDE; REPOSITORY AB A managed process was used to consistently and traceably develop probability distributions for parameters representing epistemic uncertainty in four preliminary and the final 1996 performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Between 67 probability density functions (PDFs) in the 1989 PA and 236 PDFs in the 1996 PA were assigned by a parameter development team, using a process described in a companion paper. In the five iterative PAs conducted, the most commonly used distributions were the uniform PDF and piecewise-uniform PDF (also referred to as a piecewise-linear cumulative distribution function (CDF)). Other distributions used included the truncated normal, truncated Student-t, and triangular PDFs. In a few instances, a discrete delta (piecewise-uniform CDF), beta, and exponential PDF were also used. The PDFs produced for the 24 most important parameters observed in the five iterative PAs are presented. As background, the list of 194 parameters documented in the first 1989 PA through the 1471 parameters documented in the 1996 compliance PA are also provided. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Performance Assessment 6853, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Plantae Res Associates, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Rechard, RP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Performance Assessment 6853, POB 5800,MS-0776, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rprecha@sandia.gov NR 121 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD APR PY 2005 VL 88 IS 1 BP 33 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.ress.2004.07.012 PG 48 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 896SU UT WOS:000226954600002 ER PT J AU Henderson, MG Thomsen, MF Skoug, R Denton, MH Harper, R Funsten, HO Pollock, CJ AF Henderson, MG Thomsen, MF Skoug, R Denton, MH Harper, R Funsten, HO Pollock, CJ TI Calculation of IMAGE/MENA geometric factors and conversion of images to units of integral and differential flux SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERE; PARTICLE AB The Medium Energy Neutral Atom (MENA) instrument flown on the NASA IMAGE spacecraft is a time-of-flight neutral particle imager designed to image energetic neutral atom emissions from the Earth's inner magnetosphere over an energy per mass range of 1-60 keV/amu. Images are generated by combining data from three separate heads and have a nominal angular resolution of 4 degrees x4 degrees. Here, we present a first-principles calculation of the geometric factors for each of the start-byte/stop-byte combinations for each of the three heads in the IMAGE/MENA instrument based on a detailed understanding of the its physical construction. The geometric factors are used to compute combined integral flux images and it is demonstrated that they result in head-to-head matching of the data that are both continuous and physically reasonable. We also discuss several issues associated with energy binning as a means for constructing differential flux images and present a powerful and robust approach that solves several critical problems inherent with this type of instrument. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Henderson, MG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR-1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mghenderson@lanl.gov RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011; OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029; Denton, Michael/0000-0002-1748-3710 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2005 VL 76 IS 4 AR 043303 DI 10.1063/1.1884190 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 916CE UT WOS:000228362200012 ER PT J AU Simmons, DF Fortgang, CM Holtkamp, DB AF Simmons, DF Fortgang, CM Holtkamp, DB TI Using multispectral imaging to measure temperature profiles and emissivity of large thermionic dispenser cathodes SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB The authors measured temperature, temperature uniformity, and emissivity of two large thermionic tungsten cathodes. This was necessary because their operating life is strongly affected by nonuniformities in temperature. The cathodes were self-heated 6.5 and 8-in. disks operating in a vacuum at about 1100 degrees C. We measured the temperature of the cathodes by a combination of multispectral imaging using a conventional CCD camera and spot pyrometry using three spot pyrometers. We took images at the blue end of the spectrum (0.4 mu m) to determine temperature accurate to 3% K. Spot pyrometers at the red end of the spectrum (to 1.8 mu m) yielded emissivity with an uncertainty of 15%. We emphasized using data in the blue to determine the temperature and data in the red to determine emissivity. Our analysis displays data so that assumptions in determining temperature and emissivity are transparent. Because we obtained a linear relationship between camera counts and integrated exitance of a blackbody, we concluded that the camera was calibrated correctly. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Simmons, DF (reprint author), Bechtel Nevada, 182 E Gate Dr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM dsimmons@lanl.gov; cfortang@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2005 VL 76 IS 4 AR 044901 DI 10.1063/1.1867570 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 916CE UT WOS:000228362200035 ER PT J AU Kirman, CR Sweeney, LM Corley, R Gargas, ML AF Kirman, CR Sweeney, LM Corley, R Gargas, ML TI Using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling to address nonlinear kinetics and changes in rodent physiology and metabolism due to aging and adaptation in deriving reference values for propylene glycol methyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE PBPK modeling; Propylene glycol methyl ether; reference concentration; reference dose; saturable kinetics ID MONOMETHYL ETHER; INHALATION TOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PRENATAL TOXICITY; RATS; RABBITS; VAPOR; DISPOSITION; DOSIMETRY AB Reference values, including an oral reference dose (RfD) and an inhalation reference concentration (RfC), were derived for propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME), and an oral RfD was derived for its acetate (PGMEA). These values were based on transient sedation observed in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice during a two-year inhalation study. The dose-response relationship for sedation was characterized using internal dose measures as predicted by a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for PGME and its acetate. PBPK modeling was used to account for changes in rodent physiology and metabolism due to aging and adaptation, based on data collected during Weeks 1, 2, 26, 52, and 78 of a chronic inhalation study. The peak concentration of PGME in richly perfused tissues (i.e., brain) was selected as the most appropriate internal dose measure based on a consideration of the mode of action for sedation and similarities in tissue partitioning between brain and other richly perfused tissues. Internal doses (peak tissue concentrations of PGME) were designated as either no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) based on the presence or the absence of sedation at each time point, species, and sex in the two-year study. Distributions of the NOAEL and LOAEL values expressed in terms of internal dose were characterized using an arithmetic mean and standard deviation, with the mean internal NOAEL serving as the basis for the reference values, which was then divided by appropriate uncertainty factors. Where data were permitting, chemical-specific adjustment factors were derived to replace default uncertainty factor values of 10. Nonlinear kinetics, which was predicted by the model in all species at PGME concentrations exceeding 100 ppm, complicate interspecies, and low-dose extrapolations. To address this complication, reference values were derived using two approaches that differ with respect to the order in which these extrapolations were performed: (1) default approach of interspecies extrapolation to determine the human equivalent concentration (PBPK modeling) followed by uncertainty factor application, and (2) uncertainty factor application followed by interspecies extrapolation (PBPK modeling). The resulting reference values for these two approaches are substantially different, with values from the latter approach being seven-fold higher than those from the former approach. Such a striking difference between the two approaches reveals an underlying issue that has received little attention in the literature regarding the application of uncertainty factors and interspecies extrapolations to compounds where saturable kinetics occur in the range of the NOAEL. Until such discussions have taken place, reference values based on the former approach are recommended for risk assessments involving human exposures to PGME and PGMEA. C1 Sapphire Grp Inc, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA. Sapphire Grp Inc, Dayton, OH USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Kirman, CR (reprint author), Sapphire Grp Inc, 2000 Auburn Dr,Suite 200, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA. EM crk@thesapphiregroup.com RI Sweeney, Lisa/K-5114-2012 OI Sweeney, Lisa/0000-0002-4672-7358 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2 BP 271 EP 284 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 922UY UT WOS:000228866600005 PM 15876203 ER PT J AU Shan, C Javandel, I AF Shan, C Javandel, I TI A multilayered box model for calculating preliminary remediation goals in soil screening SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Box model; preliminary remediation goal; soil screening; tritium ID CHEMICALS AB In the process of screening a soil against a certain contaminant, we define the health-risk-based preliminary remediation goal (PRG) as the contaminant concentration above which some remedial action may be required. Thus, PRG is the first standard (or guidance) for judging a site. An overestimated PRG (a too-large value) may cause us to miss some contaminated sites that can threaten human health and the environment. An underestimated PRG (a too-small value), on the other hand, may lead to unnecessary cleanup and waste tremendous resources. The PRGs for soils are often calculated on the assumption that the contaminant concentration in soil does not change with time. However, that concentration usually decreases with time as a result of different chemical and transport mechanisms. The static assumption thus exaggerates the long-term exposure dose and results in a too-small PRG. We present a box model that considers all important transport processes and obeys the law of mass conservation. We can use the model as a tool to estimate the transient contaminant concentrations in air, soil, and ground water. Using these concentrations in conjunction with appropriate health-risk parameters, we may estimate the PRGs for different contaminants. As an example, we calculated the tritium PRG for residential soils. The result is quite different from, but within the range of, the two versions of the corresponding PRG previously recommended by the U.S. EPA. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shan, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM c_shan@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2 BP 339 EP 349 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 922UY UT WOS:000228866600010 PM 15876208 ER PT J AU Gaines, KF Boring, CS Porter, DE AF Gaines, KF Boring, CS Porter, DE TI The development of a spatially explicit model to estimate radiocaesium body burdens in raccoons (Procyon lotor) for ecological risk assessment SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE GIS; raccoons (Procyon lotor); radiocaesium; resounc e selection functions; risk assessment; spatial modelling ID HOME-RANGE; LANDSCAPE; ACCUMULATION; POPULATION; COMMUNITY; SEDIMENTS; RESERVOIR; MOVEMENT; FIELD AB A spatially explicit model of raccoon (Procyon lotor) distribution for the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River S to (SRS) in west-central South Carolina was developed using data from a raccoon radio-telemetry study and visualized within a Geographic Information System (GIs). An inductive approach was employed to develop three sub-models using the ecological requirements of raccoons studied in the following habitats: (1) man-made reservoirs, (2) bottomland hardwood/riverine systems, and (3) isolated wetland systems. Logistic regression was used to derive probabilistic resource selection functions using habitat compositional data and landscape metrics. The final distribution model provides a spatially explicit probability (likelihood of being in an area) surface for male raccoons. The model is a stand-alone tool consisting of algorithms independent of the specific GIS data layers to which they were derived. The model was then used to predict contaminant burdens in raccoons inhabiting a riverine system contaminated with radiocaesium (Cs-137). The predicted Cs-137 burdens were less than if one would assume homogeneous use of the contaminated areas. This modelling effort provides a template for DOE managed lands and other large government facilities to establish a framework for site-specific ecological assessments that use wildlife species as endpoints. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Consortium Risk Evaluat Stakeholder Participat, Piscataway, NJ USA. Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Gaines, KF (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. EM kfgaines@usd.edu NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 341 IS 1-3 BP 15 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.017 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 924VP UT WOS:000229009100002 PM 15833238 ER PT J AU Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL AF Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL TI Low-temperature superconductivity is warming up SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article ID MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE AB Magnesium diboride defies the once conventional wisdom about what makes a good superconductor. It becomes superconducting near the relatively warm temperature of 40 kelvins-which promises a variety of applications. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Iowa City, IA USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Canfield, PC (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Iowa City, IA USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD APR PY 2005 VL 292 IS 4 BP 80 EP 87 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 907JM UT WOS:000227712900033 ER PT J AU Tolley, A Radmilovic, V Dahmen, U AF Tolley, A Radmilovic, V Dahmen, U TI Segregation in Al-3(Sc,Zr) precipitates in Al-Sc-Zr alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloys; interface segregation; interface wetting; interface structure; Al3Sc/Al3Zr complex precipitate ID ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; AL3SC; SCANDIUM AB An unusual precipitate structure in ternary AI(Sc,Zr) alloys has been revealed by analytical and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Coherent precipitates with L1(2) structure and highly anisotropic shapes were found to consist of a core containing Al and Sc surrounded by a Zr-rich shell. The shell thickness ranged from about 4 to 7 nm in different particles. An abrupt change in composition between core and shell was indicated by both, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and high resolution phase contrast imaging. It is likely that this phenomenon is responsible for the increased resistance to coarsening of Al-3(Sc,Zr) precipitates in these ternary alloys. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Radmilovic, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, LBNL, MS-72,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM viradmilovic@lbl.gov RI LAI, JING/F-6526-2010 NR 13 TC 88 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 52 IS 7 BP 621 EP 625 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.11.021 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 895PA UT WOS:000226874200015 ER PT J AU Chauhan, A Moran, W Ge, SR Si, WD White, HJ AF Chauhan, A Moran, W Ge, SR Si, WD White, HJ TI Pulsed laser deposition of silicon carbide on heat resistant materials SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE laser deposition; scratch test; ceramics; scanning electron microscopy; sigma phase ID ABLATION; TARGETS; FILMS AB Silicon carbide was successfully deposited onto a heated HK40 substrate. An array of characterization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scratch tests) demonstrated that the processing conditions were suitable for good coverage and promising adhesion behavior. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP White, HJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM hwhite@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2005 VL 52 IS 8 BP 735 EP 738 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.12.019 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 897FL UT WOS:000226989300009 ER PT J AU Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI Integrative radiation carcinogenesis: interactions between cell and tissue responses to DNA damage SO SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE TGF beta; stromal-epithelial; ionizing radiation; carcinogenesis; DNA damage ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; INDUCED GENOMIC INSTABILITY; MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT; CARCINOMA IN-SITU; BREAST-CANCER; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; E-CADHERIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; P53 PROTEIN; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX AB Tissue function requires coordinated multicellular behavior as a consequence of diverse signals integrated through the tissue microenvironment; importantly, these cell-cell and cell-microenvironment interactions also actively suppress cancer. Ionizing radiation (IR) elicits a well-defined cellular response to DNA damage that mediates the fate of the individual cell, concomitantly with a less well-characterized overarching tissue stress response that coordinates the response of multiple cell types via microenvironment signaling. We have now shown that these programs to reestablish homeostasis intersect via mutual regulation by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), which acts as an extracellular sensor and signal of stress. In this review, the concept that this type of functional integration of cell and tissue stress response programs is essential to cancer suppression will be discussed. Our experiments using IR, and several recent studies that experimentally manipulate stromal TGFbeta, show that disruption of microenvironment signaling actively promotes malignant progression. Understanding the dynamic interactions between tissue and cell stress responses will be necessary for an accurate assessment of cancer risk and may also provide targets for prevention. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Canc Biol, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Canc Biol, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. EM mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [U01 ES01281] NR 102 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1044-579X J9 SEMIN CANCER BIOL JI Semin. Cancer Biol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 15 IS 2 BP 138 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.08.010 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 893JQ UT WOS:000226715500009 PM 15652459 ER PT J AU Xomeritakis, G Tsai, CY Brinker, CJ AF Xomeritakis, G Tsai, CY Brinker, CJ TI Microporous sol-gel derived aminosilicate membrane for enhanced carbon dioxide separation SO SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE silica membrane; carbon dioxide separation; sol-gel; molecular sieving; amine group ID MOLECULAR-SIEVE MEMBRANES; GAS PERMEATION PROPERTIES; SELECTIVE CO2 SEPARATION; SILICA MEMBRANES; ZEOLITE MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; GLYCEROL MEMBRANES; CO2-N-2 MIXTURES; LIQUID MEMBRANES; REMOVAL AB A new aminosilicate, sol-gel derived microporous inorganic membrane has been developed for enhanced CO(2) separation in applications such as removal of metabolic CO(2) from the breathing loop of the NASA extravehicular mobility unit (EMU), natural gas purification, or CO(2) capture from coal-fired power plant emissions. This membrane consists of an inorganic, amorphous silica matrix of pore size 4-5 angstrom, containing randomly dispersed amine (-NH(2)) functional groups in order to enhance its CO, selectivity, due to preferential adsorption of CO(2) in the membrane pore walls and simultaneous blocking of permeation of other gases (O(2), N(2) and CH(4)). It is found that the gas feed condition during permeation (partial pressure of CO(2), relative humidity), post-synthetic treatments and aging, affect significantly the separation performance of the membranes. At this stage of development, with feeds of 1-20 vol.% CO(2) and 0-40% relative humidity at 22 degrees C, the highest CO(2):N(2) separation factor was in the range 100-200, while the CO(2) permeance was in the range 0.1-1.5 cm(3) (STP)/(cm(2) min atm). The results suggest that controlling the membrane pore size and method of activation of amine groups are the most critical factors for improving the CO(2)-permselectivity of the membrane. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Farris Engn Ctr 203, NSF Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Tsai, CY (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Farris Engn Ctr 203, NSF Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM tsaica@utrc.utc.com; cjbrink@sandia.gov NR 26 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5866 J9 SEP PURIF TECHNOL JI Sep. Purif. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3 BP 249 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.seppur.2004.08.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 908IJ UT WOS:000227780400006 ER PT J AU Hart, WE AF Hart, WE TI Rethinking the design of real-coded evolutionary algorithms: Making discrete choices in continuous search domains SO SOFT COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE convergence; evolutionary algorithms; self-adaptation; real-coded; evolution strategies ID THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; CONVERGENCE; MUTATION AB Although real-coded evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have been applied to optimization problems for over thirty years, the convergence properties of these methods remain poorly understood. We discuss the use of discrete random variables to perform search in real-valued EAs. Although most real-valued EAs perform mutation with continuous random variables, we argue that EAs using discrete random variables for mutation can be much easier to analyze. In particular, we present and analyze two simple EAs that make discrete choices of mutation steps. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hart, WE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wehart@sandia.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-7643 J9 SOFT COMPUT JI Soft Comput. PD APR PY 2005 VL 9 IS 4 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1007/s00500-004-0376-5 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 915SX UT WOS:000228332600002 ER PT J AU Puget, P Lal, R Izaurralde, C Post, M Owens, L AF Puget, P Lal, R Izaurralde, C Post, M Owens, L TI Stock and distribution of total and corn-derived soil organic carbon in aggregate and primary particle fractions for different land use and soil management practices SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil C dynamics; delta C-13 analyses; long-term changes in soil quality; aggregation; soil C sequestration; soil structure and carbon; particulate organic matter ID C-13 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; NATIVE GRASSLAND SOILS; CULTIVATED SOILS; NO-TILLAGE; C SEQUESTRATION; SIZE FRACTIONS; MATTER; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; PARTICULATE AB Land use, soil management, and cropping systems affect stock, distribution, and residence time of soil organic carbon (SOC). Therefore, SOC stock and its depth distribution and association with primary and secondary particles were assessed in long-term experiments at the North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds near Coshocton, Ohio, through delta(13)C techniques. These measurements were made for five land use and soil management treatments: (1) secondary forest, (2) meadow converted from no-till (NT) corn since 1988, (3) continuous NT corn since 1970, (4) continuous NT corn-soybean in rotation With ryegrass since 1984, and (5) conventional plow till (PT) corn since 1984. Soil samples to 70-cm depth were obtained in 2002 in all treatments. Significant differences in soil properties were observed among land use treatments for 0 to 5-cm depth. The SOC concentration (g C kg(-1) of soil) in the 0 to 5-cm layer was 44.0 in forest, 24.0 in meadow, 26.1 in NT corn, 19.5 in NT corn-soybean, and 11.1 in PT corn. The fraction of total C in corn residue converted to SOC was 11.9% for NT corn, 10.6% for NT corn-soybean, and 8.3% for PT corn. The proportion of SOC derived from corn residue was 96% for NT corn in the 0 to 5-cm layer, and it decreased gradually with depth and was 50% in PT corn. The mean SOC sequestration rate on conversion from PT to NT was 280 kg C ha(-1) y(-1). The SOC concentration decreased with reduction in aggregate size, and macro-aggregates contained 15 to 35% more SOC concentration than microaggregates. In comparison with forest, the magnitude of SOC depletion in the 0 to 30-cm layer was 15.5 Mg C/ha (24.0%) in meadow, 12.7 Mg C/ha (19.8%) in NT corn, 17.3 Mg C/ha (26.8%) in NT corn-soybean, and 23.3 Mg C/ha (35.1%) in PT corn. The SOC had a long turnover time when located deeper in the subsoil. Additional research is needed to understand association of SOC with particle and aggregate size fractions and temporal changes and depth distribution with regard to land use and soil management. C1 Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Lab, Washington, DC USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USDA ARS, N Appalachian Exptl Watersheds, Coshocton, OH USA. RP Lal, R (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM lal.1@osu.edu RI Izaurralde, Roberto/E-5826-2012; El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012; Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 63 TC 31 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 35 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 170 IS 4 BP 256 EP 279 DI 10.1097/01.ss.000162288.02761.37 PG 24 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 922EW UT WOS:000228820200004 ER PT J AU Marchetti, FM Szymanska, MH Eastham, PR Simons, BD Littlewood, PB AF Marchetti, FM Szymanska, MH Eastham, PR Simons, BD Littlewood, PB TI Condensation and lasing of microcavity polaritons: comparison between two models SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Spontaneous Coherence in Excitonic Systems (ICSCE 04) CY MAY 25-28, 2004 CL Champion, PA DE nanostructures; phase transition ID BOSE-CONDENSATION AB Condensation of microcavity polaritons and the substantial influence of pair-breaking disorder and decoherence leading to a laser regime has been recently considered using two different models: a model for direct two band excitons in a disordered quantum well coupled to light and a model, where the cavity mode couples instead to a medium of localised excitons, represented by two-level oscillators in the presence of dephasing processes. Even if complementary from the point of view of assumptions, the models share most of the main conclusions and show similar phase diagrams. The issue whether excitons are propagating or localised seems secondary for the polariton condensation and the way in which pair-breaking disorder and decoherence processes influence the condensation and drive the microcavity into a lasing regime is, within the approximations used in each model, generic. The reasons for the similarities between the two physical situations are analysed and explained. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Pulsed Field Facil, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Marchetti, FM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. EM fmm25@cam.ac.uk RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Marchetti, Francesca Maria/F-7695-2012; OI Marchetti, Francesca Maria/0000-0003-1394-7394; Simons, Benjamin/0000-0002-3875-7071; Eastham, Paul/0000-0002-7054-1457 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [GR/S92892/01] NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD APR PY 2005 VL 134 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.07.077 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 914HJ UT WOS:000228218100020 ER PT J AU Pan, ZW Dai, S Lowndes, DH AF Pan, ZW Dai, S Lowndes, DH TI Straight single-crystalline germanium nanowires and their patterns grown on sol-gel prepared gold/silica substrates SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE germanium nanowires; vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism; sol-gel; scanning and transmission electron microscopy ID ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; SILICON; CATALYSTS AB Straight single-crystalline Ge nanowires with a uniform diameter distribution of 50-80 nm and lengths up to tens of micrometers were grown in a high yield on sol-gel prepared gold/silica substrates by using Ge powder as the Ge Source. Detailed electron microscopy analyses show that the nanowires grow through a vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism with gold nanoparticles located at the nanowire tips. By using transmission electron microscope grids as the shadow mask, the sol-gel technique can be readily adapted to prepare patterned film-like gold/silica substrates, so that regular micropatterns of Ge nanowires were obtained, which could facilitate the integration of Ge nanowires for characterization and devices. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pan, ZW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM panz@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD APR PY 2005 VL 134 IS 4 BP 251 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2005.01.033 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 919ME UT WOS:000228621300004 ER PT J AU Smith, DH Bromhal, G Sams, WN Jikich, S Ertekin, T AF Smith, DH Bromhal, G Sams, WN Jikich, S Ertekin, T TI Simulating carbon dioxide sequestration/ECBM production in coal seams: Effects of permeability anisotropies and the diffusion-time constant SO SPE RESERVOIR EVALUATION & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2003 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Petr Engineers AB Coalbed methane now accounts for a significant fraction of domestic natural-gas production. Injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) into coal seams is a promising technology for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions and increasing ultimate production of coalbed methane. Reservoir simulations are an inexpensive method for designing field projects and predicting optimal tradeoffs between maximum sequestration and maximum methane production. Optimum project design and operation are expected to depend on the anisotropy of the permeability along the face-cleat and butt-cleat directions, the spacing between cleats, and the sorption isotherms for methane and CO2. In this work, a dual-porosity coalbed-methane simulator is used to model primary and secondary production of methane from coal for a variety of coal properties and operational parameters. It is assumed that the face and butt cleats are perpendicular to each other, with horizontal wells parallel to one type of cleat and perpendicular to the other. The well pattern consists of four horizontal production wells that form a rectangle, with four shorter horizontal wells centered within the rectangle. In the limiting case of no permeability anisotropy, the central wells form a '' plus '' sign within the square of production wells. All wells are operated as producers of methane and water until a specified reservoir pressure is reached, after which the central wells are operated as injectors for CO2 Production of methane continues until the CO2 concentration in the produced gas is too high. The simulation results predict the optimum lengths of the injection wells along the face- and butt-cleat directions and show how these optimum lengths depend on the permeabilities in the two directions. If the cleat spacing is sufficiently small, and diffusion of the gas through the pores to the cleats is sufficiently rapid, instantaneous sorption may be assumed. Otherwise, the field performance depends on the diffusion-time constant that characterizes the rate of transfer between the cleats and the coal matrix. The pressures at which the injection wells are operated also affect the amounts of CO2 sequestered through the pressures and volumes of the sorption isotherms. C1 US DOE, NETL, Morgantown, WV USA. EG&G Tech Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. Penn State Univ, Petr & Nat Gas Engn Program, University Pk, PA USA. RP Smith, DH (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, Morgantown, WV USA. EM eur@psu.edu NR 23 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1094-6470 J9 SPE RESERV EVAL ENG JI SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. PD APR PY 2005 VL 8 IS 2 BP 156 EP 163 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA 916XN UT WOS:000228420200006 ER PT J AU Salter, EA Wierzbicki, A Land, T AF Salter, EA Wierzbicki, A Land, T TI Ab initio study of Al(III) adsorption on stepped 100 surfaces of KDP crystals SO STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE KDP; prismatic faces; step pinning; trivalent metal ion impurities; Hartree-Fock calculations ID GROWTH; FACES AB Crystals of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4, KDP) are grown in large scale for use as nonlinear material in laser components. Traces of trivalent metal impurities are often added to the supernatant to achieve habit control during crystal growth, selectively inhibiting the growth of the 100 face. Model systems representing AlPO4-doped KDP 100 stepped surfaces are prepared and studied using ab initio quantum methods. Results of Hartree-Fock partial optimizations are presented, including estimated energies of ion pair binding to the steps. We find that the PO43- ion takes a position not unlike that of a standard phosphate in the crystal lattice, while the aluminum atom is displaced far from a K+ ion position to establish coordinations with the PO43- ion and to bind with another lattice-bound phosphate. Our optimized structures suggest that it is the formation of a fourth coordination of Al(III) to a third phosphate ion from solution, or perhaps from a nearby position in the lattice, that disrupts further deposition, pinning the steps. C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wierzbicki, A (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. EM awierzbi@jaguar1.usouthal.edu NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-0400 J9 STRUCT CHEM JI Struct. Chem. PD APR PY 2005 VL 16 IS 2 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1007/s11224-005-2830-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 918CW UT WOS:000228517700003 ER PT J AU Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Suh, J Levin, I Feenstra, R AF Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Suh, J Levin, I Feenstra, R TI Melting investigation of the system BaF2-BaO-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx-H2O SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; BA2YCU3O7-X THIN-FILMS; PRECURSOR FILMS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EPITAXIAL DEPOSITION; COATED CONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7-X FILMS; FLUORIDE SYSTEM; INCLUDING BAF2; YBCO FILMS AB In order to understand low-temperature melting during the 'BaF2 process', equilibria in the quaternary Ba, Y, Cu//O, F reciprocal system have been investigated using a compositional model which can be represented as a trigonal prism. This prism is comprised of three tetrahedra: BaF2-YF3-CuF2-CUOx, BaF2-YF3-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx, and BaF2-BaO-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx. Systematic differential thermal analysis (DTA) studies of Compositions spaced along compositional vectors extending from the fluoride end of the prism to the oxide end gave evidence of low-melting liquids (< 600 degrees C) near the fluorine-rich region in the BaF2-YF3-CuF2-CuOx tetrahedron. In the intermediate BaF2-YF3-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx tetrahedron, a low-temperature DTA peak (550-570 degrees C) was also identified; this has been shown to be due to a reversible phase transformation in crystalline YOF. In the oxide-rich BaF2-BaO-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx tetrahedron, where, in the presence of water vapour, the principal defluorination process is generally thought to occur, the lowest melting temperature observed was 815 degrees C at p(o2) = 20 Pa and p(H2)o = 2.1 kPa. However, published observations on films undergoing the BaF2 process have suggested the presence of an amorphous phase thought to be a liquid at <= 735 degrees C. Based on our results, the low-melting liquids reported in the literature do not appear to exist as a stable liquid phase in the BaF2-BaO-(1)/2Y2O3-CuOx-H2O system under the conditions of our experiments. Rather, the formation of low-melting liquid in Ba-Y-Cu-O-F films at <= 735 degrees C may require (a) relatively fluorine-rich compositions, (b) metastable melting, (c) formation of hydroxide- or hydroxyfluoride-based liquids, or (d) some combination thereof. C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Levin, Igor/F-8588-2010 NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 18 IS 4 BP 442 EP 453 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/18/4/012 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 922GT UT WOS:000228825500014 ER PT J AU Cooley, LD Ghosh, AK Scanlan, RM AF Cooley, LD Ghosh, AK Scanlan, RM TI Costs of high-field superconducting strands for particle accelerator magnets SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HIGH-ENERGY-PHYSICS; RUTHERFORD-TYPE CABLES; NB3SN DIPOLE MAGNET; CONDUCTOR DEVELOPMENT; MGB2 TAPES; FABRICATION; QUADRUPOLES; WIRES; TECHNOLOGY; GENERATION AB The costs of superconducting magnet strands are compared by calculating a 'production scaling factor' P that relates purchase data to the cost of raw materials. Using a consistent method, we normalize for different conductor geometries and strand diameters to arrive at cost indices in $ kg(-1), $ m(-1), and $ kA(-1) m(-1). Analyses of Nb47Ti conductors taken from the past 25 years of high-field magnet projects reveal that the price of raw materials and, to a lesser extent, finished strands, have tracked the price of niobiurn pentoxide. Performance gains during the 1980s produced $ kA(-1) m(-1) indices that fell with time ahead of strand cost in $ m(-1), a situation that may reflect the present status of Nb3Sn magnet conductors. Analyses of present materials show that P decreases systematically with billet mass. While production strands in 200-500 kg billets have costs similar to 3 times the cost of raw materials, the 20-50 kg billet size for internal-tin Nb3Sn composites drives P up to 8-10. Thus, in contrast to LHC-type Nb47Ti strands that cost $150 kg(-1), $0.60 m(-1), and $1.00 kA(-1) m(-1) at 5 T, 4.2 K, Nb3Sn strands required for the next generation of accelerator magnets are $1000 kg(-1), $4.00 m(-1), and > $5.75 kA(-1) m(-1) at 12 T, 4.2 K (where J(c) is comparable to that for Nb47Ti at 5 T, 4.2 K). This high cost might be reduced by a factor of similar to 3 if a large-scale internal-tin or powder-in-tube Nb3Sn process can be found. Replacing expensive components with functionally equivalent but cheaper materials can produce 20% changes in $ kg(-1) and $ m(-1), but this might come at a performance penalty and no net savings in $ kA(-1) m(-1). Removing stabilizer from the strand cross-section and replacing it elsewhere in the cable can reduce the cost for a given length of cable significantly, but only if the processing cost for the strand remains unchanged after reduction of the stabilizer area. Emerging powder-in-tube composites show promise: Nb3Sn strands could reach $6 kA(-1) m(-1) at 12 T, 4.2 K, while Bi-2212 strands could fall below $10 m(-1). MgB2 superconducting strands could have very low raw materials cost at $0.20 m(-1), which translates to $1.00 m(-1) for finished strands and similar to$1.00 kA(-1) m(-1) at 2 T9 4.2 K based on published data. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Superconducting Magnet Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ldcooley@bnl.gov RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015 OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980 NR 64 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 EI 1361-6668 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 18 IS 4 BP R51 EP R65 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/18/4/R01 PG 15 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 922GT UT WOS:000228825500002 ER PT J AU Jiang, W Shutthanandan, V Thevuthasan, S Wang, CM Weber, WJ AF Jiang, W Shutthanandan, V Thevuthasan, S Wang, CM Weber, WJ TI Nitrogen analysis using energetic ion beams SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Symposium on Applied Surface Analysis CY JUN 15-18, 2004 CL NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA HO NW Natl Lab DE nuclear elastic scattering; scattering cross-section; nitrogen analysis ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; IMPLANTS AB As a special case of nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), nuclear elastic scattering analysis (or non-Rutherford scattering analysis) is one of the important methods in ion beam analysis and is the preferred technique to analyze light elements in a heavy matrix. Compared with nuclear reaction, nuclear scattering usually has cross-sections several orders of magnitude larger, which allows quantitative analysis of light elements in a quicker and more convenient manner. Similar to NRA, this method complements the analysis of widely used Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. In this study, the scattering cross-sections for N-14(p,p)N-14 and N-14(alpha,alpha)N-14 at a laboratory angle of 150 degrees are measured over energy regions from 2.480 to 3.774 MeV using an amorphous film of Si3N4 on Si wafer. Examples for the analysis of lattice disorder on the nitrogen sublattice in Au2+-irradiated GaN single crystals will be demonstrated. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley A Sons, Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Weilin.jiang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 37 IS 4 SI SI BP 374 EP 378 DI 10.1002/sia.1991 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 916ZM UT WOS:000228425500003 ER PT J AU Gaspar, DJ Engelhard, MH Henry, MC Baer, DR AF Gaspar, DJ Engelhard, MH Henry, MC Baer, DR TI Erosion rate variations during XPS sputter depth profiling of nanoporous films SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Symposium on Applied Surface Analysis CY JUN 15-18, 2004 CL NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA HO NW Natl Lab DE x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; depth profiling; nanoporous; thin film AB Sputter depth profiling is commonly used to obtain valuable information regarding the three dimensional distribution of elements within a sample, and is one of the best ways to measure the composition of a buried interface or the uniformity of a thin film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is one of the analysis tools often used in conjunction with ion beam erosion to obtain sputter depth profiles. However, to obtain accurate depth information it is often necessary to understand better the sputtering process for a specific materials system. Artifacts such as differential sputtering, varying sputter rates and ion beam-induced chemistry are well known. Here, however, we present evidence from experiments on a porous thin film deposited on an Si wafer that relatively small chemical and/or structural changes in a nanoporous film can affect the rate of erosion measured during sputter depth profiling. Reproducible variations in sputter rate are found with chemical modification leading to compositional changes of the nanoporous thin film. The origin of the sputter rate changes is discussed with the aid of results obtained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, profilometry, nuclear reaction analysis, electron microscopy and XPS-based depth profiling. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley S Sons, Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gaspar, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS-IN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM daniel.gaspar@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011; Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Gaspar, Daniel/0000-0002-8089-810X; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 37 IS 4 SI SI BP 417 EP 423 DI 10.1002/sia.2031 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 916ZM UT WOS:000228425500010 ER PT J AU Owings, RR Holloway, PH Exarhos, GJ Windisch, CF AF Owings, RR Holloway, PH Exarhos, GJ Windisch, CF TI Effect of annealing and lithium substitution on conductivity in nickel-cobalt oxide spinel films SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Symposium on Applied Surface Analysis CY JUN 15-18, 2004 CL NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA HO NW Natl Lab DE lithium; nickel cobalt oxide; spinel; transparent conducting oxide AB Mixed transition-metal oxide spinels exhibit high electrical conductivity and enhanced infrared transmissivity resulting from the presence of small polarons in the NiCo2O4 lattice. Polarons are formed as a result of judicious choice of component metal cations and attendant resident cation charge states. Substitution of lithium for cobalt (Ni1+xCo2-x-zLizO4) while maintaining the spinel stoichiometry and controlled post-deposition annealing was found to influence measured conductivity in both solution- and sputter-deposited thin films. For lithium concentrations < 10% an improvement in conductivity was observed, depending upon whether the oxide film was deposited from solution (large increase) or sputter deposited (small increase). However, higher lithium concentrations degraded conductivity. Both XPS and SIMS analyses of films with high lithium concentrations (z > 0.3) revealed that lithium was concentrated near the film surface and the formation of carbonate was detected by XPS and Fourier transform infrared data. Results indicate that additions of lithium to transition-metal spinel oxides can lead to increased conductivity by increased polaron formation. However, in high concentration, lithium is an interstitial that diffuses to the surface to form compounds that degrade electrical conductivity. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley M Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Owings, RR (reprint author), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM owings@boulder.nist.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD APR PY 2005 VL 37 IS 4 SI SI BP 424 EP 431 DI 10.1002/sia.2040 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 916ZM UT WOS:000228425500011 ER PT J AU Meade, RA AF Meade, RA TI People of the bomb: Portraits of America's nuclear complex. SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Meade, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 2005 VL 46 IS 2 BP 455 EP 456 DI 10.1353/tech.2005.0085 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 939VE UT WOS:000230099700038 ER PT J AU Blasing, TJ Broniak, CT Marland, G AF Blasing, TJ Broniak, CT Marland, G TI The annual cycle of fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions in the United States SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Time-series of estimated monthly carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of coal, petroleum and natural gas in the United States from 1981 to 2002 have been derived from energy consumption data. The data series for coal and natural gas each reveal a consistent seasonal pattern, with a winter peak for gas and two peaks (summer and winter) for coal. The annual cycle of total emissions has an amplitude of about 20 Tg-C, and is dominated by CO2 released from consumption of natural gas. Summation of the monthly estimates to obtain annual values reveals good agreement with other estimates of CO2 emissions. The varying proportions of CO2 emitted from each fuel type over the course of a year lead to an annual cycle in the carbon isotope ratio (delta(13)C), with a range of about 2%. These monthly carbon emissions estimates should be helpful in understanding the carbon cycle by providing (1) monthly/seasonal input for carbon cycle models, (2) estimates of the annual cycle of the C-13 isotope ratio in fossil-fuel CO2 emissions and (3) data at fine enough time intervals to investigate effects of seasonal climate variations and changes in seasonally dependent use patterns of certain appliances (e.g. air conditioners) on fossil-fuel carbon emissions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Blasing, TJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM blasingtj@ornl.gov RI Blasing, T/B-9498-2012 NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 57 IS 2 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00136.x PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 914ZO UT WOS:000228267600003 ER PT J AU Govindasamy, B Thompson, S Mirin, A Wickett, M Caldeira, K Delire, C AF Govindasamy, B Thompson, S Mirin, A Wickett, M Caldeira, K Delire, C TI Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity: results from a coupled climate and carbon cycle model SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ECOSYSTEM MODELS; LAND-USE; VEGETATION; BALANCE; CO2; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SIMULATIONS; RESPIRATION AB Coupled climate and carbon cycle modelling studies have shown that the feedback between global warming and the carbon cycle, in particular the terrestrial carbon cycle, could accelerate climate change and result in greater warming. In this paper we investigate the sensitivity of this feedback for year 2100 global warming in the range of 0 to 8 K. Differing climate sensitivities to increased CO2 content are imposed on the carbon cycle models for the same emissions. Emissions from the SIZES A2 scenario are used. We use a fully coupled climate and carbon cycle model, the INtegrated Climate and CArbon model (INCCA), the NCAR/DOE Parallel Climate Model coupled to the IBIS terrestrial biosphere model and a modified OCMIP ocean biogeochemistry model. In our integrated model, for scenarios with year 2100 global warming increasing from 0 to 8 K, land uptake decreases from 47% to 29% of total CO2 emissions. Due to competing effects, ocean uptake (16%) shows almost no change at all. Atmospheric CO2 concentration increases are 48% higher in the run with 8 K global climate warming than in the case with no warming. Our results indicate that carbon cycle amplification of climate warming will be greater if there is higher climate sensitivity to increased atmospheric CO2 content; the carbon cycle feedback factor increases from 1. 13 to 1.48 when global warming increases from 3.2 to 8 K. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Gaylord Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Govindasamy, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bala@llnl.gov RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011 NR 47 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 57 IS 2 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00135.x PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 914ZO UT WOS:000228267600007 ER PT J AU Shanahan, KL AF Shanahan, KL TI Comments on "Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition" SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Editorial Material DE cold fusion; excess heat; recombination ID SYSTEM; CELLS AB Szpak et at. have published a report [S. Szpak, P.A. Mosier-Boss, M.H. Miles, M. Fleischmann, Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition, Thermochim. Acta 410 (2004) 101] that attempts to present more evidence for the nuclear nature of the Fleischmann-Pons (-Hawkins) effect, and in that process attempt to reject recombination as the alternative cause of their observations. Unfortunately, they have misunderstood the at-the-electrode, under-the-surface recombination issue. This paper presents the basics of this model, including what physical conditions could produce a calibration constant shift and what might cause those conditions to arise. The new evidences are discussed and it is shown that the possibility of at-the-electrode recombination cannot be eliminated; in fact prior photographic evidence is shown to be reasonable evidence of this phenomenon. Thus in the absence of definitive data, the conclusion that apparent excess heat arises from a nuclear cause is premature. (c) 2004 WSKC. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Shanahan, KL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 735-11A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM kirk.shanahan@srs.gov NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD APR PY 2005 VL 428 IS 1-2 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2004.11.007 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 913JP UT WOS:000228148100032 ER PT J AU Jun, SI McKnight, TE Simpson, ML Rack, PD AF Jun, SI McKnight, TE Simpson, ML Rack, PD TI A statistical parameter study of indium tin oxide thin films deposited by radio-frequency sputtering SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE indium tin oxide (ITO); sputtering; Taguchi design; transparent electrode ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; STIMULATION AB In order to optimize the electrical and optical properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, a statistical analysis called Taguchi design was employed. It is shown that the sheet resistance and transmittance are inversely proportional to each other as a function of the process parameters. Additionally, the preferred orientation of crystalline ITO film is distinguishably changed with the increase of sputtering temperature and oxygen fraction (O-2/O-2+Ar) in the sputtering ambient. The change in crystallinity results from the content of incorporated oxygen, which significantly affects the electrical and optical properties of ITO films and causes a rearrangement of atoms to form preferred closed-packed plane orientation. Finally, the microstructure of the ITO films becomes denser with the increasing oxygen fraction. As a result of this work, we have successfully achieved low sheet resistance (7.0 Omega/square) and high transmittance (similar to 90%) for 300 nm thick films. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jun, SI (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sjun3@utk.edu RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 NR 11 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 476 IS 1 BP 59 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.09.011 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 904PB UT WOS:000227509100007 ER PT J AU Weber, TP Ma, B Balachandran, U McNallan, M AF Weber, TP Ma, B Balachandran, U McNallan, M TI Fabrication of biaxially textured magnesium oxide thin films by ion-beam-assisted deposition SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE thin films; deposition process; magnesium oxide; ion bombardment ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED-ZIRCONIA; MGO FILMS; CONDUCTORS; ALIGNMENT AB Biaxially textured MgO thin films were grown by ion-beam-assisted deposition. The film growth parameters of film thickness, ion-to-atom arrival ratio (r-value), ion beam angle, and ion beam voltage were studied. Film characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction, pole figure analysis, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of MgO (220) phi-scans and MgO (002) omega-scans, respectively, were used to evaluate in-plane and out-of-plane film texture. MgO (220) phi-scan FWHM of 3.2 degrees and MgO (002) omega-scan FWHM of 1.2 degrees was achieved on amorphous Si3N4-coated Si substrates using a 1500-V ion source oriented at 45 to the substrate normal and an r-value of 0.90. Depositions on metallic substrates yielded MgO (220) phi-scan FWHM values of 5.2 degrees and MgO (002) omega-scan FWHM of 2.5 degrees. Root-mean-square surface roughness of these films as measured by AFM was approximate to 2.3 nm. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Weber, TP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tpatrickweber@yahoo.com RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 476 IS 1 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.09.018 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 904PB UT WOS:000227509100011 ER PT J AU Saghir, SA Schultz, IR AF Saghir, SA Schultz, IR TI Toxicokinetics and oral bioavailability of halogenated acetic acids mixtures in naive and GSTzeta-Depleted rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 17-21, 2002 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Soc Toxicol DE drinking water disinfection byproducts; halogenated acetic acids; bromo; chloro; bromochloro; chlorobromo acetic acids; oral bioavailability; toxicokinetics; pharmacokinetics; human risk assessment ID GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE ZETA; CHLORINATION BY-PRODUCTS; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; DRINKING-WATER; DIBROMOACETIC ACID; CANCER INCIDENCE; TRICHLOROACETATE; INACTIVATION; LIVER AB Disinfection of drinking water typically produces a mixture of mono-, di-, and tri-halogenated acetic acids (HAAs). In this study, we investigated the toxicokinetics of HAA mixtures in naive and glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTzeta)-depleted male F344 rats administered orally or iv to Mixture-1 (monobromo [MBAA]- dichloro- [DCAA], chlorodibromo- [CDBAA], tribromo- [TBAA] acetic acids) or Mixture-2 (bromochloro- [BCAA], dibromo- [DBAA], trichloro- [TCAA] bromodichloro- [BDCAA] acetic acids) at a dose of 25 mu mol/kg HAA. Serial blood samples were collected at various times up to 36 h, and the plasma concentrations of each HAA quantified by GC-ECD. Rats were pretreated for 7 d with drinking water containing 0.2 g/l DCAA to deplete the GSTzeta (GSTZ1-1) activity in the liver. An additional group of GSTzeta-depleted rats were orally dosed with each mixture and euthanized at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h to determine tissue distribution of mixture components. In both mixtures, GSTzeta depletion primarily affected the toxicokinetics of di-HAAs (DCAA, BCAA, and DBAA), with the total body clearance (Cl-b) decreasing 3- to 10-fold. Interestingly, DCAA pretreatment appeared to increase the elimination of Mixture-2 tri-HAAs (TCAA and BDCAA). After oral administration, DCAA exhibited a complex time-course plasma profile with secondary peaks appearing long after completion of the initial absorption phase. This phenomenon coincided with elevated DCA levels in the lower portion of the GI tract compared to CDBAA and TBAA. Comparison of the results with previous studies employing similar or higher doses of individual HAAs indicated the primary difference in HAA toxicokinetics when administered as mixture was a reduction in Cl-b. These results suggest competitive interactions between tri- and di-HAAs beyond what would be predicted from individual HAA studies. For di-HAAs, the total dose is important, as clearance is dose dependent due to competition for GSTzeta. When considering HAA dosimetry, importance should be placed on both the components of the mixture and prior exposure history to di-HAAs. C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA 98352 USA. RP Schultz, IR (reprint author), Battelle MSL, 1529 W Sequin Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM ir_schultz@pnl.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD APR PY 2005 VL 84 IS 2 BP 214 EP 224 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfi070 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 911AQ UT WOS:000227973900003 PM 15625187 ER PT J AU Fortina, P Kricka, LJ Surrey, S Grodzinski, P AF Fortina, P Kricka, LJ Surrey, S Grodzinski, P TI Nanobiotechnology: the promise and reality of new approaches to molecular recognition SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NANOMECHANICAL CANTILEVER ARRAY; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; CARBON NANOTUBES; NANOPARTICLE PROBES; COULTER-COUNTER; DNA DETECTION; QUANTUM DOTS; PROTEINS; NANOCRYSTALS; MICROBEADS AB Nanobiotechnology is the convergence of engineering and molecular biology that is leading to a new class of multifunctional devices and systems for biological and chemical analysis with better sensitivity and specificity and a higher rate of recognition. Nano-objects with important analytical applications include nanotubes, nanochannels, nanoparticles, nanopores and nanocapacitors. Here, we take a critical look at the subset of recent developments in this area relevant to molecular recognition. Potential benefits of using nano-objects (nanotubes, quantum dots, nanorods and nanoprisms) and nanodevices (nanocapacitors, nanopores and nanocantilevers) leading to an expanded range of label multiplexing are described along with potential applications in future diagnostics. We also speculate on further pathways in nanotechnology development and the emergence of order in this somewhat chaotic, yet promising, new field. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Ctr Translat Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Cardeza Fdn Hematol Res, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fortina, P (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Ctr Translat Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. EM paolo.fortina@jefferson.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA 78848-04, R33-CA83220] NR 45 TC 126 Z9 137 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 168 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.02.007 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 915GL UT WOS:000228286000002 PM 15780707 ER PT J AU Qu, J Truhan, JJ Blau, PJ AF Qu, J Truhan, JJ Blau, PJ TI Investigation of the scuffing characteristics of candidate materials for heavy duty diesel fuel injectors SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE scuffing detection; scuffing resistance; fuel-lubricated ID LOW-LUBRICITY FUELS; LUBRICATED CONTACTS; SLIDING WEAR; STEEL AB The objective of this study is to characterize and understand the evolutionary processes that produce changes in the friction and surface damage in materials for possible use as heavy duty diesel fuel injector plungers. This work has involved the development of test methods to impart reciprocating motion to various metals, ceramics, and coated specimens in the presence of diesel fuel-like fluids. Commercial and candidate plunger materials, including 52100 steel, zirconia, cermets (TiC in Ni3Al matrix), and TiN coatings, were evaluated on a crossed-cylinders-like scuffing test we call the 'pin-on-twin' geometry. Contacts were lubricated by on-highway #2 diesel and Jet A aviation fuels. Using friction-based criteria, the material ranking was in good agreement with field experience with actual injectors from the diesel engine industry. Zirconia and cermets exhibited promising scuffing resistance in both fuels. Scuffing generally became more severe in the Jet A fuel. Experimental results indicated that smoother surfaces that are required to sustain higher injection pressures could be more vulnerable to scuffing due to their thinner lubricant films. Material transfer was the major scuffing mechanism of zirconia, cermets, and TiN coatings against steel. Micro-scratches were also observed on the matrix material of cermets. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qujn@ornl.gov OI Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-679X J9 TRIBOL INT JI Tribol. Int. PD APR PY 2005 VL 38 IS 4 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2004.08.018 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 908YT UT WOS:000227826800002 ER PT J AU Ajayi, OO Shi, B Soppet, MJ Erdemir, A Liang, H Fenske, GR AF Ajayi, OO Shi, B Soppet, MJ Erdemir, A Liang, H Fenske, GR TI Assessment of amorphous carbon coating for artificial joints application SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT STLE/ASME Tribology Conference CY OCT 26-29, 2003 CL PONTE VEDRA, FL SP STLE, ASME DE friction; wear; carbon coating; hip lmplant; ceramics; UHMWPE ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE; TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; SUPERLOW-FRICTION; GENE-THERAPY; WEAR DEBRIS; IN-VITRO; OSTEOLYSIS; VIVO; MOTION; FILMS AB Replacement of diseased or damaged human joints with artificial ones is now a common surgical procedure with a very high success rate. The hip and the knee are the two most replaced joints. Currently, these artificial joints only last 10-15 years before failing by aseptic loosening due to periprosthetic osteolysis. The root cause of osteolysis has been traced to the body's response to the presence of polyethylene wear debris, which is one of the articulating bearing surfaces. Thus, elimination or reduction of wear at the rubbing interface of the joint is expected to prevent or at least delay onset of osteolysis, thereby increasing joint reliability and durability Highly wear-resistant and biocompatible bearing surfaces can lower debris generation in artificial joints. In the present study we evaluated the friction and wear performance of newly developed Argonne carbon coatings and two ceramic materials (alumina and zirconia) as possible joint-bearing surfaces. Tests were conducted with a reciprocating pin-on-plate contact configuration using bovine serum as lubricant Wear of the ceramic materials was substantially (two orders of magnitude) less than that of polyethylene, and the wear of the carbon coating was several times less than that Of the ceramic materials. Results of the present study demonstrate that a plausible approach to enhance the durability of artificial joints is the engineering of the bearing surfaces with a highly wear-resistant coating. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Ajayi, OO (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD APR-JUN PY 2005 VL 48 IS 2 BP 190 EP 198 DI 10.1080/05698190590927424 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 923MY UT WOS:000228915200006 ER PT J AU Bradley, SA King, WE AF Bradley, SA King, WE TI Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science - Berkeley, CA, USA, October 5-10, 2003 - Preface SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UOP LLC, Des Plaines, IL 60017 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bradley, SA (reprint author), UOP LLC, 25 E Algonquin Rd, Des Plaines, IL 60017 USA. EM steven.bradley@uop.com; weking@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD APR PY 2005 VL 103 IS 1 BP VII EP VII DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.11.009 PG 1 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 913IV UT WOS:000228145800001 ER PT J AU Field, DP Trivedi, PB Wright, SI Kumar, M AF Field, DP Trivedi, PB Wright, SI Kumar, M TI Analysis of local orientation gradients in deformed single crystals SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Conference on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science CY OCT 05-10, 2003 CL Berkeley, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ Calif Davis DE aluminum; EBSD; geometrically necessary dislocations; orientation gradient ID DISLOCATION DENSITY AB Grain fragmentation and local orientation gradients in deformed single crystals are characterized using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to obtain statistically reliable information. Interrogation of the dislocation substructure is accomplished by extracting information gleaned from small point-to-point misorientations as measured by EBSD. Along with an estimate of the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) content, the point-to-point deviation from an average grain orientation is described by an orientation difference vector defined in Rodrigues space. Mapping of parameters such as GND, and divergence and gradient fields created from analysis of the difference vectors provide an alternative approach to obtain quantitative information and images from EBSD data. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EDAX, TexSEM Labs, Draper, UT 84020 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Field, DP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, 239 C Dana Hall,POB 642 920, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM field@mme.wsu.cdu RI Field, David/D-5216-2012 OI Field, David/0000-0001-9415-0795 NR 9 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD APR PY 2005 VL 103 IS 1 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.11.016 PG 7 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 913IV UT WOS:000228145800006 PM 15777598 ER PT J AU Rockhold, ML Yarwood, RR Niemet, MR Bottomley, PJ Selker, JS AF Rockhold, ML Yarwood, RR Niemet, MR Bottomley, PJ Selker, JS TI Experimental observations and numerical modeling of coupled microbial and transport processes in variably saturated sand SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Vadose Zone Research Meeting CY NOV, 2003 CL Valladolid, SPAIN ID UNSATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; STEADY INFILTRATION; DISSOLVED TOLUENE; BED FILTRATION; GAS-DIFFUSION; WATER-CONTENT; SOIL; TIME; COLUMNS AB An experimental and numerical investigation was conducted to study interactions between microbial dynamics and transport processes in variably saturated porous media. Experiments were conducted with constant, surface-applied water fluxes in duplicate, variably saturated, sand-filled columns that were uniformly inoculated with the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens HK44. The permeability of the sand in the columns was reduced by a factor of 45 during 1 wk of growth on glucose. Pressure heads increased ( became less negative) at all measured depths, but significant increases in the apparent volumetric water contents were observed in only the upper 5 cm of the columns, corresponding to the areas with the highest concentrations of attached bacteria. A numerical model was used to simulate the experiments. The model accounted for the processes of water flow, solute and bacterial transport, cell growth and accumulation, and O-2 consumption, and gas diffusion and exchange. Observed changes in water content and pressure head were reproduced approximately using fluid-media scaling to account for an apparent surface-tension lowering effect. Reasonable correspondence was obtained between observed and simulated effluent data and final attached biomass concentration distributions using first-order reversible cell attachment and detachment kinetics. The attachment rate coefficients were based on particle-filtration theory and time-dependent detachment rate coefficients. The results of this study illustrate the potential importance of using fully coupled multifluid flow and multicomponent reactive transport equations to model coupled biogeochemical and transport processes in soils. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. CH2M Hill Inc, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Rockhold, ML (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mark.rockhold@pnl.gov OI Selker, John/0000-0001-9751-6094 NR 59 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD APR PY 2005 VL 4 IS 2 BP 407 EP 417 DI 10.2136/vzj2004.0087 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 935RO UT WOS:000229799800015 ER PT J AU Tidwell, VC Brainard, JR AF Tidwell, VC Brainard, JR TI Laboratory evaluation of time domain reflectometry for continuous monitoring of stream stage, channel profile, and aqueous conductivity SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER CONTENT; SYSTEM; PROBE AB Time domain reflectometry (TDR) operates by propagating a radar frequency electromagnetic pulse down a transmission line while monitoring the reflected signal. As the electromagnetic pulse propagates along the transmission line, it is subject to impedance by the dielectric properties of the media along the transmission line ( e. g., air, water, and sediment), reflection at dielectric discontinuities (e.g., air-water or water-sediment interface), and attenuation by electrically conductive materials ( e. g., salts and clays). Taken together, these characteristics provide a basis for integrated stream monitoring, specifically, concurrent measurement of stream stage, channel profile, and aqueous conductivity. Requisite for such application is a means of extracting the desired stream parameters from measured TDR traces. Analysis is complicated by the fact that interface location and aqueous conductivity vary concurrently and multiple interfaces may be present at any time. For this reason a physically based multisection model employing the S-11 scatter function and Debeye parameters for dielectric dispersion and loss is used to analyze acquired TDR traces. Here we explore the capability of this multisection modeling approach for interpreting TDR data acquired from complex environments, such as encountered in stream monitoring. A series of laboratory tank experiments was performed in which the depth of water, depth of sediment, and conductivity were varied systematically. Comparisons between modeled and independently measured data indicate that TDR measurements can be made with an accuracy of +/- 3.4 x 10(-3) m for sensing the location of an air-water or water-sediment interface and +/- 7.4% of actual for the aqueous conductivity. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Flow & Transport Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tidwell, VC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Flow & Transport Proc Lab, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM vctidwe@sandia.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 4 AR W04001 DI 10.1029/2004WR003416 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 916GA UT WOS:000228372200002 ER PT J AU Qu, J Blau, PJ Watkins, TR Cavin, OB Kulkarni, NS AF Qu, J Blau, PJ Watkins, TR Cavin, OB Kulkarni, NS TI Friction and wear of titanium alloys sliding against metal, polymer, and ceramic counterfaces SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE titanium; ceramics; material transfer; tribochemical reaction AB Recent advances in lower-cost processing of titanium, coupled with its potential use as a light weight material in engines and brakes has renewed interest in the tribological behavior of titanium alloys. To help establish a baseline for further studies on the tribology of titanium against various classes of counterface materials, pin-on-disk sliding friction and wear experiments were conducted on two different titanium alloys (Ti-6A1-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo). Disks of these alloys were slid against fixed bearing balls composed of 440C stainless steel, silicon nitride, alumina, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) at two speeds: 0.3 and 1.0 m/s. The friction coefficient and wear rate were lower at the higher sliding speed. Ceramic sliders suffered unexpectedly higher wear than the steel slider. The wear rates, ranked from the highest to the lowest, were alumina, silicon nitride, and steel, respectively. This trend is inversely related to their hardness, but corresponds to their relative fracture toughness. Comparative tests on a Type 304 stainless steel disk supported the fracture toughness dependency. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the tendency of Ti alloys to transfer material to their counterfaces and suggested possible tribochemical reactions between the ceramic sliders and Ti alloy disks. These reaction products, which adhere to the ceramic sliders, may degrade the mechanical properties of the contact areas and result in high wear. The tribochemical reactions along with the fracture toughness dependency helped explain the high wear on the ceramic sliders. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, POB 2008,MS 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qujn@ornl.gov RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016; OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329; Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 NR 14 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD APR PY 2005 VL 258 IS 9 BP 1348 EP 1356 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2004.09.062 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 904TU UT WOS:000227521400003 ER PT J AU Grossman, RL Yates, D LeMone, MA Wesely, ML Song, J AF Grossman, RL Yates, D LeMone, MA Wesely, ML Song, J TI Observed effects of horizontal radiative surface temperature variations on the atmosphere over a midwest watershed during CASES 97 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; MESOSCALE CIRCULATIONS; HEAT-FLUX; SAMPLING ERRORS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PART I; AIRCRAFT; HETEROGENEITY; VARIABILITY AB [1] The association between similar to 10-km scale horizontal variation of radiometric surface temperature (T-s) and aircraft-derived fluxes of sensible heat ( H) and moisture ( LE) is the focus of this work. We use aircraft, surface, and satellite data from a Cooperative Atmospheric-Surface Exchange Studies ( CASES) field program, which took place in the southern part of the 60 x 100 km Walnut River ( Kansas) watershed from 22 April to 22 May 1997, when winter wheat matured and prairie grass greened up. Aircraft Ts observed along repeated flight tracks above the surface layer showed a persistent pattern: maxima over ridges characterized by shallow soil and rocky outcroppings and minima over riparian zones. H and T-s reached maxima in the same longitude zone on two flight tracks 40 km apart. Satellite T-s data from March to June reveal similar persistent patterns with minima more persistent than maxima. Two mechanisms are suggested to explain the association of H and T-s maxima: ( 1) for winds between 6 and 8 ms(-1), modulation of the surface energy budget by vegetation effects; or ( 2) for winds equal to or below 4 ms(-1), a thermally driven circulation centered on T-s maxima. Both mechanisms were possibly enhanced by increased static instability over the T-s maxima. Owing to the small sample available, these results are suggestive rather than conclusive. Effects of rainfall and vegetation on watershed-scale T-s gradients are also explored. C1 Colorado Res Associates, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Argonne Natl Labs, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL USA. RP Grossman, RL (reprint author), Colorado Res Associates, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM grossman@colorado.edu NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D6 AR D06117 DI 10.1029/2004JD004542 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 916DT UT WOS:000228366300001 ER PT J AU Gibson, JK Haire, RG Santos, M Marcalo, J de Matos, AP AF Gibson, JK Haire, RG Santos, M Marcalo, J de Matos, AP TI Oxidation studies of dipositive actinide ions, An(2+) (An = Th, U, Np, Pu, Am) in the gas phase: Synthesis and characterization of the isolated uranyl, neptunyl, and plutonyl ions UO(2)(2+)(g), NpO(2)(2+)(g), and PuO(2)(2+)(g) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHARGE SEPARATION PROCESSES; TRANSITION-METAL; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR DICATIONS; LANTHANIDE CATIONS; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; PROTON AFFINITY; FULLERENE IONS; URANIUM IONS AB Reactions of atomic and ligated dipositive actinide ions, An(2+), AnO(2+), AnOH(2+), and AnO(2)(2+) (An = Th, U, Np, Pu, Am) were systematically studied by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Kinetics were measured for reactions with the oxidants, N(2)O, C(2)H(4)O (ethylene oxide), H(2)O, O(2), CO(2), NO, and CH(2)O. Each of the five An(2+) ions reacted with one or more of these oxidants to produce AnO(2+), and reacted with H(2)O to produce AnOH(2+). The measured pseudo-first- order reaction rate constants, k, revealed disparate reaction efficiencies, k/k(COL): Th(2+) was generally the most reactive and Am 21 the least. Whereas each oxidant reacted with Th(2+) to give ThO(2+), only C(2)H(4)O oxidized AM(2+) to AMO(2+). The other An(2+) exhibited intermediate reactivities. Based on the oxidation reactions, bond energies and formation enthalpies were derived for the AnO(2+), as were second ionization energies for the monoxides, IE[AnO(+)]. The bare dipositive actinyl ions, UO(2)(2+), NpO(2)(2+), and PuO(2)(2+), were produced from the oxidation of the corresponding Ano(2+) by N(2)O, and by O(2) in the cases of UO(2+) and NpO(2+). Thermodynamic properties were derived for these three actinyls, including enthalpies of formation and electron affinities. It is concluded that bare UO(2)(2+), NpO(2)(2+), and PuO(2)(2+) are thermodynamically stable toward Coulomb dissociation to {AnO(+) + O(+)} or {An(+) + O(2)(+)}. It is predicted that bare AMO(2)(2+) is thermodynamically stable. In accord with the expected instability of Th(VI), ThO(2+) was not oxidized to ThO(2)(2+) by any of the seven oxidants. The gas-phase results are compared with the aqueous thermochemistry. Hydration enthalpies were derived here for uranyl and plutonyl; our Delta H(hyd)[UO(2)(2+)] is substantially more negative than the previously reported value, but is essentially the same as our Delta H(hyd)[PuO(2)(2+)]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Inst Tecnol Nucl, Dept Quim, P-2686953 Sacavem, Portugal. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gibsonjk@ornl.gov; jmarcalo@itn.pt RI Marcalo, Joaquim/J-5476-2013; Santos, Marta/A-2411-2012; OI Marcalo, Joaquim/0000-0001-7580-057X; Santos, Marta/0000-0002-8755-9442; Pires de Matos, Antonio/0000-0003-2674-6938 NR 79 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 2768 EP 2781 DI 10.1021/jp0447340 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 911HQ UT WOS:000227993600010 PM 16833590 ER PT J AU LaVerne, JA Tandon, L AF LaVerne, JA Tandon, L TI H-2 and Cl-2 production in the radiolysis of calcium and magnesium chlorides and hydroxides SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN FORMATION; IRRADIATED SODIUM-CHLORIDE; NACL SOLUTIONS; STORED ENERGY; HEAVY-IONS; WATER; DISSOLUTION AB The production of H-2 has been examined in the gamma-ray and 5 MeV He ion radiolysis of CaCl(2)(.)2H(2)O, CaCl2. 6H(2)O, Ca(OH)(2), MgCl(2)(.)2H(2)0, MgCl2-6H2O, and Mg(OH)(2)O. The highest yield for the formation of H-2 is observed in the gamma-radiolysis Of MgCl(2)(.)2H(2)O (0.72 molecule/(100 eV), 75 nmol/J), but the yield decreases with dose due to the relative instability of the dihydrate. The H-2 yields with the other compounds range from 0.04 to 0.2 molecule/(100 eV) (4.2-21 nmol/J), which is lower than that from pure water or 2 M chloride solutions. There appears to be no relationship between the results for H-2 from waters of hydration with that from aqueous salt brines. No particular trend is observed in the radiation chemical yields of H-2 with respect to the cation or the degree of hydration. The production Of Cl-2 is found only in the gamma-radiolysis of CaCl2 with a few weight percent of excess water. No Cl-2 was found in the 5 MeV He ion radiolysis of identical systems. None of the other compounds examined here showed detectable amounts Of Cl-2 formation. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Radiat Lab, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP LaVerne, JA (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Radiat Lab, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 2861 EP 2865 DI 10.1021/jp044166o PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 911HQ UT WOS:000227993600022 PM 16833602 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Lee, I Greenbaum, E AF Lee, JW Lee, I Greenbaum, E TI Imaging nanometer metallocatalysts formed by photosynthetic deposition of water-soluble transition-metal compounds SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN AB A method of imaging nanometer metallocatalysts formed by photosynthetic precipitation of the water-soluble transition- metal compounds [PtCl6](2-) and [RuCl6](2-) is reported. Hexachloroplatinate and hexachlororuthenate can accept up to four electrons from Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers in photosynthetic thylakoid membranes, thereby converting [PtCl6](2-) and [RuCl6](2-) anions to either metallic platinum (Pt) and ruthenium (Ru) and/or partially oxidized nanometer catalysts at the reducing sides of PSI molecules. Use of this method can potentially create nanometer-sized Pt and/or bimetallic catalysts (such as Pt-Ru) on biomembranes and molecules at pH 7 and room temperature with preservation of the biological function of the molecules. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn, Knoxville, TN 37991 USA. RP Greenbaum, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM greenbaum@ornl.gov NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 5409 EP 5413 DI 10.1021/jp044115r PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 911HS UT WOS:000227993800007 PM 16851572 ER PT J AU Ozensoy, E Hess, C Loffreda, D Sautet, P Goodman, DW AF Ozensoy, E Hess, C Loffreda, D Sautet, P Goodman, DW TI Formation of a high coverage (3 x 3) NO phase on Pd(111) at elevated pressures: Interplay between kinetic and thermodynamic accessibility SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CO+NO REACTION; CO ADSORPTION; SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; FREQUENCY; RH(111); CHEMISORPTION; DYNAMICS; RANGE; DFT AB Using in situ polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, a new high-coverage monomeric NO adsorption state on Pd(111) was observed and proposed to have a (3 x 3)-7NO structure. Formation of this high coverage NO phase was found to take place only at elevated pressure and temperature conditions showing that some of the accessible thermodynamic equilibrium states at elevated temperatures and pressures are thermodynamically unfavorable or kinetically hindered at lower temperatures and pressures. Our results emphasize the danger of extrapolating results from traditional surface science experiments performed under ultrahigh vacuum to elevated temperature and pressure conditions encountered in heterogeneous catalysis. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Abt Anorgan Chem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Chim Lab, UMR 5182, CNRS, F-69364 Lyon, France. RP Goodman, DW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, POB 30012, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. EM goodman@mail.chem.tamu.edu RI Sautet, Philippe/G-3710-2014 OI Sautet, Philippe/0000-0002-8444-3348 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 5414 EP 5417 DI 10.1021/jp044264+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 911HS UT WOS:000227993800008 PM 16851573 ER PT J AU Hsu, JWP Lang, DV West, KW Loo, YL Halls, MD Raghavachari, K AF Hsu, JWP Lang, DV West, KW Loo, YL Halls, MD Raghavachari, K TI Probing occupied states of the molecular layer in Au - alkanedithiol - GaAs diodes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL CONTACTS; ENERGY BARRIERS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACES; MONOLAYERS; SURFACES; DENSITY AB Internal photoemission (IPE) studies were performed on molecular diodes in which the alkanedithiol [HS(CH2)(n)SH, n = 8, 10] molecular layer is sandwiched between An and GaAs electrodes. The results are compared to those from Au-GaAs Schottky diodes. An exponential energy dependence in the IPE yield was observed for the molecular diodes, in contrast to the quadratic energy dependence characteristic of metal-semiconductor Schottky diodes, indicating that Art is not the source of electrons in the IPE process in the molecular diodes. From the GaAs dopant density dependence, we also can rule out GaAs being the source of these electrons. Compared with the results of cluster electronic structure calculations, we suggest that IPE is probing the occupied levels of GaAs-molecular interfacial states. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Hsu, JWP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwhsu@sandia.gov RI Loo, Yueh-Lin/C-6607-2011 NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 5719 EP 5723 DI 10.1021/jp044246s PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 911HS UT WOS:000227993800054 PM 16851619 ER PT J AU Chang, TM Dang, LX AF Chang, TM Dang, LX TI Liquid-vapor interface of methanol-water mixtures: A molecular dynamics study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION AB Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate the structural and thermodynamic properties and variations in the dipole moments of the liquid-vapor interfaces of methanol-water mixtures. Various methanol-water compositions were simulated at room temperature. We found that methanol tends to concentrate at the interface, and the Computed Surface tension shows a composition dependence that is consistent with experimental measurements. The methanol molecule shows preferred orientation near the interface with the rnethyl Group pointing into the vapor phase. The methanol in the mixture is found to have larger dipole moments than that of pure liquid methanol. The strong local field induced by the surrounding water molecules is partly the reason for this difference. The dependence of hydrogen-bonding patterns between methanol and water on the interface and the composition of the mixture is also discussed in the paper. C1 Univ Wisconsin Parkside, Dept Chem, Kenosha, WI 53141 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chang, TM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Parkside, Dept Chem, 900 Wood Rd,Box 2000, Kenosha, WI 53141 USA. EM chang@uwp.edu NR 37 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 12 BP 5759 EP 5765 DI 10.1021/jp045649v PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 911HS UT WOS:000227993800060 PM 16851625 ER PT J AU Curro, NJ Caldwell, T Bauer, ED Morales, LA Graf, MJ Bang, Y Balatsky, AV Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL AF Curro, NJ Caldwell, T Bauer, ED Morales, LA Graf, MJ Bang, Y Balatsky, AV Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL TI Unconventional superconductivity in PuCoGa5 SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; KNIGHT-SHIFT; NUCLEAR-RELAXATION; SPIN FLUCTUATION; CONSEQUENCES; NMR AB In the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity, electrons form ( Cooper) pairs through an interaction mediated by vibrations in the underlying crystal structure. Like lattice vibrations, antiferromagnetic fluctuations can also produce an attractive interaction creating Cooper pairs, though with spin and angular momentum properties different from those of conventional superconductors. Such interactions have been implicated for two disparate classes of materials-the copper oxides(1,2) and a set of Ce- and U-based compounds(3). But because their transition temperatures differ by nearly two orders of magnitude, this raises the question of whether a common pairing mechanism applies. PuCoGa5 has a transition temperature intermediate between those classes and therefore may bridge these extremes(4). Here we report measurements of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate and Knight shift in PuCoGa5, which demonstrate that it is an unconventional superconductor with properties as expected for antiferromagnetically mediated superconductivity. Scaling of the relaxation rates among all of these materials ( a feature not exhibited by their Knight shifts) establishes antiferromagnetic fluctuations as a likely mechanism for their unconventional superconductivity and suggests that related classes of exotic superconductors may yet be discovered. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. RP Curro, NJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM curro@lanl.gov RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Curro, Nicholas/D-3413-2009 OI Curro, Nicholas/0000-0001-7829-0237 NR 27 TC 212 Z9 213 U1 5 U2 41 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 434 IS 7033 BP 622 EP 625 DI 10.1038/nature03428 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 911NN UT WOS:000228011000039 PM 15800618 ER PT J AU Brixner, T Stenger, J Vaswani, HM Cho, M Blankenship, RE Fleming, GR AF Brixner, T Stenger, J Vaswani, HM Cho, M Blankenship, RE Fleming, GR TI Two-dimensional spectroscopy of electronic couplings in photosynthesis SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PHOTON-ECHOES; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; CHLOROBIUM-TEPIDUM; DIFFRACTIVE OPTICS; ANTENNA COMPLEXES; LINE-SHAPES; FMO COMPLEX; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN AB Time-resolved optical spectroscopy is widely used to study vibrational and electronic dynamics by monitoring transient changes in excited state populations on a femtosecond timescale(1). Yet the fundamental cause of electronic and vibrational dynamics-the coupling between the different energy levels involved-is usually inferred only indirectly. Two-dimensional femtosecond infrared spectroscopy based on the heterodyne detection of three-pulse photon echoes(2-7) has recently allowed the direct mapping of vibrational couplings, yielding transient structural information. Here we extend the approach to the visible range(3,8) and directly measure electronic couplings in a molecular complex, the Fenna-Matthews-Olson photosynthetic light-harvesting protein(9,10). As in all photosynthetic systems, the conversion of light into chemical energy is driven by electronic couplings that ensure the efficient transport of energy from light-capturing antenna pigments to the reaction centre(11). We monitor this process as a function of time and frequency and show that excitation energy does not simply cascade stepwise down the energy ladder. We find instead distinct energy transport pathways that depend sensitively on the detailed spatial properties of the delocalized excited-state wavefunctions of the whole pigment-protein complex. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Inst Quantitat Biomed Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Korea Univ, Div Chem & Mol Engn, Ctr Multidimens Spect, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Fleming, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM grfleming@lbl.gov RI Brixner, Tobias/S-1451-2016 OI Brixner, Tobias/0000-0002-6529-704X NR 30 TC 692 Z9 702 U1 23 U2 255 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 31 PY 2005 VL 434 IS 7033 BP 625 EP 628 DI 10.1038/nature03429 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 911NN UT WOS:000228011000040 PM 15800619 ER PT J AU Mecarova, M Miller, NA Clark, NC Ott, KC Pietrass, T AF Mecarova, M Miller, NA Clark, NC Ott, KC Pietrass, T TI Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia on gallium-exchanged ferrierites SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE selective catalytic reduction; NOx removal; lean burn catalysis; gallium; ferrierite; NMR; TPD ID NITRIC-OXIDE; FE-ZSM-5 CATALYST; ZEOLITES; BEHAVIOR; STORAGE AB Selective catalytic reduction of NOx on Ga3+ exchanged ferrierite zeolites (FER) using ammonia as reductant shows high rates of NO, conversion, although neither the catalytic reaction mechanism nor the role of the gallium is understood. We investigate the features of the structure of the catalyst and the mechanism of the catalytic reduction of NOx to N-2 using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, complemented by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and catalytic conversion measurements. The NMR studies are enabled by the diamagnetic nature of the gallium-exchanged zeolites in contrast to many of the transition metal exchanged zeolites which are often paramagnetic. Two different ferrierite samples were chosen for comparison, one containing significant quantities of K+ and Na+, the other being largely alkali-free. The gallium-exchanged zeolites and their parent materials were characterized using Si-29, Al-27, Ga-71, and Xe-129 NMR. Reactions run under batch-mode conditions using ammonia as the reducing agent clearly show the formation of nitrogen in the N-15 NMR spectra. Our results show that the acidity of the zeolite is more important for catalytic reduction than the presence of gallium when NO., is supplied to the catalyst as a 1:1 mixture of NO and NO2. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mecarova, M (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM mirmec@nmt.edu NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 282 IS 1-2 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2004.12.017 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 909OF UT WOS:000227868500032 ER PT J AU Tang, YJ Zakharov, LN Kassel, WS Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA AF Tang, YJ Zakharov, LN Kassel, WS Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA TI Synthesis and structural characterization of solvated calcium amides containing bulky silylamide ligands SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE calcium amides; X-ray crystallography; silylamide; tricoordinate calcium; synthesis ID ALKALINE-EARTH METAL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MAGNESIUM; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; FIXATION; BARIUM; MG AB A series of solvated calcium bis(amides) with the general formula Ca[N(R)(SiMe3)](2)(Solv)(x) (R = -SiMe(2)t-Bu, -SiPh(2)t-Bu, and -SiPh3) was prepared from the reaction of CaI2 With 2 equiv of the corresponding potassium amide. Solvent ligands used in this study include THF, pyridine (py), hexamethylphosphoranide (HMPA), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). The coordinated THF in Ca[N(SiMe(2)t-Bu)(SiMe3)](2)(THF)(2) could be replaced by stronger donating ligands. When -N[(SiPh3)(SiMe3)] was used as the amide ligand again a bis(THF) adduct was formed. Quite interestingly, when the more sterically-demanding ligand N[(SiPh(2)t-Bu)(SiNle(3))] ligand was used only one THF molecule could coordinate to Ca, leading to a rare example of a tri-coordinate Ca bis(amide). One of the starting amides, [KN(SiMe(2)t-Bu)(SiMe3)](2), was isolated and found to adopt a dimeric structure in the solid state. All complexes were characterized with H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, elemental analyses, and X-ray crystallography when appropriate. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Kemp, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, MSC 03 2060, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rakemp@unm.edu NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 358 IS 6 BP 2014 EP 2022 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2004.12.019 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 911BI UT WOS:000227975700035 ER PT J AU Tupper, KA Tilley, TD AF Tupper, KA Tilley, TD TI Synthesis and characterization of scandium complexes with reduced ligands: Crystal structures of Cp*ScI2, [Cp*ScI(bpy)](2), and [Cp*ScCl(bpy)](2) SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE bipyridine; reduction; pi-pi interaction; low valent ID 1-AZA-ALLYL COMPLEXES; OXIDATION-STATE; BONDS; STABILIZATION; COORDINATION; DERIVATIVES; REACTIVITY; ALUMINUM; ALKYL AB The synthesis and characterization of complexes containing a Cp*Sc(R(2)bpy) (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, bpy = 4,4'-R,R-2,2'-bipyridine, R = H, Me) motif are described. CP*ScI2 (1) was prepared from Cp*Sc(acaC)(2) (acac = acetylacetonate) and AlI3 (2 equiv) in pentane. Compound 1 reacted with bipyridine and 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dmb) in benzene to yield CP*ScI2(bpy) (3) and CP*ScI2(dmb) (4), respectively. Compound 3 was reduced by alkali metal reductants such as Na/Hg, NaK2, and K in aromatic solvents to yield [Cp*ScI(bpY)](2) (5). The chloride analog of 5, [Cp*ScCI(bpy)](2) (7), was prepared from CP*ScCl2 by salt metathesis with Li-2(dme)(2)bpy (6) (dme = dimethoxyethane) in toluene. Compounds 1, 5, and 7 have been structurally characterized. Analysis of the bond distances of the bipyridine ligands in 5 and 7, together with infrared and UV/vis spectroscopic data, suggest that the bipyridine ligands in these molecules exist as radical anions. The bipyridine ligands in 5 and 7 are arranged co-facially and are in close proximity (<= 3.30 angstrom), suggesting the presence of a pi-pi interaction. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tilley, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tdtilley@berkeley.edu NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 690 IS 7 BP 1689 EP 1698 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.01.017 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 916RE UT WOS:000228402700001 ER PT J AU Brazhkin, VV McNeil, LE Grimsditch, M Bendeliani, NA Dyuzheva, TI Lityagina, LM AF Brazhkin, VV McNeil, LE Grimsditch, M Bendeliani, NA Dyuzheva, TI Lityagina, LM TI Elastic constants of stishovite up to its amorphization temperature SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS STATE; ALPHA-QUARTZ; X-RAY; PRESSURE; TRANSITION; PHASE; SIO2; INSTABILITY; SILICA; MODULI AB Brillouin spectra of stishovite were measured up to the amorphization temperature (T-am similar to 830 K) using large (1 mm) defect-free single crystals. At room temperature the sound velocities extracted from the BLS yield all six elastic constants. The derived bulk modulus and the polycrystalline shear modulus of stishovite at ambient conditions are B = 316 GPa, G = 222 GPa. Between room temperature and 800 K only a small decrease of the elastic constants was observed. This is an indication that the amorphization process is not due to a soft, long-wavelength, acoustic phonon. Room-temperature Raman spectra from samples heated to close to the amorphization temperature show that amorphization occurs more rapidly on the (110) than on the (001) crystallographic face. These results, together with those of x-ray measurements from the literature, allow us to conclude that amorphization in stishovite is most likely a surface phenomenon initiated by large oscillations of the Si atoms within the crystal faces whose normals are perpendicular to the c-axis. C1 Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Russia. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Brazhkin, VV (reprint author), Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Russia. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1869 EP 1875 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/12/011 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 919KK UT WOS:000228616700015 ER PT J AU Samia, ACS Hyzer, K Schlueter, JA Qin, CJ Jiang, JS Bader, SD Lin, XM AF Samia, ACS Hyzer, K Schlueter, JA Qin, CJ Jiang, JS Bader, SD Lin, XM TI Ligand effect on the growth and the digestion of co nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE CONTROL; COBALT; NANOPARTICLES; EVOLUTION; CLUSTERS; SHAPE C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lin, XM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM xmlin@anl.gov RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 21 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 12 BP 4126 EP 4127 DI 10.1021/ja044419r PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 909YB UT WOS:000227895500005 PM 15783167 ER PT J AU Lee, JJ Stanger, KJ Noll, BC Gonzalez, C Marquez, M Smith, BD AF Lee, JJ Stanger, KJ Noll, BC Gonzalez, C Marquez, M Smith, BD TI Rapid fixation of methylene chloride by a macrocyclic amine SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT PROPERTIES; REACTIVITY; DICHLOROMETHANE C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Walther Canc Res Ctr, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NIST, Phys & Chem Properties Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Smith, BD (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM smith.115@nd.edu RI Lee, Jung-Jae/B-6837-2008 NR 13 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 12 BP 4184 EP 4185 DI 10.1021/ja042208g PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 909YB UT WOS:000227895500034 PM 15783196 ER PT J AU Cape, JL Bowman, MK Kramer, DM AF Cape, JL Bowman, MK Kramer, DM TI Reaction intermediates of quinol oxidation in a photoactivatable system that mimics electron transfer in the cytochrome bc(1) complex SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; CYCLE BYPASS REACTIONS; HYDROGEN-ATOM TRANSFER; Q(O) SITE; UBIQUINOL OXIDATION; UBIHYDROQUINONE OXIDATION; STRUCTURAL BASIS; RIESKE PROTEIN; BC COMPLEXES; MECHANISM AB Current competing models for the two-electron oxidation of quinol (QH(2)) at the cytochrome b(C1), complex and related complexes impose distinct requirements for the reaction intermediate. At present, the intermediate species of the enzymatic oxidation process have not been observed or characterized, probably due to their transient nature. Here, we use a biomimetic oxidant, excited-state Ru(bpy)(2)(pbim)(+) (bpy = 2,2'-dipyridyl, pbim = 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazolate) in an aprotic medium to probe the oxidation of the ubiquinol analogue, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol (UQH(2)-0), and the plastoquinol analogue, trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinol (TMQH(2)-0), using time-resolved and steady-state spectroscopic techniques. Despite its simplicity, this system qualitatively reproduces key features observed during ubiquinol oxidation by the mitochondrial cytochrome b(C1) complex. Comparison of isotope-dependent activation properties in the native and synthetic systems as well as analysis of the time-resolved direct-detection electron paramagnetic resonance signals in the synthetic system allows us to conclude that (1) the initial and rate-limiting step in quinol oxidation, both in the biological and biomimetic systems, involves electron and proton transfer, probably via a proton-coupled electron-transfer mechanism, (2) a neutral semiquinone intermediate is formed in the biomimetic system, and (3) oxidation of the QH center dot/QH(2) couple for UQH(2)-0, but not TMQH(2)-0, exhibits an unusual and unexpected primary deuterium kinetic isotope effect on its Arrhenius activation energy (Delta G(TS)), where Delta G(TS) for the protiated form is larger than that for the deuterated form. The same behavior is observed during steady-state turnover of the cyt b(C1) complex using ubiquinol, but not plastoquinol, as a substrate, leading to the conclusion that similar chemical pathways are involved in both systems. The synthetic system is an unambiguous n = 1 electron acceptor, and it is thus inferred that sequential oxidation of ubiquinol (by two sequential n = 1 processes) is more rapid than a truly concerted (n = 2) oxidation in the cyt b(C1) complex. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Battelle NW Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kramer, DM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, 289 Clark Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dkramer@wsu.edu RI Bowman, Michael/F-4265-2011 OI Bowman, Michael/0000-0003-3464-9409 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM61904] NR 79 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 12 BP 4208 EP 4215 DI 10.1021/ja043955g PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 909YB UT WOS:000227895500040 PM 15783202 ER PT J AU Huang, F Banfield, JF AF Huang, F Banfield, JF TI Size-dependent phase transformation kinetics in nanocrystalline ZnS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; ORIENTED ATTACHMENT; STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; TRANSITIONS; STABILITY; INSIGHTS; TIO2 AB Nanocrystalline ZnS was coarsened under hydrothermal conditions to investigate the effect of particle size on phase transformation kinetics. Although bulk wurtzite is metastable relative to sphalerite below 1020 degrees C at low pressure, sphalerite transforms to wurtzite at 225 degrees C in the hydrothermal experiments. This indicates that nanocrystalline wurtzite is stable at low temperature. High-resolution transmission electron microscope data indicate there are no pure wurtzite particles in the coarsened samples and that wurtzite only grows on the surface of coarsened sphalerite particles. Crystal growth of wurtzite stops when the diameter of the sphalerite-wurtzite interface reaches similar to 22 nm. We infer that crystal growth of wurtzite is kinetically controlled by the radius of the sphalerite-wurtzite interface. A new phase transformation kinetic model based on collective movement of atoms across the interface is developed to explain the experimental results. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huang, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fujian 350002, Peoples R China. EM fhuang@fjirsm.ac.cn NR 21 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 9 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 30 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 12 BP 4523 EP 4529 DI 10.1021/ja048121c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 909YB UT WOS:000227895500074 PM 15783236 ER PT J AU Mitchell, DA Erwin, PA Michel, T Marletta, MA AF Mitchell, DA Erwin, PA Michel, T Marletta, MA TI S-nitrosation and regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-RESIDUES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; L-ARGININE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; HEME DOMAIN; ZINC; DIMER; TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN AB The inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and three zinc tetrathiolate mutants (C104A, C109A, and C104A/C109A) were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The mutants were found by ICP-AES and the zinc-specific PAR colorimetric assay to be zinc free, whereas the wild-type iNOS zinc content was 0.38 +/- 0.01 mol of Zn/mol of iNOS dimer. The cysteine mutants (C104A and C109A) had an activity within error of wild-type iNOS (2.24 +/- 0.12 mu mol of NO min(-1) mg(-1)), but the double cysteine mutant had a modestly decreased activity (1.75 +/- 0.14 mu mol of NO min(-1) mg(-1)). To determine if NO could stimulate release of zinc and dimer dissociation, wild-type protein was allowed to react with an NO donor, DEA/NO, followed by buffer exchange. ICP-AES of samples treated with 10 mu M DEA/NO showed a decrease in zinc content (0.23 +/- 0.01 to 0.09 +/- 0.01 mol of Zn/mol of iNOS dimer) with no loss of heme iron. Gel filtration of wild-type iNOS treated similarly resulted in similar to 20% more monomeric iNOS compared to a DEA-treated sample. Only wild-type iNOS had decreased activity (42 +/- 2%) after reaction with 50 mu M DEA/NO compared to a control sample. Using the blotin switch method under the sarne conditions, only wild-type iNOS had increased levels of S-biotinylation. S-Biotinylation was mapped to C104 and C109 on wild-type iNOS using LysC digestion and MALDIZ TOF/TOF MS. Immunoprecipitation of iNOS from the mouse rnacrophage cell line, RAW-264.7, and the biotin switch method were used to confirm endo-enOLIS S-nitrosation of iNOS, The data show that S-nitrosation of the zinc tetrathiolate cysteine results in zinc release frorn the dimer interface and formation of inactive monorners, suggesting that this mode of inhibition might occur in vivo. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Phys Biosci, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA 02132 USA. RP Marletta, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 211 Lewis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM marletta@berkeley.edu RI Mitchell, Douglas/C-4400-2011; Mitchell, Doug/B-6349-2012 OI Mitchell, Doug/0000-0002-9564-0953 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 46457]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 36259] NR 63 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 12 BP 4636 EP 4647 DI 10.1021/bi0474463 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 909EH UT WOS:000227842500004 PM 15779890 ER PT J AU Chen, BW Mayer, MU Squier, TC AF Chen, BW Mayer, MU Squier, TC TI Structural uncoupling between opposing domains of oxidized calmodulin underlies the enhanced binding affinity and inhibition of the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVELY MODIFIED CALMODULIN; CALCIUM-BINDING; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; N-DOMAIN; VERTEBRATE CALMODULIN/; MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR; DEPENDENT ACTIVATION; ROTATIONAL-DYNAMICS; COOPERATIVE BINDING; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE AB Stabilization of the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase (PMCA) in an inactive conformation upon oxidation of multiple methionines in the calcium regulatory protein calmodulin (CaM) is part of an adaptive cellular response to minimize ATP utilization and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under conditions of oxidative stress. To differentiate oxidant-induced structural changes that selectively modify the amino-terminal domain of CaM from those that modulate the conformational coupling between the opposing domains. we have engineered a tetracysteine binding motif within helix A in the amino-terminal domain of calmodulin (CaM) that permits the selective and rigid attachment of the conformationally sensitive fluorescent probe 4',5'-bis(1,3,2-dithioarsolan-2-yl)fluorescein-(1,2-ethanedithiol)(2) (FlAsH-EDT2). The position of the FlAsH label in the amino-terminal domain provides a signal for monitoring its binding to the CaM-binding sequence of the PMCA. Following methionine oxidation, there is an enhanced binding affinity between the amino-terminal domain and the CaM-binding sequence of the PMCA. To identify oxidant-induced structural changes, we used frequency domain fluorescence anisotropy measurements to assess the structural coupling between helix A and the amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains of CaM. Helix A undergoes large amplitude motions in apo-CaM; following calcium activation, helix A is immobilized as part of a conformational switch that Couples the opposing domains of CaM to stabilize the high-affinity binding cleft associated with target protein binding. Methionine oxidation disrupts the structural coupling between opposing globular domains of CaM, without affecting the calcium-dependent immobilization of helix A associated with activation of the amino-terminal domain to promote high-affinity binding, to target proteins. We suggest that this selective disruption of the structural linkage between the opposing globular domains of CaM relieves steric constraints associated with high-affinity target binding, permitting the formation of new contact interactions between the amino-terminal domain and the CaM-binding sequence that stabilizes the PMCA in an inhibited conformation. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Squier, TC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, POB 999,Mail Stop P7-53, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM thomas.squier@pnl.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [AG17996] NR 75 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 12 BP 4737 EP 4747 DI 10.1021/bi047113 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 909EH UT WOS:000227842500014 PM 15779900 ER PT J AU Bosqued, JM Escoubet, CP Frey, HU Dunlop, M Berchem, J Marchaudon, A Cerisier, JC Fazakerley, A Budnik, E Lavraud, B Reme, H Laakso, H Balogh, A AF Bosqued, JM Escoubet, CP Frey, HU Dunlop, M Berchem, J Marchaudon, A Cerisier, JC Fazakerley, A Budnik, E Lavraud, B Reme, H Laakso, H Balogh, A TI Multipoint observations of transient reconnection signatures in the cusp precipitation: A Cluster-IMAGE detailed case study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; HIGH-LATITUDE MAGNETOPAUSE; DYNAMIC PRESSURE VARIATIONS; LOW-ALTITUDE SATELLITE; SOLAR-WIND CONDITIONS; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; PROTON AURORA; POLAR CUSP; PARTICLE SIGNATURES AB [1] This paper uses 90 min of Cluster multipoint data at similar to 5 R(E) altitude together with global dayside imaging data provided by the IMAGE-SI-12 instrument to analyze the northern cusp crossed on 14 July 2001, during a period of high solar wind pressure P(sw) and strongly duskward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Simultaneous observations reveal intense cusp activity in the postnoon sector, characterized by multiple, impulsive energy-dispersed ion injections, with a recurrence time of similar to 8 - 10 min or less. Most of these transient signatures correspond one to one with repeated P(sw) enhancements. A multipoint analysis reveals that field-aligned current sheets associated with ion steps are moving predominantly westward with a velocity, up to similar to 20 km/s, in agreement with a flux tube motion controlled by magnetic tension forces when IMF B(y) >> 0. These data are used to infer a source region located at similar to 7 - 13 R(E) from Cluster, that is, on the dusk flank of the compressed magnetosphere, around 17 18 magnetic local time. We interpret these very dynamic and transient features as probable signatures of pulsed magnetic reconnection that is operating in a localized region of the magnetopause centered in the preferential antiparallel merging site. Our results suggest that the reconnection rate is not spontaneously self-varying but may be directly modulated by either upstream dynamic pressure P(sw) or changes in the IMF polarity. C1 CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Dept Space Sci, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. Ctr Etud Environm Terr & Planetaires, F-94107 St Maur des Fosses, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Space & Atmospher Phys Grp, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Bosqued, JM (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, 9 Ave Colonel Roche,BP 4346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. EM bosqued@cesr.fr RI dunlop, malcolm/F-1347-2010; OI Frey, Harald/0000-0001-8955-3282 NR 80 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A3 AR A03219 DI 10.1029/2004JA010621 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916FI UT WOS:000228370400002 ER PT J AU Strangeway, RJ Ergun, RE Su, YJ Carlson, CW Elphic, RC AF Strangeway, RJ Ergun, RE Su, YJ Carlson, CW Elphic, RC TI Factors controlling ionospheric outflows as observed at intermediate altitudes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; ION ENERGIZATION; AURORAL REGION; UPFLOWS AB [1] Data acquired by the Fast Auroral Snapshot ( FAST) Small Explorer during the 24 - 25 September 1998 geomagnetic storm have been used to determine the controlling parameters for ionospheric outflows. The data were restricted to dayside magnetic local times. Two primary sources of ion outflows are considered: ion heating through dissipation of downward Poynting flux and electron heating through soft electron precipitation. Ion outflows are shown to be correlated with both, although ion outflows have a higher correlation with soft electrons, measured by the density of precipitating electrons. At 4000 km altitude it is found that f(i) = 1.022 x 10(9 +/- 0.341) n(ep) (2.200 +/- 0.489), where f(i) is the ion flux in cm(-2) s(-1) and n(ep) is precipitating electron density, with a correlation coefficient r = 0.855, based on log-log regression. This scaling law can be mapped to other altitudes by scaling the flux and density with the magnetic field magnitude. The ion flux is also correlated with the Poynting flux, f(i) = 2.142 x 10 (7 +/- 0.242) S (1.265 +/- 0.445), where S is the Poynting flux at 4000 km altitude in mW m(-2) and r = 0.721. Either of these two scaling laws can be used specify ion outflow fluxes, since there is a strong intercorrelation between the various parameters. In particular the present study cannot completely eliminate either of the two candidate processes ( ion versus electron heating in the ionosphere, corresponding to Poynting flux versus soft electron precipitation). Soft electron precipitation does have a higher correlation coefficient, however, and if possible the precipitating electron density scaling law should be used. Since Poynting flux may be more easily specified in global simulations, for example, this scaling law is a useful alternate. For the interval under study the ion outflows were dominated by oxygen ions, predominantly in the form of ion conics, with a characteristic energy of order 10 - 30 eV. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Strangeway, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM strange@igpp.ucla.edu NR 20 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A3 AR A03221 DI 10.1029/2004JA010829 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 916FI UT WOS:000228370400005 ER PT J AU Fu, RW Baumann, TF Cronin, S Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS Satcher, JH AF Fu, RW Baumann, TF Cronin, S Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS Satcher, JH TI Formation of graphitic structures in cobalt- and nickel-doped carbon aerogels SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID CATALYTIC GRAPHITIZATION; SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS; ORGANIC AEROGELS; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTUBES; GROWTH AB We have prepared carbon aerogels (CAs) doped with cobalt or nickel through sol-gel polymerization of formaldehyde with the potassium salt of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, followed by ion exchange with M(NO3)(2) (where M = Co2+ or Ni2+), supercritical drying with liquid CO2, and carbonization at temperatures between 400 and 1050 degrees C under a N-2 atmosphere. The nanostructures of these metal-doped carbon aerogels were characterized by elemental analysis, nitrogen adsorption, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Metallic nickel and cobalt nanoparticles are generated during the carbonization process at about 400 and 450 degrees C, respectively, forming nanoparticles that are similar to 4 nm in diameter. The sizes and size dispersion of the metal particles increase with increasing carbonization temperatures for both materials. The carbon frameworks of the Ni- and Co-doped aerogels carbonized below 600 degrees C mainly consist of interconnected carbon particles with a size of 15-30 nm. When the samples are pyrolyzed at 1050 degrees C, the growth of graphitic nanoribbons with different curvatures is observed in the Ni- and Co-doped carbon aerogel materials. The distance of graphite layers in the nanoribbons is similar to 0.38 nm. These metal-doped CAs retain the overall open cell structure of metal-free CAs, exhibiting high surface areas and pore diameters in the micro- and mesoporic region. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Zhongshan Univ, PCFM Lab, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. RP Baumann, TF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM baumann2@llnl.gov NR 25 TC 91 Z9 95 U1 14 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2647 EP 2651 DI 10.1021/la047344d PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400005 PM 15779927 ER PT J AU Liu, G Liu, TB AF Liu, G Liu, TB TI Thermodynamic properties of the unique self-assembly of {Mo72Fe30} inorganic macro-ions in salt-free and salt-containing aqueous solutions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; POLYELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS; GIANT CLUSTER; POLY(LYSINE); KEPLERATE; SPHERES; WHEEL AB Static and dynamic laser light scattering techniques are used to monitor the slow self-assembly of 2.5-nm-diameter, hollow spherical, fully hydrophilic heteropolyoxometalate {Mo72Fe30} macro-ions into single-layer vesicle-like "blackberries" (averaging similar to 50-60 nm in diameter) in dilute salt-free and salt-containing aqueous solutions, to obtain the thermodynamic properties of the unique self-assembly. A very high activation energy is observed during the transition from the single ion (general solute state) to blackberries (so-called "second solute state"), which might be responsible for the interestingly slow self-assembly process in dilute solutions. The thermodynamic parameters of the blackberry formation can be affected by adding simple electrolytes into the solution, because the electrostatic interactions are responsible for the unique self-assembly, and the effects of various anions and cations (in the low salt concentration regimes) are discussed. Multivalent anions make the single {Mo72Fe30} macro-ions more stable and make the blackberry formation more difficult. Small cations carrying more charges tend to accelerate the self-assembly process. This is the first study on the thermodynamic properties of the novel self-assembly in dilute solutions and the equilibrium and transition between the two solute states of macro-ions in solution. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, TB (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM TIL204@lehigh.edu RI Liu, Tianbo/D-8915-2017 OI Liu, Tianbo/0000-0002-8181-1790 NR 29 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2713 EP 2720 DI 10.1021/la047897o PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400017 PM 15779939 ER PT J AU Huang, QR Dubin, PL Lal, J Moorefield, CN Newkome, GR AF Huang, QR Dubin, PL Lal, J Moorefield, CN Newkome, GR TI Small-angle neutron scattering studies of charged carboxyl-terminated dendrimers in solutions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID FREE POLYELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS; CASCADE POLYMERS; POLY(PROPYLENEIMINE) DENDRIMERS; HYDRODYNAMIC RADII; MOLECULES; CHEMISTRY; SIZE; PH; MACROMOLECULES; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Small-angle neutron scattering was used to characterize the solution behavior of charged carboxylic acid terminated "cascade" dendrimers (Z-Cascade/methane [[4]/3-oxo-6-oxa-2-azaheptylidyne/3-oxo-2-azaheptylidyne/propanoic acids) of third (G3) and fifth (G5) generations as a function of dendrimer concentration, pH, and ionic strength. An increase in dendrimer concentration leads to a single broad peak in the scattering profile arising from interdendrimer interaction. The dissociation of terminal carboxylate groups also gives rise to an interdendrimer interaction peak, which could be suppressed by the addition of excess salt. The results of contrast matching measurements indicate the accumulation of an excess concentration of tetramethylammonium counterions around the surface of these highly charged particles, and the thickness of these counterions lies somewhere between 4 and 6 A. This conclusion is consistent with our previous potentiometric titration (Zhang, H.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 3494) and capillary electrophoresis (Huang, Q. R.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 898) data. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Univ Akron, Dept Chem, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. RP Huang, QR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 65 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2737 EP 2742 DI 10.1021/la048207j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400020 PM 15779942 ER PT J AU Johnson, SB Yoon, TH Brown, GE AF Johnson, SB Yoon, TH Brown, GE TI Adsorption of organic matter at mineral/water interfaces: 5. Effects of adsorbed natural organic matter analogues on mineral dissolution SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BOEHMITE GAMMA-ALOOH; BENZENECARBOXYLATE SURFACE COMPLEXATION; GOETHITE (ALPHA-FEOOH)/WATER INTERFACE; AQUEOUS ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; O-PHTHALATE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; WATER INTERFACE; TITRATION DATA AB The effects of the adsorption of pyromellitate, an analogue for natural organic matter, on the dissolution behavior of corundum (alpha-Al2O3) have been examined over a wide range of pyromellitate concentrations (0-2.5 mM) and pH conditions (2-10). The adsorption modes of pyromellitate on corundum have first been examined using in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and are shown to be dominated by a fully deprotonated, outer-sphere pyromellitate species (equivalent to A1OH(2)(+)center dot center dot center dot Pyr(4-)) at pH >= 5.0. At lower pH conditions, however, an additional protonated outer-sphere species (equivalent to A1OH(2)(+)center dot center dot center dot H(2)Pyr(2-)) and an inner-sphere species are also evident. In accordance with the ATR-FTIR findings, modeling of macroscopic pyromellitate adsorption data using an extended constant capacitance treatment was possible using two outer-sphere (equivalent to A1OH(2)(+)center dot center dot center dot Pyr(4-) and equivalent to A1OH(2)(+)center dot center dot center dot H(2)Pyr(2-)) and one inner-sphere (A1Pyr(3-)) adsorbed pyromellitate species. The presence of adsorbed pyromellitate strongly inhibited the dissolution of corundum under acidic (pH < 5) conditions, consistent with a mechanism previously proposed by Johnson et al.(I) whereby outer-spherically adsorbed Pyr(4-) species sterically protect dissolution-active surface sites from attack by dissolution-promoting species such as protons. A reduction in the protolytic dissolution rate of corundum results. A reference Suwannee River fulvic acid, which also adsorbs to aluminum (oxyhydr)oxide surfaces in a predominantly outer-sphere manner, was similarly shown to strongly inhibit the dissolution of corundum at pH = 3. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Brown, GE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gordon@pangea.stanford.edu NR 69 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2811 EP 2821 DI 10.1021/la0481041 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400031 PM 15779953 ER PT J AU Doshi, DA Dattelbaum, AM Watkins, EB Brinker, CJ Swanson, BI Shreve, AP Parikh, AN Majewski, J AF Doshi, DA Dattelbaum, AM Watkins, EB Brinker, CJ Swanson, BI Shreve, AP Parikh, AN Majewski, J TI Neutron reflectivity study of lipid membranes assembled on ordered nanocomposite and nanoporous silica thin films SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; ALIGNED PHOSPHOLIPID-MEMBRANES; MODEL BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE; HYBRID BILAYER-MEMBRANES; LEAST-SQUARES METHODS; GRAZING-INCIDENCE; UNILAMELLAR VESICLES; SUPPORTED MEMBRANES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; POROUS ALUMINA AB Single bilayer membranes of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) were formed on ordered nanocomposite and nanoporous silica thin films by fusion of small unilamellar vesicles. The structure of these membranes was investigated using neutron reflectivity. The underlying thin films were formed by evaporation induced self-assembly to obtain periodic arrangements of silica and surfactant molecules in the nanocomposite thin films, followed by photocalcination to oxidatively remove the organics and render the films nanoporous. We show that this platform affords homogeneous and continuous bilayer membranes that have promising applications as model membranes and sensors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Majewski, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 54 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2865 EP 2870 DI 10.1021/la0471240 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400037 PM 15779959 ER PT J AU Hsu, MF Nikolaides, MG Dinsmore, AD Bausch, AR Gordon, VD Chen, X Hutchinson, JW Weitz, DA AF Hsu, MF Nikolaides, MG Dinsmore, AD Bausch, AR Gordon, VD Chen, X Hutchinson, JW Weitz, DA TI Self-assembled shells composed of colloidal particles: Fabrication and characterization SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LIQUID INTERFACES; EMULSION DROPLETS; CHARGED PARTICLES; LATEX-PARTICLES; HOLLOW SPHERES; ENCAPSULATION; CAPSULES; CELLS; ENDOSTATIN; TEMPLATES AB We construct shells with tunable morphology and mechanical response with colloidal particles that self-assemble at the interface of emulsion droplets. Particles self-assemble to minimize the total interfacial energy, spontaneously forming a particle layer that encapsulates the droplets. We stabilize these layers to form solid shells at the droplet interface by aggregating the particles, connecting the particles with adsorbed polymer, or fusing the particles. These techniques reproducibly yield shells with controllable properties such as elastic moduli and breaking forces. To enable diffusive exchange through the particle shells, we transfer them into solvents that are miscible with the encapsulant. We characterize the mechanical properties of the shells by measuring the response to deformation by calibrated microcantilevers. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Kraft Gen Foods Inc, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. RP Weitz, DA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM weitz@deas.harvard.edu RI Chen, Xi/B-1539-2008; Hutchinson, John/B-1221-2008; OI Chen, Xi/0000-0002-2428-180X; Hutchinson, John/0000-0003-2051-3105; Gordon, Vernita/0000-0002-5989-9378 NR 44 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 5 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 2963 EP 2970 DI 10.1021/la0472394 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 911YI UT WOS:000228042400050 PM 15779972 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, PA Carreno, LJ Coombs, D Mora, JE Palmieri, E Goldstein, B Nathenson, SG Kalergis, AM AF Gonzalez, PA Carreno, LJ Coombs, D Mora, JE Palmieri, E Goldstein, B Nathenson, SG Kalergis, AM TI T cell receptor binding kinetics required for T cell activation depend on the density of cognate ligand on the antigen-presenting cell SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDE-MHC COMPLEXES; SERIAL TCR ENGAGEMENT; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; DOWN-MODULATION; AFFINITY TCR; DWELL-TIME; RECOGNITION; CD8; DISSOCIATION; DEGRADATION AB CD8(+) T cells recognize peptides of eight to nine amino acid residues long in the context of MHC class I molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This recognition event is highly sensitive, as evidenced by the fact that T cells can be activated by cognate peptide/MHC complex (pMHC) at extremely low densities (1-50 molecules). High sensitivity is particularly valuable for detection of antigens at low density, such as those derived from tumor cells and intracellular pathogens, which can down-modulate cognate pMHCs from the surface of APCs to evade recognition by the adaptive immune system. T cell activation is only triggered in response to interactions between the T cell receptor (TCR) and the pMHC ligand that reach a specific half-life threshold. However, interactions with excessively long half-lives result in impaired T cell activation. Thus, efficient T cell activation by pMHC on the surface of APCs requires an optimal dwell time of TCR-pMHC interaction. Here, we show that, although this is a requirement at low cognate pMHC density on the APC surface, at high epitope density there is no impairment of T cell activation by extended TCR-pMHC dwell times. This observation was predicted by mathematical simulations for T cell activation by pMHC at different densities and supported by experiments performed on APCs selected for varied expression of cognate pMHC. According to these results, effective T cell activation depends on a complex interplay between inherent TCR-pMHC binding kinetics and the epitope density on the APC. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Genet Mol & Microbiol, Fac Ciencias Biol, Santiago 8331010, Chile. Univ British Columbia, Dept Math, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kalergis, AM (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Genet Mol & Microbiol, Fac Ciencias Biol, Santiago 8331010, Chile. EM kalergis@bio.puc.cl RI Gonzalez, Pablo/L-1973-2013; OI Gonzalez, Pablo/0000-0001-7709-6870; Coombs, Daniel/0000-0002-8038-6278 FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA009173, T32CA09173]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI07289, R01 AI007289, R56 AI007289]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK065247, R01DK65247]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R37 GM035556, R37-GM35556] NR 45 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 29 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 13 BP 4824 EP 4829 DI 10.1073/pnas.0500922102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 912JM UT WOS:000228074000031 PM 15772168 ER PT J AU Misson, L Lunden, M McKay, M Goldstein, AH AF Misson, L Lunden, M McKay, M Goldstein, AH TI Atmospheric aerosol light scattering and surface wetness influence the diurnal pattern of net ecosystem exchange in a semi-arid ponderosa pine plantation SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerosols; light scattering; diffuse radiation; surface wetness; dew; net ecosystem exchange ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; SIERRA-NEVADA; MICROMETEOROLOGICAL METHODS; GLOBAL RADIATION; SUMMER DROUGHT; GAS-EXCHANGE; FOREST; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB The diurnal variation of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) showed an unusual pattern at the Blodgett Forest Ameriflux site, with late afternoon NEE lower than early morning (indicating more uptake), while air temperature and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit were much higher. To investigate processes influencing this pattern, NEE was compared to several environmental variables during summer 2002. Unusual variations of NEE can be partly attributed to dew formation on the leaf surface. An empirical model is used to show that surface wetness reduced the net ecosystem uptake of CO, during the morning by 11%. In addition, transport of air-pollution from the Central Valley to this site results in higher aerosol particle concentration, light extinction and light scattering during the afternoon than in the morning. Total irradiance was 11% lower during the afternoon than in the morning, while diffuse irradiance was 24% higher. The empirical model is used to show that the decrease in total radiation reduced photosynthesis during the afternoon, but the increase in diffuse radiation enhanced photosynthesis even more. Aerosol loading caused net uptake Of CO2 by the forest to increase by 8% in the afternoon as a result of changes in direct and diffuse radiation. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Misson, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM Dept, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lmisson@nature.berkeley.edu RI Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011 OI Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896 NR 59 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 129 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.008 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 912BS UT WOS:000228052700006 ER PT J AU Azad, S Marina, OA Wang, CM Saraf, L Shutthanandan, V McCready, DE El-Azab, A Jaffe, JE Engelhard, MH Peden, CHF Thevuthasan, S AF Azad, S Marina, OA Wang, CM Saraf, L Shutthanandan, V McCready, DE El-Azab, A Jaffe, JE Engelhard, MH Peden, CHF Thevuthasan, S TI Nanoscale effects on ion conductance of layer-by-layer structures of gadolinia-doped ceria and zirconia SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; 500-DEGREES-C; CONDUCTIVITY; GROWTH AB Layer-by-layer structures of gadolinia-doped ceria and zirconia have been synthesized on Al2O3(0001) using oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Oxygen ion conductivity greatly increased with an increasing number of layers compared to bulk polycrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia and gadolinia-doped ceria electrolytes. The conductivity enhancement in this layered electrolyte is interesting, yet the exact cause for the enhancement remains unknown. For example, the space charge effects that are responsible for analogous conductivity increases in undoped layered halides are suppressed by the much shorter Debye screening length in layered oxides. Therefore, it appears that a combination of lattice strain and extended defects due to lattice mismatch between the heterogeneous structures may contribute to the enhancement of oxygen ionic conductivity in this layered oxide system. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Azad, S (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM theva@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 14 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 55 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 13 AR 131906 DI 10.1063/1.1894615 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 916YL UT WOS:000228422600024 ER PT J AU Brown, IH Pope, IA Smowton, PM Blood, P Thomson, JD Chow, WW Bour, DP Kneissl, M AF Brown, IH Pope, IA Smowton, PM Blood, P Thomson, JD Chow, WW Bour, DP Kneissl, M TI Determination of the piezoelectric field in InGaN quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB In many studies, the value of the experimentally determined internal piezoelectric field has been reported to be significantly smaller than theoretical values. We believe this is due to an inappropriate approximation for the electric field within the depletion region, which is used in the analysis of experimental data, and We propose an alternative method. Using this alternative, we have measured the strength of the internal field of InGaN p-i-n structures, using reverse bias photocurrent absorption spectroscopy and by fitting the bias dependent peak energy using microscopic theory based on the screened Hartree-Fock approximation. The results agree with those using material constants interpolated from binary values. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. Sandia Natl Labs, Semicond Mat & Devices Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Agilent Technol, Corp Res Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Palo Alto Res Ctr Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Brown, IH (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. EM smowtonpm@cardiff.ac.uk RI Kneissl, Michael/B-9682-2012; OI Smowton, Peter/0000-0002-9105-4842 NR 12 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 13 AR 131108 DI 10.1063/1.1896446 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 916YL UT WOS:000228422600008 ER PT J AU Jang, JI Lance, MJ Wen, SQ Pharr, GM AF Jang, JI Lance, MJ Wen, SQ Pharr, GM TI Evidence for nanoindentation-induced phase transformations in germanium SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN MICROSPECTROSCOPY; INDENTATION; SILICON; PRESSURE; GE AB Nanoindentation experiments were performed using Berkovich and cube-corner indenters to investigate whether nanoindentation-induced phase transformations, such as those observed in silicon, also occur in germanium. Although the indentation load-displacement curves for germanium do not show the unloading pop-out or elbow phenomena observed in silicon, clear evidence for phase transformations was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. SEM showed that there is extruded material around the contact periphery of cube-corner hardness impressions that is metalliclike in its flow characteristics, just as in silicon. Micro-Raman spectroscopy revealed more direct evidence by identifying amorphous and what may be the crystalline BC8 (Ge-IV) phase. The fact that these phenomena are observed primarily and reproducibly only for the cube-corner indenter suggests that the contact geometry significantly affects the transformation behavior. Results are discussed in terms of possible deformation mechanisms and how they may be influenced by the indenter geometry. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jang, JI (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pharr@utk.edu RI Jang, Jae-il/A-3486-2011; Lance, Michael/I-8417-2016 OI Jang, Jae-il/0000-0003-4526-5355; Lance, Michael/0000-0001-5167-5452 NR 14 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 13 AR 131907 DI 10.1063/1.1894588 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 916YL UT WOS:000228422600025 ER PT J AU Maiorov, B Gibbons, BJ Kreiskott, S Matias, V Holesinger, TG Civale, L AF Maiorov, B Gibbons, BJ Kreiskott, S Matias, V Holesinger, TG Civale, L TI Effect of the misalignment between the applied and internal magnetic fields on the critical currents of "tilted coated conductors" SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BUFFER LAYERS; AB-PLANE; FILMS; YBCO; MGO AB We present angular-dependent measurements of the critical current density (J(c)) of a YBa2Cu3O7 film grown on tilted buffered Ion-Beam-Assisted-Deposition MgO metal tapes. We compare samples with the current parallel and perpendicular to the tape's direction. In samples with the current parallel to the tape, we observe an asymmetric angular dependence of J(c) and a shift of the ab-planes maxima position with the magnetic field strength. The shift is a result of the misalignment between the applied and internal magnetic fields. The misalignment effect takes place at fields lower than 3 T at T=75.5 K. For samples with the current perpendicular to the tape, we find an overall reduced value of J(c), the angular behavior is symmetrical, and no shift in the maxima position as a function of the magnetic field is observed. These results indicate that the effect of misalignment between the applied and internal magnetic fields must be taken into account when studying the angular dependence of J(c). (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maiorov, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436 NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 13 AR 02504 DI 10.1063/1.1886253 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 916YL UT WOS:000228422600054 ER PT J AU Piestrup, MA Gary, CK Park, H Harris, JL Cremer, JT Pantell, RH Dudchik, YI Kolchevsky, NN Komarov, FF AF Piestrup, MA Gary, CK Park, H Harris, JL Cremer, JT Pantell, RH Dudchik, YI Kolchevsky, NN Komarov, FF TI Microscope using an x-ray tube and a bubble compound refractive lens SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present x-ray images of grid meshes and biological material obtained using an unfiltered x-ray tube and, a compound refractive lens composed of microbubbles embedded in epoxy inside a glass capillary. Images obtained using this apparatus are compared with those using a synchrotron source and the same lens. We find that the field of view is larger than that obtained using the synchrotron source, whereas the contrast and resolution are reduced. Geometrical distortion around the edges of the field of view is also reduced. The experiments demonstrate the usefulness of the apparatus in a modest laboratory setting. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Adelphi Technol Inc, San Carlos, CA 94070 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Inst Appl Phys Problems, Minsk 220064, Byelarus. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Piestrup, MA (reprint author), Adelphi Technol Inc, 981-B Ind Rd, San Carlos, CA 94070 USA. EM melpie@adelphitech.com NR 4 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 13 AR 131104 DI 10.1063/1.1894589 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 916YL UT WOS:000228422600004 ER PT J AU Knapp, A Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R AF Knapp, A Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R TI Photo double ionization of helium 100 eV and 450 eV above threshold: I. Linearly polarized light SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; DOUBLE-PHOTOIONIZATION; PHOTODOUBLE IONIZATION; MULTIPLE IONIZATION; NEAR-THRESHOLD; EXCESS ENERGY; HE; SINGLE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present a joint experimental and theoretical study for the fully differential cross section of the photo double ionization (PDI) of helium with linearly polarized light at the excess energies E-exc = 100 eV and 450 eV above the threshold. The fully differential cross section is obtained by measuring the three-dimensional momentum vectors of one electron and the He2+ ion in coincidence using the COLTRIMS method. We give an overview of the momentum distribution of the three-body continuum 100 eV above the threshold. We show angular distributions for both electrons for various energy sharings at E-exc = 100 eV and 450 eV. The experimental results are well reproduced by a set of convergent close-coupling (CCC) calculations. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Murdoch Univ, Ctr Atom Mol & Surface Phys, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Knapp, A (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM doerner@atom.uni-frankfurt.de RI Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008; Kheifets, Anatoli/C-9131-2009; Bray, Igor/B-8586-2009; Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Landers, Allen/C-1213-2013; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013 OI Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848; Kheifets, Anatoli/0000-0001-8318-9408; Bray, Igor/0000-0001-7554-8044; Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704 NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP 615 EP 633 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/6/001 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 917IT UT WOS:000228455000005 ER PT J AU Knapp, A Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R AF Knapp, A Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R TI Photo double ionization of helium 100 eV and 450 eV above threshold: II. Circularly polarized light SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION MOMENTUM SPECTROSCOPY; DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; DICHROISM; HE AB We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of the fully differential cross section of the photo double ionization of helium with left and right circularly polarized light at E-exc = 100 eV and 450 eV above the threshold. We analyse angular distributions for the slow electron and the normalized circular dichroism for various energy sharings of the excess energy between the two electrons. The experimental results are well reproduced by convergent close coupling calculations. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Murdoch Univ, Ctr Atom Mol & Surface Phys, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Lawrence Berkely Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dorner, R (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM doerner@atom.uni-frankfurt.de RI Landers, Allen/C-1213-2013; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013; Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008; Bray, Igor/B-8586-2009; Kheifets, Anatoli/C-9131-2009; Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008 OI Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704; Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848; Bray, Igor/0000-0001-7554-8044; Kheifets, Anatoli/0000-0001-8318-9408; Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP 635 EP 643 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/6/002 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 917IT UT WOS:000228455000006 ER PT J AU Knapp, A Krassig, B Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R AF Knapp, A Krassig, B Kheifets, A Bray, I Weber, T Landers, AL Schossler, S Jahnke, T Nickles, J Kammer, S Jagutzki, O Schmidt, LPH Schoffler, M Osipov, T Prior, MH Schmidt-Bocking, H Cocke, CL Dorner, R TI Photo double ionization of helium 100 eV and 450 eV above threshold: III. Gerade and ungerade amplitudes and their relative phases SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; ENERGY; DISTRIBUTIONS; HE AB We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of the gerade and ungerade amplitudes of the photo double ionization of helium at excess energies of 100 eV and 450 eV above the threshold. We describe a method of extracting the amplitudes from a COLTRIMS data set. The experimental results are well reproduced by convergent close-coupling (CCC) calculations. The fully differential cross section data underlying this study can be found in our companion papers immediately preceding this one. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Murdoch Univ, Ctr Atom Mol & Surface Phys, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Knapp, A (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM doerner@atom.uni-frankfurt.de RI Kheifets, Anatoli/C-9131-2009; Bray, Igor/B-8586-2009; Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Landers, Allen/C-1213-2013; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013; Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008 OI Kheifets, Anatoli/0000-0001-8318-9408; Bray, Igor/0000-0001-7554-8044; Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704; Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP 645 EP 657 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/6/003 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 917IT UT WOS:000228455000007 ER PT J AU Martin, P AF Martin, P TI EIA: LNG will supply more than 20% of US gas by 025 SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Martin, P (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 12 BP 60 EP 64 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 916HC UT WOS:000228375000017 ER PT J AU Radhakrishnan, R Virkar, AV Singhal, SC Dunham, GC Marina, OA AF Radhakrishnan, R Virkar, AV Singhal, SC Dunham, GC Marina, OA TI Design, fabrication and characterization of a miniaturized series-connected potentiornetric oxygen sensor SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE potentiometric oxygen sensor; yttria stabilized zirconia; nickel-nickel oxide; platinum; microfabrication; impedance spectroscopy ID GAS SENSORS; FILMS AB Miniaturization of potentiometric sensors facilitates connecting many sensors in series to amplify the output. Miniaturized series-connected potentiometric sensors were developed on a silicon (Si) wafer by microfabrication techniques. The sensors consist of a thin film yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte and platinum (Pt) electrodes. The reference oxygen partial pressure is determined by a nickel-nickel oxide (Ni-NiO) mixture. The open circuit voltage (OCV) was tested in air at 300 degrees C and was found to be lower than expected. The output of the net sensor increased almost linearly by connecting 10 sensors in series. Impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrolyte and electrolyte-electrode interfaces using a two electrode configuration. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM anil.virkar@m.cc.utah.edu NR 17 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 105 IS 2 BP 312 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2004.06.014 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 909SW UT WOS:000227882000031 ER PT J AU Corley, RA Grant, DM Farris, E Weitz, KK Soelberg, JJ Thrall, KD Poet, TS AF Corley, RA Grant, DM Farris, E Weitz, KK Soelberg, JJ Thrall, KD Poet, TS TI Determination of age and gender differences in biochemical processes affecting the disposition of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolites in mice and rats to improve PBPK modeling SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Scientific Symposium on the Health Effects of Glycol Ethers CY OCT 17-18, 2002 CL Paris, FRANCE SP CEFIC, Oxygenated Solvents Producers Assoc, Amer Chem Council, Ethylene & Propylene Glyco Ethers Panel DE 2-butoxyethanol; butoxyacetic acid; PBPK modeling ID GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER; PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETICS; LIVER ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; DYNAMIC ORGAN-CULTURE; IN-VITRO UPTAKE; BUTOXYACETIC ACID; INHALED 2-BUTOXYETHANOL; MAJOR METABOLITE; 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; 2-BUTOXYACETIC ACID AB 2-Butoxyethanol (BE) is the most widely used glycol ether solvent. BEs major metabolite, butoxyacetic acid (BAA), causes hemolysis with significant species differences in sensitivity. Several PBPK models have been developed over the past two decades to describe the disposition of BE and BAA in male rats and humans to refine health risk assessments. More recent efforts by Lee et al. [Lee. K.M.. Dill. J.A., Chou, B.J., Roycroft, J.H., 1998. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for chronic inhalation of 2-butoxyethanol. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 153, 211-226] to describe the kinetics of BE and BAA in the National Toxicology Program (NTP) chronic inhalation studies required the use of several assumptions to extrapolate model parameters from earlier PBPK models developed for young male rats to include female F344 and both sexes of B6C3Fl mice and the effects of aging. To replace these assumptions, studies were conducted to determine the impact of age, gender and species on the metabolism of BE. and the tissue partitioning, renal acid transport and plasma protein binding of BAA. In the current Study, the Lee et al. PBPK model was updated and expanded to include the further metabolism of BAA and the salivary excretion of BE and BAA which may contribute to the forestomach irritation observed in mice in the NTP study. The revised model predicted that peak blood concentrations of BAA achieved following 6 h inhalation exposures are greatest in young adult female rats at concentrations up to 300 ppm. This is not the case predicted for old (greater than or equal to 18 months) animals, where peak blood concentrations of BAA in male and female mice were similar to or greater than female rats. The revised model serves as a quantitative tool for integrating an extensive pharmacokinetic and mechanistic database into a format that can readily be used to compare internal dosimetry across dose, route of exposure and species. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Battelle Pacific NW Div, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. US DOE, Richland Operat, Richland, WA USA. RP Corley, RA (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Div, Biol Monitoring & Modeling Grp, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P7-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rick.corley@pnl.gov NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 156 IS 1 BP 127 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.08.013 PG 35 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 901ZX UT WOS:000227322000014 PM 15705493 ER PT J AU Michael, WJ Minsker, BS Tcheng, D Valocchi, AJ Quinn, JJ AF Michael, WJ Minsker, BS Tcheng, D Valocchi, AJ Quinn, JJ TI Integrating data sources to improve hydraulic head predictions: A hierarchical machine learning approach SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROUNDWATER MONITORING DESIGN AB [1] This study investigates how machine learning methods can be used to improve hydraulic head predictions by integrating different types of data, including data from numerical models, in a hierarchical approach. A suite of four machine learning methods ( decision trees, instance-based weighting, inverse distance weighting, and neural networks) are tested in several hierarchical configurations with different types of data from the 317/319 area at Argonne National Laboratory - East. The best machine learning model had a mean predicted head error 50% smaller than an existing MODFLOW numerical flow model, and a standard deviation of predicted head error 67% lower than the MODFLOW model, computed across all sampled locations used for calibrating the MODFLOW model. These predictions were obtained using decision trees trained with all historical quarterly data; the hourly head measurements were not as useful for prediction, most likely because of their poor spatial coverage. The results show promise for using hierarchical machine learning approaches to improve predictions and to identify the most essential types of data to guide future sampling efforts. Decision trees were also combined with an existing MODFLOW model to test their capabilities for updating numerical models to improve predictions as new data are collected. The combined model had a mean error 50% lower than the MODFLOW model alone. These results demonstrate that hierarchical machine learning approaches can be used to improve predictive performance of existing numerical models in areas with good data coverage. Further research is needed to compare this approach with methods such as Kalman filtering. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Assessment, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Michael, WJ (reprint author), Caterpillar Inc, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 26 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 3 AR W03020 DI 10.1029/2003WR002802 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 913MZ UT WOS:000228157200001 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Chandonia, JM Ding, C Holbrook, SR AF Zhang, Y Chandonia, JM Ding, C Holbrook, SR TI Comparative mapping of sequence-based and structure-based protein domains SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ASTRAL COMPENDIUM; DATABASE; FAMILIES; GENOMICS; FSSP; PFAM; SCOP; CATH AB Background: Protein domains have long been an ill-defined concept in biology. They are generally described as autonomous folding units with evolutionary and functional independence. Both structure-based and sequence-based domain definitions have been widely used. But whether these types of models alone can capture all essential features of domains is still an open question. Methods: Here we provide insight on domain definitions through comparative mapping of two domain classification databases, one sequence-based (Pfam) and the other structure-based ( SCOP). A mapping score is defined to indicate the significance of the mapping, and the properties of the mapping matrices are studied. Results: The mapping results show a general agreement between the two databases, as well as many interesting areas of disagreement. In the cases of disagreement, the functional and evolutionary characteristics of the domains are examined to determine which domain definition is biologically more informative. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yzz100@psu.edu; JMChandonia@lbl.gov; chqding@lbl.gov; srholbrook@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1-P50-GM62412, P50 GM062412] NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 6 AR 77 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-6-77 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 922ES UT WOS:000228819800001 PM 15790427 ER PT J AU Birn, J Galsgaard, K Hesse, M Hoshino, M Huba, J Lapenta, G Pritchett, PL Schindler, K Yin, L Buchner, J Neukirch, T Priest, ER AF Birn, J Galsgaard, K Hesse, M Hoshino, M Huba, J Lapenta, G Pritchett, PL Schindler, K Yin, L Buchner, J Neukirch, T Priest, ER TI Forced magnetic reconnection SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN CURRENT SHEETS; MHD SIMULATIONS; MAGNETOTAIL; CONFIGURATIONS; CHALLENGE; DYNAMICS; HYBRID; FIELD AB Using a multi-code approach, we investigate current sheet thinning and the onset and progress of fast magnetic reconnection, initiated by temporally limited, spatially varying, inflow of magnetic flux. The present study extends an earlier collaborative effort into the transition regime from thick to thin current sheets. Again we find that full particle, hybrid, and Hall-MHD simulations lead to the same fast reconnection rates, apparently independent of the dissipation mechanism. The reconnection rate in MHD simulations is considerably larger than in the earlier study, although still somewhat smaller than in the particle simulations. All simulations lead to surprisingly similar final states, despite differences in energy transfer and dissipation. These states are contrasted with equilibrium models derived for the same boundary perturbations. The similarity of the final states indicates that entropy conservation is satisfied similarly in fluid and kinetic approaches and that Joule dissipation plays only a minor role in the energy transfer. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Niels Bohr Inst Astron Phys & Geophys, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbirn@lanl.gov; kg@astro.ku.dk; hesse@gsfc.nasa.gov; hoshino@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; huba@ppd.nrl.navy.mil; lapenta@lanl.gov; pritchet@physics.ucla.edu; kschindler1@aol.com; lyin@lanl.gov; buechner@mps.mpg.de; thomas@mcs.st-and.ac.uk; eric@mcs.st-and.ac.uk RI Buechner, Joerg/B-1213-2009; Neukirch, Thomas/C-1981-2009; Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; NASA MMS, Science Team/J-5393-2013; OI Neukirch, Thomas/0000-0002-7597-4980; NASA MMS, Science Team/0000-0002-9504-5214; Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 16 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 6 AR L06105 DI 10.1029/2004GL022058 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 913LM UT WOS:000228153100001 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Effect of the flow rate on the measurement of adsorption data by dynamic frontal analysis SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on Preparative and Process Chromatography CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD DE adsorption isotherm; frontal analysis method; calculation of elution profiles method; flow rate; liquid chromatography; propylbenzoate; column efficiency ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-TRANSFER KINETICS; BAND PROFILES; COMPETITIVE ISOTHERM; PEAK SHAPES; PROPAGATION; EQUILIBRIUM; ADSORBENTS; PARAMETERS; DEPENDENCE AB The adsorption data of propyl benzoate were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) on a Symmetry-C-18 column, using a mixture of methanol (65%, v/v) and water as the mobile phase, at three different flow rates, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mL/min. The exact flow rates F, were measured by collecting the mobile phase in volumetric glasses (delta F-v/F-v <= 0.2%). The extra-column volumes and the column hold-up volume were accurately measured at each flow rate by tracer injections. The detailed effect of the flow rate on the value of the amount adsorbed was investigated. The best isotherm model accounting for the adsorption data was the same BET isotherm model at all three flow rates. Only slight differences (always less than 5%) were found between the three different sets of isotherm parameters (saturation capacity, q(s), equilibrium constant on the adsorbent, b(s) and equilibrium constant on successive layers of propyl benzoate, b(L)). The reproducibility of the same isotherm parameters measured by the inverse method (IM) is less satisfactory, leading to R.S.D.s of up to 10%. A flow rate increase is systematically accompanied by a slight increase of the amount adsorbed. This phenomenon is consistent with the influence of the pressure on the equilibrium constant of adsorption due to the difference between the partial molar volumes of the solute and the adsorbate. The larger average pressure along the column that is required to achieve a larger flow rate causes a larger amount of solute to be adsorbed on the column at equilibrium. This result comforts the high sensitivity and versatility of the FA method for isotherm determination under any kind of situation. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAR 28 PY 2005 VL 1069 IS 1 BP 31 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.129 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 912LP UT WOS:000228080100004 PM 15844481 ER PT J AU Meng, H Hsiao, GC Yang, V Shuen, JS AF Meng, H Hsiao, GC Yang, V Shuen, JS TI Transport and dynamics of liquid oxygen droplets in supercritical hydrogen streams SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS; MODIFIED SOAVE EQUATION; INTERMEDIATE REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; INTERNAL CIRCULATION; VARIABLE PROPERTIES; FUEL DROPLET; VAPORIZATION; SYSTEMS; PREDICTION; BREAKUP AB The transport and dynamics of an isolated liquid oxygen (LOX) droplet in a supercritical hydrogen stream has been numerically studied based on the complete conservation equations in axisymmetric coordinates. The approach employs a unified treatment of general fluid thermodynamics and transport, and accommodates rapid variations of fluid properties in the transcritical regime. Surface tension of the droplet is ignored in consistency with the supercritical thermodynamic condition. The analysis allows for a systematic investigation into droplet behaviour over broad ranges of fluid thermodynamic states and ambient flow conditions. Detailed flow structures and transport phenomena are examined to reveal various key mechanisms underlying droplet vaporization in a supercritical forced convective environment. In addition, correlations of droplet lifetime and drag coefficient are established in terms of fluid properties, pressure, and free-stream Reynolds number. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US DOE, Richland Operat Off, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yang, V (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM vigor@psu.edu RI Meng, Hua/E-5321-2010 OI Meng, Hua/0000-0001-7692-9025 NR 42 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 527 BP 115 EP 139 DI 10.1017/S0022112004003106 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 919KX UT WOS:000228618000006 ER PT J AU Xie, SC Zhang, MH Branson, M Cederwall, RT Del Genio, AD Eitzen, ZA Ghan, SJ Iacobellis, SF Johnson, KL Khairoutdinov, M Klein, SA Krueger, SK Lin, WY Lohmann, U Miller, MA Randall, DA Somerville, RCJ Sud, YC Walker, GK Wolf, A Wu, XQ Xu, KM Yio, JJ Zhang, G Zhang, JH AF Xie, SC Zhang, MH Branson, M Cederwall, RT Del Genio, AD Eitzen, ZA Ghan, SJ Iacobellis, SF Johnson, KL Khairoutdinov, M Klein, SA Krueger, SK Lin, WY Lohmann, U Miller, MA Randall, DA Somerville, RCJ Sud, YC Walker, GK Wolf, A Wu, XQ Xu, KM Yio, JJ Zhang, G Zhang, JH TI Simulations of midlatitude frontal clouds by single-column and cloud-resolving models during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement March 2000 cloud intensive operational period SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE MODELS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; RELAXED ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; MOIST-CONVECTION; CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION; MICROPHYSICAL PROCESSES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; WATER-CONTENT AB [1] This study quantitatively evaluates the overall performance of nine single-column models (SCMs) and four cloud-resolving models (CRMs) in simulating a strong midlatitude frontal cloud system taken from the spring 2000 Cloud Intensive Observational Period at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ( ARM) Southern Great Plains site. The evaluation data are an analysis product of constrained variational analysis of the ARM observations and the cloud data collected from the ARM ground active remote sensors (i.e., cloud radar, lidar, and laser ceilometers) and satellite retrievals. Both the selected SCMs and CRMs can typically capture the bulk characteristics of the frontal system and the frontal precipitation. However, there are significant differences in detailed structures of the frontal clouds. Both CRMs and SCMs overestimate high thin cirrus clouds before the main frontal passage. During the passage of a front with strong upward motion, CRMs underestimate middle and low clouds while SCMs overestimate clouds at the levels above 765 hPa. All CRMs and some SCMs also underestimated the middle clouds after the frontal passage. There are also large differences in the model simulations of cloud condensates owing to differences in parameterizations; however, the differences among intercompared models are smaller in the CRMs than the SCMs. In general, the CRM-simulated cloud water and ice are comparable with observations, while most SCMs underestimated cloud water. SCMs show huge biases varying from large overestimates to equally large underestimates of cloud ice. Many of these model biases could be traced to the lack of subgrid-scale dynamical structure in the applied forcing fields and the lack of organized mesoscale hydrometeor advections. Other potential reasons for these model errors are also discussed in the paper. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci Div L103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Xie, SC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci Div L103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM xie2@llnl.gov RI Del Genio, Anthony/D-4663-2012; Xu, Kuan-Man/B-7557-2013; Xie, Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Wu, Xiangqian/F-5634-2010; Randall, David/E-6113-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011; Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009 OI Del Genio, Anthony/0000-0001-7450-1359; Xu, Kuan-Man/0000-0001-7851-2629; Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145; Wu, Xiangqian/0000-0002-7804-5650; Randall, David/0000-0001-6935-4112; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699; Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785 NR 78 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D15 AR D15S03 DI 10.1029/2004JD005119 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 913LZ UT WOS:000228154500001 ER PT J AU DeLaBarre, B Brunger, AT AF DeLaBarre, B Brunger, AT TI Nucleotide dependent motion and mechanism of action of p97/VCP SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AAA (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities); protein; membrane protein extraction; endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation ID VALOSIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN; SENSITIVE FUSION PROTEIN; AAA-ATPASE P97; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; TERMINAL DOMAIN; COMPLEX; ER; VCP; UBIQUITIN AB The AAA (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities) family of proteins bind, hydrolyze, and release ATP to effect conformational changes, assembly, or disassembly upon their binding partners and substrate molecules. One of the members of this family, the hexameric p97/valosin-containing protein p97/VCP, is essential for the dislocation of misfolded membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we observe large motions and dynamic changes of p97/VCP as it proceeds through the ATP hydrolysis cycle. The analysis is based on crystal structures of four representative ATP hydrolysis states: APO, AMP-PNP, hydrolysis transition state ADP (.) AlF3, and ADP bound. Two of the structures presented herein, ADP and AMP-PNP bound, are new structures, and the ADP (.) AlF3 structure was re-refined to higher resolution. The largest motions occur at two stages during the hydrolysis cycle: after, but not upon, nucleotide binding and then following nucleotide release. The motions occur primarily in the D2 domain, the D1 alpha-helical domain, and the N-terminal domain, relative to the relatively stationary and invariant D1 alpha/beta domain. In addition to the motions, we observed a transition from a rigid state to a flexible state upon loss of the gamma-phosphate group, and a further increase in flexibility within the D2 domains upon nucleotide release. The domains within each protomer of the hexameric p97/VCP deviate from strict 6-fold symmetry, with the more flexible ADP state exhibiting greater asymmetry compared to the relatively rigid ADP (.) AlF3 state, suggesting a mechanism of action in which hydrolysis and conformational changes move about the hexamer in a processive fashion. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, JH Clark Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, JH Clark Ctr, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, JH Clark Ctr, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, JH Clark Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, JH Clark Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, E300-C 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 NR 53 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 347 IS 2 BP 437 EP 452 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.060 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 905JS UT WOS:000227565000015 PM 15740751 ER PT J AU Antal, T Redner, S AF Antal, T Redner, S TI The excited random walk in one dimension SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID REINFORCED RANDOM-WALK; SELF-AVOIDING WALK; BOND REPULSION AB We study the excited random walk, in which a walk that is at a site that contains cookies eats one cookie and then hops to the right with probability p and to the left with probability q = 1-p. If the walk hops onto an empty site, there is no bias. For the 1-excited walk on the half-line (one cookie initially at each site), the probability of first returning to the starting point at time t scales as t(-(2-p)). Although the average return time to the origin is infinite for all p, the walk eats, on average, only a finite number of cookies until this first return when p < 1/2. For the infinite line, the probability distribution for the 1-excited walk has an unusual anomaly at the origin. The positions of the leftmost and rightmost uneaten cookies can be accurately estimated by probabilistic arguments and their corresponding distributions have power-law singularities. The 2-excited walk on the infinite line exhibits peculiar features in the regime p > 3/4, where the walk is transient, including a mean displacement that grows as t(v), with v > 1 dependent on p, and a breakdown of scaling for the probability distribution of the walk. C1 Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Redner, S (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM redner@cnls.lanl.gov RI Antal, Tibor/A-4512-2008 NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2555 EP 2577 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/38/12/002 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 916KH UT WOS:000228383300003 ER PT J AU Cavalieri, AL Fritz, DM Lee, SH Bucksbaum, PH Reis, DA Rudati, J Mills, DM Fuoss, PH Stephenson, GB Kao, CC Siddons, DP Lowney, DP MacPhee, AG Weinstein, D Falcone, RW Pahl, R Als-Nielsen, J Blome, C Dusterer, S Ischebeck, R Schlarb, H Schulte-Schrepping, H Tschentscher, T Schneider, J Hignette, O Sette, F Sokolowski-Tinten, K Chapman, HN Lee, RW Hansen, TN Synnergren, O Larsson, J Techert, S Sheppard, J Wark, JS Bergh, M Caleman, C Huldt, G van der Spoel, D Timneanu, N Hajdu, J Akre, RA Bong, E Emma, P Krejcik, P Arthur, J Brennan, S Gaffney, KJ Lindenberg, AM Luening, K Hastings, JB AF Cavalieri, AL Fritz, DM Lee, SH Bucksbaum, PH Reis, DA Rudati, J Mills, DM Fuoss, PH Stephenson, GB Kao, CC Siddons, DP Lowney, DP MacPhee, AG Weinstein, D Falcone, RW Pahl, R Als-Nielsen, J Blome, C Dusterer, S Ischebeck, R Schlarb, H Schulte-Schrepping, H Tschentscher, T Schneider, J Hignette, O Sette, F Sokolowski-Tinten, K Chapman, HN Lee, RW Hansen, TN Synnergren, O Larsson, J Techert, S Sheppard, J Wark, JS Bergh, M Caleman, C Huldt, G van der Spoel, D Timneanu, N Hajdu, J Akre, RA Bong, E Emma, P Krejcik, P Arthur, J Brennan, S Gaffney, KJ Lindenberg, AM Luening, K Hastings, JB TI Clocking femtosecond x rays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERATION; PULSES AB Linear-accelerator-based sources will revolutionize ultrafast x-ray science due to their unprecedented brightness and short pulse duration. However, time-resolved studies at the resolution of the x-ray pulse duration are hampered by the inability to precisely synchronize an external laser to the accelerator. At the Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source at the Stanford Linear-Accelerator Center we solved this problem by measuring the arrival time of each high energy electron bunch with electro-optic sampling. This measurement indirectly determined the arrival time of each x-ray pulse relative to an external pump laser pulse with a time resolution of better than 60 fs rms. C1 Univ Michigan, FOCUS Ctr, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Appl Phys Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Deutsches Eleckt Synchrotron, DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Uppsala Univ, Biomed Ctr, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Cavalieri, AL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, FOCUS Ctr, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI van der Spoel, David/A-5471-2008; Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Timneanu, Nicusor/C-7691-2012; Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus/A-5415-2015 OI van der Spoel, David/0000-0002-7659-8526; Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743; Timneanu, Nicusor/0000-0001-7328-0400; NR 19 TC 158 Z9 158 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 114801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.114801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200034 PM 15903864 ER PT J AU Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Oliver, SJ Perelstein, M AF Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Oliver, SJ Perelstein, M TI Late time neutrino masses, the LSND experiment, and the cosmic microwave background SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BROKEN LEPTON NUMBER; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; STERILE NEUTRINOS; OSCILLATIONS; WMAP AB Models with low-scale breaking of global symmetries in the neutrino sector provide an alternative to the seesaw mechanism for understanding why neutrinos are light. Such models can easily incorporate light sterile neutrinos required by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector experiment. Furthermore, the constraints on the sterile neutrino properties from nucleosynthesis and large-scale structure can be removed due to the nonconventional cosmological evolution of neutrino masses and densities. We present explicit, fully realistic supersymmetric models, and discuss the characteristic signatures predicted in the angular distributions of the cosmic microwave background. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, New York, NY 14850 USA. RP Chacko, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 111801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200016 PM 15903846 ER PT J AU D'Urso, B Van Handel, R Odom, B Hanneke, D Gabrielse, G AF D'Urso, B Van Handel, R Odom, B Hanneke, D Gabrielse, G TI Single-particle self-excited oscillator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-MOMENT; ELECTRON; ANTIPROTON; CYCLOTRON; PHYSICS; NOISE; ION AB Electronic feedback is used to self-excite the axial oscillation of a single electron in a Penning trap. Large, stable, easily detected oscillations arise even in an anharmonic potential. Amplitudes are controlled by adjusting the feedback gain, and frequencies can be made nearly independent of amplitude fluctuations. Quantum jump spectroscopy of a perpendicular cyclotron motion reveals the absolute temperature and amplitude of the self-excited oscillation. The possibility to quickly measure parts per billion frequency shifts could open the way to improved measurements of e(-), e(+), p, and (p) over bar magnetic moments. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hanneke, David/E-6941-2011 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 113002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.113002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200021 PM 15903851 ER PT J AU Ferretti, A Calzolari, A Di Felice, R Manghi, F Caldas, MJ Nardelli, MB Molinari, E AF Ferretti, A Calzolari, A Di Felice, R Manghi, F Caldas, MJ Nardelli, MB Molinari, E TI First-principles theory of correlated transport through nanojunctions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STATES; HOLE AB We report the inclusion of electron-electron correlation in the calculation of transport properties within an ab initio scheme. A key step is the reformulation of Landauer's approach in terms of an effective transmittance for the interacting electron system. We apply this framework to analyze the effect of shortrange interactions on Pt atomic wires and discuss the coherent and incoherent correction to the mean-field approach. C1 INFM, Natl Ctr NanoStruct & BioSyst Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Univ Modena, Dipartimento Fis, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCS, CSM, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ferretti, A (reprint author), INFM, Natl Ctr NanoStruct & BioSyst Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy. RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Ferretti, Andrea/D-4109-2009; Manghi, Franca/G-8719-2012; Caldas, Marilia/J-9472-2012; Calzolari, Arrigo/B-8448-2015; Molinari, Elisa/E-8834-2010; OI Ferretti, Andrea/0000-0003-0855-2590; Calzolari, Arrigo/0000-0002-0244-7717; Molinari, Elisa/0000-0002-0692-6096; Manghi, Franca/0000-0001-8682-0154; DIFELICE, ROSA/0000-0002-7772-6550 NR 27 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 116802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.116802 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200049 PM 15903879 ER PT J AU Goddard, PA Singleton, J McDonald, RD Harrison, N Lashley, JC Harima, H Suzuki, MT AF Goddard, PA Singleton, J McDonald, RD Harrison, N Lashley, JC Harima, H Suzuki, MT TI Catastrophic Fermi surface reconstruction in the shape-memory alloy AuZn SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB AuZn undergoes a shape-memory transition at 67 K. The de Haas-van Alphen effect persists to 100 K enabling the observation of a change in the quantum oscillation spectrum indicative of a catastrophic Fermi surface reconstruction at the transition. The coexistence of both Fermi surfaces at low temperatures suggests an intrinsic phase separation in the bulk of the material. In addition, Dingle analysis reveals a sharp change in the scattering mechanism at a threshold cyclotron radius, attributable to the underlying microstructure driving the shape-memory effect. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. RP Goddard, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Suzuki, Michi-To/G-6298-2013; McDonald, Ross/H-3783-2013; Goddard, Paul/A-8638-2015 OI McDonald, Ross/0000-0002-0188-1087; Goddard, Paul/0000-0002-0666-5236 NR 9 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 116401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.116401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200046 PM 15903876 ER PT J AU Kathmann, SM Schenter, GK Garrett, BC AF Kathmann, SM Schenter, GK Garrett, BC TI Ion-induced nucleation: The importance of chemistry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL NUCLEATION; WATER CLUSTERS; ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; SUPERSATURATED VAPORS; SIGN PREFERENCE; CONDENSATION; SENSITIVITY; ENTHALPIES; HYDRATION; PHASE AB Experiments have shown that ions can substantially increase vapor-to-liquid nucleation rates. However, interpretation of these experiments is complicated by ambiguities arising from the manner in which the ions are produced. Several studies have concluded that water has a general preference for anions over cations. We show that specification of the ion's sign alone is insufficient to provide an understanding of the aqueous ionic cluster thermodynamics and that classical ion-induced nucleation theory does not treat the cluster physics properly to describe ion-induced nucleation accurately. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kathmann, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014 OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484 NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 116104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.116104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200045 PM 15903875 ER PT J AU Ohta, T Schmidt, DA Meng, S Klust, A Bostwick, A Yu, Q Olmstead, MA Ohuchi, FS AF Ohta, T Schmidt, DA Meng, S Klust, A Bostwick, A Yu, Q Olmstead, MA Ohuchi, FS TI Intrinsic vacancy-induced nanoscale wire structure in heteroepitaxial Ga2Se3/Si(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GA2SE3 FILMS; GROWTH; SI(001); GE; PHOTOELECTRONS; INXGA1-XAS; INTERFACE; GAAS(100); SI(100) AB A highly anisotropic growth morphology is found for heteroepitaxial gallium sesquiselenide (Ga2Se3) on the lattice matched substrate, arsenic-terminated Si(001). Scanning tunneling microscopy of Ga2Se3 films reveals nanoscale, wire-like structures covering the surface in parallel lines, less than 1 nm wide and up to 30 nm long. Core-level photoemission spectroscopy and diffraction reveals the local structure of buried Ga and Se atoms to reflect the bulk, defected zinc-blende structure of beta-Ga2Se3, which contains ordered < 110 > arrays of Ga vacancies. These ordered vacancy lines are proposed to be responsible for the observed growth anisotropy in heteroepitaxial Ga2Se3. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ohta, T (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM ohuchi@u.washington.edu RI Bostwick, Aaron/E-8549-2010; OI Olmstead, Marjorie/0000-0003-4374-0976 NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 116102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.116102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200043 PM 15903873 ER PT J AU Paul, PM Clatterbuck, TO Lynga, C Colosimo, P DiMauro, LF Agostini, P Kulander, KC AF Paul, PM Clatterbuck, TO Lynga, C Colosimo, P DiMauro, LF Agostini, P Kulander, KC TI Enhanced high harmonic generation from an optically prepared excited medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION; PULSES; ATOMS AB We investigate high harmonics generated from rubidium atoms irradiated simultaneously by an intense 3.5 mu m fundamental field and a weak cw diode laser. When 5p, 5d, and 4d excited states are populated through cascade excitation or deexcitation, orders-of-magnitude increases in harmonic yield as compared with the ground state are observed. It appears that, quite unexpectedly, the population accumulated in the 4d state alone is responsible for the observed enhancement. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Max Born Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div V, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Paul, PM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 113906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.113906 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200031 PM 15903861 ER PT J AU Yoo, CS Maddox, B Klepeis, JHP Iota, V Evans, W McMahan, A Hu, MY Chow, P Somayazulu, M Hausermann, D Scalettar, RT Pickett, WE AF Yoo, CS Maddox, B Klepeis, JHP Iota, V Evans, W McMahan, A Hu, MY Chow, P Somayazulu, M Hausermann, D Scalettar, RT Pickett, WE TI First-order isostructural Mott transition in highly compressed MnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-EMISSION; HIGH-PRESSURE; FEO; SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETISM; COLLAPSE; GPA; STABILITY; STATE; EARTH AB We present evidence for an isostructural, first-order Mott transition in MnO at 105 +/- 5 GPa, based on high-resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy and angle-resolved x-ray diffraction data. The pressure-induced structural and spectral changes provide a coherent picture of MnO phase transitions from paramagnetic B1 to antiferromagnetic distorted B1 at 30 GPa, to paramagnetic B8 at 90 GPa, and to diamagnetic B8 at 105 +/- 5 GPa. The last is the Mott transition, accompanied by a significant loss of magnetic moment, a similar to 6.6% volume collapse and the insulator-metal transition as demonstrated by recent resistance measurements. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HP CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Yoo, CS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 22 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 11 AR 115502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.115502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 910IA UT WOS:000227923200040 PM 15903870 ER PT J AU Kirov, SA Peng, X Baker, E Schmoyer, D Zhang, B Snoddy, J AF Kirov, SA Peng, X Baker, E Schmoyer, D Zhang, B Snoddy, J TI GeneKeyDB: A lightweight, gene-centric, relational database to support data mining environments SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID RESOURCES AB Background: The analysis of biological data is greatly enhanced by existing or emerging databases. Most existing databases, with few exceptions are not designed to easily support large scale computational analysis, but rather offer exclusively a web interface to the resource. We have recognized the growing need for a database which can be used successfully as a backend to computational analysis tools and pipelines. Such database should be sufficiently versatile to allow easy system integration. Results: GeneKeyDB is a gene-centered relational database developed to enhance data mining in biological data sets. The system provides an underlying data layer for computational analysis tools and visualization tools. GeneKeyDB relies primarily on existing database identifiers derived from community databases (NCBI, GO, Ensembl, et al.) as well as the known relationships among those identifiers. It is a lightweight, portable, and extensible platform for integration with computational tools and analysis environments. Conclusion: GeneKeyDB can enable analysis tools and users to manipulate the intersections, unions, and differences among different data sets. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Baylor Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Snoddy, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM skirov@utk.edu; xpeng@utk.edu; Erich_Baker@baylor.edu; dcs@ornl.gov; bzhang@utk.edu; v8v@ornl.gov FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R21 AA013532, U01-AA013532]; NIDA NIH HHS [P01 DA015027, P01-DA015027] NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 6 AR 72 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-6-72 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 913PZ UT WOS:000228166600001 PM 15790402 ER PT J AU Schoonover, JR Dattelbaum, DM Malko, A Klimov, VI Meyer, TJ Styers-Barnett, DJ Gannon, EZ Granger, JC Aldridge, WS Papanikolas, JM AF Schoonover, JR Dattelbaum, DM Malko, A Klimov, VI Meyer, TJ Styers-Barnett, DJ Gannon, EZ Granger, JC Aldridge, WS Papanikolas, JM TI Ultrafast energy transfer between the (MLCT)-M-3 state of [Ru-II(dmb)(2)(bpy-an)](2+) and the covalently appended anthracene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID INTERLIGAND ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYPYRIDINE COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATES; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; RUTHENIUM(II); DYNAMICS; METAL; OSMIUM(II); LIFETIMES; EVOLUTION AB The time scale for triplet-triplet energy transfer (EnT) between a Ru(II) chromophore and a ligand bound anthracene acceptor in [Ru-II(dmb)(2)(bpy-an)](2+) (dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2-bipyridine; bpy-an = 4-(9-anthrylethylene), 4-methyl-2,2-bipyridine) has been measured using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The appearance of the anthracene excited state is monitored following photoexcitation to a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) state via the pi pi* absorption of the triplet excited state of anthracene. Our time-resolved experiments show the presence of fast, sub-100 ps energy transfer to the anthracene occurring on two characteristic time scales of 23 and 72 ps. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 2472 EP 2475 DI 10.1021/jp044444j PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 907RA UT WOS:000227734400010 PM 16833548 ER PT J AU Chikan, V Leone, SR AF Chikan, V Leone, SR TI Vibrational distributions of the CO(v) products of the C2H2+O(P-3) and HCCO+O(P-3) reactions studied by FTIR emission SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CROSSED MOLECULAR-BEAM; ATOMIC OXYGEN; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; BRANCHING RATIO; RATE-CONSTANT; LOW-PRESSURE; SPECTROSCOPY; ACETYLENE; HCCO AB The C2H2 + O(P-3) and HCCO + O(P-3) reactions are investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) emission spectroscopy. The O(P-3) radicals are produced by 193 nm photolysis of an SO2 precursor or microwave discharge in O-2. The HCCO radical is either formed in the first step of the C2H2 + O(P-3) reaction or by 193 nm photodissociation of ethyl ethynyl ether. Vibrationally excited CO and CO2 products are observed. The microwave discharge experiment [C2H2 + O(P-3)] shows a bimodal distribution of the CO(v) product, which is due to the sequential C2H2 + O(P-3) and HCCO + O(P-3) reactions. The vibrational distribution of CO(v) from the HCCO + O(P-3) reaction also shows its own bimodal shape. The vibrational distribution of CO(v) from C2H2 + O(P-3) can be characterized by a Boltzmann plot with a vibrational temperature of similar to 2400 +/- 100 K, in agreement with previous results. The CO distribution from the HCCO + O(P-3) reaction, when studied under conditions to minimize other processes, shows very little contamination from other reactions, and the distribution can be characterized by a linear combination of Boltzmann plots with two vibrational temperatures: 2320 +/- 40 and 10300 +/- 600 K. From the experimental results and previous theoretical work, the bimodal CO(v) distribution for the HCCO + O(P-3) reaction suggests a sequential dissociation process of the HC(O)COdouble dagger -> CO + HCO; HCO -> H + CO. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 2525 EP 2533 DI 10.1021/jp040585+ PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 907RA UT WOS:000227734400016 PM 16833554 ER PT J AU Matranga, C Bockrath, B AF Matranga, C Bockrath, B TI Hydrogen-bonded and physisorbed CO in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; PORE STRUCTURE; SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; PHYSICAL ADSORPTION; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; STRETCHING REGION; METHANE MOBILITY; MONOXIDE COMPLEX; GAS-ADSORPTION AB Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to study CO adsorption in single-walled carbon nanotubes. Evidence for adsorption in endohedral and groove/external surface sites is presented through displacement studies involving both CO and CO2. Blue-shifted CO stretching frequencies also indicate that CO hydrogen bonds to hydroxyl functionalities created on the nanotubes by acid purification steps. N-2 surface area measurements are used to further understand the porosity of the nanotube samples and to help explain the spectroscopic results. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM matranga@netl.doe.gov RI Matranga, Christopher/E-4741-2015 OI Matranga, Christopher/0000-0001-7082-5938 NR 74 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 4853 EP 4864 DI 10.1021/jp0464122 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 907RB UT WOS:000227734500009 PM 16863139 ER PT J AU Lin, WY Frei, H AF Lin, WY Frei, H TI Anchored metal-to-metal charge-transfer chromophores in a mesoporous silicate sieve for visible-light activation of titanium centers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; TIMCM-41 MOLECULAR-SIEVES; FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; ION-IMPLANTED TIO2; PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTIVITY; CATALYTIC EPOXIDATION; LASER-ABLATION; ACTIVE-SITE; ZEOLITE-Y; SURFACE AB Binuclear metal-to-metal charge-transfer (MMCT) moieties consisting of a Ti and a Cu-I or a Ti and a Sn-II center were obtained in a MCM-41 silicate sieve along with isolated metal centers when exposing Ti-grafted MCM-41 to Cu-I or Sn-II precursors featuring highly labile CH3CN ligands. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed complete removal of the labile CH3CN ligands of the metal precursor and the formation of Cu-I-O-Ti, Cu-I-O-Si, and corresponding Sn-II linkages on the pore surface. Optical and FT-IR difference spectroscopy upon oxidation of Cu-I (Sn-II) allowed assignment of the Cu-I-O (642 cm(-1)) and Sn-II-O (610 cm(-1)) bond modes of the MMCT moiety. The visible-light-absorbing Ti-IV-O-Cu-I MMCT chromophore extends from the UV to 600 nm, the corresponding Ti-IV-O-Sn-II absorption to 470 nm. Electron paramagnetic resonance monitoring of the TiSnII-MCM-41 sieve following photoexcitation of the MMCT transitions at cryogenic temperature confirmed that Ti is reduced to Ti-III under visible light. Assembly of inorganic MMCT sites inside high-surface-area mesoporous silicates with each metal in a preselected oxidation state opens up activation of catalytically important metal centers under visible light. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mailstop Cavlin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frei, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mailstop Cavlin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Hmfrei@lbl.gov NR 65 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 4929 EP 4935 DI 10.1021/jp040677z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 907RB UT WOS:000227734500019 PM 16863149 ER PT J AU Lee, HS Choi, CH Gordon, MS AF Lee, HS Choi, CH Gordon, MS TI Comparative study of surface cycloadditions of ethylene and 2-butene on the Si(100)-2 x 1 surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MM3 FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; SI(001) SURFACE; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; ADSORPTION; ACETYLENE; HYDROCARBONS; CHEMISTRY; DECOMPOSITION AB Multireference wave functions were used to study the ethylene and 2-butene surface reactions on Si(100) in their lowest energy singlet states. In addition to the diradical pathway, a pi-complex pathway on the ethylene surface was found. The net barrier for the latter process is 4.5 kcal/mol higher than that for the former, making the pi-complex pathway kinetically less accessible. Therefore, although there is a competition between the two initial channels, the diradical path is slightly favored, and rotational isomerization is possible. However, since the initial potential energy surfaces of the two channels are different, depending on experimental conditions, the branching ratio between the two channels may change. Consequently, the combined effects that would favor one channel over the other may not derive directly from the initial reaction barrier. This provides an explanation of the experimental controversy. As a result, the final distributions of surface products may depend on the experimental kinetic environment, especially when the population change due to the rotational isomerization is expected to be very small. A significantly different reaction channel is found in the 2-butene surface reaction on Si(100), in which a methyl hydrogen easily transfers to the surface yielding a new type of surface product other than the expected [2 + 2] cycloaddition product, with a comparatively small activation barrier. Consequently, the overall surface reactions of ethylene and 2-butene may be quite different. Therefore, direct comparisons between ethylene and 2-butene experimental results would be very useful. C1 Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Chem, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Choi, CH (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Chem, Taegu 702701, South Korea. EM cchoi@knu.ac.kr; mark@si.fi.ameslab.gov NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 5067 EP 5072 DI 10.1021/jp0501345 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 907RB UT WOS:000227734500037 PM 16863167 ER PT J AU Zharnikov, M Shaporenko, A Paul, A Golzhauser, A Schow, A AF Zharnikov, M Shaporenko, A Paul, A Golzhauser, A Schow, A TI X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy studies for the development of lithography with a monomolecular resist SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ENERGY-ELECTRON IRRADIATION; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; ALKANETHIOLATE MONOLAYERS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCED DAMAGE; BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; PATTERN TRANSFER; CROSS-SECTIONS; ALKYL CHAINS AB Soft X-ray absorption microscopy was applied to image and characterize molecular patterns produced by electron irradiation of aliphatic and aromatic thiol-derived self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au substrates. The measurements were performed at all relevant absorption edges. The fabricated patterns could be clearly imaged with a lateral resolution better than 150 nm, which, for example, allowed us to distinguish a fine structure of 1 mu m features. The X-ray absorption microspot spectra derived from different areas of the SAM patterns provided specific chemical information on pristine and irradiated areas and unexpected features in these patterns. The quality of the microspot spectra is comparable with that of the analogous X-ray absorption spectra acquired with standard equipment from homogeneous SAMs. In particular, a chemical transformation of the functional tail groups within the irradiated areas of the patterned aromatic SAMs could be directly monitored. C1 Heidelberg Univ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zharnikov, M (reprint author), Heidelberg Univ, Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM Michael.Zharnikov@ur.uni-heidelberg.de RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Golzhauser, Armin/I-1270-2016 OI Golzhauser, Armin/0000-0002-0838-9028 NR 57 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 5168 EP 5174 DI 10.1021/jp040649g PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 907RB UT WOS:000227734500051 PM 16863181 ER PT J AU Messer, BM Cappa, CD Smith, JD Wilson, KR Gilles, MK Cohen, RC Saykally, RJ AF Messer, BM Cappa, CD Smith, JD Wilson, KR Gilles, MK Cohen, RC Saykally, RJ TI pH dependence of the electronic structure of glycine SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; RELATIVE HYDRATION NUMBERS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; NMR RELAXATION-TIMES; PROTEIN AMINO-ACIDS; ZWITTERIONIC FORMS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; MOLECULES AB The carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen K-edge spectra were measured for aqueous solutions of glycine by total electron yield near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (TEY NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The bulk solution pH was systematically varied while maintaining a constant amino acid concentration. Spectra were assigned through comparisons with both previous studies and ab initio computed spectra of isolated glycine molecules and hydrated glycine clusters. Nitrogen K-edge solution spectra recorded at low and moderate pH are nearly identical to those of solid glycine, whereas basic solution spectra strongly resemble those of the gas phase. The carbon 1s -> pi*c=o transition exhibits a 0.2 eV red shift at high pH due to the deprotonation of the amine terminus. This deprotonation also effects a 1.4 eV red shift in the nitrogen K-edge at high pH. Two sharp preedge features at 401.3 and 402.5 eV are also observed at high pH. These resonances, previously observed in the vapor-phase ISEELS spectrum of glycine,(1) have been reassigned as transitions to sigma* bound states. The observation of these peaks indicates that the amine moiety is in an acceptor-only hydrogen bond configuration at high pH. At low pH, the oxygen Is -> pi*c=o transition exhibits a 0.25-eV red shift due to the protonation of the carboxylic acid terminus. These spectral differences indicate that the variations in electronic structure observed in the NEXAFS spectra are determined by the internal charge state and hydration environment of the molecule in solution. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saykally, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM saykally@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011 OI Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691 NR 34 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 11 BP 5375 EP 5382 DI 10.1021/jp0457592 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 907RB UT WOS:000227734500074 PM 16863204 ER PT J AU Belt, JR Ho, CD Miller, TJ Habib, MA Duong, TQ AF Belt, JR Ho, CD Miller, TJ Habib, MA Duong, TQ TI The effect of temperature on capacity and power in cycled lithium ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium ion; capacity fade; power fade; cycle life ID LIFE; CELLS; FADE AB The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) tested six Saft America HP-12 (Generation 2000), 12-Ah lithium ion cells to evaluate cycle life performance as a power assist vehicle battery. The cells were tested to investigate the effects of temperature on capacity and power fade. Test results showed that five of the six cells were able to meet the power assist power and energy goals at the beginning of test and after 300,000 cycles using a battery size factor (BSF) of 44.3 cells. The initial static capacity tests showed that the capacities of the cells were stable for three discharges and had an average of 16.4 Ah. All the cells met the self-discharge goal, but failed to meet the cold cranking goal. As is typical for lithium ion cells, both power and capacity decreased during the low-temperature thermal performance test and increased during the high-temperature thermal performance test. Capacity faded as expected over the course of 300,000 life cycles and showed a weak inverse relationship to increasing temperature. Power fade was mostly a result of cycling while temperature had a minor effect compared to cycle life testing. Consequently, temperature had very little effect on capacity and power fade for the proprietary G4 chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Ford Motor Co, THINK Technol, N Dearborn, MI 48120 USA. GM Motors RandD Ctr, Warren, MI 48090 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Belt, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM beltjr@inel.gov NR 7 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.10.029 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 916YK UT WOS:000228422500041 ER PT J AU Ambrogiani, M Andreotti, M Argiro, S Bagnasco, S Baldini, W Bettoni, D Borreani, G Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Cester, R Cibinetto, G Dalpiaz, P Fan, X Garzoglio, G Gollwitzer, KE Graham, M Hahn, A Hu, M Jin, S Joffe, D Kasper, J Lasio, G Lo Vetere, M Luppi, E Maas, P Macri, M Mandelkern, M Marchetto, E Marinelli, M Marsh, W Martini, M Menichetti, E Metreveli, Z Mussa, R Negrini, M Obertino, MM Pallavicini, M Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pedlar, TK Pordes, S Robutti, E Roethel, W Rosen, J Rumerio, P Rusack, R Santroni, A Schultz, J Seo, SH Seth, KK Stancari, G Stancari, M Streets, J Tomaradze, A Uman, I Vidnovic, T Werkema, S Zioulas, G Zweber, P AF Ambrogiani, M Andreotti, M Argiro, S Bagnasco, S Baldini, W Bettoni, D Borreani, G Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Cester, R Cibinetto, G Dalpiaz, P Fan, X Garzoglio, G Gollwitzer, KE Graham, M Hahn, A Hu, M Jin, S Joffe, D Kasper, J Lasio, G Lo Vetere, M Luppi, E Maas, P Macri, M Mandelkern, M Marchetto, E Marinelli, M Marsh, W Martini, M Menichetti, E Metreveli, Z Mussa, R Negrini, M Obertino, MM Pallavicini, M Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pedlar, TK Pordes, S Robutti, E Roethel, W Rosen, J Rumerio, P Rusack, R Santroni, A Schultz, J Seo, SH Seth, KK Stancari, G Stancari, M Streets, J Tomaradze, A Uman, I Vidnovic, T Werkema, S Zioulas, G Zweber, P TI Measurement of the angular distribution in (p)over-barp ->psi(2S)-> e(+)e(-) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; BARYON; J/PSI; ANNIHILATION; PSI' AB We present the first measurement of the angular distribution for the exclusive process (p) over barp -> psi(2S) -> e(+)e(-) based on a sample of 6844 events collected by the Fermilab E835 experiment. We find that the angular distribution is well described by the expected functional form d N/d cos theta* proportional to 1 + lambda cos(2) theta*, where theta* is the angle between the antiproton and the electron in the center of mass frame, with lambda = 0.67 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 0.04(sys). The measured value for lambda implies a small but non-zero psi(2S) helicity 0 formation amplitude in (p) over barp, comparable to what is observed in J/psi decays to baryon pairs. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Patrignani, C (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. EM patrignani@ge.infn.it RI Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Martini, Matteo/L-5271-2015 OI Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Martini, Matteo/0000-0001-9485-6384 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 610 IS 3-4 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.01.093 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 908TR UT WOS:000227813600002 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, A Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, A Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, A Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, A Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Study of the pion trajectory in the photoproduction of leading neutrons at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; CROSS-SECTIONS; DESIGN; PROTON; CONSTRUCTION; SPECTRA; EVENTS AB Energetic neutrons produced in ep collisions at HERA have been studied with the ZEUS detector in the photoproduction regime at a mean photon-proton center-of-mass energy of 220 GeV. The neutrons carry a large fraction 0.64 < x(L) < 0.925 of the incoming proton energy, and the four-momentum transfer squared at the proton-neutron vertex is small, vertical bar t vertical bar < 0.425 GeV(2). The x(L) distribution of the neutrons is measured in bins of t. The (1 - x(L)) distributions in the t bins studied satisfy a power law dN/dx(L) proportional to (1 - x(L))(a(t)), with the powers a(t) following a linear function of t: a(t) = 0.88 +/- 0.09(stat.)(-0.39)(+0.34) (syst.) - (2.81 +/- 0.42(stat.)(-0.62)(+1.13) (syst.) GeV(-2))t. This result is consistent with the expectations of pion-exchange models, in which the incoming proton fluctuates to a neutron-pion state, and the electron interacts with the pion. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, Deutsch Elektron Synchrotron, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, I-50121 Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 158, Japan. Univ Turin, I-10124 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Nara Womens Univ, Nara 630, Japan. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. RP Chekanov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rik.yoshida@desy.de RI Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Bremner, James/B-1632-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337; PAGANIS, STATHES/0000-0002-1950-8993; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 610 IS 3-4 BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.01.101 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 908TR UT WOS:000227813600005 ER PT J AU Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M CA FOCUS Collaboration TI Study of the D-0 -> K+K-pi(+)pi(-) decay SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID NONLEPTONIC DECAYS; D-MESONS; SPECTROMETER; FOCUS AB Using data from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab, we present a new measurement for the Cabibbo-suppressed decay mode D-0 -> K+K-pi(+)pi(-). We measure: Gamma(D-0 -> K+K-pi(+)pi(-))/Gamma(D-0 -> K-pi(-)pi(+)pi(+)) = 0.0295 +/- 0.0011 +/- 0.0008. An amplitude analysis has been performed in order to determine the resonant substructure of this decay mode. The dominant components are the decays D-0 -> K-1(1270)K-+(-), D-0 -> K-1(1400)K-+(-) and D-0 -> p(770)(0)phi(1020). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM alberto@cbpf.br RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013 OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 610 IS 3-4 BP 225 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.02.005 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 908TR UT WOS:000227813600007 ER PT J AU Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F AF Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F TI Factorization of large-x quark distributions in a hadron SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD; CONNECTION; SCATTERING AB We present a factorization formula for valence quark distributions in a hadron in x -> 1 limit. For the example of pion, we arrive at the form of factorization by analyzing momentum flow in the leading and high-order Feynman diagrams. The result confirms the well-known 1 - x scaling rule to all orders in perturbation theory, providing the nonperturbative matrix elements for the infrared divergence factors. We comment on resummation of perturbative single and double logarithms in 1 - x. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ji, XD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM fyuan@quark.phy.bnl.gov RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 24 PY 2005 VL 610 IS 3-4 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.02.019 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 908TR UT WOS:000227813600009 ER PT J AU Commer, M Helwig, SL Hordt, A Tezkan, B AF Commer, M Helwig, SL Hordt, A Tezkan, B TI Interpretation of long-offset transient electromagnetic data from Mount Merapi, Indonesia, using a three-dimensional optimization approach SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL JAVA; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VOLCANO; EQUATIONS; LAVAS AB [1] In the years 1998, 2000, and 2001, long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) surveys were carried out at the active volcano Merapi in Central Java. The measurements investigated the conductivity structure of the volcanic edifice. Our area of interest, which is below the summit and the upper flanks, was investigated using horizontal and vertical magnetic field time derivative data from seven transmitter-receiver setups. Because of topography and a three-dimensional (3-D) underground structure, a 3-D interpretation is used. The method optimizes few parameters of a 3-D model by a stable least squares joint inversion of the data, providing sufficient resolution capability. Reasonable data fits are achieved with a nonhorizontally layered model featuring a very conductive basement below depths of 1.5 km. While hydrothermal alteration is also considered, we tentatively explain the high conductivities by aqueous solutions with relatively high salt contents. A large magma body or a small superficial reservoir below Merapi's central volcanic complex, as discussed by other authors, cannot be resolved by the LOTEM data. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, D-50923 Cologne, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Geol, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Commer, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mcommer@lbl.gov RI Helwig, Stefan/C-8023-2011; Commer, Michael/G-3350-2015 OI Commer, Michael/0000-0003-0015-9217 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 110 IS B3 AR B03207 DI 10.1029/2004JB003206 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 913MM UT WOS:000228155900001 ER PT J AU Kitaoka, Y Kotegawa, H Harada, A Kawasaki, S Kawasaki, Y Haga, Y Yamamoto, E Onuki, Y Itoh, KM Haller, EE Harima, H AF Kitaoka, Y Kotegawa, H Harada, A Kawasaki, S Kawasaki, Y Haga, Y Yamamoto, E Onuki, Y Itoh, KM Haller, EE Harima, H TI Novel phase diagram of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in UGe2: a Ge-73-NQR study under high pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Physics of Solids Under High Pressure Using Nuclear Probes CY JUL 20-24, 2004 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTOR; QUADRUPOLE-RESONANCE; COEXISTENCE; TRANSITION; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; FLUCTUATIONS; DESTRUCTION; CRITICALITY; ERRH4B4; SURFACE AB We report on the pressure- induced novel phases of ferromagnetism (FM) and superconductivity (SC) in the itinerant ferromagnet UGe2 through Ge-73-NQR measurements under pressure (P). The P dependence of the NQR spectrum points to a first-order transition from strongly to weakly polarized ferromagnetic phases (SP and WP) around a critical pressure of P-c(*) similar to 1.2 GPa. Furthermore, it shows the phase separation into the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases around P-c similar to 1.6 GPa. SC exhibiting a maximum value of the superconducting transition temperature T-sc similar to 0.7 K at P-c(*) similar to 1.2 GPa was found to take place in connection with a P-induced first-order transition from SP to WP The measurement of nuclear spin lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 has probed the ferromagnetic transition, exhibiting a peak at the Curie temperature as well as a decrease without the coherence peak below T-sc. These results reveal the uniformly coexistent phase of FM and unconventional SC with a line-node gap. Around P-c where the FM disappears, it is shown that SC occurs under the background of FM, but not in the paramagnetic phase. We remark on an intimate interplay between the onset of SC and the underlying electronic state for SP and WP. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Mat Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Physicoinformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. RP Kitaoka, Y (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Mat Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. RI KAWASAKI, Shinji/B-2586-2011; Itoh, Kohei/C-5738-2014 NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP S975 EP S986 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/11/030 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 914TA UT WOS:000228249400031 ER PT J AU Koyama, T Nakamura, M Mito, T Wada, S Sarrao, JL AF Koyama, T Nakamura, M Mito, T Wada, S Sarrao, JL TI Valence and magnetic transitions in YbInCu4 probed using Cu-63 nuclear quadrupole resonance under high pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Physics of Solids Under High Pressure Using Nuclear Probes CY JUL 20-24, 2004 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID PHASE-TRANSITION; YBXIN1-XCU2 AB Applying pressure to the valence fluctuating compound YbInCu4 lowers the valence transition temperature and stabilizes the high temperature (HT) localized spin state. For pressure above 2.4 GPa, the valence transition is completely suppressed and the magnetically ordered state arises as a new ground state below 2.4 K. In order to elucidate microscopically the relation between the valence and magnetic transitions in f electron system, we performed Cu-63 NQR measurements of YbInCu4 under pressure up to 2.5 GPa. The experimental results provide clear evidence for the onset of the magnetic ordering in the pressure-stabilized HT state above 2.3 GPa. The nuclear spinlattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 in the HT state shows 1/T-1 = constant behaviour down to 3.0 K and a divergence increase just below 2.4 K. We concluded that the pressure-stabilized localized electron state of YbInCu4 transforms directly into a magnetically ordered state, without displaying any intermediate heavy Fermi liquid behaviour. C1 Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Koyama, T (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP S901 EP S904 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/11/021 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 914TA UT WOS:000228249400022 ER PT J AU Tomita, T Deemyad, S Hamlin, JJ Schilling, JS Tissen, VG Veal, BW Chen, L Claus, H AF Tomita, T Deemyad, S Hamlin, JJ Schilling, JS Tissen, VG Veal, BW Chen, L Claus, H TI Enhanced superconducting properties of bicrystalline YBa2Cu3Ox and alkali metals under pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Physics of Solids Under High Pressure Using Nuclear Probes CY JUL 20-24, 2004 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID CRITICAL CURRENTS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; DENSE LITHIUM; TRANSFORMATION; DEPENDENCE AB Nearly hydrostatic pressures are found to enhance the critical current density J(c) through single grain boundaries in YBa2CU3Ox rings and to induce superconductivity in Li. Whereas Li becomes superconducting above 20 GPa at temperatures as high as 15 K, no superconductivity was observed above 4 K in Na to 65 GPa nor in K above 4 K to 43.5 GPa or above 1.5 K to 35 GPa. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow District, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tomita, T (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, CB 1105, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP S921 EP S928 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/11/024 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 914TA UT WOS:000228249400025 ER PT J AU Schlick, TL Ding, ZB Kovacs, EW Francis, MB AF Schlick, TL Ding, ZB Kovacs, EW Francis, MB TI Dual-surface modification of the tobacco mosaic virus SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BUILDING-BLOCKS; PROTEIN; RESOLUTION; TEMPLATES; PARTICLES; NANOWIRES; ACID; CAGE AB The protein shell of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) provides a robust and practical tubelike scaffold for the preparation of nanoscale materials. To expand the range of applications for which the capsid can be used, two synthetic strategies have been developed for the attachment of new functionality to either the exterior or the interior surface of the virus. The first of these is accomplished using a highly efficient diazonium coupling/oxime formation sequence, which installs > 2000 copies of a material component on the capsid exterior. Alternatively, the inner cavity of the tube can be modified by attaching amines to glutamic acid side chains through a carbodiimide coupling reaction. Both of these reactions have been demonstrated for a series of substrates, including biotin, chromophores, and crown ethers. Through the attachment of PEG polymers to the capsid exterior, organic-soluble TMV rods have been prepared. Finally, the orthogonality of these reactions has been demonstrated by installing different functional groups on the exterior and interior surfaces of the same capsid assemblies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM francis@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 30 TC 292 Z9 294 U1 11 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 11 BP 3718 EP 3723 DI 10.1021/ja046239n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 907SQ UT WOS:000227738700037 PM 15771505 ER PT J AU Merlo, JA Newman, CR Gerlach, CP Kelley, TW Muyres, DV Fritz, SE Toney, MF Frisbie, CD AF Merlo, JA Newman, CR Gerlach, CP Kelley, TW Muyres, DV Fritz, SE Toney, MF Frisbie, CD TI p-channel organic semiconductors based on hybrid acene-thiophene molecules for thin-film transistor applications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EFFECT MOBILITY; CONTACT RESISTANCE; ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT; CARRIER MOBILITY; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; HOLE MOBILITY; GATE VOLTAGE; PENTACENE AB We report the structural and electrical characterization of two new p-channel organic semiconductors, 5,5'-bis(2-tetracenyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (1) and 5,5'-bis(2-anthracenyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (2). Both compounds exhibited a high degree of thermal stability with decomposition temperatures of 530 degrees C and 425 degrees C for 1 and 2, respectively. The thin-film structures of 1 and 2 were examined using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Films of 1 and 2 pack in similar triclinic unit cells with the long axes of the molecules nearly perpendicular to the substrate. Thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on 1 and 2 exhibit contact-corrected linear regime hole mobility as high as 0.5 cm(2)/Vs and 0.1 cm(2)/Vs, respectively. The specific contact resistance at high gate voltages for gold top contacts was 2 x 10(4) Omega cm and 3 x 10(4) Omega cm for 35 nm thick films of 1 and 2, respectively. Long-term air stability tests revealed less degradation of the electrical properties of 1 and 2 in comparison to pentacene. Variable temperature measurements revealed activation energies as low as 22 and 27 meV for 1 and 2, respectively. The temperature and gate voltage dependence of the mobility are discussed in terms of a double exponential distribution of trap states and a model accounting for the layered structure of the organic films. The enhanced air and thermal stability over pentacene, combined with good electrical performance characteristics, make 2 a promising candidate for future organic TFT applications. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. 3M Co, Corp Res Mat Lab, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Frisbie, CD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM frisbie@cems.umn.edu RI Frisbie, C Daniel/F-3995-2011 NR 68 TC 178 Z9 178 U1 7 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 11 BP 3997 EP 4009 DI 10.1021/ja044078h PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 907SQ UT WOS:000227738700069 PM 15771537 ER PT J AU Poluektov, OG Utschig, LM Dubinskij, AA Thurnauer, MC AF Poluektov, OG Utschig, LM Dubinskij, AA Thurnauer, MC TI Electron transfer pathways and protein response to charge separation in photosynthetic reaction centers: Time-resolved high-field ENDOR of the spin-correlated radical pair P-865+Q(A-) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; EPR SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-FREQUENCY; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; TRANSIENT EPR; PULSED ENDOR; QUANTUM BEATS; POLARIZATION; RESONANCE AB Recently we reported the first observation of time-resolved (TR) high-frequency (HF) electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) of the transient charge separated state P(865)(+)Q(A)(-) in purple photosynthetic bacterial reaction centers (RC) (Poluektov, O. G., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 1644-1645). The high resolution and orientational selectivity of HF ENDOR allows us to directly probe protein environments by spectrally selecting specific nuclei in isotopically labeled samples. A new phenomenon associated with the spin correlated radical pair (SCRP) nature Of P(865)(+)Q(A)(-) was observed. The TR-HF ENDOR spectra of protein nuclei (protons) surrounding deuterated Q(A)(-) exhibit a derivative-like, complicated line shape, which differs considerably from the HF ENDOR spectrum of the protein nuclei surrounding thermally equilibrated Q(A)(-). Here, a theoretical analysis of these observations is presented that shows that the positions and amplitudes of ENDOR lines contain information on hyperfine interactions (HFI) of a particular nucleus (a proton of the protein) with both correlated electron spins. Thus, spin density delocalization in the protein environment between the SCRP donor and acceptor molecules can be revealed via HF ENDOR. Novel approaches for acquiring and analyzing SCRP ENDOR that simplify interpretation of the spectra are discussed. Furthermore, we report here that the positions of the ENDOR lines of the SCRP shift with an increase in the time after laser flash, which initiates electron transfer. These shifts provide direct spectroscopic evidence of reorganization of the protein environment to accommodate the donor-acceptor charge-separated state P(865)(+)Q(A)(-). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Phys, Moscow 117977, Russia. RP Poluektov, OG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Oleg@anl.gov NR 53 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 23 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 11 BP 4049 EP 4059 DI 10.1021/ja043063g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 907SQ UT WOS:000227738700074 PM 15771542 ER PT J AU Pang, JB John, VT Loy, DA Yang, ZZ Lu, YF AF Pang, JB John, VT Loy, DA Yang, ZZ Lu, YF TI Hierarchical mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites from phenyl-bridged organosilane SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC GROUPS; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; ACIDIC CONDITIONS; SILICA; TEMPLATE; WALLS; MESOPHASES; NANOTUBES AB Mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites (see Figure) have been synthesized by carbonization of an ordered mesostructured phenylene/silica hybrid with both meso- and molecular-scale ordering. The carbon/silica nanocomposite exhibits an unique pore wall containing carbon and silica components. Removal of the silica results in the formation of mesoporous carbon that could potentially be used for hydrogen storage. C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Polymers & Coating Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Ctr Mol Sci, State Key Lab Polymer Phys & Chem, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Lu, YF (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM ylu@tulane.edu RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009; John, Vijay/G-3747-2010; 杨, 振忠/B-5929-2015 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958; NR 25 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 39 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 6 BP 704 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200400873 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 910HY UT WOS:000227923000010 ER PT J AU Beckstead, JA Block, BL Bielicki, JK Kay, CM Oda, MN Ryan, RO AF Beckstead, JA Block, BL Bielicki, JK Kay, CM Oda, MN Ryan, RO TI Combined N- and C-terminal truncation of human apolipoprotein A-I yields a folded, functional central domain SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; EXCHANGEABLE APOLIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPHORIN-III; GUANIDINE-HYDROCHLORIDE; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; LIPID-BINDING; CONFORMATION; ORGANIZATION; PROTEIN; HELIX AB A combined N- and C-terminal truncation variant of human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) was designed, expressed in Escherichia coli, isolated, and characterized. Hydrodynamic experiments yielded a weight average molecular weight of 34000, indicating apoA-I-(44-186) exists in solution predominantly as a dimer. An axial ratio of 4.2 was calculated for the dimer based on sedimentation velocity experiments. Far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy of apoA-I-(44-186) in buffer indicated the presence of 65% alpha-helix secondary structure. Guanidine hydrochloride denaturation experiments yielded a transition midpoint of 0.5 M for apoA-I-(44-186). ApoA-I-(44-186) induced solubilization of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles at a rate comparable to that of full-length apoA-I, displayed lipoprotein binding ability, and was an acceptor of ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux from cultured macrophages. Fluorescence quenching studies with KI indicate that the three Trp residues in apoA-I-(44-186) are shielded from the aqueous environment. Taken together, the data indicate that lipid-free apoA-I-(44-186) adopts a folded conformation in solution that possesses lipid binding capability. The central region of apoA-I appears to adopt a globular amphipathic alpha-helix bundle organization that is stabilized by intramolecular and/or intermolecular helix-helix interactions. Lipid association likely results in a conformational adaptation wherein helix-helix contacts are substituted for helix-lipid interactions. C1 Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Lipid Biol Hlth & Dis Res Grp, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Biochem & Prot Engn, Network Ctr Excellence, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ryan, RO (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Lipid Biol Hlth & Dis Res Grp, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. EM rryan@chori.org FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64159] NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 11 BP 4591 EP 4599 DI 10.1021/bi0477135 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 907RZ UT WOS:000227736900050 PM 15766290 ER PT J AU Zhao, LH Clapsaddle, BJ Satcher, JH Schaefer, DW Shea, KJ AF Zhao, LH Clapsaddle, BJ Satcher, JH Schaefer, DW Shea, KJ TI Integrated chemical systems: The simultaneous formation of hybrid nanocomposites of iron oxide and organo silsesquioxanes SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS; MAJOR PHASE; NETWORKS; EPOXIDES; MONOLITHS; AEROGELS; SILICA AB A sol-gel approach for the synthesis of hybrid nanocomposites of iron oxide and bridged polysilsesquioxanes has been established. The procedures allow for the simultaneous formation of iron oxide and poly silsesquioxane networks in monolithic xerogels and aerogels. These hybrid nanocomposites are synthesized from FeCl(3)center dot 6H(2)O and functionalized silsesquioxane monomers in a one-pot reaction using epoxides as a gelation agent. The porosity and microstructure of the materials have been determined by nitrogen porosimetry, electron microscopy, and ultra small-angle X-ray scattering. The hybrid nanocomposites exhibit a uniform dispersion of both components with no evidence for phase separation at length scales >5 nm. At this limit of resolution, it is not possible to distinguish between two independent interpenetrating networks integrated at molecular length scales or a random copolymer or mixtures of both. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Shea, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM kjshea@uci.edu RI USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013 NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1358 EP 1366 DI 10.1021/cm048231i PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 908FF UT WOS:000227772100018 ER PT J AU Baettig, P Schelle, CF LeSar, R Waghmare, UV Spaldin, NA AF Baettig, P Schelle, CF LeSar, R Waghmare, UV Spaldin, NA TI Theoretical prediction of new high-performance lead-free piezoelectrics SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MORPHOTROPIC PHASE-BOUNDARY; PEROVSKITE OXIDES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; CERAMICS; PBTIO3; FERROELECTRICITY; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITIONS; BATIO3 AB We predict the occurrence of large ferroelectric polarization and piezoelectricity in the hypothetical perovskite-structure oxides, bismuth aluminate (BiAlO3) and bismuth gallate (BiGaO3), using density functional theory within the local density approximation. We show that BiGaO3 will have a similar structure to PbTiO3, although with much stronger tetragonal distortion and therefore improved ferroelectric properties. Likewise, BiAlO3 shares structural characteristics with antiferrodistortive PbZrO3, but it is also a ferroelectric with large polarization. Therefore, we propose the Bi(Al,Ga)O-3 system as a replacement for the widely used piezoelectric material, Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT), that will avoid the environmental toxicity problems of lead-based compounds. Finally, we show that, in both BiAlO3 and BiGaO3, the large distortions from the prototypical cubic structure are driven by the stereochemical activity of the Bi lone pair. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Fribourg, Dept Chem, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Theoret Sci Unit, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India. RP Spaldin, NA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Baettig, Pio/D-8597-2011; Spaldin, Nicola/A-1017-2010; LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012 OI Spaldin, Nicola/0000-0003-0709-9499; NR 48 TC 219 Z9 224 U1 22 U2 152 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1376 EP 1380 DI 10.1021/cm0480418 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 908FF UT WOS:000227772100020 ER PT J AU Sawvel, AM Chinn, SC Bourcier, WL Maxwell, RS AF Sawvel, AM Chinn, SC Bourcier, WL Maxwell, RS TI Local structure of amorphous (PbO)(x)[(B2O3)(1-z)(Al2O3)(z)](y)(SiO2)(y) dielectric materials by multinuclear solid state NMR SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LEAD-BOROSILICATE GLASSES; HIGH-RESOLUTION B-11; SI-29 MAS-NMR; BORATE GLASSES; SILICATE-GLASSES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; PB-207 NMR; RAMAN AB Structural speciation of glasses in the systems PbO-B2O3-SiO2, PbO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2, and PbO-Al2O3-SiO2 were studied using solid state Si-29, Al-27, B-11, and Pb-207 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopy. Application of these methods provided insight into the role of Al2O3 incorporation in the lead borosilicate glass networks. The general composition range studied was (PbO)(x)[(B2O3)(1-z)(Al2O3)(z)](y)(SiO2)(y) where x = 0.35, 0.5, and 0.65, y = (1- x)/2 and z = 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0. Additional insight was obtained via Al-27 2D-3QMAS experiments. The Pb-207 spin-echo mapping spectra showed a transition from ionic (Pb2+) to covalently bound lead species with increased PbO contents in the borosilicate glasses. The addition of aluminum to the glass network further enhanced the lead species transition, resulting in a higher relative amount of covalent lead bonding in the high PbO content aluminoborosilicate glass. The number of BO4 units present in the B-11 MAS NMR decreased with increasing PbO contents for both the borosilicate and the alumino-borosilicate glass systems, with the addition of aluminum further promoting the BO3 species. A deshielding of the B-11 chemical shifts and the Al-27 chemical shifts with increased lead contents (independent of changes :in the quadrupolar coupling) was also observed for both glass systems and was attributed to an increasingly homogeneous glass structure. The Si-29 spectra of the borosilicate and alumino-borosilicate glasses showed a downfield shift with increased PbO concentrations representing incorporation of PI into the silicate and aluminosilicate networks. The Rattan spectra were characterized by increased intensities of Si-O-Pb peaks and decreased intensities of Q(3) peaks with increased PbO contents and showed no evidence of BO3 or BO4 ring species. Both the NMR and the Raman data point toward systems where lead is increasingly incorporated into the B2O3-SiO2 and the B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3 networks at high PbO concentrations, with the addition of Al2O3 enhancing the trend. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Maxwell, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-231, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM maxwell7@llnl.gov RI Chinn, Sarah/E-1195-2011 NR 42 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1493 EP 1500 DI 10.1021/cm035261x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 908FF UT WOS:000227772100035 ER PT J AU Rahimian, K Loy, DA Chen, PP AF Rahimian, K Loy, DA Chen, PP TI Nonshrinking, photopolymerizable polycarbosiloxanes through ring-opening polymerization of disilaoxacyclopentane monomers SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INORGANIC COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; SOL-GEL COMPOSITES; ANIONIC-POLYMERIZATION; ROUTES; POLYMERS; SYSTEMS; SILICA AB Shrinkage during polymerization and processing of silica and hybrid organic-inorganic xerogels prohibits net-shape fabrication and introduces stresses that often result in cracking. In this study, we have used a new class of hybrid organic-inorganic monomers based on the ring-opening polymerization of two strained disilaoxacyclopentyl groups bridged by alkylene or arylene groups to control the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting monolithic gels. Shrinkage is virtually eliminated by the ring-opening polymerization chemistry which, in contrast to that of alkoxysilane sol-gels, does not require water or solvent, or produce any condensation byproducts. The bridging group can be varied in length and flexibility and the bridged monomers can be copolymerized with the monomer 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-disila-1-oxacyclopentane, to permit molecular engineering of the glass transition temperature (T-g) and coefficient of thermal expansion in the resulting hybrid materials. Most importantly, we have demonstrated for the first time that the ring-opening polymerizations of disilaoxacyclopentane monomers can be performed using Bronsted acid catalysts. This has also enabled the use of photoacid generators to fabricate thin films and bulk samples of these hybrid materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Polymers & Coatings Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Med I Med Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Rahimian, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM krahim@sandia.gov RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1529 EP 1534 DI 10.1021/cm048511y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 908FF UT WOS:000227772100040 ER PT J AU zur Loye, HC Smith, MD Lee, Y Vogt, T AF zur Loye, HC Smith, MD Lee, Y Vogt, T TI High-pressure investigation of Sr3PbNiO6 SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE high-pressure; Sr3PbNiO6; DAC; rietveld refinement; equation of state; bulk modulus ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; HEXAGONAL PEROVSKITE; K4CDCL6 STRUCTURE; OXIDE; DIFFRACTION; SR4PTO6 AB High-pressure diffraction experiments on Sr3PbNiO6, a 2H-perovskite related oxide, were performed using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) and synchrotron radiation to investigate the structural chemistry and to determine the bulk modulus. The pressure dependence of unit cell parameters was determined for pressures up to 6.5(l) GPa, which revealed a uniform decrease in the lattice parameters and in the unit cell volume. Sr3PbNiO6 does not exhibit any phase transition in the pressure range investigated. A fit of the volume-pressure data using the Murnaghan equation of state yielded a bulk modulus of 95(2) GPa. (C) 2004 Elsevier BX All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP zur Loye, HC (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM zurloye@mail.chem.sc.edu RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016; OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; zur Loye, Hans-Conrad/0000-0001-7351-9098 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 390 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.08.054 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 903NI UT WOS:000227432300010 ER PT J AU Belonoshko, AB Rosengren, A Skorodumova, NV Bastea, S Johansson, B AF Belonoshko, AB Rosengren, A Skorodumova, NV Bastea, S Johansson, B TI Shock wave propagation in dissociating low-Z liquids: D-2 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; GPA 1-6 MBAR; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; SOLID DEUTERIUM; FLUID HYDROGEN; HIGH-DENSITY; BASIS-SET; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS AB We present direct molecular dynamics simulations of shock wave propagation in liquid deuterium for a wide range of impact velocities. The calculated Hugoniot is in perfect agreement with the gas-gun data as well as with the most recent experimental data. At high impact velocities we observe a smearing of the shock wave front and propagation of fast dissociated molecules well ahead of the compressed region. This smearing occurs due to the fast deuterium dissociation at the shock wave front. The experimental results are discussed in view of this effect. C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Belonoshko, AB (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. OI Belonoshko, Anatoly/0000-0001-7531-3210 NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 12 AR 124503 DI 10.1063/1.1860554 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 915HD UT WOS:000228287900031 PM 15836393 ER PT J AU Hornekaer, L Baurichter, A Petrunin, VV Luntz, AC Kay, BD Al-Halabi, A AF Hornekaer, L Baurichter, A Petrunin, VV Luntz, AC Kay, BD Al-Halabi, A TI Influence of surface morphology on D-2 desorption kinetics from amorphous solid water SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS; STICKING PROBABILITY; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; INTERSTELLAR DUST; ICE SURFACES; LIQUID WATER; FILMS; ADSORPTION; DENSITY AB The influence of surface morphology/porosity on the desorption kinetics of weakly bound species was investigated by depositing D-2 on amorphous solid water (ASW) films grown by low temperature vapor deposition under various conditions and with differing thermal histories. A broad distribution of binding energies of the D-2 monolayer on nonporous and porous ASW was measured experimentally and correlated by theoretical calculations to differences in the degree of coordination of the adsorbed H-2 (D-2) to H2O molecules in the ASW depending on the nature of the adsorption site, i.e., surface valleys vs surface peaks in a nanoscale rough film surface. For porous films, the effect of porosity on the desorption kinetics was observed to be a reduction in the desorption rate with film thickness and a change in peak shape. This can be partly explained by fast diffusion into the ASW pore structure via a simple one-dimensional diffusion model and by a change in binding energy statistics with increasing total effective surface area. Furthermore, the D-2 desorption kinetics on thermally annealed ASW films were investigated. The main effect was seen to be a reduction in porosity and in the number of highly coordinated binding sites with anneal temperature due to ASW restructuring and pore collapse. These results contribute to the understanding of desorption from porous materials and to the development of correct models for desorption from and catalytic processes on dust grain surfaces in the interstellar medium. C1 Univ So Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Gorlaeus Labs, Leiden Inst Chem, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Hornekaer, L (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade Bygn 520, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. EM liv@phys.au.dk NR 59 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 12 AR 124701 DI 10.1063/1.1874934 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 915HD UT WOS:000228287900041 PM 15836403 ER PT J AU Tymczak, CJ Weber, VT Schwegler, E Challacombe, M AF Tymczak, CJ Weber, VT Schwegler, E Challacombe, M TI Linear scaling computation of the Fock matrix. VIII. Periodic boundaries for exact exchange at the Gamma point SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HARTREE-FOCK; SYSTEMS AB A translationally invariant formulation of the Hartree-Fock (HF) Gamma-point approximation is presented. This formulation is achieved through introduction of the minimum image convention (MIC) at the level of primitive two-electron integrals, and implemented in a periodic version of the ONX algorithm [E. Schwegler, M. Challacombe, and M. Head-Gordon, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 9708 (1997)] for linear scaling computation of the exchange matrix. Convergence of the HF-MIC Gamma-point model to the HF k-space limit is demonstrated for fully periodic magnesium oxide, ice, and diamond. Computation of the diamond lattice constant using the HF-MIC model together with the hybrid PBE0 density functional [C. Adamo, M. Cossi, and V. Barone, THEOCHEM 493, 145 (1999)] yields a(0)=3.569 A with the 6-21G* basis set and a 3x3x3 supercell. Linear scaling computation of the HF-MIC exchange matrix is demonstrated for diamond and ice in the condensed phase. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tymczak, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Schwegler, Eric/F-7294-2010; Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016 OI Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 12 AR 124105 DI 10.1063/1.1869470 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 915HD UT WOS:000228287900005 PM 15836367 ER PT J AU Abdul-Razzak, H Ghan, SJ AF Abdul-Razzak, H Ghan, SJ TI Influence of slightly soluble organics on aerosol activation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; SURFACTANT PROPERTIES; INORGANIC SOLUTE; WATER SOLUBILITY; CLOUD DROPLETS; PARTICLES; GROWTH; CCN; PARAMETERIZATION; SUBSTANCES AB [1] This paper examines the effects of slightly soluble organics on aerosol activation in a parcel of air rising adiabatically. Slightly soluble organics can affect aerosol activation by three mechanisms: lowering surface tension, altering the bulk hygroscopicity, and delaying the growth of particles because of their lower solubilities. The first and second mechanisms have already been addressed in a previous paper. Here we address the third mechanism by simulating the activation process of aerosol particles modeled using a single lognormal size distribution and consisting of an internal uniform chemical mixture of adipic acid ( representing slightly soluble organics having extremely low solubility as a worst-case scenario) and ammonium sulfate. The simulations were carried out using measured solubility of adipic acid spanning a wide range of physical and dynamical parameters. The same conditions were resimulated but assuming fully soluble aerosols. Results of the simulations show that although the low solubility of the adipic acid alters Kohler curves and increases critical supersaturation of the smaller particles (Kohler curves of the larger particles are not affected because these particles are completely dissolved at the initial supersaturation of zero), low solubility has minimal to no effect on the parcel supersaturation except for particles consisting of more than 95% adipic acid. Furthermore, since aerosols in realistic atmospheric conditions do not contain more than 90% organics, we should be only interested in smaller concentrations ( less than 90% by mass). Accordingly, we conclude that the slightly soluble organics can be assumed to be fully soluble for the purpose of predicting the fraction of activation and the maximum supersaturation with negligible error and it is not necessary to retune the previously developed parameterization of aerosol activation. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM steve.ghan@pnl.gov RI Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D6 AR D06206 DI 10.1029/2004JD005324 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 913LQ UT WOS:000228153600007 ER PT J AU Daughton, W Karimabadi, H AF Daughton, W Karimabadi, H TI Kinetic theory of collisionless tearing at the magnetopause SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; NEUTRAL SHEET; RECONNECTION; INSTABILITY; PLASMA; MAGNETOSPHERE; STABILITY; MODES AB [ 1] This paper is the first in a series of three with the aim of addressing one of the controversial issues at the magnetopause, namely the location where reconnection first occurs during periods of a large interplanetary magnetic field By. In this first paper, the linear properties of the collisionless tearing mode are reexamined as a function of the guide field By using a formally exact approach for computing the nonlocal Vlasov stability of a current layer. Three distinct parameter regimes are identified depending on the degree to which electron orbits are modified by the guide field in the central region of the current layer. In the limit of both weak and strong guide field, the fastest-growing tearing mode has a wave vector k(x) perpendicular to the direction of the current, in agreement with previous theoretical treatments. However, for intermediate values of the guide field where the electrons begin to transition to magnetized orbits, the fastest-growing modes have a finite wave vector k(y) in the direction of the current. In this newly discovered regime, the so-called drift tearing modes have finite real frequency and propagate in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift with growth rates 10 - 50% larger than the conventional tearing instability. Maximum growth occurs for a propagation angle in the range theta = tan(-1)(k(y)/k(x)) approximate to 6 - 10 degrees. These new predictions are confirmed using fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. The structure of the out-of-plane magnetic field perturbation predicted by nonlocal Vlasov theory is examined as a function of guide field. In the limit of a neutral sheet, the quadrupole structure has a characteristic scale near the electron meandering width and shows significant differences with the predictions of linear Hall MHD. The addition of a guide field strongly distorts the quadrupole structure and compresses the spatial extent. In the strong guide field limit, the width of the out-of-plane magnetic field perturbation is reduced to the electron gyroscale in the guide field. During the onset phase, these structures represent a distinct signature of the collisionless tearing mode that is significantly different than the typical ion-scale quadrupole pattern from fast reconnection. Finally, we note that the tearing mode maintains a significant growth rate over a large range of guide field so that component merging cannot be ruled out based on linear theory. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Daughton, W (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM william-daughton@uiowa.edu; homa@ece.ucsd.edu RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013 NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A3 AR A03217 DI 10.1029/2004JA010751 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 913MU UT WOS:000228156700004 ER PT J AU Mikhaylova, A Davidson, M Toastmann, H Channell, JET Guyodo, Y Batich, C Dobson, J AF Mikhaylova, A Davidson, M Toastmann, H Channell, JET Guyodo, Y Batich, C Dobson, J TI Detection, identification and mapping of iron anomalies in brain tissue using X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE LA English DT Article DE iron; brain; Alzheimer's disease; neurodegenerative disease; magnetite ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; FINE-STRUCTURE; FERRITIN; PLAQUES AB This work describes a novel method for the detection, identification and mapping of anomalous iron compounds in mammalian brain tissue using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We have located and identified individual iron anomalies in an avian tissue model associated with ferritin, biogenic magnetite and haemoglobin with a pixel resolution of less than 5 mu m. This technique represents a breakthrough in the study of both intra- and extra-cellular iron compounds in brain tissue. The potential for high-resolution iron mapping using microfocused X-ray beams has direct application to investigations of the location and structural form of iron compounds associated with human neurodegenerative disorders - a problem which has vexed researchers for 50 years. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Biomed Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, MRCAT Beamline, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Inst Rock Magnetism, Shepherd Labs 291, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Keele Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Med, Stoke On Trent ST4 7QB, Staffs, England. RP Dobson, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biomed Engn, POB 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM bea22@keele.ac.uk RI Dobson, Jon/C-8323-2009; Davidson, Mark/C-1135-2009; Guyodo, Yohan/G-8282-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG02030-01 A1] NR 19 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOCIETY PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1742-5689 J9 J ROY SOC INTERFACE JI J. R. Soc. Interface PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 2 IS 2 BP 33 EP 37 DI 10.1098/rsif.2004.0011 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 998TE UT WOS:000234341600003 PM 16849161 ER PT J AU Tian, P Uhrig, D Mays, JW Watanabe, H Kilbey, SM AF Tian, P Uhrig, D Mays, JW Watanabe, H Kilbey, SM TI Role of branching on the structure of polymer brushes formed from comb copolymers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID EXCLUDED-VOLUME; MODEL C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Kilbey, SM (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RI Uhrig, David/A-7458-2016 OI Uhrig, David/0000-0001-8447-6708 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP 2524 EP 2529 DI 10.1021/ma049021u PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 908AS UT WOS:000227760100068 ER PT J AU Park, NM Kim, TY Kim, SH Sung, GY Cho, KS Shin, JH Kim, BH Park, SJ Lee, JK Nastasi, M AF Park, NM Kim, TY Kim, SH Sung, GY Cho, KS Shin, JH Kim, BH Park, SJ Lee, JK Nastasi, M TI Luminescence of Er-doped amorphous silicon quantum dots SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Asian-European International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 2003 CL Jeju City, SOUTH KOREA SP Korea Vacuum Soc, Ctr Adv Plasma Surface Technol, Korean Comm Plasma & Ion Surface Engn, European Joint Comm Plasma & Ion Surface Engn DE Er luminescence; A-Si QD; size effect ID SI AB The role of the size of amorphous silicon quantum dots in the Er luminescence at 1.54 mum was investigated. As the dot size was increased, the Er luminescence intensity was decreased and the temperature quenching was also fast because of the small band gap resulting in the decrease of electron-hole pair energy. Accordingly, the critical dot size, needed to take advantage of the positive effect on Er luminescence, is considered to be about 2.0 nm, below which a small dot is very effective in the efficient luminescence of Er. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Basic Res Lab, Taejon 305350, South Korea. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Kwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sung, GY (reprint author), Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Basic Res Lab, Taejon 305350, South Korea. EM gysung@etri.re.kr RI Shin, Jung Hoon/C-1551-2011; jiseon, seo/N-1516-2015 NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAR 22 PY 2005 VL 475 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.053 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 901FO UT WOS:000227268600044 ER PT J AU Aydin, K Guven, K Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E AF Aydin, K Guven, K Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E TI Observation of negative refraction and negative phase velocity in left-handed metamaterials SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the transmission characteristics of a two-dimensional (2D) composite metamaterial (CMM) structure in free space. At the frequencies where left-handed transmission takes place, we experimentally confirmed that the CMM structure has effective negative refractive index. Phase shift between consecutive numbers of layers of CMM is measured and phase velocity is shown to be negative at the relevant frequency range. Refractive index values obtained from the refraction experiments and the phase measurements are in good agreement. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Iraklion, Crete, Greece. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Bilkent Univ, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Aydin, K (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM aydin@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Aydin, Koray/D-5100-2009; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011 OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216; NR 14 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 124102 DI 10.1063/1.1888051 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900097 ER PT J AU Goh, C Kline, RJ McGehee, MD Kadnikova, EN Frechet, JMJ AF Goh, C Kline, RJ McGehee, MD Kadnikova, EN Frechet, JMJ TI Molecular-weight-dependent mobilities in regioregular poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CHARGE-LIMITED CURRENT; SOLAR-CELLS; POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE); CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; HOLE MOBILITY; POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); TRANSPORT; POLYTHIOPHENE AB We have investigated the transport properties in the direction perpendicular to the substrate of regioregular poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) of different molecular weights (MW) in a diode geometry. In these devices, which exhibit space-charge-limited behavior, we find that the mobility values at room temperature increase from 1.33x10(-5) cm(2)/V s to 3.30x10(-4) cm(2)/V s as the MW is increased from 2.9 to 31.1 kg/mol. The mobility is found to be field independent for high MW films, but field dependent for the low MW films. The current-voltage characteristics of the diodes are also studied as a function of temperature from 160 K to 300 K. The activation energy for carrier transport, extracted from the Arrhenius plot, is found to decrease gradually from 143 meV to 126 meV as the MW is increased. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goh, C (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mmcgehee@stanford.edu RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 NR 21 TC 244 Z9 244 U1 3 U2 62 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 122110 DI 10.1063/1.1891301 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900045 ER PT J AU Li, XN Keyes, B Asher, S Zhang, SB Wei, SH Coutts, TJ Limpijumnong, S Van de Walle, CG AF Li, XN Keyes, B Asher, S Zhang, SB Wei, SH Coutts, TJ Limpijumnong, S Van de Walle, CG TI Hydrogen passivation effect in nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ZINC-OXIDE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ACCEPTOR; GA AB The role of hydrogen in nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption and modeled by first-principles calculations to understand the difficulty of doping ZnO p-type with nitrogen. Nitrogen-doped ZnO films were fabricated by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). High levels of nitrogen incorporation were observed, but the acceptor concentrations remained low. Theoretical analysis suggests there is a high probability that N-O(-) and H+ charged defects combine to form the neutral defect complexes, thereby compensating the nitrogen-related acceptors. Calculated values of the vibrational frequencies of the related infrared modes agree well with the measured spectra. Thus, we believe the difficulty of achieving p-type doping in MOCVD-grown ZnO films is due, at least partially, to inadvertent passivation by hydrogen. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Suranaree Univ Technol, Inst Sci, Sch Phys, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Li, XN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Van de Walle, Chris/A-6623-2012; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Van de Walle, Chris/0000-0002-4212-5990; Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 28 TC 106 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 53 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 122107 DI 10.1063/1.1886256 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900042 ER PT J AU Regan, BC Aloni, S Jensen, K Zettl, A AF Regan, BC Aloni, S Jensen, K Zettl, A TI Surface-tension-driven nanoelectromechanical relaxation oscillator SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL; MICROROBOTS; INDIUM; DROPS AB Because of its linear dependence on length scale, surface tension can be a dominant force for small systems. Properly harnessed, this force is uniquely suited for nanomechanical applications. We have developed a nanoelectromechanical relaxation oscillator with a surface-tension-driven power stroke. The oscillator consists of two liquid metal droplets exchanging mass, and its frequency is directly controlled with a low-level dc electrical voltage. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Regan, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM regan@physics.berkeley.edu; saloni@socrates.berkeley.edu; argon@socrates.berkeley.edu; azettl@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 22 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 123119 DI 10.1063/1.1887827 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900081 ER PT J AU Sacha, GM Verdaguer, A Martinez, J Saenz, JJ Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Sacha, GM Verdaguer, A Martinez, J Saenz, JJ Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Effective tip radius in electrostatic force microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROBE MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; SURFACE; WATER; SHAPE AB A method to determine the effective electrostatic tip radius of arbitrarily shaped conducting tips in atomic force microscopy is presented. The method is based on the finding that for conductive samples, the electrostatic force can be separated into two contributions: one from a constant background that depends only on the macroscopic shape of the tip (cone or pyramid and cantilever), and another that depends only on the radius of curvature of the tip apex. Based on a simple theoretical expression derived from the generalized image charge method, we show that the tip radius can be directly determined from experimental force-distance characteristics. For irregular tip shapes, we show that the measured tip radius is the average of two principal curvatures, in agreement with tip shape images obtained by scanning electron microscopy. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sacha, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sacha.gomez@uam.es RI Verdaguer, Albert/A-4303-2008; Saenz, Juan Jose/F-8871-2010; Gomez Monivas, Sacha/H-5611-2011; Martinez, Javier/B-5803-2013; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Verdaguer, Albert/0000-0002-4855-821X; Saenz, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1411-5648; Gomez Monivas, Sacha/0000-0003-2280-5021; Martinez, Javier/0000-0002-5912-1128; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 25 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 123101 DI 10.1063/1.1884764 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900063 ER PT J AU Sokolowski-Tinten, K Ziegler, W von der Linde, D Siegal, MP Overmyer, DL AF Sokolowski-Tinten, K Ziegler, W von der Linde, D Siegal, MP Overmyer, DL TI Short-pulse-laser-induced optical damage and fracto-emission of amorphous, diamond-like carbon films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABLATION AB Short-pulse-laser-induced damage and ablation of thin films of amorphous, diamond-like carbon have been investigated. Material removal and damage are caused by fracture of the film and ejection of large fragments. The fragments exhibit a delayed, intense and broadband emission of microsecond duration. Both fracture and emission are attributed to the laser-initiated relaxation of the high internal stresses of the pulse laser deposition-grown films. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Univ Duisburg Essen, Inst Expt Phys, D-45117 Essen, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sokolowski-Tinten, K (reprint author), Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, Max Wien Pl 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany. EM sokolowski@ioq.uni-jena.de RI Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus/A-5415-2015 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 121911 DI 10.1063/1.1888037 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900027 ER PT J AU Yu, R Zhang, XF AF Yu, R Zhang, XF TI Platinum nitride with fluorite structure SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-GAS; GROWTH; FILMS AB The mechanical stability of platinum nitride has been studied using first-principles calculations. By calculating the single-crystal elastic constants, we show that platinum nitride can be stabilized in the fluorite structure, in which the nitrogen atoms occupy all the tetrahedral interstitial sites of the metal lattice. The stability is attributed to the pseudogap effect from analysis of the electronic structure. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ryu@lbl.gov RI Yu, Rong/A-3011-2008 OI Yu, Rong/0000-0003-1687-3597 NR 26 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 12 AR 121913 DI 10.1063/1.1890466 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 912BA UT WOS:000228050900029 ER PT J AU Bonhomme, F Larentzos, JP Alam, TM Maginn, EJ Nyman, M AF Bonhomme, F Larentzos, JP Alam, TM Maginn, EJ Nyman, M TI Synthesis, structural characterization, and molecular modeling of dodecaniobate Keggin chain materials SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BUILDING-BLOCKS; CLUSTER UNITS; SOLID-STATE; POLYOXOMETALATE; FRAMEWORK; CATION; WATER AB Four new isostructural one-dimensional dodecaniobate Keggin materials, Na-12[Ti2O2][TNb1 2O40]-xH(2)O and Na-10[Nb2O2][TNb12O40]-xH(2)O with T = (Si or Ge), have been synthesized hydrothermally using a Lindqvist-ion salt, Na-7 [Nb6O19H]-15H(2)O, as the precursor. Their structure, consisting of chains of Keggin ions [TNb12O40](16-) linked by [Ti2O2](4+) or [Nb2O2](6+) bridges, was solved ab initio from powder diffraction data. The location of the charge-balancing sodium atoms and the water molecules was further investigated by molecular simulations. These compounds were also characterized by IR and solid-state H-1, Si-29, and Na-23 MAS NMR spectroscopies. The structural relationships between these and related phases based on similar Keggin ion building units are discussed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Nyman, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mdnyman@sandia.gov NR 42 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1774 EP 1785 DI 10.1021/ic048847+ PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 908CK UT WOS:000227764700015 PM 15762704 ER PT J AU Frank, P Benfatto, M Szilagyi, RK D'Angelo, P Della Longa, S Hodgson, KO AF Frank, P Benfatto, M Szilagyi, RK D'Angelo, P Della Longa, S Hodgson, KO TI The solution structure of [Cu(aq)](2+) and its implications for rack-induced bonding in blue copper protein active SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID LIVER ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CONTRIBUTIONS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA AZURIN; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; STATE INSULIN HEXAMER; LIGAND-BINDING; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REDUCTION POTENTIALS; POPLAR PLASTOCYANIN AB The structure of [Cu(aq)](2+) has been investigated by using full multiple-scattering theoretical (MXAN) analysis of the copper K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) spectrum and density functional theory (DFT) to test both ideal T-d and square-planar four-coordinate, five-coordinate square-pyramidal, and six-coordinate octahedral [Cu (aq)](2+) models. The best fit was an elongated five-coordinate square pyramid with four Cu-O-eq bonds (2x 1.98 +/- 0.03 angstrom and 2x 1.95 +/- 0.03 angstrom) and a long Cu-O-ax bond (2.35 +/- 0.05 angstrom). The four equatorial ligands were D-2d-distorted from the mean equatorial plane by +/-(17 +/- 4)degrees, so that the overall symmetry of [Cu(H2O)5](2+) is C-2v. The four-coordinate MXAN fit was nearly as good, but the water ligands (4x 1.96 +/- 0.02 angstrom) migrated +/-(13 +/- 4)degrees from the mean equatorial plane, making the [Cu(H2O)4](2+) model again D-2d-distorted. Spectroscopically calibrated DFT calculations were carried out on the C-2v, elongate square-pyramidal and D-2d-distorted four-coordinate MXAN copper models, providing comparative electronic structures of the experimentally observed geometries. These calculations showed 0.85e spin on Cu-II and 0.03e electron spin on each of the four equatorial water oxygens. All covalent bonding was restricted to the equatorial plane. In the square-pyramidal model, the electrostatic Cu-O-ax bond was worth only 96.8 kJ mol(-1), compared to 304.6 U mol-1 for each Cu-Oeq bond. Both MXAN and DFT showed the potential well of the axial bond to be broad and flat, allowing large low-energy excursions. The irregular geometry and D-2d-,r distorted equatorial ligand set sustained by unconstrained [Cu(H2O)5](2+) warrants caution in drawing conclusions regarding structural preferences from small molecule crystal structures and raises questions about the site-structural basis of the rack-induced bonding hypothesis of blue copper proteins. Further, previously neglected protein folding thermodynamic consequences of the rack-bonding hypothesis indicate an experimental disconfirmation. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Chim, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Med Sperimentale, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. UdR Camerino, INFM, Camerino, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. RP Frank, P (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM frank@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu RI Szilagyi, Robert/G-9268-2012 OI Szilagyi, Robert/0000-0002-9314-6222 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209] NR 124 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1922 EP 1933 DI 10.1021/ic0400639 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 908CK UT WOS:000227764700029 PM 15762718 ER PT J AU Gallagher, LA Serron, SA Wen, XG Hornstein, BJ Dattelbaum, DM Schoonover, JR Meyer, TJ AF Gallagher, LA Serron, SA Wen, XG Hornstein, BJ Dattelbaum, DM Schoonover, JR Meyer, TJ TI Photoelectrochemistry on Ru-2,2 '-bipyridine-phosphonate-derivatized TiO2 with the l(3)(-)/I- and quinone/hydroquinone relays. Design of photoelectrochemical synthesis cells SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COUPLED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYPYRIDYL COMPLEXES; SOLAR-CELLS; HYDRIDE TRANSFER; ATOM TRANSFER; OXO COMPLEX; OXIDATION; RUTHENIUM(IV); SENSITIZATION; LEVEL AB Photocurrent measurements have been made on nanocrystalline TiO2 surfaces derivatized by adsorption of a catalyst precursor, [Ru(tpy)(bpy(PO3H2)2)(OH2)](2+), or chromophore, [Ru(bPY)2(bpy(PO3H2)(2))](2+) (tpy is 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine, bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, and bpy(PO3H2)(2) is 2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-diphosphonic acid), and on surfaces containing both complexes. This is an extension of earlier work on an adsorbed assembly containing both catalyst and chromophore. The experiments were carried out with the I-3(-/I-) or quinone/hydroquinone (Q/H(2)Q) relays in propylene carbonate, propylene carbonate-water mixtures, and acetonitrile-water mixtures. Electrochemical measurements show that oxidation of surface-bound Ru-III-OH23+ to Ru-IV=O2+ is catalyzed by the bpy complex. Addition of aqueous 0.1 M HCIO4 greatly decreases photocurrent efficiencies for adsorbed [Ru(tpy)(bpy(PO3H2)(2))(OH2)(12+) with the I-3(-/I-) relay, but efficiencies are enhanced for the Q/H(2)Q relay in both propylene carbonate-HCIO4 and acetonitrileHCIO(4) mixtures. The dependence of the incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) on added H(2)Q in 95% propylene carbonate and 5% 0.1 M HCIO4 is complex and can be interpreted as changing from rate-limiting diffusion to the film at low H(2)Q to rate-limiting diffusion within the film at high H(2)Q. There is no evidence for photoelectrochernical cooperativity on mixed surfaces containing both complexes with the IPCE response reflecting the relative surface compositions of the two complexes. These results provide insight into the possible design of photoelectrochemical synthesis cells for the oxidation of organic substrates. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS A127, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tjmeyer@lanl.gov NR 42 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2089 EP 2097 DI 10.1021/ic0400991 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 908CK UT WOS:000227764700048 PM 15762737 ER PT J AU Chan, BC Hess, RF Feng, PL Abney, KD Dorhout, PK AF Chan, BC Hess, RF Feng, PL Abney, KD Dorhout, PK TI Synthesis and characterization of two quaternary thoriurn chalcophosphates: Cs4Th2P6S18 and Rb7Th2P6Se21 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURES; DIMENSIONAL COMPOUNDS; FLUX COMPOSITION; CHALCOGENIDES; CHEMISTRY; SELENOPHOSPHATES; STABILIZATION; RB AB Two new thorium chalcophosphates have been synthesized by the reactive flux method and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance, and Raman spectroscopy: Cs4Th2P6S18 (I); Rb7Th2P6Se21 (II). Compound I crystallize's as colorless blocks in the triclinic space group P (1) over bar (No. 2) with a = 12.303(4) angstrom, b = 12.471(4) angstrom, c = 12.541(4) angstrom, alpha = 114.607(8)degrees, beta = 102.547(6)degrees, gamma = 99.889(7)degrees, and Z = 2. The structure consists of (Th2P6S18)(4-) layers separated by layers of cesium cations and only contains the (P2S6)4- building block. Compound II crystallizes as red blocks in the triclinic pace group P (1) over bar (No. 2) with a = 11.531(3) angstrom, b = 12.359(4) angstrom, c = 16.161(5) angstrom, alpha = 87.289(6)degrees, beta = 75.903(6), gamma = 88.041(6)degrees, and Z = 2. The structure consists of linear chains of (Th2P6Se21)(7-) separated by rubidium cations. Compound II contains both the (PSe4)(3) and (P2Se6)4- building blocks. Both structures may be derived from two known rare earth structures where a rare earth site is replaced by an alkali or actinide metal to form these novel structures. Optical band gap measurements show that compound I has a band gap of 2.8 eV and compound II has a band gap of 2.0 eV. Solid-state Raman spectroscopy of compound I shows the vibrations expected for the (P2S6)(4-) unit. Raman spectroscopy of compound II shows the vibrations expected for both (PSe4)(3-) and (P2Se6)(4-) units. Our work shows the remarkable diversity of the actinide chalcophosphate system and demonstrates the phase space is still ripe to discover new structures. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dorhout, PK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM pkd@lamar.colostate.edu NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2106 EP 2113 DI 10.1021/ic049101e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 908CK UT WOS:000227764700050 PM 15762739 ER PT J AU Leslie, A Kavanagh, D Honeyborne, I Pfafferott, K Edwards, C Pillay, T Hilton, L Thobakgale, C Ramduth, D Draenert, R Le Gall, S Luzzi, G Edwards, A Brander, C Sewell, AK Moore, S Mullins, J Moore, C Mallal, S Bhardwaj, N Yusim, K Phillips, R Klenerman, P Korber, B Kiepiela, P Walker, B Goulder, P AF Leslie, A Kavanagh, D Honeyborne, I Pfafferott, K Edwards, C Pillay, T Hilton, L Thobakgale, C Ramduth, D Draenert, R Le Gall, S Luzzi, G Edwards, A Brander, C Sewell, AK Moore, S Mullins, J Moore, C Mallal, S Bhardwaj, N Yusim, K Phillips, R Klenerman, P Korber, B Kiepiela, P Walker, B Goulder, P TI Transmission and accumulation of CTL escape variants drive negative associations between HIV polymorphisms and HLA SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TYPE-1 INFECTION; CELL RECOGNITION; SLOW PROGRESSORS; SELECTION; IMMUNODOMINANT; SPECIFICITY; EPITOPE AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 amino acid sequence polymorphisms associated with expression of specific human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles suggest sites of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated selection pressure and immune escape. The associations most frequently observed are between expression of an HLA class I molecule and variation from the consensus sequence. However, a substantial number of sites have been identified in which particular HLA class I allele expression is associated with preservation of the consensus sequence. The mechanism behind this is so far unexplained. The current studies, focusing on two examples of "negatively associated" or apparently preserved epitopes, suggest an explanation for this phenomenon: negative associations can arise as a result of positive selection of an escape mutation, which is stable on transmission and therefore accumulates in the population to the point at which it defines the consensus sequence. Such negative associations may only be in evidence transiently, because the statistical power to detect them diminishes as the mutations accumulate. If an escape variant reaches fixation in the population, the epitope will be lost as a potential target to the immune system. These data help to explain how HIV is evolving at a population level. Understanding the direction of HIV evolution has important implications for vaccine development. C1 Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, England. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Univ Natal, Doris Duke Med Res Inst, HPP, ZA-4015 Durban, South Africa. Wycombe Gen Hosp, Dept Genitourinary Med, High Wycombe HP11 2TT, Bucks, England. Radcliffe Infirm, Harrison Clin, Oxford OX2 6HE, England. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Royal Perth Hosp, Ctr Clin Immunol & Biomed Sci, Perth, WA 6000, Australia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goulder, P (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Peter Medawar Bldg, Oxford OX1 3SY, England. EM Philip.goulder@ndm.ox.ac.uk OI Brander, Christian/0000-0002-0548-5778; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Sewell, Andrew/0000-0003-3194-3135 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI46995-01A1, R01 AI046995]; PHS HHS [N01-AL-15422] NR 43 TC 172 Z9 177 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 201 IS 6 BP 891 EP 902 DI 10.1084/jem.20041455 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 912FG UT WOS:000228062400009 PM 15781581 ER PT J AU Fournee, V Thiel, PA AF Fournee, V Thiel, PA TI New phenomena in epitaxial growth: solid films on quasicrystalline substrates SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; THIN-FILMS; PERIODIC SURFACES; ICOSAHEDRAL PHASE; ISLAND-SIZE; NUCLEATION; ALPDMN; AL70PD21MN9; METALS; AG AB An overview is given of the research conducted in the field of solid film growth on quasiperiodic surfaces. An atomistic description of quasicrystalline surfaces is presented and discussed in relation to bulk structural models. The various systems for which thin film growth has been attempted so far are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the nucleation mechanisms of the solid films, on their growth modes in relation to the nature of the deposited metals, on the possibility of intermixing or alloying at the interface and on the epitaxial relationships at the crystal-quasicrystal interfaces. We also describe situations where the deposited elements adopt a quasiperiodic structure, which opens up the possibility of extending our understanding of the relation between quasiperiodicity and the physical properties of such structurally and chemically complex solids. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ecole Mines, CNRS UMR 7584, Sci & Genie Mat Met Lab, F-54042 Nancy, France. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 75 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 6 BP R83 EP R106 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/38/6/R01 PG 24 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 928WP UT WOS:000229302700001 ER PT J AU Gericke, MT Blessinger, C Bowman, JD Gillis, RC Hartfield, J Ino, T Leuschner, M Masuda, Y Mitchell, GS Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Penttila, SI Ramsay, WD Seo, PN Snow, WM Tasson, J Wilburn, WS AF Gericke, MT Blessinger, C Bowman, JD Gillis, RC Hartfield, J Ino, T Leuschner, M Masuda, Y Mitchell, GS Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Penttila, SI Ramsay, WD Seo, PN Snow, WM Tasson, J Wilburn, WS TI A current mode detector array for gamma-ray asymmetry measurements SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE parity violation; CsI detector array; radiative neutron capture; current mode; shot noise; gamma detector ID PARITY-VIOLATING ASYMMETRY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; CSI(TL) CRYSTALS; COSMIC MUONS; CSI CRYSTALS; CALORIMETER; CALIBRATION; CAPTURE AB We have built a CsI(TI) gamma-ray detector array for the NPDGamma experiment to search for a small parity-violating directional asymmetry in the angular distribution of 2.2 MeV gamma-rays from the capture of polarized cold neutrons by protons with a sensitivity of several ppb. The weak pion-nucleon coupling constant can be determined from this asymmetry. The small size of the asymmetry requires a high cold neutron flux, control of systematic errors at the ppb level, and the use of current mode gamma-ray detection with vacuum photodiodes and low-noise solid-state preamplifiers. The average detector photoelectron yield was determined to be 1300 photoelectrons per MeV. The RMS width seen in the measurement is therefore dominated by the fluctuations in the number of gamma-rays absorbed in the detector (counting statistics) rather than the intrinsic detector noise. The detectors were tested for noise performance, sensitivity to magnetic fields, pedestal stability and cosmic background. False asymmetries due to gain changes and electronic pickup in the detector system were measured to be consistent with zero to an accuracy of 10(-9) in a few hours. We report on the design, operating criteria, and the results of measurements performed to test the detector array. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp 923, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Gericke, MT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp 923, MS H808, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mgericke@lanl.gov NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 540 IS 2-3 BP 328 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.11.043 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 911UP UT WOS:000228031400013 ER PT J AU Musson, J Allison, T Freyberger, A Kuhn, J Quinn, B AF Musson, J Allison, T Freyberger, A Kuhn, J Quinn, B TI YO! - a time-of-arrival receiver for removal of helicity-correlated beam effects SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE beam time-of-arrival; femtosecond timing AB A parity violation experiment, G(0), at Jefferson Lab is sensitive to arrival time differences, at the target, of electron beams in the two helicity states. Instead of the Jefferson Lab standard 499 MHz beam structure, G(0) uses a 31.1875 MHz structure where only 1 out of 16 microbunches contains electrons. Photon counters triggered by time-of-arrival at the target mandate that timing must be independent of delays associated with different orbits taken by the electrons in two helicity states. Corrections to the parity violating asymmetries due to any arrival time differences require the generation of a clean 31.1875 MHz trigger signal and phase matching this signal to the beam's arrival at the target. The time of arrival receiver, named the YO! receiver, has 10 kHz output bandwidth which is sufficiently larger than the settling time (500 mu s) of the approximate to 30 Hz helicity flip. This enables the correction of each helicity bin for any orbit-induced timing inequalities. The device combines conventional receiver and DSP techniques for maximum sensitivity, bandwidth and flexibility and eliminates the 27 pi/n phase shifts associated with frequency dividers by means of a sampling phase detection scheme. This paper describes the performance of this device during bench testing, commissioning and in data taking phase of the experiment. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TJNAF, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Musson, J (reprint author), TJNAF, Jefferson Lab, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM Musson@jlab.org RI Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014 OI Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 540 IS 2-3 BP 448 EP 454 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.11.039 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 911UP UT WOS:000228031400024 ER PT J AU Hartke, R Symes, DR Buersgens, F Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Ditmire, T AF Hartke, R Symes, DR Buersgens, F Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Ditmire, T TI Fusion neutron detector calibration using a table-top laser generated plasma neutron source SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE cluster; laser; fusion; neutron; calibration; detector ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; DEUTERIUM-CLUSTER PLASMAS; X-RAY SOURCES; NUCLEAR-FUSION; Z-PINCHES; ARRAY; EXPLOSIONS; EMISSION; DRIVEN; PULSES AB Using a high intensity, femtosecond laser driven neutron source, a high-sensitivity neutron detector was calibrated. This detector is designed for observing fusion neutrons at the Z accelerator in Sandia National Laboratories. Nuclear fusion from laser driven deuterium cluster explosions was used to generate a clean source of nearly monoenergetic 2.45 MeV neutrons at a well-defined time. This source can run at 10 Hz and was used to build up a clean pulse-height spectrum on scintillating neutron detectors giving a very accurate calibration for neutron yields at 2.45 MeV. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Texas Ctr High Intens Laser Sci, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Symes, DR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Texas Ctr High Intens Laser Sci, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM dansymes@mail.utexas.edu NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 540 IS 2-3 BP 464 EP 469 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.11.032 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 911UP UT WOS:000228031400026 ER PT J AU Ludlam, T AF Ludlam, T TI Experimental results from the early measurements at RHIC; hunting for the quark-gluon plasma SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on new Discoveries at RHIC CY MAY 14-15, 2004 CL Upton, NY ID AU COLLISIONS AB This is a short survey of key measurements that have driven the exciting new physics results from the first years of RHIC operation. The focus is on those data that relate to the question of whether new forms of matter, e.g., the quark-gluon plasma, can be explored with heavy ion collisions at RHIC. Only published, publicly available data are considered. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ludlam@bnl.gov NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 750 IS 1 BP 9 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.11.005 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 906CY UT WOS:000227619300002 ER PT J AU Gyulassy, M McLerran, L AF Gyulassy, M McLerran, L TI New forms of QCD matter discovered at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on new Discoveries at RHIC CY MAY 14-15, 2004 CL Upton, NY ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; ABELIAN ENERGY-LOSS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; ELLIPTIC FLOW; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE AB We discuss two special limiting forms of QCD matter which may be produced at RHIC. We conclude from the available empirical evidence that an equilibrated, but strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma has been made in such collisions. We also discuss the growing body of evidence that its source is a color glass condensate. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mcierran@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 193 TC 673 Z9 682 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 750 IS 1 BP 30 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.10.034 PG 34 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 906CY UT WOS:000227619300003 ER PT J AU Wang, XN AF Wang, XN TI Discovery of jet quenching and beyond SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on new Discoveries at RHIC CY MAY 14-15, 2004 CL Upton, NY ID PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; GLUON RADIATION; ELLIPTIC FLOW; 158A GEV; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Recent observation of high-(PT) hadron spectra suppression and mono-jet production in central Au + Au collisions and their absence in d + Au collisions at RHIC have confirmed the long predicted phenomenon of jet quenching in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Detailed analysis of the experimental data also show parton energy loss as the mechanism for the discovered jet quenching. Using a pQCD parton model that incorporates medium modified parton fragmentation functions and comparing to experimental data from deeply inelastic scattering off nuclei, one can conclude that the initial gluon (energy) density of the hot matter produced in central Au + Au collisions that causes jet quenching at RHIC is about 30 (100) times higher than in a cold Au nucleus. Combined with data on bulk and collective properties of the hot matter, the observed jet quenching provides strong evidence for the formation of a strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma in central Au + Au collisions at RHIC. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xnwang@lbl.gov OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 92 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 750 IS 1 BP 98 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.12.037 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 906CY UT WOS:000227619300006 ER PT J AU Samios, NP AF Samios, NP TI Observations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Samios, NP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sarnios@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 750 IS 1 BP 166 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.10.021 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 906CY UT WOS:000227619300009 ER PT J AU Rickman, JM Vinals, J Lesar, R AF Rickman, JM Vinals, J Lesar, R TI Unified framework for dislocation-based defect energetics SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID ANGLE GRAIN-BOUNDARIES AB We present a unified framework for the calculation of dislocation-based defect energetics, and then validate this approach by considering both the self and interaction energies of combinations of grain boundaries and cracks. We obtain in a straightforward manner well-known quantities, such as the energy of a low-angle tilt boundary, as well as other lesser known results, including boundary/boundary and crack/boundary interaction energies, from a common formalism based on linear elasticity. This approach, in combination with simple dimensional analysis, permits the rapid calculation of defect energetics. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. McGill Inst Adv Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rickman, JM (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM jmr6@lehigh.edu RI LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012; Vinals, Jorge/J-6198-2016 OI Vinals, Jorge/0000-0002-9361-0646 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 9 BP 917 EP 929 DI 10.1080/14786430412331314618 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 903NC UT WOS:000227431700002 ER PT J AU Cleave, A Grimes, RW Sickafus, K AF Cleave, A Grimes, RW Sickafus, K TI Plutonium and uranium accommodation in pyrochlore oxides SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-WASTE-DISPOSAL; A(2)B(2)O(7) PYROCHLORES; GADOLINIUM ZIRCONATE; CERAMICS; TITANATE; FORM; IMMOBILIZATION; DISPOSITION; DURABILITY; MIGRATION AB Fluorite-related ceramics have attracted considerable attention as potential host materials for the immobilisation of radionuclides. Here we have used computer simulation to investigate the relative solution energies and mechanisms for Pu3+, Pu4+ and U4+ accommodation in an extensive range of A(2)B(2)O(7) pyrochlore compounds. Solution is considered from simple oxides and via co-solution mechanisms. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for actinide retention and materials fabrication. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London, England. EM r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD MAR 21 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 9 BP 967 EP 980 DI 10.1080/14786430412331314672 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 903NC UT WOS:000227431700005 ER PT J AU Kearney, SP Schefer, RW Beresh, SJ Grasser, TW AF Kearney, SP Schefer, RW Beresh, SJ Grasser, TW TI Temperature imaging in nonpremixed flames by joint filtered Rayleigh and Raman scattering SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN SCATTERING; DIFFUSION FLAMES; COMPRESSED HE; METHANE; GASES; SPECTRUM; HYDROGEN; NE; AR AB Joint fuel Raman and filtered Rayleigh-scattering (FRS) imaging is demonstrated in a laminar methane-air diffusion flame. These experiments are, to our knowledge, the first reported extension of the FRS technique to nonpremixed combustion. This joint imaging approach allows for correction of the FRS images for the large variations in Rayleigh cross section that occur in diffusion flames and for a secondary measurement of fuel mole fraction. The temperature-dependent filtered Rayleigh cross sections are computed with a six-moment kinetic model for calculation of major-species Rayleigh-Brillouin line shapes and a flamelet-based model for physically judicious estimates of gas-phase chemical composition. Shot-averaged temperatures, fuel mole fractions, and fuel number densities from steady and vortex-strained diffusion flames stabilized on a Wolfhard-Parker slot burner are presented, and a detailed uncertainty analysis reveals that the FRS-measured temperatures are accurate to within +/- 4.5 to 6% of the local absolute temperature. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM spkearn@sandia.gov RI Schefer, Jurg/G-3960-2012 NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1548 EP 1558 DI 10.1364/AO.44.001548 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 907ZY UT WOS:000227758000005 PM 15813256 ER PT J AU Mitchell, JL Keeton, CR Frieman, JA Sheth, RK AF Mitchell, JL Keeton, CR Frieman, JA Sheth, RK TI Improved cosmological constraints from gravitational lens statistics SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE cosmological parameters; cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; gravitational lensing ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; ALL-SKY SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; VLA ASTROMETRIC SURVEY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; REDSHIFT SURVEY; RADIO-SOURCES; EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEYS AB We combine the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) with new Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data on the local velocity dispersion distribution function of E/S0 galaxies, phi(sigma), to derive lens statistics constraints on Omega(Lambda) and Omega(m). Previous studies of this kind relied on a combination of the E/S0 galaxy luminosity function and the Faber-Jackson relation to characterize the lens galaxy population. However, ignoring dispersion in the Faber-Jackson relation leads to a biased estimate of phi(sigma) and therefore biased and overconfident constraints on the cosmological parameters. The measured velocity dispersion function from a large sample of E/S0 galaxies provides a more reliable method for probing cosmology with strong lens statistics. Our new constraints are in good agreement with recent results from the redshift-magnitude relation of Type Ia supernovae. Adopting the traditional assumption that the E/S0 velocity function is constant in comoving units, we find a maximum likelihood estimate of Omega(Lambda) = 0.74- 0: 78 for a spatially flat universe (where the range reflects uncertainty in the number of E/S0 lenses in the CLASS sample) and a 95% confidence upper bound of Omega(Lambda) < 0.86. If phi(sigma) instead evolves in accord with the extended Press-Schechter theory, then the maximum likelihood estimate for Omega(Lambda) becomes 0.72-0.78, with the 95% confidence upper bound Omega(Lambda) < 0.89. Even without assuming flatness, lensing provides independent confirmation of the evidence from Type Ia supernovae for a nonzero dark energy component in the universe. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Mitchell, JL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 113 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1 BP 81 EP 98 DI 10.1086/427910 PN 1 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 907TM UT WOS:000227740900007 ER PT J AU Oguri, M Inada, N Hennawi, JF Richards, GT Johnston, DE Frieman, JA Pindor, B Strauss, MA Brunner, RJ Becker, RH Castander, FJ Gregg, MD Hall, PB Rix, HW Schneider, DP Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J York, DG AF Oguri, M Inada, N Hennawi, JF Richards, GT Johnston, DE Frieman, JA Pindor, B Strauss, MA Brunner, RJ Becker, RH Castander, FJ Gregg, MD Hall, PB Rix, HW Schneider, DP Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J York, DG TI Discovery of two gravitationally lensed quasars with image separations of 300 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; gravitational lensing; quasars : individual (SDSS J100128.61+502756.9, SDSS J120629.65+433217.6) ID SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; EARLY DATA RELEASE; 1ST DATA RELEASE; GALAXY SAMPLE; SYSTEM; FRACTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; STATISTICS; REDSHIFTS AB We report the discovery of two doubly imaged quasars, SDSS J100128.61+502756.9 and SDSS J120629.65+433217.6, at redshifts of 1.838 and 1.789, and with image separations of 2.'' 86 and 2.'' 90, respectively. The objects were selected as lens candidates from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Based on the identical nature of the spectra of the two quasars in each pair and the identification of the lens galaxies, we conclude that the objects are gravitational lenses. The lenses are complicated; in both systems there are several galaxies in the fields very close to the quasars, in addition to the lens galaxies themselves. The lens modeling implies that these nearby galaxies contribute significantly to the lens potentials. On larger scales, we have detected an enhancement in the galaxy density near SDSS J100128.61+502756.9. The number of lenses with image separation of similar to 3 '' in the SDSS already exceeds the prediction of simple theoretical models based on the standard Lambda-dominated cosmology and observed velocity function of galaxies. C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, Barcelona 08034, Spain. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Oguri, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; OI PINDOR, BARTOSZ/0000-0003-3240-2437 NR 61 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1086/428087 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 907TM UT WOS:000227740900009 ER PT J AU Kasen, D Plewa, T AF Kasen, D Plewa, T TI Spectral signatures of gravitationally confined thermonuclear supernova explosions SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; polarization; supernovae : general ID HIGH-VELOCITY EJECTA; IA SUPERNOVA; DETONATION; MODELS; 2000CX; GEOMETRY; 1994D AB We consider some of the spectral and polarimetric signatures of the gravitationally confined detonation scenario for Type Ia supernova explosions. In this model, material produced by an off-center deflagration (which itself fails to produce the explosion) forms a metal-rich atmosphere above the white dwarf surface. Using hydrodynamical simulations, we show that this atmosphere is compressed and accelerated during the subsequent interaction with the supernova ejecta. This leads ultimately to the formation of a high-velocity pancake of metal-rich material that is geometrically detached from the bulk of the ejecta. When observed at the epochs near maximum light, this absorbing pancake produces a highly blueshifted and polarized calcium IR triplet absorption feature similar to that observed in several Type Ia supernovae. We discuss the orientation effects present in our model and contrast them to those expected in other supernova explosion models. We propose that a large sample of spectropolarimetric observations can be used to critically evaluate the different theoretical scenarios. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Astrophys Thermonucl Flashes, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Nicholaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Kasen, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Charles & 34th St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Plewa, Tomasz/C-1470-2010 OI Plewa, Tomasz/0000-0002-1762-2565 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2005 VL 622 IS 1 BP L41 EP L44 DI 10.1086/429375 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 907TR UT WOS:000227741400011 ER PT J AU Daffin, F McKinley, MS Brooks, ED Szoke, A AF Daffin, F McKinley, MS Brooks, ED Szoke, A TI An evaluation of the difference formulation for photon transport in a two level system SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE difference formulation; implicit Monte Carlo; line transport ID IMPLICIT MONTE-CARLO; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER EQUATIONS; CALCULATING TIME; LINE TRANSPORT; SCHEME AB In this paper, we extend the difference formulation for radiation transport to the case of a single atomic line. We examine the accuracy, performance and stability of the difference formulation within the framework of the Symbolic Implicit Monte Carlo method. The difference formulation, introduced for thermal radiation by some of the authors, has the unique property that the transport equation is written in terms that become small for thick systems. We find that the difference formulation has a significant advantage over the standard formulation for a thick system. The correct treatment of the line profile, however, requires that the difference formulation in the core of the line be mixed with the standard formulation in the wings, and this may limit the advantage of the method. We bypass this problem by using the gray approximation. We develop three Monte Carlo solution methods based on different degrees of implicitness for the treatment of the source terms, and we find only conditional stability unless the source terms are treated fully implicitly. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Daffin, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM daffin1@llnl.gov; mckinley9@llnl.gov; brooks3@llnl.gov; szokel@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAR 20 PY 2005 VL 204 IS 1 BP 27 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.09.014 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 907QS UT WOS:000227733600002 ER PT J AU Sessler, JL An, DQ Cho, WS Lynch, V Marquez, J AF Sessler, JL An, DQ Cho, WS Lynch, V Marquez, J TI Calix[n]bispyrrolylbenzenes: Synthesis, characterization, and preliminary anion binding studies SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE anions; hydrogen bonds; macrocycles; molecular recognition; receptors ID HOST-GUEST CHEMISTRY; CALIX<6> PYRROLE; CALIXPYRROLES; RECEPTORS; ANALOGS; RECOGNITION; REFINEMENT; HYBRID; FAMILY; CAVITY AB A series of novel calixpyrrole-like macrocycles, calix[n]bis(pyrrol-2-yl)benzene (calix[n]BPBs, n = 2-4) 9a-11a. have been synthesized by means of the TFA-catalyzed condensation reaction of bis(pyrrol-2-yl)benzene 8a with acetone. Calix[2]BPB 9a represents an expanded version of calix[4]pyrrole in which two of the four meso bridges are replaced by benzene rings. By contrast, systems 10a and 11a, which bear great considerable to calix-bipyrroles 2 and 3. represent higher homologues of the basic calix[n]BPB motif. Solution-phase anion binding studies, carried out by means of H-1 NMR spectroscopic titrations in [D-2]dichloromethane and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) in 1.2-dichloroethane, reveal that 9a binds typical small anions with substantially higher affinities than 1, even though the same number of hydrogen bonding donor groups are found in both compounds. The basic building block for 9a, benzene dipyrrole 8a, also displays a higher affinity for anions than the building block for 1, dimethyldipyrromethane 16. Structural studies, carried out by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, are consistent with the solution-phase results and reveal that 9a is able to stabilize complexes with chloride and nitrate in the solid state. Structures of the PF6- and NO3- complexes of 10a were also solved as were those of the acetone adduct of 9a and the ethyl acetate adduct of 11a. C1 Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. PMUSA, New Technol Res Dept, INEST Grp, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Sessler, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, 1 Univ Stn A5300, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM sessler@mail.utexas.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 58907] NR 35 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 11 IS 7 BP 2001 EP 2011 DI 10.1002/chem.200400894 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 910LV UT WOS:000227933800004 PM 15624126 ER PT J AU Saar, MO Castro, MC Hall, CM Manga, M Rose, TP AF Saar, MO Castro, MC Hall, CM Manga, M Rose, TP TI Quantifying magmatic, crustal, and atmospheric helium contributions to volcanic aquifers using all stable noble gases: Implications for magmatism and groundwater flow SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE magmatic helium; component mixing; hot springs; Cascades; atmospheric helium; Basin and Range ID WATER CIRCULATION; SUBDUCTION ZONES; NATURAL TRACERS; OREGON CASCADES; PARIS BASIN; MANTLE; CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT; ISOTOPE; SYSTEMS AB We measure all stable noble gases ( He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) in spring waters in the Oregon Cascades volcanic arc and in eastern Oregon, USA. We show that in order to estimate magmatic helium ( He) contributions it is critical to simultaneously consider He isotopic ratios, He concentrations, and mixing of He components. Our component mixing analysis requires consideration of all measured noble gases but no other elements and is particularly insightful when strong dilution by air-saturated water has occurred. In addition, this approach can allow distinction between crustal and magmatic He components and facilitates their identification in deep groundwaters that have been diluted by near-surface water. Using this approach, we show that some cold springs on the eastern flanks of the Oregon Cascades exhibit He isotopic ratios that indicate significant magmatic He contributions comparable to those observed in thermal springs on the western flanks. Furthermore, while these magmatic He contributions are largest in deep groundwaters near the Cascades crest, greater magmatic excess He fractions than may be inferred from He isotopic ratios alone are present in all ( deep) groundwaters including those at larger distances (> 70 km) from the volcanic arc. We also suggest that excess He and heat discharge without dilution by air-saturated water may be restricted to spring discharge along faults. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Saar, MO (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, 310 Pillsbury Dr,SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM msaar@umich.edu RI Manga, Michael/D-3847-2013; Saar, Martin/F-3542-2014 OI Saar, Martin/0000-0002-4869-6452 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 6 AR Q03008 DI 10.1029/2004GC000828 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 909PW UT WOS:000227873700001 ER PT J AU Michalsky, JJ Dolce, R Dutton, EG Haeffelin, M Jeffries, W Stoffel, T Hickey, J Los, A Mathias, D McArthur, LJB Nelson, D Philipona, R Reda, I Rutledge, K Zerlaut, G Forgan, B Kiedron, P Long, C Gueymard, C AF Michalsky, JJ Dolce, R Dutton, EG Haeffelin, M Jeffries, W Stoffel, T Hickey, J Los, A Mathias, D McArthur, LJB Nelson, D Philipona, R Reda, I Rutledge, K Zerlaut, G Forgan, B Kiedron, P Long, C Gueymard, C TI Toward the development of a diffuse horizontal shortwave irradiance working standard SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CLOUD-FREE SKIES; SOLAR IRRADIANCE; THERMAL OFFSET; SURFACE; PYRANOMETER AB [1] The first intensive observation period (IOP) to simultaneously measure diffuse horizontal shortwave irradiance (scattered solar radiation that falls on a horizontal surface) with a wide array of shaded pyranometers suggested that a consensus might be reached that would permit the establishment of a standard with a smaller uncertainty than previously achieved. A second IOP has been held to refine the first IOP measurements using a uniform calibration protocol, offset corrections for all instruments and validation of those corrections, improvements in some of the instruments, and better data acquisition. The venue for both IOPs was the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement central facility in northern Oklahoma. The 9 days of measurements in October 2003 included a better mixture of clear and overcast conditions than during the first IOP and revealed considerable differences among the instruments' responses for different cloud conditions. Four of the 15 instruments were eliminated as candidates to be included in the standard because of noisy signals, inadequate offset correction, or instability with respect to the majority of the measurements. Eight pyranometers agreed to within +/- 2% for clear-sky conditions. Three others have a high bias on clear days relative to these eight, but all 11 agree within +/- 2% on overcast days. The differences and causes of this behavior under clear and cloudy skies are examined. C1 NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Surface Radiat Res Branch, RARL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Kipp & Zonen Inc, Bohemia, NY 11716 USA. NOAA, RECGI, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Bur Meteorol, Australian Reg Instrument Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. Solar Consulting Serv, New Smyrna Beach, FL 32816 USA. Ecole Polytech, IPSL, LMD, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Eppley Lab Inc, Newport, RI 02840 USA. Yankee Environm Syst Inc, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Carter Scott Design, Brunswick, Vic 3056, Australia. Meteorol Serv Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. World Radiat Ctr, Phys Meterol Observ, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EKO Instruments Co Ltd, Shibuya Ku, Tokyo 1510073, Japan. RP Michalsky, JJ (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Surface Radiat Res Branch, RARL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM joseph.michalsky@noaa.gov NR 16 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D6 AR D06107 DI 10.1029/2004JD005265 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 909QI UT WOS:000227875100002 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Dunlap, JR Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Dunlap, JR Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Grafting efficiency of hydroxy-terminated poly(methyl methacrylate) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; graft copolymers; nanotechnology; poly(methyl methacrylate); thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; FUNCTIONALIZATION; SOLUBILIZATION AB Poly(methyl methacrylate)s (PMMAs) containing a terminal hydroxy group or multiple hydroxy groups as pendants were grafted to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTSs) by esterification in toluene at 100 degrees C. The recovered polymer with a low level of MWNTs and the PMMA-g-MWNTs with up to 12 wt.-% grafted polymer were characterized using spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermogravimetric analyses. The percentage of polymer present in the PMMA-g-MWNT samples is very low based upon the concentration of the acid groups in the tubes. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Program Microscopy, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 17 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1336 J9 MACROMOL RAPID COMM JI Macromol. Rapid Commun. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 26 IS 6 BP 481 EP 486 DI 10.1002/marc.200400564 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 914LS UT WOS:000228229800011 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Coss, J Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ Cruz-Burelo, ED Martins, CD Dean, S Deliot, F Delsart, PA Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kado, MM Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Peters, O Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, AA Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shephard, WD Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V 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Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H 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Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Measurement of the Lambda(0)(b) lifetime in the decay Lambda(0)(b)-> J/psi Lambda(0) with the D0 detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAUTY HADRONS AB We present measurements of the Lambda(b)(0) lifetime in the exclusive decay channel Lambda(b)(0)-> J/psi Lambda(0), with J/psi ->mu(+)mu(-) and Lambda(0)-> p pi(-), the B-0 lifetime in the decay B-0-> J/psi K-S(0) with J/psi ->mu(+)mu(-) and K-S(0)->pi(+)pi(-), and the ratio of these lifetimes. The analysis is based on approximately 250 pb(-1) of data recorded with the D0 detector in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV. The Lambda(b)(0) lifetime is determined to be tau(Lambda(b)(0))=1.22(-0.18)(+0.22)(stat)+/- 0.04(syst) ps, the B-0 lifetime tau(B-0)=1.40(-) (+0.11)(0.10)(stat)+/- 0.03(syst) ps, and the ratio tau(Lambda(b)(0))/tau(B-0)=0.87(-) (+0.17)(0.14)(stat)+/- 0.03(syst). In contrast with previous measurements using semileptonic decays, this is the first determination of the Lambda(b)(0) lifetime based on a fully reconstructed decay channel. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Clermont Ferrand, IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Grenoble 1, IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CPPM, IN2P3 CNRS, Marseille, France. IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3 CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, IN2P3 CNRS, Paris, France. CEA, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Strasbourg, IReS, IN2P3 CNRS, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alcase, Mulhouse, France. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, IN2P3 CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3 A, Aachen, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF, FOM Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 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Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Frisch, H Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M Guimaraes da Costa, J Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nicollerat, AS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A Denis, RS Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stefanini, A Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S TI Search for excited and exotic electrons in the e gamma decay channel in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CDF PLUG UPGRADE; HADRON COLLIDERS; LEPTONS; CALORIMETER; GENERATION; DETECTOR; FERMIONS; HERA; LEP AB We present a search for excited and exotic electrons (e(*)) decaying to an electron and a photon, both with high transverse momentum. We use 202 pb(-1) of data collected in p (p) over bar collisions at root s =1.96 TeV with the Collider Detector at Fermilab II detector. No signal above standard model expectation is seen for associated ee(*) production. We discuss the e(*) sensitivity in the parameter space of the excited electron mass M(e)(*) and the compositeness energy scale Lambda. In the contact interaction model, we exclude 132 GeV/c(2)< M(e*)< 879 GeV/c(2) for Lambda=M(e*) at 95% confidence level (C.L.). In the gauge-mediated model, we exclude 126 GeV/c(2)< M(e*)< 430 GeV/c(2) at 95% C.L. for the phenomenological coupling f/Lambda approximate to 10(-2) GeV(-1). C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki Grp, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. RI Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 101802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.101802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900011 PM 15783472 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dorr, C Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ehlers, J Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M Guimaraes da Costa, J Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Karagoz Unel, M Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Movilla Fernandez, PA Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A 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A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F 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D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the lifetime difference between B-s mass eigenstates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; DECAY AMPLITUDES; PHI DECAYS; MESONS AB We present measurements of the lifetimes and polarization amplitudes for B-s(0)-> J/psi phi and B-d(0)-> J/psi K-*0 decays. Lifetimes of the heavy and light mass eigenstates in the B-s(0) system are separately measured for the first time by determining the relative contributions of amplitudes with definite CP as a function of the decay time. Using 203 +/- 15 B-s(0) decays we obtain tau(L)=(1.05(-0.13)(+0.16)+/- 0.02) ps and tau(H)=(2.07(-0.46)(+0.58)+/- 0.03) ps. Expressed in terms of the difference Delta Gamma(s) and average Gamma(s), of the decay rates of the two eigenstates, the results are Delta Gamma(s)/Gamma(s)=(65(-33)(+25)+/- 1)% and Delta Gamma(s)=(0.47(-0.24)(+0.19)+/- 0.01) ps(-1). C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki Grp, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. RI Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; OI Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Osterberg, Kenneth/0000-0003-4807-0414; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 13 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. 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Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H TI Search for the decay B+-> K+ v(v)over-bar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIMIT AB We search for the rare flavor-changing neutral-current decay B+ -> K+ v (v) over tilde in a data sample of 82 fb(-1) collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B-factory. Signal events are selected by examining the properties of the system recoiling against either a reconstructed hadronic or semileptonic charged-B decay. Using these two independent samples we obtain a combined limit of B(B+ -> K+ v (v) over bar) < 5.2 x10(-5) at the 90% confidence level. In addition, by selecting for pions rather than kaons, we obtain a limit of B(B+ -> pi(+) v (v) over bar) < 1.0 x 10(-4) using only the hadronic B reconstruction method. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. 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Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 10 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 101801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.101801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900010 PM 15783471 ER PT J AU Keenan, R Dunn, J Patel, PK Price, DF Smith, RF Shlyaptsev, VN AF Keenan, R Dunn, J Patel, PK Price, DF Smith, RF Shlyaptsev, VN TI High-repetition-rate grazing-incidence pumped x-ray laser operating at 18.9 nm SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SATURATION; AMPLIFIER; TABLETOP; GAIN AB We have demonstrated a 10 Hz Ni-like Mo x-ray laser operating at 18.9 nm with 150 mJ total pump energy by employing a novel pumping scheme. The grazing-incidence scheme is described, where a picosecond pulse is incident at a grazing angle to a Mo plasma column produced by a slab target irradiated by a 200 ps laser pulse. This scheme uses refraction of the short pulse at a predetermined electron density to increase absorption to pump a specific gain region. The higher coupling efficiency inherent to this scheme allows a reduction in the pump energy where 70 mJ long pulse energy and 80 mJ short pulse energy are sufficient to produce lasing at a 10 Hz repetition rate. Under these conditions and by optimizing the delay between the pulses, we achieve strong amplification and close to saturation for 4 mm long targets. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Keenan, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011 NR 20 TC 153 Z9 158 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 103901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.103901 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900025 PM 15783486 ER PT J AU Kidd, TE Valla, T Fedorov, AV Johnson, PD Cava, RJ Haas, MK AF Kidd, TE Valla, T Fedorov, AV Johnson, PD Cava, RJ Haas, MK TI Orbital dependence of the fermi liquid state in Sr2RuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4; LAYERED PEROVSKITE; BEHAVIOR; SURFACE; TRIPLET AB We have used angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to determine the bulk electronic structure of Sr2RuO4 above and below the Fermi liquid crossover near 25 K. Our measurements indicate that the properties of the system are highly orbital dependent. The quasi-2D gamma band displays Fermi liquid behavior while the remaining low energy bands show exotic properties consistent with quasi-1D behavior. In the Fermi liquid state below 25 K, the gamma band dominates the electronic properties, while at higher temperatures the quasi-1D beta and alpha bands become more important. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Kidd, TE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 107003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.107003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900046 PM 15783507 ER PT J AU Liang, ZT Wang, XN AF Liang, ZT Wang, XN TI Globally polarized quark-gluon plasma in noncentral A+A collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYPERON POLARIZATION; HIGH-ENERGIES; LAMBDA; ANNIHILATION; ASYMMETRY; DECAYS AB Produced partons have a large local relative orbital angular momentum along the direction opposite to the reaction plane in the early stage of noncentral heavy-ion collisions. Parton scattering is shown to polarize quarks along the same direction due to spin-orbital coupling. Such global quark polarization will lead to many observable consequences, such as left-right asymmetry of hadron spectra and global transverse polarization of thermal photons, dileptons, and hadrons. Hadrons from the decay of polarized resonances will have an azimuthal asymmetry similar to the elliptic flow. Global hyperon polarization is studied within different hadronization scenarios and can be easily tested. C1 Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liang, ZT (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. NR 16 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 102301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.102301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900018 PM 15783479 ER PT J AU McDonald, RD Harrison, N Singleton, J Bangura, A Goddard, PA Ramirez, AP Chi, X AF McDonald, RD Harrison, N Singleton, J Bangura, A Goddard, PA Ramirez, AP Chi, X TI Landau quantization effects in the charge-density-wave system (Per)(2)M(mnt)(2) (where M=Au and Pt) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTORS; SCATTERING AB A finite transfer integral t(a) orthogonal to the conducting chains of a highly one-dimensional metal gives rise to empty and filled bands that simulate an indirect-gap semiconductor upon formation of a charge-density wave (CDW). In contrast to semiconductors such as Ge and Si with band gaps similar to 1 eV, the CDW system possesses an indirect gap with a greatly reduced energy scale, enabling moderate laboratory magnetic fields to have a major effect. The consequent variation of the thermodynamic gap with magnetic field due to Zeeman splitting and Landau quantization enables the electronic band structure parameters (transfer integrals, Fermi velocity) to be determined accurately. These parameters reveal the orbital quantization limit to be reached at similar to 20 T in (Per)(2)M(mnt)(2) salts, making them highly unlikely candidates for a recently proposed cascade of field-induced CDW states. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP McDonald, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McDonald, Ross/H-3783-2013; Goddard, Paul/A-8638-2015 OI McDonald, Ross/0000-0002-0188-1087; Goddard, Paul/0000-0002-0666-5236 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 106404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.106404 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900039 PM 15783500 ER PT J AU Musser, JR Bayes, R Davydov, YI Depommier, P Doornbos, J Faszer, W Gagliardi, CA Gaponenko, A Gill, DR Green, P Gumplinger, P Hasinoff, MD Henderson, RS Hu, J Jamieson, B Kitching, P Koetke, DD Krushinsky, AA Lachin, YY Macdonald, JA MacDonald, RP Marshall, GM Mathie, EL Miasoedov, LV Mischke, RE Nord, PM Olchanski, K Olin, A Openshaw, R Porcelli, TA Poutissou, JM Poutissou, R Quraan, MA Rodning, NL Selivanov, V Sheffer, G Shin, B Sobratee, F Stanislaus, TDS Tacik, R Torokhov, VD Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wright, DH AF Musser, JR Bayes, R Davydov, YI Depommier, P Doornbos, J Faszer, W Gagliardi, CA Gaponenko, A Gill, DR Green, P Gumplinger, P Hasinoff, MD Henderson, RS Hu, J Jamieson, B Kitching, P Koetke, DD Krushinsky, AA Lachin, YY Macdonald, JA MacDonald, RP Marshall, GM Mathie, EL Miasoedov, LV Mischke, RE Nord, PM Olchanski, K Olin, A Openshaw, R Porcelli, TA Poutissou, JM Poutissou, R Quraan, MA Rodning, NL Selivanov, V Sheffer, G Shin, B Sobratee, F Stanislaus, TDS Tacik, R Torokhov, VD Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wright, DH TI Measurement of the Michel parameter rho in muon decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPARK-CHAMBER SPECTROMETER; SPECTRUM; PHYSICS; PARITY AB The TWIST Collaboration has measured the Michel parameter rho in normal muon decay, mu(+)-> e(+)nu(e)nu(mu). In the standard model, rho=3/4. Deviations from this value imply mixing of left- and right-handed muon and electron couplings. We find rho=0.750 80 +/- 0.000 32(stat)+/- 0.000 97(syst)+/- 0.000 23, where the last uncertainty represents the dependence of rho on the Michel parameter eta. This result sets new limits on the W-L-W-R mixing angle in left-right symmetric models. C1 Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia. Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 101805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.101805 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900014 PM 15783475 ER PT J AU Pascalutsa, V Vanderhaeghen, M AF Pascalutsa, V Vanderhaeghen, M TI Magnetic moment of the Delta(1232) resonance in chiral effective-field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PION-PROTON BREMSSTRAHLUNG; LATTICE QCD; DECUPLET AB We perform a relativistic chiral effective-field theory calculation of the radiative pion photoproduction (gamma p ->pi(0)p gamma(')) in the Delta-resonance region, to next-to-leading order in the "delta expansion." This work is aimed at a model-independent extraction of the Delta(+) magnetic moment from new precise measurements of this reaction. It also predicts the chiral behavior of Delta's magnetic moment, which can be used to extrapolate the recent lattice QCD results to the physical point. C1 Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Pascalutsa, V (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM vlad@jlab.org; marcvdh@jlab.org OI Pascalutsa, Vladimir/0000-0002-2613-6104 NR 22 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 102003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.102003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900017 PM 15783478 ER PT J AU Rourke, PMC Tanatar, MA Turel, CS Berdeklis, J Petrovic, C Wei, JYT AF Rourke, PMC Tanatar, MA Turel, CS Berdeklis, J Petrovic, C Wei, JYT TI Spectroscopic evidence for multiple order parameter components in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POINT-CONTACT SPECTROSCOPY; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PAIRING SYMMETRY; STATES; CONDUCTANCE; SPECTRA; SURFACE; BANDS; UBE13; UPT3 AB Point-contact spectroscopy was performed on single crystals of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 between 150 mK and 2.5 K. A pulsed measurement technique ensured minimal Joule heating over a wide voltage range. The spectra show Andreev-reflection characteristics with multiple structures which depend on junction impedance. Spectral analysis using the generalized Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism for d-wave pairing revealed two coexisting order parameter components with amplitudes Delta(1)=0.95 +/- 0.15 meV and Delta(2)=2.4 +/- 0.3 meV, which evolve differently with temperature. Our observations indicate a highly unconventional pairing mechanism, possibly involving multiple bands. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rourke, PMC (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Rourke, Patrick/0000-0001-7875-9592 NR 42 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 107005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.107005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900048 PM 15783509 ER PT J AU Snezhko, A Aranson, IS Kwok, WK AF Snezhko, A Aranson, IS Kwok, WK TI Structure formation in electromagnetically driven granular media SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIPOLAR HARD-SPHERES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS AB We report structure formation in submonolayers of magnetic microparticles subjected to periodic electrostatic and magnetic excitations. Depending on the excitation parameters, we observe the formation of a rich variety of structures: clusters, rings, chains, and networks. The dynamics and shapes of the structures are strongly dependent on the amplitude and frequency of the external magnetic field. We find that for pure ac magnetic driving the low-frequency magnetic excitation favors compact clusters, whereas high frequency driving favors chains and netlike structures. An abrupt phase transition from chains to a network phase was observed for a high density of particles. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Snezhko, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 17 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 108002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.108002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900066 PM 15783527 ER PT J AU Wang, YL Gao, HJ Guo, HM Wang, S Pantelides, ST AF Wang, YL Gao, HJ Guo, HM Wang, S Pantelides, ST TI Bonding configurations and collective patterns of Ge atoms adsorbed on Si(111)-(7 x 7) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; QUANTUM DOTS; SURFACE; CHEMISORPTION; ENERGY; 7X7; INTERFACE; GERMANIUM; DIFFUSION AB We report scanning tunneling microscopy observations of Ge deposited on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface for a sequence of submonolayer coverages. We demonstrate that Ge atoms replace so-called Si adatoms. Initially, the replacements are random, but distinct patterns emerge and evolve with increasing coverage, until small islands begin to form. Corner adatom sites in the faulted half unit cells are preferred. First-principles density functional calculations find that adatom substitution competes energetically with a high-coordination bridge site, but atoms occupying the latter sites are highly mobile. Thus, the observed structures are indeed more thermodynamically stable. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Condensed Matter Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, YL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RI IoP, Nano Lab/B-9663-2013; WANG, Yeliang/D-9643-2012 NR 28 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 106101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.106101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900035 PM 15783496 ER PT J AU White, CG Burnstein, RA Chakravorty, A Chan, A Chen, YC Choong, WS Clark, K Dukes, EC Durandet, C Felix, J Gidal, G Gu, P Gustafson, HR Ho, C Holmstrom, T Huang, M James, C Jenkins, CM Kaplan, DM Lederman, LM Leros, N Longo, MJ Lopez, F Lu, LC Luebke, W Luk, KB Nelson, KS Park, HK Perroud, JP Rajaram, D Rubin, HA Teng, PK Volk, J White, SL Zyla, P AF White, CG Burnstein, RA Chakravorty, A Chan, A Chen, YC Choong, WS Clark, K Dukes, EC Durandet, C Felix, J Gidal, G Gu, P Gustafson, HR Ho, C Holmstrom, T Huang, M James, C Jenkins, CM Kaplan, DM Lederman, LM Leros, N Longo, MJ Lopez, F Lu, LC Luebke, W Luk, KB Nelson, KS Park, HK Perroud, JP Rajaram, D Rubin, HA Teng, PK Volk, J White, SL Zyla, P TI Search for Delta S = 2 nonleptonic hyperon decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OMEGA AB A sensitive search for the rare decays Omega(-)->Lambda pi(-) and Xi(0)-> p pi(-) has been performed using data from the 1997 run of the HyperCP (Fermilab E871) experiment. Limits on other such processes do not exclude the possibility of observable rates for vertical bar Delta S vertical bar=2 nonleptonic hyperon decays, provided the decays occur through parity-odd operators. We obtain the branching-fraction limits B(Omega(-)->Lambda pi(-))< 2.9x10(-6) and B(Xi(0)-> p pi(-))< 8.2x10(-6), both at 90% confidence level. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Guanajuato, Leon 3700, Mexico. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. RI Lu, Lanchun/E-3551-2011 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 10 AR 101804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.101804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 909DF UT WOS:000227838900013 PM 15783474 ER PT J AU Ohman, J Niemi, A Tsang, CF AF Ohman, J Niemi, A Tsang, CF TI A regional-scale particle-tracking method for nonstationary fractured media SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE ROCK; ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT; MATRIX DIFFUSION; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TRACER TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; FLOW; NETWORKS; MODEL; CONNECTIVITY AB [1] A regional-scale transport model is introduced that is applicable to nonstationary and statistically inhomogeneous fractured media, provided that hydraulic flow, but not necessarily solute transport, can be approximated by equivalent continuum properties at some block scale. Upscaled flow and transport block properties are transferred from multiple fracture network realizations to a regional model with grid elements of size equal to that found valid for continuum approximation of flow. In the regional-scale model, flow is solved in a stochastic continuum framework, whereas the transport calculations employ a random walk procedure. Block-wise transit times are sampled from distributions linked to each block based on its underlying fracture network. To account for channeled transport larger than the block scale, several alternative sampling algorithms are introduced and compared. The most reasonable alternative incorporates a spatial persistence length in sampling the particle transit times; this tracer transport persistence length is related to interblock channeling, and is quantified by the number N of blocks. The approach is demonstrated for a set of field data, and the obtained regional-scale particle breakthroughs are analyzed. These are fitted to the one-dimensional advective-dispersive equation to determine an effective macroscale dispersion coefficient for the regional scale. An interesting finding is that this macroscale dispersion coefficient is found to be a linear function of the transport persistence, N, with a slope equal to a representative mean block-scale dispersion coefficient and a constant that incorporates background dispersion arising from the regional heterogeneous conductivity field. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohman, J (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Villavagen 16, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. EM johan.ohman@hyd.uu.se NR 62 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 18 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 3 AR W03016 DI 10.1029/2004WR003498 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 909TI UT WOS:000227883200003 ER PT J AU Yang, HX Walton, RI Biedasek, S Antonijevic, S Wimperis, S Ramirez-Cuesta, AJ Li, JC Kolesnikov, AI AF Yang, HX Walton, RI Biedasek, S Antonijevic, S Wimperis, S Ramirez-Cuesta, AJ Li, JC Kolesnikov, AI TI Experimental observations of water-framework interactions in a hydrated microporous aluminum phosphate SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPINNING NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MAS-NMR; QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; ALPO4-14; ADSORPTION; RESOLUTION; SOLIDS AB Differential scanning calorimetry of the hydrated, microporous aluminum phosphate AlPO-14 shows two distinct water losses between room temperature and 120 degrees C, indicating the presence of two types of water in the solid. Multiple-quantum magic angle spinning (MQMAS) Al-27 NMR shows that, while in dehydrated AlPO-14 all aluminum is found in tetrahedral sites, on hydration a significant proportion of the aluminum increases its coordination number to 6. This accounts for the presence of tightly bound water. The first detailed incoherent inelastic neutron scattering (IINS) studies of such a system give a spectrum with distinct and sharp librational bands for bound water, significantly different than seen in ice lh. Using these data, and by consideration of the crystal structure of dehydrated AlPO-14, we propose a model for the hydrated material in which the tightly bound water bridges pairs of Lewis acidic framework aluminums in a dense region of the structure, while loosely bound water resides in the pores of the solid. Further IINS measurements using a high-incident neutron energy provide data that are in agreement with our model. We can detect two O-H stretching modes for bound water in hydrated AlPO-14, consistent with the model of two types of water present in the material, with the loosely bound water connected to neighboring water molecules by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. C1 Univ Exeter, Dept Chem, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Chilton OX11 0QX, England. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Exeter, Dept Chem, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, England. EM r.i.walton@ex.ac.uk RI Walton, Richard/C-2058-2009; Wimperis, Stephen/B-6917-2012; Antonov, Alexander/I-2413-2012; Ramirez-Cuesta, Timmy/A-4296-2010; Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012; OI Wimperis, Stephen/0000-0003-3009-5146; Ramirez-Cuesta, Timmy/0000-0003-1231-0068; Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649; Walton, Richard/0000-0001-9706-2774 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 17 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 10 BP 4464 EP 4469 DI 10.1021/jp044924a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 906GV UT WOS:000227629700026 PM 16851518 ER PT J AU Wang, LQ Ferris, KF Azad, S Engelhard, MH AF Wang, LQ Ferris, KF Azad, S Engelhard, MH TI Adsorption and reaction of methanol on stoichiometric and defective SrTiO3(100) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; MIXED-METAL OXIDES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; WATER-ADSORPTION; TIO2; SRTIO3(001); TIO2(110); DESORPTION; STM; DECOMPOSITION AB The adsorption and reaction of methanol (CH3OH) on stoichiometric (TiO2-terminated) and reduced SrTiO3-(100) surfaces have been investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and first-principles density-functional calculations. Methanol adsorbs mostly nondissociatively on the stoichiometric SrTiO3(100) Surface that contains predominately Till cations. Desorption of a monolayer methanol from the stoichiometric surface is observed at similar to 250 K, whereas desorption of a multilayer methanol is found to occur at similar to 140 K. Theoretical calculations predict weak adsorption of methanol on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3(100) surfaces, in agreement with the experimental results. However, the reduced SrTiO3(100) surface containing Ti3+ cations exhibits higher reactivity toward adsorbed methanol, and H-2, CH4, and CO are the major decomposition products. The surface defects on the reduced SrTiO3(100) surface are partially reoxidized upon saturation exposure of CH3OH onto this surface at 300 K. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Labs, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Wang, LQ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM lq.wang@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 17 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 10 BP 4507 EP 4513 DI 10.1021/jp048338t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 906GV UT WOS:000227629700034 PM 16851526 ER PT J AU Liu, P Rodriguez, JA Asakura, T Gomes, J Nakamura, K AF Liu, P Rodriguez, JA Asakura, T Gomes, J Nakamura, K TI Desulfurization reactions on Ni2P(001) and alpha-Mo2C(001) surfaces: Complex role of P and C sites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NICKEL PHOSPHIDE CATALYSTS; TRANSITION-METAL PHOSPHIDES; THIOPHENE HYDRODESULFURIZATION; MOLYBDENUM CARBIDE; SULFIDE CATALYSTS; NITRIDE CATALYSTS; PHOTOEMISSION; ADSORPTION; HYDROGEN; MO(110) AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles density-functional calculations were used to study the interaction of thiophene, H2S, and S-2 with Ni2P(001), alpha-Mo2C(001), and polycrystalline MoC. In general, the reactivity of the surfaces increases following the sequence MoC < Ni2P(001) < alpha-Mo2C(001). At 300 K, thiophene does not adsorb on MoC. In contrast, Ni2P(001) and alpha-Mo2C(001) can dissociate the molecule easily. The key to establish a catalytic cycle for desulfurization is in the removal of the decomposition products of thiophene (C.,H,, fragments and S) from these surfaces. Our experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the rate-determining step in a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process is the transformation of adsorbed sulfur into gaseous H2S. Ni2P is a better catalyst for HDS than Mo2C or MoC. The P sites in the phosphide play a complex and important role. First, the formation of Ni-P bonds produces a weak "ligand effect" (minor stabilization of the Ni 3d levels and a small Ni -> P charge transfer) that allows a high activity for the dissociation of thiophene and molecular hydrogen. Second, the number of active Ni sites present in the surface decreases due to an "ensemble effect" of P, which prevents the system from deactivation induced by high coverages of strongly bound S. Third, the P sites are not simple spectators and provide moderate bonding to the products of the decomposition of thiophene and the H adatoms necessary for hydrogenation. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Porto, IFIMUP, P-4169 Oporto, Portugal. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov NR 49 TC 145 Z9 148 U1 12 U2 83 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 17 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 10 BP 4575 EP 4583 DI 10.1021/jp044301x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 906GV UT WOS:000227629700043 PM 16851535 ER PT J AU Switzer, WM Salemi, M Shanmugam, V Gao, F Cong, ME Kuiken, C Bhullar, V Beer, BE Vallet, D Gautier-Hion, A Tooze, Z Villinger, F Holmes, EC Heneine, W AF Switzer, WM Salemi, M Shanmugam, V Gao, F Cong, ME Kuiken, C Bhullar, V Beer, BE Vallet, D Gautier-Hion, A Tooze, Z Villinger, F Holmes, EC Heneine, W TI Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; DIVERGENCE TIMES; ABSOLUTE RATES; DNA EVIDENCE; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCES; GENE; HOSTS; COSPECIATION; COEVOLUTION AB Although parasite - host co-speciation is a long-held hypothesis, convincing evidence for long-term co-speciation remains elusive, largely because of small numbers of hosts and parasites studied and uncertainty over rates of evolutionary change(1-5). Cospeciation is especially rare in RNA viruses, in which cross-species transfer is the dominant mode of evolution(6-9). Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) are ubiquitous, non-pathogenic retroviruses that infect all primates(10,11). Here we test the co-speciation hypothesis in SFVs and their primate hosts by comparing the phylogenies of SFV polymerase and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II from African and Asian monkeys and apes. The phylogenetic trees were remarkably congruent in both branching order and divergence times, strongly supporting cospeciation. Molecular clock calibrations revealed an extremely low rate of SFV evolution, 1.7 x 10(-8) substitutions per site per year, making it the slowest-evolving RNA virus documented so far. These results indicate that SFVs might have co-speciated with Old World primates for at least 30 million years, making them the oldest known vertebrate RNA viruses. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Pathol Immunol & Lab Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Duke Univ, Human Vaccine Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. So Res Inst, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, Biol Stn, F-35380 Paimpont, France. Cercopan, Calabar, Cross River Sta, Nigeria. Emory Univ, Winship Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov OI Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 NR 30 TC 166 Z9 174 U1 4 U2 47 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 17 PY 2005 VL 434 IS 7031 BP 376 EP 380 DI 10.1038/nature03341 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 907KG UT WOS:000227715100050 PM 15772660 ER PT J AU Hu, JL Wang, Y Cao, CS Elliott, DC Stevens, DJ White, JF AF Hu, JL Wang, Y Cao, CS Elliott, DC Stevens, DJ White, JF TI Conversion of Biomass syngas to DME using a microchannel reactor SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIMETHYL ETHER SYNTHESIS; SYNTHESIS GAS; METHANOL; DEHYDRATION; CATALYSTS; KINETICS; ALUMINA; ACID AB The capability of a microchannel reactor for direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from biomass syngas was explored. The reactor was operated in conjunction with a hybrid catalyst system consisting of methanol synthesis and dehydration catalysts, and the influence of reaction parameters on syngas conversion was investigated. The activities of different dehydration catalysts were compared under DME synthesis conditions. Reaction temperature and pressure exhibited similar positive effects on DME formation. A catalytic stability test of the hybrid catalyst system was performed for 880 h, during which CO conversion only decreased from 88% to 81%. In the microchannel reactor, the catalyst deactivation rate appeared to be much slower than in a tubular fixed-bed reactor tested for comparison. Test results also indicated that the dehydration reaction rate and the water depletion rate via a water-gas-shift reaction should be compatible to achieve high selectivity to DME. Using the microchannel reactor, it was possible to achieve a space time yield almost 3 times higher than commercially demonstrated performance results, which highlights strong process intensification potential for commercial application. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hu, JL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jianli.Hu@pnl.gov RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 17 TC 47 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1722 EP 1727 DI 10.1021/ie0492707 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 906IR UT WOS:000227634900015 ER PT J AU Puttini, S Ouvrard-Pascaud, A Palais, G Beggah, AT Gascard, P Cohen-Tannoudji, M Babinet, C Blot-Chabaud, M Jaisser, F AF Puttini, S Ouvrard-Pascaud, A Palais, G Beggah, AT Gascard, P Cohen-Tannoudji, M Babinet, C Blot-Chabaud, M Jaisser, F TI Development of a targeted transgenesis strategy in highly differentiated cells: a powerful tool for functional genomic analysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conditional; targeted transgenesis; differentiated cells ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION AB Functional genomic analysis is a challenging step in the so-called post-genomic field. Identification of potential targets using large-scale gene expression analysis requires functional validation to identify those that are physiologically relevant. Genctically modified cell models are often used for this purpose allowing up- or down-expression of selected targets in a well-defined and if possible highly differentiated cell type. However. the generation of such models remains time-consuming and expensive. In order to alleviate this step, we developed a strategy aimed at the rapid and efficient generation of genetically modified cell lines with conditional. inducible expression of various target genes. Efficient knock-in of various constructs. called targeted transgenesis. in a locus selected for its permissibility to the tet inducible system. was obtained through the stimulation of site-specific homologous recombination by the meganuclease I-SceI. Our results demonstrate that targeted transgenesis in a reference inducible locus greatly facilitated the functional analysis of the selected recombinant cells. The efficient screening strategy we have designed makes possible automation of the transfection and selection steps. Furthermore. this strategy could be applied to a variety of highly differentiated cells. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 INSERM, U478, Federat Inst Res 02, Med Fac X Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Subcellular Struct, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNRS, URA 1960, F-75015 Paris, France. RP Jaisser, F (reprint author), Coll France, INSERM, AVENIR, Federat Inst Res 52, 11 Pl Marcellin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris, France. EM frederic.jaisser@college-de-france.fr RI Blot-Chabaud, Marcel/D-4064-2017 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 116 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.10.014 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 896JQ UT WOS:000226930800005 PM 15664078 ER PT J AU Tysoe, WT Rodriguez, J AF Tysoe, WT Rodriguez, J TI Special issue: Proceedings of the Third San Luis Symposium on Surfaces, Interfaces and Catalysis - Preface SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tysoe, WT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 3210 N Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM wtt@uwm.edu; rodricyez@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 228 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.10.001 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 896VN UT WOS:000226962300001 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Wang, X Liu, G Hansona, JC Hrbek, J Peden, CHF Iglesias-Juez, A Fernandez-Garcia, M AF Rodriguez, JA Wang, X Liu, G Hansona, JC Hrbek, J Peden, CHF Iglesias-Juez, A Fernandez-Garcia, M TI Physical and chemical properties of Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles and Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces: synchrotron-based studies SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd San Luis Symposium on Surfaces, Interfaces and Catalysis CY MAR 15-19, 2004 CL Pan-Amer Adv Studies Inst, Merida, VENEZUELA SP State San Luis, Argentinean Natl Govt HO Pan-Amer Adv Studies Inst DE high-resolution phomemission; time-resolved X-ray diffraction; nanoparticles ID CEO2-ZRO2 MIXED OXIDES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; MICROEMULSION METHOD; POWDER DIFFRACTION; OXYGEN MIGRATION; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; BULK REDUCTION; METAL OXIDES; CERIA; CATALYSTS AB In this article. we review a series of studies that use synchrotron-based techniques (high-resolution photoemission, time-resolved Xray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy) to investigate the physical and chemical properties of Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles and Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces (x less than or equal to 0.5). CeO2 and Ce1-xZrxO2 particles in sizes between 4 and 7nm were synthesized using a novel microemulsion method. The results of XANES (O K-edge, Cc and Zr L-III-edges) indicate that the Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles and Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces have very similar electronic properties. For these systems, the lattice constant decreased with increasing Zr content. varying frorn 5.4 Angstrom in CeO2 to 5.3 Angstrom in Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, Within the fluorite structure, the Zr atoms exhibited structural perturbations that led to different types of Zr-O distances and non-equivalent O atoms in the Ce1-xZrxO2 compounds. The Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles were more reactive towards H-2 and SO2 than the Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces. The Ce1-2ZrxO2(111) surfaces did not reduce in hydrogen at 300 degreesC. At temperatures above 250 degreesC the Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles reacted with H-2 and water evolved into gas phase. XANES showed the generation of Ce3+ cations without reduction of Zr4+. There was an expansion in the unit cell of the reduced nanoparticles probably as a consequence of a partial Ce4+ --> Ce3+ transformation and the sorption of hydrogen into the bulk of the material. S K-edge XANES spectra pointed to SO4 as the main product of the adsorption of SO2 on the Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles and Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces. Full dissociation of SO, was seen on the nanoparticles but not on the Ce1-xZrxO2(111) surfaces. The metal cations at corner and edge sites of the Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles probably play a very important role in interactions with the H, and SO, molecules. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. CSIC, Inst Catalisis & Petroleoquim, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013; Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos/A-8122-2014; Iglesias-Juez, Ana/K-6048-2014; OI Iglesias-Juez, Ana/0000-0002-1218-5490; Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 49 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 228 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.09.069 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 896VN UT WOS:000226962300003 ER PT J AU Qin, F Magtoto, NP Kelber, JA Jennison, DR AF Qin, F Magtoto, NP Kelber, JA Jennison, DR TI Theory and experiments on the structure of 7 angstrom alumina films grown on Ni3Al SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd San Luis Symposium on Surfaces, Interfaces and Catalysis CY MAR 15-19, 2004 CL Pan-Amer Adv Studies Inst, Merida, VENEZUELA SP State San Luis, Argentinean Natl Govt HO Pan-Amer Adv Studies Inst DE density functional calculations; catalysis; interfaces; metals; aluminum oxide; films ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OXIDE-FILMS; ELECTRON-GAS; AL2O3; SURFACE; ALPHA-AL2O3(0001); NIAL(110); PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ADSORPTION; ADHESION AB Recently, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments confirmed a theoretical prediction that the surface of the two O-layer. or 5 Angstrom, alumina film on NiAl(110) has 50% tetrahedral and 50% octahedral Al-site occupancy, a distorted A-plane of kappa-alumina. Now density functional theory (DFT) calculations for a 7 Angstrom (i.e., three oxygen layer) alumina film are compared with experiments on Ni3Al(110). To minimize the surface energy, we assume that the first two planes of the thicker film are the A- and B- planes of the K-phase. As with the thinner film, significant distortions occur from the crystalline form. However, a 2 x 1 unit cell occurs with rows separated by similar to1 nm. STM of this film confirms this structure. Finally, an earlier theoretical conjecture is confirmed using low energy electron diffraction (LEED) on the same film: the bottom oxygen layer is chernisorbed on a plane of Al(111), and these are rotated against the substrate to produce the observed domain structures. Thus this system is tri-layered as kappa-alumina (A-B planes)/O(111) on Al(111)/Ni3Al. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM kelber@unt.edu; drjenni@sandia.gov NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 EI 1873-314X J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 228 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.09.082 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 896VN UT WOS:000226962300011 ER PT J AU Chen, YS Fulton, JL Linehan, JC Autrey, T AF Chen, YS Fulton, JL Linehan, JC Autrey, T TI In situ XAFS and NMR study of rhodium-catalyzed dehydrogenation of dimethylamine borane SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AMINE-BORANE; ADDUCTS C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fulton, JL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM john.fulton@pnl.gov; john.linehan@pnl.gov; tom.autrey@pnl.gov RI Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014 NR 13 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 8 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 10 BP 3254 EP 3255 DI 10.1021/ja0437050 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 906GD UT WOS:000227627800010 PM 15755123 ER PT J AU Song, J Malathong, V Bertozzi, CR AF Song, J Malathong, V Bertozzi, CR TI Mineralization of synthetic polymer scaffolds: A bottom-up approach for the development of artificial bone SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC TOMOGRAPHY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; IN-VITRO; HYDROXYAPATITE; ACID; COLLAGEN; BIOMINERALIZATION; SIALOPROTEIN; BIOMATERIALS AB The controlled integration of organic and inorganic components confers natural bone with superior mechanical properties. Bone biogenesis is thought to occur by templated mineralization of hard apatite crystals by an elastic protein scaffold, a process we sought to emulate with synthetic biomimetic hydrogel polymers. Cross-linked polymethacrylamide and polymethacrylate hydrogels were functionalized with mineral-binding ligands and used to template the formation of hydroxyapatite. Strong adhesion between the organic and inorganic materials was achieved for hydrogels functionalized with either carboxylate or hydroxy ligands. The mineral-nucleating potential of hydroxyl groups identified here broadens the design parameters for synthetic bonelike composites and suggests a potential role for hydroxylated Collagen proteins in bone mineralization. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Biol Nanostruct Facil, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Song, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jsong@lbl.gov; crb@berkeley.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE015633-01] NR 42 TC 143 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 10 BP 3366 EP 3372 DI 10.1021/ja043776z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 906GD UT WOS:000227627800041 PM 15755154 ER PT J AU Basumallick, L Sarangi, R George, SD Elmore, B Hooper, AB Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI AF Basumallick, L Sarangi, R George, SD Elmore, B Hooper, AB Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI TI Spectroscopic and density functional studies of the red copper site in nitrosocyanin: Role of the protein in determining active site geometric and electronic structure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA; RESONANCE RAMAN; NITRIC-OXIDE; REORGANIZATION ENERGY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LARGE MOLECULES; CYTOCHROME C' AB The electronic structure of the red copper site in nitrosocyanin is defined relative to that of the well understood blue copper site of plastocyanin by using low-temperature absorption, circular dichroism, magnetic circular dichroism, resonance Raman, EPR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, combined with DFT calculations. These studies indicate that the principal electronic structure change in the red copper site is the a rather than the pi donor interaction of the cysteine sulfur with the Cu 3d(x2-y2) redox active molecular orbital (RAMO). Further, MCD data show that there is an increase in ligand field strength due to an increase in coordination number, whereas resonance Raman spectra indicate a weaker Cu-S bond. The latter is supported by the S K-edge data, which demonstrate a less covalent thiolate interaction with the RAMO of nitrosocyanin at 20% relative to plastocyanin at 38%. EXAFS results give a longer Cu-S(Cys) bond distance in nitrosocyanin (2.28 angstrom) compared to plastocyanin (2.08 angstrom) and also show a large change in structure with reduction of the red copper site. The red copper site is the only presently known blue copper-related site with an exogenous water coordinated to the copper. Density functional calculations reproduce the experimental properties and are used to determine the specific protein structure contributions to exogenous ligand binding in red copper. The relative orientation of the CuNNS and the CuSCbeta planes (determined by the protein sequence) is found to be key in generating an exchangeable coordination position at the red copper active site. The exogenous water ligation at the red copper active site greatly increases the reorganization energy (by similar to 1.0 eV) relative to that of the blue copper protein site, making the red site unfavorable for fast outer-sphere electron transfer, while providing an exchangeable coordination position for inner-sphere electron transfer. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Biophys, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hooper, AB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Biophys, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hooper@cbs.umn.edu; edward.solomon@stanford.edu RI DeBeer, Serena/G-6718-2012 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209] NR 78 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 10 BP 3531 EP 3544 DI 10.1021/ja044412+ PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 906GD UT WOS:000227627800062 PM 15755175 ER PT J AU Tian, F Hansen, KM Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Tian, F Hansen, KM Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Dynamic microcantilever sensors for discerning biomolecular interactions SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROSTATIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; DNA; CHARGE; RECOGNITION; TRANSPORT; SURFACES; PROBE; GOLD AB Response of a conductive micromechanical cantilever placed in close proximity to a surface undergoing electrical excitation near the resonance frequency of the cantilever is influenced by the presence of microscopic dielectrics in the gap between the cantilever and the sample surface. The variations of the resonance response of unmodified cantilevers at gap distances below a few hundred nanometers are used to discern biomolecular differences of oligomeric nucleic acids in an array format without the use of extrinsic labels. The resonance response variation paves the way for the development of high throughput detection of biomolecular reactions, such as DNA hybridization reactions or antibody-antigen interactions without the use of external labels, in which the need is only to see the presence or absence of interaction. This dynamic method is simple, does not require immobilizing individual elements on a cantilever array, and is compatible with current generation DNA chips in which DNA spots are deposited in micro- and nanoarray format. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Thundat, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ugt@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1601 EP 1606 DI 10.1021/ac048602e PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 908AM UT WOS:000227759500009 PM 15762563 ER PT J AU Kim, H Guiochon, G AF Kim, H Guiochon, G TI Thermodynamic studies on the solvent effects in chromatography on molecularly imprinted polymers. 1. Nature of the organic modifier SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION METHOD; HETEROGENEITY; ENANTIOMERS AB Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used as highly enantioselective stationary phases in liquid chromatography. To optimize the binding performance of MIPs, different types of polar modifiers are frequently used. Previous studies have shown that the hydrogen-bonding donor parameter (HBD) of the modifier has a large influence on the binding performance of MIPs in chiral separations. This possibility is addressed in a detailed thermodynamic study of a Fmoc-L-tryptophan (Fmoc-L-Trp) imprinted polymer, eluted with four different polar modifiers, i.e., THF, propan-2-ol, methanol, and acetic acid, which have different HBDs (0.00, 0.33, 0.43, and 0.61, respectively). Adsorption isotherm data for each enantiomer in each of these organic modifiers were acquired by frontal analysis over a 20 000 dynamic concentration range. Nonlinear regression of the isotherm data, along with independent calculation of the affinity energy distributions, identified four different types of binding sites coexisting for the enantiomers on the MIP. The exception was acetic acid, which has the highest HBD. In this case, three types of binding sites only coexist on the MIP. The isotherm parameters obtained from these data show the following: (1)The association energies of the two enantiomers with a given type of sites have a similar magnitude; however, the density of the sites is higher for the template than for its antipode. (2) The nature of the organic modifier has a larger influence on the density of high-energy sites than on the association constant of these sites. (3) The molecular size of the organic modifier has a larger influence on the site density (especially for Fmoc-D-Trp) than does HBD. (4) Using an organic modifier with a higher HBD reduces the enantio-selectivity on each site. (5) High-energy sites are more enantioselective than low-energy ones. (6) Using an organic modifier with a high HBD causes a larger reduction in the density of high-energy sites approached by the template molecules. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 18 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1708 EP 1717 DI 10.1021/ac040155f PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 908AM UT WOS:000227759500022 PM 15762576 ER EF