FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Downing, KH McCartney, MR Glaeser, RM AF Downing, KH McCartney, MR Glaeser, RM TI Experimental characterization and mitigation of specimen charging on thin films with one conducting layer SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Microbeam Characterization of Nonconductive Materials CY AUG 02-03, 2002 CL McGill Univ, Dept Min, Met & Mat Engn, Montreal, CANADA HO McGill Univ, Dept Min, Met & Mat Engn DE specimen charging; thin films; cryomicroscopy; electron crystallography ID ELECTRON CRYOMICROSCOPY AB Specimen charging may be one of the most significant factors that contribute to the high variability and generally low quality of images in cryo-electron microscopy. Understanding the nature of specimen charging, can help in devising, methods to reduce or even avoid its effects and thus improve the rate of data collection as well as the quality of the data. We describe a series of experiments that help to characterize the charging phenomenon, which has been termed the Berriman effect. The pattern of buildup and disappearance of the charge pattern has led to several suggestions for how to alleviate the effect. Experiments are described that demonstrate the feasibility of such charge mitigation. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Stanley Donner ASU, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Downing, KH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM KHDowling@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM51487] NR 9 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 783 EP 789 DI 10.1017/S143192760404067X PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 874TG UT WOS:000225372100015 PM 19780320 ER PT J AU Glaeser, RM Downing, KH AF Glaeser, RM Downing, KH TI Specimen charging on thin films with one conducting layer: Discussion of physical principles SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Microbeam Characterization of Nonconductive Materials CY AUG 02-03, 2002 CL McGill Univ, Dept Min, Met & Mat Engn, Montreal, CANADA HO McGill Univ, Dept Min, Met & Mat Engn DE charging; resolution; transmission electron microscopy ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CRYOMICROSCOPY AB Although the most familiar consequences of specimen charging in transmission electron microscopy can be eliminated by evaporating a thin conducting film (such as a carbon film) onto an insulating specimen or by preparing samples directly on such a conducting film to begin with, a more subtle charging effect still remains. We argue here that specimen charging is in this case likely to produce a dipole sheet rather than a layer of positive charge at the surface of the specimen. A simple model of the factors that control the kinetics of specimen charging, and its neutralization, is discussed as a guide for experiments that attempt to minimize the amount of specimen charging. Believable estimates of the electrostatic forces and the electron optical disturbances that are likely to occur suggest that specimen bending and warping may have the biggest impact on degrading the image quality at high resolution. Electron optical effects are likely to be negligible except in the case of a specimen that is tilted to high angle. A model is proposed to explain how both the mechanical and electron-optical effects of forming a dipole layer would have much greater impact on the image resolution in a direction perpendicular to the tilt axis, a well-known effect in electron microscopy of two-dimensional crystals. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Stanley Donner ASU, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glaeser, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Stanley Donner ASU, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rmglaeser@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM51487] NR 9 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 790 EP 796 DI 10.1017/S1431927604040668 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 874TG UT WOS:000225372100016 PM 19780321 ER PT J AU Divan, R Mancini, DC Gallagher, SM Booske, J Van der Weide, D AF Divan, R Mancini, DC Gallagher, SM Booske, J Van der Weide, D TI Improvements in graphite-based X-ray mask fabrication for ultradeep X-ray lithography SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; DEEP AB Hard x-ray masks for ultradeep x-ray lithography (UDXRL) at synchrotron radiation sources, such as the Advanced Photon Source, require a gold absorber thickness of 20-100 mum on a low-Z substrate, such as silicon, graphite, or beryllium. Graphite sheets of 0.5 mm were used for the fabrication of x-ray masks by standard optical lithography using a SU-8 photoresist. The conductivity of graphite is sufficient to perform electroplating directly without the need for a metal-plating base layer. Gold electroforming was used to deposit a 85-mum-thick patterned absorber layer. The masks were used for UDXRL using hard x-rays at the Advanced Photon Source. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 EI 1432-1858 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 10 BP 728 EP 734 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0445-9 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 888NT UT WOS:000226382200010 ER PT J AU Gallagher, KG Milligan, BG White, PS AF Gallagher, KG Milligan, BG White, PS TI Isolation and characterization of microsatellite DNA loci in Aquilegia sp. SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES LA English DT Article DE Aquilegia; microsatellite; PCR; primer; SSR; STR AB We obtained a microsatellite-enriched genomic library isolated from the tissue of a single columbine (Aquilegia sp.) plant taken from a southwestern USA natural population. The primers developed for these microsatellite loci performed consistently in polymerase chain reactions and yielded multiallelic genotypes with relatively high observed heterozygosities. We describe polymerase chain reaction primers and conditions to amplify 16 unique, codominant di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite DNA loci so that other population biology researchers using columbine natural populations as a model system may benefit. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Gallagher, KG (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, Pl Eugene Bataillon CC-65 Bat 22, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. EM kelly@isem.univ-montp2.fr NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL NOTES JI Mol. Ecol. Notes PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 4 BP 686 EP 688 DI 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00785.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 876KV UT WOS:000225496600047 ER PT J AU Zhang, PJ Pen, UL Trac, H AF Zhang, PJ Pen, UL Trac, H TI The temperature of the intergalactic medium and the Compton y parameter SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH FLUCTUATIONS; POWER SPECTRUM; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; SIMULATIONS; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; ANISOTROPY; MATTER; GAS; ALGORITHM AB The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect directly probes the thermal energy of the Universe. Its precision modelling and future high-accuracy measurements will provide a powerful way to constrain the thermal history of the Universe. In this paper, we focus on the precision modelling of the gas density weighted temperature (T) over bar (g) and the mean SZ Compton y parameter. We run high-resolution adiabatic hydrodynamic simulations adopting the WMAP cosmology to study the temperature and density distribution of the intergalactic medium (IGM). To quantify possible simulation limitations, we run n=-1, -2 self-similar simulations. Our analytical model on (T) over bar (g) is based on energy conservation and matter clustering and has no free parameter. Combining both simulations and analytical models thus provides the precision modelling of (T) over bar (g) and (y) over bar. We find that the simulated temperature probability distribution function and (T) over bar (g) shows good convergence. For the WMAP cosmology, our highest-resolution simulation (1024(3) cells, 100 Mpc h(-1) box size) reliably simulates (T) over bar (g) with better than 10 per cent accuracy for zgreater than or similar to0.5. Toward z=0, the simulation mass-resolution effect becomes stronger and causes the simulated (T) over bar (g) to be slightly underestimated (at z=0, similar to20 per cent underestimated). Since (y) over bar is mainly contributed by the IGM at zgreater than or similar to0.5, this simulation effect on (y) over bar is no larger than similar to10 per cent. Furthermore, our analytical model is capable of correcting this artefact. It passes all tests of self-similar simulations and WMAP simulations and is able to predict (T) over bar (g) and (y) over bar to several per cent accuracy. For a low matter density LambdaCDM cosmology, the present (T) over bar (g) is 0.32 (sigma(8)/0.84)(3.05-0.15Omega m) (Omega(m)/0.268)(1.28-0.2sigma 8) keV, which accounts for 10(-8) of the critical cosmological density and 0.024 per cent of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) energy. The mean y parameter is 2.6x10(-6) (sigma(8)/0.84)(4.1-2Omega m)(Omega(m)/0.268)(1.28-0.2sigma 8). The current upper limit of y<1.5x10(-5) measured by FIRAS has already ruled out combinations of high sigma(8)greater than or similar to 1.1 and high Omega(m)greater than or similar to 0.5. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. RP Zhang, PJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM zhangpj@fnal.gov; pen@cita.utoronto.ca; trac@cita.utoronto.ca RI Trac, Hy/N-8838-2014; ZHANG, PENGJIE/O-2825-2015 OI Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861; NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 355 IS 2 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08328.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 873FJ UT WOS:000225265000014 ER PT J AU Wingate, BA AF Wingate, BA TI The maximum allowable time step for the shallow water alpha model and its relation to time-implicit differencing SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CAMASSA-HOLM EQUATIONS; SEMTNER OCEAN MODEL; TURBULENCE; CONNECTION; FLOW AB This work investigates the numerical time stability of the Lagrangian-averaged shallow water alpha model (SW-alpha). The main result is an analytical estimate for the maximum allowable time step. This estimate shows that as the grid is refined the time step becomes independent of the mesh spacing and instead depends on the length scale, alpha, a parameter of the model. The alpha model achieves this result through changes in the equations of motion that reduce the frequency of the linear waves at high wavenumbers. This type of reduction in the frequency of high-wavenumber waves is also a characteristic of time-implicit numerical methods. Consequently, an analogy is drawn between the two by comparing the numerical method's modified equation to the partial differential equation of the alpha model. Fourier analysis and numerical simulations are also used to compare a third-order Adams-Bashforth alpha model simulation to the well-known implicit numerical method of Dukowicz and Smith. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wingate, BA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B413, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wingate@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 132 IS 12 BP 2719 EP 2731 DI 10.1175/MWR2816.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 880RN UT WOS:000225807000001 ER PT J AU Boebinger, G Cox, DL Hurd, AJ Pines, D AF Boebinger, G Cox, DL Hurd, AJ Pines, D TI Up close: The Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter, an emergent institution SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, ICAM, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Pulsed Magnet Field Facil, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Boebinger, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ICAM, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 12 BP 963 EP 966 DI 10.1557/mrs2004.268 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 881HO UT WOS:000225854200024 ER PT J AU Daiguji, H Yang, PD Szeri, AJ Majumdar, A AF Daiguji, H Yang, PD Szeri, AJ Majumdar, A TI Electrochemomechanical energy conversion in nanofluidic channels SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STREAMING POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS; MEMBRANES; FLOW; HYDRODYNAMICS; MICROCHANNEL; CONDUCTANCE; TRANSPORT AB When the Debye length is on the order of or larger than the height of a nanofluidic channel containing surface charge, a unipolar solution of counterions is generated to maintain electrical neutrality. A pressure-gradient-driven flow under such conditions can be used for ion separation, which forms the basis for electrochemomechanical energy conversion. The current-potential (I-phi) characteristics of such a battery were calculated using continuum dynamics. When the bulk concentration is large and the channel does not become a unipolar solution of counterions, both the current and potential become small. On the other hand, when bulk concentration is so much smaller, the mass diffusion becomes the rate-controlling step and the potential drops rapidly in the high current density region. When the Debye length of the solution is about half of the channel height, the efficiency is maximized. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Environm Studies, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Tokyo, Inst Environm Studies, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM daiguji@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Daiguji, Hirofumi/B-2098-2013; OI Szeri, Andrew/0000-0003-0407-2645 NR 22 TC 167 Z9 171 U1 9 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2315 EP 2321 DI 10.1021/nl0489945 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 878XS UT WOS:000225681300003 ER PT J AU Puzder, A Williamson, AJ Zaitseva, N Galli, G Manna, L Alivisatos, AP AF Puzder, A Williamson, AJ Zaitseva, N Galli, G Manna, L Alivisatos, AP TI The effect of organic ligand binding on the growth of CdSe nanoparticles probed by Ab initio calculations SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; ALTERNATIVE ROUTES; SHAPE-EVOLUTION; MONODISPERSE; MECHANISMS; CELLS AB First principles electronic structure simulations are used to study the atomistic detail of the interaction between organic surfactant molecules and the surfaces of Use semiconductor nanoparticles. These calculations provide insights into the relaxed atomic geometry of organics bound to semiconductor surfaces at the nanoscale as well as the electronic charge transfer between surface atoms and the organics. We calculate the binding energy of phosphine oxide, phosphonic and carboxylic acids, and amine ligands to a range of Use nanoparticle facets. The dominant binding interaction is between oxygen atoms in the ligands and cadmium atoms on the nanoparticle surfaces. The most strongly bound ligands are phosphonic acid molecules, which bind preferentially to the facets forming the sides of Use nanorods. The calculated relative binding strengths of ligands to different facets support the hypothesis that these binding energies control the relative growth rates of different facets, and therefore the resulting geometry of the nanoparticles. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Williamson, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM williamson10@llnl.gov RI Manna, Liberato/G-2339-2010; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Manna, Liberato/0000-0003-4386-7985; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 25 TC 204 Z9 207 U1 5 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2361 EP 2365 DI 10.1021/nl0485861 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 878XS UT WOS:000225681300010 ER PT J AU Liu, HT Alivisatos, AP AF Liu, HT Alivisatos, AP TI Preparation of asymmetric nanostructures through site selective modification of tetrapods SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; HALF-SHELLS; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; DNA AB CdTe tetrapods have been deposited on a substrate and partially coated with a protective polymer layer, exposing just one arm. The exposed arm was then decorated with Au nanoparticles in a site selective fashion. The modified arms were readily broken off from the remainder of the tetrapods and released from the substrate, yielding CdTe nanorods asymmetrically modified with Au nanoparticles. These nanostructures with reduced symmetry may show interesting optoelectronic properties. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alivis@uclink.berkeley.edu RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 22 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2397 EP 2401 DI 10.1021/nl048532i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 878XS UT WOS:000225681300017 ER PT J AU Gray, JL Atha, S Hull, R Floro, JA AF Gray, JL Atha, S Hull, R Floro, JA TI Hierarchical self-assembly of epitaxial semiconductor nanostructures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; GE AB We describe a new route to hierarchical assembly of semiconductor nanostructures, employing guided organization of self-assembling epitaxial quantum dot molecules in the GexSi1-x/Si(100) system. The quantum dot molecule comprises a shallow strain relieving pit, defined by {105} facets, and bounded by 4-fold {105}-faceted islands. Through topographic "forcing functions" fabricated on the substrate surface, the quantum dot molecules may be organized into arrays, enabling hierarchical structures spanning length scales from tens of nanometers; to macroscopic dimensions. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hull, R (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM hull@virginia.edu NR 11 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2447 EP 2450 DI 10.1021/nl048443e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 878XS UT WOS:000225681300026 ER PT J AU Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T AF Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T TI Origins of elastic properties in ordered block copolymer/nanoparticle composites SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITES; MULTIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY; MELTS; MODEL AB We predict a diblock copolymer melt in the lamellar phase with added spherical nanoparticles that have an affinity for one block to have a lower tensile modulus than a pure diblock copolymer system. This weakening is due to the swelling of the lamellar domain by nanoparticles and the displacement of polymer by elastically inert fillers. Despite the overall decrease in the tensile modulus of a polydomain sample, the shear modulus for a single domain is unaffected by fillers. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thompson, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM thompson@uwaterloo.ca RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Thompson, Russell/J-6326-2012 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Thompson, Russell/0000-0002-6571-558X NR 21 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2455 EP 2459 DI 10.1021/nl048407f PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 878XS UT WOS:000225681300028 ER PT J AU Kohli, S Theil, JA Dippo, PC Jones, KM Ai-Jassim, MM Ahrenkiel, RK Rithner, CD Dorhout, PK AF Kohli, S Theil, JA Dippo, PC Jones, KM Ai-Jassim, MM Ahrenkiel, RK Rithner, CD Dorhout, PK TI Nanocrystal formation in annealed a-SiO0.17N0.07 : H films SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SI-H FILMS; SILICON OXYNITRIDE; POROUS SILICON; THIN-FILMS; X-RAY; LUMINESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOCLUSTERS; FABRICATION AB Silicon nanocrystals have been fabricated by annealing amorphous hydrogenated silicon-rich oxynitride (SRON) films in vacuum for 4 h over the temperature range 850-1150degreesC. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the composition of the film to be SiO0.N-17(0).(07). Glancing angle x-ray diffraction results revealed consistent silicon crystallite sizes of similar to5 nm for films annealed at temperatures less than or equal to 1050degreesC, increasing to similar to12 nm for films annealed at 1150 degreesC. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the samples annealed at 850 and 950degreesC comprised luminescent peaks from silicon nanocrystals and luminescence from the defects in Si-O system. However, only peaks from defects in Si-O system were present in the luminescence spectra from samples annealed at temperatures greater than 950 degreesC. For the samples annealed at 850 and 950 degreesC, the presence of strong Si-N bonds prevented the coalescence of smaller silicon crystallites into larger crystallites. Larger, non-luminescent silicon crystallites were only formed in films annealed at temperatures greater than 950 degreesC, where the energetics of coalescing particles overcame the strong Si-N bonding in SRON films. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of silicon nanocrystallites. A proposed growth mechanism of silicon nanocrystals is discussed. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Agilent Technol, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Measurements & Characterizat Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kohli, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM skohli@lamar.colostate.edu NR 34 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1831 EP 1836 AR PII S0957-4484(04)83984-9 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/15/12/024 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 881DI UT WOS:000225843200024 ER PT J AU Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Saiz, E Tomsia, AP TI Atomic dynamics and Marangoni films during liquid-metal spreading SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TENSION GRADIENTS; ALLOYS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB Despite its apparent simplicity, spreading of liquid metals at high temperatures has defied description and generalization. Wetting at high temperature is usually accompanied by interdiffusion and chemical reaction, but the forces that drive reactive spreading and the mechanisms that control its kinetics have been very poorly understood. The unsolved challenge has been to link macroscopic measurements such as the dynamic contact angle or the speed of a moving liquid front to phenomena occurring at the microscopic and even atomic level in the vicinity of the triple solid - liquid - vapour junction. We have taken a big step towards meeting this challenge. Our systematic analysis of the spreading of metal - metal systems with varying degrees of mutual solubility allows us to report on the fundamental differences between the mechanisms controlling spreading of organic liquids and liquid metals and on formation of Marangoni films driven by surface-tension gradients in high-temperature systems. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Esaiz@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 3 IS 12 BP 903 EP 909 DI 10.1038/nmat1252 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 875WP UT WOS:000225453200025 PM 15543152 ER PT J AU Dubrovsky, VA Matveev, KI AF Dubrovsky, VA Matveev, KI TI The influence of the weight of power systems on the performance of fast, long-range sealift ships with a small waterplane area SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The development of fast, long-range ships is a vital and challenging task of modern naval engineering. In this paper, the combined weight of the ship's engines and fuel is considered as the key parameter in the design process. The inverse approach for designing such vessels is formulated, aimed at determining the achievable speed as a function of the total weight of a power system at fixed power and payload. Possible ship concepts are discussed, and one configuration of a ship with a small water-plane area is examined in detail. The application of the specific design methods pertinent to this ship type is presented. The dependence of achievable speed on the total weight of a power system is estimated. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dubrovsky, VA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD WIN PY 2004 VL 116 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 PG 10 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 811LY UT WOS:000220774600004 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D Ernst, T Caparelli, EC Chang, L AF Tomasi, D Ernst, T Caparelli, EC Chang, L TI Practice-induced changes of brain function during visual attention: a parametric fMRI study at 4 Tesla SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE practice; brain; visual attention ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; EMOTION-INDUCED CHANGES; WORKING-MEMORY; TASK-PERFORMANCE; ACTIVATION; ANATOMY; LOAD; MECHANISMS; TRACKING AB A parametric functional MRI (fMRI) study with three levels of task difficulty was performed to determine the effect of practice and attentional load on brain activation during visual attention tasks. Brief practice during repeat fMRI scanning (20 min) did not change performance accuracy or reaction times (RT), but decreased activation bilaterally in the inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, and cerebellum. Increased attentional load decreased performance accuracy but not RT, and increased activation bilaterally in the inferior, posterior, and superior parietal cortices, thalamus, cerebellum, and frontal gyri. These changes suggest that practice decreases dependency on thalamus, cerebellum, and the frontal cortices for controlled task processing possibly due to increased efficiency of the attentional network. Since short-term practice-effects in the prefrontal cortex may be similar to attentional load-effects, studies of attentional load need to take practice effects into account. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, 30 Bell Ave,Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomasi@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 FU NIDA NIH HHS [K02 DA16991, K24 DA16170, R03 DA 017070-01, R03 DA017070-01]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH61427] NR 35 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD DEC PY 2004 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1414 EP 1421 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.065 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 883US UT WOS:000226041800017 PM 15589105 ER PT J AU Ding, YS Fowler, J Logan, J Wang, GJ Volkow, N Vocci, F AF Ding, YS Fowler, J Logan, J Wang, GJ Volkow, N Vocci, F TI 6-[18F]fluoro-A-85380, a new PET ligand for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: Studies in the human brain and in vivo demonstration of specific binding in white matter SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 12-16, 2004 CL San Juan, PR SP Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiaty, Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 SU 1 BP S79 EP S79 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 877RO UT WOS:000225588000233 ER PT J AU Eberling, J Bankiewicz, KS AF Eberling, J Bankiewicz, KS TI Imaging gene expression: Preclinical studies in a primate model of Parkinson's disease SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 12-16, 2004 CL San Juan, PR SP Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiaty, Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 SU 1 BP S25 EP S26 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 877RO UT WOS:000225588000078 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Fowler, JS TI Neurofunctional imaging studies of obesity and addiction SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 12-16, 2004 CL San Juan, PR SP Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiaty, Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 SU 1 BP S30 EP S31 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 877RO UT WOS:000225588000093 ER PT J AU Wu, HM Huang, SC Hattori, N Glenn, TC Vespa, PM Hovda, DA Bergsneider, M AF Wu, HM Huang, SC Hattori, N Glenn, TC Vespa, PM Hovda, DA Bergsneider, M TI Subcortical white matter metabolic chances remote from focal hemorrhagic lesions suggest diffuse injury after human traumatic brain injury SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE diffuse axonal injury; hyperglycolysis; oxidative metabolism; reactive gliosis ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; AXONAL INJURY; HEAD-INJURY; GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; OXYGEN UTILIZATION; PRACTICAL SCALE; CYCLOSPORINE-A; NORMAL VALUES AB OBJECTIVE: We used positron emission tomographic studies to prospectively examine the relationship between glucose and oxidative metabolism in the subcortical white matter (WM) acutely after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective was to determine the nature, extent, and degree of metabolic abnormalities in subcortical brain regions remote from hemorrhagic lesions. METHODS: Sixteen normal volunteers and 10 TBI patients (Glasgow Coma Scale score, 4-10; age, 17-64 yr; 6 with focal and 4 with diffuse injury) were studied. Each subject underwent dynamic positron emission tomographic studies using [O-15]CO, O-15(2), [O-15]H2O, and fluorodeoxyglucose plus a magnetic resonance imaging scan acutely after TBI. Parametric images of the metabolic rate of oxygen and metabolic rate of glucose were generated, and a molar oxygen-to-glucose utilization ratio was calculated. Data from gray matter and WM remote from hemorrhagic lesions, plus whole brain, were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the subcortical WM oxygen-to-glucose utilization ratio after TBI compared with normal values (3.99 +/- 0.77 versus 5.37 +/- 1.00; P < 0.01), whereas the mean cortical gray matter and whole-brain values remained unchanged. WM metabolic changes, which were diffuse throughout the hemispheres, were characterized by a reduction in the metabolic rate of oxygen without a concomitant drop in the metabolic rate of glucose. CONCLUSION: The extent and degree of subcortical WM metabolic abnormalities after moderate and severe TBI suggest that diffuse WM injury is a general phenomenon after such injuries. This pervasive finding may indicate that the concept of focal traumatic injury, although valid from a computed tomographic imaging standpoint, may be misleading when considering metabolic derangements associated with TBI. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Daivd Geffen Sch Med, Brain Injury Res Ctr, Div Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, DOE Ctr Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bergsneider, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Daivd Geffen Sch Med, Brain Injury Res Ctr, Div Neurosurg, 10833 Leconte Ave,Room 74-134 CHS,Mail Code 95690, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM mbergsneider@mednet.ucla.edu RI Hattori, Naoya/G-2298-2012 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-FC03-02ER63420, DE-FC0387-ER60615]; PHS HHS [30308] NR 58 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD DEC PY 2004 VL 55 IS 6 BP 1306 EP 1317 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 878CB UT WOS:000225623000009 PM 15574212 ER PT J AU Poet, TS Kousba, AA Dennison, SL Timchalk, C AF Poet, TS Kousba, AA Dennison, SL Timchalk, C TI Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organophosphate pesticide; PBPK/PD; cholinesterase inhibition ID PHARMACODYNAMIC PBPK/PD MODEL; IN-VITRO; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; CHLORPYRIFOS-OXON; RAT-LIVER; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; DERMAL ABSORPTION; METABOLISM AB Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphorus pesticide with the possibility for widespread exposures. The toxicological effects of DZN are primarily mediated through the effects of its toxic metabolite, DZN-oxon on aceiylcholinesterases, which results in accumulation of acetylcholine at neuronal junctions. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed to quantitatively assess the kinetics of DZN and its metabolites in blood and the inhibition of cholinesterases in plasma, RBC, brain, and diaphragm. Focused in vivo pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in male Sprague-Dawley rats and the data were used to refine the model. No overt toxicity was noted following doses up to 100 mg/kg. However cholinesterases in plasma, RBC, brain and diaphragm were substantially inhibited at doses of 50 mg/kg. In plasma, total cholinesterase was inhibited to less than 20% of control by 6 h post dosing with 100 mg/kg. Inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE)following 100 mg/kg exposures was approximately 30% of control by 6 h. Diaphragm butyrylcholineste rase (BuChE) inhibition following 100 mg/kg dosing was to less than 20% of control by 6 h. The PBPK/PD model was used to describe the concentrations of DZN and its major, inactive metabolite, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMHP) in plasma and urinary elimination of IMHP The fit of the model to plasma, RBC, brain, and diaphragm total cholinesterase and BuChE activity was also assessed and the model was further validated by fitting data from the open literature for intraperitoneal, intravenous, and oral exposures to DZN. The model was shown to quantitatively estimate target tissue dosimetty and cholinesterase inhibition following several routes of exposures. This model further confirms the usefulness of the model structure previously validated for chlorpyrifos and shows the potential utility of the model framework for other related organophosphate pesticides. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Ctr Biol Monitoring & Modeling, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Poet, TS (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Ctr Biol Monitoring & Modeling, POB 999,MSIN P7-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM torka.poet@pnl.gov FU NIOSH CDC HHS [1 R01 OH03629-01A2] NR 50 TC 54 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1013 EP 1030 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2004.03.002 PG 18 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 866IU UT WOS:000224768000012 PM 15474619 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, PT TI Turbulent magnetohydrodynamic elasticity: Boussinesq-like approximations for steady shear SO NEW ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE MHD; turbulence AB We re-examine the Boussinesq hypothesis of an effective turbulent viscosity within the context of simple closure considerations for models of strong magneto hydrodynamic turbulence. Reynolds-stress and turbulent Maxwell-stress closure models will necessarily introduce a suite of transport coefficients, all of which are to some degree model-dependent. One of the most important coefficients is the relaxation time for the turbulent Maxwell stress, which until recently has been relatively ignored. We discuss this relaxation within the context of magneto hydrodynamic turbulence in steady high fluid Reynolds-number, high magnetic-Reynolds-number shearing flows. The relaxation time for the turbulent Maxwell stress is not constrained by the shear time scale, in contrast with Reynolds-stress closure models for purely hydrodynamical turbulence. As a result, the anisotropy of the turbulent stress tensor for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, even for the case of zero mean-field considered here, cannot be neglected. This shear-generated anisotropy can be interpreted as being due to an effective turbulent elasticity, in analogy to the Boussinesq turbulent viscosity. We claim that this turbulent elasticity should be important for any astrophysical problem in which the turbulent stress in quasi-steady shear has been treated phenomenologically with an effective viscosity. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS P225,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ptw@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-1076 EI 1384-1092 J9 NEW ASTRON JI New Astron. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.newast.2004.03.006 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 903PF UT WOS:000227437400006 ER PT J AU Helmer, RG AF Helmer, RG TI Nuclear data sheets for A=157 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; ODD-A NUCLEI; HIGH-SPIN STATES; NEUTRON-DEFICIENT ISOTOPES; DIPOLE TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; PROTON TRANSFER-REACTIONS; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER; MASS DYSPROSIUM NUCLEI; ROTATIONAL BANDS; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE AB The experimental results from the various reaction and decay studies leading to nuclides in the A=157 mass chain have been reviewed. These data are summarized and presented, together with adopted level schemes and properties. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Helmer, RG (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 395 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD DEC PY 2004 VL 103 IS 4 BP 565 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.007 PG 217 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885TG UT WOS:000226179200002 ER PT J AU Barty, CPJ Key, M Britten, J Beach, R Beer, G Brown, C Bryan, S Caird, J Carlson, T Crane, J Dawson, J Erlandson, AC Fittinghoff, D Hermann, M Hoaglan, C Iyer, A Jones, L Jovanovic, I Komashko, A Landen, O Liao, Z Molander, W Mitchell, S Moses, E Nielsen, N Nguyen, HH Nissen, J Payne, S Pennington, D Risinger, L Rushford, M Skulina, K Spaeth, M Stuart, B Tietbohl, G Wattellier, B AF Barty, CPJ Key, M Britten, J Beach, R Beer, G Brown, C Bryan, S Caird, J Carlson, T Crane, J Dawson, J Erlandson, AC Fittinghoff, D Hermann, M Hoaglan, C Iyer, A Jones, L Jovanovic, I Komashko, A Landen, O Liao, Z Molander, W Mitchell, S Moses, E Nielsen, N Nguyen, HH Nissen, J Payne, S Pennington, D Risinger, L Rushford, M Skulina, K Spaeth, M Stuart, B Tietbohl, G Wattellier, B TI An overview of LLNL high-energy short-pulse technology for advanced radiography of laser fusion experiments SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION GRATINGS; PETAWATT LASER AB The technical challenges and motivations for high-energy, short-pulse generation with the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and possibly other large-scale Nd : glass lasers are reviewed. High-energy short-pulse generation (multi-kilojoule, picosecond pulses) will be possible via the adaptation of chirped pulse amplification laser techniques on NIF. Development of metre-scale, high-efficiency, high-damage-threshold final optics is a key technical challenge. In addition, deployment of high energy petawatt (HEPW) pulses on NIF is constrained by existing laser infrastructure and requires new, compact compressor designs and short-pulse, fibre-based, seed-laser systems. The key motivations for HEPW pulses on NIF is briefly outlined and includes high-energy, x-ray radiography, proton beam radiography, proton isochoric heating and tests of the fast ignitor concept for inertial confinement fusion. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barty, CPJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Code L-470,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM barty1@llnl.gov RI Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 18 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 23 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S266 EP S275 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88687-3 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S18 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900019 ER PT J AU Glenzer, SH Arnold, P Bardsley, G Berger, RL Bonanno, G Borger, T Bower, DE Bowers, M Bryant, R Buckman, S Burkhart, SC Campbell, K Chrisp, MP Cohen, BI Constantin, C Cooper, F Cox, J Dewald, E Divol, L Dixit, S Duncan, J Eder, D Edwards, J Erbert, G Felker, B Fornes, J Frieders, G Froula, DH Gardner, SD Gates, C Gonzalez, M Grace, S Gregori, G Greenwood, A Griffith, R Hall, T Hammel, BA Haynam, C Heestand, G Henesian, M Hermes, G Hinkel, D Holder, J Holdner, F Holtmeier, G Hsing, W Huber, S James, T Johnson, S Jones, OS Kalantar, D Kamperschroer, JH Kauffman, R Kelleher, T Knight, J Kirkwood, RK Kruer, WL Labiak, W Landen, OL Langdon, AB Langer, S Latray, D Lee, A Lee, FD Lund, D MacGowan, B Marshall, S McBride, J McCarville, T McGrew, L Mackinnon, AJ Mahavandi, S Manes, K Marshall, C Menapace, J Mertens, E Meezan, N Miller, G Montelongo, S Moody, JD Moses, E Munro, D Murray, J Neumann, J Newton, M Niemann, C Nikitin, A Opsahl, P Padilla, E Parham, T Parrish, G Petty, C Polk, M Powell, C Reinbachs, I Rekow, V Rinnert, R Riordan, B Rhodes, M Roberts, V Robey, H Ross, G Sailors, S Saunders, R Schmitt, M Schneider, MB Shiromizu, S Spaeth, M Stephens, A Still, B Suter, LJ Tietbohl, G Tobin, M Tuck, J Van Wonterghem, BM Vidal, R Voloshin, D Wallace, R Wegner, P Whitman, P Williams, EA Williams, K Winward, K Work, K Young, B Young, PE Zapata, P Bahr, RE Seka, W Fernandez, J Montgomery, D Rose, H AF Glenzer, SH Arnold, P Bardsley, G Berger, RL Bonanno, G Borger, T Bower, DE Bowers, M Bryant, R Buckman, S Burkhart, SC Campbell, K Chrisp, MP Cohen, BI Constantin, C Cooper, F Cox, J Dewald, E Divol, L Dixit, S Duncan, J Eder, D Edwards, J Erbert, G Felker, B Fornes, J Frieders, G Froula, DH Gardner, SD Gates, C Gonzalez, M Grace, S Gregori, G Greenwood, A Griffith, R Hall, T Hammel, BA Haynam, C Heestand, G Henesian, M Hermes, G Hinkel, D Holder, J Holdner, F Holtmeier, G Hsing, W Huber, S James, T Johnson, S Jones, OS Kalantar, D Kamperschroer, JH Kauffman, R Kelleher, T Knight, J Kirkwood, RK Kruer, WL Labiak, W Landen, OL Langdon, AB Langer, S Latray, D Lee, A Lee, FD Lund, D MacGowan, B Marshall, S McBride, J McCarville, T McGrew, L Mackinnon, AJ Mahavandi, S Manes, K Marshall, C Menapace, J Mertens, E Meezan, N Miller, G Montelongo, S Moody, JD Moses, E Munro, D Murray, J Neumann, J Newton, M Niemann, C Nikitin, A Opsahl, P Padilla, E Parham, T Parrish, G Petty, C Polk, M Powell, C Reinbachs, I Rekow, V Rinnert, R Riordan, B Rhodes, M Roberts, V Robey, H Ross, G Sailors, S Saunders, R Schmitt, M Schneider, MB Shiromizu, S Spaeth, M Stephens, A Still, B Suter, LJ Tietbohl, G Tobin, M Tuck, J Van Wonterghem, BM Vidal, R Voloshin, D Wallace, R Wegner, P Whitman, P Williams, EA Williams, K Winward, K Work, K Young, B Young, PE Zapata, P Bahr, RE Seka, W Fernandez, J Montgomery, D Rose, H TI Progress in long scale length laser-plasma interactions SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; PHYSICS BASIS; DRIVEN; TARGETS; FUSION; WAVES; GAIN AB The first experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have employed the first four beams to measure propagation and laser backscattering losses in large ignition-size plasmas. Gas-filled targets between 2 and 7 mm length have been heated from one side by overlapping the focal spots of the four beams from one quad operated at 351 nm (3omega) with a total intensity of 2 x 10(15) W cm(-2). The targets were filled with 1 atm Of CO2 producing up to 7 mm long homogeneously heated plasmas with densities of n(e) = 6 x 10(20) cm(-3) and temperatures of T-e = 2 keV. The high energy in an NIF quad of beams of 16kJ, illuminating the target from one direction, creates unique conditions for the study of laser-plasma interactions at scale lengths not previously accessible. The propagation through the large-scale plasma was measured with a gated x-ray imager that was filtered for 3.5 keV x-rays. These data indicate that the beams interact with the full length of this ignition-scale plasma during the last similar to1 ns of the experiment. During that time, the full aperture measurements of the stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering show scattering into the four focusing lenses of 3% for the smallest length (similar to2 mm), increasing to 10-12% for similar to7 mm. These results demonstrate the NIF experimental capabilities and further provide a benchmark for three-dimensional modelling of the laser-plasma interactions at ignition-size scale lengths. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-399, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 13 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S185 EP S190 AR PII S0029-5515(04)86276-8 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S08 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900009 ER PT J AU Goodin, DT Alexander, NB Brown, LC Frey, DT Gallix, R Gibson, CR Maxwell, JL Nobile, A Olson, C Petzoldt, RW Raffray, R Rochau, G Schroen, DG Tillack, M Rickman, WS Vermillion, B AF Goodin, DT Alexander, NB Brown, LC Frey, DT Gallix, R Gibson, CR Maxwell, JL Nobile, A Olson, C Petzoldt, RW Raffray, R Rochau, G Schroen, DG Tillack, M Rickman, WS Vermillion, B TI A cost-effective target supply for inertial fusion energy SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CRYOGENIC TARGETS; HEAVY-ION; INJECTION; FABRICATION; REACTOR; WALL AB A central feature of an inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant is a target that has been compressed and heated to fusion conditions by the energy input of the driver. This is true whether the driver is a laser system, heavy ion beams or Z-pinch system. The IFE target fabrication, injection and tracking programmes are focusing on methods that will scale to mass production. We are working closely with target designers, and power plant systems specialists, to make specifications and material selections that will satisfy a wide range of required and desirable target characteristics. One-of-a-kind capsules produced for today's inertial confinement fusion experiments are estimated to cost about US$2500 each. Design studies of cost-effective power production from laser and heavy-ion driven IFE have suggested a cost goal of about $0.25-0.30 for each injected target (corresponding to similar to10% of the 'electricity value' in a target). While a four orders of magnitude cost reduction may seem at first to be nearly impossible, there are many factors that suggest this is achievable. This paper summarizes the design, specifications, requirements and proposed manufacturing processes for the future for laser fusion, heavy ion fusion and Z-pinch driven targets. These target manufacturing processes have been developed-and are proposed-based on the unique materials science and technology programmes that are ongoing for each of the target concepts. We describe the paradigm shifts in target manufacturing methodologies that will be needed to achieve orders of magnitude reductions in target costs, and summarize the results of 'nth-of-a-kind' plant layouts and cost estimates for future IFE power plant fuelling. These engineering studies estimate the cost of the target supply in a fusion economy, and show that costs are within the range of commercial feasibility for electricity production. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Schafer Corp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. TSD Management Associates, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA. RP Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S254 EP S265 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88685-X DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S17 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900018 ER PT J AU Haan, SW Amendt, PA Dittrich, TR Hammel, BA Hatchett, SP Herrmann, MC Hurricane, OA Jones, OS Lindl, JD Marinak, MM Munro, D Pollaine, SM Salmonson, JD Strobel, GL Suter, LJ AF Haan, SW Amendt, PA Dittrich, TR Hammel, BA Hatchett, SP Herrmann, MC Hurricane, OA Jones, OS Lindl, JD Marinak, MM Munro, D Pollaine, SM Salmonson, JD Strobel, GL Suter, LJ TI Design and simulations of indirect drive ignition targets for NIF SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID HYDRA SIMULATIONS; FACILITY TARGETS; CAPSULE DESIGNS; PHYSICS AB Studies on simulation and design of ignition targets for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are described. Recent effort has emphasized the systematic exploration of the parameter space of possible ignition targets, providing comparisons as specific as possible between the various targets. This study aims at providing guidance for target fabrication R&D, and for other elements of the ignition program. Targets are being considered that span 250350 eV drive temperatures, capsule energies from 150 to 600 U, cocktail and gold hohlraum spectra, and three ablator materials (Be[Cu], CH[Ge] and polyimide). Capsules with graded doped beryllium ablators are found to be very stable with respect to short-wavelength Rayleigh-Taylor growth. Sensitivity to ablator roughness, ice roughness and asymmetry is being explored, as it depends on ablator material, drive temperature and absorbed energy. Three-dimensional simulations are being used to ensure adequate radiation symmetry in three dimensions (3D), and to ensure that coupling of 3D asymmetry and 3D Rayleigh-Taylor does not adversely affect planned performance. Integrated 3D hohlraum simulations indicate that 3D features in the laser illumination pattern affect the hohlraums' performance, and the hohlraum has been redesigned to accommodate these effects. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Haan, SW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM haan1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 14 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S171 EP S176 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88467-9 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S06 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900007 ER PT J AU Koenig, M Henry, E Huser, G Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Faral, B Martinolli, E Lepape, S Vinci, T Batani, D Tomasini, M Telaro, B Loubeyre, P Hall, T Celliers, P Collins, G DaSilva, L Cauble, R Hicks, D Bradley, D MacKinnon, A Patel, P Eggert, J Pasley, J Willi, O Neely, A Notley, M Danson, C Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Boehly, T Lee, K AF Koenig, M Henry, E Huser, G Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Faral, B Martinolli, E Lepape, S Vinci, T Batani, D Tomasini, M Telaro, B Loubeyre, P Hall, T Celliers, P Collins, G DaSilva, L Cauble, R Hicks, D Bradley, D MacKinnon, A Patel, P Eggert, J Pasley, J Willi, O Neely, A Notley, M Danson, C Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Boehly, T Lee, K TI High pressures generated by laser driven shocks: applications to planetary physics SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; EARTHS CORE; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; MELTING CURVE; IRON; SOLIDS; WATER; TEMPERATURES; DEUTERIUM; PLASMA AB High power lasers are a tool that can be used to determine important parameters in the context of Warm Dense Matter, i.e. at the convergence of low-temperature plasma physics and finite-temperature condensed matter physics. Recent results concerning planet inner core materials such as water and iron are presented. We determined the equation of state, temperature and index of refraction of water for pressures up to 7 Mbar. The release state of iron in a LiF window allowed us to investigate the melting temperature near the inner core boundary conditions. Finally, the first application of proton radiography to the study of shocked material is also discussed. C1 Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CNRS,UMR7605,CEA, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, I-20126 Milan, Italy. INFM, I-20126 Milan, Italy. CEA, DRIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Univ Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Koenig, M (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CNRS,UMR7605,CEA, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EM michel.koenig@polytechnique.fr RI Koenig, Michel/A-2167-2012; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Brennan, Patricia/N-3922-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 11 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S208 EP S214 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88117-1 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S11 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900012 ER PT J AU Miller, GH Moses, EI Wuest, CR AF Miller, GH Moses, EI Wuest, CR TI The National Ignition Facility: enabling fusion ignition for the 21st century SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID LASER-SYSTEM; WAVE-FRONT; FREQUENCY-CONVERSION; FUSED-SILICA; POCKELS CELL; NIF; DESIGN; OPTICS; DAMAGE; PERFORMANCE AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, when completed in 2008, will contain a 192-beam, 1.8MJ, 500TW, ultraviolet laser system together with a 10m diameter target chamber and room for 100 diagnostics. NIF is housed in a 26000m(2) environmentally controlled building and is the world's largest and most energetic laser experimental system. NIF provides a scientific centre for the study of inertial confinement fusion and the physics of matter at extreme energy densities and pressures. NIF's energetic laser beams will compress fusion targets to conditions required for thermonuclear burn, liberating more energy than required to initiate the fusion reactions. Other NIF experiments will study physical processes at temperatures and pressures approaching 10(8) K and 10(11) bar, respectively, conditions that exist naturally only in the interior of stars and planets. NIF is currently configured with four laser beams activated in late 2002. These beams are being regularly used for laser performance and physics experiments, and to date nearly 250 system shots have been conducted. NIF's laser beams have generated 106 kJ in 23 ns pulses of infrared light and over 16 kJ in 3.5 ns pulses at the third harmonic (351 nm). A number of target experimental systems are being commissioned in support of experimental campaigns. This paper provides a detailed look at the NIF laser systems, laser and optical performance, and results from laser commissioning shots. We also discuss NIF's high-energy density and inertial fusion experimental capabilities, the first experiments on NIF, and plans for future capabilities of this unique facility. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Miller, GH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-466, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 62 TC 159 Z9 163 U1 8 U2 39 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S228 EP S238 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88517-X DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S14 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900015 ER PT J AU Sharp, WM Callahan, DA Tabak, M Yu, SS Peterson, PF Rose, DV Welch, DR AF Sharp, WM Callahan, DA Tabak, M Yu, SS Peterson, PF Rose, DV Welch, DR TI Chamber-transport simulation results for heavy-ion fusion drivers SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; TARGET; BEAMS AB The heavy-ion fusion community recently developed a power-plant design that meets the various requirements of accelerators, final focus, chamber transport and targets. The point design is intended to minimize physics risk and is certainly not optimal for the cost of electricity. Recent chamber-transport simulations, however, indicate that changes in the beam ion species, the convergence angle and the emittance might allow more-economical designs. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. RP Sharp, WM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S221 EP S227 AR PII S0029-5515(04)87949-3 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S13 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900014 ER PT J AU Suter, LJ Glenzer, S Haan, S Hammel, B Manes, K Meezan, N Moody, J Spaeth, M Oades, K Stevenson, M AF Suter, LJ Glenzer, S Haan, S Hammel, B Manes, K Meezan, N Moody, J Spaeth, M Oades, K Stevenson, M TI A summary of explorations into the use of green light for high-gain, high-yield experiments on the National Ignition Facility SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ND-GLASS LASER; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; PLASMA; TARGETS; DESIGN AB For several years we have been exploring the possibility of using green (2omega) light for indirect drive ignition on National Ignition Facility (NIF). This paper is a comprehensive review of our progress in this investigation and was the subject of a Teller lecture when one of the authors (LJS) was honoured with the Edward Teller Medal at the IFSA03 conference on September 12th, 2003, at Monterey, CA. While much of the work presented here has been previously published (Suter L.J. et al 2004 Phys. Plasmas 112738) and is included for completeness of the review, this paper also includes new research examining the possibility of higher temperature (300 eV) ignition hohlraums driven by green light (section 7). C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Atom Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, England. RP Suter, LJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 12 BP S140 EP S148 AR PII S0029-5515(04)88252-8 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/S04 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885SJ UT WOS:000226176900005 ER PT J AU Kim, JG Dardin, SM Kadel, RW Kadyk, JA Peskov, V Wenzel, WA AF Kim, JG Dardin, SM Kadel, RW Kadyk, JA Peskov, V Wenzel, WA TI Electron avalanches in liquid argon mixtures SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE liquid argon; xenon; avalanche; mobility; ionization ID XENON; IONIZATION; EMISSION; CHAMBER; LIGHT; FIELD AB We have observed stable avalanche gain in liquid argon when mixed with small amounts of xenon (xe) in the high electric field (> 7 MV/cm) near the point of a chemically etched needle in a point-plane geometry. We identify two gain mechanisms, one pressure dependent, and the other independent of the applied pressure. We conclude that the pressure dependent signals are from avalanche gain in gas bubbles at the tip of the needle, while the pressure-independent pulses are from avalanche gain in liquid. We measure the decay time spectra of photons from both types of avalanches. The decay times from the pressure-dependent pulses decrease (increase) with the applied pressure (high voltage), while the decay times from the pressure-independent pulses are approximately independent of pressure or high voltage. For our operating conditions, the collected charge distribution from avalanches is similar for 60 or 122 keV photon sources. With krypton additives, instead of Xe, we measure behavior consistent with only the pressure-dependent pulses. Neon and TMS were also investigated as additives, and designs for practical detectors were tested. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Kadel, RW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rwkadel@lbl.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 534 IS 3 BP 376 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.136 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 873YG UT WOS:000225317000003 ER PT J AU Batarin, V Butter, J Chen, T Davidenko, AM Derevschikov, AA Goncharenko, Y Grishin, V Kachanov, V Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, V Kormilitsin, V Kubota, Y Matulenko, Y Medvedev, V Melnick, Y Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Mochalov, V Morozov, DA Nogach, L Ryazantsev, AV Semenov, P Semenov, V Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Stone, S Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J AF Batarin, V Butter, J Chen, T Davidenko, AM Derevschikov, AA Goncharenko, Y Grishin, V Kachanov, V Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, V Kormilitsin, V Kubota, Y Matulenko, Y Medvedev, V Melnick, Y Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Mochalov, V Morozov, DA Nogach, L Ryazantsev, AV Semenov, P Semenov, V Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Stone, S Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J TI LED monitoring system for the BTeV lead tungstate crystal calorimeter prototype SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE light emitting diode; monitoring system; stability; calorimeter; scintillating crystal ID ENERGY AB We report on the performance of a monitoring system for a prototype calorimeter for the BTeV experiment that uses lead tungstate crystals coupled with photomultiplier tubes. The tests were carried out at the 70-GeV accelerator complex at Protvino, Russia. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Expt Phys Dept, Protvino 142281, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Nanjing Univ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Ryazantsev, AV (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Expt Phys Dept, Protvino 142281, Russia. EM ryazantsev@mx.ihep.su RI Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 NR 7 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 534 IS 3 BP 486 EP 495 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.161 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 873YG UT WOS:000225317000008 ER PT J AU Norman, EB Prussin, SG Larimer, RM Shugart, H Browne, E Smith, AR McDonald, RJ Nitsche, H Gupta, P Frank, MI Gosnell, TB AF Norman, EB Prussin, SG Larimer, RM Shugart, H Browne, E Smith, AR McDonald, RJ Nitsche, H Gupta, P Frank, MI Gosnell, TB TI Response to a comment on "Signatures of fissille materials: high-energy gamma-rays following fission" by Zeev B. Alfassi SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Secur Int Cooperat & Arms Control Directorat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Norman, EB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS50-208, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ebnorman@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 534 IS 3 BP 577 EP 577 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.138 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 873YG UT WOS:000225317000017 ER PT J AU Watson, PR Loveland, W Zielinski, PM Gregorich, KE Nitsche, H AF Watson, PR Loveland, W Zielinski, PM Gregorich, KE Nitsche, H TI Changes in surface composition and morphology of UF4 targets during heavy ion irradiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE ion-induced changes; nuclear reaction targets; atomic force microscopy; uranium tetrafluoride ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MICROSCOPY AB The changes in surface composition and morphology have been measured for UF4 targets subjected to high dose irradiation (5 x 10(18) ions) with similar to195MeV Cl-37 (similar to5.3AMeV). Using atomic force microscopy and an electron microprobe, we observed significant morphological changes in the targets along with changes in chemical composition. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Radiat Ctr 100, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Loveland, W (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Radiat Ctr 100, 3541 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM lovelanw@onid.orst.edu NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD DEC PY 2004 VL 226 IS 4 BP 543 EP 548 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.08.019 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 875HX UT WOS:000225412100008 ER PT J AU Hall, LJ Oliver, S AF Hall, LJ Oliver, S TI Why are neutrinos light? - An alternative SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Seminar on Neutrino Mass and Seesaw Mechanism CY FEB 23-25, 2004 CL Kek, JAPAN SP Fujihara ID BROKEN LEPTON NUMBER; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; OSCILLATIONS; MASSES AB We review the recent proposal that neutrinos are light because their masses are proportional to a low scale, f, of lepton flavor symmetry breaking. This mechanism is testable because the resulting pseudo-Goldstone bosons, of mass m(G), couple strongly with the neutrinos, affecting the acoustic oscillations during the eV era of the early universe that generate the peaks in the CMB radiation. Characteristic signals result over a very wide range Of (f, m(G)) because of a change in the total relativistic energy density and because the neutrinos scatter rather than free-stream. Thermodynamics allows a precise calculation of the signal, so that observations would not only confirm the late-time neutrino mass mechanism, but could also determine whether the neutrino spectrum is degenerate, inverted or hierarchical and whether the neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana. The flavor symmetries could also give light sterile states. If the masses of the sterile neutrinos turn on after the MeV era, the LSND oscillations can be explained without upsetting big bang nucleosynthesis, and, since the sterile states decay to lighter neutrinos and pseudo-Goldstones, without giving too much hot dark matter. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hall, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 137 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.10.076 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 895KG UT WOS:000226859500023 ER PT J AU Hesketh, K Schlosser, G Porsch, DF Wolf, T Koberl, O Lance, B Chawla, R Gehin, JC Ellis, R Uchikawa, S Sato, O Okubo, T Mineo, H Yamamoto, T Sagayama, Y Sartori, E AF Hesketh, K Schlosser, G Porsch, DF Wolf, T Koberl, O Lance, B Chawla, R Gehin, JC Ellis, R Uchikawa, S Sato, O Okubo, T Mineo, H Yamamoto, T Sagayama, Y Sartori, E TI Plutonium management in the medium term SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE plutonium management; MOX mixed-oxide fuel; OECD/NEA AB For many years various countries with access to commercial reprocessing services have been routinely recycling plutonium as UO2/PuO2 mixed oxide (MOX) fuel in light water reactors (LWRs). This LWR MOX recycle strategy is still widely regarded as an interim step leading to the eventual establishment of sustainable fast reactor fuel cycles. The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) has recently completed a review of the technical options for plutonium management in what it refers to as the "medium term." For the purpose of the review, the WPPR considers the medium term to cover the period from now up to the point at which fast reactor fuel cycles are established on a commercial scale. The review identified a number of different designs of innovative plutonium fuel assemblies intended to be used in current LWR cores, in LWRs with significantly different moderation properties, as well as in high-temperature gas reactors. The full review report describes these various options and highlights their respective advantages and disadvantages. This paper briefly summarizes the main findings of the review. C1 BNFL, Nucl Sci Serv, Preston PR4 0XJ, Lancs, England. Framatome ANP, Tour AREVA, F-92084 Paris, France. CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, Bouches Rhone, France. Belgonucleaire, Brussels, Belgium. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Kashiwa, Chiba 2770842, Japan. Nucl Power Engn Corp, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1050001, Japan. Japan Nucl Cycle Dev Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191184, Japan. Org Econ Cooperat & Dev, F-75775 Paris 16, France. BNFL, Technol Serv, Preston PR4 OXJ, Lancs, England. RP Hesketh, K (reprint author), BNFL, Nucl Sci Serv, B709 Springfields, Preston PR4 0XJ, Lancs, England. EM Kevin.W.Hesketh@bnfl.com RI Gehin, Jess/E-2560-2011; OI Gehin, Jess/0000-0001-8337-9551; Ellis, Ronald/0000-0002-2800-2644 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 148 IS 3 BP 244 EP 258 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 879DZ UT WOS:000225697900003 ER PT J AU Cho, JS Suh, KY Chung, CH Park, RJ Kim, SB AF Cho, JS Suh, KY Chung, CH Park, RJ Kim, SB TI Enhanced natural convection in a metal layer cooled by boiling water SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE natural convection; metal pool; severe accident ID VESSEL LOWER PLENA; BENARD CONVECTION; INTEGRAL ANALYSIS; SEVERE ACCIDENT; HEAT-TRANSFER AB An experimental study is performed to investigate the natural convection heat transfer characteristics and the solidification of the molten metal pool concurrently with forced convective boiling of the overlying coolant to simulate a severe accident in a nuclear power plant. The relationship between the Nusselt number (Nu) and the Rayleigh number (Ra) in the molten metal pool region is determined and compared with the correlations in the literature and experimental data with subcooled water. Given the same Ra condition, the present experimental results for Nu of the liquid metal pool with coolant boiling are found to be higher than those predicted by the existing correlations or measured from the experiment with subcooled boiling. To quantify the observed effect of the external cooling on the natural convection heat transfer rate from the molten pool, it is proposed to include an additional dimensionless group characterizing the temperature gradients in the molten pool and in the external coolant region. Starting from the Globe and Dropkin correlation, engineering correlations are developed for the enhancement of heat transfer in the molten metal pool when cooled by an overlying coolant. The new correlations for predicting natural convection heat transfer are applicable to low-Prandtl-number (Pr) materials that are heated from below and solidified by the external coolant above. Results from this study may be used to modify the current model in severe accident analysis codes. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305353, South Korea. RP Cho, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chojs@ornl.gov NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 148 IS 3 BP 313 EP 324 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 879DZ UT WOS:000225697900008 ER PT J AU Joshi, T Chen, Y Becker, JM Alexandrov, N Xu, D AF Joshi, T Chen, Y Becker, JM Alexandrov, N Xu, D TI Genome-scale gene function prediction using multiple sources of high-throughput data in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SEQUENCES; COMPLEXES; PROFILES; ONTOLOGY AB Characterizing gene function is one of the major challenging tasks in the post-genomic era. To address this challenge, we have developed GeneFAS (Gene Function Annotation System), a new integrated probabilistic method for cellular function prediction by combining information from protein-protein interactions, protein complexes, microarray gene expression profiles, and annotations of known proteins through an integrative statistical model. Our approach is based on a novel assessment for the relationship between (1) the interaction/correlation of two proteins' high-throughput data and (2) their functional relationship in terms of their Gene Ontology (GO) hierarchy. We have developed a Web server for the predictions. We have applied our method to yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and predicted functions for 1548 out of 2472 unannotated proteins. C1 Univ Missouri, Comp Sci Lab, Digital Biol Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. UT ORNL, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem, Knoxville, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. Ceres Inc, Malibu, CA USA. RP Xu, D (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Comp Sci Lab, Digital Biol Lab, 201 Engn Bldg W, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM xudong@missouri.edu NR 27 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD WIN PY 2004 VL 8 IS 4 BP 322 EP 333 DI 10.1089/omi.2004.8.322 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 899KX UT WOS:000227144400004 PM 15703479 ER PT J AU Murray, JR Soures, JM AF Murray, JR Soures, JM TI Fusion laser engineering SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil Project, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Natl Laser Users Facil, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Murray, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil Project, POB 808 L-462, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jrmurray65@alum.mit.edu; jsou@lle.rochester.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2839 EP 2840 DI 10.1117/1.1829715 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600006 ER PT J AU Miller, GH Moses, EI Wuest, CR AF Miller, GH Moses, EI Wuest, CR TI The National Ignition Facility SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE high-energy-density physics; inertial confinement fusion; laboratory astrophysics; solid-state lasers ID LASER-SYSTEM; WAVE-FRONT; FREQUENCY-CONVERSION; FUSED-SILICA; POCKELS CELL; NIF; OPTICS; DAMAGE; PERFORMANCE; FABRICATION AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a stadium-sized facility that, when completed in 2008, will contain a 192-beam, 1.8-megajoule, 500-teraviatt. ultraviolet laser system together with a 10-m-diam target chamber and room for 100 diagnostics. NIF is the world's largest and most energetic laser experimental system and will provide a scientific center to study inertial confinement fusion and matter at extreme energy densities and pressures. NIF's energetic laser beams will compress fusion targets to conditions required for thermonuclear burn, liberating more energy than required to initiate the fusion reactions. Other NIF experiments will study physical processes at temperatures approaching 10(8) K and 10(11) bar, conditions that exist naturally only in the interior of stars and planets. NIF has completed the first phases of its laser commissioning program. The first four beams of NIF have generated 106 W in 23-ns pulses of infrared light and over 16 kJ in 3.5-ns pulses at the third harmonic (351 nm). NIF's target experimental systems are being commissioned and experiments have begun. This work provides a detailed look at the NIF laser systems, laser and optical performance. and results from recent laser commissioning shots. We follow this with a discussion of NIFs high-energy-density and inertial fusion experimental capabilities. the first experiments on NIF, and plans for future capabilities of this unique facility. 0 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-466, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 60 TC 164 Z9 174 U1 5 U2 28 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2841 EP 2853 DI 10.1117/1.1814787 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600007 ER PT J AU Spaeth, ML Manes, KR Widmayer, CC Williams, WH Whitman, PK Henesian, MA Stowers, IF Honig, J AF Spaeth, ML Manes, KR Widmayer, CC Williams, WH Whitman, PK Henesian, MA Stowers, IF Honig, J TI National Ignition Facility wavefront requirements and optical architecture SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE solid-state lasers; fusion lasers ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT FUSION; BASIC FOCAL SPOT; LASER SYSTEMS; PERFORMANCE; PROPAGATION; PULSES AB With the first four of its eventual 192 beams now executing shots and generating more than 100 kJ of laser energy at its primary wavelength of 1.06 mum, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is already the world's largest and most energetic laser. The optical system performance requirements that are in place for NIF are derived from the goals of the missions it is designed to serve. These missions include inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research and the study of matter at extreme energy densities and pressures. These mission requirements have led to a design strategy for achieving high-quality focusable energy and power from the laser and to specifications on optics that are important for an ICF laser. The design of NIF utilizes a multipass architecture with a single large amplifier type that provides high gain, high extraction efficiency, and high packing density. We have taken a systems engineering approach to the practical implementation of this design that specifies the wavefront parameters of individual optics to achieve the desired cumulative performance of the laser beamline. This paper provides a detailed look at the causes and effects of performance degradation in large laser systems and how NIF has been designed to overcome these effects. We also present results of spot size performance measurements that have validated many of the early design decisions that have been incorporated in the NIF laser architecture. (C) 2004 society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Spaeth, ML (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-466, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Whitman, Pamela/B-2336-2013 NR 26 TC 40 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 18 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2854 EP 2865 DI 10.1117/1.1815332 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600008 ER PT J AU Bonanno, RE AF Bonanno, RE TI Assembling and installing line-replaceable units for the National Ignition Facility SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE National Ignition Facility; line-replaceable units; beamlines; optomechanical system AB Within the 192 National Ignition Facility (NIF) beamlines, there are more than 7000 large (40 x 40 cm) optical components, including laser glass, mirrors, lenses, and polarizers. These optics are held in large optomechanical assemblies called line-replaceable units (LRUs). Each LRU has strict specifications with respect to cleanliness, alignment, and wavefront so that once activated, each NIF beamline will meet its performance requirements. NIF LRUs are assembled, tested, and refurbished in on-site cleanroom facilities. The assembled LRUs weigh up to 1800 kg, and are about the size of a phone booth. They are transported in portable clean "canisters" and inserted into the NIF beampath using robotic transporters. This plug-and-play design allows LRUs to be easily removed from the beampath for maintenance or upgrades. Commissioning of the first NIF quad, an activity known as NIF Early Light (NEL), has validated LRU designs and architecture, as well as demonstrated that LRUs can be assembled and installed as designed. Furthermore, it has served to develop key processes and tools forming the foundation for NIF's long-term LRU production and maintenance strategy. As we look forward to building out the rest of NIF, the challenge lies in scaling up the production rate while maintaining quality, implementing process improvements, and fully leveraging the learning and experience gained from NEL. This work provides an overview of the facilities, equipment, and processes used to assemble and install LRUs in NIF (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bonanno, RE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-466, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2866 EP 2872 DI 10.1117/1.1815321 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600009 ER PT J AU Zacharias, RA Beer, NR Bliss, ES Burkhart, SC Cohen, SJ Sutton, SB Van Atta, RL Winters, SE Salmon, JT Latta, MR Stolz, CJ Pigg, DC Arnold, TJ AF Zacharias, RA Beer, NR Bliss, ES Burkhart, SC Cohen, SJ Sutton, SB Van Atta, RL Winters, SE Salmon, JT Latta, MR Stolz, CJ Pigg, DC Arnold, TJ TI Alignment and wavefront control systems of the National Ignition Facility SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE wavefront control; wavefront correction; adaptive optics; laser alignment; alignment systems; high power lasers ID LASER; NIF AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a stadium-sized facility containing a 192-beam Nd glass laser. Its 1.053-mum output is frequency converted to produce 1.8-MJ, 500-TW pulses in the ultraviolet. Refer to the companion overview articles in this issue for more information. High-energy-density and inertial confinement fusion physics experiments require the ability to precisely align and focus pulses with single-beam energy up to 20 KJ and durations of a few nanoseconds onto millimeter-sized targets. NIF's alignment control system now regularly provides automatic alignment of the four commissioned beams prior to every NIF shot in approximately 45 min, and speed improvements are being implemented. NIF utilizes adaptive optics for wavefront control, which significantly improves the ability to tightly focus each laser beam onto a target. Multiple sources of both static and dynamic aberration are corrected. This article provides an overview of the NIF automatic alignment and wavefront control systems, and provides data to show that the facility is expected to meet its primary requirements to position beams on the target with an accuracy of 50 mum rms over the 192 beams and to focus the pulses into a 600-mum spot. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Johnson Controls Inc, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zacharias, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM zacharias1@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 52 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2873 EP 2884 DI 10.1117/1.1615331 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600010 ER PT J AU Shaw, M Williams, W House, R Haynam, C AF Shaw, M Williams, W House, R Haynam, C TI Laser performance operations model SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE solid-state lasers; fusion; controls; feedback; modeling ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB The laser performance operations model (LPOM) is developed to provide real-time predictive capabilities for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. LPOk uses diagnostic feedback from previous NIF shots to maintain accurate energetics models for each of the 192 NIF beamlines (utilizing one CPU per laser beamline). This model is used to determine the system setpoints (initial power, waveplate attenuations, laser diagnostic settings) required for all requested NIF shots. In addition, LPOM employs Optical damage models to minimize the probability that a proposed shot may damage the system. LPOM provides postshot diagnostic reporting to support the NIF community. LPOM was deployed prior to the first main laser Awls in NIF, and has since been used to set up every shot in NIFs first quad (four beamlines). Real-time adjustments of the code energetics parameters allow the LPOM to predict total energies within 5%. and provide energy balance within the four beamlines to within 2% for shots varying from 0.5 to 26 kJ (1.053 mum) per beamline. The LPOM has been a crucial tool in the commissioning of the first quad of NIF. (C) 2004 Society Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Shaw, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM shaw7@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2885 EP 2895 DI 10.1117/1.1815004 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600011 ER PT J AU Ermolaeva, GM Eron'yan, MA Dukel'skii, KV Komarov, AV Kondratev, YN Serkov, MM Tolstoy, MN Shilov, VB Shevandin, VS Powell, HT Thompson, CE AF Ermolaeva, GM Eron'yan, MA Dukel'skii, KV Komarov, AV Kondratev, YN Serkov, MM Tolstoy, MN Shilov, VB Shevandin, VS Powell, HT Thompson, CE TI Low-dispersion optical fiber highly transparent in the UV spectral range SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE large-core fibers; subnanosecond pulse; National Ignition Facility; low-dispersion optical fiber ID FORMATION MECHANISM; SILICA; ATTENUATION; BANDWIDTH; GLASS AB The National Ignition Facility performs fusion experiments using ultraviolet (351 nm) light. High-bandwidth, low-attenuation optical fibers are required to transport subnanosecond, UV laser diagnostic signals from the target chamber area to recording instruments located in adjacent rooms, with some fiber runs approximately 65 m in length. Special optical fibers are developed and fabricated to perform this task, since no existing commercially available fibers possess all of the required characteristics. These large-core (435 mum) fibers have optical dispersions less than 0.9 psec/m and attenuations less than 150 dB/km at 351 nm. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 SI Vavilov State Opt Inst, St Petersburg 193171, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ermolaeva, GM (reprint author), SI Vavilov State Opt Inst, Babushkina St 36-1, St Petersburg 193171, Russia. EM vipspb@online.ru RI Dukel'skii, Konstantin/N-1523-2014 OI Dukel'skii, Konstantin/0000-0002-1627-7499 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2896 EP 2903 DI 10.1117/1.1814766 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600012 ER PT J AU Honig, J AF Honig, J TI Cleanliness improvements of National Ignition Facility amplifiers as compared to previous large-scale lasers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE National Ignition Facility; large-scale laser; cleanliness ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; OBSCURATIONS; PERFORMANCE; IMAGES AB Prior to the recent commissioning of the first National Ignition Facility (NIF) beamline, full-scale laser-amplifier-glass cleanliness experiments are performed. Aerosol measurements and obscuration data acquired using a modified flatbed scanner compare favorably to historical large-scale lasers and indicate that NIF is the cleanest large-scale laser built to date. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Honig, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2904 EP 2911 DI 10.1117/1.1815320 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600013 ER PT J AU Chan, HY Sari-Sarraf, H Grinstead, BI Gleason, SS AF Chan, HY Sari-Sarraf, H Grinstead, BI Gleason, SS TI Content-based compression of mammograms with fractal-based segmentation and a modified JPEG2000 SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE content-based compression; mammograms; JPEG2000; fractal-based segmentation; region-of-interest coding ID IMAGE COMPRESSION AB We describe a strategy for the content-based compression of mammograms. In this two-step strategy, the clinically important structures are first identified via a fractal-based segmentation method. Then, a modified version of JPEG2000 is applied in such a way that lossless compression is applied to the extracted structures from the first step, while a lossy compression is applied to the remaining regions. Preliminary results demonstrate that this strategy can achieve high compression ratios (up to 50:1) without compromising the diagnostic quality of the mammograms. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM surene.chan@ttu.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2986 EP 2993 DI 10.1117/1.1810529 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600022 ER PT J AU Soufli, R Spiller, E Schmidt, MA Robinson, JC Baker, SL Ratti, S Johnson, MA Gullikson, EM AF Soufli, R Spiller, E Schmidt, MA Robinson, JC Baker, SL Ratti, S Johnson, MA Gullikson, EM TI Smoothing of diamond-turned substrates for extreme ultraviolet illuminators SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE smoothing; diamond-tumed opticss; mulitilayers; illumination; extreme ultraviolet lithography ID ENGINEERING TEST STAND; OPTICS; PERFORMANCE; GROWTH; SYSTEM; TOOL AB Condenser Optics in extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) systems are subjected to frequent replacement as they are positioned close to the illumination source. where increased heating and contamination occur. In the case of aspherical condenser elements made by optical figuring/finishing, their replacement can be very expensive (several hundred thousand dollars). One approach to this problem would be to manufacture inexpensive illuminator optics that meet all required specifications and could be replaced at no substantial cost. Diamond-turned metal substrates are a factor of 100 less expensive than conventional aspherical substrates but have insufficient finish, leading to unacceptably low EUV reflectance after multilayer coating. We show., that by applying a smoothing film prior to multilayer coating. the high-spatial-frequency roughness of a diamond-tumed metal substrate from 1.76 to 0.27 nm root mean square (rms), while the figure slope error is maintained at acceptable levels. Metrology tests performed at various stages of the fabrication of the element demonstrate that it satisfies all critical figure and finish specifications as an illuminator. Initial experimental results on the stability and performance of the optic in a real EUVL plasma source environment show no accelerated degradation when compared to conventional substrates. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Soufli, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM regina.soufli@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 3089 EP 3095 DI 10.1117/1.1815005 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 884GA UT WOS:000226071600038 ER PT J AU Maskaly, KR Maskaly, GR Carter, WC Maxwell, JL AF Maskaly, KR Maskaly, GR Carter, WC Maxwell, JL TI Diminished normal reflectivity of one-dimensional photonic crystals due to dielectric interfacial roughness SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OMNIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTION; SCATTERING; OPTICS AB Dielectric reflectors that are periodic in one dimension, also known as one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs), have become extremely useful tools in the optics industry due to the presence of wavelength-tunable photonic bandgaps. However, little is known about the practical effects of manufacturing defects, such as interfacial roughness, on this technologically useful property of 1DPCs. We employ a finite-difference time-domain code to gain further insight into the effect of interfacial roughness on the reflectivity of quarter-wave-tuned 1DPCs in the center of the bandgap at normal incidence. This provides an estimate of the magnitude of the effect of the roughness for even the most-robust incidence conditions. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maskaly, KR (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM karlene@mit.edu NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 23 BP 2791 EP 2793 DI 10.1364/OL.29.002791 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 873LC UT WOS:000225280700031 PM 15605507 ER PT J AU Arsenlis, A Wirth, BD Rhee, M AF Arsenlis, A Wirth, BD Rhee, M TI Dislocation density-based constitutive model for the mechanical behaviour of irradiated Cu SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; COPPER SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PLASTIC-FLOW LOCALIZATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; DEFECT CLUSTERS; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; OFHC-COPPER; BCC METALS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Performance degradation of structural steels in nuclear environments results from the formation of a high number density of nanometre-scale defects. The defects observed in copper-based alloys are composed of vacancy clusters in the form of stacking fault tetrahedra and/or prismatic dislocation loops that impede the motion of dislocations. The mechanical behaviour of irradiated copper alloys exhibits increased yield strength, decreased total strain to failure and decreased work hardening as compared to their unirradiated behaviour. Above certain critical defect concentrations (neutron doses), the mechanical behaviour exhibits distinct upper yield points. In this paper, we describe the formulation of an internal state variable model for the mechanical behaviour of such materials subject to these (irradiation) environments. This model has been developed within a multiscale materials-modelling framework, in which molecular dynamics simulations of dislocation-radiation defect interactions inform the final coarse-grained continuum model. The plasticity model includes mechanisms for dislocation density growth and multiplication and for irradiation defect density evolution with dislocation interaction. The general behaviour of the constitutive (homogeneous material point) model shows that as the defect density increases, the initial yield point increases and the initial strain hardening decreases. The final coarse-grained model is implemented into a finite element framework and used to simulate the behaviour of tensile specimens with varying levels of irradiation-induced material damage. The simulation results compare favourably with the experimentally observed mechanical behaviour of irradiated materials. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arsenlis, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 808,L-371, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM arsenlis@llnl.gov RI Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 NR 46 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 34 BP 3617 EP 3635 DI 10.1080/14786430412331293531 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 879JH UT WOS:000225712700001 ER PT J AU Doucette, P Agouris, P Stefanidis, A AF Doucette, P Agouris, P Stefanidis, A TI Automated road extraction from high resolution multispectral imagery SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LINEAR FEATURE-EXTRACTION; SNAKES AB This work presents a novel methodology for fully automated road centerline extraction that exploits spectral content from high resolution multispectral images. Preliminary detection of candidate road centerline components is performed with Anti-parallel-edge Centerline Extraction (ACE). This is followed by constructing a road vector topology with a fuzzy grouping model that links nodes from a self-orgonized mapping of the AGE components. Following topology construction, a Self-Supervised Road Classification (SSRC) feedback loop is implemented to automate the process of training sample selection and refinement for a road class, as well as deriving practical spectral definitions for non-road classes. SSRC demonstrates a potential to provide dramatic improvement in road extraction results by exploiting spectral content. Road centerline extraction results are presented for three 1 m color-infrared suburban scenes which show significant improvement following SSRC. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Spatial Informat Sci & Engn, Natl Ctr Geog Informat & Anal, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Doucette, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM peter.doucette@pnl.gov NR 20 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 12 BP 1405 EP 1416 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 877NP UT WOS:000225577600013 ER PT J AU Yochelis, A Elphick, C Hagberg, A Meron, E AF Yochelis, A Elphick, C Hagberg, A Meron, E TI Two-phase resonant patterns in forced oscillatory systems: boundaries, mechanisms and forms SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Trends in Pattern Formation CY AUG 25-SEP 19, 2003 CL Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Dresden, GERMANY HO Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst DE resonant pattern; forced oscillatory system; Ginzburg-Landau equation ID BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKY REACTION; GLOBAL FEEDBACK; CHEMICAL-SYSTEM; BIFURCATIONS; SYNCHRONIZATION; CONVECTION; EQUATIONS; FRONTS AB We use the forced complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation to study resonance in oscillatory systems periodically forced at approximately twice the natural oscillation frequency. The CGL equation has both resonant spatially uniform solutions and resonant two-phase standing-wave pattern solutions such as stripes or labyrinths. The spatially uniform solutions form a tongue-shaped region in the parameter plane of the forcing amplitude and frequency. But the parameter range of resonant standing-wave patterns does not coincide with the tongue of spatially uniform oscillations. On one side of the tongue the boundary of resonant patterns is inside the tongue and is formed by the nonequilibrium Ising Bloch bifurcation and the instability to traveling waves. On the other side of the tongue the resonant patterns extend outside the tongue forming a parameter region in which standing-wave patterns are resonant but uniform oscillations are not. The standing-wave patterns in that region appear similar to those inside the tongue but the mechanism of their formation is different. The formation mechanism is studied using a weakly nonlinear analysis near a Hopf-Turing bifurcation. The analysis also gives the existence and stability regions of the standing-wave patterns outside the resonant tongue. The analysis is supported by numerical solutions of the forced complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. Ctr Fis No Lineal & Sistemas Complejos Santiago, Santiago 17122, Chile. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, BIDR, Dept Solar Energy & Environm Phys, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. RP Yochelis, A (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. EM yochelis@bgumail.bgu.ac.il; lelphick@vtr.net; hagberg@lanl.gov; ehud@bgumail.bgu.ac.il RI MERON, EHUD/F-1810-2012; Yochelis, Arik/C-6782-2013 OI Yochelis, Arik/0000-0002-1516-0766 NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 199 IS 1-2 BP 201 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2004.08.015 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 878DP UT WOS:000225627000018 ER PT J AU Horner, DA Colgan, J Martin, F McCurdy, CW Pindzola, MS Rescigno, TN AF Horner, DA Colgan, J Martin, F McCurdy, CW Pindzola, MS Rescigno, TN TI Symmetrized complex amplitudes for He double photoionization from the time-dependent close-coupling and exterior complex scaling methods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; HELIUM AB Symmetrized complex amplitudes for the double photoionization of helium are computed by the time-dependent close-coupling and exterior complex scaling methods, and it is demonstrated that both methods are capable of direct calculation of these amplitudes. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with each other and in very good agreement with results of other ab initio methods and experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Quim C9, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci & Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Horner, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dahorner@lbl.gov; jcolgan@lanl.gov; fernando.martin@uam.es; cwmccurdy@lbl.gov; pindzola@physics.Auburn.edu; tnrescigno@lbl.gov RI Martin, Fernando/C-3972-2014; OI Martin, Fernando/0000-0002-7529-925X; Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.064701 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 889BQ UT WOS:000226418900142 ER PT J AU Angst, M Di Castro, D Eshchenko, DG Khasanov, R Kohout, S Savic, IM Shengelaya, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Jun, J Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Ribeiro, RA Keller, H AF Angst, M Di Castro, D Eshchenko, DG Khasanov, R Kohout, S Savic, IM Shengelaya, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Jun, J Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Ribeiro, RA Keller, H TI Anisotropy and internal-field distribution of MgB2 in the mixed state at low temperatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TORQUE MAGNETOMETRY; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; HIGH-PRESSURE; PARAMETERS; GROWTH; GAPS AB Magnetization and muon spin relaxation on MgB2 were measured as a function of the applied magnetic field at 2 K. Both indicate an inverse-squared penetration depth strongly decreasing with increasing field H below about 1 T. Magnetization also suggests the anisotropy of the penetration depth increases with increasing H, interpolating between a low H-c1 and a high H-c2 anisotropy. Measurements of the torque as a function of the angle between the field and the c axis of the crystal are in agreement with this finding, while also ruling out drastic differences between the mixed state anisotropies of the two basic length scales penetration depth and coherence length. C1 Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Mat Condensee, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. ETH, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Angst, M (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, Schonberggasse 9, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM angst@ameslab.gov RI Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Kazakov, Sergey/A-4139-2014; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; Kazakov, Sergey/0000-0002-0553-7881; NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224513 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800094 ER PT J AU Angst, M Puzniak, R Wisniewski, A Roos, J Keller, H Karpinski, J AF Angst, M Puzniak, R Wisniewski, A Roos, J Keller, H Karpinski, J TI Comment on "Superconducting anisotropy and evidence for intrinsic pinning in single crystalline MgB2" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Editorial Material ID STATE PROPERTIES AB In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. B 66, 012501 (2002)], torque data measured on a MgB2 single crystal in fields from 10 to 60 kOe at 10 K were presented. The authors obtained the anisotropy gamma by fitting a theoretical expression to the data and concluded that the anisotropy is field-independent, gammaapproximate to4.3. In this Comment, we show that the above conclusion does not hold, because it was obtained based on the analysis of torque data measured in fields close to or above the upper critical field H-c2, where the theoretical expression used is not applicable. Furthermore, we argue that the experimental torque data with Hmuch less thanH(c2) indicate an anisotropy strongly increasing with increasing field. C1 ETH, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Angst, M (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM angst@ameslab.gov RI Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Puzniak, Roman/N-1643-2013; Wisniewski, Andrzej/A-1781-2017 OI Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; Puzniak, Roman/0000-0001-5636-5541; NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 226501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.226501 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800106 ER PT J AU Awadalla, SA Lynn, KG Wei, SH Szeles, C AF Awadalla, SA Lynn, KG Wei, SH Szeles, C TI Effect of Zn on the cation vacancy-isoelectronic oxygen pair in Cd1-xZnxTe crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; CDTE AB The cation vacancy-isoelectronic oxygen pair (V-Cd/Zn-O-Te) was investigated in Cd1-xZnxTe crystals and compared to it is behavior in CdTe using thermoelectric effect spectroscopy (TEES) and first-principles total-energy calculations. We found that the thermal ionization energy E=E-v+(0.184+/-0.011) eV and trapping cross section sigma=(7+/-4)x10(-17) cm(2) of the (-/-2) transition for the V-Cd-O-Te pair are identical to those found in CdTe. In addition the concentration of the pair is much smaller in Cd1-xZnxTe than in CdTe crystal for samples with the same nominal oxygen concentration. Using first-principles total-energy calculations, we found that under equilibrium growth conditions the lowest achievable formation energy of O-Te is about 0.5 eV higher in CdZnTe than in CdTe. This indicates that the addition of Zn to CdTe reduces the equilibrium substitutional oxygen concentration that can bind with the cation vacancy to form V-Cd/Zn-O-Te. C1 Washington State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. eV Prod, Saxonburg, PA 16056 USA. RP Awadalla, SA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245213 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245213 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300056 ER PT J AU Barnard, AS Zapol, P AF Barnard, AS Zapol, P TI Effects of particle morphology and surface hydrogenation on the phase stability of TiO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANATASE-TO-RUTILE; GEL-SOL METHOD; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; NANOCRYSTALLINE ANATASE; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; BASIS-SET; SIZE AB Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are currently receiving a lot of attention due to their inherent suitability for advanced photochemical applications. Size, phase, and morphology of the nanoparticles are the critical parameters determining their performance in particular applications. A thermodynamic model devised to describe the shape of nanoparticles as a function of size has been used to predict the phase stability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, with particular attention given to the crossover of stability between the anatase and rutile phases. Density functional calculations were used to accurately determine surface energies and surface tensions. The effects of nanocrystal morphology on the phase transition are addressed and comparisons drawn with previously reported studies. Further, the model has been applied to titanium dioxide nanoparticles with hydrogenated surfaces, to investigate the effects of surface passivation on the equilibrium shape and the phase transition, and show that surface passivation has an important impact on nanocrystal morphology and phase stability. The results show that surface hydrogenation induces significant changes in the shape of rutile nanocrystals, but not in anatase, and that the size at which the phase transition may be expected increases dramatically when the under-coordinated surface titanium atoms are H-terminated. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Barnard, AS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amanda.barnard@anl.gov; zapol@anl.gov RI Barnard, Amanda/A-7340-2011; Zapol, Peter/G-1810-2012 OI Barnard, Amanda/0000-0002-4784-2382; Zapol, Peter/0000-0003-0570-9169 NR 64 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 6 U2 76 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235403 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100128 ER PT J AU Bronold, FX Saxena, A Smith, DL AF Bronold, FX Saxena, A Smith, DL TI Semiclassical kinetic theory of electron spin relaxation in semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; N-TYPE GAAS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; FLIP SCATTERING; HETEROSTRUCTURES; ANISOTROPY; PRECESSION; COLLISIONS; MECHANISM AB We develop a semiclassical kinetic theory for electron spin relaxation in semiconductors. Our approach accounts for elastic as well as inelastic scattering and treats Elliott-Yafet and motional-narrowing processes, such as D'yakonov-Perel' and variable g-factor processes, on an equal footing. Focusing on small spin polarizations and small momentum transfer scattering, we derive, starting from the full quantum kinetic equations, a Fokker-Planck equation for the electron spin polarization. We then construct, using a rigorous multiple time scale approach, a Bloch equation for the macroscopic (k-averaged) spin polarization on the long time scale, where the spin polarization decays. Spin-conserving energy relaxation and diffusion, which occur on a fast time scale, after the initial spin polarization has been injected, are incorporated and shown to give rise to a weight function that defines the energy averages required for the calculation of the spin relaxation tensor in the Bloch equation. Our approach provides an intuitive way to conceptualize the dynamics of the spin polarization in terms of a "test" spin polarization that scatters off "field" particles (electrons, impurities, phonons). To illustrate our approach, we calculate for a quantum well the spin lifetime at temperatures and densities where electron-electron and electron-impurity scattering dominate. The spin lifetimes are nonmonotonic functions of temperature and density. Our results show that at electron densities and temperatures where the crossover from the nondegenerate to the degenerate regime occurs, spin lifetimes are particularly long. C1 Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Phys, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Phys, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. NR 69 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245210 PG 22 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300053 ER PT J AU Cao, D Jeong, IK Heffner, RH Darling, T Lee, JK Bridges, F Park, JS Hong, KS AF Cao, D Jeong, IK Heffner, RH Darling, T Lee, JK Bridges, F Park, JS Hong, KS TI Local structure study of the off-center displacement of Ti and Zr across the morphotropic phase boundary of PbZr1-xTixO3 (x=0.40,0.47,0.49,0.55) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; SOLID-SOLUTION; TRANSITION; SPECTRA AB X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) experiments were carried out on a series of ferroelectric materials PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT) (x=0.40,0.47,0.49,0.55) to study the local structure around Ti and Zr atoms in each sample. Based on the fact that PZT has a single phase in the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) from the x-ray diffraction measurements, both extended XAFS (EXAFS) and x-ray absorption near-edge structure results suggest that at 3 K the orientation of the Ti off-center displacement in these materials changes gradually from the [001] to [111] direction (in pseudocubic notation) as the Ti concentration x decreases from 0.55 to 0.40. This is evidence for a continuous rotation of the local electrical polarization across the MPB region in PZT. The Zr K-edge EXAFS data suggest that at low temperature, the ZrO6 octahedra in PZT are less distorted than indicated from the average structure for all samples, though a small Zr displacement relative to the O atoms may exist. This possible small Zr displacement is also much less than that found in density functional theory calculations. The ZrO6 local structure hardly changes with Ti concentration across the MPB region. Finally, the XAFS data also show that the sizes of the ZrO6 octahedra are larger than that of the TiO6 octahedra which was also observed by experimental neutron pair distribution function analysis. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224102 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800019 ER PT J AU Chattopadhyay, MK Manekar, MA Pecharsky, AO Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Moore, J Perkins, GK Bugoslavsky, YV Roy, SB Chaddah, P Cohen, LF AF Chattopadhyay, MK Manekar, MA Pecharsky, AO Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Moore, J Perkins, GK Bugoslavsky, YV Roy, SB Chaddah, P Cohen, LF TI Metastable magnetic response across the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in Gd5Ge4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DISORDER AB Results of isothermal magnetization and magnetic relaxation measurements are presented probing the nature of the magnetic-field-induced magnetostructural transition in the intermetallic compound Gd5Ge4. This transition shows the characteristics of a disorder-influenced first order transition including distinct metastable behavior. Below approximately 21 K, the transition from the magnetic-field-induced ferromagnetic state back to the antiferromagnetic state shows additional interesting features. Similarities with other classes of magnetic systems exhibiting magnetostructural transitions are pointed out. C1 Ctr Adv Technol, Low Temp Phys Lab, Indore 452013, India. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Chattopadhyay, MK (reprint author), Ctr Adv Technol, Low Temp Phys Lab, Indore 452013, India. EM sbroy@cat.ernet.in NR 26 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214421 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400083 ER PT J AU Curro, NJ Young, BL Schmalian, J Pines, D AF Curro, NJ Young, BL Schmalian, J Pines, D TI Scaling in the emergent behavior of heavy-electron materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; KNIGHT-SHIFT; LOW-TEMPERATURES; FERMION SYSTEMS; ANDERSON MODEL; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LATTICE; URU2SI2; METALS; STATE AB We show that the NMR Knight shift anomaly exhibited by a large number of heavy electron materials can be understood in terms of the different hyperfine couplings of probe nuclei to localized spins and to conduction electrons. The onset of the anomaly is at a temperature T-*, below which an itinerant component of the magnetic susceptibility develops. This second component characterizes the polarization of the conduction electrons by the local moments and is a signature of the emerging heavy electron state. The heavy electron component grows as log T below T-*, and scales universally for all measured Ce, Yb and U based materials. Our results suggest that T-* is not related to the single ion Kondo temperature, T-K, but rather represents a correlated Kondo temperature that provides a measure of the strength of the intersite coupling between the local moments. Our analysis strongly supports the two-fluid description of heavy electron materials developed by Nakatsuji, Pines and Fisk. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Complex Adapt Matter, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Curro, NJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011; Curro, Nicholas/D-3413-2009 OI Curro, Nicholas/0000-0001-7829-0237 NR 50 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235117 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235117 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100055 ER PT J AU Davies, JE Hellwig, O Fullerton, EE Denbeaux, G Kortright, JB Liu, K AF Davies, JE Hellwig, O Fullerton, EE Denbeaux, G Kortright, JB Liu, K TI Magnetization reversal of Co/Pt multilayers: Microscopic origin of high-field magnetic irreversibility SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; CURVES; MODEL AB We investigate the magnetization reversal in [Co(4 Angstrom)/Pt(7 A)](50) multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy both macroscopically by the first-order reversal curve (FORC) technique and microscopically by transmission x-ray microscopy (TXRM) and resonant x-ray small angle scattering (SAS). In particular, we focus on the nucleation and saturation processes. The onset of magnetization reversal is dominated by irreversible processes corresponding to the avalanchelike propagation of one-dimensional stripe domains that originate from earlier nucleated zero-dimensional bubble domains. In a second stage we observe mainly reversible behavior where the overall domain topology is preserved. Finally another irreversible process brings the sample to negative saturation, corresponding to the contraction and annihilation of domains. Interestingly, even well beyond the apparent major-loop saturation field, the FORC diagram exhibits pronounced irreversible switching and thus provides a direct measure of the true (and significantly higher) saturation field. TXRM and SAS measurements reveal on a microscopic level that some residual bubble domains with negligible moments still persist for fields well above the apparent saturation field. These residual domains, if unannihilated, significantly alter the subsequent magnetization reversal. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. BESSY, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. Hitachi Global Storage Technol, San Jose Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kailiu@ucdavis.edu RI Davies, Joseph/C-4384-2008; Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Davies, Joseph/0000-0001-5727-2371; Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782; Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 24 TC 154 Z9 155 U1 8 U2 58 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224434 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800077 ER PT J AU Dougherty, DB Lyubinetsky, I Einstein, TL Williams, ED AF Dougherty, DB Lyubinetsky, I Einstein, TL Williams, ED TI Distinguishing step relaxation mechanisms via pair correlation functions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VICINAL SURFACES; SI(111) STEPS; FLUCTUATIONS; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; STM AB Theoretical predictions of coupled step motion are tested by direct STM measurement of the fluctuations of near-neighbor pairs of steps on Si(111)-root3xroot3R30degrees Al at 970 K. The average magnitude of the pair-correlation function is within one standard deviation of zero, consistent with uncorrelated near-neighbor step fluctuations. The time dependence of the pair-correlation function shows no statistically significant agreement with the predicted t(1/2) growth of pair correlations via rate-limiting atomic diffusion between adjacent steps. The physical considerations governing uncorrelated step fluctuations occurring via random attachment/detachment events at the step edge are discussed. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, MRSEC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dougherty, DB (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM edw@physics.umd.edu OI Einstein, Theodore L./0000-0001-6031-4923 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235422 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235422 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100147 ER PT J AU Escuadro, AA Goodner, DM Okasinski, JS Bedzyk, MJ AF Escuadro, AA Goodner, DM Okasinski, JS Bedzyk, MJ TI X-ray standing wave analysis of the Sn/Si(111)-root 3x root 3 surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; PHASE-TRANSITION; DYNAMICAL FLUCTUATIONS; SN/GE(111); DEFECTS; SN; RECONSTRUCTIONS; SN/SI(111); SN/GE(III); STM AB The 1/3 monolayer (ML) Sn/Si(111)-(root3xroot3)R30degrees surface structure has been extensively studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and x-ray standing waves (XSW). The summation of several XSW measured hkl Fourier components provides a three-dimensional, model-independent direct-space image of the Sn atomic distribution. While the image demonstrates that the Sn atoms are located at Si(111) T-4-adsorption sites, it alone can not determine whether or not the Sn atomic distribution is flat or asymmetric. However, conventional XSW analysis can make this distinction, concluding that one-third of the Sn atoms are located 0.26 Angstrom higher than the remaining two-thirds. This "one up and two down" distribution result is consistent with the vertical displacements predicted by a dynamical fluctuations model of the surface. For a second sample with a slightly different surface preparation a root3 LEED pattern was again observed, but in this case the direct space XSW imaging technique clearly revealed that a significant fraction of the Sn atoms were substituting for Si atoms in the bottom of the Si surface bilayer. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Mat Res Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Escuadro, AA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235416 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100141 ER PT J AU Fang, A Howald, C Kaneko, N Greven, M Kapitulnik, A AF Fang, A Howald, C Kaneko, N Greven, M Kapitulnik, A TI Periodic coherence-peak height modulations in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; VACUUM TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; SPIN-DENSITY-WAVE; T-J MODEL; VORTEX CORES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-SEPARATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD AB In this paper we analyze, using scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), the local density of electronic states (LDOS) in nearly optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta in zero magnetic field. We see both dispersive and nondispersive spatial LDOS modulations as a function of energy in our samples. Moreover, a spatial map of the superconducting coherence peak heights shows the same structure as the low-energy LDOS. This suggests that these nondispersive LDOS modulations originate from an underlying charge-density modulation, which interacts with superconductivity. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Fang, A (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 52 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214514 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400115 ER PT J AU Gao, F Bylaska, EJ Weber, WJ AF Gao, F Bylaska, EJ Weber, WJ TI Intrinsic defect properties in GaN calculated by ab initio and empirical potential methods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; NATIVE DEFECTS; RELAXATION; ENERGIES; ELECTRON AB Density functional theory (DFT) has been used to investigate the formation, properties, and atomic configurations of vacancies, antisite defects and interstitials in GaN, and the DFT results are compared with those calculated by molecular dynamics simulations using two representative potentials. The DFT calculations reveal that the relaxation of vacancies is generally small, but the relaxation around antisite defects is large, especially for the Ga antisite that is not stable and converts to a N+-N[0001] split interstitial plus a Ga vacancy at the original site. The N interstitials, starting from all possible sites, eventually relax into a N+- N[11 (2) over bar0] split interstitial. In the case of Ga interstitials, the most stable configuration is a Ga octahedral interstitial, but the energy difference among all the interstitials is small. The Ga+-Ga[11 (2) over bar0] split interstitial can bridge the gap between nonbonded Ga atoms, thereby leading to a chain of four Ga atoms along the [11 (2) over bar0] direction in GaN. The formation energies of vacancies and antisite defects obtained using the Stillinger-Weber (SW) potential are in reasonable agreement with those obtained by DFT calculations, whereas the Tersoff-Brenner (TB) potential better describes the behavior of N interstitials. In the case of Ga interstitials, the most stable configuration predicted by the TB model is a Ga+-N[11 (2) over bar0] split interstitial; while for the SW model the Ga tetrahedral configuration is more stable, which is in contrast to DFT results. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM fei.gao@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245208 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300051 ER PT J AU He, FZ Wells, BO Ban, ZG Alpay, SP Grenier, S Shapiro, SM Si, WD Clark, A Xi, XX AF He, FZ Wells, BO Ban, ZG Alpay, SP Grenier, S Shapiro, SM Si, WD Clark, A Xi, XX TI Structural phase transition in epitaxial perovskite films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SRTIO3 THIN-FILMS; METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; POLYDOMAIN HETEROSTRUCTURES; INDUCED FERROELECTRICITY; GROWTH; NDNIO3; SRRUO3; THERMODYNAMICS; RELAXATION AB Three different film systems have been systematically investigated to understand the effects of strain and substrate constraint on the phase transitions of perovskite films. In SrTiO3 films, the phase transition temperature T-c was determined by monitoring the superlattice peaks associated with rotations of TiO6 octahedra. It is found that T-c depends on both SrTiO3 film thickness and SrRuO3 buffer layer thickness. However, lattice parameter measurements showed no sign of the phase transitions, indicating that the tetragonality of the SrTiO3 unit cells was no longer a good order parameter. This signals a change in the nature of this phase transition, the internal degree of freedom is decoupled from the external degree of freedom. The phase transitions occur even without lattice relaxation through domain formation. In NdNiO3 thin films, it is found that the in-plane lattice parameters were clamped by the substrate, while the out-of-plane lattice constant varied to accommodate the volume change across the phase transition. This shows that substrate constraint is an important parameter for epitaxial film systems, and is responsible for the suppression of external structural change in SrTiO3 and NdNiO3 films. However, in SrRuO3 films we observed domain formation at elevated temperature through x-ray reciprocal space mapping. This indicated that internal strain energy within films also played an important role, and may dominate in some film systems. The final strain states within epitaxial films were the result of competition between multiple mechanisms and may not be described by a single parameter. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP He, FZ (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM fhe@phys.uconn.edu RI Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013; Grenier, Stephane/N-1986-2014; He, Feizhou/G-8493-2015 OI Grenier, Stephane/0000-0001-8370-7375; He, Feizhou/0000-0002-3125-1406 NR 37 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 48 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235405 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100130 ER PT J AU He, LX Bester, G Zunger, A AF He, LX Bester, G Zunger, A TI Strain-induced interfacial hole localization in self-assembled quantum dots: Compressive InAs/GaAs versus tensile InAs/InSb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; CRYSTALS; CYCLOTRON; ALLOYS; ENERGY AB Using an atomistic pseudopotential approach, we study how the shape of the dot (spherical vs lens shaped) affects the position-dependent strain and the electronic properties of tensile (InAs/InSb) and compressive (InAs/GaAs) quantum dots. We compare the strain profiles, strained modified band offsets, confined levels, and atomistic wave functions of these dots. We show (i) how the existence of position-dependent strain in nonflat heterostructures can control the electronic properties, leading, for example, to interfacial localization of hole states on the interface of matrix-embedded dots and (ii) how the dots shape can control the level sequence and degeneracy. For example in spherical dots, one finds degenerate light-hole (LH) and heavy-hole (HH) states, whereas in lens-shaped dots one can have as the highest-occupied hole state either (a) a LH state inside the dot, becoming a HH state outside the dot (InAs/InSb tensile case) or (b) a HH state inside the dot, becoming a LH states outside the dot (InAs/GaAs compressive case). C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP He, LX (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM alex_zunger@nrel.gov RI Bester, Gabriel/I-4414-2012; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Bester, Gabriel/0000-0003-2304-0817; NR 25 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235316 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100095 ER PT J AU Hucker, M Kataev, V Pommer, J Ammerahl, U Revcolevschi, A Tranquada, JM Buchner, B AF Hucker, M Kataev, V Pommer, J Ammerahl, U Revcolevschi, A Tranquada, JM Buchner, B TI Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya spin canting in the low-temperature tetragonal phase of La2-x-yEuySrxCuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC SUPEREXCHANGE INTERACTION; SQUARE-LATTICE ANTIFERROMAGNET; SINGLE-CRYSTAL LA2-XSRXCUO4; EARTH-DOPED LA2-XSRXCUO4; WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; COPPER OXIDES; NORMAL-STATE; LA-139 NQR AB Magnetization measurements in magnetic fields up to 14 Tesla have been used to study the magnetism of the Cu spins in La2-x-yEuySrxCuO4 (xless than or equal to0.17; yless than or equal to0.2). This system exhibits weak ferromagnetism due to a combination of the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction and tilting of the CuO6 octahedra. In the low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) phase, the magnetic structure is the same as in the LTO phase of pure La2-xSrxCuO4; however, the Eu-doped system also exhibits low-temperature transitions to structural phases with different octahedral tilt patterns. There has been a long-standing debate about whether the spin-canting of the LTO phase continues to exist in the low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) phase. In contrast to theoretical predictions, our results clearly show that Cu spin canting is present in the LTT phase (within the antiferromagnetic regime) as well as in an intermediate low-temperature less-orthorhombic (LTLO) phase. Moreover, in La1.8Eu0.2CuO4 the canted moment is about 50% larger than in pure La2CuO4, which we attribute to the larger tilt angle of the octahedra in the Eu-doped compound. We also find clear evidence that the size of the canted moment does not change significantly at the structural transition itself. The most important change induced by the transition is a significant reduction of the magnetic coupling between the CuO2 planes. As a consequence, the spin-flip for magnetic field perpendicular to the CuO2 planes, which is the most characteristic fingerprint of the canted Cu spin structure in the LTO phase, disappears in the LTT phase. The shape of the magnetization curves changes from the well known spin-flip type to a weak-ferromagnet type. However, no spontaneous weak ferromagnetism is observed even at very low temperatures, which seems to indicate that the interlayer decoupling in our samples is not perfect. Nonetheless, a small fraction (less than or similar to15%) of the canted Cu spin moments can be remanently magnetized throughout the entire antiferromagnetically ordered LTT/LTLO phase, i.e., for Tless than or similar to135 K and x<0.02. It appears that the remanent canted moment is perpendicular to the CuO2 planes. A small number of experiments were performed with the magnetic field applied parallel to the CuO2 planes, where in pure La2CuO4 a spin-flop transition was observed. We find that in La1.8Eu0.2CuO4 the critical field of the spin-flop seems to decrease in the LTLO phase, which might indicate a competition between different in-plane anisotropies. To study the Cu spin magnetism in La2-x-yEuySrxCuO4, a careful analysis of the Van Vleck paramagnetism of the Eu3+ ions was performed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. Univ Paris 11, Lab Chim Solides, F-91405 Orsay, France. Inst Festkorper & Werkstofforsch Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. RP Hucker, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 NR 87 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214515 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214515 PG 21 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400116 ER PT J AU Hucker, M Klauss, HH Buchner, B AF Hucker, M Klauss, HH Buchner, B TI Strong dependence of the interlayer coupling on the hole mobility in antiferromagnetic La2-xSrxCuO4 (x < 0.02) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; LA-139 NQR; FERROMAGNETISM; SUPPRESSION; LA2CUO4; ORDER AB We have studied the magnetic coupling between the CuO2 planes in the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase of Sr- and Zn-doped La2CuO4 by analyzing the spin-flip transition in the magnetization curves. We find that the interlayer coupling plays a key role in the suppression of the AF phase, and that only mobile holes cause a strong frustration of the interlayer coupling. Depending on the hole mobility, samples with identical Neel temperature can have a very different interlayer coupling. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. Inst Festkorper & Werkstoffforsch Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Hucker, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Klauss, Hans-Henning/G-4743-2010; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 220507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.220507 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800017 ER PT J AU Ibrahim, K Qian, HJ Wu, X Abbas, MI Wang, JO Hong, CH Su, R Zhong, J Dong, YH Wu, ZY Wei, L Xian, DC Li, YX Lapeyre, GJ Mannella, N Fadley, CS Baba, Y AF Ibrahim, K Qian, HJ Wu, X Abbas, MI Wang, JO Hong, CH Su, R Zhong, J Dong, YH Wu, ZY Wei, L Xian, DC Li, YX Lapeyre, GJ Mannella, N Fadley, CS Baba, Y TI O 2p hole-assisted electronic processes in the Pr1-xSrxMnO3 (x=0.0, 0.3) system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE EXCHANGE; PHOTOEMISSION BEHAVIOR; K-EDGE; MANGANITES; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSPORT; FILMS AB Experimental results, by x-ray absorption (XAS) at the oxygen K-edge and photon-energy dependence of the O 1s2p2p Auger line at the O K threshold, below Mn L-2,L-3 as well as well above the Mn L-2,L-3 edge of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites Pr1-xSrxMnO3 (PSMO) with x=0.0 and x=0.3 compositions, demonstrate the existence of an oxygen 2p hole state and show its importance in the electronic processes. Both XAS and Auger spectra self-consistently manifest that the oxygen 2p holes density of state (DOS) increases with hole doping in the PSMO system, hinting at a hole state transfer from e(g) symmetry orbitals of Mn 3d valence bands to oxygen 2p with a Mn4+ ion increase through Sr2+ doping. These are discussed in terms of the possible interatomic hybridization of Mn 3d with O 2p orbitals and a different O 2p valence band DOS for different PSMO compositions in the frame of a covalent picture. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Hebei Univ Technol, Ctr Magnet Mat & Magnet Technol, Tianjin 300130, Peoples R China. Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. RI Abbas, Mamatimin/D-2712-2013; OI Abbas, Mamatimin/0000-0003-0222-5994 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224433 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800076 ER PT J AU Kalinin, SV Bonnell, DA AF Kalinin, SV Bonnell, DA TI Local electronic transport at grain boundaries in Nb-doped SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FORCE MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACE; MANGANITES; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; INTERFACE; CERAMICS; TITANATE; CHARGES AB The local electrostatic properties and electronic transport at Sigma5 grain boundaries in donor-doped SrTiO3 bicrystals are examined using a combination of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques and impedance spectroscopy. A combination of scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM) and scanning impedance microscopy is used to determine intrinsic current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of the interface, eliminating the bulk and contact contributions. Conductive atomic force microscopy is used to directly image the depletion barrier associated with the grain boundary. The sign of the grain boundary potential is unambiguously determined by SSPM once the mobile charge effect is taken into account. A combination of SPM and impedance spectroscopy allowed the effect of grain boundary on local static and frequency dependent transport properties to be established. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152 NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235304 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100083 ER PT J AU Kos, S Millis, AJ Larkin, AI AF Kos, S Millis, AJ Larkin, AI TI Gaussian fluctuation corrections to the BCS mean-field gap amplitude at zero temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDUCTIVITY AB The leading (Gaussian) fluctuation correction to the weak coupling zero temperature Bardeen-Cooper-Schreiffer superconducting gap equation is computed. We find that the dominant contribution comes from the high energies and momenta (compared to the gap) and gives a correction smaller by the weak-coupling factor gN(0) than the mean-field terms. This correction is small due to cancellation of singular contributions from the amplitude and phase mode at high energies and momenta. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, William I Fine Theoret Phys Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Kos, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Kos, Simon/G-3289-2016 OI Kos, Simon/0000-0003-1657-9793 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214531 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214531 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400132 ER PT J AU Kucheyev, SO Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Willey, TM Land, TA Terminello, LJ Felter, TE Hamza, AV Demos, SG Nelson, AJ AF Kucheyev, SO Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Willey, TM Land, TA Terminello, LJ Felter, TE Hamza, AV Demos, SG Nelson, AJ TI Electronic structure of KD2xH2(1-x)PO4 studied by soft x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC TRANSITION; ULTRAVIOLET REFLECTION; KH2PO4 CRYSTALS; CORE EXCITONS; KDP; EDGE; TEMPERATURE; PARAMETERS; COEFFICIENT; DEUTERIUM AB The surface and bulk electronic structure of tetragonal (at 300 K) and orthorhombic (at 77 K) KD2xH2(1-x)PO4 single crystals (so-called KDP and DKDP), with a deuteration degree x of 0.0, 0.3, and 0.6, is studied by soft x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and x-ray emission (XES) spectroscopies. High-resolution O K-edge, P L-2,L-3-edge, and K L-2,L-3-edge XANES and XES spectra reveal that the element-specific partial density of states in the conduction and valence bands is essentially independent of deuteration x. We give assignment of XANES and XES peaks based on previous molecular orbital and band-structure calculations. Projected densities of states in the conduction band also appear to be essentially identical for tetragonal (at 300 K) and orthorhombic (at 77 K) phases, consistent with previous band structure calculations. However, a decrease in sample temperature from 300 to 77 K results in measurable changes to the valence band (probed by XES) but not to the conduction band (probed by XANES). The lower limit on the room-temperature band gap of KDP and DKDP is estimated as similar to7.6 eV. Results also show that high-intensity x-ray irradiation results in decomposition of these hydrogen-bonded materials into water and KPO3 cyclophosphates and polyphosphates. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kucheyev, SO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kucheyev1@llnl.gov RI Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011 OI Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830 NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245106 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300024 ER PT J AU Kumar, RS Cornelius, AL Sarrao, JL AF Kumar, RS Cornelius, AL Sarrao, JL TI Compressibility of CeMIn5 and Ce2MIn8 (M=Rh, Ir, and Co) compounds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; HIGH-PRESSURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; KONDO-LATTICE; CETIN5 T; CERHIN5; DEPENDENCE AB The lattice parameters of the tetragonal compounds CeMIn5 and Ce2MIn8 (M=Rh, Ir, and Co) have been studied as a function of pressure up to 15 GPa using a diamond anvil cell under both hydrostatic and quasihydrostatic conditions at room temperature. The addition of MIn2 layers to the parent CeIn3 compound is found to stiffen the lattice as the 2-layer systems (average of bulk modulus values B-0 is 70.4 GPa) have a larger B-0 than CeIn3 (67 GPa), while the 1-layer systems are even stiffer (average of B-0 is 81.4 GPa). Estimating the hybridization using parameters from tight binding calculations shows that the dominant hybridization is fp in nature between the Ce and In atoms. The values of V-pf at the pressure where the superconducting transition temperature T-c reaches a maximum is the same for all CeMIn5 compounds. By plotting the maximum values of the superconducting transition temperature T-c versus c/a for the studied compounds and Pu-based superconductors, we find a universal T-c versus c/a behavior when these quantities are normalized appropriately. These results are consistent with magnetically mediated superconductivity. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kumar, RS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RI Cornelius, Andrew/A-9837-2008; OI Kumar, Ravhi/0000-0002-1967-1619 NR 58 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214526 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214526 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400127 ER PT J AU Landa, A Soderlind, P Ruban, A Vitos, L Pourovskii, L AF Landa, A Soderlind, P Ruban, A Vitos, L Pourovskii, L TI First-principles phase diagram of the Ce-Th system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; ALLOY SYSTEM; CERIUM; GPA; METALS AB Ab initio total energy calculations based on the exact muffin-tin orbitals (EMTO) theory are used to determine the high pressure and low-temperature phase diagram of Ce and Th metals as well as the Ce(43)Th(57) disordered alloy. The compositional disorder for the alloy is treated in the framework of the coherent potential approximation. The equation of state for Ce, Th, and Ce(43)Th(57) has been calculated up to 1 Mbar in good comparison with experimental data: upon compression the Ce-Th system undergoes crystallographic phase transformation from a fcc to a body-centered-tetragonal structure and the transition pressure increases with Th content in the alloy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Nijmegen, Dept Theoret Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Landa, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Ruban, Andrei/B-7457-2012; Poyurovskiy, Leonid/F-1764-2015 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224210 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800036 ER PT J AU Lin, JF Struzhkin, VV Mao, HK Hemley, RJ Chow, P Hu, MY Li, J AF Lin, JF Struzhkin, VV Mao, HK Hemley, RJ Chow, P Hu, MY Li, J TI Magnetic transition in compressed Fe3C from x-ray emission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; EQUATION; STATE; CORE; SPIN; TEMPERATURE; CEMENTITE; CARBON; ALPHA; GPA AB The magnetic properties of iron in cementite (Fe3C) have been measured by x-ray emission spectroscopy in a diamond cell up to 45 GPa. The Fe-K-beta fluorescence peaks reveal that Fe3C undergoes a magnetic collapse at approximately 25 GPa, consistent with theoretical predictions. This transition is likely to be a second-order phase transition without a major structural change. The magnetic collapse transition is expected to affect the elastic and thermodynamic properties of Fe3C; the nonmagnetic phase predicted theoretically has a higher incompressibility and density than the magnetic state. Our results support recent theoretical and thermodynamic calculations indicating that Fe3C is unlikely to be the major component in the Earth's inner core. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HPCAT, Carnegie Inst Washington, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; Struzhkin, Viktor/J-9847-2013 OI Struzhkin, Viktor/0000-0002-3468-0548 NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 212405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.212405 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400011 ER PT J AU Liu, ZY Yue, LP Keavney, DJ Adenwalla, S AF Liu, ZY Yue, LP Keavney, DJ Adenwalla, S TI Oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling in [Pt/Co](n)/NiO/[Co/Pt](n) multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy: Dependence on NiO and Pt layer thicknesses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS; CO/PT MULTILAYERS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; FE LAYERS; SUPERLATTICES; ENHANCEMENT; SPACER; PERIOD; CO/RU; COERCIVITY AB Interlayer exchange coupling has been studied in a series of [Pt(t(Pt) Angstrom)/Co(4 Angstrom)](n)/NiO(t(NiO))/[Co(4 Angstrom)/Pt(t(Pt) Angstrom)](n) multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy. The coupling oscillates between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic as a function of t(NiO) with a period of similar to5 Angstrom, and the oscillatory behavior is related to the antiferromagnetic ordering of the NiO layer. This interlayer coupling between two Co/Pt multilayers is shown to occur domain by domain by magnetic force microscopy imaging. For the strongest antiferromagnetic coupling at t(NiO)=11 Angstrom, an oscillation with a period of similar to6 Angstrom is superposed onto the exponential decay of the coupling strength as a function of t(Pt). The exponential decay with t(Pt) is ascribed to the exponential decay of the coupling between the Co layers across the Pt layers in each Co/Pt multilayer, and the superposed oscillatory behavior can be attributed to multiple reflections of electron waves at the Co/Pt interfaces and their interference. A linear dependence of the antiferromagnetic coupling strength on 1/n, (where n is the number of repeats), is suggestive of a surface interaction for this interlayer coupling. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Univ Nebraska, Ctr Mat Res & Anal, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM sadenwal@unlserve.unl.edu NR 52 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224423 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800066 ER PT J AU Lorenz, B Wang, YQ Sun, YY Chu, CW AF Lorenz, B Wang, YQ Sun, YY Chu, CW TI Large magnetodielectric effects in orthorhombic HoMnO3 and YMnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ORTHOMANGANITES; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; PEROVSKITE AB We have found a remarkable increase (up to 60%) of the dielectric constant with the onset of magnetic order at 42 K in the metastable orthorhombic structures of YMnO3 and HoMnO3 that proves the existence of a strong magnetodielectric coupling in the compounds. Magnetic, dielectric, and thermodynamic properties show distinct anomalies at the onset of the incommensurate magnetic order and thermal hysteresis effects are observed around the lock-in transition temperature at which the incommensurate magnetic order locks into a temperature independent wave vector. The Mn3+ spins and Ho3+ moments both contribute to the magnetodielectric coupling. A large magnetodielectric effect was observed in HoMnO3 at low temperature where the dielectric constant can be tuned by an external magnetic field resulting in a decrease of up to 8% at 7 T. By comparing data for YMnO3 and HoMnO3 the contributions to the coupling between the dielectric response and Mn and Ho magnetic moments are separated. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Lorenz, B (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 17 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 212412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.212412 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400018 ER PT J AU Luo, WD Duan, WH Louie, SG Cohen, ML AF Luo, WD Duan, WH Louie, SG Cohen, ML TI Structural and electronic properties of n-doped and p-doped SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION; OXYGEN VACANCY; TOTAL-ENERGY; AB-INITIO; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SEMICONDUCTORS; GAS AB We study the effects of n-doping and p-doping on the structural and electronic properties of SrTiO3 using the ab initio pseudopotential density functional theory. Two types of electron doping and one type of hole doping are considered: introducing O vacancies, substituting V for Ti, and substituting Sc for Ti. We find that all dopings lead to small structural distortions. The effect of O vacancies on the structure is the largest. Electron doping leads to significant changes of the conduction band. For the O vacancy case, there is a Ti 3d-e(g) type defect state near the lower conduction band; while in the case of substitutional V, some parts of the lowest conduction bands become very flat. Hole doping yields a larger density of states at the Fermi level than electron doping. Our results indicate that the rigid band model with a Fermi level shift upwards or downwards is not applicable to describe the effects of oxygen vacancy induced electron doping on the electronic properties; however, this may be a reasonable approximation for the case of hole doping. Finally, we estimate the electron-phonon coupling parameters and discuss the implications of this study on superconductivity in the SrTiO3 system. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Duan, Wenhui /H-4992-2011; Luo, Weidong/A-8418-2009 OI Duan, Wenhui /0000-0001-9685-2547; Luo, Weidong/0000-0003-3829-1547 NR 36 TC 87 Z9 89 U1 7 U2 74 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214109 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400042 ER PT J AU Martin, I Kaneshita, E Bishop, AR McQueeney, RJ Yu, ZG AF Martin, I Kaneshita, E Bishop, AR McQueeney, RJ Yu, ZG TI Vibrational edge modes in intrinsically heterogeneous doped transition metal oxides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PEIERLS-HUBBARD MODEL; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CHARGE LOCALIZATION; DENSITY-WAVE; STATES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPINS; HOLES; FLUCTUATIONS; LA2NIO4.125 AB By applying an unrestricted Hartree-Fock and a random phase approximation to a multiband Peierls-Hubbard Hamiltonian, we study the phonon mode structure in models of transition metal oxides in the presence of intrinsic nanoscale inhomogeneities induced by hole doping. We identify low-frequency local vibrational modes pinned to the sharp interfaces between regions of distinct electronic structure (doped and undoped) and separated in frequency from the band of extended phonons. A characteristic of these "edge" modes is that their energy is essentially insensitive to the doping level. We discuss the experimental manifestations of these modes in inelastic neutron scattering and also in spin and charge excitation spectra. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yu, Z/B-5547-2009; McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016; OI McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602; , Zhi-Gang/0000-0002-1376-9025 NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224514 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800095 ER PT J AU Matveev, KA AF Matveev, KA TI Conductance of a quantum wire at low electron density SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONSTRICTION; POINT CONTACTS; QUANTIZED CONDUCTANCE; SPIN POLARIZATION; HUBBARD-MODEL; BETHE-ANSATZ; GAS; TRANSPORT; DOTS; EDGE AB We study the transport of electrons through a long quantum wire connecting two bulk leads. As the electron density in the wire is lowered, the Coulomb interactions lead to short-range crystalline ordering of electrons. In this Wigner crystal state the spins of electrons form an antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chain with exponentially small exchange coupling J. Inhomogeneity of the electron density due to the coupling of the wire to the leads results in violation of spin-charge separation in the device. As a result the spins affect the conductance of the wire. At zero temperature the low-energy spin excitations propagate freely through the wire, and its conductance remains 2e(2)/h. Since the energy of the elementary excitations in the spin chain (spinons) cannot exceed piJ/2, the conductance of the wire acquires an exponentially small negative correction delta Gproportional to-exp(-piJ/2T) at low temperatures Tmuch less thanJ. At higher temperatures, Tmuch greater thanJ, most of the spin excitations in the leads are reflected by the wire, and the conductance levels off at a new universal value e(2)/h. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Matveev, KA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 62 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245319 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300077 ER PT J AU Meulenberg, RW Jennings, T Strouse, GF AF Meulenberg, RW Jennings, T Strouse, GF TI Compressive and tensile stress in colloidal CdSe semiconductor quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; RAMAN-SCATTERING; NANOCRYSTALS; CLUSTERS; FILMS; SIZE AB Compressive and tensile stress in colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is examined using resonance Raman spectroscopy. We find that the dispersion of the longitudinal optical phonon mode with size does not follow theoretical calculations based on phonon confinement models. To account for these deviations, the presence of compressive or tensile stress in the QDs is proposed. The influence of surface reconstruction on QD behavior is evidenced by differences in hexadecylamine (HDA) and trioctylphospine oxide (TOP/TOPO) passivation. We find that CdSe QDs passivated by HDA exhibit compressive stress, while CdSe QDs passivated by TOP/TOPO exhibit tensile stress. Evidence is provided that the CdSe-HDA QD stress is directly to a passivant driven surface reconstruction effect. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Chem, Tallahassee, FL 32316 USA. RP Meulenberg, RW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM meulenberg1@llnl.gov; strouse@chem.fsu.edu OI Meulenberg, Robert/0000-0003-2696-8792 NR 21 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235311 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100090 ER PT J AU Mittal, R Chaplot, SL Schober, H Kolesnikov, AI Loong, CK Lind, C Wilkinson, AP AF Mittal, R Chaplot, SL Schober, H Kolesnikov, AI Loong, CK Lind, C Wilkinson, AP TI Negative thermal expansion in cubic ZrMo2O8: Inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamical studies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; HIGH-PRESSURE BEHAVIOR; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; GRUNEISEN-PARAMETER; OXYGEN MIGRATION; ZRW2O8; TRANSITIONS; HFW2O8 AB Disordered cubic ZrMo2O8(Pa(3) over bar, Z=4) is known to display isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) below 600 K. We report high-pressure inelastic neutron scattering experiments up to 2.5 kbar in this material using the IN6 spectrometer at Institut Laue-Langevin. The observed phonon softening of about 0.1-0.3 meV for phonons below 8 meV is able to account for the NTE below 100 K. The phonon spectrum in the entire energy range up to 150 meV has been measured using the HRMECS spectrometer at Argonne National Laboratory. The ordered phase (space group P2(1)3) of cubic ZrMo2O8 has not yet been synthesized. However, we have calculated the phonon spectrum and thermal expansion in this phase for comparison with the known ordered phase of cubic ZrW2O8. C1 Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Mittal, R (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008; Lind, Cora/K-3595-2013; Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012 OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X; Lind, Cora/0000-0002-8138-3562; Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649 NR 38 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214303 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400058 ER PT J AU Napolitano, RE Liu, S AF Napolitano, RE Liu, S TI Three-dimensional crystal-melt Wulff-shape and interfacial stiffness in the Al-Sn binary system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TENSION-ANISOTROPY; DENDRITIC GROWTH; FREE-ENERGY; DIFFUSIONAL GROWTH; SOLVABILITY THEORY; PHASE-FIELD; SOLIDIFICATION; MORPHOLOGY; PARTICLES; HARMONICS AB The quantitative determination of the three-dimensional Wulff shape for a metallic crystal-melt system is reported here. The anisotropy of crystal-melt interfacial free energy is experimentally measured for the Al-Sn binary system at temperatures of 300 and 500degreesC. Equilibrium shapes of liquid droplets entrained within the crystalline phase are measured experimentally on sequential two-dimensional sections, and the three-dimensional Wulff plot is reconstructed. For this system, it is found that a single-parameter description of anisotropy is not sufficient, and the anisotropy is reported using the leading terms of the relevant cubic harmonics. Accordingly, the anisotropy coefficients are determined to be epsilon(1)=(1.81+/-0.36)x10(-2) and epsilon(2)=(-1.12+/-0.13)x10(-2). In addition, the corresponding normal stiffness components as well as a generalized stiffness are quantified and compared with available predictions from atomistic simulations. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Napolitano, RE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 42 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214103 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400036 ER PT J AU Ono, S Ando, Y Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS AF Ono, S Ando, Y Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS TI Examination of the c-axis resistivity of Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta in magnetic fields up to 58 T SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NORMAL-STATE; PSEUDOGAP; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA2-XSRXCUO4; CROSSOVER AB We measure the magnetic-field dependence of the c-axis resistivity, rho(c)(H), in a series of Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta (BSLCO) single crystals for a wide range of doping using pulsed magnetic fields up to 58 T. The behavior of rho(c)(H) is examined in light of the recent determination of the upper critical field H-c2 for this material using Nernst effect measurements. We find that the peak in rho(c)(H) shows up at a field H-p that is much lower than H-c2 and there is no discernable feature in rho(c)(H) at H-c2. Intriguingly, H-p shows a doping dependence similar to that of T-c, and there is an approximate relation k(B)T(c)similar or equal to1/2gmu(B)H(p). Moreover, we show that the data for the lowest-T-c sample can be used to estimate the pseudogap closing field H-pg, but the method to estimate H-pg proposed by Shibauchi [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5763 (2001)] must be modified to apply to the BSLCO system. C1 Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ono, S (reprint author), Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. RI Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013 OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224521 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224521 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800102 ER PT J AU Petracic, O Glatz, A Kleemann, W AF Petracic, O Glatz, A Kleemann, W TI Models for the magnetic ac susceptibility of granular superferromagnetic CoFe/Al2O3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE SYSTEM; NANOPARTICLE ASSEMBLIES; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS; REVERSAL DYNAMICS; CREEP; FILMS; CO80FE20/AL2O3; FERROMAGNETS; TRANSITION AB The magnetization and magnetic ac susceptibility, chi=chi(')-ichi('), of superferromagnetic systems are studied by numerical simulations. The Cole-Cole plot, chi(') versus chi('), is used as a tool for classifying magnetic systems by their dynamical behavior. The simulations of the magnetization hysteresis and the ac susceptibility are performed with two approaches for a driven domain wall in random media. The studies are motivated by recent experimental results on the interacting nanoparticle system Co80Fe20/Al2O3 showing superferromagnetic behavior. Its Cole-Cole plot indicates domain-wall motion dynamics similarly to a disordered ferromagnet, including pinning and sliding motion. With our models, we can successfully reproduce the features found in the experimental Cole-Cole plots. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Duisburg Essen, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Theoret Phys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Petracic, O (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM opetr@kleemann.uni-duisburg.de; ang@thp.uni-koeln.de OI Kleemann, Wolfgang/0000-0002-1167-5922; Petracic, Oleg/0000-0002-5138-9832 NR 60 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214432 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214432 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400094 ER PT J AU Pohl, K Plummer, EW Hoffmann, SV Hofmann, P AF Pohl, K Plummer, EW Hoffmann, SV Hofmann, P TI Phase diagram of hydrogen on Be(0001) from reconstruction-induced surface core-level shifts SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECTRUM; PHYSICS AB The surface core-level shifts (SCLS) on the (0001) surface of beryllium were used to study the phase diagram of the hydrogen-induced reconstructions on this surface. Two different top-layer reconstruction phases are formed upon atomic hydrogen adsorption below and above room temperature, respectively. We are able to assign a characteristic core-level spectrum to an individual reconstruction phase and trace its presence at various hydrogen coverages and sample temperatures. This technique makes it possible to survey the low-coverage regions that are lacking long-range ordering. Adsorption of atomic hydrogen in a temperature range of 100 to 270 K induces a (root3xroot3)R30degrees H-Be(0001) chemisorption structure, in which 1/3 of the Be top-layer atoms are removed to form a honeycomb structure of Be vacancies. Upon adsorption above 300 K a (1x3) superstructure forms, which has been proposed to exhibit a missing-row reconstruction of the Be top layer. Our hydrogen-induced SCLS measurements reveal that beryllium vacancies are forming already at small H coverages of 0.2 monolayers. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Aarhus Univ, Inst Storage Ring Facil, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Pohl, K (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM karsten.pohl@unh.edu RI Hofmann, Philip/B-5938-2008 OI Hofmann, Philip/0000-0002-7367-5821 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235424 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100149 ER PT J AU Schneider, HC Chow, WW Koch, SW AF Schneider, HC Chow, WW Koch, SW TI Excitation-induced dephasing in semiconductor quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; GAAS AB A quantum kinetic theory is used to compute excitation induced dephasing in semiconductor quantum dots due to the Coulomb interaction with a continuum of states, such as a quantum well or a wetting layer. It is shown that a frequency dependent broadening together with nonlinear resonance shifts are needed for a microscopic explanation of the excitation induced dephasing in such a system, and that excitation induced dephasing for a quantum-dot excitonic resonance is different from quantum-well and bulk excitons. C1 Kaiserslautern Univ Technol, Dept Phys, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Semicond Mat & Device Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Marburg, Dept Phys, D-35037 Marburg, Germany. RP Schneider, HC (reprint author), Kaiserslautern Univ Technol, Dept Phys, POB 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany. RI Schneider, Hans Christian/B-9450-2009 OI Schneider, Hans Christian/0000-0001-7656-4919 NR 21 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235308 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100087 ER PT J AU Sergienko, IA Curnoe, SH AF Sergienko, IA Curnoe, SH TI Order parameter in superconductors with nondegenerate bands SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PYROCHLORE OXIDE; SYMMETRY; CD2RE2O7; SESQUICARBIDE; CEPT3SI; SYSTEM AB In noncentrosymmetric metals, the spin degeneracy of the electronic bands is lifted by spin-orbit coupling. We consider general symmetry properties of the pairing function Delta(k) in noncentrosymmetric superconductors with spin-orbit coupling (NSC), including CePt3Si, UIr, and Cd2Re2O7. We find that Delta(k)=chi(k)t(k), where chi(k) is an even function which transforms according to the irreducible representations of the crystallographic point group and t(k) is a model-dependent phase factor. We consider tunneling between a NSC and a conventional superconductor. It is found that, in terms of thermodynamical properties as well as the Josephson effect, the state of NSC resembles a singlet superconducting state with gap function chi(k). C1 Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Phys & Phys Oceanog, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada. RP Sergienko, IA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergienko@ornl.gov NR 42 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 21 AR 214510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.214510 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UF UT WOS:000226111400111 ER PT J AU Shpyrko, OG Grigoriev, AY Steimer, C Pershan, PS Lin, BH Meron, M Graber, T Gerbhardt, J Ocko, B Deutsch, M AF Shpyrko, OG Grigoriev, AY Steimer, C Pershan, PS Lin, BH Meron, M Graber, T Gerbhardt, J Ocko, B Deutsch, M TI Anomalous layering at the liquid Sn surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; CAPILLARY WAVES; GALLIUM; GA AB X-ray reflectivity measurements on the free surface of liquid Sn are presented. They exhibit the high-angle peak, indicative of surface-induced layering, also found for other pure liquid metals (Hg, Ga, and In). However, a low-angle shoulder, not hitherto observed for any pure liquid metal, is also found, indicating the presence of a high-density surface layer. Fluorescence and resonant reflectivity measurements rule out the assignment of this layer to surface segregation of impurities. The reflectivity is modeled well by a 10% contraction of the spacing between the first and second atomic surface layers, relative to that of subsequent layers. Possible reasons for this are discussed. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RP Shpyrko, OG (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Shpyrko, Oleg/J-3970-2012 NR 24 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224206 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800032 ER PT J AU Smith, S Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Hanna, M AF Smith, S Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Hanna, M TI Effects of localization on the excitonic linewidth in partially ordered GaxIn1-xP alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; QUANTUM-WELLS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTRA; GAINP2 AB Spontaneous ordering in the ternary alloy GaxIn1-xP naturally leads to a reduction in alloy scattering and thus a reduction in the excitonic linewidth with increasing order parameter eta. Concomitantly, the effect of localized states associated with various defects tends to increase the exciton linewidth, and it was observed that for etagreater than or equal to0.45, the linewidth actually increases with order parameter [Phys. Rev. B 61, 9910 (2000)]. This was attributed to the increase in native defects which occurs for higher order parameters due to limitations in current growth technology. We show, using spatially resolved PL imaging with confocal and near-field microscopy, that this trend is reproduced in all ordered- GaxIn1-xP samples, within the micro-ensemble formed by the collection of all spectra in a spatially and spectrally resolved PL image, directly imaging the effect of exciton localization. This reversed trend is a result of the interplay between the effects of localization and spontaneous ordering, and the spatial averaging which occurs when examining areas many times larger than the exciton Bohr radius. Agreement with the trend observed in macro-PL is obtained via micro-ensemble averaging of each data set, and by examination of the spatial correlation of exciton linewidths. The implications of these results on the origin of the exciton linewidth in ordered alloys and the effect of ordering on the spatial distribution of exciton linewidths are discussed. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Smith, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM steven_smith@nrel.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 235301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235301 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100080 ER PT J AU Sreekala, S Ahluwalia, R Ananthakrishna, G AF Sreekala, S Ahluwalia, R Ananthakrishna, G TI Precursors and power-law statistics of acoustic emission and shape memory effect in martensites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; PHASE FIELD MODEL; CU-ZN-AL; FE-PD ALLOYS; TWEED MICROSTRUCTURES; ISING-MODEL; NI-AL; TRANSFORMATIONS; TRANSITION; AVALANCHES AB We report a detailed numerical investigation of a recently introduced two-dimensional model for square-to-rectangle martensitic transformation that explains several unusual features of the martensitic transformation. This model includes inertial effects, dissipation, long-range interaction between the transformed domains and an inhomogeneous stress field to describe the effect of lattice defects which serves as nucleation centers. Both single-site nucleation and multi-site nucleation has been studied for single quench situation and thermal cycling. The final stage morphologies of single-site nucleation and multi-site nucleation bear considerable similarity suggesting that the initial distribution of the defects is not important. Thermal cycling using continuous cooling and heating simulations show the existence of hysteresis in the transformation. More importantly, the rate of energy dissipated occurs in the forms of bursts with power law statistics for their amplitudes and durations which explains the results of acoustic emission signals observed in experiments. When the system is cycled repeatedly in a restricted domain of temperatures, the dissipated bursts of energy are repetitive, a feature observed in experiments. The associated morphology shows a complete reversal of the martensite domains thus throwing light on the mechanism underlying the shape memory effect. The model also exhibits tweed-like patterns. C1 Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Mat Res, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Condensed Matter Theory, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Sreekala, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Mat Res, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM garani@mrc.iisc.ernet.in NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224105 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800022 ER PT J AU Tretiak, S Piryatinski, A Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR AF Tretiak, S Piryatinski, A Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR TI On the existence of photoexcited breathers in conducting polymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATED POLYMERS; DYNAMICS; MOLECULES; MATRIX AB Formation and decay mechanisms of photoinduced nonlinear vibronic excitations ("breathers") in several conjugated polymers are studied using a quantum-chemical excited state molecular dynamics approach. We identify specific coupled vibrational modes responsible for breather excitations and investigate their dependence on chain length. In addition to intermolecular relaxation mechanisms, our calculations show that intramolecular vibrational energy equilibration results in a decay of breathers on a timescale of hundreds of femtoseconds. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@cnls.lanl.gov RI Piryatinski, Andrei/B-5543-2009; Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 23 AR 233203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.233203 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UL UT WOS:000226112100009 ER PT J AU Tsetseris, L Pantelides, ST AF Tsetseris, L Pantelides, ST TI Migration, incorporation, and passivation reactions of molecular hydrogen at the Si-SiO2 interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; P-B DEFECTS; SI/SIO2 INTERFACE; SILICON; DIFFUSION; DEUTERIUM; KINETICS; CENTERS; H-2; REPLACEMENT AB We use first-principles calculations to address the main steps involving molecular hydrogen at the (100) Si-SiO2 interface, with an emphasis on obtaining the relevant reaction and migration barriers. We show that during passivation in an H-2 ambient, molecular hydrogen is effectively prohibited to enter Si. Instead, it migrates along the interface, where it can passivate P-b centers. Alternatively, at elevated temperatures, it can degrade the interface by cleavage of Si-Si bonds. The calculated barriers are in agreement with experimental values, and offer a critical assessment of previous theoretical studies. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tsetseris, L (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 28 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 53 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245320 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245320 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300078 ER PT J AU van Gastel, R Bartelt, NC Feibelman, PJ Leonard, F Kellogg, GL AF van Gastel, R Bartelt, NC Feibelman, PJ Leonard, F Kellogg, GL TI Relationship between domain-boundary free energy and the temperature dependence of stress-domain patterns of Pb on Cu(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WAVE BASIS-SET; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SURFACES; STEP; METALS; GROWTH; TRANSITION; DEPOSITION AB Pb deposition on Cu(111) causes the surface to self-assemble into periodically arranged domains of a Pb-rich phase and a Pb-poor phase. Using low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) we provide evidence that the observed temperature-dependent periodicity of these self-assembled domain patterns is the result of changing domain-boundary free energy. We determine the free energy of boundaries at different temperatures from a capillary wave analysis of the thermal fluctuations of the boundaries and find that it varies from 22 meV/nm at 600 K to 8 meV/nm at 650 K. Combining this result with previous measurements of the surface stress difference between the two phases we find that the theory of surface-stress-induced domain formation can quantitatively account for the observed periodicities. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Twente, MESA Inst, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Bartelt, Norman/G-2927-2012 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 24 AR 245413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.245413 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UN UT WOS:000226112300096 ER PT J AU Wang, SY Wang, CZ Chuang, FC Morris, JR Ho, KM AF Wang, SY Wang, CZ Chuang, FC Morris, JR Ho, KM TI Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation of liquid AlxGe1-x alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; AL-GE ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METALS; GERMANIUM AB First-principles molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to study the structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of liquid AlxGe1-x with 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 of aluminum concentration. The concentration dependence of static structure factors, pair correlation functions, diffusion constants, and electronic density-of-states at temperature of 1250 K are investigated. The structural properties obtained from the simulations are in good agreement with neutron scattering experimental results. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Fudan Univ, Dept Opt Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Adv Photon Mat & Devices, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Wang, Songyou/H-4529-2011; Chuang, FengChuan/H-7166-2013; Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Wang, Songyou/0000-0002-4249-3427; Chuang, FengChuan/0000-0003-0351-4253; Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 22 AR 224205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224205 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884UJ UT WOS:000226111800031 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopdhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopdhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Pseudorapidity asymmetry and centrality dependence of charged hadron spectra in d+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS; SATURATION; STAR AB The pseudorapidity asymmetry and centrality dependence of charged hadron spectra in d+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV are presented. The charged particle density at midrapidity, its pseudorapidity asymmetry, and centrality dependence are reasonably reproduced by a multiphase transport model, by HIJING, and by the latest calculations in a saturation model. Ratios of transverse momentum spectra between backward and forward pseudorapidity are above unity for p(T) below 5 GeV/c. The ratio of central to peripheral spectra in d+Au collisions shows enhancement at 2alpha+alpha+n using bremsstrahlung produced by electrons from a 2-MV Van de Graaff on a gold target. The target was located within a block of beryllium surrounded by an array of He-3 proportional counters embedded in paraffin. Based on energy and intensity calibrations of the accelerator and detector using the Be-9+gamma-->Be-8+n reaction, an upper limit of 93 nb (4sigma) was placed on the cross section for neutron production between the three-body and two-body thresholds. This value is substantially below a previous experimental result using photoexcitation by Pr-142 gamma rays and also below an earlier theoretical estimate. Bremsstrahlung spectra from the gold target were also measured in a NaI(Tl) detector at electron energies from 1.7 to 2.0 MeV and angles of 0degrees to 60degrees with respect to the beam axis. An analysis of photons above the 1665-keV two-body threshold shows that bremsstrahlung due to beta rays between 1665 keV and the 2160-keV end point of the Pr-142 beta-ray spectrum could account for the photoneutron yield in the three-body region that had previously been attributed to Pr-142 gamma rays. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Alburger, DE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064611 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064611 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100042 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B Zhang, J AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B Zhang, J CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Pseudorapidity dependence of charged hadron transverse momentum spectra in d+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB We have measured the transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons in d+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV in the range of 0.5(283)112(alpha)-->(279)110(SF), in two cases out of 22, we observed decay chains of four and five sequential alpha transitions that end in spontaneous fission of (271)Sg (T-alpha/SF=2.4(-1.0)(+4.3) min) and (267)Rf (T(SF)similar to2.3 h), longer decay chains than reported previously. We observed the new nuclide (292)116 (T-alpha=18(-6)(+16) ms,E-alpha=10.66+/-0.07 MeV) in the irradiation of the Cm-248 target at a higher energy than in previous experiments. The observed nuclear decay properties of the nuclides with Z=104-118 are compared with theoretical nuclear mass calculations and the systematic trends of spontaneous fission properties. As a whole, they give a consistent pattern of decay of the 18 even-Z neutron-rich nuclides with Z=104-118 and N=163-177. The experiments were performed with the heavy-ion beam delivered by the U400 cyclotron of the FLNR (JINR, Dubna) employing the Dubna gas-filled recoil separator. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. All Russian Res Inst Expt Phys, Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Sarov 607190, Russia. RP Oganessian, YT (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008 NR 62 TC 335 Z9 347 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064609 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100040 ER PT J AU Pop, VT Gyulassy, M Barrette, J Gale, C Wang, XN Xu, N AF Pop, VT Gyulassy, M Barrette, J Gale, C Wang, XN Xu, N TI Baryon junction loops and the baryon-meson anomaly at high energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; FREEZE-OUT CONDITIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; IDENTIFIED PARTICLES; ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; MICROSCOPIC MODELS; STRANGE PARTICLES; HADRON-PRODUCTION; AU COLLISIONS AB A new version, v2.0, of the HIJING/B (B) over bar Monte Carlo nuclear collision event generator is introduced in order to explore further the possible role of baryon junctions loops in the baryon-meson anomaly (2/v(T)=0.31+/-0.2 mb and 2.54+/-0.14 mb, respectively. The measurements were carried out by activation of Pb and Bi samples in a quasistellar neutron spectrum using gold as a cross section standard. With this technique the uncertainties reported in previous works could be considerably reduced. The measurements are complemented by a discussion of the recycling at the termination point of the s-process neutron capture chain in a 3M and [Fe/H]=-1.3 asymptotic giant branch star. At this metallicity, AGB stars give rise to the maximum production of s-process lead. The sensitivity of the isotopic lead abundances is discussed with respect to the remaining cross section uncertainties. The information obtained in this work is also of relevance for an assessment of the alpha activity due to a buildup of Po-210 in Pb/Bi cooled fast reactor systems. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Ctr Stellar & Planetary Astrophys, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85740 Garching, Germany. INAF, Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, To, Italy. RP Ratzel, U (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, POB 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM franz.kaeppeler@ik.fzk.de RI Mengoni, Alberto/I-1497-2012 OI Mengoni, Alberto/0000-0002-2537-0038 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 065803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.065803 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100060 ER PT J AU Roberts, W AF Roberts, W TI Phenomenological Lagrangian approach to two kaon photoproduction and pentaquark searches SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE-STRANGENESS; POSSIBLE EXPLANATION; MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; THETA(+); BARYON; RESONANCE; PARITY; ANTIDECUPLET; STATES; WIDTH AB We examine cross sections for the processes gammaN-->NK (K) over bar in the framework of a phenomenological Lagrangian. We include contributions from Lambda and Sigma resonances up to spin 3/2, as well as those from an exotic Theta(+). We allow the Theta(+) to have spin 1/2 or 3/2, with either positive or negative parity in each case. We also allow the state to be either isovector or isoscalar. We find that the scenario that most closely matches observations at Jefferson Laboratory requires a moderately large coupling of the Theta(+) to NK*. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 79 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 065201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.065201 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100050 ER PT J AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R TI Shadowing effects on the nuclear suppression factor, R-dAu, in d+Au interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; LEADING ORDER; COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE; EVOLUTION AB We explore how nuclear modifications to the nucleon parton distributions affect production of high-transverse-momentum hadrons in deuteron-nucleus collisions. We calculate the charged hadron spectra to leading order using standard fragmentation functions and shadowing parametrizations. We obtain the d+Au to pp ratio both in minimum bias collisions and as a function of centrality. The minimum bias results agree reasonably well with the BRAHMS data while the calculated centrality dependence underestimates the data and is a stronger function of p(T) than the data indicate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064902 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100044 ER PT J AU Wong, CY Zhang, WN AF Wong, CY Zhang, WN TI Signature of granular structures by single-event intensity interferometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON-PLASMA; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITIONS; PION INTERFEROMETRY; FLUCTUATIONS; MATTER; COHERENCE; PICTURES; DROPLETS AB The observation of a granular structure in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can be used as a signature for the quark-gluon plasma phase transition, if the phase transition is first order in nature. We propose methods to detect a granular structure by the single-event intensity interferometry. We find that the correlation function from a chaotic source of granular droplets exhibits large fluctuations, with maxima and minima at relative momenta which depend on the relative coordinates of the droplet centers. The presence of this type of maxima and minima of a single-event correlation function at many relative momenta is a signature for a granular structure and a first-order QCD phase transition. We further observe that the Fourier transform of the correlation function of a granular structure exhibits maxima at the relative spatial coordinates of the droplet centers, which can provide another signature of the granular structure. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China. RP Wong, CY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 76 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064904 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100046 ER PT J AU Wu, CY Hua, H Cline, D Hayes, AB Teng, R Clark, RM Fallon, P Goergen, A Macchiavelli, AO Vetter, K AF Wu, CY Hua, H Cline, D Hayes, AB Teng, R Clark, RM Fallon, P Goergen, A Macchiavelli, AO Vetter, K TI Multifaceted yrast structure and the onset of deformation in Sr-96,Sr-97 and Zr-98,Zr-99 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHAPE COEXISTENCE; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; MONOPOLE STRENGTH; MASS REGION; NUCLEI; ZR-100; STATES; TRANSITION; DETECTOR; FISSION AB Neutron-rich Sr-96,Sr-97 and Zr-98,Zr-99 nuclei were populated as fission fragments produced by the U-238(alpha,f) fusion-fission reaction. The yrast states of these nuclei have been extended up to approximate to20 (h) over bar, which is about 6 (h) over bar on average beyond the previously known spin, by studying the prompt gamma rays in coincidence with the detection of both fission fragments. This extension allows the observation of yrast states with spins beyond approximate to4(+) in Sr-96 and Zr-98 evolving from vibrationlike states to rotationlike states. With an additional neutron, the yrast states with excitation energies above approximate to600 keV in Sr-97 and Zr-99 have the characteristics of members of rotationlike bands for both positive- and negative-parity states. However, their underlying single-particle configurations cannot be determined uniquely by the measured intensity ratios of DeltaI=1 to DeltaI=2 transitions because of possible configuration mixing. The sharp variations in the yrast structure of these nuclei are discussed in terms of the gradualness of the onset of quadrupole deformation. C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 064312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064312 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100021 ER PT J AU Zheng, X Aniol, K Armstrong, DS Averett, TD Bertozzi, W Binet, S Burtin, E Busato, E Butuceanu, C Calarco, J Camsonne, A Cates, GD Chai, Z Chen, JP Choi, S Chudakov, E Cusanno, F De Leo, R Deur, A Dieterich, S Dutta, D Finn, JM Frullani, S Gao, H Gao, J Garibaldi, F Gilad, S Gilman, R Gomez, J Hansen, JO Higinbotham, DW Hinton, W Horn, T de Jager, CW Jiang, X Kaufman, L Kelly, J Korsch, W Kramer, K LeRose, J Lhuillier, D Liyanage, N Margaziotis, DJ Marie, F Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Moffit, B Nanda, S Neyret, D Phillips, SK Powell, A Pussieux, T Reitz, B Roche, J Roche, R Roedelbronn, M Ron, G Rvachev, M Saha, A Savvinov, N Singh, J Sirca, S Slifer, K Solvignon, P Souder, P Steiner, DJ Strauch, S Sulkosky, V Tobias, A Urciuoli, G Vacheret, A Wojtsekhowski, B Xiang, H Xiao, Y Xiong, F Zhang, B Zhu, L Zhu, X Zolnierczuk, PA AF Zheng, X Aniol, K Armstrong, DS Averett, TD Bertozzi, W Binet, S Burtin, E Busato, E Butuceanu, C Calarco, J Camsonne, A Cates, GD Chai, Z Chen, JP Choi, S Chudakov, E Cusanno, F De Leo, R Deur, A Dieterich, S Dutta, D Finn, JM Frullani, S Gao, H Gao, J Garibaldi, F Gilad, S Gilman, R Gomez, J Hansen, JO Higinbotham, DW Hinton, W Horn, T de Jager, CW Jiang, X Kaufman, L Kelly, J Korsch, W Kramer, K LeRose, J Lhuillier, D Liyanage, N Margaziotis, DJ Marie, F Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Moffit, B Nanda, S Neyret, D Phillips, SK Powell, A Pussieux, T Reitz, B Roche, J Roche, R Roedelbronn, M Ron, G Rvachev, M Saha, A Savvinov, N Singh, J Sirca, S Slifer, K Solvignon, P Souder, P Steiner, DJ Strauch, S Sulkosky, V Tobias, A Urciuoli, G Vacheret, A Wojtsekhowski, B Xiang, H Xiao, Y Xiong, F Zhang, B Zhu, L Zhu, X Zolnierczuk, PA CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration TI Precision measurement of the neutron spin asymmetries and spin-dependent structure functions in the valence quark region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; ELECTRON-DEUTERON SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G(1)(N); STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIO; MUON-PROTON-SCATTERING; E-P; CROSS-SECTIONS; POLARIZED HE-3 AB We report on measurements of the neutron spin asymmetries A(1,2)(n) and polarized structure functions g(1,2)(n) at three kinematics in the deep inelastic region, with x=0.33, 0.47, and 0.60 and Q(2)=2.7, 3.5, and 4.8 (GeV/c)(2), respectively. These measurements were performed using a 5.7 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam and a polarized He-3 target. The results for A(1)(n) and g(1)(n) at x=0.33 are consistent with previous world data and, at the two higher-x points, have improved the precision of the world data by about an order of magnitude. The new A(1)(n) data show a zero crossing around x=0.47 and the value at x=0.60 is significantly positive. These results agree with a next-to-leading-order QCD analysis of previous world data. The trend of data at high x agrees with constituent quark model predictions but disagrees with that from leading-order perturbative QCD (PQCD) assuming hadron helicity conservation. Results for A(2)(n) and g(2)(n) have a precision comparable to the best world data in this kinematic region. Combined with previous world data, the moment d(2)(n) was evaluated and the new result has improved the precision of this quantity by about a factor of 2. When combined with the world proton data, polarized quark distribution functions were extracted from the new g(1)(n)/F-1(n) values based on the quark-parton model. While results for Deltau/u agree well with predictions from various models, results for Deltad/d disagree with the leading-order PQCD prediction when hadron helicity conservation is imposed. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Blaise Pascal Clermont Ferrand, F-177 Aubiere, France. CNRS, IN2P3, LPC 63, F-177 Aubiere, France. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Zhu, Xiaofeng/B-9493-2011; Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011; Singh, Jaideep/H-2346-2013; Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014 OI Singh, Jaideep/0000-0002-4810-4824; Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526 NR 162 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 065207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.065207 PG 25 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887LR UT WOS:000226308100056 ER PT J AU Alishahiha, M Silverstein, E Tong, D AF Alishahiha, M Silverstein, E Tong, D TI DBI in the sky: Non-Gaussianity from inflation with a speed limit SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; K-INFLATION; PERTURBATIONS; BRANES AB We analyze the spectrum of density perturbations generated in models of the recently discovered "D-cceleration" mechanism of inflation. In this scenario, strong coupling quantum field theoretic effects sum to provide a Dirac-Born-Infeld-like action for the inflaton. We show that the model has a strict lower bound on the non-Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background radiation power spectrum at an observable level, and is thus falsifiable. This, in particular, observationally distinguishes this mechanism from traditional slow-roll inflation generated by weakly interacting scalar fields. The model also favors a large observable tensor component to the cosmic microwave background radiation spectrum. C1 Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math IPM, Tehran, Iran. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math IPM, POB 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran. EM alishah@ipm.ir; evas@slac.stanford.edu; dtong@mit.edu NR 49 TC 622 Z9 621 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 12 AR 123505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.123505 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZQ UT WOS:000226054800022 ER PT J AU Aoki, S Bar, O AF Aoki, S Bar, O TI Twisted mass QCD, O(a) improvement, and Wilson chiral perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LATTICE QCD; SPONTANEOUS BREAKING; CONTINUUM-LIMIT; PHASE-STRUCTURE; U(1) PROBLEM; FERMIONS; PARITY AB We point out a caveat in the proof for automatic O(a) improvement in twisted mass lattice QCD at maximal twist angle. With the definition for the twist angle previously given by Frezzotti and Rossi, automatic O(a) improvement can fail unless the quark mass satisfies m(q)>>a(2)Lambda(QCD)(3). We propose a different definition for the twist angle which does not require a restriction on the quark mass for automatic O(a) improvement. In order to illustrate explicitly automatic O(a) improvement we compute the pion mass in the corresponding chiral effective theory. We consider different definitions for maximal twist and show explicitly the absence or presence of the leading O(a) effect, depending on the size of the quark mass. C1 Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Aoki, S (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. OI Baer, Oliver/0000-0002-7480-6467 NR 35 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 116011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.116011 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700100 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Destree, J Ford, WT Lee, CL Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G 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Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Destree, J Ford, WT Lee, CL Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R 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GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for B-meson decays to two-body final states with a(0)(980) mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We present a search for B decays to charmless final states involving charged or neutral a(0) mesons. The data sample corresponds to 89x10(6) B(B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector operating at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. We find no significant signals and determine the following 90% C.L. upper limits: B(B-0-->a(0)(-)pi(+))<5.1x10(-6), B(B-0-->a(0)(-)K(+))<2.1x10(-6), B(B--->a(0)(-)(K) over bar (0))<3.9x10(-6), B(B+-->a(0)(0)pi(+))<5.8x10(-6), B(B+-->a(0)(0)K(+))<2.5x10(-6), and B(B-0-->a(0)(0)K(0))<7.8x10(-6), where in all cases B indicates the product of branching fractions for B-->a(0)X and a(0)-->etapi, where X indicates K or pi. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. 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RI Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015 OI Cavoto, Gianluca/0000-0003-2161-918X; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Cibinetto, Gianluigi/0000-0002-3491-6231; Galeazzi, Fulvio/0000-0002-6830-9982; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Lafferty, George/0000-0003-0658-4919; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866; Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975 NR 14 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 111102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.111102 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700002 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Koeneke, K Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Koeneke, K Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of branching fractions and CP and isospin asymmetries for B -> K-*gamma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID K-ASTERISK-GAMMA; TO-LEADING ORDER; B-MESONS; DECAYS; DETECTOR AB The branching fractions of the decays B-0-->K(*0)gamma and B+-->K(*+)gamma are measured using a sample of 88x10(6)B(B) over bar events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We find B(B-0-->K(*0)gamma)=[3.92+/-0.20(stat)+/-0.24(syst)]x10(-5), B(B+-->K(*+)gamma)=[3.87+/-0.28(stat)+/-0.26(syst)]x10(-5). Our measurements also constrain the direct CP asymmetry to be -0.074K(*)gamma)<0.049 and the isospin asymmetry to be -0.046egamma, the decay rate we get is much suppressed and yet it is large enough to be accessible to the next generation of experiments. We have also investigated the possibility of baryogenesis resulting from soft leptogenesis. We find that with the soft-SUSY masses assuming their natural values, B' = rootBM(1) similar to 1.4 TeV and Im(A) similar to 1 TeV, the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe can be accommodated in our model. We have also updated the predictions of our model for the masses, mixing angles, and CP violating measures in both charged fermion and neutrino sectors, using the most up-to-date experimental data as input. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chen@quark.phy.bnl.gov; ktm@pizero.colorado.edu NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 113013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.113013 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700031 ER PT J AU Friedland, A Lunardini, C Maltoni, M AF Friedland, A Lunardini, C Maltoni, M TI Atmospheric neutrinos as probes of neutrino-matter interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; SCATTERING AB Neutrino oscillation experiments provide a unique tool for probing neutrino-matter interactions, especially those involving the tau neutrino. We describe the sensitivity of the present atmospheric neutrino data to these interactions in the framework of a three-flavor analysis. Compared to the two-flavor nu(mu)-nu(tau) analyses, we find qualitatively new features, in particular, that large nonstandard interactions, comparable in strength to those in the Standard Model, can be consistent with the data. The existence of such interactions could imply a smaller value of the neutrino mixing angle and larger value of the mass-squared splitting than in the case of standard interactions only. This and other effects of nonstandard interactions may be tested in the next several years by MINOS, KamLAND, and solar neutrino experiments. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Aspen Ctr Phys, Aspen, CO USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8,MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM friedland@lanl.gov; lunardi@ias.edu; maltoni@insti.physics.sunysb.edu RI Maltoni, Michele/H-9250-2015 OI Maltoni, Michele/0000-0001-7444-4542 NR 28 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 111301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.111301 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700004 ER PT J AU Hall, LJ Watari, T AF Hall, LJ Watari, T TI Electroweak supersymmetry with an approximate U(1) Peccei-Quinn symmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STRONG CP PROBLEM; PARTICLE PHYSICS; BEAM-DUMP; AXIONS; CONSTRAINTS; SN-1987A; SEARCH; DECAY; PSEUDOSCALARS; CONSERVATION AB A predictive framework for supersymmetry at the TeV scale is presented, which incorporates the Ciafaloni-Pomarol mechanism for the dynamical determination of the mu parameter. The mu parameter of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) is replaced by lambdaS, where S is a singlet field, leading to a Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry. The axion becomes a heavy pseudoscalar, G, by adding a mass, m(G), by hand. The explicit breaking of PQ symmetry is assumed to be sufficiently weak at the TeV scale that the only observable consequence is the mass m(G). Three models for the explicit PQ breaking are given; but the utility of this framework is that the predictions for all physics at the electroweak scale are independent of the particular model for PQ breaking. This framework leads to a theory similar to the MSSM, except that mu is predicted by the Ciafaloni-Pomarol relation, and there are light, weakly-coupled states that lie dominantly in the superfield S. The production and cascade decay of superpartners at colliders occurs as in the MSSM, except that there is one extra stage of the cascade chain, with the next-to-LSP decaying to its superpartner and s, dramatically altering the collider signatures for supersymmetry. The framework is compatible with terrestrial experiments and astrophysical observations for a wide range of m(G) and . If G is as light as possible, 300 keVK(0)p decays using data from the 1999 run of the HyperCP experiment at Fermilab. We see no evidence for a narrow peak in the K(S)(0)p mass distribution near 1.54 GeV/c among 106 000 K(S)(0)p candidates, and obtain an upper limit for the fraction of theta(+)(1.54) to K(S)(0)p candidates of <0.3% at 90% confidence. C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Guanajuato, Leon 37000, Mexico. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Longo, MJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mlongo@umich.edu RI Lu, Lanchun/E-3551-2011; OI Longo, Michael/0000-0002-5762-8670 NR 28 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 111101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.111101 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700001 ER PT J AU Pogodin, P Alkhazov, G Atamantchouk, AG Balatz, MY Bondar, NF Cooper, PS Dauwe, LJ Davidenko, GV Dersch, U Dolgolenko, AG Dzyubenko, GB Edelstein, R Emediato, L Endler, AMF Engelfried, J Eschrich, I Escobar, CO Evdokimov, AV Filimonov, IS Garcia, FG Gaspero, M Giller, I Golovtsov, VL Gouffon, P Gulmez, E Kangling, H Iori, M Jun, SY Kaya, M Kilmer, J Kim, VT Kochenda, LM Konorov, I Kozhevnikov, AP Krivshich, AG Kruger, H Kubantsev, MA Kubarovsky, VP Kulyavtsev, AI Kuropatkin, NP Kurshetsov, VF Kushnirenko, A Kwan, S Lach, J Lamberto, A Landsberg, LG Larin, I Leikin, EM Yushan, L Luksys, M Lungov, T Maleev, VP Chensheng, M Mao, D Zhenlin, M Mathew, P Mattson, M Matveev, V McCliment, E Moinester, MA Molchanov, VV Morelos, A Nelson, KD Nemitkin, AV Neoustroev, PV Newsom, C Nilov, AP Nurushev, SB Ocherashvili, A de Oliveira, E Onel, Y Ozel, E Ozkurucuklu, S Penzo, A Petrenko, SV Procario, M Prutskoi, VA Ramberg, E Rappazzo, GF Razmyslovich, BV Rud, VI Russ, J Schiavon, P Simon, J Sitnikov, AI Skow, D Smith, VJ Srivastava, M Steiner, V Stepanov, V Stutte, L Svoiski, M Terentyev, NK Thomas, GP Uvarov, LN Vasiliev, AN Vavilov, DV Verebryusov, VS Victorov, VA Vishnyakov, VE Vorobyov, AA Vorwalter, K You, J Wenhang, Z Shuchen, Z Zukanovich-Funchal, R AF Pogodin, P Alkhazov, G Atamantchouk, AG Balatz, MY Bondar, NF Cooper, PS Dauwe, LJ Davidenko, GV Dersch, U Dolgolenko, AG Dzyubenko, GB Edelstein, R Emediato, L Endler, AMF Engelfried, J Eschrich, I Escobar, CO Evdokimov, AV Filimonov, IS Garcia, FG Gaspero, M Giller, I Golovtsov, VL Gouffon, P Gulmez, E Kangling, H Iori, M Jun, SY Kaya, M Kilmer, J Kim, VT Kochenda, LM Konorov, I Kozhevnikov, AP Krivshich, AG Kruger, H Kubantsev, MA Kubarovsky, VP Kulyavtsev, AI Kuropatkin, NP Kurshetsov, VF Kushnirenko, A Kwan, S Lach, J Lamberto, A Landsberg, LG Larin, I Leikin, EM Yushan, L Luksys, M Lungov, T Maleev, VP Chensheng, M Mao, D Zhenlin, M Mathew, P Mattson, M Matveev, V McCliment, E Moinester, MA Molchanov, VV Morelos, A Nelson, KD Nemitkin, AV Neoustroev, PV Newsom, C Nilov, AP Nurushev, SB Ocherashvili, A de Oliveira, E Onel, Y Ozel, E Ozkurucuklu, S Penzo, A Petrenko, SV Procario, M Prutskoi, VA Ramberg, E Rappazzo, GF Razmyslovich, BV Rud, VI Russ, J Schiavon, P Simon, J Sitnikov, AI Skow, D Smith, VJ Srivastava, M Steiner, V Stepanov, V Stutte, L Svoiski, M Terentyev, NK Thomas, GP Uvarov, LN Vasiliev, AN Vavilov, DV Verebryusov, VS Victorov, VA Vishnyakov, VE Vorobyov, AA Vorwalter, K You, J Wenhang, Z Shuchen, Z Zukanovich-Funchal, R CA SELEX Collaboration TI Polarization of Sigma(+) hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons on Cu and Be SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE DECAY; HIGH-ENERGIES; ASYMMETRY; PI(-); MODEL AB We show that Sigma(+) hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons on targets of Be and Cu have significant polarizations (15-20%). These polarizations persist at values of p(t)approximate to2 GeV/c and a wide range of x(F). The polarizations from the Cu target are consistently less than from Be. The average ratio of the Sigma(+) polarization from Cu to that from Be is 0.68+/-0.08. C1 Ball State Univ, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. Bogazici Univ, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Univ Fed Paraiba, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Michigan, Flint, MI 48502 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. RP Oracle Corp, Legal Dept, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA. RI Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Maleev, Victor/R-4140-2016 OI Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 112005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.112005 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700015 ER PT J AU Schafer, T Schwenzer, K AF Schafer, T Schwenzer, K TI Neutrino emission from ungapped quark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BETA-DECAY; PAIR EMISSION; STARS; DENSITY; COLOR; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FLAVOR; QCD; SUPERFLUIDITY; EMISSIVITIES AB We study neutrino emission from a normal, ungapped, quark phase in the core of a compact star. Neutrino emission from noninteracting quark matter leads to an emissivity that scales as epsilonsimilar toT(7). We show that the emissivity is enhanced by a combination of Fermi liquid and non-Fermi liquid effects. Fermi liquid effects lead to an emissivity that scales as epsilonsimilar toalpha(s)T(6), as originally shown by Iwamoto. We demonstrate that non-Fermi liquid effects further enhance the rate, leading to epsilonsimilar toalpha(s)(3)T(6)log(m/T)(2), where m is the electric screening scale and m>>T under the conditions found in compact stars. We show, however, that combined with non-Fermi liquid effects in the specific heat the enhancement in the emissivity only leads to a modest reduction in the temperature of the star at late times. Our results confirm existing bounds on the presence of ungapped quark matter in compact stars. We also discuss neutrino emission from superconducting phases with ungapped fermionic excitations. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schafer, T (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. OI Schaefer, Thomas/0000-0002-2297-782X NR 60 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 114037 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.114037 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700069 ER PT J AU Simonov, YA Tjon, JA AF Simonov, YA Tjon, JA TI Coupled-channel analysis of the D and D-s mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-LIGHT MESONS; RELATIVISTIC QUARK-MODEL; QCD; SPECTRUM; MASS; D-SJ(+)(2632); CHARMONIUM; VACUUM; SCALAR; STATE AB The shift of the p-wave D-s meson mass due to coupling to the DK channel is calculated using a QCD string model and the chiral Lagrangian. As a result the original Q(q) over bar mass, 2.490 MeV, generically calculated in the relativistic quark models is shifted down to the experimental value 2317 MeV. With the same Lagrangian the shift of the radial excited 1(-) level is much smaller, while the total width Gamma>100 MeV and the width ratio is in contradiction with the D*(2632) state observed by SELEX Collaboration. C1 State Res Ctr, Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Groningen, KVI, Groningen, Netherlands. RP State Res Ctr, Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. NR 44 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 114013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.114013 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700045 ER PT J AU Sullivan, Z AF Sullivan, Z TI Understanding single-top-quark production and jets at hadron colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID W-GLUON FUSION; PARITY-VIOLATING SUPERSYMMETRY; FERMILAB-TEVATRON; YUKAWA CORRECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; MODEL; COUPLINGS; SPIN; LHC; Q(Q)OVER-BAR->T(B)OVER-BAR AB I present an analysis of fully differential single-top-quark production plus jets at next-to-leading-order. I describe the effects of jet definitions, top-quark mass, and higher orders on the shapes and normalizations of the kinematic distributions, and quantify all theoretical uncertainties. I explain how to interpret next-to-leading-order jet calculations, and compare them to showering event generators. Using the program ZTOP, I show that HERWIG and PYTHIA significantly underestimate both s-channel and t-channel single-top-quark production, and propose a scheme to match the relevant samples to the next-to-leading-order predictions. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 94 TC 141 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 AR 114012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.114012 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZP UT WOS:000226054700044 ER PT J AU Wang, S Khoury, J Haiman, Z May, M AF Wang, S Khoury, J Haiman, Z May, M TI Constraining the evolution of dark energy with a combination of galaxy cluster observables SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; REDSHIFT SURVEYS; POWER-SPECTRUM; UNIVERSE; ABUNDANCE; SIGMA(8); POLARIZATION; OSCILLATIONS; TELESCOPE; OMEGA(M) AB We show that the abundance and redshift distribution (dN/dz) of galaxy clusters in future high-yield cluster surveys, combined with the spatial power spectrum [P-c(k)] of the same clusters, can place significant constraints on the evolution of the dark energy equation of state, w=w(a). We evaluate the expected errors on w(a)=-dw/da and other cosmological parameters using a Fisher matrix approach, and simultaneously including cluster structure evolution parameters in our analysis. We study three different types of forthcoming surveys that will identify clusters based on their x-ray emission (such as DUO, the Dark Universe Observatory), their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) decrement (such as SPT, the South Pole Telescope), or their weak-lensing shear (such as LSST, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope). We find that combining the cluster abundance and power spectrum significantly enhances constraints from either method alone. We show that the weak-lensing survey can deliver a constraint as tight as Deltaw(a)similar to0.1 on the evolution of the dark energy equation of state, and that the x-ray and SZ surveys each yield Deltaw(a)similar to0.4 separately, or Deltaw(a)similar to0.2 when these two surveys are combined. For the x-ray and SZ surveys, constraints on dark energy parameters are improved by a factor of 2 by combining the cluster data with cosmic microwave background anisotropy measurements by Planck, but degrade by a factor of 2 if the survey is required to solve simultaneously for cosmological and cluster structure evolution parameters. The constraint on w(a) from the weak-lensing survey is improved by similar to25% with the addition of Planck data. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Inst Strings Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 54 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 12 AR 123008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.123008 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 883ZQ UT WOS:000226054800017 ER PT J AU Baig, C Kalyuzhnyi, YV Cui, ST Cochran, HD AF Baig, C Kalyuzhnyi, YV Cui, ST Cochran, HD TI Structure of a sheared soft-disk fluid from a nonequilibrium potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DENSE SIMPLE FLUIDS; HARD-SPHERES; DYNAMICS; EQUATION; LIQUIDS AB The distortion of structure of a simple, inverse-12, soft-disk fluid undergoing two-dimensional plane Couette flow was studied by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation and by equilibrium Monte Carlo (MC) simulation with a nonequilibrium potential, under which the equilibrium structure of the fluid is that of the nonequilibrium fluid. Extension of the iterative predictor-corrector method of [Reatto Phys. Rev. A 33 3451 (1986)] was used to extract the nonequilibrium potential with the structure input from the NEMD simulation. Very good agreement for the structural properties and pressure tensor generated by the NEMD and MC simulation methods was found, thus providing the evidence that nonequilibrium liquid structure can be accurately reproduced via simple equilibrium simulations or theories using a properly chosen nonequilibrium potential. The method developed in the present study and numerical results presented here can be used to guide and test theoretical developments, providing them with the "experimental" results for the nonequilibrium potential. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Inst Condensed Matter Phys, UA-79011 Lvov, Ukraine. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Baig, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Baig, Chunggi/G-3154-2011 OI Baig, Chunggi/0000-0001-8278-8804 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 061204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.061204 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 887IH UT WOS:000226298700017 PM 15697346 ER PT J AU Johansson, M Rasmussen, KO AF Johansson, M Rasmussen, KO TI Statistical mechanics of general discrete nonlinear Schrodinger models: Localization transition and its relevance for Klein-Gordon lattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STANDING-WAVE INSTABILITIES; BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; COUPLED OSCILLATORS; BREATHERS; ENERGY; CHAIN; EXCITATIONS; THRESHOLDS; SUPERFLUID; EXISTENCE AB We extend earlier work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3740 (2000)] on the statistical mechanics of the cubic one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schrodinger (DNLS) equation to a more general class of models, including higher dimensionalities and nonlinearities of arbitrary degree. These extensions are physically motivated by the desire to describe situations with an excitation threshold for creation of localized excitations, as well as by recent work suggesting noncubic DNLS models to describe Bose-Einstein condensates in deep optical lattices, taking into account the effective condensate dimensionality. Considering ensembles of initial conditions with given values of the two conserved quantities, norm and Hamiltonian, we calculate analytically the boundary of the "normal" Gibbsian regime corresponding to infinite temperature, and perform numerical simulations to illuminate the nature of the localization dynamics outside this regime for various cases. Furthermore, we show quantitatively how this DNLS localization transition manifests itself for small-amplitude oscillations in generic Klein-Gordon lattices of weakly coupled anharmonic oscillators (in which energy is the only conserved quantity), and determine conditions for the existence of persistent energy localization over large time scales. C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Johansson, M (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. EM mjn@ifm.liu.se; kor@lanl.gov RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Johansson, Magnus/G-7097-2011 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Johansson, Magnus/0000-0001-6708-1560 NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 066610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066610 PN 2 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 887IM UT WOS:000226299200109 PM 15697529 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Dmitriev, SV Takeno, S Bishop, AR Aifantis, EC AF Kevrekidis, PG Dmitriev, SV Takeno, S Bishop, AR Aifantis, EC TI Rich example of geometrically induced nonlinearity: From rotobreathers and kinks to moving localized modes and resonant energy transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BASE-ROTATOR MODEL; TOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; BREATHERS; DNA; LATTICES AB We present an experimentally realizable, simple mechanical system with linear interactions whose geometric nature leads to nontrivial, nonlinear dynamical equations. The equations of motion are derived and their ground state structures are analyzed. Selective "static" features of the model are examined in the context of nonlinear waves including rotobreathers and kinklike solitary waves. We also explore "dynamic" features of the model concerning the resonant transfer of energy and the role of moving intrinsic localized modes in the process. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Ind Sci, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538505, Japan. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. Nagoya Inst Appl Sci, Grad Sch, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Lab Mech & Mat, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. RP Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Lederle Grad Res Tower, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Aifantis, Elias/F-7087-2011 OI Aifantis, Elias/0000-0002-6846-5686 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 066627 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066627 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 887IM UT WOS:000226299200126 ER PT J AU Liang, E Smith, RL Clague, DS AF Liang, E Smith, RL Clague, DS TI Dielectrophoretic manipulation of finite sized species and the importance of the quadrupolar contribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FIELD-FLOW-FRACTIONATION; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; ELECTRODE ARRAYS; CELL-SEPARATION; DNA-MOLECULES; ELECTROROTATION; FORCE AB Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is the movement of polarizable species in a nonuniform electric field. DEP is used to attract (positive DEP) to or repel from (negative DEP) regions of high field intensity and is useful for manipulating species, including biological species. Current theoretical and numerical approaches used to predict the response to DEP forces assume that the target species is a point particle; however, in practice, the target species is of finite size, e.g., macromolecules, spores and assay beads. To elucidate the importance of target species size effects, higher order terms in the DEP force multipole expansion must be considered [P.R.C. Gascoyne and J. Vykoukal, Electrophoresis 23, 1973 (2002)]. In this paper, we used the method of Green's function to derive and explore the importance of the quadrupolar contribution to the DEP forces acting on finite-sized species produced by a planar, interdigitated array of electrodes. Based on the analysis, it was found, for example, that at a fixed height of 20 mum in an interdigitated DEP array with an electrode width and spacing of 20 mum energized by a 10 Vp p, 1.0 MHz ac signal, the quadrupolar contribution to the total DEP force was 5% for a latex bead with 4.2 mum in radius and 10% for the one with 6 mum in radius. For a fixed, fractional quadrupolar contribution, beta, both the exact calculation and the scaling estimate elucidate that the critical size of particle increase linearly with the electrode width (and spacing) at a fixed height, while the critical particle radius increases with a square-root dependence on the width height above the electrode in the electrode array. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Micro & Nano Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Maine, Surface Sci & Technol Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Clague, DS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Micro & Nano Technol, L-223, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM clague1@llnl.gov RI Smith, Rosemary/H-7359-2015 OI Smith, Rosemary/0000-0001-8483-6777 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 AR 066617 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066617 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 887IM UT WOS:000226299200116 PM 15697536 ER PT J AU Cohen, RH Friedman, A Lund, SM Molvik, AW Lee, EP Azevedo, T Vay, JL Stoltz, P Veitzer, S AF Cohen, RH Friedman, A Lund, SM Molvik, AW Lee, EP Azevedo, T Vay, JL Stoltz, P Veitzer, S TI Electron-cloud simulation and theory for high-current heavy-ion beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Stray electrons can arise in positive-ion accelerators for heavy-ion fusion or other applications as a result of ionization of ambient gas or gas released from walls due to halo-ion impact, or as a result of secondary-electron emission. We summarize the distinguishing features of electron-cloud issues in heavy-ion-fusion accelerators and a plan for developing a self-consistent simulation capability for heavy-ion beams and electron clouds (also applicable to other accelerators). We also present results from several ingredients in this capability. (1) We calculate the electron cloud produced by electron desorption from computed beam-ion loss, which illustrates the importance of retaining ion reflection at the walls. ( 2) We simulate the effect of specified electron-cloud distributions on ion beam dynamics. We consider here electron distributions with axially varying density, centroid location, or radial shape, and examine both random and sinusoidally varying perturbations. We find that amplitude variations are most effective in spoiling ion beam quality, though for sinusoidal variations which match the natural ion beam centroid oscillation or breathing-mode frequencies, the centroid and shape perturbations can also have significant impact. We identify an instability associated with a resonance between the beam-envelope "breathing'' mode and the electron perturbation. We estimate its growth rate, which is moderate (compared to the reciprocal of a typical pulse duration). One conclusion from this study is that heavy-ion beams are surprisingly robust to electron clouds, compared to a priori expectations. ( 3) We report first results from a long-time-step algorithm for electron dynamics, which holds promise for efficient simultaneous solution of electron and ion dynamics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. TechX Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Cohen, RH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rcohen@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD DEC PY 2004 VL 7 IS 12 AR 124201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.124201 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 881DO UT WOS:000225843800006 ER PT J AU Luo, Y AF Luo, Y TI Linear coupling parametrization in the action-angle frame SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The linear coupling's parameterization in the uncoupled action-angle frame is introduced, where the two eigenmodes' phases at one point and the phase advances between two points in the ring are well defined. The general expressions of the coordinates (x, x', y, y') are also given. The transfer matrix P from the action-angle frame to the laboratory frame can be obtained from the eigenvectors of the one-turn transfer map T or from Twiss and coupling parameters defined in Edwards-Teng parameterization. Matrix P can also be constructed from turn-by-turn beam position monitor (BPM) data. The phase ellipses and beam sizes in different projection planes are calculated through the action-angle parameterization. The two eigenmodes' Twiss and coupling parameters at point s(2) are described in terms of the section transfer map T1-->2 and parameters at point s(1). The linear coupling's action-angle parameterization is useful for the analytical calculations and turn-by-turn BPM data interpretations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Luo, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yluo@bnl.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD DEC PY 2004 VL 7 IS 12 AR 124001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.124001 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 881DO UT WOS:000225843800004 ER PT J AU Sun, YE Piot, P Kim, KJ Barov, N Lidia, S Santucci, J Tikhoplav, R Wennerberg, J AF Sun, Y. -E Piot, P. Kim, K. -J. Barov, N. Lidia, S. Santucci, J. Tikhoplav, R. Wennerberg, J. TI Generation of angular-momentum-dominated electron beams from a photoinjector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Various projects under study require an angular-momentum-dominated electron beam generated by a photoinjector. Some of the proposals directly use the angular-momentum-dominated beams (e.g., electron cooling of heavy ions), while others require the beam to be transformed into a flat beam (e.g., possible electron injectors for light sources and linear colliders). In this paper we report our experimental study of an angular-momentum-dominated beam produced in a photoinjector, addressing the dependencies of angular momentum on initial conditions. We also briefly discuss the removal of angular momentum. The results of the experiment, carried out at the Fermilab/NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory, are found to be in good agreement with theoretical and numerical models. C1 [Sun, Y. -E; Kim, K. -J.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Piot, P.; Santucci, J.; Wennerberg, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kim, K. -J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barov, N.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Lidia, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tikhoplav, R.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Sun, YE (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM yinesun@uchicago.edu; piot@fnal.gov FU Universities Research Association Inc. [DE-AC02-76CH00300]; U.S. Department of Energy; NICADD FX We wish to express our gratitude to H. Edwards for her many valuable suggestions and stimulating discussions during the experiment, and for her constant support. We are grateful to D. Edwards for his comments on the manuscript and his leadership in the first flat beam demonstration experiment. We are indebted to C. Bohn of Northern Illinois University for carefully reading and commenting on the manuscript. We thank M. Huning, K. Desler for their help in the operation, and W. Muranyi, M. Heinz, M. Rauchmiller, R. Padilla, P. Prieto, and B. Degraff for their excellent technical support. This work was supported by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH00300 with the U.S. Department of Energy, and by NICADD. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD DEC PY 2004 VL 7 IS 12 AR 123501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.123501 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA V25ZC UT WOS:000208514900001 ER PT J AU Raman, SV Zareba, AA Czernuszewicz, RS AF Raman, SV Zareba, AA Czernuszewicz, RS TI Composition dependent analysis of Raman spectra in the modified boroaluminosilicate system: implications for coupling between structural resonance and relaxation in the glass network SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF GLASSES LA English DT Article ID SILICATE-GLASSES; SPECTROSCOPY; DURABILITY; SCATTERING; STATES; FORMS; UNITS; SIO2 AB The boroaluminosilicate system was systematically modified by addition of magnesium, sodium and zirconium oxides. Strong bridging silicate bands as well as narrow and intense nonbridging silicate bands compose the Raman spectra of glasses. The fundamental nonbridging molecular species bands are related to the bridged network bands by the first overtone and signify anharmonic oscillation. At a constant degree of depolymerisation, the nonbridging band intensity depends on the silica content. With decrease in silica content, the bridged network band frequency shifts to a higher value and simultaneously the nonbridging bands intensify. The sharp rise in intensity for the nonbridging bands is attributed to resonant oscillations between the bridged lattice network and nonbridging molecular species. The resonance between the two structural entities possibly occurs in response to relaxation of the bridged network with decrease in silica content. Contributions to enhancement of intensity also presumably arise from resonance in valency bonds and oscillations in the oxygen edge shared polyhedral (ESP) structure for the nonbridging molecular species. The force constant of the ESP species varies as a function of zirconium, sodium and magnesium coordination to apex nonbridging oxygens. The single ESP band transforms to Fermi doublet upon crystallisation to orthosilicate structures of zircon and forsterite. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Raman, SV (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM ramasv@inel.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC GLASS TECHNOLOGY PI SHEFFIELD PA THORNTON 20 HALLAM GATE ROAD, SHEFFIELD S10 5BT, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9090 J9 PHYS CHEM GLASSES JI Phys. Chem. Glasses PD DEC PY 2004 VL 45 IS 6 BP 328 EP 342 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 895CE UT WOS:000226837700003 ER PT J AU Perl, ML AF Perl, ML TI The discovery of the tau lepton and the changes in elementary-particle physics in forty years SO PHYSICS IN PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article DE Martin L. Perl; tau lepton discovery; Stanford Linear Accelerator Center; leptons; tau lepton; tau neutrino; electron; muon; electron-muon puzzle; sequential lepton model; SPEAR; SLAC-LBL detector; high-energy physics ID PROTON ELASTIC SCATTERING; ANOMALOUS MUON PRODUCTION; HEAVY LEPTONS; E&E ANNIHILATION; COLLISIONS; ELECTRONS; SEARCH; LIMITS; GEV/C AB I describe the discovery of the tau lepton in the 1970s using the SPEAR electron-positron collider and the SLAC-LBL detector of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. I also describe the subsequent verification of the existence of the tau lepton and its leptonic nature by experiments at SPEAR and at the DORIS electron-positron collider at DESY As a preliminary to the tau discovery I discuss how I became a physicist and became interested in leptons. This history of the discovery of the tau allows me to give a general picture of the high-energy physics world of forty years ago and to discuss the changes that have occurred in the practice of high-energy physics over these forty years. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Perl, ML (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM martin@slac.stanford.edu NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6944 J9 PHYS PERSPECT JI Phys. Perspect. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 6 IS 4 BP 401 EP 427 DI 10.1007/s00016-003-0218-3 PG 27 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 881AU UT WOS:000225836600004 ER PT J AU Hesse, M Kuznetsova, M Birn, J AF Hesse, M Kuznetsova, M Birn, J TI The role of electron heat flux in guide-field magnetic reconnection SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONLESS RECONNECTION; PARTICLE SIMULATIONS; PLASMA; CHALLENGE; MAGNETOPAUSE; SIGNATURES; REGION; HYBRID; FLOWS; LINE AB A combination of analytical theory and particle-in-cell simulations are employed in order to investigate the electron dynamics near and at the site of guide field magnetic reconnection. A detailed analysis of the contributions to the reconnection electric field shows that both bulk inertia and pressure-based quasiviscous processes are important for the electrons. Analytic scaling demonstrates that conventional approximations for the electron pressure tensor behavior in the dissipation region fail, and that heat flux contributions need to be accounted for. Based on the evolution equation of the heat flux three tensor, which is derived in this paper, an approximate form of the relevant heat flux contributions to the pressure tensor is developed, which reproduces the numerical modeling result reasonably well. Based on this approximation, it is possible to develop a scaling of the electron current layer in the central dissipation region. It is shown that the pressure tensor contributions become important at the scale length defined by the electron Larmor radius in the guide magnetic field. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hesse, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; Kuznetsova, Maria/F-6840-2012 NR 26 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5387 EP 5397 DI 10.1063/1.1795991 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200004 ER PT J AU Belikov, VS Kolesnichenko, YI White, RB AF Belikov, VS Kolesnichenko, YI White, RB TI On the stabilization of fast magnetoacoustic waves by toroidally trapped energetic ions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMAS AB A theory of the trapped-particle-driven fast magnetoacoustic instability with the frequency below the ion gyrofrequency in toroidal plasmas is developed. It is shown that the l=0 resonance (where l is the number of the cyclotron harmonic), which was ignored in previous theories, typically has a strong stabilizing influence on the instability. It is concluded that the fast magnetoacoustic instability observed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment [E. Fredrickson, N. N. Gorelenkev, C. Z. Cheng , Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 145001 (2001)] is caused by the circulating energetic ions only. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Belikov, VS (reprint author), Inst Nucl Res, Prospect Nauky 47, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5409 EP 5412 DI 10.1063/1.1809121 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200007 ER PT J AU Fesenyuk, OP Kolesnichenko, YI Lutsenko, VV White, RB Yakovenko, YV AF Fesenyuk, OP Kolesnichenko, YI Lutsenko, VV White, RB Yakovenko, YV TI Alfven continuum and Alfven eigenmodes in the National Compact Stellarator Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OPTIMIZED STELLARATORS; MHD SPECTROSCOPY; MODES; PLASMAS; W7-AS; INSTABILITIES; EXCITATION; DRIVEN; JT-60U; IONS AB The Alfven continuum (AC) in the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) [G. H. Neilson , in Fusion Energy 2002, 19th Conference Proceedings, Lyon, 2002 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2003), Report IAEA-CN-94/IC-1] is investigated with the AC code COBRA [Ya. I. Kolesnichenko , Phys. Plasmas 8, 491 (2001)]. The resonant interaction of Alfven eigenmodes and the fast ions produced by neutral beam injection is analyzed. Alfven eigenmodes residing in one of the widest gap of the NCSX AC, the ellipticity-induced gap, are studied with the code BOA-E [V. V. Lutsenko , in Fusion Energy 2002, 19th Conference Proceedings, Lyon, 2002 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2003), Report IAEA-CN-94-TH/P3-16]. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Fesenyuk, OP (reprint author), Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Prospekt Nauky 47, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. EM rwhite@pppl.gov RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; Yakovenko, Yuriy/0000-0002-3499-5275 NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5444 EP 5451 DI 10.1063/1.1806136 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200012 ER PT J AU Miles, AR Edwards, MJ Blue, B Hansen, JF Robey, HF Drake, RP Kuranz, C Leibrandt, DR AF Miles, AR Edwards, MJ Blue, B Hansen, JF Robey, HF Drake, RP Kuranz, C Leibrandt, DR TI The effect of a short-wavelength mode on the evolution of a long-wavelength perturbation driven by a strong blast wave SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SUPERNOVA 1987A; HYDRODYNAMICS; ACCELERATION; DIMENSIONS; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION; FUSION; FLUIDS AB Shock-accelerated material interfaces are potentially unstable to both the Richtmyer-Meshkov and Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instabilities. Shear that develops along with these instabilities in turn drives the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. When driven by strong shocks, the evolution and interaction of these instabilities is further complicated by compressibility effects. This paper details a computational study of the formation of jets at strongly driven hydrodynamically unstable interfaces, and the interaction of these jets with one another and with developing spikes and bubbles. This provides a nonlinear spike-spike and spike-bubble interaction mechanism that can have a significant impact on the large-scale characteristics of the mixing layer. These interactions result in sensitivity to the initial perturbation spectrum, including the relative phases of the various modes, that persists long into the nonlinear phase of instability evolution. Implications for instability growth rates, the bubble merger process, and the degree of mix in the layer are described. Results from relevant deceleration RT experiments, performed on OMEGA [J. M. Soures , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2108 (1996)], are shown to demonstrate some of these effects. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20741 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Miles, AR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM miles15@llnl.gov RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5507 EP 5519 DI 10.1063/1.1812758 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200020 ER PT J AU Meezan, NB Divol, L Marinak, MM Kerbel, GD Suter, LJ Stevenson, RM Slark, GE Oades, K AF Meezan, NB Divol, L Marinak, MM Kerbel, GD Suter, LJ Stevenson, RM Slark, GE Oades, K TI Hydrodynamics simulations of 2 omega laser propagation in underdense gasbag plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; TRANSPORT; EQUATION AB Recent 2omega laser propagation and stimulated Raman backscatter (SRS) experiments performed on the Helen laser have been analyzed using the radiation-hydrodynamics code HYDRA [M. M. Marinak, G. D. Kerbel, N. A. Gentile, O. Jones, D. Munro, S. Pollaine, T. R. Dittrich, and S. W. Haan, Phys. Plasmas 8, 2275 (2001)]. These experiments utilized two diagnostics sensitive to the hydrodynamics of gasbag targets: a fast x-ray framing camera (FXI) and a SRS streak spectrometer. With a newly implemented nonlocal thermal transport model, HYDRA is able to reproduce many features seen in the FXI images and the SRS streak spectra. Experimental and simulated side-on FXI images suggest that propagation can be explained by classical laser absorption and the resulting hydrodynamics. Synthetic SRS spectra generated from the HYDRA results reproduce the details of the experimental SRS streak spectra. Most features in the synthetic spectra can be explained solely by axial density and temperature gradients. The total SRS backscatter increases with initial gasbag fill density up to approximate to0.08 times the critical density, then decreases. Data from a near-backscatter imaging camera show that severe beam spray is not responsible for the trend in total backscatter. Filamentation does not appear to be a significant factor in gasbag hydrodynamics. The simulation and analysis techniques established here can be used in ongoing experimental campaigns on the Omega laser facility and the National Ignition Facility. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Atom Weap Estab PLC, Aldermaston, Berks, England. RP Meezan, NB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM meezan1@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5573 EP 5579 DI 10.1063/1.1806476 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200027 ER PT J AU Atanasiu, CV Gunter, S Lackner, K Moraru, A Zakharov, LE Subbotin, AA AF Atanasiu, CV Gunter, S Lackner, K Moraru, A Zakharov, LE Subbotin, AA TI Linear tearing modes calculation for diverted tokamak configurations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID REGION MATCHING DATA; HYDROMAGNETIC STABILITY; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; MHD EQUILIBRIA; PLASMAS; CODE; INSTABILITIES; COMPUTATION; PRESSURE; PINCH AB Writing the expression of the potential energy in terms of the perturbation of the flux function, and performing an Euler minimization, one obtains a system of ordinary differential equations in that perturbation. For a diverted configuration, the usual vanishing boundary conditions for the perturbed flux function at the magnetic axis and at infinity can no longer be used. An approach to fix "natural" boundary conditions for the perturbed flux function just at the plasma boundary has been developed; this replaces the vanishing boundary conditions at infinity. To obtain the necessary metric coefficients from an equilibrium solver, a function exhibiting the same singularity at the X point has been introduced, and thus the separatrix contour was described by a reduced number of moments. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Assoc MEC EURATOM, Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, Bucharest, Romania. EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. Polytech Univ Bucharest, R-77206 Bucharest, Romania. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. IV Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow 12382, Russia. RP Atanasiu, CV (reprint author), Assoc MEC EURATOM, Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, POB MG-36, Bucharest, Romania. EM cva@ipp.mpg.de NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5580 EP 5594 DI 10.1063/1.1806477 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200028 ER PT J AU Rothman, SD Parker, K Robinson, C Knudson, MD AF Rothman, SD Parker, K Robinson, C Knudson, MD TI Measurement of a release adiabat from similar to 8 Mbar in lead using magnetically driven flyer impact SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION; STATE; PLASMA; MATTER AB Using magnetically driven aluminium flyers to generate similar to8 Mbar shocks in lead, which were then transmitted into lower-impedance material samples, points on a lead release adiabat have been measured. The pressure-particle-velocity points were calculated from known sample principal Hugoniots and from shock velocities measured using arrays of fiber-optic active and passive shock breakout diagnostics, and point and line velocity interferometer for a surface of any reflectivity (VISARs). The measured points agree closely with adiabats calculated using models which do not include ionization, or do include it both with, and without, atomic shell effects. Though the data are not sufficient to discriminate between widely different models we may qualitatively identify errors within these models. This is the first attempt to measure a release adiabat from such high pressures. C1 Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rothman, SD (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5620 EP 5625 DI 10.1063/1.1809643 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200032 ER PT J AU Grisham, LR AF Grisham, LR TI Moderate energy ions for high energy density physics experiments SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EMISSION DIODES; CATHODE AB This paper gives the results of a preliminary exploration of whether moderate energy ions (approximate to0.3-3 MeV/amu) could be useful as modest-cost drivers for high energy density physics experiments. It is found that if the target thickness is chosen so that the ion beam enters and then leaves the target in the vicinity of the peak of the dE/dX (stopping power) curve, high uniformity of energy deposition may be achievable while also maximizing the amount of energy per beam particle deposited within the target. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Grisham, LR (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 6 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2004 VL 11 IS 12 BP 5727 EP 5731 DI 10.1063/1.1806137 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 875VM UT WOS:000225450200047 ER PT J AU Libby, SB Weiss, MS AF Libby, SB Weiss, MS TI Clarifying Teller's science story SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Libby, SB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2004 VL 57 IS 12 BP 17 EP 17 DI 10.1063/1.1878321 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 873WF UT WOS:000225311500010 ER PT J AU Crabtree, GW Dresselhaus, MS Buchanan, MV AF Crabtree, GW Dresselhaus, MS Buchanan, MV TI The hydrogen economy SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID STORAGE; WATER C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Crabtree, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Buchanan, Michelle/J-1562-2016 OI Buchanan, Michelle/0000-0002-8078-4575 NR 24 TC 543 Z9 549 U1 20 U2 170 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2004 VL 57 IS 12 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1063/1.1878333 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 873WF UT WOS:000225311500023 ER PT J AU Holian, BL AF Holian, BL TI Is there really a cowboy culture of arrogance at Los Alamos? SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Holian, BL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2004 VL 57 IS 12 BP 60 EP 61 DI 10.1063/1.1878336 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 873WF UT WOS:000225311500026 ER PT J AU Pruvost, NL Stratton, WR AF Pruvost, NL Stratton, WR TI Hugh Campbell Paxton - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Pruvost, NL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2004 VL 57 IS 12 BP 82 EP 83 DI 10.1063/1.1878350 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 873WF UT WOS:000225311500031 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI The health effects of radiation SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD DEC PY 2004 VL 17 IS 12 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 886IZ UT WOS:000226221800016 ER PT J AU Alvarez, G Dagotto, E AF Alvarez, G Dagotto, E TI Superconductors go large SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT News Item C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Alvarez, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD DEC PY 2004 VL 17 IS 12 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 886IZ UT WOS:000226221800024 ER PT J AU Gray, GR Maxwell, DP Villarimo, AR McIntosh, L AF Gray, GR Maxwell, DP Villarimo, AR McIntosh, L TI Mitochondria/nuclear signaling of alternative oxidase gene expression occurs through distinct pathways involving organic acids and reactive oxygen species SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE alternative oxidase; mitochondria; organic acids; reactive oxygen species; tricarboxylic acid cycle ID CYANIDE-RESISTANT RESPIRATION; HIGHER-PLANT MITOCHONDRIA; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; SALICYLIC-ACID; SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TOBACCO; INDUCTION; REDUCTION AB Cultured cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Petit Havana) were used to investigate signals regulating the expression of the "model" nuclear gene encoding the alternative oxidase (AOX) (AOX1), the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial alternative respiratory pathway. Several conditions shown to induce AOX1 mRNA accumulation also result in an increase in cellular citrate concentrations, suggesting that citrate and/or other tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates may be important signal metabolites. In addition, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has recently been shown to be a factor mediating mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling for the expression of AOX1. We found that the exogenously supplied TCA cycle organic acids citrate, malate and 2-oxoglutarate caused rapid and dramatic increases in the steady-state level of AOX1 mRNA at low, near physiological concentrations (0.1 mM). Furthermore, an increase in AOX1 induced by the addition of organic acids occurs independently of mitochondrial ROS formation. Our results demonstrate that two separate pathways for mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling of AOX1 may exist, one involving ROS and the other organic acids. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Gray, GR (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. EM gr.gray@usask.ca NR 53 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD DEC PY 2004 VL 23 IS 7 BP 497 EP 503 DI 10.1007/s00299-004-0848-1 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 882YP UT WOS:000225976600009 PM 15322810 ER PT J AU Heilmann, I Mekhedov, S King, B Browse, J Shanklin, J AF Heilmann, I Mekhedov, S King, B Browse, J Shanklin, J TI Identification of the Arabidopsis palmitoyl-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol Delta 7-desaturase gene FAD5, and effects of plastidial retargeting of Arabidopsis desaturases on the fad5 mutant phenotype SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRAFT SEQUENCE; THALIANA; GENOME; LIPIDS; ACID; DEFICIENT; RICE; COMPLEMENTS; JAPONICA; PROTEIN AB Hexadeca 7,10,13-trienoic acid (16:3Delta(7,10,13)) is one of the most abundant fatty acids in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and a functional component of thylakoid membranes, where it is found as an sn-2 ester of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. The Arabidopsis fad5 mutant lacks activity of the plastidial palmitoyl-monogalactosyldiacylglyceroI Delta7-desaturase FAD5, and is characterized biochemically by the absence of 16:3Delta(7,10,13) and physiologically by reduced chlorophyll content and a reduced recovery rate after photoinhibition. While the fad5 mutation has been mapped, the FAD5 gene was not unambiguously identified, and a formal functional characterization by complementation of fad5 mutant phenotypes has not been reported. Two candidate genes (At3g15850 and At3g15870) predicted to encode plastid-targeted desaturases at the fad5 chromosomal locus were cloned from fad5 plants and sequenced. A nonsense mutation changing codon TGG (Trp-98) into TGA (stop) was identified in At3g15850 (ADS3), whereas the fad5 At3g15870 allele was identical to wild type (after correction of a sequencing error in the published wild-type genomic At3g15870 sequence). Expression of a genomic clone or cDNA for wild-type At3g15850 conferred on fad5 plants the ability to synthesize 163Delta(7,10,13) and restored leaf chlorophyll content. Arabidopsis carrying a T-DNA insertion in At3g15870 had wild-type levels of both 16:3Delta(7,10,13) and chlorophyll. Together, these data formally prove that At3g15850 is FAD5. Interestingly, the fad5 phenotype was partially complemented when extraplastidial Delta9-desaturases of the Arabidopsis desaturase (ADS) family were expressed as fusions with a plastidial transit peptide. Tight correlation between leaf 16:3Delta(7,10,13) levels and chlorophyll content suggests a role for plastidial fatty acid desaturases in thylakoid formation. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Shanklin, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM shanklin@bnl.gov NR 27 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 136 IS 4 BP 4237 EP 4245 DI 10.1104/pp.104.052951 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 881HD UT WOS:000225853100036 PM 15579662 ER PT J AU Kim, SS Choi, SY Park, JH Lee, DJ AF Kim, SS Choi, SY Park, JH Lee, DJ TI Regulation of the activity of Korean radish cationic peroxidase promoter during dedifferentiation and differentiation SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE auxin; cytokinin; dedifferentiation; differentiation; peroxidase; promoter; Raphanus sativus ID TISSUE-CULTURE; TOBACCO; GENE; CYTOKININ; AUXIN; ARABIDOPSIS; ISOENZYMES; INDUCTION; ELEMENT; BINDING AB Studies of the regulation of the activity of the Korean radish cationic peroxidase (KRCP) promoter during dedifferentiation and redifferentiation are reported here. Histochemical staining with 5-bromo-4-chloro-indolyl glucuronide (X-gluc) showed that only dedifferentiated marginal cells of leaf discs of the transgenic plants, but not of the interior region, were stained blue, as leaf discs were incubated on dedifferentiation-inducing medium from 5 days after callus induction (DACI). The levels of cationic peroxidase activity and of KRCP transcripts in Korean radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus L. F I Handsome Fall) were also upregulated by a low ratio of cytokinin to auxin, but not by high concentrations of cytokinin. To identify important cis-regulatory regions controlling callus-specific expression, a series of 5' promoter deletions was carried out with KRCP::GUS gene fusion systems. The data suggest that at least two positively regulatory regions are involved in the KRCP::GUS expression during dedifferentiation induced by a low ratio of cytokinin to auxin: one from -471 to -242 and another from -241 to +196. GUS expression, however, was quickly decreased to a basal level during regeneration of root and shoot. Thus, the downstream region between +197 and +698 seems to be enough to suppress GUS expression of all constructs during regeneration. We further show that the 142-bp fragment (-471 to -328) has at least one cis-element to bind to the nuclear proteins from Korean radish seedlings induced by dedifferentiation. (C) 2004 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Yonsei Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Biochem, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Lee, DJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM leedong@msu.edu NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 42 IS 10 BP 763 EP 772 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2004.09.004 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 885AN UT WOS:000226128300002 PM 15596095 ER PT J AU Takei, N Nakamura, Y Tsutsui, H Yoshino, R Kawano, Y Ozeki, T Tobita, K Tsuji-Iio, S Shimada, R Jardin, SC AF Takei, N Nakamura, Y Tsutsui, H Yoshino, R Kawano, Y Ozeki, T Tobita, K Tsuji-Iio, S Shimada, R Jardin, SC TI Numerical simulation on current spike behaviour of JT-60U disruptive plasmas SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY LIMIT DISRUPTIONS; TOKAMAK; TEMPERATURE AB Characteristics and underlying mechanisms for plasma current spikes, which have been frequently observed during the thermal quench of JT-60U disruptions. were investigated through tokamak simulation code simulations including the passive shell effects of the vacuum vessel. Positive shear and reversed shear (PS and RS) plasmas were shown to have various current spike features in the experiments, e.g. an impulsive increase in the plasma current (Positive spike) in the majority of thermal quenches, and a sudden decrease (negative spike), that has been excluded from past consideration. as an exception. It was,first clarified that the shell effects, which become significant especially at a strong pressure drop due to the thermal quench of high beta(p) plasmas, play an important role in the cur-rent spike in accordance with the initial relation of the radial location between the plasma equilibria and the vacuum vessel. As a consequence, a negative current spike. may appear at thermal quench when the plasma is positioned further out from the geometric centre of the vacuum vessel. It was also pointed out that a further lowering in the internal inductance. in contradiction to previous interpretation in the past, is a plausible candidate for the mechanism for positive current spikes observed even in RS plasmas. The new interpretation enables us to reason out the whole character of current spikes of JT-60U disruptions. C1 Tokyo Inst Technol, Nucl Reactors Res Lab, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Takei, N (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Nucl Reactors Res Lab, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1815 EP 1830 AR PII S0741-3335(04)78141-5 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12/002 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 885AF UT WOS:000226127400003 ER PT J AU Fiore, CL Bonoli, PT Ernst, DR Greenwald, MJ Marmar, ES Redi, MH Rice, JE Wukitch, SJ Zhurovich, K AF Fiore, CL Bonoli, PT Ernst, DR Greenwald, MJ Marmar, ES Redi, MH Rice, JE Wukitch, SJ Zhurovich, K TI Internal transport barrier production and control in Alcator C-Mod SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2004 CL London, ENGLAND SP European Phys Soc ID IMPURITY TOROIDAL ROTATION; OHMIC H-MODE; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; ICRF; PROFILE AB Internal transport barriers (ITBs), marked by a steep density profile, even stronger peaking in the pressure profile and reduction of core transport are obtained in Alcator C-Mod. They are induced by the use of off-axis D(H) ICRF (ion cyclotron range of frequencies) power deposition. They also arise spontaneously in Ohmic H-mode plasmas once the H-mode lasts for several energy confinement times. Recent studies have explored the limits for forming, maintaining and controlling these plasmas. The C-Mod provides a unique platform for studying such discharges: the high density (up to 8 X 10(20) M-3) causes the ions and electrons to be tightly coupled by collisions with T-i/T-e = 1, and the plasma has no internal particle or momentum sources. The ITBs formed in both Ohmic and ICRF heated plasmas are quite similar regardless of the trigger method. Control of impurity influx and heating of the core plasma in the presence of the ITB have been achieved with the addition of central ICRF power, in both Ohmic H-mode and ICRF induced ITBs. Control of the radial location of the transport barrier is achieved through manipulation of the toroidal magnetic field and plasma current. A narrow region of decreased electron thermal transport, as determined by sawtooth heat pulse analysis, is found in these plasmas as well. Transport analysis indicates that reduction of the particle diffusivity in the barrier region allows the neoclassical pinch to drive the density and impurity accumulation in the plasma centre. Examination of the gyro-kinetic stability indicates that the density and temperature profiles of the plasma core are inherently stable to long-wavelength drift mode driven turbulence at the onset time of the ITB, but that the increasing density gradients cause the trapped electron mode to play a role in providing a control mechanism to ultimately limit the density and impurity rise in the plasma centre. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Fiore, CL (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010; OI Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809; Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 SU 12B SI SI BP B281 EP B291 AR PII S0741-3335(04)85285-0 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12B/024 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 894QI UT WOS:000226806300026 ER PT J AU Garbet, X Mantica, P Angioni, C Asp, E Baranov, Y Bourdelle, C Budny, R Crisanti, F Cordey, G Garzotti, L Kirneva, N Hogeweij, D Hoang, T Imbeaux, F Joffrin, E Litaudon, X Manini, A McDonald, C Nordman, H Parail, V Peeters, A Ryter, F Sozzi, C Valovic, M Tala, T Thyagaraja, A Voitsekhovitch, I Weiland, J Weisen, H Zabolotsky, A AF Garbet, X Mantica, P Angioni, C Asp, E Baranov, Y Bourdelle, C Budny, R Crisanti, F Cordey, G Garzotti, L Kirneva, N Hogeweij, D Hoang, T Imbeaux, F Joffrin, E Litaudon, X Manini, A McDonald, C Nordman, H Parail, V Peeters, A Ryter, F Sozzi, C Valovic, M Tala, T Thyagaraja, A Voitsekhovitch, I Weiland, J Weisen, H Zabolotsky, A CA JET EFDA Contributors TI Physics of transport in tokamaks SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2004 CL London, ENGLAND SP European Phys Soc ID L-MODE PLASMAS; GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; DIII-D TOKAMAK; ASDEX UPGRADE; H-MODE; PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; POLOIDAL ROTATION; MAGNETIC SHEAR; TORE-SUPRA; ENERGY CONFINEMENT AB This paper is an overview of recent results relating to turbulent particle and heat transport, and to the triggering of internal transport barriers (ITBs). The dependence of the turbulent particle pinch velocity on plasma parameters has been clarified and compared with experiment. Magnetic shear and collisionality are found to play a central role. Analysis of heat transport has made progress along two directions: dimensionless scaling laws, which are found to agree with the prediction for electrostatic turbulence, and analysis of modulation experiments, which provide a stringent test of transport models. Finally the formation of ITBs has been addressed by analysing electron transport barriers. It is confirmed that negative magnetic shear, combined with the Shafranov shift, is a robust stabilizing mechanism. However, some well established features of internal barriers are not explained by theory. C1 CEa Cadarache, DRFC, DSM, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. CNR, ENEA, EURATOM, Ist Fis Plasma, I-20125 Milan, Italy. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85748 Garching, Germany. UKAEA, EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. ENEA Fus, EURATOM Assoc, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. CNR, ENEA, EURATOM Assoc, Ist Gas Ionizzati, Padua, Italy. RRC, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. FOM, EURATOM Assoc, Inst Plasmafys, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. EURATOM VR Assoc, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. VTT Proc, EURATOM Assoc, TEKES, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CRPP, Assoc Euratom Confederat Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP CEa Cadarache, DRFC, DSM, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. RI Peeters, Arthur/A-1281-2009; Sozzi, Carlo/F-4158-2012; Mantica, Paola/K-3033-2012; Imbeaux, Frederic/A-7614-2013 OI Sozzi, Carlo/0000-0001-8951-0071; NR 110 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 25 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 SU 12B SI SI BP B557 EP B574 AR PII S0741-3335(04)85422-8 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12B/045 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 894QI UT WOS:000226806300047 ER PT J AU Greenfield, CM Murakami, M Ferron, JR Wade, MR Luce, TC Petty, CC Menard, JE Petrie, TW Allen, SL Burrell, KH Casper, TA DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Garofalo, AM Gorelov, IA Groebner, RJ Hobirk, J Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, RJ Kessel, CE La Haye, RJ Jackson, GL Lao, LL Lohr, J Makowski, MA Pinsker, RI Politzer, PA Prater, R Staebler, GM Strait, EJ Taylor, TS West, WP AF Greenfield, CM Murakami, M Ferron, JR Wade, MR Luce, TC Petty, CC Menard, JE Petrie, TW Allen, SL Burrell, KH Casper, TA DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Garofalo, AM Gorelov, IA Groebner, RJ Hobirk, J Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, RJ Kessel, CE La Haye, RJ Jackson, GL Lao, LL Lohr, J Makowski, MA Pinsker, RI Politzer, PA Prater, R Staebler, GM Strait, EJ Taylor, TS West, WP CA DIII-D Team TI Advanced tokamak research in DIII-D SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2004 CL London, ENGLAND SP European Phys Soc ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; CYCLOTRON CURRENT DRIVE; PERFORMANCE ADVANCED TOKAMAK; NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; RADIAL ELECTRIC-FIELD; RESISTIVE WALL MODE; ARBITRARY COLLISIONALITY; COMPLETE SUPPRESSION; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; ASPECT RATIO AB Advanced tokamak (AT) research in DIII-D seeks to provide a scientific basis for steady-state high performance operation in future devices. These regimes require high toroidal beta to maximize fusion output and high poloidal beta to maximize the self-driven bootstrap current. Achieving these conditions requires integrated, simultaneous control of the current and pressure profiles and active magnetohydrodynamic stability control. The building blocks for AT operation are in hand. Resistive wall mode stabilization by plasma rotation and active feedback with non-axisymmetric coils allows routine operation above the no-wall beta limit. Neoclassical tearing modes are stabilized by active feedback control of localized electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Plasma shaping and profile control provide further improvements. Under these conditions, bootstrap supplies most of the current. Steady-state operation requires replacing the remaining inductively driven current, mostly located near the half radius, with non-inductive external sources. In DIII-D this current is provided by ECCD, and nearly stationary AT discharges have been sustained with little remaining inductive current. Fast wave current drive is being developed to control the central magnetic shear. Density control, with divertor cryopumps, of AT discharges with ELMing H-mode edges facilitates high current drive efficiency at reactor relevant collisionalities. An advanced plasma control system allows integrated control of these elements. Close coupling between modelling and experiment is key to understanding the separate elements, their complex nonlinear interactions, and their integration into self-consistent high performance scenarios. This approach has resulted in fully non-inductively driven plasmas with beta(N) less than or equal to 3.5 and beta(T) less than or equal to 3.6% sustained for up to 1 s, which is approximately equal to one current relaxation time. Progress in this area, and its implications for next-step devices, will be illustrated by results of these and other recent experiment and simulation efforts. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 SU 12B SI SI BP B213 EP B233 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12B/019 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 894QI UT WOS:000226806300021 ER PT J AU Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Olson, RE Bliss, DE Lemke, RW Olson, CL Ruiz, CL Mock, RC Bailey, JE Chandler, GA Cuneo, ME Leeper, RJ Matzen, MK Mehlhorn, TA Slutz, SA Stygar, WA Peterson, DL Chrien, RE Watt, RG Roderick, NF Cooper, GW Apruzese, JP Sarkisov, GS Chittenden, JP Haines, MG AF Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Olson, RE Bliss, DE Lemke, RW Olson, CL Ruiz, CL Mock, RC Bailey, JE Chandler, GA Cuneo, ME Leeper, RJ Matzen, MK Mehlhorn, TA Slutz, SA Stygar, WA Peterson, DL Chrien, RE Watt, RG Roderick, NF Cooper, GW Apruzese, JP Sarkisov, GS Chittenden, JP Haines, MG TI Progress in z-pinch driven dynamic-hohlraums for high-temperature radiation-flow and ICF experiments at Sandia National Laboratories SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2004 CL London, ENGLAND SP European Phys Soc ID ARRAY Z-PINCHES; X-RAY SOURCE; INERTIAL FUSION; 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS; RELEVANT HOHLRAUMS; WIRE; POWER; IGNITION; FACILITY; SINGLE AB Progress in understanding the physics of dynamic-hohlraums is reviewed for a system capable of generating 13 TW of axial radiation for high temperature (>200 eV) radiation-flow experiments and ICF capsule implosions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 54 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 SU 12B SI SI BP B423 EP B433 AR PII S0741-3335(04)85296-5 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12B/036 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 894QI UT WOS:000226806300038 ER PT J AU Tanaka, KA Kodama, R Kitagawa, Y Kondo, K Mima, K Azechi, H Chen, Z Fujioka, S Fujita, H Johzaki, T Lei, A Matsuoka, T Mima, K Miyanaga, N Nagai, K Nagatomo, H Nishimura, H Norimatsu, T Shigemori, K Shiraga, H Tanpo, M Tohyama, Y Yabuuchi, T Zheng, J Izawa, Y Norreys, PA Stephens, R Hatchett, S AF Tanaka, KA Kodama, R Kitagawa, Y Kondo, K Mima, K Azechi, H Chen, Z Fujioka, S Fujita, H Johzaki, T Lei, A Matsuoka, T Mima, K Miyanaga, N Nagai, K Nagatomo, H Nishimura, H Norimatsu, T Shigemori, K Shiraga, H Tanpo, M Tohyama, Y Yabuuchi, T Zheng, J Izawa, Y Norreys, PA Stephens, R Hatchett, S TI Progress and perspectives of fast ignition SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2004 CL London, ENGLAND SP European Phys Soc ID HOT-ELECTRONS; LASER-PULSE; PLASMA; DENSITY AB Recent progress in the physics of fast ignition of fusion targets is reviewed here. Fundamental studies on hot electron energy transport show that the scheme looks promising if the heating pulse can be guided close enough to a compressed core. The idea of using cone-guided compression was first demonstrated experimentally under a Japan-UK collaboration. The use of the gold cone was extremely successful and showed a 103 neutron increase out of CD target implosion with a 300 J/0.5 ps enforced heating laser pulse. The heated temperature was close to I keV. In order to increase the temperature to 10 keV, a 10 kJ PW-1 laser system is necessary. Osaka University has started constructing such a laser system. C1 Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot, Oxon, England. Gen Atom Inc, San Diego, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Tanaka, KA (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka, Japan. RI Toyama, Yusuke/H-8023-2012; Johzaki, Tomoyuki/D-8678-2012; Nagai, Keiji/E-5155-2014; Miyanaga, Noriaki/F-1340-2015; Azechi, Hiroshi/H-5876-2015; Norimatsu, Takayoshi/I-5710-2015; Nishimura, Hiroaki/I-4908-2015; Shiraga, Hiroyuki/I-9565-2015; Fujioka, Shinsuke/J-5530-2015; Shigemori, Keisuke/B-3262-2013; Mima, Kunioki/H-9014-2016; Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016 OI Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141; Toyama, Yusuke/0000-0003-3230-1062; Miyanaga, Noriaki/0000-0002-9902-5392; Fujioka, Shinsuke/0000-0001-8406-1772; Shigemori, Keisuke/0000-0002-3978-8427; NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 SU 12B SI SI BP B41 EP B49 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/12B/004 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 894QI UT WOS:000226806300006 ER PT J AU Gasch, AP Moses, AM Chiang, DY Fraser, HB Berardini, M Eisen, MB AF Gasch, AP Moses, AM Chiang, DY Fraser, HB Berardini, M Eisen, MB TI Conservation and evolution of cis-regulatory systems in ascomycete fungi SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FACTOR-BINDING SITES; YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; AMINO-ACID STARVATION; DEPENDENT TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-CYCLE; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; FISSION YEAST AB Relatively little is known about the mechanisms through which gene expression regulation evolves. To investigate this, we systematically explored the conservation of regulatory networks in fungi by examining the cis-regulatory elements that govern the expression of coregulated genes. We first identified groups of coregulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes enriched for genes with known upstream or downstream cis-regulatory sequences. Reasoning that many of these gene groups are coregulated in related species as well, we performed similar analyses on orthologs of coregulated S. cerevisiae genes in 13 other ascomycete species. We find that many species-specific gene groups are enriched for the same flanking regulatory sequences as those found in the orthologous gene groups from S. cerevisiae, indicating that those regulatory systems have been conserved in multiple ascomycete species. In addition to these clear cases of regulatory conservation, we find examples of cis-element evolution that suggest multiple modes of regulatory diversification, including alterations in transcription factor-binding specificity, incorporation of new gene targets into an existing regulatory system, and cooption of regulatory systems to control a different set of genes. We investigated one example in greater detail by measuring the in vitro activity of the S. cerevisiae transcription factor Rpn4p and its orthologs from Candida albicans and Neurospora crassa. Our results suggest that the DNA binding specificity of these proteins has coevolved with the sequences found upstream of the Rpn4p target genes and suggest that Rpn4p has a different function in N. crassa. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gasch, AP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM agasch@wisc.edu; mbeisen@lbl.gov OI Eisen, Michael/0000-0002-7528-738X FU NCI NIH HHS [5P01CA092584-03, P01 CA092584] NR 124 TC 137 Z9 143 U1 4 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1544-9173 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 2 IS 12 BP 2202 EP 2219 AR e398 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020398 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 884QA UT WOS:000226099600021 PM 15534694 ER PT J AU Browder, TE Soni, A AF Browder, TE Soni, A TI Search for new physics at a super-B factory SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech DE new physics; CP violation; B-factories ID TRANSVERSE TAU-POLARIZATION; CP-VIOLATION; TOP-QUARK; STANDARD MODEL; FORM-FACTORS; DECAYS; ASYMMETRIES; SYMMETRY; NONCONSERVATION; B->S-GAMMA AB The importance of a super-B factory in the search for new physics, in particular, due to CP-odd phase(s) from physics beyond the standard model is surveyed. The first point to emphasize is that we now know how to directly measure all three angles of the unitarity triangle very cleanly, i.e. without theoretical assumptions with irreducible theory error less than or similar to 1%. However, this requires much more luminosity than is currently available at B-factories. Direct searches via penguin-dominated hadronic modes as well as radiative, pair-leptonic and semi-leptonic decays axe also discussed. Null tests of the SM are stressed as these will play a crucial role especially if the effects of BSM phase(s) on B-physics are small. C1 Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM soni@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 86 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1171 EP 1194 DI 10.1007/BF02704889 PG 24 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100006 ER PT J AU Vogelsang, W AF Vogelsang, W TI QCD spin physics: Status and prospects for relativistic heavy-ion collider SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech DE spin structure of the nucleon; polarized proton-proton scattering; perturbative QCD ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; POLARIZED QUARK DISTRIBUTIONS; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION; VECTOR BOSON PRODUCTION; IMPACT PARAMETER SPACE; DRELL-YAN PROCESS; SINGLE-SPIN; LEADING-ORDER AB We review some of the recent developments in QCD spin physics and highlight the spin physics program now underway at RHIC. C1 RIKEN, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vogelsang, W (reprint author), RIKEN, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM vogelsan@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1251 EP 1267 DI 10.1007/BF02704893 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100010 ER PT J AU Mondal, NK Rindani, SD Agashe, K Agrawal, P Ananthanarayan, B Assamagan, K Bartl, A Chakrabarti, S Chattopadhyay, U Choudhury, D Chun, EJ Das, PK Das, SP Datta, A Dutta, S Forshaw, J Gajdosik, T Ghosh, DK Godbole, RM Guchait, M Konar, P Kraml, S Maity, M Mazumdar, K Mondal, NK Mukhopadhyaya, B Narain, M Rai, SK Raychaudhuri, S Rindani, SD Roy, DP Sharma, S Singh, RK Vaidya, R AF Mondal, NK Rindani, SD Agashe, K Agrawal, P Ananthanarayan, B Assamagan, K Bartl, A Chakrabarti, S Chattopadhyay, U Choudhury, D Chun, EJ Das, PK Das, SP Datta, A Dutta, S Forshaw, J Gajdosik, T Ghosh, DK Godbole, RM Guchait, M Konar, P Kraml, S Maity, M Mazumdar, K Mondal, NK Mukhopadhyaya, B Narain, M Rai, SK Raychaudhuri, S Rindani, SD Roy, DP Sharma, S Singh, RK Vaidya, R TI Working group report: High energy and collider physics SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech DE Higgs search; supersymmetry; extra dimensions; linear collider ID EXPLICIT CP VIOLATION; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; SOLAR-NEUTRINO OBSERVATIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS; BOSON SECTOR; MSSM; BEAMSTRAHLUNG; POLARIZATION; COUPLINGS; PHASES AB This is a summary of the projects undertaken by the working group I on high energy and collider physics. C1 Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Phys, Vienna, Austria. Indian Assoc Cultivat Sci, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India. Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul, South Korea. Harish Chandra Res Inst, Allahabad 211019, Uttar Pradesh, India. Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Lithuania Acad Sci, Inst Phys, LT-232600 Vilnius, Lithuania. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Osterr Akad Wissensch, Vienna, Austria. Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. Natl Cent Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Mondal, NK (reprint author), Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. NR 80 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1331 EP 1353 DI 10.1007/BF02704899 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100016 ER PT J AU Dighe, A Kundu, A Agashe, K Anantanarayan, B Chandra, A Datta, A Das, PK Das, SP Dighe, A Forty, R Ghosh, DK Keum, YY Kundu, A Mahajan, N Majhi, S Mazumdar, K Mehta, P Nir, Y Saha, JP Singh, R Sinha, N Sinha, R Soni, A Sankar, SU Vaidya, R AF Dighe, A Kundu, A Agashe, K Anantanarayan, B Chandra, A Datta, A Das, PK Das, SP Dighe, A Forty, R Ghosh, DK Keum, YY Kundu, A Mahajan, N Majhi, S Mazumdar, K Mehta, P Nir, Y Saha, JP Singh, R Sinha, N Sinha, R Soni, A Sankar, SU Vaidya, R TI Working group report: Low energy and flavour physics SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech ID LIFETIME DIFFERENCE; PERTURBATIVE QCD; MESONS; DECAYS AB This is a report of the low energy and flavour physics working group at WHEPP-8, held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India, during 5-16 January 2004. C1 Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calcutta, Dept Phys, Kolkata 700009, W Bengal, India. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Ctr High Energy Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Jadavpur Univ, Dept Phys, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India. Harish Chandra Res Inst, Allahabad 211019, Uttar Pradesh, India. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Oregon, Inst Theoret Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4646801, Japan. Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110019, India. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Inst Math Sci, Madras 600113, Tamil Nadu, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Dighe, A (reprint author), Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. EM amol@theory.tifr.res.in RI Mehta, Poonam/B-7772-2009 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1359 EP 1365 DI 10.1007/BF02704901 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100018 ER PT J AU Mathews, P AF Mathews, P TI Working group report: Quantum chromodynamics SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTON PRODUCTION; SPIN; QCD AB This is the report of the QCD working sub-group at WHEPP-8 which was part of the QCD and QGP working group. Discussion and work on some aspects of resummation and parton distribution are reported. C1 Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Inst Math Sci, Madras 600113, Tamil Nadu, India. NIKHEF Theory Grp, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Harish Chandra Res Inst, Allahabad 211019, Uttar Pradesh, India. Univ Bombay, Dept Phys, Bombay 400098, Maharashtra, India. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mathews, P (reprint author), Saha Inst Nucl Phys, 1-AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. EM prakash@theory.saha.ernet.in OI Mathews, Prakash/0000-0001-7322-9031 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1367 EP 1379 DI 10.1007/BF02704902 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100019 ER PT J AU Alam, JE Assamagan, K Chattopadhyay, S Gavai, R Gupta, S Layek, B Mukherjee, S Ray, R Roy, PK Srivastava, A AF Alam, JE Assamagan, K Chattopadhyay, S Gavai, R Gupta, S Layek, B Mukherjee, S Ray, R Roy, PK Srivastava, A TI Working group report: Heavy ion physics SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DAE-BRNS 8th Workshop in High Energy Physics Phenomenology CY JAN 05-16, 2004 CL Indian Inst Tech, Bombay, INDIA HO Indian Inst Tech ID COLLISIONS; MATTER AB The 8th workshop on high energy physics phenomenology (WHEPP-8) was held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India during January 5-16, 2004. One of the four working groups, group III was dedicated to QCD and heavy ion physics (HIC). The present manuscript gives a summary of the activities of group III during the workshop (see also [1] for completeness). The activities of group III were focused to understand the collective behaviours of the system formed after the collisions of two nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies from the interactions of the elementary degrees of freedom, i.e. quarks and gluons, governed by non-abelian gauge theory, i.e. QCD. This was initiated by two plenary talks on experimental overview of heavy ion collisions and lattice QCD and several working group talks and discussions. C1 Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. RP Alam, JE (reprint author), Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, 1-AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. EM jane@veccal.ernet.in OI Gavai, Rajiv V./0000-0002-4539-2584; Mukherjee, Swagato/0000-0002-3824-1008; Ray, Rajarshi/0000-0001-8633-7808 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1381 EP 1389 DI 10.1007/BF02704903 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883LR UT WOS:000226014100020 ER PT J AU Marion, B Rummel, S Anderberg, A AF Marion, B Rummel, S Anderberg, A TI Current-voltage curve translation by bilinear interpolation SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE photovoltaic; current-voltage; I-V curve; performance; modeling; translation; interpolation AB By means of bilinear interpolation and four reference current-voltage (I-V) curves, an I-V curve of a photovoltaic (PV) module is translated to desired conditions of irradiance and PV module temperature. The four reference I-V curves are measured at two irradiance and two PV module temperature levels and contain all the essential PV module characteristic information for performing the bilinear interpolation. The interpolation is performed first with respect to open-circuit voltage to account for PV module temperature, and second with respect to short-circuit current to account for irradiance. The translation results over a wide range of irradiances and PV module temperatures agree closely with measured values for a group of PV modules representing seven different technologies. Root-mean-square errors were 1.5% or less for the I-V curve parameters of maximum power, voltage at maximum power, current at maximum power, short-circuit current, and open-circuit voltage. The translation is applicable for determining the performance of a PV module for a specified test condition, or for PV system performance modeling. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Marion, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM bill_marion@nrel.gov NR 10 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD DEC PY 2004 VL 12 IS 8 BP 593 EP 607 DI 10.1002/pip.551 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 878DI UT WOS:000225626300002 ER PT J AU Souers, PC Andreski, HG Cook, CF Garza, R Pastrone, R Phillips, D Roeske, F Vitello, P Molitoris, JD AF Souers, PC Andreski, HG Cook, CF Garza, R Pastrone, R Phillips, D Roeske, F Vitello, P Molitoris, JD TI LX-17 corner-turning SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE dead zone; corner-turning; X-ray; failure; reactive flow AB We have performed a series of highly-instrumented experiments examining corner-turning of detonation. A TATB booster is inset 15 mm into LX-17 (92.5% TATB, 7.5% kel-F) so that the detonation must turn a right angle around an air well. An optical pin located at the edge of the TATB gives the start time of the corner-turn. The breakout time on the side and back edges is measured with streak cameras. Three high-resolution X-ray images were taken on each experiment to examine the details of the detonation. We have concluded that the detonation cannot turn the corner and subsequently fails, but the shock wave continues to propagate in the unreacted explosive, leaving behind a dead zone. The detonation front farther out from the corner slowly turns and eventually reaches the air well edge 180degrees from its original direction. The dead zone is stable and persists 7.7 mus after the corner-turn, although it has drifted into the original air well area. Our regular reactive flow computer models sometimes show temporary failure but they recover quickly and are unable to model the dead zones. We present a failure model that cuts off the reaction rate below certain detonation velocities and reproduces the qualitative features of the corner-turning failure. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM souers1@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 6 BP 359 EP 367 DI 10.1002/prep.200400067 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 885WI UT WOS:000226187600007 ER PT J AU Hoffman, DM Chandler, JB AF Hoffman, DM Chandler, JB TI Aspects of the tribology of the plastic bonded explosive LX-04 SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE friction; plastic bonded explosive; LX-04; Viton AB The dynamic coefficient of friction, mu(d), of the plastic bonded explosive (PBX) LX-04 was measured on stainless steel, aluminum, Teflon and the explosive itself as a function of temperature between ambient and 135 degreesC at a rotational speed of 0.0025 rad/s(-1). An optical profilometer was used to analyze surface roughness. LX-04 is a composite of the explosive 1,3,5,7-tetranitroazacyclooctane (HMX) and Viton A in an 85/15 weight ratio. For LX-04 on stainless steel, mu(d) decreased from 0.38 at ambient to 0.18 at 95 degreesC, then was nearly constant to about 125 degreesC, where the coefficient began to increase again. The opposite behavior was observed for aluminum. Against Teflon mu(d) was nearly constant from ambient to 65 degreesC at 0.43, and then decreased to 0.17 from 100 degreesC to 135 degreesC. Against LX-04 itself the coefficient of friction averaged 0.64 at temperatures between 35 degreesC and 95 degreesC, but tended to increase during the measurement, probably due to adhesion of the Viton to itself. Above 95 degreesC the coefficient dropped off and became nearly constant again at 0.16 up to 135 degreesC. Measurements on stainless steel with the mock explosive RM-04-BR, a composite of cyanuric acid and Viton A, and with the same weight ratio as the actual explosive, compared reasonably well with the explosive itself. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Explos Applicat Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hoffman, DM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Explos Applicat Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hoffman2@llnl.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 6 BP 368 EP 373 DI 10.1002/prep.200400068 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 885WI UT WOS:000226187600008 ER PT J AU Brunzelle, JS Wu, RY Korolev, SV Collart, FR Joachimiak, A Anderson, WF AF Brunzelle, JS Wu, RY Korolev, SV Collart, FR Joachimiak, A Anderson, WF TI Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis YdaF protein: A putative ribosomal N-acetyltransferase SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; COENZYME-A; ACETYLATION; REFINEMENT; MECHANISM; FAMILIES; SOLVENT; CLONING; MOTION; MAD C1 Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Med Sch, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Med Sch, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM andrzejj@anl.gov; wf-anderson@northwestern.edu OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062414-02, GM-62414, P50 GM062414] NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 4 BP 850 EP 853 DI 10.1002/prot.10601 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 874LE UT WOS:000225351100022 PM 15468321 ER PT J AU Galkin, A Sarikaya, E Lehmann, C Howard, A Herzberg, O AF Galkin, A Sarikaya, E Lehmann, C Howard, A Herzberg, O TI X-ray structure of HI0817 from Haemophilus influenzae: Protein of unknown function with a novel fold SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID SOFTWARE C1 Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Biol Chem & Phys Sci Dept, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Herzberg, O (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM osnat@carb.nist.gov RI ID, IMCACAT/D-5867-2014 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM57890] NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 4 BP 874 EP 877 DI 10.1002/prot.20260 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 874LE UT WOS:000225351100028 PM 15317022 ER PT J AU Zhang, KL Siino, JS Jones, PR Yau, PM Bradbury, EM AF Zhang, KL Siino, JS Jones, PR Yau, PM Bradbury, EM TI A mass spectrometric "western blot" to evaluate the correlations between histone methylation and histone acetylation SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE histone acetylation; histone methylation; mass spectrometry ID DNA METHYLATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; H3 METHYLTRANSFERASE; LYSINE METHYLATION; NUCLEOSOME CORE; BINDING; HETEROCHROMATIN; SITES; YEAST AB Histone acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation occur predominantly in the unstructured N-terminal domains or histone "tails". These modifications and others comprise a "histone code" that directly facilitates or antagonizes association of regulatory proteins with nucleosomes to mediate changes in chromatin structure and activity. Methylation of histone H3 outside of the tail region at lysine 79 has been reported for a variety of species ranging from yeast to humans and in some gene-specific cases appears to be associated with active chromatin and transcription. Whether methylation of lysine 79 is associated with other post-translational modifications of the H3 tail is unknown. Using mass spectrometric relative quantitation, a mass spectrometric "Western blot", we compare methylation at lysines 4, 9, and 79 with acetylation of human histone H3. We find that the total levels of lysine 4 and 79 methylation (combined mono-, di-, and trimethylation) in the H3 population increase with the degree of H3 tail acetylation. The total amount of lysine 4 methylation increases progressively from less than 10% in the nonacetylated H3 to greater than 90% in the penta-acetylated H3. In addition, significant levels of lysine 4 trimethylation also occur in combination with the pentaacetylated H3 species. In contrast, the level of H3 lysine 9 trimethylation is greatest for the monoacetylated species while H3 lysine 9 acetylation occurs predominantly in hyperacetylated (tetra- and penta-acetylated) H3 isoforms. Together, these results indicate that methylation of lysine 4 and 79 as well as the switch from lysine 9 methylation to acetylation are coordinated synchronously with H3 hyperacetylation as marks of active chromatin. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem, Mass Spectrometry Facil, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Microbiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Pacific, Dept Chem, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Cell & Struct Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem, Mass Spectrometry Facil, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM kangling@citrus.ucr.edu NR 40 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 12 BP 3765 EP 3775 DI 10.1002/pmic.200400819 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 880PH UT WOS:000225801200008 PM 15378694 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Lieber, CM AF Huang, Y Lieber, CM TI Integrated nanoscale electronics and optoelectronics: Exploring nanoscale science and technology through semiconductor nanowires SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDIUM-PHOSPHIDE NANOWIRES; CARBON NANOTUBE; BUILDING-BLOCKS; LOGIC GATES; SINGLE; SILICON; DEVICES; NANOCRYSTALS; ORIENTATION; TRANSISTORS AB Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) represent an ideal system for investigating low-dimensional physics and are expected to play an important role as both interconnects and functional device elements in nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here we review a series of key advances defining a new paradigm of bottom-up assembling integrated nanosystems using semiconductor NW building blocks. We first introduce a general approach for the synthesis of a broad range of semiconductor NWs with precisely controlled chemical composition, physical dimension, and electronic, optical properties using a metal cluster-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism. Subsequently, we describe rational strategies for the hierarchical assembly of NW building blocks into functional devices and complex architectures based on electric field or micro-fluidic flow. Next, we discuss a variety of new nanoscale electronic device concepts including crossed NW p-n diode and crossed NW field effect transistors (FETs). Reproducible assembly of these scalable crossed NW device elements enables a catalog of integrated structures, including logic gates and computational circuits. Lastly, we describe a wide range of photonic and optoelectronic devices, including nanoscale light-emitting diodes (nanoLEDs), multicolor LED arrays, integrated nanoLED-nanoFET arrays, single nanowire waveguide, and single nanowire nanolaser. The potential application of these nanoscale light sources for chemical and biological analyses is discussed. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave 16-244, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI 李, 府中/H-4357-2011 NR 56 TC 213 Z9 217 U1 4 U2 62 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 76 IS 12 BP 2051 EP 2068 DI 10.1351/pac200476122051 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 891CY UT WOS:000226560100002 ER PT J AU Corish, J Rosenblatt, GM AF Corish, J Rosenblatt, GM TI Name and symbol of the element with atomic number 111 SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DISCOVERY AB A joint IUPAC-IUPAP Working Party (JWP) confirmed the discovery of element number 111. In accord with IUPAC procedures, the discoverers proposed a name and symbol for the element. The Inorganic Chemistry Division recommended this proposal for acceptance, and it was adopted by IUPAC on 1 November 2004. The recommended name is roentgenium with symbol Rg. C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland. Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Corish, J (reprint author), Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 76 IS 12 BP 2101 EP 2103 DI 10.1351/pac200476122101 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 891CY UT WOS:000226560100005 ER PT J AU Borak, TB Doke, T Fuse, T Guetersloh, S Heilbronn, L Hara, K Moyers, M Suzuki, S Taddei, P Terasawa, K Zeitlin, CJ AF Borak, TB Doke, T Fuse, T Guetersloh, S Heilbronn, L Hara, K Moyers, M Suzuki, S Taddei, P Terasawa, K Zeitlin, CJ TI Comparisons of LET distributions for protons with energies between 50 and 200 MeV determined using a spherical tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and a position-sensitive silicon spectrometer (RRMD-III) SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MONITORING DEVICE-III; DETECTOR TELESCOPE; SHUTTLE FLIGHTS; RADIATION; SPACE; PARTICLES AB Experiments have been performed to measure the response of a spherical tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and a silicon-based LET spectrometer (RRMD-III) to protons with energies ranging from 50-200 MeV. This represents a large portion of the energy distribution for trapped protons encountered by astronauts in low-Earth orbit. The beam energies were obtained using plastic polycarbonate degraders with a monoenergetic beam that was extracted from a proton synchrotron. The LET spectrometer provided excellent agreement with the expected LET distribution emerging from the energy degraders. The TEPC cannot measure the LET distribution directly. However, the frequency mean value of lineal energy, (γ) over bar (integral),. provided a good approximation to LET. This is in contrast to previous results for high-energy heavy ions where (γ) over bar (integral), underestimated LET, whereas the dose-averaged lineal energy, (γ) over bar (D),, provided a good approximation to LET. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA 92345 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Borak, TB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM thomas.borak@colostate.edu RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013; OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057; Taddei, Phillip/0000-0002-4689-1625 NR 16 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 162 IS 6 BP 687 EP 692 DI 10.1667/RR3262 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 873ED UT WOS:000225261400011 PM 15548122 ER PT J AU Stone, HB Moulder, JE Coleman, CN Ang, KK Anscher, MS Barcellos-Hoff, MH Dynan, WS Fike, JR Grdina, DJ Greenberger, JS Hauer-Jensen, M Hill, RP Kolesnick, RN MacVittie, TJ Marks, C McBride, WH Metting, N Pellmar, T Purucker, M Robbins, ME Schiestl, RH Seed, TM Tomaszewski, JE Travis, EL Wallner, PE Wolpert, M Zaharevitz, D AF Stone, HB Moulder, JE Coleman, CN Ang, KK Anscher, MS Barcellos-Hoff, MH Dynan, WS Fike, JR Grdina, DJ Greenberger, JS Hauer-Jensen, M Hill, RP Kolesnick, RN MacVittie, TJ Marks, C McBride, WH Metting, N Pellmar, T Purucker, M Robbins, ME Schiestl, RH Seed, TM Tomaszewski, JE Travis, EL Wallner, PE Wolpert, M Zaharevitz, D TI Models for evaluating agents intended for the prophylaxis, mitigation and treatment of radiation injuries - Report of the NCI workshop, December 3-4, 2003 SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; KERATINOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MARROW TRANSPLANT NEPHROPATHY; PROTEASE-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-1; CHRONIC OXIDATIVE STRESS; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; INDUCED LUNG TOXICITY; NORMAL TISSUE-INJURY AB To develop approaches to prophylaxis/protection, mitigation and treatment of radiation injuries, appropriate models are needed that integrate the complex events that occur in the radiation-exposed organism. While the spectrum of agents in clinical use or preclinical development is limited, new research findings promise improvements in survival after whole-body irradiation and reductions in the risk of adverse effects of radiotherapy. Approaches include agents that act on the initial radiochemical events, agents that prevent or reduce progression of radiation damage, and agents that facilitate recovery from radiation injuries. While the mechanisms of action for most of the agents with known efficacy are yet to be fully determined, many seem to be operating at the tissue, organ or whole animal level as well as the cellular level. Thus research on prophylaxis/protection, mitigation and treatment of radiation injuries will require studies in whole animal models. Discovery, development and delivery of effective radiation modulators will also require collaboration among researchers in diverse fields such as radiation biology, inflammation, physiology, toxicology, immunology, tissue injury, drug development and radiation oncology. Additional investment in training more scientists in radiation biology and in the research portfolio addressing, radiological and nuclear terrorism would benefit the general population in case of a radiological terrorism event or a large-scale accidental event as well as benefit patients treated with radiation. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA. MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Lawrence Berkely Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR USA. Princess Margaret Hosp, Ontario Canc Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Dept Energy, Germantown, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, AFRRI, Bethesda, MD USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC USA. RP Stone, HB (reprint author), EPN 6015A,6130 Executive Blvd,MSC 7440, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM stoneh@mail.nih.gov RI Moulder, John/E-6799-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA098239, R01 CA098239-01A2] NR 197 TC 155 Z9 160 U1 3 U2 10 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 162 IS 6 BP 711 EP 728 DI 10.1667/RR3276 PG 18 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 873ED UT WOS:000225261400014 PM 15548121 ER PT J AU Blakely, EA Chang, PY AF Blakely, EA Chang, PY TI Late effects from hadron therapy SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Workshop on Heavy Charged Particles in Biology and Medicine and 3rd ENLIGHT Meeting CY OCT 01-04, 2003 CL Lyon, FRANCE DE late effects; hadron therapy; carbon; protons ID RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CHARGED-PARTICLE RADIOTHERAPY; PROTON RADIATION-THERAPY; CARBON ION RADIOTHERAPY; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; LATE FUNCTIONAL-CHANGES; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES; CELL LUNG-CANCER; NORMAL RAT-BRAIN AB Successful cancer patient survival and local tumor control from hadron radiotherapy warrant a discussion of potential secondary late effects from the radiation. The study of late-appearing clinical effects from particle beams of protons, carbon, or heavier ions is a relatively new field with few data. However, new clinical information is available from pioneer hadron radiotherapy programs in the USA, Japan, Germany and Switzerland. This paper will review available data on late tissue effects from particle radiation exposures, and discuss its importance to the future of hadron therapy. Potential late radiation effects are associated with irradiated normal tissue volumes at risk that in many cases can be reduced with hadron therapy. However, normal tissues present within hadron treatment volumes can demonstrate enhanced responses compared to conventional modes of therapy. Late endpoints of concern include induction of secondary cancers, cataract, fibrosis, neurodegeneration, vascular damage, and immunological, endocrine and hereditary effects. Low-dose tissue effects at tumor margins need further study, and there is need for more acute molecular studies underlying late effects of hadron therapy. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SRI Int, Biosci Div, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Blakely, EA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, MS 70A-1118, Berkeley, CA 94620 USA. EM EABakely@lbl.gov NR 122 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 73 SU 2 BP S134 EP S140 DI 10.1016/S0167-8140(04)80035-5 PG 7 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 906MY UT WOS:000227647500035 PM 15971329 ER PT J AU Hamada, M Martz, H Reese, CS Graves, T Johnson, V Wilson, AG AF Hamada, M Martz, H Reese, CS Graves, T Johnson, V Wilson, AG TI A fully Bayesian approach for combining multilevel failure information in fault tree quantification and optimal follow-on resource allocation SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE genetic algorithm; information gain; Markov chain Monte Carlo ID RELIABILITY-ANALYSIS; BINOMIAL SUBSYSTEMS; AGGREGATION ERROR; SYSTEMS; COMPONENTS AB This paper presents a fully Bayesian approach that simultaneously combines non-overlapping (in time) basic event and higher-level event failure data in fault tree quantification. Such higher-level data often correspond to train, subsystem or system failure events. The fully Bayesian approach also automatically propagates the highest-level data to lower levels in the fault tree. A simple example illustrates our approach. The optimal allocation of resources for collecting additional data from a choice of different level events is also presented. The optimization is achieved using a genetic algorithm. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Stat, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Hamada, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Grp D-1,MS F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hamada@lanl.gov OI Wilson, Alyson/0000-0003-1461-6212 NR 24 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 86 IS 3 BP 297 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.ress.2004.02.001 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 864QP UT WOS:000224648300010 ER PT J AU Gates, DA Menard, JE Marsala, RJ AF Gates, DA Menard, JE Marsala, RJ TI Vessel eddy current measurement for the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A simple analog circuit that measures the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) axisymmetric eddy current distribution has been designed and constructed. It is based on simple circuit model of the NSTX vacuum vessel that was calibrated using a special axisymmetric eddy current code which was written so that accuracy was maintained in the vicinity of the current filaments [J. Menard, J. Fusion Tech. (to be published)]. The measurement and the model have been benchmarked against data from numerous vacuum shots and they are in excellent agreement. This is an important measurement that helps give more accurate equilibrium reconstructions. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Gates, DA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM dgates@pppl.gov OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 4 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5090 EP 5093 DI 10.1063/1.1813091 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100003 ER PT J AU Zhao, JY Shen, GY Sturhahn, W Alp, EE AF Zhao, JY Shen, GY Sturhahn, W Alp, EE TI Highly efficient gaseous sample loading technique for diamond anvil cells SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE; KRYPTON; XENON; GAS AB A clean and highly efficient technique has been developed to load diamond anvil cells (DACs) using a small amount of gaseous samples. The loading process consists of two steps. First, gas is condensed on a designated cold surface in a pre-evacuated system; second, the solidified sample is loaded into a DAC at liquid-nitrogen temperature. A hundred milliliters of gas at ambient condition is typically required to produce a solidified sample. The use of solid sample material for DAC loading is beneficial to a clean loading process. We demonstrated this technique by loading isotopically enriched (99.925%-Kr-83) krypton into a DAC. 200 ml of this rare and expensive gas were solidified with 99.6% efficiency and almost completely recovered. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Source, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Zhao, JY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jzhao@anl.gov RI Shen, Guoyin/D-6527-2011 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5149 EP 5151 DI 10.1063/1.1813111 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100014 ER PT J AU Jovanovic, I Brown, C Wattellier, B Nielsen, N Molander, W Stuart, B Pennington, D Barty, CPJ AF Jovanovic, I Brown, C Wattellier, B Nielsen, N Molander, W Stuart, B Pennington, D Barty, CPJ TI Precision short-pulse damage test station utilizing optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED BREAKDOWN; PERIODICALLY POLED KTIOPO4; HIGH-CONVERSION-EFFICIENCY; FEMTOSECOND LASER; HIGH-GAIN; SYSTEM; DIELECTRICS; NANOSECOND; ULTRASHORT; GENERATION AB The next generation of high-energy petawatt (HEPW)-class lasers will utilize multilayer dielectric diffraction gratings for pulse compression, due to their high efficiency and high damage threshold for picosecond pulses. The peak power of HEPW lasers will be determined by the aperture and damage threshold of the final dielectric grating in the pulse compressor and final focusing optics. We have developed a short-pulse damage test station for accurate determination of the damage threshold of the optics used on future HEPW lasers. Our damage test station is based on a highly stable, high-beam-quality optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA) operating at 1053 nm at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. We present the design of our OPCPA system pumped by a commercial Q-switched pump laser and the results of the full system characterization. Initial short-pulse damage experiments in the far field using our system have been performed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil Programs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jovanovic, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil Programs, Mail Code L-470,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jovanovic1@llnl.gov RI Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5193 EP 5202 DI 10.1063/1.1819382 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100021 ER PT J AU Fulton, JL Chen, Y Heald, SM Balasubramanian, M AF Fulton, JL Chen, Y Heald, SM Balasubramanian, M TI High-pressure, high-temperature x-ray absorption fine structure transmission cell for the study of aqueous ions with low absorption-edge energies SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER; 300-DEGREES-C; SOLVATION; HYDRATION; CHLORIDE; EXAFS AB We describe a method to acquire x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra of low-Z atoms dissolved in high-pressure liquids and supercritical fluids. The method is applicable to energies at and below the Ca K edge (4038.5 eV). The cell design incorporates 25-mum-thickx700 mum diameter diamond x-ray windows in a Poulter-type seal geometry. X-ray focusing mirrors were used to reduce both the horizontal and vertical beam size to about 200 mum so that the incident beam would pass cleanly through the 300 mum aperture of the cell. Pathlengths in the range from 50 to 1000 mum can be selected with appropriate spacers. The maximum operating conditions of the flow-through cell design are 500degreesC and 1 kbar. We show that only a relatively small number of XAFS scans are required to generate high signal-to-noise ratio spectra for a supercritical water solution (400degreesC) containing 1 m CaCl2 using a bending-magnet beamline (20-BM, PNC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fulton, JL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM john.fulton@pnl.gov RI Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5228 EP 5231 DI 10.1063/1.1813131 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100027 ER PT J AU Farnan, I Cho, H Weber, WJ Scheele, RD Johnson, NR Kozelisky, AE AF Farnan, I Cho, H Weber, WJ Scheele, RD Johnson, NR Kozelisky, AE TI High-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on highly radioactive ceramics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PU-DOPED GLASS; WASTE FORMS; SI-29; AMORPHIZATION; ZIRCON AB A triple-containment magic-angle spinning rotor insert system has been developed and a sample handling procedure formulated for safely analyzing highly radioactive solids by high-resolution solid-state NMR. The protocol and containment system have been demonstrated for magic-angle spinning (MAS) experiments on ceramic samples containing 5-10 wt % Pu-239 and Pu-238 at rotation speeds of 3500 Hz. The technique has been used to demonstrate that MAS NMR experiments can be used to measure amorphous atomic number fractions produced by accelerated internal radiation damage. This will allow incorporated alpha-emitters with short half-lives to be used to model the long-term radiation tolerance of potential ceramic radioactive waste forms. This is an example of MAS NMR spectroscopy on samples containing fissionable isotopes. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. RP Farnan, I (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Farnan, Ian/M-3881-2014 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Farnan, Ian/0000-0001-7844-5112 NR 8 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5232 EP 5236 DI 10.1063/1.1818512 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100028 ER PT J AU Mumm, HP Garcia, A Grout, L Howe, M Parazzoli, LP Robertson, RGH Sundqvist, KM Wilkerson, JF Freedman, SJ Fujikawa, BK Lising, LJ Dewey, MS Nico, JS Thompson, AK Chupp, TE Cooper, RL Coulter, KP Hwang, SR Welsh, RC Broussard, LJ Trull, CA Wietfeldt, FE Jones, GL AF Mumm, HP Garcia, A Grout, L Howe, M Parazzoli, LP Robertson, RGH Sundqvist, KM Wilkerson, JF Freedman, SJ Fujikawa, BK Lising, LJ Dewey, MS Nico, JS Thompson, AK Chupp, TE Cooper, RL Coulter, KP Hwang, SR Welsh, RC Broussard, LJ Trull, CA Wietfeldt, FE Jones, GL TI emiT: An apparatus to test time reversal invariance in polarized neutron decay SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID BETA-DECAY; T-VIOLATION; SUPERMIRRORS; SEARCH; BEAM AB We describe an apparatus used to measure the triple-correlation term (D (σ) over cap (n).p(e)xp(nu)) in the beta decay of polarized neutrons. The D coefficient is sensitive to possible violations of time reversal invariance. The detector has an octagonal symmetry that optimizes electron-proton coincidence rates and reduces systematic effects. A beam of longitudinally polarized cold neutrons passes through the detector chamber, where a small fraction undergo beta decay. The final-state protons are accelerated and focused onto arrays of cooled semiconductor diodes, while the coincident electrons are detected using panels of plastic scintillator. Details regarding the design and performance of the proton detectors, beta detectors, and the electronics used in the data collection system are presented. The neutron beam characteristics, the spin-transport magnetic fields, and polarization measurements are also described. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Washington, CENPA, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Hamilton Coll, Dept Phys, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. RP Mumm, HP (reprint author), Univ Washington, CENPA, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM pieter.mumm@nist.gov OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217; Broussard, Leah/0000-0001-9182-2808; Garcia, Alejandro/0000-0001-6056-6645 NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5343 EP 5355 DI 10.1063/1.1821628 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 876FX UT WOS:000225483100044 ER PT J AU Maruhn, JA Strayer, MR Reinhardt, PG Horiuchi, H Abe, Y AF Maruhn, JA Strayer, MR Reinhardt, PG Horiuchi, H Abe, Y TI Skyrme-force mean-field calculations applied to exotic nuclear states and heavy-ion collisions SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Symposium on Nuclear Physics CY JAN 05-08, 2004 CL Taxco, MEXICO DE mean-field models; nuclear structure; light nuclei; heavy ion reaction theory ID DEPENDENT HARTREE-FOCK; DYNAMICS AB Based on a new three-dimensional code for solving the Skyrme-force Hartree-Fock equations without any symmetry assumptions both in the static and time-dependent cases, we report initial applications in two areas: 1) We have investigated a new method for looking at the existence of highly deformed or molecular nuclear states. In a three-dimensional grid a static Hartree-Fock solution is sought based on an initialization with cluster wave functions generated from separate Hartree-Fock calculations. After initialization the static iterations will lead either to the ground state of the compound system, if the fragments are placed too close together, or to a highly deformed state, if initialization is sufficiently close to such a configuration. The third alternative is that the fragments will drift further apart, if they are spaced too distantly. We find that the method appears to be very robust, in the sense that the convergence to a highly deformed state happens for a large number of the initial spacings. Varying the initial configuration systematically, therefore, seems to allow a good judgment on the existence of such exotic states. Results for exotic states in light nuclei with mass number divisible by four are presented. 2) The advance in computer technologies now makes it possible to do TDHF calculations such as those performed in the seventies and eighties without many of the restrictions that were practically necessary then. The first application was devoted to collisions between light deformed nuclei, drastically demonstrating that the initial relative orientation of such nuclei has great importance for what happens in the collision. A more comprehensive study of such situations, however, requires a tremendous amount of computer time because of the necessary averaging over many orientations. As a second initial application we examined collisions near the Coulomb barrier for medium-heavy and heavy systems. The energy was varied systematically until a reaction set in. It is shown that the dynamic behavior drastically differs between, for example, a collision of O-16 and Ca-48 or one between Ca-48 and Pb-208. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-8520 Erlangen, Germany. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto, Japan. RP Maruhn, JA (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 50 IS 2 SU S BP 61 EP 65 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 902CS UT WOS:000227329600012 ER PT J AU Michel, N Nazarewicz, W Ploszajczak, M Rotureau, J AF Michel, N Nazarewicz, W Ploszajczak, M Rotureau, J TI Gamow shell-model description of weakly bound and unbound nuclear states SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Symposium on Nuclear Physics CY JAN 05-08, 2004 CL Taxco, MEXICO DE Gamow shell model; single particle; Hartree-Fock; helium; lithium ID CONTINUUM AB Recently, the shell model in the complex k-plane (the so-called Gamow Shell Model) has been formulated using a complex Berggren ensemble representing bound single-particle states, single-particle resonances, and non-resonant continuum states. In this framework, we shall discuss bindiner energies and energy spectra of neutron-rich helium and lithium isotopes. The single-particle basis used is that of the Hartree-Fock potential generated self-consistently by the finite-range residual interaction. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. CEA, DSM, NRS, IN2P3,GANIL, F-14076 Caen 05, France. RP Michel, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI rotureau, jimmy/B-2365-2013 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 50 IS 2 SU S BP 74 EP 79 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 902CS UT WOS:000227329600014 ER PT J AU Shapira, D Liang, JF Gross, CJ Beene, J Bierman, JD Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Hausladen, PA Larochelle, Y Loveland, W Mueller, PE Peterson, D Radford, DC Stracener, DW Varner, RL AF Shapira, D Liang, JF Gross, CJ Beene, J Bierman, JD Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Hausladen, PA Larochelle, Y Loveland, W Mueller, PE Peterson, D Radford, DC Stracener, DW Varner, RL TI Sub-barrier fusion of neutron-rich nuclei: Sn-132+Ni-64 SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Symposium on Nuclear Physics CY JAN 05-08, 2004 CL Taxco, MEXICO DE nuclear fusion; evaporation residues; interaction barrier; neutrons; flow; energy; energy loss; time of flight; ionization; chamber ID HEAVY-ION FUSION; SUPERHEAVY ELEMENTS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; CROSS-SECTIONS; ENHANCEMENT; SYSTEMATICS; ENERGIES; BARRIERS; FISSION; MODEL AB Accelerated beams of (132)Sri (98% pure) were used to measure sub-barrier fusion cross sections of Sn-132+Ni-64 induced reactions down to energies for which the cross section was as low as 3mb. The measured excitation function shows large enhancement in cross section that could not be accounted for by coupling of inelastic and transfer channels. A simple computational model for calculating sub-barrier fusion cross sections between neutron-rich heavy nuclei reproduces the very large enhancement observed for this system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gonzaga Univ, Phys Dept AD 51, Spokane, WA 99258 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Shapira, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI radford, David/A-3928-2015 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 50 IS 2 SU S BP 101 EP 106 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 902CS UT WOS:000227329600018 ER PT J AU Chavez, E Huerta, A Ortiz, ME Murillo, G Policroniades, R Varela, A Moreno, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Gomez-del-Campo, J Liang, F Shapira, D AF Chavez, E Huerta, A Ortiz, ME Murillo, G Policroniades, R Varela, A Moreno, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Gomez-del-Campo, J Liang, F Shapira, D TI Simultaneous measurement of the (d,d) and (d,p) resonant reactions using thick deuterated polyethylene targets SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article DE (deuterated) target preparation; elastic recoil analysis; resonant reactions ID PARTICLE TECHNIQUE; NEUTRON BEAM; SCINTILLATOR; EFFICIENCY AB The thick target technique is extended here to study reactions induced by deuterons. Deuterated target production and characterization is reviewed in detail. The experimental setup used in a previous work, to study proton induced resonances, is complemented here with an additional thin transmission detector for standard particle identification with the E-DeltaE technique. Through the measurement of the excitation functions of the H-2(C-12,d) and H-2 (C-12,P) reactions, resonant states in N-14 are studied. Using known energies and widths for resonances in the relevant energy range, good fits were obtained with R-matrix calculations. C1 IFUNAM, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. ININ, Dept Acelerador, Salazar 52045, Mexico. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chavez, E (reprint author), IFUNAM, Apartado Postal 20-364, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 639 EP 642 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 883AW UT WOS:000225982800015 ER PT J AU Espin, MJ Delgado, AV Martin, JE AF Espin, MJ Delgado, AV Martin, JE TI Effects of electric fields and volume fraction on the rheology of hematite/silicone oil suspensions SO RHEOLOGICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE electrorheology; hematite; hydrodynamic forces; electrostatic interactions; Mason number ID ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS; ELECTROVISCOUS FLUIDS; MODEL; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR; FORCES AB Electrorheological (ER) fluids composed of iron(III) oxide ( hematite) particles suspended in silicone oil are studied in this work. The rheological response has been characterized as a function of field strength, shear rate and volume fraction. The dielectric properties of the suspensions were first studied in order to get information about the conductivity of the solid. Rheological tests under a. c. electric fields elucidated the influence of the electric field strength and volume fraction on the field-dependent yield stress. It was found that this quantity scales as a square power law in both cases. The viscosities of electrified suspensions were found to increase by several orders of magnitude as compared to the unelectrified suspension at low shear rates, although at high shear rates hydrodynamic effects become dominant and no effects of the electric field on the viscosity are observed. The ER behaviour of the suspensions was analysed by considering the fundamental forces ( of hydrodynamic and electrostatic origin) acting on the particles and it is found that, at a given volume fraction, all the dependencies of relative viscosity on shear rate and field strength can be described by a single function of the Mason number, Mn. Finally, two different chain models were used to explain the shear-thinning behaviour observed: rheological measurements showed a power-law dependence of relative viscosity decrease on the Mason number, eta(F)similar toMn(Delta), with Deltaapproximate to-0.95. C1 Univ Granada, Fac Sci, Dept Appl Phys, E-18071 Granada, Spain. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Delgado, AV (reprint author), Univ Granada, Fac Sci, Dept Appl Phys, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM adelgado@ugr.es RI Espin, Manuel/A-6156-2009; Delgado, Angel/L-8545-2014 OI Espin, Manuel/0000-0003-2670-3495; Delgado, Angel/0000-0003-1843-5750 NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0035-4511 J9 RHEOL ACTA JI Rheol. Acta PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1007/s00397-004-0375-6 PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 887KJ UT WOS:000226304700007 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Cheng, S Wei, QM Ma, E Nieh, TG Hamza, A AF Wang, YM Cheng, S Wei, QM Ma, E Nieh, TG Hamza, A TI Effects of annealing and impurities on tensile properties of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline Ni; mechanical property; annealing; impurity; grain growth ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; NICKEL; DEFORMATION; FRACTURE AB The strength of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni increased rather than decreased after annealing for I h at temperatures below 150degreesC, with little change in the grain sizes or detectable impurity segregation. Annealing at 200degreesC can be utilized to tailor the grain size distribution for improved ductility in combination with good strength. Further annealing at above 250degreesC, however, induced a transition to brittle behavior due to impurity segregation to grain boundaries concurrent with grain growth. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ymwang@llnl.gov RI Wei, Qiuming/B-7579-2008; Ma, En/A-3232-2010; Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; Cheng, Sheng/D-9153-2013; Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; Cheng, Sheng/0000-0003-1137-1926; Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/0000-0002-7161-2034 NR 17 TC 147 Z9 159 U1 18 U2 85 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 11 BP 1023 EP 1028 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.08.015 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 858DJ UT WOS:000224170200002 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Vogel, SC Slamovich, EB Bowman, KJ AF Jones, JL Vogel, SC Slamovich, EB Bowman, KJ TI Quantifying texture in ferroelectric bismuth titanate ceramics SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE texture; neutron diffraction; X-ray diffraction (XRD); ferroelectricity; piezoelectricity ID TEMPLATED GRAIN-GROWTH; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; BI4TI3O12 CERAMICS; FABRICATION; NEUTRON; DIFFRACTOMETER; DIFFRACTION; CARBONATE AB The orientation distribution function of a modestly textured bismuth titanate ceramic is calculated from full-pattern Rietveld refinement of time-of-flight neutron and X-ray area detector spectra and measured pole figures from synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The recalculated 00l pole figures are consistent, demonstrating the validity of the texture descriptions introduced for this system. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87645 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM jacob.jones@unsw.edu.au RI Jones, Jacob/A-8361-2008; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1123 EP 1127 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.08.020 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 860IC UT WOS:000224334700001 ER PT J AU Joo, HD Kim, JS Kim, KH Tamura, N Koo, YM AF Joo, HD Kim, JS Kim, KH Tamura, N Koo, YM TI In situ synchrotron X-ray micro diffraction study of deformation behavior in polycrystalline coppers during uniaxial deformations SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE plastic deformation; microdiffraction; tensile axis rotation; polycrystal; slip system AB The deformation behavior of pure copper polycrystals was investigated by in situ X-ray microdiffraction using synchrotron radiation. Tensile axis rotations of several positions of same grain were observed. Tensile axis movement depends on local position of a grain. This phenomenon may originate from the orientation relation between neighboring grains. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Suwon 440600, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Joo, HD (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, San 31, Pohang 790784, South Korea. EM matter@postech.ac.kr NR 8 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1183 EP 1186 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.07.003 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 860IC UT WOS:000224334700011 ER PT J AU Wogan, GN Hecht, SS Felton, JS Conney, AH Loeb, LA AF Wogan, GN Hecht, SS Felton, JS Conney, AH Loeb, LA TI Environmental and chemical carcinogenesis SO SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; liver cancer; hepatitis viruses; tobacco carcinogens; lung cancer; heterocyclic amines; colon cancer; carcinogen metabolism; genetic polymorphism; mutator phenotype ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; AFLATOXIN EXPOSURE; MUTATOR PHENOTYPE; TUMOR PROMOTION; BETA-CAROTENE; TOBACCO-SMOKE; AMINOAZO DYES AB People are continuously exposed exogenously to varying amounts of chemicals that have been shown to have carcinogenic or mutagenic properties in experimental systems. Exposure can occur exogenously when these agents are present in food, air or water, and also endogenously when they are products of metabolism or pathophysiologic states such as inflammation. It has been estimated that exposure to environmental chemical carcinogens may contribute significantly to the causation of a sizable fraction, perhaps a majority, of human cancers, when exposures are related to "life-style" factors such as diet, tobacco use, etc. This chapter summarizes several aspects of environmental chemical carcinogenesis that have been extensively studied and illustrates the power of mechanistic investigation combined with molecular epidemiologic approaches in establishing causative linkages between environmental exposures and increased cancer risks. A causative relationship between exposure to aflatoxin, a strongly carcinogenic mold-produced contaminant of dietary staples in Asia and Africa, and elevated risk for primary liver cancer has been demonstrated through the application of well-validated biomarkers in molecular epidemiology. These studies have also identified a striking synergistic interaction between aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus infection in elevating liver cancer risk. Use of tobacco products provides a clear example of cancer causation by a life-style factor involving carcinogen exposure. Tobacco carcinogens and their DNA adducts are central to cancer induction by tobacco products, and the contribution of specific tobacco carcinogens (e.g. PAH and NNK) to tobacco-induced lung cancer, can be evaluated by a weight of evidence approach. Factors considered include presence in tobacco products, carcinogenicity in laboratory animals, human uptake, metabolism and adduct formation, possible role in causing molecular changes in oncogenes or suppressor genes, and other relevant data. This approach can be applied to evaluation of other environmental carcinogens, and the evaluations would be markedly facilitated by prospective epidemiologic studies incorporating phenotypic carcinogen-specific biomarkers. Heterocyclic amines represent an important class of carcinogens in foods. They are mutagens and carcinogens at numerous organ sites in experimental animals, are produced when meats are heated above 180 degreesC for long periods. Four of these compounds can consistently be identified in well-done meat products from the North American diet, and although a causal linkage has not been established, a majority of epidemiology studies have linked consumption of well-done meat products to cancer of the colon, breast and stomach. Studies employing molecular biomarkers suggest that individuals may differ in their susceptibility to these carcinogens, and genetic polymorphisms may contribute to this variability. Heterocyclic amines, like most other chemical carcinogens, are not carcinogenic per se but must be metabolized by a family of cytochrome P450 enzymes to chemically reactive electrophiles prior to reacting with DNA to initiate a carcinogenic response. These same cytochrome P450 enzymes-as well as enzymes that act on the metabolic products of the cytochromes P450 (e.g. glucuronyl transferase, glutathione S-transferase and others)-also metabolize chemicals by inactivation pathways, and the relative amounts of activation and detoxification will determine whether a chemical is carcinogenic. Because both genetic and environmental factors influence the levels of enzymes that metabolically activate and detoxify chemicals, they can also influence carcinogenic risk. Many of the phenotypes of cancer cells can be the result of mutations, i.e., changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that accumulate as tumors progress. These can arise as a result of DNA damage or by the incorporation of non-complementary nucleotides during DNA synthetic processes. Based upon the disparity between the infrequency of spontaneous mutations and the large numbers of mutations reported in human tumors, it has been postulated that cancers must exhibit a mutator phenotype, which would represent an early event in cancer progression. A mutator phenotype could be generated by mutations in genes that normally function to guarantee genetic stability. These mutations presumably arise via DNA damage by environmental or endogenous agents, but it remains to be determined whether the acquisition of a mutator phenotype is a necessary event during tumor progression. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Biol Engn Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Minnesota, Ctr Canc, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Ernest Mario Sch Pharm, Susan Lehman Cullman Lab Canc Res, Dept Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Wogan, GN (reprint author), MIT, Biol Engn Div, Room 26-009,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM wogan@mit.edu; hecht002@umn.edu; felton1@llnl.gov; aconney@rci.rutgers.edu; laloeb@u.washington.edu OI Hecht, Stephen/0000-0001-7228-1356 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA84087, CA49756, CA80759, CA80993, CA81301, CA92025, CA94709, P01CA55861, P01CA88961, P30CA93373]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES11045, P01ES06052] NR 61 TC 282 Z9 295 U1 5 U2 93 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1044-579X J9 SEMIN CANCER BIOL JI Semin. Cancer Biol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 14 IS 6 BP 473 EP 486 DI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.010 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 867MS UT WOS:000224847300010 PM 15489140 ER PT J AU Taubman, MS Myers, TL Cannon, BD Williams, RM AF Taubman, MS Myers, TL Cannon, BD Williams, RM TI Stabilization, injection and control of quantum cascade lasers, and their application to chemical sensing in the infrared SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscipy CY JUL 14-18, 2003 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Russian Acad Sci, Gen Phys Inst, Connecticut Coll, Aerodyne Res Inc, AeroLaser, Canberra Aquila Inc, EKIPS Technologies, Laser Components GmbH, Messer Griesheim GmbH, New Focus, Nanoplus GmbH, Sacher Lasertech, Topt Photon AG DE quantum cascade laser; frequency stabilization; injection locking; chemical sensing; cavity-enhanced sensor ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; FREQUENCY STABILIZATION; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; MU-M; LOCKING; TRANSMISSION; CAVITY; NOISE; STABILITY; LINEWIDTH AB Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are a relatively new type of semiconductor laser operating in the mid- to long-wave infrared. These monopolar multilayered quantum well structures can be fabricated to operate anywhere between 3.5 and 20 mum, which includes the molecular fingerprint region of the infrared. This makes them an ideal choice for infrared chemical sensing, a topic of great interest at present. Frequency stabilization and injection locking increase the utility of QCLs. We present results of locking QCLs to optical cavities, achieving relative linewidths down to 5.6 Hz. We report injection locking of one distributed feedback grating QCL with light from a similar QCL, demonstrating capture ranges of up to +/-500 MHz, and suppression of amplitude modulation by up to 49 dB. We also present various cavity-enhanced chemical sensors employing the frequency stabilization techniques developed, including the resonant sideband technique known as NICE-OHMS. Sensitivities of 9.7 x 10(-11) cm(-1) Hz(-1/2) have been achieved in pure nitrous oxide. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Taubman, MS (reprint author), PNNL, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM matthew.taubman@pnl.gov NR 35 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 60 IS 14 BP 3457 EP 3468 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.057 PG 12 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 878OP UT WOS:000225656400030 PM 15561632 ER PT J AU Hu, JZ Wind, RA McLean, J Gorby, YA Resch, CT Fredrickson, JK AF Hu, JZ Wind, RA McLean, J Gorby, YA Resch, CT Fredrickson, JK TI High-resolution H-1 NMR spectroscopy of metabolically active microorganisms using non-destructive magic angle spinning SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; SIDEBAND-FREE; RAT-LIVER; H-1; SPECTRA; SOLIDS; SUSPENSIONS; REDUCTION AB The authors show that high resolution H-1 under nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to study biofilm metabolism under enviornmentally relevant conditions in a minimally invasive way. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Hu, JZ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. EM Jianzhi.Hu@pnl.gov; Robert.Wind@pnl.gov RI Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD DEC PY 2004 VL 19 IS 12 BP 98 EP 103 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 880AW UT WOS:000225761700002 ER PT J AU Hull, JR AF Hull, JR TI Comment on 'A superconductor electromechanical oscillator and its potential application in energy storage' SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hull, JR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1485 EP 1485 AR PII S0953-2048(04)81276-4 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/12/N01 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 884HC UT WOS:000226074400022 ER PT J AU Eng, CW Halada, GP Francis, AJ Dodge, CJ AF Eng, CW Halada, GP Francis, AJ Dodge, CJ TI Spectroscopic study of decontaminated corroded carbon steel surfaces SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE uranium decontamination; SIRMS; SEM/EDS; FTIR; XPS; RBS; citric acid; corrosion; carbon steel ID ASSOCIATION; CORROSION; URANIUM; ACID AB Removal of uranium from contaminated carbon steel surfaces by chelation with hydroxycarboxylic acid has been tested as a cleaning process for decommissioning and decontaminating contaminated surfaces. Comparison of contaminated surfaces prior to decontamination with subsequently cleaned surfaces was done in order to study the effectiveness of this cleaning technique. This was accomplished using various spectroscopic techniques, including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Mild carbon steel (1010) coupons were exposed to uranyl nitrate solution, which led to the formation of a lightly corroded surface. Some contaminated samples underwent further cyclic humidity treatment, during which additional corrosion took place. In this study, it was found that a citric acid-hydrogen peroxide-citric acid cleaning method successfully removed uranium in lightly corroded areas. However, the method but incompletely decontaminated some heavily corroded areas where more highly crystallized corrosion products are found or where complex surface structure can occlude contaminants. Use of complementary analytical techniques is essential to provide an accurate model of surface chemistry before and after decontamination. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CEMS, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Halada, GP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM ghalada@ms.cc.sunysb.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 36 IS 12 BP 1516 EP 1522 DI 10.1002/sia.1937 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 882AQ UT WOS:000225911200003 ER PT J AU Arenz, M Stamenkovic, V Ross, PN Markovic, NM AF Arenz, M Stamenkovic, V Ross, PN Markovic, NM TI Surface (electro-)chemistry on Pt(111) modified by a Pseudomorphic Pd monolayer SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Fischer Symposium CY JUL 21-23, 2003 CL Tech Univ Munchen, Munich, GERMANY SP German Res Fdn HO Tech Univ Munchen DE infrared absorption spectroscopy; metal-electrolyte interfaces; alcohols; biological compounds; carbon monoxide; metallic surfaces; platinum; palladium ID MODIFIED STEPPED ELECTRODES; SMALL ORGANIC-MOLECULES; FORMIC-ACID OXIDATION; INDEX CRYSTAL PLANES; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES; METHANOL OXIDATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERFACES; BIMETALLIC SURFACES AB The formic acid and methanol oxidation reaction are studied on Pt(111) modified by a pseudomorphic Pd monolayer (denoted hereafter as the Pt(111)-Pd-1 ML System) in 0.1 M HClO4 solution. The results are compared to the bare Pt(111) surface. The nature of adsorbed intermediates (COad) and the electrocatalytic properties (the onset of CO2 formation) were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The results show that Pd has a unique catalytic activity for HCOOH oxidation, with Pd surface atoms being about four times more active than Pt surface atoms at 0.4 V. FTIR spectra reveal that on Pt atoms adsorbed CO is produced from dehydration of HCOOH, whereas no CO adsorbed on Pd can be detected although a high production rate of CO2 is observed at low potentials. This indicates that the reaction can proceed on Pd at low potentials without the typical "poison" formation. In contrast to its high activity for formic acid oxidation, the Pd film is completely inactive for methanol oxidation. The FTIR spectra show that neither adsorbed CO is formed on the Pd sites nor significant amounts of CO2 are produced during the electrooxidation of methanol. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arenz, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM marenz@lbl.gov RI Arenz, Matthias/C-7385-2009; Arenz, Matthias/C-3195-2016 OI Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315; Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315 NR 49 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 573 IS 1 BP 57 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.144 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 878PX UT WOS:000225660000009 ER PT J AU Lee, DE Schiffer, WK Dewey, SL AF Lee, DE Schiffer, WK Dewey, SL TI Gamma-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin) blocks the expression of toluene-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article ID COCAINE ADDICTION; MALE RATS; TRANSAMINASE; INHIBITOR; STRATEGY; DOPAMINE C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Grad Program Neurosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Dewey, SL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sld@bnl.gov FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA15041, DA15082, F31 DA015874-01, F31-DA15874, R01 DA015041-01A1, R01 DA015082-02] NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 54 IS 3 BP 183 EP 185 DI 10.1002/syn.20072 PG 3 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 867MW UT WOS:000224847700007 PM 15459943 ER PT J AU Fuentes, M Higdon, D Sanso, B Gelfand, AE Schmidt, AM Banerjee, S Sirmans, CF AF Fuentes, M Higdon, D Sanso, B Gelfand, AE Schmidt, AM Banerjee, S Sirmans, CF TI Nonstationary multivariate process modeling through spatially varying coregionalization - Discussion SO TEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERPOLATION; PREDICTION; VARIOGRAM; CHOICE C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Fuentes, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1133-0686 J9 TEST JI Test PD DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 2 BP 295 EP 312 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 883FP UT WOS:000225996400002 ER PT J AU Patel, M Kim, K Ivill, M Budai, JD Norton, DP AF Patel, M Kim, K Ivill, M Budai, JD Norton, DP TI Reactive sputter deposition of epitaxial (001)CeO2 on (001)Ge SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE reactive sputter deposition; epitaxial (001) CeO2; (001) Ge ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; SURFACES; SILICON; GROWTH; LAYERS AB The growth of epitaxial (001) CeO2 on a (001) Ge surface using a reactive sputter deposition method is reported. Hydrogen gas (4%H-2/Ar sputtering gas) is introduced during film growth in order to reduce or eliminate the presence of the GeO2 from the semiconductor surface during the initial nucleation of the metal oxide film. A metal cerium target was used as the cation source, with water vapor serving as the oxidizing species. Epitaxial films were sputter deposited at a substrate temperature of 550 degreesC in a H2O vapor pressure of approximately 10(-3) Torr. The hydrogen partial pressure and substrate temperature were selected to be sufficiently high such that the germanium native oxides are thenriodynamically unstable. The Gibbs free energy of CeO2 is larger in magnitude than that of the Ge native oxides, making it more favorable for the metal oxide to reside at the interface in comparison to the native Ge oxides. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rhines Hall,POB 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM dnort@mse.ufl.edu RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 1 PY 2004 VL 468 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.02.105 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 862EZ UT WOS:000224474500001 ER PT J AU Keys, DA Schultz, IR Mahle, DA Fisher, JW AF Keys, DA Schultz, IR Mahle, DA Fisher, JW TI A quantitative description of suicide inhibition of dichloroacetic acid in rats and mice SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE (3-6) DCA; PBPK; GSTzeta; suicide inhibition; rat; mouse ID GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE ZETA; LIVER-TUMOR INDUCTION; FEMALE B6C3F1 MICE; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; DRINKING-WATER; DOSE-RESPONSE; CATALYZED BIOTRANSFORMATION; SODIUM DICHLOROACETATE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS AB Dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a minor metabolite of trichloroethylene (TCE) and water disinfection byproduct, remains an important risk assessment issue because of its carcinogenic potency. DCA has been shown to inhibit its own metabolism by irreversibly inactivating glutathione transferase zeta (GSTzeta). To better predict internal dosimetry of DCA, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of DCA was developed. Suicide inhibition was described dynamically by varying the rate of maximal GSTzeta-mediated metabolism of DCA (V-max) over time. Resynthesis (zero-order) and degradation (first-order) of metabolic activity were described. Published iv pharmacokinetic studies in naive rats were used to estimate an initial V-max value, with K-m set to an in vitro determined value. Degradation and resynthesis rates were set to estimated values from a published immunoreactive GSTzeta protein time course. The first-order inhibition rate, k(d), was estimated to this same time course. A secondary, linear non-GSTzeta-mediated metabolic pathway is proposed to fit DCA time courses following treatment with DCA in drinking water. The PBPK model predictions were validated by comparing predicted DCA concentrations to measured concentrations in published studies of rats pretreated with DCA following iv exposure to 0.05 to 20 mg/kg DCA. The same model structure was parameterized to simulate DCA time courses following iv exposure in naive and pretreated mice. Blood and liver concentrations during and postexposure to DCA in drinking water were predicted. Comparisons of PBPK model predicted to measured values were favorable, lending support for the further development of this model for application to DCA or TCE human health risk assessment. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45437 USA. RP Keys, DA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dkeys@uga.edu NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 82 IS 2 BP 381 EP 393 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfh276 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 873AY UT WOS:000225252300005 PM 15375292 ER PT J AU Jiang, H Lawson, F AF Jiang, H Lawson, F TI Reaction mechanism for the formation of ammonium jarosite: thermodynamic studies and experimental evidence SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MINING AND METALLURGY SECTION C-MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY LA English DT Article DE reaction mechanism; formation of ammonium jarosite; hydrometallurgy AB Experimental and thermodynamic studies on the iron-sulphate-water system were carried out in order to appreciate the possible reaction mechanisms for the formation of ammonium jarosite. The mole ratio of ferric and sulphate species in the precipitates obtained during the kinetic studies was analysed. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) and differential thermal analyses (DTAs) were conducted to examine the weight losses from ammonium jarosite during its thermal decomposition. Based on the results of both the thermodynamic studies and the experimental test work, a possible reaction mechanism for the formation of ammonium jarosite is proposed. This proposed reaction mechanism and the possible multiple pathways by which jarosite precipitation could occur are discussed. When ammonia solution is used as the ammonium ion source, the formation of ammonium jarosite is belieived to start with the species FeSO4+ and Fe(OH)(3). Solid basic ferric sulphates. [Fe(OH)(2)](2)SO4 and Fe(OH)SO4 may be precursors for the formation of ammonium jarosite Fe(OH)(3) can undergo reactions forming hydroxyl feric Fe(OH)(2)(+) ions and these are able to form basic ferric sulphates. There appears to be a gradual solid state conversion of the basic ferric sulphates/hydroxides into jarosite over time. (C) 2004 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. C1 Monash Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Jiang, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ms 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM HJiang@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0371-9553 J9 T I MIN METALL C JI Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. Sect. C-Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 113 IS 3 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1179/037195504225006588 PG 7 WC Mining & Mineral Processing SC Mining & Mineral Processing GA 890SM UT WOS:000226531100007 ER PT J AU Field, RD Papin, PA AF Field, RD Papin, PA TI Location specific in situ TEM straining specimens made using FIB SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE in situ straining; transmission electron microscopy; focused ion beam AB A method has been devised and demonstrated for producing in situ straining specimens for the transmission electron microscope (TEM) from specific locations in a sample using a dual-beam focused ion beam (FIB) instrument. The specimen is removed from a polished surface in the FIB using normal methods and then attached to a pre-fabricated substrate in the form of a modified TEM tensile specimen. In this manner, specific features of the microstructure of a polished optical mount can be selected for in situ tensile straining. With the use of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), this technique could be extended to select specific orientations of the specimen as well. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Field, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab Div, Mail Stop G770, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rdfield@lanl.gov NR 1 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD DEC PY 2004 VL 102 IS 1 BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.08.002 PG 4 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 876RW UT WOS:000225516200004 PM 15556697 ER PT J AU Beleggia, M Schofield, MA Volkov, VV Zhu, Y AF Beleggia, M Schofield, MA Volkov, VV Zhu, Y TI On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE transmission electron microscopy; transport of intensity technique; phase retrieval; electron holography ID ELECTRON HOLOGRAPHY; MICROSCOPY; EQUATION; OBJECT AB The Transport of Intensity technique is becoming a viable alternative to electron holography for phase retrieval in Transmission Electron Microscopy. However, several issues are still to be clarified in order to ascertain the applicability of the technique; among them, the controversy regarding its geometrical or wave-optical nature, as related to the phase detection limit. We show here that the Transport of Intensity is a wave-optical technique that works in a special regime of small defocus where the image intensity is linear with the defocus parameter. By a simple analytical example we show that the Transport of Intensity correctly reconstructs the electron optical phase shift even when the phase is smaller than pi, a value defining the boundary between the geometrical and wave approaches. Another example is given, the reconstruction of a phase jump, accompanied with experimental support showing that phase retrieval by Electron Holography and Transport of Intensity techniques yields results in good agreement. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Beleggia, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM beleggia@bnl.gov RI Volkov, Vyacheslav/D-9786-2016; OI Beleggia, Marco/0000-0002-2888-1888 NR 33 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD DEC PY 2004 VL 102 IS 1 BP 37 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.08.004 PG 13 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 876RW UT WOS:000225516200006 PM 15556699 ER PT J AU DuPont, JN Robino, CV Michael, JR Mizia, RE Williams, DB AF DuPont, JN Robino, CV Michael, JR Mizia, RE Williams, DB TI Physical and welding metallurgy of Gd-enriched austenitic alloys for spent nuclear fuel applications - part II: Nickel-based alloys - tests proved Gd-enriched Ni-based alloys are excellent candidates for use in storing spent nuclear fuels SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gadolinium-enriched; nickel-based alloys; austenitic alloys; differential thermal analysis; hot ductility testing; varestraint testing; solidification cracking; eutectic reaction AB The physical and welding metallurgy of gadolinium- (Gd-) enriched Ni-based alloys has been examined using a combination of differential thermal analysis, hot ductility testing, Varestraint testing, and various microstructural characterization techniques. Three different matrix compositions were chosen that were similar to commercial Ni-Cr-Mo base alloys (UNS N06455, N06022, and N06059). A ternary Ni-Cr-Gd alloy was also examined. The Gd level of each alloy was similar to2 wt-%. All the alloys initiated solidification by formation of primary austenite and terminated solidification by a Liquid --> gamma + Ni5Gd eutectic-type reaction at similar to1270degreesC. The solidification temperature ranges of the alloys varied from similar to100degrees to 130degreesC (depending on alloy composition). This is a substantial reduction compared to the solidification temperature range of Gd-enriched stainless steels (360degrees to 400degreesC) that terminate solidification by a peritectic reaction at similar to1060degreesC. The higher-temperature eutectic reaction that occurs in the Ni-based alloys is accompanied by significant improvements in hot ductility and solidification cracking resistance. The results of this research demonstrate that Gd-enriched Ni-based alloys are excellent candidate materials for nuclear criticality control in spent nuclear fuel storage applications that require production and fabrication of large amounts of material through conventional ingot metallurgy and fusion welding techniques. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Joining & Coating Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP DuPont, JN (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 83 IS 12 BP 319S EP 329S PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 884LH UT WOS:000226085900014 ER PT J AU Goldbach, A Iton, LE Grimsditch, M Saboungi, ML AF Goldbach, A Iton, LE Grimsditch, M Saboungi, ML TI An air-stable selenium/zeolite nanocomposite SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MONOCLINIC SELENIUM; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; RAMAN-SPECTRA; ZEOLITE; RINGS; CLUSTERS; CHAINS; NANOCLUSTERS AB A novel selenium/faujasite nanocomposite was synthesized on the basis of Rb+-exchanged zeolite Y. The confined selenium has an optical band gap of 2.62 eV and exhibits a significantly improved stability in air when compared to other selenium/faujasite composites. Its unique Raman spectrum consists of 12 well-resolved modes, which are attributed to Se-8 (D-4d) crowns and stable Rb+ coordination complexes with this ring molecule. The Rb+ coordination has a strong structure-directing effect on the confined Se, promoting a complete cyclization of the Se inside the cavities of zeolite Y. The extraordinary stability of this composite is credited to the matching dimensions of the Se-8 rings and the aluminosilicate framework as well as to the coordinative immobilization of the Se clusters. C1 Ctr Rech Mat Divisee, Orleans, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Goldbach, A (reprint author), Ctr Rech Mat Divisee, Orleans, France. EM goldbach@cnrs-orleans.fr RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 24 BP 5107 EP 5113 DI 10.1021/cm049030h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 874QV UT WOS:000225365800038 ER PT J AU Gateshki, M Hwang, SJ Park, DH Ren, Y Petkov, V AF Gateshki, M Hwang, SJ Park, DH Ren, Y Petkov, V TI Structure of exfoliated titanate nanosheets determined by atomic pair distribution function analysis SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LAYERED TITANATE; CRYSTALLITES; DIFFRACTION; PROGRAM; FILMS AB Colloidal suspension of titanate nanosheets has been prepared by exfoliation of Cs-0.67-Ti1.83O4 through the intercalation of tetrabutylammonium (TBA). The atomic scale structure of the nanosheets has been determined using X-ray diffraction and the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) technique. The exfoliated titanate nanosheets have been found to be an irregular assembly of double layers of Ti-O-6 Octahedra accommodating water and TBA molecules in the interlayer space. The interlayer distances show a wide distribution ranging from 9 to at least 18 Angstrom. The separation between the titanate layers remains nearly the same in air-dried product of the colloidal suspension. C1 Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Konkuk Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Ctr Optoelect & Microwave Devices, Dept Appl Chem, Chungbuk 380701, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Petkov, V (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, 203 Dow Sci, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM petkov@phy.emich.edu NR 20 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 24 BP 5153 EP 5157 DI 10.1021/cm0488884 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 874QV UT WOS:000225365800046 ER PT J AU Yan, WF Hagaman, E Dai, S AF Yan, WF Hagaman, E Dai, S TI Functionalization of aluminophosphate AlPO4-H1 (VPI-5) with phenylphosphonic acid SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TEMPLATE-FREE SYNTHESIS; MOLECULAR-SIEVE; ORGANIC GROUPS; FRAMEWORK ALUMINOPHOSPHATE; INORGANIC SOLIDS; CATALYSTS; ZEOLITES; CHEMISTRY; DESIGN AB Zeolites and related substances, such as aluminophosphates with periodic three-dimensional framework structures which contain pores, have attracted much scientific interest for applications in chemical separation, shape-selective catalysis, host/guest chemistry, and low dielectric constant (low-kappa) materials preparation, etc. The recent interest in organically functionalized mesoporous and microporous inorganic materials arises from the advantages that the disparate moieties bring to the system. Although the synthesis of organically functionalized periodic mesoporous organosilicas has been extensively reported, there has been limited success in the functionalization of microporous materials. Herein, we describe the preparation of phenyl-functionalized AlPO4-H1 (VPI-5). The functionalization of AIPO(4)-H1 with phenylphosphonic acid was investigated by solid state C-13 and P-31 NMR, BET, XRD, FTIR, EDX, and TGA. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 39 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 24 BP 5182 EP 5186 DI 10.1021/cm048766b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 874QV UT WOS:000225365800050 ER PT J AU With, KA King, AW AF With, KA King, AW TI The effect of landscape structure on community self-organization and critical biodiversity SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE complex adaptive systems; community assembly; critical thresholds; evolutionary trajectories; neutral landscape models; self-organized criticality ID COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS; EXTINCTION STATISTICS; ECOSYSTEM; ECOLOGY; MODEL; PATTERNS; COEXISTENCE; STABILITY AB Critical biodiversity has been defined as the level of species richness at which communities are most susceptible to disturbance, where even small perturbations resulting from the introduction or extinction of a single species may trigger a mass extinction event. Beyond this threshold, it has been hypothesized that ordered communities with well-defined spatial structure will spontaneously form; these ordered communities are predicted to be resilient to small perturbations such that mass extinctions will no longer occur. We adopted a complex systems approach to explore how landscape pattern affected the critical biodiversity threshold (S-c) and the ability of communities to self-organize in heterogeneous random and fractal landscapes representing a gradient of spatial contagion. Communities that evolved in random and clumped fractal (H = 1.0) landscapes attained nearly the same average species richness (random S = 22, fractal S = 20.5), but the range of variation in community species richness was 3 x greater in random landscapes (random CV = 66%, fractal CV = 21%). Some communities that formed on random landscapes collapsed completely and never recovered, whereas complete system collapse never occurred on landscapes with a high degree of spatial contagion (clumped fractal). Nevertheless, spatial contagion initially enhanced the susceptibility of communities to mass extinction, and thus the critical biodiversity threshold was higher in landscapes with high spatial contagion (random S-c = 15; clumped fractal S-c 20). In other words, a greater number of species was ultimately required to buffer communities from the small perturbations that occasionally triggered mass extinctions on these highly ordered landscapes. The likelihood of attaining this critical biodiversity was also affected by landscape structure. Communities on clumped fractal landscapes evolved to (or got stuck at) the critical biodiversity threshold, whereas communities with an intermediate degree of order (H = 0.5) generally evolved beyond this point and attained a high level of species richness. Spatial structure is not a prerequisite for the emergence of community structure, but organized communities are inevitable in highly structured (ordered) landscapes. Order begets order and this order ultimately enhances system stability and the susceptibility of the system to mass extinction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37763 USA. RP With, KA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM kwith@ksu.edu RI With, Kimberly/J-5124-2014 OI With, Kimberly/0000-0001-5570-1515 NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 179 IS 3 BP 349 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.05.014 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 858CI UT WOS:000224167400007 ER PT J AU Kerr, JB Han, YB Liu, G Reeder, C Xie, JB Sun, XG AF Kerr, JB Han, YB Liu, G Reeder, C Xie, JB Sun, XG TI Interfacial behavior of polymer electrolytes SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Polymer Batteries and Fuel Cells (PBFC-1) CY JUN 01-06, 2003 CL Jeju Isl, SOUTH KOREA DE interfacial behavior; lithium batteries; polyelectrolytes; polymer electrolytes ID COMPOSITE ELECTROLYTES; NANOCOMPOSITE ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; GEL ELECTROLYTES; FILLED POLYMERS; RANDOM IONOMERS; LITHIUM; PERFORMANCE; BATTERIES; CELLS AB Evidence is presented concerning the effect of surfaces on the segmental motion of PEO-based polymer electrolytes in lithium batteries. For dry systems with no moisture the effect of surfaces of nanoparticle fillers is to inhibit the segmental motion and to reduce the lithium ion transport. These effects also occur at the surfaces in composite electrodes that contain considerable quantities of carbon black nanoparticles for electronic connection. The problem of reduced polymer mobility is compounded by the generation of salt concentration gradients within the composite electrode. Highly concentrated polymer electrolytes have reduced transport properties due to the increased ionic cross-linking. Combined with the interfacial interactions this leads to the generation of low mobility electrolyte layers within the electrode and to loss of capacity and power capability. It is shown that even with planar lithium metal electrodes the concentration gradients can significantly impact the interfacial impedance. The interfacial impedance of lithium/PEO-LiTFSI cells varies depending upon the time elapsed since current was turned off after polarization. The behavior is consistent with relaxation of the salt concentration gradients and indicates that a portion of the interfacial impedance usually attributed to the SEI layer is due to concentrated salt solutions next to the electrode surfaces that are very resistive. These resistive layers may undergo actual phase changes in a non-uniform manner and the possible role of the reduced mobility polymer layers in dendrite initiation and growth is also explored. It is concluded that PEO and ethylene oxide-based polymers are less than ideal with respect to this interfacial behavior. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94602 USA. RP Kerr, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 62RO203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94602 USA. EM jbkeff@lbl.gov NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 50 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 235 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.01.089 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 873EA UT WOS:000225261000002 ER PT J AU Zaghib, K Striebel, K Guerfi, A Shim, J Armand, M Gauthier, M AF Zaghib, K Striebel, K Guerfi, A Shim, J Armand, M Gauthier, M TI LiFePO4/polymer/natural graphite: low cost Li-ion batteries SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Polymer Batteries and Fuel Cells (PBFC-1) CY JUN 01-06, 2003 CL Jeju Isl, SOUTH KOREA DE natural graphite; LiFePO4; Li-ion battery; gel electrolyte; polymer AB The aging and performance of natural graphite/PEO-based gel electrolyte/LiFePO4 cells are reported. The gel polymer electrolytes were produced by electron-beam irradiation and then soaked in a liquid electrolyte. The natural graphite anode in gel electrolyte containing LiBF4-EC/GBL exhibited high reversible capacity (345 mAh/g) and high coulombic efficiency (91%). The LiFePO4 cathode in the same gel-polymer exhibited a reversible capacity of 160 mAh/g and 93% coulombic efficiency. Better performance was obtained at high-rate discharge with 6% carbon additive in the cathode, however the graphite anode performance suffers at high rate. The Li-ion gel polymer battery shows a capacity fade of 13% after 180 cycles and has poor performance at low temperature due to low diffusion of the lithium to the graphite in the GBL system. The LiFePO4/gel/Li system has an excellent rate capacity. LiFePO4 cathode material is suitable for HEV application. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, IREQ, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Joint Int Lab, CNRS,UdM UMR 2289, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Zaghib, K (reprint author), Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, IREQ, 1800 Lionel Boulet, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada. EM karimz@ireq.ca NR 7 TC 103 Z9 107 U1 7 U2 57 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 50 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 263 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.073 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 873EA UT WOS:000225261000006 ER PT J AU Waltz, J AF Waltz, J TI Microfluidics simulation using adaptive unstructured grids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE incompressible flows; unstructured grids; microfluidics; MEMS ID ANISOTROPIC MESH ADAPTATION; EULER EQUATIONS; FLOWS; REFINEMENT; SCHEME AB A methodology for microfluidics simulation is presented. The methodology solves the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with an adaptive unstructured Finite Element method. A semi-implicit Fractional Step procedure is used for time integration. The entire methodology has been parallelized for shared-memory architectures via an algebraic domain decomposition. Results from both verification problems and prototypical applications are included. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Waltz, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS T086, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jwaltz@lanl.gov NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 46 IS 9 BP 939 EP 960 DI 10.1002/fld.753 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 869PL UT WOS:000224996400003 ER PT J AU Lai, K Pan, W Tsui, DC Lyon, S Muhlberger, M Schaffler, F AF Lai, K Pan, W Tsui, DC Lyon, S Muhlberger, M Schaffler, F TI The two-flux composite fermion series of fractional quantum hall states in strained (100) Si SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, NHMFL DE strained Si; composite fermion; fractional quantum Hall effect AB Magnetotransport properties axe studied in a high-mobility 2DES in the strained Si quantum well. We observe around v = 1/2 the two-flux composite fermion (CF2) series of the FQHE states at v = 2/3, 3/5, 4/7, and at v = 4/9, 2/5, 1/3. Of the CF series, the v = 3/5 state is weaker than the nearby 4/7 state and the 3/7 state is missing, resembling the observation that the v = 3 is weaker than the v = 4 state. Our data indicate that the CF model still applies for the multivalley Si/SiGe system when taking into account the two-fold valley degeneracy. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Linz, Inst Halbleiterphys, A-4040 Linz, Austria. RP Lai, K (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM klai@princeton.edu RI Muhlberger, Michael/A-6586-2010; Schaffler, Friedrich/C-7026-2017; OI Schaffler, Friedrich/0000-0002-7093-2554; Muhlberger, Michael/0000-0001-7542-8552 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 27-29 BP 3533 EP 3535 DI 10.1142/S0217979204026950 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 899JH UT WOS:000227140200013 ER PT J AU Pan, W Reno, JL Simmons, JA AF Pan, W Reno, JL Simmons, JA TI Hysteresis in the quantum hall regimes in electron double-quantum-well structures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, NHMFL DE double quantum well structures; electronic transport; hysteresis AB We present in this paper the experimental results of transport hysteresis in an extremely imbalanced electron double-quantum-well (DQW) structure. The ratio of the top layer density (n(top)) to bottom layer density (n(bot)) is continuously tuned by applying voltage to a front gate. Under a condition when the top layer is nearly depleted (n(top) similar to 3 x 10(10) cm(-2)) while the bottom layer remains at n(bot) = 1.9 x 10(11) cm(-2), the hysteresis is absent in the B sweeps as long as the total Landau level filling v < 1 and the 2D electron systems are in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime. Surprisingly, a large hysteresis is observed during the gate sweeps at the same values of B and n(top). We attribute this unexpected hysteresis to the formation of an insulating state, probably a weakly pinned Wigner solid state, in the top layer. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pan, W (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM upan@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 27-29 BP 3671 EP 3676 DI 10.1142/S0217979204027268 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 899JH UT WOS:000227140200044 ER PT J AU Furis, M Barrick, T Robbins, P Crooker, SA Petruska, M Klimov, V Efros, AL AF Furis, M Barrick, T Robbins, P Crooker, SA Petruska, M Klimov, V Efros, AL TI Exciton spin states in nanocrystal quantum dots revealed by spin-polarized resonant photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, NHMFL DE CdSe nanocrystals; photoluminescence; line-narrowing; Zeeman splitting ID DARK-EXCITON AB We performed spin-polarized resonant Raman and resonant photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy (also known as "fluorescence line narrowing") on ZnS-capped CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots in high magnetic fields to 33 Tesla and temperatures down to 1.7K, which allows detailed investigation of the excitonic spin states. In these experiments, spin-polarized electrons and holes are resonantly injected by circularly polarized light into colloidal quantum dots of specific size, using a narrowband tunable dye laser and a fiber-coupled probe that is specially-designed for use in high-field magnets. In addition to the expected broad features associated with excitonic recombination and Raman-like peaks associated with quantized acoustic phonons, the photoluminescence spectra measured at magnetic fields larger than 10 Tesla develop a sharp peak, which moves roughly linearly with applied magnetic field. Further, the energy of this high-field peak varies systematically as a function of nanocrystal size. However, unlike typical electron spin flip transitions, the mode energy extrapolates to a finite value at zero magnetic field, suggesting the existence of an additional size-dependent exchange mechanism. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Furis, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mfuris@lanl.gov RI Furis, Madalina/F-8090-2015 OI Furis, Madalina/0000-0001-9007-5492 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 27-29 BP 3769 EP 3774 DI 10.1142/S0217979204027438 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 899JH UT WOS:000227140200061 ER PT J AU Jho, YD Wang, X Kyrychenko, FV Reitze, DH Stanton, CJ Kono, J Wei, X Crooker, SA Kadow, C Gossard, AC AF Jho, YD Wang, X Kyrychenko, FV Reitze, DH Stanton, CJ Kono, J Wei, X Crooker, SA Kadow, C Gossard, AC TI Interband magneto-spectroscopy of a high-density two-dimensional electron gas in a strong in-plane magnetic field SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, NHMFL DE fermi-energy; 2DEG; in-plane magnetic field AB We report results of temperature and field dependent studies of interband optical absorption and photoluminescence in a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong in-plane magnetic field (up to 45 T). We observe a field dependent shift of the Fermi energy with both the magnitude and sign of the shift varying with magnetic field. Simultaneous low temperature magneto-photoluminescence measurements reveal a monotonically increasing blue shift accompanied by a quenching of the intensity. A theoretical treatment based on a single particle picture and taking into account the diamagnetic shift as well as a shift due to an anisotropic effective mass cannot qualitatively reproduce our experimental results, indicating that many-body interactions may be important. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Jho, YD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM ydjho@magnet.fsu.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 27-29 BP 3831 EP 3834 DI 10.1142/S0217979204027542 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 899JH UT WOS:000227140200072 ER PT J AU Tsige, M Mattsson, TR Grest, GS AF Tsige, M Mattsson, TR Grest, GS TI Morphology of evaporated multiblock copolymer membranes studied by molecular dynamics simulations SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CONFINED DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; 2 HOMOGENEOUS SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLYMER-FILMS; MICRODOMAINS; LITHOGRAPHY; ORIENTATION; TEMPLATES AB We present extensive simulations modeling the casting of multiblock polymer films by evaporation. The domain structure of the resulting film is strongly affected by varying the relative stiffness of the coblocks. The morphology changes from a bicontinuous lamellar phase when both blocks are flexible to a small-scale phase-separated phase with isolated domains as the stiffness of one of the blocks increases. As the relative stiffness of the blocks changes, the rate of evaporation, interfacial width, and morphology of the system changes. The findings can be used to tailor membrane morphology of interest to fuel-cell applications where the morphology is important for proton conduction. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tsige, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Mattsson, Thomas/B-6057-2009 NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 24 BP 9132 EP 9138 DI 10.1021/ma048509s PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 874SX UT WOS:000225371200044 ER PT J AU Kazmirski, SL Podobnik, M Weitze, TF O'Donnelll, M Kuriyan, J AF Kazmirski, SL Podobnik, M Weitze, TF O'Donnelll, M Kuriyan, J TI Structural analysis of the inactive state of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase clamp-loader complex SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE AAA(+) ATPase; clamp loader; DNA polymerase III; DNA replication; replication factor C ID III HOLOENZYME; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SLIDING CLAMP; GAMMA-COMPLEX; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AAA ATPASE; SUBUNIT; MACHINE; REPLICATION AB Clamp-loader complexes are heteropentameric AAA(+) ATPases that load sliding clamps onto DNA. The structure of the nucleotide-free Escherichia coli clamp loader had been determined previously and led to the proposal that the clamp-loader cycles between an inactive state, in which the ATPase domains form a closed ring, and an active state that opens up to form a "C" shape. The crystal structure was interpreted as being closer to the active state than the inactive state. The crystal structure of a nucleotide-bound eukaryotic clamp loader [replication factor C (RFC)] revealed a different and more tightly packed spiral organization of the ATPase domains, raising questions about the significance of the conformation seen earlier for the bacterial clamp loader. We describe crystal structures of the E. coli clamp-loader complex bound to the ATP analog ATPgammaS (at a resolution of 3.5 Angstrom) and ADP (at a resolution of 4.1 Angstrom). These structures are similar to that of the nucleotide-free clamp-loader complex. Only two of the three functional ATP-binding sites are occupied by ATPgammaS or ADP in these structures, and the bound nucleotides make no interfacial contacts in the complex. These results, along with data from isothermal titration calorimetry, molecular dynamics simulations, and comparison with the RFC structure, suggest that the more open form of the E. coli clamp loader described earlier and in the present work corresponds to a stable inactive state of the clamp loader in which the ATPase domains are prevented from engaging the clamp in the highly cooperative manner seen in the fully ATIP-loaded RFC-clamp structure. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Kuriyan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kuriyan@berkeley.edu OI O'Donnell, Michael/0000-0001-9002-4214 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45547, GM38839, R01 GM038839, R01 GM045547, R37 GM038839] NR 41 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 48 BP 16750 EP 16755 DI 10.1073/pnas.0407904101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 876PC UT WOS:000225508400010 PM 15556993 ER PT J AU Lu, C An, S Worrell, WL Vohs, JM Gorte, RJ AF Lu, C An, S Worrell, WL Vohs, JM Gorte, RJ TI Development of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells for direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE intermediate temperature; solid oxide fuel cells; copper-ceria anodes; n-butane ID DIRECT-OXIDATION; DOPED CERIA; ELECTROLYTE; PERFORMANCE; SOFCS AB In this study, we compare the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) having composite Cu-based anodes but made with the following low-temperature electrolytes: samaria-doped ceria (SDC), Sr- and Mg-doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM), and scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ). Performance (V-I) curves and impedance spectra were measured using H-2 and n-butane fuels at 973 K. The results suggest that the use of electrolyte materials with higher ionic conductivity can lead to improved anodes for direct-utilization SOFC, although the performance of each of the cells in n-butane appears to be at least partially limited by the electrochemical oxidation reaction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Lu, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 62R0203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CLu@lbl.gov NR 13 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.019 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500010 ER PT J AU Rossignol, C Ralph, JM Bae, JM Vaughey, JT AF Rossignol, C Ralph, JM Bae, JM Vaughey, JT TI Ln(1-x)Sr(x)CoO(3) (Ln=Gd, Pr) as a cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE solid oxide fuel cell; cathode; perovskite; cobaltite ID POWDERS; CERIA AB Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have tested several cathodes on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) electrolytes for use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The Pr0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (PSC) and Gd0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (GSC) cathodes show the best performance on CGO, achieving an area-specific resistance (ASR) between 0.1 and 0.2 Omega.cm(2) at 650 degreesC. However, the desirable operating temperature for CGO is between 500 and 600 degreesC, where the ASRs remain very high. The cobalt-based materials in contact with the YSZ electrolyte exhibit severe reactions. To prevent these reactions, a dense interlayer of CGO has been added between the YSZ and the cobalt-based cathodes. The results for the PSC and GSC cathodes on the YSZ electrolyte protected by a CGO layer reveal ASR values between 0.1 and 0.2 Omega.cm(2) at 750degreesC and 0.3 Omega.cm(2) at 700 degreesC. Long-term testing of both PSC and GSC cathodes on YSZ electrolytes with CGO interlayers showed stable ASR values for 500 h at 800 degreesC. Thermal cycling between room temperature and 800 degreesC after long-term testing showed minimal degradation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ralph, JM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ralph@cmt.anl.gov OI Vaughey, John/0000-0002-2556-6129 NR 8 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 59 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.021 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500013 ER PT J AU Coffey, G Hardy, J Marina, O Pederson, L Rieke, P Thomsen, E AF Coffey, G Hardy, J Marina, O Pederson, L Rieke, P Thomsen, E TI Copper doped lanthanum strontium ferrite for reduced temperature solid oxide fuel cells SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE lanthanum strontium ferrite; copper; solid oxide fuel cell ID PEROVSKITE AB Copper doped lanthanum strontium ferrite showed superior kinetics for the electro-reduction of oxygen. The generic formulation was La1-xSrxCu1-yFeyO3 (LSCuF) where x ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 and y varied from 0 to 0.4. Doping with copper improved the electrocatalytic activity compared with undoped material. In oxygen, the La0.7Sr0.3Cu0.2Fe0.8O3 sample showed current densities approximately 2-3 times that of La0.7Sr0.3FeO3 and 10 times that of La0.8Sr0.2FeO3. This improvement was confirmed with cyclic voltammetric studies on half cells and on full fuel cell tests. Copper doped materials have unusual electrochemical characteristics and copper apparently undergoes a one electron reduction at overpotentials less than -0.1 V. This occurred only in air but not in oxygen. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rieke, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hardy, John/E-1938-2016 OI Hardy, John/0000-0002-1699-3196 NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.015 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500016 ER PT J AU Simner, S Anderson, M Bonnett, J Stevenson, J AF Simner, S Anderson, M Bonnett, J Stevenson, J TI Enhanced low temperature sintering of (Sr, Cu)-doped lanthanum ferrite SOFC cathodes SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE SOFC cathodes; LSF-20; YSZ AB This study details subtle compositional modifications (marginal A-site deficiencies and Cu B-site dopant additions) to a La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (LSF-20) cathode to enhance sintering below 1000 degreesC. The interaction of the modified LSF-20 compounds with YSZ below 1000 degreesC was also investigated. Initial single cell studies utilizing a (La0.8Sr0.2)(0.98)Fe0.98CU0.02O3 cathode on an anode-supported YSZ cell have indicated power densities in the range 1.35-1.75 W/cm(2) at 750 degreesC and 0.7 V C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Simner, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 79 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.016 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500017 ER PT J AU Dolle, M Hollingsworth, J Richardson, TJ Doeff, MM AF Dolle, M Hollingsworth, J Richardson, TJ Doeff, MM TI Investigation of layered intergrowth LixMyMn1-yO2+z (M=Ni, Co, Al) compounds as positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE lithium batteries; layered manganese oxides; intergrowths ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; MANGANESE OXIDES; EXCHANGE; CAPACITY AB Layered substituted lithium manganese oxides suitable for use as lithium ion battery electrodes may be prepared from the corresponding sodium manganese metal oxide compounds by ion-exchange. Stacking arrangements (O2, O3, or O2/O3 intergrowths) in the lithiated materials are dependent upon the Na/transition metal ratio in the sodium-containing precursors, the degree of substitution, and the identity of the substituting metal. O3 layered materials deliver up to 200 mA h/g at moderate current densities in lithium cell configurations, but convert rapidly to spinels upon cell cycling, while O2 compounds are more stable but deliver less capacity. Intergrowths show intermediate behavior, with higher capacities than pure O2 materials and better phase stability than O3 compounds. Some intergrowth structures do not appear to convert to spinel during normal cycling, suggesting it may be possible to tailor high energy density, phase stable layered manganese oxide electrodes for lithium batteries. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doeff, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mmdoeff@lbl.gov RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013; Dolle, Mickael/N-4288-2015 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047; Dolle, Mickael/0000-0002-8887-6730 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 225 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.032 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500044 ER PT J AU Garzon, FH Mukundan, R Lujan, R Brosha, EL AF Garzon, FH Mukundan, R Lujan, R Brosha, EL TI Solid state ionic devices for combustion gas sensing SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE sensors; combustion; platinum; hydrocarbons; carbon monoxide; oxygen ID ZIRCONIA OXYGEN SENSOR; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; CARBON-MONOXIDE; OXIDE ELECTRODE; BEHAVIOR AB We have performed extensive research on the development of new types of solid state combustion gas sensors over the last decade. The combination of new electrode materials, insights from sensor studies equipped with auxiliary reference electrodes, heterogeneous catalysis measurements and theoretical analysis has enabled the development of novel gas sensors at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The substitution of electronic conducting oxides for Pt electrodes has extended the applications of Nernstian-type zirconia oxygen sensors to high temperatures >900 degreesC and high sulfur environments. Novel sensor geometries that allow for gas diffusion through a porous electrolyte to a dense electrode improve the performance of mixed potential type sensors. We have also developed porous electrolyte potentiometric sensors that detect non-methane hydrocarbon gases in exhaust streams. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Garzon, FH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM garzon@lanl.gov NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.041 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500098 ER PT J AU Mukundan, R Brosha, EL Garzon, FH AF Mukundan, R Brosha, EL Garzon, FH TI A low temperature sensor for the detection of carbon monoxide in hydrogen SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE sensors; carbon monoxide; fuel cells; platinum and ruthenium ID FUEL-CELLS AB A sensor to detect the carbon monoxide in a reformate stream that fuels a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is presented. This electrochemical sensor consists of a Nafion(R) electrolyte and Pt- or Ru-based electrodes and works on the principle of differential CO poisoning of the various precious metal electrodes. Varying the composition and loading of the precious metal in the electrode optimized the response of the sensor. A sensor with a working electrode of Pt and a pseudo-reference electrode of Pt-Ru alloy and a precious metal loading of 10 mg/cm(2) showed a stable and reproducible response to 10-200 ppm of CO at room temperature and 100-1000 ppm CO at 70 degreesC. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mukundan, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D429,MST-11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mukundan@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 497 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.02.074 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500100 ER PT J AU Martin, LP Pham, AQ Glass, RS AF Martin, LP Pham, AQ Glass, RS TI Electrochemical hydrogen sensor for safety monitoring SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE hydrogen; sensor; electrochemical; stabilized-zirconia; YSZ ID OXIDE AB A hydrogen safety sensor is presented, which provides high sensitivity and fast response when operated in air. The target application for the sensor is external deployment near systems using or producing high concentrations of hydrogen. The sensor is composed of a catalytically active metal-oxide sensing electrode and a noble metal reference electrode attached to an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. The sensing approach is based on the difference in oxidation rate of hydrogen on the different electrode materials. Results will be presented for a sensor using a sensing electrode of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO). Response to H-2 and cross-sensitivity to hydrocarbon and H2O are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Martin, LP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Code L-353,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM martin89@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 527 EP 530 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.042 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500106 ER PT J AU Sun, XG Liu, G Xie, JB Han, YB Kerr, JB AF Sun, XG Liu, G Xie, JB Han, YB Kerr, JB TI New gel polyelectrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE single ion conductors; ionic conductivity; plasticizer; gel electrolytes; cell cycling ID IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES AB New polyelectrolytes were synthesized by grafting the allyl group containing lithium salt, lithium bis(allylmalonato)borate (LiBAMB), onto poly[pentaethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate-co-allyoxyethyl acrylate] through hydrosilylation chemistry. Gel polyelectrolytes were obtained by adding 50 wt.% of different 1/1 (wt/wt) mixtures of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). The highest ambient conductivity was 2.7 x 10(-8) S cm(-1) for the dry single ion conductors and 7.9 x 10(-6) S cm(-1) for the gel single ion conductor containing 50 wt.% of EC/DMC (1/1, wt/wt), and both are obtained for the sample with an EO/Li ratio of 40/1. The conductivity order of gel electrolytes containing the same amount of different mixed solvents suggests that the conductivity of the gel is more determined by the dielectric constant rather than by the viscosity of the solvent. The preliminary Li/Li cycling profile of a dry single ion conductor is encouraging, as almost no concentration polarization and relaxation was observed. However, some fluctuation of potential occurred, which might be due to the reactions of the electrolyte on the surface of lithium metal. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kerr, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS 62-203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbkerr@lbl.gov NR 12 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 713 EP 716 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.043 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500144 ER PT J AU Xie, JB Duan, RG Han, YB Kerr, JB AF Xie, JB Duan, RG Han, YB Kerr, JB TI Morphological, rheological and electrochemical studies of Poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes containing fumed silica nanoparticles SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE composite polymer electrolytes; Poly(ethylene oxide); nanoparticles; rheology ID NANOCOMPOSITE POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSITION AB In this paper, the rheology and crystallization of composite Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrolytes were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC and polarized light microscopy. The effects of fumed silica nanoparticles on the conductivities of the polymer electrolytes at temperatures above and below their melting points were measured and related to their rheology and crystallization behavior, respectively. The electrolyte/electrode interfacial properties and cycling performances of the composite polymer electrolytes in Li/Li cells are also discussed. The measured electrochemical properties were found to depend heavily on the operational environments and sample processing history. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dow Chem Co USA, Water Soluble Polymers, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Kerr, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbkerr@lbl.gov NR 13 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 755 EP 758 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.10.021 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500154 ER PT J AU Liu, G Reeder, CL Sun, XG Kerr, JB AF Liu, G Reeder, CL Sun, XG Kerr, JB TI Diffusion coefficients in trimethyleneoxide containing comb branch polymer electrolytes SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE lithium battery; polymer electrolytes; comb branch polyethers; trimethylene oxide; conductivity; salt diffusion coefficient ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; BATTERIES; PERFORMANCE; FILLERS AB This paper reports on a new comb branch polymer based on trimethylene oxide (TMO) side chains as a polymer electrolyte for potential application in lithium metal rechargeable batteries. The trimethylene oxide (TMO) units are attached to the side chains of a polyepoxide ether to maximize the segmental motion. Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt was used to formulate the polymer electrolyte with the new TMO containing polymers. The new polymer electrolytes show improved salt diffusion coefficients (D-s) and conductivity at ambient and subambient temperature compare to the ethylene oxide (EO) counterpart, whereas performance at high temperature (85 degreesC) remains the same or is actually worse for salt diffusivity. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kerr, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 62R0203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbkerr@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 781 EP 783 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.041 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500159 ER PT J AU Oh, B Amine, K AF Oh, B Amine, K TI Evaluation of macromonomer-based gel polymer electrolyte for high-power applications SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE macromonomer; gel polymer electrolyte; lithium gel polymer cell; hybrid pulse power characterization; area specific impedance ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; BLEND AB The electrochemical performance of 20 mA h lithium-ion gel polymer cells, containing a macromonomer-based gel polymer electrolyte, was investigated in terms of cell capacity, high-rate capability, and accelerated aging characteristics at 50 degreesC. A 2-M LiBF4 in EC/GBL (3/7 by vol.) electrolyte was used in the fabrication of the pouch cells. The higher concentration of lithium salt increases the carrier ions in the gel polymer electrolyte and contributes to an increased discharge capacity at high Currents. The area specific impedance (ASI) of the cell, measured by the FreedomCAR hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test method, was ca. 50 Omega cm(2) on an 18-s discharge pulse at 60% state-of-charge (SOC). This value is somewhat higher than that required for some high-power applications. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, CMT Div, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Oh, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, CMT Div, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM oh@cmt.anl.gov RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 22 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 785 EP 788 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.040 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500160 ER PT J AU Hall, SC Subramanian, V Teeter, G Rambabu, B AF Hall, SC Subramanian, V Teeter, G Rambabu, B TI Influence of metal-support interaction in Pt/C on CO and methanol oxidation reactions SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE fuel cells; DMFC; methanol oxidation; nanostructured; electrocatalysts ID FUEL-CELLS; ELECTRODES AB We report the synthesis and spectro-electrochemical characterization of platinum black and carbon-supported platinum with varying amounts of carbon support for fuel cell applications. The Structural aspects of the carbon-supported Pt-catalysts were Studied using XRD, HRTEM and XPS. The broad XRD peaks indicated the presence of nanoparticles of Pt, which was well complemented by the HRTEM studies. The valence states and the variation of the binding energy with respect to the particle size of the electrocatalysts were elucidated by XPS studies. The metal-support interaction in these carbon-platinum electrocatalysts and their influence on the oxidation of CO and methanol are also reported. The nanosturucture nature of the catalysts and its influence on the methanol oxidation are related and discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 So Univ, Surface Sci Spect & Solid State Ion Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. So Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. A&M Coll, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. NREL, Surface Anal Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Rambabu, B (reprint author), So Univ, Surface Sci Spect & Solid State Ion Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. EM rambabu@grant.phys.subr.edu NR 7 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 6 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 809 EP 813 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.08.030 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500164 ER PT J AU Liaw, BY Nagasubramanian, G Jungst, RG Doughty, DH AF Liaw, BY Nagasubramanian, G Jungst, RG Doughty, DH TI Modeling of lithium ion cells - A simple equivalent-circuit model approach SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Solid State Ionics CY JUN 22-27, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Int Soc Solid State Ion DE equivalent circuit model; lithium-ion battery; computer modeling and simulation ID POWER AB We present an equivalent-circuit-based battery model, capable of simulating charge and discharge behavior of lithium-ion batteries (LiB). The model, although simple in concept, can simulate complex discharge behavior with high fidelity, as validated by experimental results. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Electrochem Power Syst Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Lithium Battery R&D Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Long Life Power Sources Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liaw, BY (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Electrochem Power Syst Lab, 1680 E W Rd,POST 109, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM bliaw@hawaii.edu NR 9 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 6 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD NOV 30 PY 2004 VL 175 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 835 EP 839 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.049 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 883DM UT WOS:000225990500169 ER PT J AU Crowhurst, JC Darnell, IM Goncharov, AF Lassila, DH Zaug, JM AF Crowhurst, JC Darnell, IM Goncharov, AF Lassila, DH Zaug, JM TI Determination of the coefficient of friction between metal and diamond under high hydrostatic pressure SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH; DEFORMATION; STRESS AB We have developed an experimental method to obtain the coefficient of friction between diamond and metal under high confining pressure in the diamond anvil cell. A metal ring is compressed between the diamond anvils and its inner and outer diameters are measured as a function of the compression. Measured dimensions are then compared to the results of finite element simulations, in which the coefficient of friction is a free parameter. As an example, we apply the method to polycrystalline molybdenum up to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 GPa. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Crowhurst, JC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM crowhurst1@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5188 EP 5190 DI 10.1063/1.1828579 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700020 ER PT J AU Lopez, R Haglund, RF Feldman, LC Boatner, LA Haynes, TE AF Lopez, R Haglund, RF Feldman, LC Boatner, LA Haynes, TE TI Optical nonlinearities in VO2 nanoparticles and thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INSULATOR-TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE AB Z-scan and pump-probe measurements with ultrafast, 800 nm laser pulses were used to compare the ultrafast optical nonlinearities of VO2 nanoparticles and thin films in both semiconducting and metallic states. In the metallic state, both the nanocrystals and thin films exhibit a positive, intensity-dependent nonlinear index of refraction. However, the nonlinear effects are relatively larger in the VO2 nanocrystals, which also reveal a saturable nonlinear absorption. When the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition is induced by the laser pulse, VO2 thin films exhibit a negative equivalent nonlinear index of refraction while the nanocrystals exhibit a smaller but still positive index. Both the VO2 nanocrystals and thin films undergo the phase transition within 120 fs. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Inst Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lopez, R (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM rene.lopez@vanderbilt.edu RI Lopez, Rene/G-3734-2014; Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Lopez, Rene/0000-0001-6274-066X; Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 15 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5191 EP 5193 DI 10.1063/1.1826232 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700021 ER PT J AU Zhang, K Weertman, JR Eastman, JA AF Zhang, K Weertman, JR Eastman, JA TI The influence of time, temperature, and grain size on indentation creep in high-purity nanocrystalline and ultrafine grain copper SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; NICKEL AB Microhardness measurements have been carried out on high purity Cu samples with average grain sizes ranging from similar to10 to similar to200 nm, over temperatures from liquid nitrogen to ambient, and dwell-times of the indenter in the sample from 5 s to 39 h. The Vickers hardness diminishes approximately linearly with the logarithm of the dwell-time. At short dwell-times the hardness increases significantly with decreasing grain size and with decreasing temperature, but the influence of these variables substantially diminishes at longer times. Investigation by transmission electron microscopy shows that rapid grain growth under the indenter most likely is responsible for the strong and long-lasting indentation creep. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, K (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM jrweertman@northwestern.edu RI Weertman, Julia/B-7540-2009; Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; OI Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265 NR 10 TC 132 Z9 136 U1 8 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5197 EP 5199 DI 10.1063/1.1828213 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700023 ER PT J AU Ye, ZX Li, Q Hu, YF Pogrebnyakov, AV Cui, Y Xi, XX Redwing, JM Li, Q AF Ye, ZX Li, Q Hu, YF Pogrebnyakov, AV Cui, Y Xi, XX Redwing, JM Li, Q TI Electron scattering dependence of dendritic magnetic instability in superconducting MgB2 films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; NANO-COMPOSITES; TEMPERATURE; STABILITY AB Magnetic instability in both ultrapure and carbon-doped MgB2 films is investigated by magneto-optical imaging, transport, and bulk magnetization measurements. In the carbon-doped MgB2 thin films, familiar dendritic flux-jump patterns were observed at low temperature as reported in previous experiments. In the ultrapure MgB2 thin film, however, a remarkably stable flux penetration was observed, clearly showing the classic behavior of the critical state model. Such different behavior indicates that the electron scattering ultimately controls the magnetic stability of the MgB2 films. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Li, Q (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM qiangli@bnl.gov NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5284 EP 5286 DI 10.1063/1.1827931 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700052 ER PT J AU Jiang, JS Pearson, JE Liu, ZY Kabius, B Trasobares, S Miller, DJ Bader, SD Lee, DR Haskel, D Srajer, G Liu, JP AF Jiang, JS Pearson, JE Liu, ZY Kabius, B Trasobares, S Miller, DJ Bader, SD Lee, DR Haskel, D Srajer, G Liu, JP TI Improving exchange-spring nanocomposite permanent magnets SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION; FILMS AB We demonstrate a counterintuitive approach for improving exchange-spring magnets. Contrary to the general belief that the exchange-spring interface must be ideal and atomically coherent, we thermally process, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film bilayers to induce interfacial mixing. Synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping confirm the formation of a graded interface. The thermal processing enhances the nucleation field and the energy product. The hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. Model simulations produce demagnetization behaviors similar to experimental observations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Trasobares, Susana/H-5282-2015 OI Trasobares, Susana/0000-0003-3820-4327 NR 17 TC 95 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5293 EP 5295 DI 10.1063/1.1828225 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700055 ER PT J AU Wellstood, FC Urbina, C Clarke, J AF Wellstood, FC Urbina, C Clarke, J TI Flicker (1/f) noise in the critical current of Josephson junctions at 0.09-4.2 K SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; MACROSCOPIC QUANTUM STATES; DC SQUIDS; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; EXCESS NOISE; OSCILLATIONS; QUBITS AB We have measured the low-frequency noise in the critical current I-c of six dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) with resistively shunted Nb-NbOx-PbIn Josephson junctions in the temperature range T=0.09-4.2 K. Each device is voltage biased, the applied flux is an integer number of flux quanta, and the current fluctuations are measured with a second dc SQUID. At low frequencies f, there is a component of the power spectrum of the critical current fluctuations given approximately by S-Ic(f)=(CIcT2)-T-2/Af, where A is the area of both junctions, and Capproximate to(3.9+/-0.4)x10(-23) m(2)/K-2. For quantum bits based on Josephson junctions, the scaling of S-Ic(f) with T-2 implies that the dephasing time limited by critical current l/f noise should scale as 1/T for temperatures down to at least 0.09 K. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jclarke@physics.berkeley.edu RI Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD/H-4494-2011; Urbina, Cristian/M-6412-2015 OI Urbina, Cristian/0000-0001-9145-8081 NR 25 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5296 EP 5298 DI 10.1063/1.1826236 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700056 ER PT J AU Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Willey, TM Terminello, LJ AF Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Willey, TM Terminello, LJ TI Controlling the electronic structure of nanocrystal assemblies by variation of the particle-particle interaction SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GERMANIUM NANOCRYSTALS; QUANTUM DOTS; STATES AB The change in the electronic structure of germanium nanocrystals is investigated as their concentration is increased from noninteracting, individual particles to assembled arrays of particles. The electronic structure of the individual nanoclusters shows clear effects due to quantum confinement which are lost in the concentrated assemblies of bare particles. When the surface of the individual particles is passivated, they retain their quantum confinement properties also upon assembly. These effects are interpreted in terms of a particle-particle interaction model. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bostedt, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. EM Christoph.Bostedt@physik.tu-berlin.de RI Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011 OI Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830 NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5334 EP 5336 DI 10.1063/1.1828238 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700069 ER PT J AU Chen, LH AuBuchon, JF Gapin, A Daraio, C Bandaru, P Jin, S Kim, DW Yoo, IK Wang, CM AF Chen, LH AuBuchon, JF Gapin, A Daraio, C Bandaru, P Jin, S Kim, DW Yoo, IK Wang, CM TI Control of carbon nanotube morphology by change of applied bias field during growth SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EMITTERS AB Carbon nanotube morphology has been engineered via simple control of applied voltage during dc plasma chemical vapor deposition growth. Below a critical applied voltage, a nanotube configuration of vertically aligned tubes with a constant diameter is obtained. Above the critical voltage, a nanocone-type configuration is obtained. The strongly field-dependent transition in morphology is attributed primarily to the plasma etching and decrease in the size of nanotube-nucleating catalyst particles. A two-step control of applied voltage allows a creation of dual-structured nanotube morphology consisting of a broad base nanocone (similar to200 nm dia.) with a small diameter nanotube (similar to7 nm) vertically emanating from the apex of the nanocone, which may be useful for atomic force microscopy. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Suwon 440600, South Korea. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jin, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jin@ucsd.edu RI Kim, Dong-Wook/E-9866-2012; Daraio, Chiara/N-2170-2015 OI Kim, Dong-Wook/0000-0002-5687-7739; Daraio, Chiara/0000-0001-5296-4440 NR 14 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5373 EP 5375 DI 10.1063/1.1830081 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700082 ER PT J AU Kaplar, RJ Kurtz, SR Koleske, DD AF Kaplar, RJ Kurtz, SR Koleske, DD TI Optical and electrical step-recovery study of minority-carrier transport in an InGaN/GaN quantum-well light-emitting diode grown on sapphire SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAN; LUMINESCENCE; LIFETIMES AB Forward-to-reverse bias step-recovery experiments were performed on an InGaN/GaN single-quantum-well light-emitting diode grown on sapphire. With the quantum well sampling the minority-carrier hole density at a single position, the optical emission displayed a two-stage decay. Using a solution to the diffusion equation to self-consistently describe both the optical and electrical recovery data, we estimated values for the hole lifetime (758+/-44 ns), diffusion length (588+/-45 nm), and mobility (0.18+/-0.02 cm(2)/V s) in GaN grown on sapphire. This low value of the minority-carrier mobility may reflect trap-modulated transport, and the lifetime is suggestive of slow capture and emission processes occurring through deep levels. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kaplar, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rjkapla@sandia.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5436 EP 5438 DI 10.1063/1.1828229 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700103 ER PT J AU Medlin, JW Bastasz, R McDaniel, AH AF Medlin, JW Bastasz, R McDaniel, AH TI Hydrocarbon detection via ion implantation in metal-insulator-semiconductor devices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVE MOS-STRUCTURES; FIELD-EFFECT DEVICES; SENSORS; ADSORPTION AB A method for using metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) sensors to detect hydrocarbons is described. In this method, hydrocarbon gases are ionized and focused in an energetic beam onto the surface of a MIS device using an ion gun. This detection scheme is found to be selective to hydrogen-containing compounds, with other species yielding no detectable response. The magnitude of the sensor response is found to be a strong function of the current flux and beam energy. These results suggest that ion implantation in MIS devices may be a useful sensing strategy for detection of various combustible gases. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Medlin, JW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM amcdani@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 22 BP 5457 EP 5459 DI 10.1063/1.1829138 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 876GC UT WOS:000225483700110 ER PT J AU Fujita, E Muckerman, JT AF Fujita, E Muckerman, JT TI Why is Re-Re bond formation/cleavage in [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](2) different from that in [Re(CO)(5)](2)? Experimental and theoretical studies on the dimers and fragments SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; METAL-METAL BONDS; THIN POLYMERIC FILMS; DIRHENIUM DECACARBONYL; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; EXCITED-STATE; ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION; DIMANGANESE DECACARBONYL; CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; DIIMINE COMPLEXES AB The Re(NN)(CO)(3)(THF) (NN = bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine or dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) radical, produced by homolysis of [Re(NN)(CO)(3)](2) in THF solution by visible irradiation, dimerizes with rate constants k(d) = 20 +/- 3 and 11 +/- 4 M-1 s(-1) for NN = dmb and bpy, respectively. The dimerization processes are strikingly slow compared to those of typical metal radicals including Re(CO)(5) (k(d) approximate to 10(9) M-1 s(-1)). In order to explain such slow reactions, we have performed B3LYP hybrid DFT and fully ab initio RHF and MP2 calculations on several conformations of [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](2) (cis, trans, skewed cis, skewed trans) and [Re(CO)(5)](2) (staggered) and on their constituent monomer radicals and anions. The calculations show that the most stable geometry of [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](2) is skewed cis, and the experimental infrared spectrum and photochemical properties of the [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](2) dimer are best described by the calculated properties of the skewed cis conformer in which there is no low-lying unoccupied orbital that is predominantly sigma(MM)* in character. The Re(bpy)(CO)(3)(THF) ligand radical is more stable than the 5-coordinate "17-electron" metal radical, Re(bpy)(CO)(3), Suggesting that the extremely slow dimerization rate most likely arises from the solvent blocking the binding site (i.e., the estimated fraction of the five-coordinate monomer is 1.6 x 10(-2)). Theoretical results are consistent with our experimental results that the dimerization process proceeds via the Re centered radical, which is involved in a pre-equilibrium favoring the ligand-centered radical. Furthermore, time-dependent DFT calculations on [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](2) and [Re(bpy)(CO)(3)](-) identify the origin of UV-vis absorption in THF. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fujita, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM fujita@bnl.gov; muckerma@bnl.gov RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013; Fujita, Etsuko/D-8814-2013 NR 55 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 24 BP 7636 EP 7647 DI 10.1021/ic048910v PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 874QJ UT WOS:000225364600018 PM 15554628 ER PT J AU Oh, Y Kim, H Lee, SH AF Oh, Y Kim, H Lee, SH TI Spin asymmetries in gamma N ->(K)over-bar*Theta(+) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Theta(+) baryon; K* photoproduction; spin asymmetries ID CONSTITUENT QUARK-MODEL; SKYRME MODEL; MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; POSITIVE-STRANGENESS; PENTAQUARK THETA(+); CHIRAL SOLITON; LARGE-N; BARYONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION; QCD AB The photoproduction processes of the exotic Theta(+)(1540) baryon and the (K) over bar* meson from the nucleon targets, i.e., gamman --> K*- Theta(+) and gammap --> (K) over bar*(0)Theta(+), are investigated in a hadronic model. We consider K and K* exchanges as well as the s and u channel nucleon and e terms. Various spin asymmetries together with cross sections are first computed in order to study the production mechanisms and the parity of the Theta(+)(1540) baryon. Within the uncertainties arising from the model-dependence of the production mechanisms and several coupling constants, we find that some target-recoil double spin asymmetries, C-xx(TR), and C-xz(TR), are sensitive to the parity of Theta(+). In addition, the parity asymmetry of this reaction on the neutron target, which can be obtained by analyzing K* decay distribution, is found to be useful to estimate the K*NTheta coupling. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Yonsei Univ, Inst Phys & Appl Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM yoh@physast.uga.edu; hung@phya.yonsei.ac.kr; suhoung@phya.yonsei.ac.kr RI Oh, Yongseok/A-2504-2008 OI Oh, Yongseok/0000-0001-9822-8975 NR 96 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 745 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.010 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 868SA UT WOS:000224932100007 ER PT J AU Aydin, K Guven, K Katsarakis, N Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E AF Aydin, K Guven, K Katsarakis, N Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E TI Effect of disorder on magnetic resonance band gap of split-ring resonator structures SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION AB We investigated the influence of periodicity, misalignment, and disorder on the magnetic resonance gap of split-ring resonators (SRRs) which are essential components of left handed-metamaterials (LHMs). The resonance of a single SRR which is induced by the split is experimentally demonstrated by comparing transmission spectra of SRR and closed ring resonator. Misaligning the SRR boards do not affect the magnetic resonance gap, while destroying the periodicity results in a narrower band gap. The disorder in SRR layers cause narrower left-handed pass band and decrease the transmission level of composite metamaterials (CMMs), which may significantly affect the performance of these LHMs. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Iraklion, Greece. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Bilkent Univ, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Aydin, K (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM aydin@fen.bilkent.edu.tr; ozbay@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Aydin, Koray/D-5100-2009; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011 OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216; NR 14 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 12 IS 24 BP 5896 EP 5901 DI 10.1364/OPEX.12.005896 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 875YR UT WOS:000225459700010 PM 19488229 ER PT J AU Sessler, JL Melfi, PJ Seidel, D Gorden, AEV Ford, DK Palmer, PD Tait, CD AF Sessler, JL Melfi, PJ Seidel, D Gorden, AEV Ford, DK Palmer, PD Tait, CD TI Hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0). A new colorimetric actinide sensor SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Article DE expanded porphyrins; isoamethyrin; uranium; colorimetric sensor ID METALLOPORPHYRINS; URANIUM(VI); PORPHYRINS; CHEMISTRY; NEPTUNYL; CATIONS AB Hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0) (isoamethyrin) undergoes a significant color change in the presence of UO22+, PuO22+ and NpO22+. The complexation of the first of these dioxo actinide cations was studied in semi-quantitative fashion in 1:1 MeOH-CH2Cl2. Under these conditions, the detection limit for UO22+ was found to be ca. 5.8 ppm by naked eye monitoring and < 28 ppb by UV-vis spectroscopy. Isoamethyrin does not undergo a color change in the presence of most transition metals or when exposed to Gd(III). Isoamethyrin thus constitutes an attractive altemative to 2,2'(1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonaphthylene-2,7-bisazo)-bisbenzenarsonic acid (AzIII) and 2-(5-bromo2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (BrPADAP), systems currently used as actinide cation sensors. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Biochem & Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem C, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sessler, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Biochem & Chem, 1 Univ Stn A5300, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM sessler@mail.utexas.edu RI Gorden, Anne/D-2477-2011 OI Gorden, Anne/0000-0001-6623-9880 NR 21 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 60 IS 49 BP 11089 EP 11097 DI 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.055 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 870JP UT WOS:000225053700005 ER PT J AU Anzenbacher, P Jursikova, K Aldakov, D Marquez, M Pohl, R AF Anzenbacher, P Jursikova, K Aldakov, D Marquez, M Pohl, R TI Materials chemistry approach to anion-sensor design SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Article DE anion; sensor; receptor; conductive polymer; chromogenic material ID FLUORIDE ANION; POLYMERS; CHEMOSENSORS; RECOGNITION; CHARGE AB A new approach to sensing of aqueous phosphate-related anions based on chromogenic conductive polymers is demonstrated. The anion-sensor affinity can be adjusted by externally applied voltage. Introduction of p-doping to the polymers results in augmented anion sensitivity, which is ascribed to the effect of synergy between low-level p-doping in a polythiophene polymer and hydrogen bonding. The chromogenic conductive polymer films display anion-specific changes in color, conductivity, and mass upon increasing concentration of anions. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Kraft Gen Foods Inc, R&D, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. RP Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM pavel@bgnet.bgsu.edu NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD NOV 29 PY 2004 VL 60 IS 49 BP 11163 EP 11168 DI 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.060 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 870JP UT WOS:000225053700014 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Redner, S AF Ben-Naim, E Redner, S TI Winning quick and dirty: the greedy random walk SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article AB As a strategy to complete games quickly, we investigate one-dimensional random walks where the step length increases deterministically upon each return to the origin. When the step length after the kth return equals k, the displacement of the walk x grows linearly in time. Asymptotically, the probability distribution of displacements is a purely exponentially decaying function of \x\/t. The probability E(t, L) for the walk to escape a bounded domain of size L at time t decays algebraically in the long-time limit, E(t, L) similar to L/t(2). Consequently, the mean escape time similar to L ln L, while similar to L2n-1 for n > 1. Corresponding results are derived when the step length after the kth return scales as k(alpha) for alpha > 0. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ebn@lanl.gov; redner@lanl.gov RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD NOV 26 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 47 BP 11321 EP 11331 AR PII S0305-4470(04)86313-3 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/37/47/002 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 878RR UT WOS:000225664800003 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Frisch, H Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Moulik, T Fernandez, PAM Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nicollerat, AS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stefanini, A Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Frisch, H Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Moulik, T Fernandez, PAM Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nicollerat, AS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stefanini, A Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for doubly charged Higgs bosons decaying to dileptons in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRINO MASSES; MODELS; LEP; VIOLATION; PARITY; SCATTERING; SYMMETRY; MIXINGS AB We present the results of a search for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H+/-+/-) decaying to dileptons (ll') using approximate to240 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collision data collected by the CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. In our search region, given by same-sign ll' mass m(ll')>80 GeV/c(2) (100 GeV/c(2) for ee channel), we observe no evidence for H+/-+/- production. We set limits on sigma(p (p) over bar -->H++H---->l(+)l'(+)l(-)l'(-)) as a function of the mass of the H+/-+/- and the chirality of its couplings. Assuming exclusive same-sign dilepton decays, we derive lower mass limits on H-L(+/-+/-) of 133, 136, and 115 GeV/c(2) in the ee, mumu, and emu channels, respectively, and a lower mass limit of 113 GeV/c(2) on H-R(+/-+/-) in the mumu channel, all at the 95% confidence level. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Eergies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. 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High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594 NR 32 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 26 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 22 AR 221802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.221802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874BQ UT WOS:000225326300014 ER PT J AU Ollivier, H Poulin, D Zurek, WH AF Ollivier, H Poulin, D Zurek, WH TI Objective properties from subjective quantum states: Environment as a witness SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION; PHYSICAL REALITY; DECOHERENCE; EINSELECTION AB We study the emergence of objective properties in open quantum systems. In our analysis, the environment is promoted from a passive role of a reservoir selectively destroying quantum coherence to an active role of amplifier selectively proliferating information about the system. We show that only preferred pointer states of the system can leave a redundant and therefore easily detectable imprint on the environment. Observers who-as is almost always the case-discover the state of the system indirectly (by probing a fraction of its environment) will find out only about the corresponding pointer observable. Many observers can act in this fashion independently and without perturbing the system. They will agree about its state. In this operational sense, preferred pointer states exist objectively. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. INRIA, Projet Codes, F-78153 Le Chesnay, France. Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Ollivier, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Poulin, David/A-1481-2010 NR 27 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 26 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 22 AR 220401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.220401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874BQ UT WOS:000225326300001 PM 15601069 ER PT J AU Zhou, GW Yang, JC AF Zhou, GW Yang, JC TI Reduction of Cu2O islands grown on a Cu(100) surface through vacuum annealing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SITU UHV-TEM; OXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES; INITIAL-STAGES; OXIDATION; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; CU(110); SUBOXIDES; HYDROGEN; VACANCY AB The reduction of Cu2O islands grown on Cu(100) surfaces through vacuum annealing was visualized by an in situ ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscope. The shrinkage of the island followed a linear decay behavior. The complete reduction of the oxide islands leads to the formation of nanoindentations on the Cu surfaces. A simple phenomenological kinetic model based on the dissociation along the island perimeter suitably describes the reduction behavior of the surface oxide islands. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Zhou, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 31 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 26 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 22 AR 226101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.226101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874BQ UT WOS:000225326300033 PM 15601101 ER PT J AU Benkovitz, CM Schwartz, SE Jensen, MP Miller, MA Easter, RC Bates, TS AF Benkovitz, CM Schwartz, SE Jensen, MP Miller, MA Easter, RC Bates, TS TI Modeling atmospheric sulfur over the Northern Hemisphere during the Aerosol Characterization Experiment 2 experimental period SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE sulfate; modelling; CTM ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; GLOBAL SULFATE DISTRIBUTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS; UNITED-STATES; POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS; 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; DIMETHYL DISULFIDE AB A high-resolution (1degrees x 1degrees, 27 vertical levels) Eulerian chemical transport and transformation model for sulfate, SO2, and related species driven by analyzed forecast meteorological data has been run for the Northern Hemisphere for June-July 1997 and extensively evaluated with observational data, mainly from air quality and precipitation chemistry networks. For similar to5000 evaluations, 50% of the modeled sulfate 24-hour mixing ratios were within a factor of 1.85 of the observations; 50% of similar to328 concurrent subgrid observations were within a factor of 1.33. Much greater subgrid variation for 24-hour SO2 mixing ratios (50% of similar to3552 observations were within a factor of 2.32) reflects high variability of this primary species; for similar to12600 evaluations, 50% of modeled mixing ratios were within a factor of 2.54 of the observations. These results indicate that a substantial fraction of the modeled and observed differences is due to subgrid variation and/or measurement error. Sulfate mixing ratios are identified by source type (biogenic, volcanic, and anthropogenic) and production mechanism (primary and by gas-phase and aqueous-phase oxidation). Examination of key diagnostics showed substantial variation for the different types of sulfur, e.g., SO2 aqueous-phase oxidation rates of 29-102% d(-1) and sulfate residence times of 4-9 days. Volcanic emissions contributed 10% of the sulfate burden and 6% of emissions, because the elevated release allows large fractional conversion of SO2 and long residence time. Biogenic SO2 was generally at lower concentrations than H2O2, resulting in efficient aqueous-phase oxidation; this source type contributed 13% of emissions but only 5% of sulfate burden. Anthropogenic sources were the dominant contributors to sulfur emissions (80%) and sulfate burden (84%). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Benkovitz, CM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cmb@bnl.gov RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; NR 99 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D22 AR D22207 DI 10.1029/2004JD004939 PG 34 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 875OM UT WOS:000225430100002 ER PT J AU Sauer, MC Shkrob, IA Lian, R Crowell, RA Bartels, DM Chen, XY Suffern, D Bradforth, SE AF Sauer, MC Shkrob, IA Lian, R Crowell, RA Bartels, DM Chen, XY Suffern, D Bradforth, SE TI Electron photodetachment from aqueous anions. 2. Ionic strength effect on geminate recombination dynamics and quantum yield for hydrated electron SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TO-SOLVENT SPECTRA; SOLVATED ELECTRONS; ULTRAFAST DYNAMICS; EXCITED-STATES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CHLORIDE-ION; LIQUID WATER; HEXACYANOFERRATE(2) SOLUTIONS; RELAXATION DYNAMICS AB In concentrated solutions of NaClO4 and Na2SO4, the quantum yield for free electron generated by detachment from photoexcited anions (such as I-, OH-, ClO4-, and SO32-) linearly decreases by 6-12% per 1 M ionic strength. In 9 M sodium perchlorate solution, this quantum yield decreases by roughly 1 order of magnitude. Ultrafast kinetic studies of 200 nm photon induced electron detachment from Br-, HO-, and SO32- and 228 nm photodetachment from I- suggest that the yield of thermalized, solvated electron does not change in these solutions; rather, the ionic strength effect originates in more efficient recombination of geminate pairs. Within the framework of the recently proposed mean force potential (MFP) model of charge separation dynamics in such photosystems, the observed changes are interpreted as an increase in the short-range attractive potential between the geminate partners. Association of sodium cation(s) with the electron and the parent anion is suggested as the most likely cause for the observed modification of the MFP. Electron thermalization kinetics suggest that the cation associated with the parent anion (by ion pairing and/or ionic atmosphere interaction) is passed to the detached electron in the course of the photoreaction. The precise atomic-level mechanism for the ionic strength effect is presently unclear; any further advance is likely to require the development of an adequate quantum molecular dynamics model. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkrob@anl.gov RI Bradforth, Stephen/B-5186-2008 OI Bradforth, Stephen/0000-0002-6164-3347 NR 87 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 5 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 10414 EP 10425 DI 10.1021/jp047435j PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 872RY UT WOS:000225227300005 ER PT J AU Van Stipdonk, MJ Chien, W Anbalagan, V Bulleigh, K Hanna, D Groenewold, GS AF Van Stipdonk, MJ Chien, W Anbalagan, V Bulleigh, K Hanna, D Groenewold, GS TI Gas-phase complexes containing the uranyl ion and acetone SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ACTINIDE IONS; FRAGILE IONS; TRAP; HYDRATION; DISPLACEMENTS; URANIUM AB We report here that electrospray ionization (EST) of uranyl nitrate dissolved in a mixture of H2O and acetone causes the formation of doubly charged, gas-phase complexes containing UO22+ "solvated" by neutral ligands. Using mild conditions, the dominant species observed in the EST mass spectrum contained the uranyl ion coordinated by five acetone ligands, consistent with proposed most-stable structures in the solution phase. However, chemical mass shift data, ion peak shapes, and a plot of fractional ion abundance versus ion desolvation temperature suggest that in the gas phase, and under the ion-trapping and ejection conditions imposed, complexes with five equatorial acetone ligands are less stable than those with four. Multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry showed that uranyl-acetone complexes dissociate via the elimination of acetone ligands and through pathways that involve reactive collisions with adventitious H2O in the ion trap. At no point was complete removal of ligands to generate the UO22+ ion achieved. EST was also used to generate complex ions of similar composition and ligand number but different charge state for an investigation of the influence of complex charge on the tendency to add ligands by gas-phase association reactions. We found that the addition of a fifth acetone molecule to complexes initially containing four equatorial ligands is more facile for the doubly charged species. The singly charged complex shows a significant back-reaction to eliminate the fifth ligand, suggesting an intrinsic difference in the preferred coordination number for the U(VI) and U(V) complexes in the gas phase. C1 Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. Kansas Wesleyan Univ, Dept Chem, Salina, KS 67401 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Van Stipdonk, MJ (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. NR 45 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 10448 EP 10457 DI 10.1021/jp046565p PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 872RY UT WOS:000225227300009 ER PT J AU Scott, JR Wright, JB AF Scott, JR Wright, JB TI Computational investigation of the solvation of nitric acid: Formation of the NO3- and H3O+ ion pair SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; FUNCTION COUNTERPOISE METHOD; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; AB-INITIO; EQUILIBRIUM GEOMETRIES; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; CORRELATION-ENERGY; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; TRANSITION-STATES; ORBITAL METHODS AB MP2 and B3LYP calculations were performed on complexes of nitric acid with water using the 6-311++G(2d,p) basis set to determine optimized geometries and binding energies for HNO(3)(...)nH(2)O systems (n = 1-4). The structures for the global minima for n = 1-4 have homodromic rings formed by successive hydrogen bonds. The potential energy surface for the HNO(3)(...)nH(2)O clusters is quite shallow. The first stable ion-pair configuration is obtained for a HNO(3)(...)4H(2)O Complex. The ion pair, H3O+-NO3, is separated by the three H2O molecules forming an Eigen-ion (H9O4+) type structure. The transition states and activation barriers for n = 1-4 were also determined. The zero-point corrected transition-state barrier for the ion pair is only 0.5 kcal/mol. Larger HNO(3)(...)nH(2)O clusters (n up to 32) were also determined to be dominated by the ion-pair motif. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, RDECOM, AMSRD,NSC,SS,MS, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Scott, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, 2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM scotjr@inel.gov RI Scott, Jill/G-7275-2012 NR 61 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 10578 EP 10585 DI 10.1021/jp047663a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 872RY UT WOS:000225227300026 ER PT J AU Winans, RE Vajda, S Lee, B Riley, SJ Seifert, S Tikhonov, GY Tomczyk, NA AF Winans, RE Vajda, S Lee, B Riley, SJ Seifert, S Tikhonov, GY Tomczyk, NA TI Thermal stability of supported platinum clusters studied by in situ GISAXS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; METAL-CATALYSTS; IRON CLUSTERS; SURFACE; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; HYDROGEN; ALUMINA; FILM AB Sintering of supported nanocatalysts often leads to the loss of the catalytic activity and selectivity. This paper reports on synchrotron X-ray studies of the thermal stability of supported platinum nanoparticles produced by cluster deposition on the naturally oxidized surface of a silicon wafer (SiO2/Si(111)). The temperature region of aggregation was determined by gradually heating the samples up to above 400 degreesC, and recording two-dimensional in situ X-ray scattering images during the heat treatment. The data analysis reveals an unexpectedly high stability of the supported particles, which preserve their original size up to about 320 degreesC, at which an abrupt onset of the agglomeration takes place. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Winans, RE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rewinans@anl.gov OI Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 NR 19 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 18105 EP 18107 DI 10.1021/jp045549p PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 872SC UT WOS:000225227700001 ER PT J AU Wang, ZW AF Wang, ZW TI Formation of a quenchable dense carbon form by compression of double-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; HEXAGONAL DIAMOND; PHASE; TRANSFORMATION; GRAPHITE; ONIONS; GPA AB Double-walled carbon nanotubes were pressurized to similar to90 GPa by using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) at room temperature. High-resolution TEM and Raman spectroscopy on the recovered sample revealed that the carbon nanotubes collapse and result in the formation of a highly compressed carbon form. This carbon form has a c-layer interdistance of 0.21 nm, which is remarkably shorter than that of graphite (0.34 nm). The calculated density is 3.65 g/cm(3), slightly greater than that of diamond (3.52 g/cm(3)). It is suggested that this dense carbon form is a potential superhard material and is likely the significant precursor of the phase transformation of graphite to diamond. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM z_wang@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 18192 EP 18194 DI 10.1021/jp046846x PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 872SC UT WOS:000225227700014 ER PT J AU Lin, WY Han, HX Frei, H AF Lin, WY Han, HX Frei, H TI CO2 splitting by H2O to CO and O-2 under UV light in TiMCM-41 silicate sieve SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; TITANIUM-OXIDE CATALYSTS; PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; VISIBLE-LIGHT; ZEOLITE; MCM-41; PHOTOREDUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; TI-MCM-41 AB The 266-nm light-induced reaction of CO2 and H2O gas mixtures (including isotopic modifications (CO2)-C-13,, (CO2)-O-18, and D2O) in framework TiMCM-41 silicate sieve was monitored by in situ FT-IR spectroscopy at room temperature. Carbon monoxide gas was observed as the sole product by infrared, and the growth depended linearly on the photolysis laser power. H2O was confirmed as the stoichiometric electron donor. The work identifies CO as the single-photon, 2-electron-transfer product of CO2 at framework Ti centers with H2O acting as an electron donor, which has not been established before. O-2 was detected as coproduct by mass spectrometric analysis of the photolysis gas mixture. These results are explained by single UV photon-induced splitting of CO2 by H2O to CO and surface OH radical. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mailstop Calvin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frei, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mailstop Calvin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 32 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 18269 EP 18273 DI 10.1021/jp040345u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 872SC UT WOS:000225227700024 ER PT J AU Stack, AG Rustad, JR DeYoreo, JJ Land, TA Casey, WH AF Stack, AG Rustad, JR DeYoreo, JJ Land, TA Casey, WH TI The growth morphology of the {100} surface of KDP (archerite) on the molecular scale SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL MORPHOLOGY; ATTACHMENT ENERGY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; STEP KINETICS; PREDICTION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB The surface morphology of the {100} face growth hillock of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is examined through first-principles calculations and using periodic-bonded-chain (PBC) theory. KDP, or archerite ([K, NH(4)]H(2)PO(4)), is used extensively in industry and is an excellent model for more complicated materials that have considerable ionic and hydrogen bonding as part of their structure. Here, we have calculated the gas-phase detachment energies of KH(2)PO(4) growth units adsorbed to steps oriented normal to the [0 10] and [001] PBC directions. The detachment energies of growth units adsorbed to the two different terminations of the {010}-facing step are +4.2 and +4.5 eV, and detachment from the {011}-facing step is +3.8 eV. Detachment from the {010}-facing step is more unfavorable, indicating that the adsorbed species will be less labile and the step will advance more quickly than the {001}-facing step. The relative detachment energies are qualitatively consistent with experimentally observed fast and slow step velocities on the {100} growth hillock. Detachment energies of growth units adsorbed subsequently to the {010}-facing step are similar, but detachment of a second growth unit from the {001}-facing step is much more unfavorable, +5.1 eV. The increase in detachment energy indicates that the high rate of detachment of the initial KH2PO4 unit from the {001}-facing step may limit the advance of the step, whereas the second growth unit detaches much more slowly. To explain this behavior, we propose that the first growth unit adsorbed to the {001}-facing step has a higher lability because of the lack of hydrogen bonds to the step edge. This study provides a qualitative picture of how crystal structure may control growth morphology of KDP and emphasizes the importance of anisotropic hydrogen bonding in the system. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Chem Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Casey, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Chem Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM whcasey@ucdavis.edu RI Stack, Andrew/D-2580-2013 OI Stack, Andrew/0000-0003-4355-3679 NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 47 BP 18284 EP 18290 DI 10.1021/jp0473319 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 872SC UT WOS:000225227700026 ER PT J AU Tang, F Meeks, H Spowart, JE Gnaeupel-Herold, T Prask, H Anderson, IE AF Tang, F Meeks, H Spowart, JE Gnaeupel-Herold, T Prask, H Anderson, IE TI Consolidation effects on tensile properties of an elemental Al matrix composite SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE metal matrix composites; powder metallurgy; residual stress; strengthening mechanism ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; REINFORCEMENT; DUCTILITY; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; DEFORMATION; INTERFACES; STRESS AB In a simplified composite design, an unalloyed Al matrix was reinforced by spherical Al-Cu-Fe alloy particles (30 vol.%), using either commercial purity (99.7%) or high purity (99.99%) fine powders (diameter < 10 mum). This composite material was consolidated by either vacuumhot pressing (VHP) or quasi-isostatic forging. The spatial distribution of reinforcement particles in both VHP and forged samples was shown to be almost the same by quantitative characterization with a multi-scale area fraction analysis technique. The tensile properties of all composite samples were tested and the forged materials showed significantly higher strength, while the elastic modulus values of all composite materials were close to the upper bound of theoretical predictions. Neutron diffraction measurements showed that there were high compressive residual stresses in the Al matrix of the forged samples and relatively low Al matrix residual stresses (predominantly compressive) in the VHP samples. By tensile tests and neutron diffraction measurements of the forged samples after annealing, it was shown that the high compressive residual stresses in the Al matrix were relieved and that tensile strength was also reduced to almost the same level as that of the VHP samples. Therefore, it was deduced that increased compressive residual stresses and enhanced dislocation densities in the forged composites raised the tensile strength to higher values than those of the VHP composites. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ceracon Inc, Carmichael, CA 95628 USA. UES Inc, AFRL, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tang, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Bldg 4515,MS 6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tangf@ornl.gov OI Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas/0000-0002-8287-5091 NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 386 IS 1-2 BP 194 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.07.040 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 871JP UT WOS:000225127800024 ER PT J AU Robinson, CP AF Robinson, CP TI Revisiting the Baruch plan SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Robinson, CP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 432 IS 7016 BP 441 EP 442 DI 10.1038/432441a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 874AA UT WOS:000225322100019 PM 15565128 ER PT J AU Ping, JL Qing, D Wang, F Goldman, T AF Ping, JL Qing, D Wang, F Goldman, T TI Understanding pentaquarks with various quark models SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE pentaquark; color structure; quark models ID INTERMEDIATE RANGE ATTRACTION; COLOR-SCREENING MODEL; POSITIVE-STRANGENESS; PHASE-SHIFTS; DELOCALIZATION; NUCLEON; BARYONS; STATES; WAVES; QCD AB We study the recently reported pentaquark state with three quark models which fit either nucleon spin structure or NN scattering data. The minimum Theta(+) mass obtained is 1620 MeV for both the 1/2(+/-) states. The mixing of various color structure configurations, which could further reduce the mass of the pentaquark state, should be taken into account in further calculations. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China. Nanjing Univ, Ctr Theoret Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Shandong Univ, Sch Phys & Microelect, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. LANL, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ping, JL (reprint author), Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China. EM jlping@pine.njnu.edu.cn NR 79 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 602 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.10.008 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 871HE UT WOS:000225120000006 ER PT J AU Ouyang, J Xu, QF Chu, CW Yang, Y Li, G Shinar, J AF Ouyang, J Xu, QF Chu, CW Yang, Y Li, G Shinar, J TI On the mechanism of conductivity enhancement in poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) film through solvent treatment SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE PEDOT : PSS; conductivity; solvent ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD; POLYANILINE EMERALDINE SALT; POLY(3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE); TRANSPORT; ANODES; MORPHOLOGY AB The conductivity of a poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film is enhanced by more than 100-folds on adding some organic compounds into PEDOT:PSS aqueous solutions or by treating the PEDOT:PSS film with organic solvents, such as ethylene glycol (EG), 2-nitroethanol, methyl sulfoxide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. The mechanism for this conductivity enhancement was studied through various chemical and physical characterizations. The PEDOT:PSS film which is soluble in water becomes insoluble after treatment with EG. This strongly suggests an increased interchain interaction among the PEDOT chains. Raman spectroscopy indicates that this increased interchain interaction results from conformational changes of the PEDOT chains, which change from a coil to linear or expanded-coil structure. The increased interchain interaction and conformation changes are further confirmed by the temperature dependence of conductivity and the electron spin resonance (ESR). It is found that EG treatment lowers the energy barrier for charge hopping among the PEDOT chains, lowers the polaron concentration in the PEDOT:PSS film by similar to50%, and increases the electrochemical activity of the PEDOT:PSS film in NaCl aqueous solution by similar to100%. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements show that the surface morphology of the PEDOT:PSS film changes as well after the EG treatment. Conductivity enhancement was also observed when other organic compounds were used, but it was strongly dependent on the chemical structure of the organic compounds, and observed only with organic compound with two or more polar groups. These experimental results support our proposal that the conductivity enhancement is due to the conformational change of the PEDOT chains and the driving force is the interaction between the dipoles of the organic compound and dipoles or charges on the PEDOT chains. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ouyang, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ouyangj@ucla.edu; yangy@ucla.edu RI Yang, Yang/A-2944-2011; Ouyang, Jianyong/F-6063-2011; Chu, Chih Wei/C-2349-2009; Li, Gang/A-5667-2012 OI Li, Gang/0000-0001-8399-7771 NR 32 TC 540 Z9 560 U1 38 U2 308 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD NOV 25 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 25 BP 8443 EP 8450 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.001 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 876OX UT WOS:000225507800017 ER PT J AU Li, YW Shawgo, RS Tyler, B Henderson, PT Vogel, JS Rosenberg, A Storm, PB Langer, R Brem, H Cima, MJ AF Li, YW Shawgo, RS Tyler, B Henderson, PT Vogel, JS Rosenberg, A Storm, PB Langer, R Brem, H Cima, MJ TI In vivo release from a drug delivery MEMS device SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE LA English DT Article DE microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); drug delivery; in vivo release kinetics; carmustine (BCNU); accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHARMACOKINETICS; BCNU; 1,3-BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)-1-NITROSOUREA; CHEMOTHERAPY; CARMUSTINE; SYSTEMS; TISSUE; GLIOMA AB A drug delivery microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device was designed to release complex profiles of multiple substances in order to maximize the effectiveness of drug therapies. The device is based on micro-reservoirs etched into a silicon substrate that contain individual doses of drug. Each dose is released by the electrochemical dissolution of the gold membrane that covers the reservoir. The first in vivo operation of this device was reported in this study. Subcutaneous release was demonstrated in rats using two tracer molecules, fluorescein dye and radiolabeled mannitol, and one radiolabeled chemotherapeutic agent, carmustine (BCNU). BCNU was chosen because of the need to improve the direct delivery of chemotherapy to malignant tumors. The spatial profile of fluorescein dye release from the drug delivery device was evaluated by fluorimetry, the temporal profile of C-14 labeled mannitol release was evaluated by liquid scintillation counting, and the temporal profile of C-14 labeled BCNU release was evaluated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Release profiles obtained from injected controls were compared with those from activated devices. The in vivo dye release results showed high concentration of fluorescein in the flank tissue surrounding the devices 1 h after activation. The C-14 labeled mannitol released from the drug delivery devices was rapidly cleared (1 day) from the rat urine. in vivo release of C-14 labeled BCNU from activated devices showed slightly slower kinetics than the injected and in vitro controls, and the time to reach the steady-state plasma C-14 concentration was on the order of 1 h. All these results demonstrated the capability of this drug delivery device to achieve localized delivery of various compounds with well-defined temporal profiles. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Cima, MJ (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mjcima@mit.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [U19-CA52857]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR13461]; NIAID NIH HHS [1 R24 AI47739-01] NR 26 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-3659 J9 J CONTROL RELEASE JI J. Control. Release PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 100 IS 2 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.08.018 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 881FB UT WOS:000225847700006 PM 15544869 ER PT J AU Pattanayek, R Sethaphong, L Pan, CL Prhavc, M Prakash, TP Manoharan, M Egli, M AF Pattanayek, R Sethaphong, L Pan, CL Prhavc, M Prakash, TP Manoharan, M Egli, M TI Structural rationalization of a large difference in RNA affinity despite a small difference in chemistry between two 2 '-O-modified nucleic acid analogues SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; EXONUCLEASE RESISTANCE; STABILITY; DUPLEXES C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. ISIS Pharmaceut, Dept Med Chem, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. Alnylam Pharmaceut, Dept Drug Discovery, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Egli, M (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM martin.egli@vanderbilt.edu RI Pan, Chongle/C-6960-2008 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55237] NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15006 EP 15007 DI 10.1021/ja044637k PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600004 PM 15547979 ER PT J AU Ji, N Shen, YR AF Ji, N Shen, YR TI Optically active sum frequency generation from molecules with a chiral center: Amino acids as model systems SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; ROTATORY DISPERSION; SPECTROSCOPY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shen, YR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shenyr@socrates.Berkeley.edu NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15008 EP 15009 DI 10.1021/ja045708i PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600005 PM 15547980 ER PT J AU Agard, NJ Prescher, JA Bertozzi, CR AF Agard, NJ Prescher, JA Bertozzi, CR TI A strain-promoted [3+2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition for covalent modification of blomolecules in living systems SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CLICK CHEMISTRY; STAUDINGER LIGATION; PROTEINS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crb@cchem.berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58867] NR 25 TC 941 Z9 947 U1 26 U2 339 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15046 EP 15047 DI 10.1021/ja0449981 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600024 PM 15547999 ER PT J AU Tulevski, GS Miao, Q Fukuto, M Abram, R Ocko, B Pindak, R Steigerwald, ML Kagan, CR Nuckolls, C AF Tulevski, GS Miao, Q Fukuto, M Abram, R Ocko, B Pindak, R Steigerwald, ML Kagan, CR Nuckolls, C TI Attaching organic semiconductors to gate oxides: In situ assembly of monolayer field effect transistors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; NM CHANNEL-LENGTH; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; X-RAY; PENTACENE; CHEMISTRY; SURFACES; QUINODIMETHANE; SPECTROSCOPY C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Nanosci Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11970 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM cn37@columbia.edu RI Miao, Qian/D-2680-2011 NR 32 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15048 EP 15050 DI 10.1021/ja044101z PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600025 PM 15548000 ER PT J AU Mao, YB Wong, SS AF Mao, YB Wong, SS TI General, room-temperature method for the synthesis of isolated as well as arrays of single-crystalline ABO(4)-type nanorods SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CATANIONIC REVERSE MICELLES; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; COMPLEX MORPHOLOGIES; NANOPOROUS ALUMINA; TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; BARIUM CHROMATE; OXIDE NANORODS; BAWO4 CRYSTAL; NANOTUBES AB Single-crystalline BaWO4 and BaCrO4 nanorods of reproducible shape and of varying sizes have been controllably prepared using a simple, room-temperature approach, based on the use of porous alumina template membranes. Aligned BaWO4 and BaCrO4 nanorod arrays can be obtained by dissolving the template. Our facile technique, which is analogous to biomineralization, offers a promising and generalized methodology to prepare other types of free-standing ABO(4) nanorods and their corresponding nanorod arrays. Extensive characterization of these samples has been performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Raman spectroscopy, FT-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wong, SS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu RI Mao, Yuanbing/D-5580-2009 NR 70 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15245 EP 15252 DI 10.1021/ja046331j PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600046 PM 15548021 ER PT J AU Spence, MM Ruiz, EJ Rubin, SM Lowery, TJ Winssinger, N Schultz, PG Wemmer, DE Pines, A AF Spence, MM Ruiz, EJ Rubin, SM Lowery, TJ Winssinger, N Schultz, PG Wemmer, DE Pines, A TI Development of a functionalized xenon biosensor SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LASER-POLARIZED XENON; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; XE-129 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; HOST-GUEST COMPLEXATION; LABELED CRYPTOPHANE-A; COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; HYPERPOLARIZED XENON; ALPHA-CYCLODEXTRIN; SHIELDING TENSOR; DRUG DISCOVERY AB NMR-based biosensors that utilize laser-polarized xenon offer potential advantages beyond current sensing technologies. These advantages include the capacity to simultaneously detect multiple analytes, the applicability to in vivo spectroscopy and imaging, and the possibility of "remote" amplified detection. Here, we present a detailed NMR characterization of the binding of a biotin-derivatized caged-xenon sensor to avidin. Binding of "functionalized" xenon to avidin leads to a change in the chemical shift of the encapsulated xenon in addition to a broadening of the resonance, both of which serve as NMR markers of ligand-target interaction. A control experiment in which the biotin-binding site of avidin was blocked with native biotin showed no such spectral changes, confirming that only specific binding, rather than nonspecific contact, between avidin and functionalized xenon leads to the effects on the xenon NMR spectrum. The exchange rate of xenon (between solution and cage) and the xenon spin-lattice relaxation rate were not changed significantly upon binding. We describe two methods for enhancing the signal from functionalized xenon by exploiting the laser-polarized xenon magnetization reservoir. We also show that the xenon chemical shifts are distinct for xenon encapsulated in different diastereomeric cage molecules. This demonstrates the potential for tuning the encapsulated xenon chemical shift, which is a key requirement for being able to multiplex the biosensor. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Pines, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pines@berkeley.edu RI Winssinger, Nicolas/B-6710-2017 OI Winssinger, Nicolas/0000-0003-1636-7766 NR 76 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 46 BP 15287 EP 15294 DI 10.1021/ja0483037 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 872UH UT WOS:000225233600051 PM 15548026 ER PT J AU Yoon, TH Johnson, SB Benzerara, K Doyle, CS Tyliszczak, T Shuh, DK Brown, GE AF Yoon, TH Johnson, SB Benzerara, K Doyle, CS Tyliszczak, T Shuh, DK Brown, GE TI In situ characterization of aluminum-containing mineral-microorganism aqueous suspensions using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; AL K-EDGE; ENVIRONMENT; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; COLLOIDS; WATER; CONTAMINANTS; CAULOBACTER; TRANSPORT AB In situ characterization of colloidal particles under hydrous conditions is one of the key requirements for understanding their state of aggregation and impact on the transport of pollutants in aqueous environments. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is one of the few techniques that can satisfy this need by providing element- and chemical-state-specific 2-D maps at a spatial resolution better than 50 nm using soft X-rays from synchrotron radiation wiggler or undulator sources tuned to the absorption edges of different elements. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra can also be collected simultaneously at a similar spatial resolution and can provide phase identification in many cases. In this study, we report STXM images and XANES spectroscopy measurements at or above the Al K-edge (E = 1559.6 eV) of various Al-containing minerals and synthetic oxides [alpha-Al2O3 (corundum), gamma-Al2O3, gamma-AIOOH (boehmite), alpha-Al(OH)(3) (bayerite), KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)(2) (muscovite), (Al,Mg)(8)(Si4O10)(4)(OH)(8).nH(2)O (montmorillonite), and Mg6Al2(OH)(16)CO3.4H(2)O (hydrotalcite)] and demonstrate the capability of this spectromicroscopic tool to identify different Al-containing mineral colloids in multiphase mixtures in aqueous solution. We also demonstrate that STXM imaging at or above the C K-edge (E = 284.2 eV) and Al K-edge can provide unique information on the interactions between bacteria and Al-containing nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions. STXM images of a mixture of Caulobacter crescentus and montmorillonite and corundum particles just above the C and Al K-edges show that the mineral particles and bacteria are closely associated in aggregates, which is likely due to the binding of bacteria to clay and corundum particles by extracellular polysaccharides. C1 Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Brown, GE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gordon@pangea.stanford.edu RI Benzerara, Karim/J-1532-2016; IMPMC, Geobio/F-8819-2016 OI Benzerara, Karim/0000-0002-0553-0137; NR 25 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 23 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 24 BP 10361 EP 10366 DI 10.1021/la048558y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 872KZ UT WOS:000225207400001 PM 15544358 ER PT J AU Schaldach, CM Bourcier, WL Paul, PH Wilson, WD AF Schaldach, CM Bourcier, WL Paul, PH Wilson, WD TI Dielectrophoretic forces on the nanoscale SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ION-TRANSPORT; CELLS; SEPARATION; PARTICLES; MOLECULES; TWEEZERS; FIELDS; BLOOD; TRAPS AB We have developed a method of calculation of the dielectrophoretic force on a nanoparticle in a fluid environment where variations in the electric field and electric field gradients are on the same nanoscale as the particle. The Boundary Element Dielectrophoretic Force (BEDF) method involves constructing a solvent-accessible or molecular surface surrounding the particle, calculating the normal component of the electric field at the surface boundary elements, and then solving a system of linear equations for the induced surface polarization charge on each element. Different surface elements of the molecule may experience quite different polarizing electric fields, unlike the situation in the point dipole approximation. A single 100-Angstrom-radius ring test configuration is employed to facilitate comparison with the well-known point dipole approximation (PDA). We find remarkable agreement between the forces calculated by the BEDF and PDA methods for a 1 Angstrom polarizable sphere. However, for larger particles, the differences between the methods become qualitative as well as quantitative; the character of the force changes from attractive at the origin of the ring for a 50-Angstrom sphere, to repulsive for a 75-Angstrom sphere. Equally dramatic differences are found in a more complex electrical environment involving two sets of 10 rings. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Eksigent Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wilson, WD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wdwils@llnl.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 23 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 24 BP 10744 EP 10750 DI 10.1021/la040059 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 872KZ UT WOS:000225207400054 PM 15544411 ER PT J AU Grandt, PA Griffith, AE Manasreh, MO Friedman, DJ Dogan, S Johnstone, D AF Grandt, PA Griffith, AE Manasreh, MO Friedman, DJ Dogan, S Johnstone, D TI Determination of the carrier concentration in InGaAsN/GaAs single quantum wells using Raman scattering SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ELECTRON EFFECTIVE-MASS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; PLASMON COUPLED MODES; CONDUCTION-BAND; GAAS; NITROGEN; THRESHOLD; LASERS AB Raman scattering from longitudinal optical phonon-plasmon coupled mode was observed in a series of InGaAsN/GaAs single quantum well samples grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The phonon-plasmon mode spectra were fitted with the dielectric constant function based on Drude model that contains contributions from both lattice vibrations and conduction electrons. The carrier concentration is calculated directly from the plasmon frequency, which is obtained from the fitting procedure. An empirical expression for the electron concentration, [n], in InGaAsN/GaAs samples is determined as [n]approximate to{2.35x10(16)(omega(m)-502)}cm(-3), where omega(m) is the peak of the upper frequency branch, L+, of the phonon-plasmon mode measured in unit of cm(-1). The phonon-plasmon coupled mode was also investigated in rapid thermally annealed samples. (C) 2004 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 3217, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Manasreh, MO (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 3217, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM manasreh@engr.uark.edu RI Dogan, Seydi/F-8445-2016 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 22 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 21 BP 4905 EP 4907 DI 10.1063/1.1823014 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 873SG UT WOS:000225300600026 ER PT J AU Ruiz, R Mayer, AC Malliaras, GG Nickel, B Scoles, G Kazimirov, A Kim, H Headrick, RL Islam, Z AF Ruiz, R Mayer, AC Malliaras, GG Nickel, B Scoles, G Kazimirov, A Kim, H Headrick, RL Islam, Z TI Structure of pentacene thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION; TRANSISTORS; GROWTH; PHASE AB Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, x-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy have been performed to study the structure of pentacene thin films on oxidized Si substrates from submonolayer to multilayer coverages. The volume of the unit cell in the thin film phase is almost identical to that of the bulk phase, thus the molecular packing efficiency is effectively the same in both phases. The structure forming from the first monolayer remains the same for films at least 190 Angstrom thick. The in-plane structure of the submonolayer islands also remains unchanged within a substrate temperature range of 0 0) transition at 89 GHz are obtained simultaneously with a 40% improved angular resolution and 4 - 15 times improved sensitivity over the previously published results, and the distribution and kinematics of the dense molecular gas in the circumnuclear disk ( CND) are mapped and compared with those of the ionized gas. The line brightness ratios of the hydrogen recombination lines are consistent with purely spontaneous emission from T-e similar to 7000 K gas with n(e) similar to 2 x 10(4) cm(-3) near LTE condition. A virial analysis suggests that the most prominent molecular gas clumps in the CND have mean densities on the order of 10(7) cm(-3), sufficient to withstand the tidal shear in the Galactic center region. Therefore, these clumps may survive over several dynamical times, and the CND may be a dynamically stable structure. We estimate a total gas mass of about 3 x 10(5) M-. for the CND. Our combined analysis of the new high-resolution H41alpha and HCO+ images and our kinematic model demonstrates a widely spread physical and dynamical link between the molecular gas in the CND and the ionized gas, including along the eastern rim of the CND where a gap was previously suggested. C1 CALTECH, Owens Valley Radio Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Shukla, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 50R6048, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hemant@ovro.caltech.edu; myun@astro.umass.edu; nzs@astro.caltech.edu NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 616 IS 1 BP 231 EP 246 DI 10.1086/424868 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 872HY UT WOS:000225199500019 ER PT J AU Wood-Vasey, WM Wang, L Aldering, G AF Wood-Vasey, WM Wang, L Aldering, G TI Photometry of SN 2002ic and implications for the progenitor mass-loss history SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars : winds, outflows; supernovae : general; supernovae : individual (SN 2002ic) ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; IA SUPERNOVA; CIRCUMSTELLAR GAS; ENVELOPES; EMISSION; NEBULAE; SYSTEM; PUZZLE; PIECE; RICH AB We present new premaximum and late-time optical photometry of the Type Ia/IIn supernova 2002ic. These observations are combined with the published V-band magnitudes of Hamuy and coauthors and the VLT spectrophotometry of Wang and coauthors to construct the most extensive light curve to date of this unusual supernova. The observed flux at late time is significantly higher relative to the flux at maximum than that of any other observed Type Ia supernova and continues to fade very slowly a year after the explosion. Our analysis of the light curve suggests that a non-Type Ia supernova component becomes prominent similar to20 days after explosion. Modeling of the non-Type Ia supernova component as heating from the shock interaction of the supernova ejecta with preexisting circumstellar material suggests the presence of a similar to1.7x10(15) cm gap or trough between the progenitor system and the surrounding circumstellar material. This gap could be due to significantly lower mass loss similar to15(v(w)/10 km s(-1))(-1) yr prior to explosion or evacuation of the circumstellar material by a low-density fast wind. The latter is consistent with observed properties of protoplanetary nebulae and with models of white dwarf+asymptotic giant branch star progenitor systems with the asymptotic giant branch star in the protoplanetary nebula phase. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wood-Vasey, WM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wmwood-vasey@lbl.gov NR 39 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 616 IS 1 BP 339 EP 345 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 872HY UT WOS:000225199500028 ER PT J AU Beuther, H Zhang, Q Greenhill, LJ Reid, MJ Wilner, D Keto, E Marrone, D Ho, PTP Moran, JM Rao, R Shinnaga, H Liu, SY AF Beuther, H Zhang, Q Greenhill, LJ Reid, MJ Wilner, D Keto, E Marrone, D Ho, PTP Moran, JM Rao, R Shinnaga, H Liu, SY TI Subarcsecond submillimeter continuum observations of Orion KL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM : individual (Orion Kleinmann-Low); stars : early-type; stars : formation; submillimeter; techniques : interferometric ID STAR-FORMATION; BN/KL REGION; HII-REGIONS; LINE SURVEY; RESOLUTION; EMISSION; IMAGES; NEBULA; OMC-1; CLOUD AB We present the first 865 mm continuum image with subarcsecond resolution obtained with the Submillimeter Array. These data resolve the Orion KL region into the hot core, the nearby radio source I, the submillimeter counterpart to the infrared source n (radio source L), and new submillimeter continuum sources. The radio to submillimeter emission from source I can be modeled as either the result of proton-electron free-free emission that is optically thick to similar to100 GHz plus dust emission that accounts for the majority of the submillimeter flux, or H- free-free emission that gives rise to a power-law spectrum with a power-law index of similar to1.6. The latter model would indicate similar physical conditions as found in the inner circumstellar environment of Mira variable stars. Future subarcsecond resolution observations at shorter submillimeter wavelengths should easily discriminate between these two possibilities. The submillimeter continuum emission toward source n can be interpreted in the framework of emission from an accretion disk. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. SLAC, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. RP Beuther, H (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hbeuther@cfa.harvard.edu OI Hunter, Todd/0000-0001-6492-0090; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 616 IS 1 BP L23 EP L26 DI 10.1086/383570 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 872IB UT WOS:000225199800006 ER PT J AU Kim, TK Zuo, XB Tiede, DM Ihee, H AF Kim, TK Zuo, XB Tiede, DM Ihee, H TI Exploring fine structures of photoactive yellow protein in solution using wide-angle X-ray scattering SO BULLETIN OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE wide-angle X-ray scattering; photoactive yellow protein; time-resolved; biological macromolecule; 3-dimensional structure ID ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRA-HALOPHILA; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; PHOTOCYCLE INTERMEDIATE; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; DIFFRACTION; CHROMOPHORE; DYNAMICS; ACID; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB We demonstrate that wide-angle X-ray scattering pattern from photoactive yellow protein (PYP) in solution using a high flux third generation synchrotron X-ray source reflects not only the overall structure, but also fine structures of the protein. X-ray scattering data from PYP in solution have been collected in q ranges from 0.02 Angstrom(-1) to 2.8 Angstrom(-1). These data are sensitive to the protein structure and consistent with the calculation based on known crystallographic atomic coordinates. Theoretical scattering patterns were also calculated for the intermediates during the photocycle of PYP to estimate the feasibility of time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments on such proteins. These results demonstrate the possibility of using the wide-angle solution X-ray scattering as a quantitative monitor of photo-induced structural changes in PYP. C1 Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Mol Sci BK21, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ihee, H (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM Hyotcherl.Ihee@kaist.ac.kr RI Zuo, Xiaobing/F-1469-2010; Ihee, Hyotcherl/C-1614-2011; KIM, TAE KYU/A-8737-2016 OI KIM, TAE KYU/0000-0002-9578-5722 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU KOREAN CHEMICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0253-2964 J9 B KOR CHEM SOC JI Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1676 EP 1680 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 877PO UT WOS:000225582700024 ER PT J AU McCorquodale, P Colella, P Grote, DP Vay, JL AF McCorquodale, P Colella, P Grote, DP Vay, JL TI A node-centered local refinement algorithm for Poisson's equation in complex geometries SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE finite difference methods; Poisson equation; adaptive mesh refinement; Cartesian grid methods; multigrid methods; Shortley-Weller ID IRREGULAR DOMAINS AB This paper presents a method for solving Poisson's equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions on an irregular bounded three-dimensional region. The method uses a nodal-point discretization and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) on Cartesian grids, and the AMR multigrid solver of Almgren. The discrete Laplacian operator at internal boundaries comes from either linear or quadratic (Shortley-Weller) extrapolation, and the two methods are compared. It is shown that either way, solution error is second order in the mesh spacing. Error in the gradient of the solution is first order with linear extrapolation, but second order with Shortley-Weller. Examples are given with comparison with the exact solution. The method is also applied to a heavy-ion fusion accelerator problem, showing the advantage of adaptivity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCorquodale, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, MS 50A-1148,1 Cycoltron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pwmccorquodale@lbl.gov NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 201 IS 1 BP 34 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.04.022 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 871OG UT WOS:000225142400003 ER PT J AU Tan, Q Chameides, WL Streets, D Wang, T Xu, J Bergin, M Woo, J AF Tan, Q Chameides, WL Streets, D Wang, T Xu, J Bergin, M Woo, J TI An evaluation of TRACE-P emission inventories from China using a regional model and chemical measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic emissions; East Asia; regional modeling ID SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; DRY DEPOSITION PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-MONOXIDE; REACTIVE OXIDIZED NITROGEN; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; EAST-ASIA; ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; SURFACE RESISTANCES AB We evaluate the TRACE-P emission inventories for gaseous and particulate pollutants from East Asia using chemical measurements made at a rural site in China during the China-MAP Field Intensive in conjunction with a coupled regional climate/chemical transport modeling system. Time-dependent, three-dimensional fields for trace gas and particulate matter concentrations over East Asia are simulated by an updated version of the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) driven by the TRACE-P emission inventories along with meteorology fields calculated by the NCAR Regional Climate Model (RegCM) for the month of November 1999. Model-calculated SO2 is in good agreement with measurements, while CO and particulate carbon ( PC) are significantly smaller, and particulate sulfate (SO42-) is somewhat smaller. Our calculations suggest that increases in the TRACE-P emission inventory of CO by similar to50% and PC by 60-90% would bring the model-calculated CO, PC, and particulate sulfate concentration into agreement with the China-MAP observations. If these increases were spread uniformly throughout China and the year, it would require that there be additional emissions in China of CO and PC of 60 Tg yr(-1) and 2.5-4 Tg yr(-1), respectively. Further analysis of high resolution gas species measurements suggests that the missing CO emissions are likely to be associated with SO2 emissions from coal burning. This in turn suggests that coal-burning facilities in China are operating at significantly lower efficiencies than currently assumed. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. NE States Coordinated Air Use Management, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Tan, Q (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM tan@eas.gatech.edu RI WANG, Tao/B-9919-2014; OI WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377; Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 71 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D22 AR D22305 DI 10.1029/2004JD005071 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 875DQ UT WOS:000225400400002 ER PT J AU Perl, ML Lee, ER Loomba, D AF Perl, ML Lee, ER Loomba, D TI A brief review of the search for isolatable fractional charge elementary particles SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Review DE fractional electric charge; quarks ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; LEVITATED NIOBIUM SPHERES; ELECTRIC CHARGE; MILLICHARGED PARTICLES; PROJECTILE FRAGMENTS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; MATTER; ANNIHILATIONS; SAMPLES; QUARKS AB Since the initial measurements of the electron charge a century ago, experimenters have faced the persistent question as to whether elementary particles exist that have charges that are fractional multiples of the electron charge. In the standard model of particle physics the quarks are such particles, but it is assumed that quarks cannot be individually isolated, the quarks always being confined inside hadrons. This paper is a brief review of the present status of searches for isolatable fractional charge particles such as a lepton-like particle with fractional charge or an unconfined quark. There have been a very large number of searches but there is no confirmed evidence for existence of isolatable fractional charge particles. It may be that they do not exist, but it is also possible that they are very massive or that their production mechanisms are very small so that they have been missed by existing searches. Therefore the aim of this review is to urge (a) the invention of ways to substantially increase the range of known search methods and (b) to urge the invention of new search methods for isolatable fractional charge particles. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Perl, ML (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM martin@slac.stanford.edu NR 67 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 19 IS 35 BP 2595 EP 2610 DI 10.1142/S0217732304016019 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 870BP UT WOS:000225029300001 ER PT J AU Vukmirovic, MB Sabatini, RL Adzic, RR AF Vukmirovic, MB Sabatini, RL Adzic, RR TI Growth of RuO2 by electrochemical and gas-phase oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electrochemical methods; scanning tunneling microscopy; growth; nucleation; oxidation; ruthenium; single crystal surfaces ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; RUTHENIUM; OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; CO AB Rectangular monolayer stripes of RuO2(110) obtained in a simple gas-phase oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface in argon (Ar) containing 115 ppm of O-2 were compared with the electrochemical oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface in sulfuric acid at high positive potentials. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) showed that the electrochemical oxidation of the Ru(0001) surface starts at step edges, and proceeds through the formation of randomly distributed RuO2 islands. The nucleation process is instantaneous, as verified by potential step experiments. The oxidation of Ru(0001) in a mixture of O-2 (115 ppm) and Ar produces a layer of ordered RuO2(110) oxide in the form of rectangular stripes of monolayer height. The growth of these stripes, globally initiated at the step's edges, is unidirectional, forming a 60degrees angle to the steps' direction. The entirely different morphologies of RuO2 grown in electrochemical- and gas-phase oxidation environments probably reflect the difference in the reaction temperature of two processes. In the latter, the elevated temperatures (600-800 K) appear to confer mobility on the reaction species that facilitates ordering of the oxide layer. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vukmirovic, MB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM miomir@bnl.gov NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 572 IS 2-3 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 875NA UT WOS:000225425900015 ER PT J AU Jacobsohn, LG Schulze, RK da Costa, MEHM Nastasi, M AF Jacobsohn, LG Schulze, RK da Costa, MEHM Nastasi, M TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of boron carbide films deposited by sputtering SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; sputter deposition; boron; carbon ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; COATINGS; ATOMS AB The interpretation of the surface chemical states of amorphous boron carbide films as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is investigated in this work. Films were deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering and characterized by XPS employing sputter-cleaning and angle-resolved detection. Our results indicate that the intrinsic chemical states of boron carbide occur at similar to282.8 and similar to188.6. eV in the C-1s and B-1s lines, respectively, and that all other observed states are related to contamination due to exposure to ambient conditions. Structural modifications known to occur due to post-deposition annealing could not be observed by XPS, pointing to limitations of this technique. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22453970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Jacobsohn, LG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8 G755,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lgjacob@lanl.gov OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 27 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 572 IS 2-3 BP 418 EP 424 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.020 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 875NA UT WOS:000225425900032 ER PT J AU Abou Hamad, I Rikvold, PA Brown, G AF Abou Hamad, I Rikvold, PA Brown, G TI Determination of the basic timescale in kinetic Monte Carlo simulations by comparison with cyclic-voltammetry experiments SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo simulations; non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; adsorption kinetics; surface diffusion; bromine; silver; low index single crystal surfaces; solid-liquid interfaces ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; ELECTROSORPTION VALENCY; TEMPERATURE NUCLEATION; HALIDE ADSORPTION; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; AG(100); DYNAMICS; BR; DEPENDENCE; BROMIDE AB While kinetic Monte Carlo simulations can provide long-time simulations of the dynamics of physical and chemical systems, it is not yet possible in general to identify the inverse Monte Carlo attempt frequency with a physical timescale in any but the simplest systems. Here we demonstrate such an identification by comparing simulations with experimental data. Using a dynamic lattice-gas model for the electrosorption of Br on Ag(100), we measure the scan-rate dependence of the separation between positive- and negative-going peaks in cyclic voltammetry and compare simulated and experimental peak separations. By adjusting the Monte Carlo attempt frequency, good agreement between simulated and experimental peak separations is achieved. It is also found that the uniqueness of the determination depends on the relative values of the adsorption/desorption and diffusion free-energy barriers. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Florida State Univ, Ctr Mat Res & Technol, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Abou Hamad, I (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Ctr Mat Res & Technol, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM hamad@csit.fsu.edu; rikvoid@csit.fsu.edu RI Brown, Gregory/F-7274-2016 OI Brown, Gregory/0000-0002-7524-8962 NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD NOV 20 PY 2004 VL 572 IS 2-3 BP L355 EP L361 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.026 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 875NA UT WOS:000225425900003 ER PT J AU Ramelot, TA Cort, JR Goldsmith-Fischman, S Kornhaber, GJ Xiao, R Shastry, R Acton, TB Honig, B Montelione, GT Kennedy, MA AF Ramelot, TA Cort, JR Goldsmith-Fischman, S Kornhaber, GJ Xiao, R Shastry, R Acton, TB Honig, B Montelione, GT Kennedy, MA TI Solution NMR structure of the iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein U (IscU) with zinc bound at the active site SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IscU; NMR structure; Zn-binding; iron-sulfur clusters; zinc ID FE-S CLUSTER; SECONDARY STRUCTURE PREDICTION; CYSTEINE DESULFURASE ACTIVITY; THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA ISCU; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PHYLOGENETIC INFORMATION; RESONANCE ASSIGNMENTS AB IscU is a highly conserved protein that serves as the scaffold for IscS-mediated assembly of iron-sulfur ([Fe-S]) clusters. We report the NMR solution structure of monomeric Haemophilus influenzae IscU with zinc bound at the [Fe-S] cluster assembly site. The compact core of the globular structure has an alpha-beta sandwich architecture with a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and four a-helices. A nascent helix is located N-terminal to the core structure. The zinc is ligated by three cysteine residues and one histidine residue that are located in and near conformationally dynamic loops at one end of the IscU structure. Removal of the zinc metal by chelation results in widespread loss of structure in the apo form. The zinc-bound IscU may be a good model for iron-loaded IscU and may demonstrate structural features found in the [Fe-S] cluster bound form. Structural and functional similarities, genomic context in operons containing other homologous genes, and distributions of conserved surface residues support the hypothesis that IscU protein domains are homologous (i.e. derived from a common ancestor) with the SufE/YgdK family of [Fe-S] cluster assembly proteins. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma_kennedy@pnl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50-GM62413] NR 78 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 344 IS 2 BP 567 EP 583 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.08.038 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 871IF UT WOS:000225123400022 PM 15522305 ER PT J AU Akerib, DS Alvaro-Dean, J Armel-Funkhouser, MS Attisha, MJ Baudis, L Bauer, DA Beaty, J Brink, PL Bunker, R Burke, SP Cabrera, B Caldwell, DO Callahan, D Castle, JP Chang, CL Choate, R Crisler, MB Cushman, P Dixon, R Dragowsky, MR Driscoll, DD Duong, L Emes, J Ferril, R Filippini, J Gaitskell, RJ Haldeman, M Hale, D Holmgren, D Huber, ME Johnson, B Johnson, W Kamat, S Kozlovsky, M Kula, L Kyre, S Lambin, B Lu, A Mahapatra, R Manalaysay, AG Mandic, V May, J McDonald, R Merkel, B Meunier, P Mirabolfathi, N Morrison, S Nelson, H Nelson, R Novak, L Ogburn, RW Orr, S Perera, TA Isaac, MCP Ramberg, E Rau, W Reisetter, A Ross, RR Saab, T Sadoulet, B Sander, J Savage, C Schmitt, RL Schnee, RW Seitz, DN Serfass, B Smith, A Smith, G Spadafora, AL Sundqvist, K Thompson, JPF Tomada, A Wang, G Williams, J Yellin, S Young, BA AF Akerib, DS Alvaro-Dean, J Armel-Funkhouser, MS Attisha, MJ Baudis, L Bauer, DA Beaty, J Brink, PL Bunker, R Burke, SP Cabrera, B Caldwell, DO Callahan, D Castle, JP Chang, CL Choate, R Crisler, MB Cushman, P Dixon, R Dragowsky, MR Driscoll, DD Duong, L Emes, J Ferril, R Filippini, J Gaitskell, RJ Haldeman, M Hale, D Holmgren, D Huber, ME Johnson, B Johnson, W Kamat, S Kozlovsky, M Kula, L Kyre, S Lambin, B Lu, A Mahapatra, R Manalaysay, AG Mandic, V May, J McDonald, R Merkel, B Meunier, P Mirabolfathi, N Morrison, S Nelson, H Nelson, R Novak, L Ogburn, RW Orr, S Perera, TA Isaac, MCP Ramberg, E Rau, W Reisetter, A Ross, RR Saab, T Sadoulet, B Sander, J Savage, C Schmitt, RL Schnee, RW Seitz, DN Serfass, B Smith, A Smith, G Spadafora, AL Sundqvist, K Thompson, JPF Tomada, A Wang, G Williams, J Yellin, S Young, BA CA CDMS Collaboration TI First results from the cryogenic dark matter search in the Soudan Underground Laboratory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEAD-LAYER; DETECTORS AB We report the first results from a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Four Ge and two Si detectors were operated for 52.6 live days, providing 19.4 kg d of Ge net exposure after cuts for recoil energies between 10 and 100 keV. A blind analysis was performed using only calibration data to define the energy threshold and selection criteria for nuclear-recoil candidates. Using the standard dark-matter halo and nuclear-physics WIMP model, these data set the world's lowest exclusion limits on the coherent WIMP-nucleon scalar cross section for all WIMP masses above 15 GeV/c(2), ruling out a significant range of neutralino supersymmetric models. The minimum of this limit curve at the 90% C.L. is 4x10(-43) cm(2) at a WIMP mass of 60 GeV/c(2). C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Denver, CO 80217 USA. Santa Clara Univ, Dept Phys, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. RP Akerib, DS (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RI Huber, Martin/B-3354-2011 NR 26 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 21 AR 211301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.211301 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PU UT WOS:000225220500008 PM 15600991 ER PT J AU Antonangeli, D Krisch, M Fiquet, G Farber, DL Aracne, CM Badro, J Occelli, F Requardt, H AF Antonangeli, D Krisch, M Fiquet, G Farber, DL Aracne, CM Badro, J Occelli, F Requardt, H TI Elasticity of cobalt at high pressure studied by inelastic X-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EARTHS INNER-CORE; ANISOTROPY; IRON; GPA; TRANSITION AB The five independent elastic moduli of single-crystalline hcp cobalt were determined by inelastic x-ray scattering to 39 GPa and compared to ultrasonic measurements and first principles calculations. In general the agreement is good, in particular, for the evolution of the longitudinal sound velocity in the a-c plane. This confirms the calculations, suggesting that a similar evolution is valid for hcp iron, the main constituent of the Earth's inner core, up to the highest investigated pressure. Our results represent an important benchmark to further refine ab initio calculations. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS,UMR 7590, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Lab Mineral & Cristallog, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Antonangeli, D (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RI Farber, Daniel/F-9237-2011; Fiquet, Guillaume/H-1219-2011; Fiquet, Guillaume/M-6934-2014; Badro, James/A-6003-2011 NR 22 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 21 AR 215505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.215505 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PU UT WOS:000225220500046 PM 15601029 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Trugman, SA AF Batista, CD Trugman, SA TI Exact ground states of a frustrated 2D magnet: Deconfined fractional excitations at a first-order quantum phase transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG-MODEL; LUTTINGER-LIQUID; HUBBARD-MODEL; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; SYSTEMS; WAVE AB We introduce a frustrated spin 1/2 Hamiltonian which is an extension of the two dimensional J(1)-J(2) Heisenberg model. The ground states of this model are exactly obtained at a first-order quantum phase transition between two valence bond crystals. At this point, the low energy excitations are deconfined spinons and spin-charge separation occurs under doping in the limit of low concentration of holes. In addition, this point is characterized by the proliferation of topological defects. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Batista, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 21 AR 217202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.217202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PU UT WOS:000225220500074 PM 15601057 ER PT J AU Blaha, P Singh, DJ Schwarz, K AF Blaha, P Singh, DJ Schwarz, K TI Geometric frustration, electronic instabilities, and charge singlets in Y2Nb2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STONER PARAMETER; MOTT TRANSITION; HUBBARD MODELS; LIV2O4; INSULATOR; OXIDE AB Pyrochlore Y2Nb2O7 is studied with density functional calculations. In the ideal pyrochlore structure, no magnetism is found, consistent with experiments, but the band structure is metallic. The phonon dispersions show unstable modes corresponding to charge instabilities. These frustrated instabilities lead to a metal-insulator transition with the formation of "charge singlets". Partial substitution of Ti for Nb results in moment formation due to the occurrence of Ti3+. C1 Tech Univ Vienna, Inst Mat Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Blaha, P (reprint author), Tech Univ Vienna, Inst Mat Chem, Getreidemarkt 9-165 TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. RI Blaha, Peter/F-2847-2010; Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 21 AR 216403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.216403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PU UT WOS:000225220500055 PM 15601038 ER PT J AU Dalpian, GM Wei, SH AF Dalpian, GM Wei, SH TI Hole-mediated stabilization of cubic GaN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; ZINCBLENDE; SUPERLATTICES; ACCEPTOR AB We propose here a new approach to stabilize the cubic zinc-blende (ZB) phase by incorporation of impurities into a compound that has a hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) ground state. For GaN, we suggest that this can be achieved by adding 3d acceptors such as Zn, Mn, or Cu because the p-d repulsion between the 3d impurity levels and the valence band maximum is larger in the ZB phase than in the WZ phase. This makes the top of the valence states of the ZB structure higher than that of the WZ structure. As holes are created at the top of the valence states by the impurities, it will cost less energy for the holes to be created in the ZB structure, thus stabilizing this phase. Our first-principles total energy calculations confirm this novel idea. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dalpian, GM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Dalpian, Gustavo/B-9746-2008 OI Dalpian, Gustavo/0000-0001-5561-354X NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 21 AR 216401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.216401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PU UT WOS:000225220500053 PM 15601036 ER PT J AU Deur, A Bosted, P Burkert, V Cates, G Chen, JP Choi, S Crabb, D de Jager, CW Vita, RD Dodge, GE Fatemi, R Forest, TA Garibaldi, F Gilman, R Hughes, EW Jiang, X Korsch, W Kuhn, SE Melnitchouk, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Skabelin, AV Slifer, K Taiuti, M Yun, J AF Deur, A Bosted, P Burkert, V Cates, G Chen, JP Choi, S Crabb, D de Jager, CW Vita, RD Dodge, GE Fatemi, R Forest, TA Garibaldi, F Gilman, R Hughes, EW Jiang, X Korsch, W Kuhn, SE Melnitchouk, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Skabelin, AV Slifer, K Taiuti, M Yun, J TI Experimental determination of the evolution of the Bjorken integral at low Q(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEP INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SPIN STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; SUM-RULE; POWER CORRECTIONS; MAGNETIC MOMENTS; RESONANCE REGION; NUCLEON; NEUTRON; PROTON; Q(2)-DEPENDENCE AB We extract the Bjorken integral Gamma(1)(p-n) in the range 0.17 0.1), the radial force was negative regardless of the particle size and refractive index. For weakly absorbing particles (k(2) < 0.1), the direction of the force depended on both the particle size and the extinction coefficient. The calculated results for k(2) = 0.005 showed that the radial force switched from the positive direction to negative direction as the particle size increased. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Phuoc, TX (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940,MS 84-340, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM tran@netl.doe.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD NOV 16 PY 2004 VL 241 IS 4-6 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.07.064 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 868TF UT WOS:000224935200006 ER PT J AU Vali, H Weiss, B Li, YL Sears, SK Kim, SS Kirschvink, JL Zhang, L AF Vali, H Weiss, B Li, YL Sears, SK Kim, SS Kirschvink, JL Zhang, L TI Formation of tabular single-domain magnetite induced by Geobacter metallireducens GS-15 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BIOGENIC MAGNETITE; THERMOPHILIC BACTERIUM; VERWEY TRANSITION; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; IRON; BIOMINERALIZATION; REDUCTION; SEDIMENTS; MINERALIZATION; MAGNETOFOSSILS AB Distinct morphological characteristics of magnetite formed intracellularly by magnetic bacteria (magnetosome) are invoked as compelling evidence for biological activity on Earth and possibly on Mars. Crystals of magnetite produced extracellularly by a variety of bacteria including Geobacter metallireducens GS-15, thermophilic bacteria, and psychrotolerant bacteria are, however, traditionally not thought to have nearly as distinct morphologies. The size and shape of extracellular magnetite depend on the culture conditions and type of bacteria. Under typical CO2-rich culture conditions, GS-15 is known to produce superparamagnetic magnetite (crystal diameters of approximately <30 nm). In the current study, we were able to produce a unique form of tabular, single-domain magnetite under nontraditional (low-CO2) culture conditions. This magnetite has a distinct crystal habit and magnetic properties. This magnetite could be used as a biosignature to recognize ancient biological activities in terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments and also may be a major carrier of the magnetization in natural sediments. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada. McGill Univ, Facil Electron Microscopy Res, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Vali, H (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, 3640 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada. EM vali@eps.mcgill.ca RI Li, Yiliang/E-9916-2010; Sears, Stephen Kelly/F-3522-2012; Vali, Hojatollah/F-3511-2012 OI Vali, Hojatollah/0000-0003-3464-9943 NR 40 TC 53 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 16 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 16 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 46 BP 16121 EP 16126 DI 10.1073/pnas.0404040101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 872RO UT WOS:000225226200009 PM 15525704 ER PT J AU Kim, S Chin, K Gray, JW Bishop, JM AF Kim, S Chin, K Gray, JW Bishop, JM TI A screen for genes that suppress loss of contact inhibition: Identification of ING4 as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in human cancer SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mycn; proliferation; cell transformation; mutation; breast cancer ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; CELL-PROLIFERATION; PROSTATE-CANCER; FREQUENT LOSS; PHD-FINGER; EXPRESSION; HETEROZYGOSITY; GROWTH; CHILDHOOD AB We have devised a screen for genes that suppress the loss of contact inhibition elicited by overexpression of the protooncogene MYCN. The initial application of this screen detected nine distinctive suppressors within a representative human cDNA library. One of these genes was ING4, a potential tumor suppressor gene that maps to human chromosome 12p13. Ectopic expression of ING4 suppressed the loss of contact inhibition elicited by either MYCN or MYC but had no direct effect on cellular proliferation. Pursuing the possibility that ING4 might be a tumor suppressor gene, we found inactivating mutations in ING4 transcripts from various human cancer cell lines. In addition, we used comparative genomic hybridization to detect deletion of the ING4 locus in 10-20% of human breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors. Ectopic expression of ING4 attenuated the growth of T47D human breast cancer cells in soft agar. We conclude that ING4 is a strong candidate as a tumor suppressor gene. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, George Williams Hooper Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, George Williams Hooper Fdn, Box 0552 HSW1536,513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM suwon@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA44338, P50 CA058207, P50 CA58207] NR 30 TC 103 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 16 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 46 BP 16251 EP 16256 DI 10.1073/pnas.0407158101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 872RO UT WOS:000225226200031 PM 15528276 ER PT J AU Mariappan, SVS Cheng, X van Breemen, RB Silks, LA Gupta, G AF Mariappan, SVS Cheng, X van Breemen, RB Silks, LA Gupta, G TI Analysis of GAA/TTC DNA triplexes using nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Conference of the International-Society-for-Environment-Epidemiology CY SEP 23-26, 2003 CL PERTH, AUSTRALIA SP Int Soc Environm Epidemiol, CommonWealth Dept Hlth & Aged Care, US EPA DE Friedreich's ataxia; GAA/TTC; DNA triplexes; NMR; ESI-MS; FRDA; destabilization; minor groove binders; intercalators ID FRIEDREICHS-ATAXIA; NONCOVALENT COMPLEXES; REPEAT EXPANSION; HELIX FORMATION; BINDING DRUGS; GAA; TRANSCRIPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ELONGATION; HAIRPINS AB The formation of a GAA/TTC DNA triplex has been implicated in Friedreich's ataxia. The destabilization of GAA/TTC DNA triplexes either by pH or by binding to appropriate ligands was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and positive-ion electrospray mass spectrometry. The triplexes and duplexes were identified by changes in the NMR chemical shifts of H8, H1, H4, (15)N7, and (15)N4. The lowest pH at which the duplex is detectable depends upon the overall stability and the relative number of Hoogsteen C(o)G to T(o)A basepairs. A melting pH (pH(m)) of 7.6 was observed for the destabilization of the (GAA)(2)T-4(TTC)(2)T-4(CTT)(2) triplex to the corresponding Watson-Crick duplex and the T-4(CTT)(2) overhang. The mass spectrometric analyses of (TTC)(6).(GAA)(6degrees)(TTC)(6) triplex detected ions due to both triplex and single-stranded oligonucleotides under acidic conditions. The triplex ions disappeared completely at alkaline pH. Duplex and single strands were detectable only at neutral and alkaline pH values. Mass spectrometric analyses also showed that minor groove-binding ligands berenil, netropsin, and distamycin and the intercalating ligand acridine orange destabilize the (TTC)(6).(GAA)(6degrees)(TTC)(6) triplex. These NMR and mass spectrometric methods may function as screening assays for the discovery of agents that destabilize GAA/TTC triplexes and as general methods for the characterization of structure, dynamics, and stability of DNA and DNA-ligand complexes. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Isotope Resource, Biosci Div, Grp B3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, McClintock Resource, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mariappan, SVS (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, 181 Chem Bldg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM santhana-velupillai@uiowa.edu FU NCCIH NIH HHS [P50 AT00155] NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 334 IS 2 BP 216 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2004.07.036 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 866ZK UT WOS:000224811700002 PM 15494127 ER PT J AU Banasiewicz, M Nelson, G Swank, A Grubor, N Ross, J Nesnow, S Kofeler, H Small, GJ Jankowiak, R AF Banasiewicz, M Nelson, G Swank, A Grubor, N Ross, J Nesnow, S Kofeler, H Small, GJ Jankowiak, R TI Identification and quantitation of benzo[a]pyrene-derived DNA adducts formed at low adduction level in mice lung tissue SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE benzo[a]pyrene; benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide; fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy; DNA adducts ID DIASTEREOMERIC BENZOPYRENE 7,8-DIOL-9,10-EPOXIDES; AROMATIC HYDROCARBON CARCINOGENESIS; POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; RAS ONCOGENE MUTATIONS; DIOL-EPOXIDE; OPTICAL ENANTIOMERS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; MARKED DIFFERENCES AB The two major metabolic pathways of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) that lead to DNA lesions are monooxygenation that results in diolepoxides (BPDE) and one-electron oxidation that yields a BP radical cation. These pathways result in formation of stable and depurinating DNA adducts, respectively. Most in vivo animal studies with BP, however, have employed dosage/DNA adduct levels several orders of magnitude higher than the DNA damage level expected from environmentally relevant exposures. Presented are results of experiments in which A/J strain mice were intraperitoneally exposed to 50-mug/g doses of BP. It is shown that non-line-narrowed fluorescence and fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopies possess the selectivity and sensitivity to distinguish between helix-external, base-stacked, and intercalated conformations of DNA-BPDE adducts formed in lung tissue. Concentrations measured by P-32 post- labeling 2 and 3 days after intraperitoneal injection were 420-430 and 600-830 amol BPDE-type adducts per mug DNA. The external and base-stacked conformations are attributed mainly to (+)-trans-anti-BPDE-N(2)dG and the intercalated conformations to (+)-cis-anti adducts. A stable adduct derived from 9-OH-BP-4,5-epoxide was also detected at a concentration about a factor of 10 lower than the above concentrations. The DNA supernatants were analyzed for the presence of depurinating BP-derived adducts by capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Jankowiak, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jankowiak@ameslab.gov RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010 OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548 FU NCI NIH HHS [2PO1 CA49210-12] NR 62 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 334 IS 2 BP 390 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2004.08.006 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 866ZK UT WOS:000224811700022 PM 15494147 ER PT J AU Keener, WK Watwood, ME AF Keener, WK Watwood, ME TI Chloride analysis using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine and chloroperoxidase SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CATALYZED REACTIONS; OXIDATION; ENZYME C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Keener, WK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM keenwk@inel.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 334 IS 2 BP 406 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2004.08.027 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 866ZK UT WOS:000224811700025 PM 15494150 ER PT J AU Ji, Q Ji, L Chen, Y Leung, KN AF Ji, Q Ji, L Chen, Y Leung, KN TI Combined electron- and ion-beam imprinter and its applications SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRIGHTNESS AB A combined electron- and ion-beam system employing a double-chamber plasma source and a single accelerator column has been developed to provide focused electron and positive-ion beams simultaneously, with no need for a separate electron source or accelerating column for sample neutralization. The self-aligned ion and electron beams can be used to micromachine and image a variety of materials, both conducting and insulating. Together with an ion-beam imprinting scheme, the combined electron/ion beam system is compact and provides low-cost, high-throughput, and large-area micromachining. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Harvard Univ, Ctr Imaging & Mesoscale Struct, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ji, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qji@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 20 BP 4618 EP 4620 DI 10.1063/1.1812367 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871WD UT WOS:000225166400020 ER PT J AU Choo, H Seo, D Beddoes, J Bourke, MAM Brown, DW AF Choo, H Seo, D Beddoes, J Bourke, MAM Brown, DW TI In situ neutron diffraction studies on the elevated-temperature deformation behavior of a TiAl-W alloy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The evolution of elastic lattice strain in a Ti-48Al-2W (at.%) alloy, subjected to (1) quasistatic tensile loading and (2) constant-load tensile creep, was investigated at 1033 K using in situ neutron diffraction. During the quasistatic test to a maximum stress of 435 MPa, a- and c-axes lattice strains increased linearly with a small degree of anisotropy ((E) over bar (a)/(E) over bar (c)congruent to0.9) up to 200 MPa, followed by a significant redistribution of load above 260 MPa due to the plastic anisotropy. Time-resolved in situ measurements were also performed during the creep at 276 and 327 MPa. The results show that lattice strain evolution during the primary creep is qualitatively similar to the quasistatic case under the current test conditions. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Aerosp Res, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Choo, H (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hchoo@utk.edu RI Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009 OI Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907 NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 20 BP 4654 EP 4656 DI 10.1063/1.1823043 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871WD UT WOS:000225166400032 ER PT J AU Kang, BS Lee, JS Stan, L Lee, JK DePaula, RF Arendt, PN Nastasi, M Jia, QX AF Kang, BS Lee, JS Stan, L Lee, JK DePaula, RF Arendt, PN Nastasi, M Jia, QX TI Dielectric properties of epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films on SiO2/Si using biaxially oriented ion-beam-assisted-deposited MgO as templates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED-ZIRCONIA; THIN-FILMS; LAYERS AB We have epitaxially deposited Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films on SiO2/Si substrates using pulsed laser deposition by introducing biaxially oriented ion-beam-assisted-deposited MgO as templates. The structural properties of the BST films were strongly affected by the crystallinity of the templates. The dielectric loss of the BST film was found to decrease as its in-plane texture alignment was improved. As a result, a relatively larger figure of merit K value, defined as tunability/loss, was obtained for the films with better in-plane crystallinity. The K factor ranged between 7.5 and 3.5 when the in-plane alignment of the MgO templates was varied from 5.0degrees to 10.5degrees. This work demonstrates that the crystalline quality of the template layers plays a critical role in monolithic integration of BST with SiO2/Si for frequency agile devices. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kang, BS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bskang@lanl.gov; qxjia@lanl.gov RI Lee, Jang-Sik/A-6629-2008; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 OI Lee, Jang-Sik/0000-0002-1096-1783; NR 17 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 20 BP 4702 EP 4704 DI 10.1063/1.1812573 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871WD UT WOS:000225166400048 ER PT J AU Pekas, N Porter, MD Tondra, M Popple, A Jander, A AF Pekas, N Porter, MD Tondra, M Popple, A Jander, A TI Giant magnetoresistance monitoring of magnetic picodroplets in an integrated microfluidic system SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SENSORS; DESIGN AB This letter describes the integration of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors with a microfluidic system for the velocity and size monitoring, and enumeration of flowing magnetic entities. We have fabricated a microdevice that enables: (1) controlled formation of picoliter-sized droplets of a ferrofluid separated by a nonmagnetic oil; and (2) continuous-flow sensing of these ferrofluid droplets. It is shown that the flow velocity, droplet size, and droplet-formation frequency can readily be determined from the GMR response. These results are validated by comparisons to fluorescence microscopy data. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Inst Combinatorial Discovery, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Inst Combinatorial Discovery, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NVE Corp, Eden Prairie, MN 55433 USA. RP Porter, MD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Inst Combinatorial Discovery, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov RI Pekas, Nikola/D-7349-2012 NR 14 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 20 BP 4783 EP 4785 DI 10.1063/1.1825059 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871WD UT WOS:000225166400075 ER PT J AU Noy, A AF Noy, A TI Direct determination of the equilibrium unbinding potential profile for a short DNA duplex from force spectroscopy data SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULES; ELASTICITY; PROTEIN AB Modern force microscopy techniques allow researchers to use mechanical forces to probe interactions between biomolecules. However, such measurements often happen in nonequilibrium regime, which precludes straightforward extraction of the equilibrium energy information. Here we use the work-averaging method based on Jarzynski equality to reconstruct the equilibrium interaction potential from the unbinding of a complementary 14-mer DNA duplex from the results of nonequilibrium single-molecule measurements. The reconstructed potential reproduces most of the features of the DNA stretching transition, previously observed only in equilibrium stretching of long DNA sequences. We also compare the reconstructed potential with the thermodynamic parameters of DNA duplex unbinding and show that the reconstruction accurately predicts duplex melting enthalpy. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanosci Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Noy, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanosci Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, L-234,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM noy1@llnl.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 20 BP 4792 EP 4794 DI 10.1063/1.1819982 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871WD UT WOS:000225166400078 ER PT J AU Chu, X Ohmoto, H Cole, DR AF Chu, X Ohmoto, H Cole, DR TI Kinetics of sulfur isotope exchange between aqueous sulfide and thiosulfate involving intra- and intermolecular reactions at hydrothermal conditions SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE isotope exchange; sulfur isotopes; fractionation; kinetics; hydrothermal systems ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; POLYSULFIDE IONS; BLUE SOLUTIONS; ORE-DEPOSITS; SYSTEMS; OXYGEN; WATER; RATES; DISPROPORTIONATION; FRACTIONATIONS AB Sulfur isotope exchange between sulfide (H2S) and thiosulfate (HSSO3H) can be described by the general rate law for a two-compound system (X and AB) with three exchangeable atoms (X, A, and B) proposed by [X. Chu, H. Ohmoto, Kinetics of isotope exchange reactions involving intra- and intermolecular reactions: I. Rate law for a system with two chemical compounds and three exchangeable atoms. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55 1991 1953-1961]. According to the rate law, the isotope exchange reaction is comprised of one overall intramolecular exchange between sulfane (-SH or SH) and sulfonate (-SO3H or SO3H) sulfurs of thiosulfate (i.e., SHdouble left right arrowSO(3)H in thiosulfate) and two overall intermolecular exchanges between sulfide and sulfane sulfur of thiosulfate (i.e., H(2)Sdouble left right arrowSH of thiosulfate) and between sulfide and sulfonate sulfur of thiosulfate (i.e., H(2)Sdouble left right arrowSO(3)H of thiosulfate). The rate constants for the three overall exchange reactions and the equilibrium isotopic fractionation factors among sulfide, sulfane, and sulfonate of thiosulfate were estimated by fitting [F. Uyama, H. Chiba, M. Kusakabe, H. Sakai, Sulfur isotope exchange reaction in the aqueous system: thiosulfatesulfide-sulfate at hydrothermal temperature. Geochem. J. 19 1985 301-315] experimental data on sulfur isotope exchange between aqueous H2S and sodium thiosulfate by the least squares method. At temperatures of 100-170 degreesC, the equilibrium fractionation factors (in per mil) can be expressed as: 10001nalpha(H2S-SH) = -0.32.7 +/- 0.055 (10(12)/T-4) + 2.676 +/- 0.341 (10(6)/T-2) 10001nalpha(SO3H-SH)= -0.352 +/- 0.009(10(12)/T-4) + 7.523 +/- 0.054(10(6)/T-2) and 10001nalpha(SO3H-SH)= -00293 +/- 0.058 (10(12)/T-4) - 4.871 +/- 0.357(10(6)/T-2) (T in K). At near-neutral pH, the overall rate (m(-1) s(-1)) for the sulfur isotope exchange between H2S and -SO3H of thiosulfate is described by logk(SO3Hdouble left right arrowH2S)= -5.14(10(3)/T) + 10.35 (T in K) with an activation energy of 98.3 kJ/mol at 100-170 degreesC. A comparison of the rates of sulfur exchanges among H2S, -SH, and -SO3H of thiosulfate with the rates of polysulfide-thiosulfate formation and disproportion reactions determined by [W.F. Giggenbach, Kinetics of the polysulfide-thiosulfate disproportionation up to 240 degreesC. Inorg. Chem. 13 1974b 1730-1733] suggests that the sulfur isotope exchanges between aqueous sulfide and thiosulfate may proceed via the formation and disproportionation of polysulfides (e.g., S3S2-, S4S2-, etc.): 10H(2)S + 3S(2)O(3)(2-) = 4S(3)S(2-) + 2H(+) + 9H(2)O and SnS2- + SSO32- = Sn+1S2- + SO32-. The disproportionation reaction of polysulfides appears to control the exchange rate between S2- and S6+ atoms in thiosulfate and is considered the rate-determining step in the sulfate-sulfide exchange reaction rather than the intramolecular exchange of thiosulfate proposed by [H. Ohmoto, A.C. Lasaga, Kinetics of reactions between aqueous sulfates and sulfides in hydrothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46 1982 1727-1745]. Therefore, polysulfides may play an important role in the chemical and isotopic reactions between aqueous sulfide and sulfate under hydrothermal conditions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cole, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM coledr@ornl.gov NR 43 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 211 IS 3-4 BP 217 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.013 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 867YY UT WOS:000224880200002 ER PT J AU Chacon, L AF Chacon, L TI A non-staggered, conservative, del center dot(B)over right arrow=0, finite-volume scheme for 3D implicit extended magnetohydrodynamics in curvilinear geometries SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE implicit MHD; Newton-Krylov solvers; finite volumes; non-staggered solenoidal schemes; conservative schemes; curvilinear geometries ID MAGNETO-HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS; SOLVER; SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHM; FLOWS AB In the development of spatial difference schemes for magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the preservation of continuum proper ties such as conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, as well as required electromagnetic constraints (del (.) b = del (.) j = 0, where j = del x B is the electrical current), is desirable to preserve numerical accuracy. Moreover, simplicity of the scheme is also a desirable feature, particularly when an implicit implementation is considered (the focus of this paper). We propose here a finite-volume, cell-centered (non-staggered) scheme for the extended MHD formulation that: (1) is suitable for implicit implementations in arbitrary curvilinear geometries, (2) is conservative, (3) preserves both the magnetic field and the electrical current solenoidal to machine precision, and (4) is linearly and nonlinearly stable in the absence of numerical and physical dissipation. Crucial to the viability of the scheme is the use of a clever interpolation scheme (ZIP [Hirt, J. Comput. Phys. 2 (1968) 339-355]), the proper treatment of boundary conditions in curvilinear geometry, and a novel treatment of geometric source terms in the momentum equation that ensures their exact cancellation in the absence of pressure forces. (C) 2004, Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chacon, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chacon@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 163 IS 3 BP 143 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.08.005 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 872CC UT WOS:000225182500002 ER PT J AU Trehu, AM Torres, ME Long, PE Bohrmann, G Rack, FR Collett, TS Goldberg, DS Milkov, AV Riedel, M Schultheiss, P Bangs, NL Barr, SR Borowski, WS Claypool, GE Delwiche, ME Dickens, GR Gracia, E Guerin, G Holland, M Johnson, JE Lee, YJ Liu, CS Su, X Teichert, B Tomaru, H Vanneste, M Watanabe, M Weinberger, JL AF Trehu, AM Torres, ME Long, PE Bohrmann, G Rack, FR Collett, TS Goldberg, DS Milkov, AV Riedel, M Schultheiss, P Bangs, NL Barr, SR Borowski, WS Claypool, GE Delwiche, ME Dickens, GR Gracia, E Guerin, G Holland, M Johnson, JE Lee, YJ Liu, CS Su, X Teichert, B Tomaru, H Vanneste, M Watanabe, M Weinberger, JL TI Three-dimensional distribution of gas hydrate beneath southern Hydrate Ridge: constraints from ODP Leg 204 (vol 222, pg 845, 2004) SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. JOI, Washington, DC 20036 USA. US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Geol Observ, Borehole Res Grp, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada. GEOTEK, Daventry NN11 5RD, Northants, England. Univ Texas, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX 78759 USA. Univ Leicester, Dept Geol, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. Eastern Kentucky Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Richmond, KY 40475 USA. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX USA. Ctr Mediterrani Invest Marines & Ambientals, Unidad Tecnol Marina, Barcelona 08003, Spain. Arizona State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Resources Res Div, Taejon 305350, South Korea. Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 106, Taiwan. China Univ Geosci, Ctr Marine Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Bremen, Forschungszentrum Ozeanrander, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Geol Survey Japan, Geosci Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058567, Japan. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. RP Trehu, AM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM trehu@coas.oregonstate.edu RI Bangs, Nathan/A-1584-2009; Dickens, Gerald/G-1222-2011; Gracia, Eulalia/E-6153-2013 OI Bangs, Nathan/0000-0002-4377-3463; Gracia, Eulalia/0000-0001-9311-3108 NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 227 IS 3-4 BP 557 EP 558 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.016 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 871IS UT WOS:000225124900029 ER PT J AU van Oijen, M Dreccer, MF Firsching, KH Schnieders, B AF van Oijen, M Dreccer, MF Firsching, KH Schnieders, B TI Simple equations for dynamic models of the effects of CO2 and O-3 on light-use efficiency and growth of crops SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Review DE Triticum aestivum; wheat; detoxification; damage; repair; rubisco; photosynthesis; light intensity; temperature ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS; RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; SPRING WHEAT; ELEVATED CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; AIR-POLLUTANTS; PLANT-RESPONSES; LEAF NITROGEN AB Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and O-3 are increasing, which is expected to affect light-use efficiency (LUE) and yield of crops. We derive a mathematical formula for crop LUE as a function of CO2, temperature, light intensity and the Rubisco content of upper leaves. A corollary formula is derived that expresses the sensitivity of crop growth rate to changes in Rubisco, under various conditions. Both formulas were incorporated in an existing wheat model, together with new equations that represent the effects Of O-3. Five parameters were defined that quantify O-3 relations: (1) the amount of Rubisco damaged per unit O-3, (2, 3) rate and metabolic Costs of O-3 detoxification, (4, 5) rate and costs of repair. For quantification of the damage coefficient and repair rate, equations were developed that can be applied to gas exchange measurements in plants subjected to stepwise increase in ambient ozone concentration. The model was parameterised for spring wheat using literature data. Model simulations were carried out for various time courses of O-3, CO2, temperature, light intensity, to explain reports in the literature on variation in crop response to elevated CO2 and O-3 under different climatic conditions. In spite of model simplicity, simulations explained much of reported variation in crop response to elevated levels of CO2 and O-3. The need and use of additional experimentation is discussed, as is the scope for analysing plant defence strategies in terms of investment in detoxification and repair. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEH Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. Dept Primary Ind Horsham, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. GSF Forschungszentrum, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany. TEAGASC, Agr & Food Dev Author, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. RP van Oijen, M (reprint author), CEH Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. EM mvano@ceh.ac.uk RI Van Oijen, Marcel/K-2746-2012; Dreccer, Maria/F-2150-2010 OI Van Oijen, Marcel/0000-0003-4028-3626; Dreccer, Maria/0000-0003-3528-9580 NR 88 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 179 IS 1 BP 39 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.05.002 PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 848GH UT WOS:000223455100003 ER PT J AU Gustin, MS Ericksen, JA Schorran, DE Johnson, DW Lindberg, SE Coleman, JS AF Gustin, MS Ericksen, JA Schorran, DE Johnson, DW Lindberg, SE Coleman, JS TI Application of controlled mesocosms for understanding mercury air-soil-plant exchange SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; CONTAMINATED SOILS; FOLIAR EXCHANGE; FOREST CANOPY; PEAT SOIL; EMISSION; SORPTION; METHYLMERCURY; DEPOSITION; FLUXES AB Whole system elemental mercury (Hg(0)) flux was measured for similar to1.5 years using two large gas exchange mesocosms containing similar to100 two-year old aspen trees (Populus tremuloides) planted in soil with elevated mercury concentrations (12.3 mug/g). We hypothesized that during leafout, whole mesocosm Hg(0) flux would increase due to movement of Hg(0) in the transpiration stream from the soil to the air. This hypothesis was not supported; plants were found to assimilate Hg(0) from the contaminated air, and whole system Hg(0) emissions were reduced as plants leafed-out due to shading of the soil. Surface disturbance, watering, and increases in soil moisture, light, and temperature were all found to increase whole system Hg(0) flux, with light being a more significant factor. Although surface soils were maintained at 15-20% moisture, daily watering caused pulses of Hg(0) to be released from the soil throughout the experiment. Data developed in this experiment suggested that those processes acting on the soil surface are the primary influence on Hg emissions and that the presence of vegetation, which shields soil surfaces from incident light, reduces Hg emissions from enriched soils. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Gustin, MS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM msg@unr.nevada.edu NR 33 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 8 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 22 BP 6044 EP 6050 DI 10.1021/es0487933 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873IC UT WOS:000225272100031 PM 15573605 ER PT J AU Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Saiz, E Larsen, JT Zheng, ZP Couture, RA AF Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Saiz, E Larsen, JT Zheng, ZP Couture, RA TI Colloid formation at waste plume fronts SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HANFORD SITE; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; MOBILIZATION; TRANSPORT; ALKALINE; SORPTION; CESIUM; CS+; USA AB Highly saline and caustic tank waste solutions containing radionuclides and toxic metals have leaked into sediments at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities such as the Hanford Site (Washington state). Colloid transport is frequently invoked to explain migration of radionuclides and metals in the subsurface. To understand colloid formation during interactions between highly reactive fluids and sediments and its impact on contaminant transport, we simulated tank waste solution (TWS) leakage processes in laboratory columns at ambient and elevated (70 degreesC) temperatures. We found that maximum formation of mobile colloids occurred at the plume fronts (hundreds to thousands times higher than within the plume bodies or during later leaching). Concentrations of suspended solids were as high as 3 mass %, and their particle sizes ranged from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers. Calcium carbonate is always one of the dominant phases of the plume front colloids, while the other phases varied with solution pH and temperature. During infiltration of the leaked high-Na+ waste solution, rapid and completed Na+ replacement of exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the sediment caused accumulation of these divalent cations at the moving plume front. Precipitation of supersaturated Ca2+/Mg2+-bearing minerals caused dramatic pH reduction at the plume front. In turn, the reduced pH caused precipitation of other minerals. This understanding can help predict the behavior of contaminant trace elements carried by the tank waste solutions and could not have been obtained through conventional batch studies. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci & Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Wan, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci & Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jwan@lbl.gov RI Tokunaga, Tetsu/H-2790-2014; Wan, Jiamin/H-6656-2014 OI Tokunaga, Tetsu/0000-0003-0861-6128; NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 22 BP 6066 EP 6073 DI 10.1021/es0492384 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873IC UT WOS:000225272100034 PM 15573608 ER PT J AU Yoon, TH Johnson, SB Musgrave, CB Brown, GE AF Yoon, TH Johnson, SB Musgrave, CB Brown, GE TI Adsorption of organic matter at mineral/water interfaces: I. ATR-FTIR spectroscopic and quantum chemical study of oxalate adsorbed at boehmite/water and corundum/water interfaces SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-ALOOH INTERFACE; BENZENECARBOXYLATE SURFACE COMPLEXATION; GOETHITE (ALPHA-FEOOH)/WATER INTERFACE; ALPHA-AL2O3 0001 SURFACE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; O-PHTHALATE; WATER AB The types and structures of adsorption complexes formed by oxalate at boehmite (gamma-AlOOH)/water and corundum (alpha-Al2O3)/water interfaces were determined using in situ attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulation methods. At pH 5.1, at least four different oxalate species were found at or near the boehmite/water interface for oxalate surface coverages (Gamma(ox)) ranging from 0.25 to 16.44 mumol/m(2). At relatively low coverages (Gamma(ox) < 2.47), strongly adsorbed inner-sphere oxalate species (IR peaks at 1286, 1418, 1700, and 1720 cm(-1)) replace weakly adsorbed carbonate species, and a small proportion of oxalate anions are adsorbed in an outer-sphere mode (IR peaks at 1314 and 1591 cm(-1)). IR peaks indicative of inner-sphere adsorbed oxalate are also observed for oxalate at the corundum/water interface at Gamma(ox) = 1.4 mumol/m(2). With increasing oxalate concentration (Gamma(ox) > 2.47 mumol/m(2)), the boehmite surface binding sites for inner-sphere adsorbed oxalate become saturated, and excess oxalate ions are present dominantly as aqueous species (IR peaks at 1309 and 1571 cm(-1)). In addition to these adsorption processes, oxalate-promoted dissolution of boehmite following inner-sphere oxalate adsorption becomes increasingly pronounced with increasing Gamma(ox) and results in an aqueous Al(III)-oxalate species, as indicated by shifted IR peaks (1286 --> 1297 cm(-1) and 1418 --> 1408 cm(-1)). At pH 2.5, no outer-sphere adsorbed oxalate or aqueous oxalate species were observed. The similarity of adsorbed oxalate spectral features at pH 2.5 and 5.1 implies that the adsorption mechanism of aqueous HOx(-) species involves loss of protons from this species during the ligand-exchange reaction. As a consequence, adsorbed inner-sphere oxalate and aqueous Al(III)-oxalate complexes formed at pH 2.5 have coordination geometries very similar to those formed at pH 5.1. The coordination geometry of inner-sphere adsorbed oxalate species was also predicted using quantum chemical geometry optimization and IR vibrational frequency calculations. Geometry-optimized Al8O12 and Al14O22 clusters with the reactive surface Al site coordinated by three oxygens were used as model substrates for corundum and boehmite surfaces. Among the models considered, calculated IR frequencies based on a bidentate side-on structure with a 5-membered ring agree best with the observed frequencies for boehmite/oxalate/water samples at Gamma(ox) = 0.25 to 16.44 mumol/m(2) and pH 2.5 and 5.1, and for a corundum/oxalate/water sample at Gamma(ox) = 1.4 mumol/m(2) and pH 5.1. Based on these results, we suggest that oxalate bonding on boehmite and corundum surfaces results in 5-coordinated rather than 4- or 6-coordinated Al surface sites. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd C1 Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Yoon, TH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM taeyoon@pangea.stanford.edu NR 53 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 9 U2 64 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 68 IS 22 BP 4505 EP 4518 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.025 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 869JU UT WOS:000224980000001 ER PT J AU Liu, CX Zachara, JM Qafoku, O McKinley, JP Heald, SM Wang, ZM AF Liu, CX Zachara, JM Qafoku, O McKinley, JP Heald, SM Wang, ZM TI Dissolution of uranyl microprecipitates in subsurface sediments at Hanford site, USA SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID GIBBS FREE-ENERGIES; NUCLEAR-FUEL; URANIUM(VI) ADSORPTION; CARBONATE SOLUTIONS; OXIDATIVE DISSOLUTION; SORPTION COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; HUMIC-ACID; HEMATITE; MINERALS AB The dissolution of uranium was investigated from contaminated sediments obtained at the US. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Hanford site. The uranium existed in the sediments as uranyl silicate microprecipitates in fractures, cleavages, and cavities within sediment grains. Uranium dissolution was studied in Na, Na-Ca, and NH4 electrolytes with pH ranging from 7.0 to 9.5 under ambient CO, pressure. The rate and extent of uranium dissolution was influenced by uranyl mineral solubility, carbonate concentration, and mass transfer rate from intraparticle regions. Dissolved uranium concentration reached constant values within a month in electrolytes below pH 8.2, whereas concentrations continued to rise for over 200 d at pH 9.0 and above. The steady-state concentrations were consistent with the solubility of Na-boltwoodite and/or uranophane, which exhibit similar solubility under the experimental conditions. The uranium dissolution rate increased with increasing carbonate concentration, and was initially fast. It decreased with time as solubility equilibrium was attained, or dissolution kinetics or mass transfer rate from intraparticle regions became rate-limiting. Microscopic observations indicated that uranium precipitates were distributed in intragrain microfractures with variable sizes and connectivity to particle surfaces. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopic change of the uranyl microprecipitates was negligible during the long-term equilibration, indicating that uranyl speciation was not changed by dissolution. A kinetic model that incorporated mineral dissolution kinetics and grain-scale, fracture-matrix diffusion was developed to describe uranium release rate from the sediment. Model calculations indicated that 50-95% of the precipitated uranium was associated with fractures that were in close contact with the aqueous phase. The remainder of the uranium was deeply imbedded in particle interiors and exhibited effective diffusivities that were over three orders of magnitude lower than those in the fractures. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, PNC, CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, CX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov RI Liu, Chongxuan/C-5580-2009; Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010 OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357 NR 57 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 68 IS 22 BP 4519 EP 4537 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.017 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 869JU UT WOS:000224980000002 ER PT J AU Maher, K DePaolo, DJ Lin, JCF AF Maher, K DePaolo, DJ Lin, JCF TI Rates of silicate dissolution in deep-sea sediment: In situ measurement using U-234/U-238 of pore fluids SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review ID CHEMICAL-WEATHERING RATES; ALPHA-RECOIL DAMAGE; SOLUTION SATURATION STATE; SR ISOTOPIC EVOLUTION; RIVER PLAIN AQUIFER; TH-SERIES NUCLIDES; SURFACE-AREA; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; U-SERIES; PREFERENTIAL SOLUTION AB Bulk dissolution rates for sediment from ODP Site 984A in the North Atlantic are determined using the U-234/U-238 activity ratios of pore water, bulk sediment, and leachates. Site 984A is one of only several sites where closely spaced pore water samples were obtained from the upper 60 meters of the core; the sedimentation rate is high (11-15 cm/ka), hence the sediments in the upper 60 meters are less than 500 ka old. The sediment is clayey silt and composed mostly of detritus derived from Iceland with a significant component of biogenic carbonate (up to 30%). The pore water U-234/U-238 activity ratios are higher than seawater values, in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, while the bulk sediment U-234/U-238 activity ratios are close to 1.0. The U-234/U-238 of the pore water reflects a balance between the mineral dissolution rate and the supply rate of excess U-234 to the pore fluid by a-recoil injection of Th-234. The fraction of U-238 decays that result in a-recoil injection of U-234 to pore fluid is estimated to be 0.10 to 0.20 based on the U-234/U-238 of insoluble residue fractions. The calculated bulk dissolution rates, in units of g/g/yr are in the range of 4 X 10(-7) to 2 X 10(-6) yr(-1). There is significant down-hole variability in pore water U-234/U-238 activity ratios (and hence dissolution rates) on a scale of ca. 10 m. The inferred bulk dissolution rate constants are 100 to 10(4) times slower than laboratory-determined rates, 100 times faster than rates inferred for older sediments based on Sr isotopes, and similar to weathering rates determined for terrestrial soils of similar age. The results of this study suggest that U isotopes can be used to measure in situ dissolution rates in fine-grained clastic materials. The rate estimates for sediments from ODP Site 984 confirm the strong dependence of reactivity on the age of the solid material: the bulk dissolution rate (R-d) of soils and deep-sea sediments can be approximately described by the expression R-d approximate to 0.1 Age(-1) for ages spanning 1000 to 5 X 10(8) yr. The age of the material, which encompasses the grain size, surface area, and other chemical factors that contribute to the rate of dissolution, appears to be a much stronger determinant of dissolution rate than any single physical or chemical property of the system. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Maher, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM katem@eps.berkeley.edu RI Maher, Kate/B-3489-2010 OI Maher, Kate/0000-0002-5982-6064 NR 124 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 68 IS 22 BP 4629 EP 4648 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.024 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 869JU UT WOS:000224980000009 ER PT J AU Elso, CM Lu, XC Culiat, CT Rutledge, JC Cacheiro, NLA Generoso, WM Stubbs, LJ AF Elso, CM Lu, XC Culiat, CT Rutledge, JC Cacheiro, NLA Generoso, WM Stubbs, LJ TI Heightened susceptibility to chronic gastritis, hyperplasia and metaplasia in Kcnq1 mutant mice SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; POTASSIUM CHANNEL GENE; MOUSE MODEL; TARGETED DISRUPTION; LANGE-NIELSEN; CARDIOAUDITORY SYNDROME; MOLECULAR-BASIS; PARIETAL-CELLS; BETA-SUBUNIT; CANCER AB Increased susceptibility to gastric cancer has been associated with a wide range of host genetic and environmental factors, including Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori infection is postulated to initiate a progression through atrophic gastritis, metaplasia and dysplasia to cancer, and has been associated with reduction of acid output and dysregulation of stomach mucins. Here, we present the characterization of two mouse lines carrying mutant alleles of the gene encoding the Kcnq1 potassium channel, which very rapidly establish chronic gastritis in a pathogen-exposed environment. These mice develop gastric hyperplasia, hypochlorhydria and mucin dysregulation independent of infection. Metaplasia, dysplasia and pre-malignant adenomatous hyperplasia of the stomach have been observed in these Kcnq1 mutant mice, also independent of infection. The data presented here suggest that Kcnq1 mutant mice can be used both as an efficient model for the development of atrophic gastritis after infection and to determine the processes during the later stages of progression to gastric cancer independent of infection. Thus, Kcnq1 mutant mice are a powerful new tool for investigating the connection between acid balance, Helicobacter infection and mucin disruption in the progression to gastric cancer. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Stubbs, LJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM stubbs5@llnl.gov OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 38 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 13 IS 22 BP 2813 EP 2821 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddh307 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 873BG UT WOS:000225253100008 PM 15385447 ER PT J AU Cooper, GJT Abbas, H Kogerler, P Long, DL Cronin, L AF Cooper, GJT Abbas, H Kogerler, P Long, DL Cronin, L TI Pentadecadentate chelating ligands as building blocks for a {Fe-6} cage with 12 exo-coordinated sodium cations SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYAMINOPOLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; IONS AB Complexation of the highly branched, pentadecadentate chelating ligand cis, cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetriamine-N, N, N', N', W, N'-hexaacetic acid (H6L) with iron(III) and sodium cations in the presence of carbonate anions leads to the formation of an {Fe6L2} cluster comprising an {Fe-6} cage linked by 12 exo-coordinated sodium cations to form an extended 3D array. C1 Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Cronin, L (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM L.Cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk RI Cronin, Leroy/B-7752-2008; Long, Deliang/C-3500-2011; Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Cronin, Leroy/0000-0001-8035-5757; Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 23 BP 7266 EP 7268 DI 10.1021/ic049068w PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 871JY UT WOS:000225128900003 PM 15530071 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, RN Contreras, MA Teeter, G AF Bhattacharya, RN Contreras, MA Teeter, G TI 18.5% copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) device using single-layer, chemical-bath-deposited ZnS(O,OH) SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS); chemical bath deposition (CBD); ZnS(O,OH) AB The recent development of a chemical-bath-deposited (CBD) ZnS(O,OH) layer that enabled an 18.5%-efficient copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) devices using a single-layer of CBD ZnS(O,OH) is reported in this paper. Such buffer layers could potentially replace US in the CIGS solar cell. C1 NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), NREL, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 2 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 35 PU INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA TOYOKAIJI BLDG NO. 12, 6-9-6 SHINBASHI, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 2 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 - Lett. Express Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 11B BP L1475 EP L1476 DI 10.1143/JJAP.43.L1475 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 877PE UT WOS:000225581700006 ER PT J AU Barvosa-Carter, W Aziz, MJ Phan, AV Kaplan, T Gray, LJ AF Barvosa-Carter, W Aziz, MJ Phan, AV Kaplan, T Gray, LJ TI Interfacial roughening during solid phase epitaxy: Interaction of dopant, stress, and anisotropy effects SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY CONTOUR METHOD; NONHYDROSTATIC STRESS; GROWTH INSTABILITY; AMORPHOUS SI; KINETICS; CRYSTALLIZATION; ORIENTATION; DEPENDENCE; GENERATION; LAYERS AB The effects of externally applied stress and rate-enhancing dopants on interfacial roughness during the solid phase epitaxial growth of ion-implantation-doped Si are investigated using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and time-resolved reflectivity. We find long-wavelength roughness in the absence of an applied stress that arises solely from the dopant-gradient. With the addition of a compressive stress, the interface roughens further with an enhanced magnitude and a dramatically reduced wavelength. We discuss the experimental results in the context of a simulation that includes our current understanding of stress, dopant-gradient, and interface anisotropy effects. We find a rich interplay between these effects in determining growth morphology evolution, and demonstrate the successes and current limitations of the model. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ S Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Barvosa-Carter, W (reprint author), HRL Labs, Malibu, CA USA. EM wbc@hrl.com; maziz@harvard.edu NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5462 EP 5468 DI 10.1063/1.1790580 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868PR UT WOS:000224926000010 ER PT J AU Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Gray, GT AF Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Gray, GT TI The equation of state of a fluorinated tripolymer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK COMPRESSION; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; EXPLOSIVES; TRANSITION; ELASTOMER; POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; WAVE AB The Hugoniot of the fluorinated tripolymer Viton B has been quantified in terms of shock stress, shock velocity, and particle velocity. The shock velocity-particle velocity curve was found to be linear, thus suggesting no changes in phase occurred in the experimental stress range investigated. Comparisons of the calculated hydrodynamic pressures and measured stresses also showed close agreement, with only small differences apparent at the highest stresses. It is believed that this shows Viton B has a low shock-induced shear strength that only becomes significant at high impact stresses. Comparison of the Hugoniots of Viton B, polytetrafluroethylene, and polyvinylidene difluoride shows that the former is slightly steeper. The authors suggest that this is due to the -CF3 side group having a strengthening effect. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. EM j.c.f.millett@cranfield.ac.uk RI Bourne, Neil/A-7544-2008 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5500 EP 5504 DI 10.1063/1.1805193 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868PR UT WOS:000224926000016 ER PT J AU Hayes, DB Hall, CA Asay, JR Knudson, MD AF Hayes, DB Hall, CA Asay, JR Knudson, MD TI Measurement of the compression isentrope for 6061-T6 aluminum to 185 GPa and 46% volumetric strain using pulsed magnetic loading SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID Z-ACCELERATOR; SHOCK-WAVE; SAPPHIRE; INTERFEROMETER; VELOCITIES; SOLIDS; INDEX; STATE AB The Z accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories was used to measure the compression isentrope of 6061-T6 aluminum to 185 GPa. The isentropic compression experimental technique uses a rapidly increasing, planar magnetic field to simultaneously subject multiple planar aluminum samples of different thicknesses to a ramped magnetic stress load. This magnetic stress load causes a ramped compression wave to propagate in the aluminum. Motion histories at the rear surface of each aluminum sample are measured through a LiF window using laser velocity interferometry. Backward and forward integration of the one-dimensional equations of motion are used to analyze the data. Imposing the requirement that each motion history comes from the same magnetic stress load is sufficient to determine both the stress load and the stress-strain behavior of the aluminum. Because of shocks that grow in the LiF, the usual VISAR interferometer analysis was modified. The measured compression curve obtained on different aluminum samples for volumetric strains to 46% agrees to within about 2% of peak stress with an isentrope obtained from the often-used Mie-Gruneisen equation of state that was derived from previous Hugoniot data. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 31 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5520 EP 5527 DI 10.1063/1.1803108 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868PR UT WOS:000224926000019 ER PT J AU Saraf, L Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Wang, CM El-Azab, A Baer, DR AF Saraf, L Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Wang, CM El-Azab, A Baer, DR TI Distinguishibility of oxygen desorption from the surface region with mobility dominant effects in nanocrystalline ceria films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; FUEL-CELL; OXIDE; OXIDATION; CEO2; DIFFUSION; REDUCTION; ZIRCONIA; ION; NANOPARTICLES AB We present an investigation of oxygen (O-18) uptake measurements in 1 mum thick nanocrystalline ceria films grown on single crystal Al2O3(0001) by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). Oxygen uptake measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 200-600degreesC at a background O-18 pressure of 4.0x10(-6) Torr. Average grain size in the as-grown films, synthesized by sol-gel process was similar to3 nm confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction measurements. From the diffusion depth profiles, changes in intensity and slopes in surface and interface regions indicate complex oxygen mobility effects. Oxygen desorption is clearly distinguishable in the film surface region as a result of shift in the oxygen concentration maxima. It is argued that high defect density in nanocrystalline ceria which is associated with nanograin surface combined with intermediate temperature reducing environment triggers multiple processes such as molecular and ionic diffusion, adsorption, desorption, and isotope exchange interactions. The promising nature of NRA is realized as an effective tool to acquire the depth-dependent information from complex reactions existing in nanocrystalline environment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Saraf, L (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Laxmikant.Saraf@pnl.gov RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5756 EP 5760 DI 10.1063/1.1803605 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868PR UT WOS:000224926000058 ER PT J AU Hau-Riege, CS Hau-Riege, SP Marathe, AP AF Hau-Riege, CS Hau-Riege, SP Marathe, AP TI The effect of interlevel dielectric on the critical tensile stress to void nucleation for the reliability of Cu interconnects SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DAMASCENE INTERCONNECTS; ELECTROMIGRATION; CU/OXIDE AB We have conducted electromigration experiments and modeling on Cu Damascene structures surrounded by different interlevel dielectric ILD and Cu-cap materials. We have determined the mechanical properties of the surrounding ILD and Cu cap to play a key role in the critical stress change to void nucleation (Deltasigma(crit)), which is one of the critical parameters in determining electromigration lifetime or any other void-limited lifetime. Specifically, we found that Deltasigma(crit) decreases as the Young's modulus of the interlevel dielectric decreases, which is the case with low-k materials. In order to compensate for the lower threshold to void nucleation in low-k materials, a stronger emphasis needs to be placed on the quality or adhesion of the Cu/cap interface, which is currently the preferred site for void nucleation, so that interconnects fabricated in low-k materials continue to meet the ever-increasing electromigration reliability requirements. Finally, the methodology developed in this study, which is based on experiment and modeling, can be used to determine Deltasigma(crit), and therefore the critical jL product, for any combination of ILD and Cu-cap materials. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Adv Micro Devices Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hau-Riege, CS (reprint author), Adv Micro Devices Inc, 1 AMD Pl,M-S 143, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5792 EP 5796 DI 10.1063/1.1787139 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868PR UT WOS:000224926000065 ER PT J AU Subotnik, JE Shao, YH Liang, WZ Head-Gordon, M AF Subotnik, JE Shao, YH Liang, WZ Head-Gordon, M TI An efficient method for calculating maxima of homogeneous functions of orthogonal matrices: Applications to localized occupied orbitals SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC NITRATION; MOLECULAR-ORBITALS; WANNIER FUNCTIONS; CONVERGENCE ACCELERATION; NITROSATION; ALGORITHMS AB We present here three new algorithms (one purely iterative and two DIIS-like [Direct Inversion in the Iteractive Subspace]) to compute maxima of homogeneous functions of orthogonal matrices. These algorithms revolve around the mathematical lemma that, given an invertible matrix A, the function f(U)=Tr(AU) has exactly one local (and global) maximum for U special orthogonal [i.e., UUT=1 and det(U)=1]. This is proved in the Appendix. One application of these algorithms is the computation of localized orbitals, including, for example, Boys and Edmiston-Ruedenberg (ER) orbitals. The Boys orbitals are defined as the set of orthonormal orbitals which, for a given vector space of orbitals, maximize the sum of the distances between orbital centers. The ER orbitals maximize total self-interaction energy. The algorithm presented here computes Boys orbitals roughly as fast as the traditional method (Jacobi sweeps), while, for large systems, it finds ER orbitals potentially much more quickly than traditional Jacobi sweeps. In fact, the required time for convergence of our algorithm scales quadratically in the region of a few hundred basis functions (though cubicly asymptotically), while Jacobi sweeps for the ER orbitals traditionally scale as the number of occupied orbitals to the fifth power. As an example of the utility of the method, we provide below the ER orbitals of nitrated and nitrosated benzene, and we discuss the chemical implications. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Lab Bond Select Chem, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. RP Subotnik, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liang, Wanzhen /F-6879-2010 NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 19 BP 9220 EP 9229 DI 10.1063/1.1790971 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 868DT UT WOS:000224895000003 PM 15538842 ER PT J AU Kenny, JP Benson, SJ Alexeev, Y Sarich, J Janssen, CL McInnes, LC Krishnan, M Nieplocha, J Jurrus, E Fahlstrom, C Windus, TL AF Kenny, JP Benson, SJ Alexeev, Y Sarich, J Janssen, CL McInnes, LC Krishnan, M Nieplocha, J Jurrus, E Fahlstrom, C Windus, TL TI Component-based integration of chemistry and optimization software SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE electronic structure; component; software development; optimization ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; BASIS SETS AB Typical scientific software designs make rigid assumptions regarding programming language and data structures, frustrating software interoperability and scientific collaboration. Component-based software engineering is an emerging approach to managing the increasing complexity of scientific software. Component technology facilitates code interoperability and reuse. Through the adoption of methodology and tools developed by the Common Component Architecture Forum, we have developed a component architecture for molecular structure optimization. Using the NWChem and Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry packages, we have produced chemistry components that provide capacity city for energy and energy derivative evaluation. We have constructed geometry optimization applications by integrating the Toolkit for Advanced Optimization, Portable Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation, and Global Arrays packages, which provide optimization and linear algebra capabilities. We present a brief overview of the component development process and a description of abstract interfaces for chemical optimizations. The components conforming to these abstract interfaces allow the construction of applications using different chemistry and mathematics packages interchangeably. Initial numerical results for the component software demonstrate good performance, and highlight potential research enabled by this platform. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, High Performance Comp & Networking Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kenny, JP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, High Performance Comp & Networking Dept, MS 9915,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jpkenny@sandia.gov NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 14 BP 1717 EP 1725 DI 10.1002/jcc.20091 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 856SP UT WOS:000224065500004 PM 15362128 ER PT J AU Rothenberger, KS Cugini, AV Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Ciocco, MV Morreale, BD Enick, RM Bustamante, F Mardilovich, IP Ma, YH AF Rothenberger, KS Cugini, AV Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Ciocco, MV Morreale, BD Enick, RM Bustamante, F Mardilovich, IP Ma, YH TI High pressure hydrogen permeance of porous stainless steel coated with a thin palladium film via electroless plating SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE composite membranes; gas separations; membrane preparation and structure; hydrogen; permeability testing ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAS SHIFT REACTION; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; PD-AG; SEPARATION; REACTOR; PERMEATION; METHANE; PERMEABILITY; SELECTIVITY AB The high-pressure (100-2800 kPa) hydrogen permeance of two membranes, each composed of a thin palladium film (similar to22 mum) deposited on the oxidized surface of a porous stainless steel tubular substrate (0.2 mum grade support) has been determined over the 623-723 K temperature range. The hydrogen flux was proportional to the H-2 partial pressure in the retentate raised to an exponent of similar to0.55 for one membrane and similar to0.64 for the other, indicating that the transport of hydrogen through the composite membrane was primarily limited by bulk diffusion. Overall, the hydrogen permeance of these membranes was within a wide range of values previously reported with thin film palladium membranes of comparable thickness. The first membrane exhibited no detectable helium flux at hydrogen partial pressures less than 350 kPa for a retentate stream composed of 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. H-2/He selectivity decreased to values as low as 12, however, at total transmembrane pressure differentials as great as 2800 kPa. As the membranes were heated from 623 to 723 K under pressures of up to 2800 kPa, the permeance of each membrane remained invariant at values of similar to1.5 x 10(-4) and similar to2.9 x 10(-4) mol/(m(2) s Pa-0.5), then decreased by similar to35% when the membrane was cooled back to 623 K, indicating some degradation of the membranes under the high-pressure testing conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that extremes in the palladium film thickness ranged from about 10-50 mum with palladium "fingers" extending into the pore structure anchoring the palladium layer to the support. Although surface characterization could not pinpoint the source of the degradation, intermetallic, diffusion could not be ruled out in spite of the presence of the oxide layer. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NETL Support Contractor Parsons, S Pk, PA 15129 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, NETL Res Associate, Chem & Petr Engn Dept, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. RP Rothenberger, KS (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM kurt.rothenberger@netl.doe.gov NR 39 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 244 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.036 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 872TU UT WOS:000225232300006 ER PT J AU Wang, H Brady, MP More, KL Meyer, HM Turner, JA AF Wang, H Brady, MP More, KL Meyer, HM Turner, JA TI Thermally nitrided stainless steels for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plates - Part 2: Beneficial modification of passive layer on AISI446 SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE nitridation; stainless steel; ferrite; PEMFC; bipolar plate ID NITRIDATION AB Thermal nitridation of AISI446 mod-1 superferritic stainless steel for 24 h at 1100degreesC resulted in an adherent, inward growing surface layer based on (Cr, Fe)(2)N1-x (x = 0-0.5). The layer was not continuous, and although it resulted in low interfacial contact resistance (ICR) and good corrosion resistance under simulated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodic conditions; poor corrosion resistance was observed under simulated anodic conditions. Nitridation for 2 h at 1100degreesC resulted in little nitrogen uptake and a tinted surface. Analysis by SEM, XPS, and AES suggested a complex heterogeneous modification of the native passive oxide film by nitrogen rather than the desired microns-thick exclusive Cr-rich nitride layer. Surprisingly, this modification resulted in both good corrosion resistance under simulated cathodic and anodic conditions and low ICR, well over an order of magnitude lower than the untreated alloy. Further, little increase in ICR was observed under passivating polarization conditions. The potential of this phenomenon for PEMFC bipolar plates is discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM john_turner@nrel.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008; More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 NR 8 TC 95 Z9 99 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.064 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 871SV UT WOS:000225154600010 ER PT J AU Wang, H Brady, MP Teeter, G Turner, JA AF Wang, H Brady, MP Teeter, G Turner, JA TI Thermally nitrided stainless steels for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plates - Part 1: Model Ni-50Cr and austenitic 349 (TM) alloys SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE thermal nitridation; Ni-based alloy; stainless steel; PEMFC; bipolar plate; corrosion ID NITRIDATION AB Thermal nitridation of a model Ni-50Cr alloy at 1100degreesC for 2 h in pure nitrogen resulted in the formation of a continuous, protective CrN/Cr2N surface layer with a low interfacial contact resistance. Application of similar nitridation parameters to an austenitic stainless steel, 349(TM), however, resulted in a discontinuous mixture of discrete CrN, Cr2N and (Cr,Fe)(2)N1-x (x = 0-0.5) phase surface particles overlying an exposed gamma austenite-based matrix, rather than a continuous nitride surface layer. The interfacial contact resistance of the 349(TM) was reduced significantly by the nitridation treatment. However, in the simulated PEMFC environments (1 M H2SO4 + 2 ppm F- solutions at 70degreesC sparged with either hydrogen or air), very high corrosion currents were observed under both anodic and cathodic conditions. This poor behavior was linked to the lack of continuity of the Cr-rich nitride surface formed on 349(TM). Issues regarding achieving continuous, protective Cr-nitride surface layers on stainless steel alloys are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM john_turner@nrel.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747 NR 15 TC 107 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.067 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 871SV UT WOS:000225154600011 ER PT J AU Morris, RS Dixon, BG Gennett, T Raffaelle, R Heben, MJ AF Morris, RS Dixon, BG Gennett, T Raffaelle, R Heben, MJ TI High-energy, rechargeable Li-ion battery based on carbon nanotube technology SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Power Sources Conference CY JUN 14-17, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA DE nanotube; lithium battery; carbon AB In the near future, the portable power market will demand greater specific energy and power from lithium battery technology. These requirements cannot be met by conventional batteries or through extrapolation of the capabilities of conventional systems. New materials and systems must be developed to meet these stringent future requirements. Nanomaterials offer a new exciting alternative to the standard materials traditionally used for fabrication of batteries. The work described herein, deals with a novel approach to the use of nanomaterials in the electrodes of lithium-ion batteries. We have synthesized and chemically modified carbon nanotubes and subsequently tested these modified nanotubes as electrodes in small lithium batteries. This paper describes electrochemical characterization of the novel electrodes as well as determination of the specific energy of simple one-cell batteries containing these novel electrodes. We have been able to demonstrate a laboratory cell with a specific exceeding 600 Wh/kg and pulse power exceeding 3 kW/kg. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Phoenix Innovat Inc, Wareham, MA 02576 USA. Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Dixon, BG (reprint author), Phoenix Innovat Inc, 20 Patterson Brook Rd, Wareham, MA 02576 USA. EM bdixon@phoenixinnov.com NR 10 TC 83 Z9 88 U1 5 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.014 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 871SV UT WOS:000225154600035 ER PT J AU Singh, P Guidotti, RA Reisner, D AF Singh, P Guidotti, RA Reisner, D TI ac impedance measurements of molten salt thermal batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE thermal batteries; Li-based molten salt batteries; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy AB Non-destructive testing of thermal batteries without activating them is a challenging proposition. Molten salt thermal batteries are activated by raising their temperature to above the melting point of the salt constituting the electrolyte. One approach that we have considered is to raise the temperature of the molten salt electrolyte to a temperature below the melting point so that the battery does not get activated yet may provide sufficient mobility of the ionic species to be able to obtain some useful ac impedance measurements. This hypothesis was put to the test for two Li(Si)/FeS2 molten salt batteries with two electrolytes of different melting points-a standard LiCl-KCl eutectic that melts at 352degreesC and a LiBr-KBr-LiCl eutectic with a melting point of 319 degreesC. ac impedance measurements as a function of frequency and temperature below the melting point are presented for single cells and batteries. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Villanova Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. US Nanocorp Inc, Farmington, CT 06032 USA. RP Singh, P (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. EM singh@ece.vill.edu; dreisner@usnanocorp.com NR 1 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 323 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.038 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 871SV UT WOS:000225154600044 ER PT J AU Sarma, GB Radhakrishnan, B AF Sarma, GB Radhakrishnan, B TI Modeling microstructural effects on the evolution of cube texture during hot deformation of aluminum SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE hot deformation; microstructure; cube texture; finite element modeling; crystal plasticity; mesoscale simulations ID PLANE-STRAIN COMPRESSION; ORIENTED FCC CRYSTALS; RECRYSTALLIZATION TEXTURES; DEFORMED ALUMINUM; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; AL SINGLE; POLYCRYSTALS; ORIENTATION; ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE AB The origin and development of cube ({0 0 1} <1 0 0>) texture during hot deformation and subsequent recrystallization of aluminum alloys remains a topic of considerable interest in materials research. Finite element modeling at the mesoscale was used to study the hot deformation of microstructures containing cube-oriented grains distributed among grains with S ({1 2 3} <6 3 4>) and copper ({1 1 2} <1 1 1>) orientations. Discretization of each grain with a large number of elements enables the model to capture the heterogeneous deformation of individual grains. The constitutive response of the material is modeled using crystal plasticity, thereby enabling the prediction of texture evolution in the microstructure. The deformation at elevated temperatures has been modeled by including slip on the non-octahedral {1 1 0} <1 1 0> systems, in addition to the usual {1 1 1} <1 1 0> systems(.) Microstructures with different grain sizes and some special configurations for the cube grain have been deformed in plane strain compression. The effects of the local environment, grain size and plastic strain on the stability of the cube texture during hot deformation are examined. The inclination of the cube grain boundary relative to the compression axis appears to play a role in the distributions of stored energy and misorientation across the boundary. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sarma, GB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sarmag@ornl.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 91 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.007 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 867DI UT WOS:000224822000014 ER PT J AU Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Raab, GI Zharikov, AI Valiev, RZ AF Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Raab, GI Zharikov, AI Valiev, RZ TI Effect of initial microstructure on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Ti during cold rolling SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE microstructure; mechanical property; ECAP; cold rolling ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; PURE TI; TITANIUM; ECAP AB Ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti rods were produced via cold rolling UFG and coarse-grained (CG) Ti stocks. The initial UFG stock was produced via equal channel angular pressing. It was found that the initial UFG structure had beneficial influence on the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled Ti rods. Compared with Ti rods with initial CG microstructure, the Ti rods with the initial UFG microstructure have both higher strength and higher ductility after being cold rolled to varying strains. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the Ti rods with the initial UFG microstructure had finer, more homogeneous microstructures after cold rolling. This study demonstrates the merit of UFG Ti processed by ECAP for further shaping and forming into structural components with superior mechanical properties. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa 450000, Russia. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Raab, Georgy/G-7530-2013 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; NR 17 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 309 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.054 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 867DI UT WOS:000224822000039 ER PT J AU Burvenich, TJ Madland, DG Reinhard, PG AF Burvenich, TJ Madland, DG Reinhard, PG TI Adjustment studies in self-consistent relativistic mean-field models SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE relativistic mean-field model; contact interactions; adjustment; fitting; nuclear matter; finite nuclei ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; FINITE NUCLEI; QCD; LAGRANGIANS; DYNAMICS; FORCES AB We investigate the influence of the adjustment procedure and the set of measured observables on the properties and predictive power of relativistic self-consistent mean-field models for the nuclear ground state. These studies are performed with the point-coupling variant of the relativistic meanfield model. We recommend optimal adjustment algorithms for the general two-part problem and we identify various trends and dependencies as well as deficiencies of current models. Consequences for model improvements are presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RP Burvenich, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tbuerven@lanl.gov NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 744 BP 92 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.08.017 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 864LD UT WOS:000224634100004 ER PT J AU Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG AF Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG TI New treatment of the chiral SU(3) quark mean field model SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE hadronic matter; finite nuclei; hypemuclei; effective mass; chiral symmetry; quark mean field ID MESON COUPLING MODEL; STRANGE HADRONIC MATTER; NUCLEAR-MATTER; FINITE NUCLEI; LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI; BAG MODEL; PHASE-TRANSITION; BROKEN SCALE; SYMMETRY; SIGMA AB We perform a study of infinite hadronic matter, finite nuclei and hypernuclei with an improved method of calculating the effective baryon mass. A detailed study of the predictions of the model is made in comparison with the available data and the level of agreement is generally very good. Comparison with an earlier treatment shows relatively minor differences at or below normal nuclear matter density, while at high density the improved calculation is quite different. In particular, we find no phase transition corresponding to chiral symmetry restoration in high density nuclear matter. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM pwang@physics.adelaide.edu.au RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012; Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592 NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 744 BP 273 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphys.2004.08.015 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 864LD UT WOS:000224634100012 ER PT J AU Xu, XM Sun, Y Chen, AQ Zheng, L AF Xu, XM Sun, Y Chen, AQ Zheng, L TI Triple-gluon scatterings and early thermalization SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE triple-gluon scatterings; transport equation; thermalization ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; DUAL PARTON MODEL; ELLIPTIC FLOW; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; ENTROPY PRODUCTION; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; TRANSPORT-THEORY; CASCADE MODELS AB Triple-gluon scattering processes in gluon matter initially created in Au-Au collisions at RHIC energies become important. The three-gluon scatterings are calculated in perturbative QCD and give rise to a new term in a transport equation for gluon distribution. A numerical solution of the transport equation demonstrates gluon momentum isotropy achieved at a time of the order of 0.65 fm/c and can thus be fitted to a thermal distribution with fugacity of 0.065 and temperature of 0.75 GeV. Triple-gluon scatterings lead to a short thermalization time of gluon matter. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Shanghai Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200436, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Nucl Res, Div Nucl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. Shanghai Univ, Dept Commun, Shanghai 200436, Peoples R China. RP Shanghai Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200436, Peoples R China. EM xmxucao@sh.cnuninet.net NR 89 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 744 BP 347 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.08.010 PG 31 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 864LD UT WOS:000224634100016 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, E Pesci, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capau, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Toogh, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Grijpink, S Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen , S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, M Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, E Pesci, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capau, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Toogh, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Grijpink, S Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen , S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, M Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA Zeus Collaboration TI Substructure dependence of jet cross sections at HERA and determination of alpha(S) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Review ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DIJET ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; PHYSICS EVENT GENERATION; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR; COLOR DIPOLE MODEL; EP COLLIDER HERA; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; GLUON JETS AB Jet substructure and differential cross sections for jets produced in the photoproduction and deep inelastic ep scattering regimes have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 82.2 pb(-1). The substructure of jets has been studied in terms of the jet shape and subjet multiplicity for jets with transverse energies E (jet)/(T) > 17 GeV. The data are well described by the QCD calculations. The jet shape and subjet multiplicity are used to tag gluon- and quarkjet initiated jets. Jet cross sections as functions of E (jet)/(T) , jet pseudorapidity, the jet-jet scattering angle, dijet invariant mass and the fraction of the photon energy carried by the dijet system are presented for gluon- and quark-tagged jets. The data exhibit the behaviour expected from the underlying parton dynamics. A value of alpha(s) (M-Z) of alpha(s) (M-Z) = 0.1176 +/- 0.0009(stat.) (+0.0009)/(-0.0026) (exp.) (+0.0091)/(-0.0072)(th.) was extracted from the measurements of jet shapes in deep inelastic scattering. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, Deutsch Elektron Synchrotron, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Aegean, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernchem, Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 158, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemont Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Nara Womens Univ, Nara, Japan. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM yoshida@mail.desy.de RI dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Carli, Ina/C-2189-2017; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Carli, Ina/0000-0002-0411-1141; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636 NR 102 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 700 IS 1-3 BP 3 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.08.049 PG 48 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 868SW UT WOS:000224934300001 ER PT J AU Gaillard, MK Giedt, J Mints, AL AF Gaillard, MK Giedt, J Mints, AL TI Modular invariant gaugino condensation in the presence of an anomalous U (1) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID HETEROTIC STRING THEORY; EFFECTIVE LAGRANGIAN ANALYSIS; SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; ANTISYMMETRIC TENSOR FIELD; GREEN-SCHWARZ MECHANISM; CHERN-SIMONS FORMS; ONE-LOOP; SUPERSPACE GEOMETRY; SUPERSTRING MODELS; LINEAR MULTIPLETS AB Starting from the previously constructed effective supergravity theory below the scale of U(1) breaking in orbifold compactifications of the weakly coupled heterotic string, we study the effective theory below the scale of supersymmetry breaking by gaugino and matter condensation in a hidden sector. Questions we address include vacuum stability and the masses of the various moduli fields, including those associated with flat directions at the U(1) breaking scale, and of their fermionic superpartners. The issue of soft supersymmetry-breaking masses in the observable sector presents a particularly serious challenge for this class of models. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Gaillard, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkgaillard@lbl.gov; giedt@physics.utoronto.ca; mints@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 81 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 700 IS 1-3 BP 205 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.08.042 PG 66 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 868SW UT WOS:000224934300008 ER PT J AU Aydin, K Guven, K Kafesaki, M Zhang, L Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E AF Aydin, K Guven, K Kafesaki, M Zhang, L Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E TI Experimental observation of true left-handed transmission peaks in metamaterials SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FREE-SPACE AB We report true left-handed (LH) behavior in a composite metamaterial consisting of a periodically arranged split ring resonator (SRR) and wire structures. We demonstrate the magnetic resonance of the SRR structure by comparing the transmission spectra of SRRs with those of closed SRRs. We have confirmed experimentally that the effective plasma frequency of the LH material composed of SRRs and wires is lower than the plasma frequency of the wires. A well-defined LH transmission band with a peak value of -1.2 dB (-0.3 dB/cm) was obtained. The experimental results agree extremely well with the theoretical calculations. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. Res Ctr Crete, Iraklion, Greece. Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece. Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Bilkent Univ, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Aydin, K (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM aydin@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Aydin, Koray/D-5100-2009; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011; Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012 OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216; Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576 NR 12 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 3 U2 19 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 22 BP 2623 EP 2625 DI 10.1364/OL.29.002623 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 867AV UT WOS:000224815400015 PM 15552665 ER PT J AU Nilsen, J Scofield, JH AF Nilsen, J Scofield, JH TI Plasmas with an index of refraction greater than 1 SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETRY AB Over the past decade, x-ray lasers in the wavelength range 14-47 nm have been used for interferometry of plasmas. As in optical interferometry of plasmas, the experimental analysis assumed that the index of refraction is due only to free electrons. This makes the index of refraction less than 1. Recent experiments in Al plasmas have shown fringe lines bending the wrong way as though the electron density were negative. We show how the bound electrons can dominate the index of refraction in many plasmas and make the index greater than 1 or enhance the index such that one would greatly overestimate the density of the plasma using interferometry. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Nilsen, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jnilsen@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 22 BP 2677 EP 2679 DI 10.1364/OL.29.002677 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 867AV UT WOS:000224815400033 PM 15552682 ER PT J AU Stevenson, K Bromhal, GS Ferer, M Wilder, J Smith, DH AF Stevenson, K Bromhal, GS Ferer, M Wilder, J Smith, DH TI Miscible, vertical network model 2-D simulations of two-phase flow displacements in porous media SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE buoyancy driven instability; pore-level modeling; miscible drainage; viscosity ratio ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; FINITE MOBILITY RATIO; 2-FLUID FLOW; INSTABILITIES; DISPERSION; STABILITY; FLUID AB A pore-level network model was used to study miscible, vertical, two-phase fluid displacements. Gravitationally unstable and stable flow configurations were explored with the Darcy-Rayleigh number (G) for a number of viscosity ratios (M). Simulations were compared with experimental results for corresponding values of G and M using interfacial width and breakthrough saturation as comparison criteria. Good agreement between the model and experimental results was observed. For gravitationally stable flows, a critical value of G,G(c)approximate to-0.02, was obtained from simulation results compared to an experimental value of G(c)approximate to0.017 found in the current literature. The transition from gravitationally stable to unstable flow was shown by decreased interfacial stability resulting in dramatically higher values of interfacial width (simulation) and dispersivity (experimental). Breakthrough saturations for gravitationally stable experimental flow configurations differed only a small amount from simulation results when considering the large length-to-width ratios of the experimental cores used for comparison. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Stat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Math, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Ferer, M (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, POB 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM MFerer@wvu.edu NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 343 BP 317 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2004.05.075 PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 862MV UT WOS:000224495900022 ER PT J AU Claus, H Uprety, KK Ma, B Paulikas, AP Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Welp, U Veal, BW Gray, KE AF Claus, H Uprety, KK Ma, B Paulikas, AP Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Welp, U Veal, BW Gray, KE TI Reversible oxidation and critical current of YBa2CU3Ox coated conductors SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DOPING-INDUCED ENHANCEMENT; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FILMS; DEPOSITION; DENSITY; CALCIUM AB We were able to vary the oxygen concentration of a YBCO coated-conductor sample from the under-doped to the over-doped regime. This was achieved by secondary oxygenation treatments at temperatures between 250degreesC and 500degreesC employing a novel oxygenation scheme. The YBCO-coated conductor was fabricated by the inclined substrate deposition method. Superconducting transition temperature and critical current as function of temperature and magnetic field were determined by a contact-free magnetization technique on a ring sample. It is observed that for temperatures at and below 77K, the maximum critical current is obtained in the most over-doped state where the transition temperature is significantly depressed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Claus, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, MSD 223,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM claus@anl.gov RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 416 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.08.008 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 871RU UT WOS:000225151800001 ER PT J AU Thomson, R Koslowski, M LeSar, R AF Thomson, R Koslowski, M LeSar, R TI A noise induced transition in the deformation of metals SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE dislocation microstructures; stochastic dynamics ID FCC METALS; PHYSICS AB We introduce a simple stochastic model that describes the dynamics of the recovery of dislocations in dislocation cell walls in stage III deformation in fcc metals. The stage II/III transition is identified as a break between walls with well-defined populations and those with power law distributions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP LeSar, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lesar@lanl.gov RI Koslowski, Marisol/B-3123-2008; LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD NOV 15 PY 2004 VL 332 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.09.046 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870GB UT WOS:000225044500007 ER PT J AU Forde, CE Rocco, JM Fitch, JP McCutchen-Maloney, SL AF Forde, CE Rocco, JM Fitch, JP McCutchen-Maloney, SL TI Real-time characterization of virulence factor expression in Yersinia pestis using a GFP reporter system SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; virulence factor; real-time expression; biodefense; transcriptional reporter system; green fluorescent protein ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; LOW-CALCIUM RESPONSE; GENOME SEQUENCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; ENTEROCOLITICA; BACTERIA; AUTOFLUORESCENCE; FLAGELLA; PLAGUE AB A real-time reporter system was developed to monitor the thermal induction of virulence factors in Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of plague. The reporter system consists of a plasmid in Y. pestis in which the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is under the control of the promoters for six virulence factors, yopE, sycE, yopT, yopT, yscN, and lcrE yopN, which are all components of the Type III secretion virulence mechanism of Y pestis. Induction of the expression of these genes in vivo was determined by the increase in fluorescence intensity of GFP in real time, in 96-well format. Different basal levels of expression at 26 degreesC were observed for the Y pestis promoters. Expressed as percentages of the level measured for the lac promoter (positive control), the basal expression levels before temperature shift were: yopE (15%), sycE(15%), yopK (13%), yopT(4%), lcrE (3.3%), and yscN(0.8%). Following the shift in temperature from 26 to 37 degreesC, the rates of expression of these genes increased with the yopE reporter showing the strongest degree of induction. The rates of induction of the other virulence factors after the temperature, expressed as percentages of yopE induction, were: yopK (57%), sycE (9%), yscN (3%), lcrE (3%), and yopT (2%). The thermal induction of each of these promoter fusions was repressed by calcium, and the ratios of the initial rates of thermal induction without calcium supplementation compared to the rate with calcium supplementation were: yopE (11-fold), yscN (7-fold), yopK (6-fold), lcrE (3-fold), yopT (2-fold), and sycE (1-fold). This work demonstrates a novel approach to quantify gene induction and provides a method to rapidly determine the effects of external stimuli on expression of Y pestis virulence factors in real time, in living cells, as a means to characterize virulence determinants. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biodefense Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Natl Secur Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCutchen-Maloney, SL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biodefense Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM smaloney@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 324 IS 2 BP 795 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.236 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 866SR UT WOS:000224794000047 PM 15474497 ER PT J AU Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hobbs, PV AF Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hobbs, PV TI Evidence that the spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols is affected by organic carbon SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE aerosol light absorption; biomass burning; organic carbon ID SINGLE-SCATTERING ALBEDO; INTEGRATING SPHERE TECHNIQUES; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIMARY PARTICLE EMISSIONS; INITIATIVE SAFARI 2000; BLACK CARBON; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ATMOSPHERIC DUST; ABSORBING COMPONENT; REFRACTIVE-INDEX AB [1] The wavelength dependence of light absorption by aerosols collected on filters is investigated throughout the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral region. Measurements were made using an optical transmission method. Aerosols produced by biomass combustion, including wood and savanna burning, and by motor vehicles, including diesel trucks, are included in the analysis. These aerosol types were distinguished by different wavelength (lambda) dependences in light absorption. Light absorption by the motor vehicle aerosols exhibited relatively weak wavelength dependence; absorption varied approximately as lambda(-1), indicating that black carbon ( BC) was the dominant absorbing aerosol component. By contrast, the biomass smoke aerosols had much stronger wavelength dependence, approximately lambda(-2). The stronger spectral dependence was the result of enhanced light absorption at wavelengths shorter than 600 nm and was largely reduced when much of the sample organic carbon (OC) was extracted by dissolution in acetone. This indicates that OC in addition to BC in the biomass smoke aerosols contributed significantly to measured light absorption in the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions and that OC in biomass burning aerosols may appreciably absorb solar radiation. Estimated absorption efficiencies and imaginary refractive indices are presented for the OC extracted from biomass burning samples and the BC in motor vehicle-dominated aerosol samples. The uncertainty of these constants is discussed. Overall, results of this investigation show that low-temperature, incomplete combustion processes, including biomass burning, can produce light-absorbing aerosols that exhibit much stronger spectral dependence than high-temperature combustion processes, such as diesel combustion. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, MS70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM twkirchstetter@lbl.gov NR 66 TC 452 Z9 458 U1 11 U2 118 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D21 AR D21208 DI 10.1029/2004JD004999 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 872EM UT WOS:000225190500010 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Khare, A Saxena, A Herring, G AF Kevrekidis, PG Khare, A Saxena, A Herring, G TI On some classes of mKdV periodic solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS; DE-VRIES EQUATION; HIERARCHY; CURVES; PLASMA; PLANE AB We obtain exact periodic solutions of the positive and negative modified Kortweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations. We examine the dynamical stability of these solitary wave lattices through direct numerical simulations. While the positive mKdV breather lattice solutions are found to be unstable, the two-soliton lattice solution of the same equation is found to be stable. Similarly, a negative mKdV lattice solution is found to be stable. We also touch upon the implications of these results for the KdV equation. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 45 BP 10959 EP 10965 AR PII S0305-4470(04)75741-8 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/37/45/014 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 875SM UT WOS:000225442000016 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Cussonneau, JP d'Enterria, D Das, K David, G Deak, F Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Efremenko, YV En'yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Fields, DE Finck, C Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Germain, M Glenn, A Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hasuko, K Hayano, R He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hidas, P Hiejima, H Hill, JC Hobbs, R Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Inuzuka, M Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Katou, K Kawabata, T Kazantsev, A Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kinney, E Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochetkov, V Kohara, R Komkov, B Konno, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, X Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Miake, Y Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Newby, J Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Pate, SF Pei, H Penev, V Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Pierson, A Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qualls, J Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosendahl, S Rosnet, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shimomura, M Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Thomas, TL Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Uam, TJ van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Willis, N Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudtke, O Zhang, C Zhou, S Zimanyi, J Zolin, L Zong, X AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Cussonneau, JP d'Enterria, D Das, K David, G Deak, F Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Efremenko, YV En'yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Fields, DE Finck, C Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Germain, M Glenn, A Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hasuko, K Hayano, R He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hidas, P Hiejima, H Hill, JC Hobbs, R Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Inuzuka, M Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Katou, K Kawabata, T Kazantsev, A Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kinney, E Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochetkov, V Kohara, R Komkov, B Konno, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, X Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Miake, Y Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Newby, J Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Pate, SF Pei, H Penev, V Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Pierson, A Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qualls, J Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosendahl, S Rosnet, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shimomura, M Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Thomas, TL Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Uam, TJ van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Willis, N Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudtke, O Zhang, C Zhou, S Zimanyi, J Zolin, L Zong, X CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Double helicity asymmetry in inclusive midrapidity pi(0) production for polarized p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SPIN STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; PROTON; DETECTORS AB We present a measurement of the double longitudinal spin asymmetry in inclusive pi(0) production in polarized proton-proton collisions at roots=200 GeV. The data were taken at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider with average beam polarizations of 0.27. The measurements are the first in a program to study the longitudinal spin structure of the proton, using strongly interacting probes, at collider energies. The asymmetry is presented for transverse momenta 1-5 GeV/c at midrapidity, where next-to-leading-order perturbative quantum chromodynamic (NLO pQCD) calculations well describe the unpolarized cross section. The observed asymmetry is small and is compared to a NLO pQCD calculation with a range of polarized gluon distributions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068394, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, Ecole Mines Nantes, CNRS,IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Adler, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zajc@nevis.columbia.edu RI Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017 OI Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; NR 28 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 202002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.202002 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800017 PM 15600917 ER PT J AU Agashe, K Perez, G Soni, A AF Agashe, K Perez, G Soni, A TI B-factory signals for a warped extra dimension SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLAVOR VIOLATION; DECAYS; GEOMETRY; MIXINGS; MASSES; MODEL AB We study predictions for B physics in a class of warped extra dimension models recently introduced, where few (similar to3) TeV Kaluza-Klein masses are consistent with electroweak data due to custodial symmetry. As in the standard model (SM), flavor violations arise due to the heavy top quark leading to striking signals: (i) New physics contributions to DeltaF=2 transitions are comparable to the SM, so the success of the SM unitarity triangle fit is a "coincidence." Thus, clean extractions of unitarity angles are likely to be affected, in addition to O(1) deviation from the SM prediction in B-s mixing. (ii) O(1) deviation from various SM predictions for B-->X(s)l(+)l(-). (iii) Large mixing-induced CP asymmetry in radiative B decays. Also, the neutron electric dipole moment is roughly 20 times larger than the current bound so that this framework has a "CP problem." C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Agashe, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM kagashe@pha.jhu.edu; gperez@lbl.gov; soni@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 28 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 201804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.201804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800014 PM 15600914 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M 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AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P 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MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D 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Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A 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Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Nardo, GD Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Rubin, AE Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Measurement of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B-0 -> K-*0 gamma(K-*0 -> K-S(0)pi(0)) decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B-0-->K(*0)gamma(K-*0-->K(S)(0)pi(0)) decays based on 124x10(6) Y(4S)-->decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. In a sample containing 105+/-14 signal decays, we measure S(K)(*)gamma=0.25+/-0.63+/-0.14 and C(K)(*)gamma=-0.57+/-0.32+/-0.09, where the first error is statistical and the second, systematic. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. 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Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012 OI Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 201801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.201801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800011 ER PT J AU Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G AF Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G TI Complete two-loop electroweak fermionic corrections to the effective leptonic weak mixing angle sin(2)theta(lept)(eff) and indirect determination of the Higgs boson mass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; STANDARD-MODEL; HEAVY-TOP; M-W; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; MUON LIFETIME; PARAMETERS; DIAGRAMS; LOOP AB We present a complete calculation of the contributions to the effective leptonic weak mixing angle, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept), generated by closed fermion loops at the two-loop level of the electroweak interactions. This quantity is the source of the most stringent bound on the mass M-H of the standard model Higgs boson. The size of the corrections with respect to known partial results varies between -4x10(-5) and -8x10(-5) for a realistic range of M-H from 100 to 300 GeV. This translates into a shift of the predicted (from sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) alone) central value of M-H by +19 GeV, to be compared with the shift induced by a recent change in the measured top quark mass which amounts to +36 GeV. C1 DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. PAS, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Awramik, M (reprint author), DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. NR 37 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 201805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.201805 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800015 PM 15600915 ER PT J AU Holstein, BR Donoghue, JF AF Holstein, BR Donoghue, JF TI Classical physics and quantum loops SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-RELATIVITY; POTENTIALS AB The standard picture of the loop expansion associates a factor of h with each loop, suggesting that the tree diagrams are to be associated with classical physics, while loop effects are quantum mechanical in nature. We discuss counterexamples wherein classical effects arise from loop diagrams and display the relationship between the classical terms and the long range effects of massless particles. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, LGRT, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Holstein, BR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, LGRT, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. OI Donoghue, John/0000-0001-7282-5894 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 201602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.201602 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800010 PM 15600910 ER PT J AU Kim, KH Harrison, N Amitsuka, H Jorge, GA Jaime, M Mydosh, JA AF Kim, KH Harrison, N Amitsuka, H Jorge, GA Jaime, M Mydosh, JA TI Nexus between quantum criticality and phase formation in U(Ru1-xRhx)(2)Si-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUNDS; HIDDEN ORDER; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; STATES; TRANSITION; ITINERANT; URU2SI2 AB Simplification of the magnetic field-versus-temperature phase diagram and quantum criticality in URu2Si2 dilutely doped with Rh are studied by measuring the magnetization and resistivity in magnetic fields of up to 45 T. For x=4%, the hidden order is completely destroyed, leaving a single field-induced phase II. A correlation between the field dependence of this phase and that of the quantum critical point, combined with the suppression of the T-2 coefficient of the resistivity within it, implicates field-tuned quantum criticality as an important factor in phase formation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Fester Stoffe, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RP Seoul Natl Univ, CSCMR, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RI Amitsuka, Hiroshi/K-8539-2012; Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 206402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.206402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800046 PM 15600946 ER PT J AU Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F AF Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F TI Structure of random foam SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COUNTEREXAMPLE; CONJECTURE; POLYHEDRA; BUBBLES; GRAIN; CELLS AB The Surface Evolver was used to compute the equilibrium microstructure of dry soap foams with random structure and a wide range of cell-size distributions. Topological and geometric properties of foams and individual cells were evaluated. The theory for isotropic Plateau polyhedra describes the dependence of cell geometric properties on their volume and number of faces. The surface area of all cells is about 10% greater than a sphere of equal volume; this leads to a simple but accurate theory for the surface free energy density of foam. A novel parameter based on the surface-volume mean bubble radius R-32 is used to characterize foam polydispersity. The foam energy, total cell edge length, and average number of faces per cell all decrease with increasing polydispersity. Pentagonal faces are the most common in monodisperse foam but quadrilaterals take over in highly polydisperse structures. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. RP Kraynik, AM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114 MS0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM amkrayn@sandia.gov NR 26 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 208301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.208301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800078 PM 15600978 ER PT J AU Li, YW Montano, PA Mitchell, JF Barbiellini, B Mijnarends, PE Kaprzyk, S Bansil, A AF Li, YW Montano, PA Mitchell, JF Barbiellini, B Mijnarends, PE Kaprzyk, S Bansil, A TI Temperature-dependent orbital degree of freedom of a bilayer manganite by magnetic Compton scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LA2-2XSR1+2XMN2O7; OXIDES; LA1.2SR1.8MN2O7; LASR2MN2O7 AB We have measured temperature-dependent magnetic Compton profiles (MCPs) from a single crystal of La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7. The MCPs, which involved the scattering of circularly polarized x rays, are in general related to the momentum density of all the unpaired spins in the system. Nevertheless, we show that when the x-ray scattering vector lies along the [110] direction, the number of magnetic electrons of a specific symmetry, i.e., d electrons of x(2)-y(2) symmetry, yield a distinct signature in the MCP, allowing us to monitor substantial changes in the occupancy of the d(x)(2)-y(2) states over the investigated temperature range of 5-200 K. This study indicates that magnetic Compton scattering can provide a powerful window on the properties of specific magnetic electrons in complex materials. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Delft Univ Technol, Interfac Reactor Inst, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Li, YW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RI Barbiellini, Bernardo/K-3619-2015 OI Barbiellini, Bernardo/0000-0002-3309-1362 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 207206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.207206 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800066 PM 15600966 ER PT J AU Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D Jasinski, J O'Keefe, MA AF Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D Jasinski, J O'Keefe, MA TI Atomic structure of defects in GaN : Mg grown with Ga polarity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOPED GAN AB The atomic structure of characteristic defects (Mg-rich hexagonal pyramids and truncated pyramids) in GaN:Mg thin films grown with Ga polarity was determined at atomic resolution by reconstruction of the scattered electron wave in a transmission electron microscope. Small cavities within the defects have inside walls covered by GaN of reverse polarity. We propose that lateral overgrowth of the cavities restores matrix polarity on the defect base. From matrix to defect, exchange of Ga and N sublattices leads to a 0.6+/-0.2 Angstrom displacement of Ga sublattices. We observe a [1 (1) under bar 00]/3 shift from matrix AB stacking to BC stacking for the entire pyramid. Electron energy loss spectroscopy detected changes in N edge and presence of oxygen on the defect walls. Our results explain commonly observed decrease of acceptor concentration in heavily doped GaN:Mg. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 206102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.206102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800042 PM 15600942 ER PT J AU Woodruff, S Stallard, BW McLean, HS Hooper, EB Bulmer, R Cohen, BI Hill, DN Holcomb, CT Moller, J Wood, RD AF Woodruff, S Stallard, BW McLean, HS Hooper, EB Bulmer, R Cohen, BI Hill, DN Holcomb, CT Moller, J Wood, RD TI Increasing the magnetic helicity content of a plasma by pulsing a magnetized source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPHEROMAK PLASMA; CURRENT DRIVE; RECONNECTION; INJECTION; BALANCE AB By operating a magnetized coaxial gun in a pulsed mode it is possible to produce large voltage pulses of duration similar to500 mus while reaching a few kV, giving a discrete input of helicity into a spheromak. In the sustained spheromak physics experiment (SSPX), it is observed that pulsing serves to nearly double the stored magnetic energy and double the temperature. We discuss these results by comparison with 3D MHD simulations of the same phenomenon. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Woodruff, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 20 AR 205002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.205002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870PB UT WOS:000225068800033 PM 15600933 ER PT J AU Uchic, MD Dimiduk, DM Florando, JN Nix, WD AF Uchic, MD Dimiduk, DM Florando, JN Nix, WD TI Oxide surface films on metal crystals - Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Uchic, MD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5699 BP 1134 EP 1135 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 872FM UT WOS:000225193100024 ER PT J AU Townsend, D Lahankar, SA Lee, SK Chambreau, SD Suits, AG Zhang, X Rheinecker, J Harding, LB Bowman, JM AF Townsend, D Lahankar, SA Lee, SK Chambreau, SD Suits, AG Zhang, X Rheinecker, J Harding, LB Bowman, JM TI The roaming atom: Straying from the reaction path in formaldehyde decomposition SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-STATE CORRELATIONS; PHOTOFRAGMENTATION DYNAMICS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DISSOCIATION; H2CO->H-2+CO AB We present a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of formaldehyde (H2CO) dissociation to H-2 and CO at energies just above the threshold for competing H elimination. High-resolution state-resolved imaging measurements of the CO velocity distributions reveal two dissociation pathways. The first proceeds through a well-established transition state to produce rotationally excited CO and vibrationally cold H-2. The second dissociation pathway yields rotationally cold CO in conjunction with highly vibrationally excited H-2. Quasi-classical trajectory calculations performed on a global potential energy surface for H2CO suggest that this second channel represents an intramolecular hydrogen abstraction mechanism: One hydrogen atom explores large regions of the potential energy surface before bonding with the second H atom, bypassing the saddle point entirely. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Cherry L Emerson Ctr Sci Computat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Suits, AG (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM asuits@wayne.edu; jmbowma@emory.edu RI Townsend, Dave/K-3461-2015 NR 21 TC 296 Z9 298 U1 14 U2 113 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 12 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5699 BP 1158 EP 1161 DI 10.1126/science.1104386 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 872FM UT WOS:000225193100040 PM 15498970 ER PT J AU Bell, P Aguirre, F Grant, ER Pratt, ST AF Bell, P Aguirre, F Grant, ER Pratt, ST TI State-selective production of vibrationally excited NO2+ by double-resonant photoionization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL DOUBLE-RESONANCE; STRETCH FERMI RESONANCE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ROVIBRONIC INTERACTIONS; FORMALDEHYDE CATION; COLLISION ENERGY; RYDBERG STATE; ION CHEMISTRY; NITRIC-ACID; IONIZATION AB Two-color, two-photon resonant, three-photon ionization, and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy are combined to characterize the photoionization dynamics of the 3psigma (2)Sigma(u)(+) electronic state of NO2. Direct photoionization of selected vibrational levels of the NO2 3psigma (2)Sigma(u)(+) state shows a strong propensity to preserve the vibrational quantum numbers of the intermediate state. Efficient methods for producing NO2+ X (1)Sigma(u)(+) (000), (010), (100), and (001) with over 95% purity are discussed. This approach is expected to be applicable u to the study of the mode dependence of the effects of vibrational excitation in ion-molecule reactions involving NO2+. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pratt, ST (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 9645 EP 9651 DI 10.1021/jp0400364 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 869ON UT WOS:000224994000004 ER PT J AU Parsons, BF Chandler, DW Sklute, EC Li, SL Wade, EA AF Parsons, BF Chandler, DW Sklute, EC Li, SL Wade, EA TI Photodissociation dynamics of ArNO clusters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CENTER-DOT-NO; CROSS-SECTION; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; WAALS COMPLEXES; STATE; VAN; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; PHOTOFRAGMENTATION AB We have investigated the dissociation dynamics of the ArNO van der Waals molecule near 225 nm. This photon energy excites ArNO as much as 400 cm(-1) above the photodissociation threshold, producing Ar + NO(A (2)Sigma(+), v=0,N=0-12). In the first series of experiments, we deduce the population of rotational levels produced in NO(A) during photodissociation of ArNO with resonance enhanced multiphoton spectroscopy (REMPI) through the E-state. The rotational state distributions show anomalous nonstatistical behavior peaking near high N states. This behavior is consistent with the rotational rainbow effects observed by others with the maximum rotational quantum number proportional to the square root of the available energy. In the second experiments, 225 nm photons sequentially dissociate ArNO and then nonresonantly ionize the NO(A) products, which we observe using velocity-mapped ion imaging. The ion images display rings corresponding to the production of different rotational states of NO(A) during dissociation. We measure the appearance threshold for products from dissociation of ArNO to produce NO(A,N=O) as 44291 +/- 2 cm(-1). Finally, we observe the contribution of hot bands to the rotational state distribution. C1 Mills Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Oakland, CA 94613 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chandler, DW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 9742 EP 9749 DI 10.1021/jp047433z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 869ON UT WOS:000224994000015 ER PT J AU Meloni, G Sheehan, SM Ferguson, MJ Neumark, DM AF Meloni, G Sheehan, SM Ferguson, MJ Neumark, DM TI Negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of SiN SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE; AB-INITIO; SPECTRUM; STATE; PHOTODETACHMENT; TRANSITION; SYSTEM; CN AB Negative ion photoelectron spectra of SiN- have been recorded using the 355 nm (3.493 eV) and 266 nm (4.661 eV) photodetachment wavelengths. The spectra exhibit resolved vibrational features corresponding to transitions to the X (2)Sigma(+) and A (2)Pi states of SiN. Franck-Condon analyses yield the first experimental spectroscopic parameters, r(e), and (omega(e) for the anion ground state, X (1)Sigma(+). We also determined the first experimental adiabatic electron affinity as 2.949 +/- 0.008 eV. The anion dissociation energy D-0(SiN-) is then obtained from the electron affinities of Si and SiN and the dissociation energy of the neutral. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 9750 EP 9754 DI 10.1021/jp047910d PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 869ON UT WOS:000224994000016 ER PT J AU Ruscic, B Pinzon, RE Morton, ML von Laszevski, G Bittner, SJ Nijsure, SG Amin, KA Minkoff, M Wagner, AF AF Ruscic, B Pinzon, RE Morton, ML von Laszevski, G Bittner, SJ Nijsure, SG Amin, KA Minkoff, M Wagner, AF TI Introduction to active thermochemical tables: Several "key" enthalpies of formation revisited SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Review ID ROTATIONALLY RESOLVED PHOTOIONIZATION; RESOLUTION PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PAIR PRODUCTION SPECTROSCOPY; VACUUM-UV REGION; DISSOCIATION-ENERGY; ELECTRON-AFFINITY; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; IONIZATION-ENERGY; LASER PHOTODETACHMENT; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM AB The concept behind active thermochemical tables (ATcT) is presented. As opposed to traditional sequential thermochernistry, ATcT provides reliable, accurate, and internally consistent thermochemistry by utilizing the thermochemical network (TN) approach. This involves, inter alia, a statistical analysis of thermochemically relevant determinations that define the TN, made possible by redundancies in the TN, such as competing measurements and alternate network pathways that interrelate the various chemical species. The statistical analysis produces a self-consistent TN, from which the optimal thermochemical values are obtained by simultaneous solution in error-weighted space, thus allowing optimal use of all of the knowledge present in the TN. ATcT offers a number of additional features that are not present nor possible in the traditional approach. With ATcT, new knowledge can be painlessly propagated through all affected thermochemical values. ATcT also allows hypothesis testing and evaluation, as well as discovery of weak links in the TN. The latter provides pointers to new experimental or theoretical determinations that will most efficiently improve the underlying thermochemical body of knowledge. The ATcT approach is illustrated by providing improved thermochernistry for several key thermochemical species. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ruscic, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ruscic@anl.gov RI Ruscic, Branko/A-8716-2008 OI Ruscic, Branko/0000-0002-4372-6990 NR 167 TC 248 Z9 248 U1 4 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 9979 EP 9997 DI 10.1021/jp047912y PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 869ON UT WOS:000224994000044 ER PT J AU Gregg, BA AF Gregg, BA TI Toward a unified treatment of electronic processes in organic semiconductors SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID CRYSTAL PERYLENE DIIMIDE; CONJUGATED POLYMER-FILMS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; MONTE-CARLO; SOLAR-CELLS; CONDUCTIVITY; PHTHALOCYANINE; COSUBLIMATION AB A quantitative study of n-type doping in highly crystalline organic semiconductor films establishes the predominant influence of electrostatic forces in these low-dielectric materials. On the basis of these findings, a self-consistent model of doped (purposely or not) organic semiconductors is proposed in which the equilibrium free carrier density, n(f), is a small fraction of the total charge density, a superlinear increase in conductivity with doping density is universal, n(f) increases with applied electric field, and the carrier mobility is field dependent regardless of crystallinity. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM brian_gregg@nrel.gov NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 17285 EP 17289 DI 10.1021/jp045940a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 869OM UT WOS:000224993900005 ER PT J AU Chen, SG Branz, HM Eaton, SS Taylor, PC Cormier, RA Gregg, BA AF Chen, SG Branz, HM Eaton, SS Taylor, PC Cormier, RA Gregg, BA TI Substitutional n-type doping of an organic semiconductor investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL PERYLENE DIIMIDE; SOLAR-CELLS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; THIN-FILMS; PHTHALOCYANINE; CONDUCTIVITY; SOLIDS; METAL AB Doping a perylene diimide organic semiconductor with a one-electron reduced perylene diimide containing a covalently bound counterion provides a well-characterized system for understanding doping in organic semiconductors. We obtain insight into the doping process by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of the dopant solutions, the dopant plus host solutions from which thin films are spin-coated, and the resulting solid films. After correction for some trace impurities in the solutions, the spin density incorporated into the solid films is linearly proportional to the added dopant density. Nevertheless, the film conductivity increases superlinearly with dopant concentration. Although neither pure dopant nor host aggregate in solution, they aggregate when combined. This is presumably a result of the delocalization of the dopant electron over a number of host molecules. Angle-dependent EPR measurements on thin films suggest that the g-tensor symmetry axis is close to the pi-pi stacking axis, consistent with relatively delocalized electrons in this crystal direction. Nevertheless, most electrons are not entirely free, but still bound in the vicinity of the dopant cation by Coulomb attraction. At low concentration, dopants appear to segregate primarily to crystallite grain boundaries, while at higher concentration they are incorporated into the bulk of the crystallites. About half of the spins are paired in the solid at room temperature, and more at lower temperature. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Denver, Dept Chem & Biochem, Denver, CO 80208 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Metropolitan State Coll, Dept Chem, Denver, CO 80204 USA. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM brian_gregg@nrel.gov OI Eaton, Sandra S/0000-0002-2731-7986 NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 17329 EP 17336 DI 10.1021/jp049628c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 869OM UT WOS:000224993900012 ER PT J AU Wang, W Gu, BH Liang, LY Hamilton, WA AF Wang, W Gu, BH Liang, LY Hamilton, WA TI Adsorption and structural arrangement of cetyltrimethylammonium cations at the silica nanoparticle-water interface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SURFACTANT ADSORPTION; BROMIDE; ADSOLUBILIZATION; PARTICLES; CHARGE; LAYER; 1,2-DIPALMITOYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE; COADSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIZATION AB Although the sorption of cetyltrimethylammonium ion (CTA(+)) on silica NOD surfaces has been studied extensively, little is known about the interactions between large surfactant molecules and nanosized colloidal particles with a high specific surface area. The aim of the study was to understand the effects of structural arrangements of sorbed CTA(+) ions on the stability and surface properties of SiO2 nanoparticles. The extent of the effect of CTA(+) sorption on the aggregation behavior of the SiO2 nanoparticle suspension was investigated with the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Both the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopic techniques were used to probe the sorbed layers of CTA(+) on silica surfaces. Results indicate that, at a low surface coverage (less than a monolayer), CTA(+) molecules were strongly bound to the SiO2 surface via their trimethylammonium headgroups. A bilayer sorption of CTA(+) was observed at a high surface coverage, and the sorption is attributed to the hydrophobic interactions between aliphatic tails of CTA(+). Sorption of CTA(+) at a low surface coverage also caused the destabilization of the SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion as a result of surface charge neutralization, but redispersion and surface charge reversal of SiO2 colloids occurred at a high surface coverage. The present study thus confirms the adsorption mechanism of the reverse orientation model and contributes to a better understanding of the sorption and structural arrangements of sorbed surfactants at the SiO2 nanoparticle-water interface. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Cardiff Univ, Sch Engn, Cardiff CF24 0YF, S Glam, Wales. RP Wang, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangw@ornl.gov RI Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324 NR 44 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 45 BP 17477 EP 17483 DI 10.1021/jp048325f PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 869OM UT WOS:000224993900031 ER PT J AU Oelgoetz, J Pradhan, AK AF Oelgoetz, J Pradhan, AK TI The 6.7-keV K alpha complex of He-like iron in transient plasmas SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; line : profiles; galaxies : Seyfert; X-rays : galaxies ID HELIUM-LIKE IONS; ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; X-RAY-SPECTRUM; DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HEATED TOKAMAK PLASMAS; HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; LINE-INTENSITIES; CROSS-SECTIONS; FE-XXV AB Time-dependent numerical simulations of the K complex of Fe XXV are carried out as a function of temperature-density-radiation field variations in high-temperature astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. In addition to several well-known features, the transient and steady-state spectra reveal the effects due to (a) time-dependent thermal and non-thermal radiation fields, (b) photo- and collisional excitation and ionization, and (c) high densities, on the 'quartet' of principal w, x, y, z lines, and dielectronic satellites. The highly detailed models show precisely how, assuming a temporal-temperature correlation, the X-ray intensity varies between 6.6 and 6.7 keV and undergoes a 'spectral inversion' in the w and z line intensities, characterizing an ionization- or a recombination-dominated plasma. The dielectronic satellite intensities are the most temperature-dependent features, but insensitive to density variations, and significantly contribute to the K complex for T < 6.7 keV leading to asymmetric profiles. The 6.7-keV K complex should be a potential diagnostic of X-ray flares in active galactic nuclei, afterglows in gamma-ray bursts, and other non-equilibrium sources with the high-resolution measurements possible from the upcoming mission Astro-E2. It is also shown that high electron densities attenuate the line intensities in simulations relevant to laboratory plasmas, such as in inertial confinement fusion, laser, or magnetic Z-pinch devices. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, GRA Program, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Oelgoetz, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, GRA Program, X-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM oelgoetz.1@osu.edu NR 53 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 354 IS 4 BP 1093 EP 1102 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08269.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 868OJ UT WOS:000224922600016 ER PT J AU Rimjaem, S Farias, R Thongbai, C Vilaithong, T Wiedemann, H AF Rimjaem, S Farias, R Thongbai, C Vilaithong, T Wiedemann, H TI Femtosecond electron bunches from an RF-gun SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE fs electron pulses; fs X-ray pulses; far infrared radiation; electron source; RF-gun ID COHERENT SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; PULSES; DIFFRACTION AB Sub-picosecond electron-pulses become a tool of increasing importance to study dynamics at an atomic level. Such electron pulses can be used directly or be converted into intense coherent far infrared radiation or equally short X-ray pulses. In principle, sub-picosecond electron pulses can be obtained in large, high-energy electron linear accelerator systems by repeatedly applying an energy slew and magnetic compression. Another process is the production of short electron pulses at low energies from an RF-gun with a thermionic cathode together with a bunch compressing alpha-magnet. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of capabilities and limits of sub-picosecond electron pulses from such a source. We discuss particular parameter choices as well as the impact of geometric and electric specifications on the 6-dimensional phase space electron distribution. Numerical beam simulations with the computer code PARMELA are performed including effects and limitations due to space charge forces. While the production of femtosecond electron bunches is of primary concern, we also consider the preservation of such short bunches along a beam transport line. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Phys, Fast Neutron Res Facil, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand. Lab Natl Luz Sincrotron, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Stanford Univ, SLAC, SSRL, Stanford, CA USA. RP Rimjaem, S (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Phys, Fast Neutron Res Facil, POB 217, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand. EM neung@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 533 IS 3 BP 258 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.135 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 869PJ UT WOS:000224996200003 ER PT J AU Gao, J AF Gao, J TI Emittance growth and beam lifetime limitations due to beam-beam effects in e(+)e(-) storage ring colliders SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE storage ring colliders; beam-beam effects AB In this paper we give analytical expressions for the maximum beam-beam parameter and related beam-beam limited beam lifetime in e(+)e(-) storage ring colliders. The performances of some existing or existed machines are analyzed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, IN2P3, F-91898 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 11, F-91898 Orsay, France. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94039 USA. RP Gao, J (reprint author), CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, IN2P3, BP 34, F-91898 Orsay, France. EM gao@lal.in2p3.fr NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 533 IS 3 BP 270 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.137 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 869PJ UT WOS:000224996200004 ER PT J AU Cooper, JR Bernstein, L McMahon, MA Powell, J Wutte, D Ahle, L Benczer-Koller, N Dashdorj, D Kumbartzki, G Mertzimekis, TJ Schiller, A Silver, C Taylor, MJ AF Cooper, JR Bernstein, L McMahon, MA Powell, J Wutte, D Ahle, L Benczer-Koller, N Dashdorj, D Kumbartzki, G Mertzimekis, TJ Schiller, A Silver, C Taylor, MJ TI Production of a Kr-76 radioactive ion beam using a batch mode method SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE radioactive heavy ion beam; Kr-76; Se-74; batch mode; Re-cyclotron; gas transfer system AB A batch mode process has been developed to produce a Kr-76 (T-1/2 = 14.8 h) radioactive ion beam at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-in. Cyclotron. First, a 6 particle muA alpha beam is run for 17 h to produce approximately 10(14) Kr-76 atoms via the reaction Se-74(alpha, 2n)Kr-76. Then, the krypton is separated from the target material and injected into the AECR-U ion source. Beam intensities as high as 3 x 10(8) particles per second are observed with an integrated beam current of 6(2) x 10(11) particles per 24-h batch cycle. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Brighton, Brighton BN2 4AT, E Sussex, England. RP Cooper, JR (reprint author), 234 Clark Dr, Circleville, OH 43113 USA. EM coops_jrc@yahoo.com RI Taylor, Michael/N-1725-2015 OI Taylor, Michael/0000-0002-8718-3684 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 533 IS 3 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.151 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 869PJ UT WOS:000224996200007 ER PT J AU Grinstein, B Ligeti, Z AF Grinstein, B Ligeti, Z TI Heavy quark symmetry in B -> D((*))l(nu)over-bar spectra (vol 526, pg 345, 2004) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grinstein, B (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM zligeti@lbl.gov RI Grinstein, Benjamin/H-5777-2015 OI Grinstein, Benjamin/0000-0003-2447-4756 NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 3-4 BP 236 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.09.060 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 868PV UT WOS:000224926400018 ER PT J AU Westcott, SA Marder, TB Baker, RT Harlow, RL Calabrese, JC Lam, KC Lin, ZY AF Westcott, SA Marder, TB Baker, RT Harlow, RL Calabrese, JC Lam, KC Lin, ZY TI Reactions of hydroborating reagents with phosphinorhodium hydride complexes: molecular structures of a Rh2B3 metallaborane cluster, an L2Rh(eta(2)-H2BR2) complex and a mixed valence Rh dimer containing a semi-bridging Bcat (cat=1,2-O2C6H4) group SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE rhodium hydrides; bridging boryls; catalyzed hydroborations ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; CATALYZED HYDROBORATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXIDATIVE ADDITION; BORYL COMPLEXES; X-RAY; RHODIUM; BORON; REACTIVITY; ALKENES AB The formation of products derived from competing reactions in Rh-catalyzed alkene hydroborations prompted us to study in situ interactions of several hydroborating reagents with unsaturated phosphinorhodium complexes. The reaction of [Rh(mu-H)(DiPPE)](2) (1) with borane-dimethylsulfide gave several rhodium-boron containing products including the structurally characterized metallaborane [RhH(DiPPE)](2)B3H7 (2) [DiPPE = 1,2-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ethane]. Addition of thexylborane and 9-H-BBN dimers, containing alkyl groups, to 1 gave the corresponding mononuclear substituted borohydride complexes Rh(eta(2)-H2BRR')(DiPPE) (4: R=H, R' = C(CH3)(2)CH(CH3)(2); 5: R,R'=bicyclo-[3.3.1]-nonane [C8H14]). The analogous monodentate phosphine complex Rh(eta(2)- H2BC8H14)(PPr'(3))(2) (6) was isolated and structurally characterized. Addition of catecholborane (HBcat; cat = 1,2-O2C6H4) to 1 gave the unusual dinuclear species Rh(DiPPE)(mu-H)(2)(mu-Bcat)RhH(DiPPE) (7) containing a semi-bridging Beat group, confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and zwitterionic Rh(eta(6) -catBcat)(DiPPE) (8). Implications for rhodium-catalyzed hydroborations are addressed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Mt Allison Univ, Dept Chem, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada. Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. DuPont Co Inc, Expt Stn, Cent Res & Dev, Sci & Engn Labs, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Mol Technol Drug Discovery & Synthesis, Dept Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Mol Technol Drug Discovery & Synthesis, Open Lab Chirotechnol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Westcott, SA (reprint author), Mt Allison Univ, Dept Chem, 63C York St, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada. EM swestcott@mta.ca OI Lin, Zhenyang/0000-0003-4104-8767 NR 60 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2665 EP 2677 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2004.05.012 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 877VT UT WOS:000225603100011 ER PT J AU Inyushin, S Shafir, A Sheats, JE Minihane, M Whitten, CE Arnold, J AF Inyushin, S Shafir, A Sheats, JE Minihane, M Whitten, CE Arnold, J TI Synthesis and X-ray structures of metallocenium diamines of iron and cobalt SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE metallocene; ferrocenium; cobaltocenium; crystal structure ID METAL COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ZIRCONIUM COMPLEXES; COBALTICINIUM SALTS; LIGANDS; 1,1'-DIAMINOFERROCENE; DERIVATIVES; TI; FAMILY; ZR AB A detailed, reproducible synthesis of 1,1'-diaminocobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate is provided. The compound can be made on gram scales in several steps starting from 1,1'-dimethylcobaltocenium salts. The X-ray structures of 1,1'-diaminocobaltocenium hexalluorophosphate and a related 1,1'-diaminoferrocenium salt, are described. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rider Univ, Dept Chem, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Bowdoin Coll, Dept Chem, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arnold, J (reprint author), Rider Univ, Dept Chem, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. EM arnold@berkeley.edu RI Shafir, Alexandr/D-1676-2009; Arnold, John/F-3963-2012 OI Shafir, Alexandr/0000-0002-8127-2299; Arnold, John/0000-0001-9671-227X NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2937 EP 2942 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2004.08.012 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 877VT UT WOS:000225603100036 ER PT J AU Corkey, BK Taw, FL Bergman, RG Brookhart, M AF Corkey, BK Taw, FL Bergman, RG Brookhart, M TI Aromatic and aldehyde carbon-hydrogen bond activation at cationic Rh(III) centers. Evaluation of electronic substituent effects on aldehyde binding and C-H oxidative addition SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE C-H bond activation; rhodium(III); benzene activation; aldehyde activation ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC DEHYDROGENATION; SATURATED-HYDROCARBONS; INTERMOLECULAR ACTIVATION; ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION; SOLVENT PURIFICATION; IRIDIUM COMPLEXES; IR(III) COMPLEXES; MECHANISM; SYSTEM; ARENE AB Cationic rhodium methyl complexes, [Cp-*(PMe3)Rh(Me)(CH2Cl2)]BAr4' (1) and [Cp-*(P(OMe)(3))Rh(Me)(CH2Cl2)]BAr4' (3), react with benzene to yield the corresponding phenyl complexes, [Cp-*(PMe3)Rh(Ph)(CH2Cl2)]BAr4' (6) and [Cp-*(P(OMe)(3))Rh(Ph)(CH2Cl2)]BAr4' (7). First-order rate constants observed in 1.1 M benzene in CD2Cl2 at 25 degreesC are (2.1 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5) s(-1) and (1.9 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5) s(-1), respectively. Reactions of 1 and 3 with p-X-substituted benzaldehydes (X = -CF3, -CH3, and -OMe) initially produce the sigma-aldehyde adducts, [Cp-*(L)Rh(Me)(p-XC6H4CHO)]BAr4' (L = PMe3 (15), P(OMe)(3) (16)). Exchange of free with bound aldehyde occurs via a dissociative process and quantitative NMR rate measurements show that complexes of 1 exchange faster than those of 3 and that less basic aldehydes exchange faster than more basic aldehydes (p-CF3C6H4CHO > p-CH3C6H4CHO > p-CH3OC6H4CHO). The aldehyde adducts undergo C-H bond activation to produce initially methane plus acyl aldehyde adducts, [Cp-*(L)Rh(C(O)C6H4X)(p - XC6H4CHO)]BAr4' (L = PMe3 (17), P(OMe)(3) (18)). Rates of C-H activation are correlated with aldehyde exchange rates; activation barriers of weakly bound aldehydes are lower than more strongly bound aldehydes. In the case of L = PMe3, decarbonylation of the aldehyde adducts occurs cleanly to form aryl carbonyl complexes, [Cp-*(PMe3)Rh(C6H4X)(CO)]BAr4'. For L = P(OMe)(3), decarbonylation is a more complicated process; some intermediates and products have been identified by NMR spectroscopy. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Chem, POB 1663,Mailstop J514, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM ftaw@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2943 EP 2954 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2004.09.005 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 877VT UT WOS:000225603100037 ER PT J AU Tortora, PR Ceccio, SL Trujillo, SM O'Hern, TJ Shollenberger, KA AF Tortora, PR Ceccio, SL Trujillo, SM O'Hern, TJ Shollenberger, KA TI Capacitance measurements of solid concentration in gas-solid flows SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the AIChE CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL Indianapolis, IN SP AIChE DE capacitance measurements; gas-solid flows; solid concentration ID ELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY AB Several methods of solid concentration measurement were implemented in a gas-solid multiphase flow to validate an electrically based solid concentration measurement device called a bulk impedance ring. Spatially averaged gamma-densitometry tomography and differential pressure measurements are compared and contrasted with the electrically based method. Experiments were performed on the riser of a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed at Sandia National Laboratories, which circulates equilibrium fluid catalytic cracking particles with air. It was found that the mixture model used to convert the electrical impedance obtained by the bulk impedance ring to solid concentration must be applied carefully. Use of the Maxwell-Hewitt relation requires that the continuous and dispersed phases in the multiphase flow be identified correctly for the mixture model to work. Temporally averaged solid concentrations obtained from gamma-densitometry tomography and differential pressure measurements agree with solid concentrations obtained from the bulk impedance ring. Temporally resolved data from the bulk impedance ring and differential pressure measurements show good correlation. These results have validated the bulk impedance ring and show the feasibility of building a multiple-electrode electrical-iinpedance tomography system. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tortora, PR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM prtorto@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD NOV 11 PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2-3 BP 92 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.09.002 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 884BT UT WOS:000226060300003 ER PT J AU Kjornrattanawanich, B Bajt, SA AF Kjornrattanawanich, B Bajt, SA TI Structural characterization and lifetime stability of Mo/Y extreme-ultraviolet multilayer mirrors SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We have observed a dramatic dependence of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) reflectivity of Mo/Y multilayers on the oxygen content of yttrium. This is explained as being due to a change in the microstructure and an increase in roughness of the yttrium layers and not just to an increase in absorption owing to the amount of oxygen within the yttrium layers. We found that the best reflectivity of 38.4% was achieved with an oxygen content of 25%, which was reduced to 32.6% and 29.6% for multilayers manufactured from oxygen-free yttrium and 39%-oxygen yttrium, respectively. These results highlight the importance of including experimentally determined optical constants as well as interface roughness in multilayer calculations. In addition, the lifetime stability of Mo/Y multilayers with different capping layers was monitored for 1 year. The molybdenum- and palladium-capped samples exhibited low surface roughness and similar to4% relative reflectivity loss in 1 year. The relative reflectivity loss of the yttrium-capped sample (yttrium with 39% oxygen) was similar to8%. However, the reflectivity loss in all three capping layers occurred within the first 100 days after the deposition, and the reflectivity remained stable afterward. C1 Univ Space Res Assoc, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Beamline X24C, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kjornrattanawanich, B (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Beamline X24C, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM benjawan@bnl.gov RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 32 BP 5955 EP 5962 DI 10.1364/AO.43.005955 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 871OV UT WOS:000225144000006 PM 15587723 ER PT J AU Murray, SD Lin, DNC AF Murray, SD Lin, DNC TI Energy dissipation in multiphase infalling clouds in galaxy halos SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : formation; galaxies : halos; galaxies : ISM ID HIGH-VELOCITY CLOUDS; COLD DARK-MATTER; X-RAY-EMISSION; PROTOGALACTIC CLOUDS; THERMAL-INSTABILITY; ALPHA CLOUDS; EVOLUTION; CLUSTERS AB During the epoch of large galaxy formation, thermal instability leads to the formation of a population of cool fragments that are embedded within a background of tenuous hot gas. The hot gas attains a quasi-hydrostatic equilibrium. Although the cool clouds are pressure confined by the hot gas, they fall into the galactic potential, and their motion is subject to drag from the hot gas. The release of gravitational energy due to the infall of the cool clouds is first converted into their kinetic energy and is subsequently dissipated as heat. The cool clouds therefore represent a potentially significant energy source for the background hot gas, depending on the ratio of thermal energy deposited within the clouds versus the hot gas. In this paper, we show that most of the dissipated energy is deposited in the tenuous hot halo gas, providing a source of internal energy to replenish losses in the hot gas through bremsstrahlung emission and conduction into the cool clouds. The heating from the motion of the cool clouds allows the multiphase structure of the interstellar medium to be maintained. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Murray, SD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-22,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Murray, Stephen/I-8685-2016 OI Murray, Stephen/0000-0001-5597-090X NR 27 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 2 BP 586 EP 594 DI 10.1086/424658 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870GT UT WOS:000225046300002 ER PT J AU Huterer, D Kim, A Krauss, LM Broderick, T AF Huterer, D Kim, A Krauss, LM Broderick, T TI Redshift accuracy requirements for future supernova and number count surveys SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology : theory; large-scale structure of universe; supernovae : general ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEYS; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; DARK ENERGY; POWER SPECTRUM; CONSTRAINTS; UNIVERSE; CONSTANT; EVOLUTION AB We investigate the redshift accuracy of Type Ia supernova and cluster number count surveys required for the redshift uncertainties not to contribute appreciably to the dark energy parameter error budget. For the Supernova/ Acceleration Probe experiment, we find that without the assistance of ground-based measurements individual supernova redshifts would need to be determined to about 0.002 or better, a challenging but feasible requirement for a low-resolution spectrograph. However, we find that accurate redshifts for z < 0.1 supernovae obtained with ground-based experiments are sufficient to protect the results against even relatively large redshift errors at high z. For the future cluster number count surveys such as with the South Pole Telescope, Planck, or DUET, we find that the purely statistical error in the photometric redshift is less important and that the irreducible systematic bias in redshift drives the requirements. The redshift bias must be kept below 0.001 - 0.005 per redshift bin ( which is determined by the filter set), depending on the sky coverage and details of the definition of the minimal mass of the survey. Furthermore, we find that X-ray surveys have a more stringent required redshift accuracy than Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect surveys since they use a shorter lever arm in redshift; conversely, SZ surveys benefit from their high-redshift reach only as long as some redshift information is available for distant (z&GSIM;1) clusters. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Laurel High Sch, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Huterer, D (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 49 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 2 BP 595 EP 602 DI 10.1086/424726 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870GT UT WOS:000225046300003 ER PT J AU Hwang, U Laming, JM Badenes, C Berendse, F Blondin, J Cioffi, D DeLaney, T Dewey, D Fesen, R Flanagan, KA Fryer, CL Ghavamian, P Hughes, JP Morse, JA Plucinsky, PP Petre, R Pohl, M Rudnick, L Sankrit, R Slane, PO Smith, RK Vink, J Warren, JS AF Hwang, U Laming, JM Badenes, C Berendse, F Blondin, J Cioffi, D DeLaney, T Dewey, D Fesen, R Flanagan, KA Fryer, CL Ghavamian, P Hughes, JP Morse, JA Plucinsky, PP Petre, R Pohl, M Rudnick, L Sankrit, R Slane, PO Smith, RK Vink, J Warren, JS TI A million second Chandra view of Cassiopeia A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernova remnants; supernovae : general; X-rays : individual (Cassiopeia A); X-rays : ISM ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; X-RAY; CAS-A; EXPANSION; COLLAPSE; EJECTA; CORE; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PROGENITORS; SUPERNOVAE AB We introduce a million second observation of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. The bipolar structure of the Si-rich ejecta (northeast jet and southwest counterpart) is clearly evident in the new images, and their chemical similarity is confirmed by their spectra. These are most likely due to jets of ejecta as opposed to cavities in the circumstellar medium, since we can reject simple models for the latter. The properties of these jets and the Fe-rich ejecta will provide clues to the explosion of Cas A. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. SRON, Natl Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Hwang, U (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM hwang@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; jlaming@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; badenes@ieec.fcr.es; fberendse@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; john_blondin@ncsu.edu; professor@cioffi.us; tdelaney@astro.umn.edu; dd@space.mit.edu; fesen@snr.dartmouth.edu; kaf@space.mit.edu; fryer@lanl.gov; parviz@pha.jhu.edu; jackph@physics.rutgers.edu; jon.morse@asu.edu; plucinsk@head.cfa.harvard.edu; rob@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; mkp@iastate.edu; larry@astro.umn.edu; ravi@pha.jhu.edu; slane@head.cfa.harvard.edu; rsmith@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; j.vink@sron.nl; jesawyer@physics.rutgers.edu NR 29 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 2 BP L117 EP L120 DI 10.1086/426186 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870GW UT WOS:000225046600014 ER PT J AU Smolcic, V Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lupton, RH Pavlovski, K Ilijic, S Schlegel, D Smith, JA McGehee, PM Silvestri, NM Hawley, SL Rockosi, C Gunn, JE Strauss, MA Fan, XH Eisenstein, D Harris, H AF Smolcic, V Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lupton, RH Pavlovski, K Ilijic, S Schlegel, D Smith, JA McGehee, PM Silvestri, NM Hawley, SL Rockosi, C Gunn, JE Strauss, MA Fan, XH Eisenstein, D Harris, H TI A second stellar color locus: A bridge from white dwarfs to M stars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries : general; Galaxy : stellar content; stars : statistics; white dwarfs ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 1ST DATA RELEASE; SYSTEM AB We report the discovery of a locus of binary stars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS) g-r versus u-g color- color diagram that connects the colors of white dwarfs and M dwarfs. While its contrast with respect to the main stellar locus is only similar to 1 : 2300, this previously unrecognized feature includes 863 stars from the SDSS Data Release 1 ( DR1). The position and shape of the feature are in good agreement with predictions of a simple binary star model that consists of a white dwarf and an M dwarf, with the components' luminosity ratio controlling the position along this binary system locus. SDSS DR1 spectra for 47 of these objects strongly support this model. The absolute magnitude - color distribution inferred for the white dwarf component is in good agreement with the models of Bergeron et al. C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. Inst Appl Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. RP Smolcic, V (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. OI Smith, J. Allyn/0000-0002-6261-4601 NR 19 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 2 BP L141 EP L144 DI 10.1086/426475 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870GW UT WOS:000225046600020 ER PT J AU Rengifo, F Saez, AE Ela, WP Quach, A Garbo, B Franks, C Zelinski, BJJ Birnie, DP Smith, HD Smith, GL AF Rengifo, F Saez, AE Ela, WP Quach, A Garbo, B Franks, C Zelinski, BJJ Birnie, DP Smith, HD Smith, GL TI Microstructure and leaching behavior of polymer composites for encapsulating toxic solid wastes SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY AB This work presents a water-based process for the manufacture of a polymeric waste form for the encapsulation of soluble toxic salts. The process is based on the elaboration of an aqueous emulsion in which polymeric precursors are mixed with the waste. Upon drying and curing, the emulsion inverts to form a waste form with mechanical integrity that stabilizes the toxic salt. The final polymer matrix is a mixture of an epoxy resin and poly(styrene butadiene) (PSB). Sodium nitrate was used as a model salt waste. The microstructure and composition of the samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy, osmium tetroxide staining, and salt extraction. The results show that the epoxy resin is dispersed in a continuous PSB phase, and the encapsulated salt is distributed throughout the matrix. Leaching tests were carried out by exposing sections of the waste forms to large volumes of well-stirred water. The measured time dependence of the leaching process is described quantitatively by a model based on the diffusion of the salt through the waste form. Effective diffusivities of the salt in the polymeric matrix ranged between 10(-8) and 10(-7) cm(2)/s. The results suggest that diffusion occurs through limited but significant continuous porosity. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Saez, AE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM esaez@engr.arizona.edu RI Saez, Avelino/K-1136-2016; OI Saez, Avelino/0000-0002-3548-6325; Birnie, Dunbar/0000-0001-6044-2300 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 23 BP 7492 EP 7499 DI 10.1021/ie049561f PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 869IW UT WOS:000224977600031 ER PT J AU Chylek, P Clodius, WB Bender, SC Atkins, WH Balick, LK AF Chylek, P Clodius, WB Bender, SC Atkins, WH Balick, LK TI Sensitivity of near infrared total water vapour estimate to calibration errors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION TECHNIQUE; RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTROMETER; PRECIPITABLE WATER; SPLIT-WINDOW; RETRIEVAL; AEROSOL; INSTRUMENT; LAND AB Analysis of satellite data to estimate the precipitable water (also called the columnar water vapour) amount often leads to systematic errors in deduced precipitable water (PW). The causes of systematic errors are likely to be instrumental calibration errors rather than variability of atmospheric parameters. We use the MODTRAN 4.0 radiative transfer code to model effects of various calibration errors on the Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI) daytime total water vapour estimate. From the considered sources of calibration errors (spectral band centre error, spectral bandwidth error and radiometric calibration error) the radiometric calibration error has the largest influence on the accuracy of total water vapour estimate. When the radiometric calibration error between 1% and 5% is combined with the estimated spectral band centre error of 1 nm and the bandwidth error of 0.5 nm, the total systematic error of the columnar water vapour estimate is expected to be between 8% and 26%. The accuracy of the retrieved PW using the MTI imagery over the NASA Stennis site and Oklahoma DOE (Department of Energy) ARM (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program) site is about 17%, well within the estimated range due to calibration errors. A similarity between the MTI and the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectral-Radiometer) bands used for water vapour estimate suggests that a similar error analysis may be valid for the MODIS sensor. However, the narrow band instruments (with bandwidth around 10 nm) are much more sensitive to the band centre calibration error. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chylek, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR-2,Mail Stop B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chylek@lanl.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 21 BP 4457 EP 4470 DI 10.1080/01431160412331269742 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 873ZY UT WOS:000225321900003 ER PT J AU Bozin, ES Petkov, V Barnes, PW Woodward, PM Vogt, T Mahanti, SD Billinge, SJL AF Bozin, ES Petkov, V Barnes, PW Woodward, PM Vogt, T Mahanti, SD Billinge, SJL TI Temperature dependent total scattering structural study of CaCu3Ti4O12 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop in Honor of Mike Thorpes 60th Birthday on Flexibility in Complex Materials: Glasses, Amorphous and Proteins CY AUG 07-10, 2004 CL St Adele, CANADA ID HIGH-DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; X-RAY; PROGRAM; PEROVSKITES; DIFFRACTION; TITANATE; PHASES AB X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data as a function of temperature are analysed for the colossal dielectric constant material CaCu3Ti4O12. The local structure is studied using atomic pair distribution function analysis. No evidence is found for enlarged oxygen or Ti displacement parameters suggesting that short range octahedral tilt disorder and off-centre Ti displacements are minimal. However, an unusual temperature dependence for the atomic displacement parameters of calcium and copper is observed. Temperature dependent modelling of the structure, using bond valence concepts, suggests that the calcium atoms become underbonded below approximately 260 K, which provides a rationale for the unusually high Ca displacement parameters at,low temperature. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Bozin, Emil/E-4679-2011; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 44 SI SI BP S5091 EP S5102 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/44/007 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 879IE UT WOS:000225708800008 ER PT J AU Serron, SA Aldridge, WS Fleming, CN Danell, RM Baik, MH Sykora, M Dattelbaum, DM Meyer, TJ AF Serron, SA Aldridge, WS Fleming, CN Danell, RM Baik, MH Sykora, M Dattelbaum, DM Meyer, TJ TI Evidence for through-space electron transfer in the distance dependence of normal and inverted electron transfer in oligoproline arrays SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MLCT EXCITED-STATES; POLY-L-PROLINE; AMINO-ACIDS; SOLVENT DEPENDENCE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; COMPLEXES; ENERGY; OLIGOPEPTIDES; POLYPEPTIDES; OSMIUM(II) AB Four new helical oligoproline assemblies containing 16, 17, 18, and 19 proline residues and ordered arrays of a Ru-II-bipyridyl chromophore and a phenothiazine electron-transfer donor have been synthesized in a modular fashion by solid-phase peptide synthesis. These arrays are illustrated and abbreviated as CH3CO-Pro(6)-Pra(PTZ)-Pro(n)-Pra(Ru(II)b(2)M)(2+)-Pro(6)-NH2, where PTZ is 3-(10H-phenothiazine-10)propanoyl and (Ru(II)b'M-2)(2+) is bis(4,4'-diethyl amide-2,2'-bipyridine) (4-methyl, 4'-carboxylate, 2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium(II) dication with n = 2 (2), 3 (3), 4 (4), and 5 (5). They contain PTZ as an electron-transfer donor and (Ru(II)b'M-2)(2+) as a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) light absorber and are separated by proline-to-proline through-space distances ranging from 0 (n = 2) to 12.9 Angstrom (n = 5) relative to the n = 2 case. They exist in the proline-II helix form in water, as shown by circular dichroism measurements. Following laser flash Ru-II --> b'(2)m MLCT excitation at 460 nm in water, excited-state PTZ --> Ru2+* quenching (k(2)) occurs by reductive electron transfer, followed by Ru+ --> PTZ(+) back electron transfer (k(3)), as shown by transient absorption and emission measurements in water at 25degreesC. Quenching with DeltaGdegrees = -0.1 eV is an activated process, while back electron transfer occurs in the inverted region, DeltaGdegrees = -1.8 eV, and is activationless, as shown by temperature dependence measurements. Coincidentally, both reactions have comparable distance dependences, with k(2) varying from = 1.9 x 10(9) (n = 2) to 2.2 x 10(6) s(-1) (n = 4) and k(3) from similar to2.0 x 10(9) (n = 2) to 2.2 x 10(6) s(-1) (n = 4). For both series there is a rate constant enhancement of similar to10 for n = 5 compared to n = 4 and a linear decrease in In k with the through-space separation distance, pointing to a significant and probably dominant through-space component to intrahelical electron transfer. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM tjmeyer@lanl.gov RI Baik, Mu-Hyun/K-7333-2015 NR 52 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 44 BP 14506 EP 14514 DI 10.1021/ja030659f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 869DV UT WOS:000224964500052 PM 15521771 ER PT J AU Smalley, JF Sachs, SB Chidsey, CED Dudek, SP Sikes, HD Creager, SE Yu, CJ Feldberg, SW Newton, MD AF Smalley, JF Sachs, SB Chidsey, CED Dudek, SP Sikes, HD Creager, SE Yu, CJ Feldberg, SW Newton, MD TI Interfacial electron-transfer kinetics of ferrocene through oligophenyleneethynylene bridges attached to gold electrodes as constituents of self-assembled monolayers: Observation of a nonmonotonic distance dependence SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID INDUCED TEMPERATURE-JUMP; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; NEGATIVE DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE; PHENYLENE ETHYNYLENE OLIGOMERS; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; REDOX CENTERS; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; CONJUGATED POLYMERS AB The standard heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants (k(n)(0)) between substrate gold electrodes and the ferrocene redox couple attached to the electrode surface by variable lengths of substituted or unsubstituted oligophenyleneethynylene (OPE) bridges as constituents of mixed self-assembled monolayers were measured as a function of temperature. The distance dependences of the unsubstituted OPE standard rate constants and of the preexponential factors (A(n)) obtained from an Arrhenius analysis of the unsubstituted OPE k(n)(0) versus temperature data are not monotonic. This surprising result, together with the distance dependence of the substituted OPE preexponential factors, may be assessed in terms of the likely conformational variability of the OPE bridges (as a result of the low intrinsic barrier to rotation of the phenylene rings in these bridges) and the associated sensitivity of the rate of electron transfer (and, hence, the single-molecule conductance which may be estimated using A(n)) through these bridges to the conformation of the bridge. Additionally, the measured standard rate constants were independent of the identity of the diluent component of the mixed monolayer, and using an unsaturated OPE diluent has no effect on the rate of electron transfer through a long-chain alkanethiol bridge. These observations indicate that the diluent does not participate in the electron-transfer event. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Motorola Life Sci, Pasadena, CA 91105 USA. RP Smalley, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM smalley@bnl.gov NR 104 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 7 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 44 BP 14620 EP 14630 DI 10.1021/ja047458b PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 869DV UT WOS:000224964500063 PM 15521782 ER PT J AU Plieger, PG John, KD Keizer, TS McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK Martint, RL AF Plieger, PG John, KD Keizer, TS McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK Martint, RL TI Predicting Be-9 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shielding tensors utilizing density functional theory SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO METHODS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; BERYLLIUM COMPOUNDS; X-RAY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; ACID AB The structures of a series of beryllium containing complexes have been optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level and their Be-9 magnetic shielding values have been determined using B3LYP/6-311G+g(2d,p) and the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) method. The calculated chemical shifts are in excellent agreement with experimental values. The performance of a variety of NMR methods (SGO, IGAIM, CSGT) were also examined but were found to be inferior to the GIAO method at the chosen level of theory employed. The theoretical method has been utilized to predict the beryllium chemical shifts of structurally characterized complexes for which no measured Be-9 NMR spectrum exists, and to investigate a literature complex with an unusual Be-9 NMR chemical shift. A new standard for beryllium NMR in nonaqueous solvents has been suggested. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP John, KD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kjohn@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; OI John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330; Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 NR 63 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 10 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 44 BP 14651 EP 14658 DI 10.1021/ja046712x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 869DV UT WOS:000224964500066 PM 15521785 ER PT J AU Park, B Lorenz, CD Chandross, M Stevens, MJ Grest, GS Borodin, OA AF Park, B Lorenz, CD Chandross, M Stevens, MJ Grest, GS Borodin, OA TI Frictional dynamics of fluorine-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID CF3-TERMINATED ALKANETHIOLS; CH3-TERMINATED FILMS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; CF3; MICROSCOPY; AU(111); CHAINS; GOLD AB The frictional dynamics of fluorine-terminated alkanethiol (S(CH2)(8)CF3) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations treat the interactions between two SAMs on flat surfaces. The structure and frictional behavior are investigated as a function of applied pressure (200 MPa to 1 GPa) for a shear velocity of 2 m/s and compared to methyl-terminated alkanethiol SAMs. The maximum adhesive pressure between the SAMs is 220 MPa for both end groups. In agreement with experiments on the molecular scale, the shear stress and the coefficient of friction for CF3-terminated alkanethiols are larger than for CH3-terminated alkanethiols. The main source for the difference is primarly the tighter packing of the fluorinated terminal group resulting in a higher degree of order. The molecular scale coefficient of friction is correlated with the degree of order among all the systems. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Borodin, Oleg/0000-0002-9428-5291 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 9 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 23 BP 10007 EP 10014 DI 10.1021/la0491091 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 869KK UT WOS:000224981600022 PM 15518487 ER PT J AU Mao, WL Shen, GY Prakapenka, VB Meng, Y Campbell, AJ Heinz, DL Shu, JF Hemley, RJ Mao, HK AF Mao, WL Shen, GY Prakapenka, VB Meng, Y Campbell, AJ Heinz, DL Shu, JF Hemley, RJ Mao, HK TI Ferromagnesian postperovskite silicates in the D '' layer of the Earth SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CORE-MANTLE BOUNDARY; POST-PEROVSKITE PHASE; SEISMIC EVIDENCE; VELOCITY ZONES; HIGH-PRESSURE; MGSIO3; TEMPERATURE AB Natural olivine with 12 mol % Fe2SiO4 and synthetic orthopyroxenes with 20% and 40% FeSiO3 were studied beyond the pressure-temperature conditions of the core-mantle boundary. All samples were found to convert entirely or partially into the CaIrO3 postperovskite structure, which was recently reported for pure MgSiO3. The incorporation of Fe greatly reduces the pressure needed for the transition and establishes the new phase as the major component of the D" layer. With the liquid core as an unlimited reservoir of iron, core-mantle reactions could further enrich the iron content in this phase and explain the intriguing seismic signatures observed in the D" layer. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, High Pressure Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mao, HK (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, 5734 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM wmao@uchicago.edu RI Mao, Wendy/D-1885-2009; Shen, Guoyin/D-6527-2011 NR 22 TC 118 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 9 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 45 BP 15867 EP 15869 DI 10.1073/pnas.0407135101 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 872GX UT WOS:000225196800010 PM 15520393 ER PT J AU Guo, Z Lee, CS Morris, JW AF Guo, Z Lee, CS Morris, JW TI On coherent transformations in steel SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE martensitic phase transformation; K-S relationship; N-W relationship; bain variants; grain refinement ID ULTRA-FINE FERRITE; VARIANT SELECTION; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; 5.5NI STEEL; PHASE; STRIP; ALLOY AB The effective grain size of a martensitic steel is the coherence length of structure domains that share the relevant crystallographic features. These, in turn, depend on the property of interest. The crystallographic feature that governs transgranular fracture is the {100} cleavage plane while that governing dislocation plasticity is normally the {110} slip plane. However, two adjacent sub-volumes that have different orientation relationships do not necessarily mean two effective grains. In this paper, effective grain size is discussed based on 24 Kurdjumov-Sachs and 12 Nishiyama-Wassermann relationships which can be divided into three groups according to their Bain strains. Stereographic projection showed that only those from different Bain groups will have large-angle misorientations between {100} cleavage planes while dislocation glide planes {110} usually do not exhibit large-angle misorientation. Therefore, effective grain sizes for transgranular fracture and plastic deformation are not the same, and do not necessarily respond in the same way to certain grain refinement measures. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Adv Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Morris, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Adv Mat, 228 Hearst Mem Mining Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jwmorris@berkeley.edu NR 24 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 19 BP 5511 EP 5518 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.011 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 867KC UT WOS:000224840500008 ER PT J AU Pereloma, EV Shekhter, A Miller, MK Ringer, SP AF Pereloma, EV Shekhter, A Miller, MK Ringer, SP TI Ageing behaviour of an Fe-20Ni-1.8Mn-1.6Ti-0.59Al (wt%) maraging alloy: clustering, precipitation and hardening SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE maraging steel; cluster hardening; three-dimensional atom probe; transmission electron microscopy; precipitation ID CONTAINING C-300 STEEL; ATOM-PROBE; STRENGTHENING BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; TRANSITION AB Changes in the solute distribution as well as the evolution of precipitation, microstructure and mechanical properties have been studied in an experimental maraging Fe-20Ni-1.8Mn-1.5Ti-0.59Al (wt%) alloy during ageing at 550 degreesC. An initial hardening reaction within 5 s is reported, which is remarkable in terms of extent and rapidity. This strengthening was caused by the formation of complex multi-component atomic co-clusters containing primarily Ni-Ti-Al as well as some Mn. This cluster strengthened condition produced the optimum toughness observed throughout the ageing sequence. After 60 s ageing, the appearance of discrete precipitation of needle-shaped eta-Ni(3)Ti particles was associated with a second rise in hardness towards an eventual peak at 600 s. This precipitation hardening was accompanied by an increase in tensile strength and a decrease in ductility. A reverse transformation of martensite to austenite occurs progressively during ageing and this contributes to the initial and secondary softening. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Sydney, Australian Key Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Pereloma, EV (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM elena.pereloma@spme.monash.edu.au RI Ringer, Simon/E-3487-2012 OI Ringer, Simon/0000-0002-1559-330X NR 42 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 19 BP 5589 EP 5602 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.018 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 867KC UT WOS:000224840500015 ER PT J AU Petkovic, LM Ginosar, DM AF Petkovic, LM Ginosar, DM TI The effect of supercritical isobutane regeneration on the nature of hydrocarbons deposited on a USY zeolite catalyst utilized for isobutane/butene alkylation SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE supercritical fluid regeneration; isobutane/butene alkylation; USY zeolite; Coke analysis ID SOLID ACID CATALYSTS; SULFATED ZIRCONIA CATALYSTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ADSORPTION; FTIR; IONS; DEACTIVATION; 1-BUTENE; ETHYLENE; OLEFINS AB The chemical nature of hydrocarbons remaining on an ultrastable Y-zeolite (USY) utilized for liquid phase isobutane/butene alkylation reaction at 333 K and 1.1 X 10(7) Pa before and after supercritical isobutane regeneration (SFR) at 453 K and 1.1 x 10(7) Pa are presented. Catalyst samples were deactivated to different levels by running the alkylation reaction for different times on stream (TOS) and regenerated under flowing supercritical isobutane for 60 min. Nitrogen physisorption, temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO), diffuse reflectince infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy measurements suggested that the SFR process was effective in recovering catalyst surface area and micropore volume and that most coke precursors were removed from samples regenerated after short TOS, when the level of activity for trimethylpentanes (TMP) production was high. Samples that were allowed to react for longer TOS contained unsaturated hydrocarbons that, instead of being extracted by the supercritical fluid, dehydrogenated during the SFR process to produce more condensed species. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Petkovic, LM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM petklm@inel.gov RI Petkovic, Lucia/E-9092-2011; Ginosar, Daniel/C-2357-2017 OI Petkovic, Lucia/0000-0002-0870-3355; Ginosar, Daniel/0000-0002-8522-1659 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 275 IS 1-2 BP 235 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2004.07.037 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862SE UT WOS:000224510400029 ER PT J AU Scudino, S Mickel, C Schultz, L Eckert, J Yang, XY Sordelet, DJ AF Scudino, S Mickel, C Schultz, L Eckert, J Yang, XY Sordelet, DJ TI Quasicrystal formation in mechanically alloyed Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al glassy powders SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METALLIC GLASSES; CRYSTALLIZATION; IMPURITIES; ZR70PD30; OXYGEN; PHASE AB Different from the glassy Zr62Ti7.07Nb2.21Cu12.28Ni9.81Al6.62 melt-spun ribbon that forms a quasicrystalline phase upon devitrification, the corresponding alloy produced by mechanical alloying of elemental powder mixtures does not clearly show quasicrystal formation. However, the addition of an appropriate amount of elemental zirconium to the mechanically alloyed powder changes the crystallization behavior inducing the formation of an icosahedral quasicrystalline phase as the first crystallization product. This indicates that for this multicomponent metallic glass quasicrystal formation in the mechanically alloyed powder is crucially linked to the composition rather than to the question whether there is a special quenched-in short-range order. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 IFW Dresden, Inst Met Werkstoffe, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Tech Univ Darmstadt, FG Phys Met, FB Mat & Geowissensch 11, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Scudino, S (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Met Werkstoffe, Postfach 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. EM s.scudino@ifw-dresden.de RI Schultz, Ludwig/B-3383-2010; Scudino, Sergio/D-8049-2015 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 19 BP 4349 EP 4351 DI 10.1063/1.1818734 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 869DE UT WOS:000224962800028 ER PT J AU Lyubinetsky, I El-Azab, A Lea, AS Thevuthasan, S Baer, DR AF Lyubinetsky, I El-Azab, A Lea, AS Thevuthasan, S Baer, DR TI Initial stages of oxide nanodot heteroepitaxial growth: Cu(2)O on SrTiO(3)(100) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ASSEMBLED QUANTUM DOTS; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; ATOMIC CONTROL; TRANSITION; SUBSTRATE; ISLANDS AB The growth mechanism in a heteroepitaxy of oxide nanodots is investigated by a combination of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy, and theoretical modeling. In contrast to the majority of semiconductor systems, in the studied metal oxide system of Cu(2)O-SrTiO(3)(100) the growth process starts without wetting layer formation with the appearance of small (similar to10 nm) square-based planar Cu(2)O nanodots. Continued deposition leads mainly to increase of the nanodot density, practically, without change of their size. Only after reaching some critical density (similar to10(13) cm(-2) for 760 K growth temperature), growth of scattered, significantly larger islands starts through the coalescence of small nanodots. XPS analysis suggests that the interface between small nanodots and substrate is abrupt with only weak Cu-O(SrTiO(3)) interaction. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lyubinetsky, I (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM igor.lyubinetsky@pnl.gov RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Lea, Alan/0000-0002-4232-1553 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 19 BP 4481 EP 4483 DI 10.1063/1.1819509 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 869DE UT WOS:000224962800072 ER PT J AU Wesolowski, DJ AF Wesolowski, DJ TI Comment on "Solubility of the assemblage albite plus K-feldspar plus andalusite plus quartz in supercritical aqueous chloride solutions at 650 T and 2 kbar"by T.M. Pak et al., Chemical Geology, Vol. 200, pp.377-393 SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wesolowski, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wesolowskid@ornl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 211 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.021 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 860SS UT WOS:000224364100009 ER PT J AU Dolan, DH Gupta, YM AF Dolan, DH Gupta, YM TI Nanosecond freezing of water under multiple shock wave compression: Optical transmission and imaging measurements SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC COMPRESSION; LIQUID WATER; NUCLEATION; STATE; ICE; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; INTERFACES; SIMULATION; BUBBLE AB Water samples were subjected to multiple shock wave compressions, generating peak pressures of 1-5 GPa on nanosecond time scales. This loading process approximates isentropic compression and leads to temperatures where the ice VII phase is more stable than the liquid phase above 2 GPa. Time resolved optical transmission and imaging measurements were performed to determine the solidification rate under such conditions. Freezing occurred faster at higher pressures as water was compressed further into the ice VII phase, in agreement with classical micleation theory. Water consistently froze when in contact with a silica window, whereas no solidification occurred in the presence of sapphire windows. The transition was determined to be a surface initiated process-freezing began via heterogeneous nucleation at the water/window interface and propagated over thicknesses greater than 0.01 mm. The first optical images of freezing on nanosecond time scales were obtained. These images demonstrate heterogeneous nucleation and irregular solid growth over 0.01-0.10 mm lateral length scales and are consistent with latent heat emission during the transformation. The combination of optical transmission and imaging measurements presented here provide the first consistent evidence for freezing on short time scales. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Dolan, DH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ymgupta@wsu.edu NR 46 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 18 BP 9050 EP 9057 DI 10.1063/1.1805499 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 866UM UT WOS:000224798900043 PM 15527371 ER PT J AU Harrison, DJ Tam, NC Vogels, CM Langler, RF Baker, RT Decken, A Westcott, SA AF Harrison, DJ Tam, NC Vogels, CM Langler, RF Baker, RT Decken, A Westcott, SA TI A gentle and efficient route for the deoxygenation of sulfoxides using catecholborane (HBcat; cat 1,2-O2C6H4) SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE catalysis; catecholborane; deoxygenation; Lewis acid; sulfoxides ID CHEMOSELECTIVE DEOXYGENATION; REDUCTION; THIOETHERS; CATALYSTS; SULFIDES AB The addition of catecholborane (HBcat; cat = 1,2-O2C6H4) to a wide range of sulfoxides affords the corresponding sulfides, dihydrogen, and catBOBcat. The diboron compound catBOBcat acts like a Lewis acid and will coordinate one molecule of the starting sulfoxide. Although deoxygenations with bulky or electron withdrawing sulfoxides are slow, these reactions can be greatly accelerated with the use of excess HBcat or by employing a rhodium catalyst. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Mt Allison Univ, Dept Chem, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos Catalysis Initiat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Brunswick, Dept Chem, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. RP Baker, RT (reprint author), Mt Allison Univ, Dept Chem, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada. EM bakertom@lanl.gov; swestcott@mta.ca NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD NOV 8 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 46 BP 8493 EP 8496 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.09.068 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 866HB UT WOS:000224763500013 ER PT J AU Keranen, SVE AF Keranen, SVE TI Simulation study on effects of signaling network structure on the developmental increase in complexity SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE signaling network; non-periodic pattern; network structure; development; complexity ID PATTERN-FORMATION; REGULATORY NETWORK; GENETIC NETWORKS; DYNAMICAL TRANSITIONS; LATERAL INHIBITION; REACTION-DIFFUSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EVOLUTION; MODEL; POLARITY AB The developmental increase in structural complexity in multicellular lifeforms depends on local, often non-periodic differences in gene expression. These, in turn, depend on a network of gene-gene interactions coded within the organismal genome. To see what architectural features of a network (size, connectivity, etc.) affect the likelihood of patterns with multiple cell types (i.e. patterns where cells express greater than or equal to3 different combinations of genes), developmental pattern formation was simulated in virtual blastoderm embryos with small artificial genomes. Several basic properties of these genomic signaling networks, such as the number of genes, the distributions of positive (inductive) and negative (repressive) interactions, and the strengths of gene-gene interactions were tested. The results show that the frequencies of complex and/or stable patterns depended not only on the existence of negative interactions, but also on the distribution of regulatory interactions: for example, coregulation of signals and their intracellular effectors increased the likelihood of pattern formation compared to differential regulation of signaling pathway components. Interestingly, neither quantitative differences in strengths of signaling interactions nor multiple response thresholds to different levels of signal concentration (as in morphogen gradients) were essential for formation of multiple, spatially unique "cell types". However, those combinations of architectural features that greatly increased the likelihood for pattern complexity tended to decrease the likelihoods for pattern stability and developmental robustness. Nevertheless, elements of complex patterns (e.g. genes, cell type order within the pattern) could differ in their developmental robustness, which may be important for the evolution of complexity. The results show that depending on the network structure, the same set of genes can produce patterns of different complexity, robustness and stability. Because of this, the evolution of metazoan complexity with a combinatorial code of gene regulation may have depended at least as much on selection for favorable distribution of connections between existing developmental regulatory genes as on the simple increase in numbers of regulatory genes. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Sci Dept, MS 171-84,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM svekeranen@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM70444, R01 GM42387] NR 56 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD NOV 7 PY 2004 VL 231 IS 1 BP 3 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.03.021 PG 19 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 860OH UT WOS:000224352400002 PM 15363926 ER PT J AU Park, JS Chu, JSF Cheng, C Chen, FQ Chen, D Li, S AF Park, JS Chu, JSF Cheng, C Chen, FQ Chen, D Li, S TI Differential effects of equiaxial and uniaxial strain on mesenchymal stem cells SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; smooth muscle cells; mechanical stretch; equiaxial strain; uniaxial strain; DNA microarray ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; MECHANICAL STRAIN; IN-VITRO; ELASTIN-RECEPTOR; STROMAL CELLS; MARROW; PROLIFERATION; ARTERIES; STRETCH; ORIENTATION AB Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and have tremendous potential as a cell source for cardiovascular regeneration. We postulate that specific vascular environmental factors will promote MSC differentiation into SMCs. However, the effects of the vascular mechanical environment on MSCs have not been characterized. Here we show that mechanical strain regulated the expression of SMC markers in MSCs. Cyclic equiaxial strain downregulated SM alpha-actin and SM-22alpha in MSCs on collagen- or elastin-coated membranes after 1 day, and decreased alpha-actin in stress fibers. In contrast, cyclic uniaxial strain transiently increased the expression of SM alpha-actin and SM-22alpha after 1 day, which subsequently returned to basal levels after the cells aligned in the direction perpendicular to the strain direction. In addition, uniaxial but not equiaxial strain induced a transient increase of collagen I expression. DNA microarray experiments showed that uniaxial strain increased SMC markers and regulated the expression of matrix molecules without significantly changing the expression of the differentiation markers (e.g., alkaline phosphatase and collagen II) of other cell types. Our results suggest that uniaxial strain, which better mimics the type of mechanical strain experienced by SMCs, may promote MSC differentiation into SMCs if cell orientation can be controlled. This Study demonstrates the differential effects of equiaxial and uniaxial strain, advances our understanding of the mechanical regulation of stem cells, and provides a rational basis for engineering MSCs for vascular tissue engineering and regeneration. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Keywords: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; smooth muscle cells; mechanical stretch; equiaxial strain; uniaxial strain; DNA microarray C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Tissue Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Li, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, 471 Evans Hall 1762, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM songli@socrates.berkeley.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R21CA95393-01] NR 38 TC 188 Z9 205 U1 6 U2 37 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 3 BP 359 EP 368 DI 10.1002/bit.20250 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 866SX UT WOS:000224794600010 PM 15486942 ER PT J AU Li, LX Dong, JH Nenoff, TM Lee, R AF Li, LX Dong, JH Nenoff, TM Lee, R TI Reverse osmosis of ionic aqueous solutions on a MFI zeolite membrane SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article DE MFI; zeolite membrane; reverse osmosis; ion separation ID DIELECTRIC FRICTION; SEPARATION; HYDRATION; REMOVAL; WATER; PERVAPORATION; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS; SUPPORTS; MOBILITY AB Separation of ions from aqueous solutions was performed by reverse osmosis (RO) on an a-alumina-supported MFI-type zeolite membrane synthesized by in-situ crystallization. For the 0.1 M chloride single-salt solutions, the separation efficiency in terms of ion rejection was found to increase with the ion valence in the order r(Al)(3+) > r(Mg)(2+) > r(Na)(+), while the ion and water fluxes changed in the reverse order. The charge density, size, and apparent dynamic hydration number of the ion as well as the mobility of the hydrated ion were found to have critical influences on ion diffusion and water permeation through the polycrystalline zeolite membrane. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Petr & Chem Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Petr Recovery Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dong, JH (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Petr & Chem Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM jhdong@nmt.edu NR 33 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 170 IS 3 BP 309 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2004.02.102 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 876KT UT WOS:000225496400008 ER PT J AU Apra, E Carter, EA Fortunelli, A AF Apra, E Carter, EA Fortunelli, A TI Separability between valence and conduction bands in transition metal clusters SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE structural energy differences; d-s hybridization; electronic structure; transition and noble metals; inter-band mixing ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; RENORMALIZED ATOMS; INTERPOLATION SCHEME; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACES; NOBLE; QUADRATURE; MOLECULES; APPROXIMATION; ELEMENTS AB Simplified theories of transition metal electronic structure have been postulated for many decades. We test one such approximation, namely separate treatments of d (valence) and s/p (conduction) electrons in transition metal clusters, within a density functional theory (DFT) formalism. Two different basic approaches are considered: (a) an independent-band approximation, in which the d- and s/p-bands interact only via the p-dependent components of the Kohn-Sham operator; and (b) a more realistic approximation, in which the lowest-energy d- and s/p-orbitals (separately derived) are allowed to interact through explicit off-diagonal coupling matrix elements. The results are presented for the energy differences among three structural forms (icosahedral, cuboctahedral, and truncated decahedral) of 13-atom Ni and Pt clusters. We demonstrate that an explicit decoupling of the d- and s/p-bands does not produce accurate results for the clusters considered, not even for nickel, i.e., the transition metal for which d-s/p mixing should be at its minimum. By contrast, allowing the lowest-energy orbitals of the two separate bands to interact improves the results considerably, and ensures a fair description of metal-metal bonding. This finding suggests that simplified models that exclude explicit d-s/p coupling should be employed with caution. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 CNR, IPCF, Mol Modeling Lab, I-56010 Ghezzano, PI, Italy. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fortunelli, A (reprint author), CNR, IPCF, Mol Modeling Lab, Via V Alfieri 1, I-56010 Ghezzano, PI, Italy. EM fortunelli@ipcf.cnr.it RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010; Carter, Emily/P-4075-2014 OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734; NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 100 IS 3 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1002/qua.20192 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 860CX UT WOS:000224317600003 ER PT J AU Lou, ZK Chen, BPC Asaithamby, A Minter-Dykhouse, K Chen, DJ Chen, JJ AF Lou, ZK Chen, BPC Asaithamby, A Minter-Dykhouse, K Chen, DJ Chen, JJ TI MDC1 regulates DNA-PK autophosphorylation in response to DNA damage SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; ATM ACTIVATION; CHECKPOINT; PHOSPHORYLATION; REQUIREMENT; PATHWAYS; MEDIATOR; COMPLEX AB DNA damage initiates signaling events through kinase cascades that result in cell cycle checkpoint control and DNA repair. However, it is not yet clear how the signaling pathways relay to DNA damage repair. Using the repeat region of checkpoint protein MDC1 (mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1), we identified DNA-PKcs/Ku as MDC1-associated proteins. Here, we show that MDC1 directly interacts with the Ku/DNA-PKcs complex. Down-regulation of MDC1 resulted in defective phospho-DNA-PKcs foci formation and DNA-PKcs autophosphorylation, suggesting that MDC1 regulates autophosphorylation of DNA-PKcs following DNA damage. Furthermore, DNA-PK-dependent DNA damage repair is defective in cells depleted of MDC1. Taken together, these results suggest that the MDC1 repeat region is involved in protein-protein interaction with DNA-PKcs/Ku, and MDC1 regulates DNA damage repair by influencing DNA-PK autophosphorylation. Therefore, MDC1 acts not only as a mediator of DNA damage checkpoint but also as a mediator of DNA damage repair. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Oncol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, JJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Oncol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM Chen.Junjie@mayo.edu RI Minter Dykhouse, Katherine/L-4573-2013 OI Minter Dykhouse, Katherine/0000-0003-4363-5826 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519, R01 CA89239, CA92312]; NIA NIH HHS [AG18949] NR 22 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 45 BP 46359 EP 46362 DI 10.1074/jbc.C400375200 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 867HE UT WOS:000224832400003 PM 15377652 ER PT J AU Manuel, RC Hitomi, K Arvai, AS House, PG Kurtz, AJ Dodson, ML McCullough, AK Tainer, JA Lloyd, RS AF Manuel, RC Hitomi, K Arvai, AS House, PG Kurtz, AJ Dodson, ML McCullough, AK Tainer, JA Lloyd, RS TI Reaction intermediates in the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli MutY DNA glycosylase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; MEDIATED CHARGE-TRANSPORT; T4 ENDONUCLEASE-V; C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; ADENINE GLYCOSYLASE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; SUBSTRATE RECOGNITION; FLIPPING MECHANISM; PYRIMIDINE DIMER; DAMAGED DNA AB The Escherichia coli adenine DNA glycosylase, MutY, plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability by catalyzing the removal of adenine opposite 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine or guanine in duplex DNA. Although the x-ray crystal structure of the catalytic domain of MutY revealed a mechanism for catalysis of the glycosyl bond, it appeared that several opportunistically positioned lysine side chains could participate in a secondary beta-elimination reaction. In this investigation, it is established via site-directed mutagenesis and the determination of a 1.35-Angstrom structure of MutY in complex with adenine that the abasic site (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity is alternatively regulated by two lysines, Lys(142) and Lys(20). Analyses of the crystallographic structure also suggest a role for Glu(161) in the apurinic/apyrimidinic lyase chemistry. The beta-elimination reaction is structurally and chemically uncoupled from the initial glycosyl bond scission, indicating that this reaction occurs as a consequence of active site plasticity and slow dissociation of the product complex. MutY with either the K142A or K20A mutation still catalyzes beta and beta-delta elimination reactions, and both mutants can be trapped as covalent enzyme-DNA intermediates by chemical reduction. The trapping was observed to occur both pre- and post-phosphodiester bond scission, establishing that both of these intermediates have significant half-lives. Thus, the final spectrum of DNA products generated reflects the outcome of a delicate balance of closely related equilibrium constants. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Mol Sci, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol Chem & Genet, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lloyd, RS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM lloydst@ohsu.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES 06766]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM46312, GM59237] NR 42 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 45 BP 46930 EP 46939 DI 10.1074/jbc.M403944200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 867HE UT WOS:000224832400076 PM 15326180 ER PT J AU Tanaka, Y Baron, AQR Kim, YJ Thomas, KJ Hill, JP Honda, Z Iga, F Tsutsui, S Ishikawa, D Nelson, CS AF Tanaka, Y Baron, AQR Kim, YJ Thomas, KJ Hill, JP Honda, Z Iga, F Tsutsui, S Ishikawa, D Nelson, CS TI Search for orbitons in LaMnO3, YTiO3 and KCuF3 using high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; ELEMENTARY EXCITATIONS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; MANGANITES; ORBITALS; WAVES AB Orbital excitations have been sought in three systems, LaMnO3, KCuF3 andYTiO(3), using high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering, with an energy resolution of 6 meV. Motivated by the recent Raman scattering result of Saitoh et al (2001 Nature 410 180), we measured the energy transfer spectra of LaMnO3 in the energy range up to 200 meV. We did not find any signal above background that could be associated with orbiton excitations. Since significant interaction between the spin and orbital degrees of freedom is expected in KCuF3 andYTiO(3), energy spectra were measured above and below the respective magnetic ordering temperature. We were not able to detect any change in the excitation spectra due to the magnetic ordering temperature of these materials. We discuss the implications of the experimental findings and estimate an upper bound on the orbiton x-ray cross-section. C1 RIKEN, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. JASRI, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Saitama Univ, Saitama 3388570, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Adv Sci Matter, Higashihiroshima 7398530, Japan. RP RIKEN, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. EM ytanaka@riken.jp RI Kim, Young-June /G-7196-2011 OI Kim, Young-June /0000-0002-1172-8895 NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 6 AR 161 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/161 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 869DQ UT WOS:000224964000010 ER PT J AU Andersson, K Nikitin, A Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A Ogasawara, H AF Andersson, K Nikitin, A Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A Ogasawara, H TI Water dissociation on Ru(001): An activated process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION; SURFACE; PT(111); BILAYER; H2O AB It is shown using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that water is adsorbed either nondissociatively or partially dissociatively on Ru(001) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. We found an activated dissociation process with a barrier slightly larger than that of desorption. A difference in dissociation barriers is found between H2O and D2O that explains the anomalous isotope effects in the thermal desorption. Previous theoretical and experimental disagreements can be rationalized based on electron or x-ray beam-induced dissociation of the water overlayer and an earlier underestimation of the dissociation barrier. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stockholm Univ, FYSIKUM, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Andersson, K (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009; OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079; Andersson, Klas J./0000-0002-6064-5658 NR 17 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 196101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.196101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900042 PM 15600853 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for flavor-changing neutral current and lepton-flavor violating decays of D-0 -> l(+)l(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR AB We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays D-0-->e(+)e(-) and D-0-->mu(+)mu(-), and the lepton-flavor violating decay D-0-->e(+/-)mu(-/+). The measurement is based on 122 fb(-1) of data collected by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider. No evidence is found for any of the decays. The upper limits on the branching fractions, at the 90% confidence level, are 1.2x10(-6) for D-0-->e(+)e(-), 1.3x10(-6) for D-0-->mu(+)mu(-), and 8.1x10(-7) for D-0-->e(+/-)mu(-/+). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016 OI Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 191801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.191801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900014 ER PT J AU Bastea, S AF Bastea, S TI Entropy scaling laws for diffusion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID KOLMOGOROV-SINAI ENTROPY; HARD-SPHERE FLUID; TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS; SIMPLE LIQUIDS C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bastea, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bastea2@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 199603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.199603 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900088 PM 15600899 ER PT J AU Bilodeau, RC Bozek, JD Aguilar, A Ackerman, GD Turri, G Berrah, N AF Bilodeau, RC Bozek, JD Aguilar, A Ackerman, GD Turri, G Berrah, N TI Photoexcitation of He- hollow-ion resonances: Observation of the 2s2p(2) P-4 state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; 1S THRESHOLD; AUTOIONIZING STATES; EXCITED RESONANCES; NEGATIVE-IONS; PHOTODETACHMENT; LITHIUM; REGION; ENERGY; SPECTROSCOPY AB Highly correlated states are studied in He-, a fundamental 3-electron system and prototypical negative ion. The 2s2p(2) P-4 state is observed for the first time. This state is detected in a resonant simultaneous double-Auger decay of unprecedented strength. In addition, the first measurements of photodetachment cross sections, positions, widths, and shapes of triply excited resonances in He- are reported. These measurements provide a sensitive test for several sophisticated ab initio calculations, and indicate differences in the position and shape of some structures. C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Bilodeau, Rene/0000-0001-8607-2328 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 193001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.193001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900018 PM 15600829 ER PT J AU Bouchet, J Albers, RC Jones, MD Jomard, G AF Bouchet, J Albers, RC Jones, MD Jomard, G TI Comment on "New pseudophase structure for alpha-Pu" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLUTONIUM C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Computat Res, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Ctr Etud Bruyeres Le Chatel, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Bouchet, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 199602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.199602 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900087 ER PT J AU Bradley, DK Eggert, JH Hicks, DG Celliers, PM Moon, SJ Cauble, RC Collins, GW AF Bradley, DK Eggert, JH Hicks, DG Celliers, PM Moon, SJ Cauble, RC Collins, GW TI Shock compressing diamond to a conducting fluid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE PHASE; FREE-ENERGY; CARBON; DIAGRAM; TRANSFORMATION; GRAPHITE; VELOCITY AB Laser generated shock reflectance data show that diamond undergoes a continuous transition from optically absorbing to reflecting between Hugoniot pressures 600 e(')ppX reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SMALL RELATIVE MOMENTA; DRIFT CHAMBER; CLAS; NUCLEI; COLLISIONS; PARTICLES; INTERFEROMETRY; SPECTROMETER; CALORIMETER; SCATTERING AB Two-proton correlations at small relative momentum q were studied in the eA(He-3, He-4, C, Fe)-->e'ppX reaction at E-0=4.46 GeV using the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The enhancement of the correlation function at small q was found to be in accordance with theoretical expectations. Sizes of the emission region were extracted, and proved to be dependent on A and on the proton momentum. The size of the two-proton emission region for He was measured in eA reactions for the first time. C1 Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, CZ-18040 Prague 8, Czech Republic. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Gen Nucl Phys Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Roma 3, I-00146 Rome, Italy. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Stavinsky, AV (reprint author), Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. RI Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Zana, Lorenzo/H-3032-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014 OI Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973 NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 192301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.192301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900016 PM 15600827 ER PT J AU Weissenrieder, J Mikkelsen, A Andersen, JN Feibelman, PJ Held, G AF Weissenrieder, J Mikkelsen, A Andersen, JN Feibelman, PJ Held, G TI Experimental evidence for a partially dissociated water bilayer on Ru{0001} SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ADSORPTION; METALS; SURFACES AB Core-level photoelectron spectra, in excellent agreement with ab initio calculations, confirm that the stable wetting layer of water on Ru{0001} contains O-H and H2O in roughly 3:5 proportion, for OHx coverages between 0.25 and 0.7 ML, and T<170 K. Proton disorder explains why the wetting structure looks to low energy electron diffraction (LEED) to be an ordered p(root3xroot3)R30degrees adlayer, even though approximate to3/8 of its molecules are dissociated. Complete dissociation to atomic oxygen starts near 190 K. Low photon flux in the synchrotron experiments ensured that the diagnosis of the nature of the wetting structure quantified by LEED is free of beam-induced damage. C1 Lund Univ, Max Lab, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Lund Univ, Inst Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. RP Weissenrieder, J (reprint author), Lund Univ, Max Lab, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM gh10009@cam.ac.uk RI Weissenrieder, Jonas/C-3580-2009; Held, Georg/D-5468-2013; OI Weissenrieder, Jonas/0000-0003-1631-4293 NR 26 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 19 AR 196102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.196102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868PG UT WOS:000224924900043 PM 15600854 ER PT J AU Whicker, FW Hinton, TG MacDonell, MM Pinder, JE Habegger, LJ AF Whicker, FW Hinton, TG MacDonell, MM Pinder, JE Habegger, LJ TI Remediationg rocky flats - Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Whicker, FW (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5698 BP 975 EP 976 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 869RG UT WOS:000225001100017 ER PT J AU Efroymson, RA AF Efroymson, RA TI Net environmental benefit analysis SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID SITES C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5698 BP 976 EP 976 DI 10.1126/science.306.5698.976 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 869RG UT WOS:000225001100018 PM 15528426 ER PT J AU Whicker, FW Hinton, TG MacDonell, MM Pinder, JE Habegger, LJ AF Whicker, FW Hinton, TG MacDonell, MM Pinder, JE Habegger, LJ TI Net environmental benefit analysis - Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Whicker, FW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5698 BP 976 EP 977 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 869RG UT WOS:000225001100019 ER PT J AU Son, DH Hughes, SM Yin, YD Alivisatos, AP AF Son, DH Hughes, SM Yin, YD Alivisatos, AP TI Cation exchange reactions-in ionic nanocrystals SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; GROWTH; NANORODS; SIZE; GOLD AB Cation exchange has been investigated in a wide range of nanocrystals of varying composition, size, and shape. Complete and fully reversible exchange occurs, and the rates of the reactions are much faster than in bulk cation exchange processes. A critical size has been identified below which the shapes of complex nanocrystals evolve toward the equilibrium shape with lowest energy during the exchange reaction. Above the critical size, the anion sublattice remains intact and the basic shapes of the initial nanocrystals are retained throughout the cation exchange. The size-dependent shape change can also be used to infer features of the microscopic mechanism. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alivis@berkeley.edu RI Yin, Yadong/D-5987-2011; Son, Dong Hee/C-2234-2015; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Yin, Yadong/0000-0003-0218-3042; Son, Dong Hee/0000-0001-9002-5188; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 28 TC 628 Z9 631 U1 40 U2 313 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5698 BP 1009 EP 1012 DI 10.1126/science.1103755 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 869RG UT WOS:000225001100036 PM 15528440 ER PT J AU Daly, MJ Gaidamakova, EK Matrosova, VY Vasilenko, A Zhai, M Venkateswaran, A Hess, M Omelchenko, MV Kostandarithes, HM Makarova, KS Wackett, LP Fredrickson, JK Ghosal, D AF Daly, MJ Gaidamakova, EK Matrosova, VY Vasilenko, A Zhai, M Venkateswaran, A Hess, M Omelchenko, MV Kostandarithes, HM Makarova, KS Wackett, LP Fredrickson, JK Ghosal, D TI Accumulation of Mn(II) in, Deinococcus radiodurans facilitates gamma-radiation resistance SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; MICROCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; TARGETED MUTAGENESIS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; GENOME SEQUENCE; BACTERIUM; IRON; DNA; RADIORESISTANCE AB Deinococcus radiodurans is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation. How this bacterium can grow under chronic gamma radiation [50 grays (Gy) per hour] or recover from acute doses greater than 10 kGy is unknown. We show that D. radiodurans accumulates very high intracellular manganese and low iron levels compared with radiation-sensitive bacteria and that resistance exhibits a concentration-dependent response to manganous chloride [Mn(II)]. Among the most radiation-resistant bacterial groups reported, Deinococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and cyanobacteria accumulate Mn(II). in contrast, Shewanella oneidensis and Pseudomonas putida have high iron but low intracellular manganese concentrations and are very sensitive. We propose that Mn(II) accumulation facilitates recovery from radiation injury. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Daly, MJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mdaly@usuhs.mil RI Hess, Matthias/B-1783-2012 NR 27 TC 296 Z9 314 U1 8 U2 51 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 5 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5698 BP 1025 EP 1028 DI 10.1126/science.1103185 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 869RG UT WOS:000225001100041 PM 15459345 ER PT J AU Kang, QJ Zhang, DX Lichtner, PC Tsimpanogiannis, IN AF Kang, QJ Zhang, DX Lichtner, PC Tsimpanogiannis, IN TI Lattice Boltzmann model for crystal growth from supersaturated solution SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; POROUS-MEDIA; DISSOLUTION AB [ 1] We develop a new, lattice effects-free lattice Boltzmann model for simulating crystal growth from supersaturated solution. Simulations of crystal growth from a single or multiple nuclei in a domain initially filled with supersaturated solution are presented, such as in the case of gas hydrate formation. We find that as the process changes from diffusion-controlled to surface reaction-controlled, the crystal transforms from open cluster-type structure, via compact coral-type structure, to compact circular structure, and correspondingly, the fractal dimension of the crystal structure increases from a value close to that of a diffusion-limited aggregation ( DLA) structure to the Euclidian value for a circle. At a high Damkohler number, crystal formed from a single nucleus becomes more compact as the saturation increases. At a low Damkohler number, the crystal has a fairly round shape for different saturation values and the effect of saturation is insignificant. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Mewbourne Sch Petr & Geol Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Kang, QJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM qkang@lanl.gov RI Zhang, Dongxiao/D-5289-2009; Kang, Qinjun/A-2585-2010 OI Zhang, Dongxiao/0000-0001-6930-5994; Kang, Qinjun/0000-0002-4754-2240 NR 17 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 4 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 21 AR L21604 DI 10.1029/2004GL021107 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 870CD UT WOS:000225030700003 ER PT J AU Santer, BD Wigley, TML Simmons, AJ Kallberg, PW Kelly, GA Uppala, SM Ammann, C Boyle, JS Bruggemann, W Doutriaux, C Fiorino, M Mears, C Meehl, GA Sausen, R Taylor, KE Washington, WM Wehner, MF Wentz, FJ AF Santer, BD Wigley, TML Simmons, AJ Kallberg, PW Kelly, GA Uppala, SM Ammann, C Boyle, JS Bruggemann, W Doutriaux, C Fiorino, M Mears, C Meehl, GA Sausen, R Taylor, KE Washington, WM Wehner, MF Wentz, FJ TI Identification of anthropogenic climate change using a second-generation reanalysis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE climate change; detection; reanalysis ID ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN GCM; TROPOPAUSE HEIGHT; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE; TEMPERATURE TRENDS; GREENHOUSE-GAS; SATELLITE DATA; EL-NINO; SIMULATIONS; 20TH-CENTURY; VARIABILITY AB [ 1] Changes in the height of the tropopause provide a sensitive indicator of human effects on climate. A previous attempt to identify human effects on tropopause height relied on information from 'first-generation' reanalyses of past weather observations. Climate data from these initial model-based reanalyses have well-documented deficiencies, raising concerns regarding the robustness of earlier detection work that employed these data. Here we address these concerns using information from the new second-generation ERA-40 reanalysis. Over 1979 to 2001, tropopause height increases by nearly 200 m in ERA-40, partly due to tropospheric warming. The spatial pattern of height increase is consistent with climate model predictions of the expected response to anthropogenic influences alone, significantly strengthening earlier detection results. Atmospheric temperature changes in two different satellite data sets are more highly correlated with changes in ERA-40 than with those in a first-generation reanalysis, illustrating the improved quality of temperature information in ERA-40. Our results provide support for claims that human activities have warmed the troposphere and cooled the lower stratosphere over the last several decades of the 20th century, and that both of these changes in atmospheric temperature have contributed to an overall increase in tropopause height. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. Univ Birmingham, Sch Math & Stat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Remote Sensing Syst, Santa Rosa, CA 95401 USA. Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Phys Atmosphare, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Santer, BD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM santer1@llnl.gov RI Wigley, Tom/B-4705-2008; Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Fiorino, Michael/N-4150-2014 OI Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135; Fiorino, Michael/0000-0002-2819-8157 NR 71 TC 76 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 4 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D21 AR D21104 DI 10.1029/2004JD005075 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870CJ UT WOS:000225031300007 ER PT J AU Szanyi, J Kwak, JH Moline, RA Peden, CHF AF Szanyi, J Kwak, JH Moline, RA Peden, CHF TI Adsorption, coadsorption, and reaction of acetaldehyde and NO2 on Na-Y,FAU: An in situ FTIR investigation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC-REDUCTION; Y-TYPE ZEOLITES; NITRIC-OXIDE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FAU ZEOLITES; ALKALI-METAL; SCR REACTION; NA-Y; SILICA; SPECTROSCOPY AB The adsorption of acetaldehyde and its coadsorption and reaction with NO, were investigated on a Na-Y,FAU zeolite using in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Acetaldehyde adsorbs strongly over Na-Y and desorbs molecularly at around 400 K with very limited extent of condensation or polymerization. Reaction between CH3CHO and NO, takes place in coadsorption experiments even at 300 K. In the initial step, acetaldehyde is oxidized to acetic acid accompanied by the formation of NO, which can be observed as N2O3 formed via a further reaction between NO and NO2. The key intermediates in the overall NOx reduction in this process are nitromethane and, possibly, nitrosomethane, which form in the next step. Their decomposition and further reaction with adsorbed NOx species lead to the formation of HCN, HNCO, N2O, CO2, and organic nitrile species identified by their characteristic IR vibrational signatures. At 473 K, the reaction between adsorbed CH3CHO and NO, is very fast. The results seem to suggest a mechanism in which N-N bond formation takes place among ionic nitrogen containing species (NO+ and CN- or NCO-). No evidence has been found to suggest the participation of NHx+NOy- type species in the N-N bond formation under the experimental conditions of this study, although their role in the overall N-2 formation process cannot be ruled out under realistic catalytic conditions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Szanyi, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM janos.szanyi@pnl.gov RI Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 4 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 44 BP 17050 EP 17058 DI 10.1021/jp048064 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 867CT UT WOS:000224820500010 ER PT J AU Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Pegna, DL Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Bryant, AD Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vdandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Pegna, DL Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Bryant, AD Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vdandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M CA FOCUS Collaboration TI Study of the doubly and singly Cabibbo suppressed decays D+ -> K+pi(+)pi(-) and D-s(+) -> K+pi(+)pi(-) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DALITZ PLOTS; D-0 AB Using data collected by the high energy photoproduction experiment FOCUS at Fermilab we study the doubly and singly Cabibbo suppressed decays D+ and D-S(+) --> K(+)pi(+)pi(-). Our measurements of Gamma(D+ --> K(+)pi(+)pi(-))/Gamma(D+ --> K(-)pi(+)pi(+)) = 0.0065 +/- 0.0008 +/- 0.0004 and Gamma(D-s(+) --> K(+)pi(+)pi(-))/Gamma(D+ --> K(+)K(-)pi(+)) = 0.127 +/- 0.007 +/- 0.014 are based on samples of 189 +/- 24 D+ and 567 +/- 31 D-s(+) reconstructed events, respectively. We also present Dalitz plot analyses of the two decay channels; the amplitude analysis of the D-S(+) --> K(+)pi(+)pi(-) mode is performed for the first time. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Guanajuato, Leon 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Dipartimento Fis Teorica & Nucl, Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Edera, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM laura.edera@mi.infn.it RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014; OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Kutschke, Robert/0000-0001-9315-2879; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Gianini, Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Kryemadhi, Abaz/0000-0002-1240-2803 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD NOV 4 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.09.022 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 864GB UT WOS:000224620900002 ER EF