FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Ghezzehei, TA AF Ghezzehei, TA TI Constraints for flow regimes on smooth fracture surfaces SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE constraints; drop; film; fracture; rivulet; unsaturated ID LIQUID-FILM; MINIMUM THICKNESS; ROCK FRACTURES; FALLING FILMS; POROUS-MEDIA; 2-PHASE FLOW; RELATIVE PERMEABILITY; VERTICAL SURFACE; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; INCLINED PLANE AB [ 1] In recent years, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the complex flow processes in individual fractures, aided by flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts. These advances have led to the recognition of several flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. For an idealized smooth fracture surface the most important regimes are film flow, rivulet flow, and sliding of droplets. The existence of such significantly dissimilar flow regimes has been a major hindrance in the development of self-consistent conceptual models of flow for single fracture surfaces that encompass all the flow regimes. The objective of this study is to delineate the existence of the different flow regimes in individual fracture surfaces. For steady state flow conditions, we developed physical constraints on the different flow regimes that satisfy minimum energy configurations, which enabled us to segregate the wide range of fracture flux ( volumetric flow rate per fracture width) into several flow regimes. These are, in increasing order of flow rate, flow of adsorbed films, flow of sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and unstable ( turbulent) film flow. The scope of this study is limited to wide-aperture smooth fractures with the flow on the opposing sides of fracture being independent. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ghezzehei, TA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, MS 90R1116,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM taghezzehei@lbl.gov RI Ghezzehei, Teamrat/G-7483-2011 OI Ghezzehei, Teamrat/0000-0002-0287-6212 NR 55 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV 4 PY 2004 VL 40 IS 11 AR W11503 DI 10.1029/2004WR003164 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 870DK UT WOS:000225034000003 ER PT J AU Luo, WF AF Luo, WF TI (LiNH2-MgH2): a viable hydrogen storage system SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen storage materials; new type of hydrogen absorber; gas-solid reaction; thermodynamics ID SODIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDES AB One of the problems related to the employment of hydrogen-based fuel cells for vehicular transportation is "on board" storage. Hydrogen storage in solids has long been recognized as one of the most practical approaches for this purpose. The capacity of existing storage materials is markedly below that needed for vehicular use. Recently Chen et al. [Nature 420 (21) (2002) 302; J. Phys. Chem. B 107 (2003) 10967] reported a lithium nitride/imide system, with a high capacity, 11.5 wt.%, however, its operating temperature and pressure are not satisfactory for vehicular application. In this research a new storage material has been developed, which is from the partial substitution of lithium by magnesium in the nitride/imide system. The plateau pressure of this new Mg-substituted system is about 30 bar and 200degreesC with a H capacity of 4.5 wt.% and possibly higher. This is a very promising H-storage material for "on board" storage for vehicular applications. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt Mat Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Luo, WF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt Mat Sci Dept, MS 9403,7011 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wluo@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 369 Z9 374 U1 10 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 381 IS 1-2 BP 284 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.119 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 866GP UT WOS:000224762300047 ER PT J AU Gubbiotti, G Conti, M Carlotti, G Candeloro, P Di Fabrizio, E Guslienko, KY Andre, A Bayer, C Slavin, AN AF Gubbiotti, G Conti, M Carlotti, G Candeloro, P Di Fabrizio, E Guslienko, KY Andre, A Bayer, C Slavin, AN TI Magnetic field dependence of quantized and localized spin wave modes in thin rectangular magnetic dots SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID PRISMS AB The magnetic field dependences of the frequencies of standing spin-wave modes in a tangentially magnetized array of thin rectangular permalloy dots (800 x 550 nm) were measured experimentally by a Brillouin light scattering technique and calculated theoretically using an approximate size-dependent quantization of the spin-wavevector components in the dipole-exchange dispersion equation for spin waves propagating in a continuous magnetic film. It was found that the inhomogeneous internal bias magnetic field of the dot has a strong influence on the profiles of the lowest spin-wave standing modes. In addition, the dynamic magnetization distributions found for both longitudinally and transversely magnetized long magnetic stripes gives a good approximation for mode distributions in a rectangular dot magnetized along one of its in-plane sides. An approximate analytic theory of exchange-dominated spin-wave modes, strongly localized along the dot edge that is perpendicular to the bias magnetic field, is developed. A good quantitative agreement with the results of the BLS experiment is found. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Unita Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Unita INFM, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. INFM, TASC, LILIT Beamline, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbere Phys & Forschungsschwerpunkt MINAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. Oakland Univ, Dept Phys, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Gubbiotti, G (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Unita Perugia, Via Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. EM gubbiotti@fisica.unipg.it OI candeloro, patrizio/0000-0001-6156-887X NR 23 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 43 BP 7709 EP 7721 AR PII S0953-8984(04)84341-8 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/43/011 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 871UP UT WOS:000225159700014 ER PT J AU Schmeltzer, D Bishop, AR AF Schmeltzer, D Bishop, AR TI Z(2) gauge theory of electron fractionalization in the t, t '-J model with uniaxial anisotropy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID STRONGLY CORRELATED SYSTEMS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; STATE AB We consider a strongly correlated t, t'-J spin model with a positive uniaxial anisotropy. We show that in 2 + 1 dimensions this model is equivalent to spinon and holon excitations coupled to a Z(2) Ising gauge field. The Z(2) gauge field represents the vortex monopole excitations of the X-Y model. As a function of the hole concentration the X-Y model has two phases: a spin wave phase and a free vortex monopole phase. In the spin wave phase the spinons and the holons are weakly interacting, giving rise to a spin-charge separated phase which at zero temperature is superconducting. When the hole concentration increases the Z(2) excitations (the monopole currents) become free, giving rise to holon-spinon binding. The destruction of superconductivity at zero temperature coincides with the appearance of the free monopole currents. C1 CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schmeltzer, D (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 43 BP 7753 EP 7762 AR PII S0953-8984(04)81567-4 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/43/014 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 871UP UT WOS:000225159700017 ER PT J AU Jackson, BL Groves, JT AF Jackson, BL Groves, JT TI Scanning probe lithography on fluid lipid membranes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; COMPOSITION ARRAYS; BILAYERS; ORGANIZATION; SUPPORTS; SCALE C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Groves, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtgroves@lbl.gov NR 21 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 13878 EP 13879 DI 10.1021/ja046040a PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600001 PM 15506721 ER PT J AU Long, DL Abbas, H Kogerler, P Cronin, L AF Long, DL Abbas, H Kogerler, P Cronin, L TI A high-nuclearity "Celtic-Ring" isopolyoxotungstate, [H12W36O120] that captures trace potassium ions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BUILDING-BLOCKS; CLUSTERS C1 Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cronin, L (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM L.Cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk RI Cronin, Leroy/B-7752-2008; Long, Deliang/C-3500-2011; Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Cronin, Leroy/0000-0001-8035-5757; Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 13 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 13880 EP 13881 DI 10.1021/ja046410v PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600002 PM 15506722 ER PT J AU Malak, RA Gao, ZN Wishart, JF Isied, SS AF Malak, RA Gao, ZN Wishart, JF Isied, SS TI Long-range electron transfer across peptide bridges: The transition from electron superexchange to hopping SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; DNA; MECHANISM; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wishart, JF (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM isied@rutchem.rutgers.edu RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 NR 25 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 13888 EP 13889 DI 10.1021/ja0401040 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600006 PM 15506726 ER PT J AU Wilson, ZS Macaluso, RT Bauer, ED Smith, JL Thompson, JD Fisk, Z Stanley, GG Chan, JY AF Wilson, ZS Macaluso, RT Bauer, ED Smith, JL Thompson, JD Fisk, Z Stanley, GG Chan, JY TI Rare beryllium icosahedra in the intermediate valence compound CeBe13 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chan, JY (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jchan@lsu.edu RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Chan, Julia/C-5392-2008 OI Chan, Julia/0000-0003-4434-2160 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 13926 EP 13927 DI 10.1021/ja045861c PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600025 PM 15506745 ER PT J AU Tiede, DM Zhang, RT Chen, LX Yu, LH Lindsey, JS AF Tiede, DM Zhang, RT Chen, LX Yu, LH Lindsey, JS TI Structural characterization of modular supramolecular architectures in solution SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; ULTRAFAST ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SHAPE-PERSISTENT MACROCYCLES; TEMPLATE-DIRECTED SYNTHESIS; HEXAMERIC PORPHYRIN ARRAYS; MULTIPORPHYRIN ARRAYS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; STATE; COMMUNICATION AB Structures of modular supramolecular architectures consisting of a hexameric, diphenylethyne-linked porphyrin macrocyclic array and the corresponding host-guest complex formed by inclusion of a tripyridyl guest molecule were characterized in solution using high-angle X-ray scattering. Scattering measurements made to 6 Angstrom resolution coupled with pair distance function (PDF) analyses demonstrated that (1) the porphyrin architectures are not rigid but are distributed across a conformational ensemble with a mean diameter that is 1.5 Angstrom shorter than the diameter of a symmetric, energy-minimized model structure, (2) the conformational envelope has limits of 3 Angstrom positional dispersion and full rotational freedom for all six porphyrin groups, and (3) insertion of the tripyridyl guest molecule expands the diameter of the host conformer by 0.6 Angstrom and decreases the configurational dispersion by approximately 2-fold. These results validate the molecular design, provide a new measure of conformational ensembles in solution that cannot be obtained by other techniques, and establish a structural basis for understanding the photophysical and guest-hosting functions of the hexameric porphyrin architectures in liquids. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Tiede, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tiede@anl.gov RI Lindsey, Jonathan/J-7761-2012 NR 52 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 14054 EP 14062 DI 10.1021/ja048209q PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600049 PM 15506769 ER PT J AU Gordon, VD Xi, C Hutchinson, JW Bausch, AR Marquez, M Weitz, DA AF Gordon, VD Xi, C Hutchinson, JW Bausch, AR Marquez, M Weitz, DA TI Self-assembled polymer membrane capsules inflated by osmotic pressure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID L-LYSINE; ENCAPSULATION; ENDOSTATIN; RELEASE; RAMAN; CELLS; PH AB We fabricate and characterize capsules that are composite membranes, made of a polymer network stabilized by adsorption to colloids and inflated by osmotic pressure from internal free polyelectrolyte; here, poly-L-lysine forms the network and inflates the capsules. To assess these capsules' properties and structure, we deform capsules using microcantilevers and use finite element modeling to describe these deformations. Additional experimental tests confirm the model's validity. These capsules' resilient response to mechanical forces indicates that loading and shear should be good triggers for the release of contents via deformation. The osmotic pressure inflating these capsules has the potential to trigger release of contents via deflation in response to changes in the capsules' environment; we demonstrate addition of salt as a trigger for deflating capsules. Because these capsules have a variety of release triggers available and the technique used to fabricate them is very flexible and allows high encapsulation efficiency, these capsules have very high potential for application in many areas. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Tech Univ Munich, Lehrstuhl Biophys E22, D-8000 Munich, Germany. Kraft Gen Foods Inc, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. RP Weitz, DA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM weitz@deas.harvard.edu RI Hutchinson, John/B-1221-2008; Chen, Xi/B-1539-2008; OI Hutchinson, John/0000-0003-2051-3105; Chen, Xi/0000-0002-2428-180X; Gordon, Vernita/0000-0002-5989-9378 NR 30 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 3 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 43 BP 14117 EP 14122 DI 10.1021/ja0474749 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 867WN UT WOS:000224873600056 PM 15506776 ER PT J AU Lemon, C Wolf, RA Hill, TW Sazykin, S Spiro, RW Toffoletto, FR Birn, J Hesse, M AF Lemon, C Wolf, RA Hill, TW Sazykin, S Spiro, RW Toffoletto, FR Birn, J Hesse, M TI Magnetic storm ring current injection modeled with the Rice Convection Model and a self-consistent magnetic field SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; SHEET; MAGNETOSPHERE AB [ 1] We simulate plasma transport from the plasma sheet to the ring current, for the first time including the feedback effect of the drifting particles on both the electric and magnetic fields. Results suggest that strong, steady adiabatic convection throughout the middle plasma sheet leads to a highly stretched inner plasma sheet, but no ring current particle flux increases. We subsequently impose a substantial reduction of the specific entropy PV(5/3) near midnight outside 10 RE, where P is particle pressure and V = xi ds/B is flux tube volume. This produces a strong enhancement of the asymmetric ring current, which becomes symmetric when the pressure depletion and strong convection are quelled. We suggest that a reduction of the specific entropy in a region of the inner plasma sheet, apparently by some process that violates the assumption of adiabatic drift, plays a major role in the injection of a storm-time ring current. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Lemon, C (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM colby@rice.edu RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; Sazykin, Stanislav/C-3775-2008 OI Sazykin, Stanislav/0000-0002-9401-4248 NR 20 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 2 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 21 AR L21801 DI 10.1029/2004GL020914 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 870CA UT WOS:000225030400003 ER PT J AU Guico, RS Narayanan, S Jin, W Shull, KR AF Guico, RS Narayanan, S Jin, W Shull, KR TI Dynamics of polymer/metal nanocomposite films at short times as studied by X-ray standing waves SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID DIBLOCK-COPOLYMER; POLY(TERT-BUTYL ACRYLATE); GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SURFACE AB X-ray standing waves generated by total external reflection from a silver mirror were used to monitor the mobility of metal particles in ultrathin polymer matrices with subnanometer spatial resolution in the direction perpendicular to the film surface. The particular model system consisted of gold nanoparticles deposited onto poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) by thermal evaporation. Particles remained at the free surface of a PtBA film during annealing treatments above the polymer glass transition temperature but were able to diffuse when a second polymer layer was added to create sandwich samples with a buried gold layer. In these sandwich samples the gold distribution broadened with time and moved toward the polymer layer with the highest mobility. The polymer mobility is affected by the molecular weight of the polymer itself and by the substrate with which the layer is in contact. Values of the gold particle diffusion coefficients obtained from the broadening of the distribution are coupled to the terminal relaxation time of the polymer. An effective step size, defined as the average distance a gold particle moves within the relaxation time of the polymer, is equal to a few percent of the tube diameter. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shull, KR (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Shull, Kenneth/B-7536-2009 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 2 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 22 BP 8357 EP 8363 DI 10.1021/ma0486593 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 866RC UT WOS:000224789600028 ER PT J AU Hakem, IF Lal, J Bockstaller, MR AF Hakem, IF Lal, J Bockstaller, MR TI Binding of monovalent ions to PEO in solution: Relevant parameters and structural transitions SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR; METHANOL; SALTS; WATER AB We present a comparative small-angle neutron scattering and theoretical study of the charging effects of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in the presence of monovalent ions as a function of the solvent characteristics and cation strength, and we demonstrate that the classical "salting-in" condition is constituted by distinct subregimes depending on salt and solvent characteristics. In solvents with moderate dielectric constant and moderate hydrogen- bonding capacity, two distinct regimes can be distinguished: (1) at low ionic strengths, the addition of salts primarily results in the formation of polymer-cation association complexes and thus in charging of the polymer chain (binding regime); (2) at higher salt concentrations, the binding of ions becomes increasingly unfavorable, resulting in the screening of electrostatic interactions and neutral polymer-like characteristics of PEO are observed (screening regime). The extent of ion-binding is compared to predictions based on mean-field theory in the thermodynamic limit, and it is shown that the pseudo-polyelectrolyte type changes in the polymer's conformation can successfully be described by the random phase approximation. In solvents of high dielectric constant or pronounced hydrogen-bonding capacity, the solvation of ions counteracts the complex formation process, and PEO effectively remains a neutral polymer in solution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tlemcen Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Tilimsen 13000, Algeria. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Tech & Macromol Chem, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. RP Hakem, IF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ifhakem@yahoo.fr; bockstaller@dwi.rwth-aachen.de RI Hakem, Ilhem F. /C-8374-2014; Bockstaller, Michael/A-9124-2011 OI Bockstaller, Michael/0000-0001-9046-9539 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 2 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 22 BP 8431 EP 8440 DI 10.1021/ma0495801 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 866RC UT WOS:000224789600038 ER PT J AU Tsige, M Lorenz, CD Stevens, MJ AF Tsige, M Lorenz, CD Stevens, MJ TI Role of network connectivity on the mechanical properties of highly cross-linked polymers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID EPOXY-RESINS; FUNCTIONALITY; ARCHITECTURE; FRACTURE; SURFACE AB The effects of mixed functionality and degree of curing on the stress-strain behavior of highly cross-linked polymer networks are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The networks are made dynamically in a manner similar to epoxy network formation, and the average functionality of the cross-linker, f(av), is systematically varied from 3 to 6 by mixing cross-linkers with functionalities f = 3, 4, and 6. Stress-strain curves are determined for each system from tensile pull simulations. The range of strain of the plateau region (R-P) in the stress-strain curve, failure strain (is an element of(f)), and failure stress (sigma(f)) for fully cured networks are found to have a power law dependence on f(av) as similar tof(av)(alpha). For R-P and is an element of(f), alpha is determined to be -1.22(3) and -1.26(4), respectively. The failure strain is equal to the strain needed to make taut the maximum of the minimal paths through the network connecting the two solid surfaces. The failure stress, however, shows two distinct regions. For f(av)(alpha) less than or equal to 4, sigma(f) increases with increase in f(av) and alpha = 1.22(5). In this f(av) regime, the work to failure is constant. For f(av)(alpha) greater than or equal to 4, the systems fail interfacially, av sigma(f) becomes a constant, and work to failure decreases with fav. These mechanical properties are also found to depend on the degree of curing. With decrease in percentage of curing, failure stress decreases and failure strain increases. The mode of failure changes from interfacial to bulk. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tsige, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mtsige@sandia.gov NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 2 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 22 BP 8466 EP 8472 DI 10.1021/ma049074b PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 866RC UT WOS:000224789600041 ER PT J AU Xu, GY Gehring, PM Ghosh, VJ Shirane, G AF Xu, GY Gehring, PM Ghosh, VJ Shirane, G TI High-q-resolution neutron scattering technique using triple-axis spectrometers SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; CRYSTAL; DIFFRACTION; TRANSITION; CUGEO3 AB A new technique is presented that gives a substantial increase in the wavevector q resolution of triple-axis spectrometers by matching the measurement wavevector q to the reflection tau(a) of a perfect-crystal analyzer. A relative Bragg width of deltaq/Q similar to 10(-4) can be achieved with reasonable collimation settings. This technique is very useful in measuring small structural changes and line broadenings that cannot be accurately measured with conventional set-ups, while keeping all the strengths of a triple-axis spectrometer. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Xu, GY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gxu@bnl.gov RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010; OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7673 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 BP 598 EP 603 DI 10.1107/S0108767304022652 PN 6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 865IP UT WOS:000224696200012 PM 15507743 ER PT J AU Ni, SS Robinson, H Marsing, GC Bussiere, DE Kennedy, MA AF Ni, SS Robinson, H Marsing, GC Bussiere, DE Kennedy, MA TI Structure of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase from Shewanella oneidensis at 1.6 angstrom: identification of farnesyl pyrophosphate trapped in a hydrophobic cavity SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID NON-MEVALONATE PATHWAY; ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; 2,4-CYCLODIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENZYME; REFINEMENT; MECHANISM; GEOMETRY; RELEVANT; PROTEINS AB Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is a universal building block for the ubiquitous isoprenoids that are essential to all organisms. The enzymes of the non-mevalonate pathway for IPP synthesis, which is unique to many pathogenic bacteria, have recently been explored as targets for antibiotic development. Several crystal structures of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclophosphate (MECDP) synthase, the fifth of seven enzymes involved in the non-mevalonate pathway for synthesis of IPP, have been reported; however, the composition of metal ions in the active site and the presence of a hydrophobic cavity along the non-crystallographic threefold symmetry axis has varied between the reported structures. Here, the structure of MEDCP from Shewanella oneidensis MR1 (SO3437) was determined to 1.6 Angstrom resolution in the absence of substrate. The presence of a zinc ion in the active-site cleft, tetrahedrally coordinated by two histidine side chains, an aspartic acid side chain and an ambiguous fourth ligand, was confirmed by zinc anomalous diffraction. Based on analysis of anomalous diffraction data and typical metal-to-ligand bond lengths, it was concluded that an octahedral sodium ion was 3.94 Angstrom from the zinc ion. A hydrophobic cavity was observed along the threefold non-crystallographic symmetry axis, filled by a well defined non-protein electron density that could be modeled as farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), a downstream product of IPP, suggesting a possible feedback mechanism for enzyme regulation. The high-resolution data clarified the FPP-binding mode compared with previously reported structures. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that the residues critical to the formation of the hydrophobic cavity and for coordinating the pyrophosphate group of FPP are present in the majority of MEDCP synthase enzymes, supporting the idea of a specialized biological function related to FPP binding in a subfamily of MEDCP synthase homologs. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma_kennedy@pnl.gov NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 BP 1949 EP 1957 DI 10.1107/S0907444904021791 PN 11 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 863WW UT WOS:000224595200004 PM 15502301 ER PT J AU Zwart, PH Banumathi, S Dauter, M Dauter, Z AF Zwart, PH Banumathi, S Dauter, M Dauter, Z TI Radiation-damage-induced phasing with anomalous scattering: substructure solution and phasing SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAYS; PROTEIN; REFINEMENT; IODINATION; ABSORPTION; WAVELENGTH; TYROSINE; CRYSTALS; SHELXD AB Substructure-solution and phasing procedures using a combination of anomalous scattering and radiation-damage-induced isomorphous differences have been investigated. The tyrosine residues in thaumatin were iodinated with N-iodosuccinimide in the crystalline form as well as prior to crystallization. Several data sets were collected from both forms and used for substructure solution and phasing using various protocols, employing anomalous, isomorphous or both these signals. It was shown that combination of the anomalous and isomorphous signals in the form of the RIPAS (radiation-damage-induced phasing with anomalous scattering) strategy is beneficial for both locating the substructure and subsequent phasing. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, MCL, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Basic Res Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, MCL, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dauter@bnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 30 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 BP 1958 EP 1963 DI 10.1107/S0907444904021730 PN 11 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 863WW UT WOS:000224595200005 PM 15502302 ER PT J AU Singh, DD Saikrishnan, K Kumar, P Dauter, Z Sekar, K Surolia, A Vijayan, M AF Singh, DD Saikrishnan, K Kumar, P Dauter, Z Sekar, K Surolia, A Vijayan, M TI Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray structure analysis of the banana lectin from Musa paradisiaca SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BETA-PRISM FOLD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CARBOHYDRATE SPECIFICITIES; PLANT-LECTINS; RECOGNITION; MANNOSE; JACALIN; AGGLUTININ; ARTOCARPIN; REVEALS AB The banana lectin from Musa paradisiaca, MW 29.4 kDa, has been isolated, purified and crystallized. The trigonal crystals contain one dimeric molecule in the asymmetric unit. The structure has been solved using molecular replacement to a resolution of 3 Angstrom. The structure of the subunit is similar to that of jacalin-like lectins. C1 Indian Inst Sci, Mol Biophys Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Bioinformat Ctr, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Indian Inst Sci, Supercomp Educ & Res Ctr, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Vijayan, M (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Mol Biophys Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM my@mbu.iisc.ernet.in RI SUROLIA, AVADESHA/C-5442-2009 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 BP 2104 EP 2106 DI 10.1107/S0907444904024114 PN 11 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 863WW UT WOS:000224595200044 PM 15502341 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Chen, JR Gu, YX Zheng, CD Jiang, F Fan, HF Terwilliger, TC Hao, Q AF Wang, JW Chen, JR Gu, YX Zheng, CD Jiang, F Fan, HF Terwilliger, TC Hao, Q TI SAD phasing by combination of direct methods with the SOLVE/RESOLVE procedure. (vol D60, pg 1244, 2004) SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Correction C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cornell Univ, Wilson Synchrotron Lab 273, MacCHESS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Fan, HF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. EM fan@mail.iphy.ac.cn RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 BP 2114 EP 2114 DI 10.1107/S090744490402390X PN 11 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 863WW UT WOS:000224595200047 ER PT J AU Degrassi, G Bartl, A Beccaria, M Brignole, A Djouadi, A Eberl, H Freitas, A Guasch, J Heinemeyer, S Hollik, W Kalinowski, J Kneur, JL Kraml, S Majerotto, W Masiero, A Moortgat-Pick, G Moultaka, G Muhlleitner, M Renard, FM Rossi, A Sola, J Slavich, P Spira, M Stockinger, D Weiglein, G Verzegnassi, C Zerwas, PM AF Degrassi, G Bartl, A Beccaria, M Brignole, A Djouadi, A Eberl, H Freitas, A Guasch, J Heinemeyer, S Hollik, W Kalinowski, J Kneur, JL Kraml, S Majerotto, W Masiero, A Moortgat-Pick, G Moultaka, G Muhlleitner, M Renard, FM Rossi, A Sola, J Slavich, P Spira, M Stockinger, D Weiglein, G Verzegnassi, C Zerwas, PM TI SUSY particle physics summary SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Particle Physics Phenomenology at High Energy Colliders CY SEP 26-27, 2004 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP European Union ID ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; ONE-LOOP CORRECTIONS; HIGGS-BOSON DECAYS; NEUTRALINO PAIR PRODUCTION; CP-SENSITIVE OBSERVABLES; SUPERSYMMETRIC THEORIES; CHARGINO PRODUCTION; STANDARD MODEL; MUON; MSSM AB A review of the activity of the European Network "Physics at Colliders" in the area of SUSY particle physics is presented. C1 Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Univ Lecce, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Montpellier 2, Phys Math Lab, F-34095 Montpellier 02, France. Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Hochenergiephys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Durham, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, E-8028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. DESY, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. RP Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Phys, Waehringer Guertel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RI Kalinowski, Jan/D-8627-2013; Guasch, Jaume/C-5040-2014 OI Guasch, Jaume/0000-0001-9641-5355 NR 84 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAGIELLONIAN UNIV PRESS PI KRAKOW PA UL MICHALOWSKIEGO 9-2, KRAKOW, 31126, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 35 IS 11 BP 2711 EP 2726 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 872PY UT WOS:000225220900012 ER PT J AU Bond, RB Edwards, JR AF Bond, RB Edwards, JR TI Computational analysis of an independent ramjet stream in a combined cycle engine SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SCHEME AB A new concept for the low-speed propulsion mode in rocket-based combined cycle engines has been developed as part of the NASA GTX program. This concept, called the independent ramjet stream (IRS) cycle, is a variation of the traditional ejector ramjet (ER) design and involves the injection of hydrogen fuel directly into the airstream, where it is ignited by the rocket plume. The advantage of the IRS design is that it allows for a single large rocket instead of several smaller rockets, and its required combustor length is smaller than that of a traditional ER design. Both of these features make the IRS design lighter. Experiments and computational fluid dynamics are currently being used to evaluate the feasibility of the new design. In this work, a Navier-Stokes code valid for general reactive flows is applied to the model engine under cold-flow, ER, and IRS cycle operation. Pressure distributions corresponding to cold-flow and ER operation are compared with experimental data. The engine response under IRS cycle operation is examined for different reaction models and grid sizes. The solutions exhibit a high sensitivity to both grid resolution and reaction mechanism but do indicate that thermal throat ramjet operation is possible through the injection and burning of additional fuel into the airstream. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 0825, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rbbond@sandia.gov; jredward@eos.ncsu.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 42 IS 11 BP 2276 EP 2283 DI 10.2514/1.4465 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 869FH UT WOS:000224968300011 ER PT J AU Marra, JC Jantzen, CM AF Marra, JC Jantzen, CM TI Glass - An environmental protector SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Marra, JC (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 83 IS 11 BP 12 EP 16 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 871LB UT WOS:000225134100034 ER PT J AU Stange, AW Furman, FJ Hilmas, DE AF Stange, AW Furman, FJ Hilmas, DE TI The beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test: Relevant issues in beryllium health surveillance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE beryllium; lymphocyte proliferation test; sensitivity; chronic beryllium disease; health surveillance; occupational ID POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; NATURAL-HISTORY; LUNG-DISEASE; SENSITIZATION; AGREEMENT; CANCER; COEFFICIENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Background The beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (Be-LPT) measures beryllium-specific cellular immune response, and is useful in medical surveillance of beryllium sensitivity and chronic beryllium disease (CBD). Methods Current and former employees (n = 12,194) of 18 United States Department Of Energy (DOE) sites were tested for beryllium sensitization at four laboratories with Be-LPT expertise. Beryllium sensitized individuals were offered evaluations for CBD. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of the Be-LPT were determined, as was inter- and intra-laboratory agreement. Results False positives were calculated to be 1.09%, with a laboratory range of 0.00-3.35% for the 10-year investigation. Be-LPTs performed on inter-laboratory split blood specimens from sensitized individuals showed a false negative rate of 31.7%. The intra-laboratory repeatability of abnormal Be-LPT results ranged from 80.4-91.9%. The sensitivity of the Be-LPT was determined to be 0.683, with a specificity of 0.969. The PPV of one abnormal Be-LPT was 0.253. Conclusions The Be-LPT is efficacious in medical surveillance of beryllium-exposed individuals. The PPV of the Be-LPT is comparable to other widely accepted medical tests. Confirmation of an abnormal result is recommended to assure appropriate referral for CBD medical evaluation. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Incdagger. C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Ctr Epidemiol Res, Arvada, CO 80005 USA. RP Stange, AW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Ctr Epidemiol Res, 9950 W 80th Ave,Suite 17, Arvada, CO 80005 USA. EM stangea@orau.gov NR 33 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 5 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1002/ajim.20082 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 870RZ UT WOS:000225076900004 PM 15490468 ER PT J AU Park, CY Fenter, P Zhang, Z Cheng, LW Sturchio, NC AF Park, CY Fenter, P Zhang, Z Cheng, LW Sturchio, NC TI Structure of the fluorapatite (100)-water interface by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; NONSTOICHIOMETRIC HYDROXYAPATITES; STRONTIUM HYDROXYAPATITES; ORTHOCLASE (001)-WATER; CALCIUM HYDROXYAPATITE; OCTACALCIUM PHOSPHATE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; WATER; DIFFRACTION AB A complete understanding of the surface chemistry of the apatite-water system requires direct observation of the interfacial structure at the molecular scale. We report results for the structure of the apatite (100)-water interface obtained with high-resolution specular X-ray reflectivity from a natural growth surface of Durango fluorapatite. A uniform termination at the crystallographic unit-cell boundary was determined. An atomistic model of the interfacial structure is compared to the experimental results and optimized through non-linear least-squares fitting in which the structural parameters were selected to be both physically and chemically plausible. The best-fit structure includes a Ca- and/or F-deficient outermost surface, minimal structural relaxations of the near-surface apatite crystal, and the presence of a layered interfacial water structure exhibiting two distinct water layers. The height of the first water layer is 2.64(9) Angstrom relative to the relaxed surface with 3.5(1.3) water molecules per surface unit-cell area (64.9 Angstrom(2)). A second layer of adsorbed water is found 1.53(5) Angstrom above the first layer, followed by a nearly featureless profile of the bulk liquid water. The layered structure of water is interpreted as being due to hydrogen bonding at the solid-water interface. The interfacial structure shows a strong similarity with the octacalcium phosphate structure projected along a surface normal direction. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Park, CY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cypark@anl.gov RI Zhang, Zhan/A-9830-2008; Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013; Park, Changyong/A-8544-2008 OI Zhang, Zhan/0000-0002-7618-6134; Park, Changyong/0000-0002-3363-5788 NR 45 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 22 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 89 IS 11-12 BP 1647 EP 1654 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 877MS UT WOS:000225575300009 ER PT J AU Labotka, TC Cole, DR Fayek, M Riciputi, LR Stadermann, FJ AF Labotka, TC Cole, DR Fayek, M Riciputi, LR Stadermann, FJ TI Coupled cation and oxygen-isotope exchange between alkali feldspar and aqueous chloride solution SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID NA AB Nanoscale isotope and chemical images of grains of Amelia albite that were reacted with 2 m O-18-enriched solution of KCl show a correspondence between O-isotope exchange and K-Na exchange. Experiments were conducted for 4-6 d at 600 degreesC and 200 MPa. After 6 d, the 150 mum diameter albite grains had 5-20 mum rims in which Na was nearly completely replaced by K and in which the 0 was strongly enriched in O-18. The boundary between the core albite and the K-feldspar replacement is sharp and decorated with numerous pores. The distribution of Na and K, determined by electron probe microanalysis, is uniform within the core and rim and has an abrupt discontinuity at the interface. No evidence exists for K-Na interdiffusion at the resolution of electron probe. The NanoSIMS shows that the interface is also sharp in the distribution of O-18 and O-16. The NanoSIMS image data and the electron probe data were coregistered; principal components analysis of the merged data set shows that 86% of the total variance in the data result from a single principal component loaded by the replacement of Na by K and O-18. The combined electron probe and NanoSIMS analyses indicate that both cation and isotope exchange occurred during solution and reprecipitation of the feldspar. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Labotka, TC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tlabotka@utk.edu NR 12 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 7 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 89 IS 11-12 BP 1822 EP 1825 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 877MS UT WOS:000225575300029 ER PT J AU Loewen, EP AF Loewen, EP TI Heavy-metal nuclear power - Could an unconventional coolant enable reactors to burn radioactive waste and produce both electric power and hydrogen? SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article ID ALLOY-COOLED REACTOR; LEAD-BISMUTH; CORROSION; DESIGN C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Loewen, EP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM loewep@inel.gov NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 BP 522 EP 531 DI 10.1511/2004.50.949 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 861NI UT WOS:000224423100015 ER PT J AU Schaaff, TG AF Schaaff, TG TI Laser desorption and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of 29-kDa Au : SR cluster compounds SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DERIVATIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTAL ARRAYS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MOLECULES; PROTEINS; SPECTRA; SIZE; PHOTOOXIDATION; FLUORESCENT; MONOLAYERS AB Positive and negative ions generated by laser-based ionization methods from three gold:thiolate cluster compounds are mass analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The three compounds have similar inorganic core masses (similar to29 kDa, similar to145 Au atoms) but different n-alkanethiolate ligands associated with each cluster compound (Au:SR, R = butane, hexane, dodecane). Irradiation of neat films (laser desorption/ionization) and films generated by dilution of the cluster compounds in an organic acid matrix (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization) with a nitrogen laser (337 nm) produced distinct ion abundances that are relevant to different structural aspects of the cluster compound. Laser desorption/ionization of neat Au:SR compound films produces ions consistent with the inorganic core mass (i.e., devoid of original hydrocarbon content). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization produces either ions with m/z values consistent with the core mass of the cluster compounds or ions with m/z values consistent with the approximate molecular weight of the cluster compounds, depending on ionization conditions. The ion abundances, and ionization conditions under which they are detected, provide insight into desorption/ionization processes or these unique cluster compounds as well as other analytes typically studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schaaff, TG (reprint author), BWXT Y 12, POB 2009,MS 8189, Oak Ridge, TN 37821 USA. EM schaafftg@y12.doe.gov NR 40 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 21 BP 6187 EP 6196 DI 10.1021/ac0353482 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 867KK UT WOS:000224841300012 PM 15516109 ER PT J AU Sher, AA Bond, AM Gavaghan, DJ Harriman, K Feldberg, SW Duffy, MW Guo, SX Zhang, J AF Sher, AA Bond, AM Gavaghan, DJ Harriman, K Feldberg, SW Duffy, MW Guo, SX Zhang, J TI Resistance, capacitance, and electrode kinetic effects in Fourier-transformed large-amplitude sinusoidal voltammetry: Emergence of powerful and intuitively obvious tools for recognition of patterns of behavior SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; REVERSIBLE PROCESS; SQUARE-WAVE AB Large-amplitude sinusoidal ac voltammetric techniques, when analyzed in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform-inverse Fourier transform sequence, produce the expected dc and fundamental harmonic ac responses in addition to very substantial second, third, and higher ac harmonics that arise from the presence of significant nonlinearity. A full numerical simulation of the process, Red reversible arrow Ox + e(-), incorporates terms for the uncompensated resistance (R-u), capacitance of the double layer (C-dl), and slow electron transfer kinetics (in particular, the reversible potential (E-o), rate constant (k(0)), and charge transfer coefficient (alpha) from the Butler-Volmer model). Identification of intuitively obvious patterns of behavior (with characteristically different sensitivity regimes) in dc, fundamental, and higher harmonic terms enables simple protocols to be developed to estimate R-u,C-dl, E-o, k(0), and alpha. Thus, if large-amplitude sinusoidal cyclic voltammograms are obtained for two concentrations of the reduced species, data obtained from analysis of the recovered signals provide initial estimates of parameters as follows: (a) the dc cyclic component provides an estimate of E-o (because the R-u and k(0) effects are minimized); (b) the fundamental harmonic provides an estimate of Cdl (because it has a high capacitance-to-faradaic current ratio); and (c) the second harmonic provides an estimate of R-u, k(0), and alpha (because the C-dl effect is minimized). Methods of refining the initial estimates are then implemented. As a check on the fidelity of the parameters (estimated on the basis of an essentially heuristic approach that solely utilizes the dc, fundamental, and second harmonic voltammograms), comparison of the predicted simulated and experimental third (or higher) harmonic voltammograms can be made to verify that agreement between theory and experiment has been achieved at a predetermined level. The use of the heuristic pattern recognition approach to evaluate the oxidation of ferrocene at a platinum electrode (a reversible process) in the very high resistance solvent dichloromethane (0.1 M BU4NPF6) and the reduction of [Fe(CN6)]3(-) at a glassy carbon electrode (a quasi-reversible process) in much lower resistance but higher capacitance conditions found in aqueous (0.5 M KCl) media is described and verifies the inherent advantages of employing large-amplitude sinusoidal techniques in quantitative studies of electrode processes. C1 Univ Oxford, Comp Lab, Oxford OX1 3QD, England. Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bond, AM (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Comp Lab, Wolfson Bldg,Pk Rd, Oxford OX1 3QD, England. EM alan.bond@sci.monasb.edu.au; david.gavaghan@comlab.ox.ac.uk RI Zhang, Jie/E-1525-2011; Guo, Si-Xuan/B-9155-2012; Duffy, Noel/G-5590-2010; OI Zhang, Jie/0000-0003-2493-5209; Duffy, Noel/0000-0001-9390-8402; gavaghan, david/0000-0001-8311-3200 NR 25 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 21 BP 6214 EP 6228 DI 10.1021/ac0495337 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 867KK UT WOS:000224841300015 PM 15516112 ER PT J AU Diakonov, D Petrov, V AF Diakonov, D Petrov, V TI Baryons as Fock states of 3,5,... quarks SO ANNALEN DER PHYSIK LA English DT Article DE Baryons; chiral symmetry; Fock states ID LARGE-N-C; SOLITON MODEL; THETA(+); NUCLEON; PENTAQUARK; LIMIT AB We present a generating functional producing quark wave functions of all Fock states in the octet, decuplet and antidecuplet baryons in the mean field approximation, both in the rest and infinite momentum frames. In particular, for the usual octet and decuplet baryons we get the SU(6)-symmetric wave functions for their 3-quark component but with specific corrections from relativism and from additional quark-antiquark pairs. For the exotic antidecuplet baryons we obtain the 5-quark wave function. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NORDITA, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg 188300, Russia. RP Diakonov, D (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM diakonov@nordita.dk RI Diakonov, Dmitri/F-2450-2012; Petrov, Victor/H-9971-2016 OI Diakonov, Dmitri/0000-0003-4334-2513; Petrov, Victor/0000-0002-9403-7757 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0003-3804 J9 ANN PHYS-BERLIN JI Ann. Phys.-Berlin PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11-12 BP 637 EP 650 DI 10.1002/andp.200410106 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 878SG UT WOS:000225666500003 ER PT J AU Frankfurt, L Strikman, M Weiss, C AF Frankfurt, L Strikman, M Weiss, C TI 3D parton imaging of the nucleon in high-energy pp and pA collisions SO ANNALEN DER PHYSIK LA English DT Article DE high-energy hadron-hadron collisions; generalized parton distributions; quanturn chromodynamics ID HADRONS; LHC AB We discuss several examples of how the transverse spatial distribution of partons in the nucleon, as well as multiparton correlations, can be probed by observing hard processes (dijets) in high-energy pp(pp) and pA(dA) collisions. Such studies can complement the information gained from measurements of hard exclusive processes in ep scattering. The transverse spatial distribution of partons determines the distribution over pp impact parameters of events with hard dijet production. Correlations in the transverse positions of partons can be studied in multiple dijet production. We find that the correlation cross section measured by the CDF Collaboration, sigma(eff) = 14.5 +/- 1.7(-2.3)(+1.7) mb, can be explained by "constituent quark" type quark-gluon correlations with r(q) approximate to r(N)/3, as suggested by the instanton liquid model of the QCD vacuum. Longitudinal and transverse multiparton correlations can be separated in a model-independent way by comparing multiple dijet production in pp and pA collisions. Finally, we estimate the cross section for exclusive diffractive Higgs production in pp collisions at LHC (rapidity gap survival probability), by combining the impact parameter distribution implied by the hard partonic process with information about soft interactions gained in pp elastic scattering. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Weiss, C (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM weiss@jlab.org NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0003-3804 EI 1521-3889 J9 ANN PHYS-BERLIN JI Ann. Phys.-Berlin PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11-12 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1002/andp.200410108 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 878SG UT WOS:000225666500005 ER PT J AU Radyushkin, A AF Radyushkin, A TI QCD sum rules and models for generalized parton distributions SO ANNALEN DER PHYSIK LA English DT Article DE quantum chromodynamics; generalized parton distributions; QCD sum rules ID PION FORM-FACTOR; QUARK-HADRON DUALITY; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; COMPTON-SCATTERING; NUCLEON; ELECTROPRODUCTION; RESONANCES; MOMENTUM; BEHAVIOR AB I use QCD sum rule ideas to construct models for generalized parton distributions. To this end, the perturbative parts of QCD sum rules for the pion and nucleon electromagnetic form factors are interpreted in terms of GPDs and two models are discussed. One of them takes the double Borel transform at adjusted value of the Borel parameter as a model for nonforward parton densities, and another is based on the local duality relation. Possible ways of improving these Ansatze are briefly discussed. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Radyushkin, A (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM radyush@jlab.org NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0003-3804 EI 1521-3889 J9 ANN PHYS-BERLIN JI Ann. Phys.-Berlin PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11-12 BP 718 EP 730 DI 10.1002/andp.200410114 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 878SG UT WOS:000225666500011 ER PT J AU Thomas, AW AF Thomas, AW TI New insight into nuclear structure from QCD SO ANNALEN DER PHYSIK LA English DT Article DE quarks and gluons; medium modifications; many-body forces; lattice QCD ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; QUARK-MODEL; FORM-FACTORS; MATTER; SYMMETRY; CONVERGENCE; PHYSICS; MASSES; STATES; SCALE AB The natural building blocks of atomic nuclei within the framework of QCD are colorless clusters of quarks, with the quantum numbers of nucleons but with internal structure modified by the local mean scalar field. A key parameter of the nucleon in such an approach is the scalar polarizability, which characterizes the response of a nucleon to an applied scalar field. This response leads naturally to 3-, 4- and higher-body effective forces, each proportional to a higher power of the scalar polarizabilty. Recent progress on the important problem of chiral extrapolation of lattice QCD data suggests a way to estimate the scalar polarizability of the nucleon, with initial results consistent with successful phenomenlogical estimates. This may be seen as a first step in the struggle to derive nuclear structure from QCD itself. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Thomas, AW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM awthomas@jlab.org OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0003-3804 J9 ANN PHYS-BERLIN JI Ann. Phys.-Berlin PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11-12 BP 731 EP 739 DI 10.1002/andp.200410115 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 878SG UT WOS:000225666500012 ER PT J AU Vanderhaeghen, M AF Vanderhaeghen, M TI Generalized parton distributions, nucleon form factors, and large-t processes SO ANNALEN DER PHYSIK LA English DT Article DE generalized parton distributions; nucleon form factors ID SQUARED 4-MOMENTUM TRANSFERS; ELECTRON-PROTON SCATTERING; N-C LIMIT; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; NEUTRON; (GEV/C)(2); Q(2)=1.75; RATIO; E'N)P; Q2 AB The connection of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) to processes at large momentum transfer (high-t), and the links between GPDs and elastic nucleon form factors are discussed here. These links, in the form of sum rules, represent powerful constraints on parametrizations of GPDs. A Regge parametrization for the GPDs at small-t, which is surprisingly observed from the chiral quark soliton model results, is extended to the large-t region and it is found to catch the basic features of proton and neutron electromagnetic form factor data. It is furthermore discussed how these GPDs at large-t enter into two-photon exchange processes and resolve the discrepancy between Rosenbluth and polarization experiments of elastic electron nucleon scattering. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Vanderhaeghen, M (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM marcvdh@jlab.org NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0003-3804 J9 ANN PHYS-BERLIN JI Ann. Phys.-Berlin PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11-12 BP 740 EP 748 DI 10.1002/andp.200410116 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 878SG UT WOS:000225666500013 ER PT J AU Smith, AB AF Smith, AB TI Fast-neutrons incident on gadolinium SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-MODEL; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; NUCLEI; SCATTERING; RHENIUM AB Measurements of neutron scattering from elemental gadolinium over incident-energy regions of 0.3-1.5 MeV and 4.5-10.0 MeV are presented. These results are interpreted in terms of optical-statistical and coupled-channels models, including consideration of dispersion effects and of scalar and vector potentials. Basic and applied physical implications are discussed. Comparisons are made with other models, and with the ENDF/B-VI evaluated nuclear-data files used in applications. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Physicists Consultat, Ottawa, IL USA. RP Smith, AB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg D-362, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM absmith@td.anl.gov NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 16 BP 1813 EP 1831 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.05.009 PG 19 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 859IY UT WOS:000224257800001 ER PT J AU Talamo, A Gudowski, W Cetnar, J Venneri, F AF Talamo, A Gudowski, W Cetnar, J Venneri, F TI Key physical parameters and temperature reactivity coefficients of the deep burn modular helium reactor fueled with LWRs waste SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID COATED PARTICLE FUEL; GAS-COOLED REACTORS; NUCLEAR-WASTE; MONTE-CARLO; BEHAVIOR; HTGR; TRANSMUTATION; ELEMENTS; RELEASE; SAFETY AB We investigated some important neutronic features of the deep burn modular helium reactor (DB-MHR) using the MCNP/MCB codes. Our attention was focused on the neutron flux and its spectrum, capture to fission ratio of Pu-239 and the temperature coefficient of fuel and moderator. The DB-MHR is a graphite-moderated helium-cooled reactor proposed by General Atomic to address the need for a fast and efficient incineration of plutonium for nonproliferation purposes as well as the management of light water reactors (LWRs) waste. In fact, recent studies have shown that the use of the DB-MHR coupled to ordinary LWRs would keep constant the world inventory of plutonium for a reactor fleet producing 400 TWe/y. In the present studies, the DB-MHR is loaded with Np-Pu driver fuel (DF) with an isotopic composition corresponding to LWRs spent fuel waste. DF uses fissile isotopes (e.g. Pu-239 and Pu-241), previously generated in the LWRs, and maintains criticality conditions in the DB-MHR. After an irradiation of three years, the spent DF is reprocessed and its remaining actinides are manufactured into fresh transmutation fuel (TF). TF mainly contains non-fissile actinides which undergo neutron capture and transmutation during the subsequent three-year irradiation in the DB-MHR. At the same time, TF provides control and negative reactivity feedback to the reactor. After extraction of the spent TF, irradiated for three years, over 94% of Pu-239 and 53% of all actinides coming from LWRs waste will have been destroyed in the DB-MHR. In this paper we look at the operation conditions at equilibrium for the DB-MHR and evaluate fluxes and reactivity responses using state of the art 3-D Monte Carlo simulations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Nucl & Reactor Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Nucl & Reactor Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Min & Met Krakow, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Talamo, A (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Nucl & Reactor Phys, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM alby@neutron.kth.se; wacek@neutron.kth.se; jerzy@neutron.kth.se; venneri@lanl.gov OI talamo, alberto/0000-0001-5685-0483 NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 16 BP 1913 EP 1937 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.05.006 PG 25 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 859IY UT WOS:000224257800006 ER PT J AU Brown, FB Martin, WR AF Brown, FB Martin, WR TI Stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 for the analysis of particle fuel SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; REACTORS AB A stochastic geometry capability has been implemented into the MCNP5 Monte Carlo code. This capability allows the analysis of TRISO particle fuel, allowing for the random locations of the fuel kernels within the graphite matrix. The method has been compared to a MCNP5 benchmark calculation of randomly placed fuel kernels within a box with reflecting boundaries as well as multiple realizations of lattices where the microspheres are randomly located within the equivalent cubical cells. Comparisons are also made to MCNP5 calculations where the fuel kernels are fixed on a cubical lattice. Our preliminary results for infinite medium configurations indicate that the new stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 is an accurate and efficient approach to analyze TRISO particle fuel configurations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Diagnost Applicat Grp X5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Martin, WR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM brown@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 17 BP 2039 EP 2047 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.08.006 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 863MI UT WOS:000224565600008 ER PT J AU Morel, JE Densmore, JD AF Morel, JE Densmore, JD TI A two-component equilibrium-diffusion limit SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB This paper is dedicated to Professor Edward Larsen on the occasion of his 60th birthday. One of us (J.E.M) has collaborated with Ed for over 20 years, while the other (J.D.D) recently received his PhD from the University of Michigan under Ed's direction. Both of us learned asymptotics from Ed, so the subject of this paper is truly appropriate. We congratulate Professor Larsen on his extraordinary record of outstanding technical achievement, and look forward to many more years of fruitful collaborations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morel, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jim@lanl.gov NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 17 BP 2049 EP 2057 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.07.011 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 863MI UT WOS:000224565600009 ER PT J AU Prokopec, T Schmidt, MG Weinstock, S AF Prokopec, T Schmidt, MG Weinstock, S TI Transport equations for chiral fermions to order h and electroweak baryogenesis: Part I SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE baryogenesis; physics of the early universe; CP-violation ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; WEAK PHASE-TRANSITION; QUANTUM-FIELDS; CP-VIOLATION; NONPERTURBATIVE ANALYSIS; BARYON ASYMMETRY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; ADIABATIC LIMIT; EARLY UNIVERSE; BUBBLE WALLS AB This is the first in a series of two papers. In this first part, we use the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism to derive semiclassical Boltzmann transport equations, accurate to order h, for massive chiral fermions, scalar particles, and for the corresponding CP-conjugate states. Our considerations include complex mass terms and mixing fermion and scalar fields, such that CP-violation is naturally included, rendering the equations particularly suitable for studies of baryogenesis at a first order clectroweak phase transition. We provide a quantitative criterion which case the reduction to the diagonal kinetic equations in the mass eigenbasis is justified, leading to a quasiparticle picture even in the case of mixing scalar or fermionic particles. Within the approximations we make, it is possible to first study the Boltzmann equations without the collision term. In a second paper [Ann. Phys. xxx (2004) xxx] we discuss the collision terms and reduce the Boltzmann equations to fluid equations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Prokopec, T (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Theoret Phys, Philosophenweg 16, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM T.Prokopec@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de; M.G.Schmidt@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de; weinstock@bnl.gov NR 87 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 314 IS 1 BP 208 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.aop.2004.06.002 PG 58 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 869QC UT WOS:000224998100008 ER PT J AU Palumbo, AV Schryver, JC Fields, MW Bagwell, CE Zhou, JZ Yan, T Liu, X Brandt, CC AF Palumbo, AV Schryver, JC Fields, MW Bagwell, CE Zhou, JZ Yan, T Liu, X Brandt, CC TI Coupling of functional gene diversity and geochemical data from environmental samples SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; DISSIMILATORY SULFITE REDUCTASE; MULTILAYER FEEDFORWARD NETWORKS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; NEURAL-NETWORKS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR DIVERSITY; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; CROSS-VALIDATION AB Genomic techniques commonly used for assessing distributions of microorganisms in the environment often produce small sample sizes. We investigated artificial neural networks for analyzing the distributions of nitrite reductase genes (nirS and nirK) and two sets of dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB(1) and dsrAB(2)) in small sample sets. Data reduction (to reduce the number of input parameters), cross-validation (to measure the generalization error), weight decay (to adjust model parameters to reduce generalization error), and importance analysis (to determine which variables had the most influence) were useful in developing and interpreting neural network models that could be used to infer relationships between geochemistry and gene distributions. A robust relationship was observed between geochemistry and the frequencies of genes that were not closely related to known dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB2). Uranium and sulfate appeared to be the most related to distribution of two groups of these unusual dsrAB-related genes. For the other three groups, the distributions appeared to be related to pH, nickel, nonpurgeable organic carbon, and total organic carbon. The models relating the geochemical parameters to the distributions of the nirS, nirK, and dsrAB(1) genes did not generalize as well as the models for dsrAB(2). The data also illustrate the danger (generating a model that has a high generalization error) of not using a validation approach in evaluating the meaningfulness of the fit of linear or nonlinear models to such small sample sizes. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Palumbo, AV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM palumboav@ornl.gov RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 67 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 11 BP 6525 EP 6534 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.11.6525-6534.2004 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 870RR UT WOS:000225076100024 PM 15528515 ER PT J AU Agblevor, FA Fu, J Hames, B McMillan, JD AF Agblevor, FA Fu, J Hames, B McMillan, JD TI Identification of microbial inhibitory functional groups in corn stover hydrolysate by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE overliming; inhibition; corn stover hydrolysate; carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance; acetone ID WHEAT-STRAW; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; PICHIA-STIPITIS; DETOXIFICATION; FERMENTATION; LIGNIN; WOOD; LIGNOCELLULOSE; BIOMASS AB Dilute-acid biomass hydrolysates contain biomass degradation products that are inhibitory to cell growth and fermentation. Overliming with Ca(OH)(2) has been found to be one of the most effective methods for detoxifying the dilute-acid hydrolysate for ethanol production. However, the mechanism of overliming is not well understood. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13-NMR) spectroscopy was used to elucidate the functional groups involved in the overliming reaction. The C-13-NMR spectra showed that the major functional groups removed during the overliming process were aliphatic and aromatic acids or esters, and other aromatic and aliphatic compounds. Ketone and aldehyde functionalities were not detected in the spectra. This is the first time that C-13-NMR has been used to elucidate the overliming reaction. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Div Biotechnol, Golden, CO 80641 USA. RP Agblevor, FA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM fagblevo@vt.edu NR 23 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 119 IS 2 BP 97 EP 120 DI 10.1385/ABAB:119:2:097 PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 870GD UT WOS:000225044700001 PM 15531782 ER PT J AU Adapa, PK Tabil, LG Schoenau, GJ Sokhansanj, S AF Adapa, PK Tabil, LG Schoenau, GJ Sokhansanj, S TI Pelleting characteristics of fractionated sun-cured and dehydrated alfalfa grinds SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE fractionation; pelleting; sun-cured alfalfa; dehydrated alfalfa; durability; color; hardness AB A pilot scale pellet mill was used to produce pellets using ground alfalfa leaf and stem fractions. Both sun-cured and dehydrated alfalfa chops were used in the experiments. The moisture content of the sun-cured and dehydrated chops was 8.4% and 9.6% (w.b.), respectively. A stack of two square sieves with different opening sizes and a pan it-ere used to separate leaf and stein fractions. The leaf and stem fractions were further segregated into two sample lots and ground in a hammer mill using screen sizes of 3.20 and 1.98 mm (118 and 5/64 in.). The leaf and stem fractions from each sample lots of same grind sizes were combined to get five different samples with leaf contents ranging from 0% to 100%, in 25% increments. The moisture contents and temperatures of the samples were raised to 10% to 11% (w.b.) and 76degreesC, respectively, in a double chamber steam conditioner prior to the pelleting operation. The temperature of material was further raised to 95degreesC in the pellet mill due to the friction between its roller-die assembly. Average particle sizes of sample lots were determined. Temperatures and moisture contents of samples, after various pelleting stages, were recorded. High durability pellets were produced using fractionated sun-cured alfalfa, irrespective of grind size (except for 100% steins, which was low). Durability fluctuated between high and medium range for dehydrated alfalfa (except for 100% stems, which was low). Greener pellets were produced from dehydrated alfalfa, while harder pellets were produced from sun-cured alfalfa. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Agr & Bioresource Engn, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Mech Engn, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bioenergy Feedstock Dev Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tabil, LG (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Agr & Bioresource Engn, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. EM lope.tabil@usask.ca NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 20 IS 6 BP 813 EP 820 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 887NX UT WOS:000226313900010 ER PT J AU Crouch, CH Carey, JE Shen, M Mazur, E Genin, FY AF Crouch, CH Carey, JE Shen, M Mazur, E Genin, FY TI Infrared absorption by sulfur-doped silicon formed by femtosecond laser irradiation SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PULSES; ELEMENTS AB We microstructured silicon surfaces with femtosecond laser irradiation in the presence of SF6. These surfaces display strong absorption of infrared radiation at energies below the band gap of crystalline silicon. We report the dependence of this below-band gap absorption on microstructuring conditions (laser fluence, number of laser pulses, and background pressure of SF6) along with structural and chemical characterization of the material. Significant amounts of sulfur are incorporated into the silicon over a wide range of microstructuring conditions; the sulfur is embedded in a disordered nanocrystalline layer less than 1 mum thick that covers the microstructures. The most likely mechanism for the below-band gap absorption is the formation of a band of sulfur impurity states overlapping the silicon band edge, reducing the band gap from 1.1 eV to approximately 0.4 eV. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Mazur, E (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 9 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mazur@physics.harvard.edu RI Mazur, Eric/B-8918-2009 NR 20 TC 140 Z9 156 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1635 EP 1641 DI 10.1007/s00339-004-2676-0 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 848JQ UT WOS:000223464000006 ER PT J AU Feit, MD Komashko, AM Rubenchik, AM AF Feit, MD Komashko, AM Rubenchik, AM TI Ultra-short pulse laser interaction with transparent dielectrics SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN THRESHOLDS; OPTICAL-BREAKDOWN; PLASMA FORMATION; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; SHOCK-WAVES; WATER; NANOSECOND; PICOSECOND; ABSORPTION; ABLATION AB The interaction of intense, ultra-short laser pulses (USLP) with a surface of transparent dielectrics is considered. The combination of multi-photon absorption and impact ionization generates a plasma layer at the dielectric boundary. Interaction with the plasma self-consistently determines the amount of reflected, transmitted and absorbed light, and the spatial distribution of electron density. In the present paper, we model the interaction of USLP with transparent dielectrics. We calculate the evolution of electron density profiles and the variation of reflection, transmission and absorption of laser radiation during the pulse. We show that the laser-created surface plasma acts as a filter transmitting only the leading edge of the laser pulse. The transmitted energy is approximately fixed, nearly independent of input pulse energy. The transmitted energy increases with pulse duration. This increased energy is manifested in the formation of cylindrical shock waves directly applicable to recent experiments investigating absorption and shock generation in water. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Feit, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,Mail Stop L-491, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM feit1@llnl.gov RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 NR 20 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1657 EP 1661 DI 10.1007/s00339-004-2683-1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 848JQ UT WOS:000223464000008 ER PT J AU Mao, SS Quere, F Guizard, S Mao, X Russo, RE Petite, G Martin, P AF Mao, SS Quere, F Guizard, S Mao, X Russo, RE Petite, G Martin, P TI Dynamics of femtosecond laser interactions with dielectrics SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFAST ELECTRON DYNAMICS; WHITE-LIGHT CONTINUUM; ULTRASHORT PULSES; TRANSPARENT MATERIALS; OPTICAL-BREAKDOWN; DISPERSIVE MEDIA; HALIDE CRYSTALS; LATTICE-DEFECTS; ALKALI-HALIDES; HOLE PAIRS AB Femtosecond laser pulses appear as an emerging and promising tool for processing wide bandgap dielectric materials for a variety of applications. This article aims to provide an overview of recent progress in understanding the fundamental physics of femtosecond laser interactions with dielectrics that may have the potential for innovative materials applications. The focus of the overview is the dynamics of femtosecond laser-excited carriers and the propagation of femtosecond laser pulses inside dielectric materials. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Saclay, DSM, DRECAM, Serv Photons Atomes & Mol, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Ecole Polytech, CEA, DSM, DRECAM,Lab Solides Irradies, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Mao, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ssmao@lbl.gov RI Quere, Fabien/F-2638-2014 NR 77 TC 245 Z9 251 U1 6 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1695 EP 1709 DI 10.1007/s00339-004-2684-0 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 848JQ UT WOS:000223464000013 ER PT J AU Xu, WT De Long, LE Charlton, T Chisholm, M Lederman, D AF Xu, WT De Long, LE Charlton, T Chisholm, M Lederman, D TI Atomic-scale structural analyses of epitaxial Co/Re superlattices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; INTERFACIAL ROUGHNESS; FE/CR SUPERLATTICES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; MULTILAYERS; ANISOTROPY AB High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have been used to investigate atomic-scale structural properties of Co/Re trilayers and superlattices grown via magnetron sputtering. The sample growth was epitaxial with the (10 (1) over bar0) plane of Co and Re parallel to the (11 (2) over bar0) plane of Al2O3, and the [001] direction of Re and Co coinciding with that of the Al2O3. Both low-angle and high-angle Z-contrast STEM images show a very uniform layer thickness. However, the interface roughness between the Re and Co layers monotonically increases with interface distance from the substrate. These results strongly imply that, in the epitaxial Re/Co superlattice system, interface roughness plays a more important role in the giant magnetoresistance effect than thickness fluctuations of the spacer layer. Previous anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements can be explained in terms of the observed atomic-scale structure. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Xu, WT (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM wxu2@uky.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 18 BP 4082 EP 4084 DI 10.1063/1.1813626 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868DS UT WOS:000224894900042 ER PT J AU Scholl, A Nolting, F Seo, JW Ohldag, H Stohr, J Raoux, S Locquet, JP Fompeyrine, J AF Scholl, A Nolting, F Seo, JW Ohldag, H Stohr, J Raoux, S Locquet, JP Fompeyrine, J TI Domain-size-dependent exchange bias in Co/LaFeO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANTIFERROMAGNETIC SPINS; ANISOTROPY; BILAYERS; MODEL; FILMS AB X-ray microscopy using magnetic linear dichroism of a zero-field-grown multidomain Co/LaFeO3 ferromagnet/antiferromagnet sample shows a local exchange bias of random direction and magnitude. A statistical analysis of the local bias of individual micron-size magnetic domains demonstrates an increasing bias field with decreasing domain size as expected for a random distribution of pinned, uncompensated spins, which are believed to mediate the interface coupling. A linear dependence with the inverse domain diameter is found. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Div Res, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, Zurich Res Lab, CH-8803 Ruschlikon, Switzerland. RP Scholl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM a_scholl@lbl.gov RI Seo, Jin Won/J-3980-2013; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Ohldag, Hendrik/F-1009-2014; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016 OI Seo, Jin Won/0000-0003-4937-0769; NR 17 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 18 BP 4085 EP 4087 DI 10.1063/1.1813633 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868DS UT WOS:000224894900043 ER PT J AU Farahi, RH Passian, A Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Farahi, RH Passian, A Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Microfluidic manipulation via Marangoni forces SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE; LIQUIDS; ACTUATION; DROPS AB A convective flow system is engendered when two liquid droplets, or a liquid droplet and a solid surface, are maintained at different temperatures. Such flows give rise to Marangoni forces which under proper conditions prevent droplet coalescence, cause fluid motion, and dewetting. We present a study of adsorbed and applied fluid movement on a solid surface driven by surface tension gradients created by thermal gradients. Flexible control over the silicone oil and 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene movement is accomplished with an array of individually controllable gold thin film thermal elements on a fused silica substrate surface. We thus demonstrate unlimited fluid movements in one dimension. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Farahi, RH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM farahirh@ornl.gov NR 17 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 18 BP 4237 EP 4239 DI 10.1063/1.1812830 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868DS UT WOS:000224894900094 ER PT J AU Shin, J Meunier, V Baddorf, AP Kalinin, SV AF Shin, J Meunier, V Baddorf, AP Kalinin, SV TI Nonlinear transport imaging by scanning impedance microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACES; OXIDES AB Scanning probe microscopy is an established tool for characterization of the linear static and frequency-dependent lateral electronic transport in materials and devices at the nanoscale. In this letter, a modified scanning impedance microscopy (SIM) technique is proposed to extend the nanoscale transport measurements of intrinsic material properties to the nonlinear regime, through detection of frequency harmonics, and exemplified by a detailed study of a prototypical metal-semiconductor interface. The imaging mechanism, surface-tip contrast transfer, optimal experimental conditions, and potential applications of nonlinear SIM are discussed. This technique can be readily transferred to most cantilever-based scanning probe microscopes. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shin, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jshin4@utk.edu RI Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 18 BP 4240 EP 4242 DI 10.1063/1.1812372 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 868DS UT WOS:000224894900095 ER PT J AU Wemple, CA Wessol, DE Nigg, DW Cogliati, JJ Milvich, ML Frederickson, C Perkins, M Harkin, GJ AF Wemple, CA Wessol, DE Nigg, DW Cogliati, JJ Milvich, ML Frederickson, C Perkins, M Harkin, GJ TI MINERVA - a multi-modal radiation treatment planning system SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy DE treatment planning; neutron capture therapy; multi-modality; transport ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY AB Researchers at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and Montana State University have undertaken development of MINERVA, a patient-centric, multi-modal, radiation treatment planning system. This system can be used for planning and analyzing several radiotherapy modalities, either singly or combined, using common modality independent image and geometry construction and dose reporting and guiding. It employs an integrated, lightweight plugin architecture to accommodate multi-modal treatment planning using standard interface components. The MINERVA design also facilitates the future integration of improved planning technologies. The code is being developed with the Java Virtual Machine for interoperability. A full computation path has been established for molecular targeted radiotherapy treatment planning, with the associated transport plugin developed by researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Development of the neutron transport plugin module is proceeding rapidly with completion expected later this year. Future development efforts will include development of deformable registration methods, improved segmentation methods for patient model definition, and three-dimensional visualization of the patient images, geometry, and dose data. Transport and source plugins will be created for additional treatment modalities, including brachytherapy, external beam proton radiotherapy and the EGSnrc/BEAMnrc codes for external beam photon and electron radiotherapy. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Wemple, CA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM cew@enel.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 745 EP 752 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.049 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300004 PM 15308138 ER PT J AU Casal, MR Gonzalez, SJ Blaumann, HR Longhino, J Larrieu, OAC Wemple, CA AF Casal, MR Gonzalez, SJ Blaumann, HR Longhino, J Larrieu, OAC Wemple, CA TI Comparison of the performance of two NCT treatment planning systems using the therapeutic beam of the RA-6 reactor SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy DE BNCT; hyperthermal beam; NCTPlan; SERA ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; DOSIMETRY AB This work evaluates the performance of two NCT treatment planning systems: NCTPlan, developed by the CNEA and the Harvard-MIT group, and SERA, developed by the INEEL/Montana State University group. The study was performed in some simple geometries with the therapeutical hyperthermal beam of the RA-6 facility at Bariloche, Argentina. The first geometry was a rectangular phantom and calculations and measurements were made along the central beam axis and along a parellel axis, 4 cm apart from the central beam axis. Measurements and calculations were also performed in a cylindrical phantom, to explore the behavior of the treatment planning systems in a geometry simulating an extremity, in accordance with the CNEA clinical protocol. Comments on differences in source definitions and cross sections libraries are also included in the text. It can be seen that both codes give acceptable results on the central beam axis and on a lateral axis, showing good agreement with experimental results. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Inst Oncol Angel H Roffo, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Constituyentes, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Casal, MR (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Inst Oncol Angel H Roffo, Av San Martin 5481, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mcasal@cnea.gov.ar NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 805 EP 810 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.031 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300014 PM 15308148 ER PT J AU Koivunoro, H Bleuel, DL Nastasi, U Lou, TP Reijonen, J Leung, KN AF Koivunoro, H Bleuel, DL Nastasi, U Lou, TP Reijonen, J Leung, KN TI BNCT dose distribution in liver with epithermal D-D and D-T fusion-based neutron beams SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy DE BNCT; MCNP; SERA; liver cancer; accelerator; dose calculation ID CAPTURE THERAPY AB Recently, a new application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment has been introduced. Results have indicated that liver tumors can be treated by BNCT after removal of the liver from the body. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, compact neutron generators based on H-2(d,n)He-3 (D-D) or H-3(t,n)He-4 (D-T) fusion reactions are being developed. Preliminary simulations of the applicability of 2.45 MeV D-D fusion and 14.1 MeV D-T fusion neutrons for in vivo liver tumor BNCT, without removing the liver from the body, have been carried out. MCNP simulations were performed in order to find a moderator configuration for creating a neutron beam of optimal neutron energy and to create a source model for dose calculations with the simulation environment for radiotherapy applications (SERA) treatment planning program. SERA dose calculations were performed in a patient model based on CT scans of the body. The BNCT dose distribution in liver and surrounding healthy organs was calculated with rectangular beam aperture sizes of 20 cm x 20 cm. and 25 cm x 25 cm. Collimator thicknesses of 10 and 15 cm were used. The beam strength to obtain a practical treatment time was studied. In this paper, the beam shaping assemblies for D-D and D-T neutron generators and dose calculation results are presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Osped San Giovanni AS, I-10100 Turin, Italy. RP Koivunoro, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM koivunor@cc.helsinki.fi NR 17 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 853 EP 859 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.043 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300023 PM 15308157 ER PT J AU Trivillin, VA Heber, EM Itoiz, ME Nigg, D Calzetta, O Blaumann, H Longhino, J Schwint, AE AF Trivillin, VA Heber, EM Itoiz, ME Nigg, D Calzetta, O Blaumann, H Longhino, J Schwint, AE TI Radiobiology of BNCT mediated by GB-10 and GB-10 plus BPA in experimental oral cancer SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; HAMSTER-CHEEK POUCH; BORON; BORONOPHENYLALANINE; BIODISTRIBUTION; MODEL; TUMORS AB We previously reported biodistribution and pharmacokinetic data for GB-10 (Na(2)(10)B(10)H(10)) and the combined administration of GB-10 and boronophenylalanine (BPA) as boron delivery agents for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. The aim of the present study was to assess, for the first time, the response of hamster cheek pouch tumors, precancerous tissue and normal tissue to BNCT mediated by GB-10 and BNCT mediated by GB-10 and BPA administered jointly using the thermalized epithermal beam of the RA-6 Reactor at the Bariloche Atomic Center. GB-10 exerted 75.5% tumor control (partial + complete remission) with no damage to precancerous tissue around tumor or to normal tissue. Thus, GB-10 proved to be a therapeutically efficient boron agent in this model despite the fact that it is not taken up selectively by oral tumor tissue. GB-10 exerted a selective effect on tumor blood vessels leading to significant tumor control with a sparing effect on normal tissue. BNCT mediated by the combined administration of GB-10 and BPA resulted in a reduction in the dose to normal tissue and would thus allow for significant escalation of dose to tumor without exceeding normal tissue tolerance. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Constituyentes Atom Ctr, Dept Radiobiol, RA-1650 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Dent, Dept Oral Pathol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. Ctr Atom Bariloche, Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Nucl Engn, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Schwint, AE (reprint author), Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Constituyentes Atom Ctr, Dept Radiobiol, Avenida Gen Paz 1499, RA-1650 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM schwint@cnea.gov.ar OI Schwint, Amanda Elena/0000-0001-6727-3669 NR 17 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 939 EP 945 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.015 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300038 PM 15308172 ER PT J AU Nigg, DW Venhuizen, JR Wemple, CA Tripard, GE Sharp, S Fox, K AF Nigg, DW Venhuizen, JR Wemple, CA Tripard, GE Sharp, S Fox, K TI Flux and instrumentation upgrade for the epithermal neutron beam facility at Washington State University SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy DE BNCT; epithermal neutron beam; preclinical research; boron ID CAPTURE; REACTOR; THERAPY AB An epithermal neutron beam facility for preclinical neutron capture therapy research has been constructed at the Washington State University TRIGA research reactor installation. Subsequent to a recent upgrade, this new facility offers a high-purity epithermal beam with intensity on the order of 1.2 x 10(9) n/cm(2) s. Key features include a fluoride-based design for the neutron filtering and moderating components as well as a novel collimator design that allows ease of assembly and disassembly of the beamline components. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Washington State Univ, Nucl Radiat Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Nigg, DW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, 2525 N Fremont St,POB 1625,MS 3860, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM dwn@inel.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 993 EP 996 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.024 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300047 PM 15308181 ER PT J AU Kononov, OE Kononov, VN Bokhovko, MV Korobeynikov, VV Soloviev, A Sysoev, AS Gulidov, IA Chub, WT Nigg, DW AF Kononov, OE Kononov, VN Bokhovko, MV Korobeynikov, VV Soloviev, A Sysoev, AS Gulidov, IA Chub, WT Nigg, DW TI Optimization of an accelerator-based epithermal neutron source for neutron capture therapy SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy CY OCT 11-15, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Int Soc Neutron Capture Therapy DE accelerator; neutron moderation; epithermal neutrons; neutron capture therapy ID IRRADIATION FACILITY AB A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the Li-7(p,n)Be-7 reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene and magnesium fluorine to be placed on high current IPPE proton accelerator KG-2.5. Results of calculation were experimentally tested and are in good agreement with measurements. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 State Sci Ctr Russian Federat, Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk 249033, Kaluga, Russia. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Kononov, OE (reprint author), State Sci Ctr Russian Federat, Inst Phys & Power Engn, Bondarenko Sq 1, Obninsk 249033, Kaluga, Russia. EM kononov@ippe.ru NR 14 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1009 EP 1013 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.028 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848ZH UT WOS:000223506300050 PM 15308184 ER PT J AU Orton, CR Parkinson, DY Evans, PD Owen, NL AF Orton, CR Parkinson, DY Evans, PD Owen, NL TI Fourier transform infrared studies of heterogeneity, photodegradation, and lignin/hemicellulose ratios within hardwoods and softwoods SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE earlywood; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FT-IR; latewood; lignin/hemicellulose ratio; photodegradation; weathering ID SOUTHERN PINE; WOOD; SPECTROSCOPY AB There is little information available on the variation in lignin content of growth rings in hardwoods. This study examines whether infrared microscopy can detect intra-incremental differences in the chemical composition of three hardwoods (R. pseudoacacia, P Americana, and G. triacanthos) and the effect of such differences on the delignification of the hardwoods during weathering. Earlywood has higher lignin content than latewood in R. pseudoacacia and P americana, but the opposite was found for G. triacanthos. The delignification of the earlywood and latewood during weathering varied for the three species. It was greater in the earlywood of R. pseuoacacia, whereas in P. americana and G. triacanthus it was more pronounced in latewood. Differences in density and lignin content of earlywood and latewood help explain these differences. In addition, a deconvoluting software package was used to determine whether it is possible to estimate the lignin/hemicellulose ratio in softwoods and hardwoods. Results from the 1760-1580 cm(-1) region provided data that can be used to estimate the lignin/hemicellulose ratio of softwoods and hardwoods. This information can be obtained far more easily using infrared microscopy than with conventional wet chemical techniques, potentially allowing characterization of greater numbers of species than has hitherto been possible. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys & Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Ctr Adv Wood Proc, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Owen, NL (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM noel_owen@byu.edu RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015 OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716 NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 58 IS 11 BP 1265 EP 1271 DI 10.1366/0003702042475385 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 872UG UT WOS:000225233500002 PM 15606929 ER PT J AU Li, QY Dasgupta, PK Temkin, H Crawford, MH Fischer, AJ Allerman, AA Bogart, KHA Lee, SR AF Li, QY Dasgupta, PK Temkin, H Crawford, MH Fischer, AJ Allerman, AA Bogart, KHA Lee, SR TI Mid-ultraviolet light-emitting diode detects dipicolinic acid SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ultraviolet light-emitting diode; UV LED; gated fluorescence detection; bacterial spore; anthrax ID TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE; SPORE DETECTION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE; ANTHRAX AB Dipicolinic acid (DPA, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) is a substance uniquely present in bacterial spores such as that from anthrax (B. anthracis). It is known that DPA can be detected by the long-lived fluorescence of its terbium chelate; the best limit of detection (LOD) reported thus far using a large benchtop gated fluorescence instrument using a pulsed Xe lamp is 2 nM. We use a novel AlGaN light-emitting diode (LED) fabricated on a sapphire substrate that has peak emission at 291 run. Although the overlap of the emission band of this LED with the absorption band of Tb-DPA (lambda(max) doublet: 273, 279 nm) is not ideal, we demonstrate that a compact detector based on this LED and an off-the-shelf gated photodetection module can provide an LOD of 0.4 nM, thus providing a basis for convenient early warning detectors. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, NanoTech Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Li, QY (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 58 IS 11 BP 1360 EP 1363 DI 10.1366/0003702042475556 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 872UG UT WOS:000225233500016 PM 15606942 ER PT J AU Tidwell, VC Passell, HD Conrad, SH Thomas, RP AF Tidwell, VC Passell, HD Conrad, SH Thomas, RP TI System dynamics modeling for community-based water planning: Application to the Middle Rio Grande SO AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Aquatic Resources in Arid Lands CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2003 CL Las Cruces, NM DE decision support modeling; stakeholder involvement; interactive modeling AB The watersheds in which we live are comprised of a complex set of physical and social systems that interact over a range of spatial and temporal scales. These systems are continually evolving in response to changing climatic patterns, land use practices and the increasing intervention of humans. Management of these watersheds benefits from the development and application of models that offer a comprehensive and integrated view of these complex systems and the demands placed upon them. The utility of these models is greatly enhanced if they are developed in a participatory process that incorporates the views and knowledge of relevant stakeholders. System dynamics provides a unique mathematical framework for integrating the physical and social processes important to watershed management, and for providing an interactive interface for engaging the public. We have employed system dynamics modeling to assist in community-based water planning for a three-county region in north-central New Mexico. The planning region is centered on a similar to 165-km reach of the Rio Grande that includes the greater Albuquerque metropolitan area. The challenge, which is common to other arid/semi-arid environments, is to balance a highly variable water supply among the demands posed by urban development, irrigated agriculture, river/reservoir evaporation and riparian/ in-stream uses. A description of the model and the planning process are given along with results and perspectives drawn from both. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tidwell, VC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0735, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM vctidwe@sandia.gov NR 31 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 25 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-1621 J9 AQUAT SCI JI Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 66 IS 4 BP 357 EP 372 DI 10.1007/s00027-004-0722-9 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 868BV UT WOS:000224888400004 ER PT J AU Westphalen, DF Dieckmann, J Roth, KW Brodrick, J AF Westphalen, DF Dieckmann, J Roth, KW Brodrick, J TI CO2 air-conditioning cycles SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 TIAX, Refrigerat Technol Sector, Cambridge, MA USA. US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Westphalen, DF (reprint author), TIAX, Refrigerat Technol Sector, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 11 BP 54 EP 55 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 869XG UT WOS:000225017300026 ER PT J AU Gowri, K AF Gowri, K TI Green building rating systems: An overview SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Bldg Energy Costs Software Dev Team, Richland, WA USA. RP Gowri, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Bldg Energy Costs Software Dev Team, Richland, WA USA. NR 7 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 11 BP 56 EP + PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 869XG UT WOS:000225017300027 ER PT J AU Finkbeiner, DP Padmanabhan, N Schlegel, DJ Carr, MA Gunn, JE Rockosi, CM Sekiguchi, M Lupton, RH Knapp, GR Ivezic, Z Blanton, MR Hogg, DW Adelman-McCarthy, JK Annis, J Hayes, J Kinney, E Long, DC Seljak, U Strauss, MA Yanny, B Agueros, MA Allam, SS Anderson, SF Bahcall, NA Baldry, IK Bernardi, M Boroski, WN Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Brunner, RJ Budavari, T Castander, FJ Covey, KR Csabai, I Doi, M Dong, F Eisenstein, DJ Fan, XH Friedman, SD Fukugita, M Gillespie, B Grebel, EK Gurbani, VK de Haas, E Harris, FH Hendry, JS Hennessy, GS Jester, S Johnston, DE Jorgensen, AM Juric, M Kent, SM Kniazev, AY Krzesinski, J Leger, RF Lin, H Loveday, J Mannery, E Martinez-Delgado, D McGehee, PM Meiksin, A Munn, JA Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Pauls, G Quinn, TR Rafikov, RR Richards, GT Richmond, MW Schneider, DP Schroeder, J Shimasaku, K Siegmund, WA Smith, JA Snedden, SA Stebbins, A Szalay, AS Szokoly, GP Tegmark, M Tucker, DL Uomoto, A Vanden Berk, DE Weinberg, DH West, AA Yasuda, N Yocum, DR York, DG Zehavi, I AF Finkbeiner, DP Padmanabhan, N Schlegel, DJ Carr, MA Gunn, JE Rockosi, CM Sekiguchi, M Lupton, RH Knapp, GR Ivezic, Z Blanton, MR Hogg, DW Adelman-McCarthy, JK Annis, J Hayes, J Kinney, E Long, DC Seljak, U Strauss, MA Yanny, B Agueros, MA Allam, SS Anderson, SF Bahcall, NA Baldry, IK Bernardi, M Boroski, WN Briggs, JW Brinkmann, J Brunner, RJ Budavari, T Castander, FJ Covey, KR Csabai, I Doi, M Dong, F Eisenstein, DJ Fan, XH Friedman, SD Fukugita, M Gillespie, B Grebel, EK Gurbani, VK de Haas, E Harris, FH Hendry, JS Hennessy, GS Jester, S Johnston, DE Jorgensen, AM Juric, M Kent, SM Kniazev, AY Krzesinski, J Leger, RF Lin, H Loveday, J Mannery, E Martinez-Delgado, D McGehee, PM Meiksin, A Munn, JA Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Pauls, G Quinn, TR Rafikov, RR Richards, GT Richmond, MW Schneider, DP Schroeder, J Shimasaku, K Siegmund, WA Smith, JA Snedden, SA Stebbins, A Szalay, AS Szokoly, GP Tegmark, M Tucker, DL Uomoto, A Vanden Berk, DE Weinberg, DH West, AA Yasuda, N Yocum, DR York, DG Zehavi, I TI Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging of low Galactic latitude fields: Technical summary and data release SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atlases; catalogs; surveys ID SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; SAGITTARIUS DWARF GALAXY; STARS; SYSTEM; EXTINCTION; PIPELINES; EMISSION; CATALOG AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) mosaic camera and telescope have obtained five-band optical-wavelength imaging near the Galactic plane outside of the nominal survey boundaries. These additional data were obtained during commissioning and subsequent testing of the SDSS observing system, and they provide unique wide-area imaging data in regions of high obscuration and star formation, including numerous young stellar objects, Herbig-Haro objects, and young star clusters. Because these data are outside the survey regions in the Galactic caps, they are not part of the standard SDSS data releases. This paper presents imaging data for 832 square degrees of sky (including repeats), in the star-forming regions of Orion, Taurus, and Cygnus. About 470 deg(2) are now released to the public, with the remainder to follow at the time of SDSS Data Release 4. The public data in Orion include the star-forming region NGC 2068/NGC 2071/HH 24 and a large part of Barnard's loop. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Japan Participat Grp, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Yerkes Observ, Williams Bay, WI 53191 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Lucent Technol, Naperville, IL 60566 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Instrumentat & Syst Engn Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Akad Pedagog Krakowie, Obserwatorium Astron Suhorze, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Global Controls Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91191 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Padmanabhan, Nikhil/A-2094-2012; Yasuda, Naoki/A-4355-2011; Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; West, Andrew/H-3717-2014; Agueros, Marcel/K-7998-2014; OI Baldry, Ivan/0000-0003-0719-9385; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729; Smith, J. Allyn/0000-0002-6261-4601; Agueros, Marcel/0000-0001-7077-3664; Meiksin, Avery/0000-0002-5451-9057; Tan, Joshua/0000-0003-3835-8115; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; /0000-0002-1891-3794; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 NR 44 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 128 IS 5 BP 2577 EP 2592 DI 10.1086/425050 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 867TX UT WOS:000224866500047 ER PT J AU Gloeckler, G Mobius, E Geiss, J Bzowski, M Chalov, S Fahr, H McMullin, DR Noda, H Oka, M Rucinski, D Skoug, R Terasawa, T von Steiger, R Yamazaki, A Zurbuchen, T AF Gloeckler, G Mobius, E Geiss, J Bzowski, M Chalov, S Fahr, H McMullin, DR Noda, H Oka, M Rucinski, D Skoug, R Terasawa, T von Steiger, R Yamazaki, A Zurbuchen, T TI Observations of the helium focusing cone with pickup ions SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM : abundances; plasmas; interplanetary medium ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NEUTRAL-GAS; AMPTE IRM; PARAMETERS; HELIOSPHERE; HE+; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPACECRAFT AB The helium gravitational focusing cone has been observed using pickup He+, first during the solar minimum in 1984-1985 with the AMPTE/IRM spacecraft, and again in more detail from 1998 to 2002 with ACE and in 2000 with Nozomi. Five traversals of the cone allow us to obtain an accurate determination of the ecliptic longitude of the interstellar wind flow direction, lambda = 74.43degrees +/- 0.33degrees, while observations of pickup He++ with Ulysses give us an estimate, relatively free of instrumental systematic uncertainties, of the neutral He density, n(He) = 0.0151 +/- 0.0015 cm(-3), in the Local Interstellar Cloud. From best fits to the measured velocity distributions of pickup He+ using time-stationary models we deduce the radial dependence and magnitude of electron-impact ionization rates that cannot presently be measured, and find this to be an important ionization process in the inner (less than or similar to0.5 AU) heliosphere. We obtain excellent model fits to the 1998 cone profile using measured or deduced rates and known interstellar He parameters, and from this conclude that cross-field diffusion of pickup He+ is small. Furthermore, we find no evidence for extra sources of He in or near the cone region. Best fits to the velocity distributions of He+ are obtained assuming isotropic solar-wind-frame distributions, and we conclude from this that the scattering mean free path for pickup He+ in the turbulent slow solar wind is small, probably less than 0.1 AU. We argue that application of 3D, time-dependent models for computation of the spatial distribution of interstellar neutral helium in the inner heliosphere may lead to excellent fits of short-term averaged pickup He+ data without assuming loss rates that are significantly different from production rates. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Int Space Sci Inst, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. PAS, Space Res Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Moscow Space Res Inst, Moscow 117810, Russia. Univ Bonn, Inst Astrophys & Extraterr Res, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. Univ So Calif, Ctr Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Misuzawa, Iwate, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Commun Res Labs, Tokyo 1848795, Japan. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM gg10@umail.umd.edu RI Von Steiger, Rudolf/F-6822-2011; OI Von Steiger, Rudolf/0000-0002-3350-0023; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978 NR 50 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 426 IS 3 BP 845 EP 854 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20035768 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 869FL UT WOS:000224968700012 ER PT J AU McMullin, DR Bzowski, M Mobius, E Pauluhn, A Skoug, R Thompson, WT Witte, M von Steiger, R Rucinski, D Judge, D Banaszkiewicz, M Lallement, R AF McMullin, DR Bzowski, M Mobius, E Pauluhn, A Skoug, R Thompson, WT Witte, M von Steiger, R Rucinski, D Judge, D Banaszkiewicz, M Lallement, R TI Heliospheric conditions that affect the interstellar gas inside the heliosphere SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM : general; ISM : atoms; interplanetary medium; plasmas ID PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; PICK-UP IONS; SOLAR-WIND; HELIUM PARAMETERS; LATITUDINAL STRUCTURE; ULYSSES; HYDROGEN; CORE; HE AB The interstellar gas that flows through the heliosphere is strongly affected by ionization close to the Sun, in particular solar photoionization, electron impact, and charge exchange. Therefore, the interpretation of any observation of interstellar gas in the inner heliosphere hinges upon the accurate knowledge of these effects and their variations. In addition, the irradiance and line profile of the relevant solar spectral line are needed to properly interpret resonant backscattering observations of the interstellar neutral gas. With instrumentation on ACE, SOHO and Wind, continuous monitoring of these important environmental conditions simultaneously with a multitude of interstellar gas observations has become possible for the first time. In this paper we present a compilation of the processes and parameters that affect the distribution of interstellar helium inside the heliosphere and their observation, including the irradiance and line profile of the He 58.4 nm line. We also make the connection to proxies for these parameters and evaluate their accuracy in order to expand the time period of coverage wherever possible. C1 Univ So Calif, Ctr Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. PAS, Space Res Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Int Space Sci Inst, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. CNRS, Serv Aeron, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France. RP McMullin, DR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Ctr Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM mcmullind@pxi.com RI Von Steiger, Rudolf/F-6822-2011; Thompson, William/D-7376-2012 OI Von Steiger, Rudolf/0000-0002-3350-0023; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978; NR 65 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 426 IS 3 BP 885 EP 895 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20047147 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 869FL UT WOS:000224968700016 ER PT J AU Mobius, E Bzowski, M Chalov, S Fahr, HJ Gloeckler, G Izmodenov, V Kallenbach, R Lallement, R McMullin, D Noda, H Oka, M Pauluhn, A Raymond, J Rucinski, D Skoug, R Terasawa, T Thompson, W Vallerga, J von Steiger, R Witte, M AF Mobius, E Bzowski, M Chalov, S Fahr, HJ Gloeckler, G Izmodenov, V Kallenbach, R Lallement, R McMullin, D Noda, H Oka, M Pauluhn, A Raymond, J Rucinski, D Skoug, R Terasawa, T Thompson, W Vallerga, J von Steiger, R Witte, M TI Synopsis of the interstellar He parameters from combined neutral gas, pickup ion and UV scattering observations and related consequences SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; ISM : general; ISM : atoms; methods : observational; plasmas ID HELIUM FOCUSING CONE; ANOMALOUS COSMIC-RAYS; LYMAN-ALPHA; SOLAR-WIND; TERMINATION SHOCK; HELIOSPHERIC INTERFACE; ULYSSES/GAS-INSTRUMENT; IONIZATION PROCESSES; KINETIC-PARAMETERS; MAGNETIC-FIELD AB A coordinated effort to combine all three methods that are used to determine the physical parameters of interstellar gas in the heliosphere has been undertaken. In order to arrive at a consistent parameter set that agrees with the observations of neutral gas, pickup ions and UV backscattering we have combined data sets from coordinated observation campaigns over three years from 1998 through 2000. The key observations include pickup ions with ACE and Ulysses SWICS, neutral atoms with Ulysses GAS, as well as UV backscattering at the He focusing cone close to the Sun with SOHO UVCS and at 1 AU with EUVE. For the first time also the solar EUV irradiance that is responsible for photo ionization was monitored with SOHO CELIAS SEM, and the He I 58.4 nm line that illuminates He was observed simultaneously with SOHO SUMER. The solar wind conditions were monitored with SOHO, ACE, and WIND. Based on these data the modeling of the interstellar gas and its secondary products in the heliosphere has resulted in a consistent set of interstellar He parameters with much reduced uncertainties, which satisfy all observations, even extended to earlier data sets. It was also established that a substantial ionization in addition to photo ionization, most likely electron impact, is required, with increasing relative importance closer to the Sun. Furthermore, the total combined ionization rate varies significantly with solar latitude, requiring a fully three dimensional and time dependent treatment of the problem. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Problems Mech, Moscow 117526, Russia. Univ Bonn, Inst Astron & Extraterr Forsch, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Mech & Math, Moscow 119899, Russia. ISSI, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. CNRS, Serv Aeron, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France. Univ So Calif, Ctr Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa, Iwate, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau 3, Germany. RP Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM Eberhard.Moebius@unh.edu RI Von Steiger, Rudolf/F-6822-2011; Thompson, William/D-7376-2012; Izmodenov, Vladislav/K-6073-2012; OI Von Steiger, Rudolf/0000-0002-3350-0023; Izmodenov, Vladislav/0000-0002-1748-0982; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978 NR 84 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 426 IS 3 BP 897 EP 907 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20035834 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 869FL UT WOS:000224968700017 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Heros, CPD Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G AF Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Heros, CPD Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G TI Search for neutrino-induced cascades with AMANDA SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE neutrino telescopes; neutrino astronomy; AMANDA ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; DETECTORS AB We report on a search for electro-magnetic and/or hadronic showers (cascades) induced by high-energy neutrinos in the data collected with the AMANDA II detector during the year 2000. The observed event rates are consistent with the expectations for atmospheric neutrinos and muons. We place upper limits on a diffuse flux of extraterrestrial electron, tau and muon neutrinos. A flux of neutrinos with a spectrum Phi proportional to E-2 which consists of an equal mix of all flavors, is limited to E(2)Phi(E) = 8.6 x 10(-7) GeV cm(-2)s(-1) sr(-1) at a 90% confidence level for a neutrino energy range 50 TeV to 5 PeV. We present bounds for specific extraterrestrial neutrino flux predictions. Several of these models are ruled out. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. DESY Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mpkowalski@lbl.gov RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Kampert, Karl-Heinz/0000-0002-2805-0195; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 27 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 127 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2006.06.003 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 867XD UT WOS:000224875200002 ER PT J AU Abbasi, RU Abu-Zayyad, T Amann, JF Archbold, G Atkins, R Bellido, JA Belov, K Belz, JW BenZvi, S Bergman, DR Burt, GW Cao, Z Clay, RW Connolly, B Dawson, BR Deng, W Fedorova, Y Findlay, J Finley, CB Hanlon, WF Hoffman, CM Holzscheiter, MH Hughes, GA Huntemeyer, P Jui, CCH Kim, K Kirn, MA Loh, EC Maestas, MM Manago, N Marek, LJ Martens, K Matthews, JAJ Matthews, JN O'Neill, A Painter, CA Perera, L Reil, K Riehle, R Roberts, M Sasaki, M Schnetzer, SR Simpson, KM Sinnis, G Smith, JD Snow, R Sokolsky, P Song, C Springer, RW Stokes, BT Thomas, JR Thomas, SB Thomson, GB Tupa, D Westerhoff, S Wiencke, LR Zech, A AF Abbasi, RU Abu-Zayyad, T Amann, JF Archbold, G Atkins, R Bellido, JA Belov, K Belz, JW BenZvi, S Bergman, DR Burt, GW Cao, Z Clay, RW Connolly, B Dawson, BR Deng, W Fedorova, Y Findlay, J Finley, CB Hanlon, WF Hoffman, CM Holzscheiter, MH Hughes, GA Huntemeyer, P Jui, CCH Kim, K Kirn, MA Loh, EC Maestas, MM Manago, N Marek, LJ Martens, K Matthews, JAJ Matthews, JN O'Neill, A Painter, CA Perera, L Reil, K Riehle, R Roberts, M Sasaki, M Schnetzer, SR Simpson, KM Sinnis, G Smith, JD Snow, R Sokolsky, P Song, C Springer, RW Stokes, BT Thomas, JR Thomas, SB Thomson, GB Tupa, D Westerhoff, S Wiencke, LR Zech, A CA High Resoluation Fly's Eye Collab TI A search for arrival direction clustering in the HiRes-I monocular data above 10(19.5) eV SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; anisotropy; clustering; amocorrelation; HiRes; AGASA ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; ANISOTROPY AB In the past few years, small scale anisotropy has become a primary focus in the search for source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA) has reported the presence of clusters of event arrival directions in their highest energy data set. The High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) has accumulated an exposure in one of its monocular eyes at energies above 10(19.5) eV comparable to that of AGASA. However, monocular events observed with an air fluorescence detector are characterized by highly asymmetric angular resolution. A method is developed for measuring autocorrelation with asymmetric angular resolution. It is concluded that HiRes-I observations are consistent with no autocorrelation and that the sensitivity to clustering of the HiRes-I detector is comparable to that of the reported AGASA data set. Furthermore, we state with a 90% confidence level that not more than 13% of the observed HiRes-I events above 10(19.5) eV could be sharing common arrival directions. However, because a measure of autocorrelation makes no assumption of the underlying astrophysical mechanism that results in clustering phenomena, we cannot claim that the HiRes monocular analysis and the AGASA analysis are inconsistent beyond a specified confidence level. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Stokes, BT (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM stokes@cosmic.utah.edu RI Song, Chihwa/A-3455-2008; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Belov, Konstantin/D-2520-2013 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2004.07.003 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 867XD UT WOS:000224875200003 ER PT J AU Scannapieco, E Weisheit, J Harlow, F AF Scannapieco, E Weisheit, J Harlow, F TI Triggering the formation of halo globular clusters with galaxy outflows SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE cosmology : theory; galaxies : formation; galaxies : star clusters; globular clusters : general ID SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; EARLY METAL ENRICHMENT; COSMOLOGICAL REIONIZATION; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; DWARF SPHEROIDALS; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; DARK-MATTER; 1ST STARS AB We investigate the interactions of high-redshift galaxy outflows with low-mass virialized clouds of primordial composition. While atomic cooling allows star formation in objects with virial temperatures above 10(4) K, "minihalos'' with virial temperatures below this threshold are generally unable to form stars by themselves. However, the large population of high-redshift starburst galaxies may have induced widespread star formation in neighboring minihalos, via shocks that caused intense cooling through both nonequilibrium H-2 formation and metal-line emission. Using a simple analytic model, we show that the resulting star clusters naturally reproduce three key features of the observed population of halo globular clusters (GCs). First, the 10(4) K maximum virial temperature directly corresponds to the similar to10(6) M-circle dot upper limit on the stellar mass of such clusters, a feature that cannot be explained by any GC destruction mechanism. Secondly, the momentum imparted in such interactions is sufficient to strip the gas from its associated dark matter halo, explaining why GCs do not reside in the dark matter potential wells that are ubiquitous in galaxies. Finally, the mixing of ejected metals into the primordial gas provides a straightforward mechanism to explain the approximately 0.1 dex homogeneity of stellar metallicities within a given GC, while at the same time allowing for a large spread in metallicity between different clusters. To study the possibility of such "fine grained'' mixing in detail, we use a simple one-dimensional numerical model of turbulence transport to simulate mixing in cloud-outflow interactions. We find that as the shock shears across the side of the cloud, Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities arise, which cause turbulent mixing of enriched material into greater than or similar to20% of the cloud. Such estimates ignore the likely presence of large-scale vortices, however, which would further enhance turbulence generation. Thus, the global nature of mixing in these interactions is multidimensional, and quantitative predictions must await more detailed numerical studies. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Plasma Theory Grp T15, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam Grp T3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Scannapieco, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Kohn Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 111 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 1 BP 29 EP 44 DI 10.1086/423981 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 866GB UT WOS:000224760800004 ER PT J AU Jaffe, AH Balbi, A Bond, JR Borrill, J Ferreira, PG Finkbeiner, D Hanany, S Lee, AT Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP AF Jaffe, AH Balbi, A Bond, JR Borrill, J Ferreira, PG Finkbeiner, D Hanany, S Lee, AT Rabii, B Richards, PL Smoot, GF Stompor, R Winant, CD Wu, JHP TI Determining foreground contamination in cosmic microwave background observations: Diffuse Galactic emission in the MAXIMA-I field SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology : observations ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; CONTINUUM SURVEY; DUST EMISSION; ANISOTROPY; MAPS; RADIATION; BOOMERANG; COBE AB Observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be contaminated by diffuse foreground emission from sources such as Galactic dust and synchrotron radiation. In these cases, the morphology of the contaminating source is known from observations at different frequencies, but not its amplitude at the frequency of interest for the CMB. We develop a technique for accounting for the effects of such emission in this case, and for simultaneously estimating the foreground amplitude in the CMB observations. We apply the technique to CMB data from the MAXIMA-1 experiment, using maps of Galactic dust emission from combinations of IRAS and DIRBE observations, as well as compilations of Galactic synchrotron emission observations. The spectrum of the dust emission over the 150-450 GHz observed by MAXIMA is consistent with preferred models, but the effect on CMB power spectrum observations is negligible. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jaffe, AH (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2BW, England. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; OI WU, JIUN-HUEI/0000-0001-9608-7662 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 1 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1086/422635 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 866GB UT WOS:000224760800006 ER PT J AU Baraffe, I Heger, A Woosley, SE AF Baraffe, I Heger, A Woosley, SE TI Stability of supernova Ia progenitors against radial oscillations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instabilities; stars : oscillations ID CARBON IGNITION; STARS AB We analyze the possible existence of a pulsational instability excited by the epsilon-mechanism during the last few centuries of evolution of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf prior to its explosion as a Type Ia supernova. Our analysis is motivated by the temperature sensitivity of the nuclear energy generation rate (similar toT(23)) in a white dwarf whose structural adiabatic index is near 4/3. Based on a linear stability analysis, we find that the fundamental mode and higher order radial modes are indeed unstable and that the fundamental mode has the shortest growth timescale. However, the growth timescale for such instability never becomes shorter than the evolutionary timescale. Therefore, even though the star is pulsationally unstable, we do not expect these radial modes to have time to grow and to affect the structure and explosion properties of Type Ia supernovae. C1 Ecole Normale Super Lyon, CRAL, F-69364 Lyon 7, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Baraffe, I (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super Lyon, CRAL, 46 Allee Italie, F-69364 Lyon 7, France. EM ibaraffe@ens-lyon.fr; alex@t6.lanl.gov; woosley@ucolick.org NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 1 BP 378 EP 382 DI 10.1086/423982 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 866GB UT WOS:000224760800035 ER PT J AU Murphy, JW Burrows, A Heger, A AF Murphy, JW Burrows, A Heger, A TI Pulsational analysis of the cores of massive stars and its relevance to pulsar kicks SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis; abundances; stars : neutron ID PSR J0045-7319 BINARY; X-RAY BINARIES; NEUTRON-STAR; RADIO PULSARS; PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION; GEODETIC PRECESSION; COLLAPSE; CONSTRAINTS; EXPLOSION AB The mechanism responsible for the natal kicks of neutron stars continues to be a challenging problem. Indeed, many mechanisms have been suggested, and one hydrodynamic mechanism may require large initial asymmetries in the cores of supernova progenitor stars. Goldreich and coworkers suggested that unstable g-modes trapped in the iron (Fe) core by the convective burning layers and excited by the epsilon-mechanism may provide the requisite asymmetries. We perform a modal analysis of the last minutes before collapse of published core structures and derive eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions, including the nonadiabatic effects of growth by nuclear burning and decay by both neutrino and acoustic losses. In general, we find two types of g-modes: inner core g-modes, which are stabilized by neutrino losses, and outer core g-modes, which are trapped near the burning shells and can be unstable. Without exception, we find at least one unstable g-mode for each progenitor in the entire mass range we consider, 11-40 M-circle dot. More importantly, we find that the timescales for growth and decay are an order of magnitude or more longer than the time until the commencement of core collapse. We conclude that the epsilon-mechanism may not have enough time to significantly amplify core g-modes prior to collapse. C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Murphy, JW (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM jmurphy@as.arizona.edu; aburrows@as.arizona.edu; alex@t6.lanl.gov NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 615 IS 1 BP 460 EP 474 DI 10.1086/423983 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 866GB UT WOS:000224760800044 ER PT J AU Krueger, BJ Grassian, VH Cowin, JP Laskin, A AF Krueger, BJ Grassian, VH Cowin, JP Laskin, A TI Heterogeneous chemistry of individual mineral dust particles from different dust source regions: the importance of particle mineralogy SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous chemistry; mineral aerosol; atmospheric processing; particle analysis ID ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; AEROSOL; CLOUDS; CLIMATE; SYSTEM; STORMS AB The heterogeneous chemistry of individual dust particles from four different dust source regions is investigated on a particle-by-particle basis using state-of-the-art scanning electron microscopy techniques including computer-controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy/Computer-Controlled energy dispersive X-ray (CCSEM/EDX) analysis. Morphology and compositional changes of individual particles as they react with nitric acid are observed. Clear differences in the reactivity of mineral dusts from these four different dust regions with nitric acid could be observed. Mineral dust from source regions containing high levels of calcium, such as those found in parts of China and Saudi Arabia, are found to react to the greatest extent. Calcium containing minerals, such as calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)(2)), react to form nitrate salts whereas other calcium containing minerals such as gypsum (CaSO4.2H(2)O) do not react. The importance of particle chemical composition and mineralogy in the heterogeneous chemistry of mineral dust aerosol is definitively borne out in this study of individual dust particles. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Grassian, VH (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM vicki-grassian@uiowa.edu; alexander.laskin@pnl.gov RI Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012 OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417 NR 41 TC 159 Z9 162 U1 3 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 38 IS 36 BP 6253 EP 6261 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.07.010 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 869US UT WOS:000225010500020 ER PT J AU Hollars, S Fu, QA Comstock, J Ackerman, T AF Hollars, S Fu, QA Comstock, J Ackerman, T TI Comparison of cloud-top height retrievals from ground-based 35 GHz MMCR and GMS-5 satellite observations at ARM TWP Manus site SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Assembly of the EGS/AGU/EUG CY APR 06-11, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE SP EGS, AGU, EUG DE cloud-top heights; cloud radar; satellite ID 94-GHZ RADAR; RADIATION; LIDAR AB Retrievals of cloud-top heights from the ARM 35 GHz Millimeter Wave Cloud Radar (MMCR) located on Manus Island are compared to those from the GMS-5 satellite as a means to evaluate the accuracy of both MMCR and GMS-5 retrievals, as well as to ascertain their limitations. Comparisons are carried out for retrievals of both single-layer and multilayer clouds as seen by radar, but only for satellite-detected clouds with 100% amount within a 0.3 x 0.3degrees domain centered at the ARM site of one cloud type (i.e., low, middle, or high). Mean differences, with 95% confidence limits, between radar- and satellite-retrieved cloud-top heights (i.e., radar-retrieved cloud-top heights-satellite-retrieved cloud-top heights) are 0.3 +/- 0.3 km for single-layer clouds and -0.7 +/- 0.3 km for multilayer clouds. The study reveals that for thick clouds (i.e., cloud base less than or equal to 1 km and cloud thickness greater than or equal to 10 km), which are representative of convective towers with no/light precipitation as well as thick anvil clouds, retrievals from the MMCR agree well with those from satellite with mean differences of 0.0 +/- 0.4 and -0.2 +/- 0.3 km for single-layer and multilayer clouds, respectively. For clouds of lesser thickness, mean cloud-top heights derived from satellite are lower than those derived from radar by as much as 2.0 km. It is also shown that for convective clouds with heavy precipitation, MMCR retrievals underestimate the cloud-top heights significantly. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Fu, QA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM qfu@atmos.washington.edu NR 15 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-4 BP 169 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.015 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 878CV UT WOS:000225625000010 ER PT J AU Benassi, A Szczap, F Davis, A Masbou, M Cornet, C Bleuyard, P AF Benassi, A Szczap, F Davis, A Masbou, M Cornet, C Bleuyard, P TI Thermal radiative fluxes through inhomogeneous cloud fields: a sensitivity study using a new stochastic cloud generator SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Assembly of the EGS/AGU/EUG CY APR 06-11, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE SP EGS, AGU, EUG DE cloud; fractal; inhomogeneity; radiative transfer; infra-red; stochastic processes ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; AVERAGED SOLAR FLUXES; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; LONGWAVE IRRADIANCE; BROKEN CLOUDS; GEOMETRY; CUMULUS; PARAMETERIZATION; SATELLITE AB We analyze the effects of flat and bumpy top, fractional and internally inhomogeneous cloud layers on large area-averaged thermal radiative fluxes. Inhomogeneous clouds are generated by a new stochastic model: the tree-driven mass accumulation process (tdMAP). This model is able to provide stratocumulus and cumulus cloud fields with properties close to those observed in real clouds. A sensitivity study of cloud parameters is done by analyzing differences between 3D fluxes simulated by the spherical harmonic discrete ordinate method and three "standard" models likely to be used in general circulation models: plane-parallel homogeneous cloud model (PPH), PPH with fractional cloud coverage model (FCPPH) and independent pixel approximation model (IPA). We show that thermal fluxes are strong functions of fractional cloud coverage, mean optical depth, mean geometrical thickness and cloud base altitude. Fluctuations of "in-cloud" horizontal variability in optical depth and cloud-top bumps have negligible effects in the whole. We also showed that PPH, FCPPH and IPA models are not suitable to compute thermal fluxes of flat top fractional inhomogeneous cloud layer, except for completely overcast cloud. This implies that horizontal transport of photon at thermal wavelengths is important when cloudy cells are separated by optically thin regions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Meteorol Phys, OPGC, Clermont Ferrand, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Sci & Technol Lille, Lab Opt Atmospher, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. RP Szczap, F (reprint author), 24 Ave Landais, F-63177 Aubiere, France. EM szczap@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr NR 67 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-4 BP 291 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.018 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 878CV UT WOS:000225625000016 ER PT J AU Kawamoto, K Hayasaka, T Nakajima, T Streets, D Woo, JH AF Kawamoto, K Hayasaka, T Nakajima, T Streets, D Woo, JH TI Examining the aerosol indirect effect over China using an SO2 emission inventory SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Assembly of the EGS/AGU/EUG CY APR 06-11, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE SP EGS, AGU, EUG DE satellite remote sensing; cloud; aerosol indirect effect; SO2 emission; radiation ID HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; OPTICAL-THICKNESS; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; SOLAR-RADIATION; PARAMETERS; POLLUTION AB The relationship between SO2 emissions and the effective particle radius of low-level water clouds (r(e)) over China was investigated to determine anthropogenic effects on clouds. Sulfur dioxide emission values were obtained from a statistical inventory, and r(e) origins were retrieved by satellite remote sensing on a 0.5degrees grid. Comparisons between annual mean SO2 emissions and r(e) showed generally decreasing r(e) values, explained by the Twomey effect. The existence of the Twomey effect is supported by comparisons with simulated aerosol optical depths. Results further suggest that clouds over land show sensitivity to the Twomey effect as well as clouds over the ocean. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RIHN, Kyoto 6020878, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Climate Syst Res, Meguro, Tokyo 1538904, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Kawamoto, K (reprint author), RIHN, 335 Takashima Cho, Kyoto 6020878, Japan. EM kawamoto@chikyu.acjp RI Nakajima, Teruyuki/H-2370-2013; OI Nakajima, Teruyuki/0000-0002-9042-504X; Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.028 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 878CV UT WOS:000225625000019 ER PT J AU Chabert, C Jamon, M Cherfouh, A Duquenne, V Smith, DJ Rubin, E Roubertoux, PL AF Chabert, C Jamon, M Cherfouh, A Duquenne, V Smith, DJ Rubin, E Roubertoux, PL TI Functional analysis of genes implicated in Down syndrome: 1. Cognitive abilities in mice transpolygenic for Down syndrome chromosomal region-1 (DCR-1) SO BEHAVIOR GENETICS LA English DT Article DE chromosome 21; cognition; DCR-1; Down syndrome; fear-conditioning; water-maze; YAC ID MOUSE MODEL; BEHAVIORAL-ASSESSMENT; TS65DN MOUSE; CONTEXTUAL FEAR; HUMAN HOMOLOG; ABNORMALITIES; MINIBRAIN; TRISOMY; DROSOPHILA; CHILDREN AB Down syndrome occurs every 1/1000 births and is the most frequent genetic cause of mental retardation. The genetic substrate of Down syndrome, an extra chromosome 21, was discovered by Lejeune, half-a-century ago, and the chromosome has been fully sequenced, although the gene(s) implicated in the mental retardation observed with the syndrome are still unknown. Observations of patients with partial trisomy of the 21q22.2 fragment suggest that most of the signs of the syndrome, including mental retardation, could be influenced by the region referred to as the Down Minimal Chromosomal Region-1 (DCR-1) for that reason. Using the extensive syntenies between human chromosome 21 and murine chromosome 16, Smith et al. (1995, 1997) developed transpolygenic mice with human chromosome 21 fragments covering the DCR-1. Here, we explored cognitive performances in mice over-expressing the genes carried by these fragments with the Morris water-maze and fear-conditioning procedures. The 152F7 transpolygenic mice had lower performance levels, compared to non-transgenic and other transgenic mice on most measurements in the water-maze. In fear-conditioning, all transgenic mice recorded lower performance levels compared to controls in the altered context stage. The 230E8, 141G6 and 285E6 mice failed to learn or react when the sound used as the conditional stimulus was added. These results showed that the 152F7 region played a crucial role in cognitive impairment, supporting the hypothesis of DYRK-1A gene involvement. However, the data presented here also suggest that other chromosomal regions within the DCR-1 may be involved in specific cognitive functions. C1 CNRS, UMR 6196, F-13402 Marseille 20, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Roubertoux, PL (reprint author), CNRS, UMR 6196, P3M,31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille 20, France. EM rouber@/lnf.cnrs-mrs.fr NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0001-8244 J9 BEHAV GENET JI Behav. Genet. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 6 BP 559 EP 569 DI 10.1007/s10519-004-5584-3 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Psychology GA 866YB UT WOS:000224808200001 PM 15520513 ER PT J AU Standley, SM Kwon, YJ Murthy, N Kunisawa, J Shastri, N Guillaudeu, SJ Lau, L Frechet, JMJ AF Standley, SM Kwon, YJ Murthy, N Kunisawa, J Shastri, N Guillaudeu, SJ Lau, L Frechet, JMJ TI Acid-degradable particles for protein-based vaccines: Enhanced survival rate for tumor-challenged mice using ovalbumin model SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; DENDRITIC CELLS; MICROPARTICLES; DELIVERY; MACROMOLECULES; NANOPARTICLES; ACTIVATION; MICROGELS; IMMUNITY; LIGAND AB Acid-degradable protein-loaded polymer particles show promise for antigen-based vaccines due to their ability to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in vitro. Protein loadings and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation efficiencies have now been enhanced through novel delivery vehicle designs. In particular, the use of a more hydrophilic acid-degradable cross-linker leads to increased water dispersibility and increased protein loading efficiency for the particles. A 2.5-fold increase in protein encapsulation allows the delivery of more protein antigen to antigen presenting cells (APCs) leading to a 20-fold rise in antigen presentation levels. The mechanism by which APCs internalize these particles was explored using the phagocytosis inhibitor, cytochalasin B. In addition, preliminary in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the ability of the protein-loaded particles to provide immunity against tumors in mice, and an enhanced survival rate over the use of protein alone was observed, indicating that this vaccine delivery strategy has great practical potential. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frechet, JMJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB002047] NR 28 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1281 EP 1288 DI 10.1021/bc049956f PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 872XW UT WOS:000225243800017 PM 15546194 ER PT J AU Hay, BP Werner, EJ Raymond, KN AF Hay, BP Werner, EJ Raymond, KN TI Estimating the number of bound waters in Gd(III) complexes revisited. Improved methods for the prediction of q-values SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MM3 FORCE-FIELD; MRI CONTRAST AGENTS; MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; METAL-COMPLEXES; GADOLINIUM(III) COMPLEXES; SURFACES; HYDROCARBONS; STABILITY; LIGAND AB Two literature computational methods for the prediction of the number of inner-sphere aqua ligands, q, have been applied to a test set of seven Gd(aminocarboxylate) complexes. The first method is based on the hypothesis that q should be proportional to the solvent-accessible surface area of the ligand-complexed Gd ion (Castonguay, L. A., Treasurywala, A. M., Caulfield, T. J., Jaeger, E. P., and Kellar, K. E. (1999) Prediction of q-Values and Conformations of Gadolinium Chelates for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Bioconjugate Chem. 10, 958). The second method is based on the hypothesis that q-values can be deduced by examining series of steric energy versus ionic radii plots as a function of coordination number (Reichert, D. E., Hancock, R. D., and Welch, M. J. (1996) Molecular Mechanics Investigation of Gadolinium(III) Complexes. Inorg. Chem. 35, 7013). This study identifies deficiencies in these methods and, with respect to the first method, describes some apparent errors. Although neither method was reliable at predicting q, two alternate approaches based on either molecular mechanics strain thresholds or exposed Gd surface area thresholds are shown to predict observed q-values for all Gd aminocarboxylate complexes in the test set. C1 Pacific NW Nalt Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hay, BP (reprint author), Pacific NW Nalt Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ben.hay@pnl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL68932] NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1496 EP 1502 DI 10.1021/bc8370 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 872XW UT WOS:000225243800043 PM 15546220 ER PT J AU Hang, B AF Hang, B TI Repair of exocyclic DNA adducts: rings of complexity SO BIOESSAYS LA English DT Review ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; HUMAN AP ENDONUCLEASE; HUMAN 3-METHYLADENINE-DNA GLYCOSYLASE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; HUMAN P53 GENE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; N-GLYCOSYLASE; VINYL-CHLORIDE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB Exocyclic DNA adducts are mutagenic lesions that can be formed by both exogenous and endogenous mutagens/carcinogens. These adducts are structurally analogs but can differ in certain features such as ring size, conjugation, planarity and substitution. Although the information on the biological role of the repair activities for these adducts is largely unknown, considerable progress has been made on their reaction mechanisms, substrate specificities and kinetic properties that are affected by adduct structures. At least four different mechanisms appear to have evolved for the removal of specific exocyclic adducts. These include base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and AP endonuclease-mediated repair. This overview highlights the recent progress in such areas with emphasis on structure-activity relationships. It is also apparent that more information is needed for a better understanding of the biological and structural implications of exocyclic adducts and their repair. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Biol Mol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hang, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Biol Mol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Bo_hang@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA72079] NR 109 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0265-9247 J9 BIOESSAYS JI Bioessays PD NOV PY 2004 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1195 EP 1208 DI 10.1002/bies.20130 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 868JF UT WOS:000224909200007 PM 15499577 ER PT J AU Luo, F Khan, L Bastani, F Yen, IL Zhou, JZ AF Luo, F Khan, L Bastani, F Yen, IL Zhou, JZ TI A dynamically growing self-organizing tree (DGSOT) for hierarchical clustering gene expression profiles SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-NETWORK; PATTERNS; VALIDATION; NUMBER AB Motivation: The increasing use of microarray technologies is generating large amounts of data that must be processed in order to extract useful and rational fundamental patterns of gene expression. Hierarchical clustering technology is one method used to analyze gene expression data, but traditional hierarchical clustering algorithms suffer from several drawbacks (e.g. fixed topology structure; mis-clustered data which cannot be reevaluated). In this paper, we introduce a new hierarchical clustering algorithm that overcomes some of these drawbacks. Result: We propose a new tree-structure self-organizing neural network, called dynamically growing self-organizing tree (DGSOT) algorithm for hierarchical clustering. The DGSOT constructs a hierarchy from top to bottom by division. At each hierarchical level, the DGSOT optimizes the number of clusters, from which the proper hierarchical structure of the underlying dataset can be found. In addition, we propose a new cluster validation criterion based on the geometric property of the Voronoi partition of the dataset in order to find the proper number of clusters at each hierarchical level. This criterion uses the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) concept of graph theory and is computationally inexpensive for large datasets. A K-level up distribution (KLD) mechanism, which increases the scope of data distribution in the hierarchy construction, was used to improve the clustering accuracy. The KLD mechanism allows the data misclustered in the early stages to be reevaluated at a later stage and increases the accuracy of the final clustering result. The clustering result of the DGSOT is easily displayed as a dendrogram for visualization. Based on a yeast cell cycle microarray expression dataset, we found that our algorithm extracts gene expression patterns at different levels. Furthermore, the biological functionality enrichment in the clusters is considerably high and the hierarchical structure of the clusters is more reasonable. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Comp Sci, Richardson, TX 75252 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Khan, L (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Comp Sci, Richardson, TX 75252 USA. EM lkhan@utdallas.edu NR 27 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 16 BP 2605 EP 2617 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bth292 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 873AD UT WOS:000225250100015 PM 15130935 ER PT J AU Klapperich, CM Bertozzi, CR AF Klapperich, CM Bertozzi, CR TI Global gene expression of cells attached to a tissue engineering scaffold SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE tissue engineering; differential gene expression; oligonucleotide microarrays ID PROBE LEVEL DATA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; CXC CHEMOKINES; DESIGN PRINCIPLES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SKIN SUBSTITUTES; ARTIFICIAL SKIN; COLLAGEN GELS; ANGIOGENESIS; CONTRACTION AB A goal of tissue engineering is to produce a scaffold material that will guide cells to differentiate and regenerate functional replacement tissue at the site Of injury. Little is known about how cells respond on a molecular level to tissue engineering scaffold materials. In this work we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate gene expression profiles associated with cell-biomaterial interactions. We seeded collagen-glycosaminoglycan meshes, a widely used tissue engineering scaffold material. with human IMR-90 fibroblasts and compared transcript levels with control cells grown on tissue Culture polystyrene. Genes involved in cell signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, angiogenesis and hypoxia were all activated in cells on the collagen-GAG mesh. Understanding the impact of a scaffold on attached cells will facilitate the design of improved tissue engineering materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Klapperich, CM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Mfg, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM catherin@bu.edu RI Klapperich, Catherine/D-5533-2011; OI Klapperich, Catherine /0000-0001-6103-849X NR 56 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD NOV PY 2004 VL 25 IS 25 BP 5631 EP 5641 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.025 PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 829ID UT WOS:000222040300008 PM 15159079 ER PT J AU Chamberlain, AK Bowie, JU AF Chamberlain, AK Bowie, JU TI Analysis of side-chain rotamers in transmembrane proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID O HYDROGEN-BONDS; BARREL MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; AMPHIPATHIC HELIX; CHARGED RESIDUES; ALPHA-HELICES; STABILITY; ARCHITECTURE; PREFERENCES; INTERFACES AB We measured the frequency of side-chain rotamers in 14 alpha-helical and 16 beta-barrel membrane protein structures and found that the membrane environment considerably perturbs the rotamer frequencies compared to soluble proteins. Although there are limited experimental data, we found statistically significant changes in rotamer preferences depending on the residue environment. Rotamer distributions were influenced by whether the residues were lipid or protein facing, and whether the residues were found near the N- or C-terminus. Hydrogen-bonding interactions with the helical backbone perturbs the rotamer populations of Ser and His. Trp and Tyr favor side-chain conformations that allow their side chains to extend their polar atoms out of the membrane core, thereby aligning the side-chain polarity gradient with the polarity gradient of the membrane. Our results demonstrate how the membrane environment influences protein structures, providing information that will be useful in the structure prediction and design of transmembrane proteins. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Ctr Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Chem & Biochem, UCLA DOE Ctr Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bowie@mbi.ucla.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM063919, R01-GM63919] NR 34 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 87 IS 5 BP 3460 EP 3469 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.044024 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 865VO UT WOS:000224732500047 PM 15339811 ER PT J AU Bowen, ME Weninger, K Brunger, AT Chu, S AF Bowen, ME Weninger, K Brunger, AT Chu, S TI Single molecule observation of liposome-bilayer fusion thermally induced by soluble N-ethyl maleimide sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYNAPTIC VESICLE CYCLE; MEMBRANE-FUSION; T-SNARE; KINETIC COMPONENTS; EXOCYTOSIS; COMPLEX; SPECIFICITY; SNAP-25; ARCHITECTURE; NEUROTOXINS AB A single molecule fluorescence assay is presented for studying the mechanism of soluble N-ethyl maleimide sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs)-mediated liposome fusion to supported lipid bilayers. The three neuronal SNAREs syntaxin-1A, synaptobrevin-II (VAMP), and SNAP-25A were expressed separately, and various dye-labeled combinations of the SNAREs were tested for their ability to dock liposomes and induce fusion. Syntaxin and synaptobrevin in opposing membranes were both necessary and sufficient to dock liposomes to supported bilayers and to induce thermally activated fusion. As little as one SNARE interaction was sufficient for liposome docking. Fusion of docked liposomes with the supported bilayer was monitored by the dequenching of soluble fluorophores entrapped within the liposomes. Fusion was stimulated by illumination with laser light, and the fusion probability was enhanced by raising the ambient temperature from 22 to 37degreesC, suggesting a thermally activated process. Surprisingly, SNAP-25 had little effect on docking efficiency or the probability of thermally induced fusion. Interprotein fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments suggest the presence of other conformational states of the syntaxin.synaptobrevin interaction in addition to those observed in the crystal structure of the SNARE complex. Furthermore, although SNARE complexes involved in liposome docking preferentially assemble into a parallel configuration, both parallel and antiparallel configurations were observed. C1 Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu; schu@lbl.gov OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 FU NIMH NIH HHS [1-R01-MH63105-01, R01 MH063105] NR 60 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 26 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 87 IS 5 BP 3569 EP 3584 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.048637 PG 16 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 865VO UT WOS:000224732500057 PM 15347585 ER PT J AU Pannucci, J Cai, H Pardington, PE Williams, E Okinaka, RT Kuske, CR Cary, RB AF Pannucci, J Cai, H Pardington, PE Williams, E Okinaka, RT Kuske, CR Cary, RB TI Virulence signatures: microarray-based approaches to discovery and analysis SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE bacillus anthracis; virulence; pathogenesis microarray; detection; gene expression; polymorphism; biothreat ID NUMBER TANDEM REPEAT; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN GENE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS STRAINS; LETHAL FACTOR GENE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; MULTIPLE-LOCUS; IN-VITRO; S-LAYER; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE AB Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of biothreat agents requires a broad-spectrum assay capable of discriminating between closely related microbial or viral pathogens. Moreover, in cases where a biological agent release has been identified, forensic analysis demands detailed genetic signature data for accurate strain identification and attribution. To date, nucleic acid sequences have provided the most robust and phylogentically illuminating signature information. Nucleic acid signature sequences are not often linked to genomic or extrachromosomal determinants of virulence, a link that would further facilitate discrimination between pathogens and closely related species. Inextricably coupling genetic determinants of virulence with highly informative nucleic acid signatures would provide a robust means of identifying human, livestock, and agricultural pathogens. By means of example, we present here an overview of two general applications of microarray-based methods for: (1) the identification of candidate virulence factors; and (2) the analysis of genetic polymorphisms that are coupled to Bacillus anthracis virulence factors using an accurate, low cost solid-phase mini-sequencing assay. We show that microarray-based analysis of gene expression can identify potential virulence associated genes for use as candidate signature targets, and, further, that microarray-based single nucleotide polymorphism assays provide a robust platform for the detection and identification of signature sequences in a manner independent of the genetic background in which the signature is embedded. We discuss the strategy as a general approach or pipeline for the discovery of virulence-linked nucleic acid signatures for biothreat agents. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cary, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rbcary@lanl.gov NR 84 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 706 EP 718 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2004.04.005 PG 13 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 875IB UT WOS:000225412600005 PM 15522585 ER PT J AU De Wekker, SFJ Steyn, DG Nyeki, S AF De Wekker, SFJ Steyn, DG Nyeki, S TI A comparison of aerosol-layer and convective boundary-layer structure over a mountain range during Staaarte '97 SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerosol layer; boundary-layer height; convective boundary layer; lidar; mountainous; terrain; numerical modelling ID MIXING HEIGHT; MIXED LAYER; OZONE; TERRAIN; LIDAR; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB The temporal evolution and spatial structure of the aerosol layer (AL) height as observed with an airborne downlooking lidar over the Swiss Alps were investigated with a three-dimensional mesoscale numerical model and a particle dispersion model. Convective boundary-layer (CBL) heights were derived from the mesoscale model output, and the behaviour of surface-released particles was investigated with the particle dispersion model. While a previous investigation, using data from the same field study, equated the observed AL height with the CBL height, the results of the current investigation indicate that there is a considerable difference between AL and CBL heights caused by mixing and transport processes between the CBL and the free atmosphere. CBL heights show a more terrain-following behaviour and are lower than AL heights. We argue that processes causing the difference between AL and CBL heights are common over mountainous terrain and that the AL height is a length scale that needs to be considered in air pollution studies in mountainous terrain. C1 Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. RP De Wekker, SFJ (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM stephan.dewekker@pnl.gov OI De Wekker, Stephan/0000-0002-6343-854X NR 38 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 113 IS 2 BP 249 EP 271 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 849CF UT WOS:000223515600005 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Chang, L Volkow, ND Telang, F Logan, J Ernst, T Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Chang, L Volkow, ND Telang, F Logan, J Ernst, T Fowler, JS TI Decreased brain dopaminergic transporters in HIV-associated dementia patients SO BRAIN LA English DT Article DE HIV; dopamine; dementia; PET; cocaine ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; BASAL GANGLIA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; AIDS; METHYLPHENIDATE; DEGENERATION; APOPTOSIS; SYMPTOMS; SYSTEM; VOLUME AB HIV has a propensity to invade subcortical regions of the brain, which may lead to a subcortical dementia termed HIV-cognitive motor complex. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether dopamine (DA) D2 receptors and transporters (DAT) are affected in the basal ganglia of subjects with HIV, and how these changes relate to dementia status. Fifteen HIV subjects (age 44.5 +/- 11 years; CD4 185 +/- 130/mm(3)) and 13 seronegative controls (42 +/- 12 years) were evaluated with PET to assess availability of DAT ([C-11]cocaine) and DA D2 receptor ([C-11]raclopride). HIV patients with associated dementia (HAD), but not those without dementia (ND) had significantly lower DAT availability in putamen (-19.3%, P = 0.009) and ventral striatum (-13.6%, P = 0.03) compared with seronegative controls. Higher plasma viral load in the HIV dementia patients correlated with lower DAT in the caudate (r = -0.7, P = 0.02) and putamen (r = -0.69, P = 0.03). DA D2 receptor availability, however, showed mild and non-significant decreases in HIV patients. These results provide the first evidence of DA terminal injury in HIV dementia patients, and suggest that decreased DAT may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV dementia. The greater DAT decrease in the putamen than in the caudate parallels that observed in Parkinson's disease. The inverse relationship between viral burden and DAT availability further supports HIV-mediated neurotoxicity to dopaminergic terminals. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA. NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Med, Queens Univ Tower,7th Floor,1356 Lusitana St, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM lchang@hawaii.edu OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA K24-DA16170, K02-DA16991] NR 30 TC 126 Z9 130 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD NOV PY 2004 VL 127 BP 2452 EP 2458 DI 10.1093/brain/awh269 PN 11 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 865LD UT WOS:000224703700008 PM 15319273 ER PT J AU Bennett, LM Montgomery, JL Steinberg, SM Kulp, KS AF Bennett, LM Montgomery, JL Steinberg, SM Kulp, KS TI Flor-Essence (R) herbal tonic does not inhibit mammary tumor development in Sprague Dawley rats SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE complementary and alternative medicine; DMBA tumors; herbal tonic; mammary tumors; Sprague-Dawley rat model ID BREAST-CANCER; GLAND CARCINOGENESIS; GREEN TEA; GENISTEIN; TUMORIGENESIS; EXPOSURE; MEDICINE AB Background: Women who are diagnosed with breast cancer often self-administer complementary and alternative medicines to augment their conventional treatments, improve health, or prevent recurrence. Flor-Essence(R) tonic is a complex mixture of herbal extracts used by cancer patients because of anecdotal evidence that it can treat or prevent disease. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given water or exposed to 3 or 6% Flor-Essence(R) beginning at 1 day of age. Mammary tumors were induced with a single oral 40 mg/kg/bw dose of dimethylbenz[ a] anthracene at 50 days of age and sacrificed at 23 weeks. Rats were maintained on AIN-76A diet. Results: Control rats had palpable mammary tumor incidence of 51.0% at 19 weeks of age compared to 65.0 and 59.4% for the 3 and 6% Flor-Essence(R) groups respectively. Overall, no significant difference in time until first palpable tumor was detected among any of the groups. At necropsy, mammary tumor incidence was 82.5% for controls compared to 90.0 and 97.3% for rats consuming 3 and 6% Flor-Essence(R), respectively. Mean mammary tumor multiplicity (+/-SEM) for the controls was 2.8 (+/-0.5) and statistically different from the 3 or 6% Flor-Essence(R) groups with 5.2 (+/-0.7), and 4.8 (+/-0.6), respectively (p less than or equal to 0.01). As expected, the majority of isolated tumors were diagnosed as adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: Flor-Essence(R) can promote mammary tumor development in the Sprague-Dawley rat model. This observation is contrary to widely available anecdotal evidence as well as the desire of the consumer that this commercially available herbal tonic will suppress and/or inhibit tumor growth. C1 Natl Canc Inst, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. NCI, Biostat & Data Management Sect, CCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bennett, LM (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bldg 31 Room 3A11,31 Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM lmbennett@nih.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 869YX UT WOS:000225022300010 PM 15538049 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, SD McLaughlin, SB Ayres, MP AF Wullschleger, SD McLaughlin, SB Ayres, MP TI High-resolution analysis of stem increment and sap flow for loblolly pine trees attacked by southern pine beetle SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID BLUE-STAIN FUNGI; DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS; LODGEPOLE PINE; AMBIENT OZONE; BARK BEETLES; GROWTH; CLIMATE; TRANSPIRATION; FOREST; CERATOCYSTIS AB Manual and automated dendrometers, and thermal dissipation probes were used to measure stem increment and sap flow for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees attacked by southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) in east Tennessee, USA. Seasonal-long measurements with manual dendrometers indicated linear increases in stem circumference from April through June. Changes in stem circumference slowed after this time, and further increases were either modest or not observed. These effects coincided with a massive midsummer infestation of trees with southern pine beetles. High-resolution measurements with automated dendrometers confirmed that, while early-season increases in radial increment were positive, daily rates of radial increment for slow- and fast-growing trees were largely negative in early to late July. Sap velocity also declined despite favorable weather conditions, but these reductions were not observed until mid-August. Thus, effects on radial increment and stem circumference preceded those on sap velocity by several weeks. The timing of these events, combined with the known developmental rate of southern pine beetles, suggest that disruption of whole-tree water balance is not a prerequisite for the success of attacking beetles or for oviposition by colonizing females and larval development, all of which were completed by early August. Additional field experiments that use high-resolution techniques to measure stem increment and sap flow are needed to more rigorously characterize temporal changes in host physiology during initial invasion and colonization of trees by southern pine beetle. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Wullschleger, SD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wullschlegsd@ornl.gov RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446 NR 40 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 9 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2387 EP 2393 DI 10.1139/X04-118 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 879BN UT WOS:000225691500020 ER PT J AU Neill, P Harris, C Safronova, A Hamasha, S Hansen, S Safronova, U Beiersdorfer, P AF Neill, P Harris, C Safronova, A Hamasha, S Hansen, S Safronova, U Beiersdorfer, P TI The study of X-ray M-shell spectra of W ions from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Electron Beam Ion Trap SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; TUNGSTEN; IDENTIFICATION; XLVIII AB M-shell spectra of W ions have been produced at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory EBIT-II electron beam ion trap-II at different energies of the electron beam. A survey has been performed at 2.4, 2.8, and 3.6 keV, and for steps in energy of 100 eV over the 3.9-4.6 keV energy range. The analysis of 11 W spectra has shown the presence of a wide variety of ionization stages from Se-like to Cr-like W; the appearances of these ionization stages correlate well with the energy of their production. The present paper focuses on the identification of 63 experimental features of W ions in a spectral region from 5 to 6 Angstrom (1 Angstrom = 10(-10) m) using calculations with inclusion of all ionization stages matching this spectral region. The majority of lines in all spectra have been identified and assigned to the 4f --> 3d and 4d --> 3p transitions. This is the first work that lists a comprehensive identification of so many resolved spectral features of X-ray M-shell transitions in W ions recorded in such detail in the laboratory. C1 Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Safronova, A (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM alla@physics.unr.edu NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4204 J9 CAN J PHYS JI Can. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 82 IS 11 BP 931 EP 942 DI 10.1139/P04-053 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 875SJ UT WOS:000225441700006 ER PT J AU Abnet, CC Lai, B Qiao, YL Vogt, S Luo, XM Taylor, PR Dong, ZW Mark, SD Dawsey, SM AF Abnet, CC Lai, B Qiao, YL Vogt, S Luo, XM Taylor, PR Dong, ZW Mark, SD Dawsey, SM TI Zinc concentration in esophageal biopsies measured by X-ray fluorescence and cancer risk. SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Annual AACR International Conference CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP AACR C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Canc, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. RI Qiao, You-Lin/B-4139-2012 OI Qiao, You-Lin/0000-0001-6380-0871 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1852S EP 1852S PN 2 PG 1 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 870QO UT WOS:000225073100094 ER PT J AU Wong, KY Su, J Knize, MG Koh, WP Seow, A AF Wong, KY Su, J Knize, MG Koh, WP Seow, A TI Heterocyclic amines in the Chinese diet. SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Annual Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Preventive Research CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1892S EP 1892S PN 2 PG 1 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 870QO UT WOS:000225073100233 ER PT J AU Corr, DJ Juenger, MCG Monteiro, PJM Bastacky, J AF Corr, DJ Juenger, MCG Monteiro, PJM Bastacky, J TI Investigating entrained air voids and Portland cement hydration with low-temperature scanning electron microscopy SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE microscopy; ice formation; cement hydration; entrained air voids; low-temperature scanning electron microscopy ID MORPHOLOGY AB This paper describes the application of low temperature scanning electron microscopy to the materials science of Portland cement. The details of low-temperature scanning electron microscopy are described, along with a number of specimen preparation techniques. There are three main research topics presented in this paper: (1) ice morphology in entrained air voids, (2) development of air voids during early hydration and (3) progression of hydration in Portland cement. The first research focus examines ice in air voids at freezing temperatures, and various cement paste ages. The second research focus tracks the development of the air voids during the first hour of hydration. In the third research focus, the progression of hydration with and without accelerating and retarding admixtures is described. Each of these research programs demonstrates how low-temperature scanning electron microscopy can be an effective tool in Portland cement research. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Corr, DJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Technol Inst Suite A130, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM d-corr2@northwestern.edu; mjuenger@mail.utexas.edu; monteiro@ce.berkeley.edu; jbastacky@chori.org RI Corr, David/B-6930-2009 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-9465 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP JI Cem. Concr. Compos. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1007 EP 1012 DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.035 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 864JQ UT WOS:000224630200011 ER PT J AU Tonkovich, AY Perry, S Wang, Y Qiu, D LaPlante, T Rogers, WA AF Tonkovich, AY Perry, S Wang, Y Qiu, D LaPlante, T Rogers, WA TI Microchannel process technology for compact methane steam reforming SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering CY JUN 06-09, 2004 CL Chicago, IL DE microchannel reactor; methane steam reforming; heat transfer; mass transfer; scale-up; unit operations ID REACTORS AB The study of microchannel reaction engineering and applications to compact chemical reactors has expanded rapidly both academically and industrially in recent years. Velocys((R)), a spin-out company from Battelle Memorial Institute, is commercializing microchannel process technology for large-scale chemical processing. Hydrogen production at industrial rates in compact Velocys hardware is made possible through increases in both heat and mass transfer rates for highly active and novel catalysts. In one example, a microchannel methane steam reforming reactor is presented with integrated catalytic partial oxidation of methane prior to catalytic combustion with low excess air (25%) to generate the required energy for endothermic methane steam reforming in adjacent channels. Heat transfer rates from the exothermic reactions exceed 18 W/cm(2) of interplanar heat transfer surface area and exceed 65 W/cm(3) of total reaction volume for a methane steam reforming contact time near 4 ms. The process intensity of the Velocys methane steam reformer well exceeds that of conventional steam reformers, which have a typical volumetric heat flux below I W/cm3. The integration of multiple unit operations and improvements in process intensification result in significant capital and operating cost savings for commercial applications. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Velocys Inc, Technol Dev, Plain City, OH 43064 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tonkovich, AY (reprint author), Velocys Inc, Technol Dev, 7950 Corp Dr, Plain City, OH 43064 USA. EM tonkovich@velocys.com RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 4 TC 84 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 59 IS 22-23 BP 4819 EP 4824 DI 10.1016/j.ces.2004.07.098 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 883VQ UT WOS:000226044200020 ER PT J AU Balasubramanian, K AF Balasubramanian, K TI Group theory, nuclear spin statistics and tunneling splittings 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NON-RIGID MOLECULES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ENERGETIC MATERIAL; INTERNAL-ROTATION; SYMMETRY GROUPS; TATB; DECOMPOSITION; SPECTROSCOPY AB The symmetry group of the non-rigid 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is constructed for the internal rotations of the nitro groups that exhibit low rotation barriers of 5 kcal/mole. The permutation group has 48 operations characterized by the wreath product S-3[S-2]. The nuclear spin statistical weights for TATB with O-17, N-14 and H-1 species are computed and the tunneling splitting patterns of the rotational and rovibronic levels of TATB are constructed for the first time. It is shown that the ground rovibronic state of TATB is split into A(1), A(3), T-1 and T-3 levels. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, POB 808 L-268, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbala@ucdavis.edu NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 398 IS 1-3 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.032 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 865RL UT WOS:000224720300004 ER PT J AU Lian, R Oulianov, DA Shkrob, IA Crowell, RA AF Lian, R Oulianov, DA Shkrob, IA Crowell, RA TI Geminate recombination of electrons generated by above-the-gap (12.4 eV) photoionization of liquid water SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDRATED ELECTRON; SOLVATION KINETICS; IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; PAIRS AB The picosecond geminate recombination kinetics for hydrated electrons generated by 200 nm two photon absorption (12.4 eV total energy) has been measured in both light and heavy water. The geminate kinetics are observed to be almost identical in both H2O and D2O. Kinetic analysis based upon the independent reaction time approximation indicates that the average separation between the electron and its geminate partners in D2O is 13% narrower than in H2O (2.1 vs. 2.4 nm). These observations suggest that, even at this high ionization energy, autoionization of water competes with direct ionization. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Crowell, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shrob@anl.gov; rob-crowell@anl.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 398 IS 1-3 BP 102 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.081 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 865RL UT WOS:000224720300019 ER PT J AU Sutton, M Burastero, SR AF Sutton, M Burastero, SR TI Uranium(VI) solubility and speciation in simulated elemental human biological fluids SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANES; GULF-WAR VETERANS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; DEPLETED URANIUM; CHEMICAL SPECIATION; DISSOLUTION RATES; HUMAN TRANSFERRIN; URINARY URANIUM; LUNG FLUID; TOXICITY AB The complete understanding of the human body response to uranium contamination exposure is vital to the development of exposure analysis and subsequent treatments for overexposure. Thermodynamic modeling has traditionally been used to study environmental metal contaminant migration (especially uranium and other radionuclides), allowing examination of chemical processes difficult to study experimentally. However, such techniques are rarely used in the study of metal toxicology. Chemical thermodynamics has a unique and valuable role in developing models to explain metal metabolism and toxicology. Previous computational models of beryllium in simulated biological fluids have been shown to be useful in predicting metal behavior in the human body. However, previous studies utilizing chemical thermodynamics in understanding uranium chemistry in body fluids are limited. Here, a chemical thermodynamic speciation code has been used to model and understand the chemistry of uranium in simulated human biological fluids such as intracellular, interstitial, and plasma fluids, saliva, sweat, urine, bile, gastric juice, pancreatic fluid, and a number of airway surface fluids from patients with acute lung conditions. The results show predicted uranium solubility, and speciation varies markedly between each biological fluid due to differences in fluid composition, ionic strength, and pH. The formation of uranium hydroxide, phosphate (sodium/potassium autunite), and calcium uranate was observed in most of the fluids. The results of this work, supported by experimental validation, can aid in understanding the metabolism and toxic effects of uranium with potential applications to biological monitoring as well as chelation treatment of uranium body burden. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Hlth Serv, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Sutton, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Sutton18@llnl.gov NR 80 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1468 EP 1480 DI 10.1021/tx049878k PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 873ME UT WOS:000225283600009 PM 15540945 ER PT J AU Geiser, U Schlueter, JA AF Geiser, U Schlueter, JA TI Conducting organic radical cation salts with organic and organometallic anions SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID CHARGE-TRANSFER SALTS; ELECTRONIC BAND-STRUCTURE; BEDT-TTF SALTS; MAGNETIC QUANTUM OSCILLATIONS; INFRARED OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LARGE DISCRETE COUNTERIONS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; AMBIENT-PRESSURE; SUPERCONDUCTOR BETA''-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 261 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 104 IS 11 BP 5203 EP 5241 DI 10.1021/cr0306844 PG 39 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 870TX UT WOS:000225082300013 PM 15535648 ER PT J AU Li, ML Zhu, SJ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Che, XL Zhang, Z Yu, YN Zheng, RC Lee, IY Rasmussen, JO Lu, YX Ma, WC AF Li, ML Zhu, SJ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Che, XL Zhang, Z Yu, YN Zheng, RC Lee, IY Rasmussen, JO Lu, YX Ma, WC TI Two-quasiparticle bands and isomers in Sr-98 SO CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; NUCLEI AB Rotational bands in neutron-rich Sr-98 nucleus have been investigated by measuring high-fold prompt gamma-ray coincidence events Of the spontaneous fission Of Cf-252 with the Gammasphere detector array. A deformed K = 3 band built on the 1838 keV level has been confirmed and extended. Another deformed K = 6 band based on the 2535keV level has been established. Both the bands originate most probably from the nu(9/2)[404] circle times nu(3/2) [411] two-quasiparticle configuration with Omega = \Omega(1) - Omega(2)\ and Omega = \Omega(1) + Omega(2)\, respectively. Based oil the delay-coincidence measurements, the half-lives for the K = 3 and K = 6 band head levels have been obtained to be 13 +/- 3 ns and 4.5 +/- 1.0 ns, respectively. C1 Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM liml03@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn NR 15 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0256-307X EI 1741-3540 J9 CHINESE PHYS LETT JI Chin. Phys. Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 21 IS 11 BP 2147 EP 2150 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 870KP UT WOS:000225056300020 ER PT J AU Dennis, DA AF Dennis, DA TI Debate: bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Annual Meeting of the Knee-Society/Association-of-Hip-and-Knee-Surgeons CY 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Knee Soc, Assoc Hip & Knee Surg ID EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Controversy persists regarding the value of doing bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty. Advocates of this procedure focus on economic costs, patient satisfaction, and quicker return to function as compared with bilateral staged total knee arthroplasty. Those in opposition focus on increased complication rates that question the overall safety of this operative procedure. The purpose of this discussion is to review the orthopaedic literature, concentrating on the reported advantages and disadvantages of bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty in hopes of providing the surgeon with information valuable in determining the safety and efficacy of this procedure. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Musculoskeletal Res, Knoxville, TN USA. Rocky Mt Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Denver, CO USA. RP Dennis, DA (reprint author), Colorado Joint Replacement, 2425 S Colorado Blvd,Suite 270, Denver, CO 80222 USA. EM dadtkamd@aol.com NR 18 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 428 BP 82 EP 83 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000147650.90507.84 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 870JV UT WOS:000225054300012 PM 15534523 ER PT J AU Argenson, JNA Komistek, RD Mahfouz, M Walker, SA Aubaniac, JM Dennis, DA AF Argenson, JNA Komistek, RD Mahfouz, M Walker, SA Aubaniac, JM Dennis, DA TI A high flexion total knee arthroplasty design replicates healthy knee motion SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Annual Meeting of the Knee-Society/Association-of-Hip-and-Knee-Surgeons CY 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Knee Soc, Assoc Hip & Knee Surg ID VIVO FLUOROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; CONDYLAR LIFT-OFF; IN-VIVO; PATELLAR TRACKING; KINEMATICS; FEMUR AB Deep flexion affects both femorotibial contact pattern and the patellofemoral articulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the patellofemoral motion of nonimplanted and implanted knees and to analyze femorotibial kinematics after total knee replacement designed for deep flexion. Three-dimensional patellofemoral kinematics were evaluated during a deep knee bend using fluoroscopy for five control patients with a healthy knee, five patients with an anterior-cruciate-ligament-deficient knee, and 20 patients who had a high flexion total knee arthroplasty. Less translation of patellofemoral contact position was seen in patients who had knee replacements than in patients with healthy knees, but the average motion and the patella tilt angles were similar to the healthy knees. On average, patients who had a total knee arthroplasty had 4.9degrees normal axial rotation, and all patients had at least -4.4 mm of posterior femoral roll-back. The average weightbearing range of motion of the patients in the total knee arthroplasty group was 125degrees. In this study, patients implanted with a high-flexion knee replacement design had kinematic patterns that were similar to the healthy knee. It can be hypothesized that forces acting on the patella were not substantially increased for patients who had a total knee arthroplasty compared with the control patients. C1 Univ Aix Marseille, Hop St Marguerite, Marseille, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Argenson, JNA (reprint author), Hop St Marguerite, Serv Chirurg Orthoped, Blvd St Marguerite, F-13009 Marseille, France. EM jean-noel.argenson@ap-hm.fr NR 22 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 428 BP 174 EP 179 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000148948.79128.76 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 870JV UT WOS:000225054300029 PM 15534540 ER PT J AU Dennis, DA Komistek, RD Mahfouz, MR Walker, SA Tucker, A AF Dennis, DA Komistek, RD Mahfouz, MR Walker, SA Tucker, A TI A multicenter analysis of axial femorotibial rotation after total knee arthroplasty SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Annual Meeting of the Knee-Society/Association-of-Hip-and-Knee-Surgeons CY 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Knee Soc, Assoc Hip & Knee Surg ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; ROENTGEN STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC ANALYSIS; VIVO FLUOROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; MOTION ANALYSIS; DEFICIENT KNEE; KINEMATICS; JOINT; REPLACEMENTS; PROSTHESIS; POSTERIOR AB A multicenter analysis was done to determine in vivo femorotibial axial rotation magnitudes and patterns in 1,027 knees (normal knees, nonimplanted ACL-deficient knees, and multiple designs of total knee arthroplasty). All knees were analyzed using fluoroscopy and a three-dimensional computer model-fitting technique during a deep knee bend and/or gait. Normal knees showed 16.5degrees and 5.7degrees of internal tibial rotation during a deep knee bend and gait, respectively. Rotation magnitudes and the percent having normal axial rotation patterns decreased in all total knee arthroplasty groups during a deep knee bend. During gait, all knee arthroplasty groups had similar rotational patterns (limited magnitudes). Average axial rotational magnitudes in gait and a deep knee bend were similar among major implant categories (ie, fixed-bearing versus mobile-bearing, etc). Average values in normal knees and ACL-retaining total knee arthroplasty patients (16.5degrees and 8.1degrees, respectively) were higher than in groups in which the ACL was absent (<4.0degrees). All total knee arthroplasty groups had at least 19% of patients have a reverse axial rotational pattern during a deep knee bend and at least 31% during gait. Normal axial rotation patterns are essential for good patellar tracking, reduction of patellofemoral shear forces, and maximization of knee flexion. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biomed Engn, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Rocky Mt Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Denver, CO USA. RP Dennis, DA (reprint author), Colorado Joint Replacement, 2425 S Colorado Blvd,Suite 270, Denver, CO 80222 USA. EM dadtkamd@aol.com NR 40 TC 114 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 428 BP 180 EP 189 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000148777.98244.84 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 870JV UT WOS:000225054300030 PM 15534541 ER PT J AU Komistek, RD Dennis, DA Mahfouz, MR Walker, S Outten, J AF Komistek, RD Dennis, DA Mahfouz, MR Walker, S Outten, J TI In vivo polyethylene bearing mobility is maintained in posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Annual Meeting of the Knee-Society/Association-of-Hip-and-Knee-Surgeons CY 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Knee Soc, Assoc Hip & Knee Surg ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; ROENTGEN STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC ANALYSIS; FLUOROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; DEFICIENT KNEE; KINEMATICS; MOTION; JOINT; REPLACEMENTS; PROSTHESIS; MOVEMENT AB In vivo knee kinematics, including polyethylene bearing mobility, were determined in a group of nine patients implanted with a posterior stabilized, mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty. Each patient, while under fluoroscopic surveillance, did a weightbearing deep knee bend and was analyzed using a 3-D computer model-fitting technique. Patients were evaluated at three and 15 months postoperatively. All nine patients had polyethylene bearing rotation relative to the tibial tray at both times, with the maximum amount of polyethylene bearing rotation at any flexion interval averaging 8.5degrees (range, 5.2-15.5degrees) and 9.8degrees (range, 4.8-14.2degrees) at 3 and 15 months, respectively. Minimal rotation of the polyethylene bearing relative to the femoral component was observed, averaging only 1.9degrees and 1.0degrees of rotation from full extension to maximum knee flexion at three and 15 months, respectively. This study determined that the polyethylene bearing is primarily rotating relative to the tibia rather than the femoral component. Therefore, as the femoral component axially rotates, the polyethylene bearing is rotating a similar magnitude in the same direction. This should result in reduced shear stresses on the superior aspect of the polyethylene bearing, lessening polyethylene wear. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Rocky Mt Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Denver, CO USA. RP Komistek, RD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, 313 Perkins Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rkomiste@UTK.edu NR 41 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 428 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000147135.60185.39 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 870JV UT WOS:000225054300033 PM 15534544 ER PT J AU Overbeek, R Disz, T Stevens, R AF Overbeek, R Disz, T Stevens, R TI The SEED: A peer-to-peer environment for genome annotation SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article AB This open source toolkit will help scientists interpret the vast body of genomic data now publicly available. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Futures Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM ross@thefig.info; disz@mcs.anl.gov; stevens@mcs.anl.gov NR 0 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD NOV PY 2004 VL 47 IS 11 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1145/1029496.1029525 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 866EA UT WOS:000224755400012 ER PT J AU Bern, Z Dixon, LJ Kosower, DA AF Bern, Z Dixon, LJ Kosower, DA TI N=4 Super-Yang-Mills theory, QCD and collider physics SO COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE LA English DT Article DE Super-Yang-Mills theory; QCD; collider physics ID 3-LOOP SPLITTING FUNCTIONS; INELASTIC STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; 2-LOOP MASTER INTEGRALS; WILSON COEFFICIENT; MASS SINGULARITIES; 4-POINT FUNCTIONS; GLUON SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTIONS; NNLO EVOLUTION; PARTON MODEL AB We review how (dimensionally regulated) scattering amplitudes in N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory provide a useful testing ground for perturbative QCD calculations relevant to collider physics, as well as another avenue for investigating the AdS/CFT correspondence. We describe the iterative relation for two-loop scattering amplitudes in V = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory found in [C. Anastasiou et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 251602], and discuss recent progress toward extending it to three loops. (C) 2004 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Durham, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England. CEA Saclay, Serv Psys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Dixon, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM lance@slac.stanford.edu NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0705 J9 CR PHYS JI C. R. Phys. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 5 IS 9-10 BP 955 EP 964 DI 10.1016/j.crhy.2004.09.007 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 887TZ UT WOS:000226329700003 ER PT J AU Bresson, E Chevassut, O Essiari, A Pointcheval, D AF Bresson, E Chevassut, O Essiari, A Pointcheval, D TI Mutual authentication and group key agreement for low-power mobile devices SO COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE low-power devices; group key agreement; Internet ID EXCHANGE AB Wireless networking has the power to fit the Internet with wings, however, it will not take off until the security technological hurdles have been overcome. In this paper we propose a very efficient and provably secure group key agreement well suited for unbalanced networks consisting of devices with strict power consumption restrictions and wireless gateways with less stringent restrictions. Our method meets practicability, simplicity, and strong notions of security. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CELAR, Cryptol Dept, F-35170 Bruz, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ENS, CNRS, DI, F-75230 Paris, France. RP Bresson, E (reprint author), CELAR, Cryptol Dept, F-35170 Bruz, France. EM emmanuel.bresson@polytechnique.org; ochevassut@lbl.gov; aessiari@lbl.gov; pointcheval@ens.fr NR 24 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-3664 J9 COMPUT COMMUN JI Comput. Commun. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 27 IS 17 BP 1730 EP 1737 DI 10.1016/j.comcom.2004.05.023 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA 859CR UT WOS:000224240400006 ER PT J AU Dutta, S Glimm, J Grove, JW Sharp, DH Zhang, YM AF Dutta, S Glimm, J Grove, JW Sharp, DH Zhang, YM TI Error comparison in tracked and untracked spherical simulations SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE error comparison; contact error; front tracking; shock capturing; spherical simulation; mesh refinement ID SIMILAR BLAST WAVES; INTERFACE TRACKING; FRONT TRACKING; INSTABILITIES; SUPERNOVAE; DYNAMICS AB This paper follows our earlier work on axisymmetric flows [1-4] where algorithms, theories, experiments, simulations, applications, and validations were presented. Here we study the effectiveness and efficiency of explicit front tracking by comparing the L-1-error for spherical shock refraction simulations with and without tracking. We find that front tracking reduces the level of mesh refinement needed to achieve a specified error tolerance by a significant factor compared to corresponding methods without tracking, thus substantially reducing the computational time as well as memory usage for simulations with contacts or material interfaces. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Data Intens Comp, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Continuum Dynam Grp, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Complex Syst Grp, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dutta, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 1733 EP 1747 DI 10.1016/j.camwa.2004.08.014 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 881MY UT WOS:000225872800029 ER PT J AU Bernholc, J Nakhmanson, SM Nardelli, MB Meunier, V AF Bernholc, J Nakhmanson, SM Nardelli, MB Meunier, V TI Understanding and enhancing polarization in complex materials SO COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Recent advances in theoretical methods and high-performance computing allow for reliable first-principles investigations of complex materials. This article focuses on calculating and predicting the properties of piezoelectrics and "designing" new materials with enhanced piezoelectric responses. The authors consider two systems: boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and polymers in the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) family. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bernholc, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM bernholc@ncsu.edu; nakhmans@physics.rutgers.edu; mbnardelli@ncsu.edu; meunierv@ornl.gov RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Nakhmanson, Serge/A-6329-2014 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1521-9615 J9 COMPUT SCI ENG JI Comput. Sci. Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 6 IS 6 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1109/MCSE.2004.78 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 864IA UT WOS:000224626000005 ER PT J AU Lillard, RS Valot, C Hill, MA Dickerson, PD Hanrahan, RJ AF Lillard, RS Valot, C Hill, MA Dickerson, PD Hanrahan, RJ TI Influence of preoxidation on the corrosion of steels in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE austenitic steels; ferritic steels; lead bismuth eutectic; martensitic steels; preoxidation films; x-ray diffraction ID FLOWING LEAD; MOLTEN LEAD; OXYGEN; OXIDATION; ALLOYS; MECHANISM; TRANSPORT; HEMATITE; TESTS; NI AB Oxidation studies of martensitic/ferritic and austenitic steels have been conducted in static lead bismuth eutectic (LBE). Samples were preoxidized in an air/H2O gas mixture prior to immersion in LBE. Preoxidation films grown on HT-9 at 800degreesC for 48 h had a bilayer structure, an outer Fe-rich layer, and an inner Cr-rich layer. Glancing angle x-ray diffraction data found that two distinct structures were present in this oxide: Fe1+xCr2-xO4 spinet (cubic, face-centered cubic [fcc]) and (Cr,Fe)(2)O-3 (rhombohedral, corundum). Magnetite formation (Fe3O4) was ruled out. Immersion in LBE resulted in the growth of an Fe-rich film on top of the preoxidation layer. It was concluded that the growth mechanism was Fe+++ interstitial transport from the metal/oxide interface. Preoxidized films grown on Type 316 (UNS S31600) stainless steel (SS) at 800degreesC for 64 h resulted in a Cr-rich inner layer and Fe-rich outer layer. X-ray diffraction found both Fe1+xCr2-xO4 spinet (cubic) and (Cr,Fe)(2)O-3 corundum (rhombohedral). In contrast to HT-9, angle-resolved x-ray diffraction found that the concentration of the Fe1+xCr2-xO4 spinet decreased with distance from the metal oxide interface. Immersion of preoxidized Type 316 SS in LBE resulted in oxide growth; however, the new film formed in LBE was indistinguishable from the preoxidation layer. It was proposed that the enhanced oxidation of Type 316 SS as compared to HT-9 formed a Fe1+xCr2-xO4 spinet layer near the oxide/metal interface results in a boundary-to-cation interstitial transport. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Corros & Environm Effects Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, Lab Rech Reactiv Solides, UMR 5613, F-21078 Dijon, France. RP Lillard, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Corros & Environm Effects Lab, MST-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lillard@lanl.gov RI valot, christophe/F-4544-2011 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD NOV PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1031 EP 1044 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 869TP UT WOS:000225007500003 ER PT J AU Deodeshmukh, V Venugopal, A Chandra, D Yilmaz, A Daemen, J Jones, DA Lea, S Engelhard, M AF Deodeshmukh, V Venugopal, A Chandra, D Yilmaz, A Daemen, J Jones, DA Lea, S Engelhard, M TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses of corrosion products formed on rock bolt carbon steel in chloride media with bicarbonate and silicate ions SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rock bolt steel; polarization; impedance spectroscopy; XPS; SEM; pitting potential ID PITTING CORROSION; IRON DISSOLUTION; MILD-STEEL; SURFACE; PASSIVATION; INHIBITORS; IMPEDANCE; ELECTRODE; BEHAVIOR; WATER AB The passivation behavior of Yucca Mountain Repository rock bolt carbon steel in deaerated 3.5% NaCl solution containing SiO(3)(2-) and HCO(3)(-) ions was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic methods. Polarization results indicate that combinations of silicate and bicarbonate anions decrease the passive current density and raise the pitting potential. XPS results indicate the enrichment of silica at passive potentials and the formation of mixed FeCO(3) and silica film at lower potentials. This change in film composition was responsible for the changes in corrosion rate at lower and higher potentials. XPS results also support the thermodynamic data with regard to the occurrence of second oxidation peak observed in the polarization curves to be due to the oxidation of FeCO(3) to Fe(2)O(3). (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chandra, D (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM dchandra@unr.edu RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Yilmaz, Ahmet/0000-0001-6708-0672; Lea, Alan/0000-0002-4232-1553; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 11 BP 2629 EP 2649 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2004.03.007 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 866QZ UT WOS:000224789300003 ER PT J AU Kim, IW DiMasi, E Evans, JS AF Kim, IW DiMasi, E Evans, JS TI Identification of mineral modulation sequences within the nacre-associated oyster shell protein, n16 SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELASTOMERIC BIOMINERALIZATION PROTEIN; CALCITE CRYSTAL-GROWTH; LUSTRIN-A; POLYELECTROLYTE SEQUENCE; HALIOTIS-RUFESCENS; MATRIX PROTEIN; DOMAINS; MOLLUSK; MACROMOLECULES; POLYMORPHS AB Nature's use of proteins to direct and control the synthesis of inorganic solids represents an important paradigm for bioinspired materials synthesis. However, the mechanism by which polypeptides direct inorganic synthesis, particularly with regard to selective formation of crystals polymorphs, remains unknown. An important step in understanding polypeptide-directed inorganic synthesis is the identification of sequence regions in biomineralization proteins that can affect crystal growth. In this report, we identify that the 30 AA N- and C-terminal sequence regions (n16-N and n16-C, respectively) of the oyster shell aragonite-associated protein, n16, exhibit control over the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals grown in geologic calcite overgrowth assays and polyimide (Kevlar)-based assays. Here, we find that calcium carbonate crystals, which grow in the presence of model peptides representing the n16-N and n16-C sequences, adopt dendritic or circular overgrowth in geological calcite overgrowth assays and "staircase" structures in Kevlar-based assays, as compared to negative controls and to parallel assays conducted in the presence of AP24-1, the 30 AA N-terminal sequence region of the nacre-associated protein, AP24, which interrupts step edge growth. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the crystals grown in the presence of n16-N are calcite. Circular dichroism spectrometry studies of n16-N and n16-C model peptides reveal qualitatively similar solution state conformations that consist of either random coil in equilibrium with other secondary structures (e.g., beta-strand, turn, loop, polyproline type II) or, at higher concentrations, a P-strand secondary structure in equilibrium with random coil. We conclude that the N- and C-terminal sequence regions of the nacre-associated n16 protein most likely play a role in n16-mediated effects on calcium carbonate crystal growth in the nacre layer. C1 NYU, Phys Chem Lab, New York, NY 10010 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Evans, JS (reprint author), NYU, Phys Chem Lab, 345 E 24th St, New York, NY 10010 USA. EM jse1@nyu.edu NR 30 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 4 IS 6 BP 1113 EP 1118 DI 10.1021/cg049919a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 869KX UT WOS:000224983100007 ER PT J AU Asatiani, NV Abuladze, MK Kartvelishvili, TM Bakradze, NG Sapojnikova, NA Tsibakhashvili, NY Tabatadze, LV Lejava, LV Asanishvili, LL Holman, HY AF Asatiani, NV Abuladze, MK Kartvelishvili, TM Bakradze, NG Sapojnikova, NA Tsibakhashvili, NY Tabatadze, LV Lejava, LV Asanishvili, LL Holman, HY TI Effect of Chromium(VI) action on Arthrobacter oxydans SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHROMATE RESISTANCE; PROTEIN-COMPOSITION; REDUCTION; TOXICITY; SULFATE; PLASMID; EXPRESSION; TRANSPORT AB Arthrobacter species is of interest because of its high potential for bioremediation. Bacteria can detoxify chromium, by either reduction or accumulation inside the bacteria and/or absorption of chromium(VI) (CrVI) on their surface, and efflux pump. The possible pathway of Cr(VI) reduction by Arthrobacter oxydans isolated from Columbia basalt rocks at a US DOE highly contaminated site (USA) has been considered in the present study. FTIR absorption spectroscopy showed that these bacteria reduce Cr(VI). In the present study the threshold Cr(VI) nontoxic concentration (35 mug/mL) for A. oxydans growing in liquid medium was estimated. Complete uptake of this concentration was achieved in about 10 days after chromium addition into the medium. At this concentration an increase in the protein isolated from the cell wall of A. oxydans was observed. This increased protein predominated independently of the growth phase at which Cr(VI) was added. Thermal analysis was used to identify any influence of Cr(VI) on the DNP complex of A. oxydans. According to the data obtained it can be supposed that Cr(VI) reduction predominantly occurs on the bacterial surface and that cell wall represents a permeable barrier for these bacteria at the non-toxic chromium action. C1 Georgian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, GE-0177 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. Georgian Acad Sci, Inst Mol Biol & Biophys, GE-0160 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Asatiani, NV (reprint author), Georgian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, 6 Tamarashvili St, GE-0177 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. EM nina_asatiani@yahoo.com RI Holman, Hoi-Ying/N-8451-2014 OI Holman, Hoi-Ying/0000-0002-7534-2625 NR 37 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 49 IS 5 BP 321 EP 326 DI 10.1007/s00284-004-4351-2 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 864LY UT WOS:000224636200002 PM 15486705 ER PT J AU Shin, WT Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Shin, WT Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C TI Electric-field effects on interfaces: electrospray and electrocoalescence SO CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE electrospray; electrocoalescence; electromixing; electrohydrodynamics; electrodistillation; electroextraction; phase separation ID LIQUID-LIQUID DISPERSIONS; EMULSION-PHASE CONTACTOR; DROP FORMATION; ELECTROSTATIC DISPERSION; WATER DROPLETS; ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS; NONCONDUCTIVE FLUIDS; CONDUCTIVE FLUIDS; COALESCENCE; ENHANCEMENT AB Recent advances in the application of electric fields to interface modification, leading to drop breakup and coalescence in liquid-liquid dispersions or particle aggregation in solid-liquid suspensions, are reviewed in this article. Potential new applications based on electrospray and electrocoalescence of droplets are discussed. Both of these phenomena may occur under applied electric fields and may apply to drops, particles or bubbles. Several industrial applications take advantage of electric fields. Some of these applications are based on well-understood phenomena, such as normal electrospray of droplets (e.g., as in ink jet printing), while others are less understood (e.g., inverse electrospray). Recent developments of electric-field effects and applications, as well as expected future directions, are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Chem Discipline Off Directorates, Taejon, South Korea. RP Tsouris, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wtshin@kosef.re.kr; syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu; tsourisc@oml.gov RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1359-0294 J9 CURR OPIN COLLOID IN JI Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 9 IS 3-4 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.cocis.2004.06.006 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 884JK UT WOS:000226080700006 ER PT J AU Zachos, C Curtright, T AF Zachos, C Curtright, T TI Branes, quantum Nambu brackets and the hydrogen atom SO CZECHOSLOVAK JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Colloquium on Quantum Groups CY JUN 17-19, 2004 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Czech Tech Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Res DE Nambu brackets; quantization; integrability ID MECHANICS; QUANTIZATION; SYSTEMS AB The Nambu-bracket quantization of the hydrogen atom is worked out as an illustration of the general method. The dynamics of topological open branes is controlled classically by Nambu brackets. Such branes then may be quantized through the consistent quantization of the underlying Nambu brackets: properly defined, the quantum Nambu-brackets comprise an associative structure, although the naive derivation property is mooted through operator entwinement. For superintegrable systems, such as the hydrogen atom, the results coincide with those furnished by Hamiltonian quantization - but the method is not limited to Hamiltonian systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Zachos, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zachos@hep.anl.gov; curtright@physics.miami.edu RI zachos, cosmas/C-4366-2014; Curtright, Thomas/B-6840-2015; OI zachos, cosmas/0000-0003-4379-3875; Curtright, Thomas/0000-0001-7031-5604 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST PHYSICS ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC PI PRAGUE PA NA SLOVANCE 2, PRAGUE 182 21, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0011-4626 J9 CZECH J PHYS JI Czech. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1393 EP 1398 DI 10.1007/s10582-004-9807-x PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 884TF UT WOS:000226108500037 ER PT J AU Tsap, LV Shin, MC AF Tsap, LV Shin, MC TI Dynamic disparity adjustment and histogram-based filtering of range data for fast 3-D hand tracking SO DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE range data; motion analysis; hand tracking; human-computer interaction; histogram-based filtering; dynamic disparity adjustment; region detection and identification ID REAL-TIME; RECOGNITION; GESTURE; STEREO; IMAGE AB Range data is very important in human-computer interaction applications. Although less costly, range acquisition and processing still presents a speed vs, data reliability tradeoff. This paper proposes a method that, given noisy and generally unreliable range data, can filter out erroneous information using range histograms for regions of interest selected in registered color data. Then, using the resulting consistent data that has passed filters, this method limits the depth search space dynamically using motion history and its current state. Experimental results demonstrate the success of the proposed algorithm. Using filtered range data, the algorithm correctly identified the hand involved in manipulation 99.85% of the time. Dynamic disparity adjustment produced a speedup of 60.17% over a static disparity range selection. An application to virtual reality navigation is also presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Commun & Signal Proc Grp, Dept Elect Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shin, MC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM tsap@llnl.gov; mcshin@uncc.edu NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1051-2004 J9 DIGIT SIGNAL PROCESS JI Digit. Signal Prog. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 14 IS 6 BP 550 EP 565 DI 10.1016/j.dsp.2004.04.002 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 871IB UT WOS:000225122700005 ER PT J AU Shilo, NA Anderson, PM Brown, TA Lozhkin, AV Pakhomov, AY Solomatkina, TB AF Shilo, NA Anderson, PM Brown, TA Lozhkin, AV Pakhomov, AY Solomatkina, TB TI First data on lake level changes in northeastern Siberia during the postglacial time SO DOKLADY EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article C1 Russian Acad Sci, Moscow 117901, Russia. Seattle Univ, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA USA. Russian Acad Sci, Far E Div, NE Complex Res Inst, Magadan 685000, Russia. RP Shilo, NA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Leninskii 14, Moscow 117901, Russia. EM lozhkin@neisri.magadan.ru NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERPERIODICA PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA SN 1028-334X J9 DOKL EARTH SCI JI Dokl. Earth Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 399A IS 9 BP 1249 EP 1251 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 885QI UT WOS:000226171600016 ER PT J AU Sandhu, P Vogel, JS Rose, MJ Ubick, EA Brunner, JE Wallace, MA Adelsberger, JK Baker, MP Henderson, PT Pearson, PG Baillie, TA AF Sandhu, P Vogel, JS Rose, MJ Ubick, EA Brunner, JE Wallace, MA Adelsberger, JK Baker, MP Henderson, PT Pearson, PG Baillie, TA TI Evaluation of microdosing strategies for studies in preclinical drug development: Demonstration of linear pharmacokinetics in dogs of a nucleoside analog over a 50-fold dose range SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH; BIOCHEMICAL SAMPLES; ADDUCT FORMATION; BETA-CAROTENE; DNA; AMS; C-14; RADIOCARBON; EXPERIENCE AB The technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was validated successfully and used to study the pharmacokinetics and disposition in dogs of a preclinical drug candidate (7-deaza-2'-C-methyladenosine; Compound A), after oral and intravenous administration. The primary objective of this study was to examine whether Compound A displayed linear kinetics across subpharmacological ( microdose) and pharmacological dose ranges in an animal model, before initiation of a human microdose study. The AMS-derived disposition properties of Compound A were comparable to data obtained via conventional techniques such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting analyses. Compound A displayed multiphasic kinetics and exhibited low plasma clearance (5.8 ml/min/kg), a long terminal elimination half-life (17.5 h), and high oral bioavailability 103%). Currently, there are no published comparisons of the kinetics of a pharmaceutical compound at pharmacological versus subpharmacological doses using microdosing strategies. The present study thus provides the first description of the full pharmacokinetic profile of a drug candidate assessed under these two dosing regimens. The data demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic properties of Compound A following dosing at 0.02 mg/kg were similar to those at 1 mg/kg, indicating that in the case of Compound A, the pharmacokinetics in the dog appear to be linear across this 50-fold dose range. Moreover, the exceptional sensitivity of AMS provided a pharmacokinetic profile of Compound A, even after a microdose, which revealed aspects of the disposition of this agent that were inaccessible by conventional techniques. C1 Merck Res Labs, Dept Drug Metab, W Point, PA 19486 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sandhu, P (reprint author), Merck Res Labs, Dept Drug Metab, WP75A-203, W Point, PA 19486 USA. EM punam_sandhu@merck.com FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR13461] NR 33 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1254 EP 1259 DI 10.1124/dmd.104.000422 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 861ZD UT WOS:000224456300008 PM 15286054 ER PT J AU Kelly, KD Leach, DL Johnson, CA Clark, JL Fayek, M Slack, JF Anderson, VM Ayuso, RA Ridley, WI AF Kelly, KD Leach, DL Johnson, CA Clark, JL Fayek, M Slack, JF Anderson, VM Ayuso, RA Ridley, WI TI Textural, compositional, and sulfur isotope variations of sulfide minerals in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, Brooks Range, Alaska: Implications for ore formation SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERMOCHEMICAL SULFATE REDUCTION; MASSIVE SULFIDE; S-34/S-32 RATIOS; GEOCHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTS; MICROPROBE; GENESIS; SEA; MINERALIZATION; MECHANISMS AB The Red Dog Zn-Pb deposits are hosted in organic-rich mudstone mid shale of the Mississippian Kuna Formation. A complex mineralization history is defined by four sphalerite types or stages: (1) early brown sphalerite, (2) yellow-brown sphalerite, (3) red-brown sphalerite, and (4) late tan sphalerite. Stages 2 and 3 constitute the main ore-forming event and are volumetrically the most important. Sulfides in stages 1 and 2 were deposited with barite, whereas stage 3 largely replaces barite. Distinct chemical differences exist among the different stages of sphalerite. From early brown sphalerite to later yellow-brown sphalerite mid red-brown sphalerite, Fe and Co content generally increase and Mn and Tl content generally decrease. Early brown sphalerite contains no more than 1.9 wt percent Fe and 63 ppm Co, with high Mn (up to 37 ppm) and Tl (126 ppm) whereas yellow-brown sphalerite and red-brown sphalerite contain high Fe (up to 7.3 wt %) and Co (up to 382 ppm), and low Mn (<27 ppm) and Tl (<37 ppm). Late tan sphalerite has distinctly lower Fe (<0.9 wt %) and higher Tl (up to 355 ppm), Mn (up to 177 ppm), and Ge (426 ppm), relative to earlier sphalerite. Wide ranges in concentrations of Ag, Cu, Pb, and Sb characterize all sphalerite types, particularly yellow-brown sphalerite and red-brown sphalerite and most likely reflect submicroscopic inclusions of galena, chalcopyrite and/or tetrahedrite in the sphalerite. In situ ion microprobe sulfur isotope analyses show a progression from extremely low delta(34)S values for stage 1 (as low as -37.2parts per thousand) to much higher values for yellow-brown sphalerite (mean of 3.3parts per thousand; n = 30) and red-brown sphalerite (mean of 3.4; n = 20). Late tan sphalerite is isotopically light (-16.4 to -27.2parts per thousand). The textural, chemical, and isotopic data indicate the following paragenesis: (1) deposition of early brown sphalerite with abundant barite, minor pyrite, and trace galena immediately beneath the sea floor in unconsolidated mud; (2) deposition of yellow-brown sphalerite during subsea-floor hydrothermal recrystalization and coarsening of preexisting barite: (3) open-space deposition of barite, red-brown sphalerite and other sulfides in veins and coeval replacement of barite; and (4) postore sulfide deposition, including the formation of late tan sphalerite breccias. Stage 1 mineralization took place in a low-temperature environment where fluids rich in Ba mixed with pore water or water-column sulfate to form barite, and metals combined with H2S derived from bacterial sulfate reduction to form sulfides. Higher temperatures and salinities and relatively oxidized ore-stage fluids (stages 2 and 3) compared with stage 1 were probably important controls on the abundances and relative amounts of metals in the fluids and the resulting sulfide chemistry. Textural observations and isotopic data show that preexisting barite was reductively dissolved, providing a source of H2S for sulfide mineral formation. In stage 3, the continued flow of hydrothermal fluids caused thermal alteration of organic-rich mudstones and a build-up of methane that led to fluid overpressuring, hydrofracturing, and vein formation. Barite, red-brown sphalerite, and other sulfides were deposited in the veins, and preexisting barite was pervasively replaced by red-brown sphalerite. Hydrothermal activity ceased until Jurassic time when thrusting and large-scale fluid flow related to the Brookian orogeny remobilized and formed late tan sphalerite in tectonic breccias. C1 US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. Teck Cominco Amer Inc, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Kelly, KD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM kdkelley@usgs.gov NR 78 TC 60 Z9 66 U1 4 U2 14 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 99 IS 7 BP 1509 EP 1532 DI 10.2113/99.7.1509 PG 24 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 889VK UT WOS:000226470600012 ER PT J AU Herstedt, M Abraham, DP Kerr, JB Edstrom, K AF Herstedt, M Abraham, DP Kerr, JB Edstrom, K TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of negative electrodes from high-power lithium-ion cells showing various levels of power fade SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE high-power lithium-ion cells; power fade; graphite; XPS; LiPF6 ID ETHYLENE CARBONATE; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; CAPACITY FADE; PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; DIMETHYL CARBONATE; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; IMPEDANCE RISE; BATTERIES; LI AB The current generation of high-power lithium-ion cells for transportation applications, being developed and studied at Argonne National Laboratory, contain LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2-based cathodes, graphite-based anodes, and LiPF6-based electrolytes. These cells show loss of capacity and power during accelerated testing at elevated temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) examination of negative electrode samples harvested from some cells that showed varying degrees of power and capacity fade revealed a surface film on the graphite. Samples from cells that showed higher fade exhibited a thicker film. Furthermore, solvent-based compounds were dominant on samples from low power fade cells, whereas LiPF6-based products were dominant on samples from high-power fade cells. The effects of sample rinsing and air exposure are explored. Mechanisms are proposed to explain the formation of compounds suggested by the XPS data. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Uppsala, Angstrom Adv Battery Ctr, Angstrom Lab, Dept Chem Mat, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Abraham, DP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abraham@cmt.anl.gov OI Edstroem, Kristina/0000-0003-4440-2952 NR 42 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 4 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 28 BP 5097 EP 5110 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.06.021 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 868XF UT WOS:000224945700007 ER PT J AU O'Sullivan, DTJ Keane, MM Kelliher, D Hitchcock, RJ AF O'Sullivan, DTJ Keane, MM Kelliher, D Hitchcock, RJ TI Improving building operation by tracking performance metrics throughout the building lifecycle (BLC) SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE building performance; performance metrics; building product model; building management system; industry foundation classes; building lifecycle ID FAULT-DETECTION; SIMULATION; ENERGY AB An industry foundation class based building product model of University College Cork's "to be constructed" Environmental Research Institute will be developed. This paper discusses combining such a building product model with a building management system and other tools and technologies to create a framework for monitoring, analysing and controlling a building throughout, its building lifecycle based on a set of performance metrics. The framework will be known as the building energy monitoring, analysing and controlling (BEMAC) framework. Current building performance assessment practices lack standardisation/continuity throughout the building lifecycle. An environment such as the BEMAC framework described in this paper offers a means to achieving such standardisation/continuity by documenting and communicating performance metrics data such that these data can provide value across the complete lifecycle of a building project, from planning through design and construction into occupancy and operation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, IRUSE, Cork, Ireland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Bldg Technol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP O'Sullivan, DTJ (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, IRUSE, Cork, Ireland. EM dominicosullivan@hotmail.com OI O' Sullivan, Dominic/0000-0001-7370-471X NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1075 EP 1090 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.03.003 PG 16 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 853JS UT WOS:000223824200002 ER PT J AU Czernik, S French, RJ Magrini-Bair, KA Chornet, E AF Czernik, S French, RJ Magrini-Bair, KA Chornet, E TI The production of hydrogen by steam reforming of trap grease - Progress in catalyst performance SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS AB Most hydrogen is currently produced via the steam reforming of natural gas. An environmentally preferable option is to produce hydrogen from renewable materials. Waste vegetable oil from food processing ("trap grease") is a low-cost, widely available renewable material that currently has no commercial use. In this work, we produced hydrogen via the fluidized-bed catalytic steam reforming of trap grease using commercial and experimental Ni/Al2O3 catalysts under conditions similar to those of commercial natural gas reforming operations-temperatures in excess of 800 degreesC, molar steam-to-carbon ratio of five, and a methane-equivalent volumetric space velocity of similar to1000 h(-1). During operation for 150 h, yields of 25 g of hydrogen per 100 g of trap grease were obtained. The process performance decreased with time, because of catalyst attrition and deactivation. We succeeded in extending the catalyst time-on-stream through the use of a laboratory-prepared attrition-resistant catalyst. Another strategy used was a two-step process where the thermal decomposition of grease preceded the catalytic fluidized-bed reforming and pyrolysis vapors instead of the liquid trap grease were fed to the reformer. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Czernik, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Stefan_Czernik@nrel.gov NR 12 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1738 EP 1743 DI 10.1021/ef0499224 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 873IX UT WOS:000225274300017 ER PT J AU Rood, AS AF Rood, AS TI A mixing-cell model for assessment of contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone under steady-state and transient flow conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE unsaturated zone; solute transport; mixing-cell models; assessment models ID SOILS AB A one-dimensional model for water flow and solute transport in the unsaturated zone under steady-state or transient flow conditions was developed from the principles of the mixing-cell model. The unsaturated zone is discretized into a series of independent mixing cells. Each cell may have unique hydrologic, lithologic, and sorptive properties. Ordinary differential equations (ODE) describe the material (water and solute) balance within each cell. Water flow equations are derived from the continuity equation assuming that unit-gradient conditions exist at all times in each cell. Pressure gradients are considered implicitly through model discretization. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture contents are determined by the material-specific moisture characteristic curves. Solute transport processes included explicit treatment of advective processes, first-order chain decay, and linear sorption reactions. Dispersion is addressed through implicit and explicit dispersion. Implicit dispersion is an inherent feature of all mixing cell models and originates from the formulation of the problem in terms of mass balance around fully mixed volume elements. Expressions are provided that relate implicit dispersion to the physical dispersion of the system. The system of ODES was solved using a forth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm coupled with adaptive step size control. Computer run times for transient flow and solute transport were typically several seconds on a 2-GHz Intel Pentium IV(R) desktop computer. The model was benchmarked against analytical solutions and finite-element approximations to the partial differential equations (PDE) describing unsaturated flow and transport. Differences between the maximum solute flux estimated by the mixing-cell model and the PDE models were typically less than 2%. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Rood, AS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM asr@inel.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 21 IS 6 BP 661 EP 677 DI 10.1089/ees.2004.21.661 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 872IU UT WOS:000225201700002 ER PT J AU McDonald, JD Eide, I Seagrave, J Zielinska, B Whitney, K Lawson, DR Mauderly, JL AF McDonald, JD Eide, I Seagrave, J Zielinska, B Whitney, K Lawson, DR Mauderly, JL TI Relationship between composition and toxicity of motor vehicle emission samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE diesel exhaust; gasoline exhaust; hopane; mutagenicity; PAHs; particulate matter health effects; principal component analysis; semivolatile organic carbon; sterane; toxicity of motor vehicle emissions ID SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC FRACTIONS; DIESEL-ENGINE EMISSIONS; PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; COMBINED PARTICULATE; AMBIENT AIR; MUTAGENICITY; INHALATION; GASOLINE; CHILDREN AB In this study we investigated the statistical relationship between particle and semivolatile organic chemical constituents in gasoline and diesel vehicle exhaust Samples, and toxicity as measured by inflammation and tissue damage in rat lungs and mutagenicity in bacteria. Exhaust samples were collected from "normal" and "high-emitting" gasoline and diesel light-duty vehicles. We employed a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares regression (PLS; also known as projection to latent structures) to evaluate the relationships between chemical composition of vehicle exhaust and toxicity. The PLS analysis revealed the chemical constituents covarying most strongly with toxicity and produced models predicting the relative toxicity of the samples with good accuracy. The specific nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons important for mutagenicity were the same chemicals that have been implicated by decades of bioassay-directed fractionation. These chemicals were not related to lung toxicity, which was associated with organic carbon and select organic compounds that are present in lubricating oil. The results demonstrate the utility of the PCA/PLS approach for evaluating composition-response relationships in complex mixture exposures and also provide a starting point for confirming causality and determining the mechanisms of the lung effects. C1 Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. STATOIL, Res Ctr, Trondheim, Norway. Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP McDonald, JD (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM jmcdonal@lrri.org NR 36 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 20 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 112 IS 15 BP 1527 EP 1538 DI 10.1289/ehp.6976 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 869GX UT WOS:000224972500041 PM 15531438 ER PT J AU Cockerill, K Tidwell, V Passell, H AF Cockerill, K Tidwell, V Passell, H TI Assessing public perceptions of computer-based models SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE computer models; public perception; water planning; system dynamics AB Although there is a solid body of research on both collaborative decision-making and on processes using models, there is little research on general public attitudes about models and their use in making policy decisions. This project assessed opinions about computer models in general and attitudes about a specific model being used in water planning in the Middle Rio Grande Region of New Mexico, United States, More than 1000 individuals were surveyed about their perceptions of computer-based models in general. Additionally, more than 150 attendees at public meetings related to the Middle Rio Grande planning effort were surveyed about their perceptions of the specific Rio Grande-based model. The results reveal that the majority of respondents are confident in their ability to understand models and most believe that models are appropriate tools for education end for making policy decisions. Responses also reveal that trust in who develops a model is a key issue related to public support. Regarding the specific model highlighted in this project, the public revealed tremendous support for its usefulness as a public engagement tool as well as a tool to assist decision-makers in regional water planning. Although indicating broad support for models, the results do raise questions about the role of trust in using models in contentious decisions. C1 Univ New Mexico, Amer Studies Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cockerill, K (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Amer Studies Dept, Ortega Hall,Room 310,MSC 03-2110, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM kristan5@unm.edu RI Cockerill, Kristan/J-7179-2012; OI Tidwell, Vincent/0000-0002-4954-897X NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 5 BP 609 EP 619 DI 10.1007/s00267-003-0259-z PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 891LO UT WOS:000226582800001 PM 15633034 ER PT J AU Stack, AG Erni, R Browning, ND Casey, WH AF Stack, AG Erni, R Browning, ND Casey, WH TI Pyromorphite growth on lead-sulfide surfaces SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; NEVADA TEST-SITE; METAL TRANSPORT; DISSOLUTION; GALENA; PHOSPHATE; HYDROXYLAPATITE; IMMOBILIZATION; NUCLEATION; APATITE AB Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (EC-STM) and electron microscopies have been used to follow the nucleation and growth of similar to10-15 nm pyromorphite (Pb-5(Po-4)(3)Cl,OH) particles on a galena (PbS) substrate under oxidative conditions. The particle sizes and crystal morphologies are found to be strongly affected by solution and oxidation potential, and in the earliest stages the particles are generally sufficiently small to be mobilized in a soil. It is clear that the particles grow epitaxially under these conditions, based on observations of the particles' adherence to the surface during imaging, their preferred crystallographic orientation, their growth along surface features on the galena, and commensurate atomic structures. Through cyclic voltammetry, we show that the presence of phosphate also partially passivates the surface of the galena to oxidation. We propose two possibilities for the mechanism of passivation, one is that pyromorphite nucleation inhibits the retreat of steps, and the second is that adsorbed phosphate stabilizes a lead-terminated surface structure by coordinating lead and slowing its dissolution. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Casey, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM whcasey@ucdaxis.edu RI Stack, Andrew/D-2580-2013; Erni, Rolf/P-7435-2014; OI Stack, Andrew/0000-0003-4355-3679; Erni, Rolf/0000-0003-2391-5943; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5529 EP 5534 DI 10.1021/es049487s PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600015 PM 15575268 ER PT J AU Wang, ZM Zachara, JM Yantasee, W Gassman, PL Liu, CX Joly, AG AF Wang, ZM Zachara, JM Yantasee, W Gassman, PL Liu, CX Joly, AG TI Cryogenic laser induced fluorescence characterization of U(VI) in hanford vadose zone pore waters SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL; SPECTROSCOPY TRLFS; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; URANIUM(VI) ADSORPTION; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; SUBSURFACE MEDIA; IONIC STRENGTHS; EXCITED-STATES; SILICIC-ACID; URANYL AB Ambient and liquid helium temperature laser-induced time-resolved uranyl fluorescence spectroscopy was applied to study the speciation of aqueous uranyl solutions containing carbonate and phosphate and two porewater samples obtained by ultracentrifugation of U(VI)-contaminated sediments. The significantly enhanced fluorescence signal intensity and spectral resolution found at liquid helium temperature allowed, for the first time, direct fluorescence spectroscopic observation of the higher aqueous uranyl complexes with carbonate: Uo(2)(CO3)(2)(2-), UO2(CO3)(3)(4-), and (UO2)(2)(OH)(3)CO3-. The porewater samples were nonfluorescent at room temperature. However, at liquid helium temperature, both porewater samples displayed strong, well-resolved fluorescence spectra. Comparisons of the spectroscopic characteristics of the porewaters with those of the standard uranyl-carbonate complexes confirmed that U(VI) in the porewaters existed primarily as UO2(CO3)(3)(4-) along with a small amount of other minor components, such as dicalcium-urano-tricarbonate complex, Ca2UO2(CO3)(3), consistent with thermodynamic calculation. The UNO-carbonate complex is apparently the mobile species responsible for the subsurface migration of U(VI), even though the majority of the in-ground U(VI) inventory at the site from which the samples were obtained exists as intragrain U(VI)-silicate precipitates. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS1N K8-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov RI Liu, Chongxuan/C-5580-2009; Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010 OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357 NR 68 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5591 EP 5597 DI 10.1021/es049512u PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600023 PM 15575276 ER PT J AU Li, XQ Scheibe, TD Johnson, WP AF Li, XQ Scheibe, TD Johnson, WP TI Apparent decreases in colloid deposition rate coefficients with distance of transport under unfavorable deposition conditions: A general phenomenon SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; DEEP-BED FILTRATION; BACTERIAL TRANSPORT; BROWNIAN PARTICLES; COLUMN EXPERIMENTS; WASTE-WATER; KINETICS; HETEROGENEITY; AQUIFER; REMOVAL AB The transport of polystyrene microspheres was examined in packed glass beads under a variety of environmentally relevant ionic strength and flow conditions. The observed profiles of numbers of retained microspheres versus distance from the column entrance were much steeper than expected based on a constant rate coefficient of deposition across the length of the column, indicating apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with transport distance. Deviation in the profile from log-linear decreases with distance was greatest under highly unfavorable conditions (low ionic strength), relatively reduced under mildly unfavorable conditions (high ionic strength), and was eliminated under favorable conditions. The generality of apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with distance of transport among microspheres, bacteria, and viruses leads to the conclusion that such effects reflect processes that are fundamental to filtration under unfavorable conditions. Numerical simulations of experiments that were performed under unfavorable conditions utilized a log-normal distribution of deposition rate coefficients among the colloid population in order to simulate the effluent curves and retained profiles simultaneously. It is shown that while straining could be a significant contributor to the steep retained profiles at low ionic strength, where overall retention is low, distribution in interaction potentials among the population was a viable mechanism that can yield apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with distance of transport. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Johnson, WP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM wjohnson@mines.utah.edu RI Scheibe, Timothy/A-8788-2008; Johnson, William/G-7733-2011 OI Scheibe, Timothy/0000-0002-8864-5772; NR 42 TC 144 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5616 EP 5625 DI 10.1021/es049154v PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600027 PM 15575280 ER PT J AU Jeon, BH Kelly, SD Kemner, KM Barnett, MO Burgos, WD Dempsey, BA Roden, EE AF Jeon, BH Kelly, SD Kemner, KM Barnett, MO Burgos, WD Dempsey, BA Roden, EE TI Microbial reduction of U(VI) at the solid-water interface SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS; METAL REDUCTION; BACTERIAL REDUCTION; SUBSURFACE MEDIA; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; URANIUM; IRON; ADSORPTION; OXIDE AB Microbial (Geobacter sulfurreducens) reduction of 0.1 mM U(VI) in the presence of synthetic Fe(III) oxides and natural Fe(III) oxide-containing solids was investigated in pH 6.8 artificial groundwater containing 10 mM NaHCO3. In most experiments, more than 95% of added U(VI) was sorbed to solids, so that U(VI) reduction was governed by reactions at the solid-water interface. The rate and extent of reduction of U(VI) associated with surfaces of synthetic Fe(III) oxides (hydrous ferric oxide, goethite, and hematite) was comparable to that observed during reduction of aqueous U(VI). In contrast, microbial reduction of U(VI) sorbed to several different natural Fe(Ill) oxide-containing solids was slower and less extensive compared to synthetic Fe(III) oxide systems. Addition of the electron shuttling agent anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS; 0.1 mM) enhanced the rate and extent of both Fe(III) and U(VI) reduction. These findings suggest that AQDS facilitated electron transfer from G. sulfurreducens to U(VI) associated with surface sites at which direct enzymatic reduction was kinetically limited. Our results demonstrate that association of U(VI) with diverse surface sites in natural soils and sediments has the potential to limit the rate and extent of microbial U(VI) reduction and thereby modulate the effectiveness of in situ U(VI) bioremediation. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Res Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Roden, EE (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, A122 Bevill Bldg,7th Ave, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM eroden@bsc.as.ua.edu RI Dempsey, Brian/G-3482-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Jeon, Byong-Hun/0000-0002-5478-765X NR 56 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5649 EP 5655 DI 10.1021/es0496120 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600031 ER PT J AU Mashal, K Harsh, JB Flury, M Felmy, AR Zhao, HT AF Mashal, K Harsh, JB Flury, M Felmy, AR Zhao, HT TI Colloid formation in Hanford sediments reacted with simulated tank \waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITRATE-CANCRINITE; CESIUM; CHEMISTRY; KAOLINITE; SODALITE; MODEL AB Solutions of high pH, ionic strength, and aluminum concentration have leaked into the subsurface from underground waste storage tanks at the Hanford Reservation in Washington State. Here, we test the hypothesis that these waste solutions alter and dissolve the native minerals present in the sediments and that colloidal (diameter < 2 mum) feldspathoids form. We reacted Hanford sediments with simulated solutions representative of Hanford waste tanks. The solutions consisted of 1.4 or 2.8 mol/kg NaOH, 0.125 or 0.25 mol/kg NaAlO4, and 3.7 mol/kg NaNO3 and were contacted with the sediments for a period of 25 or 40 days at 50 degreesC. The colloidal size fraction was separated from the sediments and characterized in terms of mineralogy, morphology, chemical composition, and electrophoretic mobility. Upon reaction with tank waste solutions, native minerals released Si and other elements into the solution phase. This Si precipitated with the Al present in the waste solutions to form secondary minerals, identified as the feldspathoids cancrinite and sodalite. The solution phase was modeled with the chemical equilibrium model GMIN for solution speciation and saturation indices with respect to sodalite and cancrinite. The amount of colloidal material in the sediments increased upon reaction with waste solutions. At the natural pH found in Hanford sediments (pH 8) the newly formed minerals are negatively charged, similar to the unreacted colloidal material present in the sediments. The formation of colloidal material in Hanford sediments upon reaction with tank waste solutions is an important aspect to consider in the characterization of Hanford tank leaks and may affect the fate of hazardous radionuclides present in the tank waste. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Flury, M (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM flury@mail.wsu.edu RI ZHAO, HONGTING/B-1470-2010; Mashal, Kholoud/G-9636-2013; Harsh, James/C-7455-2014; Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012 OI Mashal, Kholoud/0000-0001-9591-4216; Harsh, James/0000-0002-0177-3342; Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962 NR 33 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5750 EP 5756 DI 10.1021/es0349709 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600043 PM 15575296 ER PT J AU Kamolpornwijit, W Liang, LY Moline, GR Hart, T West, OR AF Kamolpornwijit, W Liang, LY Moline, GR Hart, T West, OR TI Identification and quantification of mineral precipitation in Fe-0 filings from a column study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; ZERO-VALENT IRON; LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE; GRANULAR IRON; CORROSION PRODUCTS; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; GROUNDWATER; TRANSPORT; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DECHLORINATION AB Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify mineral phases and determine corrosion rates of granular iron samples from a 2-yr field column study. Similar to other studies, goethite, magnetite, aragonite, and calcite were found to be the major precipitated minerals, with Fe-2(OH)(2)CO3 and green rust as minor phases. Based on TGA-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, Flat corrodes at rates of 0.5-6.1 mmol kg(-1) d(-1) in the high NO3- (UP to 13.5 mM) groundwater; this rate is significantly higher than previously reported, Porosity reduction was 40.6%-45.1% for the inlet sand/Fe-O interface and 7.4%-25.6% for effluent samples of two test columns. Normalized for treatment volumes, porosity loss values are consistent with studies that use high levels Of SO42- but are higher than those using low levels of corrosive species. Aqueous mass balance calculations yield corrosion rates similar to the TGA-MS method, providing an alternative to coring and mineralogical analysis. A severely corroded iron sample from the column simulating a 17-yr treatment throughput showed >75% porosity loss. Extensive porosity loss due to high levels of corrosive species in groundwater will have significant impact on long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Cardiff Sch Engn, Cardiff CF24 0YF, S Glam, Wales. Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Liang, LY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Liang@cardiff.ac.uk RI Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014; OI Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324; Hart, Todd/0000-0001-8013-0689 NR 34 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 21 BP 5757 EP 5765 DI 10.1021/es035085t PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866SO UT WOS:000224793600044 PM 15575297 ER PT J AU Pounds, JG Haider, J Chen, DG Mumtaz, M AF Pounds, JG Haider, J Chen, DG Mumtaz, M TI Interactive toxicity of simple chemical mixtures of cadmium, mercury, methylmercury and trimethyltin: model-dependent responses SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Chemical Mixtures (ICCM) CY SEP 09-12, 2002 CL Atlanta, GA SP FDA, US EPA, NIEHS, NIOSH, Health Council Netherlands DE cytotoxicity; in vitro; mixtures; cadmium; mercury; methylmercury; trimethyltin; dose-response; nonlinear models; isobologram; risk assessment ID FACTORIAL DESIGN AB Scientific and societal interest in the analysis of aggregate toxicity derives from the fact that people are seldom exposed to single chemicals, but rather to multiple agents from different sources and even to mixtures of agents from a single source. Many descriptive terms and mathematical, graphical, and statistical models have been used to evaluate the toxicity of simple mixtures. It is not very easy to distinguish clearly the intrinsic differences, distinctions and limitations of these models when applied to characterizing interactive toxicity. A series of experiments were performed to illustrate model-dependent consistencies and differences in interactive toxicity. Cultured murine renal cortical cells, target cells for metal toxicity, were treated with selected concentrations of one metal or binary mixtures of metals to give conditions of dose-additivity, response additivity, or with only one toxic member of the binary mixture. The cytotoxicity was determined at 24 h by lactate dehydrogenase release. The data were analyzed graphically and mathematically by (a) Carter's statistical isobologram, (b) Barton's non-linear, and (c) Kodell and Pounds' linear models to characterize the interaction. These models were compared and contrasted for robustness, and consistency using these common data sets. The models gave generally consistent conclusions, but each model has limitations and strengths for assessing particular mixtures scenarios. This comparison illustrates the complexity of extrapolating conclusions between models, and difficulty of public health assessment from exposures to multiple chemicals in the environment. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Wayne State Univ, Inst Chem Toxicol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pounds, JG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, 902 Battelle Blvd,MS P7-58, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM joel.pounds@pnl.gov OI Pounds, Joel/0000-0002-6616-1566 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-6689 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 101 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.etap.2004.05.012 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 875VL UT WOS:000225450100005 PM 21782739 ER PT J AU Urban, W Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Pinston, JA Kurpeta, J Rzaca-Urban, T Durell, JL Smith, AG Varley, BJ Schulz, N Ahmad, I AF Urban, W Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Pinston, JA Kurpeta, J Rzaca-Urban, T Durell, JL Smith, AG Varley, BJ Schulz, N Ahmad, I TI New spins for ground states and isomers in Pd-115 and Pd-117 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Letter ID NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; ION-INDUCED FISSION; PALLADIUM ISOTOPES; ZR NUCLEI; REGION; DEFORMATION; DECAY; IDENTIFICATION; BANDS; SCHEME AB Levels in Pd-115 and Pd-117 nuclei, populated in the spontaneous fission Of Cm-248 were studied by means of prompt gamma spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array of Anti-Compton spectrometers. Negative-parity, I = 9/2 excitations were identified, which are associated with the long-lived isomers in these nuclei, reported previously as 11/2(-) excitations. The new data indicate spin and parity 3/2(+) for ground states in Pd-115 and Pd-117 instead of 5/2(+) proposed in previous works. This result implicates changes of spin assignments. to other levels in both nuclei. C1 Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. IN2P3, CNRS, UMR 7500, Inst Rech Subatom, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Urban, W (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Ul Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM urban@fuw.edu.pl NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 157 EP 161 DI 10.1140/epja/i2004-10090-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 880WN UT WOS:000225820800001 ER PT J AU Urban, W Rzaca-Urban, T Droste, C Rohozinski, SG Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Schulz, N Ahmad, I Pinston, JA AF Urban, W Rzaca-Urban, T Droste, C Rohozinski, SG Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Schulz, N Ahmad, I Pinston, JA TI New bands and spin-parity assignments in Ru-111 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION; FRAGMENTS; ISOTOPES; RU AB The Ru-111 nucleus, populated in the spontaneous fission Of Cm-248 has been studied by means of prompt gamma spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array. Spin and parity assignments, based on angular correlations, linear polarization, and conversion coefficient measurements differ from those available in the literature. New bands are reported, which incorporate gamma transitions seen previously but not placed in the scheme of Ru-111 or placed incorrectly. The bands are interpreted as neutron excitations into subshells originating predominantly from the h(11/2), g(7/2) and s(1/2) spherical orbitals. The s(1/2) band, strongly mixed with the d(3/2), d(5/2) and g(7/2) configurations, is observed for the first time in this region. C1 Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Inst Rech Subatom, IN2P3, CNRS, UMR 7500, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France. RP Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Ul Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM urban@fuw.edu.pl NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1140/epja/i2003-10234-8 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 880WN UT WOS:000225820800008 ER PT J AU Urban, W Pinston, JA Genevey, J Rzaca-Urban, T Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Ahmad, I Schulz, N AF Urban, W Pinston, JA Genevey, J Rzaca-Urban, T Zlomaniec, A Simpson, G Durell, JL Phillips, WR Smith, AG Varley, BJ Ahmad, I Schulz, N TI The nu 9/2[404] orbital and the deformation in the A similar to 100 region SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATELY 100 REGION; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; ROTATIONAL BANDS; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; FISSION FRAGMENTS; ZR NUCLEI; STATES; ZR-100; SR; SR-98 AB A T-1/2 = 16(2) ns isomeric level. populated in the spontaneous fission of 248 Cm, has been found in Zr-101 at 941.8 keV in a measurement of prompt gamma-rays using the EUROGAM2 array. The level is interpreted as a K-isomer corresponding to the 9/2[404] neutron-hole excitation. The quadrupole moment, Q(o) = 3.6(4) eb, deduced for the new band indicates a large deformation Of beta(2) = 0.38(4), which is produced by a specific shape-coexistence mechanism. This is another observation of the nu9/2[404] orbital in the mass A similar to 100 region, confirming the presence of the effect reported first in our previous work. The 9/2[404] neutron-hole excitation is also confirmed in the Sr-97 nucleus and the deformation beta(2) = 0.44(2) is determined for this configuration. The properties of the 9/2[404] neutron orbital and its influence on the onset of deformation in the A similar to 100 region are discussed. C1 Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, CNRS, UMR 7500, IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RP Urban, W (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France. EM urban@fuw.edu.pl NR 40 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 241 EP 252 DI 10.1140/epja/i2004-10037-5 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 880WN UT WOS:000225820800009 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, MB TI An epsilon-expansion for small-world networks SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; DIFFUSION AB I construct a well-defined expansion in epsilon = 2 - d for diffusion processes on small-world networks. The technique permits one to calculate the average over disorder of moments of the Green's function, and is used to calculate the average Green's function and fluctuations to first non-leading order in epsilon, giving results which agree with numerics. This technique is also applicable to other problems of diffusion in random media. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, T-13, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 42 IS 2 BP 297 EP 301 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00383-6 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 890AG UT WOS:000226483500018 ER PT J AU Nishimura, H Lambertson, G Kalnins, JG Gould, H AF Nishimura, H Lambertson, G Kalnins, JG Gould, H TI Feasibility of a storage ring for polar molecules in strong-field-seeking states SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL MOLECULES AB We show, through modeling and simulation, that it is feasible to construct a storage ring that will store dense bunches of strong-field-seeking polar molecules at 30 m/s (kinetic energy of 2 K) and hold them, for several minutes, against losses due to defocusing, oscillations, and diffusion. The ring, 3 m in diameter, has straight sections that afford access to the stored molecules and a lattice structure that may be adapted for evaporative cooling. Simulation is done using a newly-developed code that tracks the particles, in time, through 400 turns; it accounts for longitudinal velocity changes as a function of external electric field, focusing and deflection nonlinearities, and the effects of gravity. An injector, decelerator, and source are included and intensities are calculated. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nishimura, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 80-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM H_Nishimura@lbl.gov NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 2 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00153-8 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 882IW UT WOS:000225933600020 ER PT J AU Elioff, MS Valentini, JJ Chandler, DW AF Elioff, MS Valentini, JJ Chandler, DW TI Formation of NO(j '=7.5) molecules with sub-kelvin translational energy via molecular beam collisions with argon using the technique of molecular cooling by inelastic collisional energy-transfer SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; SODIUM ATOMS; GAS; ION; PHOTOELECTRON; CESIUM; OXYGEN; VAPOR; LASER AB We report the cooling of nitric oxide molecules in a single collision between an argon atom and an NO molecule at collision energies of 5.65+/-0.36 kJ/mol and 14.7+/-0.9 kJ/mol in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. We have produced in significant numbers (similar to10(8) molecules cm(-3) per quantum state) translationally cold NO((2)Pi(1/2), v'=0, j'=7.5) molecules in a specific quantum state with an upper-limit laboratory-frame rms velocity of 14.8+/-1.1 m/s, corresponding to a temperature of 406+/-28 mK. The translational cooling results from the kinematic collapse of the velocity distribution of the NO molecules after collision. Increasing the collision energy by increasing the velocity of the argon atoms; as we do here, does shift the scattering angle at which the cold molecules appear, but does not result in an experimentally measurable change in the velocity spread of the cold NO. This is entirely consistent with our analysis of the kinematics of the scattering which predicts that the velocity spread will actually decrease with increasing argon atom velocity. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Elioff, MS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM elioff@sbcglobal.net NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 2 BP 385 EP 393 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00158-3 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 882IW UT WOS:000225933600023 ER PT J AU Di Rosa, MD AF Di Rosa, MD TI Laser-cooling molecules - Concept, candidates, and supporting hyperfine-resolved measurements of rotational lines in the A-X(0,0) band of CaH SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; A-X; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; MAGNETOOPTICAL TRAP; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; CROSS-SECTIONS; SODIUM ATOMS; VAPOR-CELL; SPECTRA AB Certain molecules, it seems, may be laser cooled by methods technically similar to those applied with abundant success in atomic. physics. We discuss the spectroscopic criteria molecules should meet to make methods of Doppler cooling technically feasible and identify diatomic candidates. Some candidates, such as the alkaline-earth monohydrides (e.g. BeH and CaH), are paramagnetic and amenable to magneto-optical trapping. Our experimental study concentrates on CaH, and we present our recent high-resolution, molecular-beam-based measurements of low-J rotational lines within the A-X (0,0) band of CaH. From these measurements we report hyperfine separations in the A-state, as important to laser-cooling spectroscopy, and centroidal transition frequencies for comparison with existing values. We conclude with an outline of a possible magneto-optical trap for CaH. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Di Rosa, MD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop J567, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mdd@lanl.gov NR 56 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 2 BP 395 EP 402 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00167-2 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 882IW UT WOS:000225933600024 ER PT J AU Ji, HF Yan, XD Zhang, J Thundat, T AF Ji, HF Yan, XD Zhang, J Thundat, T TI Molecular recognition of biowarfare agents using micromechanical sensors SO EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Review DE absorption induced bending; biowarfare agent detection; microcantilever sensors; nanomechanical sensing; ricin; tularemia ID MICROCANTILEVER SENSORS; TULAREMIA AB Recent terrorist events have demonstrated that an urgent and widespread need exists for the development of novel sensors for threat detection, especially biowarfare agents. The advent of inexpensive, mass-produced microcantilever sensors promises to bring about a revolution in detection of terrorist threats. Extremely sensitive and highly selective sensors can be developed for using a microcantilever platform. Microcantilevers undergo bending when molecules are adsorbed on a single side. For biowarfare agent detection, specificity is achieved by Immobilizing antibodies on one side of the cantilever. Antigen adsorption decreases surface energy and stress, resulting In cantilever deflection. C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nanoscale Sci & Devices Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ji, HF (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. EM hfi@chem.latech.edu NR 22 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 5 PU FUTURE DRUGS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEYY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1473-7159 J9 EXPERT REV MOL DIAGN JI Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 6 BP 859 EP 866 DI 10.1586/14737159.4.6.859 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 942QI UT WOS:000230296500010 PM 15525227 ER PT J AU Hooth, MJ Sills, RC Burka, LT Haseman, JK Witt, KL Orzech, DP Fuciarelli, AF Graves, SW Johnson, JD Bucher, JR AF Hooth, MJ Sills, RC Burka, LT Haseman, JK Witt, KL Orzech, DP Fuciarelli, AF Graves, SW Johnson, JD Bucher, JR TI Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of microencapsulated trans-cinnamaldehyde in rats and mice SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trans-cinnamaldehyde; food additives; fragrance additives; GRAS list; microencapsulation; toxicity; rats; mice; hippuric acid; cinnamyl; anthranilate ID SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY TESTS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; ZERO DOSE CONTROL; CHEMICALS; DROSOPHILA; TOXICITY; PROGRAM; MOUSE; FEED AB trans-Cinnamaldehyde is a widely used natural ingredient that is added to foods and cosmetics as a flavoring and fragrance agent. Mate and female F344/N rats and B6C3F(1) mice were exposed to microencapsulated trans-cinnamaldehyde in the feed for three months or two years. All studies included untreated and vehicle control groups. In the three-month studies, rats and mice were given diets containing 4100, 8200, 16,500, or 33,000 ppm trans-cinnamaldehyde. In rats, feed consumption was reduced in all exposed groups. In mice, feed consumption was reduced in the highest dose groups. Body weights of all treated males were less than controls. Body weights were reduced in female rats exposed to 16,500 or 33,000 ppm and female mice exposed to 8200 ppm or greater. All rats survived to the end of the study but some male mice in the highest dose groups died due to inanition from unpalatability of the dosed feed. The incidence of squamous epithelia] hyperplasia of the forestomach was significantly increased in rats exposed to 8200 ppm or greater and female mice exposed to 33,000 ppm. In mice, the incidence of olfactory epithelial degeneration of the nasal cavity was significantly increased in males and females exposed to 16,500 ppm and females exposed to 33,000 ppm. In the two-year studies, rats and mice were exposed to 1000, 2 100, or 4 100 ppm trans-cinnamaldehyde. Body weights were reduced in mice exposed to 2 100 ppm and in rats and mice exposed to 4100 ppm. In rats, hippuric acid excretion was dose proportional indicating that absorption, metabolism, and excretion were not saturated. No neoplasms were attributed to trans-cinnamaldehyde in rats or mice. Squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the forestomach were observed in male and female mice but the incidences were within the NTP historical control range and were not considered to be related to trans-cinnamaldehyde exposure. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Battelle Toxicol NW, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Battelle Lab, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Hooth, MJ (reprint author), NIEHS, Mail Drop EC-35,79 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hooth@niehs.nih.gov NR 40 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 42 IS 11 BP 1757 EP 1768 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2004.07.002 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 859IX UT WOS:000224257700005 PM 15350673 ER PT J AU Friedmann, SF Homer-Dixon, T AF Friedmann, SF Homer-Dixon, T TI Out of the energy box SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB Global warming caused by fossil fuel emissions will be a difficult problem to solve. Reducing emissions by slowing growth is too painful, and neither conservation nor alternative energy sources are currently viable answers. Governments and industry should focus on promoting technologies such as "carbon sequestration" that trap harmful emissions and bury them safely deep underground. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Toronto, Pierre Elliott Trudeau Ctr Peace & Conflict Studi, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Friedmann, SF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC PI NEW YORK PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0015-7120 J9 FOREIGN AFF JI Foreign Aff. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 83 IS 6 BP 72 EP + DI 10.2307/20034138 PG 17 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 866AT UT WOS:000224746000007 ER PT J AU Ying, AY Abdou, MA Morley, N Sketchley, T Woolley, R Burris, J Kaita, R Fogarty, P Huang, H Lao, X Narula, M Smolentsev, S Ulrickson, M AF Ying, AY Abdou, MA Morley, N Sketchley, T Woolley, R Burris, J Kaita, R Fogarty, P Huang, H Lao, X Narula, M Smolentsev, S Ulrickson, M TI Exploratory studies of flowing liquid metal divertor options for fusion-relevant magnetic fields in the MTOR facility SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE liquid metal; free surface; magnetohydrodynamics; fusion; divertor AB This paper reports on experimental findings on liquid metal (LM) free surface flows crossing complex magnetic fields. The experiments involve jet and film flows using GaInSn and are conducted at the UCLA MTOR facility. The goal of this study is to understand the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) features associated with such a free surface flow in a fusion-relevant magnetic field environment, and determine what LM free surface flow option is most suitable for lithium divertor particle pumping and surface heat removal applications in a near-term experimental plasma device, such as NSTX. Experimental findings indicate that a steady transverse magnetic field, even with gradients typical of NSTX outer divertor conditions, stabilizes a LM jet flow-reducing turbulent disturbances and delaying jet breakup. Important insights into the MHD behavior of liquid metal films under NSTX-like environments are also presented. It is possible to establish an uphill liquid metal film flow on a conducting substrate, although the MHD drag experienced by the flow could be strong and cause the flow to pile-up under simulated NSTX magnetic field conditions. The magnetic field changes the turbulent film flow so that wave structures range from 2D column-type surface disturbances at regions of high magnetic field, to ordinary hydrodynamic turbulence wave structures at regions of low field strength at the outboard. Plans for future work are also presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Energy & Power Dept, Nanjing, Peoples R China. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 420 Westwood Pza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ying@fusion.ucla.edu NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 EI 1873-7196 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 35 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.004 PG 28 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500003 ER PT J AU Tanaka, TJ Bauer, FJ Lutz, TJ McDonald, JM Nygren, RE Troncosa, KP Ulrickson, MA Youchison, DL AF Tanaka, TJ Bauer, FJ Lutz, TJ McDonald, JM Nygren, RE Troncosa, KP Ulrickson, MA Youchison, DL TI Liquid metal integrated test system (LIMITS) SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE liquid metal flow loop; lithium; magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; LITHIUM TARGET; DIVERTORS; PLASMA; IFMIF; FLOW AB This paper describes the liquid metal integrated test system (LIMITS) at Sandia National Laboratories'. This system was designed to study the flow of molten metals and salts in a vacuum as a preliminary study for flowing liquid surfaces inside of magnetic fusion reactors. The system consists of a heated furnace with attached centrifugal pump, a vacuum chamber, and a transfer chamber for storage and addition of fresh material. Diagnostics include an electromagnetic flow meter, a high temperature pressure transducer, and an electronic level meter. Many ports in the vacuum chamber allow testing the thermal behavior of the flowing liquids heated with an electron beam or study of the effect of a magnetic field on motion of the liquid. Some preliminary tests have been performed to determine the effect of a static magnetic field on stream flow from a nozzle. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tanaka, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tjtanak@sandia.gov OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 83 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.012 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500005 ER PT J AU Allain, JP Nieto, M Coventry, MD Stubbers, R Ruzic, DN AF Allain, JP Nieto, M Coventry, MD Stubbers, R Ruzic, DN TI Studies of liquid-metal erosion and free surface flowing liquid lithium retention of helium at the University of Illinois SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE plasma; evaporation; FLIRE ID INDIUM EUTECTIC ALLOY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMA; GALLIUM; PHASE; LI; TRANSPORT; HYDROGEN; HE AB The erosion of liquid-metals from low-energy particle bombardment at 45degrees incidence has been measured for a combination of species and target materials in the ion-surface interaction experiment (IIAX) at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Measurements include bombardment of liquid Li, Sn-Li and Sn by H+, D+, He+, and Li+ particles at energies from 100 to 1000eV and temperatures from 20 to 420 degreesC. Lithium sputtering near and just above the melting point shows little change compared to room temperature, solid-Li yields. When lithium is sputtered, about 2/3 of the sputtered flux is in the charged state. Temperature-dependent sputtering results show enhanced (up to an order-of-magnitude increase) sputter yields as the temperature of the sample is increased about a factor of two of the melting point for all liquid-metals studied (e.g., Li, Sn-Li, and Sn). The enhancement is explained by two mechanisms: near-surface binding of eroded atoms and the nature of the near-surface recoil energy and angular distribution as a function of temperature. The Flowing Liquid Retention Experiment (FLIRE) measured particle transport by flowing liquid films when exposed to energetic particles. Measurements of retention coefficient were performed for helium ions implanted by an ion beam into fl6wing liquid lithium at 230 degreesC in the FLIRE facility. A linear dependence of the retention coefficient with implanted particle energy is found, given by the expression R = (5.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(-3) keV(-1). The ion flux level did not have an effect for the flux level used in this work (similar to 10(13) cm(-2) s(-1)) and square root dependence with velocity is also observed, which is in agreement with existing particle transport models. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Allain, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM allain@anl.gov; druzic@uiuc.edu OI Nieto-Perez, Martin/0000-0001-6600-9786; Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X NR 33 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 93 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.006 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500006 ER PT J AU Bastasz, R Whaley, JA AF Bastasz, R Whaley, JA TI Surface composition of liquid metals and alloys SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE liquid metals; lithium; gallium; tin; hydrogen; deuterium; adsorption; surface segregation; low-energy ion scattering; direct recoil spectroscopy; plasma-surface interactions; magnetic fusion reactors ID ENERGY ION-SCATTERING; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; SPECTROSCOPY; NICISS; ICISS; ORDER AB In order to characterize the surfaces of liquids proposed for use as plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors, the techniques of low-energy ion scattering and direct recoil spectroscopy have been used to examine the surface compositions of liquid Li, Ga, Sn, and a Sn-Li alloy in vacuum as a function of temperature. Oxygen is found to segregate to the surface of several metallic liquids. In the case of a Sn-Li alloy, Li also segregates to the liquid surface. Molecular hydrogen and its isotopes readily adsorb on Li surfaces, but not on those of Ga or Sn. Hydrogenic atoms at thermal energies can adsorb on both Li and Ga, but no evidence has been found for hydrogen isotopes residing at the surface of liquid Sn from the melting temperature to 800 degreesC. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bastasz, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bastasz@sandia.gov NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.005 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500007 ER PT J AU Majeski, R Kaita, R Boaz, M Efthimion, P Gray, T Jones, B Hoffman, D Kugel, H Menard, J Munsat, T Post-Zwicker, A Spaleta, J Taylor, G Timberlake, J Woolley, R Zakharov, L Finkenthal, M Stutman, D Antar, G Doerner, R Luckhardt, S Seraydarian, R Maingi, R Maiorano, M Smith, S Rodgers, D Soukhanovskii, V AF Majeski, R Kaita, R Boaz, M Efthimion, P Gray, T Jones, B Hoffman, D Kugel, H Menard, J Munsat, T Post-Zwicker, A Spaleta, J Taylor, G Timberlake, J Woolley, R Zakharov, L Finkenthal, M Stutman, D Antar, G Doerner, R Luckhardt, S Seraydarian, R Maingi, R Maiorano, M Smith, S Rodgers, D Soukhanovskii, V TI Testing of liquid lithium limiters in CDX-U SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE liquid lithium limiters; plasma-edge interactions; CDX-U ID SPHERICAL TORUS PLASMA; PERFORMANCE AB Part of the development of liquid metals as a first wall or divertor for reactor applications must involve the investigation of plasma-liquid metal interactions in a functioning tokamak. Most of the interest in liquid metal walls has focused on lithium. Experiments with lithium limiters have now been conducted in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade (CDX-U) device at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Initial experiments used a liquid lithium rail limiter (L3) built by the University of California at San Diego. Spectroscopic measurements showed some reduction of impurities in CDX-U plasmas with the L3, compared to discharges with a boron carbide limiter. While no reduction in recycling was observed with the L3, which had a plasma-wet area of approximately 40 cm(2), subsequent experiments with a larger area fully toroidal lithium limiter demonstrated significant reductions in both recycling and in impurity levels. Two series of experiments with the toroidal limiter have now been performed. In each series, the area of exposed, clean lithium was increased, until in the latest experiments, the liquid lithium plasma-facing area was increased to 2000 cm(2). Under these conditions, the reduction in recycling required a factor of eight increase in gas fueling in order to maintain the plasma density. The loop voltage required to sustain the plasma current was reduced from 2 V to 0.5 V. This paper summarizes the technical preparations for lithium experiments and the conditioning required to prepare the lithium surface for plasma operations. The mechanical response of the liquid metal to induced currents, especially through contact with the plasma, is discussed. The effect of the lithium-filled toroidal limiter on plasma performance is also briefly described. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Majeski, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, MS17,POB 451,Rt 1 N Sayne Dr, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM rmajeski@pppl.gov RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.002 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500008 ER PT J AU Whyte, DG Evans, TE Wong, CPC West, WP Bastasz, R Allain, JP Brooks, JN AF Whyte, DG Evans, TE Wong, CPC West, WP Bastasz, R Allain, JP Brooks, JN TI Experimental observations of lithium as a plasma-facing surface in the DIII-D tokamak divertor SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE fusion; divertor; plasma-facing component; lithium; liquid; MHD; disruption ID ENHANCED PERFORMANCE; LIQUID LITHIUM; EROSION; OPERATION AB Several experiments exposing a 5 cm 2 solid and liquid lithium to the divertor plasma of the DIII-D are described. The divertor plasma strikepoint cleans and conditions the initially solid lithium surface. The effective sputtering rate and transport of lithium was found to be acceptable. Lithium has a sputtering yield of solid lithium < 10% for T-e similar to20 eV. The sputtered lithium is ionized in a short distance from the divertor and promptly redeposited. Experiments and modeling show the sputtered lithium is well shielded by the divertor plasma. The behavior of the liquefied lithium was dominated by its macroscopic movement and injection into the plasma caused by J x B magnetchydrodynamic (MHD) forces. Plasma MHD events, such as edge localized modes (ELMs) and locked modes, are found to provide simultaneously the energy to melt the lithium and the transiently high scrapeoff layer (SOL) currents to cause the J x B motion. The macroscopic removal of lithium from the small sample, comprising <1/1000th of the wetted divertor area, leads to measurable contamination of the core plasma by lithium. The quantity of injected lithium was sufficient to degrade confinement and/or cause disruptions. These observations indicate that surface stability and MHD motion are the most critical issues with regard to liquid-metal divertor surfaces. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Whyte, DG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM whyte@engr.wisc.edu OI Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X NR 15 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 133 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.014 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500009 ER PT J AU Zakharov, LE Gorelenkov, NN White, RB Krasheninnikov, SI Pereverzev, GV AF Zakharov, LE Gorelenkov, NN White, RB Krasheninnikov, SI Pereverzev, GV TI Ignited spherical tokamaks and plasma regimes with LiWalls SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE tokamaks; fusion reactor; ignition; first wall; tritium; DD fusion ID ALCATOR C-MOD; CDX-U; EDGE PLASMA; ITER-FEAT; CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; PARTICLE; TORUS; BETA; SIMULATIONS AB Basic requirements of the fusion power reactor and its development are outlined. The notion of operational power reactor regime (OPRR) is introduced explicitly for the first time in order to distinguish it from the relatively short ignition phase of the reactor operation. Development of OPRR is intrinsically linked to two basic technology objectives, i.e., development of the first wall (FW) and the tritium cycle (TC). The paper reveals an existing fundamental gap in the reactor development path associated with the lack of necessary amounts of tritium for the reactor design development. In this regard, low recycling regimes with a plasma limited by a lithium wall surface suggest enhanced stability and energy confinement, both necessary for tokamak power reactors. These regimes also could make ignition and OPRR feasible in compact tokamaks. Ignited spherical tokamaks (IST), self-sufficient in the bootstrap current, are introduced as a necessary interim step for development OPRR-FW-TC for the power reactors. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Zakharov, LE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, MS-27,POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM lzakharov@pppl.gov RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 34 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.015 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500010 ER PT J AU Kotschenreuther, M Rognlien, T Valanju, P AF Kotschenreuther, M Rognlien, T Valanju, P TI Implications of convective scrape-off layer transport for fusion reactors with solid and liquid walls SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE fusion reactors; impurities; plasma screening factor ID ALCATOR C-MOD; UPGRADE DIVERTOR TOKAMAK; PLASMA TRANSPORT; NEUTRAL BEAM; EROSION AB Recent experimental observations in tokamaks indicate enhanced convection of plasma blobs toward the main chamber wall. Potential implications of these observations for reactors are examined here. Two-dimensional plasma edge calculations are performed with UEDGE, including convective transport consistent with present experiments. This is coupled to a kinetic neutral calculation using the code NUT, to compute the hot neutral flux to the wall. The inclusion of convection increases sputtering of the wall by roughly an order of magnitude. For tungsten walls, erosion (neglecting re-deposition) is estimated to be similar to.6 mm year(-1). The enhanced source of impurities for high Z walls requires an enhanced plasma screening factor to allow ignition. Low Z liquid materials enable acceptable plasma contamination with much lower screening factors. Rough estimates of dust generation from erosion rates with convection imply significant safety issues. Plasma transport via blobs can also strongly modify models of impurity screening and redeposition, and represents a potential feasibility issue in need of further research. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kotschenreuther, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, RLM 11-218,MS C1500, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mtk@mail.utexas.edu NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 169 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.016 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500011 ER PT J AU Nygren, RE Rognlien, TD Rensink, ME Smolentsev, SS Youssef, MZ Sawan, ME Merrill, BJ Eberle, C Fogarty, PJ Nelson, BE Sze, DK Majeski, R AF Nygren, RE Rognlien, TD Rensink, ME Smolentsev, SS Youssef, MZ Sawan, ME Merrill, BJ Eberle, C Fogarty, PJ Nelson, BE Sze, DK Majeski, R TI A fusion reactor design with a liquid first wall and divertor SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE APEX; magneto-hydrodynamic effects; alpha power ID ENERGY DEMAND-GROWTH; POWER-PLANT; WORLD-POPULATION; HEAT DEPOSITION; EFFICIENT WORLD; POTENTIAL ROLE; CDX-U; LITHIUM; ARIES; SYSTEMS AB Within the magnetic fusion energy program in the US, a program called APEX is investigating the use of free flowing liquid surfaces to form the inner surface of the chamber around the plasma. As part of this work, the APEX Team has investigated several possible design implementations and developed a specific engineering concept for a fusion reactor with liquid walls. Our approach has been to utilize an already established design for a future fusion reactor, the ARIES-RS, for the basic chamber geometry and magnetic configuration, and to replace the chamber technology in this design with liquid wall technology for a first wall and divertor and a blanket with adequate tritium breeding. This paper gives an overview of one design with a molten salt (a mixture of lithium, beryllium and sodium fluorides) forming the liquid surfaces and a ferritic steel for the structural material of the blanket. The design point is a reactor with 3840 MW of fusion power of which 767 MW is in the form of energetic particles (alpha power) and 3073 MW is in the form of neutrons. The alpha plus auxiliary power total 909 MW of which 430 MW is radiated from the core mostly onto the first wall and the balance flows into the edge plasma and is distributed between the first wall and the divertor. In pursuing the application of liquid surfaces in APEX, the team has developed analytical tools that are significant achievements themselves and also pursued experiments on flowing liquids. This work is covered elsewhere, but the paper will also note several such areas to indicate the supporting science behind the design presented. Significant new work in modeling the plasma edge to understand the interaction of the plasma with the liquid walls is one example. Another is the incorporation of magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) effects in fluid modeling and heat transfer. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Nygren, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1129, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM renygre@sandia.gov NR 82 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 181 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.007 PG 41 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500012 ER PT J AU Nygren, RE Cowgill, DF Ulrickson, MA Nelson, BE Fogarty, PJ Rognlien, TD Rensink, ME Hassanein, A Smolentsev, SS Kotschenreuther, M AF Nygren, RE Cowgill, DF Ulrickson, MA Nelson, BE Fogarty, PJ Rognlien, TD Rensink, ME Hassanein, A Smolentsev, SS Kotschenreuther, M TI Design integration of liquid surface divertors SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE divertor; edge modeling; first wall ID LITHIUM; RETENTION; SYSTEMS; EROSION; ARIES; FLOWS; LI; HE; EROSION/REDEPOSITION; DIFFUSIVITY AB The US Enabling Technology Program in fusion is investigating the use of free flowing liquid surfaces facing the plasma. We have been studying the issues in integrating a liquid surface divertor into a configuration based upon an advanced tokamak, specifically the ARIES-RS configuration. The simplest form of such a divertor is to extend the flow of the liquid first wall into the divertor and thereby avoid introducing additional fluid streams. In this case, one can modify the flow above the divertor to enhance thermal mixing. For divertors with flowing liquid metals (or other electrically conductive fluids) MHD (magnetohydrodynamics) effects are a major concern and can produce forces that redirect flow and suppress turbulence. An evaluation of Flibe (a molten salt) as a working fluid was done to assess a case in which the MHD forces could be largely neglected. Initial studies indicate that, for a tokamak with high power density, an integrated Flibe first wall and divertor does not seem workable. We have continued work with molten salts and replaced Flibe with Flinabe, a mixture of lithium, sodium and beryllium fluorides, that has some potential because of its lower melting temperature. Sn and Sn-Li have also been considered, and the initial evaluations on heat removal with minimal plasma contamination show promise, although the complicated 3D MHD flows cannot yet be fully modeled. Particle pumping in these design concepts is accomplished by conventional means (ports and pumps). However, trapping of hydrogen in these flowing liquids seems plausible and novel concepts for entrapping helium are also being studied. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Nygren, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM renygre@sandia.gov NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 223 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.009 PG 22 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500013 ER PT J AU Wong, CPC Malang, S Sawan, M Sviatoslavsky, I Mogahed, E Smolentsev, S Majumdar, S Merrill, B Mattas, R Friend, M Bolin, J Sharafat, S AF Wong, CPC Malang, S Sawan, M Sviatoslavsky, I Mogahed, E Smolentsev, S Majumdar, S Merrill, B Mattas, R Friend, M Bolin, J Sharafat, S TI Molten salt self-cooled solid first wall and blanket design based on advanced ferritic steel SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE fusion; first wall; blanket; advanced ferritic steel; FLiBe; re-circulation coolant; systems study; liquid metal MHD; gas turbine ID LITHIUM; FLOWS; ALLOY AB As an element in the U.S. Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) program, the solid first wall and blanket design team assessed innovative design configurations with the use of advanced nano-composite ferritic steel (AFS) as the structural material and FLiBe as the tritium breeder and coolant. The goal for the assessment is to search for designs that can have high volumetric power density and surface heat-flux handling capability, with assurance of fuel self-sufficiency, high thermal efficiency and passive safety for a tokamak power reactor. We selected the re-circulating flow configuration as our reference design. Based on the recommended material properties of AFS We found that the reference design can handle a maximum surface heat flux of I MW/m(2), and a maximum neutron wall loading of 5.4 MW/m(2), with a gross thermal efficiency of 47%, while meeting all the tritium breeding, structural design and passive safety requirements. This paper will cover the results of the following areas of assessment: material design properties, FW/blanket design configuration, materials compatibility, components fabrication, neutronics analysis, thermal-hydraulics analysis including MHD effects, structural analysis; molten salt and helium closed cycle power conversion system; and safety and waste disposal of the re-circulating coolant first wall and blanket design. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Fus Nucl Technol Consulting, Linkenheim, Germany. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Wong, CPC (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM wongc@fusion.gat.com NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 245 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.011 PG 31 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500014 ER PT J AU Merrill, BJ Sawan, M Wong, CPC Nygren, RE Cadwallader, LC Malang, S Sze, DK AF Merrill, BJ Sawan, M Wong, CPC Nygren, RE Cadwallader, LC Malang, S Sze, DK TI Safety assessment of two advanced ferritic steel molten salt blanket design concepts SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE fusion safety; APEX; LOCA; LOVA; bypass accidents; site dose; molten salts ID FIRST WALL; HYDROGEN; PERMEATION; DEUTERIUM; RECOMBINATION; BERYLLIUM; LITHIUM; MODEL; ALLOY AB In this article, we explore some of the safety issues associated with two advanced ferritic steel (AFS) molten salt blanket designs from the Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) design study [M.A. Abdou, The APEX Team, On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology, Fus. Eng. Des. 54 (2000) 181]. In particular, we examine radiological inventories, decay heat, waste disposal ratings, and toxic chemical inventories of these design concepts. In addition, we predict the thermal response of these blanket designs during accident conditions, and the mobilization of the radiological inventories and site boundary dose from the release of this mobilized material during a worst-case continement-boundary-bypass accident. The molten salts being proposed for these blanket concepts are Flibe and Flinabe, and the structural material is a nano-composite strengthened ferritic steel alloy called 12YWT. The estimated dose at the site boundary is less than the no-evacuation limit of 10 mSv for a ground level release during conservative weather conditions if plant isolation occurs within 5 days. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 INEEL Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Fus Nucl Technol Consulting, D-76351 Linkenheim, Germany. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Merrill, BJ (reprint author), INEEL Fus Safety Program, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bdm@inel.gov RI Cadwallader, Lee/F-6933-2014 NR 62 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 277 EP 306 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.010 PG 30 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500015 ER PT J AU Sviatoslavskya, IN Sawan, ME Mogahed, EA Majumdar, S Mattas, R Malang, S Fogarty, PJ Friend, M Wong, CPC Sharafat, S AF Sviatoslavskya, IN Sawan, ME Mogahed, EA Majumdar, S Mattas, R Malang, S Fogarty, PJ Friend, M Wong, CPC Sharafat, S TI Engineering and geometric aspects of the solid wall re-circulating fluid blanket based on advanced ferritic steel SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE solid wall; APEX; geometry; materials; stress analysis; fabrication; fluid circuits ID STAINLESS-STEELS; COMPATIBILITY; BERYLLIUM; LEAD; CORROSION; CERAMICS AB The Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) project has been exploring concepts for power producing blankets that can enhance the potential of fusion energy. The pursued concepts cover both liquid and solid wall designs. The solid wall blanket branch of the project has been concentrating on the use of nano-composited ferritic (NCF) steel structure coupled with Flibe (Li2BeF4) coolant. The present blanket is a solid wall design with an innovative coolant scheme, which allows part of the coolant to be re-circulated in order to enhance the outlet temperature, and thus improve the power cycle efficiency. The structure is 12YWT, an oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel, which has a maximum operating temperature of 800 degreesC and a compatibility with Flibe up to 700 degreesC. Several methods for fabricating the complex geometry of the first wall (FW) and blanket are presented. Preliminary coolant routing is proposed with solutions offered for minimizing heat losses and simplifying assembly and maintenance. Even though this blanket is somewhat complicated, its forward looking aims, that of maximizing nuclear performance to achieve a high thermal conversion efficiency, are well worth striving for. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53603 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fus Nucl Technol Consulting, D-76351 Linkenheim, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Sviatoslavskya, IN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53603 USA. EM igor@engr.wisc.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 307 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.008 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 871OH UT WOS:000225142500016 ER PT J AU Raffray, AR El-Guebaly, L Federici, G Haynes, D Najmabadi, F Petti, D AF Raffray, AR El-Guebaly, L Federici, G Haynes, D Najmabadi, F Petti, D CA ARIES-IFE Team TI Dry-wall survival under IFE conditions SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inertial fusion energy; dry chamber wall; photon and ion energy deposition ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; SPUTTERING YIELD; THERMAL RESPONSE; HEAVY-ION; FUSION; TARGET; ENERGY; TRANSIENTS; BEHAVIOR; RACLETTE AB The chamber wall armor is subject to demanding conditions in inertial fusion energy (IFE) chambers. IFE operation is cyclic in nature, and key issues are (a) chamber evacuation to ensure that after each shot the chamber returns to a quiescent state in preparation for the target injection and the firing of the driver for the subsequent shot and (b) armor lifetime that requires that the armor accommodate the cyclic energy deposition while providing the required lifetime. Armor erosion would impact both of these requirements. Tungsten and carbon are considered as armor for IFE dry-wall chambers based on their high-temperature and high-heat-flux accommodation capabilities. This paper assesses the requirements on armor imposed by the operating conditions in IFE, including energy deposition density, time of deposition, and frequencies; describes their impact on the performance of the candidate armor materials; and discusses the major issues. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Fus Technol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. ITER, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. INEEL, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Raffray, AR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 458 EBU-2, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM raffray@fusion.ucsd.edu NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 3 BP 417 EP 437 PG 21 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870PJ UT WOS:000225069900003 ER PT J AU Raffray, AR Abdel-Khalik, SI Haynes, D Najmabadi, F Sharpe, P Yoda, M Zaghloul, M AF Raffray, AR Abdel-Khalik, SI Haynes, D Najmabadi, F Sharpe, P Yoda, M Zaghloul, M CA ARIES-IFE Team TI Thermo fluid dynamics and chamber aerosol behavior for thin liquid wall under IFE cyclic operation SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inertial fusion energy; wetted wall; ablation mechanisms ID MOLTEN-SALT; FUSION; DESIGN; CONDENSATION; EVAPORATION; SURFACE; FILMS AB A thin-liquid-wall configuration combines the attractive features of a solid wall with the advantages of a renewable armor to accommodate the threat spectra produced by inertial fusion energy targets. Key design issues for successful implementation of the thin-liquid-film wall protection schemes are the reestablishment of the thin liquid armor and the state of the chamber environment prior to each shot relative to the requirements imposed by the driver and target thermal and injection control. Experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to examine the fluid dynamic aspects of thin-liquid-film protection systems with either radial injection through a porous first wall or forced flow of a thin liquid film tangential to a solid first wall. Analyses were also conducted to help assess and understand key processes influencing the chamber environment, including ablation mechanisms that could lead to aerosol formation and the behavior of such aerosol in the chamber. Results from these studies are described in this paper. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Fus Technol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, EBU-II,Room 460, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM raffray@fusion.ucsd.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 EI 1943-7641 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 3 BP 438 EP 450 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870PJ UT WOS:000225069900004 ER PT J AU Rose, DV Welch, DR Olson, CL Yu, SS Neff, S Sharp, WM AF Rose, DV Welch, DR Olson, CL Yu, SS Neff, S Sharp, WM CA ARIES-IFE Team TI Impact of beam transport method on chamber and driver design for heavy ion inertial fusion energy SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heavy ion fusion; ion beam transport; reactor chamber design ID SELF-PINCHED TRANSPORT; PLASMA-CHANNEL; POWER-PLANT; DISTRIBUTED RADIATOR; DISCHARGE CHANNELS; TARGET CHAMBER; FINAL FOCUS; GAS; IFE; DENSITY AB In heavy ion inertial fusion energy systems, intense beams of ions must be transported from the exit of the final focus magnet system through the target chamber to hit millimeter spot sizes on the target. In this paper, three different modes of beam propagation are examined: neutralized ballistic transport, assisted pinched transport, and self-pinched transport. The status of the authors' understanding of these three modes is summarized, and the constraints imposed by beam propagation upon the chamber environment, as well as their compatibility with various chamber and target concepts, are considered. It is concluded that on the basis of the present understanding, there is a reasonable range of parameter space where beams can propagate in thick-liquid-wall, wetted-wall, and dry-wall chambers. C1 Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Rose, DV (reprint author), Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. EM drose@mrcabq.com NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 3 BP 470 EP 493 PG 24 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870PJ UT WOS:000225069900006 ER PT J AU Ovcharenko, I Stubbs, L Loots, GG AF Ovcharenko, I Stubbs, L Loots, GG TI Interpreting mammalian evolution using Fugu genome comparisons SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCER; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; TOOL; GENE; BROWSER; CLUSTER; REGION AB Recently, it has been shown that a significant number of evolutionarily conserved human-Fugu noncoding elements function as tissue-specific transcriptional enhancers in vivo, suggesting that distant comparisons are capable of identifying a particular class of regulatory elements. We therefore hypothesized that by juxtaposing human/Fugu and human/mouse conservation patterns we can define conservation criteria for discovering transcriptional regulatory elements specific to mammals. Genome-scale comparisons of noncoding human/Fugu evolutionary conserved elements (ECRs) and their humans/mouse counterparts revealed a particular signature common to human/mouse ECRs (greater than or equal to350 bp long, greater than or equal to77% identity) that are also conserved in fishes. This newly defined threshold identifies 90% of all human/Fugu noncoding ECRs without the assistance of human-Fugu genome alignments and provides a very efficient filter for identifying functional human/mouse ECRs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ovcharenko, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, 7000 E Ave,L-441, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ovcharenko1@llnl.gov; loots1@llnl.gov OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 19 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD NOV PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 890 EP 895 DI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.07.011 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 865TD UT WOS:000224724900013 PM 15475268 ER PT J AU Doyle, CS Kendelewicz, T Bostick, BC Brown, GE AF Doyle, CS Kendelewicz, T Bostick, BC Brown, GE TI Soft X-ray spectroscopic studies of the reaction of fractured pyrite surfaces with Cr(Vl)-containing aqueous solutions SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SULFUR-RICH LAYER; OXYGEN K-EDGE; SULFIDE MINERAL SURFACES; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTRA; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATIVE DISSOLUTION; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; FE(III) IONS; IRON-OXIDES AB We have used synchrotron-based soft X-ray core-level photoemission and adsorption spectroscopies to study the reaction of aqueous sodium chromate solutions with freshly fractured pyrite surfaces. Pyrite surfaces were reacted with 50 muM sodium chromate solution at pH 7 for reaction times between 1 min and 37 hr. Additional experiments were performed at pH 2 and pH 4 with 50 muM sodium chromate solutions and at pH 7 with 5 mM solutions. At chromate concentrations of 50 muM, all chromium present on the pyrite surface was in the form of Cr(III), while at 5 mM, both Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were present at the pyrite surface. Minor quantities of oxidized sulfur species (sulfate, sulfite, and zero-valent sulfur) were identified as reaction products on the pyrite surface. The amount of oxidized sulfur species observed on the surface was greater when pyrite was reacted with 5 mM Cr(VI) solutions because the rate of chromium deposition exceeded the rate of dissolution of pyrite oxidation products, effectively trapping Cr(VI) and oxidized sulfur species in an overlayer of iron(III)-containing Cr(III)-hydroxide. This work shows that pyrite, an extremely cheap and readily available waste material, may be suitable for the removal of hexavalent chromium from acidic to circumneutral waste streams. The reduced chromium ultimately forms a coating on the pyrite surface, which passivates the pyrite surface towards further oxidation. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Doyle, CS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM cdoyle@pangea.stanford.edu NR 81 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 68 IS 21 BP 4287 EP 4299 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.02.015 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 865JH UT WOS:000224698000001 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW Datta-Gupta, A Behrens, R Condon, P Rickett, J AF Vasco, DW Datta-Gupta, A Behrens, R Condon, P Rickett, J TI Seismic imaging of reservoir flow properties: Time-lapse amplitude changes SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RECOVERY PROCESS; SATURATION; PRESSURE; TOMOGRAPHY; SIMULATION; MEXICO AB Asymptotic methods provide an efficient means by which to infer reservoir flow properties, such as permeability from time-lapse seismic data. A trajectory-based methodology, similar to ray-based methods for medical and seismic imaging, is the basis for an iterative inversion of time-lapse amplitude changes. In this approach, a single reservoir simulation is required for each iteration of the algorithm. A comparison between purely numerical and the trajectory-based sensitivities demonstrates their accuracy. Analysis of a set of synthetic amplitude changes indicates that we are able to recover large-scale reservoir permeability variations from time-lapse amplitude data. In an application to actual time-lapse amplitude changes from the Bay Marchand field in the Gulf of Mexico we are able to reduce the misfit by 81% in 12 iterations. The time-lapse observations indicate lower permeabilities are required in the central portion of the reservoir. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Petr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Chevron Texaco Petr Technol Co, San Ramon, CA 94503 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dwvasco@lbl.gov; datta-gupta@spindletop.tamu.edu; rbeh@TengizChevroil.com; Pat.Condon@chevrontexaco.com; JamesRickett@chevrontexaco.com RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 52 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 BP 1425 EP 1442 DI 10.1190/1.1707071 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 881GL UT WOS:000225851300007 ER PT J AU Flach, GP Crisman, SA Molz, FJ AF Flach, GP Crisman, SA Molz, FJ TI Comparison of single-domain and dual-domain subsurface transport models SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID MASS-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIA; HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFER; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; MACRODISPERSION EXPERIMENT; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PARAMETER VALUES; DISPERSION; FLOW AB Subgrid modeling of some type is typically used to account for heterogeneity at scales below the grid scale. The single-domain model (SDM), employing field-scale dispersion, and the dual-domain model (DDM), employing local hydrodynamic dispersion and exchange between domains having large hydraulic conductivity contrasts, are well-known examples. In this paper, the two modeling approaches are applied to tritium migration from the H-area seepage basins to a nearby stream-Fourmile Branch-at the Savannah River Site. This location has been monitored since 1955, so an extensive dataset exists for formulating realistic simulations and comparing the results to data. It is concluded that the main parameters of both models are scale-dependent, and methods are discussed for making initial estimates of the DDM parameters, which include mobile/immobile porosities and the mass exchange coefficient. Both models were calibrated to produce the best fit to recorded tritium data. When various attributes of the dataset were considered, including cumulative tritium activity discharged to Fourmile Branch, plume arrival time, and plume attenuation due to closure of the seepage basins in 1988, the DDM produced results superior to the SDM, while causing no unrealistic upgradient dispersion. A sensitivity analysis showed that only the DDM was able to accurately produce both the instantaneous activity discharge and cumulative activity with a single parameter set. This is thought to be due to the advection-dominated nature of transport in natural porous media and the more realistic treatment of this type of transport in the DDM relative to the SDM. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. RP Flach, GP (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Bldg 773-42A,Room 211,Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM gregory.flach@srs.gov; sacrism@clemson.edu; fredi@clemson.edu NR 58 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 42 IS 6 BP 815 EP 828 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 867OC UT WOS:000224850900006 PM 15584296 ER PT J AU Davis, SN Fabryka-Martin, JT Wolfsberg, LE AF Davis, SN Fabryka-Martin, JT Wolfsberg, LE TI Variations of bromide in potable ground water in the United States SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID SEA-SALT; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; METHYL-BROMIDE; AEROSOL; GEOCHEMISTRY; EMISSIONS; CHLORIDE; RATIOS; CL-36 AB Concentrations of bromide in potable ground water that has < 10 mg/L chloride range from 0.0032 to 0.058 mg/L with a median value of 0.0 16 mg/L. The chloride/bromide mass ratio for the same water ranges from 43 to 285 with a median value of 101. The ratios, which resulted from screening similar to165 analyses of water from 32 locations in 24 states in the United States, show a distinct geographic variation with highest values near the coast and trending toward a value of similar to50 in the continental interior. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Isotope & Nucl Chem Grp, C INC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Davis, SN (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sndavis@u.arizona.edu NR 64 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 42 IS 6 BP 902 EP 909 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 867OC UT WOS:000224850900013 PM 15584303 ER PT J AU Potter, CA AF Potter, CA TI Internal dosimetry - A review SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE historical profiles; Health Physics Society; dosimetry, internal; dose assessment ID DISSOLUTION; PROBABILITIES; ABSORPTION; SURFACES; EMITTERS; BIOASSAY; INVITRO; RADIUM; MODELS; TRACT AB The field history and current status of internal dosimetry is reviewed in this article. Elements of the field that are reviewed include standards and models, derivation of dose coefficients and intake retention fractions, bioassay measurements, and intake and dose calculations. In addition, guidance is developed and provided as to the necessity of internal dosimetry for a particular facility or operation and methodology for implementing a program. A discussion of the purposes of internal dosimetry is included as well as recommendations for future development and direction. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Potter, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS0651, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM capotte@sandia.gov NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 87 IS 5 BP 455 EP 468 DI 10.1097/00004032-200411000-00002 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 865JE UT WOS:000224697700002 PM 15551784 ER PT J AU Cheng, JJ Kassas, B Yu, C Arnish, J LePoire, D Chen, SY Williams, WA Wallo, A Peterson, H AF Cheng, JJ Kassas, B Yu, C Arnish, J LePoire, D Chen, SY Williams, WA Wallo, A Peterson, H TI RESRAD-RECYCLE: A computer model for analyzing radiation exposures resulting from recycling radioactively contaminated scrap metals or reusing radioactively surface-contaminated materials and equipment SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE computer calculations; recycling; dose assessment; contamination AB RESRAD-RECYCLE is a computer code designed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to be used in making decisions about the disposition of radioactively contaminated materials and scrap metals. It implements a pathway analysis methodology to evaluate potential radiation exposures resulting from the recycling of contaminated scrap metals and the reuse of surface-contaminated materials and equipment. For modeling purposes, it divides the entire metal recycling process into six steps: (1) scrap delivery, (2) scrap melting, (3) ingot delivery, (4) product fabrication, (5) product distribution, and (6) use of finished product. RESRAD-RECYCLE considers the reuse of surface-contaminated materials in their original forms. It contains representative exposure scenarios for each recycling step and the reuse process; users can also specify scenarios if desired. The model calculates individual and collective population doses for workers involved in the recycling process and for the public using the finished products. The results are then used to derive clearance levels for the contaminated materials on the basis of input dose restrictions. The model accounts for radiological decay and ingrowth, dilution and partitioning during melting, and distribution of refined metal in the various finished products, as well as the varying densities and geometries of the radiation sources during the recycling process. A complete material balance in terms of mass and radioactivity during the recycling process can also be implemented. In an international validation study, the radiation doses calculated by RESRAD-RECYCLE were shown to agree fairly well with actual measurement data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Phys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Cheng, JJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jcheng@anl.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 87 IS 5 BP 517 EP 531 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000133367.21270.3e PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 865JE UT WOS:000224697700008 PM 15551790 ER PT J AU Reciniello, R AF Reciniello, R TI Assessment of occupational exposure due to external sources of radiation - IAEA safety guide RS-G-13 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Book Review C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Reciniello, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 490,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM reciniello@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 87 IS 5 BP 545 EP 546 DI 10.1097/00004032-200411000-00012 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 865JE UT WOS:000224697700012 ER PT J AU Attwood, DT Heztz, HM Midorikawa, K Obara, M AF Attwood, DT Heztz, HM Midorikawa, K Obara, M TI Introduction to the issue on short wavelength and EUV lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Xray Opt, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol Albanova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Laser Technol Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Keio Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. RP Attwood, DT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Xray Opt, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Midorikawa, Katsumi/B-6335-2015 OI Midorikawa, Katsumi/0000-0002-0588-519X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1241 EP 1243 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.838309 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 897DS UT WOS:000226984800001 ER PT J AU Larotonda, MA Luther, BM Wang, Y Liu, Y Alessi, D Berrill, M Dummer, A Brizuela, F Menoni, CS Marconi, MC Shlyaptsev, VN Dunn, J Rocca, JJ AF Larotonda, MA Luther, BM Wang, Y Liu, Y Alessi, D Berrill, M Dummer, A Brizuela, F Menoni, CS Marconi, MC Shlyaptsev, VN Dunn, J Rocca, JJ TI Characteristics of a saturated 18.9-nm tabletop laser operating at 5-Hz repetition rate SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE grazing incidence pumping; high-repetition rate; nickel-like Mo; X-ray laser ID X-RAY LASERS; TRANSIENT AB We report the characteristics of a saturated high-repetition rate Ni-like Mo laser at 18.9 nm. This table-top soft X-ray laser was pumped at a 5-Hz repetition rate by 8-ps 1-J optical laser pulses impinging at grazing incidence into a precreated Mo plasma. The variation of the laser output intensity as a function of the grazing incidence angle of the main pump beam is reported. The maximum laser output intensity was observed for an angle of 20degrees, at which we measured a small signal gain of 65 cm(-1) and a gain-length product g x l > 15. Spatial coherence measurements resulting from a Young's double-slit interference experiment show the equivalent incoherent source diameter is about 11 mum. The peak spectral brightness is estimated to be of the order of 1 x 10(24) photons s(-1) mm(-2) mrad(-2) within 0.01% spectral bandwidth. This type of practical, small scale, high-repetition soft X-ray laser is of interest for many applications. C1 Colorado State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Techno, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Techno, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis Livermore, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Larotonda, MA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Techno, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mlaroton@engr.colostate.edu; bm1@lamar.colostate.edu; yong@engr.colostate.edu; rocca@engr.colostate.edu RI Menoni, Carmen/A-3775-2008; Menoni, Carmen/B-4989-2011; OI Berrill, Mark/0000-0002-4525-3939 NR 17 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1363 EP 1367 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.838038 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 897DS UT WOS:000226984800015 ER PT J AU Rosfjord, KM Liu, YW Attwood, DT AF Rosfjord, KM Liu, YW Attwood, DT TI Tunable coherent soft X-rays SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE coherence; harmonic; soft X-rays; undulator ID SPATIAL COHERENCE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; WAVELENGTH AB A new, tunable, spatially and spectrally coherent soft X-ray undulator branchline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) is under operation. Using the third harmonic from an 8-cm period undulator, this branch delivers coherent soft X-rays with photon energies ranging from 200 to 1000 eV. Here, the beamline layout and characterization are presented. The characterization includes measurements of available coherent photon flux as well as a series of double-pinhole experiments to measure spatial coherence in the focal plane. C1 MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rosfjord, KM (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. EM rosfjord@ll.mit.edu; ywliu@grace.lbl.gov; attwood@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1405 EP 1413 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.838036 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 897DS UT WOS:000226984800021 ER PT J AU Swann, BK Blalock, BJ Clonts, LG Binkley, DM Rochelle, JM Breeding, E Baldwin, KM AF Swann, BK Blalock, BJ Clonts, LG Binkley, DM Rochelle, JM Breeding, E Baldwin, KM TI A 100-ps time-resolution CMOS time-to-digital converter for positron emission tomography imaging applications SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS LA English DT Article DE analog-to-digital converter (ADC); CMOS; comparators; offset correction; positron emission tomography (PET); sub-nanosecond timing; time-to-amplitude converter (TAC); time-to-digital converter (TDC) ID A/D CONVERTER; CIRCUIT; DESIGN; SPEED AB An integrated CMOS subnanosecond time-to-digital converter (TDC) has been developed and evaluated for positron emission tomography (PET) front-end applications. The TDC architecture combines an accurate digital counter and an analog time interpolation circuit to make the time interval measurement. The dynamic range of the TDC is programmable and can be easily extended without any timing resolution degradation. The converter was designed to operate over a reference clock frequency range of 62.5 MHz up to 100 MHz and can have a bin size as small as 312.5 ps LSB with 100-ns conversion times. Measurements indicate the TDC achieves a DNL of under +/-0.20 LSB and INL less than +/-0.30 LSB with an rms timing resolution of 0.312 LSB (97.5 ps), very close to the theoretical limit of 0.289 LSB (90 ps). The design is believed to be the first fully integrated CMOS subnanosecond TDC used in PET medical imaging and the first realization of a CMOS TDC that achieves an rms timing resolution below 100 ps within a 100-ns conversion time. C1 Concorde Microsyst Inc, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CPS Innovat, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Swann, BK (reprint author), Concorde Microsyst Inc, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM swann@cms-asic.com; clontslg@oml.gov; Eric.Breeding@cpspet.com NR 19 TC 69 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9200 J9 IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC JI IEEE J. Solid-State Circuit PD NOV PY 2004 VL 39 IS 11 BP 1839 EP 1852 DI 10.1109/JSC.2004.835832 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 865HD UT WOS:000224692400005 ER PT J AU Bishop, M Frincke, D AF Bishop, M Frincke, D TI Academic degrees and professional certification SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Comp Secur Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bishop, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bishop@cs.ucdcivis.edu; deboroh.frincke@pni.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 2 IS 6 BP 56 EP 58 DI 10.1109/MSP.2004.91 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 907LE UT WOS:000227718800010 ER PT J AU Yoo, TS Lafortune, S AF Yoo, TS Lafortune, S TI Decentralized supervisory control with conditional decisions: Supervisor existence SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE conditional decision; decentralized supervisory control; discrete-event systems ID DISCRETE-EVENT SYSTEMS AB Most of the results on decentralized supervisory control are based on supervisors that make unconditional decisions: "enable" and "disable." In this paper, we introduce and study the properties of decentralized supervisory control architectures where supervisors are allowed to make conditional decisions in addition to unconditional decisions. The conditional decisions we consider are of the form: "enable if nobody disables" and "disable if nobody enables." We characterize the notion of conditional coobservability that appears in the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of supervisors in the context of such control architectures. This condition relaxes the previous notions of coobservability for unconditional architectures. The key properties of conditional coobservability are studied. We develop a polynomial-time algorithm for verifying the notion of conditional coobservability. A polynomial-time method of partitioning the controllable events between "enable by default" and "disable by default" is presented. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Yoo, TS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. EM tyoo@anlw.anl.gov; stephane@eecs.umich.edu NR 28 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD NOV PY 2004 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1886 EP 1904 DI 10.1109/TAC.2004.837595 PG 19 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 870VI UT WOS:000225086400001 ER PT J AU Gilbert, TL AF Gilbert, TL TI A phenomenological theory of damping in ferromagnetic materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ferromagnetic damping; ferromagnetic materials; magnetic core memories; magnetic domains; magnetic losses; magnetic recording; magnetization processes ID MAGNETIZATION; RESONANCE; MOTION AB In 1955, a phenomenological theory of ferromagnetism was well established and had been corroborated by a considerable amount of experimental data. However, there were problems in the phenomenological theory of the dynamics of the magnetization field. The Landau-Lifshitz equation for damping of the motion of the magnetization field could not account for the large noneddy-current damping in thin Permalloy sheets. The problem undertaken herein is a reformulation of the theory in a way that is more consistent with the theory of damping in other physical systems in order to be able to take large damping into account. C1 Armour Res Fdn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gilbert, TL (reprint author), IIT, Res Inst, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM WiniTom@winitom.cnc.net NR 32 TC 754 Z9 761 U1 14 U2 121 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 40 IS 6 BP 3443 EP 3449 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2004.836740 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 870JO UT WOS:000225053600005 ER PT J AU Yue, M Schlueter, R AF Yue, M Schlueter, R TI Bifurcation subsystem and its application in power system analysis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE bifurcation subsystem method; center manifold; dynamics; Hopf bifurcation; saddle-node bifurcation ID DYNAMIC-MODEL AB The paper extends the concept of a bifurcation subsystem that experiences, produces, and causes the bifurcation in the full system model, and systematically describes a bifurcation subsystem method. The motivation for finding a bifurcation subsystem and its advantages over model reduction, slaving, and finding the center manifold dynamics are discussed. By using the theoretical results of the persistence on saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation of a full system model with both fast and slow singularly perturbed dynamics, a more precise definition of what constitutes a bifurcation subsystem for both saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation is given. Persistence of the center manifold for the reduced models of singularly perturbed fast and slow external dynamics thus is shown. These results are then used to show that the center manifold of the saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation lies in the bifurcation subsystem or is contained within the bifurcation subsystem if additional conditions are satisfied. The test conditions for the existence of a bifurcation subsystem are: 1) quickly reviewed and 2) then applied to compute a saddle-node and a Hopf bifurcation subsystem for a multiple machine differential algebraic example system. The results computationally validate the bifurcation subsystem method. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Yue, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yuemeng@bnl.gov; schluete@egr.msu.edu NR 19 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1885 EP 1893 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.836247 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 867NN UT WOS:000224849400021 ER PT J AU Gregorski, B Senecal, J Duchaineau, MA Joy, KI AF Gregorski, B Senecal, J Duchaineau, MA Joy, KI TI Adaptive extraction of time-varying isosurfaces SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE isosurfaces; multiresolution techniques; large isosurface visualization; time-varying isosurfaces; time-varying visualization; out-of-core visualization AB We present an algorithm for adaptively extracting and rendering isosurfaces from compressed time-varying volume data sets. Tetrahedral meshes defined by longest edge bisection are used to create a multiresolution representation of the volume in the spatial domain that is adapted overtime to approximate the time-varying volume. The reextraction of the isosurface at each time step is accelerated with the vertex programming capabilities of modern graphics hardware. A data layout scheme which follows the access pattern indicated by mesh refinement is used to access the volume in a spatially and temporally coherent manner. This data layout scheme allows our algorithm to be used for out-of-core visualization. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Computing, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gregorski1@llnl.gov; senecal1@llnl.gov; duchaine@llnl.gov; kijoy@ucdavis.edu NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 683 EP 694 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2004.35 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 860EG UT WOS:000224324700007 PM 15527050 ER PT J AU Cook, R Max, N Silva, CT Williams, PL AF Cook, R Max, N Silva, CT Williams, PL TI Image-space visibility ordering for cell projection volume rendering of unstructured data SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE volume rendering; visibility ordering; unstructured mesh ID GRIDS AB Projection methods for volume rendering unstructured data work by projecting, in visibility order, the polyhedral cells of the mesh onto the image plane, and incrementally compositing each cell's color and opacity into the final image. Normally, such methods require an algorithm to determine a visibility order of the cells. The Meshed Polyhedra Visibility Order (MPVO) algorithm can provide such an order for convex meshes by considering the implications of local ordering relations between cells sharing a common face. However, in nonconvex meshes, one must also consider ordering relations along viewing rays which cross empty space between cells. In order to include these relations, the algorithm described in this paper, the scanning exact meshed polyhedra visibility ordering (SXMPVO) algorithm, scan-converts the exterior faces of the mesh and saves the ray-face intersections in an A-Buffer data structure which is then used for retrieving the extra ordering relations. The image which SXMPVO produces is the same as would be produced by ordering the cells exactly, even though SXMPVO does not compute an exact visibility ordering. This is because the image resolution used for computing the visibility ordering relations is the same as that which is used for the actual volume rendering and we choose our A-Buffer rays at the same sample points that are used to establish a polygon's pixel coverage during hardware scan conversion. Thus, the algorithm is image-space correct. The SXMPVO algorithm has several desirable features; among them are speed, simplicity of implementation, and no extra (i.e., with respect to MPVO) preprocessing. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Utah, Sch Comp, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rcook@llnl.gov; csilva@cs.utah.edu NR 32 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6 BP 695 EP 707 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2004.45 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 860EG UT WOS:000224324700008 PM 15527051 ER PT J AU Conradson, SD Manara, D Wastin, F Clark, DL Lander, GH Morales, LA Rebizant, J Rondinella, VV AF Conradson, SD Manara, D Wastin, F Clark, DL Lander, GH Morales, LA Rebizant, J Rondinella, VV TI Local structure and charge distribution in the UO2-U4O9 system SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CUBOCTAHEDRAL OXYGEN CLUSTERS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; ANION CLUSTERS; OXIDES; SPECIATION; SPECTRA; U4O9; ACTINIDES AB Analysis of X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of UO2+x for x = 0-0.20 (UO2-U4O9) reveals that the adventitious 0 atoms are incorporated as oxo groups with U-O distances of 1.74 A, most likely associated with U(VI), that occur in clusters so that the UO2 fraction of the material largely remains intact. In addition to the formation of some additional longer U-O bonds, the U sublattice consists of an ordered portion that displays the original U-U distance and a spectroscopically silent, glassy part. This is very different from previous models derived from neutron diffraction that maintained long U-O distances and high U-O coordination numbers. UO2+x also differs from PuO2+x in its substantially shorter An-oxo distances and no sign of stable coordination with H2O and its hydrolysis products. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. JRC, Inst Transuranium, European Commiss, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Conradson, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM conradson@lanl.gov RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Manara, Dario/L-4821-2013 NR 44 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 22 BP 6922 EP 6935 DI 10.1021/ic049748z PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 866SH UT WOS:000224792900017 PM 15500330 ER PT J AU Tang, YJ Felix, AM Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA AF Tang, YJ Felix, AM Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA TI Syntheses and structural characterization of a monomeric tin(II) diamide and a novel chlorotin(II) amide trimer SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DERIVATIVES; COMPLEXES; SN AB We have found that addition of a 2:1 ratio of the bulky ligand Li[N(mesityl)(SiMe3)] to SnCl2 yields Sn[N(mesityl)-(SiMe3)](2), which is found by X-ray crystallography to be monomeric in the solid state. Interestingly, the solid state structure of the stannylene exhibits a "minipocket" caused by the parallel arrangement of the phenyl rings. A 1:1 ratio of ligand to SnCl2 affords the new chlorotin amide {Sn(mu-Cl)[N(mesityl)(SiMe3)]}(3), which adopts a unique trimeric structure in the solid state. The chairlike (Sn-Cl)(3) backbone shown here has not been seen previously in Sn-halide chemistry. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Kemp, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rakemp@unm.edu NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 22 BP 7239 EP 7242 DI 10.1021/ic049154w PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 866SH UT WOS:000224792900051 PM 15500364 ER PT J AU Manson, JL Schlueter, JA AF Manson, JL Schlueter, JA TI Crystal structure and linear chain antiferromagnetism in Mn(tricyanomethanide)(2)(4,4 '-bipyridine)(2) SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE tricyanomethanide ligand; 4,4 '-bipyridine ligand; coordination polymer; crystal structure ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; MOLECULE-BASED MAGNET; COORDINATION POLYMERS; DICYANAMIDE ANION; BRIDGING LIGAND; CO-II; NI-II; TRICYANOMETHANIDE; SPIN; MAGNETIZATION AB A new linear chain antiferromagnet, namely Mn(tcm)(2)(4,4'-bipy)(2) (tcm = tricyanomethanide and bipy = bipyridine) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Each Mn2+ is high-spin S = 5/2 and linked to nearest-neighbor spin sites via mu-bridged tcm ligands to form a I D linear chain while the bipy ligands are monodentate and segregate the chains. Magnetically, a broad maximum in chi'(T) is observed at 2.1 K and likely signifies short-range magnetic order within the chains. A least-squares fit of the chi(T)(T) data to a classical-spin Fisher chain model yielded good agreement for g = 2.008(1) and J = -0.217(4) K. No long-range magnetic ordering is observed above 1.6 K due to the presence of very weak interchain magnetic interactions as indicated by inclusion of a mean-field model that gave zJ' = -0.009(1) K. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. RP Schlueter, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 200,Rm A185, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jmanson@ewu.edu; JASchlueter@anl.gov NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 357 IS 13 BP 3975 EP 3979 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2004.06.001 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 874QW UT WOS:000225365900022 ER PT J AU Firestone, MA Rickert, PG Seifert, S Dietz, ML AF Firestone, MA Rickert, PG Seifert, S Dietz, ML TI Anion effects on ionogel formation in N,N '-dialkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE ionic liquid; ionogel; anion effects; mesoscopic structure; SAXS ID MESOPOROUS SILICA; COMPLEX FLUID; PHASE; SALTS; WATER; GEL; TRANSFORMATIONS; TRANSITION; TEMPLATES; COPOLYMER AB Addition of an appropriate concentration of water to either 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide or its nitrate analog is shown to trigger the self-assembly of the ionic liquid (IL) and the concomitant formation of gel ("ionogel") phases adopting a rich variety of structural motifs. Infrared and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicate that water addition disrupts hydrogen bonding between the imidazolium ring and the IL anion, and that gelation involves the partial replacement of these bonds with H-bonds between the anion and water. Using small angle X-ray scattering, the relationship of the water content and the nature of the IL anion to the mesoscopic structure of the ionogels has been determined. Of particular note is the observation that by adjustment of the ionogel composition (water content or anion), near-monodomain materials can be formed with either lamellar, 2-D hexagonal or 3-D cubic structures with tunable lattice dimensions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM firestone@anl.gov NR 43 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 3 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 357 IS 13 BP 3991 EP 3998 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2004.06.042 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 874QW UT WOS:000225365900024 ER PT J AU O Conaire, M Curran, HJ Simmie, JM Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK AF O Conaire, M Curran, HJ Simmie, JM Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK TI A comprehensive modeling study of hydrogen oxidation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-TUBE MEASUREMENTS; EVALUATED KINETIC DATA; RATE CONSTANTS; RATE COEFFICIENT; BURNING VELOCITIES; HYDROXYL RADICALS; INDUCTION TIMES; OXYGEN KINETICS; FLOW REACTOR; AIR MIXTURES AB A detailed kinetic mechanism has been developed to simulate the combustion of H-2/O-2 mixtures, over a wide range of temperatures, pressures, and equivalence ratios. Over the series of experiments numerically investigated, the temperature ranged from 298 to 2700 K, the pressure from 0.05 to 87 atm, and the equivalence ratios from 0.2 to 6. Ignition delay times, name speeds, and species composition data provide for a stringent test of the chemical kinetic mechanism, all of which are simulated in the current study with varying success. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine which reactions were dominating the H-2/O-2 system at particular conditions of pressure, temperature, and fuel/oxygen/diluent ratios. overall, good agreement was observed between the model and the wide range of experiments simulated. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Galway, Ireland. Natl Univ Ireland, Galway, Ireland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Curran, HJ (reprint author), Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Galway, Ireland. EM henry.curran@nuigalway.ie OI Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562 NR 95 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 6 U2 44 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 36 IS 11 BP 603 EP 622 DI 10.1002/kin.20036 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 862NB UT WOS:000224496500005 ER PT J AU Xiong, HB Zheng, LL Sampath, S Williamson, RL Fincke, JR AF Xiong, HB Zheng, LL Sampath, S Williamson, RL Fincke, JR TI Three-dimensional simulation of plasma spray: effects of carrier gas flow and particle injection on plasma jet and entrained particle behavior SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE three-dimensional simulation; plasma spray; jet; carrier gas flow; particle injection ID THERMAL PLASMA; RESOLIDIFICATION; EVAPORATION AB As important phenomena in plasma spray, the plasma jet perturbation by the carrier gas flow and particles loading, and their effects on particle behavior are investigated. A three-dimensional computational model was developed to describe the plasma jet coupled with the orthogonal injection of carrier gas and particles. This model considered in-flight particle physical phenomena such as accelerating, heating, melting, and evaporation. The effects of carrier gas flow rates on the characteristics of plasma jet and particle spray pattern are simulated. The simulation results compare well with experimental data, for two common particle materials, NiCrAlY and ZrO2. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Xiong, HB (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM hxiong@ic.sunysb.edu OI Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 NR 20 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 47 IS 24 BP 5189 EP 5200 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.07.005 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 861WX UT WOS:000224450400003 ER PT J AU Warren, TL Hanchak, SJ Poormon, KL AF Warren, TL Hanchak, SJ Poormon, KL TI Penetration of limestone targets by ogive-nosed VAR 4340 steel projectiles at oblique angles: experiments and simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONCRETE TARGETS; ALUMINUM TARGETS; STRENGTH; IMPACT AB In this paper, we document the results of a combined experimental, analytical, and computational research program that investigates the penetration of steel projectiles into limestone targets at oblique angles. We first conducted a series of depth-of-penetration experiments using 20.0g, 7.11-mm-diameter, 71.12-mm-long, vacuum-arc-remelted (VAR) 4340 ogive-nose steel projectiles. These projectiles were launched with striking velocities between 0.4 and 1.3km/s using a 20-mm powder gun into 0.5m square limestone target faces with angles of obliquity of 15degrees and 30degrees. Next, we employed the initial conditions obtained from the experiments with a technique that we have developed to calculate permanent projectile deformation without erosion. With this technique we use an explicit, transient dynamic, finite element code to model the projectile and an analytical forcing function based on the dynamic expansion of a spherical cavity to represent the target. Due to angle of obliquity we developed a new free surface effect model based on the solution of a dynamically expanding spherical cavity in a finite sphere of incompressible Mohr-Coulomb target material to account for the difference in target resistance acting on the top and bottom sides of the projectile. Results from the simulations show the final projectile positions are in good agreement with the positions obtained from post-test castings of the projectile trajectories. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Warren, TL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tlwarren@sandia.gov NR 41 TC 19 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X EI 1879-3509 J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1307 EP 1331 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2003.09.047 PG 25 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 858GW UT WOS:000224181300003 ER PT J AU Yoon, SS Hewson, JC DesJardin, PE Glaze, DJ Black, AR Skaggs, RR AF Yoon, SS Hewson, JC DesJardin, PE Glaze, DJ Black, AR Skaggs, RR TI Numerical modeling and experimental measurements of a high speed solid-cone water spray for use in fire suppression applications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT ROUND-JET; LIQUID JETS; COLLISION MODEL; STILL GASES; DROP SIZE; ATOMIZATION; INSTABILITY; COMBUSTION; MECHANISM; SURFACE AB Experimental measurements and numerical simulations of a high-speed water spray are presented. The numerical model is based on a stochastic separated flow technique that includes submodels for droplet dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and droplet-droplet collisions. Because the spray characteristics near the nozzle are difficult to ascertain, a new method for initialization of particle diameter size is developed that assumes a Rosin-Rammler distribution for droplet size, which correctly reproduces experimentally measured Sauter and arithmetic mean diameters. By relating the particle initialization to lower moments of the droplet statistics, it is possible to take advantage of measurements without substantial penalties associated with the greater experimental uncertainty of individual droplet measurements. Overall, very good agreement is observed in the comparisons of experimental measurements to computational predictions for the streamwise development of mean drop size and velocity. In addition, the importance of modeling droplet-droplet collisions is highlighted with comparison of selected droplet-droplet collision models. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ssyoon@sandia.gov NR 39 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0301-9322 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD NOV PY 2004 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1369 EP 1388 DI 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2004.07.006 PG 20 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 878MM UT WOS:000225650900004 ER PT J AU Anderson, IE Tang, W McCallum, RW AF Anderson, IE Tang, W McCallum, RW TI Particulate processing and properties of high-performance permanent magnets SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POWDER METALLURGY LA English DT Article ID IRON-BORON MAGNETS; RARE-EARTH; HEAT-TREATMENT; COERCIVITY; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COBALT; MAGNETIZATION; PRECIPITATION; CU AB High-performance permanent magnets (HPPM) are based on several intermetallic compounds of rare earth and transition metals, along with metalloid additions. This review will focus on magnetic materials based on Sm-Co (SmCo5 and Sm2Co17) and Nd2Fe14B intermetallics, the most well-known and well-commercialized representatives. These useful compounds generally have extremely high crystallographic anisotropy and are brittle, not generally acceptable properties for most metallurgical applications. However their outstanding intrinsic magnetic properties and well-tailored microstructures were developed from extensive work on alloy design and advanced materials processing methods and prospects for their continued commercial development are strong. This review first gives a brief introduction to the basics of ferromagnetism to provide an understanding for the design foundations of HPPM materials. Next, the complex relationships between processing methods, resulting microstructures, and magnetic property responses will be examined for the two families of compounds cited. Brief descriptions of recent research activity in this field will also be presented. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, MEP Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Anderson, IE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, MEP Program, 222 Met Dev Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM andersoni@ameslab.gov NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER POWDER METALLURGY INST PI PRINCETON PA 105 COLLEGE ROAD EAST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0888-7462 J9 INT J POWDER METALL JI Int. J. Powder Metall. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 40 IS 6 BP 37 EP 60 PG 24 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 883TN UT WOS:000226038700007 ER PT J AU Feinendegen, LE Neumann, RD AF Feinendegen, LE Neumann, RD TI Dosimetry and risk from low- versus high-LET radiation of Auger events and the role of nuclide carriers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Auger Symposium CY AUG 13-15, 2003 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP LH Gray Mem Trust ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; TRIPLEX-FORMING OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; LOW-DOSE-RATE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MICRONUCLEUS FORMATION; I-125 DECAYS; X-RAYS; DNA; RADIOTOXICITY; DAMAGE AB Purpose: To analyse the lethality to mammalian cells of 125 I-decays in DNA, in antipyrine in the whole cell and in oligodeoxynucleotides in the nucleus outside DNA as a function of Auger event-site and number. Materials and methods: Auger events cause both low- and high-linear energy transfer energy depositions including charge neutralization at the daughter nuclide. Microdosimetry allows the expression of absorbed dose to a defined micromass and the number of such events at given sites. Published data were used to relate micromass dose and event number to the dose to reduce survival to 37% of the initial survival (D-37). Results: The D-37 of I-125-decays in DNA was 0.1 Gy in terms of absorbed dose to the cell nucleus and about 30 in terms of average decays per nucleus or whole cell. The D-37 of I-125-decays in antipyrine was 1.5 Gy for absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, about 250 in terms of average decays per nucleus and about 2 x 10(3) for average decays per whole cell. I-125-decays in oligodeoxynucleotides were much less toxic than I-125-decays in antipyrine by a factor of about 25 in terms of average absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, by a factor or about 40 in terms of average decays per cell nucleus and by a factor of six in terms of average decays per whole cell. Conclusion: The unexpected low toxicity of I-125-decays in nuclear oligodeoxynucleotides outside the DNA in comparison with I-125-decays in antipyrine in the nucleus or the whole cell demands further attention on the role of oligodeoxynucleotides in altering cellular radiation sensitivity. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NIH, Dept Nucl Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Feinendegen, LE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 63 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 80 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 813 EP 822 DI 10.1080/095530004000007698 PG 10 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 890OR UT WOS:000226521200004 PM 15764388 ER PT J AU Goorley, T Zamenhof, R Nikjoo, H AF Goorley, T Zamenhof, R Nikjoo, H TI Calculated DNA damage from Gadolinium Auger electrons and relation to dose distributions in a head phantom SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Auger Symposium CY AUG 13-15, 2003 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP LH Gray Mem Trust ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; X-RAY; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; V79 CELLS; REPAIR; IRRADIATION; COMPUTER; RADICALS AB Purpose: To calculate the number of (157)Gadolinium (Gd-157) neutron capture induced DNA double strand breaks (DSB) in tumor cells resulting from epithermal neutron irradiation of a human head when the peak tissue dose is 10 Gy. To assess the lethality of these Gd induced DSB. Materials and Methods: DNA single and double strand breaks from Auger electrons emitted during Gd-157(n,gamma) events were calculated using an atomistic model of B-DNA with higher-order structure. When combined with gadolinium neutron capture reaction rates and neutron and photon physical dose rates calculated from the radiation transport through a model of the human head with explicit tumors, peak tissue dose can be related to the number of Auger electron induced DSB in tumor cell DNA. The lethality of these DNA DSB were assessed through a comparison with incorporated I-125 decay cell survival curves and second comparison with the number of DSB resulting from neutron and photon interactions. Results: These calculations on a molecular scale (microscopic calculations) indicate that for incorporated Gd-157, each neutron capture reaction results in an average of 1.56 +/- 0.16 DNA single strand breaks (SSB) and 0.21 +/- 0.04 DBS in the immediate vicinity (similar to 40 nm) of the neutron capture. In an example case of Gd Neutron Capture Therapy (GdNCT), a 1 cm radius midline tumor, peak normal tissue dose of 10 Gy, and a tumor concentration of 1000 ppm Gd, result in a maximum of 140 +/- 27 DSBs per tumor cell. Conclusions: The number of DSB from the background radiation components is one order of magnitude lower than the Gd Auger electron induced DSB. The cell survival of mammalian cell lines with a similar amount of complex DSB induced from incorporated I-125 decay yield one to two magnitudes of cell killing. These two points indicate that gadolinium auger electrons could significantly contribute to cell killing in GdNCT. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys X Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. MRC, Radiat & Genome Stabil Unit, Harwell, Berks, England. RP Goorley, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, X Div, Mail Stop,F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jgoorley@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 80 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 933 EP 940 DI 10.1080/09553000400017564 PG 8 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 890OR UT WOS:000226521200021 PM 15764405 ER PT J AU Hugenholtz, P Stackebrandt, E AF Hugenholtz, P Stackebrandt, E TI Reclassification of Sphaerobacter thermophilus from the subclass Sphaerobacteridae in the phylum Actinobacteria to the class Thermomicrobia (emended description) in the phylum Chloroflexi (emended description) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-CHAIN DIOLS; SP-NOV; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; GEN. NOV.; BACTERIUM; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; SUBPHYLUM; PROPOSAL; CULTURE AB Sphaerobacter thermophilus was originally classified as the deepest branching member of the phylum Actinobacteria (high-G + C, Gram-positive bacteria) based on 16S rRNA gene comparative analysis. However, the analysis lacked suitable outgroups, and additional 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate that it is most closely related to Thermomicrobium roseum, which it also resembles phenotypically. Furthermore, both species are reproducibly affiliated with the phylum Chloroflexi (green non-sulfur bacteria), despite T roseum currently being classified in its own phylum, the Thermomicrobia. Transfer of Sphaerobacter to the class Thermomicrobia, and transfer of the class Thermomicrobia to the phylum Chlorollexi, are proposed. Descriptions for the phylum Chloroflexi and the class Thermomicrobia are emended to reflect the proposed changes in classification. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Deutsch Sammlung Mikroorganismen & Zellkulturen, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. RP Hugenholtz, P (reprint author), DOE Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Creek Bldg 400-404, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM phugenholtz@lbl.gov RI Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; OI hugenholtz, philip/0000-0001-5386-7925 NR 23 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 54 BP 2049 EP 2051 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.03028-0 PN 6 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 874QX UT WOS:000225366000025 PM 15545432 ER PT J AU Mondin, L Man, CN Brillet, A Taubman, MS AF Mondin, L Man, CN Brillet, A Taubman, MS TI Validation of a laser source for gravitational wave space detectors SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Colloquium on Lasers and Quantum Optics CY SEP 03-05, 2003 CL Toulouse, FRANCE SP INSA Toulouse, Univ Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, DGA, ONERA, Minist Rech & Nouvelles Technologies, Soc Francaise Opt, Soc Francaise Phys AB We report our recent results on the frequency stabilisation of doubled Nd:YAG lasers using a Doppler free transition of the Iodine molecule: comparison of experimental lineshapes with a model and a first stability measurement. C1 OCA, Bd Observ, F-06304 Nice, France. PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mondin, L (reprint author), OCA, Bd Observ, BP 4229, F-06304 Nice, France. EM mondin@obs-nice.fr; Matthew.Taubman@pnl.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD NOV PY 2004 VL 119 BP 237 EP 238 DI 10.1051/jp4:2004119074 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 882SI UT WOS:000225958200077 ER PT J AU Zhou, YF Xie, S Ge, XW Chen, CH Amine, K AF Zhou, YF Xie, S Ge, XW Chen, CH Amine, K TI Preparation of rechargeable lithium batteries with poly(methyl methacrylate) based gel polymer electrolyte by in situ gamma-ray irradiation-induced polymerization SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE gel polymer electrolyte; lithium ion batteries; PMMA; gamma-ray irradiation induced polymerization ID SYMMETRIC CELL APPROACH; ION BATTERIES; SECONDARY BATTERIES; PVC/PMMA BLEND; CATHODE; LINI0.8CO0.2O2; MEMBRANES; GRAPHITE; ANODE AB An admixture of commercial liquid electrolyte (LB302, 1 M solution of LiPF6 in 1:1 EC/DEC) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was enclosed in CR2032 cells. The assembled cells were then gamma-ray-irradiated using configurations of half cells and full cells. Through this in situ irradiation polymerization process, we obtained rechargeable lithium ion cells with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based gel polymer electrolytes (GPE). Galvanostatic cycling, AC impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the cells and the gel polymer electrolyte. This PMMA-based gel polymer electrolyte was found to exhibit a high ionic conductivity (at least 10(-3) S cm(-1)) at room temperature. Due to a significant increase in the charge transfer resistance between the GPE and the cathode, the cell impedance of a PMMA-based lithium ion cell is greater than that of a liquid-electrolyte-based cell. The discharge capacity of a LiNi0.8Co0.2O2/GPE/graphite is approximately 145 mAh g(-1) for the first cycle and decreases to 123 mAh g(-1) after 20 cycles. In addition, a large initial cell impedance (LICI) was observed in the irradiated positive half cell. In this paper, we propose a possible mechanism related to the detachment of the PMMA layer from the lithium electrode. This detachment of the PMMA layer from the lithium electrode has not been explicitly discussed previously. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Anhui Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hefei 230039, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. EM cchchen@ustc.edu.cn RI Ge, Xuewu/F-1904-2010; Chen, Chunhua/F-5897-2010; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1119 EP 1125 DI 10.1007/s10800-004-2726-5 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 879BV UT WOS:000225692300005 ER PT J AU Whiteman, CD Eisenbach, S Pospichal, B Steinacker, R AF Whiteman, CD Eisenbach, S Pospichal, B Steinacker, R TI Comparison of vertical soundings and sidewall air temperature measurements in a small Alpine basin SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGIONAL-SCALE FLOWS; MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN AB Tethered balloon soundings from two sites on the floor of a 1-km-diameter limestone sinkhole in the eastern Alps are compared with pseudovertical temperature "soundings'' from three lines of temperature dataloggers on the basin's northwest, southwest, and southeast sidewalls. Under stable nighttime conditions with low background winds, the pseudovertical profiles from all three lines were good proxies for free air temperature soundings over the basin center, with a mean nighttime cold temperature bias of about 0.4degreesC and a standard deviation of 0.4degreesC. Cold biases were highest in the upper basin where relatively warm air subsides to replace air that spills out of the basin through the lowest-altitude saddle. On a windy night, standard deviations increased to 18 - 2degreesC. After sunrise, the varying exposures of the dataloggers to sunlight made the pseudovertical profiles less useful as proxies for free air soundings. The good correspondence between sidewall and free air temperatures during high-static-stability conditions suggests that sidewall soundings can be used to monitor temperatures, temperature gradients, and temperature inversion evolution in the sinkhole. Sidewall soundings can produce more frequent profiles at lower cost than can tethersondes or rawinsondes, and extension of these findings to other enclosed or semienclosed topographies may enhance future basic meteorological research or support applications studies in agriculture, forestry, air pollution, and land use planning. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Meteorol & Geophys, Vienna, Austria. RP Whiteman, CD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dave.whiteman@pnl.gov RI Pospichal, Bernhard/A-3639-2014 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1635 EP 1647 DI 10.1175/JAM2168.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 880RJ UT WOS:000225806600007 ER PT J AU Zhong, SY Whiteman, CD Bian, XD AF Zhong, SY Whiteman, CD Bian, XD TI Diurnal evolution of three-dimensional wind and temperature structure in California's Central Valley SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACRAMENTO; CANYON AB The diurnal evolution of the three-dimensional summer-season mean wind and temperature structure in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys ( collectively called the Central Valley) is investigated using data from 22 radar wind profiler/radio acoustic sounding systems (RASS) operated as part of the Central California Ozone Study in 2000. The profiler network revealed, for the first time, that the persistent summer-season flow pattern documented by surface observations extends 800 - 1000 m above the surface. At most locations, upvalley winds persist during both day and night except at the upper ends of the valleys and close to the valley sidewalls where diurnal wind reversals occur. Wind speeds exhibit pronounced diurnal oscillations, with amplitudes decreasing with height. A low-level wind maximum occurs in the lowest 300 m, with a sharp decrease in speed above the maximum. Especially well defined nocturnal low-level jets occur at sites in the southern San Joaquin Valley, where maximum speeds of 10 m s(-1) or more occur 1 - 2 h before midnight at heights near 300 m. The afternoon mixed layer, generally deeper than 1000 m, increases in depth with up-valley distance in both valleys. At night, temperature inversions develop in the lowest several hundred meters with near-isothermal layers above. Mean temperatures in the lowest 500 m of the valleys are always warmer than at the same altitude over the coast, and temperature increases from the lower to upper valleys. The diurnal oscillations of the coast valley and along-valley temperature and pressure difference reach a maximum in late afternoon and a minimum in early morning. These oscillations are in phase with the diurnal variation of westerly onshore flows. The along-valley wind maxima, however, occur 1 - 2 h before midnight, whereas the along-valley pressure gradient maxima are usually found just before sunset. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Geosci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Zhong, SY (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Geosci, 312 S&R 1,4800 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM szhong@uh.edu NR 16 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1679 EP 1699 DI 10.1175/JAM2154.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 880RJ UT WOS:000225806600010 ER PT J AU Barnat, EV Hebner, GA AF Barnat, EV Hebner, GA TI Radiofrequency sheath fields above a metal-dielectric interface SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE-DIP SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-DENSITY PLASMAS; ION ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; GLOW-DISCHARGE; LASER SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; BIASED ELECTRODE; RYDBERG STATES; ARGON AB Two-dimensional maps of the sheath electric fields formed around a metal-dielectric interface were measured in a radio frequency (rf) argon plasma using laser-induced fluorescence-dip spectroscopy. Experimentally determined Stark shifts of the argon Rydberg 13d[3/2](1) state were used to quantify the electric fields in the sheath as functions of the rf cycle, voltage, and pressure. Both the structure of the sheath fields and the discharge characteristics in the region above the electrode depend on the discharge conditions and the configuration of the surface. Dissimilar materials placed adjacent to each other result in electric fields with a component parallel to the electrode surface. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 4762 EP 4770 DI 10.1063/1.1794901 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300008 ER PT J AU Rosen, J Anders, A Hultman, L Schneider, JM AF Rosen, J Anders, A Hultman, L Schneider, JM TI Charge state and time resolved plasma composition of a pulsed zirconium arc in a nitrogen environment SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; CATHODIC VACUUM ARCS; TEMPORAL DEVELOPMENT; GAS; DEPOSITION; IONIZATION; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; BEAM AB The species and ion charge state evolution of a pulsed cathodic arc plasma was investigated at different pressures. A zirconium cathode was operated in a nitrogen environment, and the plasma composition was analyzed by time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. Large plasma chemistry changes were detected with respect to time and pressure. The 250 mus plasma pulse can be divided in two characteristic phases: a transient phase before 150 mus and a steady state phase for all later times. The measured changes in plasma chemistry in the transient phase at psimilar to10(-5) Torr are explained by charge transfer collisions, while the increasing N+ fraction in the p>10(-5) Torr range most likely originates from erosion of the nitrided cathode surface. In the steady-state phase, a pressure-induced change from higher to lower charge states was observed, which was mainly due to scattering of self-sputtered metal followed by metal ion-atom charge exchange collisions. These results are of importance for understanding the evolution of thin film composition and microstructure during reactive plasma deposition.(C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Linkoping Univ, IFM, Dept Phys, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RI Schneider, Jochen/A-4701-2012; Rosen, Johanna/M-9284-2014; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 4793 EP 4799 DI 10.1063/1.1803627 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300012 ER PT J AU Caha, O Krapek, V Holy, V Moss, SC Li, JH Norman, AG Mascarenhas, A Reno, JL Stangl, J Meduna, M AF Caha, O Krapek, V Holy, V Moss, SC Li, JH Norman, AG Mascarenhas, A Reno, JL Stangl, J Meduna, M TI X-ray diffraction on laterally modulated (InAs)(n)/(AlAs)(m) short-period superlattices SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; EPITAXIAL LAYERS; MORPHOLOGY; GROWTH AB Lateral composition modulation in InAs/AlAs short-period superlattices was investigated by x-ray grazing-incidence diffraction and coplanar x-ray diffraction at a "normal" wavelength and at an anomalous wavelength, for which diffraction from the (200) planes does not exhibit a chemical contrast. The experimental data were compared with theoretical simulations assuming that the interfaces consist of a periodic sequence of monoatomic steps. The displacement field in the superlattice was calculated by continuum elasticity and using a valence-force field method. From the fit of the experimental data to the theory, the lengths of individual atomic terraces were determined. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Masaryk Univ, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. Charles Univ, Dept Phys Elect Struct, Prague 12116, Czech Republic. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct & Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Phys & Chem Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Johannes Kepler Univ, Inst Halbleiterphys, A-4040 Linz, Austria. RP Caha, O (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, Kotlarska 2, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010; Meduna, Mojmir/E-2474-2012; Caha, Ondrej/E-4716-2012; Krapek, Vlastimil/A-6917-2013; Stangl, Julian/C-1105-2016; Holy, Vaclav/E-1508-2017; OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X; Holy, Vaclav/0000-0002-0370-6928; Stangl, Julian/0000-0002-9560-9841 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 4833 EP 4838 DI 10.1063/1.1781768 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300018 ER PT J AU Usov, IO Suvorova, AA Kudriavtsev, YA Suvorov, AV AF Usov, IO Suvorova, AA Kudriavtsev, YA Suvorov, AV TI Diffusion of boron in 6H and 4H SiC coimplanted with boron and nitrogen ions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KICK-OUT MECHANISM; IMPLANTED BORON; SILICON-CARBIDE; 4H-SILICON CARBIDE; DEFECTS AB The diffusion behavior of boron (B) and nitrogen (N) implanted in 6H and 4H silicon carbide (SiC) samples was investigated using secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The samples were either coimplanted with B and N ions or implanted with each element alone. The annealing was performed at 1700 degreesC for times ranging from 10 to 1800 s in argon ambient or in the vapors of silicon and carbon. Transmission electron microscopy has been used to determine the structural properties of implanted layers after the annealing. The N concentration profiles remained unchanged after the annealing. B atoms showed transient enhanced out- and in-diffusion. The coimplantation reduced the fraction of mobile B atoms participating in out- and in-diffusion processes and resulted in an increase in the density and decrease in size of dislocation loops formed in the implanted layer. The B diffusion coefficients in both SiC polytypes have been determined and a diffusion mechanism has been discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Crawley 6009, Australia. IPN, CINVESTAV, Dept Ingn Elect SEES, Mexico City 07300, DF, Mexico. Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Usov, IO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Suvorova, Alexandra/B-9335-2011 OI Suvorova, Alexandra/0000-0001-8970-6058 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 4960 EP 4964 DI 10.1063/1.1803923 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300036 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Gorshkov, VN Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Gorshkov, VN Tsifrinovich, VI TI Regular and random magnetic resonance force microscopy signal with a cantilever oscillating parallel to a sample surface SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPIN RELAXATION AB We study theoretically the magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) technique of oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals, for the case when the cantilever tip oscillates parallel to the surface of a sample. The main contribution to the MRFM signal is associated with a part of the resonance slice near the surface of the sample. The regular (approximately exponential) decay of the MRFM signal is followed by the nondecaying random signal. The spectrum of the random signal is characterized by the high level of noise at low frequencies and a roll off at the characteristic frequency related to the inverse relaxation time. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Polytech Univ, IDS Dept, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Gorshkov, Vyacheslav/J-3329-2015 OI Gorshkov, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-7700-5649 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 5081 EP 5084 DI 10.1063/1.1787141 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300055 ER PT J AU Levin, EM Hou, SS Bud'ko, SL Schmidt-Rohr, K AF Levin, EM Hou, SS Bud'ko, SL Schmidt-Rohr, K TI Magnetism and nuclear magnetic resonance of hectorite and montmorillonite layered silicates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NYLON-6 CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES; SHEET SILICATES; NMR; POLYMER; SMECTITES AB The temperature and magnetic-field (H) dependencies of the bulk dc magnetization (M) and the M/H ratio of montmorillonite (MMT), hectorite (HCT), and synthetic mica-montmorillonite (SMMT) clays have been measured and compared with the signal intensity of H-1 and Si-29 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. MMT exhibits Langevin paramagnetism with an effective magnetic moment of 5.5+/-0.1 mu(B) per Fe ion whereas SMMT has diamagnetic properties. At 300 K, M/H of HCT measured in a magnetic field of Hless than or equal to1 kOe is larger than that of MMT, whereas in a field of 50 kOe, the inverse situation is observed. The difference arises because the magnetization of HCT is dominated by a contribution from ferromagneticlike impurities. The H-1 and Si-29 NMR signals of MMT are broadened beyond detectability due to the paramagnetic effect. Although HCT contains ferromagneticlike components that result in a large M/H in low field, it yields H-1 and Si-29 NMR spectra with signal intensities similar to those of diamagnetic SMMT. Our data highlight that the quality of the NMR spectra is not related to the low-field magnetic susceptibility but to the bulk magnetization in the high magnetic field used for NMR. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schmidt-Rohr, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM srohr@iastate.edu NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 5085 EP 5092 DI 10.1063/1.1794364 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300056 ER PT J AU Grenko, JA Reynolds, CL Schlesser, R Hren, JJ Bachmann, K Sitar, Z Kotula, PG AF Grenko, JA Reynolds, CL Schlesser, R Hren, JJ Bachmann, K Sitar, Z Kotula, PG TI Nanoscale GaN whiskers fabricated by photoelectrochemical etching SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID N-TYPE GAN; GALLIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; NANORODS; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH AB GaN whiskers with nanoscale dimensions have been fabricated by photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching in dilute H3PO4 electrolyte. Etching in lower concentration H3PO4 electrolyte for 1 h or for a short time of 5 min at a higher concentration results in individual whiskers with a density of similar to2x10(9)cm(-2) and diameters to 15nm. It is observed that similar to10% of them have formed nearly perfect hexagonal plates on the top of the whiskers, which appear to evolve into flowerlike features upon extended etching to 12 min. Such hexagonal plates have not been reported previously in the PEC etching of GaN. The presence of a dislocation along the central axis of the needles is clearly demonstrated, and the etch pattern is suggested to be related to the growth mechanism for GaN on sapphire. When etched for times >30 min, these whiskers are typically arranged in clusters with a density of 2-5x10(7)cm(-2) and have ten or more whiskers contributing to the central top of the cluster. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Grenko, JA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 9 BP 5185 EP 5188 DI 10.1063/1.1788841 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 866UQ UT WOS:000224799300071 ER PT J AU Lyster, PM Guo, J Clune, T Larson, JW AF Lyster, PM Guo, J Clune, T Larson, JW TI The computational complexity and parallel scalability of atmospheric data assimilation algorithms SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANALYSIS SYSTEM; KALMAN FILTER; ECMWF IMPLEMENTATION; FORMULATION; REANALYSIS; 3D-VAR AB This paper quantifies the computational complexity and parallel scalability of two algorithms for four-dimensional data assimilation (4DDA) at NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO). The first, the Goddard Earth Observing System Data Assimilation System (GEOS DAS), uses an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) and an observation-space-based analysis system, the Physical-Space Statistical Analysis System (PSAS). GEOS DAS is very similar to global meteorological weather forecasting data assimilation systems but is used at NASA for climate research. The second, the Kalman filter, uses a more consistent algorithm to determine the forecast error covariance matrix than does GEOS DAS. For atmospheric assimilation, the gridded dynamical fields typically have more than 106 variables; therefore, the full error covariance matrix may be in excess of a teraword. For the Kalman filter this problem will require petaflop s(-1) computing to achieve effective throughput for scientific research. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Gen Sci Operat, Beltsville, MD USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lyster, PM (reprint author), NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM lysterpe@nigms.nih.gov NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1689 EP 1700 DI 10.1175/JTECH1636.1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870ZW UT WOS:000225099300005 ER PT J AU Gao, HC Wang, Y Liu, XD Yan, TF Wu, LY Alm, E Arkin, A Thompson, DK Zhou, JZ AF Gao, HC Wang, Y Liu, XD Yan, TF Wu, LY Alm, E Arkin, A Thompson, DK Zhou, JZ TI Global transcriptome analysis of the heat shock response of Shewanella oneidensis SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Microbial Genomes CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; SEQUENCE; NETWORK; STRESS; METABOLISM; PROTEASES; PROMOTERS AB Shewanella oneidensis is an important model organism for bioremediation studies because of its diverse respiratory capabilities. However, the genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms underlying the ability of S. oneidensis to survive and adapt to various environmentally relevant stresses is poorly understood. To define this organism's molecular response to elevated growth temperatures, temporal gene expression profiles were examined in cells subjected to heat stress by using whole-genome DNA microarrays for S. oneidensis. Approximately 15% (n = 711) of the total predicted S. oneidensis genes (n = 4,648) represented on the microarray were significantly up- or downregulated (P < 0.05) over a 25-min period after shift to the heat shock temperature. As expected, the majority of the genes that showed homology to known chaperones and heat shock proteins in other organisms were highly induced. In addition, a number of predicted genes, including those encoding enzymes in glycolysis and the pentose cycle, serine proteases, transcriptional regulators (MerR, LysR, and TetR families), histidine kinases, and hypothetical proteins were induced. Genes encoding membrane proteins were differentially expressed, suggesting that cells possibly alter their membrane composition or structure in response to variations in growth temperature. A substantial number of the genes encoding ribosomal proteins displayed downregulated coexpression patterns in response to heat stress, as did genes encoding prophage and flagellar proteins. Finally, a putative regulatory site with high conservation to the Escherichia coli sigma(32)-binding consensus sequence was identified upstream of a number of heat-inducible genes. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhouj@ornl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Gao, Haichun/A-2160-2014 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; NR 48 TC 123 Z9 125 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 186 IS 22 BP 7796 EP 7803 DI 10.1128/JB.186.22.7796-7803.2004 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 869HH UT WOS:000224973500038 PM 15516594 ER PT J AU Foppiano, S Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Foppiano, S Marshall, SJ Marshall, GW Saiz, E Tomsia, AP TI The influence of novel bioactive glasses on in vitro osteoblast behavior SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE bioactive glass; cell-material interactions; biocompatibility; hard tissue ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE COATINGS; MURINE MC3T3-E1 CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SURFACE; DIFFERENTIATION; IMPLANTS; BONE; EXPRESSION; MINERALIZATION; HYDROXYAPATITE AB Implant success requires a direct bond between bone and implant surface. Bioinert implants, such as titanium alloys, are commonly plasma-spray-coated with a bone-bonding, bioactive material such as hydroxyapatite. Such coatings tend to be chemically and topographically inhomogeneous without reproducible properties. A family of bioactive glasses that can be enameled and reliably adheres to titanium alloy has been developed. In this study the cytocompatibility of two of these glass compositions was tested in the as-cast condition. The effects of these glasses on the early and late events of osseous tissue formation in vitro were determined with MC3T3-E1.4 mouse osteoblast-like cells. MC3T3-E1.4 cells were cultured on glasses containing 55 and 50 Wt % SiO2, with titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and tissue culture polystyrene as controls. Cellular adhesion and proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity were studied over 5 to 15 days in culture. Qualitative and quantitative assays of mineralization were conducted. The osteoblast-like cells showed increased proliferation when grown on a bioactive glass containing 50 wt % silica. However, the adhesion, differentiation and mineralization behavior were similar on both glass compositions used in this study. These bioactive glasses proved to be cytocompatible substrata for osteoblast-like cell culture, and yielded higher cellular proliferation than titanium alloy. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marshall, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Biomat & Bioengn, 707 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM graymar@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE 11289] NR 35 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 71A IS 2 BP 242 EP 249 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.30159 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 861LW UT WOS:000224419000007 PM 15372470 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, MP Dewey, HJ Gordon, PL Scott, BL AF Wilkerson, MP Dewey, HJ Gordon, PL Scott, BL TI Synthesis and structure of ditetrabutylammonium tetrachlorodioxoneptunium(VI) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; neptunium; neptunyl; tetrachloride ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES AB The reaction of a stock solution of NpO22+ in 2 M HCl with two equivalents of tetrabutylammonium chloride in 6 M HCl results in the preparation of the title compound. This compound, [NBu4](2)[NPO2Cl4], is isostructural with the uranium analogue, [NBu4](2)[UO2Cl4]. The anion of the complex, [NpO2Cl4](2-), adopts a pseudooctahedral geometry common to six-coordinate actinyl complexes in which the neptunium metal is coordinated by two trans axial oxo groups with Np-O(oxo) bond lengths of 1.733(5) Angstrom, and four equatorial chloride ligands with Np-Cl bond lengths in the range 2.637(2)-2.676(2) Angstrom. The neptunyl O-Np-O bond angle is 178.6(3)degrees. Charge balance of the neptunyl tetrachloride anion is maintained by two tetrabutylammonium cations. This complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n (a = 15.416(4), b = 15.362(4), c = 18.479(5) Angstrom, beta = 108.147(6)degrees, V = 4158.4(19) Angstrom(3), Z = 4). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, CADI, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wilkerson, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, CADI, MS J565, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mpw@lanl.gov RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 11 BP 807 EP 811 DI 10.1007/s10870-004-7657-9 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA 883HD UT WOS:000226001300012 ER PT J AU LaBute, MX Endres, RG Cox, DL AF LaBute, MX Endres, RG Cox, DL TI An Anderson impurity model for efficient sampling of adiabatic potential energy surfaces of transition metal complexes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SELF-EXCHANGE; REDOX COUPLES; LARGE SYSTEMS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; INSIGHTS AB We present a model intended for rapid sampling of ground and excited state potential energy surfaces for first-row transition metal active sites. The method is computationally inexpensive and is suited for dynamics simulations where (1) adiabatic states are required "on-the-fly" and (2) the primary source of the electronic coupling between the diabatic states is the perturbative spin-orbit interaction among the 3d electrons. The model Hamiltonian we develop is a variant of the Anderson impurity model and achieves efficiency through a physically motivated basis set reduction based on the large value of the d-d Coulomb interaction U-d and a Lanczos matrix diagonalization routine to solve for eigenvalues. The model parameters are constrained by fits to the partial density of states obtained from ab initio density functional theory calculations. For a particular application of our model we focus on electron transfer occurring between cobalt ions solvated by ammonium, incorporating configuration interaction between multiplet states for both metal ions. We demonstrate the capability of the method to efficiently calculate adiabatic potential energy surfaces and the electronic coupling factor we have calculated compares well to previous calculations and experiment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP LaBute, MX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 17 BP 8221 EP 8230 DI 10.1063/1.1795152 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 866ED UT WOS:000224755700008 PM 15511141 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Kiran, B Wang, LS AF Zhai, HJ Kiran, B Wang, LS TI Observation of Au2H- impurity in pure gold clusters and implications for the anomalous Au-Au distances in gold nanowires SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTRA; 2-PHOTON IONIZATION; DFT CALCULATIONS; METAL-CLUSTERS; HYDRIDES AUH; CONDUCTANCE; ANIONS; (H-2)AUH3; TRIMERS AB Au2H- was recognized and confirmed as a minor contamination to typical photoelectron spectra of Au-2(-), produced by laser vaporization of a pure Au target using an ultrahigh purity helium carrier gas. The hydrogen source was shown to be from trace H impurities present in the bulk gold target. Carefully designed experiments using H-2- and D-2-seeded helium carrier gas were used to study the electronic structure of Au2H- and Au2D- using photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. Well-resolved photoelectron spectra with vibrational resolution were obtained for Au2H- and Au2D-. Two isomers were observed both experimentally and theoretically. The ground state of Au2H- turned out to be linear with a terminal H atom [Au-Au-H](-) ((1)A(1),C-infinityv), whereas a linear [Au-H-Au](-) ((1)A(1),D-infinityh) structure with a bridging H atom was found to be a minor isomer 0.6 eV higher in energy. Calculated electron detachment energies for both isomers agree well with the experimental spectra, confirming their existence in the cluster beam. The observation and confirmation of H impurity in pure gold clusters and the 3.44 A Au-Au distance in the [Au-H-Au](-) isomer presented in the current work provide indirect experimental evidence that the anomalous 3.6 A Au-Au distances observed in gold nanowires is due to an "invisible" hydrogen impurity atom. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhai, HJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov NR 52 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 17 BP 8231 EP 8236 DI 10.1063/1.1802491 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 866ED UT WOS:000224755700009 PM 15511142 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Li, J Wang, LS AF Zhai, HJ Li, J Wang, LS TI Icosahedral gold cage clusters: M@Au-12(-) (M = V, Nb, and Ta) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; EXCHANGE-CORRELATION POTENTIALS; AB-INITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; BASIS-SETS; ELEMENTS AB We report the observation and characterization of a series of stable bimetallic 18-valence-electron clusters containing a highly symmetric 12-atom icosahedral Au cage with an encapsulated central heteroatom of Group VB transition metals, M@Au-12(-) (M=V,Nb,Ta). Electronic and structural properties of these clusters were probed by anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Characteristics of the M@Au-12(-) species include their remarkably high binding energies and relatively simple spectral features, which reflect their high symmetry and stability. The adiabatic electronic binding energies of M@Au-12(-) were measured to be 3.70+/-0.03, 3.77+/-0.03, and 3.76+/-0.03 eV for M=V, Nb, and Ta, respectively. Comparison of density-functional calculations with experimental data established the highly symmetric icosahedral structures for the 18-electron cluster anions, which may be promising building blocks for cluster-assembled nanomaterials in the form of stoichiometric [M@Au-12(-)]X+ salts. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhai, HJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 41 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 17 BP 8369 EP 8374 DI 10.1063/1.1799574 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 866ED UT WOS:000224755700024 PM 15511157 ER PT J AU Henson, BF Wilson, KR Robinson, JM Noble, CA Casson, JL Worsnop, DR AF Henson, BF Wilson, KR Robinson, JM Noble, CA Casson, JL Worsnop, DR TI Experimental isotherms of HCl on H2O ice under stratospheric conditions: Connections between bulk and interfacial thermodynamics SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; HYDROCHLORIC-ACID IONIZATION; LASER RESONANT DESORPTION; NITRIC-ACID; WATER-ICE; HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE; HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS; PHYSICAL ADSORPTION; OZONE DEPLETION; CLOUD MATERIALS AB The adsorption of HCl on the surface of H2O ice has been measured at temperatures and pressures relevant to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The measured HCl surface coverage is found to be at least 100 times lower than currently assumed in models of chlorine catalyzed ozone destruction in cold regions of the upper atmosphere. Measurements were conducted in a closed system by simultaneous application of surface spectroscopy and gas phase mass spectrometry to fully characterize vapor/solid equilibrium. Surface adsorption is clearly distinguished from bulk liquid or solid phases. From 180 to 200 K, submonolayer adsorption of HCl is well described by a Bragg-Williams modified Langmuir model which includes the dissociation of HCl into H+ and Cl- ions. Furthermore, adsorption is consistent with two distinct states on the ice substrate, one in which the ions only weakly adsorb on separate sites, and another where the ions adsorb as an H+-Cl- pair on a single site with adsorption energy comparable to the bulk trihydrate. The number of substrate H2O molecules per adsorption site is also consistent with the stoichiometry of bulk hydrates under these conditions. The ionic states exist in equilibrium, and the total adsorption energy is a function of the relative population of both states. These observations and model provide a quantitative connection between the thermodynamics of the bulk and interfacial phases of HCl/H2O, and represent a consistent physicochemical model of the equilibrium system. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Henson, BF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Henson@lanl.gov RI Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009 OI Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017 NR 74 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 17 BP 8486 EP 8499 DI 10.1063/1.1803542 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 866ED UT WOS:000224755700039 PM 15511172 ER PT J AU Wehner, MF AF Wehner, MF TI Predicted twenty-first-century changes in seasonal extreme precipitation events in the parallel climate model SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID GAUGE OBSERVATIONS; 20TH-CENTURY; SIMULATIONS AB Twenty-year return values of annual and seasonal maxima of daily precipitation are calculated from a set of transiently forced coupled general circulation model simulations. The magnitude and pattern of return values are found to be highly dependent on the seasonal cycle. A similar dependence is found for projected future changes in return values. The correlation between the spatial pattern of return value changes and mean precipitation changes is found to be low. Hence, the changes in mean precipitation do not provide significant information about changes in precipitation extreme values. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Sci Comp Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wehner, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Sci Comp Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50F1650, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mfwehner@lbl.gov NR 19 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 17 IS 21 BP 4281 EP 4290 DI 10.1175/JCLI3197.1 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870ZT UT WOS:000225099000013 ER PT J AU Gurvits, L AF Gurvits, L TI Classical complexity and quantum entanglement SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing CY JUN 11, 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP ACM DE entanglement; complexity; determinant ID MIXED DISCRIMINANTS; POLYNOMIALS; PERMANENTS; PRODUCTS; MATRICES AB Generalizing a decision problem for bipartite perfect matching, Edmonds (J. Res. Natl. Bur. Standards 718(4) (1967) 242) introduced the problem (now known as the Edmonds Problem) of deciding if a given linear subspace of M (N) contains a non-singular matrix, where M (N) stands for the linear space of complex N x N matrices. This problem led to many fundamental developments in matroid theory, etc. Classical matching theory can be defined in terms of matrices with non-negative entries. The notion of Positive operator, central in Quantum Theory, is a natural generalization of matrices with non-negative entries. (Here operator refers to maps from matrices to matrices.) First, we reformulate the Edmonds Problem in terms of completely positive operators, or equivalently, in terms of bipartite density matrices. It turns out that one of the most important cases when Edmonds' problem can be solved in polynomial deterministic time, i.e. an intersection of two geometric matroids, corresponds to unentangled (aka separable) bipartite density matrices. We introduce a very general class (or promise) of linear subspaces of M(N) on which there exists a polynomial deterministic time algorithm to solve Edmonds' problem. The algorithm is a thoroughgoing generalization of algorithms in Linial, Samorodnitsky and Wigderson, Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ACM, New York, 1998; Gurvits and Yianilos, and its analysis benefits from an operator analog of permanents, so-called Quantum Permanents. Finally, we prove that the weak membership problem for the convex set of separable normalized bipartite density matrices is NP-HARD. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gurvits, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gurvits@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-0000 J9 J COMPUT SYST SCI JI J. Comput. Syst. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 BP 448 EP 484 DI 10.1016/j.jcss.2004.06.003 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 860BA UT WOS:000224310900009 ER PT J AU Beacom, JF Candia, J AF Beacom, JF Candia, J TI Shower power: isolating the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux using electron neutrinos SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; ultra high energy photons and neutrinos; neutrino detectors; neutrino and gamma astronomy ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; GAMMA-RAY ABSORPTION; MUON NEUTRINOS; SPECTRUM; MARKARIAN-421; DISTRIBUTIONS; SENSITIVITY; TELESCOPES; ASTRONOMY AB At high energies, the very steep decrease of the conventional atmospheric component of the neutrino spectrum should allow the emergence of even small and isotropic components of the total spectrum, indicative of new physics, provided that they are less steeply decreasing, as generically expected. One candidate is the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux, a probe of cosmic ray composition in the region of the knee as well as small-x QCD, below the reach of collider experiments. A second is the diffuse extragalactic background due to distant and unresolved AGNs and GRBs, a key test of the nature of the highest-energy sources in the universe. Separating these new physics components from the conventional atmospheric neutrino flux, as well as from each other, will be very challenging. We show that the charged-current electron neutrino 'shower' channel should be particularly effective for isolating the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux, and that it is more generally an important complement to the usually considered charged-current muon neutrino 'track' channel. These conclusions remain true even for the low prompt atmospheric neutrino flux predicted in a realistic cosmic ray scenario with heavy and varying composition across the knee (Candia and Roulet, 2003 J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP09(2003) 005). We also improve the corresponding calculation of the neutrino flux induced by cosmic ray collisions with the interstellar medium. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Beacom, JF (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM beacom@mps.ohio-state.edu; candia@fisica.unlp.edu.ar OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631; Candia, Julian/0000-0001-5793-8989 NR 82 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 11 AR 009 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2004/11/009 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 876KB UT WOS:000225494200004 ER PT J AU Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA AF Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA TI The use of simple pulses to estimate inelastic response spectra SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE pulses; isoductile spectra; strength reduction factor ID REDUCTION FACTORS; DISPLACEMENT; STRENGTH; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB Inelastic response spectra are estimated for elasto-plastic SDOF systems subjected to strong earthquake ground motions by applying the strength reduction factors determined for a simple pulse to the elastic response spectrum of the ground motion. This approach relies upon similarities in the strength reduction factors computed for earthquake ground motions and for short duration pulses. The accuracy of the estimated inelastic spectra obtained using 24 simple pulse waveforms is assessed in order to identify subsets of just several pulse waveforms that are suited for this purpose. Based upon the ground motions and pulses investigated, this approach appears to be equally applicable to short and long duration ground motions and those having near-fault forward directivity features. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, FWO, DECS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Cuesta, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, FWO, DECS, POB 1663,MS M702, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS PI LONDON PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND SN 1363-2469 J9 J EARTHQ ENG JI J. EARTHQU. ENG. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 8 IS 6 BP 865 EP 893 DI 10.1142/S1363246904001535 PG 29 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 883RZ UT WOS:000226034700003 ER PT J AU Vianco, PT Rejent, JA Kilgo, AC AF Vianco, PT Rejent, JA Kilgo, AC TI Creep behavior of the ternary 95.5Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu solder - Part 1: As-cast condition SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE tin-silver-copper (Sn-Ag-Cu) solder; constitutive model; reliability; creep ID CU; ALLOYS; JOINTS AB The compression creep behavior was studied for the ternary solder alloy 95.5Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu in the as-cast condition. Samples were tested under stresses of 2-45 MPa and temperatures of -25-160degreesC. There was a significant variability in the creep curve shape, strain magnitude, and steady-state strain-rate properties. A multivariable linear-regression analysis of the steady-state strain-rate data, using the sinh-law stress representation, indicated two mechanisms distinguished by low- and high-temperature regimes of -25-75degreesC and 75-160degreesC, respectively. The sinh-law stress exponent (n) and apparent-activation energy (DeltaH) in the -25-75degreesC regime were 4.4 +/- 0.7 kJ/mol and 25 7 kJ/moI (63% confidence intervals), respectively. Those same parameters in the 75-160degreesC regime were 5.2 +/- 0.8 kJ/moI and 95 +/- 14 kJ/mol, respectively, for the high-temperature regime. The values of DeltaH suggested a short-circuit diffusion mechanism at low temperatures and a lattice or bulk-diffusion mechanism at high temperatures. The stress dependency of the steady-state strain rate did not indicate a strong power-law breakdown behavior or a threshold stress phenomenon. Cracks and grain-boundary sliding were not observed in any of the samples. As the creep temperature increased, a coarsened particle boundary and particle depletion zone formed in the region of fine Ag3Sn particles that existed between the Sn-rich phase areas. The coarsened particle boundary, as well as accelerated coarsening of Ag3Sn particles, were direct consequences of the creep deformation process. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM ptvianc@sandia.gov NR 32 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1389 EP 1400 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0169-8 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 871ZK UT WOS:000225175100022 ER PT J AU Jeon, BH Dempsey, BA Royer, RA Burgos, WD AF Jeon, BH Dempsey, BA Royer, RA Burgos, WD TI Low-temperature oxygen trap for maintaining strict anoxic conditions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID IRON(III) OXIDES; KINETICS; REDUCTION; FE(II); HEMATITE; IRON AB A low-temperature O-2 trap was designed in order to achieve strict anoxic conditions. The work was motivated by observation of slow oxidation of Fe(II) in an anaerobic chamber, leading to an estimated 3.8 x 10(-7) atm O-2 (well below the O-2 monitor detection limit) despite recirculation of the N-2:H-2 atmosphere across a Pd catalyst. Very low O-2 activity inside an "anaerobic" chamber can result in erroneous conclusions regarding oxidation-reduction reactivities in anoxic environments. The O-2 trap consisted of two sequential barrier suspensions with 93.2 mM Fe(III) as ferric hydroxide, 0.90 mM FeCl2, and pH 8.1. The partial pressure of O-2 was estimated to be less than 7.5 x 10(-9) atm O-2 when reactors were attached to the traps, based on no observed oxidation of Fe(II). C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Jeon, BH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bxj114@bama.ua.edu RI Dempsey, Brian/G-3482-2011; OI Jeon, Byong-Hun/0000-0002-5478-765X NR 14 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD NOV PY 2004 VL 130 IS 11 BP 1407 EP 1410 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:11(1407) PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866KV UT WOS:000224773300019 ER PT J AU Albright, WH Benson, CH Gee, GW Roesler, AC Abichou, T Apiwantragoon, P Lyles, BF Rock, SA AF Albright, WH Benson, CH Gee, GW Roesler, AC Abichou, T Apiwantragoon, P Lyles, BF Rock, SA TI Field water balance of landfill final covers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID REGIONS; RECHARGE; BARRIER AB Landfill covers are critical to waste containment, yet field performance of specific cover designs has not been well documented and seldom been compared in side-by-side testing. A study was conducted to assess the ability of landfill final covers to control percolation into underlying waste. Conventional covers employing resistive barriers as well as alternative covers relying on water-storage principles were monitored in large (10 X 20 in), instrumented drainage lysimeters over a range of climates at 11 field sites in the United States. Surface runoff was a small fraction of the water balance (0-10%, 4% on average) and was nearly insensitive to the cover slope, cover design, or climate. Lateral drainage from internal drainage layers was also a small fraction of the water balance (0-5.0%, 2.0% on average). Average percolation rates for the conventional covers with composite barriers (geomembrane over fine soil) typically were less than 12 mm/yr (1.4% of precipitation) at humid locations and 1.5 mm/yr (0.4% of precipitation) at arid, semiarid, and subhumid locations. Average percolation rates for conventional covers with soil barriers in humid climates were between 52 and 195 mm/yr (6-17% of precipitation), probably due to preferential flow through defects in the soil harrier. Average percolation rates for alternative covers ranged between 33 and 160 mm/yr (6 and 18% of precipitation) in humid climates and generally less than 2.2 mm/yr (0.4% of precipitation) in arid, semiarid, and subhumid climates. One-half (five) of the alternative covers in arid, semiarid, and subhumid climates transmitted less than 0.1 mm of percolation, but two transmitted much more percolation (26.8 and 52 mm) than anticipated during design. The data collected support conclusions from other studies that detailed, site-specific design procedures are very important for successful performance of alternative landfill covers. C1 Univ & Community Coll Syst Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Geo Engn Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Battelle Pacific NW Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Langan Engn & Environm Serv Inc, Elmwood Pk, NJ 07407 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Albright, WH (reprint author), Univ & Community Coll Syst Nevada, Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM bill@dri.edu NR 36 TC 87 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 2317 EP 2332 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 872WW UT WOS:000225240900038 PM 15537955 ER PT J AU Matsuda, A Mayer, KM Forney, JD AF Matsuda, A Mayer, KM Forney, JD TI Identification of single nucleotide mutations that prevent developmentally programmed DNA elimination in Paramecium tetraurelia SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ciliate; IES; macronuclear development; macronucleus; mariner/Tc1 ID TETRAHYMENA-THERMOPHILA; GENOMIC REARRANGEMENTS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; CILIATED PROTOZOA; SEQUENCES; EXCISION; GENE; DELETION; AURELIA; MICROHETEROGENEITY AB The excision of internal eliminated sequences (IESs) occurs during the differentiation of a new somatic macronuclear genome in ciliated protozoa. In Paramecium tetraurelia, IESs show few conserved features with the exception of an invariant 5'-TA-3' dinucleotide that is part of an 8-bp inverted terminal repeat consensus sequence with similarity to the ends of mariner/Tc 1 transposons. We have isolated and analyzed two mutant cell lines that are defective in excision of individual IESs in the A-51 surface antigen gene. Each cell line contains a mutation in the flanking 5'-TA-3' dinucleotide of IES6435 and IES 1835 creating a 5'-CA-3' flanking sequence that prevents excision. The results demonstrate that the first position of the 5'-TA-3' is required IES excision just as previous mutants have shown that the second position (the A residue) is required. Combining these results with other Paramecium IES mutants suggests that there are few positions essential for IES excision in Paramecium. Analysis of many IESs reveals that there is a strong bias against particular nucleotides at some positions near the IES termini. Some of these strongly biased positions correspond to known IES mutations, others correlate with unusual features of excision. Key Words. Ciliate, IES, macronuclear development, macronucleus, mariner/Tc I. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Forney, JD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, 175 S Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM forney@purdue.edu NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PROTOZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1066-5234 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 6 BP 664 EP 669 DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2004.tb00606.x PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 883JO UT WOS:000226007600012 PM 15666724 ER PT J AU Yan, W Kabalnova, L Sukpirom, N Zhang, S Lerner, M AF Yan, W Kabalnova, L Sukpirom, N Zhang, S Lerner, M TI Graphite intercalation chemistry with large fluoroanions SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Fluorine Chemistry CY MAY 09-11, 2004 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP 155th Univ Ind Cooperat Res Comm Fluorine Chem, Japan Soc Promot Sci DE graphite; intercalation; fluoroanions; X-ray diffraction ID BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONYL) IMIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION; PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONATE; EXFOLIATION; COMPOUND AB The syntheses and structures of graphite intercalations compounds (GIC's) containing perfluoroalkylimide, perfluoroalkylsulfonate, or perfluoroalkylborate ester anions are described. Synthetic methods include both chemical oxidation, typically performed using K2MnF6 in concentrated hydrofluoric or hydrofluoric/nitric acids, and electrochemical oxidation using a nitromethane-based electrolyte. These large fluoroanions generate larger and more complex intercalate galleries than are generally known for GIC's. The anion packing effects on intercalate orientation and conformation is described. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Lawrence Berkeley Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lerner, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM michael.lerner@orst.edu NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 125 IS 11 BP 1703 EP 1707 DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.09.007 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 881TS UT WOS:000225892900016 ER PT J AU Williams, MC Utz, BR Moore, KM AF Williams, MC Utz, BR Moore, KM TI DOE FE distributed generation program SO JOURNAL OF FUEL CELL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science and Technology CY MAR 07-11, 2004 CL Univ Connecticut, Hartford, CT HO Univ Connecticut AB The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy's (FE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), in partnership with private industries, is leading the development and demonstration of high efficiency solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and fuel cell turbine hybrid power generation systems for near term distributed generation (DG) markets with an emphasis on premium power and high reliability NETL is partnering with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in developing new directions in research under the Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) initiative for the development and commercialization of modular low cost, and fuel flexible SOFC systems. The SECA initiative, through advanced materials, processing and system integration research and development, will bring the fuel cell cost to $400 per kilowatt (kW) for stationary and auxiliary power unit (APU) markets. The President of the U.S. has launched us into a new hydrogen economy. The logic of a hydrogen economy is compelling. The movement to a hydrogen economy will accomplish several strategic goals. The U.S. can use its own domestic resources-solar wind, hydro, and coal. The U.S. uses 20 percent of the world's oil but has only 3 percent of resources. Also, the U.S. can reduce green house gas emissions. Clear Skies and Climate Change initiatives aim to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2 nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. SOFCs have no emissions, so they figure significantly in these DOE strategies. In addition, DG-SOFCs, reforming,. energy storage-has significant benefit for enhanced security and reliability. The use of fuel cells in cars is expected to bring about the hydrogen economy. However commercialization of fuel cells is expected to proceed first through portable and stationary applications. This logic says to develop SOFCs for a wide range of stationary and APU applications, initially for conventional fuels, then switch to hydrogen. Like all fuel cells, the SOFC will operate even better on hydrogen than conventional fuels. The SOFC hybrid is a key part of the FutureGen plants. FutureGen is a major new Presidential initiative to produce hydrogen from coal. The highly efficient SOFC hybrid plant will produce electric power and other parts of the plant could produce hydrogen and sequester CO2. The hydrogen produced can be used in fuel cell cars and for SOFC DG applications. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Williams, MC (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 880,3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM mark.williams@netl.doe.gov NR 10 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1550-624X J9 J FUEL CELL SCI TECH JI J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 1 IS 1 BP 18 EP 20 DI 10.1115/1.1782920 PG 3 GA 046XN UT WOS:000237844500004 ER PT J AU Goens, SD Botero, S Zemla, A Zhou, CE Perdue, ML AF Goens, SD Botero, S Zemla, A Zhou, CE Perdue, ML TI Bovine enterovirus 2: complete genomic sequence and molecular modelling of a reference strain and a wild-type isolate from endemically infected US cattle SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; CLASSIFICATION; PREDICTION; VIRUS; INACTIVATION; FEATURES; REGIONS; MANURE; CALF AB Bovine enteroviruses are members of the family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus. Whilst little is known about their pathogenic potential, they are apparently endemic in some cattle and cattle environments. Only one of the two current serotypes has been sequenced completely. In this report, the entire genome sequences of bovine enterovirus 2 (BEV-2) strain PS87 and a recent isolate from an endemically infected herd in Maryland, USA (Wye3A) are presented. The recent isolate clearly segregated phylogenetically with sequences representing the BEV-2 serotype, as did other isolates from the endemic herd. The Wye3A isolate shared 82% nucleotide sequence identity with the PS87 strain and 68% identity with a BEV-1 strain (VG5-27). Comparison of BEV-2 and BEV-1 deduced protein sequences revealed 72-73% identity and showed that most differences were single amino acid changes or single deletions, with the exception of the VP1 protein, where both BEV-2 sequences were 7 aa shorter than that of BEV-1. Homology modelling of the capsid proteins of BEV-2 against protein database entries for picornaviruses indicated six significant differences among bovine enteroviruses and other members of the family Picornaviridae. Five of these were on the 'rim' of the proposed enterovirus receptor-binding site or 'canyon' (VP1) and one was near the base of the canyon (VP3). Two of these regions varied enough to distinguish BEV-2 from BEV-1 strains. This is the first report and analysis of full-length sequences for BEV-2. Continued analysis of these wild-type strains should yield useful information for genotyping enteroviruses and modelling enterovirus capsid structure. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Comp Applicat & Res Dept, Bioinformat Chem & Biol Nat Secur Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Perdue, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mperdue@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 85 BP 3195 EP 3203 DI 10.1099/vir.0.80159-0 PN 11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 866JI UT WOS:000224769400003 PM 15483232 ER PT J AU Tung, CS Goodman, JL Lu, H Macken, CA AF Tung, CS Goodman, JL Lu, H Macken, CA TI Homology model of the structure of influenza B virus HA1 SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; HEMAGGLUTININ; RECEPTOR; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; BINDING; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Influenza B virus is one of two types of influenza virus that cause substantial morbidity and mortality in humans, the other being influenza A virus. The inability to provide lasting protection to humans against influenza B virus infection is due, in part, to antigenic drift of the viral surface glycoprotein, haemagglutinin (HA). Studies of the antigenicity of the HA of influenza B virus have been hampered by lack of knowledge of its structure. To address this gap, two possible models have been inferred for this structure, based on two known structures of the homologous HA of the influenza A virus (subtypes H3 and H9). Statistical, structural and functional analyses of these models suggested that they matched important details of experimental observations and did not differ from each other in any substantive way. These models were used to investigate two HA sites at which viral variants appeared to carry a selective advantage. It was found that each of these sites coevolved with nearby sites to compensate for either size or charge changes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Macken, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cmacken@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 85 BP 3249 EP 3259 DI 10.1099/vir.0.80021-0 PN 11 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 866JI UT WOS:000224769400009 PM 15483238 ER PT J AU Feldmann, T Hurth, T AF Feldmann, T Hurth, T TI Non-factorizable contributions to B ->pi pi decays SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE rare decays; B-physics; CP violation; QCD ID COLLINEAR EFFECTIVE THEORY; LIGHT FORM-FACTORS; PI-PI DECAYS; B-DECAYS; QCD FACTORIZATION; ISOSPIN ANALYSIS; CP VIOLATION; ASYMMETRY; MODEL; PARAMETERS AB We investigate to what extent the experimental information on B --> pipi branching fractions and CP asymmetries can be used to better understand the QCD dynamics in these decays. For this purpose we decompose the independent isospin amplitudes into factorizable and non-factorizable contributions. The former can be estimated within the framework of QCD factorization for exclusive B decays. The latter vanish in the heavy-quark limit, m(b) --> infinity, and are treated as unknown hadronic parameters. We discuss at some length in which way the non-factorizable contributions are treated in different theoretical and phenomenological frameworks. We point out the potential differences between the phenomenological treatment of power-corrections in the "BBNS approach", and the appearance of power-suppressed operators in soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). On that basis we define a handful of different (but generic) scenarios where the non-factorizable part of isospin amplitudes is parametrized in terms of three or four unknowns, which can be constrained by data. We also give some short discussion on the implications of our analysis for B --> piK decays. In particular, since non-factorizable QCD effects in B --> pipi may be large, we cannot exclude sizeable non-factorizable effects, which violate SU(3)(F) flavour symmetry, or even isospin symmetry (via long-distance QED effects). This may help to explain certain puzzles in connection with isospin-violating observables in B --> piK decays. C1 CERN, Dept Phys, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP CERN, Dept Phys, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM thorsten.feldmann@cern.ch; tobias.hurth@cern.ch NR 57 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 11 AR 037 PG 34 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 891JI UT WOS:000226576700037 ER PT J AU Grossman, Y Kashti, T Nir, Y Roulet, E AF Grossman, Y Kashti, T Nir, Y Roulet, E TI New ways to soft leptogenesis SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE baryogenesis; supersymmetric standard model; neutrino physics; CP violation ID BARYOGENESIS; DECAYS; MASS AB Soft supersymmetry breaking terms involving heavy singlet sneutrinos provide new sources of lepton number violation and of CP violation. In addition to the CP violation in mixing, investigated previously, we find that 'soft leptogenesis' can be generated by CP violation in decay and in the interference of mixing and decay. These additional ways to leptogenesis can be significant for a singlet neutrino Majorana mass that is not much larger than the supersymmetry breaking scale, M less than or similar to 10(2)m(SUSY). In contrast to CP violation in mixing, for some of these new contributions the sneutrino oscillation rate can be much faster than the decay rate, so that the bilinear scalar term need not be smaller than its natural scale. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Ctr Atom Bariloche, CONICET, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM yuvalg@physics.technion.ac.il; tamar.kashti@weizmann.ac.il; yosef.nir@weizmann.ac.il; roulet@cab.cnea.gov.ar NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 11 AR 080 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 891JI UT WOS:000226576700080 ER PT J AU Saltman, A Silverstein, E AF Saltman, A Silverstein, E TI The scaling of the no-scale potential and De-Sitter model building SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE superstrings and heterotic strings; superstring vacua ID SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STRING THEORY; CALABI-YAU AB We propose a variant of the KKLT (A)dS flux vacuum construction which does not require an antibrane to source the volume modulus. The strategy is to find nonzero local minima of the no-scale potential in the complex structure and dilaton directions in moduli space. The corresponding no-scale potential expanded about this point sources the volume modulus in the same way as does the antibrane of the KKLT construction. We exhibit explicit examples of such nonzero local minima of the no-scale potential in a simple toroidal orientifold model. C1 Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM saltman@stanford.edu; evas@slac.stanford.edu NR 27 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 IS 11 AR 066 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/11/066 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 891JI UT WOS:000226576700066 ER PT J AU Mendez, AJ Gagliardi, RM Hernandez, VJ Bennett, CV Lennon, WJ AF Mendez, AJ Gagliardi, RM Hernandez, VJ Bennett, CV Lennon, WJ TI High-performance optical CDMA system based on 2-D optical orthogonal codes SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE access protocols; code-division multiple access (CDMA); codes; encoding; multiaccess communication; numerical modeling; optical fiber communication ID HIGH-SPEED; NETWORKS; DESIGN; TRANSMISSION; RECEIVER AB Optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) is an interesting subject of research because of its potential to support asynchronous, bursty communications. OCDMA has been investigated for local area networks, access networks, and, more recently, as a packet label for emerging networks. Two-dimensional (2-D) OCDMA codes are preferred in current research because of the flexibility of designing the codes and their higher cardinality and spectral efficiency (SE) compared with direct sequence codes based on ON-OFF keying and intensity modulation/direct detection, and because they lend themselves to being implemented with devices developed for wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission (the 2-D codes typically combine wavelength and time as the two dimensions of the codes). This paper shows rigorously that 2-D wavelength/time codes have better SE than one-dimensional (1-D) CDMA/WDM combinations (of the same cardinality). Then, the paper describes a specific set of wavelength/time (W/T) codes and their implementation. These 2-D codes are high performance because they simultaneously have high cardinality (much greater than10), per-user high bandwidth (>1 Gb/s), and high SE (>0.10 b/s/Hz). The physical implementation of these WIT codes is described and their performance evaluated by system simulations and measurements on an OCDMA technology demonstrator. This research shows that OCDMA implementation complexity (e.g., incorporating double hard-limiting and interference estimation) can be avoided by using a guard time in the codes and an optical hard limiter in the receiver. C1 Mendez R&D Associates, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Mendez, AJ (reprint author), Mendez R&D Associates, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. EM MendezRDA@aol.com RI Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009; Hernandez, Vincent/C-2522-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739; NR 29 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 11 BP 2409 EP 2419 DI 10.1109/JLT.2004.837296 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 868OW UT WOS:000224923900006 ER PT J AU Brammeier, DP Park, JM Olson, CG Fisher, IR Lynch, DW AF Brammeier, DP Park, JM Olson, CG Fisher, IR Lynch, DW TI Magneto-optic spectrum and electronic structure of single-crystal MnBi SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magneto-optics; electronic structure; photoelectron spectroscopy; MnBi; Kerr effect ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS; GDCO2; MNO; BI AB Single crystals of MnBi were used for magneto-optic Kerr-angle spectroscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy. The Kerr-angle peak at 3.35 eV was observed for our nearly oxygen-free bulk samples, but the role of the oxide overlayer, demonstrated by Auger spectroscopy, as a possible origin of this peak cannot fully be assessed. The energy bands from photoelectron spectroscopy were in general agreement with calculated band structures, but were not extensive enough, due to sample cleavage properties, to distinguish reliably between band-structure calculations that disagree. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lynch, DW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dwl@ameslab.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 283 IS 1 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.130 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 871TX UT WOS:000225157600013 ER PT J AU Farrell, D Cheng, YH Ding, Y Yamamuro, S Sanchez-Hanke, C Kao, CC Majetich, SA AF Farrell, D Cheng, YH Ding, Y Yamamuro, S Sanchez-Hanke, C Kao, CC Majetich, SA TI Dipolar interactions and structural coherence in iron nanoparticle arrays SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Advanced Magnetic Technologies (ISAMT 2003) CY NOV 13-16, 2003 CL Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, TAIWAN SP Taiwan Assoc Magnet Technol, Opto Elect & Syst Lab, ITRI HO Acad Sinica, Inst Phys DE magnetic nanoparticle; dipolar interaction; array ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PARTICLES; DYNAMICS; ORDER AB Self-assembled arrays of iron nanoparticles are characterized structurally by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering, and magnetically by low-temperature hysteresis loops and magnetic relaxation. The differences in the magnetic properties are related to the strength of magnetic dipolar interactions and to the degree of structural ordering in the arrays. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Nagoya Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4668555, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Majetich, SA (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sara@cmu.edu RI Majetich, Sara/B-1022-2015 OI Majetich, Sara/0000-0003-0848-9317 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 282 SI SI BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.025 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 866ZF UT WOS:000224811200002 ER PT J AU Chinn, D Ostendorp, P Haugh, M Kershmann, R Kurfess, T Claudet, A Tucker, T AF Chinn, D Ostendorp, P Haugh, M Kershmann, R Kurfess, T Claudet, A Tucker, T TI Three dimensional imaging of LIGA-made microcomponents SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION; ULTRAMICROTOMY AB Nickel and nickel-alloy microparts sized on the order of 5-1000 microns have been imaged in three dimensions using a new microscopic technique, Digital Volumetric Imaging (DVI). The gears were fabricated using Sandia National Laboratories' LIGA technology (lithography, molding, and electroplating). The images were taken on a microscope built by Resolution Sciences Corporation by slicing the gear into one-micron thin slices, photographing each slice, and then reconstructing the image with software. The images were matched to the original CAD (computer aided design) model, allowing LIGA designers, for the first time, to see visually how much deviation from the design is induced by the manufacturing process. Calibration was done by imaging brass ball bearings and matching them to the CAD model of a sphere. A major advantage of DVI over scanning techniques is that internal defects can be imaged to very high resolution. In order to perform the metrology operations on the microcomponents, high-speed and high-precision algorithms are developed for coordinate metrology. The algorithms are based on a least-squares approach to data registration the {X, Y, Z} point clouds generated from the component surface onto a target geometry defined in a CAD model. Both primitive geometric element analyses as well as an overall comparison of the part geometry are discussed. Initial results of the micromeasurements are presented in the paper. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Resolut Sci Corp, Mill Valley, CA 94941 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Chinn, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS0603, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dachinn@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1087-1357 J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 813 EP 821 DI 10.1115/1.1812774 PG 9 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 901GD UT WOS:000227270100024 ER PT J AU Lubguban, JA Gangopadhyay, S Lahlouh, B Rajagopalan, T Biswas, N Sun, J Huang, DH Simon, SL Mallikarjunan, A Kim, HC Hedstrom, J Volksen, W Miller, RD Toney, MF AF Lubguban, JA Gangopadhyay, S Lahlouh, B Rajagopalan, T Biswas, N Sun, J Huang, DH Simon, SL Mallikarjunan, A Kim, HC Hedstrom, J Volksen, W Miller, RD Toney, MF TI Supercritical CO2 extraction of porogen phase: An alternative route to nanoporous dielectrics SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXTRACTION; SCATTERING PROPERTIES; SELECTIVE EXTRACTION; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; METAL-IONS; CITRUS OIL; WAVE MODEL; FILMS; MICROEMULSIONS; MORPHOLOGIES AB We present a supercritical CO2 (SCCO2) process for the preparation of nanoporous organosilicate thin films for ultralow dielectric constant materials. The porous structure was generated by SCCO2 extraction of a sacrificial poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) from a nanohybrid film, where the nanoscopic domains of PPG porogen are entrapped within the crosslinked poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSSQ) matrix. As a comparison, porous structures generated by both the usual thermal decomposition (at approximately 450 degreesC and by a SCCO2 process for 25 and 55 wt% porogen loadings were evaluated. It is found that the SCCO2 process is effective in removing the porogen phase at relatively low temperatures (<200 degreesC through diffusion of the supercritical fluid into the phase-separated nanohybrids and selective extraction of the porogen phase. Pore morphologies generated from the two methods are compared from representative three-dimensional (3D) images built from small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) data. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Integrated Elect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. IBM Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. SSRL, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Gangopadhyay, S (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM gangopadhyays@missouri.edu RI Simon, Sindee/M-9372-2013; OI Simon, Sindee/0000-0001-7498-2826; Thiruvengadathan, Rajagopalan/0000-0001-9609-3245 NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 19 IS 11 BP 3224 EP 3233 DI 10.1557/JMR.2004.0413 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 867LI UT WOS:000224843700015 ER PT J AU Sperling, EA Anderson, PM Hay, JL AF Sperling, EA Anderson, PM Hay, JL TI Correlation of stress state and nanohardness via heat treatment of nickel-aluminide multilayer thin films SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NANOSCALE METALLIC MULTILAYERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOINDENTATION; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES; SUBSTRATE; STABILITY; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; STRENGTH AB Heat treatment of gamma-Ni(Al)/gamma'-Ni3Al multilayer thin films demonstrates that multilayer hardness correlates with the magnitude of biaxial stress in alternating layers. Films with a columnar grain morphology and (001) texture were fabricated over a range of volume fraction and bilayer thickness via direct current magnetron sputtering onto NaCl (001) substrates at 623 K' The films were removed from substrates, heat-treated at either 673 K or 1073 K in argon, and then mounted for nanoindentation and x-ray diffraction. The biaxial stress state in each phase was furnished from x-ray diffraction measurement of (002) interplanar spacings. The 673 K treatment increases the magnitude of alternating biaxial stress state by 70 to 100% and increases hardness by 25 to 100%, depending on bilayer thickness. In contrast, the 1073 K heat treatment decreases the stress magnitude by 70% and decreases hardness by 50%. The results suggest that the yield strength of these thin films is controlled, in part, by the magnitude of internal stress. Further, thermal treatments are demonstrated to be an effective means to manipulate internal stress. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. MTS Syst Corp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Sperling, EA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM evan.a.sperling@intel.com NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 19 IS 11 BP 3374 EP 3381 DI 10.1557/JMR.2004.0435 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 867LI UT WOS:000224843700032 ER PT J AU Hemrick, J Lara-Curzio, E Liu, K AF Hemrick, J Lara-Curzio, E Liu, K TI Mechanical properties of thermally cycled nylon bonded Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITES AB The effect of thermal cycling on the stress-strain behavior of polyamide (nylon) and polyphenylene-sulfide (PPS) based injection molded Nd-Fe-B magnets was investigated after test specimens were cycled between -40 and 150degreesC for 50, 500, or 5000 repetitions. It was found that PPS based magnets exhibit higher ultimate strengths, higher modulus and lower toughness than nylon based magnets. Furthermore, formulations containing platelet morphology particles exhibited higher strengths and modulus than those containing spherical morphology particles, with increases in particle volume fraction leading to a decrease in strength. Differences in strength, modulus, and toughness were attributed to the degree of bonding between the matrix and the magnet powder in the various formulations, the degree of crosslinking, along with the effects of powder morphology. Additionally, it was found that while the stiffness of these materials increased with thermal cycling, their toughness decreased significantly, by as much as 99%. The extent of these effects was found to be dependent on the polymer matrix, powder morphology, and volume fraction of powder in the magnet. Finally, it was found that the PPS composites showed less relative change due to thermal cycling than the Nylon composites. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Magnequench Tech Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hemrick, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hemrickjg@ornl.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 21 BP 6509 EP 6522 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000044890.42857.7a PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 880CV UT WOS:000225767500013 ER PT J AU Carlson, BC AF Carlson, BC TI Symmetry in c, d, n of Jacobian elliptic functions SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Jacobian elliptic functions; symmetric elliptic integral AB The relation connecting the symmetric elliptic integral R-F with the Jacobian elliptic functions is symmetric in the first three of the four letters c, d, n, and s that are used in ordered pairs to name the 12 functions. Delta symbol A(p,q) = ps(2)(u,k) - qs(2)(u,k), p, q epsilon {c,d,n}, is independent of u and allows formulas for differentiation, bisection, duplication, and addition to remain valid when c, d, and n are permuted. The five transformations of first order, which change the argument and modulus of the functions, take a unified form in which they correspond to the five nontrivial permutations of c, d, and n. There are 18 transformations of second order (including Landen's and Gauss's transformations) comprising three sets of six. The sets are related by permutations of the original functions cs, ds, and ns, and there are only three sets because each set is symmetric in two of these. The six second-order transformations in each set are related by first-order transformations of the transformed functions, and all 18 take a unified form. All results are derived from properties of RF without invoking Weierstrass functions or theta functions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Carlson, BC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bcarlson@ameslab.gov NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-247X J9 J MATH ANAL APPL JI J. Math. Anal. Appl. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 299 IS 1 BP 242 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.jmaa.2004.06.049 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 861TN UT WOS:000224441600020 ER PT J AU Kim, YS Hickner, MA Dong, LM Pivovar, BS McGrath, JE AF Kim, YS Hickner, MA Dong, LM Pivovar, BS McGrath, JE TI Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer proton exchange membranes: composition and morphology effects on the methanol permeability SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ion-exchange membrane; disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers; liquid permeability and separation; acidification treatment; direct methanol fuel cells ID RANDOM STATISTICAL COPOLYMERS; FUEL-CELLS; DIRECT POLYMERIZATION; WATER-UPTAKE; CROSSOVER; TRANSPORT; IONOMERS; HYDROGELS; BEHAVIOR; AFM AB Methanol permeability of directly copolymerized 4,4'-biphenot based disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers (BPSH) was investigated with reference to utility as a proton exchange membrane (PEM) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Water uptake and dynamic mechanical analysis were coupled with previous observations that the PEM can have two functional morphological regimes, which depend on the degree of disulfonation (copolymer composition), acidification method, and hydrothermal treatment. The two regimes are observed by AFM to represent: (1) a "closed" structure where the hydrophilic copolymer chain segments essentially aggregate as isolated domains; or (2) an "open" structure where the domain connectivity of the hydrophilic phase of the copolymers is achieved. It was demonstrated that methanol permeability (25 degreesC) of the copolymers abruptly increased at copolymer compositions and processing conditions that influenced the membrane morphology to change from a closed to a much more open structure. The activation energy in the closed structure regime, similar to20 kJ/mol, was about 35% higher than that in the open regime, similar to15 kJ/mol. The BPSH copolymers had higher selectivity (i.e. proton conductivity/permeability) than Nation because of their remarkably lower methanol permeability, suggesting these materials hold promise for improved DMFC performance. Selectivity increased with the degree of disulfonation in closed structures, but decreased in the open structure regime. It is suggested that the optimum concentration of proton conducting groups for DMFC should be observed at or near the percolation threshold. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Tech, Inst Polymer Mat & Interfaces, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CSIRO, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. RP McGrath, JE (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jmcgrath@vt.edu NR 32 TC 169 Z9 169 U1 5 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 243 IS 1-2 BP 317 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.035 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 860TL UT WOS:000224366100034 ER PT J AU Li, LX Dong, JH Nenoff, TM Lee, R AF Li, LX Dong, JH Nenoff, TM Lee, R TI Desalination by reverse osmosis using MFI zeolite membranes SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE zeolite membrane; reverse osmosis; desalination ID SIMULATION; HYDRATION; IONS AB This paper reports an experimental study on the reverse osmosis desalination of aqueous solutions using alpha-alumina-supported MFI-type zeolite membranes. A Na+ rejection of 76.7% with a water flux of about 0.112 kg m(-2) h(-1) was obtained for a 0.1 M NaCl feed solution under an applied pressure of 2.07 MPa. For a complex feed solution containing 0.1 M NaCl + 0.1 M KCl + 0.1 M NH4Cl + 0.1 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M MgCl2, rejections of Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ reached 58.1%, 62.6%, 79.9%, 80.7%, and 88.4%, respectively, with a water flux of 0.058 kg m(-2) h(-1), after 145 h of operation at an applied pressure of 2.4 MPa. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Petr Recovery Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dong, JH (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM jhdong@nmt.edu NR 14 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 243 IS 1-2 BP 401 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.045 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 860TL UT WOS:000224366100042 ER PT J AU Qiu, XY Hurt, RA Wu, LY Chen, CH Tiedje, JM Zhou, Z AF Qiu, XY Hurt, RA Wu, LY Chen, CH Tiedje, JM Zhou, Z TI Detection and quantification of copper-denitrifying bacteria by quantitative competitive PCR SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE copper-denitrifying bacteria; quantitative competitive PCR; denitrification ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REDUCTASE GENES NIRK; MESSENGER-RNA; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; DNA; SOILS; ASSAY; TOLUENE; SEDIMENTS AB We developed a quantitative competitive PCR (QC-PCR) system to detect and quantify copper-denitrifying bacteria in environmental samples. The primers were specific to copper-dependent nitrite reductase gene (nirK). We were able to detect about 200 copeis of nirK in the presence of abundant non-specific target DNA and about 1.2 x 10(3) Pseudomonas sp. G-179 cells from one gram of sterilized soil by PCR amplification. A 312-bp nirK internal standard (IS) was constructed, which showed very similar amplification efficiency with the target nirK fragment (349 bp) over 4 orders of magnitude (10(3)-10(6)). The accuracy of this system was evaluated by quantifying various known amount of nirK DNA. The linear regressions were obtained with a R(2) of 0.9867 for 10(3) copies of nirK, 0.9917 for 10(4) copies of nirK, 0.9899 for 10(5) copies of nirK and 0.9846 for 10(6) copies of nirK. A high correlation between measured nirK and calculated nirK (slope of 1.0398, R(2)=0.9992) demonstrated that an accurate measurement could be achieved with this system. Using this method, we quantified nirK in several A-horizon and stream sediment samples from eastern Tennessee. In general, the abundance of nir-K was in the range of 10(8)-10(9) copies g soil(-1) dry weight. The nirK content in the soil samples appeared correlated with NH(4)(N) content in the soil. The activities of copper-denitrifying bacteria were evaluated by quantifying cDNA of nirK. In most of sample examined, the content of nirK cDNA was less than 10(5) copies g soil(-1) dry weight. Higher nirK cDNA content (>10(6) copies g soil(-1) dry weight) was detected from both sediment samples at Rattlebox Creek and the Walker Branch West Ridge. Although the stream sediment samples at the Walker Branch West Ridge contained less half of the nirK gene content as compared to A-horizon sample, the activities of copper-denitrifying bacteria were almost 600 times higher than in the A-horizon sample. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhou, Z (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhouj@ornl.gov RI Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011 NR 40 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD NOV PY 2004 VL 59 IS 2 BP 199 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.07.008 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 860SI UT WOS:000224363000006 PM 15369856 ER PT J AU Griffiths, SK Crowell, JAW Kistler, BL Dryden, AS AF Griffiths, SK Crowell, JAW Kistler, BL Dryden, AS TI Dimensional errors in LIGA-produced metal structures due to thermal expansion and swelling of PMMA SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LITHOGRAPHY; STRUCTURE QUALITY; DEEP; TEMPERATURE; COATINGS; ACCURACY AB Numerical methods are used to examine dimensional errors in metal structures microfabricated by the LIGA process. These errors result from elastic displacements of the PMMA mould during electrodeposition and arise from thermal expansion of the PMMA when electroforming is performed at elevated temperatures and from PMMA swelling due to absorption of water from aqueous electrolytes. Both numerical solutions and simple analytical approximations describing PMMA displacements for idealized linear and axisymmetric geometries are presented and discussed. We find that such displacements result in tapered metal structures having sidewall slopes up to 14 mum per millimetre of height for linear structures bounded by large areas of PMMA. Tapers for curved structures are of similar magnitude, but these structures are additionally skewed from the vertical. Potential remedies for reducing dimensional errors are also discussed. Here we find that auxiliary moat-like features patterned into the PMMA surrounding mould cavities can reduce taper by an order of magnitude or more. Such moats dramatically reduce tapers for all structures, but increase skew for curved structures when the radius of curvature is comparable to the structure height. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Griffiths, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1548 EP 1557 AR PII S0960-1317(04)79765-X DI 10.1088/0960-1317/14/11/017 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 875HT UT WOS:000225411700017 ER PT J AU Viola, L AF Viola, L TI Advances in decoherence control SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics CY JAN 04-08, 2004 CL Snowbird, UT ID QUANTUM-SYSTEMS; 1/F NOISE; SUPPRESSION; COMPUTATION; CODES AB I address the current status of dynamical decoupling techniques in terms of required control resources and feasibility. Based on recent advances in both improving the theoretical design and assessing the control performance for specific noise models, I argue that significant progress may still be possible on the road to implementing decoupling under realistic constraints. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM lorenza.viola@dartmouth.edu NR 54 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 EI 1362-3044 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 16-18 SI SI BP 2357 EP 2367 DI 10.1080/09500340408231795 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 885MI UT WOS:000226160700003 ER PT J AU Glover, TE Ackermann, GD Hussain, Z Padmore, HA AF Glover, TE Ackermann, GD Hussain, Z Padmore, HA TI Laser pump and X-ray probe surface photovoltage spectroscopy on Si(111) SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics CY JAN 04-08, 2004 CL Snowbird, UT ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; RECOMBINATION; DYNAMICS AB Laser pump and X-ray probe core-level photoemission experiments probe surface photovoltage transients on p-type Si(111) surfaces. The data are consistent with a picture where the dynamics of mobile surface charge dominate the photovoltage shift, with changes in the surface-states charge density of only secondary importance. A value for the equilibrium band bending is determined, which suggests that a residual oxide layer reduces the density of surface states. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 2-345, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM teglover@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 EI 1362-3044 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 51 IS 16-18 SI SI BP 2805 EP 2811 DI 10.1080/09500340408231839 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 885MI UT WOS:000226160700047 ER PT J AU Chen, W Zhang, JZ Joly, AG AF Chen, W Zhang, JZ Joly, AG TI Optical properties and potential applications of doped semiconductor nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE semiconductors; dopants; nanoparticles; luminescence; upconversion; spintronics; confinement; energy transfer; sensors ID ANTI-STOKES PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ZNS-MN NANOPARTICLES; UP-CONVERSION LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; RARE-EARTH IONS; QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; ZNS-MN2+ NANOPARTICLES; THIN-FILMS; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS AB Recent studies on the optical properties, in particular, luminescence, of a variety of doped semiconductor nanoparticles are reviewed. The effects of quantum confinement, temperature and pressure on luminescent properties are discussed. In addition, electroluminescence, cathodoluminescence, magnetoluminescence and related applications involving doped semiconductor nanoparticles are presented. A new phenomenon, upconversion luminescence of doped nanoparticles, is reviewed and its potential applications are discussed. While more research efforts are necessary in order to fully understand the fundamentals and explore the great technological potential behind doped nanoparticles, recent results already show that this is a new and exciting field with applications in many areas. In particular, the emerging field of "spintronics", where spin states are exploited in analogy to conventional electronic states, is discussed and the advantages of using doped semiconductor nanoparticles are elucidated. C1 Nomad Inc, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Nomad Inc, 1024 S Innovat Way, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. NR 152 TC 176 Z9 177 U1 15 U2 108 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 8 BP 919 EP 947 DI 10.1166/jnn.2004.142 PG 29 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 881MQ UT WOS:000225872000001 PM 15656184 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Reutter, BW O'Neil, JP La Belle, M Huesman, RH VanBrocklin, HF AF Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Reutter, BW O'Neil, JP La Belle, M Huesman, RH VanBrocklin, HF TI Kinetic analysis of F-18-fluorodihydrorotenone as a deposited myocardial flow tracer: Comparison to Tl-201 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE myocardial perfusion; 18F-fluorodihydrorotenone; PET ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; BLOOD-FLOW; N-13 AMMONIA; NONINVASIVE QUANTIFICATION; THALLIUM UPTAKE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RABBIT HEART; EXTRACTION; PERFUSION AB The goals of this investigation were to assess the accuracy of F-18-fluorodihydrorotenone (F-18-FDHR) as a new deposited myocardial flow tracer and to compare the results to those for (TI)-T-201. Methods: The kinetics of these flow tracers in 22 isolated, erythrocyte- and albumin-perfused rabbit hearts were evaluated over a flow range encountered in patients. The 2 flow tracers plus a vascular reference tracer ((131)\-albumin) were introduced as a bolus through a port just above the aortic cannula. Myocardial extraction, retention, washout, and uptake parameters were computed from the venous outflow curves with the multiple-indicator dilution technique and spectral analysis. Results: The mean +/- SD initial extraction fractions for 18F-FDHR (0.85 +/- 0.07) and (TI)-T-201 (0.87 +/- 0.05) were not significantly different, although the initial extraction fraction for 18F-FDHR declined with flow (P < 0.0001), whereas the initial extraction fraction for 201TI did not. The washout of 201TI was faster (P < 0.001) and more affected by flow (P < 0.05) than was the washout of 18F-FDHR. Except for the initial extraction fraction, 18F-FDHR retention was higher (P < 0.001) and less affected by flow (P <0.05) than was (20)\TI retention. Reflecting its superior retention, the net uptake of F-18-FDHR was better correlated with flow than was that of (20)\TI at both 1 and 15 min after tracer introduction (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Conclusion: The superior correlation of F-18-FDHR uptake with flow indicates that it is a better flow tracer than (20)\TI in the isolated rabbit heart. Compared with the other currently available positron-emitting flow tracers (Rb-82, N-13-ammonia, and O-15-water), F-18-FDHR has the potential of providing excellent image resolution without the need for an on-site cyclotron. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Reutter, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bwreutter@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL25840, R01 HL6087701] NR 38 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1950 EP 1959 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 870VE UT WOS:000225086000031 PM 15534068 ER PT J AU Furutaka, K Harada, H Raman, S AF Furutaka, K Harada, H Raman, S TI Prompt gamma rays emitted in thermal-neutron capture reaction by Tc-99 and its reaction cross section SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermal neutron; capture reaction; cross section; technetium 99; prompt gamma ray; ground-state transitions; primary gamma rays; separation energy ID INTERNAL-CONVERSION; ISOTOPES; TC-100; CALIBRATION; ELEMENTS; STATES; C-13 AB We have studied the primary and secondary gamma rays (a total of similar to1,100) in Tc-100 following thermal-neutron capture by the radioactive Tc-99 isotope. A fraction of these gamma rays have been incorporated into the corresponding level scheme consisting of 36 levels in Tc-100. The determined neutron separation energy (S-n) for Tc-100 is 6,765.20+/-10.04 keV. By Summing the cross sections of all ground-state transitions, we have obtained 21.37+/-0.68 b as a lower limit of the thermal-neutron capture cross section for Tc-99. We have also determined the capture cross section by examining the 540-and 591-keV gamma rays in (RU)-R-100 emitted following the beta(-) decay of Tc-100. The inferred thermal-neutron capture cross section for Tc-99 is 22.8 +/-1.8 b. C1 Japan Nucl Cycle Dev Inst, Ibaraki 3191194, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Furutaka, K (reprint author), Japan Nucl Cycle Dev Inst, Ibaraki 3191194, Japan. EM furutaka@tokai.jnc.go.jp NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ATOMIC ENERGY SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 1-1-13 SHIMBASHI MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105, JAPAN SN 0022-3131 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1033 EP 1046 DI 10.3327/jnst.41.1033 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 886QP UT WOS:000226243700002 ER PT J AU Nunes, C Suryanarayanan, R Botez, CE Stephens, PW AF Nunes, C Suryanarayanan, R Botez, CE Stephens, PW TI Characterization and crystal structure of D-mannitol hemihydrate SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE hydrate; physical characterization; crystal structure; X-ray diffractometry; freeze-drying; thermal analysis; polymorph ID POWDER DIFFRACTION; REFINEMENT AB The objectives of this study were (i) to isolate and characterize mannitol hydrate, and (ii) to solve its crystal structure from high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. Mannitol hydrate was prepared by freeze-drying aqueous mannitol solutions (5% w/v) under controlled conditions. X-ray powder diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analyses indicated that mannitol exists as a hemihydrate (C6H14O6 . 0.5H(2)O). Synchrotron data were collected on the X3B1 beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The simulated annealing program PSSP was used to solve the structure, which was subsequently refined by Rietveld analysis using the program package GSAS. The compound crystallizes in space group P1, with alpha=9.8963 Angstrom, b=10.5424 Angstrom, c=4.7860 Angstrom, alpha=102.589degrees, beta = 86.092degrees, and gamma =116.079degrees. The unit cell contains two dissimilar D-mannitol molecules and one water molecule, forming a hydrogen bonding pattern significantly different from that seen in the anhydrous polymorphs. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Pharmaceut, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Suryanarayanan, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Pharmaceut, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM surya001@umn.edu NR 18 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2800 EP 2809 DI 10.1002/jps.20185 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 867BW UT WOS:000224818100014 PM 15368529 ER PT J AU Smith, RD Gent, PR AF Smith, RD Gent, PR TI Anisotropic Gent-McWilliams parameterization for ocean models SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATION MODELS; LABRADOR SEA; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HORIZONTAL VISCOSITY; TRACER TRANSPORTS; STOCHASTIC-THEORY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; GULF-STREAM; RESOLUTION; TURBULENCE AB An anisotropic generalization of the Gent-McWilliams (GM) parameterization is presented for eddy-induced tracer transport and diffusion in ocean models, and it is implemented in an ocean general circulation model using a functional formalism to derive the spatial discretization. This complements the anisotropic viscosity parameterization recently developed by Smith and McWilliams. The anisotropic GM operator is potentially useful in both coarse- and high-resolution ocean models, and in this study the focus is on its application in high-resolution eddying solutions, for which it provides an adiabatic alternative to the more commonly used biharmonic horizontal diffusion operators. It is shown that realistically high levels of eddy energy can be simulated using harmonic anisotropic diffusion and friction operators. Isotropic forms can also be used, but these tend either to overly damp the solution when a large diffusion coefficient is used or to introduce unacceptable levels of numerical noise when a small coefficient is used. A series of numerical simulations of the North Atlantic Ocean are conducted at 0.2degrees resolution using anisotropic viscosity, anisotropic GM, and biharmonic mixing operators to investigate the effects of the anisotropic forms and to isolate changes in the solutions specifically associated with anisotropic GM. A high-resolution 0.1degrees simulation is then conducted using both anisotropic forms, and the results are compared with a similar run using biharmonic mixing. Modest improvements are seen in the mean wind-driven circulation with the anisotropic forms, but the largest effects are due to the anisotropic GM parameterization, which eliminates the spurious diapycnal diffusion inherent in horizontal tracer diffusion. This leads to significant improvements in the model thermohaline circulation, including the meridional heat transport, meridional overturning circulation, and deep-water formation and convection in the Labrador Sea. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Gent, PR (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM gent@ucar.edu NR 39 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2541 EP 2564 DI 10.1175/JPO2613.1 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 877QK UT WOS:000225584900014 ER PT J AU Wang, JA Liu, KC AF Wang, JA Liu, KC TI A new approach to evaluate fracture toughness of structural materials SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CRACK AB A new method, designated as Spiral Notch Torsion Test (SNTT), is developed recently to measure the intrinsic fracture toughness (K-IC) of structural materials. The SNTT overcomes many of the limitations inherent in traditional techniques and makes it possible to standardize fracture toughness testing. It is uniquely suitable for testing a wide variety of materials used extensively in pressure vessel and piping structural components and weldments, including others such as ceramics, their composites, and concrete. The SNTT system operates by applying pure torsion to uniform cylindrical specimens with a notch line that spirals around the specimen at a 45 deg pitch. The K-IC values are obtained with the aid of a three-dimensional finite-element computer code. TOR3D-KIC, developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The fundamental mechanism of SNTT approach is also described in the paper. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangja@ornl.gov OI Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 534 EP 540 DI 10.1115/1.1804202 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 881ZA UT WOS:000225906900021 ER PT J AU Chromy, BA Gonzales, AD Perkins, J Choi, MW Corzett, MH Chang, BC Corzett, CH McCutchen-Maloney, SL AF Chromy, BA Gonzales, AD Perkins, J Choi, MW Corzett, MH Chang, BC Corzett, CH McCutchen-Maloney, SL TI Proteomic analysis of human serum by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis after depletion of high-abundant proteins SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 2-D DIGE; serum; albumin removal; high-abundant proteins; biomarkers; proteomics ID HUMAN PLASMA PROTEOME; AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ALBUMIN; IDENTIFICATION; BIOMARKERS; CANCER; REMOVAL; SAMPLES; MARKER AB Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) was used to analyze human serum following the removal of albumin and five other high-abundant serum proteins. After protein removal, serum was analyzed by SDS-PAGE as a preliminary screen, and significant differences between four high-abundant protein removal methods were observed. Antibody-based albumin removal and high-abundant protein removal methods were found to be efficient and specific. To further characterize serum after protein removal, 2-D DIGE was employed, enabling multiplexed analysis of serum through the use of three fluorescent protein dyes. Comparison between crude serum and serum after removal of high-abundant proteins clearly illustrates an increase in the number of lower abundant protein spots observed. Approximately 850 protein spots were detected in crude serum whereas over 1500 protein spots were exposed following removal of six high-abundant proteins, representing a 76% increase in protein spot detection. Several proteins that showed a 2-fold increase in intensity after depletion of high-abundant proteins, as well as proteins that were depleted during abundant protein removal methods, were further characterized by mass spectrometry. This series of experiments demonstrates that high-abundant protein removal, combined with 2-D DIGE, is a practical approach for enriching and characterizing lower abundant proteins in human serum. Consequently, this methodology offers advances in proteomic characterization, and therefore, in the identification of biomarkers from human serum. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Biodef Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCutchen-Maloney, SL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Biodef Div, 7000 E Ave,L-452, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM smaloney@llnl.gov OI , /0000-0003-0172-3705 NR 31 TC 134 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 3 IS 6 BP 1120 EP 1127 DI 10.1021/pr049921p PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 881EX UT WOS:000225847300003 PM 15595720 ER PT J AU Gu, S Du, YC Chen, J Liu, ZH Bradbury, EM Hu, CAA Chen, X AF Gu, S Du, YC Chen, J Liu, ZH Bradbury, EM Hu, CAA Chen, X TI Large-scale quantitative proteomic study of PUMA-induced apoptosis using two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with amino acid-coded mass tagging SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE quantitative proteomics; isotope labeling; AACT; 2D-LC; PUMA; apoptosis ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; COLORECTAL-CANCER CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; COMPLEX-MIXTURES; EXPRESSION; ACCURATE; ACTIN; GENE; QUANTIFICATION; SEPARATION AB By coupling two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) with amino acid-coded mass tagging (AACT), we have greatly increased the analytical throughput and sequence coverage of MS-based methods for proteome-wide quantitation. The dynamic range and reproducibility of this 2D-LC-AACT quantitative approach were evaluated by profiling the mixtures with different ratios of E. coli cells grown in either regular or AACT medium. A SQL-based high thoughput MASCOT data analysis tool was developed for proteomic data sorting and mining. We investigated the early stage of apoptosis by inducing the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) through the analyses of the relative ratios of the pairwise isotope signals that were originated from the control and labeled PUMA-induced cells. In 20-hour 2D-LC-MS/MS run, 480 proteins were conclusively identified, and more than half of them were quantified. A noteworthy change in the quantitative profile was that histories and a ubiquitin conjugate protein UBC9, which are involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair were significantly down-regulated in the PUMA-overexpressing apoptotic cells, suggesting the detection of DSB in the apoptotic process. The quantitative profiling efficiency of this approach was compared with the gel-based quantitative analysis scheme. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chen, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chen_xian@lanl.gov NR 53 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 3 IS 6 BP 1191 EP 1200 DI 10.1021/pr049893a PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 881EX UT WOS:000225847300011 PM 15595728 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Haan, SW Mancini, RC AF Koch, JA Haan, SW Mancini, RC TI Multispectral imaging of continuum emission for determination of temperature and density profiles inside implosion plasmas SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE ICF; spectroscopy; imaging ID OMEGA AB In inertial confinement fusion experiments, implosion of a cryogenic hydrogen isotope-filled capsule produces a plasma with a high-temperature, low-density core (the hot spot) surrounded by a low-temperature, high-density main fuel layer. Experimental measurements of temperature and density profiles in the hot spot are critical for implosion diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a simple technique for measuring core temperature and density profiles in cryogenic implosion plasmas. This technique uses absolutely calibrated continuum emission spectroscopy coupled with two-dimensional imaging to allow temperature and density profiles to be measured directly. We develop the technique analytically, and validate it using synthetic data and hydrodynamics simulation results. We find that the technique should be sufficiently accurate to measure central temperatures and densities to better than 20%. The technique may also find application to the diagnosis of other types of plasmas. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-481, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM koch1@llnl.gov NR 14 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 4 BP 433 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.04.043 PG 13 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 848HA UT WOS:000223457000003 ER PT J AU Zhang, LB Rector, JW Hoversten, GM AF Zhang, LB Rector, JW Hoversten, GM TI Reverse time migration in tilted transversely isotropic media SO JOURNAL OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION LA English DT Article DE tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media; reverse-time migration (RTM) ID ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; DEPTH MIGRATION; EXPLICIT OPERATORS AB This paper presents a reverse time migration (RTM) method for the migration of shot records in tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media. It is based on the tilted TI acoustic wave equation that was derived from the dispersion relation. The RTM is a full depth migration allowing for velocity to vary laterally as well as vertically and has no dip limitations. The wave equation is solved by a tenth-order finite difference scheme. Using 2D numerical models, we demonstrate that ignoring the tilt angle will introduce both lateral and vertical shifts in imaging. The shifts can he larger than 0.5 wavelength in the vertical direction and 1.5 wavelength in the lateral direction. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, LB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEOPHYSICAL PRESS PI CASTELNAU-LE-LEZ PA 14 RUE DU PRADO, 34170 CASTELNAU-LE-LEZ, FRANCE SN 0963-0651 J9 J SEISM EXPLOR JI J. Seism Explor. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 13 IS 2 BP 173 EP 187 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 885NV UT WOS:000226165100005 ER PT J AU Berg, DE AF Berg, DE TI A message from the associate editor SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Berg, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 969 EP 970 DI 10.1115/1.1792673 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900001 ER PT J AU Migliore, P Oerlemans, S AF Migliore, P Oerlemans, S TI Wind tunnel aeroacoustic tests of six airfoils for use on small wind turbines SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Aeroacoustic tests of seven airfoils were performed in an open jet anechoic wind tunnel. Six of the airfoils are candidates for use on small wind turbines operating at low Reynolds numbers. One airfoil was tested for comparison to benchmark data. Tests were conducted with and without boundary layer tripping. In some cases, a turbulence grid was placed upstream in the test section to investigate inflow turbulence noise. An array of 48 microphones was used to locate noise sources and separate airfoil noise from extraneous tunnel noise. Trailing-edge noise was dominant for all airfoils in clean tunnel flow. With the boundary layer untripped; several airfoils exhibited pure tones that disappeared after proper tripping was applied. In the presence of inflow turbulence, leading-edge noise was dominant for all airfoils. C1 Natl Wind Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Natl Aerosp Lab, NLR, Dept Aeroacoust, NL-8300 AD Emmeloord, Netherlands. RP Migliore, P (reprint author), Natl Wind Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM paul_migliore@nrel.gov; stefan@nlr.nl NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 974 EP 985 DI 10.1115/1.1790535 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900004 ER PT J AU Schreck, S Robinson, M AF Schreck, S Robinson, M TI Tip speed ratio influences on rotationally augmented boundary layer topology and aerodynamic force generation SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID AXIS WIND TURBINE; BLADE AB Under zero yaw conditions, rotational effects substantially and routinely augment HAWT blade aerodynamic response. To better comprehend the fluid dynamic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, time dependent blade surface pressure data were acquired from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE), a full-scale HAWT tested in the NASA Ames 80 ft x 120 ft wind tunnel. These surface pressure data were processed to obtain normal force and flow field topology data. Further analyses were carried out in a manner that allowed tip speed ratio effects to be isolated from other confounding influences. Results showed clear correlations between normal forces, flow field topologies, and tip speed ratios. These relationships changed significantly at different blade radial locations, pointing to the complex three-dimensional flow physics present on rotating HAWT blades. C1 NRELS Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Appl Res Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Schreck, S (reprint author), NRELS Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Appl Res Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1025 EP 1033 DI 10.1115/1.1793209 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900009 ER PT J AU Sutherland, HJ Mandell, JF AF Sutherland, HJ Mandell, JF TI Effect of mean stress on the damage of wind turbine blades SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB In many analyses of composite wind turbine blades, the effects of mean stress on the determination of damage are either ignored completely or they are characterized inadequately. An updated Goodman diagram for the fiberglass materials that are typically used in wind turbine blades has been released recently. This diagram, which is based on the MSU/DOE Fatigue Database, contains detailed information at thirteen R-values. This diagram is the most detailed to date, and it includes several loading conditions that have been poorly represented in earlier studies. This formulation allows the effects of mean stress on damage calculations to be evaluated. The evaluation presented here uses four formulations for the S-N behavior of the fiberglass. In the first analysis, the S-N curve for the composite is assumed to be independent of mean stress and to have a constant slope. The second is a linear Goodman diagram, the third is a bi-linear Goodman diagram and the fourth is the full Goodman diagram. Two sets of load spectra, obtained by the LIST (Long term Inflow and Structural Test) program, are used for this evaluation. The results of the analyses, equivalent fatigue loads and damage predictions, are compared to one another. These results illustrate a significant overestimation of the equivalent fatigue loads when the mean stress is not considered in the calculation. And, the results from the updated Goodman diagram illustrate that there are significant differences in accumulated damage when the Goodman diagram includes information on the transition between compressive and tensile failure modes. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Sutherland, HJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM hjsuthe@sandia.gov; johnm@coe.montana.edu NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1041 EP 1049 DI 10.1115/1.1785160 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900011 ER PT J AU White, DL Musial, WD AF White, DL Musial, WD TI The effect of load phase angle on wind turbine blade fatigue damage SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB This paper examines the importance of load phase angle variations on fatigue damage and evaluates the potential effects of varying the load phase angle during dual-axis constant amplitude fatigue testing. The scope of this paper is limited to results from simulated wind and dynamic loads. The operating loads on a generic three bladed upwind 1.5 MW wind turbine blade were analyzed over a range of operating conditions, and an aggregate probability distribution for the actual phase angles between the peak in-plane (lead-lag) and peak out-of-plane (flap) loads was determined. Using a finite element model (FEM) of the 1.5 MW blade and Miner's Rule [Miner A., 1945, "Cumulative Damage in Fatigue," Trans. ASME, 67], the accumulated theoretical fatigue damage (based on axial strains) resulting from a fatigue test with variable phase angles using the aggregate distribution was compared to the damage resulting from a fatigue test with a constant phase angle. The FEM nodal damage distribution at specific blade cross sections were compared for the constant and variable phase angle cases. Single-node stress concentrations were distributed arbitrarily around one cross section to simulate material defects in a blade undergoing testing. Results show that the variable phase angle case results in higher damage on the critical nodes. In addition, the probability of discovering a material defect during a test was substantially increased when variable phase loading was used. The effect of phase angle sequence on the damage accumulation was also considered. For this analysis, the finite element results were processed using a nonlinear damage accumulation model. Results show that the sequence of the phase angle can have a large effect on the fatigue damage, and multiple, shorter length sequences produce higher damage than a single, long term sequence. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP White, DL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM darris_white@nrel.gov; walter_musial@nrel.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1050 EP 1059 DI 10.1115/1.1800533 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900012 ER PT J AU Saranyasoontorn, K Manuel, L Veers, PS AF Saranyasoontorn, K Manuel, L Veers, PS TI A comparison of standard coherence models for inflow turbulence with estimates from field measurements SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE coherence; inflow; turbulence ID SURFACE-LAYER TURBULENCE; WIND AB The Long-term Inflow and Structural Test (LIST) program, managed by Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, is gathering inflow and structural response data on a modified version of the Micon 65113 wind turbine at a site near Bushland, Texas. With the objective of establishing correlations between structural response and inflow, previous studies have employed regression and other dependency analyses to attempt to relate loads to various inflow parameters. With these inflow parameters that may be thought of as single-point-in-space statistics that ignore the spatial nature of the inflow, no significant correlation was identified between load levels and any single inflow parameter or even any set of such parameters, beyond the mean and standard deviation of the hub-height horizontal wind speed. Accordingly, here, we examine spatial statistics in the measured inflow of the LIST turbine by estimating the coherence for the three turbulence components (along-wind, across-wind, and vertical). We examine coherence spectra for both lateral and vertical separations and use the available ten-minute time series of the three components at several locations. The data obtained from spatial arrays on three main,towers located upwind from the test turbine as well as on two additional towers on either side of the main towers consist of 291 ten-minute records. Details regarding estimation of the coherence functions from limited data are discussed. Comparisons with standard coherence models available in the literature,and provided in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) guidelines are also discussed. It is found. that the Davenport exponential coherence model may not be appropriate especially for modeling the, coherence of the vertical turbulence component since it fails to account for reductions in coherence at low frequencies and over large separations. Results also show that the Mann uniform shear turbulence model predicts coherence spectra for all turbulence components and for different lateral separations better than the isotropic von Karman model. Finally, on studying the cross-coherence among pairs of turbulence components based on field data, it is found that the coherence observed between along-wind and vertical turbulence components is not predicted by the isotropic von Karman model while the Mann model appears to overestimate this cross-coherence. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Wind Energy Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Saranyasoontorn, K (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RI Manuel, Lance/J-7884-2012 OI Manuel, Lance/0000-0002-0602-3014 NR 24 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1082 DI 10.1115/1.1797978 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900014 ER PT J AU Wright, AD Balas, MJ AF Wright, AD Balas, MJ TI Design of controls to attenuate loads in the controls advanced research turbine SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The wind industry seeks to design wind turbines to maximize energy production and increase fatigue life. To achieve this goal, we must design wind turbines to extract maximum energy and reduce component and system loads. This paper applies modern state-space control design methods to a two-bladed teetering-hub upwind machine located at the National Wind Technology Center The design objective is to regulate turbine speed in region 3 (above rated wind speed) and enhance damping in several low-damped flexible modes of the turbine. The controls approach is based on the Disturbance Accommodating Control method and provides accountability for wind-speed disturbances. First, controls are designed with the single control input rotor collective pitch. to stabilize the first drive-train torsion as well as the tower first fore-aft bending modes. Generator torque is then incorporated as an additional control input. This reduces some of the demand placed on the rotor collective pitch control system and enhances first drive train torsion mode damping. Individual blade pitch control is then used to attenuate wind disturbances having spatial variation over the rotor and effectively reduces blade flap deflections caused by wind shear. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wright, AD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Alan_wright@nrel.gov; Mark.balas@colorado.edu NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1083 EP 1091 DI 10.1115/1.1792654 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900015 ER PT J AU Johnson, KE Fingersh, LJ Balas, MJ Pao, LY AF Johnson, KE Fingersh, LJ Balas, MJ Pao, LY TI Methods for increasing region 2 power capture on a variable-speed wind turbine SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The standard region 2 control scheme for a variable-speed wind turbine, tau(c) = Komega(2), has several shortcomings that can result in significant power loss. The first of these is that there is no accurate way to determine the gain K; modeling programs are not accurate enough to represent all of the complex aerodynamics, and these aerodynamics change over time. Furthermore, it is not certain whether the value of K used in the standard control even provides for the maximum energy capture under real-world turbulent conditions. We introduce new control methods to address these issues. First, we show in simulation that using smaller values of K than the standard can result in increased energy capture. Second, we give simulation results showing that an optimally tracking rotor control scheme can improve upon the standard scheme by assisting the rotor speed in tracking wind-speed fluctuations more rapidly. Finally, we propose an adaptive control scheme that allows for maximum power capture despite parameter uncertainty. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Fingersh, LJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM kathryn_johnson@nrel.gov; lee_fingersh@nrel.gov; mark.balas@colorado.edu; pao@colorado.edu NR 19 TC 56 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1092 EP 1100 DI 10.1115/1.1792653 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876BP UT WOS:000225470900016 ER PT J AU Konik, RM AF Konik, RM TI Kondo-Fano resonances in quantum dots: results from the Bethe ansatz SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE quantum integrability (Bethe ansatz); Anderson model (theory); Kondo effect (theory); quantum dots (theory) ID SINGLE-ELECTRON TRANSISTOR; MODEL AB We consider transport through quantum dots with two tunnelling paths. The presence of multiple paths gives rise to Fano resonances exhibiting Kondo-like physics. To study such quantum dots we employ a generalized Anderson model which we argue to be integrable via the Bethe ansatz. The exact solution exhibits non-perturbative behaviour in the tunnelling strengths of both paths, reflective of electron trajectories with non-trivial winding number. While integrability allows the characterization of transport properties exactly, we argue that the non-perturbative behaviour arises at a more basic level, that of two-particle quantum mechanics. We further support the argued non-analyticities through exact diagonalization studies of an equivalent lattice model. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Konik, RM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rmk@bnl.gov RI Konik, Robert/L-8076-2016 OI Konik, Robert/0000-0003-1209-6890 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PD NOV PY 2004 AR PII S1742-5468(04)87225-X DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2004/11/L11001 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA 901SP UT WOS:000227302500001 ER PT J AU Fox, RV Ball, RD Harrington, PD Rollins, HW Jolley, JJ Wai, CA AF Fox, RV Ball, RD Harrington, PD Rollins, HW Jolley, JJ Wai, CA TI Praseodymium nitrate and neodymium nitrate complexation with organophosphorus reagents in supercritical carbon dioxide solvent SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE metal complexation; lanthanides; supercritical carbon dioxide; multivariate hard equilibrium modeling; SIMPLISMA ID FLUORINATED BETA-DIKETONES; MODELING MIXTURE ANALYSIS; NORMAL-BUTYL PHOSPHATE; TRIBUTYL-PHOSPHATE; FLUID EXTRACTION; INORGANIC NITRATES; LANTHANIDES; ACID; CO2; SPECTRA AB Complex formation reactions of praseodymium nitrate hexahydrate, and neodymium nitrate hexahydrate salts with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and several other neutral organophosphorus reagents were investigated in supercritical carbon dioxide. The concentration of the metal complexes in the supercritical fluid (SCF) phase was determined using UV-Vis and luminescence spectroscopies. The stoichiometry of the complexes was determined using the mole-ratio method. Extraction equilibrium constants were calculated from the spectral data using least-squares regression and hard-equilibria models. UV-Vis absorbance data indicate that praseodymium nitrate and neodymium nitrate both form 1:4 lanthanide-tributyl phosphate complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide at 308 K. The conditional extraction coefficients for those two systems were calculated to be log K-ex = 7.45 +/- 0.06 for the praseodymium system and log K-ex = 7.52 +/- 0.03 for the neodymium system. For comparison, neodymium nitrate complexation reactions with tri-n-butyl phosphate and tributyl phosphite (TBPO3) were studied in hexane under ambient conditions. UV-Vis data indicate that a 1:4 neodymium-tributyl phosphate complex is formed in hexane with a conditional extraction coefficient of log K-ex = 3.4 +/- 0.2. Tributyl phosphite forms a 1:8 complex with neodymium in hexane with a conditional extraction coefficient of log K-ex = 11.0 +/- 0.1. Neodymium nitrate was titrated with other organophosphorus reagents, tributyl phosphite and tributyl phosphine oxide (TBPO), in supercritical carbon dioxide to investigate differences between neutral oxygen donor ligands and neutral phosphorus donor ligands. UV-Vis and luminescence data indicate that neodymium nitrate forms a 1:8 complex with tributyl phosphite and a 1:5 complex with tributyl phosphine oxide, compared to a 1:4 complex with tri-n-butyl phosphate. The conditional extraction coefficient for the 1:8 neodymium-tributyl phosphite system was calculated as log K-ex = 21.4 +/- 0.2 from UV-Vis data, and log K-ex = 19.8 +/- 0.2 from luminescence data. The conditional extraction coefficient for the 1:5 neodymium-tributyl phosphine oxide complex was calculated as log K-ex = 7.83 +/- 0.05. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Supercritical Fluids Res Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Fox, RV (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Supercritical Fluids Res Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM rf4@inel.gov RI Rollins, Harry/B-6327-2017; Ball, Richard/B-8150-2017; OI Rollins, Harry/0000-0002-3926-7445; Ball, Richard/0000-0002-4798-6044; Harrington, Peter/0000-0003-0268-8630 NR 49 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-8446 J9 J SUPERCRIT FLUID JI J. Supercrit. Fluids PD NOV PY 2004 VL 31 IS 3 BP 273 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.11.006 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 872IF UT WOS:000225200200005 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, JT Demos, S Michalopoulou, A Pierce, JL Troppmann, C AF Fitzgerald, JT Demos, S Michalopoulou, A Pierce, JL Troppmann, C TI Assessment of renal ischemia by optical spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE laser spectroscopy; transplantation; ischemia; kidney; viability; rat ID SPREADING DEPRESSION; REAL-TIME; FLUORESCENCE; INJURY; PRESERVATION; KIDNEYS; TRANSPLANTATION; REFLECTANCE; OXIMETRY; OXYGEN AB Introduction. No reliable method currently exists for quantifying the degree of warm ischemia in kidney grafts before transplantation. We describe a method for evaluating pretransplant warm ischemia time using optical spectroscopic methods. Methods. Lewis rat kidney vascular pedicles were clamped unilaterally in vivo for 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, or 120 min; eight animals were studied at each time point. Injured and contralateral. control kidneys were then flushed with Euro-Collins solution, resected, and placed on ice. 335 nm excitation autofluorescence as well as cross-polarized light scattering images were then taken of each injured and control kidney using filters of various wavelengths. The intensity ratio of the injured to normal kidneys was compared to ischemia time. Results. Autofluorescence intensity ratios through a 450-nm filter and light scattering intensity ratios through an 800-nm filter both decreased significantly with increasing ischemia time (P < 0.0001 for each method, one-way analysis of variance). All adjacent and nonadjacent time points between 0 and 90 min were distinguishable using one of these two modalities by Fisher's protected least significant difference. Conclusions. Optical spectroscopic methods correlate with warm ischemia time in kidneys that have been subsequently hypothermically preserved. Further studies are needed to correlate results with physiological damage and posttransplant performance. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Transplantat, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Fitzgerald, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Transplantat, Transplant Bldg,HSF,Room 2021,2315 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM hellftiz@aol.com NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 122 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2004.05.025 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 870GQ UT WOS:000225046000004 PM 15522310 ER PT J AU MacDowell, AA Celestre, RS Howells, M McKinney, W Krupnick, J Cambie, D Domning, EE Duarte, RM Kelez, N Plate, DW Cork, CW Earnest, TN Dickert, J Meigs, G Ralston, C Holton, JM Alber, T Berger, JM Agard, DA Padmore, HA AF MacDowell, AA Celestre, RS Howells, M McKinney, W Krupnick, J Cambie, D Domning, EE Duarte, RM Kelez, N Plate, DW Cork, CW Earnest, TN Dickert, J Meigs, G Ralston, C Holton, JM Alber, T Berger, JM Agard, DA Padmore, HA TI Suite of three protein crystallography beamlines with single superconducting bend magnet as the source SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE X-ray beamline; protein crystallography; superbend; invar mirror; double-crystal monochromator ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; MIRRORS AB At the Advanced Light Source, three protein crystallography beamlines have been built that use as a source one of the three 6 T single-pole superconducting bending magnets (superbends) that were recently installed in the ring. The use of such single-pole superconducting bend magnets enables the development of a hard X-ray program on a relatively low-energy 1.9 GeV ring without taking up insertion-device straight sections. The source is of relatively low power but, owing to the small electron beam emittance, it has high brightness. X-ray optics are required to preserve the brightness and to match the illumination requirements for protein crystallography. This was achieved by means of a collimating premirror bent to a plane parabola, a double-crystal monochromator followed by a toroidal mirror that focuses in the horizontal direction with a 2:1 demagnification. This optical arrangement partially balances aberrations from the collimating and toroidal mirrors such that a tight focused spot size is achieved. The optical properties of the beamline are an excellent match to those required by the small protein crystals that are typically measured. The design and performance of these new beamlines are described. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP MacDowell, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aamacdowell@lbl.gov RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012; McKinney, Wayne/F-2027-2014 OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139 NR 19 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 BP 447 EP 455 DI 10.1107/S0909049504024835 PN 6 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 865IM UT WOS:000224695900001 PM 15496731 ER PT J AU Chesnel, K van der Laan, G Livet, F Beutier, G Marty, A Belakhovsky, M Haznar, A Collins, SP AF Chesnel, K van der Laan, G Livet, F Beutier, G Marty, A Belakhovsky, M Haznar, A Collins, SP TI Hysteresis effect in FePd magnetic stripes studied by coherent soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE X-ray resonant magnetic scattering; magnetic speckle; nanostructures ID DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; THIN-FILMS; ANISOTROPY; DICHROISM; SPECTRA AB An FePd thin film sample, showing magnetic stripe domains as imaged by magnetic force microscopy, has been measured by soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering in reflection geometry. Illumination with coherent radiation, produced by inserting a 20 mum pinhole in front of the sample, leads to a magnetic speckle pattern in the scattered intensity that gives access to the domain morphology. Application of an in-plane magnetic field for a few seconds gives a strong change in the observed intensity fluctuations, which indicates a large degree of variation between the two patterns taken before and after field exposure. From the speckle pattern we calculate a degree of coherence of beta = 0.5 for the incident beam. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. ENSEEG, LTPCM, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, Wroclaw, Poland. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Chesnel, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kchesnel@lbl.gov RI van der Laan, Gerrit/Q-1662-2015; marty, alain/H-7941-2014 OI van der Laan, Gerrit/0000-0001-6852-2495; marty, alain/0000-0001-5709-6945 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 BP 469 EP 475 DI 10.1107/S090904950402309X PN 6 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 865IM UT WOS:000224695900004 PM 15496734 ER PT J AU Deb, A Bergmann, U Cairns, EJ Cramer, SP AF Deb, A Bergmann, U Cairns, EJ Cramer, SP TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the LixFePO4 cathode during cycling using a novel electrochemical in situ reaction cell SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE in situ cell; electrochemistry; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; electrode materials; lithium-ion battery; lithium-ion insertion/extraction ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; DIFFRACTION; LIFEPO4; BEHAVIOR; IRON; PERFORMANCE; TRIPHYLITE; INSERTION AB The extraction and insertion of lithium in LiFePO4 has been investigated in practical Li-ion intercalation electrodes for Li-ion batteries using Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). A versatile electrochemical in situ reaction cell was utilized, specifically designed for long-term X-ray experiments on battery electrodes during the lithium-extraction/insertion process in electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. The electrode contained about 7.7 mg of LiFePO4 on a 20 mum-thick Al foil. In order to determine the charge compensation mechanism and structural perturbations occurring in the system during cycling, in situ X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (XAFS) measurements were conducted on the cell at a moderate rate using typical Li-ion battery operating voltages (3.0-4.1 V versus Li/Li+). XAS studies of the LiFePO4 electrode measured at the initial state (LiFePO4) showed iron to be in the Fe(II) state corresponding to the initial state (0.0 mAh) of the battery, whereas in the delithiated state (FePO4) iron was found to be in the Fe(III) state corresponding to the final charged state (3 mAh) of the battery. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) region of the XAS spectra revealed a high-spin configuration for the two states [Fe(II), d(6) and Fe(III), d(5)]. The XAFS data analysis confirmed that the olivine structure of the LiFePO4 and FePO4 is retained by the electrodes, which is in agreement with the X-ray diffraction observations on these compounds. The XAFS data that were collected continuously during cycling revealed details about the response of the cathode to Li insertion and extraction. These measurements on the LiFePO4 cathode show that the material retains good structural short-range order leading to superior cycling. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA USA. RP Deb, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM adeb@lbl.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Deb, Aniruddha/H-7529-2016; Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Deb, Aniruddha/0000-0002-0331-9709; Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 31 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 68 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1107/S0909049504024641 PN 6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 865IM UT WOS:000224695900008 PM 15496738 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, GJ AF Jorgensen, GJ TI A phenomenological approach to obtaining correlations between accelerated and outdoor exposure test results for organic materials SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE accelerated testing; outdoor testing; organic materials; performance degradation; service life prediction; weathering AB Two approaches are commonly used to derive correlations between in-service and accelerated exposure test results. When detailed degradation mechanisms are well understood, a deterministic formalism can be applied in which a precise damage function model is utilized. If failure mechanisms are not known or multiple mechanisms interact in a complicated manner that makes it difficult and tedious to treat them explicitly, a probabilistic procedure can be used. Observed failures are fit to appropriate life distributions to obtain expressions for related failure rates. A third approach uses a phenomenological methodology. This procedure is similar to the deterministic approach in that damage functions are hypothesized, except that they are based on macroscopic observations and effects, rather than on microscopic mechanisms. The phenomenological approach is used herein to describe results accurately from a number of highly accelerated exposure tests of organic materials. The ensuing damage function models are then used to predict real-world behavior. Excellent agreement is demonstrated between these predictions and actual measured data, thereby validating the phenomenological approach and providing a very useful way to estimate service life of organic-based materials. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Jorgensen, GJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 32 IS 6 BP 494 EP 499 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 867AO UT WOS:000224814700009 ER PT J AU Sutin, AM TenCate, JA Johnson, PA AF Sutin, AM TenCate, JA Johnson, PA TI Single-channel time reversal in elastic solids SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING MEDIA; PROPAGATION; ACOUSTICS AB Reverberant volume time reversal in 3D elastic solids (doped glass and Berea sandstone) using a single channel are presented. In spite of large numbers of mode conversions (compressional to shear wave conversions at the walls), time reversal works extremely well, providing very good spatial and time focusing of elastic waves. Ceramics were bonded to the surface as sources (100-700 kHz); a broadband laser vibrometer (dc-1.5 MHz) was used as detector. Temporal and spatial time-reversal focusing are frequency dependent and depend on the dissipation characteristics of the medium. Doped glass (inverse dissipation Q between 2000 to 3000) shows time-reversed spatial focal resolution at about half of the shear wavelength. The Berea sandstone (Q = 50) yields a wider focusing width (a bit more than the shear wavelength) due to its lower Q. Focusing in the doped glass is better because the time-reversal (virtual) array created by wave reflections is larger than in the highly attenuating sandstone. These are the first results reported in granular media, and are a first step toward geophysical and field applications. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Davidson Lab, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sutin, AM (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Davidson Lab, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM asutin@stevens-tech.edu; tencate@lanl.gov; paj@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 116 IS 5 BP 2779 EP 2784 DI 10.1121/1.1802676 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 874DQ UT WOS:000225331500008 ER PT J AU Hurley, DH Spicer, JB AF Hurley, DH Spicer, JB TI Line source representation for laser-generated ultrasound in an elastic transversely isotropic half-space SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID POINT-SOURCE REPRESENTATION; WAVES; PROPAGATION; SURFACE; MECHANISMS; METALS AB Theoretical and experimental results are presented for a laser line source in an elastic, transversely isotropic half-space. The thermoelastic source (laser source) is represented as an appropriately weighted shear stress dipole applied at the sample surface. The plane of isotropy coincides with the half-space boundary. Analytical expressions representing the out-of-plane displacements for the surface wave and for the epicentral cases are given for all crystal classes that exhibit elastic transverse isotropy. In addition, quasianalytical results are given for observation points off the epicentral axis. Theoretical wave forms for all of the source/observation geometries considered are compared with experimental wave forms generated in single crystal zinc samples. The close comparison between experiment and theory confirms, for this particular line source orientation and crystal symmetry, that a laser line source is accurately modeled using an equivalent boundary stress. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Phys Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Hurley, DH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Phys Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Spicer, James/A-3312-2010 OI Spicer, James/0000-0002-3512-5503 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 116 IS 5 BP 2914 EP 2922 DI 10.1121/1.1791721 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 874DQ UT WOS:000225331500022 ER PT J AU Swift, GW Backhaus, S AF Swift, GW Backhaus, S TI A resonant, self-pumped, circulating thermoacoustic heat exchanger SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID POWER; ENGINES; TUBE AB An asymmetrical constriction in a pipe functions as an imperfect gas diode for acoustic oscillations in the pipe. One or more gas diodes in a loop of pipe create substantial mean flow, approximately proportional to the amplitude of the oscillations. Measurements of wave shape, time-averaged pressure distribution, mass flow, and acoustic power dissipation are presented for a two-diode loop. Analysis of the phenomena is complicated because both the mean flow and the acoustic flow are turbulent and each affects the other significantly. The quasi-steady approximation yields results in rough agreement with the measurements. Acoustically driven heat-transfer loops based on these phenomena may provide useful heat transfer external to thermoacoustic and Stirling engines and refrigerators. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Swift, GW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM swift@lanl.gov RI Backhaus, Scott/F-4285-2012 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 116 IS 5 BP 2923 EP 2938 DI 10.1121/1.1804634 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 874DQ UT WOS:000225331500023 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SE AF Schwartz, SE TI Uncertainty requirements in radiative forcing of climate change SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SULFATE AEROSOLS; ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; GREENHOUSE GASES; GLOBAL EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SULFUR-OXIDES; 20TH-CENTURY; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION; NITROGEN AB The continuing increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) makes it essential that climate sensitivity, the equilibrium change in global mean surface temperature that would result from a given radiative forcing, be quantified with known uncertainty. Present estimates are quite uncertain, 3 +/- 1.5 K for doubling of CO2 Model studies examining climate response to forcing by greenhouse gases and aerosols exhibit large differences in sensitivities and imposed aerosol forcings; that raise questions regarding claims of their having reproduced observed large-scale changes in surface temperature over the 20th century. Present uncertainty in forcing, caused largely by uncertainty in forcing by aerosols, precludes meaningful model evaluation by comparison with observed global temperature change or empirical determination of climate sensitivity. Uncertainty in aerosol forcing must be reduced at least three-fold for uncertainty in climate sensitivity to be meaningfully reduced and bounded. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schwartz, SE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ses@bnl.gov RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 34 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 8 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1351 EP 1359 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 869GW UT WOS:000224972400002 PM 15587549 ER PT J AU Leavell, MD Novak, P Behrens, CR Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, GH AF Leavell, MD Novak, P Behrens, CR Schoeniger, JS Kruppa, GH TI Strategy for selective chemical cross-linking of tyrosine and lysine residues SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TOP-DOWN APPROACH; LINKED PEPTIDES; REAGENTS; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION; PROTEINS; INSULIN; ESTERS AB Chemical cross-linking of proteins combined with mass spectral analysis is a powerful technique that can be utilized to yield protein structural information, such as the spatial arrangement of multi-protein complexes or the folding of monomeric proteins. The succinimidyl ester cross-linking reagents are commonly used to cross-link primary amine-containing amino acids (N-terminus and lysine). However, in this study they were used to react with tyrosines as well, which allowed for the formation of cross-links between two primary amines, one primary amine and one tyrosine, or two tyrosines. This result is extremely important to the chemical cross-linking community for two reasons: (1) all possible cross-linked residues must be considered when analyzing data from these experiments to generate correct distance constraints and structural information, and (2) utilizing the versatility of these cross-linking reagents allows more information content to be generated from a single cross-linking reagent, which may increase the number of cross-links obtained in the experiment. Herein, we study the reactivity of the succinimidyl ester labeling and cross-linking reagents with angiotensin I and oxidized insulin beta-chain. Using the succinimidyl acetate labeling reagent, the reactivity of the N-terminus was found to be greater than either lysine or tyrosine. However, a selectivity of the cross-linking reagent was observed for either tyrosine or lysine depending on the pH of the reaction solution. In acidic pH, it was observed that tyrosine was more reactive, while in alkaline pH lysine was more reactive. Exploiting this selectivity predominantly N-terminustyrosine or tyrosine-tyrosine cross-links were favored at acidic pH, while N-terminus-tyrosine or tyrosine-lysine cross-links were favored at alkaline pH. (JAmSoc Mass Spectrom 2004,15, 1604-1611) (C) 2004 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kruppa, GH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gkruppa@sandia.gov RI Novak, Petr/F-9655-2014 OI Novak, Petr/0000-0001-8688-529X NR 17 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1604 EP 1611 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.07.018 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 868PM UT WOS:000224925500009 PM 15519227 ER PT J AU Tolmachev, AV Vilkov, AN Bogdanov, B Pasa-Tolic, L Masselon, CD Smith, RD AF Tolmachev, AV Vilkov, AN Bogdanov, B Pasa-Tolic, L Masselon, CD Smith, RD TI Collisional activation of ions in RF ion traps and ion guides: The effective ion temperature treatment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID INFRARED RADIATIVE DISSOCIATION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STORAGE ASSISTED DISSOCIATION; INTERNAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PEPTIDE IONS; BLACKBODY RADIATION; LEUCINE-ENKEPHALIN; REACTION-KINETICS; THERMAL-ENERGY AB Ion transfer and storage using inhomogeneous radio frequency (RF) electric fields in combination with gas-assisted ion cooling and focusing constitutes one of the basic techniques in mass spectrometry today. The RF motion of ions in the bath gas environment involves a large number of ion-neutral collisions that leads to the internal activation of ions and their effective "heating" (when a thermal distribution of internal energies results). The degree of ion activation required in various applications may range from a minimum level (e.g., slightly raising the average internal energy) to an intense level resulting in ion fragmentation. Several research groups proposed using the effective temperature as a measure of ion activation under conditions of multiple ion-neutral collisions. Here we present approximate relationships for the effective ion temperature relevant to typical operation modes of RF multipole devices. We show that RF ion activation results in near-thermal energies for ions occupying an equilibrium position at the center of an RF trap, whereas increased ion activation can be produced by shifting ions off-center, e.g., by means of an external DC electric field. The ion dissociation in the linear quadrupole ion trap using the dipolar DC ion activation has been observed experimentally and interpreted in terms of the effective ion temperature. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2004, 15, 1616-1628) (C) 2004 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Syst Anal & Mass Spectrometry, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Syst Anal & Mass Spectrometry, 3335 Q Ave K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Masselon, Christophe/A-2340-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR18522] NR 51 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1044-0305 EI 1879-1123 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1616 EP 1628 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.07.014 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 868PM UT WOS:000224925500011 PM 15519229 ER PT J AU McFarlane, SA Evans, KF AF McFarlane, SA Evans, KF TI Clouds and shortwave fluxes at Nauru. Part II: Shortwave flux closure SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SOLAR IRRADIANCE; EXPERIMENT ARESE; REMOTE SENSORS; COOLING RATES; STRATUS CLOUD; ICE CRYSTALS; WATER-VAPOR AB The datasets currently being collected by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program on the islands of Nauru and Manus represent the longest time series of ground-based cloud measurements in the tropical western Pacific region. In this series of papers, a shortwave flux closure study is presented using observations collected at the Nauru site between June 1999 and May 2000. The first paper presented frequency of occurrence of nonprecipitating clouds detected by the millimeter-wavelength cloud radar (MMCR) at Nauru and statistics of their retrieved microphysical properties. This paper presents estimates of the cloud radiative effect over the study period and results from a closure study in which retrieved cloud properties are input to a radiative transfer model and the modeled surface fluxes are compared to observations. The average surface shortwave cloud radiative forcing is 48.2 W m(-2), which is significantly smaller than the cloud radiative forcing estimates found during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) field project. The difference in the estimates during the two periods is due to the variability in cloud amount over Nauru during different phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In the closure study, modeled and observed surface fluxes show large differences at short time scales, due to the temporal and spatial variability of the clouds observed at Nauru. Averaging over 60 min reduces the average root-mean-square difference in total flux to 10% of the observed flux. Modeled total downwelling fluxes are unbiased with respect to the observed fluxes while direct fluxes are underestimated and diffuse fluxes are overestimated. Examination of the differences indicates that cloud amount derived from the ground-based measurements is an overestimate of the radiatively important cloud amount due to the anisotropy of the cloud field at Nauru, interpolation of the radar data, uncertainty in the microwave brightness temperature measurements for thin clouds, and the uncertainty in relating the sixth moment of the droplet size distribution observed by the radar to the more radiatively important moments. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Colorado, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO USA. RP McFarlane, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 MS K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Sally.McFarlane@pnl.gov RI McFarlane, Sally/C-3944-2008 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 21 BP 2602 EP 2615 DI 10.1175/JAS3299.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870ZR UT WOS:000225098700008 ER PT J AU Turner, DD Tobin, DC Clough, SA Brown, PD Ellingson, RG Mlawer, EJ Knuteson, RO Revercomb, HE Shippert, TR Smith, WL Shephard, MW AF Turner, DD Tobin, DC Clough, SA Brown, PD Ellingson, RG Mlawer, EJ Knuteson, RO Revercomb, HE Shippert, TR Smith, WL Shephard, MW TI The QME AERI LBLRTM: A closure experiment for downwelling high spectral resolution infrared radiance SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE; INTENSIVE OBSERVATION PERIODS; WATER-VAPOR MEASUREMENTS; RAMAN LIDAR; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; CONTINUUM ABSORPTION; MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS; CLIMATE MODELS; COOLING RATES; LINE AB Research funded by the U. S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program has led to significant improvements in longwave radiative transfer modeling over the last decade. These improvements, which have generally come in small incremental changes, were made primarily in the water vapor self- and foreign-broadened continuum and the water vapor absorption line parameters. These changes, when taken as a whole, result in up to a 6 W m(-2) improvement in the modeled clear-sky downwelling longwave radiative flux at the surface and significantly better agreement with spectral observations. This paper provides an overview of the history of ARM with regard to clear-sky longwave radiative transfer, and analyzes remaining related uncertainties in the ARM state-of-the-art Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM). A quality measurement experiment (QME) for the downwelling infrared radiance at the ARM Southern Great Plains site has been ongoing since 1994. This experiment has three objectives: 1) to validate and improve the absorption models and spectral line parameters used in line-by-line radiative transfer models, 2) to assess the ability to define the atmospheric state, and 3) to assess the quality of the radiance observations that serve as ground truth for the model. Analysis of data from 1994 to 1997 made significant contributions to optimizing the QME, but is limited by small but significant uncertainties and deficiencies in the atmospheric state and radiance observations. This paper concentrates on the analysis of QME data from 1998 to 2001, wherein the data have been carefully selected to address the uncertainties in the 1994-97 dataset. Analysis of this newer dataset suggests that the representation of self- broadened water vapor continuum absorption is 3%-8% too strong in the 750-1000 cm(-1) region. The dataset also provides information on the accuracy of the self- and foreign-broadened continuum absorption in the 1100-1300 cm(-1) region. After accounting for these changes, remaining differences in modeled and observed downwelling clear-sky fluxes are less than 1.5 W m(-2) over a wide range of atmospheric states. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Turner, DD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, MS K9-24,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dave.turner@pnl.gov NR 67 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 61 IS 22 BP 2657 EP 2675 DI 10.1175/JAS3300.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 874YC UT WOS:000225385600001 ER PT J AU Bodwin, GT AF Bodwin, GT TI Inclusive quarkoniurn production and the NRQCD-factorization approach SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics CY OCT 06-11, 2003 CL Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA HO Korea Inst Adv Study DE QCD; quarkomium ID INELASTIC J/PSI PHOTOPRODUCTION; COLOR-OCTET CONTRIBUTIONS; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; GLUON FRAGMENTATION; E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS; QCD ANALYSIS; DESY HERA; ANNIHILATION AB I discuss the current status of the comparison between quarkonium-production measurements and the predictions of the NBQCD-factorization formalism. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bodwin, GT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gtp@hep.anl.gov NR 63 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 45 SU S BP S306 EP S312 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 884XF UT WOS:000226119300018 ER PT J AU Lee, J AF Lee, J TI Exclusive two-charmonium vs. charmonium-glueball production at BELLE SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics CY OCT 06-11, 2003 CL Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA HO Korea Inst Adv Study DE gluball; QCD; Hadron production ID HADRONIC PRODUCTION; J-PSI; E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS; J/PSI PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTION; B-DECAYS; UPSILON; FACTORIZATION; POLARIZATION; QUARKONIA AB We review the current theoretical situation with regard to the anomalously large cross section for exclusive J/psi + eta(c) production in e(+)e(-) annihilation, as measured by the BELLE Collaboration. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul 130722, South Korea. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jungil@hep.anl.gov NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 45 SU S BP S354 EP S359 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 884XF UT WOS:000226119300027 ER PT J AU Yeh, GP AF Yeh, GP TI Top-quark physics SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics CY OCT 06-11, 2003 CL Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA HO Korea Inst Adv Study DE top quark ID ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; SEARCH AB Since the discovery of the top quark in 1995, extensive studies have examined and paved the way to measuring precisely the properties of the top quark. We discuss the prospects for top-quark physics at the Tevatron, LHC, and the Linear Collider. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol, Okinawa, Japan. RP Yeh, GP (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM gpyeh@fnal.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 45 SU S BP S301 EP S305 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 884XF UT WOS:000226119300017 ER PT J AU Lushnikov, PM AF Lushnikov, PM TI Oscillating tails of a dispersion-managed soliton SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-FIBERS; PULSE DYNAMICS; TRANSMISSION; SYSTEM; COMPENSATION; PERFORMANCE; EXISTENCE; REGIME; LIMIT AB Oscillating tails of a dispersion-managed optical fiber system are studied for a strong dispersion map in the framework of a path-averaged Gabitov-Turitsyn equation. The small parameter of the analytical theory is the inverse time. An exponential decay in time of a soliton tail envelope is consistent with nonlocal nonlinearity of the Gabitov-Turitsyn equation, and the fast oscillations are described by a quadratic law. The pre-exponential modification factor is the linear function of time for zero average dispersion and a cubic function for nonzero average dispersion. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia. RP Lushnikov, PM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lushnikov@cnls.lanl.gov RI Lushnikov, Pavel/I-2304-2013 NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1913 EP 1918 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.21.001913 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 869HF UT WOS:000224973300005 ER PT J AU Casson, JL Gahagan, KT Scrymgeour, DA Jain, RK Robinson, JM Gopalan, V Sander, RK AF Casson, JL Gahagan, KT Scrymgeour, DA Jain, RK Robinson, JM Gopalan, V Sander, RK TI Electro-optic coefficients of lithium tantalate at near-infrared wavelengths SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD APPLICATION; DOMAIN INVERSION; LITAO3 CRYSTALS; BEAM SCANNERS; FILMS; LASER AB The unclamped linear electro-optic coefficients r(13) and r(33) for lithium tantalate are known at only one wavelength, 632.8 nm, whereas the clamped coefficients are also known at 3.39 mum. In the unclamped mode the effects of mechanical changes caused by piezoelectric and elasto-optic effects are accounted for in the electro-optic coefficient. We demonstrate a novel technique that uses a ferroelectric domain micropatterned electro-optic deflector to measure the unclamped linear electro-optic coefficients r(13) and r(33) at any wavelength. Using this method, we have determined these values for lithium tantalate at 980, 1330, and 1558 nm. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Casson, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM casson@lanl.gov RI Scrymgeour, David/C-1981-2008 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1948 EP 1952 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.21.001948 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 869HF UT WOS:000224973300009 ER PT J AU Pitts, TA Luk, TS Gruetzner, JK Nelson, TR McPherson, A Cameron, SM Bernstein, AC AF Pitts, TA Luk, TS Gruetzner, JK Nelson, TR McPherson, A Cameron, SM Bernstein, AC TI Propagation of self-focusing laser pulses in atmosphere: experiment versus numerical simulation SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC SPATIAL REPLENISHMENT; FEMTOSECOND PULSES; CONTINUUM GENERATION; NONLINEAR PROPAGATION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; AIR; COLLAPSE; N-2; O-2 AB Numerical simulations of self-focusing laser pulses obtained via a slowly evolving wave approach (modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation) are compared with published experimental results in fused silica as well as with experimental results in air and fused silica obtained in our laboratory. The mathematical model includes group-velocity dispersion and third-order dispersion, optical shock, and both instantaneous Kerr and delayed Raman nonlinearities as well as a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition. Second-harmonic frequency-resolved optical gating data taken after 10.91 m of propagation allow a direct comparison between experimental and computational envelopes at a number of pulse energies. FWHM measurements of the spectral width, intensity autocorrelation duration, and pulse radius at distances of 4.35, 10.91, 17.47, and 22.73 m provide a view of model fidelity across both energy and propagation distance variables. The magnitude of the nonlinear refractive index, n(2), is inferred. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Gruetzner, JK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jkgruet@sandia.gov NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 21 IS 11 BP 2008 EP 2016 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.21.002008 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 869HF UT WOS:000224973300014 ER PT J AU Cheng, JY Gibson, JM AF Cheng, JY Gibson, JM TI Simple energy spike model for paracrystalline silicon in ion implantation SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-SILICON; TEMPERATURE AB A simple energy spike model is used to interpret the experimental results of medium-range order in ion-implanted amorphous silicon. This model can justify the liquid state, which is speculated to be the initial state of paracrystalline silicon in ion implantation. According to this model, we hypothesize that a crystallite is produced from the hottest spot of a liquid state. As solidification to an amorphous state proceeds from the boundary, the central spot undergoes the maximum undercooling. Such a condition can induce homogeneous crystallization, but it is not possible to form a perfect crystal therein. One can envisage that the spike finally becomes a paracrystallite. In support of the theory, we provide the key equations of the model in this article. But this model still needs to be verified by computer simulations in the future. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM jcheng@ntut.edu.tw RI Gibson, Murray/E-5855-2013 OI Gibson, Murray/0000-0002-0807-6224 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2306 EP 2310 DI 10.1116/1.1795829 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 876OF UT WOS:000225505900015 ER PT J AU da Costa, MEHM Baumvol, IJR Radke, C Jacobsohn, LG Zamora, RRM Freire, FL AF da Costa, MEHM Baumvol, IJR Radke, C Jacobsohn, LG Zamora, RRM Freire, FL TI Effects of thermal annealing on the structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of hard fluorinated carbon films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID LOW-DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; THIN-FILMS; INTERLAYER DIELECTRICS; GAS-MIXTURES; COATINGS; NITROGEN; MICROSTRUCTURE; STABILITY AB Hard amorphous fluorinated carbon films (a-C:F) deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition were annealed in vacuum for 30 min in the temperature range of 200-600degreesC. The structural and compositional modifications were followed by several analytical techniques: Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Nanoidentation measurements and lateral force microscopy experiments were carried out in order to provide the film hardness and the friction coefficient, respectively. The internal stress and contact angle were also measured. RBS, ERDA, and XPS results indicate that both fluorine and hydrogen losses occur for annealing temperatures higher than 300degreesC. Raman spectroscopy shows a progressive graphitization upon annealing. while the surface became slightly more hydrophobic as revealed by the increase of the contact angle. Following the surface wettability reduction, a decrease of the friction coefficient was observed. These results highlight the influence of the capillary condensation on the nanoscale friction. The film hardness and the internal stress are constant up to 300degreesC and decrease for higher annealing temperatures, showing a direct correlation with the atomic density of the films. Since the thickness variation is negligible, the mass loss upon thermal treatment results in amorphous structures with a lower degree of cross-linking, explaining the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the a-C:F films. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22453970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Freire, FL (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, Cx Postal 3807, BR-22453970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM lazaro@vdg.fis.puc-rio.br RI Israel, Baumvol/G-3411-2013; OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2321 EP 2328 DI 10.1116/1.1795833 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 876OF UT WOS:000225505900018 ER PT J AU Afanasyev-Charkin, IV Jacobsohn, LG Averitt, RD Nastasi, M AF Afanasyev-Charkin, IV Jacobsohn, LG Averitt, RD Nastasi, M TI Amorphous silicon nitride films of different composition deposited at room temperature by pulsed glow discharge plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; SOLAR-CELLS; H ALLOYS; ABSORPTION; RAMAN; MICROSTRUCTURE; PASSIVATION AB Amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride (a-SiNx:H) films of different compositions (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1.18) were prepared by pulsed glow discharge plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition. The processing gases were silane and nitrogen at a substrate temperature less than or equal to 50degreesC. The properties of the films were investigated using Rutherford backscattering, elastic recoil detection analysis, UV-visible optical absorption, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopies, and nanoindentation. Depending on the value of x, the band gap of the films changes from 1.54 to 4.42 eV, and hardness changes from 11.2 to 15.3 GPa. Changes in the film properties are caused by formation of Si-N bonds and by reducing disorder in the films. It is shown that hard and transparent silicon nitride films can be obtained at room temperature. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Afanasyev-Charkin, IV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ivan@lanl.gov OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2342 EP 2346 DI 10.1116/1.1798731 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 876OF UT WOS:000225505900021 ER PT J AU Zhao, ZB Rek, ZU Yalisove, SM Bilello, JC AF Zhao, ZB Rek, ZU Yalisove, SM Bilello, JC TI In situ x-ray diffraction observation of multiple texture turnovers in sputtered Cr films SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE THIN-FILMS; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; RESIDUAL-STRESS; GROWTH; GLASS; EVOLUTION; MICROSTRUCTURE; SUBSTRATE; VACUUM; MEDIA AB A series of Cr films were deposited onto native oxides of (100) Si substrates via a confocal deposition geometry in a magnetron sputter chamber. The film growth chamber was incorporated with an in situ x-ray diffraction system, which allowed the collection of x-ray diffraction data on the Growing film in a quasi real time fashion without interruption of film deposition. The in situ x-ray diffraction, coupled with other ex situ characterization techniques, was used to study structural evolutions of the Cr films deposited at various Ar pressures. It was observed that the evolution of the crystallographic structures of Cr films was very sensitive to both deposition conditions and film thickness. With the confocal deposition geometry, the Cr films developed various types of out-of-plane textures. In addition to the (110) and (100) types of textures commonly reported for vapor deposited Cr films, the (111) and (112) types of textures were also observed. The film deposited at low Ar pressure (2 mTorr) developed strong (111) type texture. With the increase in either Ar pressure or film thickness, the Cr films tended to develop (112) and (100) types of texture. At high Ar pressures ( > 10 mTorr), several changes in texture type with increasing film thickness were observed. The sequence can be described as (110) --> (112) --> (100). The strong tendency foil these films to ultimately assume the (100) type of texture could be related to significant rises in substrate temperatures during the late stages of film growth with high Ar pressures. The observation of the multiple texture type changes suggests that the evolution of Cr films is controlled by complex growth kinetics. The competitive growth of grains with different orientations can be altered not only by controllable deposition parameters such as Ar pressure, but also by the variations of in situ film attributes (e.g. residual stress and substrate temperature) occurring concurrently with film growth. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Delphi Res Labs, Shelby Township, MI 48315 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Delphi Res Labs, 51786 Shelby Pkwy, Shelby Township, MI 48315 USA. EM zhibo.zhao@delphi.com NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2365 EP 2372 DI 10.1116/1.1804984 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 876OF UT WOS:000225505900026 ER PT J AU Liddle, JA Naulleau, P Schmid, G AF Liddle, JA Naulleau, P Schmid, G TI Probe shape measurement in an electron beam lithography system SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID RESOLUTION AB We have devised a method of quantifying the size and shape of the probe in a Gaussian-beam lithography system. The technique is robust, being insensitive to noise, but is sensitive to changes in the probe size of as little as +/-0.5 nm. We have determined that the probe shape of our system is indeed well fit by a Gaussian, with a best-focus full-width half-maximum of 6.5 +/- 1 nm. We are able readily to quantify the effects of astigmatism on the system. In addition. the approach we describe can be extended to deal with arbitrary point-spread functions. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liddle, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Rm 2-419,1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 2-400, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jaliddle@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2897 EP 2901 DI 10.1116/1.1821579 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800058 ER PT J AU Goldberg, KA Naulleau, PP Denham, PE Rekawa, SB Jackson, K Anderson, EH Liddle, JA AF Goldberg, KA Naulleau, PP Denham, PE Rekawa, SB Jackson, K Anderson, EH Liddle, JA TI At-wavelength alignment and testing of the 0.3 NA MET optic SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROGRAMS; ZERNIKE POLYNOMIALS; INTERFEROMETRY; SYSTEM; ACCURACY; TOOL AB Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) interferometry has been successfully performed for the first time at 0.3 numerical aperture (NA). Extensive EUV "at-wavelength" testing including alignment, was performed on a newly created Micro Exposure Tool (MET) optic designed for sub-50-nm EUV lithographic imaging experiments. The two-mirror, 0.3 NA MET is among the highest resolution light-projection lithography tools ever made. Using both lateral shearing and phase-shifting point-diffraction interferometry, the wavefront was measured across the field of view, and the alignment was optimized in preparation for imaging. The wavefront quality reached 0.55 nm RMS (lambda(EUV)/24.5) in a 37-term annular Zernike polynomial series, dominated by higher-order spherical aberration. Measurements included calibrations of the interferometer accuracy, assessment of repeatability, and cross-comparisons of visible and EUV interferometric measurements. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goldberg, KA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 14 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2956 EP 2961 DI 10.1116/1.1815303 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800068 ER PT J AU Naulleau, PP Goldberg, KA Anderson, E Cain, JP Denham, P Jackson, K Morlens, AS Rekawa, S Salmassi, F AF Naulleau, PP Goldberg, KA Anderson, E Cain, JP Denham, P Jackson, K Morlens, AS Rekawa, S Salmassi, F TI Extreme ultraviolet microexposures at the Advanced Light Source using the 0.3 numerical aperture micro-exposure tool optic SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID ENGINEERING TEST STAND; LITHOGRAPHY; CAPABILITIES AB In an effort to continue the rapid pace of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) learning, the focus of developmental EUV,Iithocraphy has shifted from low numerical aperture (NA) tools such as the 0.1 NA engineering test stand to higher NA tools such as the 0.3 NA micro-exposure tool (MET). To support this generation of lithographic optics, a static printing station has been developed at the Advanced Light Source. This synchrotron-based printing system relies on a scanning illuminator to provide real-time coherence (pupil-fill) control. Here, we describe a MET printing station and present early printing results obtained with the Sematech Set-2 MET optic. The resolution limit of baseline EUV resist is presented as well as 30 nm equal-line-space printing in an experimental resist. 0 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Naulleau, PP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pnaulleau@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2962 EP 2965 DI 10.1116/1.1802851 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800069 ER PT J AU Persaud, A Allen, FI Giccluel, F Park, SJ Liddle, JA Schenkel, T Ivanov, T Ivanova, K Rangelow, IW Bokor, J AF Persaud, A Allen, FI Giccluel, F Park, SJ Liddle, JA Schenkel, T Ivanov, T Ivanova, K Rangelow, IW Bokor, J TI Single ion implantation with scanning probe alignment SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID QUANTUM COMPUTER DEVELOPMENT; SILICON; BEAM; FABRICATION; DEVICES AB We present results from our development of a single ion implantation technique integrated with a scanning force microscope. Accurate alignment at the 5 nm level is a crucial requirement for reliable single ion placement. We address this through integration of the ion beam with a scanning probe tip containing an aperture. Single ion registration is based on detection of secondary electron bursts from single, high charge state ions. We describe formation of scanning probe tips with holes and sensing poles by focused ion and electron beam processing (drilling and thin film deposition). Ion transport studies through apertures show stable transmission for >10 h with 1 nA scale beam intensities on precollimators. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Kassel, Fachgebiet Tech Phys, Inst Microstruct Technol & Analyt, D-34132 Kassel, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schenkel, T (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS5-121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM t_schenkel@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2992 EP 2994 DI 10.1116/1.1802891 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800076 ER PT J AU Baylor, LR Gardner, WL Yang, X Kasica, RJ Guillorn, MA Blalock, B Cui, H Hensley, DK Islam, S Lowndes, DH Melechko, AV Merkulov, VI Joy, DC Rack, PD Simpson, ML Thomas, DK AF Baylor, LR Gardner, WL Yang, X Kasica, RJ Guillorn, MA Blalock, B Cui, H Hensley, DK Islam, S Lowndes, DH Melechko, AV Merkulov, VI Joy, DC Rack, PD Simpson, ML Thomas, DK TI Initial lithography results from the digital electrostatic e-beam array lithography concept SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; FIELD-EMISSION; WAVELENGTHS AB The Digital Electrostatically focused e-beam Array direct-write Lithography (DEAL) concept is currently under development at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This concept incorporates a digitally addressable field-emission array (DAFEA) built into a logic and control integrated circuit to function as the write head for an e-beam lithography tool. The electrostatic focusing is integrated on the DAFEA and consists of additional grids lithographically aligned above the emitters and extraction grid, each separated by a dielectric (nominally low-temperature SiO2) layer. Prototypes of the DAFEA have been fabricated and used to test the focusing of the electron beams and to pattern lines in PMMA resist. First lithography tests have used electron energies of 500 eV to pattern lines less than 1 mum wide at a working distance of 500 mum which extrapolates to <300 nm at the nominal DEAL design working distance of 100 mum. Aspects of the DEAL lithography testing and further development are discussed. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Baylor, LR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM baylorlr@ornl.gov RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Hensley, Dale/A-6282-2016; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Hensley, Dale/0000-0001-8763-7765; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3021 EP 3024 DI 10.1116/1.1824060 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800083 ER PT J AU Maldonado, JR Coyle, ST Shamoun, B Yu, M Gesley, M Pianetta, P AF Maldonado, JR Coyle, ST Shamoun, B Yu, M Gesley, M Pianetta, P TI Cs halide photocathode for multi-electron-beam pattern generator SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer AB A unique approach to photocathode operation is described in this article. We utilize a relatively large bandgap CsBr photocathode material that under normal conditions would not photoemit with radiation energy less than the bandgap plus the work function. However, the material can be activated by proper UV illumination to obtain photoemission at wavelengths as long as 532 nm. Photoyields as high as several hundred nA/mW and current densities greater than 100 A/cm(2) have been routinely obtained with lifetimes (50% degradation) well in excess of 200 h at 257 rim. The performance of the photocathode meeting all the requirements for a multi-electron-beam pattern generator will be presented. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Etec Syst, Hayward, CA 94545 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Maldonado, JR (reprint author), Etec Syst, Hayward, CA 94545 USA. EM jrmaldo1@aol.com NR 5 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3025 EP 3031 DI 10.1116/1.1823433 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800084 ER PT J AU Talin, AA Dentinger, PM Jones, FE Pathak, S Hunter, L Leonard, F Morales, AM AF Talin, AA Dentinger, PM Jones, FE Pathak, S Hunter, L Leonard, F Morales, AM TI Assembly and electrical characterization of DNA-wrapped carbon nanotube devices SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID PLACEMENT AB In this article we report on the electrical characteristics of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) wrapped with single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA). We fabricate these devices using a solution-based method whereby SWCNTs are dispersed in aqueous solution using 20-mer ssDNA. and are placed across pairs of Au electrodes using alternating current dielectrophoresis (ACDEP). In addition to current voltage characteristics, we evaluate our devices using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. We find that ACDEP with ssDNA based suspensions results in individual SWCNTs bridging metal electrodes, free of carbon debris, while similar devices prepared using the Triton X-100 surfactant yield nanotube bundles. and frequently have carbon debris attached to the nanotubes. Furthermore, the presence of ssDNA around the nanotubes does not appear to appreciably affect the overall electrical characteristics of the devices. In addition to comparing the properties of several devices prepared on nominally clean Au electrodes, we also investigate the effects of self-assembled monolayers of C14H29-SH alkyl thiol and benzyl mercaptan on the adhesion and electrical transport across the metal/SWCNT/metal devices. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Talin, AA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM aatalin@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3107 EP 3111 DI 10.1116/1.1815304 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800100 ER PT J AU Park, SJ Liddle, JA Persaud, A Allen, FI Schenkel, T Bokor, J AF Park, SJ Liddle, JA Persaud, A Allen, FI Schenkel, T Bokor, J TI Formation of 15 nm scale Coulomb blockade structures in silicon by electron beam lithography with a bilayer resist process SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID QUANTUM COMPUTER AB We have formed Coulomb blockade structures with widths of 15-30 nm in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) by electron beam lithography (EBL) in a bilayer resist process. The bilayer structure consisted of HSQ (hydrogen silsesquioxane) and AZ organic resist. The organic resist protects the buried oxide and allows removal of exposed HSQ features with hydrofluoric acid (HF). Measurements at 4.2 K show pronounced Coulomb blockade signatures for 15 nm wide wires. This bilayer resist process provides direct lithographic access to 15 nm level features in SOI without the need for size reduction by oxidation. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SJPark@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3115 EP 3118 DI 10.1116/1.1825012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800102 ER PT J AU Yadavalli, KK Anderson, NR Orlova, TA Orlov, AO Snider, GL Elam, J AF Yadavalli, KK Anderson, NR Orlova, TA Orlov, AO Snider, GL Elam, J TI Single electron memory devices utilizing Al2O3 tunnel oxide barriers SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID OPERATION; SILICON AB We report experiments on single electron memory devices where the charging of a floating gate, which serves as a memory node, is done through aluminum oxide tunnel barriers and detected by a single electron transistor (SET) electrometer. The aluminum oxide tunnel barriers are fabricated through two different approaches. In one, the oxygen plasma oxidation of an as-deposited aluminum floating gate is used to grow aluminum oxide. In the other method. aluminum oxide is deposited on a titanium/gold floating gate by means of atomic layer deposition (ALD). Measurements performed on these devices at a temperature of 300 mK indicate the presence of a definite threshold for charging through the tunnel oxide barriers. A nonvolatile memory behavior is observed with each bit represented by about 15 electrons. (C) 2004 American Vacuum. Society. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yadavalli, KK (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM yadavalli.1@nd.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3119 EP 3123 DI 10.1116/1.1821506 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800103 ER PT J AU Shen, TC Kline, JS Schenkel, T Robinson, SJ Ji, JY Yang, C Du, RR Tucker, JR AF Shen, TC Kline, JS Schenkel, T Robinson, SJ Ji, JY Yang, C Du, RR Tucker, JR TI Nanoscale electronics based on two-dimensional dopant patterns in silicon SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer AB A nanoscale fabrication process compatible with present Si technology is reported. Preimplanted contact arrays provide external leads for scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-defined dopant patterns. The STM's low energy electron beam removes hydrogen from H terminated Si(100) surfaces for selective adsorption of PH3 precursor molecules, followed by room temperature Si overgrowth and 500 degreesC rapid thermal anneal to create activated P-donor patterns in contact with As+-implanted lines. Electrical and magnetoresistance measurements are reported here on 50 and 95 nm-wide P-donor lines, along with Ga-acceptor wires created by focused ion beams, as a means for extending Si device fabrication toward atomic dimensions. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Phys, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Shen, TC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Phys, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM tcshen@cc.usu.edu RI Ji, Jeong-Young/P-5604-2014 OI Ji, Jeong-Young/0000-0002-8735-7859 NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3182 EP 3185 DI 10.1116/1.1813466 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800117 ER PT J AU Olynick, DL Harteneck, BD Veklerov, E Tendulkar, M Liddle, JA Kilcoyne, ALD Tyliszczak, T AF Olynick, DL Harteneck, BD Veklerov, E Tendulkar, M Liddle, JA Kilcoyne, ALD Tyliszczak, T TI 25 nm mechanically buttressed high aspect ratio zone plates: Fabrication and performance SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; RESIST; COLLAPSE AB High performance zone plates are critical for advancing the state-of-the-art in x-ray microscopy, both in terms of spatial and energy resolution. Improved resolution, increased energy bandwidth, and enhanced efficiency can be achieved through the fabrication of smaller, higher aspect ratio outer zones. Using electron beam lithography, we have fabricated and obtained initial performance data from a 25 nm outer zone width zone plate, with a 7:1 aspect ratio, using a hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ)/cross-linked polymer bilayer process. We investigated the effectiveness of buttresses, i.e., mechanical supports perpendicular to the zones, on our ability to achieve higher aspect ratios which conventionally would be unreachable due to resist collapse. Optimum buttress spacing is affected by film thickness, linewidth, collapse mechanisms, and resist modulus. For 25 nm zones, etched into 150 nm cross-linked polymer (AZPN114), buttress spacings of approximately two times the resist thickness or ten times the zone width are sufficient to prevent collapse during plating. We find that high aspect ratio features not only have to be able to withstand collapse during liquid immersion, but also during dry etching processes. In addition, we show that a 50% feature bias and longer development times (8 min in 1% TMAH based solutions) allow smaller dense feature sizes by eliminating resist webbing frequently observed in electron-beam imaging of HSQ. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Olynick, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA USA. EM dlolynick@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3186 EP 3190 DI 10.1116/1.1815298 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800118 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Montoya, JC Akilian, M Lapsa, A Heilmann, RK Schattenburg, ML Li, M Flanagan, KA Rasmussen, AP Seely, JF Laming, JM Kjornrattanawanich, B Goray, LI AF Chang, CH Montoya, JC Akilian, M Lapsa, A Heilmann, RK Schattenburg, ML Li, M Flanagan, KA Rasmussen, AP Seely, JF Laming, JM Kjornrattanawanich, B Goray, LI TI High fidelity blazed grating replication using nanoimprint lithography SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID FABRICATION; IMPRINT; OPTICS AB We report progress in using nanoimprint lithography to fabricate high fidelity blazed diffraction gratings. Anisotropically etched silicon gratings with 200 nm period and 7.5degrees blaze angle were successfully replicated onto 100 mm diameter wafers with subnanometer roughness and excellent profile conformity. Out-of-plane distortion induced by residual stress from polymer films was also analyzed and found to be extremely low. The replicated blazed gratings were tested and demonstrated high x-ray diffraction efficiencies. This process was developed for fabricating blazed diffraction gratings for the NASA Constellation-X x-ray telescope. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 MIT, Space Nanotechnol Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Nanonex Corp, Monmouth Jct, NJ 08852 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Univ Space Res Assoc, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Int Int Grp Inc, Penfield, NY 14526 USA. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), MIT, Space Nanotechnol Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM chichang@mit.edu RI Chang, Chih-Hao/E-9642-2011; Goray, Leonid/D-4426-2013; Heilmann, Ralf/D-4680-2009 OI Goray, Leonid/0000-0002-0381-9607; NR 16 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3260 EP 3264 DI 10.1116/1.1809614 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800134 ER PT J AU Cardinale, GF Skinner, JL Talin, AA Brocato, RW Palmer, DW Mancini, DP Dauksher, WJ Gehoski, K Le, N Nordquist, KJ Resnick, DJ AF Cardinale, GF Skinner, JL Talin, AA Brocato, RW Palmer, DW Mancini, DP Dauksher, WJ Gehoski, K Le, N Nordquist, KJ Resnick, DJ TI Fabrication of a surface acoustic wave-based correlator using step-and-flash imprint lithography SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID TEMPLATES AB We report the surface acoustic wave (SAW) correlator devices fabricated using nanoimprint lithography. Using step-and-flash imprint lithography (S-FIL), we produced SAW correlator devices on 100 mm diameter z-cut LiNbO3 devices and an aluminum metal etch process. On the same chip layout, we fabricated SAW filters and compared both the filters and correlators to similar devices fabricated using electron-beam lithography (EBL). Both S-FIL- and EBL-patterned correlators and SAW filters were analyzed using a bit-error rate tester to generate the signal and a parametric signal analyzer to evaluate the output. The NIL filters had an average center frequency of 2.38 GHz with a standard deviation of 10 MHz. The measured insertion loss averaged -31 dB. In comparison, SAW filters fabricated using EBL exhibited a center frequency of 2.39 GHz and a standard deviation of 100 kHi. Based on our preliminary results, we believe that S-FIL is an efficient and entirely viable fabrication method to produce quality SAW filters and correlators. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Motorola Labs, Microelect & Phys Sci Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. RP Cardinale, GF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gfcardi@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3265 EP 3270 DI 10.1116/1.1821508 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800135 ER PT J AU Liddle, JA Cui, Y Alivisatos, P AF Liddle, JA Cui, Y Alivisatos, P TI Lithographically directed self-assembly of nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID CONTACT-ANGLE HYSTERESIS; CAPILLARY FORCES; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; SINGLE DEFECT; NANOCRYSTALS; NANOPARTICLES; LINE; DYNAMICS; SURFACES; DROPS AB The combination of lithography and self-assembly provides a powerful means of organizing solution-synthesized nanostructures for a wide variety of applications. We have developed a fluidic assembly method that relies on the local pinning of a moving liquid contact line by lithographically produced topographic features to concentrate nanoparticles at those features. The final stages of the assembly process are controlled first by long-range immersion capillary forces and then by the short-range electrostatic and van der Waals interactions. We have successfully assembled nanoparticles from 50 to 2 nm in size using this technique and have also demonstrated the controlled positioning of more complex nanotetrapod structures. We have used this process to assemble Au nanoparticles into prepatterned electrode structures and have performed preliminary electrical characterization of the devices so formed. The fluidic assembly method is capable of very high yield, in terms of positioning nanostructures at each lithographically defined location. and of excellent specificity, with essentially no particle deposition between features. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liddle, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Room 2-419,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jaliddle@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Cui, Yi/L-5804-2013; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Cui, Yi/0000-0002-6103-6352; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 31 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 33 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3409 EP 3414 DI 10.1116/1.1821572 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800166 ER PT J AU Schmid, GM Carpenter, LE Liddle, JA AF Schmid, GM Carpenter, LE Liddle, JA TI Nonaqueous development of silsesquioxane electron beam resist SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer ID HYDROGEN SILSESQUIOXANE; DISSOLUTION; LITHOGRAPHY AB While the primary use of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) is as a dielectric in microelectronics fabrication, this material is also capable of forming high resolution. negative-tone features with low roughness when patterned with an electron beam. Unfortunately, under common processing conditions HSQ is relatively insensitive to electron beam exposure; poor reproducibility has also been observed. HSQ postexposure processing typically consists of development via immersion in an industry-standard aqueous solution of base, followed by rinsing with water or isopropanol. While other resist materials have been specifically designed for compatibility with aqueous base processing, HSQ is known to be chemically unstable in the presence of base. We report that several organic solvents that are not reactive towards HSQ are less aggressive at removing the exposed regions of the film. As a result, it is possible to successfully image HSQ with markedly reduced exposure dose. The considerable difference in exposure dose can be largely attributed to the difference in reactivity toward HSQ between organic solvents and aqueous base. but other factors must also be considered. For example, HSQ structures can be formed at low doses when developed with isopropanol, but the structures are very rough and irregular. This paper reports an alternative approach to HSQ processing that provides insight into mechanistic phenomena while offering certain advantages over standard processing techniques. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dow Corning Corp, Midland, MI 48640 USA. RP Schmid, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3497 EP 3502 DI 10.1116/1.1825014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800183 ER PT J AU Machuca, F Liu, Z Maldonado, JR Coyle, ST AF Machuca, F Liu, Z Maldonado, JR Coyle, ST TI Negative electron affinity group III-nitride photocathode demonstrated as a high performance electron source SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY JUN 01-04, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Sco Amer AB The need for a high performance (low energy spread < 0.5 eV. long lifetime > 3 months per spot, emission stability < 1% /h) electron source continues as part of the development of new e-beam writing and inspection tools. We present measurements from a group III-nitride (indium gallium nitride) photocathode in a demountable vacuum system to measure energy spread. lifetime. and preliminary blanking effects. We show the results of cathodes operating in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), high vacuum (HV), and oxygen-rich backpressures. Our results show InGaN has a longitudinal energy spread of <300 meV in reflection mode, flat lifetimes of 60 h per illuminated spot where the yield changes by <10%, and stable emission with typical recoveries within 99% of original photocurrent for all blanking periods and vacuum conditions tested (0.5 to 10 min periods). (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. ETEC Syst Inc, Hayward, CA 94545 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Machuca, F (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM francisco.machuca@kla-tencor.com RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009 OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561 NR 6 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2004 VL 22 IS 6 BP 3565 EP 3569 DI 10.1116/1.1813453 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 889JR UT WOS:000226439800198 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI Obsessive genius: The inner world of Marie Curie SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 18 BP 116 EP + PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 867FI UT WOS:000224827400214 ER PT J AU Pardini, AF AF Pardini, AF TI Examining the knuckle region of Hanford's double shell waste tanks SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pardini, AF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM allan.pardini@pnl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 62 IS 11 BP 1114 EP 1120 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 868KX UT WOS:000224913600001 ER PT J AU Xu, HB Jian, XG Meek, TT Han, QY AF Xu, HB Jian, XG Meek, TT Han, QY TI Degassing of molten aluminum A356 alloy using ultrasonic vibration SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ultrasonic vibration; degassing; aluminum alloy; porosity formation AB This article addresses ultrasonic degassing in aluminum A356 alloy. An experimental setup has been built for the degassing of aluminum using ultrasonic vibration at a frequency of 20 kHz and vibration intensities up to 1500 W. Ultrasonic degassing has been tested in different volumes of aluminum melt for various processing temperatures and durations. The efficiency of degassing is evaluated by a density measurement for reduced pressure samples. Experimental results indicate that a steady-state hydrogen concentration can be obtained within a few minutes of ultrasonic vibration, regardless of the initial hydrogen concentration in the melt. The dynamics of hydrogen evolution as a function of processing time, melt temperature, and initial hydrogen concentration have been investigated. The mechanism of ultrasonic degassing is discussed. It is suggested that ultrasonic vibration can be used to reduce porosity formation in aluminum alloys. Published by Elsevier B.V C1 Univ Tennessee, Mat Sci & Eng Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, HB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Mat Sci & Eng Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hxu3@utk.edu NR 10 TC 53 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 58 IS 29 BP 3669 EP 3673 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.055 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 862KU UT WOS:000224490400004 ER PT J AU Qiao, ZJ Li, ST AF Qiao, ZJ Li, ST TI A new integrable hierarchy, parametric solutions and traveling wave solutions SO MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS ANALYSIS AND GEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE Hamiltonian system; matrix equation; zero curvature representation; parametric solution; traveling wave solution ID NONLINEAR-EVOLUTION-EQUATIONS; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATION; HEREDITARY SYMMETRIES; EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS; BILLIARD SOLUTIONS; PEAKED SOLITONS; PDES; SYSTEMS; GEOMETRY AB In this paper we give a new integrable hierarchy. In the hierarchy there are the following representatives: [GRAPHICS] The first two are the positive members of the hierarchy, and the first equation was a reduction of an integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional system (see B. G. Konopelchenko and V. G. Dubrovsky, Phys. Lett. A 102 (1984), 15-17). The third one is the first negative member. All nonlinear equations in the hierarchy are shown to have 3 x 3 Lax pairs through solving a key 3 x 3 matrix equation, and therefore they are integrable. Under a constraint between the potential function and eigenfunctions, the 3 x 3 Lax pair and its adjoint representation are nonlinearized to be two Liouville-integrable Hamiltonian systems. On the basis of the integrability of 6N-dimensional systems we give the parametric solution of all positive members in the hierarchy. In particular, we obtain the parametric solution of the equation u(t) = partial derivative(x)(5)u(-2/3). Finally, we present the traveling wave solutions (TWSs) of the above three representative equations. The TWSs of the first two equations have singularities, but the TWS of the 3rd one is continuous. The parametric solution of the 5th-order equation u(t) = partial derivative(x)(5)u(-2/3) can not contain its singular TWS. We also analyse Gaussian initial solutions for the equations u(t) = partial derivative(x)(5)u(-2/3), and u(xxt) + 3u(xx)u(x) + u(xxx)u = 0. Both of them are stable. C1 Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Math, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Qiao, ZJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Math, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0172 J9 MATH PHYS ANAL GEOM JI Math. Phys. Anal. Geom. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 7 IS 4 BP 289 EP 308 DI 10.1007/s11040-004-3090-8 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 887DC UT WOS:000226284500001 ER PT J AU Hemez, FM Ben-Haim, Y AF Hemez, FM Ben-Haim, Y TI Info-gap robustness for the correlation of tests and simulations of a non-linear transient SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE information-gap; nonlinear dynamics; test-analysis correlation; robustness; uncertainty AB An alternative to the theory of probability is applied to the problem of assessing the robustness, to uncertainty in model parameters, of the correlation between measurements and computer simulations. The analysis is based on the theory of information-gap uncertainty, which models the clustering of uncertain events in families of nested sets instead of assuming a probability structure. The system investigated is the propagation of a transient impact through a layer of hyper-elastic material. The two sources of nonlinearity are (1) the softening of the constitutive law representing the hyper-elastic material and (2) the contact dynamics at the interface between metallic and crushable materials. The robustness of the correlation between test and simulation, to sources of parameter variability, is first studied to identify the parameters of the model that significantly influence the agreement between measurements and predictions. Model updating under non-probabilistic uncertainty is then illustrated, based on two complementary immunity functions: the robustness to uncertainty and the opportunity from uncertainty. Finally an info-gap model is embedded within a probability density function to represent uncertainty in the knowledge of the model's parameters and their correlation structure. Although computationally expensive, it is demonstrated that info-gap reasoning can greatly enhance our understanding of a moderately complex system when the theory of probability cannot be applied due to insufficient information. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weapon Response Grp, ESA, WR, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Hemez, FM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weapon Response Grp, ESA, WR, POB 1663,M-S T006, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM heinez@lanl.gov; yakov@technion.ac.il NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0888-3270 J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1443 EP 1467 DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2004.03.001 PG 25 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 834UZ UT WOS:000222437700009 ER PT J AU Lin, YJ McHugh, KM Zhou, YZ Lavernia, EJ AF Lin, YJ McHugh, KM Zhou, YZ Lavernia, EJ TI The selection of the spray deposition rate during the spray rolling process SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID THIN STRIPS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB This article presents a detailed theoretical analysis of the selection of the maximum and minimum spray deposition rates under steady-state conditions during the spray-rolling process. The following predictions are made on the basis of the preceding theoretical analysis. First, the key factor that may control the minimum spray deposition rate is either the removal of porosity or the removal of prior droplet boundaries. With an increase in initial liquid fraction at the deposit/roll interfaces, the mechanism changes from the former to the latter. Second, the mechanism that controls the maximum spray deposition rate is related to either the drag-in angle or the distance between the nozzle and the deposited material's surface. With an increase in roll diameter or a decrease in distance between the nozzle and the roll-axis plane, the controlling mechanism is changed from the former to the latter. Third, both the calculated maximum and minimum spray deposition rates markedly increase with an increase in roll diameter and roll rotational frequency. In addition, the present theoretical analysis suggests that spray rolling can be optimized to manufacture strips with a high production rate. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Ind & Mat Technol Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Lin, YJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM yjlin@ucdavis.edu RI Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013 OI Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 35A IS 11 BP 3595 EP 3603 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0195-4 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 865ZX UT WOS:000224743800024 ER PT J AU Lin, YJ McHugh, KM Zhou, YZ Lavernia, EJ AF Lin, YJ McHugh, KM Zhou, YZ Lavernia, EJ TI The transient to steady-state transition during the spray-rolling process SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB From the geometrical standpoint, this article presents a qualitative theoretical analysis and prediction of the transient to steady-state transition during the spray-rolling process, a novel manufacturing technique for aluminum strips. The analytical results indicate that, when the deposited materials at the specific points on one roll surface overlap their counterparts on the other roll surface, spray rolling transits from the transient state to the steady state. The specific points are the limiting deposition positions of the atomized droplets on the roll surface initially. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Ind & mat Technol Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Lin, YJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM yjlin@ucdavis.edu RI Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013 OI Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 35A IS 11 BP 3633 EP 3635 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0199-0 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 865ZX UT WOS:000224743800028 ER PT J AU Brown, P Pack, D Edwards, WN ReVelle, DO Yoo, BB Spalding, RE Tagliaferri, E AF Brown, P Pack, D Edwards, WN ReVelle, DO Yoo, BB Spalding, RE Tagliaferri, E TI The orbit, atmospheric dynamics, and initial mass of the Park Forest meteorite SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EARTHS ATMOSPHERE; SMALL ASTEROIDS; FALL; ENTRY; FRAGMENTATION; MODEL; METEOROIDS; INFRASOUND; RECOVERY; RECORDS AB The fireball accompanying the Park Forest meteorite fall (L5) was recorded by ground-based videographers, satellite systems, infrasound, seismic, and acoustic instruments. This meteorite shower produced at least 18 kg of recovered fragments on the ground (Simon et al. 2004). By combining the satellite trajectory solution with precise ground-based video recording from a single site, we have measured the original entry velocity for the meteoroid to be 19.5 +/- 0.3 km/s. The earliest video recording of the fireball was made near the altitude of 82 km. The slope of the trajectory was 29degrees from the vertical, with a radiant azimuth (astronomical) of 21degrees and a terminal height measured by infrared satellite systems of 18 km. The meteoroid's orbit has a relatively large semi-major axis of 2.53 +/- 0.19 AU, large aphelion of 4.26 +/- 0.38 AU, and low inclination. The fireball reached a peak absolute visual magnitude of -22, with three major framentation episodes at the altitudes of 37, 29, and 22 km. Acoustic recordings of the fireball airwave suggest that fragmentation was a dominant process in production of sound and that some major fragments from the fireball remained supersonic to heights as low as similar to 10 km. Seismic and acoustic recordings show evidence of fragmentation at 42, 36, 29, and 17 km. Examination of implied energies/initial masses from all techniques (satellite optical, infrasound, seismic, modeling) leads us to conclude that the most probable initial mass was (11 +/- 3) x 10(3) kg, corresponding to an original energy of similar to 0.5 kt TNT (2.1 x 10(12) J) and a diameter of 1.8 m. These values correspond to an integral bolometric efficiency of 7 +/- 2%. Early fragmentation ram pressures of < 1 MPa and major fragmentations occurring with ram pressures of 2-5 MPa suggest that meter-class stony near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) have tensile strengths more than an order of magnitude lower than have been measured for ordinary chondrites. One implication of this observation is that the rotation period for small, fast-rotating NEAs is likely to be > 30 seconds. C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, Canada Res Chair Meteor Sci, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Applicat Lab, Lab Operat, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Meteorol Modeling Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Aerosp Corp, Astrodynam Dept, Syst Engn Div, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Aerosp Corp, Space Based Surveillance Div, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, Canada Res Chair Meteor Sci, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. EM pbrown@uwo.ca NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 39 IS 11 BP 1781 EP 1796 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 886FC UT WOS:000226211300002 ER PT J AU Malkin, AJ Thorne, RE AF Malkin, AJ Thorne, RE TI Growth and disorder of macromolecular crystals: insights from atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies SO METHODS LA English DT Review DE macromolecular crystals; protein crystals; virus crystals; structural genomics; crystallography; crystal growth; growth mechanisms; defect structure; disorder; two-dimensional nucleation; atomic force microscopy; X-ray diffraction topography; high-resolution reciprocal space scanning ID EGG-WHITE LYSOZYME; PROTEIN CRYSTALS; TETRAGONAL LYSOZYME; DEFECT FORMATION; CANAVALIN CRYSTALLIZATION; VIRUS CRYSTALLIZATION; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; SURFACE-MORPHOLOGY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HIGH-RESOLUTION AB The growth processes and defect structures of protein and virus crystals have been studied in situ by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction topography, and high-resolution reciprocal space scanning. Molecular mechanisms of macromolecular crystallization were visualized and fundamental kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, which govern the crystallization process of a number of macromolecular crystals, have been determined. High-resolution AFM imaging of crystal surfaces provides information on the packing of macromolecules within the unit cell and on the structure of large macromolecular assemblies. X-ray diffraction techniques provide a bulk probe with poorer spatial resolution but excellent sensitivity to mosaicity and strain. Defect structures and disorder created in macromolecular crystals during growth, seeding, and post-growth treatments including flash cooling were characterized and their impacts on the diffraction properties of macromolecular crystals have been analyzed. The diverse and dramatic effects of impurities on growth and defect formation have also been studied. Practical implications of these fundamental insights into the improvement of macromolecular crystallization protocols are discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, BioSecur & Nanosci Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Malkin, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, BioSecur & Nanosci Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM malkinl@llnl.gov; ret6@cornell.edu NR 104 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 3 BP 273 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2004.03.020 PG 27 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 868YX UT WOS:000224950300004 PM 15325647 ER PT J AU Rupp, B Wang, JW AF Rupp, B Wang, JW TI Predictive models for protein crystallization SO METHODS LA English DT Article DE high throughput crystallization; statistical analysis; machine learning; structural genomics; predictive models ID STRUCTURAL GENOMICS; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLIZATION; VAPOR-DIFFUSION; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; MICROBATCH; DATABASE; DISCOVERY; STRATEGY; FACILITY AB Crystallization of proteins is a nontrivial task, and despite the substantial efforts in robotic automation, crystallization screening is still largely based on trial-and-error sampling of a limited subset of suitable reagents and experimental parameters. Funding of high throughput crystallography pilot projects through the NIH Protein Structure Initiative provides the opportunity to collect crystallization data in a comprehensive and statistically valid form. Data mining and machine learning algorithms thus have the potential to deliver predictive models for protein crystallization. However, the underlying complex physical reality of crystallization, combined with a generally ill-defined and sparsely populated sampling space, and inconsistent scoring and annotation make the development of predictive models non-trivial. We discuss the conceptual problems, and review strengths and limitations of current approaches towards crystallization prediction, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive and valid sampling protocols. In view of limited overlap in techniques and sampling parameters between the publicly funded high throughput crystallography initiatives, exchange of information and standardization should be encouraged, aiming to effectively integrate data mining and machine learning efforts into a comprehensive predictive framework for protein crystallization. Similar experimental design and knowledge discovery strategies should be applied to valid analysis and prediction of protein expression, solubilization, and purification, as well as crystal handling and cryo-protection. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Macromol Crystallog & TB Struct Genom Consortium, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Temple Univ, Ctr Biotechnol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Temple Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Rupp, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Macromol Crystallog & TB Struct Genom Consortium, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM br@llnl.gov RI Wang, Junwen/C-4432-2009; Wang, Junwen/D-3700-2011 OI Wang, Junwen/0000-0002-4432-4707 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62410] NR 78 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD NOV PY 2004 VL 34 IS 3 BP 390 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2004.03.031 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 868YX UT WOS:000224950300013 PM 15325656 ER PT J AU Cherne, FJ Baskes, MI Schwarz, RB Srinivasan, SG Klein, W AF Cherne, FJ Baskes, MI Schwarz, RB Srinivasan, SG Klein, W TI Non-classical nucleation in supercooled nickel SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DEEPLY QUENCHED LIQUIDS; EMBEDDED-ATOM POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SYSTEM; GROWTH AB The dynamics of homogeneous nucleation and growth of crystalline nickel from the supercooled melt is examined during rapid quenching using molecular dynamics and a modified embedded atom method potential. The character of the critical nuclei of the crystallization transition is examined using common neighbour analysis and visualization. At nucleation, the saddle point droplet consists of randomly stacked planar structures with an in-plane triangular order. These results support previous theories predicting that in the presence of long-range forces the critical nucleus is non-classical. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Cherne, FJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Cherne, Frank/0000-0002-8589-6058 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1063 EP 1068 AR PII S0965-0393(04)75218-3 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/12/6/001 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 870KN UT WOS:000225056100002 ER PT J AU Resat, H Shankaran, H Wiley, H AF Resat, H Shankaran, H Wiley, H TI Effects of HER2 and HER3 on EGFR trafficking and localization - a modelling study SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat BioSci Grp, Richland, WA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 68 BP 13A EP 13A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648800069 ER PT J AU Thrall, BD Kathmann, LE Liu, T Quesenberry, RD Weber, TJ Jacobs, JM Smith, RD Gopalan, B Wiley, HS AF Thrall, BD Kathmann, LE Liu, T Quesenberry, RD Weber, TJ Jacobs, JM Smith, RD Gopalan, B Wiley, HS TI Global analysis of the response of human mammary epithelial cells to epidermal growth factor stimulation SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 65 BP 13A EP 13A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648800066 ER PT J AU Tan, JL Sniadecki, N Nelson, CM Ruiz, SA Chen, CS AF Tan, JL Sniadecki, N Nelson, CM Ruiz, SA Chen, CS TI Direct measurement of mechanical forces at cell-cell junctions and their physiological role in vascular permeability SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Canc Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Sniadecki, Nathan/F-2261-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 356 BP 64A EP 64A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648800357 ER PT J AU Silver, RB Pappas, GD AF Silver, RB Pappas, GD TI Secretion without membrane fusion: Porocytosis SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 409 BP 74A EP 74A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648800410 ER PT J AU Laurence, TA Talley, C Huser, T Colvin, M AF Laurence, TA Talley, C Huser, T Colvin, M TI Application of SERS nanoparticles for intracellular pH measurements SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Inst, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Merced, Merced, CA USA. RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 584 BP 105A EP 105A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648800585 ER PT J AU Bollinger, N Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Rodland, KD AF Bollinger, N Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Rodland, KD TI Transmodulation of the EGF receptor by multiple receptor types in human mammary epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 695 BP 125A EP 125A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648801040 ER PT J AU Radisky, DC Levy, D Littlepage, LE Fata, JE Liu, H Stark, GR Nieto, M Werb, Z Bissell, MJ AF Radisky, DC Levy, D Littlepage, LE Fata, JE Liu, H Stark, GR Nieto, M Werb, Z Bissell, MJ TI MMP-3-induced superoxide causes genomic instability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Inst Cajal, Madrid, Spain. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 694 BP 125A EP 125A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648801039 ER PT J AU Biswas, C Gidalevitz, T Ostrovosky, O Ciric, B Sriram, U Gulucci, S Stevens, F Argon, Y AF Biswas, C Gidalevitz, T Ostrovosky, O Ciric, B Sriram, U Gulucci, S Stevens, F Argon, Y TI N-terminal half of GRP94 is the active portion for binding to antigen and antigen presenting cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 1117 BP 201A EP 201A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648801462 ER PT J AU Alcaraz, J Radisky, DC Bustamante, C Bissell, MJ AF Alcaraz, J Radisky, DC Bustamante, C Bissell, MJ TI Mechanochemical control of tissue-specific gene expression by the extracellular matrix in mammary epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Alcaraz, Jordi/F-5513-2016 OI Alcaraz, Jordi/0000-0001-7898-1599 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 1664 BP 300A EP 301A PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648802388 ER PT J AU Campisi, J AF Campisi, J TI Cellular senescence, cancer and aging SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S BP 354A EP 354A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803026 ER PT J AU Westermann, S Niederstrasser, H Avila-Sakar, AJ Wang, H Nogales, E Drubin, DG Barnes, G AF Westermann, S Niederstrasser, H Avila-Sakar, AJ Wang, H Nogales, E Drubin, DG Barnes, G TI The function of the Dam1 complex in mitotic spindle integrity and chromosome segregation SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 2118 BP 383A EP 383A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803188 ER PT J AU Cermelli, S Griner, J Welte, MA Wong, L Moore, R Gross, SP AF Cermelli, S Griner, J Welte, MA Wong, L Moore, R Gross, SP TI A proteomic approach to identify regulators of organelle transport SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 2240 BP 404A EP 404A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803309 ER PT J AU Littlepage, LE Radisky, DC Albertson, DG Huey, B Levy, DD Bissell, MJ Werb, Z AF Littlepage, LE Radisky, DC Albertson, DG Huey, B Levy, DD Bissell, MJ Werb, Z TI MMP3/stromelysin-1 promotes genomic instability during mammary tumor progression SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Canc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 2319 BP 418A EP 418A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803388 ER PT J AU Orr, G Hu, D Ozcelik, S Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Colson, SD AF Orr, G Hu, D Ozcelik, S Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Colson, SD TI Membrane mobility of the EGF receptors and HER2 are strongly affected by cholesterol levels SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 2382 BP 430A EP 430A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803451 ER PT J AU Holtz, AE Fodor, IK Fitch, JP McCutchen-Maloney, SL AF Holtz, AE Fodor, IK Fitch, JP McCutchen-Maloney, SL TI Metabolic differences in Yersinia pestis as a function of temperature and calcium detected by phenotype arrays SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology CY DEC 04-08, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biodef Div, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Natl Secur Program, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2004 VL 15 SU S MA 2564 BP 462A EP 463A PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 864QU UT WOS:000224648803633 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Trillo, I Riutort, M Fourcade, HM Baguna, J Boore, JL AF Ruiz-Trillo, I Riutort, M Fourcade, HM Baguna, J Boore, JL TI Mitochondrial genome data support the basal position of Acoelomorpha and the polyphyly of the Platyhelminthes SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE platyhelminth; Acoel; mitochondria; evolution; genome; Metazoa ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ACOELA PLATHELMINTHES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; FLATWORMS; NEMERTODERMATIDA; DNA; PATTERN; BRAIN; IMMUNOREACTIVITY AB We determined 9.7. 5.2. and 6.8kb, respectively, of the mitochondrial genomes of the acoel Paratomella rubra, the nemertodermatid Nemertoderma westbladi, and the free-living rhabditophoran platyhelminth Microstomum lineare. The identified gene arrangements are unique among metazoans, including each other, sharing no more than one or two single gene boundaries with a few distantly related taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences inferred from the sequenced genes confirms that the acoelomorph flatworms (acoels + nemertodermatids) do not belong to the Platyhelminthes, but are, instead, the most basal extant bilaterian group. Therefore, the Platyhelminthes, as traditionally constituted, is a polyphyletic phylum. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Walnut Creek, CA USA. Univ Barcelona, Dept Genet, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boore, JL (reprint author), US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. EM JLBoore@LBL.gov RI Riutort, Marta/B-6441-2009; Ruiz-Trillo, Inaki/C-1360-2008 OI Riutort, Marta/0000-0002-2134-7674; Ruiz-Trillo, Inaki/0000-0001-6547-5304 NR 59 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 33 IS 2 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.06.002 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 864QW UT WOS:000224649000007 PM 15336667 ER PT J AU Ramsay, G Bridge, CM Cropper, M Mason, KO Cordova, FA Priedhorsky, W AF Ramsay, G Bridge, CM Cropper, M Mason, KO Cordova, FA Priedhorsky, W TI XMM-Newton observations of the eclipsing polar EP Dra SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries : eclipsing; stars : individual : EP Dra; novae, cataclysmic variables; X-rays : stars ID MAGNETIC CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; DRACONIS =H1907+690; ACCRETION; AM; SYSTEMS AB We present XMM-Newton observations of the eclipsing polar EP Dra that cover nearly three binary orbital cycles. The X-ray and ultraviolet data show evidence for a prominent dip before the eclipse, which is due to the accretion stream obscuring the accretion region. The dip ingress is rapid in hard X-rays, suggesting that there is a highly collimated core of absorption. We find that a different level of absorption column density is required to match the observed count rates in different energy bands. We propose that this is due to the fact that different absorption components should be used to model the reprocessed X-rays, the shocked X-ray component and the ultraviolet emission, and we explore the effect that this has on the resulting fits to the spectrum. Further, there is evidence that absorption starts to obscure the softer X-rays shortly after the onset of the bright phase. This suggests that material is threaded by an unusually wide range of magnetic field lines, consistent with the recent suggestion of Bridge et al. We find that the period is slightly greater than that determined some years ago by Schwope Mengel. C1 UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ramsay, G (reprint author), UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. EM gtbr@mssl.ucl.ac.uk RI Cropper, Mark/C-1574-2008; OI Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 354 IS 3 BP 773 EP 778 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08239.x PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 864KX UT WOS:000224633500016 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP AF Lu, ZP TI To the editor SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Letter C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 29 IS 11 BP 786 EP 786 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 872KB UT WOS:000225205000003 ER PT J AU Dingley, K Ubick, E Lang, N Nelson, D Turteltaub, K AF Dingley, K Ubick, E Lang, N Nelson, D Turteltaub, K TI Ultra-sensitive quantitation of heterocyclic amine adducts using accelerator mass spectrometry: from risk identification to chemoprevention SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD NOV PY 2004 VL 19 IS 6 MA 21 BP 506 EP 506 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 873DA UT WOS:000225258300033 ER PT J AU Gopal, V Radmilovic, VR Daraio, C Jin, S Yang, PD Stach, EA AF Gopal, V Radmilovic, VR Daraio, C Jin, S Yang, PD Stach, EA TI Rapid prototyping of site-specific nanocontacts by electron and ion beam assisted direct-write nanolithography SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED DEPOSITION; NANOTUBES; TECHNOLOGY; GOLD AB Rapid prototyping of bottom-up nanostructure circuits is demonstrated, utilizing metal deposition and patterning methodology based on combined focused ion and electron beam induced decomposition of a metal-organic precursor gas. Ohmic contacts were fabricated using electron beam deposition, followed by the faster process of ion beam deposition for interconnect formation. Two applications of this method are demonstrated: three-terminal transport measurements of Y-junction carbon nanotubes and fabrication of nanocircuits for determination of electromechanical degradation of silver nanowires. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Mat Sci & Engn Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gopal, V (reprint author), Spans LLC, Sunnyvale, CA 94088 USA. EM vidyut.gopal@spansion.com RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Daraio, Chiara/N-2170-2015 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Daraio, Chiara/0000-0001-5296-4440 NR 11 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2059 EP 2063 DI 10.1021/nl0492133 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 871FR UT WOS:000225115700001 ER PT J AU Wiederrecht, GP Wurtz, GA Hranisavljevic, J AF Wiederrecht, GP Wurtz, GA Hranisavljevic, J TI Coherent coupling of molecular excitons to electronic polarizations of noble metal nanoparticles SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; ABSORPTION; DYE; FLUORESCENCE; EXCITATION; PARTICLES; CRYSTALS; SPECTRA AB We report the observation of coherent polarization coupling between the exciton of a molecular J-aggregate and the electronic polarization of noble metal nanoparticles. For Ag nanoparticles, coherent exciton coupling to the conduction band electrons leads to constructive interference and a long-lived exciton. For Au nanoparticles, the excitonic state interferes destructively with bound electron transition dipoles and the exciton lifetime is reduced by two orders of magnitude. Coherent polarization coupling in heterostructured nanomaterials may strongly impact the functionality of future nanoelectronic and nanooptical materials. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wiederrecht, GP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wiederrecht@anl.gov NR 33 TC 160 Z9 162 U1 6 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2121 EP 2125 DI 10.1021/nl0488228 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 871FR UT WOS:000225115700011 ER PT J AU Cui, H Kalinin, SV Yang, X Lowndes, DH AF Cui, H Kalinin, SV Yang, X Lowndes, DH TI Growth of carbon nanofibers on tipless cantilevers for high resolution topography and magnetic force imaging SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; FABRICATION; TIPS AB Carbon nanofibers are grown on tipless cantilevers as probe tips for scanning probe microscopy. A catalyst dot pattern for carbon nanofiber growth is formed on the surface of the tipless cantilevers using electron beam lithography, and the growth of carbon nanofibers is performed in a direct-current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. Atomic force surface imaging and magnetic force-gradient imaging have been demonstrated using these probe tips. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Cui, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cui@ornl.gov RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152 NR 17 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2157 EP 2161 DI 10.1021/nl048740i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 871FR UT WOS:000225115700017 ER PT J AU Holt, JK Noy, A Huser, T Eaglesham, D Bakajin, O AF Holt, JK Noy, A Huser, T Eaglesham, D Bakajin, O TI Fabrication of a carbon nanotube-embedded silicon nitride membrane for studies of nanometer-scale mass transport SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Membranes consisting of multiwall carbon nanotubes embedded in a silicon nitride matrix were fabricated for fluid mechanics studies on the nanometer scale. Characterization by tracer diffusion and scanning electron microscopy suggests that the membrane is free of large voids. An upper limit to the diffusive flux of D2O of 2.4 x 10(-8) mol/m(2) s was determined, indicating extremely slow transport through the membranes. By contrast, hydrodynamic calculations of water flow across a nanotube membrane of similar specifications predict a much higher molar flux of 1.91 mol/m(2) S, suggesting that the nanotubes used in the membrane have a "bamboo" morphology. The carbon nanotube membranes were then used to make nanoporous silicon nitride membranes, which were fabricated by sacrificial removal of the carbon. Nitrogen flow measurements on these structures give a membrane permeance of 4.7 x 10(-4) mol/m(2) S Pa at a pore density of 4 x 10(10) cm(-2). Using a Knudsen diffusion model, the average pore size of this membrane is estimated to be 66 nm, which agrees well with TEM observations of the multiwall carbon nanotube outer diameter. These membranes are a robust platform for the study of confined molecular transport, with applications in separations and chemical sensing. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanosci Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Holt, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanosci Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM holt14@llnl.gov RI Bakajin, Olgica/A-9745-2008; Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 22 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2245 EP 2250 DI 10.1021/nl048876h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 871FR UT WOS:000225115700032 ER PT J AU Meulenberg, RW van Buuren, T Hanif, KM Willey, TM Strouse, GF Terminello, LJ AF Meulenberg, RW van Buuren, T Hanif, KM Willey, TM Strouse, GF Terminello, LJ TI Structure and composition of Cu-doped CdSe nanocrystals using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CADMIUM SELENIDE; TIGHT-BINDING; QUANTUM DOTS; DEFECTS; ZNS; SEMICONDUCTORS; LUMINESCENCE; CRYSTALLITES; SPECTRA AB The local structure and composition of Cu ions dispersed in CdSe nanocrystals is examined using soft X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). Using Cu L-edge XANES and X-ray photoelectron measurements (XPS), we find that the Cu ions exist in the Cu(I) oxidation state. We also find that the observed Cu Ledge XANES signal is directly proportional to the molar percent of Cu present in our final material. Se Ledge XANES indicates changes in the Se density of states with Cu doping, due to a chemical bonding effect, and supports a statistical doping mechanism. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate that Cu ions may act as deep electron traps. We show that XANES, XPS, and PL are a powerful combination of methods to study the electronic and chemical structure of dopants in nanostructured materials. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Chem, Tallahassee, FL 32316 USA. RP Meulenberg, RW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM meulenberg1@llnl.gov; strouse@chem.fsu.edu RI Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011; OI Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830; Meulenberg, Robert/0000-0003-2696-8792 NR 33 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 5 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2277 EP 2285 DI 10.1021/nl048738s PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 871FR UT WOS:000225115700038 ER PT J AU Pedrioli, PGA Eng, JK Hubley, R Vogelzang, M Deutsch, EW Raught, B Pratt, B Nilsson, E Angeletti, RH Apweiler, R Cheung, K Costello, CE Hermjakob, H Huang, S Julian, RK Kapp, E McComb, ME Oliver, SG Omenn, G Paton, NW Simpson, R Smith, R Taylor, CF Zhu, WM Aebersold, R AF Pedrioli, PGA Eng, JK Hubley, R Vogelzang, M Deutsch, EW Raught, B Pratt, B Nilsson, E Angeletti, RH Apweiler, R Cheung, K Costello, CE Hermjakob, H Huang, S Julian, RK Kapp, E McComb, ME Oliver, SG Omenn, G Paton, NW Simpson, R Smith, R Taylor, CF Zhu, WM Aebersold, R TI A common open representation of mass spectrometry data and its application to proteomics research SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CODED AFFINITY TAGS; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; SPECTRAL DATA; PEPTIDES AB A broad range of mass spectrometers are used in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics research. Each type of instrument possesses a unique design, data system and performance specifications, resulting in strengths and weaknesses for different types of experiments. Unfortunately, the native binary data formats produced by each type of mass spectrometer also differ and are usually proprietary. The diverse, nontransparent nature of the data structure complicates the integration of new instruments into preexisting infrastructure, impedes the analysis, exchange, comparison and publication of results from different experiments and laboratories, and prevents the bioinformatics community from accessing data sets required for software development. Here, we introduce the 'mzXML' format, an open, generic XML (extensible markup language) representation of MS data. We have also developed an accompanying suite of supporting programs. We expect that this format will facilitate data management, interpretation and dissemination in proteomics research. C1 Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. Insilicos LLC, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EMBL Outstn European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Ctr Med Informat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. Royal Melbourne Hosp, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, Joint Proteom Lab, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. Royal Melbourne Hosp, Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. Univ Manchester, Sch Biol Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Manchester, Dept Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aebersold, R (reprint author), Inst Syst Biol, 1441 N 34th St, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM raebersold@systemsbiology.org RI Raught, Brian/A-5619-2008; Simpson, Richard/A-6947-2012; Eng, Jimmy/I-4202-2012; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Eng, Jimmy/C-6556-2017; OI Apweiler, Rolf/0000-0001-7078-200X; Eng, Jimmy/0000-0001-6352-6737; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Eng, Jimmy/0000-0001-6352-6737; McComb, Mark/0000-0002-4249-485X; Omenn, Gilbert S./0000-0002-8976-6074; Costello, Catherine/0000-0003-1594-5122; Hermjakob, Henning/0000-0001-8479-0262; Paton, Norman/0000-0003-2008-6617; Taylor, Christopher/0000-0002-9666-798X FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/B/12407]; NCI NIH HHS [1R33CA93302]; NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HV-28179] NR 15 TC 462 Z9 481 U1 5 U2 32 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1459 EP 1466 DI 10.1038/nbt1031 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 869CL UT WOS:000224960600040 PM 15529173 ER PT J AU Churchill, G Airey, DC Allayee, H Angel, JM Attie, AD Beatty, J Beavis, WD Belknap, JK Bennett, B Berrettini, W Bleich, A Bogue, M Broman, KW Buck, KJ Buckler, E Burmeister, M Chesler, EJ Cheverud, JM Clapcote, S Cook, MN Cox, RD Crabbe, JC Crusio, WE Darvasi, A Deschnepper, CF Doerge, RW Farber, CR Forejt, J Gaile, D Garlow, SJ Geiger, H Gershenfeld, H Gordon, T Gu, J Gu, WK de Haan, G Hayes, NL Heller, C Himmelbauer, H Hitzemann, R Hunter, K Hsu, HC Iraqi, FA Ivandic, B Jacob, HJ Jansen, RC Jjepsen, KJ Johnson, DK Johnson, TE Kempermann, G Kendziorski, C Kotb, M Kooy, RF Llamas, B Lammert, F Lassalle, JM Lowenstein, PR Lu, L Lusiss, A Manly, KF Marcucio, R Matthews, D Medrano, JF Miller, DR Mittleman, G Mock, BA Mogil, JS Montagutelli, X Morahan, G Morris, DG Mott, R Nadeau, JH Nagase, H Nowakowski, RS O'Hara, BF Osadchuk, AV Page, GP Paigen, B Paigen, K Palmer, AA Pan, HJ Peltonen-Palotie, L Peirce, J Pomp, D Pravenec, M Prows, DR Qi, ZH Reeves, RH Roder, J Rosen, GD Schadt, EE Schalkwyk, LC Seltzer, Z Shimomura, K Shou, SM Sillanpaa, MJ Siracusa, LD Snoeck, HW Spearow, JL Svenson, K Tarantino, LM Threadgill, D Toth, LA Valdar, W de Villena, FPM Warden, C Whatley, S Williams, RW Wiltshire, T Yi, NJ Zhang, DB Zhang, M Zou, F AF Churchill, G Airey, DC Allayee, H Angel, JM Attie, AD Beatty, J Beavis, WD Belknap, JK Bennett, B Berrettini, W Bleich, A Bogue, M Broman, KW Buck, KJ Buckler, E Burmeister, M Chesler, EJ Cheverud, JM Clapcote, S Cook, MN Cox, RD Crabbe, JC Crusio, WE Darvasi, A Deschnepper, CF Doerge, RW Farber, CR Forejt, J Gaile, D Garlow, SJ Geiger, H Gershenfeld, H Gordon, T Gu, J Gu, WK de Haan, G Hayes, NL Heller, C Himmelbauer, H Hitzemann, R Hunter, K Hsu, HC Iraqi, FA Ivandic, B Jacob, HJ Jansen, RC Jjepsen, KJ Johnson, DK Johnson, TE Kempermann, G Kendziorski, C Kotb, M Kooy, RF Llamas, B Lammert, F Lassalle, JM Lowenstein, PR Lu, L Lusiss, A Manly, KF Marcucio, R Matthews, D Medrano, JF Miller, DR Mittleman, G Mock, BA Mogil, JS Montagutelli, X Morahan, G Morris, DG Mott, R Nadeau, JH Nagase, H Nowakowski, RS O'Hara, BF Osadchuk, AV Page, GP Paigen, B Paigen, K Palmer, AA Pan, HJ Peltonen-Palotie, L Peirce, J Pomp, D Pravenec, M Prows, DR Qi, ZH Reeves, RH Roder, J Rosen, GD Schadt, EE Schalkwyk, LC Seltzer, Z Shimomura, K Shou, SM Sillanpaa, MJ Siracusa, LD Snoeck, HW Spearow, JL Svenson, K Tarantino, LM Threadgill, D Toth, LA Valdar, W de Villena, FPM Warden, C Whatley, S Williams, RW Wiltshire, T Yi, NJ Zhang, DB Zhang, M Zou, F CA Complex Trait Consortium TI The Collaborative Cross, a community resource for the genetic analysis of complex traits SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENT; STRAINS; MICE AB The goal of the Complex Trait Consortium is to promote the development of resources that can be used to understand, treat and ultimately prevent pervasive human diseases. Existing and proposed mouse resources that are optimized to study the actions of isolated genetic loci on a fixed background are less effective for studying intact polygenic networks and interactions among genes, environments, pathogens and other factors. The Collaborative Cross will provide a common reference panel specifically designed for the integrative analysis of complex systems and will change the way we approach human health and disease. C1 Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN USA. Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Sci Pk Res Div, Smithville, TX USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Genet, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Hannover Med Sch, Inst Lab Anim Sci & Cent Anim Facil, D-3000 Hannover, Germany. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR USA. Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY USA. Univ Michigan, Mental Hlth Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Univ Memphis, Dept Psychol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. QTL & Modifier Loci Grp, MRC Mammalian Genet Unit, Harwell, Oxon, England. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Brudnick Neuropsychiat Res Inst, Worcester, MA USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Alexander Silberman Inst Life Sci, Dept Evolut Systemat & Ecol, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. Inst Rech Clin Montreal, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada. Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. ASCR, Inst Genet Mol, Videnska, Czech Republic. SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Biostat, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Div Expt Hematol, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Univ Texas SW, Dallas, TX USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Orthopaed Surg Campbell Clin, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Dept Pathol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ctr Dis Connect Tissues, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Groningen, Dept Stem Cell Biol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Cell Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Berlin, Germany. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Alabama, Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL USA. Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. Univ Heidelberg, Dept Med 3, Heidelberg, Germany. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Physiol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Groningen Bioinformat Ctr, Inst Math & Comp Sci, Groningen, Netherlands. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, New York, NY USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mammalian Genet Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Charite Univ Med Berlin, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, Dept Expt Neurol, Berlin, Germany. Univ Wisconsin, Med Sci Ctr, Dept Biostat & Med Informat, Madison, WI USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Mol Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Antwerp, Dept Med Genet, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Aachen, Univ Hosp Aachen, Dept Med 3, Aachen, Germany. Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr Rech Cognit Anim, F-31062 Toulouse, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Gene Therapeut Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept MIMG, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Francisco, CA USA. NCI, CCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. McGill Univ, Ctr Res Pain, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Inst Pasteur, Unite Genet Mammiferes, Paris, France. Western Australian Inst Med Res, Ctr Diabet Res, Perth, WA, Australia. Yale Univ, Sch Med Pulm & Crit Care Med, New Haven, CT USA. Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cytol & Genet, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Columbia Genome Ctr, New York, NY USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Med Genet, Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Biomedicum Helsinki,Dept Mol Med, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Physiol, Prague, Czech Republic. Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Human Genet, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Nashville, TN USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Genet & Microbiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Rosetta Inpharmat LLC Merck & Co, Res Genet, Seattle, WA USA. Inst Psychiat, SGDP Ctr, London, England. Univ Toronto, Ctr Study Pain, Pain Genet & Phenom Res Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada. Program Neurosci, Toronto, ON, Canada. Northwestern Univ, Ctr Funct Genom, Evanston, IL USA. Shriners Hosp Crippled Children, Res Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Helsinki, Rolf Nevanlinna Inst, Dept Math & Stat, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Kimmel Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Cell & Gene Med, New York, NY USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Springfield, IL USA. KCL Inst Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, London, England. Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Churchill, G (reprint author), Jackson Lab, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. EM garyc@jax.org RI Threadgill, David/N-4425-2013; Deschepper, Christian/J-4783-2015; Crusio, Wim/A-7070-2008; Kooy, Frank/F-5276-2014; Kempermann, Gerd/F-5416-2010; Pravenec, Michal/B-1666-2012; Matthews, Douglas/F-6867-2012; Forejt, Jiri/G-7719-2012; Schalkwyk, Leonard/A-2150-2010; Burmeister, Margit/A-3157-2013; Jansen, Ritsert/C-1160-2013; Roder, John/G-6468-2013; Palmer, Abraham/L-2158-2014; de Haan, Gerald/D-2081-2015; Nowakowski, Richard/C-3217-2016 OI Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447; Threadgill, David/0000-0003-3538-1635; Deschepper, Christian/0000-0001-6234-4667; Rosen, Glenn/0000-0001-8281-5446; Nowakowski, Richard/0000-0002-5006-3670; Farber, Charles/0000-0002-6748-4711; Llamas, Bastien/0000-0002-5550-9176; Crusio, Wim/0000-0001-6638-202X; Kooy, Frank/0000-0003-2024-0485; Kempermann, Gerd/0000-0002-5304-4061; Forejt, Jiri/0000-0002-2793-3623; Schalkwyk, Leonard/0000-0001-7030-5756; Burmeister, Margit/0000-0002-1914-2434; Jansen, Ritsert/0000-0003-2977-9110; Palmer, Abraham/0000-0003-3634-0747; de Haan, Gerald/0000-0001-9706-0138; FU NIAAA NIH HHS [P60 AA010760] NR 16 TC 459 Z9 474 U1 4 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1133 EP 1137 DI 10.1038/ng1104-1133 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 867HI UT WOS:000224832800005 PM 15514660 ER PT J AU Patrinos, A AF Patrinos, A TI 'Race' and the human genome SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US DOE, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Patrinos, A (reprint author), US DOE, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 2 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 36 IS 11 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1038/ng2150 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 867PH UT WOS:000224854000001 PM 15510100 ER PT J AU Abe, E Yan, YF Pennycook, SJ AF Abe, E Yan, YF Pennycook, SJ TI Quasicrystals as cluster aggregates SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID AL-CO-NI; SOLIDIFICATION MORPHOLOGY; TRANSLATIONAL SYMMETRY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; PERIODIC CRYSTALS; ORDER; QUASICRYSTALS; ALLOYS; PHASE AB Quasicrystals are solids that exhibit symmetries long thought forbidden in nature. Since their discovery in a rapidly solidified Al-Mn alloy in 1984, the central issue in the field has been to understand why they form. Are they energetically stable compounds or stabilized by entropy? In recent years, major strides have been made in determining atomic structure, largely by direct imaging using advanced electron microscopy. One system is now known to be energetically stabilized, and quasicrystals are therefore firmly established as a new physical state of matter. They represent a unique packing of atomic clusters some tens of atoms in size, with substantial localized fluctuations, referred to as phasons. Understanding phasons may in future allow their unique macroscopic properties to be tailored for useful materials applications. C1 Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pennycook, SJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Sci, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. NR 65 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 3 IS 11 BP 759 EP 767 DI 10.1038/nmat1244 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 866QA UT WOS:000224786800014 PM 15516956 ER PT J AU Cheng, KW Lahad, JP Kuo, WL Lapuk, A Yamada, K Auersperg, N Liu, JS Smith-McCune, K Lu, KH Fishman, D Gray, JW Mills, GB AF Cheng, KW Lahad, JP Kuo, WL Lapuk, A Yamada, K Auersperg, N Liu, JS Smith-McCune, K Lu, KH Fishman, D Gray, JW Mills, GB TI The RAB25 small GTPase determines aggressiveness of ovarian and breast cancers SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; PUTATIVE ONCOGENE; CARCINOMAS; PROTEIN; TUMORS; TUMORIGENESIS; IMBALANCES; APOPTOSIS; PATHWAY AB High-density array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)(1) showed amplification of chromosome 1q22 centered on the RAB25 small GTPase(2), which is implicated in apical vesicle trafficking(3), in approximately half of ovarian and breast cancers. RAB25 mRNA levels were selectively increased in stage III and IV serous epithelial ovarian cancers compared to other genes within the amplified region, implicating RAB25 as a driving event in the development of the amplicon. Increased DNA copy number or RNA level of RAB25 was associated with markedly decreased disease-free survival or overall survival in ovarian and breast cancers, respectively. Forced expression of RAB25 markedly increased anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell proliferation, prevented apoptosis and anoikis, including that induced by chemotherapy, and increased aggressiveness of cancer cells in vivo. The inhibition of apoptosis was associated with a decrease in expression of the proapoptotic molecules, BAK and BAX, and activation of the antiapoptotic phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and AKT pathway, providing potential mechanisms for the effects of RAB25 on tumor aggressiveness. Overall, these studies implicate RAB25, and thus the RAB family of small G proteins, in aggressiveness of epithelial cancers. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Mol Therapeut, Houston, TX 77054 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V5, Canada. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Mills, GB (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Mol Therapeut, Houston, TX 77054 USA. EM gmills@mdanderson.org FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA64602, P30 CA16672-28, P50-CA83639] NR 29 TC 281 Z9 294 U1 4 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1251 EP 1256 DI 10.1038/nm1125 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 866PR UT WOS:000224785900049 PM 15502842 ER PT J AU Vila-Sanjurjo, A Schuwirth, BS Hau, CW Cate, JHD AF Vila-Sanjurjo, A Schuwirth, BS Hau, CW Cate, JHD TI Structural basis for the control of translation initiation during stress SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 30S RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT; TRANSFER-RNA BINDING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INHIBITS TRANSLATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; P-SITE; SHOCK; IDENTIFICATION; ERRORS AB During environmental stress, organisms limit protein synthesis by storing inactive ribosomes that are rapidly reactivated when conditions improve. Here we present structural and biochemical data showing that protein Y, an Escherichia coli stress protein, fills the tRNA- and mRNA-binding channel of the small ribosomal subunit to stabilize intact ribosomes. Protein Y inhibits translation initiation during cold shock but not at normal temperatures. Furthermore, protein Y competes with conserved translation initiation factors that, in bacteria, are required for ribosomal subunit dissociation. The mechanism used by protein Y to reduce translation initiation during stress and quickly release ribosomes for renewed translation initiation may therefore occur widely in nature. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cate, JHD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcate@lbl.gov RI vila-sanjurjo, anton/L-1941-2014 OI vila-sanjurjo, anton/0000-0001-7820-1644 NR 43 TC 80 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1545-9985 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1054 EP 1059 DI 10.1038/nsmb850 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 867MV UT WOS:000224847600014 PM 15502846 ER PT J AU Kenyon, GT Theiler, J George, JS Travis, BJ Marshak, DW AF Kenyon, GT Theiler, J George, JS Travis, BJ Marshak, DW TI Correlated firing improves stimulus discrimination in a retinal model SO NEURAL COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID LATERAL GENICULATE-NUCLEUS; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX; OSCILLATORY NEURONAL SYNCHRONIZATION; GANGLION-CELL RESPONSES; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX; AWAKE MONKEYS; POTENTIALS; CONNECTIONS; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY AB Synchronous firing limits the amount of information that can be extracted by averaging the firing rates of similarly tuned neurons. Here, we show that the loss of such rate-coded information due to synchronous oscillations between retinal ganglion cells can be overcome by exploiting the information encoded by the correlations themselves. Two very different models, one based on axon-mediated inhibitory feedback and the other on oscillatory common input, were used to generate artificial spike trains whose synchronous oscillations were similar to those measured experimentally. Pooled spike trains were summed into a threshold detector whose output was classified using Bayesian discrimination. For a threshold detector with short summation times, realistic oscillatory input yielded superior discrimination of stimulus intensity compared to rate-matched Poisson controls. Even for summation times too long to resolve synchronous inputs, gamma band oscillations still contributed to improved discrimination by reducing the total spike count variability, or Fano factor. In separate experiments in which neurons were synchronized in a stimulus-dependent manner without attendant oscillations, the Fano factor increased markedly with stimulus intensity, implying that stimulus-dependent oscillations can offset the increased variability due to synchrony alone. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Neurobiol & Anat, Sch Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kenyon, GT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gkenyon@lanl.gov; jtheiler@lanl.gov; isg@lanl.gov; bjtravis@lanl.gov; david.w.marshak@uth.tmc.dn FU NEI NIH HHS [EY06472]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS38310] NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0899-7667 J9 NEURAL COMPUT JI Neural Comput. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2261 EP 2291 DI 10.1162/0899766041941916 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 859EU UT WOS:000224247000003 PM 15476601 ER PT J AU Yiannoutsos, CT Ernst, T Chang, L Lee, PL Richards, T Marra, CM Meyerhoff, DJ Jarvik, JG Kolson, D Schifitto, G Ellis, RJ Swindells, S Simpson, DM Miller, EN Gonzalez, RG Navia, BA AF Yiannoutsos, CT Ernst, T Chang, L Lee, PL Richards, T Marra, CM Meyerhoff, DJ Jarvik, JG Kolson, D Schifitto, G Ellis, RJ Swindells, S Simpson, DM Miller, EN Gonzalez, RG Navia, BA TI Regional patterns of brain metabolites in AIDS dementia complex SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE MRS; factor analysis; AIDS; brain metabolism; HIV dementia ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; HIV-RELATED ENCEPHALOPATHY; PROTON MR SPECTROSCOPY; SEROPOSITIVE INDIVIDUALS; MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION; NEOCORTICAL DAMAGE; POSITIVE PATIENTS; FRONTAL-LOBE; ABNORMALITIES AB The relationship of the cellular changes in the HIV-infected brain to the onset and progression of AIDS dementia complex (ADC) remains uncertain. We undertook an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study and used factor analysis to identify specific cellular and regional brain changes that may serve as metabolic markers of ADC. The ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myoinositol (MI) over creatine (Cr), markers of neuronal and glial cell metabolism, were measured in the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, and parietal cortex from 100 subjects with and without ADC. Three metabolic patterns were identified, which we termed "inflammatory" (mainly MI/Cr elevations in all three regions plus Cho/Cr increases in the centrum semiovale and parietal cortex), "basal ganglia"(mostly NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr elevations in the basal ganglia), and "neuronal" (primarily NAA/Cr reductions in the centrum serniovale and the parietal cortex). Logistic regression analysis revealed that, adjusted for age, basal ganglia and neuronal pattern scores were strongly associated with ADC but inflammatory levels were not. We conclude that by using factor analysis, we are able to combine multiple metabolites across brain regions in a biologically plausible manner and construct a predictive model of ADC adjusting for relevant factors such as age. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Biostat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Yiannoutsos, CT (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Biostat, 1050 Wishard Blvd,RG 4101, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM cyiannou@iupui.edu RI Ellis, Ronald/K-3543-2015; OI Ellis, Ronald/0000-0003-4931-752X; Miller, Eric/0000-0002-0650-714X FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01RR13213, RR-00071]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-38855]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01MH64409]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01NS34626, R01NS36524, R01NS38834] NR 45 TC 54 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD NOV PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3 BP 928 EP 935 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.033 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 873BP UT WOS:000225254100015 PM 15528093 ER PT J AU Pareto, D Alvarado, M Hanrahan, SM Biegon, A AF Pareto, D Alvarado, M Hanrahan, SM Biegon, A TI In vivo occupancy of female rat brain estrogen receptors by 17 beta-estradiol and tamoxifen SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE SERMs; 16 alpha-[F-18]fluoroestradiol; 11 beta-methoxy-16 alpha-[I-125]iodo-estradiol; autoradiography ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BETA MESSENGER-RNA; BREAST-CANCER; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BINDING-SITES; ESTRADIOL PROTECTS; HORMONE-THERAPY; ALPHA; EXPRESSION; LOCALIZATION AB Estrogens or antiestrogens are currently used by millions of women, but the interaction of these hormonal agents with brain estrogen receptors (ER) in vivo has not been characterized to date. Our goal was to assess, in vivo, the extent and regional distribution of brain ER occupancy in rats chronically exposed to 17beta-estradiol (E-2) or tamoxifen (TAM). For that purpose, female ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with subcutaneous pellets containing either placebo (OVX), E-2, or TAM for 3 weeks. ER occupancy in grossly dissected regions was quantified with 16alpha-[F-18]fluoroestradiol ([F-18]FES). Both E-2 and TAM produced significant decreases in radioligand uptake in the brain although the effect of E-2 was larger and more widespread than the effect of TAM. Detailed regional analysis of the interaction was then undertaken using a radioiodinated ligand, 11beta-methoxy-16alpha-[I-125]iodo-estradiol ([I-125]MIE2), and quantitative ex vivo autoradiography. E2 treatment resulted in near-complete (86.6 +/- 17.5%) inhibition of radioligand accumulation throughout the brain, while ER occupancy in the TAM group showed a marked regional distribution such that percentage inhibition ranged from 40.5 +/- 15.6 in the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus to 84.6 +/- 4.5 in the cortical amygdala. These results show that exposure to pharmacologically relevant levels of TAM produces a variable, region-specific pattern of brain ER occupancy, which may be influenced by the regional proportion of ER receptor subtypes. These findings may partially explain the highly variable and region-specific effects observed in neurochemical, metabolic, and functional studies of the effects of TAM in the brain of experimental animals as well as human subjects. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Illinois, Neurosci Program, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Biegon, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM biegon@bnl.gov NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD NOV PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3 BP 1161 EP 1167 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.036 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 873BP UT WOS:000225254100037 PM 15528115 ER PT J AU Holm, DD Putkaradze, V Stechmann, SN AF Holm, DD Putkaradze, V Stechmann, SN TI Rotating concentric circular peakons SO NONLINEARITY LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; EQUATIONS AB We study circularly symmetric solution behaviour of invariant manifolds of singular solutions of the partial differential equation EPDiff for geodesic flow of a pressureless fluid whose kinetic energy is the H-1 norm of the fluid velocity. These singular solutions describe interaction dynamics on lower-dimensional support sets, for example, curves, or filaments, of momentum in the plane. The 2 + 1 solutions we study are planar generalizations of the 1 + 1 peakon solutions of Camassa and Holm (1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1661-4) for shallow water solitons. As an example,,we study the canonical Hamiltonian interaction dynamics of N rotating concentric circles of peakons whose solution manifold is 2N-dimensional. Thus, the problem is reduced from infinite dimensions to a finite-dimensional, canonical, invariant manifold. We show both analytical and numerical results. Just as occurs in soliton dynamics, these solutions are found to exhibit elastic collision behaviour. That is, their interactions exchange momentum and angular momentum but do not excite any internal degrees of freedom. One expects the same,type of elastic collision behaviour to occur in other, more geometrically complicated cases. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10025 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Dept Math, London SW7 2AZ, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holm, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dholm@lanl.gov; putkarad@math.unm.edu; sam@t7.lanl.gov OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-7715 J9 NONLINEARITY JI Nonlinearity PD NOV PY 2004 VL 17 IS 6 BP 2163 EP 2186 AR PII S0951-7715(04)68228-X DI 10.1088/0951-7715/17/6/008 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 874ER UT WOS:000225334200009 ER PT J AU Tuli, JK AF Tuli, JK TI Untitled SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ODD-ODD NUCLEI; FLUORESCENCE YIELDS; A NUCLEI; TRANSITIONS; STATES C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tuli, JK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD NOV PY 2004 VL 103 IS 3 BP I EP XI PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 882HB UT WOS:000225928900001 ER PT J AU Tuli, JK AF Tuli, JK TI Nuclear data sheets for A=70 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; LOW-LYING STATES; NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; ALPHA' INELASTIC-SCATTERING; EVEN GERMANIUM ISOTOPES; GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; 64ZN 66ZN 68ZN; 50 MEV PROTONS; TO-Z NUCLEI; GE ISOTOPES AB The last complete evaluation 1987Bh01, Nuclear Data Sheets 51, 95 (1987), and its 1993 update, 1993Bh01. Nuclear Data Sheets 68, 117 (1993) for A=70 has been revised using experimental decay and reaction data received by the cutoff date noted below. Some of the noteworthy features of this evaluation are: 1. Very unstable nuclides, Ca-70, Sc-70, Ti-70, Cr-70, Rb-70, Sr-70 have not been observed. 2. Half-life has been measured for Fe-70. 3. Decay of Co-70 isomers has been studied. 4. A third isomer in Cu-70 has been observed and decays for all three isomers have been studied. 5. A new decay scheme for Ni-70 has been prepared. 6. New levels in Zn-70 from Cu-70 decay have been seen. 7. In As-70 many more levels with better Jpi values have been reported. 8. Br-70 epsilon decay to Se-70 has been studied. 9. A new Br-70 level scheme has been added. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tuli, JK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 237 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD NOV PY 2004 VL 103 IS 3 BP 389 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.005 PG 124 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 882HB UT WOS:000225928900002 ER PT J AU Akovali, YA AF Akovali, YA TI Nuclear data sheets for A=243 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID SPONTANEOUSLY FISSIONING ISOMERS; NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION; ALPHA-DECAY PROPERTIES; ODD-MASS NUCLEI; N-GAMMA-F; CROSS-SECTIONS; HALF-LIFE; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; MATRIX-ELEMENTS AB Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of all nuclei with mass numbers A=243 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated and compared. Adopted data, levels, spin, parity and configuration assignments are given. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties or/and theoretical calculations are quoted. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also noted. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 225 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD NOV PY 2004 VL 103 IS 3 BP 515 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.006 PG 49 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 882HB UT WOS:000225928900003 ER PT J AU Medley, SS Gorelenkov, NN Andre, R Bell, RE Darrow, DS Fredrickson, ED Kaye, SM LeBlanc, BP Roquemore, AL AF Medley, SS Gorelenkov, NN Andre, R Bell, RE Darrow, DS Fredrickson, ED Kaye, SM LeBlanc, BP Roquemore, AL CA NSTX Team TI MHD-induced energetic ion loss during H-mode discharges in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; HARMONIC FAST-WAVE; ASPECT-RATIO; BEAM IONS; DRIVEN INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAK EXPERIMENT; EXPERIMENT NSTX; LONG-PULSE; HIGH-BETA; PLASMAS AB Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) induced energetic ion loss in neutral beam heated H-mode discharges in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is discussed. After H-mode onset, the neutral particle analyser (NPA) spectrum usually exhibits a significant loss of energetic ions mainly for E > E-b/2 where E-b is the beam injection energy, although this loss occasionally extends to lower energy. The magnitude of the energetic ion loss diminishes with increasing tangency radius of the NPA sightline, increasing the toroidal field and the neutral beam injection energy. Modelling suggests that MHD-induced ion loss is enhanced during H-mode operation due to an evolution of the q and beam deposition profiles that feeds both passing and trapped ions into the region of the plasma affected by the low-n MHD activity. It must be emphasized that this loss mechanism is a pressure profile effect that can sometimes occur in unusually high density L-mode discharges, but almost always is observed in H-mode discharges because of the intrinsic broad electron density profile. Analysis of the particle interaction with a model magnetic perturbation supports the energy selectivity of the observed MHD-induced loss. Transport analysis using a fast-ion diffusion model to emulate MHD-induced energetic ion loss shows significant modifications of the heating produced by the neutral beam which changes the inferred power balance, thermal diffusivities and the thermal energy confinement time. In the case cited herein, MHD-induced energetic ion loss increased the thermal energy confinement, tau(E), by similar to15% and reduced the toroidal beta, beta(T), by similar to7%. An accounting of energetic ion loss is therefore important for proper analysis of power balance and transport in plasmas exhibiting MHD-induced energetic ion loss. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Medley, SS (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM medley@pppl.gov NR 61 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2004 VL 44 IS 11 BP 1158 EP 1175 AR PII S0029-5515(04)87399-X DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/11/002 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 877VZ UT WOS:000225603700004 ER PT J AU La Haye, RJ Bondeson, A Chu, MS Garofalo, AM Liu, YQ Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Reimerdes, H Strait, EJ AF La Haye, RJ Bondeson, A Chu, MS Garofalo, AM Liu, YQ Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Reimerdes, H Strait, EJ TI Scaling of the critical plasma rotation for stabilization of the n=1 resistive wall mode (ideal kink) in the DIII-D tokamak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID BETA-LIMIT; STABILITY AB Experiments in the DIII-D tokamak show that the n = 1 ideal kink can be stabilized by a resistive wall if the plasma is rotating fast enough. A database of the onset of the n = 1 resistive wall mode as a function of the equilibrium toroidal magnetic field, the plasma density and the toroidal rotation has been assembled for plasmas with beta between the theoretically predicted no wall and ideal wall stability limits. The critical rotation frequency is found to scale as the inverse of the Alfven time with omega(phi)tau(A) approximate to 0.02 (evaluated at the q = 2 surface at rho approximate to 0.6) or omega(phi)tau(S) approximate to 0. 7, where tau(S) is the sound time. The dependence of omega(phi)tau(A) or omega(phi)tau(S) on beta(N)/beta(N,no wall) from 1-2 is weak and suggests the plasmas are in the 'intermediate dissipation' regime. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Chalmers Univ Technol, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP La Haye, RJ (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 16 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2004 VL 44 IS 11 BP 1197 EP 1203 AR PII S0029-5515(04)81548-5 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/11/005 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 877VZ UT WOS:000225603700007 ER PT J AU Geurts, F Shao, M Bonner, B Chen, H Dong, X Eppley, G Huang, S Li, C Li, J Llope, W Nussbaum, T Ruan, L Roberts, J Schambach, J Wang, X Wu, J Xu, Z AF Geurts, F Shao, M Bonner, B Chen, H Dong, X Eppley, G Huang, S Li, C Li, J Llope, W Nussbaum, T Ruan, L Roberts, J Schambach, J Wang, X Wu, J Xu, Z TI Performance of the prototype MRPC detector for STAR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors CY OCT 20-22, 2003 CL Clermont Ferrand, FRANCE SP IN2P3, CNRS, Univ Blaise Pascal Clermont Ferrand, Lab Phys Corpusculaire Clermont Ferrand, Conseil Gen Puy Dome, Ville Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Communaute DE resistive plate chambers; time-of-flight; particle identification; gaseous detectors AB A prototype 168-channel multi-gap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) time-of-flight system for the STAR experiment at RHIC was completed in February 2002, tested for 10 weeks at the AGS at BNL, and installed in the STAR detector for the 2002-2003 physics run. At the AGS, the MRPC detectors were operated on a number of different gas mixtures, high voltages, and threshold voltages. The results for detection efficiency, time resolution, streamer probability, and noise rates are presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Geurts, F (reprint author), Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM geurts@physics.rice.edu RI Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014 OI Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906 NR 5 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 533 IS 1-2 BP 60 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.001 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 868CK UT WOS:000224890000014 ER PT J AU Repond, J AF Repond, J TI A digital hadron calorimeter with Resistive Plate Chambers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors CY OCT 20-22, 2003 CL Clermont Ferrand, FRANCE SP IN2P3, CNRS, Univ Blaise Pascal Clermont Ferrand, Lab Phys Corpusculaire Clermont Ferrand, Conseil Gen Puy Dome, Ville Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Communaute DE Resistive Plate Chambers; calorimetry; linear collider AB The concept of a digital hadron calorimeter for the Linear Collider is presented. The R&D effort to develop an active medium with the required spatial segmentation using Resistive Plate Chambers is reviewed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Repond, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM repond@hep.anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 533 IS 1-2 BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.014 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 868CK UT WOS:000224890000027 ER PT J AU Hirano, T Nara, Y AF Hirano, T Nara, Y TI Hydrodynamic afterburner for the color glass condensate and the parton energy loss SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HIGH TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; ELLIPTIC FLOW; CHEMICAL EQUILIBRATION; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; MINIJET PRODUCTION AB We take hydrodynamic initial conditions in relativistic heavy ion collisions from the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) picture through the k(T) factorization formula. Gluon distributions produced from the CGC are found to provide good initial conditions for the hydrodynamic simulations in An + An collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energies. We reproduce the centrality, rapidity, and energy dependences of multiplicity within this approach. We also investigate the energy loss of high p(T) partons in the dense thermalized medium created from colliding two CGCs. We find that our results on the centrality dependence of nuclear modification factors for pions and back-to-back correlation for charged hadrons at midrapidity are consistent with the RHIC data up to semicentral events. Whereas, our approach in which jets are calculated from perturbative QCD 2 --> 2 processes predicts less suppression at forward rapidity region compared to the BRAHMS data in Au + Au collisions at RHIC. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hirano@bnl.gov NR 168 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 743 IS 4 BP 305 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.08.003 PG 24 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 860NQ UT WOS:000224350700006 ER PT J AU Kharzeev, D Levin, E Nardi, M AF Kharzeev, D Levin, E Nardi, M TI QCD saturation and deuteron-nucleus collisions (vol 730, pg 448, 2004) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Correction C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, HEP Dept, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. DESY, Theory Grp, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Teor, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Kharzeev, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kharzeev@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 743 IS 4 BP 329 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.06.022 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 860NQ UT WOS:000224350700007 ER PT J AU de los Heros, C Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrecht, P Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulauke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G AF de los Heros, C Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrecht, P Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulauke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G TI Results from the AMANDA neutrino telescope SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cosmic Ray Internation Seminsr on GZK and Surroundings (CRIS 2004) CY MAY 31-JUN 06, 2004 CL Catania, ITALY ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS AB We review recent results from AMANDA on the search for cosmic point sources of neutrinos, both in the diffuse and point-like channels. Assuming a E-2 spectral shape of the neutrino energy at the source, we derive limits on the diffuse v, flux as well as in the all-flavour diffuse flux from the cascade search. We report limits on selected point sources as well as on GRB searches. We present results on primary cosmic CR composition in the range similar to100 TeV-PeV obtained with the help of the SPASE air shower array run in coincidence with AMANDA. C1 Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. BUGH Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Kalmar, Dept Chem & Biomed Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. RP de los Heros, C (reprint author), Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Kampert, Karl-Heinz/0000-0002-2805-0195; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 136 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.10.003 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 887IU UT WOS:000226300000013 ER PT J AU Ueki, T Brown, FB Parsons, DK Warsa, JS AF Ueki, T Brown, FB Parsons, DK Warsa, JS TI Time series analysis of Monte Carlo fission sources - I: Dominance ratio computation SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CRITICALITY CALCULATIONS; BIASES AB In the nuclear engineering community, the error propagation of the Monte Carlo fission source distribution through cycles is known to be a linear Markov process when the number of histories per cycle is sufficiently large. In the statistics community, linear Markov processes with linear observation functions are known to have an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) representation of orders p and p - 1. Therefore, one can perform ARMA fitting of the binned Monte Carlo fission source in order to compute physical and statistical quantities relevant to nuclear criticality analysis. In this work, the ARMA fitting of a binary Monte Carlo fission source has been successfully developed as a method to compute the dominance ratio, i.e., the ratio of the second-largest to the largest eigenvalues. The method is free of binning mesh refinement and does not require the alteration of the basic source iteration cycle algorithm. Numerical results are presented for problems with one-group isotropic, two-group linearly anisotropic, and continuous-energy cross sections. Also, a strategy for the analysis of eigenmodes higher than the second-largest eigenvalue is demonstrated numerically. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ueki, T (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM tueki@unm.edu NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 3 BP 374 EP 390 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870WS UT WOS:000225090100002 ER PT J AU Booth, TE AF Booth, TE TI Ex post facto Monte Carlo variance reduction SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The variance in Monte Carlo particle transport calculations is often dominated by a few particles whose importance increases manyfold on a single transport step. This paper describes a novel variance reduction method that uses a large importance change as a trigger to resample the offending transport step. That is, the method is employed only after (ex post facto) a random walk attempts a transport step that would otherwise introduce a large variance in the calculation. Improvements in two Monte Carlo transport calculations are demonstrated empirically using an ex post facto method. First, the method is shown to reduce the variance in a penetration problem with a cross-section window. Second, the method empirically appears to modify a point detector estimator from an infinite variance estimator to a finite variance estimator. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Diagnost Applicat Grp X 5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Booth, TE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Diagnost Applicat Grp X 5, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM teb@lanl.gov NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 3 BP 391 EP 402 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870WS UT WOS:000225090100003 ER PT J AU Nieto, MM AF Nieto, MM TI Resource note on photofission of nuclei for U-235 and Pu-239 detection SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PHOTONEUTRON CROSS-SECTIONS; FISSILE ELEMENT SEPARATION; RADIOACTIVE-WASTE DRUMS; NEUTRON MULTIPLICITIES; 12-30-MEV BREMSSTRAHLUNG; MONOENERGETIC PHOTONS; DELAYED NEUTRONS; PRODUCT YIELDS; KINETIC-ENERGY; FRAGMENT MASS AB Open-source data exist, in widely scattered places, on photofission of the important nuclear isotopes U-235 and Pu-239. These data are useful for studies aimed at detecting these materials at ports of entry. An introductory survey is given to access that data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nieto, MM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8,MS-B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mmn@lanl.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 3 BP 458 EP 461 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 870WS UT WOS:000225090100010 ER PT J AU Itamura, MT Francis, ND Webb, SW James, DL AF Itamura, MT Francis, ND Webb, SW James, DL TI In-drift natural convection analysis of the low-temperature operating mode design SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Yucca Mountain; waste package temperature; natural convection AB Yucca Mountain has been designated as the nation's high-level radioactive waste repository' and the U.S. Department of Energy has been approved to apply to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission for a license to construct a repository. The temperature and humidity inside the emplacement drift will affect the degradation rate of the waste packages and wastefonns as well as the quantity of water available to transport dissolved radio-nuclides out of the waste canister. Thermal radiation and turbulent natural convection are the main modes of heat transfer inside the drift. This paper presents the result of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations of a segment of emplacement drift. The model contained the three main types of waste packages and was run at the time that the peak waste package temperatures are expected. Results show that thermal radiation is the dominant mode of heat transfer inside the drift. Natural convection affects the variation in surface temperature on the hot waste packages and can account for a large fraction of the heat transfer for the colder waste packages. The paper also presents the sensitivity of model results to uncertainties in several input parameters. The sensitivity stud-A; shows that the uncertainty in peak waste package temperatures due to in-drift parameters is <3degreesC. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Itamura, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM mtitamu@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 115 EP 124 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000003 ER PT J AU Glascoe, LG Buscheck, TA Gansemer, J Sun, YW Lee, K AF Glascoe, LG Buscheck, TA Gansemer, J Sun, YW Lee, K TI Multiscale thermohydrologic model analyses of heterogeneity and thermal-loading factors for a proposed nuclear waste repository SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Yucca Mountain; thermal hydrology; multiscale modeling ID YUCCA MOUNTAIN; FLOW AB The MultiScale ThernioHydrologic Model (MSTHM) is used to predict thermal-hydrologic conditions in emplacement drifts and the adjoining host rock throughout a proposed nuclear waste repository. This modeling effort simulates a lower-temperature operation mode with a different panel loading than the repository currently being considered for the Yucca Mountain license application. Simulations address the influence of repository-scale thermal-conductivity heterogeneity and the influence of preclosure operational factors on thermal-loading conditions. MSTHM can accommodate a complex repository layout, a development that, along with other improvements, enables more rigorous analyses of preclosure operational factors. Differences in MSTHM output occurring with these new capabilities are noted for a new sequential waste-package-loading technique compared with a standard simultaneous- loading technique. Alternative approaches to modeling repositoryscale thermal-conductivity heterogeneity in the host-rock units are investigated, and a study incorporating geostatistically varied host-rock thermal conductivity is discussed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Glascoe, LG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mailstop L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM glascoe1@llnl.gov RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 125 EP 137 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000004 ER PT J AU Birkholzer, JT Mukhopadhyay, S Tsang, YYW AF Birkholzer, JT Mukhopadhyay, S Tsang, YYW TI The impact of preferential flow on the vaporization barrier above waste emplacement drifts at Yucca Mountain, Nevada SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE finger flow; unsaturated tuff; vaporization ID SATURATED FRACTURED TUFF; THERMOHYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS; SEEPAGE; INFILTRATION; ROCK AB Predicting the amount of water that may seep into waste emplacement drifts is important for assessing the performance of the proposed geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The repository would be located in thick, partially saturated, fractured volcanic tuff that will be heated to above-boiling temperatures as a result Of heat generation from the decay of nuclear waste. Since infiltrating water will be subject to vigorous boiling for a significant time period, the superheated rock zone (i.e., rock temperature above the boiling point of water) can form an effective vaporization barrier that reduces the possibility of water arrival at emplacement drifts. This paper analyzes the behavior of episodic preferential flow events that penetrate the hot fractured rock, evaluate the impact of such flow behavior on the effectiveness of the vaporization barrier, and discuss the implications for the performance assessment of the repository. Our analysis demonstrates that no liquid water is expected to arrive at emplacement drifts during the first several hundred years after waste emplacement, when the rock temperature is high in the drift vicinity and boiling conditions exist in a sufficiently large region above the drifts. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Birkholzer, JT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011 OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 138 EP 150 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000005 ER PT J AU Molinero-Huguet, J Samper-Calvete, FJ Zhang, GX Yang, CB AF Molinero-Huguet, J Samper-Calvete, FJ Zhang, GX Yang, CB TI Biogeochemical reactive transport model of the redox zone experiment of the Aspo hard rock laboratory in Sweden SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE reactive transport modeling; microbial processes; Aspo Laboratory ID VERTICAL FRACTURE-ZONE; MULTICOMPONENT TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER-FLOW; SHALLOW-WATER; SIMULATION; INTRUSION AB Underground facilities are being operated by several countries around the world for performing research and demonstration of the safety of deep radioactive waste repositories. The Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory is one such facility; launched and operated by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company where various in situ experiments have been performed in fractured granites. One such experiment is the redox zone experiment, which aimed at evaluating the effects of the construction of an access tunnel on the hydrochemical conditions of a fracture zone. Dilution of the initially saline groundwater by fresh recharge water is the dominant process controlling the hydrochemical evolution of most chemical species, except for bicarbonate and sulfate, which unexpectedly increase with time. We present a numerical model of waterflow, reactive transport, and microbial processes for the redox zone experiment. This model provides a plausible quantitatively based explanation for the unexpected evolution of bicarbonate and sulfate, reproduces the breakthrough curves of other reactive species, and is consistent with previous hydro-geological and solute transport models. C1 Univ Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politecn Super, Lugo 27002, Spain. Univ A Coruna, ETS Ingn Caminos, La Coruna 15192, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Molinero-Huguet, J (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politecn Super, Campus Univ S-N, Lugo 27002, Spain. EM molinero@lugo.usc.es RI yang, changbing/A-3097-2009; Samper, Javier /F-7311-2016 OI yang, changbing/0000-0002-2442-2270; Samper, Javier /0000-0002-9532-8433 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 151 EP 165 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000006 ER PT J AU Fortner, JA Finch, RJ Kropf, AJ Cunnane, JC AF Fortner, JA Finch, RJ Kropf, AJ Cunnane, JC TI Re-evaluating neptunium in uranyl phases derived from corroded spent fuel SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE EXAFS; neptunium; repository ID CORROSION; RELEASE AB Interest in mechanisms that may control radioelement release from corroded commercial spent nuclear fuel (CSNF) has been heightened by the selection of the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada as the repository for high-level nuclear waste in the United States. Neptunium is an important radionuclide in repository models owing to its relatively long half-life and its high aqueous mobility as neptunyl [Np(V)O-2(+)]. The possibility of neptunium sequestration into uranyl alteration phases produced by corroding CSNF would suggest a process for lowering neptunium concentration and subsequent migration from a geologic repository. However, there remains little experimental evidence that uranyl compounds will, in fact, serve as long-term host phases for the retention of neptunium under conditions expected in a deep geologic repository. To directly explore this possibility, we examined specimens of uranyl alteration phases derived from humid-air-corroded CSNF by X-ray absorption spectroscopy to better determine neptunium uptake in these phases. Although neptunium fluorescence was readily observed from as-received CSNF, it was not observed from the uranyl alteration rind. We establish upper limits for neptunium incorporation into CSNF alteration phases that are significantly below previously reported concentrations obtained by using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). We attribute the discrepancy to a plural-scattering event that creates a spurious EELSpeak at the neptunium-Mv energy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fortner, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fortner@cmt.anl.gov RI Finch, Robert/D-9553-2013; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 OI Finch, Robert/0000-0001-9342-5574; NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 174 EP 180 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000008 ER PT J AU Kawasaki, D Ahn, J Chambre, PL Halsey, WG AF Kawasaki, D Ahn, J Chambre, PL Halsey, WG TI Congruent release of long-lived radionuclides from multiple canister arrays SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT !0th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL Las Vegas, NV DE congruent release; canister array configuration; leach time ID LEVEL-WASTE REPOSITORY AB Results are presented of an analytical study of mass release of a long-lived radionuclide front multiple waste canisters placed in a water-saturated repository in a two-dimensional array configuration. The radionuclide is assumed to be released congruently with the dissolution of the waste matrix. The concentration and release rate of the radionuclide from the downstream side of the repository region. are numerically calculated to observe the effects of canister multiplicity and the leach time of the waste form. Peak values of the concentration and the release rate have been analytically-formulated. For numerical illustration, the case of a Japanese repository concept is considered, where canisters containing vitrified wastes are placed in a water-saturated granitic rock. For the illustration, the nuclide Cs-135 is chosen, which is characterized by a long half-life and high mobility in the assumed geologic media. The peak exit concentration becomes independent of the number of waste canisters in the flow direction if the number is sufficiently great. This peak value is a theoretical upper bound of the exit concentration, regardless of the number of canisters or the waste matrix leach time. The model is suitable for assisting in the design of a repository since the effects of the canister array configuration are reflected by the peak exit concentration and the peak release rate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kawasaki, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ahn@nuc.berkeley.edu NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 181 EP 193 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 869PH UT WOS:000224996000009 ER PT J AU Spall, RE Richards, A McEligot, DM AF Spall, RE Richards, A McEligot, DM TI An assessment of k-omega and v(2)-f turbulence models for strongly heated internal gas flows SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ANNULAR FUEL CHANNEL; CIRCULAR TUBES; NUMERICAL PREDICTION; LAMINARIZATION; LAYER; RIBS AB Both k-omega and v(2)-f turbulence models are used to model an axisymmetric, strongly heated, low-Mach-number gas flowing upward within a vertical tube in which forced convection is dominant. The heating rates are sufficiently high, so that fluid properties vary significantly in both the axial and radial directions; consequently, fully developed mean flow profiles do not evolve. Comparisons between computational results and experimental results, which exist in the literature, reveal that the v(2)-f model performs quite well in predicting axial wall temperatures, and mean velocity and temperature profiles. This may be contrasted with the k-omega model results, in which the wall heat transfer rates and near-wall velocities are significantly overpredicted. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, UMC 4130, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Spall, RE (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, UMC 4130, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM spall@engineering.usu.edu NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-7782 J9 NUMER HEAT TR A-APPL JI Numer. Heat Tranf. A-Appl. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 9 BP 831 EP 849 DI 10.1080/104077890504032 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA 866BY UT WOS:000224749100001 ER PT J AU Kwit, C Levey, DJ Greenberg, CH AF Kwit, C Levey, DJ Greenberg, CH TI Contagious seed dispersal beneath heterospecific fruiting trees and its consequences SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID TERM APPARENT COMPETITION; MOIST TROPICAL FOREST; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; WOODY-PLANTS; COSTA-RICA; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; RECRUITMENT AB An hypothesized advantage of seed dispersal is avoidance of high per capita mortality (i.e. density-dependent mortality) associated with dense populations of seeds and seedlings beneath parent trees. This hypothesis, inherent in nearly all seed dispersal studies, assumes that density effects are species-specific. Yet because many tree species exhibit overlapping fruiting phenologies and share dispersers, seeds may be deposited preferentially under synchronously fruiting heterospecific trees, another location where they may be particularly vulnerable to mortality, in this case by generalist seed predators. We demonstrate that frugivores disperse higher densities of Cornusflorida seeds under fruiting (female) Ilexopaca trees than under non-fruiting (male) Ilex trees in temperate hardwood forest settings in South Carolina, USA. To determine if density of Cornus and/or Ilex seeds influences survivorship of dispersed Cornus seeds, we followed the fates of experimentally dispersed Cornus seeds in neighborhoods of differing, manipulated background densities of Cornus and Ilex seeds. We found that the probability of predation on dispersed Cornus seeds was a function of both Cornus and Ilex background seed densities. Higher densities of Ilex seeds negatively affected Cornus seed survivorship, and this was particularly evident as background densities of dispersed Cornus seeds increased. These results illustrate the importance of viewing seed dispersal and predation in a community context, as the pattern and intensity of density-dependent mortality may not be solely a function of conspecific densities. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Bent Creek Expt Forest, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Kwit, C (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM kwit@srel.edu NR 56 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 17 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0030-1299 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD NOV PY 2004 VL 107 IS 2 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13388.x PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 853XE UT WOS:000223863100009 ER PT J AU Chuman, Y Uren, A Cahill, J Regan, C Wolf, V Kay, BK Rubin, JS AF Chuman, Y Uren, A Cahill, J Regan, C Wolf, V Kay, BK Rubin, JS TI Identification of a peptide binding motif for secreted frizzled-related protein-1 SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE sFRP-1; phage display; peptide motif; Wnt; DGR ID NECROSIS-FACTOR RECEPTOR; CELL GROWTH; OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOPROTEGERIN LIGAND; COLORECTAL-CANCER; TISSUE INHIBITORS; WNT ANTAGONIST; DOMAIN; GENE; FAMILY AB Secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) bind Wnts and modulate their activity. To identify putative sFRP-1 binding motifs, we screened an M 13 phage displayed combinatorial peptide library. A predominant motif, LN-VDGRW-L/V, was present in similar to70% of the phage that bound sFRP-1. Use of peptide/alkaline phosphatase chimeras and alanine scanning confirmed that the conserved motif was important for sFRP-1 recognition. The dissociation constant for a peptide/sFRP-1 complex was 3.9 muM. Additional analysis revealed that DGR was the core of the binding motif. Although Wnt proteins lack this sequence, other proteins possessing the DGR motif may function as novel binding partners for sFRP-1. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 NCI, Cellular & Mol Biol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rubin, JS (reprint author), NCI, Cellular & Mol Biol Lab, Bldg 37, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM rubinj@helix.nih.gov NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD NOV PY 2004 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1831 EP 1838 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.07.010 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 868QX UT WOS:000224929200001 PM 15501513 ER PT J AU Liu, WC Zhai, T Man, CS Radhakrishnan, B Morris, JG AF Liu, WC Zhai, T Man, CS Radhakrishnan, B Morris, JG TI Effect of initial texture on texture evolution in cold-rolled AA 5182 aluminium alloy SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL DIE COMPRESSION; ROLLING TEXTURES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LATTICE ROTATION; CUBE ORIENTATION; DEFORMATION; PREDICTION; PLASTICITY; STABILITY AB AA 5182 aluminium alloy with a strong cube texture was cold rolled to different reductions along the following directions: firstly, the original rolling direction; secondly, at angles of 22.5 and 45degrees to the original rolling direction. The evolution of texture in the cold-rolled samples with different initial textures was then investigated by X-ray diffraction. The texture evolution was quantified by mathematical formulae of texture volume fractions and rolling true strain. The results show that initial texture has a strong influence on the evolution of rolling texture. AA 5182 aluminium alloy with an initial rotated-cube (r-cube) (45degrees normal direction r-cube) texture exhibits the fastest rate of formation of the beta fibre. The rate of formation of the beta fibre decreases as the initial texture changes from the r-cube texture to the cube texture. The relationship between the rate of formation of the beta fibre (k(beta) value in the mathematical formula for the volume fraction of the beta fibre) and the initial texture (M-cube and Mr-cube: the volume fractions of the cube and r-cube components respectively) can be expressed as k(beta) 0: 37 - 0: 03 (M-cube/5: 41 - Mr-cube/5: 64). C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Light Met Res Labs, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Math, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, WC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Light Met Res Labs, 177 Anderson Hall, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM wcliu@engr.uky.edu RI Man, Chi-Sing/E-4794-2011 OI Man, Chi-Sing/0000-0001-9166-2832 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 31 BP 3305 EP 3321 DI 10.1080/14786430412331283082 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 868FB UT WOS:000224898400001 ER PT J AU Osetsky, YN Bacon, DJ Rong, Z Singh, BN AF Osetsky, YN Bacon, DJ Rong, Z Singh, BN TI Dynamic properties of edge dislocations decorated by interstitial loops in alpha-iron and copper SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DEFECT CLUSTERS; PRODUCTION BIAS; METALS; SIMULATIONS; MECHANISMS; MIGRATION; MOBILITY; FCC AB Clusters of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) in the form of parallel crowdions are created directly in high-energy displacement cascades produced in metals by neutron irradiation. They are equivalent to small perfect dislocation loops and, in isolation in pure metals, undergo fast thermally-activated glide in the direction of their Burgers vector. Their strain field and ability to glide allows long-range interaction with other extended defects. Indeed, dislocations decorated by dislocation loops are commonly observed after neutron irradiation. Dislocations gliding under applied stress also encounter these mobile defects. These effects influence mechanical properties and require further investigation. This paper presents results from an atomic-scale study of copper and alpha-iron at either 0K or 300 K. Loop drag and breakaway effects are investigated for an edge dislocation under applied stress interacting with a row of SIA loops below its glide plane. The maximum speed at which a loop is dragged is lower in copper than iron, and the applied stress at which this occurs is also lower. These differences in the dynamics of cluster-dislocation interaction are determined by the atomic structure of the defects and cannot be investigated by continuum treatment. C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Osetsky, YN (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. EM osetskiyyn@ornl.gov OI Osetskiy, Yury/0000-0002-8109-0030 NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 84 IS 11 BP 745 EP 754 DI 10.1080/09500830500061607 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 917CA UT WOS:000228432300010 ER PT J AU Krichever, I Mineev-Weinstein, M Wiegmann, P Zabrodin, A AF Krichever, I Mineev-Weinstein, M Wiegmann, P Zabrodin, A TI Laplacian growth and Whitham equations of soliton theory SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Laplacian growth; Hele-Shaw problem; free boundary problem; solution theory; Whitham equation ID HELE-SHAW FLOWS; FREE-BOUNDARY; QUADRATURE IDENTITIES; INTEGRABLE STRUCTURE; INTERFACE DYNAMICS; 2 DIMENSIONS; DOMAINS; FLUID AB The Laplacian growth (the Hele-Shaw problem) of multiply-connected domains in the case of zero surface tension is proven to be equivalent to an integrable system of Whitham equations known in soliton theory. The Whitham equations describe slowly modulated periodic solutions of integrable hierarchies of nonlinear differential equations. Through this connection the Laplacian,growth is understood as a flow in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. LANL, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Biochem Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. RP Mineev-Weinstein, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-P365, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mariner@lanl.gov OI Krichever, Igor/0000-0002-7173-6272 NR 47 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2004.06.003 PG 28 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 868QB UT WOS:000224927000001 ER PT J AU Wojtowicz, T Furdyna, JK Liu, X Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W AF Wojtowicz, T Furdyna, JK Liu, X Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W TI Electronic effects determining the formation of ferromagnetic III1-xMnxV alloys during epitaxial growth SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Winterschool on New Developments in Solid State Physics CY FEB 15-20, 2004 CL Mauterndorf, AUSTRIA DE GaMnAs; InMnSb; ferromagnetic semiconductors; Mn interstitials; RBS; PIXE ID FREE HOLE CONCENTRATION; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; IN1-XMNXSB; GA1-XMNXAS AB Magnetic properties of III1-xMnxV ferromagnetic alloys depend critically on the distribution of Mn++ ions over the different sites which this ion can occupy in the host III-V lattice. The reason for this is that only Mn++ ions at substitutional group-III sites, Mn-III, provide both the localized spins and (since they are acceptors) also the free carriers needed to mediate the ferromagnetic interaction between these spins. Mn++ ions occupying interstitial sites, on the other hand, are double donors, which compensate the substitutional Mn acceptors, thus reducing the hole concentration; and, in addition, the Mn interstitials form antiferromagnetic pairs with the substitutional Mn++ ions, thus canceling their magnetic moments. Both these effects result in lowering the Curie temperature of the III1-xMnxV alloys. In this paper we show that the manner in which Mn enters the III-V lattice is determined by the Fermi level (i.e., by the electronic processes within the material) during the growth process itself. To demonstrate this, we describe a series of growth experiments that involve annealing, co-doping of III1-xMnxV alloys with Be, as well as remote Be-doping (modulation doping) of Al1-yGayAs/Ga(1-x)Mn(x)AS/Al1-yGayAs heterostructures. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM tomasz.j.wojtowicz.1@nd.edu RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wojtowicz, Tomasz/A-2887-2017 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 EI 1873-1759 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD NOV PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 171 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.physe.2004.06.014 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 873LT UT WOS:000225282500006 ER PT J AU LeSar, R AF LeSar, R TI Ambiguities in the calculation of dislocation self energies SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB Various forms for the interactions between dislocations have been given in the literature. While arising from the same basic expression, they differ in terms that vanish when integrating over an entire dislocation loop and thus yield the same value for the interaction energy between distinct dislocations. In this paper, however, we show that when applied to dislocation self energies, which because of a core cutoff do not involve integrations over the entire loop, these expressions may not yield equivalent results. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP LeSar, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lesar@lanl.gov RI LeSar, Richard/G-1609-2012 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 13 BP 2875 EP 2880 DI 10.1002/pssb.200302054 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 868QF UT WOS:000224927400002 ER PT J AU Li, SX Wu, J Walukiewiez, W Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ Sait, Y Nanishi, Y AF Li, SX Wu, J Walukiewiez, W Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ Sait, Y Nanishi, Y TI Effects of hydrostatic pressure on optical properties of InN and In-rich group III-nitride alloys SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; ABSORPTION EDGE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ALN; GROWTH; STRAIN AB We have used the diamond anvil cell technique to measure the hydrostatic pressure dependence of the optical absorption edge and photoluminescence peak energy of MBE grown InN, In-rich In1-xGaxN (0 < x < 0.5) and In1-xAlxN (x = 0.25) alloys. Together with previous reports, our results show that the pressure coefficient of the absorption edge varies monotonically from about 3.0 +/- 0.1 meV/kbar for InN to 4.2 meV/kbar in GaN and to 4.9 meV/kbar in AlN. The photoluminescence measurements yield significantly smaller pressure coefficients than the coefficients of the bandgap, which is attributed to emission associated with recombination via highly localized defect states. Samples which give small photoluminescence pressure coefficient usually have large Stokes shift. Based on the results of the absorption and photoluminescence measurements we are able to determine the absolute deformation potentials of the conduction and valence band edges of these alloys. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Ritsumeikan Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Photon, Shiga 5258577, Japan. RP Li, SX (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xli@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3107 EP 3112 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405232 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300004 ER PT J AU Shan, W Walukiewicz, W Wu, J Yu, KM Ager, JW Siebentritt, S Rega, N AF Shan, W Walukiewicz, W Wu, J Yu, KM Ager, JW Siebentritt, S Rega, N TI Pressure-dependent photoluminescence study of CuGaSe2l SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION; LAYERS; STATE AB We present the results of a pressure-dependent photoluminescence (PL) study on CuGaSe2 films grown on GaAs substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The low-temperature PL spectra of the CuGaSe2 samples measured at atmospheric pressure are dominated by one near band edge exciton luminescence line and two strong and relatively broad emissions associated with donor acceptor pairs (DAP) transitions. All the observed luminescence emission lines shift toward higher energy with increasing pressure at the same rate. The nearly identical pressure coefficients of the two DAP emissions as compared to that of the exciton emission confirm the suggestion that the recombination processes associated with the DAPs involve one shallow effective-mass donor and two different acceptor species with different binding energies and related to two different native defects. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. RP Shan, W (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM WShan@lbl.gov RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3117 EP 3122 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405223 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300006 ER PT J AU Choi, IH Yu, PY AF Choi, IH Yu, PY TI Pressure dependence of phonon modes in CdGeP2 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID RAMAN MODES AB The Raman spectra of a single crystal of CdGeP2 have been measured as a function of pressure using a tunable infrared Ti: sapphire laser and a diamond anvil high pressure cell. The pressure coefficients of the zone-center optical phonons have been determined. The results are compared with those of the corresponding zincblende-type (GaP and InP) and I-III-VI2 chalcopyrite (AgGaS2) compounds. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pyyu@lbl.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3138 EP 3142 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405214 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300009 ER PT J AU Samara, GA Barnes, CE AF Samara, GA Barnes, CE TI Effects of pressure on deep levels in semiconductors: The MFe center in InP SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID RELAXATION; DEFECT AB This work investigated the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the properties and bistability of the scientifically challenging and technologically important deep MFe center in iron (Fe)-doped, n-type indium phosphide (InP). When occupied by electrons, the center can be reversibly placed in either of two configurations, termed A and B, by the proper choice of electric biasing conditions and temperature. Pressure has a very large influence on the balance between these two configurations, favoring A over B. Above 8 kbar essentially only the A configuration is observed. This result, along with detailed studies of the effects of pressure on the energetics of the two configurations and on the kinetics of the B --> A transformation, provide important new insights about the nature of the two configurations and their associated deep levels. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Samara, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gasamar@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3293 EP 3299 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405213 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300034 ER PT J AU Svane, A Santi, G Szotek, Z Ternmerman, WM Strange, P Horne, M Vaitheeswaran, G Kandiana, V Petit, L Winter, H AF Svane, A Santi, G Szotek, Z Ternmerman, WM Strange, P Horne, M Vaitheeswaran, G Kandiana, V Petit, L Winter, H TI Electronic structure of Sm and Eu chalcogenides SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL TRANSITION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; SELF-INTERACTION CORRECTION; RARE-EARTH CHALCOGENIDES; MIXED-VALENCE COMPOUNDS; HIGH-PRESSURE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SAMARIUM SULFIDE; MONOCHALCOGENIDES; PNICTIDES AB The ground state configuration of the monochalcogenides of Sm and Eu is determined from total energy calculations using the self-interaction corrected local-spin-density approximation. The Sm chalcogenides, with the exception of SmO, are characterized by divalent f(6) Sm ions, while all the Eu chalcogenides have divalent f(7) Eu ions in the ground state. With pressure, the Eu and Sm chalcogenides exhibit isostructural transitions into an intermediate valent state, which in the total energy calculations is represented by localized f(5) configurations on the Sm ions (f(6) on Eu ions) together with a partly occupied f-band at the Fermi level. The energy of the fundamental f --> d transition, which determines the value of the semiconducting gap, is determined by total energy calculations of the charged rare earth ion (Eu+ or Sm+) in a supercell approach with one f-electron removed. The pressure coefficients are in excellent agreement with experiment, and the occurrence of isostructural transitions is intimately related to the closure of the band gap. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Aarhus, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Keele Univ, Dept Phys, Keele ST5 5DY, Staffs, England. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NFP, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Univ Aarhus, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM svane@phys.au.dk RI Petit, Leon/B-5255-2008; Strange, Paul/C-9022-2012; OI Petit, Leon/0000-0001-6489-9922 NR 47 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3185 EP 3192 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405226 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300016 ER PT J AU Capaz, RB Spataru, CD Tangney, P Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Capaz, RB Spataru, CD Tangney, P Cohen, ML Louie, SG TI Hydrostatic pressure effects on the structural and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID TRANSITIONS; SIMULATION; SHAPE AB We study the structural and electronic properties of isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) under hydrostatic pressure using a combination of theoretical techniques: Continuum elasticity models, classical molecular dynamics simulations, tight-binding electronic structure methods, and first-principles total energy calculations within the density-functional and pseudopotential frameworks. For pressures below a certain critical pressure P-c, the SWNTs' structure remains cylindrical and the Kohn-Sham energy gaps of semiconducting SWNTs have either positive or negative pressure coefficients depending on the value of (n, m), with a distinct "family" (of the same n - m) behavior. The diameter and chirality dependence of the pressure coefficients can be described by a simple analytical expression. At P-c, molecular-dynamics simulations predict that isolated SWNTs undergo a pressure-induced symmetry-breaking transformation from a cylindrical shape to a collapsed geometry. This transition is described by a simple elastic model as arising from the competition between the bond-bending and PV terms in the enthalpy. The good agreement between calculated and experimental values of P-c provides a strong support to the "collapse" interpretation of the experimental transitions in bundles. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 68528, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM capaz@if.ufrj.br RI Tangney, Paul/D-1623-2010; B, Rodrigo/N-7595-2014 NR 41 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3352 EP 3359 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405253 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300043 ER PT J AU Shan, W Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Yu, KM Haller, EE Kissell, K Bachilo, SM Weisman, RB Smalley, RE AF Shan, W Wu, J Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Yu, KM Haller, EE Kissell, K Bachilo, SM Weisman, RB Smalley, RE TI Pressure dependence of optical transitions in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on High-Pressure Semiconductor Physics (HPSP-11) CY AUG 02-05, 2004 CL Berkeley, CA ID SPECTRA AB The effects of applied hydrostatic pressure on the optical transitions in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes with different diameters and chiralities have been studied using optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The excitonic transitions associated with the band-gap (the first van Hove transition) energies in the carbon nanotubes are found to shift to lower energy at a rate depending on nanotube structure. The excitonic transitions between the first excited confinement states (the second van Hove transitions) are found to be much less sensitive to the applied hydrostatic pressure. All nanotubes show a dependence on their chirality in terms of pressure coefficient of the band-gap energy, with the larger-diameter nanotubes exhibiting a higher sensitivity of the band-gap energy to hydrostatic pressure. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM WShan@lbl.gov RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Weisman, R. Bruce/0000-0001-8546-9980; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 241 IS 14 BP 3367 EP 3373 DI 10.1002/pssb.200405250 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 875LR UT WOS:000225422300045 ER PT J AU Berman, PR Milonni, PW AF Berman, PR Milonni, PW TI Atom-field interactions with a frequency-dependent reservoir SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; RELAXATION; DRIVEN AB Owing to the frequency dependence of the vacuum density of states, the spontaneous emission decay rate varies as the cube of a frequency. The actual frequency that enters into the decay rate depends to some extent on the physical system under investigation. We show that, in the weak-field limit and the rotating-wave approximation, the decay parameters associated with Ralyleigh scattering are evaluated at the field frequency, while the transient response following the turn-on of the field has a decay rate evaluated at the atomic frequency. The optical Bloch equations are modified to include additional coupling between populations and coherences, both in bare and dressed-state pictures. C1 Univ Michigan, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div TDOT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berman, PR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 053805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.053805 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 876EM UT WOS:000225479000131 ER PT J AU Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY AF Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY TI Energy and angular distributions of electrons ejected from atomic hydrogen by low-energy proton impact SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SADDLE-POINT ELECTRONS; COLLISIONS; VELOCITY; SLOW; IONIZATION; CONTINUUM; MECHANISM; HE AB Electron energy and angular distributions are computed using the advanced adiabatic and the two-center Sturmian theory for the ionization of atomic hydrogen by proton impact at 5 keV. The results are in accord with earlier observations that 50% of the electrons have energies less that 5 eV. The electron energy and angular distributions are also computed using the top of the barrier propagator and previously reported benchmark solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation on a lattice. The two very different theories agree well at 5 keV for electrons moving near the center of charge of the target and projectile nuclei. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Macek, JH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 052702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.052702 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 876EM UT WOS:000225479000072 ER PT J AU Madison, KW Patel, PK Allen, M Price, D Fitzpatrick, R Ditmire, T AF Madison, KW Patel, PK Allen, M Price, D Fitzpatrick, R Ditmire, T TI Role of laser-pulse duration in the neutron yield of deuterium cluster targets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FEMTOSECOND LASER; COULOMB EXPLOSION; ATOMIC CLUSTERS; NUCLEAR-FUSION; INTENSITY; EMISSION; PLASMAS; GASES; IONS AB We present an experimental and computational study of the ion and fusion neutron yields from explosions of deuterium clusters irradiated with 100-TW laser pulses. We find that the cluster explosion energy and resultant fusion yield are sensitive to the laser pulse rise time as determined by the pulse duration for a fixed envelope shape. Our experimental observations are consistent with the results of particle simulations of the laser-cluster interaction which show that the explosion energies of the clusters are determined by a single parameter: the ratio of the cluster ionization time to its intrinsic expansion time. This competition of time scales sets a fundamental constraint on the ion emission and resultant neutron yield performance of these targets as a function of laser-pulse duration. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011 NR 30 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 053201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.053201 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 876EM UT WOS:000225479000090 ER PT J AU Vanroose, W Martin, F Rescigno, TN McCurdy, CW AF Vanroose, W Martin, F Rescigno, TN McCurdy, CW TI Nonperturbative theory of double photoionization of the hydrogen molecule SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; B-SPLINES; DISSOCIATION; IONIZATION; H-2 AB We present completely ab initio nonperturbative calculations of the integral and single differential cross sections for double photoionization of H-2 for photon energies from 53.9 to 75.7 eV. The method of exterior complex scaling, implemented with B-splines, is used to solve the Schrodinger equation for a correlated continuum wave function corresponding to a single photon having been absorbed by a correlated initial state. The results are in good agreement with experimental integral cross sections. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Quim C 9, Madrid 28049, Spain. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vanroose, W (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Comp Wetenschappen, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. RI Martin, Fernando/C-3972-2014; Vanroose, Wim/J-4292-2013 OI Martin, Fernando/0000-0002-7529-925X; Vanroose, Wim/0000-0001-8349-1391 NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 050703 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.050703 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 876EM UT WOS:000225479000006 ER PT J AU Aguirre-Tostado, FS Herrera-Gomez, A Woicik, JC Droopad, R Yu, Z Schlom, DG Zschack, P Karapetrova, E Pianetta, P Hellberg, CS AF Aguirre-Tostado, FS Herrera-Gomez, A Woicik, JC Droopad, R Yu, Z Schlom, DG Zschack, P Karapetrova, E Pianetta, P Hellberg, CS TI Elastic anomaly for SrTiO3 thin films grown on Si(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SILICON; TITANATE; PHASE AB X-ray diffraction measurements have revealed a negative Poisson's ratio for SrTiO3 thin films grown on Si(001). X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements demonstrate that this elastic anomaly is driven by the interfacial polarization of the SrTiO3 layers. First-principles density-functional calculations support these conclusions. It is suggested that this phenomenon may be common for heteroepitaxial growth of materials that possess an ionic polarizability. C1 CINVESTAV Queretaro, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Motorola Labs, Microelect & Phys Sci Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Illinois, Argonne Natl Lab, APS UNICAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aguirre-Tostado, FS (reprint author), CINVESTAV Queretaro, Libramiento Norponiente 2000,Real Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. RI Hellberg, C. Stephen/E-5391-2010; Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113 NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 201403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.201403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600019 ER PT J AU Andersson, K Nyberg, M Ogasawara, H Nordlund, D Kendelewicz, T Doyle, CS Brown, GE Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Andersson, K Nyberg, M Ogasawara, H Nordlund, D Kendelewicz, T Doyle, CS Brown, GE Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI Experimental and theoretical characterization of the structure of defects at the pyrite FeS2(100) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; FRACTURED PYRITE; REACTIVITY; OXIDATION; SULFUR; STATES; SITE; XPS; STM AB Defect-free pyrite (100) surfaces were generated and a controlled manipulation of sulfur defect density at these surfaces was performed. Sulfur species of different coordination environments at the surface were probed by S 2p photoemission in combination with theoretical modeling of S 2p core-level shifts. A strict structural assignment of S 2p peaks at the FeS2(100) surface in the low defect density regime was achieved. Based on our results, a defect that is related to a surface sulfur vacancy is confirmed to provide the active site for the rapid initial oxidation of pyrite. C1 Univ Stockholm, SCFAB, FYSIKUM, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Andersson, K (reprint author), Univ Stockholm, SCFAB, FYSIKUM, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RI Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008; Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009; OI Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079; Andersson, Klas J./0000-0002-6064-5658 NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 195404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195404 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800128 ER PT J AU Badica, E Gray, KE Mitchell, JF Zheng, H AF Badica, E Gray, KE Mitchell, JF Zheng, H TI Unexpected in-plane canting and metallic behavior in the A-type antiferromagnetic layered manganite La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; T-C; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SPIN; LA1.2SR1.8MN2O7; LA1-XSRXMNO3; RESISTIVITY; TRANSPORT; STATE AB Conductivity measurements suggest that a complex magnetic structure exists in a layered manganite La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 (x=0.58) that was thought to be a generic A-type antiferromagnet at low temperatures. In the ab planes, we observe metallic conductivity due to double exchange, and the low-temperature data strongly imply an unexpected in-plane spin canting. Fits to a rigorous model determine the super- and double-exchange parameters, can explain the excess c-axis conductivity by spin waves, and correctly predict the measured susceptibility. Magnetization data also reveal very weak double-exchange coupling along the c axis that supports significant in-plane orbital polarization. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Badica, E (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174435 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174435 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000098 ER PT J AU Bailey, WE Cheng, L Keavney, DJ Kao, CC Vescovo, E Arena, DA AF Bailey, WE Cheng, L Keavney, DJ Kao, CC Vescovo, E Arena, DA TI Precessional dynamics of elemental moments in a ferromagnetic alloy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN; IRON AB We demonstrate an element-specific measurement of magnetization precession in a metallic ferromagnetic alloy, separating Ni and Fe moment motion in Ni81Fe19. Pump-probe x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, synchronized with short magnetic field pulses, is used to measure free magnetization oscillations up to 2.6 GHz with elemental specificity and a rotational resolution of <2degrees. Magnetic moments residing on Ni sites and Fe sites in a Ni81Fe19(50 nm) thin film are found to precess together at all frequencies, coupled in phase within instrumental resolution of 90 ps. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bailey, WE (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 15 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000015 ER PT J AU Beleggia, M Pozzi, G Tonomura, A Kasai, H Matsuda, T Harada, K Akashi, T Masui, T Tajima, S AF Beleggia, M Pozzi, G Tonomura, A Kasai, H Matsuda, T Harada, K Akashi, T Masui, T Tajima, S TI Model of superconducting vortices in layered materials for the interpretation of transmission electron microscopy images SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; VORTEX LATTICES; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; FILMS; HOLOGRAPHY; PHASE; STACK AB More realistic simulations of the magnetic field and electron optical phase shift associated to pancake vortices in layered high-T-c superconducting specimen require a number of layers larger than 7, the practical upper limit set by the discrete algebraic approach followed so far. This goal can be achieved by resorting to a continuum approximation of the screening layers above and below the one containing the pancake vortex. It is thus possible to increase the number of layers and to investigate more exotic vortex core structures than those represented by the pancakes pinned at tilted columnar defects. In particular it will be shown how recently observed dumbbell-like contrast features in the out-of-focus images of superconducting vortices forming a large angle with the specimen surfaces can be interpreted as due to a kinked structure of the pancakes. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Hitachi Ltd, Adv Res Lab, Hatoyama, Saitama 3500395, Japan. Japan Sci & Technol Corp, SORST, Chuo Ku, Tokyo 1030027, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Frontier Res Syst, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Hitachi Sci Syst Ltd, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 3120033, Japan. Hitachi Instruments Serv Co Ltd, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1600004, Japan. ISTEC, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. RP Beleggia, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Beleggia, Marco/0000-0002-2888-1888 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184518 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184518 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300114 ER PT J AU Beloborodov, IS Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM AF Beloborodov, IS Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM TI Universal description of granular metals at low temperatures: Granular Fermi liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; FILMS; CONDUCTIVITY; LOCALIZATION AB We present a unified description of the low-temperature phase of granular metals that reveals a striking generality of the low-temperature behaviors. Our model explains the universality of the low-temperature conductivity that coincides exactly with that of the homogeneously disordered systems and enables a straightforward derivation of low-temperature characteristics of disordered conductors. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Beloborodov, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205120 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205120 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600042 ER PT J AU Bergman, A Holmstrom, E Niklasson, AMN Nordstrom, L Frota-Pessoa, S Eriksson, O AF Bergman, A Holmstrom, E Niklasson, AMN Nordstrom, L Frota-Pessoa, S Eriksson, O TI Magnetism of Fe clusters embedded in a Co matrix from first-principles theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; IRON CLUSTERS; REAL-SPACE; TRANSITION; NANOCLUSTERS; MOMENTS; IMPURITIES; HYPERFINE; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS AB We have calculated spin and orbital moments for Fe clusters of sizes up to 700 atoms embedded as impurities in a bcc Co matrix. The calculations have been carried out using relativistic first-principles real-space density functional theory, and we have made a comparison with earlier experimental studies. For Fe atoms close to the Fe-Co interface, the spin moments are found to increase while atoms far from the interface exhibit bulklike moments. The Co moments remain essentially unchanged and close to the moment of bulk bcc Co. With increasing cluster size, the average moments of the cluster atoms decrease due to the decreased surface to volume ratio. The orbital moments of both Fe and Co are calculated to be small and they stay almost constant regardless of cluster size. Our results for spin moments agree with experimental data but the calculated orbital moments are slightly underestimated. A simplified model indicates that a compound of close-packed Fe clusters surrounded by Co show higher average total moments compared to bulk and multilayer systems with a similar concentration. This increase seems to disappear when cluster-cluster interactions are taken into account. The general trend is that for a given alloy concentration of FexCo1-x, clustering tends to lower the average magnetic moment compared to that of ordered structures and random alloys. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM Anders.Bergman@fysik.uu.se RI Bergman, Anders/H-7996-2012; Holmstrom, Erik/A-5308-2009; Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Bergman, Anders/0000-0002-5134-1978; Holmstrom, Erik/0000-0002-1198-3861; Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174446 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174446 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000109 ER PT J AU Bracchi, A Samwer, K Almer, J Narayanan, RA Thiyagarajan, P Schneider, S AF Bracchi, A Samwer, K Almer, J Narayanan, RA Thiyagarajan, P Schneider, S TI Separation of grain growth and glass transition during structural evolution of the bulk Nd60Fe30Al10 alloy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES AB In this paper we report in situ high-energy x-ray diffraction studies and differential scanning calorimetry measurements during structural transformation of die-cast Nd60Fe30Al10 bulk samples. The real-time evolution of the structure was recorded as a function of temperature allowing to follow the grain growth and the crystallization of the amorphous matrix which take place in the system. The two processes could be independently investigated by the two different experimental methods, while the theoretical models used for the data interpretation allow us to calculate their activation energies, to separate the grain growth process from the glass transition, and to obtain the continuous heating transformation diagram of the Nd60Fe30Al10 system. The relevance of the combination of these two techniques for the investigation of metallic glasses or complex composite materials is discussed. C1 Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 4, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Bracchi, A (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM alberto.bracchi@phys.uni-goettingen.de NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172105 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000005 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR AF Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR TI Inhomogeneity, local mode formation, and the breakdown of the Bloch theorem in complex charge transfer systems as a consequence of discrete breather formation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE ARRAYS; RELAXOR FERROELECTRICS; NONLINEAR LATTICES; QUANTUM BREATHERS; POLARIZABILITY MODEL; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; RESONANT MODES; DYNAMICS; CRYSTALS; SOLITONS AB Charge transfer and valence unstable materials exhibit numerous ground states as functions of doping, pressure, and temperature. Multiscale inhomogeneity is typical for most of these materials, e.g., relaxor ferroelectrics, manganites, cuprates, tungstates, and related compounds. Here, we show that the strong anharmonicity in all these systems allows for a distinct form of inherent, dynamic inhomogeneity dictated by "discrete breather" formation, where lattice, charge, and elasticity are intimately coupled. The spatial extent of the breather is governed by the strength of anharmonicity it carries and can vary considerably, defining length scales of inhomogeneity. The coupling of the breather to the host lattice prevents a lattice instability and induces a collapse of the elastic constants and an excess specific heat and entropy as soon as the discrete breather modes emerge from the continuum of the optic modes. Then a coexistence of local, dynamically distorted patterns with the regular lattice is manifested, defining a two-component system with very different dynamics and a strong analogy to glasses: A self-organization of multiple breathers into patterns takes place as a function of temperature and breather density. C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. NR 57 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184303 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300052 ER PT J AU Capan, C Bianchi, A Ronning, F Lacerda, A Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Movshovich, R AF Capan, C Bianchi, A Ronning, F Lacerda, A Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Movshovich, R TI Non-Fermi-liquid behavior in CeIrIn5 near a metamagnetic transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; QUANTUM CRITICALITY; RUTHENATE SR3RU2O7; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; RH; IR AB We present a specific heat and resistivity study of CeIrIn5 in magnetic fields up to 17 T and temperature down to 50 mK. Both quantities were measured with the magnetic field parallel to the c axis (Hparallel to[001]) and within the a-b plane (Hperpendicular to[001]). Non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior develops above 12 T for Hparallel to[001]. The Fermi-liquid state is much more robust for Hparallel to[001] and is suppressed only moderately at the highest applied field. Based on the observed trends and the proximity to a metamagnetic phase transition, which exists at fields above 25 T for Hparallel to[001], we suggest that the observed NFL behavior in CeIrIn5 is a consequence of a metamagnetic quantum critical point. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Bianchi, Andrea/E-9779-2010; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Bianchi, Andrea/0000-0001-9340-6971; NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 180502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.180502 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300011 ER PT J AU Chen, XY Zhao, W Cook, RE Liu, GK AF Chen, XY Zhao, W Cook, RE Liu, GK TI Anomalous luminescence dynamics of Eu3+ in BaFCl microcrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; OPTICAL-TRANSITION INTENSITIES; SITE-SELECTIVE SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSFER-LATTICE CLUSTERS; LINEAR CRYSTAL-FIELD; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SPECTRA; EU-3+; NANOCRYSTALS; ZNS AB Spectroscopic properties of Eu3+ ions (<0.1 at %) at two main sites of BaFCl microcrystals are investigated. For Eu3+ ions at site I the energy levels and luminescence intensity distribution are similar to most other normal systems ever reported. But the D-5(0) lifetime of Eu3+ at site I decreases rapidly with the temperature and the nonradiative energy transfer (ET) rate is observed to be T-2 dependence. In contrast, Eu3+ at site II shows unusual energy level structure and luminescence intensity distribution with the strongest D-5(0)-->F-7(0) transition. The nonradiative ET rate of Eu3+ at site II obeys a T-9 dependence. Spectroscopic results and theoretical analyses indicate that site II is associated with the charge compensator O2- occupying the nearest F- site around Eu3+. The mechanisms for anomalous luminescence properties at both sites are further discussed based on the model of charge transfer vibronic exciton (CTVE) and charge-imbalance induced large linear crystal-field potential. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, GK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gkliu@anl.gov RI Chen, Xueyuan/C-5613-2012 OI Chen, Xueyuan/0000-0003-0493-839X NR 62 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205122 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205122 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600044 ER PT J AU Chesnel, K Belakhovsky, M van der Laan, G Livet, F Marty, A Beutier, G Collins, SP Haznar, A AF Chesnel, K Belakhovsky, M van der Laan, G Livet, F Marty, A Beutier, G Collins, SP Haznar, A TI Tracking the local reversal processes in nanostructures by magnetic speckles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB We have used coherent soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering to locally track reversal processes in magnetic nanostructures. Coherent illumination of a limited number of nano-objects in a CoPt nanoline grating produces a specific speckle pattern, whose evolution under in situ magnetic field reveals the true local magnetic ordering. While each nanoline behaves as a single macrospin whose direction depends on the dipolar coupling with neighbors, the global reversal of the line array is successively governed by two effects: first, by the random distribution of defects, followed by the dipolar coupling favoring antiferromagnetic ordering. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Grenoble, DRFMC, F-38054 Grenoble, France. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. ENSEEG, LTPCM, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, PL-50950 Wroclaw 2, Poland. RP Chesnel, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI van der Laan, Gerrit/Q-1662-2015; marty, alain/H-7941-2014 OI van der Laan, Gerrit/0000-0001-6852-2495; marty, alain/0000-0001-5709-6945 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 180402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.180402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300004 ER PT J AU Chubukov, AV Norman, MR AF Chubukov, AV Norman, MR TI Dispersion anomalies in cuprate superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NODAL FERMI VELOCITY; NORMAL-STATE; LINE-SHAPE; T-C; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; RESONANCE; SPECTRA; ARPES AB We argue that the shape of the dispersion along the nodal and antinodal directions in the cuprates can be understood as a consequence of the interaction of the electrons with collective spin excitations. In the normal state, the dispersion displays a crossover at an energy where the decay into spin fluctuations becomes relevant. In the superconducting state, the antinodal dispersion is strongly affected by the (pi,pi) spin resonance and displays an S shape whose magnitude scales with the resonance intensity. For nodal fermions, relevant spin excitations do not have resonance behavior, rather they are better characterized as a gapped continuum. As a consequence, the S shape becomes a kink, and superconductivity does not affect the dispersion as strongly. Finally, we note that optical phonons typically lead to a temperature-independent S shape, in disagreement with the observed dispersion. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 40 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174505 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000123 ER PT J AU Conlon, KH Luo, H Viehland, D Li, JF Whan, T Fox, JH Stock, C Shirane, G AF Conlon, KH Luo, H Viehland, D Li, JF Whan, T Fox, JH Stock, C Shirane, G TI Direct observation of the near-surface layer in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 using neutron diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2ND LENGTH SCALE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SCATTERING; PHASE; TERBIUM AB Spatially resolved neutron diffraction as a function of crystal depth in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 reveals the presence of a distinct near-surface region where a strong distortion in the lattice exists. A dramatic change in both the lattice constant and the Bragg peak intensity as a function of crystal depth is observed to occur in this region over a length scale similar to100 mum. This confirms a previous assertion, based on a comparison between high-energy x rays and neutrons, that such a near surface region exists in the relaxors. Consequences to both single crystal and powder diffraction measurements and previous bulk neutron diffraction measurements on large single crystals are discussed. C1 CNR, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Conlon, KH (reprint author), CNR, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. NR 18 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172204 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000012 ER PT J AU Dalpian, GM da Silva, AJR Fazzio, A AF Dalpian, GM da Silva, AJR Fazzio, A TI Initial stages of Ge and Si growth near S-B monoatomic steps on Si(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; AB-INITIO; SI(001); DYNAMICS; REVERSAL; SURFACE; STRESS AB We used ab initio methods, based on density functional theory, to study the interaction of Si and Ge monomers and dimers near monoatomic S-B steps on Si(100). We have obtained that the formation energies of rebonded and nonbonded steps are different, being 0.078 eV/2a and 0.068 eV/2a, respectively. For monomers, the interaction of Si and Ge near the steps is very similar, but for dimers they become different due to the larger bond distance between Ge atoms in the dimer. We have observed that Ge dimers will not bind directly to the step, what we propose can be responsible for the observed reversal of step roughness during Ge growth on Si(100). C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Dalpian, GM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM gustavo_dalpian@nrel.gov RI Dalpian, Gustavo/B-9746-2008 OI Dalpian, Gustavo/0000-0001-5561-354X NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193306 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800020 ER PT J AU Ding, ZN Zhou, SJ Zhao, YS AF Ding, ZN Zhou, SJ Zhao, YS TI Hardness and fracture toughness of brittle materials: A density functional theory study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; BORON SUBOXIDE B6O; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; DISLOCATION NUCLEATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; COMPRESSIBILITY; DIAMOND; EMISSION; CRYSTALS AB The focus of the paper is to study the correlation between hardness and fracture toughness of brittle materials. To this end, density functional theory (DFT) is used to calculate materials parameters such as the surface energies, the unstable stacking fault energies, the Young's modulus, the bulk modulus, the shear moduli, and the Poisson's ratio of crystalline B6O as well as the surface energies of cBN and 3C-SiC. With these calculated materials parameters as well as reported ones, the theoretical fracture toughness of diamond, cBN, B6O, 3C-SiC, and Si are obtained and compared with experimental hardness. We find that the theoretical fracture toughness, proportional to the product of shear modulus and surface energy, can better characterize hardness of diamond, cBN, B6O, 3C-SiC, Si, and possibly other brittle materials than shear modulus alone [D. M. Teter, MRS Bull. 23, 22 (1998)]. This finding could be helpful in searching for new hard materials. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ding, ZN (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM szhou@pegasus.me.jhu.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 55 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184117 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184117 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300030 ER PT J AU Dong, CL Persson, C Vayssieres, L Augustsson, A Schmitt, T Mattesini, M Ahuja, R Chang, CL Guo, JH AF Dong, CL Persson, C Vayssieres, L Augustsson, A Schmitt, T Mattesini, M Ahuja, R Chang, CL Guo, JH TI Electronic structure of nanostructured ZnO from x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy and the local density approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; BUFFER LAYER; GAN; POLARIZATION; NANOCRYSTALS; FORMALISM; SURFACES; GROWTH AB O 1s absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and O Kalpha emission spectroscopy (XES) were performed to study the electronic structure of nanostructured ZnO. The band gap is determined by the combined absorption-emission spectrum. Resonantly excited XES spectra showing an energy dependence in the spectral shape reveal the selected excitations to the different Zn 3d, 4s, and 4p states in hybridization with O 2p states. The partial density of state obtained from local density approximation (LDA) and LDA+U calculations are compared with the experimental results. The LDA+U approach is suitable to correct LDA self-interaction error of the cation d states. The atomic eigenstates of 3d in zinc and 2p in oxygen are energetically close, which induces the strong interaction between Zn 3d and O 2p states. This anomalous valence band cation-d-anion-p hybridization is verified by taking into account the strong localization of the Zn 3d states. C1 Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui, Taiwan. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Natl Inst Mat Sci, ICYS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75122 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Guo, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jguo@lbl.gov RI Schmitt, Thorsten/A-7025-2010; Mattesini, Maurizio/B-8520-2009 OI Mattesini, Maurizio/0000-0002-7744-8626 NR 39 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 3 U2 48 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 195325 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195325 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800103 ER PT J AU Durakiewicz, T Joyce, JJ Lander, GH Olson, CG Butterfield, MT Guziewicz, E Arko, AJ Morales, L Rebizant, J Mattenberger, K Vogt, O AF Durakiewicz, T Joyce, JJ Lander, GH Olson, CG Butterfield, MT Guziewicz, E Arko, AJ Morales, L Rebizant, J Mattenberger, K Vogt, O TI Electronic structure of actinide antimonides and tellurides from photoelectron spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE-VALENCE; 5F ELECTRONS; PLUTONIUM CHALCOGENIDES; URANIUM NITRIDE; LIGHT-SOURCE; PHOTOEMISSION; MONOCHALCOGENIDES; NEUTRON; MONOPNICTIDES; PUSB AB Single crystals of USb, NpSb, PuSb, UTe, NpTe and PuTe were investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy, this included angular-resolved studies on the U compounds. The spectral features show little dependence on incident photon energy, suggesting they all contain comparable amounts of 5f and conduction character. In the case of USb interesting (and unexpected) momentum dependent effects are observed in the angular-resolved studies. In PuTe, we confirm the presence of a strong three-peak structure near E-F, which has been interpreted as the signature of an intermediate valence state in similar materials. Hybridization of the 5f electrons with the conduction band is found within the series and the level of localization is shown to increase from Te to Sb. A surprising correlation between the binding energy of the peak bearing most of the 5f weight in the photoemission spectrum and the magnetic moment is discovered within the series, for which some explanations are suggested. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Marie Curie Sklodowska Univ, Inst Phys, PL-20031 Lublin, Poland. European Commiss, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. ETH, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Durakiewicz, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Guziewicz, Elzbieta/S-4910-2016; OI Guziewicz, Elzbieta/0000-0001-6158-5258; Durakiewicz, Tomasz/0000-0002-1980-1874 NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205103 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600025 ER PT J AU Fluegel, B Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Huang, X Li, J AF Fluegel, B Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Huang, X Li, J TI Electronic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRONG QUANTUM CONFINEMENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOSTRUCTURES; BIREFRINGENCE; REFLECTIVITY; EXCITONS; NANORODS; NETWORK; WELLS; LEAD AB Hybrid semiconductors comprising networks of inorganic II-VI semiconductor segments bonded to organic solvent chains show promise as a versatile material system that offers the capability of synthesizing many new electronic structures that are desirable for photonic applications. Polarized optical absorption and reflection are measured in single crystal semiconductor nanostructures composed of arrays of monolayers or linear chains. This shows very sharp spectral signatures of excitonic transitions, providing evidence of an electronic bandstructure that is strongly modified from the bulk inorganic semiconductor. Together with x-ray diffraction structural analysis, it gives a clear image of a monolayer multiple quantum well structure in which a chemical growth process has achieved a quantum confinement larger than other known heterostructure types, together with near-zero layer width fluctuations, a very large oscillator strength and large exciton binding energy. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Fluegel, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 23 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205308 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600073 ER PT J AU Gardner, JS Ehlers, G Rosov, N Erwin, RW Petrovic, C AF Gardner, JS Ehlers, G Rosov, N Erwin, RW Petrovic, C TI Spin-spin correlations in Yb2Ti2O7: A polarized neutron scattering study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PYROCHLORE ANTIFERROMAGNET; TRANSITION AB Polarized neutron diffraction and neutron spin echo have been employed to investigate the low-temperature (T<2 K) magnetic correlations in the frustrated magnet Yb2Ti2O7. Several studies have reported a phase transition at 240 mK, however, the low-temperature phase is still under debate. It has been reported that Yb2Ti2O7 enters a frozen ferromagnetic phase, however, studies of the spin dynamics suggest otherwise. Our results conclusively rule out a frozen ferromagnetic state and confirm that the majority of the spin system continues to fluctuate below 240 mK. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Gardner, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X NR 24 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 180404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.180404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300006 ER PT J AU Giovannini, L Montoncello, F Nizzoli, F Gubbiotti, G Carlotti, G Okuno, T Shinjo, T Grimsditch, M AF Giovannini, L Montoncello, F Nizzoli, F Gubbiotti, G Carlotti, G Okuno, T Shinjo, T Grimsditch, M TI Spin excitations of nanometric cylindrical dots in vortex and saturated magnetic states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MODES; DISKS AB The magnetic normal modes of nanometric magnetic disks are calculated using a recently developed, hybrid micromagnetic method. The method is based on the subdivision of a particle into small cells and the development of a "dynamical matrix" that contains the restoring torques acting on the magnetization of each cell. The method includes dipolar, Zeeman, and exchange interactions. The results of these calculations are used to interpret the spin wave spectra measured by Brillouin scattering in an array of nanometric Permalloy(TM) disks over a wide range of applied fields encompassing both the vortex and saturated states. C1 Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Unita Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Int Inst Adv Studies, Kyoto 6190225, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Giovannini, L (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. NR 21 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000016 ER PT J AU Goncalves, S Kenkre, VM Bishop, AR AF Goncalves, S Kenkre, VM Bishop, AR TI Nonlinear friction of a damped dimer sliding on a periodic substrate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SILVER; DIFFUSION; MOLECULES; DYNAMICS; SOLIDS; XENON AB The nonlinear sliding friction of a dimer over a substrate is studied within a one-dimensional model, consisting of a vibrating dimer (two masses connected by a spring), internally damped, sliding over a sinusoidal potential. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the friction force has an approximate v(-3) dependence if the velocity is sufficiently large, and that there is a striking periodic variation of the proportionality coefficient with the ratio of the length of the dimer to the substrate wavelength. The nonlinear velocity dependence was predicted earlier for a Langevin model of an adsorbed layer in the presence of strong external force. We study it here in detail in the transient regime and without external force. We obtain the dependence on key parameters (internal dissipation, dimer mass, substrate corrugation, and length ratio), and examine the validity of the friction law. A semianalytical expression is suggested which confirms the numerical observations in the high-velocity regime. C1 Univ New Mexico, Consortium Amer Interdisciplinary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Fis, BR-90501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goncalves, S (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Consortium Amer Interdisciplinary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM sgonc@if.ufrgs.br; kenkre@unm.edu; arb@lanl.gov RI Goncalves, Sebastian/B-3753-2010; Goncalves, Sebastian/I-4356-2013 OI Goncalves, Sebastian/0000-0002-3100-9126; Goncalves, Sebastian/0000-0002-3100-9126 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 195415 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195415 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800139 ER PT J AU Goni, AR Giudici, P Reboredo, FA Proetto, CR Thomsen, C Eberl, K Hauser, M AF Goni, AR Giudici, P Reboredo, FA Proetto, CR Thomsen, C Eberl, K Hauser, M TI Evidence of spontaneous spin polarization in the two-dimensional electron gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; QUANTUM-WELLS; 2 DIMENSIONS; EXCHANGE; COMPRESSIBILITY; FERROMAGNETISM; CONDUCTIVITY; EXCITATIONS; ENHANCEMENT; DIFFUSION AB Density-functional calculations using an exact exchange potential for a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed in a GaAs single quantum well predict the existence of a spin-polarized phase, when an excited subband becomes slightly populated. Direct experimental evidence is obtained from low-temperature and low-excitation power photoluminescence (PL) spectra, which display the sudden appearance of a sharp emission peak below the energy of the optical transition from the first excited electron subband upon its occupation. The behavior of this PL feature in magnetic fields applied in-plane as well as perpendicular to the 2DEG indicate the formation of spin-polarized domains in the excited subband with in-plane magnetization. The strong enhancement of exchange-vertex corrections observed in inelastic light scattering spectra by spin-density excitations of a slightly occupied first-excited subband also speaks for the appearance of magnetic ordering. C1 Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. MPI Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, Hardenbergstr 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. RI Reboredo, Fernando/B-8391-2009; Thomsen, Christian/E-2295-2012; Goni, Alejandro/M-2239-2014; Thomsen, Christian/B-5014-2015 OI Goni, Alejandro/0000-0002-1193-3063; Thomsen, Christian/0000-0001-6057-1401 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 195331 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195331 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800109 ER PT J AU Gu, RY AF Gu, RY TI Joint effect of lattice interaction and potential fluctuation in colossal magnetoresistive manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENCE MANGANITES; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; PHASE-SEPARATION; TRANSITION; LOCALIZATION; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TEMPERATURE; DIAGRAM; MODELS; STATES AB Taking into account both the Jahn-Teller lattice distortion and the on-site electronic potential fluctuations in the orbital-degenerated double-exchange model, in which both the core-spin and the lattice distortion are treated classically, we investigate theoretically the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in manganites by considering the electronic localization effect. An inverse matrix method is developed for calculation in which we use the inverse of the transfer matrix to obtain the localization length. We find that within reasonable range of parameters, both the lattice effect and the potential fluctuation are responsible to the occurrence of the MIT. The role of the orbital configuration is also discussed. C1 Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gu, RY (reprint author), Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184444 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184444 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300096 ER PT J AU Gurtubay, IG Ku, W Pitarke, JM Eguiluz, AG Larson, BC Tischler, J Zschack, P AF Gurtubay, IG Ku, W Pitarke, JM Eguiluz, AG Larson, BC Tischler, J Zschack, P TI Large crystal local-field effects in the dynamical structure factor of rutile TiO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; OXIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; SPECTRA; ANATASE; STATE; GAS AB We present ab initio time-dependent density-functional calculations and nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the dynamical structure factor of rutile TiO2. Our calculations are in good agreement with experiment and prove the presence of large crystal local-field effects below the Ti M edge, which yield a sharp loss peak at 14 eV whose intensity features a remarkable nonmonotonic dependence on the wave vector. These effects, which impact the excitation spectra in the oxide more dramatically than in transition metals, provide a signature of the underlying electronic structure. C1 Univ Basque Country, Zientzi Fak, Mat Kondentsatuaren Fis Saila, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Basque Country, CSIC, Unidad Fis Mat, E-20018 Donostia San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain. Univ Basque Country, CSIC, DIPC, E-20018 Donostia San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Univ Basque Country, Zientzi Fak, Mat Kondentsatuaren Fis Saila, 644 Posta Kutxatila, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain. RI CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Pitarke, Jose/C-8602-2009; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014 OI Pitarke, Jose/0000-0002-8253-8028; NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 201201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.201201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600003 ER PT J AU Guven, K Aydin, K Alici, KB Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E AF Guven, K Aydin, K Alici, KB Soukoulis, CM Ozbay, E TI Spectral negative refraction and focusing analysis of a two-dimensional left-handed photonic crystal lens SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We report the spectral refraction analysis and focusing properties of a two-dimensional, dielectric photonic crystal (PC) slab in freespace. A transverse electric polarized upper band of the crystal is used. The measured refraction spectra indicates that a highly isotropic negative index of refraction is present in the measured frequency range of the band. We demonstrate experimentally and numerically the focusing of the field emitted from an omnidirectional source placed in front of the crystal. Both the source and the focus pattern are away from the PC interfaces of the order of several wavelengths. The focus pattern mimics the arbitrary lateral and longitudinal shifts of the source, which is a manifestation of true flat lens behavior. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Bilkent Univ, Adv Res Lab, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM guven@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Aydin, Koray/D-5100-2009; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011; Alici, Kamil Boratay/F-4013-2012 OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216; Alici, Kamil Boratay/0000-0003-2924-7464 NR 20 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205125 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205125 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600047 ER PT J AU Hiraka, H Lee, SH Gehring, PM Xu, GY Shirane, G AF Hiraka, H Lee, SH Gehring, PM Xu, GY Shirane, G TI Cold neutron study on the diffuse scattering and phonon excitations in the relaxor Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LEAD MAGNESIUM NIOBATE; PEROVSKITES AB Cold neutron scattering experiments have been performed to explore the energy, temperature, and wave-vector dependence of the diffuse scattering and the transverse acoustic (TA) phonons in the relaxor Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3. We have observed a weak diffuse scattering cross section above the Burns temperature T(d)similar to600 K. This cross section, which is most likely caused by chemical short-range order, persists down to 100 K, and coexists with the much stronger diffuse scattering that is attributed to the polar nanoregions. A systematic study of the TA phonon around (1, 1, 0) has also been carried out. The phonon is well defined for small wave-vectors q, but broadens markedly around q=(0.1,-0.1,0). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Hiraka, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hiraka@imr.tohoku.ac.jp RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010; OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 25 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184105 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300018 ER PT J AU Idrobo, JC Ogut, S Yildirim, T Klie, RF Browning, ND AF Idrobo, JC Ogut, S Yildirim, T Klie, RF Browning, ND TI Electronic and superconducting properties of oxygen-ordered MgB2 compounds of the form Mg2B3Ox SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; MAGNESIUM-DIBORIDE; T-C; IMPROVEMENT; TRANSITION; WIRES AB Possible candidates for the Mg2B3Ox nanostructures observed in bulk of polycrystalline MgB2 [Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3970 (2002)] have been studied using a combination of Z-contrast imaging, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and first-principles calculations. The electronic structures, phonon modes, and electron phonon coupling parameters are calculated for two oxygen-ordered MgB2 compounds of composition Mg2B3O and Mg2B3O2, and compared with those of MgB2. We find that the densities of states for both Mg2B3Ox structures show very good agreement with EELS, indicating that they are excellent candidates to explain the observed coherent oxygen precipitates. Incorporation of oxygen reduces the transition temperature and gives calculated T-C values of 18.3 and 1.6 K for Mg2B3O and Mg2B3O2, respectively. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Idrobo, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jidrobo@lbl.gov RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009; Ogut, Serdar/B-1749-2012; Idrobo, Juan/H-4896-2015; OI Idrobo, Juan/0000-0001-7483-9034; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172503 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000030 ER PT J AU Kalinin, SV Karapetian, E Kachanov, M AF Kalinin, SV Karapetian, E Kachanov, M TI Nanoelectromechanics of piezoresponse force microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC MEMORY CELLS; THIN-FILMS; PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS; DOMAIN; POLARIZATION; INDENTATION; SURFACE; FIELD; TIP; NANOSTRUCTURES AB To achieve quantitative interpretation of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), including resolution limits, tip bias- and strain-induced phenomena and spectroscopy, analytical representations for tip-induced electroelastic fields inside the material are derived for the cases of weak and strong indentation. In the weak indentation case, electrostatic field distribution is calculated using an image charge model. In the strong indentation case, the solution of the coupled electroelastic problem for piezoelectric indentation is used to obtain the electric field and strain distribution in the ferroelectric material. This establishes a complete continuum mechanics description of the PFM contact mechanics and imaging mechanism. The electroelastic field distribution allows signal generation volume in PFM to be determined. These rigorous solutions are compared with the electrostatic point-charge and sphere-plane models, and the applicability limits for asymptotic point-charge and point-force models are established. The implications of these results for ferroelectric polarization switching processes are analyzed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Suffolk Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov; karap@comcast.net; mark.kachanov@tufts.edu RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Kachanov, Mark/F-7571-2015 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Kachanov, Mark/0000-0002-6354-0341 NR 62 TC 139 Z9 140 U1 8 U2 64 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184101 PG 24 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300014 ER PT J AU Khovailo, VV Novosad, V Takagi, T Filippov, DA Levitin, RZ Vasil'ev, AN AF Khovailo, VV Novosad, V Takagi, T Filippov, DA Levitin, RZ Vasil'ev, AN TI Magnetic properties and magnetostructural phase transitions in Ni2+xMn1-xGa shape memory alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND NI2MNGA; HEUSLER ALLOYS; TRANSFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; ORDER AB A systematic study of magnetic properties of Ni2+xMn1-xGa (0less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.19) Heusler alloys undergoing structural martensite-austenite transformations while in the ferromagnetic state has been performed. From measurements of spontaneous magnetization, M-s(T), jumps DeltaM at structural phase transitions were determined. Virtual Curie temperatures of martensite were estimated from the comparison of magnetization in martensitic and austenitic phases. Both saturation magnetic moments in the ferromagnetic state and effective magnetic moments in paramagnetic state of Mn and Ni atoms were estimated and the influence of delocalization effects on magnetism in these alloys was discussed. The experimental results obtained show that the shift of martensitic transition temperature depends weakly on composition. The values of this shift are in good correspondence with the Clapeyron-Clausius formalism taking into account the experimental data on latent heat at martensite-austenite transformations. C1 Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tohoku Ctr, Sendai, Miyagi 9838551, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Fluid Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Khovailo, VV (reprint author), RAS, Inst Radioengn & Elect, Moscow 125009, Russia. RI Khovaylo, Vladimir/A-9706-2010; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Vasiliev, Alexander/A-7562-2008; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; Filippov, Dmitry/C-1156-2016; OI Khovaylo, Vladimir/0000-0001-7815-100X; Filippov, Dmitry/0000-0002-4359-7770; Takagi, Toshiyuki/0000-0003-1283-4320 NR 25 TC 107 Z9 111 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174413 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000076 ER PT J AU Kim, YJ Hill, JP Gu, GD Chou, FC Wakimoto, S Birgeneau, RJ Komiya, S Ando, Y Motoyama, N Kojima, KM Uchida, S Casa, D Gog, T AF Kim, YJ Hill, JP Gu, GD Chou, FC Wakimoto, S Birgeneau, RJ Komiya, S Ando, Y Motoyama, N Kojima, KM Uchida, S Casa, D Gog, T TI Molecular orbital excitations in cuprates: Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering studies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EMISSION SPECTRA; ND2CUO4; LA2CUO4; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LA2-XSRXCUO4; GAP AB We report resonant inelastic x-ray scattering studies of electronic excitations in a wide variety of cuprate compounds. Specifically, we focus on the charge-transfer type excitation of an electron from a bonding molecular orbital to an antibonding molecular orbital in a copper oxygen plaquette. Both the excitation energy and the amount of dispersion are found to increase significantly as the copper oxygen bond length is reduced. We also find that the estimated bond-length dependence of the hopping integral t(pd) is much stronger than that expected from tight-binding theory. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, CMC CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, YJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hill, John/F-6549-2011; Kim, Young-June /G-7196-2011; Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013; Casa, Diego/F-9060-2016 OI Kim, Young-June /0000-0002-1172-8895; Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355; NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205128 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205128 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600050 ER PT J AU Liu, DJ Evans, JW AF Liu, DJ Evans, JW TI From atomic scale reactant ordering to mesoscale reaction front propagation: CO oxidation on Pd(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; SURFACE-REACTIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ADSORPTION; OXYGEN; PHASE; TRANSITION; DIFFUSION; KINETICS AB We utilize a heterogeneous coupled lattice-gas (HCLG) approach to connect the length scales from a realistic atomistic description of surface reactions to the associated mesoscale spatiotemporal behavior. This method is applied to describe reaction front structure in a model for CO oxidation on Pd(100) which incorporates complex ordering of CO and O adlayers, and a precise treatment of the chemical diffusion for interacting CO adlayers in an environment of coadsorbed O. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Liu, DJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193408 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800035 ER PT J AU Niklasson, AMN AF Niklasson, AMN TI Iterative refinement method for the approximate factorization of a matrix inverse SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; SYSTEM-SIZE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SCALING ALGORITHM; PRECONDITIONER; PURIFICATION; COMPUTATIONS; MINIMIZATION AB An iterative refinement technique for the sparse approximate inverse factor Z of a symmetric matrix S, where ZZ(T)approximate toS(-1) is proposed. Its efficiency is demonstrated for the approximate inverse square root and Cholesky factorization of the overlap matrix S in the generalized eigenvalue problem occurring in linear scaling electronic structure theory using a localized, nonorthogonal basis set. A version of the refinement method useful for local perturbations of the overlap matrix is also proposed. In addition to its applications in electronic structure theory, the scheme may be useful for iterative refinement of preconditioners. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Niklasson, AMN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800002 ER PT J AU Ono, S Komiya, S Lavrov, AN Ando, Y Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS AF Ono, S Komiya, S Lavrov, AN Ando, Y Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS TI Spin reorientation and in-plane magnetoresistance of lightly doped La2-xSrxCuO4 in magnetic fields up to 55 T SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NORMAL-STATE; LA2CUO4; PHASE; LA2-XSR(X)CUO4; TRANSITION; CRYSTAL; STRIPES; OXIDES; MODEL; PURE AB The magnetoresistance (MR) in the in-plane resistivity is measured in magnetic fields up to 55 T in lightly doped La2-xSrxCuO4 in the Neel state (x=0.01) and in the spin-glass state (x=0.03) using high-quality untwinned single crystals. In both cases, a large negative MR is observed to appear when the magnetic order is established. For x=0.01, it is found that the MR is indicative of a one-step transition into a high-field weak-ferromagnetic state at around 20 T when the magnetic field is applied from the spin easy axis (b axis), which means that there is no spin-flop transition in the Neel state of this material; this is contrary to a previous report, but is natural in light of the peculiar in-plane magnetic susceptibility anisotropy recently found in this system. In the spin-glass state, we observe that the large (up to similar to20%) negative MR saturates at around 40 T, and this MR is found to be essentially isotropic when the magnetic field is rotated within the ab plane. Our data show that the large negative MR is inherent to LSCO in a magnetically ordered state, in which the weak-ferromagnetic (WF) moment becomes well-defined; we discuss that the observed MR is essentially due to the reorientation of the WF moments towards the magnetic field direction both in the Neel state and in the spin-glass state. C1 Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. EM ando@criepi.denken.or.jp RI Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013 OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184527 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184527 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300123 ER PT J AU Ross, M Yang, LH Boehler, R AF Ross, M Yang, LH Boehler, R TI Melting of aluminum, molybdenum, and the light actinides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RESOLVED PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INVERSE POWER POTENTIALS; TRANSITION-METALS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SHOCK COMPRESSION AB A semiempirical model was developed in order to explain why the measured melting curves of molybdenum, and the other bcc transition metals, have an unusually low slope (dT/dPsimilar to0). The total binding energy of Mo is written as the sum of the repulsive energy of the ions and sp electrons (modeled by an inverse sixth power potential) and the d-band cohesive energy is described by the well known Friedel equation. Using literature values for the Mo band width energy, the number of d electrons and their volume dependence, we find that a small broadening of the liquid d-band width (similar to1%) leads to an increase in the stability of the liquid relative to the solid. This is sufficient to depress the melting temperature and lower the melting slope to a value in agreement with the recent diamond-anvil cell measurements. Omission of the d-band physics results in an Al-like melting curve with a much steeper melt slope. The model, when applied to the f electrons of the light actinides (Th-Am), gives agreement with the observed fall and rise in the melting temperature with increasing atomic number. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 53 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184112 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300025 ER PT J AU Sales, BC Jin, R Affholter, KA Khalifah, P Veith, GM Mandrus, D AF Sales, BC Jin, R Affholter, KA Khalifah, P Veith, GM Mandrus, D TI Magnetic, thermodynamic, and transport characterization of Na0.75CoO2 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMOELECTRIC-POWER; PHASE-DIAGRAM; NACO2O4; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NAXCOO2-DELTA; DIFFRACTION; THERMOPOWER; NAXCO2O4; VALENCE AB The magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of Na0.75CoO2 single crystals grown by the floating zone (FZ) method are reported. Magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, magnetoresistance, and heat capacity data from these crystals indicate a bulk phase transition at T-1=22 K. These data are most consistent with the formation of an antiferromagnetic spin-density-wave (SDW) at 22 K with the easy axis for magnetization nearly along the c axis. Weak and soft ferromagnetism is observed for applied magnetic fields less than 0.5 Tesla, which is unusual for a SDW transition. The jump in the heat capacity at the SDW transition is 0.45 J/K-mol-Co, about 50% of the value expected from mean-field weak-coupling theory. The reduced jump and the decrease in the resistivity below T-1 are consistent with partial gapping of the Fermi surface. The magnetoresistance is small at the SDW transition but increases in both directions reaching a value of 100% at 2 K for applied fields of 8 Tesla. The magnetoresistance data imply that the mobility of the remaining carriers is large and increases below T-1. The observation of a SDW transition in this material is found to be sensitive to the preparation conditions and the degree of order in the Na layers. No SDW transition is observed in our polycrystalline powder with the same nominal composition (Na0.75CoO2) and lattice constants. Differential scanning calorimetry data, however, show distinct differences between the powder and crystal, suggesting a higher degree of order in the Na layers within the crystal. The crystal exhibits a sharp first-order phase transition at T-2=340 K, while for the powder this transition is smeared over the temperature range from 250 to 310 K. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sales, BC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 40 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174419 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000082 ER PT J AU Schnack, J Nojiri, H Kogerler, P Cooper, GJT Cronin, L AF Schnack, J Nojiri, H Kogerler, P Cooper, GJT Cronin, L TI Magnetic characterization of the frustrated three-leg ladder compound [(CuCl(2)tachH)(3)Cl]Cl-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE REACTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPIN SYSTEMS; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; LATTICE; LINKING; BEHAVIOR; PLATEAUS; MODELS; CHAIN AB We report the magnetic features of a one-dimensional stack of antiferromagnetically coupled equilateral copper(II) triangles. High-field magnetization measurements show that the interaction between the copper triangles is of the same order of magnitude as the intratriangle exchange although only coupled via hydrogen bonds. The infinite chain turns out to be an interesting example of a frustrated cylindrical three-leg ladder with competing intra- and inter-triangle interactions. We demonstrate that the ground state is a spin singlet which is gaped from the triplet excitation. C1 Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. EM jschnack@uos.de; nojiri@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; kogerler@ameslab.gov; L.Cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk RI Schnack, Jurgen/A-4079-2008; Cronin, Leroy/B-7752-2008; Nojiri, Hiroyuki/B-3688-2011; Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Schnack, Jurgen/0000-0003-0702-2723; Cronin, Leroy/0000-0001-8035-5757; Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 23 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174420 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000083 ER PT J AU Segev, D Wei, SH AF Segev, D Wei, SH TI Effects of alloying, ordering, and strain on the exchange parameters of II-VI dilute magnetic semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECIAL QUASIRANDOM STRUCTURES; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; TOTAL-ENERGY; CHALCOGENIDES; CD1-XMNXTE; INJECTION; ALIGNMENT; EPITAXY AB Using the band-structure method, we have studied the coupling between the magnetic ion d states and the itinerant valence and conduction states in Be1-xMnxTe, Zn1-xMnxSe, Zn1-xMnxTe, and Cd1-xMnxTe semiconductor alloys. We show that alloying, atomic ordering, and interfaces in semiconductor heterostructures have large effects on the N(0)alpha and N(0)beta exchange parameters. General chemical trends on the variation of the exchange parameters as a function of the alloy concentration are revealed. Our results successfully explain recent puzzling experimental results, which show that N(0)beta in Be1-xMnxTe, measured in the Be1-xMnxTe/ZnSe superlattice, is much smaller than one would expect for bulk Be1-xMnxTe. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Segev, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 18 AR 184401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.184401 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DX UT WOS:000225477300053 ER PT J AU Sinitsyn, NA Dobrovitski, VV AF Sinitsyn, NA Dobrovitski, VV TI Nuclear spin bath effects in molecular nanomagnets: Direct quantum mechanical simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ROOT TIME RELAXATION; MAGNETIZATION; MAGNETS; TRANSITIONS; PARTICLES; SYSTEM; FE-8 AB We investigate the influence of nuclear spins on the electronic spin tunneling in magnetic molecules such as Fe-8, focusing on the role of the spin diffusion in the nuclear spin bath. We simulate the quantum spin dynamics by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for the compound system (the electronic spin plus the bath spins). Our results demonstrate that the effect of the spin bath cannot always be modeled as a randomly varying magnetic field acting on the electronic spin. We consider two dynamical regimes: the spin relaxation in a constant magnetic field, and the spin tunneling in the linearly varying magnetic field passing the avoided level crossing, so-called Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg (LZS) transition. For the first regime, we confirmed that the hole in the magnetization distribution has the width of the hyperfine fields distribution. For the second regime, we found that the transition probability for moderately slow sweeps deviates from the standard LZS prediction, while for the fast sweeps the deviation is negligible. C1 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sinitsyn, NA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Sinitsyn, nikolai/B-5617-2009 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174449 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174449 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000112 ER PT J AU Tiago, ML Rohlfing, M Louie, SG AF Tiago, ML Rohlfing, M Louie, SG TI Bound excitons and optical properties of bulk trans-polyacetylene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATED POLYMERS; AB-INITIO; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; INTRINSIC DEFECTS; 1ST PRINCIPLES; X-RAY; EXCITATIONS; POLYACETYLENE; SEMICONDUCTORS; POLYTHIOPHENE AB Using the GW approximation and solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation, we performed a first-principles study of the electronic configuration and linear optical response of crystalline polyacetylene (-C2H2-), one of the simplest conjugated polymers. The optical spectrum is dominated by a low-energy bound exciton, denoted 1(1)B(u). A "dark" interchain bound exciton is found to be almost degenerate with state 1(1)B(u). Interchain interactions are found to be responsible for a reduction of both the electronic energy gap and the binding energy of bound excitons, compared to previous single-chain calculation. The optical absorption spectrum is compared to measurements performed on thin films of oriented polyacetylene. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Int Univ Bremen, Sch Engn & Sci, D-28725 Bremen, Germany. RP Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193204 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800011 ER PT J AU Trave, A Ribeiro, FJ Louie, SG Cohen, ML AF Trave, A Ribeiro, FJ Louie, SG Cohen, ML TI Energetics and structural characterization of C-60 polymerization in BN and carbon nanopeapods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BORON-NITRIDE NANOTUBES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FULLERENE PEAPODS; ENCAPSULATED C-60; SHAPED C-120; DIMER; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DIMERIZATION; DIFFRACTION AB As in the case of carbon nanotubes, also boron nitride nanotubes may host arrays of C-60 molecules and form a nanopeapod (NPP). The observed separation between C-60 molecules in BN NPP's is consistently shorter than in carbon NPP's, which influences their electronic properties. Here we report on total-energy pseudopotential density functional theory (DFT) calculations for polymerized and nonpolymerized C-60 chains, and optimize their atomic structures to provide a description of their energetic landscape. A fully polymerized C-60 chain and a C-60 dimer are found to be more stable than nonpolymerized C-60, respectively, by 0.89 and 0.38 eV/C-60. The geometry and energetics of an encapsulated C-60 chain is not significantly different with respect to the isolated molecule. Encapsulation energies in BN and carbon NPP's are, respectively, 1.56 and 1.67 eV/C-60, which are significantly larger than the calculated activation energy for C-60 polymerization, supporting the hypothesis that encapsulated C-60's in NPP's are partially polymerized. Band structure analysis show that polymerization does not affect the gap width of the C-60 chain. BN NPP's are semiconductors with a gap width determined by the C-60. The lowest unoccupied C-60 states lie just above the Fermi level in metallic carbon NPP's and charge transfert could take place, affecting the C-60 geometry. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Trave, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, L-415,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Ribeiro, Filipe/0000-0003-3843-7702 NR 58 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205418 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205418 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600126 ER PT J AU Tsoi, S Alawadhi, H Lu, X Ager, JW Liao, CY Riemann, H Haller, EE Rodriguez, S Ramdas, AK AF Tsoi, S Alawadhi, H Lu, X Ager, JW Liao, CY Riemann, H Haller, EE Rodriguez, S Ramdas, AK TI Electron-phonon renormalization of electronic band gaps of semiconductors: Isotopically enriched silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDIRECT ENERGY-GAP; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ISOTOPE DEPENDENCE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ABSORPTION; DIAMOND; SI; GE; LUMINESCENCE; GERMANIUM AB Photoluminescence and wavelength-modulated transmission spectra displaying phonon-assisted indirect excitonic transitions in isotopically enriched Si-28, Si-29, Si-30, as well as in natural Si, have yielded the isotopic mass (M) dependence of the indirect excitonic gap (E-gx) and the relevant phonon frequencies. Interpreting these measurements on the basis of a phenomenological theory for (partial derivativeE(gx)/partial derivativeM), we deduce E-gx(M=infinity)=(1213.8+/-1.2) meV, the purely electronic value in the absence of electron-phonon interaction and volume changes associated with anharmonicity. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Sharjah, Dept Basic Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. IKZ, Berlin, Germany. RP Tsoi, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. OI Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800008 ER PT J AU Wang, CM Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Duscher, G AF Wang, CM Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Duscher, G TI Direct observation of substitutional Au atoms in SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCALE; MGO AB Ion implantation and subsequent high-temperature annealing is an effective way to prepare metal nanoclusters dispersed in a dielectric for useful optical and electrical properties. However, there is very little understanding of the nucleation and growth process of these nanoclusters, their correlations with the sites of the implanted ions, and the behavior of defects (such as vacancies) generated during the ion-implantation process. Using high-angle annular dark-field imaging in aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, we have directly observed that, at a dilute concentration, Au atoms implanted in SrTiO3 are in a substitutional lattice position for both Sr and Ti. The congregation of Au atoms by diffusion to a critical concentration leads to the nucleation of an Au lattice within the SrTiO3. The Au nanocluster and SrTiO3 were found to maintain an orientation relationship of Au[001]//SrTiO3[001] and Au(100)//SrTiO3(100), which corroborated the results of a first-principles total-energy calculation. The interface between the Au cluster and SrTiO3 was bridged by an O/Ti plane. The Au-O bond length was found to be 2.2 Angstrom, which is the same as the Au-O bond length in AuO. Furthermore, the atomic planes adjacent to the interface in both Au and SrTiO3 were found to be slightly stretched. The high concentration of vacancies generated during the Au implantation aggregated to form cavities in the SrTiO3 lattice, and were faceted mostly along the SrTiO3 {100} and (110) planes. The Au and vacancy clusters were spatially associated, indicating a strong interaction. Thus, the formation of cavities in Au-implanted materials indicates that the vacancy-clustering process prevails over the Frenkel-pair recombination. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chongmin.wang@pnl.gov RI Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000009 ER PT J AU Woodward, FM Lynn, JW Stone, MB Mahendiran, R Schiffer, P Mitchell, JF Argyriou, DN Chapon, LC AF Woodward, FM Lynn, JW Stone, MB Mahendiran, R Schiffer, P Mitchell, JF Argyriou, DN Chapon, LC TI Field-induced avalanche to the ferromagnetic state in the phase-separated ground state of manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; ORDERED MANGANITES; PR0.7CA0.3MNO3; PR1-XCAXMNO3; DYNAMICS; CHARGE AB Perovskite manganite compounds such as Pr1-x(Ca1-ySry)(x)MnO3 can be tuned to exhibit a metastable ground state where two magnetic/crystallographic phases coexist in zero magnetic field. Field-dependent neutron diffraction measurements on both poly- and single-crystal samples with a range of Pr, Ca, and Sr dopings (0.3less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.35 and yless than or equal to0.30) reveal that the charge ordered, antiferromagnetic phase of the ground state suddenly and irreversibly jumps to the ferromagnetic state. The transition occurs spontaneously at some time after the field is set above a threshold field, indicating that once the transition is initiated an avalanche occurs that drives it to completion. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Schiffer, Peter/F-3227-2011; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; Mahendiran, R/G-1123-2012; OI Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Schiffer, Peter/0000-0002-6430-6549 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174433 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000096 ER PT J AU Xu, GY Zhong, Z Hiraka, H Shirane, G AF Xu, GY Zhong, Z Hiraka, H Shirane, G TI Three-dimensional mapping of diffuse scattering in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-xPbTiO(3) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR AB High energy (67 keV) x-ray diffuse scattering measurements were performed on single crystals of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-xPbTiO(3) (PZN-xPT), to map out the diffuse scattering distribution in all three dimensions around a large number of Bragg peaks simultaneously. For x = 0,4.5%, and 8%, the results are very similar, indicating same type of correlations of polarizations in these compounds. Our results show that the diffuse scattering intensity consists of six [110] rod-type intensities around reciprocal lattice points. A simple model is suggested where {110} type planar correlations of the in-plane [1 (1) over bar0] type polarizations in real space contribute to the [110] rod-type diffuse intensities in the reciprocal space. The planar correlations of polarizations are likely a result from condensations of soft [1 (1) over bar0] polarized optic phonon modes. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010 OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275 NR 32 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174109 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000044 ER PT J AU Yan, YF Dalpian, GM Al-Jassim, MM Wei, SH AF Yan, YF Dalpian, GM Al-Jassim, MM Wei, SH TI Energetics and electronic structure of stacking faults in ZnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INVERSION DOMAIN; SEMICONDUCTORS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; FABRICATION; TRANSITION; DEPOSITION; BOUNDARIES AB The energetics and electronic structures of basal-plane stacking faults in wurtzite (WZ) ZnO are studied using first-principles density-functional total energy calculations. All the basal-plane stacking faults are found to have very low formations energies. They also introduce a downward shift at the conduction-band minimum (CBM). However, plane-averaged charge densities of the CBM state reveal that the CBM states are not very localized, indicating that these stacking faults should be electronically inert. The high concentration of these stacking faults can result in embedded zinc-blende (ZB) ZnO surrounded by WZ materials. The WZ/ZB interface exhibits a type-II lineup with DeltaE(V)approximate to0.037 eV and DeltaE(C)approximate to0.147 eV. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Dalpian, Gustavo/B-9746-2008 OI Dalpian, Gustavo/0000-0001-5561-354X NR 24 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 7 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 19 AR 193206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.193206 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EB UT WOS:000225477800013 ER PT J AU Young, BL MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Ishida, K Bernal, OO Lukefahr, HG Heuser, K Stewart, GR AF Young, BL MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Ishida, K Bernal, OO Lukefahr, HG Heuser, K Stewart, GR TI Si-29 nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in CePtSi1-xGex near a magnetic instability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ELECTRON COMPOUNDS; COMPOUND CEPTSI; KNIGHT-SHIFT; NMR; METALS; RESONANCE; DISORDER AB Si-29 nuclear spin-lattice relaxation measurements have been performed in the heavy-fermion alloys CePtSi1-xGex, x=0 and 0.1, in order to study spin dynamics near a magnetic instability. The spin-relaxation curves for both x=0 and x=0.1 are found to fit to a stretched exponential slightly better than a single exponential function, which suggests that the relaxation rates are inhomogeneous to some extent, due to structural disorder. Within experimental resolution, the relaxation curve is in agreement with the theoretical curve calculated from the Kondo-disorder model. The temperature-dependent relaxation rate 1/T-1 follows the Korringa relation in CePtSi below 4 K, but not in CePtSi0.9Ge0.1. This means that Fermi-liquid and non-Fermi-liquid excitations appear in x=0 and x=0.1 samples, respectively, which agrees with the results from specific heat experiments. The effective moments of Ce3+ ions in CePtSi1-xGex for directions parallel and perpendicular to the c axis, calculated from the crystalline electric field (CEF) levels, explain the anisotropy in the observed susceptibilities, hyperfine coupling constants, and spin-lattice relaxation rates. The magnitude of the CEF-corrected Korringa products for the two samples shows the same order as the expected value for a Fermi gas, which indicates that no obvious spin-correlated fluctuations or magnetic order are present. This seems to disagree with the Griffiths phase model, in which magnetic clusters are spatially-extended objects containing many spins. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Whittier Coll, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 174430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.174430 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000093 ER PT J AU Zeng, CG Zhu, WG Erwin, SC Zhang, ZY Weitering, HH AF Zeng, CG Zhu, WG Erwin, SC Zhang, ZY Weitering, HH TI Initial stages of Mn adsorption on Ge(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ELECTRON BINDING ENERGIES; WAVE BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SEMICONDUCTOR; SURFACE; MANGANESE; METALS; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION AB The initial stages of growth of Mn on Ge(111) were studied with scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles density functional theory calculations. Mn atoms adsorb on the H-3 sites of the Ge(111)-c(2x8) reconstruction, a process that is usually accompanied by a registry shift (along the [1 (1) over bar0] direction) of an adjacent Ge adatom row. Deposition of approximately one monolayer of Mn and subsequent annealing results in the formation of Mn5Ge3 islands. Epitaxial Mn5Ge3 films can be grown from a solid-state reaction between the Mn deposit and Ge substrate. The Mn5Ge3 films are ferromagnetic metals with a magnetic moment of 2.6 mu(B) per Mn, as determined from the Mn 3s exchange splitting in XPS. Theoretical calculations of the adsorption sites, surface structures, and electronic structure all agree exceedingly well with the experimental observations. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Quantum Struct, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zeng, CG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Zhu, Wenguang/F-4224-2011 OI Zhu, Wenguang/0000-0003-0819-595X NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 20 AR 205340 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.205340 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876EI UT WOS:000225478600105 ER PT J AU Zhang, XG Butler, WH AF Zhang, XG Butler, WH TI Large magnetoresistance in bcc Co/MgO/Co and FeCo/MgO/FeCo tunnel junctions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTION; LAYER AB By use of first-principles electronic structure calculations, we predict that the magnetoresistance of the bcc Co(100)/MgO(100)/bccCo(100) and FeCo(100)/MgO(100)/FeCo(100) tunneling junctions can be several times larger than the very large magnetoresistance predicted for the Fe(100)/MgO(100)/Fe(100) system. The origin of this large magnetoresistance can be understood by considering the electrons at the Fermi energy traveling perpendicular to the interfaces. For the minority spins there is no state with Delta(1) symmetry whereas for the majority spins there is only a Delta(1) state. The Delta(1) state decays much more slowly than the other states within the MgO barrier. In the absence of scattering which breaks the conservation of momentum parallel to the interfaces, the electrons traveling perpendicular to the interfaces undergo total reflection if the moments of the electrodes are antiparallel. These arguments apply equally well to systems with other well ordered tunnel barriers and for which the most slowly decaying complex energy band in the barrier has Delta(1) symmetry. Examples include systems with (100) layers constructed from Fe, bcc Co, or bcc FeCo electrodes and Ge, GaAs, or ZnSe barriers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 20 TC 196 Z9 200 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 17 AR 172407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.172407 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876DU UT WOS:000225477000019 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopdhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S De Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Foley, KJ Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hiort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lane, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, O Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, VP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, B Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierezuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopdhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S De Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Foley, KJ Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hiort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lane, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, O Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, VP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, B Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierezuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN TI Measurements of transverse energy distributions in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GLUON-PLASMA; MULTIPLICITY; MATTER AB Transverse energy (ET) distributions have been measured for Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC. E-T is constructed from its hadronic and electromagnetic components, which have been measured separately. ET production for the most central collisions is well described by several theoretical models whose common feature is large energy density achieved early in the fireball evolution. The magnitude and centrality dependence of ET per charged particle agrees well with measurements at lower collision energy, indicating that the growth in ET for larger collision energy results from the growth in particle production. The electromagnetic fraction of the total ET is consistent with a final state dominated by mesons and independent of centrality. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU, HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adams, J (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045 NR 42 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054907 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000055 ER PT J AU Agvaanluvsan, U Schiller, A Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE Guttormsen, M Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Siem, S Voinov, A Younes, W AF Agvaanluvsan, U Schiller, A Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE Guttormsen, M Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Siem, S Voinov, A Younes, W TI Level densities and gamma-ray strength functions in Yb-170,Yb-171,Yb-172 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI; SPECTRA; DECAY AB Level densities and radiative strength functions in Yb-171 and Yb-170 nuclei have been measured using the Yb-171(He-3,He-3'gamma)Yb-171 and Yb-171(He-3,alphagamma)Yb-171 reactions. New data on Yb-171 are compared to previous measurements for Yb-171 from the Yb-172(He-3,alphagamma)Yb-171 reaction. The systematics of level densities and radiative strength functions in Yb-170,Yb-171,Yb-172 are established. The entropy excess in Yb-171 relative to the even-even nuclei Yb-170,Yb-172 due to the impaired neutron quasiparticle is found to be approximately 2k(B). Results for the radiative strength function from the two reactions lead to consistent parameters characterizing the "pygmy" resonances. Pygmy resonances in the Yb-170,Yb-172 populated by the (He-3,alpha) reaction appear to be split into two components for both of which a complete set of resonance parameters is obtained. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Agvaanluvsan, U (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM agvaanluvsan1@llnl.gov NR 31 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054611 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054611 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000046 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Holis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Holis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadman, SG Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Particle production at very low transverse momenta in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB We present results on charged particle production at very low transverse momenta in the 15% most central Au + Au collisions at roots(NN) = 200 GeV obtained with the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The invariant yields were measured at midrapidity in the transverse momentum ranges from 30 to 50 MeV/c for charged pions, 90 to 130 MeV/c for charged kaons and 140 to 210 MeV/c for protons and antiprotons. No significant enhancement in low transverse momentum particle production is observed as compared to extrapolations of identified particle spectra measured at an intermediate P-T range. The spectra tend to flatten at low p(T), consistent with the expectations of transverse expansion of the system. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. PAN, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011 NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 051901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.051901 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000006 ER PT J AU Cotanch, SR Williams, RA AF Cotanch, SR Williams, RA TI Glueball enhancements in p(gamma, VV)p through vector meson dominance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID KAON PHOTOPRODUCTION; FORM-FACTORS; PHI-MESON; NUCLEON; STRANGENESS; PROTON; MODEL; POMERON; LATTICE; MASONS AB Double vector meson photoproduction, p(gamma, G --> VV)p, mediated by a scalar glueball G is investigated. Using vector meson dominance (VMD) and Regge/pomeron phenomenology, a glueball enhancement is predicted in the invariant VV=rhorho and omegaomega mass spectra. The resonant cross-section profile is sensitive to the total glueball width, Gamma(G), but is discernable for Gamma(G)= 125 MeV or less. The scalar glueball is assumed to be the lightest physical state on the daughter pomeron trajectory governing diffractive vector meson photoproduction. In addition to cross sections, calculations for hadronic and electromagnetic glueball decays, G --> VV'(V, V' = rho,omega,phi,gamma), and y(upsilon)V --> G transition form factors are presented based upon flavor universality, VMD, and phenomenological couplings from phi photoproduction analyses. Due to limited phase space, the predicted glueball VV decay widths are sensitive to the uncertain glueball mass, however the extracted glueball VV coupling constant is similar to an independent theoretical study. Possible signatures for glueball detection are also discussed. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Hampton Univ, Nucl Phys Grp, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Cotanch, SR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 055201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.055201 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000057 ER PT J AU Ekman, J Andreoiu, C Fahlander, C Mineva, MN Rudolph, D Bentley, MA Williams, SJ Charity, RJ Ideguchi, E Reviol, W Sarantites, DG Tomov, V Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Carpenter, MR Seweryniak, D AF Ekman, J Andreoiu, C Fahlander, C Mineva, MN Rudolph, D Bentley, MA Williams, SJ Charity, RJ Ideguchi, E Reviol, W Sarantites, DG Tomov, V Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Carpenter, MR Seweryniak, D TI Core excited states in the A=51 mirror nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; GAMMASPHERE AB Three previously unknown high-energy gamma-ray transitions between 4.2 and 5.4 MeV were identified in the T-z=-1/2 nucleus Fe-51 following the fusion-evaporation reaction S-32(Si-28, 2alpha1n)Fe-51. These transitions represent decays of core excited states. The gamma rays were detected in the Ge detector array Gammasphere combined with the neutron detector system Neutron Shell and the charged-particle array Microball. The three transitions are related to the mirror transitions in the T-z= + 1 /2 nucleus Mn-51, and the resulting mirror-energy difference diagram is discussed with predictions from large-scale shell-model calculations. C1 Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Keele, Sch Chem & Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ekman, J (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Ekman, Jorgen/C-1385-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Mineva, Milena/L-4894-2016 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 057305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.057305 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000073 ER PT J AU Kundu, J Reddy, S AF Kundu, J Reddy, S TI Neutrino scattering off pair-breaking and collective excitations in superfluid neutron matter and in color-flavor-locked quark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-INVARIANCE; DENSE QCD; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; EMISSION; STARS; PHASE AB We calculate the correlation functions needed to describe the linear response of superfluid matter, and go on to calculate the differential cross section for neutral-current neutrino scattering in superfluid neutron matter and in color-flavor-locked quark matter. We report the first calculation of scattering rates that includes neutrino interactions with both pair-breaking excitations and low-lying collective excitations (Goldstone modes). Our results apply both above and below the critical temperature, allowing use in simulations of neutrino transport in supernovae and neutron stars. C1 MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 53 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 055803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.055803 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000067 ER PT J AU Navratil, P AF Navratil, P TI Cluster form factor calculation in the ab initio no-core shell model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LYING INTRUDER STATES; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; R-MATRIX ANALYSIS; LIGHT-NUCLEI; 1P SHELL; NEIGHBORING NUCLEI; CROSS-SECTION; A=4-16 NUCLEI; ENERGY-LEVELS; QUESTION AB We derive expressions for cluster overlap integrals or channel cluster form factors for ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM) wave functions. These are used to obtain the spectroscopic factors and can serve as a starting point for the description of low-energy nuclear reactions. We consider the composite system and the target nucleus to be described in the Slater determinant (SD) harmonic oscillator (HO) basis while the projectile eigenstate to be expanded in the Jacobi coordinate HO basis. This is the most practical case. The spurious center of mass components present in the SD bases are removed exactly. The calculated cluster overlap integrals are translationally invariant. As an illustration, we present results of cluster form factor calculations for , , , , , , , , , and , with all the nuclei described by multi-(h) over bar Omega NCSM wave functions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-414, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 73 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054324 DI 10.1103/PyhsRevC.70.054324 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000034 ER PT J AU Nica, N Hardy, JC Iacob, VE Raman, S Nestor, CW Trzhaskovskaya, MB AF Nica, N Hardy, JC Iacob, VE Raman, S Nestor, CW Trzhaskovskaya, MB TI Precise measurement of alpha(K) for the M4 transition from Ir-193(m): A test of internal-conversion theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; EFFICIENCY CALIBRATION; HPGE DETECTOR; COEFFICIENTS; SHELL AB The 10.5-day isomer in Ir-193 decays by a single 80.2-keV M4 transition directly to the ground state of that nucleus. We have measured the total intensity of K x rays relative to 80.2-keV gamma rays for this transition to be 98.7(6). With the K-shell fluorescent yield for iridium taken to be 0.958(4), this result yields alpha(K) = 103.0(8) for the K-shell internal conversion coefficient (ICC). The calculated alpha(K) for this transition is particularly sensitive to the treatment of the hole that is created by conversion in the atomic K shell. Recent ICC tables, which ignore the hole, yield alpha(K) = 92.0. We demonstrate that calculations incorporating the hole produce values between 99.6 and 103.3 depending on the approximation used. Our result strongly supports the need to include the hole. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Russia. RP Nica, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM nica@comp.tamu.edu NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054305 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000015 ER PT J AU Osborne, JH Brady, FP Romero, JL Ullmann, JL Sorenson, DS Ling, A King, NSP Haight, RC Rapaport, J Finlay, RW Bauge, E Delaroche, JP Koning, AJ AF Osborne, JH Brady, FP Romero, JL Ullmann, JL Sorenson, DS Ling, A King, NSP Haight, RC Rapaport, J Finlay, RW Bauge, E Delaroche, JP Koning, AJ TI Measurement of neutron elastic scattering cross sections for C-12, Ca-40, and Pb-208 at energies from 65 to 225 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COULOMB CORRECTION; OPTICAL-MODEL; MEV PROTONS; NUCLEI; SYSTEM; SPECTROMETERS; SI-28 AB Differential neutron elastic scattering cross sections for C-12, Ca-40, and Pb-208 have been measured using the continuum neutron source at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The mean incident neutron kinetic energies ranged from 65 to 225 MeV. The large acceptance drift chamber based (n,p) recoil detector telescope spanned a center-of-mass angular range of 7degrees to 23degrees. The measured cross sections are compared with calculations obtained with different optical model potentials, including predictions based on microscopic theory and phenomenology. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. CEA, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Nucl Res & Consulting Grp, Petten, Netherlands. RP Osborne, JH (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. NR 58 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054613 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054613 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000048 ER PT J AU Parreno, A Bennhold, C Holstein, BR AF Parreno, A Bennhold, C Holstein, BR TI AN -> NN weak interaction in effective-field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; INDUCED LAMBDA-DECAY; BARYON OCTET; HYPERNUCLEI; EXCHANGE; C-12(LAMBDA); POTENTIALS; NUCLEI; MODELS AB The nonleptonic weak \DeltaS\ = 1 LambdaN interaction, responsible for the dominant nonmesonic decay of all but the lightest hypernuclei, is studied in the framework of an effective-field theory. The long-range physics is described through tree-level exchange of the SU(3) Goldstone bosons, while the short-range potential is parametrized in terms of the lowest-order contact terms. We obtain reasonable fits to available weak hypernuclear decay rates and quote the values for the parity-violating asymmetry as predicted by the present effective-field theory. C1 Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. George Washington Univ, Ctr Nucl Studies, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, LGRT, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 051601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.05.051601 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000004 ER PT J AU Pieper, SC Wiringa, RB Carlson, J AF Pieper, SC Wiringa, RB Carlson, J TI Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of excited states in A=6-8 nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB A variational Monte Carlo method is used to generate sets of orthogonal trial functions, Psi(T)(J(pi); T), for given quantum numbers in various light p-shell nuclei. These Psi(T) are then used as input to Green's function Monte Carlo (GFMC) calculations of first, second, and higher excited (J(pi); T) states. Realistic two- and three-nucleon interactions are used. We find that if the physical excited state is reasonably narrow, the GFMC energy converges to a stable result. With the combined Argonne v(18) two-nucleon and Illinois-2 three-nucleon interactions, the results for many second and higher states in A=6-8 nuclei are close to the experimental values. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM spieper@anl.gov; wiringa@anl.gov; carlson@lanl.gov RI Wiringa, Robert/M-4970-2015 NR 10 TC 176 Z9 178 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054325 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054325 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000035 ER PT J AU Scholes, DT Cullen, DM Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Carpenter, MP Hartley, DJ Djongolov, MK Sletten, G Hagemann, G Wheldon, C Walker, PM Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Balabanski, DL Chowdhury, P Danchev, M Dracoulis, GD El-Masri, HM Goon, J Heinz, A Kaye, RA Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Moore, EF Riedinger, LL Riley, MA Seweryniak, D Shestakova, I Wiedenhover, I Zeidan, O Zhang, JY AF Scholes, DT Cullen, DM Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Carpenter, MP Hartley, DJ Djongolov, MK Sletten, G Hagemann, G Wheldon, C Walker, PM Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Balabanski, DL Chowdhury, P Danchev, M Dracoulis, GD El-Masri, HM Goon, J Heinz, A Kaye, RA Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Moore, EF Riedinger, LL Riley, MA Seweryniak, D Shestakova, I Wiedenhover, I Zeidan, O Zhang, JY TI Highly deformed bands in Hf-175 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TRIAXIAL SUPERDEFORMATION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; HIGH-SPIN; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; WOBBLING MODE; NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS; LU-163; DEFORMATION; ISOMERS AB Two high-spin regularly spaced rotational bands with large dynamical moments of inertia have been identified in Hf-175 with the Gammasphere spectrometer. These new bands are very similar to the previously identified triaxial superdeformed bands in the hafnium nuclei. However, the new bands in Hf-175 have been linked into the known level scheme and thereby provide the first firm spin assignments for these structures in this region. In order to understand the new bands, theoretical calculations have been performed based on the ULTIMATE CRANKER code. The new bands in Hf-175 are deduced to be built upon highly deformed structures. No experimental evidence for triaxiality was established and this work suggests that the structure of the so-called "triaxial" superdeformed bands in the Hf nuclei may be quite different from those identified in the lighter mass Lu nuclei. Since the two highly deformed bands in Hf-175 are associated with different deformations, this work also identifies the role of the intruder orbits in polarizing the nuclear shape. C1 Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Dracoulis, George/A-8123-2008; Wheldon, Carl/F-9203-2013 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 37 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 054314 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.054314 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000024 ER PT J AU Urban, W Rzaca-Urban, T Durell, JL Smith, AG Ahmad, I AF Urban, W Rzaca-Urban, T Durell, JL Smith, AG Ahmad, I TI Near-yrast, medium-spin structure of the 107Tc nucleus SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-RICH; SPONTANEOUS FISSION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; ISOTOPES; IDENTIFICATION AB We have reinvestigated the structure of the Tc-107 nucleus reported in other works. Excited states in Tc-107, populated in spontaneous fission of Cm-248, were studied by means of prompt-gamma spectroscopy, using the EUROGAM2 multidetector array. Parity assignments to the 45.6 and 65.6 keV levels were changed, based on conversion coefficient measurements. A new band found on top of the 45.6 keV level corresponds to the pi5/2(-)[303] configuration. The positive-parity, yrast band in Tc-107 is built on top of the 65.6 keV level and corresponds to the pi5/2(+)[422] configuration. The configurations observed in Tc-107 agree well with the scheme of single-proton excitations calculated for this nucleus. C1 Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Urban, W (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Ulica Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 057308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.057308 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000076 ER PT J AU Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG AF Wang, P Leinweber, DB Thomas, AW Williams, AG TI Liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter including strangeness SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MESON COUPLING MODEL; MEAN-FIELD MODEL; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; HADRONIC MATTER; FINITE NUCLEI; QUARK MATTER; BAG MODEL; HOT NUCLEI; SYSTEMS; CHARGE AB We apply the chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to study the properties of strange hadronic matter at finite temperature. The liquid-gas phase transition is studied as a function of the strangeness fraction. The pressure of the system cannot remain constant during the phase transition, since there are two independent conserved charges (baryon and strangeness number). In a range of temperatures around 15 MeV (precise values depending on the model used) the equation of state exhibits multiple bifurcates. The difference in the strangeness fraction f(s) between the liquid and gas phases is small when they coexist. The critical temperature of strange matter turns out to be a nontrivial function of the strangeness fraction. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012; Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592 NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 055204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.055204 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 885MK UT WOS:000226161000060 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Acosta, D Adams, DL Adams, M Affolder, T Ahmed, SN Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Amaral, P Ambrose, D Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arnoud, Y Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Avila, C Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Bacon, TC Baden, A Badgett, W Baffioni, S Bailey, MW Bailey, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barberis, E Baringer, P Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bauer, G Bean, A Beaudette, F Bedeschi, F Behari, S Begel, M Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belyaev, A Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Berryhill, J Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bevensee, B Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bolton, TA Bonushkin, Y Borcherding, F Bortoletto, D Bos, K Bose, T Boudreau, J Brandl, A Brandt, A van den Brink, S Briskin, G Brock, R Bromberg, C Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brozovic, M Bruner, N Brubaker, E Buchholz, D Buckley-Geer, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Buehler, M Buescher, V Burkett, K Burtovoi, VS Busetto, G Butler, JM Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Canelli, F Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Carvalho, W Cassada, J Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chakraborty, D Chan, AW Chan, KM Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chekulaev, SV Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Claes, D Clark, AG Clark, AR Coca, M Connolly, A Connolly, B Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Crepe-Renaudin, S Cronin-Hennessy, D Cropp, R Culbertson, R Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dagenhart, D da Motta, H D'Auria, S Davis, GA De, K De Cecco, S DeJongh, F de Jong, SJ Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demarteau, M Demers, S Demina, R Demine, P Demortier, L Deninno, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Desai, S Devlin, T Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S Done, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Eddy, N Edmunds, D Einsweiler, K Ellison, J Elias, JE Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Engels, E Eno, S Erbacher, R Erdmann, W Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Errede, D Errede, S Estrada, J Eusebi, R Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fan, Q Farrington, S Feild, RG Ferbel, T Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Filthaut, F Fiori, I Fisk, HE Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Fortner, M Foster, GW Fox, H Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fu, S Fuess, S Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, E Gallinaro, M Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gavrilov, V Gay, C Geer, S Genser, K Gerber, CE Gerdes, DW Gershtein, Y Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Ginther, G Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, M Goncharov, PI Gordon, A Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Green, C Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gresele, A Grinstein, S Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, RM Haber, C Hadley, NJ Hafen, E Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Hall, RE Han, C Handa, T Handler, R Hansen, S Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauptman, JM Hauser, J Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinrich, J Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hildreth, MD Hill, C Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hocker, A Hoeneisen, B Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huang, J Huang, Y Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ikeda, H Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ito, AS Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V James, E Jensen, H Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Joshi, U Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kambara, H Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kehoe, R Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Khazins, D Kharchilava, A Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klima, B Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kohli, JM Kondo, K Kongeter, A Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kovacs, E Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsov, VE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lannon, K Lander, R Landsberg, G Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Le, Y Lee, J Lee, K Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonardo, N Leone, S Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, JD Li, J Li, K Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lin, CS Lincoln, D Lindgren, M Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lueking, L Lukens, P Lundstedt, C Luo, C Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mangano, M Manca, G Mao, HS Mariotti, M Marshall, T Martignon, G Martin, A Martin, M Martin, MI Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, SEK Mayer, J Mayorov, AA Mazzanti, P McCarthy, R McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Merkin, M Merritt, KW Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, C Miao, T Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, E Moore, R Moore, RW Morita, Y Moulik, T Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Mutaf, YD Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Napora, R Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, C Nelson, S Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nicolaidi, P Niell, F Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Oshima, N Padley, P Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Partos, D Partridge, R Parua, N Patrick, J Patwa, A Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Peters, O Petroff, P Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Piegaia, R Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, BG Pope, G Popovic, M Poukhov, O Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Proudfoot, J Przybycien, MB Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Qian, J Rademacker, J Rajagopalan, S Ragan, K Rakitine, A Rapidis, PA Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reay, NW Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Ridel, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rijssenbeek, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Rizatdinova, F Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rockwell, T Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Ruiz, A Ryan, D Sabirov, BM Safonov, A Sajot, G St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Santoro, A Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwartzman, A Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shabalina, E Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shivpuri, RK Shochet, M Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Signorelli, G Sill, A Simak, V Sinervo, P Singh, P Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Smith, RP Snider, FD Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solodsky, A Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanton, NR Stefanini, A Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strologas, J Strovink, M Strumia, F Stuart, D Stutte, L Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Sznajder, A Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Talby, M Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Taylor, W Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Tentindo-Repond, S Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trippe, TG Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turcot, AS Turini, N Tuts, PM Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vorobiev, AP Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wahl, HD Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Wang, SM Wang, ZM Warchol, J Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, G Watts, T Wayne, M Webb, R Weber, M Weerts, H Wenzel, H Wester, WC White, A Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wijngaarden, DA Williams, HH Wilson, P Willis, S Winer, BL Wimpenny, SJ Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Xu, Q Yamada, R Yang, UK Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yip, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, J Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanabria, M Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zucchelli, S Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Acosta, D Adams, DL Adams, M Affolder, T Ahmed, SN Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Amaral, P Ambrose, D Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arnoud, Y Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Avila, C Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Bacon, TC Baden, A Badgett, W Baffioni, S Bailey, MW Bailey, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barberis, E Baringer, P Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bauer, G Bean, A Beaudette, F Bedeschi, F Behari, S Begel, M Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belyaev, A Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Berryhill, J Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bevensee, B Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bolton, TA Bonushkin, Y Borcherding, F Bortoletto, D Bos, K Bose, T Boudreau, J Brandl, A Brandt, A van den Brink, S Briskin, G Brock, R Bromberg, C Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brozovic, M Bruner, N Brubaker, E Buchholz, D Buckley-Geer, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Buehler, M Buescher, V Burkett, K Burtovoi, VS Busetto, G Butler, JM Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Canelli, F Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Carvalho, W Cassada, J Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chakraborty, D Chan, AW Chan, KM Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chekulaev, SV Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Claes, D Clark, AG Clark, AR Coca, M Connolly, A Connolly, B Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Crepe-Renaudin, S Cronin-Hennessy, D Cropp, R Culbertson, R Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dagenhart, D da Motta, H D'Auria, S Davis, GA De, K De Cecco, S DeJongh, F de Jong, SJ Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demarteau, M Demers, S Demina, R Demine, P Demortier, L Deninno, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Desai, S Devlin, T Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S Done, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Eddy, N Edmunds, D Einsweiler, K Ellison, J Elias, JE Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Engels, E Eno, S Erbacher, R Erdmann, W Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Errede, D Errede, S Estrada, J Eusebi, R Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fan, Q Farrington, S Feild, RG Ferbel, T Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Filthaut, F Fiori, I Fisk, HE Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Fortner, M Foster, GW Fox, H Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fu, S Fuess, S Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, E Gallinaro, M Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gavrilov, V Gay, C Geer, S Genser, K Gerber, CE Gerdes, DW Gershtein, Y Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Ginther, G Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, M Goncharov, PI Gordon, A Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Green, C Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gresele, A Grinstein, S Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, RM Haber, C Hadley, NJ Hafen, E Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Hall, RE Han, C Handa, T Handler, R Hansen, S Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauptman, JM Hauser, J Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinrich, J Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hildreth, MD Hill, C Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hocker, A Hoeneisen, B Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huang, J Huang, Y Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ikeda, H Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ito, AS Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V James, E Jensen, H Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Joshi, U Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kambara, H Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kehoe, R Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Khazins, D Kharchilava, A Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klima, B Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kohli, JM Kondo, K Kongeter, A Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kovacs, E Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsov, VE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lannon, K Lander, R Landsberg, G Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Le, Y Lee, J Lee, K Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonardo, N Leone, S Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, JD Li, J Li, K Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lin, CS Lincoln, D Lindgren, M Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lueking, L Lukens, P Lundstedt, C Luo, C Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mangano, M Manca, G Mao, HS Mariotti, M Marshall, T Martignon, G Martin, A Martin, M Martin, MI Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, SEK Mayer, J Mayorov, AA Mazzanti, P McCarthy, R McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Merkin, M Merritt, KW Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, C Miao, T Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, E Moore, R Moore, RW Morita, Y Moulik, T Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Mutaf, YD Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Napora, R Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, C Nelson, S Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nicolaidi, P Niell, F Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Oshima, N Padley, P Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Partos, D Partridge, R Parua, N Patrick, J Patwa, A Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Peters, O Petroff, P Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Piegaia, R Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, BG Pope, G Popovic, M Poukhov, O Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Proudfoot, J Przybycien, MB Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Qian, J Rademacker, J Rajagopalan, S Ragan, K Rakitine, A Rapidis, PA Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reay, NW Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Ridel, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rijssenbeek, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Rizatdinova, F Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rockwell, T Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Ruiz, A Ryan, D Sabirov, BM Safonov, A Sajot, G St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Santoro, A Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwartzman, A Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shabalina, E Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shivpuri, RK Shochet, M Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Signorelli, G Sill, A Simak, V Sinervo, P Singh, P Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Smith, RP Snider, FD Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solodsky, A Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanton, NR Stefanini, A Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strologas, J Strovink, M Strumia, F Stuart, D Stutte, L Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Sznajder, A Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Talby, M Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Taylor, W Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Tentindo-Repond, S Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trippe, TG Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turcot, AS Turini, N Tuts, PM Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vorobiev, AP Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wahl, HD Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Wang, SM Wang, ZM Warchol, J Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, G Watts, T Wayne, M Webb, R Weber, M Weerts, H Wenzel, H Wester, WC White, A Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wijngaarden, DA Williams, HH Wilson, P Willis, S Winer, BL Wimpenny, SJ Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Xu, Q Yamada, R Yang, UK Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yip, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, J Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanabria, M Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zucchelli, S Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA CDF Collaborat D0 Collaborat Tevatron Electroweak Working Grp TI Combination of CDF and D0 results on the W boson mass and width SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QED RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; UNIVERSAL MONTE-CARLO; TOP-QUARK MASS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; COLLIDER; FERMILAB; DECAYS; PHOTOS; MODEL AB The results based on 1992-95 data (Run 1) from the CDF and D0 experiments on the measurements of the W boson mass and width are presented, along with the combined results. We report a Tevatron collider average M-W=80.456+/-0.059 GeV. We also report the Tevatron collider average of the directly measured W boson width Gamma(W)=2.115+/-0.105 GeV. We describe a new joint analysis of the direct W mass and width measurements. Assuming the validity of the standard model, we combine the directly measured W boson width with the width extracted from the ratio of W and Z boson leptonic partial cross sections. This combined result for the Tevatron is Gamma(W)=2.135+/-0.050 GeV. Finally, we use the measurements of the direct total W width and the leptonic branching ratio to extract the leptonic partial width Gamma(W-->enu)=224+/-13 MeV. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Acad Sci, Ctr Particle Phys, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. CEA, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Saclay, France. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Rome 1, Sez Roma, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF H, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF H, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RP Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Signorelli, Giovanni/L-5405-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012 OI Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Signorelli, Giovanni/0000-0001-8262-8245; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 092008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.092008 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600020 ER PT J AU Aharmim, B Ahmed, SN Beier, EW Bellerive, A Biller, SD Boger, J Boulay, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Bullard, TV Chan, YD Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Doe, PJ Dosanjh, RS Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Fleurot, F Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frati, W Fulsom, BG Gagnon, N Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Handler, WB Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hemingway, RJ Hime, A Howe, MA Jagam, P Jelley, NA Klein, JR Kormos, LL Kos, MS Kruger, A Krauss, CB Krumins, AV Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Labranche, H Lange, R Law, J Lawson, IT Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Luoma, S MacLellan, R Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McGee, S McGregor, G Mifflin, C Miknaitis, KKS Miller, GG Moffat, BA Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Nickel, BG Noble, AJ Norman, EB Oblath, NS Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Orrell, JL Oser, SM Ouellet, C Peeters, SJM Poon, AWP Rielage, K Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rollin, E Rosendahl, SSE Rusu, VL Schwendener, MH Simard, O Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, MWE Starinsky, N Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Tafirout, R Takeuchi, Y Tesic, G Thomson, M Tsui, T Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Wall, BL Waller, D Waltham, CE Tseung, HWC Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M Zuber, K AF Aharmim, B Ahmed, SN Beier, EW Bellerive, A Biller, SD Boger, J Boulay, MG Bowles, TJ Brice, SJ Bullard, TV Chan, YD Chen, M Chen, X Cleveland, BT Cox, GA Dai, X Dalnoki-Veress, F Doe, PJ Dosanjh, RS Doucas, G Dragowsky, MR Duba, CA Duncan, FA Dunford, M Dunmore, JA Earle, ED Elliott, SR Evans, HC Ewan, GT Farine, J Fergani, H Fleurot, F Formaggio, JA Fowler, MM Frame, K Frati, W Fulsom, BG Gagnon, N Graham, K Grant, DR Hahn, RL Hallin, AL Hallman, ED Hamer, AS Handler, WB Hargrove, CK Harvey, PJ Hazama, R Heeger, KM Heintzelman, WJ Heise, J Helmer, RL Hemingway, RJ Hime, A Howe, MA Jagam, P Jelley, NA Klein, JR Kormos, LL Kos, MS Kruger, A Krauss, CB Krumins, AV Kutter, T Kyba, CCM Labranche, H Lange, R Law, J Lawson, IT Lesko, KT Leslie, JR Levine, I Luoma, S MacLellan, R Majerus, S Mak, HB Maneira, J Marino, AD McCauley, N McDonald, AB McGee, S McGregor, G Mifflin, C Miknaitis, KKS Miller, GG Moffat, BA Nally, CW Neubauer, MS Nickel, BG Noble, AJ Norman, EB Oblath, NS Okada, CE Ollerhead, RW Orrell, JL Oser, SM Ouellet, C Peeters, SJM Poon, AWP Rielage, K Robertson, BC Robertson, RGH Rollin, E Rosendahl, SSE Rusu, VL Schwendener, MH Simard, O Simpson, JJ Sims, CJ Sinclair, D Skensved, P Smith, MWE Starinsky, N Stokstad, RG Stonehill, LC Tafirout, R Takeuchi, Y Tesic, G Thomson, M Tsui, T Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Virtue, CJ Wall, BL Waller, D Waltham, CE Tseung, HWC Wark, DL West, N Wilhelmy, JB Wilkerson, JF Wilson, JR Wittich, P Wouters, JM Yeh, M Zuber, K CA SNO Collaboration TI Electron antineutrino search at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FISSION-PRODUCTS; ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS; SPECTRA; OSCILLATION; PHYSICS; PU-239; FLUX AB Upper limits on the (nu) over bar (e) flux at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory have been set based on the (nu) over bar (e) charged-current reaction on deuterium. The reaction produces a positron and two neutrons in coincidence. This distinctive signature allows a search with very low background for (nu) over bar (e)'s from the Sun and other potential sources. Both differential and integral limits on the (nu) over bar (e) flux have been placed in the energy range from 4-14.8 MeV. For an energy-independent nu(e)-->(nu) over bar (e) conversion mechanism, the integral limit on the flux of solar (nu) over bar (e)'s in the energy range from 4-14.8 MeV is found to be Phi(nue)less than or equal to3.4x10(4) cm(-2) s(-1) (90% C.L.), which corresponds to 0.81% of the standard solar model B-8 nu(e) flux of 5.05x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), and is consistent with the more sensitive limit from KamLAND in the 8.3-14.8 MeV range of 3.7x10(2) cm(-2) s(-1) (90% C.L.). In the energy range from 4-8 MeV, a search for (nu) over bar (e)'s is conducted using coincidences in which only the two neutrons are detected. Assuming a (nu) over bar (e) spectrum for the neutron induced fission of naturally occurring elements, a flux limit of Phi((nu) over bare)less than or equal to2.0x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) (90% C.L.) is obtained. C1 Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa Carleton Inst Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. RI Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011; Kyba, Christopher/I-2014-2012; Dai, Xiongxin/I-3819-2013; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Orrell, John/E-9313-2015 OI Kyba, Christopher/0000-0001-7014-1843; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Orrell, John/0000-0001-7968-4051 NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 093014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.093014 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600035 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Childress, S Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Ford, R Glazov, A Golossanov, A Graham, J Hamm, J Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jejer, V Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kobrak, HGE Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shanahan, P Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED AF Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Childress, S Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Ford, R Glazov, A Golossanov, A Graham, J Hamm, J Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jejer, V Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kobrak, HGE Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shanahan, P Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED TI Measurements of K-L branching fractions and the CP violation parameter vertical bar eta(+-)vertical bar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PI0 ENERGY-SPECTRUM; = DELTA-Q; DECAY PARAMETERS; LEPTONIC DECAYS; SELECTION RULE; BUBBLE-CHAMBER; NEUTRAL KAONS; FORM-FACTORS; SEARCH; RATIO AB We present new measurements of the six largest branching fractions of the K-L using data collected in 1997 by the KTeV experiment (E832) at Fermilab. The results are B(K-L-->pi(+/-)e(-/+)nu)=0.4067+/-0.0011, B(K-L-->pi(+/-)mu(-/+)nu)=0.2701+/-0.0009, B(K-L-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0))=0.1252+/-0.0007, B(K-L-->pi(0)pi(0)pi(0))=0.1945+/-0.0018, B(K-L-->pi(+)pi(-))=(1.975+/-0.012)x10(-3), and B(K-L-->pi(0)pi(0))=(0.865+/-0.010)x10(-3), where statistical and systematic errors have been summed in quadrature. We also determine the CP violation parameter |eta(+-)| to be (2.228+/-0.010)x10(-3). Several of these results are not in good agreement with averages of previous measurements. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Osaka Univ, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. CNRS, CPP Marseille, F-75700 Paris, France. RP Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016 OI Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813 NR 39 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 092006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.092006 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600018 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Childress, S Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Ford, R Glazov, A Golossanov, A Graham, J Hamm, J Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jejer, V Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kobrak, HGE Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shanahan, P Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Tesarek, RJ Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED AF Alexopoulos, T Arenton, M Barbosa, RF Barker, AR Bellantoni, L Bellavance, A Blucher, E Bock, GJ Cheu, E Childress, S Coleman, R Corcoran, MD Cox, B Erwin, AR Ford, R Glazov, A Golossanov, A Graham, J Hamm, J Hanagaki, K Hsiung, YB Huang, H Jejer, V Jensen, DA Kessler, R Kobrak, HGE Kotera, K LaDue, J Ledovskoy, A McBride, PL Monnier, E Nelson, KS Nguyen, H Niclasen, R Prasad, V Qi, XR Ramberg, EJ Ray, RE Ronquest, M Santos, E Shanahan, P Shields, J Slater, W Smith, D Solomey, N Swallow, EC Tesarek, RJ Toale, PA Tschirhart, R Wah, YW Wang, J White, HB Whitmore, J Wilking, M Winstein, B Winston, R Worcester, ET Yamanaka, T Zimmerman, ED CA KTeV Collaboration TI Measurements of semileptonic K-L decay form factors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; MUON POLARIZATION; LEPTONIC DECAYS; BUBBLE-CHAMBER; NEUTRAL KAONS; TAU-DECAYS; NU AB We present new measurements of K-L semileptonic form factors using data collected in 1997 by the KTeV (E832) experiment at Fermilab. The measurements are based on 1.9x10(6) K-L-->pi(+/-)e(-/+)nu and 1.5x10(6) K-L-->pi(+/-)mu(-/+)nu decays. For f(+)(t), we measure both a linear and quadratic term: lambda(+)(')=(20.64+/-1.75)x10(-3) and lambda(+)('')=(3.20+/-0.69)x10(-3). For f(0)(t), we find lambda(0)=(13.72+/-1.31)x10(-3). These form factors are consistent with K+/- form factors, suggesting that isospin symmetry breaking effects are small. We use our measured values of the form factors to evaluate the decay phase space integrals, I-K(e)=0.15350+/-0.00105 and I-K(mu)=0.10165+/-0.00080, where errors include uncertainties arising from the form factor parametrizations. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Osaka Univ, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. CNRS, CPP Marseille, F-75700 Paris, France. RP Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016 OI Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813 NR 31 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 092007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.092007 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600019 ER PT J AU Apanasevich, L Bacigalupi, J Baker, W Begel, M Blusk, S Bromberg, C Chang, P Choudhary, B Chung, WH de Barbaro, L DeSoi, W Dlugosz, W Dunlea, J Engels, E Fanourakis, G Ferbel, T Ftacnik, J Garelick, D Ginther, G Glaubman, M Gutierrez, P Hartman, K Huston, J Johnstone, C Kapoor, V Kuehler, J Lirakis, C Lobkowicz, F Lukens, P Mansour, J Maul, A Miller, R Oh, BY Osborne, G Pellett, D Prebys, E Roser, R Shepard, P Shivpuri, R Skow, D Slattery, P Sorrell, L Striley, D Toothacker, W Tripathi, SM Varelas, N Weerasundara, D Whitmore, JJ Yasuda, T Yosef, C Zielinski, M Zutshi, V AF Apanasevich, L Bacigalupi, J Baker, W Begel, M Blusk, S Bromberg, C Chang, P Choudhary, B Chung, WH de Barbaro, L DeSoi, W Dlugosz, W Dunlea, J Engels, E Fanourakis, G Ferbel, T Ftacnik, J Garelick, D Ginther, G Glaubman, M Gutierrez, P Hartman, K Huston, J Johnstone, C Kapoor, V Kuehler, J Lirakis, C Lobkowicz, F Lukens, P Mansour, J Maul, A Miller, R Oh, BY Osborne, G Pellett, D Prebys, E Roser, R Shepard, P Shivpuri, R Skow, D Slattery, P Sorrell, L Striley, D Toothacker, W Tripathi, SM Varelas, N Weerasundara, D Whitmore, JJ Yasuda, T Yosef, C Zielinski, M Zutshi, V CA Fermilab E706 Collaborat TI Measurement of direct-photon production at the Fermilab Tevatron fixed target energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTA; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; LEADING-ORDER; 515 GEV/C; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; CROSS-SECTIONS; JET DATA; P-BEAMS AB Measurements of the production of high transverse momentum direct photons by a 515 GeV/c pi(-) beam and 530 and 800 GeV/c proton beams in interactions with beryllium and hydrogen targets are presented. The data span the kinematic ranges of 3.5 J/psi gamma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION AB We present the results of a search for the radiative decay B-0-->J/psigamma in a data set containing 123.0x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays, collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) storage ring at SLAC. We find no evidence for a signal and place an upper limit of B(B-0-->J/psigamma)<1.6x10(-6) at 90% confidence level. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 091104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.091104 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600004 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Measurement of the B-0 -> K-2(*)(1430)(0)gamma and B+-> K-2(*)(1430)(+)gamma branching fractions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RARE-B-DECAYS; DETECTOR; PHYSICS AB We have investigated the exclusive, radiative B meson decays to K-2(*)(1430) in 89x10(6) B (B) over bar events with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring. We measure the branching fractions B(B-0-->K-2(*)(1430)(0)gamma)=(1.22+/-0.25+/-0.10)x10(-5) and B(B+-->K-2(*)(1430)(+)gamma)=(1.45+/-0.40+/-0.15)x10(-5), where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. In addition, we measure the CP-violating asymmetry A(CP)[B-0-->K-2(*)(1430)(0)gamma]=-0.08+/-0.15+/-0.01. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756 NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 091105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.091105 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600005 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Search for D-0-(D)over-bar(0) mixing using semileptonic decay modes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS AB Based on an 87-fb(-1) data set collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory, a search for D-0-(D) over bar (0) mixing has been made using the semileptonic decay modes D*+-->pi(+)D(0), D-0-->K((*))enu (+c.c.). The use of these modes allows unambiguous flavor tagging and a combined fit of the D-0 decay time and D*+-D-0 mass difference (DeltaM) distributions. The high-statistics sample of unmixed semileptonic D-0 decays is used to model the DeltaM distribution and time dependence of mixed events directly from the data. Neural networks are used to select events and reconstruct the D-0. A result consistent with no charm mixing has been obtained, R-mix=0.0023+/-0.0012+/-0.0004. This corresponds to an upper limit of R-mix<0.0042 (90% C.L.). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015 OI Cavoto, Gianluca/0000-0003-2161-918X; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Cibinetto, Gianluigi/0000-0002-3491-6231; Galeazzi, Fulvio/0000-0002-6830-9982; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Lafferty, George/0000-0003-0658-4919; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866; Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975 NR 13 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 091102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.091102 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600002 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Shen, BC del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Biasini, M Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Pioppi, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Gamba, VD Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Shen, BC del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Biasini, M Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Pioppi, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Gamba, VD Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Measurements of the branching fractions of charged B decays to K-+/-pi(-/+)pi(+/-) final states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MESON DECAYS; FACTORIZATION; DETECTOR AB We present results of searches for B-meson decays to K(+)pi(-)pi(+) with the BABAR detector. With a data sample of 61.6x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs, we measure the branching fractions and 90% confidence-level upper limits averaged over charge-conjugate states (the first error is statistical and the second is systematic): B[B+-->K-*0(892)pi(+)]=(15.5+/-1.8(-4.0)(+1.5))x10(-6), B[B+-->f(0)(980)K+,f(0)-->pi(+)pi(-)]=(9.2+/-1.2(-2.6)(+2.1))x10(-6), B[B+-->(D) over bar (0)pi(+),(D) over bar (0)-->K(+)pi(-)]=(184.6+/-3.2+/-9.7)x10(-6), B[B+-->rho(0)(770)K+]<6.2x10(-6) and B[B+-->K(+)pi(-)pi(+)nonresonant]<17x10(-6). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Priaire View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012 OI Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 092001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.092001 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600013 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Measurements of neutral B decay branching fractions to K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) final states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHARMLESS AB Branching fraction measurements using B-meson decays to K(S)(0)pi(+)pi(-) are presented. These measurements were obtained by analyzing a data sample of 88.9x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory. Using a maximum likelihood fit, the following branching fraction results were obtained: B(B-0-->K(0)pi(+)pi(-))=(43.7+/-3.8+/-3.4)x10(-6), B(B-0-->K(*+)pi(-))=(12.9+/-2.4+/-1.4)x10(-6), and B(B-0-->D-(-->K(S)(0)pi(-))pi(+))=(42.7+/-2.1+/-2.2)x10(-6). The CP violating charge asymmetry A(K)(*)pi for the decay B-0-->K(*+)pi(-) was measured to be A(K)(*)pi=0.23+/-0.18(-0.06)(+0.09). For all these measurements the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016 OI Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175 NR 15 TC 181 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 091103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.091103 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600003 ER PT J AU Bauer, CW Ligeti, Z Luke, M Manohar, AV Trott, M AF Bauer, CW Ligeti, Z Luke, M Manohar, AV Trott, M TI Global analysis of inclusive B decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-QUARK DECAY; SEMILEPTONIC-B; LEPTON SPECTRUM; NONPERTURBATIVE CORRECTIONS; PHOTON SPECTRUM; MESON DECAYS; SUM-RULES; MOMENTS; MASS; QCD AB In light of the large amount of new experimental data, we revisit the determination of |V-cb| and m(b) from inclusive semileptonic and radiative B decays. We study shape variables to order Lambda(QCD)(3)/m(b)(3) and alpha(s)(2)beta(0), and include the order alpha(s)Lambda(QCD)/m(b) correction to the hadron mass spectrum in semileptonic decay, which improves the agreement with the data. We focus on the 1S and kinetic mass schemes for the b quark, with and without expanding m(b)-m(c) in heavy quark effective theory. We perform fits to all available data from BABAR, BELLE, CDF, CLEO, and DELPHI, discuss the theoretical uncertainties, and compare with earlier results. We find |V-cb|=(41.4+/-0.6+/-0.1(tauB))x10(-3) and m(b)(1S)=4.68+/-0.03 GeV, including our estimate of the theoretical uncertainty in the fit. C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 53 TC 412 Z9 412 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 094017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.094017 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600053 ER PT J AU Campbell, J Huston, J AF Campbell, J Huston, J TI Heavy flavor in W plus jets production at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV AB This note describes a theoretical study of Wb (b) over bar and Wjj final states at the Tevatron using the NLO program MCFM. We extensively study the effect of NLO corrections with respect to variations of input parameters such as the minimum jet p(T) and the choice of renormalization and factorization scales. In particular, we examine possible implications for the Method 2 QCD background subtraction technique for t (t) over bar production. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM John.Campbell@cern.ch; huston@pa.msu.edu NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 094021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.094021 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600057 ER PT J AU Campbell, J Ellis, RK Tramontano, F AF Campbell, J Ellis, RK Tramontano, F TI Single top-quark production and decay at next-to-leading order SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID W-GLUON FUSION; JET CROSS-SECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; HEAVY QUARKS; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; FERMILAB-TEVATRON; DIPOLE FORMALISM; Q(Q)OVER-BAR->T(B)OVER-BAR; ANNIHILATION AB We present the results of a next-to-leading order analysis of single top production including the decay of the top quark. Radiative effects are included both in the production and the decay stages, using a general subtraction method. This calculation gives a good treatment of the jet activity associated with single top production. We perform an analysis of the single top search at the Tevatron, including a consideration of the main backgrounds, many of which are also calculated at next-to-leading order. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. RP CERN, Div TH, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM John.Campbell@cern.ch; ellis@fnal.gov; Francesco.Tramontano@na.infn.it RI Tramontano, Francesco/L-9415-2015 OI Tramontano, Francesco/0000-0002-3629-7964 NR 49 TC 145 Z9 145 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 094012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.094012 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600048 ER PT J AU Carena, M Daleo, A Dobrescu, BA Tait, TMP AF Carena, M Daleo, A Dobrescu, BA Tait, TMP TI Z ' gauge bosons at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SEARCH; LIMITS; TECHNICOLOR; COLLISIONS; MODELS; QUARK AB We study the discovery potential of the Tevatron for a Z(') gauge boson. We introduce a parametrization of the Z(') signal which provides a convenient bridge between collider searches and specific Z(') models. The cross section for p (p) over bar -->Z(')X-->.(+).X- depends primarily on the Z(') mass and the Z(') decay branching fraction into leptons times the average square coupling to up and down quarks. If the quark and lepton masses are generated as in the standard model, then the Z(') bosons accessible at the Tevatron must couple to fermions proportionally to a linear combination of baryon and lepton numbers in order to avoid the limits on Z-Z(') mixing. More generally, we present several families of U(1) extensions of the standard model that include as special cases many of the Z(') models discussed in the literature. Typically, the CDF and D0 experiments are expected to probe Z(')-fermion couplings down to 0.1 for Z(') masses in the 500-800 GeV range, which in various models would substantially improve the limits set by the LEP experiments. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 44 TC 286 Z9 286 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 093009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.093009 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600030 ER PT J AU Cooper, F Mihaila, B Dawson, JF AF Cooper, F Mihaila, B Dawson, JF TI Renormalizing the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the auxiliary field formulation of lambda phi(4) field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NONEQUILIBRIUM QUANTUM-FIELDS; GROSS-NEVEU MODEL; SIGMA-MODEL; TIME EVOLUTION; LARGE-N; REGULARIZATION; THERMALIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM; DIMENSIONS; EXPANSION AB In this paper we study the renormalization of the Schwinger-Dyson equations that arise in the auxiliary field formulation of the O(N) phi(4) field theory. The auxiliary field formulation allows a simple interpretation of the large-N expansion as a loop expansion of the generating functional in the auxiliary field chi, once the effective action is obtained by integrating over the phi fields. Our all orders result is then used to obtain finite renormalized Schwinger-Dyson (SD) equations based on truncation expansions which utilize the two-particle irreducible (2-PI) generating function formalism. We first do an all orders renormalization of the two- and three-point function equations in the vacuum sector. This result is then used to obtain explicitly finite and renormalization constant independent self-consistent SD equations valid to order 1/N, in both 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. We compare the results for the real and imaginary parts of the renormalized Green's functions with the related sunset approximation to the 2-PI equations discussed by Van Hees and Knoll, and comment on the importance of the Landau pole effect. C1 Natl Sci Fdn, Div Phys, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Natl Sci Fdn, Div Phys, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. EM cooper@nsf.gov; bmihaila@lanl.gov; john.dawson@unh.edu RI Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814 NR 68 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 10 AR 105008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.105008 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875SB UT WOS:000225440900079 ER PT J AU Creutz, M AF Creutz, M TI Positivity and topology in lattice gauge theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXACTLY MASSLESS QUARKS; TRANSFER-MATRIX; CHIRAL FERMIONS; CONSTRUCTION; OVERLAP; FIELDS AB The admissibility condition usually used to define the topological charge in lattice gauge theory is incompatible with a positive transfer matrix. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 091501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.091501 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600007 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Marciano, WJ Sirlin, A AF Czarnecki, A Marciano, WJ Sirlin, A TI Precision measurements and CKM unitarity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON BETA-DECAY; CONSERVED-VECTOR-CURRENT; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; MUON LIFETIME; SPIN CONTENT; V-UD; FERMI; UNIVERSALITY; ASYMMETRY AB Determinations of |V-ud| and |V-us| along with their implications for the unitarity test |V-ud|(2)+|V-us|(2)+|V-ub|(2)=1 are discussed. The leading two-loop radiative corrections to neutron beta decay are evaluated and used to derive a refined relationship |V-ud|(2)tau(n)(1+3g(A)(2))=4908(4) s. Employing |V-ud|=0.9740(5) from superallowed nuclear decays and the measured neutron lifetime tau(n)=885.7(7) s leads to the precise prediction g(A)=1.2703(8) which is compared with current direct experimental values. Various extractions of |V-us| are described and updated. The long accepted Particle Data Group value of |V-us| from fitted K-e3 decay rates suggests a deviation from CKM unitarity but it is contradicted by more recent experimental results which confirm unitarity with good precision. An outlook for possible future advances is given. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RP Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. NR 73 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 093006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.093006 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600027 ER PT J AU Farzan, Y Peskin, ME AF Farzan, Y Peskin, ME TI Contribution from neutrino Yukawa couplings to lepton electric dipole moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP VIOLATION; LEPTOGENESIS; CONSTRAINTS; MUON; SUPERSYMMETRY; PHASES; MODEL; NUMBER AB To explain the observed neutrino masses through the seesaw mechanism, a supersymmetric generalization of the standard model should include heavy right-handed neutrino supermultiplets. Then the neutrino Yukawa couplings can induce CP violation in the lepton sector. In this paper, we compute the contribution of these CP violating terms to lepton electric dipole moments. We introduce a new formalism that makes use of supersymmetry to expose the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani cancellations. In the region of small tanbeta, we find a different result from that given previously by Ellis, Hisano, Raidal, and Shimizu. We confirm the structure found by this group, but with a much smaller overall coefficient. In the region of large tanbeta, we recompute the leading term that has been identified by Masina and confirm her result up to minor factors. We discuss the implications of these results for constraints on the Y-nu. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. SISSA, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 62 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 095001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.095001 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600090 ER PT J AU Grassi, PA Hurth, T Quadri, A AF Grassi, PA Hurth, T Quadri, A TI Landau background gauge fixing and the IR properties of Yang-Mills Green functions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LOCAL BRST COHOMOLOGY; EXACT RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; FIELD METHOD; ALGEBRAIC RENORMALIZATION; QUANTUM CORRECTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; WARD IDENTITIES; STANDARD MODEL; FLOW EQUATIONS; AVERAGE ACTION AB We analyze the complete algebraic structure of the background field method for Yang-Mills theory in the Landau gauge and show several structural simplifications within this approach. In particular, we present a new way to study the IR behavior of Green functions in the Landau gauge and show that there exists a unique Green function whose IR behavior controls the IR properties of the gluon and the ghost propagators. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci, I-15100 Alessandria, Italy. Inst Hautes Etud Sci, F-91440 Bures Sur Yvette, France. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RP Grassi, PA (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM pgrassi@insti.physics.sunysb.edu; tobias.hurth@cern.ch; quadri@mppmu.mpg.de NR 66 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 10 AR 105014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.105014 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875SB UT WOS:000225440900085 ER PT J AU Jeon, SY Venugopalan, R AF Jeon, SY Venugopalan, R TI Random walks of partons in SU(N-c) and classical representations of color charges in QCD at small x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; HARD THERMAL LOOPS; LARGE NUCLEUS; GLASS CONDENSATE; TRANSPORT-THEORY; COHERENT STATES; QUARK; COLLISIONS; OPERATORS AB The effective action for wee partons in large nuclei includes a sum over static color sources distributed in a wide range of representations of the SU(N-c) color group. The problem can be formulated as a random walk of partons in the N-c-1 dimensional space of the Casimir operators of SU(N-c). For a large number of sources, kmuch greater than1, we show explicitly that the most likely representation is a classical representation of order O(rootk). The quantum sum over representations is well approximated by a path integral over classical sources with an exponential weight whose argument is the quadratic Casimir operator of the group. The contributions of the higher N-c-2 Casimir operators are suppressed by powers of k. Other applications of the techniques developed here are discussed briefly. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Jeon, SY (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. NR 55 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 10 AR 105012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.105012 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875SB UT WOS:000225440900083 ER PT J AU Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK AF Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK TI Finite temperature transition for 2-flavor lattice QCD at finite isospin density SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL CRITICAL-POINT; PHASE-DIAGRAM AB We simulate 2-flavor lattice QCD at finite isospin chemical potential mu(I), for temperatures close to the finite temperature transition from hadronic matter to a quark-gluon plasma. The mu(I) dependence of the transition coupling is observed and used to estimate the decrease in the transition temperature with increasing mu(I). These simulations are performed on an 8(3)x4 lattice at three different quark masses. Our estimate of the magnitude of the fluctuations of the phase of the fermion determinant at small quark-number chemical potential mu, suggest that the position of the small mu and small mu(I) transitions should be the same for mu(I)=2mu, and we argue that the nature of these transitions should be the same. For all mu(I)m(pi)/2 over the considered range of quark masses. For mu(I)>m(pi) and a small isospin (I-3) breaking term lambda, we do find evidence of a critical endpoint which would indicate that, for lambda=0, there is a tricritical point on the phase boundary where the pion condensate evaporates, where this phase transition changes from second to first-order. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 31 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 094501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.094501 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600084 ER PT J AU Longacre, RS Lindenbaum, SJ AF Longacre, RS Lindenbaum, SJ TI Evidence for a fourth state related to the three J(PC)=2(++),pi(-)p ->phi phi n states explainable by 2(++) glueball production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY; ENHANCED CHANNEL; OZI RULE; SU(3); SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM; PHI AB Four separate experiments [A. Etkin , Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 784 (1978).][A. Etkin , Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1620 (1982).][A. Etkin , Phys. Lett. B 165, 217 (1985).][A. Etkin , Phys. Lett. B 201, 568 (1988).] observing the OZI forbidden disconnected reaction pi(-)p-->phiphin with increasing statistics were consistent. These experiments, very selectively, completely broke down the OZI suppression by three phiphi resonances with I(G)J(PC)=0(+)2(++) in the observed mass region 2.038 GeV to 2.600 GeV. The only viable proposed explanation has been that the I(G)J(PC)=0(+)2(++) glueball expected in this mass region caused the hard glue in the disconnection to resonate and very selectively break down the OZI suppression for its quantum numbers only. Recently a pp central production spin analysis found that the f(2)(1950) had a dominant decay mode f(2)(1270)pipi [D. Barberis , Phys. Lett. B 471, 440 (2000).]). We consider if it is related to the phiphi resonances, and find that it likely is. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 094041 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.094041 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600077 ER PT J AU Mena, O Parke, S AF Mena, O Parke, S TI Untangling CP violation and the mass hierarchy in long baseline experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS; SUPERBEAM EXPERIMENTS; MATTER AB In the overlap region, for the normal and inverted hierarchies, of the neutrino-antineutrino bi-probability space for nu(mu)-->nu(e) appearance, we derive a simple identity between the solutions in the (sin(2)2theta(13), sindelta) plane for the different hierarchies. The parameter sin(2)2theta(13) sets the scale of the nu(mu)-->nu(e) appearance probabilities at the atmospheric deltam(atm)(2)approximate to2.4x10(-3) eV(2) whereas sindelta controls the amount of CP violation in the lepton sector. The identity between the solutions is that the difference in the values of sindelta for the two hierarchies equals twice the value of rootsin(2)2theta(13) divided by the critical value of rootsin(2)2theta(13). We apply this identity to the two proposed long baseline experiments, T2K and NOvA, and we show how it can be used to provide a simple understanding of when and why fake solutions are excluded when two or more experiments are combined. This identity demonstrates the true complementarity of T2K and NOvA. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM omena@fnal.gov; parke@fnal.gov NR 36 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 AR 093011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.093011 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 875RY UT WOS:000225440600032 ER PT J AU Prelovsek, S Dawson, C Izubuchi, T Orginos, K Soni, A AF Prelovsek, S Dawson, C Izubuchi, T Orginos, K Soni, A TI Scalar meson in dynamical and partially quenched two-flavor QCD: Lattice results and chiral loops SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DOMAIN-WALL FERMIONS; QUARKS; MASSES AB This is an exploratory study of the lightest nonsinglet scalar q (q) over bar state on the lattice with two dynamical quarks. Domain wall fermions are used for both sea and valence quarks on a 16(3)x32 lattice with an inverse lattice spacing of 1.7 GeV. We extract the scalar meson mass 1.58+/-0.34 GeV from the exponential time dependence of the dynamical correlators with m(val)=m(sea) and N-f=2. Since this statistical error bar from dynamical correlators is rather large, we analyze also the partially quenched lattice correlators with m(val)not equalm(sea). They are positive for m(val)greater than or equal tom(sea) and negative for m(val) 0.8, transport anisotropy vanishes. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Phys Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Liu, FZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Phys Sci, Grad Sch, POB 3908, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. EM liufz@gscas.ac.cn NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 331 IS 6 BP 432 EP 436 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.09.036 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 865TR UT WOS:000224726400014 ER PT J AU Aalseth, CE Anderson, D Arthur, R Avignone, FT Baktash, C Ball, T Barabash, AS Brodzinski, RL Brudanin, VB Bugg, W Champagne, AE Chan, YD Cianciolo, TV Collar, JI Creswick, RW Doe, PJ Dunham, G Easterday, S Efremenko, YV Egorov, VG Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Ely, J Fallon, P Farach, HA Gaitskell, RJ Gehman, V Grzywacz, R Hazma, R Hime, H Hossbach, T Jordan, D Kazkaz, K Kephart, J King, GS Kochetov, OI Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT Lesko, KT Macchiavelli, AO Miley, HS Mills, GB Nomachi, M Palms, JM Pitts, WK Poon, AWP Radford, DC Reeves, JH Robertson, RGH Rohm, RM Rykaczewski, K Saborov, K Sandukovsky, VG Shawley, C Stekhanov, VN Tornow, W van de Water, RG Vetter, K Warner, RA Webb, J Wilkerson, JF Wouters, JM Young, AR Yumatov, VI AF Aalseth, CE Anderson, D Arthur, R Avignone, FT Baktash, C Ball, T Barabash, AS Brodzinski, RL Brudanin, VB Bugg, W Champagne, AE Chan, YD Cianciolo, TV Collar, JI Creswick, RW Doe, PJ Dunham, G Easterday, S Efremenko, YV Egorov, VG Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Ely, J Fallon, P Farach, HA Gaitskell, RJ Gehman, V Grzywacz, R Hazma, R Hime, H Hossbach, T Jordan, D Kazkaz, K Kephart, J King, GS Kochetov, OI Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT Lesko, KT Macchiavelli, AO Miley, HS Mills, GB Nomachi, M Palms, JM Pitts, WK Poon, AWP Radford, DC Reeves, JH Robertson, RGH Rohm, RM Rykaczewski, K Saborov, K Sandukovsky, VG Shawley, C Stekhanov, VN Tornow, W van de Water, RG Vetter, K Warner, RA Webb, J Wilkerson, JF Wouters, JM Young, AR Yumatov, VI CA Majorana Collaboration TI The Majorana neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nonaccelerator New Physics CY JUN 23-28, 2003 CL Dubna, RUSSIA ID RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; PROTON-NEUTRON; GE-76; MASS AB The proposed Majorana double-beta decay experiment is based on an array of segmented intrinsic Ge detectors with a total mass of 500 kg of Ge isotopically enriched to 86% in Ge-76. A discussion is given of background reduction by material selection, detector segmentation, pulse shape analysis, and electroformation of copper parts and granularity. Predictions of the experimental sensitivity are given. For an experimental running time of 10 years over the construction and operation of the Majorana setup, a sensitivity of T-1/2(0v) similar to 4 x 10(27) yr is predicted. This corresponds to similar to 0.003-0.004 eV according to recent QRPA and RQRPA matrix element calculations. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div P, Los Alamos, NM USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Cosmol, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. New Mexico State Univ, Carlsbad, CA USA. RP Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM avignone@sc.edu RI radford, David/A-3928-2015; Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016; OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217 NR 34 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD NOV PY 2004 VL 67 IS 11 BP 2002 EP 2010 DI 10.1134/1.1825519 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874LO UT WOS:000225352100012 ER PT J AU Zhukov, VA Aloupis, A Anassontzis, EG Arvanitis, N Babalis, A Ball, A Bezrukov, LB Bourlis, G Butkevich, AV Chinowsky, W Christopoulos, PE Darsaklis, A Dedenko, LG Elstrup, D Fahrun, E Gialas, J Goudis, C Grammatikakis, G Green, C Grieder, PKF Karaevsky, SK Katrivanos, P Keussen, U Kiskiras, J Knutz, T Korostylev, D Komlev, K Kontakxis, J Koske, P Learned, JG Ledenev, VV Leisos, A Limberopoulos, G Ludvig, J Makris, J Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Markopoulos, E Matsuno, S Mielke, J Mihos, T Minkowski, P Mironovich, AA Mitiguy, R Nounos, S Nygren, DR Papageorgiou, K Passera, M Politis, C Preve, P Prybylsky, GT Rathley, J Resvanis, LK Rosen, M Schmidt, N Schmidt, T Siotis, I Shnyrev, AE Sopher, J Staveris, T Stavrakakis, G Stokstad, R Surin, NM Tsagli, V Tsirigotis, A Tsirmpas, J Tzamarias, S Vasiliev, O Vaskin, O Voigt, W Vougioukas, A Voulgaris, G Zakharov, LM Ziabko, N AF Zhukov, VA Aloupis, A Anassontzis, EG Arvanitis, N Babalis, A Ball, A Bezrukov, LB Bourlis, G Butkevich, AV Chinowsky, W Christopoulos, PE Darsaklis, A Dedenko, LG Elstrup, D Fahrun, E Gialas, J Goudis, C Grammatikakis, G Green, C Grieder, PKF Karaevsky, SK Katrivanos, P Keussen, U Kiskiras, J Knutz, T Korostylev, D Komlev, K Kontakxis, J Koske, P Learned, JG Ledenev, VV Leisos, A Limberopoulos, G Ludvig, J Makris, J Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Markopoulos, E Matsuno, S Mielke, J Mihos, T Minkowski, P Mironovich, AA Mitiguy, R Nounos, S Nygren, DR Papageorgiou, K Passera, M Politis, C Preve, P Prybylsky, GT Rathley, J Resvanis, LK Rosen, M Schmidt, N Schmidt, T Siotis, I Shnyrev, AE Sopher, J Staveris, T Stavrakakis, G Stokstad, R Surin, NM Tsagli, V Tsirigotis, A Tsirmpas, J Tzamarias, S Vasiliev, O Vaskin, O Voigt, W Vougioukas, A Voulgaris, G Zakharov, LM Ziabko, N CA NESTOR Collaboration TI NESTOR experiment in 2003 SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nonaccelerator New Physics CY JUN 23-28, 2003 CL Dubna, RUSSIA AB NESTOR is a submarine high-energy muon and neutrino telescope, now under construction for deployment in the Mediterranean close to Greek shores. The first floor of NESTOR with 12 optical modules was deployed successfully in March 2003 together with the electronics system. All systems and the associated environmental monitoring units are operating properly and data are being recorded. The status of the NESTOR project is presented. We outline briefly the construction of the deepwater neutrino telescope, properties of the NESTOR site, infrastructure of the project, the deployment of the first floor, and its current operation. The first data are presented and plans for the next steps are summarized. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. NESTOR Inst Deep Sea Res Technol & Neutrino Astro, Pylos, Greece. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Hellen Open Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Athens, Greece. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Patras, Dept Phys & Astron, GR-26110 Patras, Greece. Univ Kiel, Ctr Appl Marine Sci Res & Technol Westcoast, FTZ, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. NCSR Demokritos, Inst Informat & Telecommun, Xanthi, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Geophys, Hamburg, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, Expt Design Bur Oceanol Engn, Moscow, Russia. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Athens Observ, Inst Geodynam, Athens, Greece. RP Zhukov, VA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Pr Shestidesyatiletiya Oktyabrya 7A, Moscow 117312, Russia. EM vlzhukov@mail.ru RI Bezrukov, Leonid/M-5654-2013; Mironovich, Anna/K-2303-2015; Grammatikakis, George/F-5620-2017 OI Mironovich, Anna/0000-0002-0808-4355; NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD NOV PY 2004 VL 67 IS 11 BP 2054 EP 2057 DI 10.1134/1.1825528 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874LO UT WOS:000225352100021 ER PT J AU Engelke, R Sheffield, SA Stacy, HL AF Engelke, R Sheffield, SA Stacy, HL TI Chemical-reaction-zone lengths in condensed-phase explosives SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article AB Numerous workers have suggested that the "A" parameter in the relation D(R)=D(infinity)[1-A/R] is a measure of the steady-state one-dimensional chemical-reaction-zone length of a detonating explosive. This equation relates the steady-state detonation speed in an explosive material to the lateral dimension of the (usually cylindrical) charge [e.g., the cylinder's radius (R)]. D(infinity) is the detonation speed at infinite lateral charge size. The argument for A being the chemical-reaction-zone length is purely a dimensional one. We show that this supposed relation between A and an explosive's steady one-dimensional chemical-reaction-zone length is untrue-because the A value is different for the same explosive fired in two types of confinement. However, we give experimental evidence that the ratio of the A values for closely related pairs of explosives, fired in the same confinement material, is a measure of the two explosive's relative chemical-reaction-zone length. This is done by firing two closely related nitromethane-based explosives in two different types of confinement. We apply this positive result to examining the relative chemical-reaction-zone lengths of other closely related explosive pairs. In all cases, the A ratios agreed with intuition based on experimental results. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Engelke, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS P952, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD NOV PY 2004 VL 16 IS 11 BP 4143 EP 4149 DI 10.1063/1.1804552 PG 7 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 861ZH UT WOS:000224456800032 ER PT J AU Smirnov, A Raitses, Y Fisch, NJ AF Smirnov, A Raitses, Y Fisch, NJ TI Electron cross-field transport in a low power cylindrical Hall thruster SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY PLASMA THRUSTERS; GLOW-DISCHARGE; SECTIONS; EMISSION; XENON; SCATTERING; IONIZATION; IMPACT; REGION; WALL AB Conventional annular Hall thrusters become inefficient when scaled to low power. Cylindrical Hall thrusters, which have lower surface-to-volume ratio, are therefore more promising for scaling down. They presently exhibit performance comparable with conventional annular Hall thrusters. Electron cross-field transport in a 2.6 cm miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster (100 W power level) has been studied through the analysis of experimental data and Monte Carlo simulations of electron dynamics in the thruster channel. The numerical model takes into account elastic and inelastic electron collisions with atoms, electron-wall collisions, including secondary electron emission, and Bohm diffusion. It is shown that in order to explain the observed discharge current, the electron anomalous collision frequency nu(B) has to be on the order of the Bohm value, nu(B)approximate toomega(c)/16. The contribution of electron-wall collisions to cross-field transport is found to be insignificant. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Smirnov, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM asmirnov@pppl.gov NR 53 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 4922 EP 4933 DI 10.1063/1.1791639 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100005 ER PT J AU Edens, AD Ditmire, T Hansen, JF Edwards, MJ Adams, RG Rambo, P Ruggles, L Smith, IC Porter, JL AF Edens, AD Ditmire, T Hansen, JF Edwards, MJ Adams, RG Rambo, P Ruggles, L Smith, IC Porter, JL TI Study of high Mach number laser driven blast waves SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; SHOCK-WAVES; INSTABILITIES; GAS AB The study of blast waves produced by intense lasers in gases is motivated by the desire to explore astrophysically relevant hydrodynamic phenomena in the laboratory. A systematic scan of laser produced blast waves was performed and the structure of blast waves was examined over a wide range of drive laser energy. Lasers with energies ranging from 10-1000 J illuminated a pin target in either xenon or nitrogen gas, creating a spherical blast wave. A strongly radiating blast wave in xenon gas is observed while blast waves in nitrogen more closely approximate a pure Taylor-Sedov wave. It is also found that at all laser energies, blast waves traveling through xenon gas had their hydrodynamic evolution significantly affected by the passage of illumination laser. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87059 USA. RP Edens, AD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM aedens@mail.utexas.edu NR 23 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 4968 EP 4972 DI 10.1063/1.1773553 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100010 ER PT J AU Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ Rax, JM AF Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ Rax, JM TI Ponderomotive barrier as a Maxwell demon SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; MAGNETOSTATIC FIELD; MAGNETIC-MIRROR; ALFVEN WAVES; PLASMA; ACCELERATION; CYCLOTRON; FORCE; ENERGY; STABILIZATION AB The possibility of efficient ponderomotive current drive in a magnetized plasma was reported recently in [N. J. Fisch, J. M. Rax, and I. Y. Dodin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 205004 (2003)]. Precise limitations on the efficiency are now given through a comprehensive analytical and numerical study of single-particle dynamics under the action of a cyclotron-resonant rf drive in various field configurations. Expressions for the particle energy gain and acceleration along the dc magnetic field are obtained. The fundamental correlation between the two effects is described. A second fundamental quantity, namely, the ratio of the potential barrier to the energy gain, can be changed by altering the field configuration. The asymmetric ponderomotive current drive effect can be optimized, by minimizing the transverse heating. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Ecole Polytech, LPTP, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Dodin, IY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5046 EP 5064 DI 10.1063/1.1787771 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100020 ER PT J AU Boswell, RW Sutherland, O Charles, C Squire, JP Diaz, FRC Glover, TW Jacobson, VT Chavers, DG Bengtson, RD Bering, EA Goulding, RH Light, M AF Boswell, RW Sutherland, O Charles, C Squire, JP Diaz, FRC Glover, TW Jacobson, VT Chavers, DG Bengtson, RD Bering, EA Goulding, RH Light, M TI Experimental evidence of parametric decay processes in the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket (VASIMR) helicon plasma source SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LOWER HYBRID FREQUENCY; WHISTLER WAVES AB Decay waves have been observed in the megahertz range in the helium plasma generated by the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket magnetoplasma thruster. They are measured using one of the tips of a triple probe connected to a 50 Omega input of a spectrum analyzer via a dc block (a small capacitor). The maximum amplitude of all waves is in the center of the plasma and does not appear correlated to the radial electron density or temperature profiles. The waves seem to be generated close to the helicon antenna that was 91 cm "upstream" from the measuring Langmuir probe. A possible explanation is parametric decay of the large amplitude helicon wave that also generates the plasma. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Space Plasma & Plasma Proc Grp, PRL RSPhysSE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Adv Space Propuls Lab, Houston, TX 77058 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Boswell, RW (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Space Plasma & Plasma Proc Grp, PRL RSPhysSE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RI Charles, Christine/C-2826-2009 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5125 EP 5129 DI 10.1063/1.1803579 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100028 ER PT J AU Miles, AR AF Miles, AR TI Bubble merger model for the nonlinear Rayleigh-Taylor instability driven by a strong blast wave SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SUPERNOVA HYDRODYNAMICS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS; NOVA LASER; ACCELERATION; SCALE; DEPENDENCE; EVOLUTION; SN-1987A; 1987A AB A bubble merger model is presented for the nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability driven by a strong blast wave. Single bubble motion is determined by an extension of previous buoyancy-drag models extended to the blast-wave-driven case, and a simple bubble merger law in the spirit of the Sharp-Wheeler model allows for the generation of larger scales. The blast-wave-driven case differs in several respects from the classical case of incompressible fluids in a uniform gravitational field. Because of material decompression in the rarefaction behind the blast front, the asymptotic bubble velocity and the merger time depend on time as well as the transverse scale and the drive. For planar blast waves, this precludes the emergence of a self-similar regime independent of the initial conditions. With higher-dimensional blast waves, divergence restores the properties necessary for the establishment of the self-similar state, but its establishment requires a very high initial characteristic mode number and a high Mach number for the incident blast wave. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20741 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM miles15@llnl.gov NR 59 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5140 EP 5155 DI 10.1063/1.1790498 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100030 ER PT J AU Nash, TJ Cuneo, ME Spielman, RB Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ Seaman, JF McGurn, J Lazier, S Torres, J Jobe, D Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Hawn, R Bailey, JE Lake, P Carlson, AL Seamen, H Moore, T Smelser, R Pyle, J Wagoner, TC LePell, PD Deeney, C Douglas, MR McDaniel, D Struve, K Mazarakis, M Stygar, WA AF Nash, TJ Cuneo, ME Spielman, RB Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ Seaman, JF McGurn, J Lazier, S Torres, J Jobe, D Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Hawn, R Bailey, JE Lake, P Carlson, AL Seamen, H Moore, T Smelser, R Pyle, J Wagoner, TC LePell, PD Deeney, C Douglas, MR McDaniel, D Struve, K Mazarakis, M Stygar, WA TI Current scaling of radiated power for 40-mm diameter single wire arrays on Z SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PINCH-DRIVEN HOHLRAUMS; X-RAY POWER; IMPLOSION DYNAMICS; INERTIAL FUSION; DISCRETE WIRES; ENHANCEMENT; NUMBER AB In order to estimate the radiated power that can be expected from the next-generation Z-pinch driver such as ZR at 28 MA, current-scaling experiments have been conducted on the 20 MA driver Z. We report on the current scaling of single 40 mm diameter tungsten 240 wire arrays with a fixed 110 ns implosion time. The wire diameter is decreased in proportion to the load current. Reducing the charge voltage on the Marx banks reduces the load current. On one shot, firing only three of the four levels of the Z machine further reduced the load current. The radiated energy scaled as the current squared as expected but the radiated power scaled as the current to the 3.52+/-0.42 power due to increased x-ray pulse width at lower current. As the current is reduced, the rise time of the x-ray pulse increases and at the lowest current value of 10.4 MA, a shoulder appears on the leading edge of the x-ray pulse. In order to determine the nature of the plasma producing the leading edge of the x-ray pulse at low currents further shots were taken with an on-axis aperture to view on-axis precursor plasma. This aperture appeared to perturb the pinch in a favorable manner such that with the aperture in place there was no leading edge to the x-ray pulses at lower currents and the radiated power scaled as the current squared +/-0.75. For a full-current shot we will present x-ray images that show precursor plasma emitting on-axis 77 ns before the main x-ray burst. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nash, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5156 EP 5161 DI 10.1063/1.1804182 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100031 ER PT J AU Hur, MS Penn, G Wurtele, JS Lindberg, R AF Hur, MS Penn, G Wurtele, JS Lindberg, R TI Slowly varying envelope kinetic simulations of pulse amplification by Raman backscattering SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-WAVES; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; LASER-BEAMS; OSCILLATIONS; COMPRESSION; ACCELERATOR; IGNITION; FUSION; GAIN AB A numerical code based on an eikonal formalism has been developed to simulate laser-plasma interactions, specifically Raman backscatter (RBS). In this code, the dominant laser modes are described by their wave envelopes, avoiding the need to resolve the laser frequency; appropriately time-averaged equations describe particle motion. The code is fully kinetic, and thus includes critical physics such as particle trapping and Landau damping which are beyond the scope of the commonly used fluid three-wave equations. The dominant forces on the particles are included: the ponderomotive force resulting from the beat wave of the forward and backscattered laser fields and the self-consistent plasma electric field. The code agrees well, in the appropriate regimes, with the results from three-wave equations and particle-in-cell simulations. The effects of plasma temperature on RBS amplification are studied. It is found that increasing the plasma temperature results in modification to particle trapping and the saturation of RBS, even before the onset of Landau damping of the plasma wave. This results in a reduction in the coupling efficiency compared to predictions based on the three-wave equations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hur, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016; OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297; Lindberg, Ryan/0000-0003-4489-6024 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5204 EP 5211 DI 10.1063/1.1796351 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100037 ER PT J AU Miles, AR Edwards, MJ Greenough, JA AF Miles, AR Edwards, MJ Greenough, JA TI Effect of initial conditions on two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability and transition to turbulence in planar blast-wave-driven systems SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; NOVA LASER; SUPERNOVA HYDRODYNAMICS; COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS; MIXING TRANSITION; SCALE; SN-1987A; GROWTH; FUSION; MODEL AB Perturbations on an interface driven by a strong blast wave grow in time due to a combination of Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov, and decompression effects. In this paper, the results from a computational study of such a system under drive conditions to be attainable on the National Ignition Facility [E. M. Campbell, Laser Part. Beams 9, 209 (1991)] are presented. Using the multiphysics, adaptive mesh refinement, higher order Godunov Eulerian hydrocode, Raptor [L. H. Howell and J. A. Greenough, J. Comput. Phys. 184, 53 (2003)], the late nonlinear instability evolution for multiple amplitude and phase realizations of a variety of multimode spectral types is considered. Compressibility effects preclude the emergence of a regime of self-similar instability growth independent of the initial conditions by allowing for memory of the initial conditions to be retained in the mix-width at all times. The loss of transverse spectral information is demonstrated, however, along with the existence of a quasi-self-similar regime over short time intervals. Certain aspects of the initial conditions, including the rms amplitude, are shown to have a strong effect on the time to transition to the quasi-self-similar regime. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20741 USA. RP Miles, AR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-021,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM miles15@llnl.gov NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5278 EP 5296 DI 10.1063/1.1804181 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100044 ER PT J AU Ishida, A Harahap, CO Steinhauer, LC Peng, YKM AF Ishida, A Harahap, CO Steinhauer, LC Peng, YKM TI Ellipticity criterion for flowing two-fluid high beta equilibria SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FINITE-BETA; MAGNETOFLUID; RELAXATION; PLASMAS AB An improved formalism for flowing two-fluid equilibria with nonuniform density is developed in the absence of dissipation. The system for axisymmetric equilibria can be expressed using second-order partial differential equations for the stream functions of the generalized vorticities of the electron and ion fluids. It is found that the equilibrium equations are elliptic when the poloidal ion flow speed is less than the sound speed. This property differs markedly from the single-fluid model. The two-fluid result is compared with that for the single-fluid model. It is important to determine if well-confined flowing plasmas satisfy this ellipiticity criterion throughout the plasma. Measurements of plasma poloidal flow velocities in high beta plasmas are therefore encouraged. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Niigata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Univ Washington, Redmond Plasma Phys Lab, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ishida, A (reprint author), Niigata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Niigata 9502181, Japan. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5297 EP 5301 DI 10.1063/1.1804533 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100045 ER PT J AU Kolesnichenko, YI Lutsenko, VV White, RB Yakovenko, YV AF Kolesnichenko, YI Lutsenko, VV White, RB Yakovenko, YV TI Energetic ion transport and concomitant change of the fusion reactivity during reconnection events in spherical tori SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SAWTOOTH OSCILLATIONS; PARTICLES; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; CRASHES; MODE AB Effects of MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) reconnection events on the beam-plasma fusion reactivity and transport of the beam ions are studied. Based on the analysis of fusion reactivity changes induced by MHD events, the conclusion is drawn that the strong drops of the neutron yield during sawtooth crashes observed in the national spherical torus experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono , Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] are associated with both a particle redistribution inside the plasma and a loss of the beam ions. Mechanisms of the energetic ion transport during sawtooth crashes are analyzed, in particular, with the use of the resonance adiabatic invariant derived in this paper. A numerical simulation of the particle motion during a sawtooth crash in NSTX is done with the code OFSEF (orbit following in the sawtooth electromagnetic field) [Ya. I. Kolesnichenko , Nucl. Fusion 40, 1325 (2000)] extended for a better description of the particle precession. It is shown that the motion of toroidally passing particles in NSTX can become stochastic under the influence of a crash. This stochasticity, as well as the motion along the resonance island, leads to the escape of some particles from the plasma. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kolesnichenko, YI (reprint author), Inst Nucl Res, Prospekt Nauky 47, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; Yakovenko, Yuriy/0000-0002-3499-5275 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5302 EP 5315 DI 10.1063/1.1804535 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100046 ER PT J AU deGrassie, JS Burrell, KH Baylor, LR Houlberg, W Lohr, J AF deGrassie, JS Burrell, KH Baylor, LR Houlberg, W Lohr, J TI Toroidal rotation in DIII-D in electron cyclotron heating and Ohmic H-mode discharges (vol 11, pg 4323, 2004) SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Correction C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP deGrassie, JS (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5368 EP 5368 DI 10.1063/1.1806473 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100056 ER PT J AU Genoni, TC Rose, DV Welch, DR Lee, EP AF Genoni, TC Rose, DV Welch, DR Lee, EP TI Two-stream stability for a focusing charged particle beam SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION BEAM; TOOL AB The growth of the two-stream instability in one-dimensonal (1D) spherical geometry is analyzed using Laplace and Fourier transforms. An analytic expression for the asymptotic growth is obtained and compared to the well-known planar formula. Stronger linear growth is predicted for a converging beam than for its corresponding 1D planar counterpart at the same initial density. Calculations based on the analytic model are compared to 1D particle-in-cell simulations and excellent agreement is obtained. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94729 USA. RP Genoni, TC (reprint author), Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. EM genoni@mrcabq.com NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 11 BP L73 EP L76 DI 10.1063/1.1807418 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867QC UT WOS:000224856100001 ER PT J AU Holzscheiter, MH Charlton, M Nieto, MM AF Holzscheiter, MH Charlton, M Nieto, MM TI The route to ultra-low energy antihydrogen SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE antihydrogen; antiprotons; CPT; gravity; positrons; antimatter technology ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL THEORIES; ELECTRON-ION RECOMBINATION; EXCITED-STATE POSITRONIUM; ANTIPROTONIC HELIUM-ATOMS; KLEIN-GORDON EQUATION; LYMAN-ALPHA RADIATION; COSMIC-RAY PARTICLES; NESTED PENNING TRAP; LOW-ORDER MODES AB We begin by discussing the concept and field of antimatter and how quantum mechanics and relativity led to its discovery. We describe how neutral antimatter, in the form of antihydrogen, is a natural test bed for tests of CPT and the weak equivalence principle. We go on to describe how cold antihydrogen can be formed by creating, trapping, cooling, and combining antiprotons and positrons at a facility such as the antiproton decelerator at CERN. We finish by describing the recent success in producing low-energy antihydrogen and how future developments are geared toward achieving the above tests and beyond. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pbar Labs LLC, Newport Beach, CA 92660 USA. Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP CERN, Div EP, UAD, Bldg 22-1-019, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM michael.holzscheiter@cern.ch; m.charlton@swansea.ac.uk; mmn@lanl.gov NR 354 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 402 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2004.08.002 PG 101 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 871YT UT WOS:000225173300001 ER PT J AU Wesolowski, DJ AF Wesolowski, DJ TI Long term energy solutions: The truth behind the silent lie SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wesolowski, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wesolowskid@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD NOV PY 2004 VL 57 IS 11 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 867WJ UT WOS:000224873100007 ER PT J AU Morse, W AF Morse, W TI Long term energy solutions: The truth behind the silent lie SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Morse, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM morse@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD NOV PY 2004 VL 57 IS 11 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 867WJ UT WOS:000224873100012 ER PT J AU McDonald, JC Coursey, BM Carter, M AF McDonald, JC Coursey, BM Carter, M TI Detecting illicit radioactive sources SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID SCINTILLATOR C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP McDonald, JC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD NOV PY 2004 VL 57 IS 11 BP 36 EP 41 DI 10.1063/1.1839375 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 867WJ UT WOS:000224873100024 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI The November revolution SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD NOV PY 2004 VL 17 IS 11 BP 18 EP 19 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874LK UT WOS:000225351700018 ER PT J AU Kramer, GJ Gorelenkov, NN Nazikian, R Cheng, CZ AF Kramer, GJ Gorelenkov, NN Nazikian, R Cheng, CZ TI Finite pressure effects on reversed shear Alfven eigenmodes SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; DRIVEN; JT-60U AB The inclusion of finite pressure in ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory can explain the reversed magnetic shear Alfven eigenmodes (RSAE) (or Alfven cascades) that have been observed in several large tokamaks without the need to invoke an energetic particle mechanism for the existence of these modes. The chirping of the RSAE is caused by changes in the minimum of the magnetic safety factor, q(min), while finite pressure effects explain the observed non-zero minimum frequency of the RSAE when qmin has a rational value. Finite pressure effects also play a dominant role in the existence of the downward chirping RSAE branch. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kramer, GJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM gkramer@pppl.gov RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 16 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 11 BP L23 EP L29 AR PII S0741-3335(04)82293-0 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/11/L01 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 877VB UT WOS:000225600900001 ER PT J AU Woods, M Ruppel, T Mann, A Sarkus, T Cutright, R Noceti, P Wendt, JOL AF Woods, M Ruppel, T Mann, A Sarkus, T Cutright, R Noceti, P Wendt, JOL TI Reburn revival? SO POWER ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 Parsons Corp, Pasadena, CA 91124 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Adv Energy Syst Div, Washington, DC USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Environm & Ind Div, Washington, DC USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Woods, M (reprint author), Parsons Corp, Pasadena, CA 91124 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0032-5961 J9 POWER ENG-US JI Power Eng. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 108 IS 11 BP 150 EP + PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 876MA UT WOS:000225499800024 ER PT J AU Rangarajan, ES Li, YG Iannuzzi, P Tocili, A Hung, LW Matte, A Cygler, M AF Rangarajan, ES Li, YG Iannuzzi, P Tocili, A Hung, LW Matte, A Cygler, M TI Crystal structure of a dodecameric FMN-dependent UbiX-like decarboxylase (Pad1) from Escherichia coli O157 : H7 SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE flavin mononucleotide; decarboxylase; UbiX; crystal structure ID UBIQUINONE BIOSYNTHESIS; ACID DECARBOXYLASE; BINDING PROTEIN; SEQUENCE; DATABASE; CARBOXYLYASE; METABOLISM; LOCATION; FAMILIES; PROGRAMS AB The crystal structure of the flavoprotein Pad1 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 complexed with the cofactor FMN has been determined by the multiple anomalous diffraction method and refined at 2.0 A resolution. This protein is a paralog of UbiX (3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate carboxy-lyase, 51% sequence identity) that catalyzes the third step in ubiquinone biosynthesis and to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pad1 (54% identity), an enzyme that confers resistance to the antimicrobial compounds phenylacrylic acids through decarboxylation of these compounds. Each Pad1 monomer consists of a typical Rossmann fold containing a noncovalently bound molecule of FMN. The fold of Pad1 is similar to MrsD, an enzyme associated with lantibiotic synthesis; EpiD, a peptidyl-cysteine decarboxylase; and AtHAL3a, the enzyme, which decarboxylates 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to 4'-phosphopantetheine during coenzyme A biosynthesis, all with a similar location of the FMN binding site at the interface between two monomers, yet each having little sequence similarity to one another. All of these proteins associate into oligomers, with a trimer forming the common structural unit in each case. In MrsD and EpiD, which belong to the homo-dodecameric flavin-containing cysteine decarboxylase (HFCD) family, these trimers associate further into dodecamers. Pad1 also forms dodecamers, although the association of the trimers is completely different, resulting in exposure of a different side of the trimer unit to the solvent. This exposure affects the location of the substrate binding site and, specifically, its access to the FMN cofactor. Therefore, Pad1 forms a separate family, distinguishable from the HFCD family. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada. Montreal Joint Ctr Struct Biol, Montreal, PQ H7P 2R2, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cygler, M (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. EM mirek@bri.nrc.ca RI Zhang, Ning/F-1387-2014 NR 37 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 13 IS 11 BP 3006 EP 3016 DI 10.1110/ps.01953004 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 866GU UT WOS:000224762800017 PM 15459342 ER PT J AU Endres, RG Schulthess, TC Wingreen, NS AF Endres, RG Schulthess, TC Wingreen, NS TI Toward an atomistic model for predicting transcription-factor binding sites SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE protein-DNA interaction; transcription-factor binding sites; gene regulation; binding-site prediction; dead-end elimination algorithm ID DEAD-END ELIMINATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; NUCLEIC-ACID RECOGNITION; PROTEIN-DNA INTERACTIONS; ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS; SIDE-CHAINS; WATER; OPTIMIZATION; MICROARRAYS; DISCOVERY AB Identifying the specific DNA-binding sites of transcription-factor proteins is essential to understanding the regulation of gene expression in the cell. Bioinformatics approaches are fast compared to experiments, but require prior knowledge of multiple binding sites for each protein. Here, we present an atomistic force-field method to predict binding sites based only on the X-ray structure of a related bound complex. Specific flexible contacts between the protein and DNA are modeled by a library of amino acid side-chain rotamers. Using the example of the mouse transcription factor, Zif268, a well-studied zinc-finger protein, we show that the protein sequence alone, without the detailed experimental structure, gives a strong bias toward the consensus binding site. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NEC Labs Amer Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Endres, RG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM endresrg@ornl.gov NR 47 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 2 BP 262 EP 268 DI 10.1002/prot.20199 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 854TM UT WOS:000223926200003 PM 15340913 ER PT J AU Guo, JT Wetzel, R Ying, X AF Guo, JT Wetzel, R Ying, X TI Molecular modeling of the core of A beta amyloid fibrils SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; parallel beta-helix; protein threading; molecular dynamics simulation; protein structure prediction ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; DISORDERED PROTEIN; HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE; STRUCTURAL MODEL; SHEET STRUCTURE; PEPTIDE; FEATURES; BETA-AMYLOID((10-35)) AB Amyloid fibrils, a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other amyloidosis implicated in neurodegeneration, have a characteristic cross-beta structure. Here we present a structural model for the core of amyloid fibrils formed by the Abeta peptide using computational approaches and experimental data. Abeta(15-36) was threaded against the parallel beta-helical proteins. Our multi-layer model was constructed using the top scoring template 1lxa, a left-handed parallel beta-helical protein. This six-rung helical model has in-register repeats of the Abeta(15-36) sequence. Each rung has three beta-strands separated by two turns. The model was tested using molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water, and is in good agreement with a number of experimental observations. In addition, a model based on right-handed helical proteins is also described. The core structural model described here might serve as the building block of the Abeta(1-40) amyloid fibril as well as some other amyloid fibrils. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Grad Sch Med, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ying, X (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu RI Wetzel, Ronald/G-7453-2011 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01AG18416, AG 2813096] NR 49 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD NOV 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 2 BP 357 EP 364 DI 10.1002/prot.20222 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 854TM UT WOS:000223926200013 PM 15340923 ER PT J AU Berlyand, L Golovaty, D Movchan, A Phillips, J AF Berlyand, L Golovaty, D Movchan, A Phillips, J TI Transport properties of densely packed composites. Effect of shapes and spacings of inclusions SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF MECHANICS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID HARD-SPHERE DISPERSIONS; NETWORK APPROXIMATION; SOLID SPHERES; SUSPENSIONS; VISCOSITY; SIMULATION; PARTICLES; RHEOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB We analyse transport properties of fluid/solid and solid/solid composites containing finite arrays of closely spaced rigid inclusions when a host medium is either an elastic matrix or an incompressible fluid. The appropriate choice of the number of inclusions and the symmetry of a periodicity cell allows us to introduce simple, yet physically relevant models so that effective characteristics of homogenized media can be investigated analytically. For various applied loads and shapes of (polydisperse) inclusions we demonstrate the spatial non-uniformity of geometric configurations corresponding to either lowest dissipation rate (for fluid/solid composites) or to minimal stiffness (for solid/solid composites). In order to find the optimal configurations, we use a unified framework based on asymptotic expansions in terms of inter-inclusion distances. Furthermore, we compare effective transport properties of composite materials containing inclusions with either flat or curved boundaries. C1 Univ Akron, Dept Theoret & Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Math & MRI, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Math Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Golovaty, D (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Theoret & Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM dmitry@math.uakron.edu RI Phillips, Jonathan/D-3760-2011; Movchan, Alexander/F-2501-2015; OI Movchan, Alexander/0000-0001-8902-9923; Golovaty, Dmitry/0000-0003-0696-2211 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0033-5614 J9 Q J MECH APPL MATH JI Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 57 BP 495 EP 528 DI 10.1093/qjmam/57.4.495 PN 4 PG 34 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 874PM UT WOS:000225362300002 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ES Koshurnikova, NA Sokolnikov, ME Shilnikova, NS Preston, DL Ron, E Okatenko, PV Khokhryakov, VF Vasilenko, EK Miller, S Eckerman, K Romanov, SA AF Gilbert, ES Koshurnikova, NA Sokolnikov, ME Shilnikova, NS Preston, DL Ron, E Okatenko, PV Khokhryakov, VF Vasilenko, EK Miller, S Eckerman, K Romanov, SA TI Lung cancer in Mayak workers SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; FORMER SOVIET-UNION; PRODUCTION-ASSOCIATION; NUCLEAR ENTERPRISE; PLUTONIUM WORKERS; MORTALITY; RADIATION; EXPOSURE; SMOKING; MODEL AB The cohort of nuclear workers at the Mayak Production Association, located in the Russian Federation, is a unique resource for providing information on the health effects of exposure to plutonium as well as the effects of protracted external dose. Lung cancer mortality risks were evaluated in 21,790 Mayak workers, a much larger group than included in previous evaluations of lung cancer risks in this cohort. These analyses, which included 655 lung cancer deaths occurring in the period 1955-2000, were the first to evaluate both excess relative risk (ERR) and excess absolute risk (EAR) models and to give detailed attention to the modifying effects of gender, attained age and age at hire. Lung cancer risks were found to be significantly related to both internal dose to the lung from plutonium and external dose, and risks were described adequately by linear functions. For internal dose, the ERR per gray for females was about four times higher than that for males, whereas the EAR for females was less than half that for males; the ERR showed a strong decline with attained age, whereas the EAR increased with attained age until about age 65 and then decreased. Parallel analyses of lung cancer mortality risks in Mayak workers and Japanese A-bomb survivors were also conducted. Efforts currently under way to improve both internal and external dose estimates, and to develop data on smoking, should result in more accurate risk estimates in the future. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 NCI, Radiat Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. So Urals Biophys Inst, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Reg, Russia. Radiat Res Fdn, Dept Stat, Hiroshima, Japan. Mayak Prod Assoc, Dept Radiat Safety, Ozyorsk, Russia. Univ Utah, Div Radiobiol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Gilbert, ES (reprint author), Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Radiat Epidemiol Branch, 6120 Execut Blvd,MS 7238, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM gilberte@exchange.nih.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [N01 CP 11014] NR 31 TC 43 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 162 IS 5 BP 505 EP 516 DI 10.1667/RR3259 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 870UI UT WOS:000225083500003 PM 15624305 ER PT J AU Howe, GR Zablotska, LB Fix, JJ Egel, J Buchanan, J AF Howe, GR Zablotska, LB Fix, JJ Egel, J Buchanan, J TI Analysis of the mortality experience amongst US nuclear power industry workers after chronic low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL DEATH INDEX; ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; CANCER MORTALITY; SELLAFIELD PLANT; RECORD LINKAGE; REGISTRY; CANADA; FUELS AB Workers employed in 15 utilities that generate nuclear power in the United States have been followed for up to 18 years between 1979 and 1997. Their cumulative dose from wholebody ionizing radiation has been determined from the dose records maintained by the facilities themselves and the REIRS and REMS systems maintained by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Department of Energy, respectively. Mortality in the cohort from a number of causes has been analyzed with respect to individual radiation doses. The cohort displays a very substantial healthy worker effect, i.e. considerably lower cancer and noncancer mortality than the general population. Based on 26 and 368 deaths, respectively, positive though statistically nonsignificant associations were seen for mortalitv from leukemia (excluding chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and all solid cancers combined, with excess relative risks per sievert of 5.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) -2.56, 30.4] and 0.506 (95% CI -2.01, 4.64), respectively. These estimates are very similar to those from the atomic bomb survivors study, though the wide confidence intervals are also consistent with lower or higher risk estimates. A strong positive and statistically significant association between radiation dose and deaths from arteriosclerotic heart disease including coronary heart disease was also observed in the cohort, with an ERR of 8.78 (95% CI 2.10, 20.0). While associations with heart disease have been reported in some other occupational studies the magnitude of the present association is not consistent with them and therefore needs cautious interpretation and merits further attention. At present, the relatively small number of deaths and the young age of the cohort (mean age at end of follow-up is 45 years) limit the power of the study, but further follow-up and the inclusion of the present data in an ongoing JARC combined analysis of nuclear workers from 15 countries will have greater power for testing the main hypotheses of interest. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dosimetry Res & Technol, Richland, WA USA. Battele Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, St Louis, MO USA. RP Howe, GR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 722 W 168th St,Suite 1104, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM gh68@columbia.edu NR 20 TC 68 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 162 IS 5 BP 517 EP 526 DI 10.1667/RR3258 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 870UI UT WOS:000225083500004 ER PT J AU Garrick, BJ Hall, JE Kilger, M McDonald, JC O'Toole, T Probst, PS Parker, ER Rosenthal, R Trivelpiece, AW Van Arsdale, LA Zebroski, EL AF Garrick, BJ Hall, JE Kilger, M McDonald, JC O'Toole, T Probst, PS Parker, ER Rosenthal, R Trivelpiece, AW Van Arsdale, LA Zebroski, EL TI Confronting the risks of terrorism: making the right decisions SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE terrorism; risk; quantitative risk assessment; Bayes theorem; threat assessment; decision making ID PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; ASSESSMENTS; SYSTEMS; PLANT AB This report offers a methodology for assessing, quantitatively, the risks of terrorism. The purpose of the methodology is to support effective decision making to combat terrorism. The emphasis is on terrorist attacks that could have catastrophic consequences. The perspective taken is that in order to make the right decisions about combating terrorism, their needs to be a systematic means of assessing the likelihood of such attacks. A process of implementation of the decisions resulting from risk assessment is essential. That process includes (1) an understanding of the nature of the threat, (2) an information system linked directly to 'intelligence' on terrorism, and (3) organizational structures that can take timely, coordinated, and effective actions. There must also be sound evidence that the methodology can be successfully applied. A description of the nature of terrorism, a terrorism risk assessment methodology, information requirements to fight terrorism, and recommendations for successful implementation is what this report is about. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Hall & Associates, Washington, DC USA. Symmetrical Resources, Deerfield, IL USA. MBX Inc, LaQuinta, CA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Inst Study Terrosism & Polit Violence, Fairfax, VA USA. Univ Pacific, McGeorge Sch Law, Sacramento, CA USA. Booz Allen Hamilton, Mclean, VA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Henderson, NV USA. Uniconvent Solut Inc, Las Vegas, NV USA. EM bjgarrick@aol.com NR 71 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 86 IS 2 BP 129 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.ress.2004.04.003 PG 48 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 856YI UT WOS:000224081600003 ER EF