FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Doeff, MM Anapolsky, A Edman, L Richardson, TJ De Jonghe, LC AF Doeff, MM Anapolsky, A Edman, L Richardson, TJ De Jonghe, LC TI A high-rate manganese oxide for rechargeable lithium battery applications SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LI-ION CELLS; ORTHORHOMBIC NAXMNO2; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SPINEL ELECTRODES; POLYMER BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIAL AB Li(x)MnO(2) made by ion exchange of glycine-nitrate combustion synthesis-processed (GNP) orthorhombic Na(0.44)MnO(2) (GNP-Li(x)MnO(2)) has been cycled in lithium/liquid electrolyte cell configurations at room temperature and lithium/polymer cell configurations at 85 degreesC over one hundred times without showing capacity fading or phase conversion to spinel. At 2.5 mA/cm(2) in liquid cells (5C rate) or 1 mA/cm(2) (1.5C rate) in polymer cells, 80-95% of the expected capacity is delivered. The remarkable stability is attributable to the unusual double tunnel structure, which cannot easily undergo rearrangement to spinel. The enhanced rats capability of GNP-Li(x)MnO(2) compared to conventionally prepared materials is attributable to the shorter particle length, which allows faster diffusion of lithium ions along the tunnels. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Umea Univ, Dept Expt Phys, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. RP Doeff, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 23 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 148 IS 3 BP A230 EP A236 DI 10.1149/1.1349883 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 412GB UT WOS:000167545700008 ER PT J AU Nostrand, MC Page, RH Payne, SA Isaenko, LI Yelisseyev, AP AF Nostrand, MC Page, RH Payne, SA Isaenko, LI Yelisseyev, AP TI Optical properties of Dy3+- and Nd3+-doped KPb2Cl5 SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LANTHANUM SULFIDE GLASS; TELECOMMUNICATION AMPLIFIERS; MU-M; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; INFRARED-EMISSION; FIBER AMPLIFIERS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; 1.3-MU-M; LASER; CHLORIDES AB Optical properties including radiative quantum efficiencies, cross-relaxation coefficients, refractive index, energy-gap law parameters, and maximum phonon energy are presented for a new low-phonon-frequency, nonhygroscopic host crystal potassium lead chloride (KPb2Cl5) doped with Dy3+ and Nd3+. Assuming that the total decay rate (W) from each level is composed of radiative (A(rad)), multiphonon (W-MP), and concentration-dependent cross-relaxation (W-c) rates (W = A(rad) + W-MP + W-c), We determined radiative quantum efficiencies (eta (rad) = A(rad)/W) from emission data for five samples of various Dy3+ concentrations (N-0). These results were compared with values calculated from a Judd-Ofelt analysis of the absorption spectrum. This technique required identification of cross-relaxation pathways. A cross-relaxation coefficient k = 1.83 x 10(-37) cm(6) s(-1) (where W-c = kN(0)(2)) was measured for the Dy3+ H-6(9/2) + F-6(11/2) level. The measured multiphonon decay rates yielded energy-gap law (W-MP[DeltaE] approximate to B exp[-beta DeltaE]) parameters B = 3.72 x 10(9) s(-1) and beta = 1.16 x 10(-2) cm, indicating that laser action should be possible to near 9 mum (DeltaE = 1100 cm(-1)) in this laser host at room temperature. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Design & Technol Inst Monocrystals, Novosibirsk 630058, Russia. RP Nostrand, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-482, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Isaenko, Ludmila/H-7620-2013; Yelisseyev, Alexander/A-3846-2014; Isaenko, Ludmila/A-5272-2014 NR 34 TC 93 Z9 96 U1 3 U2 16 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 18 IS 3 BP 264 EP 276 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000264 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 409HA UT WOS:000167377300002 ER PT J AU Gibbons, BJ Hawley, ME Trolier-McKinstry, S Schlom, DG AF Gibbons, BJ Hawley, ME Trolier-McKinstry, S Schlom, DG TI Real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry as a characterization tool for oxide molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BUFFER LAYERS; THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DIELECTRIC FUNCTION; SILICON; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; SI; SPECTROELLIPSOMETRY AB A real-time spectroscopic ellipsometer (RTSE) was designed and implemented on an oxide molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. The RTSE was designed as a complementary tool to the other existing in situ deposition monitors on the MBE. To quantify how the RTSE complemented the other tools las well as to determine its limitations), the RTSE was used to characterize the deposition of (111)-oriented Y2O3 on (111) Si and (110)-oriented Y2O3 on (100) Si. Results from computer modeling of the RTSE data subsequent to deposition showed excellent agreement with atomic absorption flux measurements, quartz crystal monitor flux measurements, refection high energy electron diffraction measurements, and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. From the RTSE measurements, growth rates and microstructures were determined and verified by ex situ techniques. In addition, the sticking coefficient of yttrium to Y2O3 was found to be 1.00 +/-0.07. Also, the temperature dependent optical properties of the Y2O3 films were measured at 25 and at 730 degreesC. Nearly bulk values were found, indicating the high quality films deposited via this method. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gibbons, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Trolier-McKinstry, Susan/0000-0002-7267-9281 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 584 EP 590 DI 10.1116/1.1351054 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 413CD UT WOS:000167591600029 ER PT J AU Lim, SH Shindo, D Kang, HB Nakamura, K AF Lim, SH Shindo, D Kang, HB Nakamura, K TI Defect structure of epitaxial ZnO films on (0001) sapphire studied by transmission electron microscopy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; GAN FILMS; INTERFACES; GROWTH AB Defects and structural characteristics (threading dislocations and angles of rotational disorder in the subgrain) of wurtzite-type ZnO films grown by electron cyclotron resonance-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on (0001) c-plane sapphire have been investigated extensively using conventional transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Through the cross-sectional and plan-view observations, the existence of threading dislocations in the ZnO film and the basic crystallographic orientation relationship of (0001)(ZnO)\ \ (0001)(sapphire) and [2 (1) over bar(1) over bar0](ZnO)\ \ (1 (1) over bar 00)(sapphire) were clarified. The line directions of most threading dislocations were found to be normal to the interface. The density of the threading dislocations in ZnO film was estimated to be 1.9x 10(11) cm(-2) and the subgrains being accompanied by the threading dislocations and Burgers vectors of 1/3(11 (2) over bar0) were clearly observed. It was found that the size of the subgrains ranges from 15 to 150 nm and the subgrains are rotated by 1 degrees -5 degrees with respect to the ZnO film. The overlapping manner of the ZnO film and the sapphire substrate in the subgrains was discussed taking into account the moire fringes of HREM images. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Adv Mat Proc, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. RP Lim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Shindo, Daisuke/I-3865-2012 NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 506 EP 510 DI 10.1116/1.1349210 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 425TR UT WOS:000168308200031 ER PT J AU Jager, ND Weber, ER Salmeron, M AF Jager, ND Weber, ER Salmeron, M TI Interpretation of GaAs(110) scanning tunneling microscopy image contrast by the symmetry of the surface Bloch wave functions SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID III-V-SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; 110 SURFACES; GAAS; SPECTROSCOPY; STATES; INP AB A simple qualitative correlation between the corrugation anisotropy observed in scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images of GaAs(110) surfaces and the symmetry properties of the surface states is presented. We show that as a function of bias, tunneling from different electronic states near high-symmetry points of the surface Brillouin zone gives rise to a distinct corrugation along [1 (1) over bar0] and [001] in STM images. Existing models of the surface band structure are used to identify these states. We show that at small bias, due to band bending effects, the same surface state near the conduction-band edge determines the image corrugation in both filled and empty states images of n-type GaAs. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jager, ND (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 511 EP 516 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 425TR UT WOS:000168308200032 ER PT J AU Mammana, VP Fonseca, LRC Filho, AP Monteiro, OR Ramprasad, R von Allmen, P AF Mammana, VP Fonseca, LRC Filho, AP Monteiro, OR Ramprasad, R von Allmen, P TI Porous field emission devices based on polyimide membranes using diode and triode configurations SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-EMISSION; DEPOSITION; EMITTER; FILMS AB Residual gas inside field emission displays (FED) is the most important issue related to the device lifetime. Increasing the display area while maintaining the display thickness unchanged results in lifetime decrease, since the pressure gradient is fostered. Therefore, improvement of vacuum properties is a mandatory step towards large area displays. In a prior publication we have demonstrated that porous diamond membranes show good vacuum performance, while requiring low emitter switching voltage. In this work, we continue the porous membrane development by using polyimide as the base material for the membrane. The use of polyimide instead of diamond allows for easier production of large area porous FEDs. In addition, we present results of preliminary field emission experiments showing a direct correlation between the emitted current and the number of pores. This result strongly suggests that the emission sites are located at the pore edges in the polyimide membranes, similar to our observations for diamond membranes. From the theoretical point of view, we propose a new geometry: still based on the use of pores, but including a grid for triode mode operation. Finally, we present electron trajectory simulations that address some of the focusing issues in the proposed device. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Motorola Inc, Digital DNA Labs, Mesa, AZ 85202 USA. Inst Nacl Tecnol Informat, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Motorola Inc, Digital DNA Labs, Tempe, AZ USA. Motorola Inc, Flat Panel Display Div, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Mammana, VP (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 20516, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 537 EP 541 DI 10.1116/1.1350838 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 425TR UT WOS:000168308200037 ER PT J AU Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML Bordonaro, GJ Merkulov, VI Baylor, LR Lowndes, DH AF Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML Bordonaro, GJ Merkulov, VI Baylor, LR Lowndes, DH TI Fabrication of gated cathode structures using an in situ grown vertically aligned carbon nanofiber as a field emission element SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EMITTER ARRAY; FILMS AB Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) are extremely promising cathode materials for microfabricated field emission devices, due to their low threshold field to initiate electron emission, inherent stability, and ruggedness, and relative ease of fabrication at moderate growth temperatures. We report on a process for fabricating gated cathode structures that uses a single in situ grown carbon nanofiber as a field emission element. The electrostatic gating structure was fabricated using a combination of traditional micro- and nanofabrication techniques. High-resolution electron beam lithography was used to define the first layer of features consisting of catalyst sites for VACNF growth and alignment marks for subsequent photolithography steps. Following metallization of these features, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was used to deposit a 1-mum-thick interlayer dielectric. Photolithography was then used to expose the gate electrode pattern consisting of 1 mum apertures aligned to the buried catalyst sites. After metallizing the electrode pattern the structures were reactive ion etched until the buried catalyst sites were released. To complete the devices, a novel PECVD process using a de acetylene/ammonia/helium plasma was used to grow single VACNFs inside the electrostatic gating structures. The issues associated with the fabrication of these devices are discussed along with their potential applications. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Instrumentat & Controls, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanofabricat Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guillorn, MA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 15 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 573 EP 578 DI 10.1116/1.1358855 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 425TR UT WOS:000168308200045 ER PT J AU Yu, F Joshi, SM Ma, YM Kingston, RL Simon, MN Vogt, VM AF Yu, F Joshi, SM Ma, YM Kingston, RL Simon, MN Vogt, VM TI Characterization of Rous sarcoma virus Gag particles assembled in vitro SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-1 NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; MEMBRANE-BINDING DOMAIN; MURINE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; HIGH-AFFINITY BINDING; AMINO-ACID-RESIDUES; PFIZER MONKEY VIRUS; IN-VITRO; CAPSID PROTEIN; TYPE-1 GAG AB Purified retrovirus Gag proteins or Gag protein fragments are able to assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs) in vitro in the presence of RNA. We have examined the role of nucleic acid and of the NC domain in assembly of VLPs from a Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein and have characterized these VLPs using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning TEM (STEM), and cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM). RNAs of diverse sizes, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides as small as 22 nucleotides, double-stranded DNA, and heparin all promoted efficient assembly. The percentages of nucleic acid by mass, in the VLPs varied from 5 to 8%. The mean mass of VLPs, as determined by STEM, was 6.5 x 10(7) Da for both RNA-containing and DNA oligonucleotide-containing particles, corresponding to a stoichiometry of about 1,200 protein molecules per VLP, slightly lower than the 1,500 Gag molecules estimated previously for infectious RSV. By cryo-EM, the VLPs showed the characteristic morphology of immature retroviruses, with discernible regions of high density corresponding to the two domains of the CA protein. In spherically averaged density distributions, the mean radial distance to the density corresponding to the C-terminal domain of CA was 33 nm, considerably smaller than that of equivalent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles. Deletions of the distal portion of NC, including the second Zn-binding motif, had little effect on assembly, but deletions including the charged residues between the two Zn-binding motifs abrogated assembly. Mutation of the cysteine and histidine residues in the first Zn-binding motif to alanine did not affect assembly, but mutation of the basic residues between the two Zn-binding motifs, or of the basic residues in the N-terminal portion of NC, abrogated assembly. Together, these findings establish VLPs as a good model for immature virions and establish a foundation for dissection of the interactions that lead to assembly. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vogt, VM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Kingston, Richard/C-2537-2008 OI Kingston, Richard/0000-0003-0893-6973 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA20081, R01 CA020081]; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR001777, P41-RR01777]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI34216]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM33050, R01 GM033050, R37 GM033050] NR 85 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 75 IS 6 BP 2753 EP 2764 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.6.2753-2764.2001 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 405LG UT WOS:000167160400026 PM 11222698 ER PT J AU Paulus, MJ Gleason, SS Easterly, ME Foltz, CJ AF Paulus, MJ Gleason, SS Easterly, ME Foltz, CJ TI A review of high resolution X-ray computed tomography and other imaging modalities for small animal research SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Review ID BONE ARCHITECTURE; IN-VIVO; MICE; ANESTHESIA; RECONSTRUCTION; TRIBROMOETHANOL; IMAGES; MOUSE AB Dedicated high-resolution small animal systems have recently emerged as important new tools for laboratory animal research. These imaging systems permit researchers to noninvasively screen animal models for mutations or pathologies and to monitor disease progression and response to therapy. The authors survey various small animal imaging modalities, including MRI, PET, SPECT, and microCT, and discuss several representative microCT mouse imaging studies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. ImTek Inc, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Paulus, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, POB 2008,MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 34 TC 124 Z9 128 U1 4 U2 22 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 30 IS 3 BP 36 EP 45 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 408PW UT WOS:000167337700009 PM 11385756 ER PT J AU Easterly, ME Foltz, J Paulus, MJ AF Easterly, ME Foltz, J Paulus, MJ TI Body Condition Scoring: Comparing newly trained scorers and micro-computed tomography imaging SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article ID MOUSE; HEALTH AB A Body Condition Scoring (BCS) protocol is an easily learned tool that can be used as a means of body condition assessment for random populations of mice. Here, the authors use X-ray computed tomography technology to show that BCS is a quick and effective method for evaluating parameters such as muscle thickness and fat, and that the method is equally as accurate when employed by newly trained or expert scorers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Tech Staff, Instrumentat & Controls Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Foltz, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Bear Creek Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 30 IS 3 BP 46 EP 49 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 408PW UT WOS:000167337700010 PM 11385757 ER PT J AU Willi, O Campbell, DH Schiavi, A Borghesi, M Galimberti, M Gizzi, LA Nazarov, W MacKinnon, AJ Pukhov, A Meyer-Ter-Vehn, J AF Willi, O Campbell, DH Schiavi, A Borghesi, M Galimberti, M Gizzi, LA Nazarov, W MacKinnon, AJ Pukhov, A Meyer-Ter-Vehn, J TI Relativistic laser propagation through underdense and overdense plasmas SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd ULIA Conference CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2000 CL PISA, ITALY SP European Commiss, Ist Fis Atom & Molecolare ID CHANNEL FORMATION; PREFORMED PLASMA; EXPLODING FOIL; PULSE; TARGETS; SIMULATION; IGNITION; FRONT; LIGHT AB Detailed investigations of the propagation of an ultraintense picosecond laser pulse through preformed plasmas have been carried out. An underdense plasma with peak density around 0.1n(c) was generated by exploding a thin foil target with an intense nanosecond laser pulse. The formation of plasma channels with an ultraintense laser pulse due to ponderomotive expulsion of elections and the subsequent Coulomb explosion were investigated. The laser transmission through underdense plasmas was measured for a picosecond pulse at intensities above 10(19) W/cm(2) with and without a plasma channel preformed with an ultraintense prepulse. The energy transmitted through the plasma increased from the few percent transmittance measured in absence of the preformed channel to almost 100% transmission with the channelling to main pulse delay at around 100 ps. The propagation of a relativistic laser pulse through overdense plasmas was also investigated. A well-characterized plasma with an electron density up to 8n(c) was generated by soft X-ray irradiation of a low-density foam target. The propagation of the laser pulse was observed via X-ray imaging and monitoring the energy transmission through the plasma. Evidence of collimated laser transport was obtained. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. CNR, IFAM, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Dundee, Dept Chem, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Max Planck Inst Quantenopt, Garching, Germany. RP Willi, O (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. RI Gizzi, Leonida/F-4782-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; pukhov, alexander/C-8082-2016; Galimberti, Marco/J-8376-2016; Schiavi, Angelo/D-2924-2017; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Galimberti, Marco/0000-0003-0661-7282; Schiavi, Angelo/0000-0002-7081-2747; Gizzi, Leonida A./0000-0001-6572-6492 NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 1 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1017/S0263034601191019 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 455LV UT WOS:000170029100003 ER PT J AU Henry, E Batani, D Koenig, M Benuzzi, A Masclet, I Marchet, B Rebec, M Reverdin, C Celliers, P Da Silva, L Cauble, R Collins, G Hall, T Cavazzoni, C AF Henry, E Batani, D Koenig, M Benuzzi, A Masclet, I Marchet, B Rebec, M Reverdin, C Celliers, P Da Silva, L Cauble, R Collins, G Hall, T Cavazzoni, C TI Equation of state of water in the megabar range SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd ULIA Conference CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2000 CL PISA, ITALY SP European Commiss, Ist Fis Atom & Molecolare ID SHOCK-WAVES; AMMONIA AB We present some preliminary results on the equation of state (EOS) of water in a pressure regime of astrophysical interest. In the: experiments, structured targets made of an aluminum step followed by a water layer are irradiated by the laser at an intensity up to 4 (.)10(14) W(.)cm(-2) to generate a shock wave. Velocities are measured in the two materials using a VISAR interferometric diagnostic for water, and a streak camera to measure target self-emission for Al. EOS points for water are obtained with the impedance mismatch method using Al EOS as a reference. Water reflectivity was also measured. C1 Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, I-20146 Milan, Italy. INFM, I-20146 Milan, Italy. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA, Limeil Brevannes, France. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. CINECA, Bologna, Italy. RP Henry, E (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Via Emanueli 15, I-20126 Milan, Italy. RI Koenig, Michel/A-2167-2012 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 1 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1017/S0263034601191172 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 455LV UT WOS:000170029100019 ER PT J AU Kostyukov, I Shvets, G Fisch, NJ Rax, JM AF Kostyukov, I Shvets, G Fisch, NJ Rax, JM TI Inverse Faraday effect in a relativistic laser channel SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd ULIA Conference CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2000 CL PISA, ITALY SP European Commiss, Ist Fis Atom & Molecolare ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PLASMA WAKE; ACCELERATION; PULSE AB Interaction between energetic electrons and a circularly polarized laser pulse in a relativistic plasma channel is studied. Laser radiation can be resonantly absorbed by electrons executing betatron oscillations in the channel and absorbing angular momentum from the laser. The absorbed angular momentum manifests itself as a strong axial magnetic field (inverse Faraday effect).. The magnitude of this magnetic field is calculated and related to the amount of the absorbed energy. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Ecole Polytech, LPMI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Kostyukov, I (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, 46 Ulyanov St, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. RI Kostyukov, Igor/A-4362-2014 OI Kostyukov, Igor/0000-0002-5818-440X NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 1 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.1017/S0263034601191202 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 455LV UT WOS:000170029100022 ER PT J AU Dull, RA Southon, JR Sheets, P AF Dull, RA Southon, JR Sheets, P TI Volcanism, ecology and culture: A reassessment of the Volcan Ilopango TBJ eruption in the southern Maya realm SO LATIN AMERICAN ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article ID TREE-RING EVIDENCE; TEMPERATURE-CHANGES; CLIMATE SYSTEM; ICE CORE; VARIABILITY AB The Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ) eruption of the Ilopango caldera in central El Salvador was one of the largest Holocene volcano events in Central America, and its ecological and cultural impacts were felt throughout El Salvador and adjoining areas of Guatemala and Honduras. Early radiocarbon measurements established a ca. AD 260 +- 114 calendar date for the eruption. However, a reevaluation of the original C-14 assays, shows that the TBJ eruption occurred at least a century and a half later than originally estimated. The revised C-14 composite supports an Early Classic Period calendar date for the eruption: 1 sigma = AD 421(429)526: 2 sigma = AD 408(429)536. A review of archaeological settlement, ceramic, and radiocarbon evidence from sites throughout the area of greatest devastation reveals a large-scale demographic collapse following the event. We believe that the population crash was caused both by the biophysical effects of the eruption and by the resulting disarticulation of the 'Miraflores' cultural-economic sphere. The affected areas of El Salvador and south-eastern Guatemala did not completely recover until the seventh century AD. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Dull, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 98 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC AMER ARCHAEOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 900 SECOND ST., NE STE 12, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-3557 USA SN 1045-6635 J9 LAT AM ANTIQ JI Lat. Am. Antiq. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 12 IS 1 BP 25 EP 44 DI 10.2307/971755 PG 20 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA 417UF UT WOS:000167852000003 ER PT J AU Schuff, N Rooney, WD Miller, R Gelinas, DF Amend, DL Maudsley, AA Weiner, MW AF Schuff, N Rooney, WD Miller, R Gelinas, DF Amend, DL Maudsley, AA Weiner, MW TI Reanalysis of multislice H-1 MRSI in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; N-acetyl aspartate; motor cortex; metabolite concentration ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; N-ACETYLASPARTATE; METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS; CORTICOSPINAL TRACT; MOTOR CORTEX; BRAIN; ALS; DISEASE AB The goal of this work was to reexamine previously published (1) brain spectroscopy data of abnormal metabolite ratios in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Toward this goal, H-1 MR spectroscopic imaging data from 10 ALS and nine control subjects were reanalyzed using improved data analysis techniques, including automated curve fitting and tissue-volume correction. In the motor cortex of ALS, N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) was 23% (P = 0.004) lower than in controls, and in the posterior internal capsule of ALS choline compounds (Cho) were 20% (P = 0.02) higher. This demonstrates that the metabolite ratio changes in ALS were due to NAA loss in the motor cortex las expected) and Cho increase in the posterior internal capsule (not expected). (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 DVA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, New York, NY USA. Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, DVA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Schuff, N (reprint author), DVA Med Ctr, 4150 Clement St,114M, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGNET RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 45 IS 3 BP 513 EP 516 DI 10.1002/1522-2594(200103)45:3<513::AID-MRM1067>3.0.CO;2-D PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 405MP UT WOS:000167163800023 PM 11241711 ER PT J AU Shim, J Lee, HK AF Shim, J Lee, HK TI Improved performance of Raney nickel electrode by the addition of electrically conductive materials for hydrogen oxidation reaction SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Raney Ni electrode; alkaline fuel cell; Ketjen black; hydrogen oxidation reaction ID FUEL-CELL AB The performance of Raney Ni electrodes with electrically conductive materials for hydrogen oxidation reaction on an alkaline fuel cell was investigated in 6 M KOH solution at 80 degreesC. The Raney Ni electrodes with carbon black (Vulcan XC-72 and Ketjen black) showed higher performance than Raney Ni electrode without carbon black for hydrogen oxidation. The improved performance of Raney Ni electrode was caused on the enhanced conductivity of electrodes, the increase of electrolyte diffusivity and the enlargement of active sites. When various carbon blacks - Vulcan XC-72 and Ketjen black - with different surface area and conductivity were added, Raney Ni electrode with Vulcan XC-72, which had a relatively large surface area and high conductivity, showed higher performance than that with Ketjen black. When non-porous nickel powder as a conductive material was added, the Raney Ni electrodes with 20% nickel powder showed high performance. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Woosuk Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Chonbuk 565701, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, HK (reprint author), Woosuk Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Chonbuk 565701, South Korea. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 69 IS 1-3 BP 72 EP 76 DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00349-7 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 399PY UT WOS:000166822600011 ER PT J AU Wright, SJ AF Wright, SJ TI On the convergence of the Newton/log-barrier method SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article ID INTERIOR METHODS; MINIMIZATION AB In the Newton/log-barrier method, Newton steps are taken for the log-barrier function for a fixed value of the barrier parameter until a certain convergence criterion is satisfied. The barrier parameter is then decreased and the Newton process is repeated. A naive analysis indicates that Newton's method does not exhibit superlinear convergence to the minimizer of each instance of the log-barrier function until it reaches a very small neighborhood, namely within O(mu (2)) of the minimizer, where mu is the barrier parameter. By analyzing the structure of the barrier Hessian and gradient in terms of the subspace of active constraint gradients and the associated null space, we show that this neighborhood is in fact much larger - O(mu (sigma)) for any sigma is an element of (1,2] - thus explaining why reasonably fast local convergence can be attained in practice. Moreover, we show that the overall convergence rate of the Newton/log-barrier algorithm is superlinear in the number of function/derivative evaluations, provided that the nonlinear program is formulated with a linear objective and that the schedule for decreasing the barrier parameter is related in a certain way to the step length and convergence criteria for each Newton process. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wright, SJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0025-5610 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 90 IS 1 BP 71 EP 100 DI 10.1007/PL00011421 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 411XM UT WOS:000167525000004 ER PT J AU Leon, R Weitsman, YJ AF Leon, R Weitsman, YJ TI Time-to-failure of randomly reinforced glass strand/urethane matrix composites: data, statistical analysis and theoretical prediction SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VISCOELASTIC MEDIA; CRACK INITIATION; GROWTH AB This article concerns the time-to-failure ("static fatigue") response of randomly reinforced composites. The composites under consideration consist of swirl-mat and chopped glass fiber strands embedded in a urethane matrix, which are candidate materials for application in the automotive industry. The paper proposes a mechanics-based predictive model to relate time-to-failure to the magnitude of applied static loads. The model is based upon concepts of viscoelastic crack growth and utilizes detailed short-time, i.e. less than one day, failure data. Independently of the above model, this article presents a statistical analysis of long-term failure and survival data for the swirl-mat composite under static loads. These data were collected independently for durations of up to one year. Both approaches yield similar results for the relation between stress and failure time. The model is subsequently utilized to predict failure time for the chopped fiber composite material, for which no long-term data are available. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Stat, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weitsman, YJ (reprint author), Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn & Engn Sci, 307 Perkins Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(00)00066-1 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 411XR UT WOS:000167525400002 ER PT J AU Kim, GY Lee, WY Haynes, JA Watkins, TR AF Kim, GY Lee, WY Haynes, JA Watkins, TR TI Morphological evolution during the early stages of aluminide coating growth on a single-crystal nickel superalloy surface SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NI; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS AB The (100) surface of a single-crystal Ni alloy was aluminized as a function of time to study the development of the resulting coating microstructure. A chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor, which was specially configured for short-term aluminizing experiments, was used to prepare coating specimens at 1150 degreesC. After 5 minutes, gamma'-Ni3Al particles similar to 100 nm in size randomly nucleated on the alloy surface. Within 20 minutes, a coating layer consisting of preferentially oriented, columnar beta -NiAl grains was formed with the segregation of refractory elements (i.e., Ta and W) from the alloy to the coating grain boundaries. The lateral growth of the columnar grains was observed to be relatively rapid for up to 45 minutes, but slowed considerably between 45 and 180 minutes. While the columnar nature of the coating did not change significantly after 20 minutes, the sm-face features continually evolved, with the appearance of a small amount of the gamma' phase, which coincided with the segregation of the refractory elements to the coating surface. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biochem & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kim, GY (reprint author), Genus Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1007/s11661-001-0078-x PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 407ZX UT WOS:000167303000018 ER PT J AU Clausen, B Bourke, MAM AF Clausen, B Bourke, MAM TI Lattice plane response during tensile loading of an aluminum 2 percent magnesium alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION MEASUREMENTS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; RESIDUAL-STRESS AB In-situ neutron diffraction measurements of plane specific elastic lattice strains were made during a tensile test of an aluminum 2 pet magnesium alloy. The macroscopic response exhibited a serrated flow curve, evidence of dynamic strain aging. The neutron results are compared to calculations using a self-consistent polycrystal deformation model. The relatively poor agreement with the measured data may suggest that the model has limitations with respect to face-centered cubic (fcc) alloys with low elastic anisotropy. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clausen, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3A BP 691 EP 694 DI 10.1007/s11661-001-0085-y PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 414YX UT WOS:000167694700005 ER PT J AU Caffee, MW Nishiizumi, K AF Caffee, MW Nishiizumi, K TI Exposure history of separated phases from the Kapoeta meteorite SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COSMIC-RAY PARTICLES; PARENT BODY REGOLITH; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; PRODUCTION-RATES; SOLAR; CHONDRITE; AL-26; IRRADIATION; METEOROIDS; HOWARDITE AB The cosmogenic radionuclides, Be-10, Al-26, Cl-36, and Mn-53 were measured in selected clasts and matrix samples from the howardite Kapoeta. Previous measurements of cosmogenic Ne-21 indicate higher cosmic-ray exposure ages for bulk samples than for some separated clasts or mineral separates. A possible interpretation for this difference in apparent exposure ages is a complex recent exposure history for Kapoeta. In this scenario some constituents are exposed to cosmic rays in a 2 pi geometry as part of a larger body immediately preceding its 4 pi exposure in a smaller body. To test this scenario we measured cosmogenic radionuclides in several clasts from Kapoeta. These measurements are consistent with a simple single-stage 4 pi exposure history during which the entire inventory of cosmogenic radionuclides was produced. Taken together, these data are most consistent with a single-stage 4 pi exposure lasting similar to3 Ma. This scenario is nevertheless consistent with models in which the exposure of some constituents of Kapoeta to energetic particles occurred at an earlier time, as is indicated by Ne-21 measurements. However, from our data we conclude that insubstantial quantities of cosmogenic radionuclides were inherited from this earlier irradiation; this earlier exposure to energetic particles must have predated the recent exposure by at least similar to 10 Ma to allow for the decay of the long half-life cosmogenic radionuclides. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Environm Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Caffee, MW (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Environm Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 36 IS 3 BP 429 EP 437 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 417JQ UT WOS:000167832200010 ER PT J AU Kao, C Rudisser, S Zheng, MX AF Kao, C Rudisser, S Zheng, MX TI A simple and efficient method to transcribe RNAs with reduced 3 ' heterogeneity SO METHODS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE; PURIFICATION; DNA; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; TEMPLATES AB Ribose C2 ' methoxy groups (-OCH3) on the penultimate nucleotide or the last two nucleotides of DNA templates can dramatically improve the quality of transcripts produced by T7 RNA polymerase. This strategy can be adapted to generate transcripts of varying lengths and will allow greater ease in purification of the products. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Struct Biol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kao, C (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM10840] NR 19 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD MAR PY 2001 VL 23 IS 3 BP 201 EP 205 DI 10.1006/meth.2000.1131 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 425YH UT WOS:000168318900002 PM 11243833 ER PT J AU Joy, DC AF Joy, DC TI Fundamental constants for quantitative X-ray microanalysis SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Topical Symposium of the Microbeam-Analysis-Society CY AUG 01-05, 1999 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Microbeam Anal Soc DE X-ray microanalysis; electron stopping power; ionization cross-section; fluorescent yield; backscatter yield ID STOPPING POWER; LOW ENERGIES; ELECTRONS; IONIZATION AB Quantitative X-ray microanalysis requires the use of many fundamental constants related to the interaction of the electron beam with the sample. The current state of our knowledge of such constants in the particular areas of electron stopping power, X-ray ionization cross-sections, X-ray fluorescence yield, and the electron backscattering yield, is examined. It is found that, in every case, the quality and quantity of data available is poor, and that there are major gaps remaining to be filled. C1 Univ Tennessee, Sci & Engn Res Facil, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Joy, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Sci & Engn Res Facil, 1414 Circle Dr,Room 232, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 159 EP 167 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 441BM UT WOS:000169211200009 ER PT J AU Kishino, H Thorne, JL Bruno, WJ AF Kishino, H Thorne, JL Bruno, WJ TI Performance of a divergence time estimation method under a probabilistic model of rate evolution SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE molecular clock; phylogeny; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Metropolis-Hastings algorithm ID MOLECULAR CLOCKS; DATES; SEQUENCES; DNA AB Rates of molecular evolution vary over time and, hence, among lineages. In contrast, widely used methods for estimating divergence times from molecular sequence data assume constancy of rates. Therefore, methods for estimation of divergence times that incorporate rate variation are attractive. Improvements on a previously proposed Bayesian technique for divergence time estimation are described. New parameterization more effectively captures the phylogenetic structure of rate evolution on a tree. Fossil information and other evidence can now be included in Bayesian analyses in the form of constraints on divergence times. Simulation results demonstrate that the accuracy of divergence time estimation is substantially enhanced when constraints are included. C1 Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Lab Biometr, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Program Stat Genet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Kishino, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Lab Biometr, Bunkyo Ku, Yayoi 1-1-1, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45344] NR 16 TC 418 Z9 430 U1 1 U2 15 PU SOC MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EVOLUTION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0737-4038 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 18 IS 3 BP 352 EP 361 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 407TF UT WOS:000167286300008 PM 11230536 ER PT J AU Popowski, P AF Popowski, P TI Harmonizing the RR Lyrae and clump distance scales - stretching the short distance scale to intermediate ranges? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars : horizontal branch; stars : variables : other; dust, extinction; Galaxy : bulge; Magellanic Clouds; distance scale ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; RED GIANT CLUMP; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; CEPHEID DISTANCE; BAADES-WINDOW; METALLICITY; LUMINOSITY; HIPPARCOS AB I explore the consequences of making the RR Lyrae and clump giant distance scales consistent in the solar neighbourhood, Galactic bulge and Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). I employ two major assumptions: (i) that the absolute magnitude-metallicity, M-V(RR)-[Fe/H], relation for RR Lyrae stars is universal, and (ii) that absolute I magnitudes of clump giants, M-I(RC), in Baade's Window are known (e.g. can be inferred from the local Hipparcos-based calibration or theoretical modelling). A comparison between the solar neighbourhood and Baade's Window sets M-V(RR) at [Fe/H] = -1.6 in the range (0.59 +/- 0.05, 0.70 +/- 0.05), somewhat brighter than the statistical parallax solution. More luminous RR Lyrae stars imply younger globular clusters, which would be in better agreement with the conclusions from the currently favoured stellar evolution and cosmological models. A comparison between Baade's Window and the LMC sets M-I(LMC)(RC) in the range (-0.33 +/- 0.09, -0.53 +/- 0.09). The distance modulus to the LMC is mu (LMC) is an element of (18.24 +/- 0.08, 18.44 +/- 0.07). Unlike M-I(LMC)(RC), this range in mu (LMC) does not depend on the adopted value of the dereddened LMC clump magnitude, I-0(LMC)(RC). I argue that the currently available information is insufficient to select the correct distance scale with high confidence. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Popowski, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, L-413,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 321 IS 3 BP 502 EP 506 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04046.x PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 413UE UT WOS:000167629600013 ER PT J AU Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, DR Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Charles, PA Cook, KH Drake, AJ Freeman, KC Geha, M Griest, K Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL McGowan, KE Minniti, D Nelson, CA Peterson, BA Popowski, P Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Tomaney, AB Vandehei, T Welch, DL AF Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, DR Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Charles, PA Cook, KH Drake, AJ Freeman, KC Geha, M Griest, K Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL McGowan, KE Minniti, D Nelson, CA Peterson, BA Popowski, P Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Tomaney, AB Vandehei, T Welch, DL TI A 421-d activity cycle in the BeX recurrent transient A0538-66 from MACHO monitoring SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries : close; stars : individual : A0538-66; X-rays : stars ID X-RAY TRANSIENTS; OPTICAL COUNTERPART; SPACED DATA; LONG-TERM; VARIABILITY; PHOTOMETRY; 4U-1630-47; BINARY; ORBIT AB We present a similar to5-yr optical light curve of the recurrent Be/X-ray transient A0538-66 obtained as a by-product of the MACHO Project. These data reveal both a long-term modulation at P=420.8 +/-0.8 d and a short-term modulation at 16.6510 +/-0.0022 d which, within errors, confirms the previously found orbital period. Furthermore, the orbital activity is only seen at certain phases of the 421-d cycle, suggesting that the long-term modulation is related to variations in the Be star envelope. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Supercomp Facil, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Oxford, Nucl Phys Lab, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 90064 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago 22, Chile. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Alcock, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985 NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 321 IS 4 BP 678 EP 684 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04041.x PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 413UG UT WOS:000167629700008 ER PT J AU Heddle, JA Knize, MG Dawod, D Zhang, XB AF Heddle, JA Knize, MG Dawod, D Zhang, XB TI A test of the mutagenicity of cooked meats in vivo SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID LACI TRANSGENIC MICE; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; IN-VIVO; SOMATIC MUTATION; SMALL-INTESTINE; STEM-CELLS; CANCER; CARCINOGENICITY; COLON; FOOD AB There is a correlation between intestinal cancer and diets high in meat, so fried beef, chicken, lamb, pork and fish were tested for their ability to induce mutations in the small intestine of mice, The mice were bred to be heterozygous at the Dlb-1 locus so that loss of the dominant Dlb-1(b) allele by mutation could be detected, Mice were fed the AIN-76A diet (which contains 50% of the calories in the form of sucrose) or an isocaloric diet in which the sucrose was replaced by meat or fish, for 5 or 9 weeks, Manifestation of mutants requires similar to1 week in this system, so this corresponds to an effective exposure of 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, There was no significant difference in the weights of animals on the different diets, and no difference in mutant frequency. Several food mutagens were present, but at low levels. These results, when considered in the light of tests of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine and amino(alpha )carboline at much higher doses (Zhang,X,-B, Tao,K.S,, Urlando,C., Shaver-Walker,P, and Heddle,J,A, (1996) Mutagenesis, 11, 43-48), indicate that there is no highly mutagenic compound missed by previous testing with bacterial assays and that mixtures of heterocyclic amines at low levels do not show great synergy. C1 York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1J3, Canada. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Apotex Pharmaceut, Weston, ON M9L 1T9, Canada. RP Heddle, JA (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1J3, Canada. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 55861] NR 35 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 103 EP 107 DI 10.1093/mutage/16.2.103 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 406WY UT WOS:000167240200002 PM 11230550 ER PT J AU Firestone, MA Williams, DE Seifert, S Csencsits, R AF Firestone, MA Williams, DE Seifert, S Csencsits, R TI Nanoparticle arrays formed by spatial compartmentalization in a complex fluid SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GOLD NANOCRYSTALS; SELF-ORGANIZATION; COLLOIDAL SILVER; SUPERLATTICES; METAL; DEPOSITION; SCATTERING; SYSTEMS AB A mesoscopically ordered lamellar gel phase of a polymer-grafted, lipid-based complex fluid is used as a scaffolding to spatially organize inorganic nanoparticles. The complex fluid provides both a highly anisotropic environment and a segregated aqueous and organic domains in which inorganic nanoparticles can be selectively placed by tailoring their size and surface characteristics. Three types of silver nanoparticles underivatized, surfactant-stabilized, and dodecanthiol-derivatized-were evaluated. Comparison of the surface plasmon resonance of the various silver particles dispersed in conventional solvents to those contained within the complex fluid was used to determine the region of spatial localization in the lamellar gel phase. Silver particles rendered hydrophobic by capping with an alkane thiol insert into the hydrocarbon bilayer region. Surfactant-stabilized and underivatized silver nanoparticles reside in the aqueous channels, with the latter particles preferentially interacting with the grafted PEG chains/charged membrane interface region. Interparticle interaction between encapsulated hydrophilic silver particles can be enhanced by increasing the number of PEG repeat units (i.e., the length of the lipid-appended polymer). Examination of the X-ray diffraction profiles indicates that the gel-phase structure of the complex fluid is preserved upon introduction of all three types of nanoparticles. Guinler analysis of the low-q SAXS data for the intercalated silver yields particle sizes that are in good agreement with those determined by TEM prior to introduction, indicating that they remain as nonaggregated, discrete nanoparticles, These results not only demonstrate the use of complex fluids as a matrix in which to produce periodic arrays of encapsulated nanoparticle guests, but also suggest the possibility of employing them to modulate interactions between guests and, hence, their optical and electronic properties. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 1 IS 3 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1021/nl0155025 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 519CW UT WOS:000173708200007 ER PT J AU Wu, AT Koshizuka, N AF Wu, AT Koshizuka, N TI Nanostructures fabricated on the as-prepared surfaces of NdBa2Cu3Oy high temperature superconductors using a scanning tunnelling microscope SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ND1BA2CU3OY SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS AB Various nanostructures of both convex and concave shapes have been successfully fabricated on newly discovered stable surfaces of NdBa2Cu3Oy, (Nd123) single crystals and thin films by means of the tip of an ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) at room temperature. It is also demonstrated that the materials on the surfaces of Nd123 thin films can be removed gradually using an STM tip milling technique. Possible mechanisms responsible for the fabrication processes are discussed. From these preliminary results, we suggest that many other microscopic or macroscopic modification and patterning processes may be performed on the as-prepared surfaces of Nd123 high-temperature superconductors using scanning probe microscopes. C1 Int Superconduct Technol Ctr, Superconduct Res Lab, Koto Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. RP Wu, AT (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, MS58,12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 12 IS 1 BP 80 EP 83 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/12/1/314 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 420BB UT WOS:000167983100015 ER PT J AU Yang, JW Nagavarapu, U Relloma, K Sjaastad, MD Moss, WC Passaniti, A Herron, GS AF Yang, JW Nagavarapu, U Relloma, K Sjaastad, MD Moss, WC Passaniti, A Herron, GS TI Telomerized human microvasculature is functional in vivo SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIAL-CELL LINE; GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN SKIN; VASCULOGENIC MIMICRY; PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VIVO; ANGIOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; TISSUE; NEOVASCULARIZATION AB Previously we showed the superior in vitro survival of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)transduced human endothelial cells (EC). Here we show that retroviral-mediated transduction of hTERT in human dermal microvascular EC (HDMEC) results in cell lines that form microvascular structures when subcutaneously implanted in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Anti-human type IV collagen basement membrane immunoreactivity and visualization of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)labeled microvessels confirmed the human origin of these capillaries. No human vasculature was observed after implantation of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells, 293 human embryonic kidney cells, or human skin fibroblasts. Intravascular red fluorescent microspheres injected into host circulation were found within green "telomerized" microvessels, indicating functional murine-human vessel anastamoses. Whereas primary HDMEC-derived vessel density decreased with time, telomerized HDMEC maintained durable vessels six weeks after xenografting. Modulation of implant vessel density by exposure to different angiogenic and angiostatic factors demonstrated the utility of this system for the study of human microvascular remodeling in vivo. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Mol Med Res Inst, Mt View, CA 94043 USA. Universal Imaging Corp, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Herron, GS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI22511]; NIAMS NIH HHS [P0-1 AR44012] NR 41 TC 113 Z9 121 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 3 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1038/85655 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 407QW UT WOS:000167283100020 PM 11231553 ER PT J AU Liu, YS Gotte, G Libonati, M Eisenberg, D AF Liu, YS Gotte, G Libonati, M Eisenberg, D TI A domain-swapped RNase A dimer with implications for amyloid formation SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBONUCLEASE-A; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; GLUTAMINE REPEATS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; IN-VITRO; PROTEIN; RESOLUTION; COMPLEX; MODEL AB Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) forms two types of dimers (a major and a minor component) upon concentration in mild acid. These two dimers exhibit different biophysical and biochemical properties. Earlier we reported that the minor dimer forms by swapping its N-terminal. alpha -helix with that of an identical molecule. Here we find that the major dimer forms by swapping its C-terminal beta -strand, thus revealing the first example of three-dimensional (3D) domain swapping taking place in different parts of the same protein. This feature permits RNase A to form tightly bonded higher oligomers. The hinge loop of the major dimer, connecting the swapped beta -strand to the protein core, resembles a short segment of the polar zipper proposed by Perutz and suggests a model for aggregate formation by 3D domain swapping with a polar zipper. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Dept Chem & Biochem & Biol Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Verona, Dept Neurol Sci, Biol Chem Sect, I-37100 Verona, Italy. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Dept Chem & Biochem & Biol Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Gotte, Giovanni/0000-0003-3179-7158 NR 30 TC 228 Z9 231 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1038/84941 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 405VB UT WOS:000167180300011 PM 11224563 ER PT J AU Budinger, TF AF Budinger, TF TI Imaging transgenic animals in Alzheimer's research SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 2 MA 31 BP 338 EP 339 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 405HW UT WOS:000167154800049 ER PT J AU Budinger, TF Shepkin, VD Brennan, KM AF Budinger, TF Shepkin, VD Brennan, KM TI N-acetylaspartate is a surrogate for neuronal health and not neuronal life or death SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 2 MA 38 BP 340 EP 340 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 405HW UT WOS:000167154800056 ER PT J AU Sanchez, R Newman, DE Carreras, BA AF Sanchez, R Newman, DE Carreras, BA TI Mixed SOC diffusive dynamics as a paradigm for transport in fusion devices SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; INTERMITTENCY; CRITICALITY; TURBULENCE; AVALANCHES; SANDPILES; MODEL AB A recently proposed paradigm for understanding turbulent transport dynamics in magnetically confined plasmas, based on the concept of self-organized criticality (SOC), is extended to include the interplay among the many transport mechanisms existing in real plasmas. This extended model might shed some light on the experimentally observed violation at fluctuation scales of the scale invariance condition inherent to the standard SOC model. At the same time, it might provide new experimental tests that could help to validate the possible relevance of the SOC model for understanding turbulent plasma dynamics; since some computations based on a cellular automata realization of such an extended model reveal a dramatic change in the dynamics, with the edge coming to play a dominant role. This might give some hints towards understanding the experimental fact relating good plasma core confinement to a good conditioning of the edge within an SOC paradigm. C1 Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Sanchez, R (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid, Spain. RI Sanchez, Raul/C-2328-2008 NR 21 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 247 EP 256 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/301 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500001 ER PT J AU Kawashima, H Sato, M Tsuzuki, K Miura, Y Isei, N Kimura, H Nakayama, T Abe, M Darrow, DS AF Kawashima, H Sato, M Tsuzuki, K Miura, Y Isei, N Kimura, H Nakayama, T Abe, M Darrow, DS CA JFT-2M Grp TI Demonstration of ripple reduction by ferritic steel board insertion in JFT-2M SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article AB In the JFT-2M tokamak, the application of low activation ferritic steels to plasmas has been investigated (the so-called Advanced Material Tokamak Experiment (AMTEX) programme). In the first stage, toroidal field ripple reduction was examined by ferritic steel boards (FBs) inserted between the toroidal field coils and the vacuum vessel. It is demonstrated that FB insertion reduced toroidal field ripple and the losses of fast ions produced by tangential co-NBI. By optimizing the FB thickness, such that fundamental mode ripple is minimized to 0.07% at the shoulder of the inside wall, ripple trapped loss is reduced to an almost negligible level. It is determined that the reductions of the fundamental mode ripple and the ripple banana diffusion coefficients at the shoulder are most effective in reducing ripple ion losses. Ripple loss reduction by FBs is also confirmed with perpendicular beam injection. The insertion of FBs causes no undesirable effects on plasma production and control. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Ku, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. Hitachi Ltd, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kawashima, H (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Ku, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. NR 20 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 257 EP 263 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/302 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500002 ER PT J AU Rice, JE Boivin, RL Bonoli, PT Goetz, JA Granetz, RS Greenwald, MJ Hutchinson, IH Marmar, ES Schilling, G Snipes, JA Wolfe, SM Wukitch, SJ Fiore, CL Irby, JH Mossessian, D Porkolab, M AF Rice, JE Boivin, RL Bonoli, PT Goetz, JA Granetz, RS Greenwald, MJ Hutchinson, IH Marmar, ES Schilling, G Snipes, JA Wolfe, SM Wukitch, SJ Fiore, CL Irby, JH Mossessian, D Porkolab, M TI Observations of impurity toroidal rotation suppression with ITB formation in ICRF and ohmic H mode Alcator C-Mod plasmas SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; TOKAMAK; CONFINEMENT; OPERATION AB Co-current central impurity toroidal rotation has been observed in Alcator C-Mod plasmas with on-axis ICRF heating. The rotation velocity increases with plasma stored energy and decreases with plasma current. Very similar behaviour has been seen during ohmic H modes, which suggests that the rotation, generated in the absence of an external momentum source. is not mainly an ICRF effect. A scan of ICRF resonance location across the plasma has been performed in order to investigate possible influences on the toroidal rotation. With a slight reduction of toroidal magnetic field from 4.7 to 4.5 T and a corresponding shift of the ICRF resonance from r/a = -0.36 to -0.48, the central toroidal rotation significantly decreased together with the formation of an internal transport barrier (ITB). During the ITB phase, electrons and impurities peaked continuously for \r/a\ less than or equal to 0.5. Comparison of the observed rotation and neoclassical predictions indicates that the core radial electric field changes from positive to negative during the ITB phase. Similar rotation suppression and ITB formation have been observed during some ohmic H mode discharges. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Rice, JE (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rice@psfc.mit.edu RI Hutchinson, Ian/D-1136-2009; OI Hutchinson, Ian/0000-0003-4276-6576; Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X NR 31 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 8 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/304 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500004 ER PT J AU Lao, LL Kamada, Y Oikawa, T Baylor, LR Burrell, KH Chan, VS Chance, MS Chu, MS Ferron, JR Fukuda, T Hatae, T Isayama, A Jackson, GJ Leonard, AW Makowski, MA Manickam, J Murakami, M Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Snyder, PB Strait, EJ Takeji, S Takizuka, T Taylor, TS Turnbull, AD Tsuchiya, K Wade, MR AF Lao, LL Kamada, Y Oikawa, T Baylor, LR Burrell, KH Chan, VS Chance, MS Chu, MS Ferron, JR Fukuda, T Hatae, T Isayama, A Jackson, GJ Leonard, AW Makowski, MA Manickam, J Murakami, M Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Snyder, PB Strait, EJ Takeji, S Takizuka, T Taylor, TS Turnbull, AD Tsuchiya, K Wade, MR TI Dependence of edge stability on plasma shape and local pressure gradients in the DIII-D and JT-60U tokamaks SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PROFILES AB The dependence of edge stability on plasma shape and local pressure gradients P' in the DIII-D and JT-60U tokamaks is studied. The stronger plasma shaping in DIII-D allows the edge region of DIII-D discharges with type I (giant) ELMs to have access to the second region of stability for ideal ballooning modes and a larger edge pedestal pressure gradient P' than JT-60U type I ELM discharges. These JT-60U discharges are near the ballooning mode first regime stability limit. The DIII-D results support an ideal stability based working model of type I ELMs as low to intermediate toroidal mode number, n, MHD modes. The results from a stability analysis of JT-60U type I ELM discharges indicate that the predictions of this model are also consistent with JT-60U edge stability observations. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Lao, LL (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. OI Baylor, Larry/0000-0002-0325-7771 NR 13 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/306 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500006 ER PT J AU Murakami, M McKee, GR Jackson, GL Staebler, GM Alexander, DA Baker, DR Bateman, G Baylor, LR Boedo, JA Brooks, NH Burrell, KH Cary, JR Cohen, RH Colchin, RJ DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Ernst, DR Evans, TE Fenzi, C Greenfield, CM Greenwood, DE Groebner, RJ Hogan, JT Houlberg, WA Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Jernigan, TC Jong, RA Kinsey, JE Kritz, AH La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Makowski, MA Mandrekas, J Messiaen, AM Moyer, RA Ongena, J Pankin, A Petrie, TW Petty, CC Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Ross, DW Rost, JC Shasharina, SG St John, HE Stacey, WM Strand, PI Sydora, RD Taylor, TS Thomas, DM Wade, MR Waltz, RE West, WP Wong, KL Zeng, L AF Murakami, M McKee, GR Jackson, GL Staebler, GM Alexander, DA Baker, DR Bateman, G Baylor, LR Boedo, JA Brooks, NH Burrell, KH Cary, JR Cohen, RH Colchin, RJ DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Ernst, DR Evans, TE Fenzi, C Greenfield, CM Greenwood, DE Groebner, RJ Hogan, JT Houlberg, WA Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Jernigan, TC Jong, RA Kinsey, JE Kritz, AH La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Makowski, MA Mandrekas, J Messiaen, AM Moyer, RA Ongena, J Pankin, A Petrie, TW Petty, CC Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Ross, DW Rost, JC Shasharina, SG St John, HE Stacey, WM Strand, PI Sydora, RD Taylor, TS Thomas, DM Wade, MR Waltz, RE West, WP Wong, KL Zeng, L CA DIII-D Team TI Physics of confinement improvement of plasmas with impurity injection in DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID RADIAL ELECTRIC-FIELD; FINITE ASPECT RATIO; D TOKAMAK; TRANSPORT; TURBULENCE; SHEAR; SUPPRESSION; MODEL; DISCHARGES; DEVICES AB External impurity injection into L mode edge discharges in DIII-D has produced clear confinement improvement (a factor of 2 in energy confinement and neutron emission), reduction in all transport channels (particularly ion thermal diffusivity to the neoclassical level), and simultaneous reduction of long wavelength turbulence. Suppression of the long wavelength turbulence and transport reduction are attributed to synergistic effects of impurity induced enhancement of E x B shearing rate and reduction of toroidal drift wave turbulence growth rate. A prompt reduction of density fluctuations and local transport at the beginning of impurity injection appears to result from an increased gradient of toroidal rotation enhancing the E x B shearing. Transport simulations carried out using the National Transport Code Collaboration demonstration code with a gyro-landau fluid model: GLF23, indicate that E x B shearing suppression is the dominant transport suppression mechanism. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. KMS ERM, Brussels, Belgium. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Murakami, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010 OI Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809 NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/309 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500009 ER PT J AU Pomphrey, N Berry, L Boozer, A Brooks, A Hatcher, RE Hirshman, SP Ku, LP Miner, WH Mynick, HE Reiersen, W Strickler, DJ Valanju, PM AF Pomphrey, N Berry, L Boozer, A Brooks, A Hatcher, RE Hirshman, SP Ku, LP Miner, WH Mynick, HE Reiersen, W Strickler, DJ Valanju, PM TI Innovations in compact stellarator coil design SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID OPTIMIZATION AB Experimental devices for the study of the physics of high beta (beta greater than or similar to 4%); low aspect ratio (A less than or similar to 4.5) stellarator plasmas require coils that will produce plasmas satisfying a set of physics goals, provide experimental flexibility and be practical to construct. In the course of designing a flexible coil set for the National Compact Stellarator Experiment, several innovations have been made that may be useful in future stellarator design efforts. These include: the use of singular value decomposition methods for obtaining families of smooth current potentials on distant coil winding surfaces from which low current density solutions may be identified; the use of a control matrix method for identifying which few of the many detailed elements of a stellarator boundary must be targeted if a coil set is to provide fields to control the essential physics of the plasma; the use of a genetic algorithm for choosing an optimal set of discrete coils from a continuum of potential contours; the evaluation of alternate coil topologies for balancing the trade-off between physics objectives and engineering constraints; the development of a new coil optimization code for designing modular coils and the identification of a 'natural' basis for describing current sheet distributions. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Pomphrey, N (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI pomphrey, neil/G-4405-2010 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/3/312 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 449JY UT WOS:000169682500012 ER PT J AU Wang, JG Zhang, SY AF Wang, JG Zhang, SY TI Measurement of coupling impedance of accelerator devices with the wire-method SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE coupling impedance; collective instability; particle accelerator; wire method; scattering coefficient; matching AB A new formula to calculate the coupling impedance of accelerator components from measurements with the wire-method has been developed. The application of the formula is illustrated with experimental examples. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS, 701 Scarboro Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 3 BP 381 EP 389 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01024-X PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 408AT UT WOS:000167304900001 ER PT J AU Falletto, N Authier, M Baylac, M Boyer, M Bugeon, F Burtin, E Cavata, C Colombel, N Congretel, G Coquillard, R Coulloux, G Couzy, B Deck, P Delbart, A Desforges, D Donati, A Duboue, B Escoffier, S Farci, F Frois, B Girardot, P Guillotau, J Henriot, C Jeanney, C Juillard, M Jorda, JP Legou, P Lhuillier, D Lussignol, Y Mangeot, P Martin, X Marie, F Martino, J Maurier, M Mazeau, B Millot, JF Molinie, F Mols, JP Mouly, JP Mur, M Neyret, D Pedrol, T Platchkov, S Pontet, G Pussieux, T Queinec, Y Rebourgeard, P Sellier, JC Tarte, G Veyssiere, C Zakarian, A Bertin, P Cosquer, A Chen, JP Mitchell, J Mackowski, JM Pinard, L AF Falletto, N Authier, M Baylac, M Boyer, M Bugeon, F Burtin, E Cavata, C Colombel, N Congretel, G Coquillard, R Coulloux, G Couzy, B Deck, P Delbart, A Desforges, D Donati, A Duboue, B Escoffier, S Farci, F Frois, B Girardot, P Guillotau, J Henriot, C Jeanney, C Juillard, M Jorda, JP Legou, P Lhuillier, D Lussignol, Y Mangeot, P Martin, X Marie, F Martino, J Maurier, M Mazeau, B Millot, JF Molinie, F Mols, JP Mouly, JP Mur, M Neyret, D Pedrol, T Platchkov, S Pontet, G Pussieux, T Queinec, Y Rebourgeard, P Sellier, JC Tarte, G Veyssiere, C Zakarian, A Bertin, P Cosquer, A Chen, JP Mitchell, J Mackowski, JM Pinard, L TI Compton scattering off polarized electrons with a high-finesse Fabry-Perot Cavity at JLab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID POLARIMETER AB We built and commissioned a new type of Compton polarimeter to measure the electron beam polarization at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Virginia, USA). The heart of this polarimeter is a high-finesse monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity. Its purpose is to amplify a primary 300 mW laser beam in order to improve the signal to noise ratio of the polarimeter. It is the first time that a high-finesse Fabry-Perot cavity is enclosed in the vacuum of a particle accelerator to monitor the beam polarization by Compton polarimetry. The measured finesse and amplification gain of the cavity are F = 26 000 and G = 7300. The electron beam crosses this high-power photon source at an angle of 23 mrad in the middle of the cavity where the photon beam power density is estimated to be 0.85 MW/cm(2). We have used this facility during the HAPPEX experiment (April-July 1999) and we give a preliminary measurement of Compton scattering asymmetry. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEA Saclay, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. LPC, IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Lyon 1, IPNL, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RP Delbart, A (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RI CAVATA, Christian/P-6496-2015; OI Jorda, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-0216-591X NR 13 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 3 BP 412 EP 425 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01049-4 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 408AT UT WOS:000167304900004 ER PT J AU Schmid, GJ Beckedahl, DA Kammeraad, JE Blair, JJ Vetter, K Kuhn, A AF Schmid, GJ Beckedahl, DA Kammeraad, JE Blair, JJ Vetter, K Kuhn, A TI Gamma-ray Compton camera imaging with a segmented HPGe SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray imaging; segmented HPGe; Compton camera ID GERMANIUM DETECTORS; RESOLUTION; SCATTERING; ALGORITHM AB In this paper, we investigate our concept to develop a gamma -ray Compton camera out of a single coaxial High Purity Germanium (HPCc) detector. The imaging properties of the HPGe can be realized by way of a segmented outer contact and digital pulse-shape analysis. Limiting factors in performance will be related to the intrinsic electron momentum in Ge and the noise in the preamplifier JFETs. In addition to discussing these issues, we will present experimental and theoretical imaging studies that we have done using an existing segmented HPGe: the GRETA prototype detector at LBNL. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Bechtel Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89130 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schmid, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 3 BP 565 EP 576 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01028-7 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 408AT UT WOS:000167304900019 ER PT J AU Szelecsenyi, F Tarkanyi, F Takacs, S Hermanne, A Sonck, M Shubin, Y Mustafa, MG Zhuang, YX AF Szelecsenyi, F Tarkanyi, F Takacs, S Hermanne, A Sonck, M Shubin, Y Mustafa, MG Zhuang, YX TI Excitation function for the Ti-nat(p, x)V-48 nuclear process: Evaluation and new measurements for practical applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE titanium target; protons; cross-section; Ti-nat(p,x)V-48 process; monitor reaction; model calculations; V-48 production; wear measurement; recommended values ID PROTON-INDUCED REACTIONS; CROSS-SECTION DATA; ENERGY-RANGE; ELEMENTS 6-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-Z-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-29; NUCLIDE PRODUCTION; DATA-BASE; NICKEL; BOMBARDMENT; ACTIVATION; ISOTOPES AB In order to supply accurate databases for different practical purposes such as proton beam energy monitoring, V-48 radioisotope production, nuclear analytical applications and nuclear wear measurements, we have evaluated the cross-sections of the Ti-nat(p, x)V-48 nuclear process up to 50 MeV. Since the preliminary overview of the status of the cross-section data showed that there are discrepancies between the literature results, we performed detailed cross-section measurements up to 18 MeV. The selected literature data and our new experimental values were also compared with the predictions of different model calculations. Recommended cross-sections and thick target yield databases up to 50 MeV were developed for practical applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, ATOMKI, Cyclotron Dept, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Free Univ Brussels, Cyclotron Dept, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. Obninsk Phys & Power Engn Inst, Obninsk 249020, Russia. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, China Nucl Data Ctr, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China. RP Szelecsenyi, F (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, ATOMKI, Cyclotron Dept, POB 51,Bem Ter 18-C, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. NR 78 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 2001 VL 174 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00516-4 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407FD UT WOS:000167260800007 ER PT J AU Ren, XT Huang, MB Amadon, S Lanford, WA Paliza, MAM Feldman, LC AF Ren, XT Huang, MB Amadon, S Lanford, WA Paliza, MAM Feldman, LC TI Ion beam measurements of Sn/In ratios in indium tin oxide films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE PIXE; high-resolution Rutherford backscattering; indium tin oxide (ITO) film; Sn/In ratio AB Ion beam techniques have been applied to determine the tin-to-indium ratio in indium tin oxide (ITO) films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD). Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and high-resolution Rutherford backscattering (HRRBS) using a magnetic spectrometer were carried out on various ITO samples. Both techniques agreed within experimental errors. This work suggests that PIXE and HRRBS are applicable for analysis of high-Z elements in thin films, providing valuable information for material synthesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Albany, Dept Phys, Albany, NY 12222 USA. SUNY Albany, Accelerator Lab, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Peking Univ, Inst Heavy Ion Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Huang, MB (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Phys, Albany, NY 12222 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 2001 VL 174 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00437-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407FD UT WOS:000167260800023 ER PT J AU Creutz, M AF Creutz, M TI Lattice gauge theory: A retrospective SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID FIELDS AB I discuss some of the historical circumstances that drove us to use the lattice as a non-perturbative regulator. This approach has had immense success, convincingly demonstrating quark confinement and obtaining crucial properties of the strong interactions from first principles. I wrap up with some challenges for the future. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Creutz, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 219 EP 226 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00958-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000020 ER PT J AU Lee, FX AF Lee, FX CA Lattice Hadron Physics Collaborati TI N* mass spectrum from an anisotropic action SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID LATTICE; BARYONS AB Results are reported for N* masses in the 1/2+ and 1/2- sectors on an anisotropic lattice. The gauge action is the usual plaquette plus rectangle type, the quark action is of the D234 type, both having tadpole-improved tree-level coefficients. Clear splittings from the nucleon ground state are observed with smeared operators and 500 configurations. The first excited states in each channel are further isolated, using a correlation matrix and the variational method. The basic pattern of these splittings is consistent with experimental observations. C1 George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nucl Studies, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Lee, FX (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nucl Studies, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 251 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00969-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000026 ER PT J AU Richards, DG AF Richards, DG CA LHPC & UKQCD collaborations TI N* spectrum using an O(a) improved fermion action SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID QCD AB The construction of operators and calculational methods for the determination of the N* spectrum are discussed. The masses of the parity partners of the nucleon and delta are computed from the O(a)-improved data of the UKQCD Collaboration, and a clear splitting observed between the mass of the nucleon and its parity partner. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Richards, DG (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, MS 12H2,1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 9 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 269 EP 272 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00973-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000030 ER PT J AU Wingate, M AF Wingate, M TI Light hadronic physics using domain wall fermions in quenched lattice QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA AB In the past year domain wall fermion simulations have moved from exploratory stages to the point where systematic effects can be studied with different gauge couplings, volumes, and lengths in the fifth dimension. Results are presented here for the chiral condensate, the light hadron spectrum, and the strange quark mass. We focus especially on the pseudoscalar meson mass and show that, in small volume, the correlators used to compute it can be contaminated to different degrees by topological zero modes. In large volume a nonlinear extrapolation to the chiral limit, e.g. as expected from quenched chiral perturbation theory, is needed in order to have a consistent picture of low energy chiral symmetry breaking effects. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wingate, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Wingate, Matthew/0000-0001-6568-988X NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00931-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000032 ER PT J AU Blum, T AF Blum, T CA RBC collaboration TI K -> pi pi decays with domain wall fermions: Lattice matrix elements SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA AB We present a lattice calculation of the K --> pi and K --> 0 matrix elements of the DeltaS = 1 effective weak Hamiltonian which can be used to determine epsilon '/epsilon and the DeltaI = 1/2 rule for K decays in the Standard Model. The matrix elements for K --> pi pi decays are related to K --> pi and K --> 0 using lowest order chiral perturbation theory. We also present results for the kaon B parameter, B-K. Our quenched domain wall fermion simulation was done at beta = 6.0 (a(-1) approximate to 2 GeV), lattice size 16(3) x 32 x 16, and domain wall height M-5 = 1.8. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Blum, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 291 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00937-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000035 ER PT J AU Blum, T Ohta, S Sasaki, S AF Blum, T Ohta, S Sasaki, S TI Domain wall fermion calculation of nucleon g(A)/g(V) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID LATTICE QCD; PROTON AB We present a preliminary domain-wall fermion lattice-QCD calculation of isovector vector and axial charges, g(V) and g(A), of the nucleon. Since the lattice renormalizations, Z(V) and Z(A), of the currents are identical with DWF, the lattice ratio (g(A)/g(V))(lattice) directly yields the continuum value. Indeed Z(V) determined from the matrix element of the vector current agrees closely with Z(A) from a non-perturbative renormalization study of quark bilinears. We also obtain spin related quantities Deltaq/g(V) and deltaq/g(V). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Blum, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 295 EP 298 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00938-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000036 ER PT J AU Dolgov, D Brower, R Capitani, S Negele, JW Pochinsky, A Renner, D Eicker, N Lippert, T Schilling, K Edwards, RG Heller, UM AF Dolgov, D Brower, R Capitani, S Negele, JW Pochinsky, A Renner, D Eicker, N Lippert, T Schilling, K Edwards, RG Heller, UM TI Moments of structure functions in full QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID DYNAMICAL WILSON FERMIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; IMPROVED LATTICE QCD; 2ND MOMENT; NUCLEON AB Moments of the quark density distribution, moments of the quark helicity distribution, and the tensor charge are calculated in full QCD. Calculations of matrix elements of operators from the operator product expansion have been performed on 16(3) x 32 lattices for Wilson fermions at beta = 5.6 using configurations from the SESAM collaboration and at beta = 5.5 using configurations from SCRI. One-loop perturbative renormalization corrections are included. Selected results are compared with corresponding quenched calculations and with calculations using cooled configurations. C1 MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Florida State Univ, CSIT, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Dolgov, D (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Heller, Urs M./0000-0002-2780-5584 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 303 EP 306 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00943-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000038 ER PT J AU Gockeler, M Hehl, H Rakow, PEL Schafer, A Soldner, W Wettig, T AF Gockeler, M Hehl, H Rakow, PEL Schafer, A Soldner, W Wettig, T TI Dirac eigenvalues and eigenvectors at finite temperature SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID RANDOM-MATRIX THEORY; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY; THOULESS ENERGY; QCD; OPERATOR; SYMMETRY; SPECTRUM; PHASE AB We investigate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the staggered Dirac operator in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition of quenched SU(3) lattice gauge theory. We consider both the global features of the spectrum and the local correlations. In the chirally symmetric phase, the local correlations in the bulk of the spectrum are still described by random matrix theory, and we investigate the dependence of the bulk Thouless energy on the simulation parameters. At and above the critical point, the properties of the low-lying Dirac eigenvalues depend on the Z(3)-phase of the Polyakov loop. In the real phase, they are no longer described by chiral random matrix theory. We also investigate the localization properties of the Dirac eigenvectors in the different Z(3)-phases. C1 Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Yale Univ, Ctr Theoret Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. EM meinulf.goeckeler@physik.uni-regensburg.de; tilo.wettig@yale.edu NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 402 EP 406 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00985-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000061 ER PT J AU Hands, SJ Kogut, JB Morrison, SE Sinclair, DK AF Hands, SJ Kogut, JB Morrison, SE Sinclair, DK TI Two-colour QCD at finite fundamental quark-number density and related theories SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA AB We are simulating SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with four flavours of dynamical quarks in the fundamental representation of SU(2) 'colour' at finite chemical potential, mu for quark number, as a model for QCD at finite baryon number density. In particular we observe that for mu large enough this theory undergoes a phase transition to a state with a diquark condensate which breaks quark-number symmetry. In this phase we examine the spectrum of light scalar and pseudoscalar bosons and see evidence for the Goldstone boson associated with this spontaneous symmetry breaking. This theory is closely related to QCD at finite chemical potential for isospin, a theory which we are now studying for SU(3) colour. C1 Univ Wales, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hands, SJ (reprint author), Univ Wales, Dept Phys, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. OI Hands, Simon/0000-0001-5720-7852 NR 6 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)01006-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000074 ER PT J AU Juge, KJ AF Juge, KJ TI Two-loop perturbative quark mass renormalization from large beta Monte Carlo SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORY; FERMIONS AB We present the calculation of heavy Wilson quark mass renormalization constants from large beta Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations were performed at various beta larger than 9, each on several spatial lattice sizes to allow for an infinite volume extrapolation. We use twisted boundary conditions to suppress tunneling and work in Coulomb gauge with appropriate adjustments for the temporal links. The one-loop coefficient obtained from this method is in agreement with the analytical result and a preliminary result for the second order coefficient is reported. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Juge, KJ (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 584 EP 587 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00872-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000104 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R Lee, W AF Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R Lee, W TI Renormalization constants using quark states in fixed gauge SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID LATTICE; IMPROVEMENT; OPERATORS; MASSES AB We present a status report on our calculation of the renormalization constants for the quark bilinears in quenched O(a) improved Wilson theory at beta = 6.4 using quark states in Landau gauge. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bhattacharya, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013 OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 595 EP 598 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00874-X PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000106 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R Lee, WJ Sharpe, S AF Bhattacharya, T Gupta, R Lee, WJ Sharpe, S TI Improvement and renormalization constants in O(a) improved lattice QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; WILSON FERMIONS AB We present results at beta = 6.0 and 6.2 for the O(a) improvement and renormalization constants for bilinear operators using axial and vector Ward identities. We discuss the extraction of the mass dependence of the renormalization constants and the coefficients of the equation of motion operators. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bhattacharya, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B-285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013 OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 599 EP 602 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00935-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000107 ER PT J AU Dawson, C AF Dawson, C TI Non-perturbative renormalisation with domain wall fermions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID NONPERTURBATIVE RENORMALIZATION; LATTICE; OPERATORS AB We present results from a study of the renormalisation of both quark bilinear and four-quark operators for the domain wall fermion action, using the non-perturbative renormalisation technique of the Rome-Southampton group. These results are from a quenched simulation, on a 16(3) x 32 lattice, with beta = 6.0 and L-s = 16. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dawson, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 613 EP 616 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00975-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000110 ER PT J AU Edwards, RG Heller, UM AF Edwards, RG Heller, UM TI Exact chiral symmetry for domain wall fermions with finite L-s SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID DIRAC OPERATOR; GAUGE-THEORIES; LATTICE; OVERLAP; QUARKS AB We show how the standard domain wall action can be simply modified to allow arbitrarily exact chiral symmetry at finite fifth dimensional extent L-s. We note that the method can be used for both quenched and dynamical calculations. We test the method using smooth and thermalized gauge field configurations. We also make comparisons of the performance (cost) of the domain wall operator for spectroscopy compared to other methods such as the overlap-Dirac operator and find both methods are comparable in cost. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Florida State Univ, CSIT, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Edwards, RG (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave,MS 12H2, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Heller, Urs M./0000-0002-2780-5584 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 737 EP 740 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00905-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000137 ER PT J AU Jung, C Edwards, RG Ji, XD Gadiyak, V AF Jung, C Edwards, RG Ji, XD Gadiyak, V TI Residual chiral symmetry breaking in domain-wall fermions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA ID GAUGE-THEORIES; LATTICE QCD AB We study the effective quark mass induced by the finite separation of the domain walls in the domain-wall formulation of chiral fermion as the function of the size of the fifth dimension (L-s), the gauge coupling (beta) and the physical volume (V). We measure the mass by calculating the small eigenvalues of the hermitian domain-wall Dirac operator (H-DWF(m(0) = 1.8)) in the topologically-nontrivial quenched SU(3) gauge configurations. We find that the induced quark mass is nearly independent of the physical volume, decays exponentially as a function of L-s, and has a strong dependence on the size of quantum fluctuations controlled by beta. The effect of the choice of the lattice gluon action is also studied. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Jung, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 748 EP 751 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)00907-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000139 ER PT J AU Chen, D Christ, NH Cristian, C Dong, Z Gara, A Garg, K Joo, B Kim, C Levkova, L Liao, X Mawhinney, RD Ohta, S Wettig, T AF Chen, D Christ, NH Cristian, C Dong, Z Gara, A Garg, K Joo, B Kim, C Levkova, L Liao, X Mawhinney, RD Ohta, S Wettig, T TI QCDOC: A 10-teraflops scale computer for lattice QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory CY AUG 17-22, 2000 CL BANGALORE, INDIA AB The architecture of a new class of computers, optimized for lattice QCD calculations, is described. An individual node is based on a single integrated circuit, containing a PowerPC 32-bit integer processor with a 1 Gflops 64-bit IEEE floating point unit, 4 Mbyte of memory, 8 Gbit/sec nearest-neighbor communications and additional control and diagnostic circuitry. The machine's name, QCDOC, derives from "QCD On a Chip". C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM nhc@phys.columbia.edu; rdm@phys.columbia.edu; shigemi.ohta@kek.jp; tilo.wettig@yale.edu NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 825 EP 832 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)01014-3 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000155 ER PT J AU Bhanot, G Gottlieb, S Gupta, R Okawa, M Rapuano, F Mawhinney, R AF Bhanot, G Gottlieb, S Gupta, R Okawa, M Rapuano, F Mawhinney, R TI Panel discussion: Innovative approaches to high performance computing SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, GrpT8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Ist Fis G Marconi, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Bhanot, G (reprint author), IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 BP 854 EP 854 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(01)01018-0 PG 1 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 417CZ UT WOS:000167819000159 ER PT J AU Jensen, DA AF Jensen, DA CA KTeV Collaboration TI Weak radiative neutral hyperon decays in KTeV SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 27-30, 2000 CL VALENCIA, SPAIN AB The running of the KTeV experiment at FNAL has yielded large sample of neutral hyperons, particularly Lambda (0)s and Xi (0)s. Xi (0) decays also provide a sample of tagged Sigma (0)s. A large sample of about 4600 Xi (0) -> Sigma (0) + gamma events has been analyzed and the branching ratio and asymmetry have been measured. A sample of about 1100 Xi (0) -> Lambda+gamma decays is also being studied. A number of searches for rare radiative decays are being carried out. All of the samples of data have been improved by the recent running of the experiment during 1999 and we look forward to a significant improvement in the size of the sample of all of the hyperon decays. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Jensen, DA (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 93 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)01051-3 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PF UT WOS:000167447800009 ER PT J AU Di Pierro, M Eichten, E AF Di Pierro, M Eichten, E TI Hadronic decays of excited heavy mesons SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 27-30, 2000 CL VALENCIA, SPAIN AB We studied the hadronic decays of excited states of heavy mesons (D, D-s, B and B-s) to lighter states by emission of pi, eta or K. Wavefunctions and energy levels of these excited states are determined using a Dirac equation for the light quark in the potential generated by the heavy quark (including first order corrections in the heavy quark expansion). Transition amplitudes are computed in the context of the Heavy Chiral Quark Model. C1 Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Di Pierro, M (reprint author), Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 93 BP 130 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)01076-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PF UT WOS:000167447800034 ER PT J AU Adam, I Aleksan, R Aston, D Benkebil, M Bernard, D Bonneaud, G Brochard, F Brown, DN Bourgeois, P Chauveau, J Cohen-Tanugi, J Convery, M de Domenico, G de Lesquen, A Emery, S Ferrag, S Gaidot, A Geld, T de Monchenault, GH Hast, C Hoecker, A Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Lacker, H London, GW Lu, A Lutz, AM Lynch, G Mancinelli, G Martinez-Vidal, F Mayer, N Meadows, BT Muller, D Plaszczynski, S Pripstein, M Ratcliff, BN Roos, L Roussot, E Schune, MH Schwiening, J Shelkov, V Sokoloff, MD Spanier, S Stark, J Telnov, AV Thiebaux, C Vasileaidis, G Vasseur, G Va'vra, J Verderi, M Wenzel, WA Wilson, RJ Wormser, G Yeche, C Yellin, S Zito, M AF Adam, I Aleksan, R Aston, D Benkebil, M Bernard, D Bonneaud, G Brochard, F Brown, DN Bourgeois, P Chauveau, J Cohen-Tanugi, J Convery, M de Domenico, G de Lesquen, A Emery, S Ferrag, S Gaidot, A Geld, T de Monchenault, GH Hast, C Hoecker, A Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Lacker, H London, GW Lu, A Lutz, AM Lynch, G Mancinelli, G Martinez-Vidal, F Mayer, N Meadows, BT Muller, D Plaszczynski, S Pripstein, M Ratcliff, BN Roos, L Roussot, E Schune, MH Schwiening, J Shelkov, V Sokoloff, MD Spanier, S Stark, J Telnov, AV Thiebaux, C Vasileaidis, G Vasseur, G Va'vra, J Verderi, M Wenzel, WA Wilson, RJ Wormser, G Yeche, C Yellin, S Zito, M TI Particle identification using the DIRC in Ba(B)over-bar-ar SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 27-30, 2000 CL VALENCIA, SPAIN AB In the Ba (B) over bar ar experiment at SLAG a novel, compact, ring imaging detector was developed to accomplish the challenging task of identifying particles over a momentum range up to similar to4.3 GeV/c. The principles and operation are described. It has been in operation in Ba (B) over bar ar during the first year of data taking. Some of this data are presented to show how well it performs. Plans and future potential for this device are also outlined. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ecole Polytech, LPNHE, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Paris 11, LAL Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, F-75252 Paris 05, France. CE Saclay, SPP, DAPNIA, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Adam, I (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014 OI Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 93 BP 340 EP 343 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)01131-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PF UT WOS:000167447800076 ER PT J AU Grozis, C Kephart, R Stanek, R Kim, B Kim, DH Kim, SB Oh, Y Yu, I Carithers, W Kim, YK Anikeev, K Bauer, G Furic, IK Korn, A Kravchenko, I Mulhearn, M Paus, C Pavlon, S Sumorok, K Cabrera, S Rodrigo, T Ruiz, A Vila, I Chen, C Jones, M Kononenko, W Kroll, J Mayers, GM Newcomer, FM Usynin, D Van Berg, R Bellettini, G Cerri, C Menzione, A Depedis, D Dionisi, C Giagu, S Rescigno, M Zanello, L Kazama, A Kim, SH Matsunaga, H Motohashi, S Sato, K Takikawa, K Ukegawa, F AF Grozis, C Kephart, R Stanek, R Kim, B Kim, DH Kim, SB Oh, Y Yu, I Carithers, W Kim, YK Anikeev, K Bauer, G Furic, IK Korn, A Kravchenko, I Mulhearn, M Paus, C Pavlon, S Sumorok, K Cabrera, S Rodrigo, T Ruiz, A Vila, I Chen, C Jones, M Kononenko, W Kroll, J Mayers, GM Newcomer, FM Usynin, D Van Berg, R Bellettini, G Cerri, C Menzione, A Depedis, D Dionisi, C Giagu, S Rescigno, M Zanello, L Kazama, A Kim, SH Matsunaga, H Motohashi, S Sato, K Takikawa, K Ukegawa, F TI The time of flight detector at CDF SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 27-30, 2000 CL VALENCIA, SPAIN AB A Time-of-Flight detector (TOF) has been incorporated into the CDF-II experiment in order to provide charged kaon identification to improve neutral B meson flavor determination. With an expected time-of-flight resolution of 100 ps, the system will be able to provide 2 standard deviation separation between K+/- and pi (+/-) for momenta p < 1.6 GeV/c, complementing the specific ionization energy loss dE/dx measured with the new drift chamber. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Univ Roma 1, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, IFCA, Santander, Spain. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grozis, C (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014 OI Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 93 BP 344 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)01132-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PF UT WOS:000167447800077 ER PT J AU Milstene, C AF Milstene, C CA CKM Collaborat TI Charged kaons at the main injector (CKM) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons CY JUN 27-30, 2000 CL VALENCIA, SPAIN AB The CKM collaboration is proposing to measure the branching ratio of the rare It decay K+ -> pi+nu<()over bar> at the Main Injector at Fermilab. Our goal is to be able to observe similar or equal to 100 events, for a Standard Model branching ratio of similar or equal to 1 x 10(-10). This implies that we must be able to reduce the background to a few el events at a reasonable cost. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Milstene, C (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 93 BP 348 EP 351 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)01133-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PF UT WOS:000167447800078 ER PT J AU Davis, AB Marshak, A AF Davis, AB Marshak, A TI Multiple scattering in clouds: Insights from three-dimensional difusion/P-1 theory SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; AVERAGED SOLAR FLUXES; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; INDEPENDENT PIXEL; ABSORPTION; APPROXIMATION; PARAMETERIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SKYLIGHT AB In the atmosphere, multiple scattering matters nowhere more than in clouds, and being a product of its turbulence, clouds are highly variable environments. This challenges three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer theory in a way that easily swamps any available computational resources. Fortunately, the far simpler diffusion (or P-1) theory becomes more accurate as the scattering intensifies, and allows for some analytical progress as well as computational efficiency. After surveying current approaches to 3D solar cloud-radiation problems from the diffusion standpoint, a general 3D result in steady-state diffusive transport is derived relating the variability-induced change in domain-average flux (i.e., diffuse transmittance) to the one-point covariance of internal fluctuations in particle density and in radiative flux. These flux variations follow specific spatial patterns in deliberately hydrodynamical language: radiative channeling. The P-1 theory proves even more powerful when the photon diffusion process unfolds in time as well as space. For slab geometry, characteristic times and lengths that describe normal and transverse transport phenomena are derived. This phenomenology is used to (a) explain persistent features in satellite images of dense stratocumulus as radiative channeling, (b) set limits on current cloud remote-sensing techniques, and (c) propose new ones both active and passive. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, NIS-2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM adavis@lanl.gov RI Marshak, Alexander/D-5671-2012 NR 83 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 EI 1943-748X J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 137 IS 3 BP 251 EP 280 PG 30 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 405GX UT WOS:000167152600004 ER PT J AU Difilippo, FC Fisher, SE AF Difilippo, FC Fisher, SE TI Performance of near-weapons-grade plutonium fuel pins in commercial light water reactors SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE weapons-grade plutonium; MOX fuels; benchmarks AB Important decisions related to the kind of reactors to be used for the disposition of the surplus weapons-grade plutonium are going to be based on calculations. Benchmarking computational methods in all aspects of the fuel cycle with measured data is then an obvious necessity. Analysis of public domain data reveals that the cycle-2 irradiation in the Quad Cities-1 boiling wafer reactor is the most recent U.S. destructive examination, involving the irradiation of five mixed-oxide (MOX) assemblies using 80 and 90% fissile Pu, quite close to weapons-grade Pu isotopic. Such measurements are rare, and they might be the only source of information to quantify differences in key neutronics parameters between high-fissile Pu systems and the well-characterized use of reactor-grade Pit. The pin neutronic performances for the UO2 and MOX fuels are compared with assembly-level calculation in which similar to 20% of the pins are MOX pins surrounded by UO2 pins. For MOX rods, HELIOS models the chains for the isotopes of uranium and plutonium reasonably well when compared with measured data at similar to 12000 MWd/tonne. However, indications are that the amounts of heavier actinides are underpredicted. Measurements and calculations of the relative pin power distribution for the last few weeks of the irradiation and the burnup are fairly consistent. The critical effects of the contribution of the 0.296- eV resonance to the production of higher actinides and the destruction of Pu-239 are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Difilippo, FC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,Bldg 6025, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 133 IS 3 BP 310 EP 324 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 403HV UT WOS:000167037200003 ER PT J AU Liang, TKS Schultz, RR AF Liang, TKS Schultz, RR TI Development program of LOCA licensing calculation capability with RELAP5-3D in accordance with appendix K of 10 CFR 50.46 SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RELAP5-3D; evaluation models; LOCA licensing tool AB In light water reactors, particularly the pressurized water reactors, the severity of loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs) will limit how high the reactor power can extend. Although the best estimate LOCA methodology can provide the greatest margin on the peak cladding temperature (PCT) evaluation during LOCA, it will take many more resources to develop and to get final approval from the licensing authority. Instead implementation of evaluation models required by Appendix K of the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, part 50 (10 CFR 50), upon an advanced ther mal-hydraulic platform can also gain significant margin on the PCT calculation. A program to modify RELAP5-3D in accordance with Appendix K of 10 CFR 50 was launched by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan, and it consists of six sequential phases of work. The compliance of the current RELAP5-3D with Appendix K of 10 CFR 50 has been evaluated, and it was found that there are II areas where the code modifications are required to satisfy the requirements set forth in Appendix K of 10 CFR 50. To verify and assess the development of the Appendix K version of RELAP5-3D, nine kinds of separate-effect experiments and six sets of integral-effect experiments will be adopted. Through the assessments program, all the model changes will be verified. C1 Inst Nucl Energy Res, Nucl Engn Div, Lungtan 32500, Taiwan. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Liang, TKS (reprint author), Inst Nucl Energy Res, Nucl Engn Div, POB 3-3, Lungtan 32500, Taiwan. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 133 IS 3 BP 355 EP 358 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 403HV UT WOS:000167037200007 ER PT J AU Sofia, HJ Chen, G Hetzler, BG Reyes-Spindola, JF Miller, NE AF Sofia, HJ Chen, G Hetzler, BG Reyes-Spindola, JF Miller, NE TI Radical SAM, a novel protein superfamily linking unresolved steps in familiar biosynthetic pathways with radical mechanisms: functional characterization using new analysis and information visualization methods SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PYRUVATE FORMATE-LYASE; IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-CLUSTER; LYSINE 2,3-AMINOMUTASE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; BIOTIN SYNTHASE; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM AB A novel protein superfamily with over 600 members was discovered by iterative profile searches and analyzed with powerful bioinformatics and information visualization methods. Evidence exists that these proteins generate a radical species by reductive cleavage of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) through an unusual Fe-S center. The superfamily (named here Radical SAM) provides evidence that radical-based catalysis is important in a number of previously well-studied but unresolved biochemical pathways and reflects an ancient conserved mechanistic approach to difficult chemistries. Radical SAM proteins catalyze diverse reactions, including unusual methylations, isomerization, sulfur insertion, ring formation, anaerobic oxidation and protein radical formation, They function in DNA precursor, vitamin, cofactor, antibiotic and herbicide biosynthesis and in biodegradation pathways, One eukaryotic member is interferon-inducible and is considered a candidate drug target for osteoporosis; another is observed to bind the neuronal Cdk5 activator protein. Five defining members not previously recognized as homologs are lysine 2,3-aminomutase, biotin synthase, lipoic acid synthase and the activating enzymes for pyruvate formate-lyase and anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase. Two functional predictions for unknown proteins are made based on integrating other data types such as motif, domain, operon and biochemical pathway into an organized view of similarity relationships. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Whitman Coll, Dept Biol, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, POB 999,K1-83,906 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM heidi.sofia@pnl.gov NR 67 TC 562 Z9 575 U1 10 U2 53 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1097 EP 1106 DI 10.1093/nar/29.5.1097 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 406XB UT WOS:000167240500011 PM 11222759 ER PT J AU Tereshko, V Wilds, CJ Minasov, G Prakash, TP Maier, MA Howard, A Wawrzak, Z Manoharan, M Egli, M AF Tereshko, V Wilds, CJ Minasov, G Prakash, TP Maier, MA Howard, A Wawrzak, Z Manoharan, M Egli, M TI Detection of alkali metal ions in DNA crystals using state-of-the-art X-ray diffraction experiments SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID B-DNA; ATOMIC-RESOLUTION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; RIBOZYME DOMAIN; RNA; BINDING; CONFORMATION; MAGNESIUM; GROOVE; DUPLEXES AB The observation of light metal ions in nucleic acids crystals is generally a fortuitous event. Sodium ions in particular are notoriously difficult to detect because-their X-ray scattering contributions are virtually identical to those of water and Na+...O distances are only slightly shorter than strong hydrogen bonds between well-ordered water molecules. We demonstrate here that replacement of Na+ by K+, Rb+ or Cs+ and precise measurements of anomalous differences in intensities provide a particularly sensitive method for detecting alkali metal ion-binding sites in nucleic acid crystals. Not only can alkali metal ions be readily located in such structures, but the presence of Rb+ or Cs+ also allows structure determination by the single wavelength anomalous diffraction technique. Besides allowing identification: of high occupancy binding sites, the combination of high resolution and anomalous diffraction data established here can also pinpoint binding sites that feature only partial occupancy. Conversely, high resolution of the data alone does not necessarily allow differentiation between water and partially ordered metal ions, as demonstrated with the crystal structure of a DNA duplex determined to a resolution of 0.6 Angstrom. C1 ISIS Pharmaceut Inc, Dept Med Chem, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, IMCA, CAT, Sector 17, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, DND, CAT, Synchrotron Res Ctr,Sector 5, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Egli, M (reprint author), ISIS Pharmaceut Inc, Dept Med Chem, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. RI Wilds, Christopher/K-4012-2013; ID, IMCACAT/D-5867-2014 OI Wilds, Christopher/0000-0002-0336-4753; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM055237] NR 31 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 5 BP 1208 EP 1215 DI 10.1093/nar/29.5.1208 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 406XB UT WOS:000167240500023 PM 11222771 ER PT J AU Montcalm, C AF Montcalm, C TI Reduction of residual stress in extreme ultraviolet Mo/Si multilayer mirrors with postdeposition thermal treatments SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE thin films; optical fabrication; stress analysis; multilayers; microlithography; extreme ultraviolet ID SPUTTER-DEPOSITION; MO-SI; LITHOGRAPHY; MOLYBDENUM; COATINGS; FILMS; SILICON; REFLECTANCE; EVOLUTION AB The as-deposited stress of typical high-reflectance extreme ultraviolet (EUV) Mo/Si multilayer mirrors is measured to be approximately -410+/-10 MPa (compressive). These multilayers are deposited with do magnetron sputtering and have near-normal incidence (5 deg) reflectances of 67.2+/-0.1% around 13.2 nm. The effect of both slow and rapid thermal treatments on multilayer stress and reflectance is measured. For both approaches, the stress of these multilayers is reduced quasi-linearly with the annealing temperature. Using the slow thermal anneal approach, it is possible to reduce the stress from -410 MPa to zero by heating the sample to similar to 275 degreesC with a corresponding reflectance loss of similar to3.5% (absolute). If preserving the reflectance is critical, we show that heating the sample to similar to 220 degreesC reduces the stress by 85% from -407 to -63 MPa with a reflectance loss of only similar to1.5% (absolute). It therefore appears possible to "tune" the stress of EUV Mo/Si multilayer mirrors with this postdeposition annealing technique and predict the loss in reflectance for any given desired final stress. Moreover, it seems that the relationship between the reflectance loss and the stress change does not depend on the type of thermal treatment, i.e., it is the same for both the slow and rapid thermal annealing techniques. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Montcalm, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-395, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 3 BP 469 EP 477 DI 10.1117/1.1346584 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 415HB UT WOS:000167714400021 ER PT J AU Dunkers, JP Phelan, FR Sanders, DP Everett, MJ Green, WH Hunston, DL Parnas, RS AF Dunkers, JP Phelan, FR Sanders, DP Everett, MJ Green, WH Hunston, DL Parnas, RS TI The application of optical coherence tomography to problems in polymer matrix composites SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical coherence tomography; composites; microstructure; permeability; damage; imaging ID FIBROUS POROUS-MEDIA; INPLANE FLOW AB The Composites Group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology has found optical coherence tomography (OCT) to be a powerful tool for non-destructive characterization of polymer matrix composites. Composites often exhibit superior properties to traditional materials such as wood and metal. However, the barrier to their widespread infiltration into consumer markets is cost. Composites can be made more cost competitive by improved composite design, process optimization, and quality control. OCT provides a means of evaluating the three aforementioned areas. OCT is a very versatile technique that can be applied to a variety of problems in polymer composites such as: microstructure determination for permeability and mechanical property prediction, void, dry spot, and defect detection, and damage evaluation. Briefly, OCT uses a low coherence source such as a superluminescent diode laser with a fiber optic based Michelson interferometer, Tn this configuration, the composite is the fixed arm of the interferometer. Reflections from heterogeneities within the sample are mapped as a function of thickness for any one position. Volume information is generated by translating the sample on a motorized stage. Information about the location and size of a feature within the composite is obtained. In this work, the power of OCT for imaging composite microstructure and damage is presented. An example of permeability prediction using the composite microstructure imaged from OCT is demonstrated. The effect of image processing on the value of permeability is discussed. Using the same sample, OCT imaging of composite impact damage is compared to more traditional techniques, X-ray computed tomography and confocal microscopy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Polymer Composites Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Dunkers, JP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Polymer Composites Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 21 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-8166 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 35 IS 3 BP 135 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0143-8166(01)00010-0 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 426LU UT WOS:000168351300001 ER PT J AU Naulleau, P AF Naulleau, P TI A coherence encoding method for optical switching, encryption, and arithmetic SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE coherence encoding; spatial light modulator; optical switching; optical encryption; optical arithmetic ID IMAGE TRANSMISSION; SCATTERING MEDIA; HOLOGRAPHY; FIBERS; CAPABILITY AB The concept of coherence encoding, as used for direct image transmission through optical fibers, is used to implement an optical switch which simultaneously has arithmetic and encryption capabilities. The device can operate in free space or through a single-mode fiber link. The coherence encoding switch is analyzed and computer simulation and experimental results are presented. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Naulleau, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 189 IS 1-3 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(01)00991-9 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 408AU UT WOS:000167305000009 ER PT J AU Chow, E Lin, SY Wendt, JR Johnson, SG Joannopoulos, JD AF Chow, E Lin, SY Wendt, JR Johnson, SG Joannopoulos, JD TI Quantitative analysis of bending efficiency in photonic-crystal waveguide bends at lambda=1.55 mu m wavelengths SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; SLAB AB Based on a photonic-crystal slab structure, a 60 degrees photonic-crystal waveguide bend is successfully fabricated. Its bending efficiency within the photonic bandgap is measured, and near 100% efficiency is observed at certain frequencies near the valence band edge. The bending radius is similar to1 mum at a wavelength of lambda similar to 1.55 mum. The measured eta spectrum also agrees well with a finite-difference time-domain simulation. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chow, E (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 0603,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 179 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 5 BP 286 EP 288 DI 10.1364/OL.26.000286 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 405WK UT WOS:000167183400012 PM 18040303 ER PT J AU Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N AF Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N TI Minimum-time control of systems with Coulomb friction: near global optima via mixed integer linear programming SO OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS LA English DT Article DE minimum-time control; Coulomb friction; global optima; mixed integer linear programming ID MANIPULATORS; COMPUTATION; CONSTRAINTS AB This work presents a method of finding near global optima to minimum-time trajectory generation problems for systems that would be linear if it were not for the presence of Coulomb friction. The required final state of the system is assumed to be maintainable by the system, and the input bounds are assumed to be large enough so that the role of maintaining zero acceleration during finite time intervals of zero velocity (the role of static friction) can always be assumed by the input. Other than the previous work for generating minimum-time trajectories for robotic manipulators for which the path in joint space is already specified, this work represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first approach for generating near global optima for minimum-time problems involving a non-linear class of dynamic systems. The reason the optima generated are near global optima instead of exactly global optima is due to a discrete-time approximation of the system (which is usually used anyway to simulate such a system numerically). The method closely resembles previous methods for generating minimum-time trajectories for linear systems, where the core operation is the solution of a Phase I linear programming problem. For the non-linear systems considered herein. the core operation is instead the solution of a mixed integer linear programming problem. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Engn Mech, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Driessen, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0143-2087 J9 OPTIM CONTR APPL MET JI Optim. Control Appl. Methods PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 2 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1002/oca.682 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 460KC UT WOS:000170305900001 ER PT J AU Gropp, WD Kaushik, DK Keyes, DE Smith, BF AF Gropp, WD Kaushik, DK Keyes, DE Smith, BF TI High-performance parallel implicit CFD SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE parallel implicit solvers; unstructured grids; computational fluid dynamics; high-performance computing ID SPARSE LINEAR-SYSTEMS; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; TURBULENT FLOWS AB Fluid dynamical simulations based on finite discretizations on (quasi-)static grids scale well in parallel, but execute at a disappointing percentage of per-processor peak floating point operation rates without special attention to layout and access ordering of data. We document both claims from our experience with an unstructured grid CFD code that is typical of the state of the practice at NASA. These basic performance characteristics of PDE-based codes can be understood with surprisingly simple models, for which we quote earlier work, presenting primarily experimental results, The performance models and experimental results motivate algorithmic and software practices that lead to improvements in both parallel scalability and per node performance. This snapshot of ongoing work updates our 1999 Bell Prize-winning simulation on ASCI computers. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Keyes, DE (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 NR 29 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 337 EP 362 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(00)00075-2 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 418EP UT WOS:000167878200002 ER PT J AU Hovland, PD McInnes, LC AF Hovland, PD McInnes, LC TI Parallel simulation of compressible flow using automatic differentiation and PETSc SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE compressible Euler; PETSc; nonlinear PDEs; automatic differentiation ID LINEAR-SYSTEMS; EQUATIONS AB Many aerospace applications require parallel implicit solution strategies and software. The use of two computational tools, the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific computing (PETSc) and ADIFOR, to implement a Newton-Krylov-Schwarz method with pseudotransient continuation for a particular application, namely, a steady-state, fully implicit, three-dimensional compressible Euler model of flow over an M6 wing is considered. How automatic differentiation (AD) can be used within the PETSc framework to compute the required derivatives is described. Performance data demonstrating the suitability of AD and PETSc for this problem are presented. A synopsis of results and a description of opportunities for future work concludes this paper. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hovland, PD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 503 EP 519 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(00)00074-0 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 418EP UT WOS:000167878200009 ER PT J AU Fucic, A Lasan, R Lucas, JN Mijic, A Hitrec, V AF Fucic, A Lasan, R Lucas, JN Mijic, A Hitrec, V TI Detection of radiation hypersensitivity to occupational exposure to ionizing radiation by stable and unstable chromosome aberrations SO PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM LA English DT Article DE ionizing radiation; hypersensitivity to radiation; FISH ID TRANSLOCATIONS AB Background and Purpose: A subject occupationally exposed to (192)Ir during a period of 15 months who herd shown a significant increase in chromosome aberrations with the annual dose below 50 mSv was analyzed by in situ hybridization in order to evaluate frequency of stable translocations and related health risk. Subject and Methods: Lymphocytes from the subject were scored using chromosome aberration assay and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Blood samples were token on four occasions over a period of 2 years. Results and Conclusion: The frequency of translocations measured by fluorescent in situ hybridization (0.026 per cell) was significantly elevated over published control (0.003 translocations per cell); p = 2 X 10(24) Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed that chromosome aberrations were not constitutional. As severe chromosome damage was not the consequence of accidental overexposure it is concluded that the subject expressed radiation hypersensitivity. C1 Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. Univ Zagreb, Clin Hosp Ctr, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Zagreb, Sestre Milosrdnice Univ Hosp, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. RP Fucic, A (reprint author), Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Ksaverska 2, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM PI ZAGREB PA HRVATSKO PRIRODOSLOVNO DRUSTVO ILICA 16/111, 41000 ZAGREB, CROATIA SN 0031-5362 J9 PERIOD BIOL JI Period. Biol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 103 IS 1 BP 83 EP 85 PG 3 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 431QB UT WOS:000168641100013 ER PT J AU Engler, O Kong, XW Lucke, K AF Engler, O Kong, XW Lucke, K TI Influence of precipitates on the microstructure and texture during the rolling of Al-Cu and Al-Mn single crystals with rolling texture orientations SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID RECRYSTALLIZATION TEXTURES; ALUMINUM CRYSTALS; SHEAR BANDS; DEFORMATION; NUCLEATION; ALLOYS; SLIP; PARTICLES; PHASE AB The influence of precipitates on the development of microstructure and crystallographic texture during cold rolling was investigated in particle-containing Al-Cu and Al-Mn single crystals with the initial orientations (011)[100], (011)[21 (1) over bar] and (112)[11 (1) over bar]. Analysis of the X-ray rolling textures yielded broad scatter of the initial orientations around axes close to the transverse direction. By means of microstructural investigations and local orientation measurements in the transmission electron microscope this scatter could be attributed to the disturbed volumes around the particles, the so-called deformation zones. The evolution of the deformation zones as well as their impact on the rolling texture is discussed. In particular, the orientation correlation between deformation zones and matrix is analysed and the influence of different particle morphologies is addressed. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Metallkunde & Metallphys, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RP Engler, O (reprint author), VAW Aluminum AG, Forsch & Entwicklung, POB 2468, D-53014 Bonn, Germany. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 543 EP 570 PG 28 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 414RF UT WOS:000167679400002 ER PT J AU Chapline, G Hohlfeld, E Laughlin, RB Santiago, DI AF Chapline, G Hohlfeld, E Laughlin, RB Santiago, DI TI Quantum phase transitions and the breakdown of classical general relativity SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; BLACK-HOLE; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; FESHBACH RESONANCES; TIME AB It is proposed that the infinite-red-shift surface of a black hole is a quantum phase transition of the vacuum of space-time analogous to the liquid-vapour critical point of a Bose fluid. The equations of classical general relativity remain valid arbitrarily close to the horizon yet fail there through the divergence of a characteristic coherence length xi. The integrity of global time. required for conventional quantum mechanics to be defined, is maintained. The metric inside the event horizon is different from that predicted by classical general relativity and may be de Sitter space. The deviations from classical behaviour lead to distinct spectroscopic and bolometric signatures that can, in principle, be observed at large distances from the black hole. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Chapline, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 235 EP 254 DI 10.1080/13642810110037102 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 415BB UT WOS:000167699700001 ER PT J AU Lawson, AC AF Lawson, AC TI An improved Lindemann melting rule SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article AB The Lindemann melting rule associates the value of the melting point with that of the temperature-dependent thermal vibration amplitude at the melting point. We test the rule over a wide range of metallic elements. It works fairly well over the entire periodic system, from Li to Pu, provided that the temperature dependence of the elastic properties and the variation in the critical vibrational amplitude with mass are taken into account. The accuracy of various modifications of the Lindemann rule is evaluated. We propose a new physical interpretation of the Lindemann rule, based on the phonon mean free path. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lawson, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 255 EP 266 DI 10.1080/13642810010022622 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 415BB UT WOS:000167699700002 ER PT J AU Vegge, T Rasmussen, T Leffers, T Pedersen, OB Jacobsen, KW AF Vegge, T Rasmussen, T Leffers, T Pedersen, OB Jacobsen, KW TI Atomistic simulations of cross-slip of jogged screw dislocations in copper SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FCC METALS; ENERGETICS; ANNIHILATION; PARAMETERS; CRYSTALS; JOGS AB We have performed atomic-scare simulations of cross-slip processes of screw dislocations in copper, simulating jog-free dislocations as well as different types of jogged screw dislocations. Minimum-energy paths and corresponding transition state energies are obtained using the nudged-elastic-band path technique. We find low barriers and effective masses for the conservative motion along the dislocations of elementary jogs on both ordinary {111}[110] and non-octahedral {110}[110] slip systems. The jogs are found to be constricted and therefore effectively act as pre-existing constrictions; the cross-slip activation energy is thereby dramatically reduced, yielding values in agreement with experiment. C1 Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vegge, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark. EM vegge@fysik.dtu.dk RI Jacobsen, Karsten/B-3602-2009; Vegge, Tejs/A-9419-2011 OI Jacobsen, Karsten/0000-0002-1121-2979; Vegge, Tejs/0000-0002-1484-0284 NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 137 EP 144 DI 10.1080/09500830010019040 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 410EQ UT WOS:000167427400002 ER PT J AU Felcher, GP Velthuis, SGE Ruhm, A Donner, W AF Felcher, GP Velthuis, SGE Ruhm, A Donner, W TI Polarized neutron reflectometry: recent developments and perspectives SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Polarized Neutrons for Condensed Mater Investigation (PNCMI 2000) CY JUN 20-25, 2000 CL PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST, GATCHINA, GERMANY HO PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST DE neutron reflectivity; polarized neutrons; magnetic thin films ID COUPLED FE/CR(001) SUPERLATTICES; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES; EXCHANGE-BIAS; REFLECTIVITY; MULTILAYERS; ANISOTROPY; MEDIA AB Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) has an important role in solving non-collinear magnetic structures in thin films. In principle PNR provides the unambiguous determination of multi-axial magnetic depth profiles in systems of scientific and technological importance. However, only a limited number of problems have been solved unimpeachably, because the magnetic depth profiles were obtained by fitting procedures yielding solutions whose main features were not evident in the raw data. A recent formulation of reflectometry, and the concurrent development of "total polarimetry" are now stimulating the design of neutron polarization and polarization analysis geometries capable of determining directly if and how a magnetic system contains a non-collinear structure in the film (x-y) plane. In the simplest of these geometries the neutrons are polarized and analyzed along the z-axis perpendicular to the film plane. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Max Planck Inst Med Forsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Felcher, GP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 223, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI te Velthuis, Suzanne/I-6735-2013; OI te Velthuis, Suzanne/0000-0002-1023-8384; Donner, Wolfgang/0000-0001-9269-4473 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 2001 VL 297 IS 1-4 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00821-8 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 422YN UT WOS:000168147000019 ER PT J AU Mezei, F Drabkin, G Ioffe, A AF Mezei, F Drabkin, G Ioffe, A TI Polarimetric neutron spin echo SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Polarized Neutrons for Condensed Mater Investigation (PNCMI 2000) CY JUN 20-25, 2000 CL PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST, GATCHINA, GERMANY HO PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST DE neutron spin echo; polarization analysis AB Neutron spin echo INSE) spectroscopy inherently involves polarization analysis features. Thus, the very principle of paramagnetic NSE used for the study of magnetically isotropic systems is based on the vector properties of the neutron polarization change in the scattering, which implies that the incoming and outgoing neutron spin directions are not parallel. Another, conventional polarization analysis feature is the opposite sign of the NSE signal for nuclear and nuclear-spin incoherent scattering, or the signal parallel and perpendicular magnetic fluctuations in the presence of a strong magnetizing field. In these cases the measured NSE spectra are the algebraic sums of two components. In its actual form, however, NSE does not allow one to investigate spin-flip and non-spin-Rip scattering channels independently from each other. At the expense of rather moderate loss of signal it is, however, possible to generalize the NSE technique for the study of a given channel of spin-dependent scattering processes in the most general sense of neutron polarimetry. This means to perform inelastic NSE analysis on the partial scattering cross-section corresponding to the transition from any incoming spin direction P to any outgoing spin direction P'. A method of combining NSE with neutron polarimetry will be described together with a simple example of experimental realization. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Berlin Neutron Scattering Ctr, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Leningrad Distr, Russia. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Mezei, F (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Berlin Neutron Scattering Ctr, Glienicker Str 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. EM mezei@hmi.de NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 2001 VL 297 IS 1-4 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00840-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 422YN UT WOS:000168147000003 ER PT J AU Ioffe, A Mezei, F AF Ioffe, A Mezei, F TI 4 pi-symmetry of the neutron wave function under space rotation SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Polarized Neutrons for Condensed Mater Investigation (PNCMI 2000) CY JUN 20-25, 2000 CL PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST, GATCHINA, GERMANY HO PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST DE spinor; neutron interferometry ID GEOMETRIC PHASE; PRECESSION; INTERFEROMETRY; FERMIONS AB We analyze the results of the neutron interferometry experiment that showed a 4 pi -symmetry of the neutron wave function under rotation in space produced by slowly rotating adiabatic guide field. In contrast to all previous work the present experiment is of a pure topological nature, i.e. it does not involve the Larmor precession and the result only depends on the topology and not on the value of the magnetic field and the neutron magnetic moment. This is the first experimental observation, which cannot be explained by simply applying the common classical concept of dynamic phase, consistently with the basic principles of quantum mechanics, to each of the energy eigenstates superposed in the neutron wave function. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ioffe, A (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM A.Ioffe@fz-juelich.de NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR PY 2001 VL 297 IS 1-4 BP 303 EP 306 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00830-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 422YN UT WOS:000168147000060 ER PT J AU Abdallah, J Faenov, AY Skobelev, IY Magunov, AI Pikuz, TA Auguste, T D'Oliveira, P Hulin, S Monot, P AF Abdallah, J Faenov, AY Skobelev, IY Magunov, AI Pikuz, TA Auguste, T D'Oliveira, P Hulin, S Monot, P TI Hot-electron influence on the x-ray emission spectra of Ar clusters heated by a high-intensity 60-fs laser pulse SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; ATOMIC CLUSTERS; DEUTERIUM CLUSTERS; NUCLEAR-FUSION; PLASMA; RADIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; EXPLOSIONS; VACANCIES; MATTER AB The interaction of a high-intensity 60-fs laser pulse with argon clusters is investigated experimentally using methods of x-ray spectroscopy. It is shown that the plasma emission in the vicinity of He-like Ar XVII resonance line contains intense satellites caused by transitions in Li-like, Be-like, and other argon ions. It is shown that observed spectra could be explained by the presence of hot electrons in moderately ionized plasma. A simple physical model of plasma creation is proposed involving the incident picosecond prepulse followed by the main laser femtosecond pulse. Atomic kinetic calculations based on the proposed model give a good description of the experimental data. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleevo 141570, Russia. CEA, Ctr Etud Saclay, DSM, DRECAM,Serv Photons Atomes & Mol, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Abdallah, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-4,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032706 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032706 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000062 ER PT J AU Benioff, P AF Benioff, P TI Representation of natural numbers in quantum mechanics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUBIT DEVICES; DECOHERENCE; COMPUTATION; INFORMATION; COMPUTERS; NETWORKS; CODE AB This paper represents one approach to making explicit some of the assumptions and conditions implied in the widespread representation of numbers by composite quantum systems. Any nonempty set and associated operations is a set of natural numbers or a model of arithmetic if the set and operations satisfy the axioms of number theory or arithmetic. This paper is limited to k-ary representations of length L and to the axioms for arithmetic module k(L). A model of the axioms is described based on an abstract L-fold tensor product Hilbert space H-arith. Unitary maps of this space onto a physical parameter based product space H-phy are then described. Each of these maps makes states in H-phy, and the induced operators, a model of the axioms. Consequences of the existence of many of these maps are discussed along with the dependence of Grover's and Shor's algorithms on these maps. The importance of the main physical requirement, that the basic arithmetic operations are efficiently implementable, is discussed. This condition states that there exist physically realizable Hamiltonians that can implement the basic arithmetic operations and that the space-time and thermodynamic resources required are polynomial in L. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Benioff, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pbenioff@anl.gov NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032305 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000029 ER PT J AU Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Widmann, K AF Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Widmann, K TI Systematic measurement of the relative electron-impact excitation cross section of the 3d -> 2p P-1(1) resonance and D-3(1) intercombination lines in mid-Z neonlike ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; FE-XVII; COLLISION STRENGTHS; ATOMIC DATA; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; KR-XXVII; INTENSITIES; BEAM; SPECTROSCOPY AB The relative electron-impact cross sections for exciting the 3d-->2p P-1(1) resonance and D-3(1) intercombination lines have been measured in nine neonlike ions between Cr14+ and Kr26+. The ratio drops from about 4.4 for Cr14+ to less than unity for Kr26+ in response to an increase in relativistic effects. A measurement of the dependence of this ratio,on electron energy is presented for Fe16+. No dependence on electron energy is found. The measured ratios are generally lower than theory, showing that the relative intensity of the intercombination line is larger than predicted and illustrating the difficulty to predict electron-impact excitation cross sections in the intermediate coupling regime at the level needed for spectral diagnostics. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Brown, GV (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 45 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032719 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032719 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000075 ER PT J AU Guedes, I AF Guedes, I TI Solution of the Schrodinger equation for the time-dependent linear potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DRIVEN; CHAOS; FIELD AB In this paper I have drawn out the steps to be followed in order to derive the exact Schrodinger wave function for a particle in a general one-dimensional time-dependent linear potential. To this end I have used the so-called Lewis and Riesenfeld invariant method, which is based on finding an exact quantum-mechanical invariant in whose eigenstates the exact quantum states are found. in particular, I have obtained the wave functions of a particle in the linear potential well, driven by a monochromatic electric field. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Dept Fis, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RP Guedes, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM guedes@fisica.ufc.br RI GUEDES, ILDE/C-3451-2013; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/J-4630-2016; OI Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780; GUEDES, ILDE/0000-0002-1040-5891 NR 11 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.034102 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000113 ER PT J AU Isaacs, WA Baertschy, M McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN AF Isaacs, WA Baertschy, M McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN TI Doubly differential cross sections for the electron impact ionization of hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CLOSE-COUPLING CALCULATIONS; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; SCATTERING; THRESHOLD; ENERGIES; BREAKUP; E,2E AB We report the first completely ab initio calculations of doubly differential cross sections for the electron impact ionization of hydrogen at incident energies of 17.6 eV, 25 eV, and 30 eV. These cross sections have been extracted from wave functions obtained by directly solving a finite difference discretized Schrodinger equation without explicit reference to any assumed asymptotic form. Outgoing wave boundary conditions are assured by the use of the exterior complex scaling method. Our calculations suggest the need for additional experiments to augment the one available measurement. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Isaacs, WA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 030704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.030704 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000007 ER PT J AU Krause, HF Vane, CR Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Mikkelsen, U Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH Vilakazi, Z AF Krause, HF Vane, CR Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Mikkelsen, U Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH Vilakazi, Z TI Electron capture and ionization of 33-TeV Pb ions in gas targets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID POSITRON PAIR PRODUCTION; DEPENDENT DIRAC-EQUATION; BOUND-ELECTRON; HEAVY-IONS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; ATOMIC-COLLISIONS; DECAY-RATES; 33 TEV; IMPACT AB We have measured the total cross sections for electron capture by bare Pb82+ ions and for the ionization of hydrogenlike Pb81+(1s) ions at 158 GeV/A, gamma =168, in Ar, Kr, and Xe gas targets. At this energy, the total capture cross sections are dominated by electron capture from pair production. The capture measurements are compared with the results of several theoretical calculations and with similar measurements made with solid targets. The Pb81+(1s) ionization cross sections obtained, which are substantially lower than those measured in solids, agree well with recent calculations that predict saturation at high energies from target screening effects. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CERN, SL Div, SPS, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Stockholm Univ, Dept Atom Phys, S-10405 Stockholm 50, Sweden. Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Phys, ZA-2050 Wits, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Krause, HF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Uggerhoj, Ulrik/A-1802-2012 OI Uggerhoj, Ulrik/0000-0002-8229-1512 NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032711 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032711 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000067 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J AF Krstic, PS Reinhold, CO Burgdorfer, J TI Adiabatic limit of inelastic transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; EXCITATION; IONS AB The widely used assumption that transitions induced by slowly changing perturbations are completely described by the topology of adiabatic energy surfaces in the plane of a complex perturbation parameter is reexamined. This assumption is the basis for the hidden crossings theory and most two-state models and yields an exponential decrease of transition probabilities and cross sections with decreasing speed of the perturbation v. We show that for a large class of problems, these approximations do not describe correctly transitions in the adiabatic limit. Contributions neglected lead, instead, to dominant power-law dependences in inelastic collisional cross sections, sigma infinityv(4). We illustrate the interplay between different contributions for a collisional model system for which exact transition probabilities can be determined. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Krstic, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032103 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000018 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Seminario, M Tomasel, FG Chang, C Rocca, JJ Attwood, DT AF Liu, Y Seminario, M Tomasel, FG Chang, C Rocca, JJ Attwood, DT TI Achievement of essentially full spatial coherence in a high-average-power soft-x-ray laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID GENERATION; RADIATION; GERMANIUM; DEPENDENCE; AMPLIFIER; PREPULSE; PULSES AB We report an observation of essentially full spatial coherence in a high average power soft-x-ray laser. Rapid coherence buildup due to strong refractive antiguiding in a long plasma column is experimentally demonstrated. This allows the generation of fully coherent, milliwatt-level average power soft-x-ray radiation by a tabletop device. The peak brightness of this laser reaches 2x10(25) photons s(-1) mm(-2) mrad(-2) within 0.01% spectral bandwidth, making it one of the brightest soft-x-ray sources available. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Sixia/F-4542-2014; Sun, Chang-Pu/C-2344-2009; Liu, Yu-xi/A-6385-2009; Zhou, Duan-Lu/F-4601-2012; Yu, Sixia/H-2635-2012; Yu, Sixia/D-6167-2017 OI Yu, Sixia/0000-0002-2818-0643; Liu, Yu-xi/0000-0002-3961-2691; Zhou, Duan-Lu/0000-0001-5196-8669; NR 28 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 033802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.033802 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000095 ER PT J AU Moehs, DP Bhatti, MI Church, DA AF Moehs, DP Bhatti, MI Church, DA TI Measurements and calculations of metastable level lifetimes in Fe X, Fe XI, Fe XII, Fe XIII, and Fe XIV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL-LINE INTENSITIES; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; FORBIDDEN LINES; ATOMIC DATA; IONS; SCHEME; CONFIGURATION AB Lifetimes of metastable levels in the ground term of Fe ions within the 3s(2)3p(k), k=1-5, isoelectronic sequences have been measured. These measurements were performed utilizing ions that were selected by mass to charge ratio while transported from an electron cyclotron resonance ion source to a Kingdon ion trap, where they were captured and then confined for periods of up to 2.1 s. During this storage period, selected emission wavelengths of transitions from metastable levels in the visible or near-ultraviolet spectral regions were isolated using interference filters, and the time-dependent fluorescence intensities were measured using a photomultiplier tube. Measurement precisions on the order of 2% were achieved in favorable cases. The measured lifetimes are tau (Fe x, 3s(2)p(5) P-2(1/2)) = 13.64+/-0.25 ms, tau (Fe XI, 3s(2)3p(4 1)D(2)) = 9.86+/-0.22 ms, tau (Fe XII, 3s(2)3p(3) P-2(3/2)) = 1.85+/-0.24 ms, tau (Fe XII, 3s(2)3p(3) P-2(1/2)) = 4.38+/-0.42 ms, tau (Fe XII, 3s(2)3p(3) D-2(3/2)) = 20.35 +/-1.24 ms, tau (Fe XIII, 3s(2)3p(2) D-1(2)) = 6.93+/-0.18 ms, and tau (Fe XIV, 3s(2)3p P-2(3/2)) = 17.52+/-0.29 ms. These results are compared with existing and with new theoretical calculations, which have estimated uncertainties on the order of 10-25%. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas Pan Amer, Phys & Geol Dept, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. RP Moehs, DP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Bldg 203, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032515 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032515 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000053 ER PT J AU Sapirstein, J Cheng, KT AF Sapirstein, J Cheng, KT TI Hyperfine splitting in lithiumlike bismuth SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SELF-ENERGY CORRECTION; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; HYDROGENLIKE IONS; TRANSITION; MOMENTS; ATOMS; BEAM AB Uncertainties involving the distribution of nuclear magnetism that affect the interpretation of ground-state hyperfine splitting (hfs) in hydrogenlike ions can be avoided by also measuring hyperfine splitting in lithiumlike ions. Because a recent experiment looking for hfs in lithiumlike bismuth at the predicted value of 0.7971(2) eV had negative results, we have repeated the calculation using a QED approach based on both screened potentials and the Coulomb potential. We find 0.797 15(13) eV, in good agreement with the previous calculation. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sapirstein, J (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 23 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032506 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000044 ER PT J AU Snell, G Hergenhahn, U Muller, N Drescher, M Viefhaus, J Becker, U Heinzmann, U AF Snell, G Hergenhahn, U Muller, N Drescher, M Viefhaus, J Becker, U Heinzmann, U TI Study of xenon 4d, 5p and 5s photoionization in the shape-resonance region using spin-resolved electron spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE FRAGMENTATION-PATTERN; 2-STEP DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; AUGER ELECTRONS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; X-RAYS; HELICAL UNDULATOR; PHASE DIFFERENCES; BRANCHING RATIO AB Photoionization of Xe atoms is investigated close to the maximum of the 4d shape resonance by means of spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Using circularly and linearly polarized synchrotron radiation of 93.8-eV energy, we investigate the photoionization processes of the 5p, 5s, and 4d shells. By combination of earlier data for the partial and differential cross sections with our measurements, we are able to perform a complete characterization of the Xe 4d photoionization process, i.e., we can determine all the relativistic dipole matrix elements. Comparison with different theoretical calculations shows the importance of relaxation effects st this photon energy. C1 Univ Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RP Snell, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Heinzmann, Ulrich/A-6248-2012; Becker, Uwe/A-6604-2013 NR 60 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032712 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032712 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 408HP UT WOS:000167321000068 ER PT J AU Axenovich, M Luban, M AF Axenovich, M Luban, M TI Exact ground state properties of the classical Heisenberg model for giant magnetic molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CLUSTERS AB We find the exact ground state energy and magnetic moment for an arbitrary magnetic field H of the classical Heisenberg model of spins on the vertices of an icosidodecahedron. This model provides an accurate description of the magnetic properties of the giant paramagnetic molecule {Mo72Fe30} in which 30 Fe3+ ions are coupled via antiferromagnetic exchange. The strong frustration of the magnetic interaction in the molecule is relaxed when the angle between nearest-neighbor spins is 120 degrees. We predict that the magnetic moment is linear with H until saturating at a critical field H-c, and this is consistent with the results of a recent experiment at 0.46 K. We derive our results using a graph-theoretical construction and a special property, three-colorability, of the icosidodecahedron. We also consider spins on the vertices of an octahedron, icosahedron, and dodecahedron. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Axenovich, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 15 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 100407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.100407 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100012 ER PT J AU Butler, WH Zhang, XG Schulthess, TC MacLaren, JM AF Butler, WH Zhang, XG Schulthess, TC MacLaren, JM TI Reduction of electron tunneling current due to lateral variation of the wave function SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN POLARIZATION; FERROMAGNETS; CONDUCTANCE; JUNCTIONS; BARRIER; FILMS; FE AB Electron tunneling in solids is usually envisioned in terms of a simple barrier model based on free electrons tunneling through a region of homogeneous potential. We point out that this model neglects the variation of the wave function in the plane of the interface and show that oscillations of the wave function parallel to the interface increase its rate of decay perpendicular to the interface. This simple observation has important implications for spin-dependent tunneling and may explain why "s electrons" seem to tunnel much more readily than "d electrons.". C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70018 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 17 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 092402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.092402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000009 ER PT J AU Chakravarty, S Laughlin, RB Morr, DK Nayak, C AF Chakravarty, S Laughlin, RB Morr, DK Nayak, C TI Hidden order in the cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; QUANTUM-CRITICAL-POINT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MUON-SPIN-ROTATION; NORMAL-STATE; OVERDOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; PSEUDOGAP PRECURSOR; EXCITATION SPECTRUM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING AB We propose that the enigmatic pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors is characterized by a hidden broken symmetry of d(x2-y2)-type. The transition to this state is rounded by disorder, but in the limit that the disorder is made sufficiently small, the pseudogap crossover should reveal itself to be such a transition. The ordered state breaks time-reversal, translational, and rotational symmetries, but it is invariant under the combination of any two. We discuss these ideas in the context of ten specific experimental properties of the cuprates, and make several predictions, including the existence of an as-yet undetected metal-metal transition under the superconducting dome. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chakravarty, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 75 TC 811 Z9 819 U1 6 U2 69 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094503 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000081 ER PT J AU Cimpoiasu, E Levin, GA Almasan, CC Zheng, H Veal, BW AF Cimpoiasu, E Levin, GA Almasan, CC Zheng, H Veal, BW TI Magnetoconductivity due to quantum interference in strongly underdoped YBa2Cu3Ox SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTIVITY; MODEL AB We report magnetoconductivity measurements on YBa2Cu3Ox (x=6.25 and 6.36) single crystals. Our main result is that both the in-plane Delta sigma (ab) and out-of-plane Delta sigma (c) magnetoconductivities exhibit the field dependence characteristic of "two-dimensional" quantum interference in applied magnetic fields H parallel toc. Namely, Delta sigma (c,ab) proportional to ln H/H-0>0, with Delta sigma (c)/sigma (c) substantially greater than Delta sigma (ab)/sigma (ab). We interpret this result as an evidence of interlayer incoherence in these crystals. so that the phase-coherent trajectories are mostly confined to one bilayer. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Cimpoiasu, E (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 104515 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.104515 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100088 ER PT J AU Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Nieuwenhuys, GJ Luke, GM Uemura, YJ Ratcliff, W Cheong, SW Balakrishnan, G AF Heffner, RH Sonier, JE MacLaughlin, DE Nieuwenhuys, GJ Luke, GM Uemura, YJ Ratcliff, W Cheong, SW Balakrishnan, G TI Muon spin relaxation study of La1-xCaxMnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID JAHN-TELLER DISTORTION; TO-POLARON CROSSOVER; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; MANGANITES; DYNAMICS; LA0.85SR0.15MNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TRANSITION; MAGNETISM AB We report predominantly zero-field muon spin relaxation measurements in a series of Ca-doped LaMnO3 compounds which includes the colossal magnetoresistive manganites. Our principal result is a systematic study of the spin-lattice relaxation rates 1/T-1 and magnetic order parameters in the series La1-xCaxMnO3, x = 0.0, 0.06, 0.18, 0.33, 0.67, and 1.0. In LaMnO3 and CaMnO3 we find very narrow critical regions near the Neel temperatures T-N and temperature independent 1/T-1 values above T-N. From the 1/T-1 in LaMnO3 we derive an exchange integral J = 0.85 meV which is consistent with the mean-field expression for T-N. All Of the doped manganites except CaMnO3 display anomalously slow, spatially inhomogeneous spin-lattice relaxation below their ordering temperatures. In the ferromagnetic (FM) insulating La0.82Ca0.18MnO3 and ferromagnetic conducting La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 systems we show that there exists a bimodal distribution of mu SR rates lambda (f) and lambda (s) associated with relatively ''fast" and "slow" Mn fluctuation rates, respectively. A physical picture is hypothesized for these FM phases in which the fast Mn rates are due to overdamped spin waves characteristic of a disordered FM, and the slower Mn relaxation rates derive from distinct, relatively insulating regions in the sample. Finally, likely muon sites are identified, and evidence for muon diffusion in these materials is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON L8P 4N1, Canada. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Heffner, RH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Luke, Graeme/A-9094-2010; Balakrishnan, Geetha/P-5977-2016 OI Balakrishnan, Geetha/0000-0002-5890-1149 NR 44 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094408 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000058 ER PT J AU Meldrum, A White, CW Keppens, V Boatner, LA Ewing, RC AF Meldrum, A White, CW Keppens, V Boatner, LA Ewing, RC TI Irradiation-induced amorphization of Cd2Nb2O7 pyrochlore SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ION-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; IN-SITU; ZIRCON; IMMOBILIZATION; RELEVANCE; MINERALS; MONAZITE; MODEL AB Several investigations have recently been undertaken in order to achieve a more complete understanding of the radiation-damage mechanisms in A(2)B(2)O(7) pyrochlore-structure compounds. The present work represents the first systematic study of the irradiation-induced amorphization of a pyrochlore with A- and B-site cation valences of +2 and +5, respectively. Relatively large single crystals of Cd2Nb2O7 were grown for these experiments. In situ ion-irradiation experiments were carried out in a transmission electron microscope in conjunction with ex situ Rutherford backscattering measurements of ion-irradiated Cd2Nb2O7 single crystals. Cd2Nb2O7 can be amorphized in situ by Ne or Xe ions at temperatures up to 480 and 620 K, respectively. At room temperature, the amorphization fluence was 36 times higher for 280 keV Ne+ than for 1200 keV Xe2+, corresponding to a displacement dose that was higher by a factor of 3. Disordering of Cd and Nb over the available cation sites occurs at intermediate ion doses prior to amorphization. The temperature dependence of the amorphization dose is modeled, and the results are compared to those of a previous model. The bulk-sample Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) results were generally consistent with the in situ TEM measurements. Effects of crystallographic orientation and ion charge state had relatively little effect on the damage accumulation in bulk crystals. The RES data are consistent with a defect-accumulation, cascade-overlap model of amorphization of Cd2Nb2O7, as are the in situ TEM observations. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Meldrum, A (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. NR 38 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 104109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.104109 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100029 ER PT J AU Muller, S Zunger, A AF Muller, S Zunger, A TI Structure of ordered and disordered alpha-brass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SHORT-RANGE ORDER; COHERENT-POTENTIAL-APPROXIMATION; RANDOM SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS; CU-ZN ALLOYS; TOTAL-ENERGY; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRANSITION-METAL; PHASE-STABILITY; GROUND-STATE AB Alloys of copper and zinc (brass) have been widely used since Neolithic times due to the discovery that unlike regular copper this alloy can be worked "cold" around a 3:1 copper-to-zinc ratio. While it is now known that the as-grown system is a disordered fcc solid solution, no 3:1 ordered phase has yet been directly observed even though the negative mixing enthalpy of the disordered alloy suggests ordering tendencies. Moreover, neutron scattering experiments have been deduced that this disordered alloy contains peculiar chains of Zn atoms. We have expressed the first-principles calculated total energy of general Cu-Zn fee-lattice configurations using a mixed-space cluster expansion. Application of Monte Carlo-simulated annealing to this generalized Ising-like Hamiltonian produces the predicted low-temperature ground state as well as finite-temperature phase diagram and short-range order. We find (i) that at low temperature the disordered fcc alloy will order into the DO23 structure, (ii) the high-temperature short-range order in close agreement with experiment, and (iii) chains of Zn atoms in the [001] direction, as seen experimentally. Furthermore, our model allows a detailed study of the influence and importance of strain on the phase stability. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Muller, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094204 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000040 ER PT J AU Niklasson, AMN Wills, JM Nordstrom, L AF Niklasson, AMN Wills, JM Nordstrom, L TI Spin density waves in Cr/Mo films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FE-CR; FE/CR(001) SUPERLATTICES; THIN-FILMS; CHROMIUM; MULTILAYERS; LAYERS; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETISM; SURFACES; REORIENTATION AB The energetics of spin density waves (SDW's) in Mo/Cr-N/Mo bcc (001) films has been investigated by means of first-principles density-functional theory. As the film thickness N is increased, a phase transition from a paramagnetic state to a SDW state occurs at about 35 monolayers of Cr. However, metastable SDW states appear already at about 20 monolayers of Cr and above. The Cr film behaves qualitatively different from what could be expected from its bulk properties, even for relatively thick films. The energetics of the SDW is analyzed in terms of the partial band gap whose depth and position relative to the Fermi level are related to the magnetic amplitude and ordering wave vector of the SDW. Furthermore, the vacuum/Cr-N/Mo bcc (001) system is investigated for which a spin-polarized Cr state is always found. Adding a single monolayer of Mo on top of Cr has an effect similar to adding an entire semi-infinite Mo crystal, and the magnetism is quenched below 35 monolayers of Cr. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 104417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.104417 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100059 ER PT J AU Norman, MR AF Norman, MR TI Magnetic collective mode dispersion in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; YBA2CU3O6.6; FLUCTUATIONS; EXCITATIONS AB Recent neutron-scattering experiments in the superconducting state of YBa2Cu3O6+x have been interpreted in terms of a magnetic collective mode whose dispersion relative to the commensurate wave vector has a curvature opposite in sign to a conventional magnon dispersion. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that simple linear-response calculations are in support of a collective-mode interpretation, and to explain why the dispersion has the curvature it does. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Norman, MR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 18 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 092509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.092509 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000023 ER PT J AU Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sercheli, MS Urbano, RR Rettori, C Fisk, Z Oseroff, SB AF Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sercheli, MS Urbano, RR Rettori, C Fisk, Z Oseroff, SB TI Antiferromagnetic ordering of divalent Eu in EuCu2Si2 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GADOLINIUM COMPOUNDS; VALENCE TRANSITION; FLUCTUATIONS; MAGNETISM; HEAT AB We report the synthesis, from an indium flux, of single crystals of EuCu2Si2. In contrast to previous studies of polycrystalline samples in which intermediate-valent behavior for Eu is reported, we find that in single crystals of EuCu2Si2 the behavior of Eu is divalent, including the presence of antiferromagnetic order at 10 K. The origins of these variations in ground-state properties are discussed in terms of effective chemical pressure and local changes in chemical environment. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rettori, Carlos/C-3966-2012; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Urbano, Ricardo/F-5017-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Rettori, Carlos/0000-0001-6692-7915; NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 092406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.092406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000013 ER PT J AU Rigg, PA Gupta, YM AF Rigg, PA Gupta, YM TI Multiple x-ray diffraction to determine transverse and longitudinal lattice deformation in shocked lithium fluoride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; WAVE COMPRESSION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NITROMETHANE; SPECTROSCOPY; LINE; LIF AB Experimental and analytic developments are described that utilize multiple x-ray diffraction to determine real-time, lattice deformation in directions parallel and perpendicular to shock-wave propagation in single crystals. Using a monochromatic x-ray source, two Bragg reflections were obtained simultaneously from LiF crystals shocked along the [111] and [100] directions. Symmetry permitted the transverse lattice deformation to be determined by measuring interplanar spacing longitudinally and in one other direction. We chose this to be a [110] direction in both cases because the intensity of,the (220) reflection is high and because the transverse deformation component from this measurement is relatively large. Due to the complex geometry involved, an analytic model was required to calculate the (220) peak shift under the deformation conditions of interest. This model was used both to design experiments and to analyze the results. It was determined that shock compression below 4 GPa along the [111] orientation-which results in macroscopic elastic deformation-produced, as expected, no transverse lattice deformation. in contrast; shock compression along the [100] orientation-which results in macroscopic elastic-plastic deformation-produced equal interplanar spacing changes along the longitudinal and transverse directions. The analytic developments and the implications of our results an discussed. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Shock Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Rigg, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094112 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000035 ER PT J AU Roy, AS Husmann, A Rosenbaum, TF Mitchell, JF AF Roy, AS Husmann, A Rosenbaum, TF Mitchell, JF TI Manipulating coincident charge and spin order with pressure and field in a doped manganite SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE EXCHANGE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PHASE-DIAGRAM; TRANSITION; LA1-XCAXMNO3; RESISTIVITY; OXIDES; WAVE AB The onset of charge order occurs simultaneously with the transition from ferromagnetic metal to antiferromagnetic insulator in Nd0.05Sr0.5MnO3. The application of hydrostatic pressures P greater than or equal to 15 kbar removes the degeneracy, as recorded in both the electrical resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility. The charge-ordered state moves swiftly to higher temperature with increasing pressure at the expense of the ferromagnetic charge liquid, dominating the energetics. An applied magnetic field H suppresses both the pressure-split charge order and the antiferromagnetism, but charge order preferentially, so by H = 2 T the two transitions are reunited. Finally, depinning domains of charge order with electric field deep in the antiferromagnetic insulator permits us to monitor pressure-induced changes in the charge (poly)crystal. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Roy, AS (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094416 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000066 ER PT J AU Song, C Wermeille, D Goldman, AI Canfield, PC Rhee, JY Harmon, BN AF Song, C Wermeille, D Goldman, AI Canfield, PC Rhee, JY Harmon, BN TI High-resolution resonant magnetic x-ray scattering on TbNi2B2C: Determination of the modulation wave vector in the orthorhombic phase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NICKEL BORIDE CARBIDES; WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ORDERED STATE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ERNI2B2C AB Resonant magnetic x-ray scattering measurements have been performed on a single crystal of TbNi2B2C to uniquely determine the modulation wave vector in the low-temperature orthorhombic phase. Below the transition temperature of 14.4(+/-0.1) K, two magnetic satellite peaks develop, centered on (h0)(orth) charge reflections. Our study shows that the longitudinal modulation of the magnetic moment is along, the longer basal plane axes of the orthorhombic phase. Power law fits to the temperature dependence of the structural distortion, a/b-1, and the magnetic scattering intensity result in the same exponent, beta, and transition temperature evidencing explicitly that the structural phase transition is magneto-elastic in origin. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Song, C (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Rhee, Joo/D-2987-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 104507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.104507 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100080 ER PT J AU Sturhahn, W AF Sturhahn, W TI Phase problem in synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; X-RAY; RADIATION; INTERFEROMETRY; DIFFRACTION AB The problem of phase determination in forward-directed scattering of synchrotron radiation by nuclei with sharp resonances is investigated. It is shown that the phase of the wave field can be uniquely obtained relative to a reference field from four intensity measurements. The knowledge of the relative phase permits reconstruction of the energy spectrum of the transmitted radiation. The coherent superposition of the two fields can be achieved by use of an x-ray interferometer. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sturhahn, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094105 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000028 ER PT J AU Sutter, JP Alp, EE Hu, MY Lee, PL Sinn, H Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Bortel, G Colella, R AF Sutter, JP Alp, EE Hu, MY Lee, PL Sinn, H Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Bortel, G Colella, R TI Multiple-beam x-ray diffraction near exact backscattering in silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY RESOLUTION; BRAGG BACKSCATTERING; CRYSTAL; ANGLES; PI/2 AB We examined multiple-beam effects accompanying a backscattering Bragg reflection from a silicon crystal. Silicon crystals are frequently used in x-ray diffraction applications due to their high degree of perfection. Backscattering Bragg reflections have been employed for x-ray monochromatization, energy analysis, and other tasks. Multiple-beam effects have been found to be unavoidable for backscattering of hard x-rays from silicon, but little experimental data had previously been collected on these effects. Detailed rocking curves of the (12 4 0) Bragg reflection near backscattering are included and compared to the predictions of the dynamical diffraction theory. Intensity data of the accompanying reflected beams are also provided. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Sutter, JP (reprint author), HASYLAB, DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. EM sutter@mail.desy.de NR 44 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 094111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.094111 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000034 ER PT J AU Torija, MA Pierce, JP Shen, J AF Torija, MA Pierce, JP Shen, J TI Magnetic capping layer induced spin reorientation: Co on Fe/Cu(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN FILMS; THICKNESS-DRIVEN; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; INPLANE; FE AB A spin reorientation phase transformation can occur either by a continuous process, such as spin canting, or by an abrupt spin rotation. We investigate the spin reorientation of ultrathin Fe/Cu(100) films induced by Co capping layers using the magneto-optical Kerr effect. The spin axis reorients from the perpendicular to the in-plane direction when the amount of Co exceeds some critical value. Experimental evidence indicates that this transformation involves the formation of multidomains. In the transition thickness regime, we observed that the perpendicular and the in-plane remanent magnetization are complementary, and attribute this to the presence of an inhomogeneous anisotropy field. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Shen, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 9 AR 092404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.092404 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408DV UT WOS:000167312000011 ER PT J AU Walti, C Felder, E Ott, HR Fisk, Z Smith, JL AF Walti, C Felder, E Ott, HR Fisk, Z Smith, JL TI Scaling properties of the magnetic-field-induced specific heat of superconducting UBe13 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MIXED-STATE; DEPENDENCE; VORTEX; LINES; SCATTERING; UPT3 AB We report on measurements of the low-temperature specific heat C-p(T,B) of the unconventional superconductor UBe13 in magnetic fields up to 7 T. At B approximate to2 T, a substantial change in the magnetic-field dependence of the temperature derivative of the magnetic-field induced contribution to the electronic specific heat C-H(T,B), resulting from the flow of supercurrents around the vortices, is observed, suggesting a crossover between two different regions in the superconducting phase diagram of UBe13. For fields B>2 T, C-H(T,B) exhibits a scaling behavior with respect to TB-1/2, which provides substantial evidence for the existence of point nodes in the quasiparticle excitation spectrum of the superconductor. C1 ETH Honggerberg, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Walti, C (reprint author), ETH Honggerberg, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 100505 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100017 ER PT J AU Zheludev, A Chen, Y Broholm, CL Honda, Z Katsumata, K AF Zheludev, A Chen, Y Broholm, CL Honda, Z Katsumata, K TI Haldane-gap excitations in the low-H-c one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet Ni(C5D14N2)(2)N-3(PF6) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID S=1 HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN DYNAMICS; CHAIN; NENP; Y2BANIO5; CSNICL3; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR AB Inelastic neutron scattering on deuterated single-crystal samples is used to study Haldane-gap excitations in the new S=1 one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet Ni(C5D14N2)(2)N-3(PF6), that was recently recognized as an ideal model system for high-field studies. The Haldane gap energies Delta (x)=0.42(3) meV, Delta (y) = 0.52(6) meV, and Delta (t) = 1.9(1) meV, for excitations polarized along the a, b, and c crystallographic axes, respectively, are measured. The dispersion relation is studied for momentum transfers both along and perpendicular to the chains' direction. The in-chain exchange constant J = 2.8 meV is found to be much larger than interchain coupling, J(y) = 1.8(4) x 10(-3) meV and J(x) = 4(3) x 10(-4) meV, along the b and a axes, respectively. The results are discussed in the context of future experiments in high magnetic fields. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892 NR 26 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 10 AR 104410 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.104410 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 409TQ UT WOS:000167402100052 ER PT J AU Bateman, N Abe, K Ball, G Buchmann, L Chow, J D'Auria, JM Fuchi, Y Iliadis, C Ishiyama, H Jackson, KP Karataglidis, S Kato, S Kubono, S Kumagai, K Kurokawa, M Liu, X Michimasa, S Strasser, P Tanaka, MH AF Bateman, N Abe, K Ball, G Buchmann, L Chow, J D'Auria, JM Fuchi, Y Iliadis, C Ishiyama, H Jackson, KP Karataglidis, S Kato, S Kubono, S Kumagai, K Kurokawa, M Liu, X Michimasa, S Strasser, P Tanaka, MH TI Measurement of the Mg-24(p,t)Mg-22 reaction and implications for the Na-21(p,gamma)Mg-22 stellar reaction rate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVELS; NOVAE; NA-22; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; AL-26 AB Levels in Mg-22 between 4 and 7 MeV excitation energy have been populated in a high-resolution study of the Mg-24(p,t)Mg-22 reaction. Two new states have been observed at energies E-x = 5090 and 6323 keV, while two states were observed at 5962 and 6046 keV. The precision in measured excitation energies for several other Mg-22 levels has been improved substantially. In addition, a new state at 8141 keV was observed in Mg-23. Using spin and parity restrictions from the present and previous work, we discuss T = 1 analog state assignments of A = 22 nuclei below 7 MeV excitation energy. The implications for the rate of the stellar reaction Na-21(p, gamma)Mg-22 which takes part in hydrogen burning during nova outbursts are presented. C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Tokyo CNS, Ctr Nucl Study, Wako, Saitama 310198, Japan. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. KEK, IPNS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Yamagata Univ, Yamagata 9900021, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 310198, Japan. RP Bateman, N (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RI Strasser, Patrick/D-8104-2013 OI Strasser, Patrick/0000-0002-2370-2166 NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 035803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.035803 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000072 ER PT J AU Freer, M Murgatroyd, JT Singer, SM Curtis, N Henderson, DJ Hofman, DJ Wuosmaa, AH AF Freer, M Murgatroyd, JT Singer, SM Curtis, N Henderson, DJ Hofman, DJ Wuosmaa, AH TI C-12+C-12 and O-16+Be-8 decay of Mg-24 states populated in the C-12(Ne-20,Mg-24*)Be-8 reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRICAL FISSION; BREAKUP REACTIONS; RESONANCES; S-32 AB The C-12+C-12 and Be-8+O-16 decay of Mg-24 states populated in the C-12(Ne-20,Mg-24*) reaction has been studied at beam energies of 160 and 110 MeV. Evidence for excited states, which decay by C-12 and Be-8 emission, is observed for the excitation energy range 22 to 33 MeV. Angular correlation analysis shows that the spins of these states lie in the range of 6 to 12 (h) over bar. These measurements further indicate that the breakup states possess a 4p-4h structure. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Surrey, Sch Phys & Chem, Surrey GU2 7XH, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Freer, M (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RI Freer, Martin/F-9379-2013 NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034317 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000031 ER PT J AU Jeschonnek, S AF Jeschonnek, S TI Unfactorized versus factorized calculations for H-2(e,e ' p) reactions at GeV energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FINAL-STATE INTERACTION; POLARIZATION RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; MISSING-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION; NUCLEON CROSS-SECTIONS; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; IMPULSE APPROXIMATION; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; E,E'P REACTIONS; OBSERVABLES; ASYMMETRY AB In the literature, one often finds calculations of(e,e'p) reactions at GeV energies using the factorization approach. Factorization implies that the differential cross section can be written as the product of an off-shell electron-proton cross section and a distorted missing momentum distribution. While this factorization appears in the nonrelativistic plane wave impulse approximation, it is broken in a more realistic approach. The main source of factorization breaking is final state interactions. In this paper, sources of factorization breaking are identified and their numerical relevance is examined in the reaction H-2(e,e'p) for various kinematic settings in the GeV regime. The results imply that factorization should not be used for precision calculations, especially as unfactorized calculations are available. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Jeschonnek, S (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Jeschonnek, Sabine/0000-0002-8603-7589 NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034609 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000046 ER PT J AU Johnson, MB Kopeliovich, BZ Tarasov, AV AF Johnson, MB Kopeliovich, BZ Tarasov, AV TI Broadening of transverse momentum of partons propagating through a medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; HIGH-ENERGY PARTONS; DRELL-YAN PAIRS; LARGE NUCLEUS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; SMALL-X; QUARK; SATURATION AB Broadening of the transverse momentum of a parton propagating through a medium is treated using the color dipole formalism, which has the advantage of being a well developed phenomenology in deep-inelastic scattering and soft processes. Within this approach, nuclear broadening should be treated as color filtering, i.e., absorption of large-size dipoles leading to diminishing (enlarged) transverse separation (momentum). We also present a more intuitive derivation based on the classic scattering theory of Moliere. This derivation helps one to understand the origin of the dipole cross section, part of which comes from attenuation of the quark, while another part is due to multiple interactions of the quark. It also demonstrates that the lowest-order rescattering term provides an A dependence very different from the generally accepted A(1/3) behavior. The effect of broadening increases with energy, and we evaluate it using different phenomenological models for the unintegrated gluon density. Although the process is dominated by soft interactions, the phenomenology we use is tested using hadronic cross section data. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Johnson, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 59 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 035203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.035203 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000063 ER PT J AU Kahana, DE Kahana, SH AF Kahana, DE Kahana, SH TI Inclusive particle spectra at (56 and 130)A GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HADRON-NUCLEUS; PARTON MODEL; ENERGY; THERMALIZATION; FRAGMENTATION; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; CASCADE AB A simulation is performed of the recently reported data from PHOBOS at energies of root(s) over bar = 56,130A GeV using the relativistic heavy ion cascade LUCIFER which had previously given a good description of the NA49 inclusive spectra at root(s) over bar = 17.2A GeV. The results compare well with these early measurements at RHIC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kahana, DE (reprint author), 31 Pembrook Dr, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. OI Kahana, David Ewan/0000-0003-1266-9089 NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 031901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.031901 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000006 ER PT J AU Langanke, K Kolbe, E Dean, DJ AF Langanke, K Kolbe, E Dean, DJ TI Unblocking of the Gamow-Teller strength in stellar electron capture on neutron-rich germanium isotopes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID WEAK-INTERACTION RATES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS NUCLEI; MODEL MONTE-CARLO; SD-SHELL NUCLEI; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; CORE COLLAPSE AB We propose a new model to calculate stellar electron capture rates for neutron-rich nuclei. These nuclei are encountered in the core collapse of a massive star. Using the shell model Monte Carlo approach, we first calculate the finite temperature occupation numbers in the parent nucleus. We then use these occupation numbers as a starting point for calculations using the random phase approximation (RPA). Using the RPA approach. we calculate electron capture rates including both allowed and forbidden transitions. Such a hybrid model is particularly useful for nuclei with proton numbers Z < 40 and neutron numbers N > 40, where allowed Gamow-Teller transitions are only possible due to configuration mixing by the residual interaction and by thermal unblocking of pf-shell single-particle states. Using the even germanium isotopes Ge68-76 as examples, we demonstrate that the configuration mixing is strong enough to unblock the Gamow-Teller transitions at all temperatures relevant to core-collapse supernovae. C1 Univ Aarhus, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Langanke, K (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 24 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.032801 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000007 ER PT J AU Leonidov, A Ostrovsky, D AF Leonidov, A Ostrovsky, D TI Azimuthal asymmetry in transverse energy flow in nuclear collisions at high energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CLASSICAL GLUON RADIATION; MODEL; MINIJETS AB The azimuthal pattern of transverse energy flow in nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies is considered. We show that the probability distribution of the event-by-event azimuthal disbalance in transverse energy flow is essentially sensitive to the presence of the semihard minijet component. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Dept Theoret Phys, Moscow 117924, Russia. RP Leonidov, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 037901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.037901 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000080 ER PT J AU Merrill, F Iijima, T Koran, P Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Berdoz, AR Burger, T Burger, M Chrien, RE Davis, CA Diebold, GE En'yo, H Fischer, H Franklin, GB Franz, J Gan, L Gill, DR Imai, K Kondo, Y Landry, M Lee, L Lowe, J Magahiz, R Masaike, A McCrady, R Meyer, CA Nelson, JM Okada, K Page, SA Paschke, K Pile, PH Quinn, BP Ramsay, WD Rossle, E Rusek, A Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Schumacher, RA Stearns, RL Stotzer, RW Sukaton, IR Sum, V Sutter, R Szymanski, JJ Takeutchi, F van Oers, WTH Yamamoto, K Zeps, VJ Zybert, R AF Merrill, F Iijima, T Koran, P Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Berdoz, AR Burger, T Burger, M Chrien, RE Davis, CA Diebold, GE En'yo, H Fischer, H Franklin, GB Franz, J Gan, L Gill, DR Imai, K Kondo, Y Landry, M Lee, L Lowe, J Magahiz, R Masaike, A McCrady, R Meyer, CA Nelson, JM Okada, K Page, SA Paschke, K Pile, PH Quinn, BP Ramsay, WD Rossle, E Rusek, A Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Schumacher, RA Stearns, RL Stotzer, RW Sukaton, IR Sum, V Sutter, R Szymanski, JJ Takeutchi, F van Oers, WTH Yamamoto, K Zeps, VJ Zybert, R TI H-dibaryon search via Xi(-) capture on the deuteron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE-POTENTIAL APPROACH; BARYON-BARYON SCATTERING; K-,K+ REACTION; WEAK DECAY; NUCLEON AB A search for the H dibaryon has been conducted at the Brookhaven National Laboratory AGS, using a 1.8 GeV/C K- beam. Xi (-) hyperons were produced in a liquid-hydrogen target via the reaction K-+p-->K-. The hyperons were slowed in degraders and those most likely to stop in an adjacent liquid-deuterium target were tagged by silicon detectors. Monoenergetic neutrons were sought as the signature for H formation in (Xi (-),d)(atom)-->H+n. The experiment was designed for optimal sensitivity to a loosely-bound H. complementing recent (K-,K+) measurements on nuclear targets. In addition, the experiment's sensitivity was independent of lifetime and of decay modes of the H. No statistically significant evidence for H formation was seen. Upper limits on the branching ratio for H formation in the above reaction have been set in a mass range extending from slightly above Lambda Lambda threshold to similar to 100 MeV of binding and are compared with a corresponding theoretical prediction. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Vassar Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA. Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. RP Merrill, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014 OI Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378; Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 035206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.035206 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000066 ER PT J AU Myers, WD Swiatecki, WJ AF Myers, WD Swiatecki, WJ TI Isospin dependence of the nuclear surface tension SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB Using the Thomas-Fermi nuclear model we have constructed a standard dimensionless function (a simple hyperbola) which can be used to estimate the dependence of the surface tension gamma on the relative neutron excess delta for a variety of models, using only the models' properties calculated for standard (semi-infinite) nuclear matter with delta =0. We add some comments clarifying the relation between the Gibbs and the droplet model definitions, gamma (mu) and gamma (e), of the surface tension. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Myers, WD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034318 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000032 ER PT J AU Shaughnessy, DA Gregorich, KE Lane, MR Laue, CA Lee, DM McGrath, CA Strellis, DA Sylwester, ER Wilk, PA Hoffman, DC AF Shaughnessy, DA Gregorich, KE Lane, MR Laue, CA Lee, DM McGrath, CA Strellis, DA Sylwester, ER Wilk, PA Hoffman, DC TI Electron-capture delayed fission probabilities of Es-248 and Es-246 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Electron-capture delayed fission was observed in 26-min Es-248 and 7.7-min Es-246, which were produced at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-Inch Cyclotron via Cf-249(p,2n) and Cf-249(p,4n) reactions at proton energies of 18 and 37 MeV on target, respectively. The delayed fission probabilities were determined to be (3.5+/-1.8) x 10(-6) for Es-248 and (3.7(-3.0)(+8.5)) x 10(-5) for Es-246. These values were determined in separate experiments using our automated rotating wheel online collection and measurement system. Collection and measurement times were optimized for the isotope being measured. The measured delayed fission probabilities are consistent with the experimentally observed trend of increasing delayed fission probability with increasing Q value for electron capture. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shaughnessy, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 037603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.037603 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000079 ER PT J AU Tomlin, BE Barton, CJ Zamfir, NV Caprio, MA Gill, RL Krucken, R Novak, JR Cooper, JR Zyromski, KE Cata-Danil, G Beausang, CW Wolf, A Pietralla, NA Newman, H Cederkall, J Liu, BY Wang, Z Casten, RF Brenner, DS AF Tomlin, BE Barton, CJ Zamfir, NV Caprio, MA Gill, RL Krucken, R Novak, JR Cooper, JR Zyromski, KE Cata-Danil, G Beausang, CW Wolf, A Pietralla, NA Newman, H Cederkall, J Liu, BY Wang, Z Casten, RF Brenner, DS TI Measurements of Se-70, Se-71, Br-72, and Br-73 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR; MASSES AB The path and termination point for the rapid proton-capture (rp) process above Ni-56 is uncertain due to a lack of knowledge of nuclear properties, especially masses, near the proton drip line. To address this need we have begun a program to measure masses along the rp-process path in the A similar to 60-80 region using beta-gamma coincidence spectroscopy, Q(EC) values derived from beta (+) spectrum end points were used to calculate mass excess values for Se-70, Se-71, Br-72, Br-73. The results are compared to predictions of mass models and to estimates based on systematic trends in this region. C1 Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Nucl Res Ctr, Negev, Israel. RP Brenner, DS (reprint author), Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. RI cata-danil, gheorghe/F-2504-2011; Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034314 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034314 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000028 ER PT J AU Viesti, G Rizzi, V Cinausero, N Gelli, N Gadea, A Bazzacco, D Algora-Pineda, A Appelbee, D de Angelis, G Belcari, N De Poli, M Drake, TE Fabris, D Farnea, E Fioretto, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Krolas, W Kroll, T Lucarelli, F Lunardi, S Lunardon, M Martinez, T Menegazzo, R Nayak, BK Nebbia, G Napoli, DR Nyako, B Petrache, C Podolyak, Z Prete, G Alvarez, CR Spolaore, P Ur, C Zuber, K AF Viesti, G Rizzi, V Cinausero, N Gelli, N Gadea, A Bazzacco, D Algora-Pineda, A Appelbee, D de Angelis, G Belcari, N De Poli, M Drake, TE Fabris, D Farnea, E Fioretto, E Galindo-Uribarri, A Krolas, W Kroll, T Lucarelli, F Lunardi, S Lunardon, M Martinez, T Menegazzo, R Nayak, BK Nebbia, G Napoli, DR Nyako, B Petrache, C Podolyak, Z Prete, G Alvarez, CR Spolaore, P Ur, C Zuber, K TI Observation of a double giant dipole resonance in fusion-evaporation reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMMA; DETECTOR; NUCLEI AB The emission of two coincident energetic (E greater than or equal to8 MeV) gamma rays has been observed in the 187 MeV Cl-37 + Sn-120 reaction by using the cluster detectors of the EUROBALL III array. Those events are attributed to the decay of the double giant dipole resonance built on highly excited states. C1 Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Inst Nucl Res, ATOMKI, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. RP Viesti, G (reprint author), Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RI prete, gianfranco/A-9244-2012; Lucarelli, Franco/F-3465-2013; Krolas, Wojciech/N-9391-2013; Petrache, Costel/E-9867-2012; Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014; Gadea, Andres/L-8529-2014; Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012; Menegazzo, Roberto/J-5853-2012 OI Lucarelli, Franco/0000-0001-7772-8858; Petrache, Costel/0000-0001-8419-1390; Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506; Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970; Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958; Menegazzo, Roberto/0000-0002-3060-5276 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 034611 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 411AB UT WOS:000167475000048 ER PT J AU Anselmino, M Boer, D D'Alesio, U Murgia, F AF Anselmino, M Boer, D D'Alesio, U Murgia, F TI lambda polarization from unpolarized quark fragmentation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-SPIN ASYMMETRIES; INCLUSIVE PION-PRODUCTION; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; HYPERON POLARIZATION; HARD-SCATTERING; HIGH-ENERGY; MODEL; LEPTOPRODUCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD AB The long-standing problem of explaining the observed polarization of Lambda hyperons, inclusively produced in the high-energy collisions of unpolarized hadrons, is tackled by considering spin- and k(perpendicular to)-dependent quark-fragmentation functions. The data on Lambda 's and <()over bar>'s produced in p-N processes are used to determine simple phenomenological expressions for these new "polarizing fragmentation functions," which describe the experiments remarkably well. C1 Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Teor, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy. Univ Cagliari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy. RP Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Teor, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RI D'Alesio, Umberto/J-2427-2012; Boer, Daniel/B-3493-2015; OI Boer, Daniel/0000-0003-0985-4662; Anselmino, Mauro/0000-0003-0900-8001; D'Alesio, Umberto/0000-0002-2706-320X NR 49 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 054029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.054029 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000047 ER PT J AU Arkani-Hamed, N Hall, L Smith, D Weiner, N AF Arkani-Hamed, N Hall, L Smith, D Weiner, N TI Exponentially small supersymmetry breaking from extra dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; MILLIMETER; COSMOLOGY; MODELS; TEV AB The supersymmetric ''shining'' of free massive chiral superfields in extra dimensions from a distant source brane can trigger exponentially small supersymmetry breaking on our brane of order e(-2 piR), where R is the radius of the extra dimensions. This supersymmetry breaking can be transmitted to the superpartners in a number of ways, for instance by gravity or via the standard model gauge interactions. The radius R can easily he stabilized at a size O(10) larger that the fundamental scale. The models are extremely simple, relying only on free, classical bulk dynamics to solve the hierarchy problem. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arkani-Hamed, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 056003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.056003 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000073 ER PT J AU Bern, Z Dixon, L Ghinculov, A AF Bern, Z Dixon, L Ghinculov, A TI Two-loop correction to Bhabha scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TO-LEADING ORDER; YAN CROSS-SECTION; LIGHT-LIKE LEGS; QCD AMPLITUDES; GAUGE-THEORY; DOUBLE BOX; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; HELICITY AMPLITUDES; SPLITTING FUNCTIONS; INFRARED BEHAVIOR AB We present the two-loop virtual QED corrections to e(+) e(-) --> mu (+) mu (-) and Bhabha scattering in dimensional regularization. The results are expressed in terms of polylogarithms. The form of the infrared divergences agrees with previous expectations. These results are a crucial ingredient in the complete next-to-next-to-leading order QED corrections to these processes. A future application will be to reduce theoretical uncertainties associated with luminosity measurements at e(+) e(-) colliders. The calculation also tests methods that may be applied to analogous QCD processes. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 62 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 053007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.053007 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000012 ER PT J AU Breitweg, J Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Pellegrino, A Repond, J Stanek, R Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Rautenberg, J Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Wieber, H Bailey, DS Barret, O Brook, NH Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Jeoung, HY Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Liu, W Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Sampson, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bienlein, JK Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Desler, K Drews, G Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Goebel, F Goers, S Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hasell, D Hebbel, K Hillert, S Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Mankel, R Martens, J Martinez, M Milite, M Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Rohde, M Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Sievers, M Stonjek, S Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Coldewey, C Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Straub, PB Barbagli, G Gallo, E Parenti, A Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Wolfle, S Bussey, PJ Bell, M Doyle, AT Glasman, C Lee, SW Lupi, A Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Carli, T Garfagnini, A Gialas, I Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Goncalo, R Long, KR Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Mallik, U Cloth, P Filges, D Ishii, T Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Ahn, SH Lee, SB Park, SK Lim, H Park, IH Son, D Barreiro, F Garcia, G Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG Wing, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, M Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Schagen, S van Sighem, A Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Grosse-Knetter, J Matsushita, T Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Dusini, S Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Turcato, M Voci, C Adamczyk, L Iannotti, L Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Saull, PRB Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Butterworth, JM Hayes, ME Heaphy, EA Jones, TW Lane, JB West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Grzelak, G Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Gadaj, T Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Foudas, C Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wildschek, T Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Catterall, C Cole, JE Frisken, WR Hall-Wilton, R Khakzad, M Menary, S AF Breitweg, J Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Pellegrino, A Repond, J Stanek, R Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Rautenberg, J Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Wieber, H Bailey, DS Barret, O Brook, NH Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Jeoung, HY Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Liu, W Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Sampson, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bienlein, JK Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Desler, K Drews, G Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Goebel, F Goers, S Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hasell, D Hebbel, K Hillert, S Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Mankel, R Martens, J Martinez, M Milite, M Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Rohde, M Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Sievers, M Stonjek, S Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Coldewey, C Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Straub, PB Barbagli, G Gallo, E Parenti, A Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Wolfle, S Bussey, PJ Bell, M Doyle, AT Glasman, C Lee, SW Lupi, A Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Carli, T Garfagnini, A Gialas, I Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Goncalo, R Long, KR Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Mallik, U Cloth, P Filges, D Ishii, T Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Ahn, SH Lee, SB Park, SK Lim, H Park, IH Son, D Barreiro, F Garcia, G Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG Wing, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, M Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Schagen, S van Sighem, A Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Grosse-Knetter, J Matsushita, T Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Dusini, S Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Turcato, M Voci, C Adamczyk, L Iannotti, L Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Saull, PRB Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Butterworth, JM Hayes, ME Heaphy, EA Jones, TW Lane, JB West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Grzelak, G Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Gadaj, T Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Foudas, C Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wildschek, T Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Catterall, C Cole, JE Frisken, WR Hall-Wilton, R Khakzad, M Menary, S CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Search for resonance decays to a (nu)over-bar plus jet in e(+)p scattering at DESY HERA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; EP COLLISIONS AB A study of the <()over bar>-jet mass spectrum in e(+) p--><()over bar>X events at a center-of-mass energy 300 GeV has been performed with the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider at DESY using an integrated luminosity of 47.7 pb(-1). The mass spectrum is in good agreement with that expected from standard model processes over the <()over bar>-jet mass range studied. No significant excess attributable to the decay of a narrow resonance is observed. By using both e(+) p-->e(+) X and e(+) p--><()over bar>X data, mass-dependent limits are set on the s-channel production of scalar and vector resonant states. Couplings to first-generation quarks are considered and limits are presented as a function of the e(+) q and <()over bar>q branching ratios. These limits are used to constrain the production of leptoquarks and R-parity violating squarks. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Acad Min & Met, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg Breisgau, Fac Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 1, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 2, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Imperial Coll London, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636 NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 052002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.052002 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000005 ER PT J AU Haba, N Murayama, H AF Haba, N Murayama, H TI Anarchy and hierarchy: An approach to study models of fermion masses and mixings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRINO; ANGLES AB We advocate a new approach to study models of fermion masses and mixings, namely, the anarchy proposed by Hall, Murayama, and Weiner. In this approach, we scan the O(1) coefficients randomly. We argue that this is the correct approach when the fundamental theory is sufficiently complicated. Assuming that there is no physical distinction among three generations of neutrinos, the probability distributions in Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata mixing angles can be predicted independent of the choice of the measure. This is because the mixing angles are distributed according to the Haar measure of the Lie groups whose elements diagonalize the mass matrices. The near-maximal mixings, as observed in the atmospheric neutrino data and as required in the large mixing angle solution to the solar neutrino problem, are highly probable. A small hierarchy between Deltam(2) for the atmospheric and the solar neutrinos is obtained very easily; the complex seesaw case gives a hierarchy of a factor of 20 as the most probable one, even though this conclusion is more measure dependent. U-e3 has to be just below the current limit from the CHOOZ experiment. The CP-violating parameter sin delta is preferred to be maximal. We present a simple SU(5)-like extension of anarchy to the charged lepton and quark sectors that works well phenomenologically. C1 Mie Univ, Fac Engn, Tsu, Mie 5148507, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Haba, N (reprint author), Mie Univ, Fac Engn, Tsu, Mie 5148507, Japan. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 17 TC 134 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 053010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.053010 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000015 ER PT J AU Haber, HE Herrero, MJ Logan, HE Penaranda, S Rigolin, S Temes, D AF Haber, HE Herrero, MJ Logan, HE Penaranda, S Rigolin, S Temes, D TI Supersymmetric QCD corrections to the minimal supersymmetric standard model h(0)b(b)over-bar vertex in the decoupling limit SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LIGHTEST HIGGS-BOSON; FERMILAB TEVATRON COLLIDER; HADRONIC DECAY WIDTH; CERN LHC; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; YUKAWA UNIFICATION; 2-LOOP LEVEL; MSSM; MASS; RENORMALIZATION AB We analyze the supersymmetric (SUSY) QCD contribution to the h(o)b (b) over bar coupling at one loop in the minimal supersymmetric standard model in the decoupling limit. Analytic expressions in the large SUSY mass region are derived and the decoupling behavior of the corrections is examined in various limiting cases, where some or all of the SUSY mass parameters become large. We show that in the decoupling limit of Large SUSY mass parameters and large CP-odd Higgs boson mass, the h(o)b (b) over bar coupling approaches its standard model value at one loop. However, the onset of decoupling is delayed when tan beta is large. in addition, the one-loop SUSY-QCD corrections decouple if the masses of either the bottom squarks or the gluino are separately taken large; although the approach to decoupling is significantly slower in the fatter case. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Haber, HE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM haber@scipp.ucsc.edu; herrero@delta.ft.uam.es; logan@fnal.gov; siannah@delta.ft.uam.es; srigolin@umich.edu; temes@delta.ft.uam.es OI Rigolin, Stefano/0000-0002-7609-8820 NR 66 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 055004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.055004 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000063 ER PT J AU Jung, CW Edwards, RG Ji, XD Gadiyak, V AF Jung, CW Edwards, RG Ji, XD Gadiyak, V TI Residual chiral symmetry breaking in domain-wall fermions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID WILSON-DIRAC OPERATOR; LATTICE QCD; GAUGE-THEORIES; QUENCHED QCD; BACKGROUNDS; CONDENSATE; TOPOLOGY; OVERLAP AB We study the effective quark mass induced by the finite separation of the domain walls in the domain-wall formulation of chiral fermion as the function of the size of the fifth dimension (L-s), the gauge coupling beta and the physical volume V. We measure the mass by calculating the small eigenvalues of the Hermitian domain-wall Dine operator [H-DWF(m(o))] in the topologically-nontrivial quenched SU(3) gauge configurations. We find that the induced quark mass is nearly independent of the physical volume, decays exponentially as a function of L-s, and has a strong dependence on the size of quantum fluctuations controlled by beta. The effect of the choice of the lattice gluon action is also studied. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 054509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.054509 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000058 ER PT J AU Savinov, V Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Gao, YS Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, R Boulahouache, C Bukin, K Dambasuren, E Karamov, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Wang, JC Wolf, A Wu, J Kopp, S Kostin, M Mahmood, AH Csorna, SE Danko, I McLean, KW Xu, Z Godang, R Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Dubrovin, M McGee, S Zhou, GJ Lipeles, E Pappas, SP Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Weinstein, AJ Morrison, RJ Briere, RA Chen, GP Gritsan, A Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Blanc, F Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Drell, PS Duboscq, JE Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Hsu, L Jones, CD Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DJ Lohner, M Magerkurth, A Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Nordberg, E Palmer, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Romano, A Thayer, JG Urner, D Valant-Spaight, B Viehhauser, G Warburton, A Avery, P Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Stoeck, H Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Ershov, A Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JJ Williams, J Edwards, KW Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Bean, A Besson, D Zhao, X Anderson, S Frolov, VV Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Stepaniak, CJ Urheim, J Ahmed, S Alam, MS Athar, SB Jian, L Ling, L Saleem, M Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Eckhart, E Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kass, R Pedlar, TK Schwarthoff, H Thayer, JB von Toerne, E Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Pavlunin, V Cronin-Hennessy, D Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH AF Savinov, V Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Gao, YS Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, R Boulahouache, C Bukin, K Dambasuren, E Karamov, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Wang, JC Wolf, A Wu, J Kopp, S Kostin, M Mahmood, AH Csorna, SE Danko, I McLean, KW Xu, Z Godang, R Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Dubrovin, M McGee, S Zhou, GJ Lipeles, E Pappas, SP Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Weinstein, AJ Morrison, RJ Briere, RA Chen, GP Gritsan, A Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Blanc, F Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Drell, PS Duboscq, JE Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Hsu, L Jones, CD Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DJ Lohner, M Magerkurth, A Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Nordberg, E Palmer, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Romano, A Thayer, JG Urner, D Valant-Spaight, B Viehhauser, G Warburton, A Avery, P Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Stoeck, H Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Ershov, A Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JJ Williams, J Edwards, KW Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Bean, A Besson, D Zhao, X Anderson, S Frolov, VV Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Stepaniak, CJ Urheim, J Ahmed, S Alam, MS Athar, SB Jian, L Ling, L Saleem, M Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Eckhart, E Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kass, R Pedlar, TK Schwarthoff, H Thayer, JB von Toerne, E Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Pavlunin, V Cronin-Hennessy, D Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH CA CLEO Collaboration TI Search for a scalar bottom quark with mass 3.5-4.5 GeV/c(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; HADRON-PRODUCTION; E+E ANNIHILATION; DETECTOR; ENERGIES AB We report on a search for a supersymmetric (B) over tilde meson with mass between 3.5 and 4.5 GeV/c(2) using 4.52 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity produced at roots = 10.52 GeV, just below the e(+)e(-) --> B(B) over bar threshold, and collected with the CLEO detector. We find no evidence for a light scalar bottom quark. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas Pan Amer, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Savinov, V (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 051101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.051101 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000001 ER PT J AU Silva, JP Wolfenstein, L AF Silva, JP Wolfenstein, L TI Implications of the possibility that sin 2 beta is small SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DIRECT CP VIOLATION; DISCRETE AMBIGUITIES; UNITARITY TRIANGLE; STANDARD MODEL; WEAK PHASE; B-DECAYS; NEUTRAL KAON; PHYSICS; ASYMMETRIES; EPSILON'/EPSILON AB Recently, the Babar and Belle Collaborations have reported their first measurements of the CP-violating asymmetry in B-d-->psiK(S), and more precise results will follow soon. We discuss what future evidence for small sin 2 beta could mean, contrasting the usual possibility of new physics in the B-d system with the interesting alternative that the new physics effects are confined to the kaon system. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Inst Super Engn Lisboa, P-1900 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Silva, Joao/A-2896-2009; Physics Department, ISEL/F-6664-2010 OI Silva, Joao/0000-0002-6455-9618; NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 056001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.056001 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000071 ER PT J AU Suzuki, M AF Suzuki, M TI Possible hadronic excess in psi(2S) decay and the rho pi puzzle SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXCLUSIVE CHARMONIUM DECAYS; FINAL-STATE INTERACTION; J/PSI-DECAYS; PSI' DECAYS; POSSIBLE EXPLANATION; PSEUDOSCALAR MESON; VECTOR-MESONS; FORM-FACTOR; PSI'-DECAYS; AMPLITUDES AB We study the so-called rho pi puzzle of psi (2S) decay by incorporating two inputs: the relative phase between the one-photon and the gluonic decay amplitude, and a possible hadronic excess in the inclusive nonelectromagnetic decay rate of psi (2S). We look into the possibility that the hadronic excess in psi (2S) originates from a decay process of long-distance origin which is absent from the J/psi decay. We propose that the amplitude of this additional process happens to nearly cancel the short-distance gluonic amplitude in the exclusive decay psi (2S)--> 1(-)0(-) and turn the sum dominantly real in contrast to the J/psi, decay. We present the general consequences of this mechanism and survey two models which might possibly explain the source of this additional amplitude. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Suzuki, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 054021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.054021 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000039 ER PT J AU Tippens, WB Abaev, V Batinic, M Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Chrien, RE Clajus, M Isenhower, D Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Leitch, MJ Marusic, A Moriwaki, T Morrison, T Nefkens, BMK Peng, JC Pile, PH Price, JW Rigsby, D Sadler, ME Sawafta, R Slaus, I Seyfarth, H Starostin, A Supek, I Sutter, RJ Svarc, A White, DB AF Tippens, WB Abaev, V Batinic, M Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Chrien, RE Clajus, M Isenhower, D Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Leitch, MJ Marusic, A Moriwaki, T Morrison, T Nefkens, BMK Peng, JC Pile, PH Price, JW Rigsby, D Sadler, ME Sawafta, R Slaus, I Seyfarth, H Starostin, A Supek, I Sutter, RJ Svarc, A White, DB TI Measurement of charge symmetry breaking by the comparison of pi(+)d -> pp eta with pi(-)d -> nn eta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; P ELASTIC-SCATTERING; 3-CHANNEL; AMPLITUDE; DEUTERON; PI+P AB We report a measurement of charge symmetry breaking in the NN eta system. We have measured the ratio of the differential cross sections of the charge-symmetric reactions pi (+) d-->pp eta and pi (-) d-->nn eta in the energy region of the eta threshold. Our result is R = d sigma(pi (+) d-->pp eta)/d sigma(pi (-) d-->nn eta) = 0.938+/-0.009 after a phase- space correction is made for the difference in the threshold energies of the two reactions. The deviation of R from unity is an indication of charge symmetry breaking, which is mostly due to pi (0)- eta mixing. A theoretical model for eta production which includes pi (0) - eta mixing was used to fit the data and yields a mixing angle of (1.5+/-0.4)degrees. Our result is consistent with the mixing angle determined in particle decay and isospin-forbidden processes as well as predictions by several theoretical analyses which yield approximate to1 degrees and another which yields approximate to2 degrees. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Leningrad Distr, Russia. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 052001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.052001 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 407DY UT WOS:000167258000004 ER PT J AU Braun, OM Paliy, MV Roder, J Bishop, AR AF Braun, OM Paliy, MV Roder, J Bishop, AR TI Locked-to-running transition in the two-dimensional underdamped driven Frenkel-Kontorova model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DC-DRIVEN; NUCLEATION; DYNAMICS; MOTION; HYSTERESIS; MOBILITY; FRICTION; KINKS AB We study the nonlinear de response of a two-dimensional underdamped system of interacting atoms subject to an isotropic periodic external potential with triangular symmetry. We consider various values of the effective elastic constant of the system, two different atomic interaction potentials, and different concentrations of atoms. In the case of a closely packed layer, when its structure is commensurate with the substrate, there is a locked-to-running transition as a function of the driving farce, whose mechanism depends on the effective elastic constant. For a low elastic constant, where the layer is weakly coupled, the transition is achieved via the creation of an avalanche of moving particles that leaves a depleted region in its wake. On increasing the effective elastic constant the depleted region becomes less marked and there is a crossover to a scenario in which an island of moving particles nucleates the transition. In the case of a partially filled atomic layer, several dynamical phase transitions between states with different atomic mobility are observed. The mobility of atoms as a function of the external force can vary nonmonotonically with increasing force. For the case of a small external damping, the system can be trapped at a large force in an immobile metastable state, thus demonstrating a "fuse-safety device" on an atomic scale. C1 Natl Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, UA-252022 Kiev, Ukraine. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Braun, OM (reprint author), Natl Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, UA-252022 Kiev, Ukraine. EM obraun@iop.kiev.ua NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 036129 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.036129 PN 2 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QV UT WOS:000167624000037 PM 11308731 ER PT J AU Chisolm, ED Clements, BE Wallace, DC AF Chisolm, ED Clements, BE Wallace, DC TI Mean-atom-trajectory model for the velocity autocorrelation function of monatomic liquids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INSTANTANEOUS NORMAL-MODES; SHORT-TIME DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY LANDSCAPE; SELF-DIFFUSION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; BAND-STRUCTURE; GLASS-TRANSITION; INHERENT STRUCTURE; NONLINEAR ASPECTS; STATE DYNAMICS AB We present a model for the motion of an average atom in a Liquid or supercooled liquid state and apply it to calculations of the velocity autocorrelation function Z(t) and diffusion coefficient D. The model trajectory consists of oscillations at a distribution of frequencies characteristic of the normal modes of a single potential valley, interspersed with position- and velocity-conserving transits to similar adjacent valleys. The resulting predictions for Z(t) and D agree remarkably well with molecular dynamics simulations of Na at up to almost three times its melting temperature. Two independent processes in the model relax velocity autocorrelations: ia) dephasing due to the presence of many frequency components, which operates at all temperatures but which produces no diffusion, and (b) the transit process, which increases with increasing temperature and which produces diffusion. Because the model provides a single-atom trajectory in real space and time, including transits, it may be used to calculate all single-atom correlation functions. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chisolm, ED (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 031204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.031204 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QU UT WOS:000167623900023 PM 11308639 ER PT J AU Dziarmaga, J Sadzikowski, M AF Dziarmaga, J Sadzikowski, M TI Domain wall formation in the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook equation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; VORTEX FORMATION; DEFECT FORMATION; SUPERFLUID HE-3; QUENCH; DYNAMICS; STRINGS; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB Formation of domain walls during phase-separating transition in the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook equation is studied. Density of domain wall scales like a sixth root, of quench rate for equal concentrations and like a square root of quench rate for unequal concentrations of components. For a slow inhomogeneous transition, the density is linear in a velocity of temperature front. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. RP Dziarmaga, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T6, MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dziarmaga@t6-serv.lanl.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 036112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.036112 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QV UT WOS:000167624000020 PM 11308714 ER PT J AU Hochberg, D Molina-Paris, C Visser, M AF Hochberg, D Molina-Paris, C Visser, M TI Heat kernel regularization of the effective action for stochastic reaction-diffusion equations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CAMPBELL-HAUSDORFF FORMULA; ZETA-FUNCTIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; SYSTEM AB The presence of fluctuations and nonlinear interactions can lead to scale dependence in the parameters appearing in stochastic differential equations. Stochastic dynamics can be formulated in terms of functional integrals. In this paper we apply the heat kernel method to study the short distance renormalizability of a stochastic (polynomial) reaction-diffusion equation with real additive noise. We calculate the one-loop effective action and its ultraviolet scale dependent divergences. We show that for white noise a polynomial reaction-diffusion equation is one-loop finite in d=0 and d=1, and is one-loop renormalizable in d=2 and d=3 space dimensions. We obtain the one-loop renormalization group equations and find they run with scale only in d=2. C1 Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, Madrid 28080, Spain. INTA, CSIC, Ctr Astrobiol, Madrid 28850, Spain. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Hochberg, D (reprint author), Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, Apartado 50727, Madrid 28080, Spain. EM hochberg@laeff.esa.es; molina@laeff.esa.es; visser@kiwi.wustl.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 036132 PN 2 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QV UT WOS:000167624000040 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Bishop, AR Rasmussen, KO AF Kevrekidis, PG Bishop, AR Rasmussen, KO TI Twisted localized modes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER BREATHERS; OSCILLATORY INSTABILITIES; DISCRETE; EXISTENCE; EQUATION; SOLITONS; LATTICES; CHAINS; DYNAMICS; STATES AB In a number of recent papers the so-called twisted localized mode of the discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation has been proposed. Herein, we study the existence and stability properties of such modes. We analyze the persistence of quasiperiodic modes and study the domains of existence and numerical stability of the exact form of such solutions. We identify the bifurcations through which they lose their stability and follow the behavior of the intrinsic localized modes and their eigenmodes even in the unstable regime. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723 NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 036603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.036603 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QV UT WOS:000167624000090 PM 11308784 ER PT J AU Ocko, BM Sirota, EB Deutsch, M DiMasi, E Coburn, S Strzalka, J Zheng, SY Tronin, A Gog, T Venkataraman, C AF Ocko, BM Sirota, EB Deutsch, M DiMasi, E Coburn, S Strzalka, J Zheng, SY Tronin, A Gog, T Venkataraman, C TI Positional order and thermal expansion of surface crystalline N-alkane monolayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHASE-INDUCED NUCLEATION; LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ROTATOR PHASES; LANGMUIR-MONOLAYERS; WATER; MELTS AB We report a high-resolution synchrotron grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurement of a surface crystalline monolayer at the Liquid-vapor interface of the n-alkane eicosane (C20H42) just above its melting temperature. The peak width of the surface monolayer rotator phase is shown to be resolution limited and implies positional correlations of at least similar to1 mum. The high resolution allowed determination of the temperature dependence of the peak position over the narrow (3 degreesC) temperature range of the surface crystal phase. The two-dimensional thermal expansion was determined to be (dA/dT)/A = 1.8(+/-0.1) x 10(-3)degreesC(-1), which is comparable to the expansion in similar chain length bulk n-alkane rotator phases. Our data are consistent with the power-law shaped scattering tails expected from quasi-long-range order in two dimensions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Exxon Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Collaborat Access Team, Complex Mat Consortium, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ocko, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 032602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.032602 PN 1 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QU UT WOS:000167623900075 PM 11308691 ER PT J AU Byrd, JM Georgsson, M AF Byrd, JM Georgsson, M TI Lifetime increase using passive harmonic cavities in synchrotron light sources SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Harmonic cavities have been used in storage rings to increase beam lifetime and Landau damping by lengthening the bunch. The need for lifetime increase is particularly great in the present generation of low to medium energy synchrotron light sources where the small transverse beam sizes lead to relatively short lifetimes from large-angle intrabeam (Touschek) scattering. We review the beam dynamics of harmonic radio-frequency systems and discuss optimization of the beam lifetime using passive harmonic cavities. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Lund, MAX Lab, Lund, Sweden. RP Byrd, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2001 VL 4 IS 3 AR 030701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.030701 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 433EN UT WOS:000168745000001 ER PT J AU Zholents, A Zolotorev, M Wan, W AF Zholents, A Zolotorev, M Wan, W TI Optical stochastic cooling of muons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB A draft scenario of optical stochastic cooling of muons is considered. Difficult places of this scenario are highlighted and constraints are explained. The parameters of a 2 TeV x 2 TeV muon collider utilizing muons after optical stochastic cooling are presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Zholents, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2001 VL 4 IS 3 AR 031001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.031001 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 433EN UT WOS:000168745000002 ER PT J AU Perl, ML AF Perl, ML TI Strange beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the revolution in twentieth century physics. SO PHYSICS IN PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Book Review C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Perl, ML (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 94309, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6944 J9 PHYS PERSPECT JI Phys. Perspect. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 3 IS 1 BP 130 EP 131 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 519DD UT WOS:000173709200007 ER PT J AU Parke, SJ Weiler, TJ AF Parke, SJ Weiler, TJ TI Optimizing T-violating effects for neutrino oscillations in matter SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LONG-BASE-LINE; MUON STORAGE-RING; CP-VIOLATION; 3-NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; PHYSICS; EARTH; SEARCH; BEAMS AB Matter effects may strongly enhance the Jarlskog factor J in T- and CP-violating three-neutrino oscillation probabilities. However. we show that when J is enhanced, the same matter effects suppress the oscillating factors and increase the oscillation length. The net result is that there is no large enhancement in measurable probabilities for earth-bound experiments using neutrino parameters suggested by current experiments. We show that by an appropriate choice of the experimental parameters, neutrino energy and travel length, the T-violating probability can be enhanced by matter effects over their vacuum values by 50%. Our approach is analytical, allowing considerable insight into the underlying physics. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Phys Theor, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Parke, SJ (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Phys Theor, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 501 IS 1-2 BP 106 EP 114 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00111-3 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 408WP UT WOS:000167350200014 ER PT J AU Wunsch, S Kerstein, A AF Wunsch, S Kerstein, A TI A model for layer formation in stably stratified turbulence SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; GRADIENT; FLUID AB Stably stratified turbulent flows are common in geophysics and astrophysics, and frequently exhibit layered structures in which large regions of nearly constant fluid density are separated by sharp density gradients. Experiments have demonstrated that, under suitable conditions, the stirring of a stably stratified fluid generates these layer structures. In this paper, a stochastic one-dimensional model is used to study layer formation in stably stratified turbulence. The results support mixing length arguments previously proposed to describe layers in steady state. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wunsch, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 12 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAR PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 702 EP 712 DI 10.1063/1.1344182 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 402EU UT WOS:000166973700015 ER PT J AU Kaganovich, I Berezhnoi, SV Shin, CB AF Kaganovich, I Berezhnoi, SV Shin, CB TI Signal propagation in collisional plasma with negative ions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB The transport of charged species in collisional currentless plasmas is traditionally thought of as a diffusion-like process. In this paper, it is demonstrated that, in contrast to two-component plasma, containing electrons and positive ions, the transport of additional ions in multispecies plasmas is not governed by diffusion, rather described by nonlinear convection. As a particular example, plasmas with the presence of negative ions have been studied. The velocity of a small perturbation of negative ions was found analytically and validated by numerical simulation. As a result of nonlinear convection, initially smooth ion density profiles break and form strongly inhomogeneous shock-like fronts. These fronts are different from collisionless shocks and shocks in fully ionized plasma. The structure of the fronts has been found analytically and numerically. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Ajou Univ, Suwon 442749, South Korea. RP Kaganovich, I (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 719 EP 725 DI 10.1063/1.1346632 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400009 ER PT J AU Snyder, PB Hammett, GW AF Snyder, PB Hammett, GW TI Electromagnetic effects on plasma microturbulence and transport SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; FLUID MODEL TURBULENCE; GYROFLUID TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK TURBULENCE; BALLOONING MODES; KINETIC-THEORY; ALFVEN MODES; SIMULATIONS; INSTABILITIES; EQUATIONS AB Results are presented from three-dimensional kinetic-fluid simulations of pressure gradient driven microturbulence in toroidal long mean-free-path plasmas. A numerically efficient model which includes self-consistent magnetic fluctuations and nonadiabatic electron dynamics is employed. A transition from electrostatic ion-drift turbulence to Alfvenic turbulence is seen at modest values of the plasma pressure. Significant electromagnetic effects on heat conductivity are observed, including an increase as the ideal ballooning threshold is approached, particularly when electron Landau damping is included. Turbulent spectra show a number of similarities to experimental fluctuation measurements. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Snyder, PB (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 NR 44 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 744 EP 749 DI 10.1063/1.1342029 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400012 ER PT J AU Ricci, P Lapenta, G de Angelis, U Tsytovich, VN AF Ricci, P Lapenta, G de Angelis, U Tsytovich, VN TI Plasma kinetics in dusty plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB The time evolution of the plasma distribution functions (electrons and ions) in dusty plasmas is found solving numerically the equations of the kinetic theory of dusty plasmas [Tsytovich and de Angelis, Phys. Plasmas 6, 1093 (1999); 7, 554 (2000)]. The role and importance of the plasma source and particle diffusion are investigated. The "equilibrium" distributions (asymptotic solutions) are used to calculate the static screening of a dust particle, and the difference with the usual result (Debye screening) of a three-component plasma is shown for various parameter regimes. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys Sci, Naples, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Gen Phys, Moscow, Russia. RP Ricci, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 5 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 769 EP 776 DI 10.1063/1.1344197 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400015 ER PT J AU Albright, BJ Chandran, BDG Cowley, SC Loh, M AF Albright, BJ Chandran, BDG Cowley, SC Loh, M TI Parallel heat diffusion and subdiffusion in random magnetic fields SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL CONDUCTION; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; COOLING FLOWS; TRANSPORT; SUPPRESSION; SHOCKS AB Stochastic magnetic fields in a weakly collisional plasma enhance the collisionality of electrons in the medium compared to the classical Spitzer values. The reduction in the thermal conductivity may play an important role in the evolution of galaxy clusters. This work extends prior work by examining the parallel propagation of electrons in plasma media where the magnetic field amplitude sampled along a field line is a stochastic function of the distance. New physics is exhibited when many large-amplitude magnetic mirrors are present; the parallel transport becomes subdiffusive rather than diffusive in this limit. The transition between diffusion and subdiffusion can be obtained from properties of the asymptotic solution to the kinetic equation in the vicinity of a solitary magnetic mirror. This transition has been computed as a function of the power law exponent in the distribution of mirror maxima, and the asymptotic scaling of the mean-squared electron displacement with time has been obtained in these systems as a function of this exponent. Monte Carlo comparisons are in agreement with these results. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Plasma Phys Applicat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Albright, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Plasma Phys Applicat Grp, MS-B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 777 EP 787 DI 10.1063/1.1344920 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400016 ER PT J AU DuBois, DF Russell, DA Cheung, PY Sulzer, MP AF DuBois, DF Russell, DA Cheung, PY Sulzer, MP TI High-power high-frequency-induced Langmuir turbulence in the smooth ionosphere at Arecibo. I. Theoretical predictions for altitude-resolved plasma line radar spectra SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; REDUCED-DESCRIPTION; NONLINEAR SATURATION; TIME DISTRIBUTION; RESOLUTION; PARTICLE; EXCITATION; SPACE; RANGE; CELL AB This is the first of two papers comprising a theoretical and observational study of new, altitude-resolved, observations at Arecibo of Langmuir turbulence induced in the ionosphere by a powerful high-frequency (hf) heater operated at very low duty cycles. As shown in paper II [Cheung , Phys. Plasmas 8, 802 (2001)], higher power enabled the first observation at Arecibo of the well-developed decay-cascade features in the Thomson scatter radar power spectrum at the unmodified matching altitudes. New theoretical predictions are presented here for the parameters of these observations emphasizing the altitude and pump power dependence of the radar spectra and the time dependence of the spectra from the decaying spectra following heater switch-off. Further details of the strong turbulence signatures from higher altitudes are also presented. At the lower matching altitudes the increase, with hf power, of the angular width of the well-developed decay-cascade spectrum allows these spectral features to come into the view of the Arecibo radar. The favorable comparison of the simulation predictions and observations is discussed in the second paper. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP DuBois, DF (reprint author), Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. NR 52 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 791 EP 801 DI 10.1063/1.1345703 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400018 ER PT J AU Cheung, PY Sulzer, MP DuBois, DF Russell, DA AF Cheung, PY Sulzer, MP DuBois, DF Russell, DA TI High-power high-frequency-induced Langmuir turbulence in the smooth ionosphere at Arecibo. II. Low duty cycle, altitude-resolved, observations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; SPECTRUM; EXCITATION; RANGE AB This is the second of two papers comprising a theoretical and observational study of new, altitude-resolved, observations at Arecibo of Langmuir turbulence induced in the ionosphere by a new, more powerful, high frequency heater operated at very low duty cycles. Altitude resolution of 150 m in incoherent scatter radar spectra is made possible by the coded-long-pulse method. Here we present the first observation at Arecibo of the well-developed parametric decay instability and the Langmuir decay instability cascade features in the Thomson scatter radar power spectrum, of the plasma line, at the unmodified matching altitudes under near-cold start conditions. The dependence of the plasma line spectra on altitude, pump power, and density scale length have been studied. The temporal growth and saturation of the spectra during heating and the decay of the spectra in the afterglow of heating has also been studied in detail. Comparisons are made here with the theoretical predictions of the companion paper I [DuBois , Phys. Plasmas 8, 791 (2001)]. From these comparisons and a comparison with recent observations at both Arecibo and Tromso, we conclude that all the predictions of modern Langmuir turbulence theory for the radar spectral signatures of the turbulence in a smooth ionosphere have now been verified. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cheung, PY (reprint author), Boeing Satellite Syst, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 802 EP 812 DI 10.1063/1.1345704 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400019 ER PT J AU Weller, A Anton, M Geiger, J Hirsch, M Jaenicke, R Werner, A Nuhrenberg, C Sallander, E Spong, DA AF Weller, A Anton, M Geiger, J Hirsch, M Jaenicke, R Werner, A Nuhrenberg, C Sallander, E Spong, DA CA W7-AS Team TI Survey of magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in the advanced stellarator Wendelstein 7-AS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Review ID GLOBAL ALFVEN EIGENMODES; RESISTIVE BALLOONING MODES; COMPACT HELICAL SYSTEM; RADIAL ELECTRIC-FIELD; EDGE-LOCALIZED MODES; W7-AS STELLARATOR; TEARING MODE; IDEAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; ALPHA-PARTICLES AB Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in the Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator (W7-AS) [G. Grieger , Phys. Fluids B 4, 2081 (1992)] are characterized experimentally in various plasma parameter regimes and heating scenarios. The observations are compared with theoretical predictions for particular cases. In the high-beta range ([beta] less than or equal to 2%) no clear evidence of a stability beta -limit could be found yet. In the lower beta regime fast particle driven global Alfven modes are the most important instabilities during neutral beam injection (NBI). Besides of coherent modes with almost no effect on the plasma performance additional Alfven modes appear at higher frequencies up to 400 kHz, which show nonlinear phenomena-like bursting, frequency chirping, and MHD induced energy and fast particle losses. The activity of edge localized modes (ELMs) is investigated in NBI heated discharges. The issue of current driven instabilities and their potential stabilization by a stellarator field has been investigated with regard to the design of compact hybrid stellarator systems. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Royal Inst Technol, Alfven Lab, NFR Euratom Assoc, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weller, A (reprint author), IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RI Spong, Donald/C-6887-2012 OI Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873 NR 103 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 931 EP 956 DI 10.1063/1.1346633 PG 26 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400031 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Barnes, CW AF Wang, ZH Barnes, CW TI Exact solutions to magnetized plasma flow SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MASS-FLOW; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOWS; FORCE-FREE; STABILITY; EQUILIBRIUM; SPHEROMAK; ROTATION; MODES AB Exact analytic solutions for steady-state magnetized plasma flow (MPF) using ideal magnetohydrodynamics formalism are presented. Several cases are considered. When plasma flow is included, a finite plasma pressure gradient delp can be maintained in a force-free state JxB = 0 by the velocity gradient. Both incompressible and compressible MPF examples are discussed for a Taylor-state spheromak B field. A new magnetized nozzle solution is given for compressible plasma when U parallel toB. Transition from a magnetized nozzle to a magnetic nozzle is possible when the B field is strong enough. No physical nozzle would be needed in the magnetic nozzle case. Diverging-, drum- and nozzle-shaped MPF solutions when U perpendicular toB are also given. The electric field is needed to balance the UxB term in Ohm's law. The electric field can be generated in the laboratory with the proposed conducting electrodes. If such electric fields also exist in stars and galaxies, such as through a dynamo process, then these solutions can be candidates to explain single and double jets. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 957 EP 963 DI 10.1063/1.1343505 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400032 ER PT J AU Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Ichiguchi, K Wakatani, M Tatsuno, T AF Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Ichiguchi, K Wakatani, M Tatsuno, T TI On the applicability of local asymptotic stability criteria to stellarator stability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA EQUILIBRIUM; IDEAL AB An intrinsic consequence of the three-dimensional nature of the stellarator equilibrium may be the existence of local flattening of the pressure profile at the resonant surfaces. This local flattening of the pressure profile significantly changes the stability properties. The localized interchange modes are stabilized, and a new instability branch controls the critical beta. This instability is strongly stabilized by shear at high poloidal mode numbers. As a consequence, the plasma stability properties change, and the asymptotically derived local stability criteria often used in stellarator design are no longer applicable. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. RP Carreras, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tatsuno, Tomo/A-3467-2011; Lynch, Vickie/J-4647-2012 OI Lynch, Vickie/0000-0002-5836-7636 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 990 EP 996 DI 10.1063/1.1349877 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400036 ER PT J AU Fruchtman, A Fisch, NJ Raitses, Y AF Fruchtman, A Fisch, NJ Raitses, Y TI Control of the electric-field profile in the Hall thruster SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-DRIFT THRUSTERS; ENERGY DISTRIBUTION; PLASMA; PLUME AB Control of the electric-field profile in the Hall thruster through the positioning of an additional electrode along the channel is shown theoretically to enhance the efficiency. The reduction of the potential drop near the anode by use of the additional electrode increases the plasma density there, through the increase of the electron and ion transit times, causing the ionization in the vicinity of the anode to increase. The resulting separation of the ionization and acceleration regions increases the propellant and energy utilizations. An abrupt sonic transition is forced to occur at the axial location of the additional electrode, accompanied by the generation of a large (theoretically infinite) electric field. This ability to generate a large electric field at a specific location along the channel, in addition to the ability to specify the electric potential there, allows us further control of the electric-field profile in the thruster. In particular, when the electron temperature is high, a large abrupt voltage drop is induced at the vicinity of the additional electrode, a voltage drop that can comprise a significant part of the applied voltage. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Holon Acad Inst Technol, IL-58102 Holon, Israel. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Fruchtman, A (reprint author), Holon Acad Inst Technol, 52 Golomb St,POB 305, IL-58102 Holon, Israel. NR 38 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 1048 EP 1056 DI 10.1063/1.1343508 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 404DD UT WOS:000167081400045 ER PT J AU Glendenning, NK AF Glendenning, NK TI Phase transitions and crystalline structures in the neutron star cores SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID QUARK-HADRON PHASE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; NUCLEAR-MATTER; DENSE MATTER; KAON CONDENSATION; STELLAR MATTER; PULSAR; HYPERONS; SURFACE; MODEL AB The mixed phase of a fully equilibrated nuclear system that is asymmetric in isospin (i.e. in charge) will develop a geometrical structure of the rarer phase immersed in the dominant one. This happens because the isospin asymmetry energy will exploit the degree of freedom available to a system of more than one independent component (or conserved charge) by rearranging the proportion of charge to baryon number between the two equilibrium phases so as to lower the energy; that is, to effectively reduce the isospin asymmetry in the normal nuclear phase. Consequently, the two phases will have opposite charge; competition between Coulomb and surface energy will be resolved by formation of a Coulomb lattice of the rarer phase situated at sites in the dominant phase. The geometric form, size, and spacing of the phase occupying the lattice sites will depend on the pressure or density of matter. Thus, a neutron star containing a mixed phase region of whatever kind, will have a varying geometric structure of one phase embedded in the other. This is expected to effect transport properties of the star as well as to effect the glitch behavior of pulsars that contain a mixed phase region. We study in particular, the quark deconfinement and kaon condensation phase transitions as examples of this general phenomenon. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glendenning, NK (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nkg@lbl.gov NR 79 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 342 IS 6 BP 393 EP 447 DI 10.1016/S0370-1573(00)00080-6 PG 55 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 408EX UT WOS:000167314500001 ER PT J AU Davis, AB AF Davis, AB TI Many uses for diffusion waves SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Davis, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 15 EP 15 DI 10.1063/1.1366057 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 407BX UT WOS:000167252500002 ER PT J AU Grilly, ER Keller, WE Hammel, EF AF Grilly, ER Keller, WE Hammel, EF TI Louis Goldstein - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Grilly, ER (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 96 EP 96 DI 10.1063/1.1366079 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 407BX UT WOS:000167252500014 ER PT J AU DiMasi, E AF DiMasi, E TI The search for liquid fivefold symmetry SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Article C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP DiMasi, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD MAR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 3 BP 20 EP 21 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 408ER UT WOS:000167314000023 ER PT J AU Yu, JP Nickels, R McIntosh, L AF Yu, JP Nickels, R McIntosh, L TI A genome approach to mitochondrial-nuclear communication in Arabidopsis SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antimycin A; Arabidopsis; microarray; mitochondria; retrograde regulation ID ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE GENE; PLANT-MITOCHONDRIA; WIDE EXPRESSION; CELLS; CROSSTALK AB Mitochondria depend on the nuclear genome to encode the vast majority of their proteins; in turn they control the expression of certain nuclear genes to maintain proper functioning. In this work, Arabidopsis leaves were employed as a model to study nuclear gene expression in response to inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport by antimycin A. Microarrays containing 11 514 Arabidopsis expressed sequence tags supplied through the Arabidopsis Functional Genomics Consortium (AFGC) were used. Transcript levels of 579 nuclear genes were increased greater than or equal to 2-fold, and the levels of 584 nuclear genes were decreased greater than or equal to 2-fold after antimycin A treatment. While functions of a large number of the gene products are unknown, others are involved in diverse metabolic activities such as phosphorylation, transcription, and energy metabolism. Data from microarray experiments were repeatable and were confirmed by northern hybridization for specific test genes. It was found through cluster analysis that plant cells show significant common response to chemical inhibition of mitochondrial function, aluminum stress, cadmium stress, hydrogen peroxide and virus infection. The results imply that these stresses may act on mitochondria and the responses are in part mediated by mitochondrial-nuclear communication. Most nuclear-encoded respiratory genes involved in the TCA cycle, electron transport and ATP synthesis did not respond to signals from the inhibited mitochondria, while genes for cytochrome c and alternative oxidase were induced. The result indicates that these two genes may be targets in the transcriptional regulation of the two respiratory pathways. (C) 2001 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. C1 Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP McIntosh, L (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 23 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 5 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 3-4 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1016/S0981-9428(01)01254-2 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 425MU UT WOS:000168295300015 ER PT J AU Giannella, R Corre, Y Hogan, J Ghendrih, P Guirlet, R Gunn, J AF Giannella, R Corre, Y Hogan, J Ghendrih, P Guirlet, R Gunn, J TI Comparison of impurity generation and penetration models with spectroscopy for the Tore Supra ergodic divertor SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE AB Three-dimensional (3D) simulations of impurity dynamics in the vicinity of a Tore Supra ergodic divertor neutralizer are presented and compared with spectroscopic observations for a medium density pulse in the high recycling regime. The numerical tool used for the description of impurity generation and transport is a version of the Monte Carlo code BBQ, while the geometry of the magnetic field lines is calculated by use of the MASTOC code. Substantial quantitative consistency is found between the experimental data and our simulations based on recent impurity generation and propagation models. For the given plasma conditions, physical sputtering induced by impact from deuterium ions is found to be the dominant mechanism leading to the carbon contamination of the edge plasma. Chemical sputtering releases a comparable number of carbon impurities from the surface interacting with the plasma but those particles are rapidly re-deposited or pumped away. We find the role of friction of the impurities with the background plasma to be of crucial importance for the determination of the impurity distribution close to the neutralizer. We further find that a flow reversal of the background plasma takes place at the leading edge of the neutralizer with a flow velocity of a few per cent of the ion sound speed in the region that is just clear of the edge. C1 CEA Fus, EURATOM Assoc, Cadarache, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Giannella, R (reprint author), CEA Fus, EURATOM Assoc, Cadarache, France. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/43/3/303 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 420MD UT WOS:000168008000005 ER PT J AU Raman, R Jarboe, TR Mueller, D Schaffer, MJ Maqueda, R Nelson, BA Sabbagh, S Bell, M Ewig, R Fredrickson, E Gates, D Hosea, J Ji, H Kaita, R Kaye, SM Kugel, H Maingi, R Menard, J Ono, M Orvis, D Paoletti, F Paul, S Peng, M Skinner, CH Wilgen, JB Zweben, S AF Raman, R Jarboe, TR Mueller, D Schaffer, MJ Maqueda, R Nelson, BA Sabbagh, S Bell, M Ewig, R Fredrickson, E Gates, D Hosea, J Ji, H Kaita, R Kaye, SM Kugel, H Maingi, R Menard, J Ono, M Orvis, D Paoletti, F Paul, S Peng, M Skinner, CH Wilgen, JB Zweben, S CA NSTX Res Team TI Initial results from coaxial helicity injection experiments in NSTX SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID ASPECT-RATIO TOKAMAK; SUSTAINMENT; TORUS; PHYSICS; START AB Coaxial helicity injection has been investigated on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Initial experiments produced 130 kA of toroidal current without the use of the central solenoid. The corresponding injector current was 20 kA. Discharges with pulse lengths up to 130 ms have been produced. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Raman, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/43/3/306 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 420MD UT WOS:000168008000008 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, ED Bialek, J Garofalo, AM Johnson, LC La Haye, RJ Lazarus, EA Manickam, J Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Scoville, JT Strait, EJ AF Fredrickson, ED Bialek, J Garofalo, AM Johnson, LC La Haye, RJ Lazarus, EA Manickam, J Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Scoville, JT Strait, EJ TI Closed-loop feedback of MHD instabilities on DIII-D SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE WALL MODE; STABILIZATION AB A system of coils, sensors and amplifiers has been installed on the DIIID tokamak to study the physics of feedback stabilization of low-frequency MHD modes such as the resistive wall mode (RWM). Experiments are being performed to assess the effectiveness of this minimal system and benchmark the predictions of theoretical models and codes, In the last campaign the experiments had been extended to a regime where the RWM threshold is lowered by a fast ramp of the plasma current. In these experiments the onset time of the RWM is very reproducible. With this system, the onset of the RWM had been delayed by up to 100 ms without degrading the plasma performance. The growth rate of the mode increases proportional to the length of the delay, suggesting that the plasma is evolving towards a more unstable configuration. The present results have suggested directions for improving the feedback system, including better sensors and improved feedback algorithms. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Gen Atom Co, La Jolla, CA 92186 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Fredrickson, ED (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/43/3/307 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 420MD UT WOS:000168008000009 ER PT J AU Kline, D AF Kline, D TI Positive feedback, lock-in, and environmental policy SO POLICY SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB During the last several decades, modern economic methods have been brought to bear on problems of environmental policy, with powerful and influential results. However, this policy-making paradigm often relies on some of the most restrictive sets of assumptions of microeconomics: the convexity conditions required for competitive markets to be Pareto-efficient. When positive feedback or lock-in occurs, these assumptions do not hold, and standard economic analysis of environmental policy may lead to technologically inferior outcomes, e.g., pollution control costs that are higher than necessary. This paper considers positive feedback in several different forms, and argues that it commonly occurs in markets that affect environmental policies, such as markets for energy technologies. The discussion examines how the standard paradigm for environmental economics breaks down in the presence of positive feedback or lock-in, and considers some policy responses to this problem. The case of SO2 trading helps illustrate how the standard paradigm can miss important technological opportunities for lower-cost pollution mitigation. The argument also suggests how the standard paradigm encourages end-of-pipe solutions and tends to overlook options like pollution prevention strategies, which can sometimes provide more economical environmental improvements. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Kline, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-2687 J9 POLICY SCI JI Policy Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 34 IS 1 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1023/A:1010357309367 PG 13 WC Planning & Development; Public Administration; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public Administration; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 415AE UT WOS:000167697700005 ER PT J AU Essig, MW Keogh, DW Scott, BL Watkin, JG AF Essig, MW Keogh, DW Scott, BL Watkin, JG TI Synthesis and structural characterization of the lanthanide Schiff-base complexes {N[CH2CH2N=CH(2-O-3,5-t-Bu2C6H2)](3)}Ln (Ln = Sm, Nd) SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE Schiff base; samarium; neodymium; amide; heptadentate ID AMINE-PHENOL LIGANDS; CONTRAST AGENTS; TRIPODAL TRIS<2-(SALICYLIDENEAMINO)ETHYL>AMINE; CHARACTERIZED EXAMPLE; HEPTADENTATE LIGANDS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ARYLOXIDE COMPLEX; GD; COORDINATION; TC-99M AB Reaction of LnEN(SiMe3)(2)](3) (Ln=Sm, Nd) with one equivalent of the bulky heptadentate Schiff-base ligand N[CH2CH2N=CH(2-OH-3,5-t-Bu2C6H2)(3), (1) resulted in formation of the 7-coordinate complexes {N[CH2CH2N=CH(2-O-3:5-t-Bu2C6H2)](3)}Ln (Ln = Sm (2), Nd (3)). X-ray diffraction studies of 2 and 3 reveal isostructural hemi-toluene solvate complexes in which the N4O3 donor atom set of the ligand defines a slightly distorted capped octahedral geometry about the metal center. Ln-N bond lengths are of two types - an average of 2.556(3) Angstrom (2) (2.587(5) Angstrom (3)) to the three imine nitrogens, and a significantly longer interaction of 2.818(4) Angstrom (2) (2.811(5) Angstrom (3)) with the apical amine nitrogen. Ln-O distances lie in the range 2.218(3)-2.232(4) Angstrom for 2 and 2.241(6)-2.248(4) Angstrom for 3. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keogh, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 41 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 5 BP 373 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0277-5387(00)00565-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 411NV UT WOS:000167506900002 ER PT J AU Striolo, A Prausnitz, JM Bertucco, A Kee, RA Gauthier, M AF Striolo, A Prausnitz, JM Bertucco, A Kee, RA Gauthier, M TI Dilute-solution properties of arborescent polystyrenes: further evidence for perturbed-hard-sphere behavior SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE arborescent polystyrene; osmotic second virial coefficient; intrinsic viscosity ID COIL-TO-GLOBULE; GRAFT POLYSTYRENES; CYCLOHEXANE; POLYMERS; TRANSITION; CHAIN; MACROMOLECULES; TEMPERATURE; VISCOSITY; WATER AB Toward improved understanding of the dilute-solution properties of arborescent polystyrenes, new measurements are reported for osmotic second virial coefficients and for intrinsic viscosities in three common organic solvents. As observed for other branched polymers, branching decreases the second virial coefficient in good solvents and lowers the theta temperature for a polymer-solvent system. For generation-zero arborescent polystyrene in methylcyclohexane, the theta temperature is 36 +/- 2 degreesC. A correspondence between intrinsic viscosity and second virial coefficient, valid for hard-spheres solutions, holds in good solvents; this correspondence improves with decreasing branch molecular weight. The osmotic-pressure data are interpreted with a colloid-like thermodynamic framework using a van der Waals-type equation of state. The reference state is the hard sphere and the perturbation is given by an attraction decaying with the sixth power of the center-to-center distance between polymers. The hard-sphere diameter is obtained from intrinsic-viscosity data. Predicted and observed osmotic pressures are in good agreement. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Padua, Ist Impianti Chim, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Striolo, Alberto/G-2926-2011 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 6 BP 2579 EP 2584 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00625-X PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 384GJ UT WOS:000165934200031 ER PT J AU Whitfield, K Osterwald, CR AF Whitfield, K Osterwald, CR TI Procedure for determining the uncertainty of photovoltaic module outdoor electrical performance SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article AB This paper sets forth an uncertainty estimation procedure for the measurement of photovoltaic (PV) electrical performance using natural sunlight and calibrated secondary reference cells, The actual test irradiance should be restricted to values between 800 and 1000 W/m(2) in order to assume that maximum power varies linearly with irradiance. Only the uncertainty of maximum power at standard test conditions (STC) i.e., 1000 W/m(2) plane-of-array irradiance and 25 degreesC cell temperature, is developed in its entirety. The basic uncertainty analysis principles developed herein, however, can be applied to any electrical variable of interest (e.g,, short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage and fill factor). Although the equations presented appear cumbersome, they are easily implemented into a computer spreadsheet, Examples of uncertainty analyses are also presented herein to make the concepts more concrete. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Arizona State Univ E, Photovolta Testing Lab, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA. RP Osterwald, CR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 6 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 9 IS 2 BP 87 EP 102 DI 10.1002/pip.356 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 417AV UT WOS:000167813900002 ER PT J AU Iakoucheva, LM Kimzey, AL Masselon, CD Bruce, JE Garner, EC Brown, CJ Dunker, AK Smith, RD Ackerman, EJ AF Iakoucheva, LM Kimzey, AL Masselon, CD Bruce, JE Garner, EC Brown, CJ Dunker, AK Smith, RD Ackerman, EJ TI Identification of intrinsic order and disorder in the DNA repair protein XPA SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE XPA; mass spectrometry; intrinsic disorder; partial proteolysis; unstructured proteins; DNA repair ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; LIMITED PROTEOLYTIC SITES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; BINDING DOMAIN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; BETA; CONFORMATION; COMPLEX AB The DNA-repair protein XPA is required to recognize a wide variety of bulky lesions during nucleotide excision repair. Independent NMR solution structures of a human XPA fragment comprising approximately 40% of the full-length protein, the minimal DNA-binding domain, revealed that one-third of this molecule was disordered. To better characterize structural features of full-length XPA, we performed time-resolved trypsin proteolysis on active recombinant Xenopus XPA (xXPA), The resulting proteolytic fragments were analyzed by electrospray ionization interface coupled to a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the full-length xXPA determined by mass spectrometry (30922.02 daltons) was consistent with that calculated from the sequence (30922.45 daltons). Moreover, the mass spectrometric data allowed the assignment of multiple xXPA fragments not resolvable by SDS-PAGE, The neural network program Predictor of Natural Disordered Regions (PONDR) applied to xXPA predicted extended disordered N- and C-terminal regions with an ordered internal core. This prediction agreed with our partial proteolysis results, thereby indicating that disorder in XPA shares sequence features with other well-characterized intrinsically unstructured proteins. Trypsin cleavages at 30 of the possible 48 sites were detected and no cleavage was observed in an internal region (Q85-I179) despite 14 possible cut sites. For the full-length xXPA, there was strong agreement among PONDR, partial proteolysis data, and the NMR structure for the corresponding XPA fragment. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mol Biosci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Ackerman, EJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mol Biosci Dept, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Masselon, Christophe/A-2340-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Garner, Ethan/J-4025-2014; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Garner, Ethan/0000-0003-0141-3555; Iakoucheva, Lilia/0000-0002-4542-5219 NR 50 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 8 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3 BP 560 EP 571 DI 10.1110/ps.29401 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 419AA UT WOS:000167926100010 PM 11344324 ER PT J AU Clapp, EM Bierman, PR Nichols, KK Pavich, M Caffee, M AF Clapp, EM Bierman, PR Nichols, KK Pavich, M Caffee, M TI Rates of sediment supply to arroyos from upland erosion determined using in situ produced cosmogenic Be-10 and Al-26 SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUCLIDES; INSITU; ROCKS; SURFACES; QUARTZ AB Using Be-10 and Al-26 measured in sediment and bedrock, we quantify rates of upland erosion and sediment supply to a small basin in northwestern New Mexico. This and many other similar basins in the southwestern United States have been affected by cycles of arroyo incision and backfilling several times in the past few millennia. The sediment generation (275 +/- 65 g m(-2) yr(-1)) and bedrock equivalent lowering rates (102 +/- 24 m myr(-1)) we determine are sufficient to support at least three arroyo cycles in the past 3,000 years, consistent with rates calculated from a physical sediment budget within the basin and regional rates determined using other techniques. Nuclide concentrations measured in different sediment sources and reservoirs suggest that the arroyo is a good spatial and temporal integrator of sediment and associated nuclide concentrations from throughout the basin, that the basin is in steady-state, and that nuclide concentration is independent of sediment grain size. Differences between nuclide concentrations measured in sediment sources and reservoirs reflect sediment residence times and indicate that subcolluvial bedrock weathering on hillslopes supplies more sediment to the basin than erosion of exposed bedrock. (C) 2001 University of Washington. C1 Univ Vermont, Sch Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Clapp, EM (reprint author), CO SME, 4 Blanchard Rd,Box 85A, Cumberland Ctr, ME 04021 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 35 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 55 IS 2 BP 235 EP 245 DI 10.1006/qres.2000.2211 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 416XC UT WOS:000167804800013 ER PT J AU Soares, TA AF Soares, TA TI Women in science and technology: Restricted success. SO QUIMICA NOVA LA Portuguese DT Article DE women in science; gender bias; strategies ID MATHEMATICS SELF-EFFICACY; SEX-DIFFERENCES; METAANALYSIS; PERFORMANCE; GERMANY; CHOICE AB In contemporary times, women can choose freely to enter any professional field. Along the way they come across stumbling blocks that make their progress difficult. Most of these difficulties are not gender-specific, yet women encounter them more consistently than do men. It is remarkably true for the areas of Science and Technology. However, it is not straightforward to evaluate and to obtain an accurate measure of the effects of gender bias. The factors and consequences associated with the phenomena are multiple, with many shades of regionalism as we look at different countries. Despite of the absence of detailed studies regarding the situation in Brazil, it seems unlikely we would be an exception to a world pattern. In this article, some causes as well as current actions around the world to fight gender bias are presented. C1 Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Quim Fundamental, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Soares, TA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 906 Battelle Blvd Math MS-83 K1, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Soares, Thereza/G-1065-2010 OI Soares, Thereza/0000-0002-5891-6906 NR 40 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 6 PU SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA PI SAO PAULO PA CAIXA POSTAL 26037, 05599-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0100-4042 J9 QUIM NOVA JI Quim. Nova PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 24 IS 2 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1590/S0100-40422001000200020 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 412UD UT WOS:000167572000020 ER PT J AU Moiseenko, VV Hamm, RN Waker, AJ Prestwich, WV AF Moiseenko, VV Hamm, RN Waker, AJ Prestwich, WV TI Calculation of radiation-induced DNA damage from photons and tritium beta-particles - Part I: Model formulation and basic results SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; SINGLE-STRAND; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; IONIZING-RADIATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ENERGY PHOTONS; HUMAN-CELLS; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATIONS; PROTECTION AB Radiation-induced damage in nucleosomal DNA was modelled by Monte Carlo means. An atomistic representation of DNA with a first hydration shell was used. DNA single- and double-strand break (SSB and DSB) yields were calculated for (137)Cs photons, x-rays and tritium beta-particles, Monte Carlo-generated electron tracks for liquid water were used to model energy deposition. Chemical evolution of a track and interactions between species and DNA following water radiolysis were modelled in an encounter-controlled manner. The effects of varying the scavenging capacity of the environment, the extent of DNA protection by histones and the setting of a threshold for direct energy depositions on DNA break yields were all systematically studied. DSB complexity was assessed in terms of DNA breaks and base damage accompanying a DSB, Model parameters were adjusted to make predictions consistent with experimental data on DSB yields and yield modification by a variety of factors including changing DNA conformation and incorporation of scavengers. An embedded model of nucleosomal DNA by histones was required to explain experimentally observed modification of DSB yield by removal of bound histones. Complex DSB, defined as DSB accompanied by an additional strand breakage, exhibited high association with base damage. It is shown that hydroxyl radical interactions with bases are a major contributor to DSB complexity. On average there were 1.15 and 2.69 OH-base interactions accompanying simple and complex DSB, respectively for (137)Cs. Over 80% of complex DSB had at least one OH-base interaction associated with a DNA break. C1 London Reg Canc Ctr, Dept Phys, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. RP Moiseenko, VV (reprint author), London Reg Canc Ctr, Dept Phys, 790 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada. EM vmoiseen@phy.lrcc.on.ca NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 1 BP 23 EP 31 DI 10.1007/s004110000080 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 421KC UT WOS:000168062700003 PM 11357707 ER PT J AU Moiseenko, VV Waker, AJ Hamm, RN Prestwich, WV AF Moiseenko, VV Waker, AJ Hamm, RN Prestwich, WV TI Calculation of radiation-induced DNA damage from photons and tritium beta-particles - Part II: Tritium RBE and damage complexity SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; DIFFERENT ENERGY PHOTONS; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; QUALITY FACTOR; V79 CELLS; IRRADIATION; INDUCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; RAYS AB Yields of DNA single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB) in nucleosomal DNA were calculated for (137)Cs, 70 keV photons and tritium beta-particles by Monte Carlo means. Monte Carlo-generated electron tracks for liquid water were used to model energy deposition. Chemical evolution of a track and interactions between species and DNA following water radiolysis were modelled in an encounter-controlled manner. The calculated relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for DSB production for tritium against (137)Cs was 1.2 for the total DSB yield. Tritium beta-particles were slightly more efficient compared to (137)Cs in producing complex DSB, defined as DSB accompanied by additional strand breaks. The RBE for complex DSB formation was 1.3. Most complex DSB exhibited associated base damage; the extent of the base damage was similar for all the radiation types considered. Correlated DSB conforming to nucleosome periodicity were observed. However, their frequency was low, of the order of 2% of total DSB. For all the DNA damage endpoints considered and their response to variation of the scavenging environment or DNA conformation no difference was observed between 70 keV photons and tritium beta-particles. C1 London Reg Canc Ctr, Dept Phys, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada. AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. RP Moiseenko, VV (reprint author), London Reg Canc Ctr, Dept Phys, 790 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada. EM vmoiseen@phy.lrcc.on.ca NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1007/s004110000081 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 421KC UT WOS:000168062700004 PM 11357708 ER PT J AU Inokuti, M AF Inokuti, M TI Scientific legacy of Robert L. Platzman. Preliminary report SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Prospects for Application of Radiation toward the 21st Century CY MAR 13-17, 2000 CL WASEDA UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN HO WASEDA UNIV DE Platzman; hydrated electron; subexcitation electrons; superexcited states AB One of the founders of radiation physics and chemistry, Platzman (1918-73) taught us elements of our current understanding such as the nature of the hydrated electron, the basic theory of the yield of ions and other initial-product species, and the importance of the oscillator-strength spectrum. In addition to all this seen in the literature, he left many unpublished materials, some of which contain stimulating thoughts and valuable ideas for experimental and theoretical work in the 21st century. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM inokuti@anl.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 60 IS 4-5 BP 283 EP 290 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(01)00185-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 420PU UT WOS:000168014000009 ER PT J AU Takahashi, K Dimitrijevic, NM Bartels, DM Jonah, CD AF Takahashi, K Dimitrijevic, NM Bartels, DM Jonah, CD TI Temperature effect on spectrum of solvated electron formed in a mixture of supercritical ethane SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Prospects for Application of Radiation toward the 21st Century CY MAR 13-17, 2000 CL WASEDA UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN HO WASEDA UNIV DE supercritical fluid; solvated electron; cluster; high pressure; pulse radiolysis ID OPTICAL-SPECTRA; DYNAMICS; METHANOL; FLUIDS AB The spectral shift of the solvated electron in MeOH/C2H6 mixture has been studied using pulse radiolysis. The spectral shift can be explained in terms of the size of methanol clusters formed in the solution. With increasing temperature at constant mole fraction of MeOH, the spectral maximum shifts towards lower energy. The width at led side increased with increasing temperature, however, there is no significant changes in the blue side of the spectra with temperature. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Quantum Energy Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Takahashi, K (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Quantum Energy Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. RI Takahashi, Kenji/C-8846-2011; Takahashi, Kenji/F-4885-2014 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 60 IS 4-5 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(01)00184-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 420PU UT WOS:000168014000027 ER PT J AU Chemerisov, SC Werst, DW Trifunac, AD AF Chemerisov, SC Werst, DW Trifunac, AD TI Formation, trapping and kinetics of H atoms in wet zeolites and mesoporous silica SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Prospects for Application of Radiation toward the 21st Century CY MAR 13-17, 2000 CL WASEDA UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN HO WASEDA UNIV DE H atoms; zeolite; MCM-41; radiolysis; EPR ID TIME-RESOLVED EPR; WATER RADIOLYSIS; INTERFACE STATES; HYDROGEN; DIFFUSION; DEFECTS AB Pulse radiolysis and time-resolved EPR were used to study mobile H atoms in wet porous solids, including zeolites and mesoporous molecular sieves. The time-resolved study was accompanied by measurements of trapped H atoms at low temperatures. Radiolytic H atoms arise from both the solid matrix and adsorbed water. Under conditions of high dose rate, the H atoms mainly decay by reaction with matrix defects. An interesting detail of H atom diffusion in these systems is the apparent segregation into different "phases". The different phases can be silica and water (MCM-41) or they can be different pore systems in the solid (Y zeolite). Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Trifunac, AD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 60 IS 4-5 BP 405 EP 410 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(00)00408-4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 420PU UT WOS:000168014000028 ER PT J AU van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C Wheeler, F Stecher-Rasmussen, F Moss, R Huiskamp, R AF van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C Wheeler, F Stecher-Rasmussen, F Moss, R Huiskamp, R TI Microdosimetry model for boron neutron capture therapy: I. Determination of microscopic quantities of heavy particles on a cellular scale SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CELLS AB Due to the limitations of existing microdosimetry models, a new model called MICOR has been developed to analyze the spatial distribution of microscopic energy deposition for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), As in most existing models, the reactions independent of the incident neutron energy such as the boron and the nitrogen capture reactions can be considered. While other models do not include reactions that are dependent on the neutron energy such as the proton recoil reaction, the present model is designed so that the energy deposition resulting from these reactions is included. The model MICOR has been extended to enable the determination of the biological effects of BNCT, which cannot be done with the existing models. The present paper describes the determination of several microscopic quantities such as the number of hits, the energy deposition in the cell nucleus, and the distribution of lineal and specific energy deposition. The companion paper (Radiat. Res. 155, 000-000 2001) deals with the conversion of these microscopic quantities into biological effects. The model is used to analyze the results of a radiobiological experiment performed at the HB11 facility in the HFR in Petten. This analysis shows the value of the model in determining the dose depositions on a cellular scale and the importance of the extension to the energy deposition of the proton recoil. (C) 2001 by Radiation Research Society. C1 NRG Radiat & Environm, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. Joint Res Ctr, IAM, Petten, Netherlands. INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C (reprint author), NRG Radiat & Environm, POB 25, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 155 IS 3 BP 490 EP 497 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0490:MMFBNC]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 408FK UT WOS:000167315700014 PM 11182801 ER PT J AU van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C Wheeler, F Stecher-Rasmussen, F Huiskamp, R AF van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C Wheeler, F Stecher-Rasmussen, F Huiskamp, R TI Microdosimetry model for boron neutron capture therapy: II. Theoretical estimation of the effectiveness function and surviving fractions SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CELLS AB A model has been developed to obtain a better understanding of the effects of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) on a cellular scale. This model, the microdosimetry model MICOR, has been developed to include all reactions important for BNCT, To make the model more powerful in the translation from energy deposition to biological effect, it has been designed to be capable of calculating the effectiveness function, Based on this function, the model can calculate surviving fractions, RBE values and boron concentration distributions. MICOR has been used to analyze an extensive set of biological experiments performed at the HB11 beam in Petten. For V79 Chinese hamster cells, the effectiveness function is determined and used to generate surviving fractions. These fractions are compared with measured surviving fractions, which results in a good agreement between the measured and calculated surviving fractions (within the uncertainties of the measurements). (C) 2001 by Radiation Research Society. C1 NRG Radiat & Environm, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. Joint Res Ctr, IAM, Petten, Netherlands. INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP van Vliet-Vroegindeweij, C (reprint author), NRG Radiat & Environm, POB 25, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 155 IS 3 BP 498 EP 502 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0498:MMFBNC]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 408FK UT WOS:000167315700015 PM 11182802 ER PT J AU Carr, GL AF Carr, GL TI Resolution limits for infrared microspectroscopy explored with synchrotron radiation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NSLS AB The spatial resolution for infrared microspectroscopy is investigated to determine the practical limits imposed by diffraction or optical aberrations. Quantitative results are obtained using high brightness synchrotron radiation, which serves as a diffraction-limited infrared "point source" for the microscope. The measured resolving power is in good agreement with diffraction theory, including a similar to 30% improvement for a confocal optical arrangement. The diffraction calculation also shows how the confocal setup leads to better image contrast. The full width at half maximum of the instrument's resolution pattern is approximately lambda /2 for this arrangement. One achieves this diffraction limit when the instrument's apertures define a region having dimensions equal to the wavelength of interest. While commercial microspectrometers are well corrected for optical aberrations (allowing diffraction-limited results), the standard substrates used for supporting specimens introduce chromatic aberrations. An analysis of this aberration is also presented, and correction methods described. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carr, GL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1613 EP 1619 DI 10.1063/1.1347965 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900001 ER PT J AU Pinkoski, BT Zacharia, I Hershcovitch, A Johnson, ED Siddons, DP AF Pinkoski, BT Zacharia, I Hershcovitch, A Johnson, ED Siddons, DP TI X-ray transmission through a plasma window SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE; VACUUM AB Traditional solid window materials used for x-ray synchrotron beamlines may introduce undesirably high attenuation, or are subject to failure under high heat loads. A plasma window can in principle obviate these problems over a wide range of energies. Experiments were performed at the Brookhaven National Laboratory National Synchrotron Light Source on beamline X6A to study the transmission characteristics of a plasma window using argon as the arc gas. Measurements were made around the Ar K edge and far from resonance. The "white-line" absorption at the K edge was actually suppressed during arc operation as compared to room temperature gas at the same pressure. This is attributed to the high degree of ionization in the plasma. The relative strength of the white line to the edge jump does not seem to be a strong function of arc current at the argon K edge. Away from resonance (similar to3 times the edge energy) x-ray attenuation was negligible. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pinkoski, BT (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1677 EP 1679 DI 10.1063/1.1344598 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900013 ER PT J AU Kuhl, TL Smith, GS Israelachvili, JN Majewski, J Hamilton, W AF Kuhl, TL Smith, GS Israelachvili, JN Majewski, J Hamilton, W TI Neutron confinement cell for investigating complex fluids SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; POLYMER BRUSHES; GOOD SOLVENT; ADSORBED POLYMER; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; SURFACES; SHEAR; LAYERS AB We describe an apparatus for measuring the molecular density and orientation of confined, ultrathin complex fluids under static and dynamic flow conditions. The device essentially couples the utility of the surface forces apparatus-ability to control surface separation and alignment under applied loads-with in situ structural characterization of the intervening material utilizing neutron reflectivity measurements. The apparatus is designed such that single crystal substrates of quartz or sapphire with areas up to tens of square centimeters can be kept parallel at controlled and well-defined separations from millimeters to less than 100 nm. The large substrate surface area enables direct structural measurements of the density profile of "soft" material placed between the aligned substrates. In addition, the cell is also designed to enable steady shear rates from 0.001 to 20 Hz to be applied in order to follow the dynamic structural response of the confined material, especially at the solid-solution interface. Faster shear rates of order 10(4) can be obtained using oscillatory motion. Current design specifications focus on the use of neutron reflectivity to characterize the structure of end-grafted polymer brush layers, but the device can be employed to probe the structure of any complex fluid of interest and is amenable to other characterization techniques. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Neutron Scattering Sect, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kuhl, TL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Smith, Gregory/D-1659-2016 OI Smith, Gregory/0000-0001-5659-1805 NR 45 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1715 EP 1720 DI 10.1063/1.1347981 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900019 ER PT J AU Nobile, A Bach, HT Romero, J Basinger, RW AF Nobile, A Bach, HT Romero, J Basinger, RW TI A computer-controlled apparatus for performing pressure-composition-temperature measurements on metal hydrides with protium, deuterium, and tritium SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB An apparatus for measuring protium, deuterium, and tritium pressure-composition-temperature (PCT) thermodynamic equilibrium behavior on metal hydrides has been designed, constructed, and operated with deuterium at the Weapons Engineering Tritium Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The apparatus is capable of performing PCT measurements with the three hydrogen isotopes at a maximum pressure of 3.45 MPa, and sample temperatures in the range 25-300 degreesC. A personal computer that controls the system provides the capability for manual or automated operation. Two deuterium PCT isotherms on palladium at 51 and 70 degreesC were measured with the apparatus in the automated mode to demonstrate its operation. Comparison of the resulting isotherms with literature data showed a plateau pressure at 70 degreesC in close agreement with the literature value (57.06 kPa versus literature value of 57.33 kPa). The deuterium capacity at 70 degreesC in palladium at the high end of the isotherm was measured both by the PCT apparatus and by weighing the sample before and after the PCT measurement. The deuterium capacity determined by the PCT apparatus (D/M=0.624 at 144.52 kPa) agreed well with the value determined by the weight difference measurement (D/M=0.628, at 144.52 kPa). These values agreed closely with the literature value (D/M=0.629 at 144.52 kPa). (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Grp MST7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nobile, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Grp MST7, MS E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1775 EP 1780 DI 10.1063/1.1347979 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900027 ER PT J AU Kung, KY Chen, P Wei, F Rupprechter, G Shen, YR Somorjai, GA AF Kung, KY Chen, P Wei, F Rupprechter, G Shen, YR Somorjai, GA TI Ultrahigh vacuum high-pressure reaction system for 2-infrared 1-visible sum frequency generation studies SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; REACTION CELL; CO; CHAMBER; PT(111); DESIGN; UHV AB We designed an ultrahigh vacuum high-pressure (UHVHP) reaction system for in situ sum frequency generation studies. This system allows for pressure (10(-9) Torr-1 atm), and temperature (150-1100 K) dependent investigation of adsorbates on single crystals or polycrystalline foils and of catalytic reactions. By combining two optical parametric systems, we are able to simultaneously detect CO and ethylene on Pt(111) surface. A gas chromatograph is used to monitor the kinetics of ethylene hydrogenation on Pt(111). (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kung, KY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Chen, Peilin/E-2728-2010 OI Chen, Peilin/0000-0003-4154-0487 NR 13 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1806 EP 1809 DI 10.1063/1.1329902 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900032 ER PT J AU Peele, AG Irving, THK Nugent, KA Mancini, DC Christenson, TR Petre, R Brumby, SP Priedhorsky, WC AF Peele, AG Irving, THK Nugent, KA Mancini, DC Christenson, TR Petre, R Brumby, SP Priedhorsky, WC TI LIGA for lobster: First observation of lobster-eye focusing from lithographically produced optics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY OPTICS; CHANNEL-CAPILLARY ARRAYS AB The prospect of making a lobster-eye telescope is drawing closer with recent developments in the manufacture of microchannel-plate optics. This would lead to an x-ray all-sky monitor with vastly improved sensitivity and resolution over existing and other planned instruments. We consider a new approach, using deep etch x-ray lithography, to making a lobster-eye lens that offers certain advantages even over microchannel-plate technology. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Photon & Microfabricat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Int Secur Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Peele, AG (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016; OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478; Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1843 EP 1849 DI 10.1063/1.1347377 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900038 ER PT J AU Warren, CD AF Warren, CD TI Carbon fiber in future vehicles SO SAMPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Automobiles of the future will be forced to travel further on a tank of fuel while discharging lower bevels of pollutants. Currently, the United States uses in excess of 18 million barrels of petroleum per day. Sixty-six percent is used in the transportation of people and goods. Highway vehicles currently account for just under two-thirds of the nation 5 gasoline consumption, and about one-third of the total United States energy usage(1) and contribute a significant amount of the annual U.S. air pollutant burden. In 1997, 57.5% of the carbon monoxide, 29.8% of the nitrogen oxides, 27.2% of the volatile organic compounds, and 23.8% of title carbon dioxide came from highway vehicles.(2) Most of the petroleum based fuel consumed is obtained from non-US sources, creating economic and political vulnerabilities. The U.S. government has supported R&D pertinent to highway vehicles since, the early 1960s, to mitigate these problems. The objectives of the current program's R&D ave the development and eventual commercial application of new technologies that will enable the U.S. highway transportation industry to make significant contributions to the nation's environmental goals while maintaining a superior transportation system that strengthens our economy. To maintain global market share, domestic (U.S.) automotive manufacturers have aggressively sought to develop technologies to increase the fuel efficiency of vehicles while reducing their environmental impact and satisfying consumer needs. The founding of the Partnership for the Next Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) has accelerated this effort by combining the resources of the automotive industry and the federal government. By industry and government working together to improve transportation related fuel efficiency, the United States will lessen the impact that emissions have on our environment and provide a cleaner environment for future generations. Carbon fiber has the potential to make these goals a reality. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Warren, CD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 0091-1062 J9 SAMPE J JI Sampe J. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 BP 7 EP 15 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 407QE UT WOS:000167281600001 ER PT J AU Izaurralde, RC McGill, WB Robertson, JA Juma, NG Thurston, JJ AF Izaurralde, RC McGill, WB Robertson, JA Juma, NG Thurston, JJ TI Carbon balance of the Breton Classical Plots over half a century SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CROPPING SYSTEMS; GRAY LUVISOL; MANAGEMENT; FERTILIZER; PERFORMANCE; ROTATION; ALFALFA; STORAGE; MANURE AB We related C input and management to soil organic C (SOC) dynamics over 51 yr (1939-1990), We used two rotations from the Breton Classical Plots at Breton, Canada, on a Typic Cryoboralf: ii) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow (WF) and (ii) wheat-oat (Avena sativa L.)-barley. (Hordeum vulgare L,)-hay (primarily alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.)-hay (WOBHH), in factorial combination with three Fertility levels: no added fertilizer [Nil], N-P-K-S fertilizers [F], and farmyard manure [M], Net aboveground C productivity (NAGCP, kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) averaged 576 in WF-Nil and 1078 in WF-F and SOC decreased in both, but NAGCP averaged 1208 in WF-M, where SOC increased. A NAGCP of 853 in WOBHH-Nil maintained SOC, while both 1831 in WOBHH-F and 1714 in WOBHH-M increased SOC, After 51 yr, WOBHH-M had 25 Mg ha(-1) more SOC than did WF-Nil. Because of contrasting decay rates and root/shoot ratios, C input needed to maintain the original SOC was twofold greater in WF than in WOBHH, which required a fourfold increase in NAGCP to attain these inputs, A three-compartment model fitted to the data suggested loss of C from the active compartments and gain of C by the passive compartments. Inputs of C that maintained SOC over 51 yr would lead to a steady state of 2.9 times more C than in 1939, and 26% higher than the native SOC content, Return of 30% of the crop C as manure would sustain SOC sequestration in all WOBHH rotations with NAGCP > 400 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) and in those WF rotations with NAGCP > 1000 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. Univ Alberta, Dep Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. RP Izaurralde, RC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 901 D St SW,Ste 900, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM izaurralde@pnl.gov RI Izaurralde, Roberto/E-5826-2012 NR 43 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 18 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 65 IS 2 BP 431 EP 441 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 445NQ UT WOS:000169464300021 ER PT J AU Witt, CE Mitchell, RL Symko-Davies, M Thomas, HP King, R Ruby, DS AF Witt, CE Mitchell, RL Symko-Davies, M Thomas, HP King, R Ruby, DS TI Current status and future prospects for the PVMaT project SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaics(PV); Manufacturing Research and Development (R&D); Photovoltaic Manufacturing; Technology (PVMaT) program; manufacturing cost; PVMaT AB The goals of the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology project (PVMaT) are to help the US PV industry improve photovoltaic manufacturing processes and accelerate cost reductions for PV components and systems. PVMaT is in its ninth year of implementation, and subcontracts with industry have been completed from four solicitations for R&D on manufacturing process problems. We are in the second year of subcontracts for a fifth PVMaT solicitation. Based on the latest (1998) data from ten PVMaT industrial participants, the average direct manufacturing cost for these producers has been reduced by 29% - from $4.08 to $2.91 per peak watt since 1992 - and there has also been a more than five-fold increase in manufacturing capacity - from 13.1 to 73.3 MW. We believe R&D on manufacturing processes contributes significantly to expeditious reductions in PV manufacturing costs, and we identify areas for future R&D. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Witt, CE (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, MS-3214,1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD MAR PY 2001 VL 67 IS 1-4 BP 355 EP 362 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 393HJ UT WOS:000166462900046 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Cheong, HM Park, NG Tracy, CE Mascarenhas, A Benson, DK Deb, SK AF Lee, SH Cheong, HM Park, NG Tracy, CE Mascarenhas, A Benson, DK Deb, SK TI Raman spectroscopic studies of Ni-W oxide thin films SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; nickel; tungsten ID ELECTROCHROMIC BEHAVIOR; ELECTRODES; STATE; WO3 AB We report on a Raman spectroscopic study of sputtered nickel-tungsten oxide films. Their crystallographic and chemical identification with electrochemical lithium insertion and extraction are obtained by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of as-deposited Ni-W oxide films show a strong peak at 525 cm(-1) due to vibrations of the Ni-O bonds and two weaker peaks at 875 and 950 cm(-1), which we attribute to the vibrations of the W-O bonds. The Raman spectrum of the as-deposited Ni-W oxide film shows a blueshift of the Ni-O stretching mode compared to that of a NiOx film. When lithium ions and electrons are inserted, the overall Raman intensity increases due to electrochromic bleaching and the relative intensity of the peak at 875 cm(-1) also increases. By comparing these results with results from the same measurements using sodium ions, we conclude that this reversible peak at 875 cm(-1) is not directly related to the Li or Na ions. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sogang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 121742, South Korea. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Park, Nam-Gyu/F-2477-2014 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044; NR 15 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(01)00707-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 418TD UT WOS:000167906700015 ER PT J AU Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Hsieh, DPH Geng, S AF Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Hsieh, DPH Geng, S TI Influential input classification in probabilistic multimedia models SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE error propagation; model development; Monte Carlo; multimedia mass balance; variance ID SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; VARIABLE SELECTION; COMPUTER-MODELS; UNCERTAINTY; RISK; VARIABILITY; EXPOSURE; SOIL AB Monte Carlo analysis is a statistical simulation method that is often used to assess and quantify the outcome variance in complex environmental fate and effects models. Total outcome variance of these models is a function of (1) the variance (uncertainty and/or variability) associated with each model input and (2) the sensitivity of the model outcome to changes in the inputs. To propagate variance through a model using Monte Carlo techniques, each variable must be assigned a probability distribution. The validity of these distributions directly influences the accuracy and reliability of the model outcome. To efficiently allocate resources for constructing distributions one should first identify the most influential set of variables in the model. Although existing sensitivity and uncertainty analysis methods can provide a relative ranking of the importance of model inputs, they fail to identify the minimum set of stochastic inputs necessary to sufficiently characterize the outcome variance. In this paper, we describe and demonstrate a novel sensitivity/uncertainty analysis method for assessing the importance of each variable in a multimedia environmental fate model. Our analyses show that for a given scenario, a relatively small number of input variables influence the central tendency of the model and an even smaller set determines the spread of the outcome distribution. For each input, the level of influence depends on the scenario under consideration. This information is useful for developing site specific models and improving our understanding of the processes that have the greatest influence on the variance in outcomes from multimedia models. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Nat Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Maddalena, RL (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Nat Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1436-3240 J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1007/PL00009786 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water Resources GA 414KH UT WOS:000167665200001 ER PT J AU Farnan, GA McCurry, MP Walmsley, DG Li, ZZ Raffy, H AF Farnan, GA McCurry, MP Walmsley, DG Li, ZZ Raffy, H TI Doping and characterization of YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN PARTIAL-PRESSURE; LATTICE-PARAMETER; DIFFUSION; REBA2CU3O7-X; YBA2CU3O6+X; DISORDER; GROWTH AB High-quality, smooth, optimally doped, c-axis thin films of YBa2Cu3O7-delta were grown on (001) MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition and subsequent oxygen annealing, They were characterized structurally by theta -2 theta and four-axis x-ray diffraction and, electrically, by a self-inductance measurement, Through subsequent annealing in reduced pressure oxygen environments, underdoped films were produced and again characterized using the same techniques. The doping is reversible and reproducible. A monotonic decrease of T-c and an increase of the c-axis length were found with a decrease of the oxygen partial pressure during the annealing. From these data corresponding values of delta were determined. The width of the rocking curve of the (005) peak was found to be substantially unchanged, at 0.28-0.29 degrees, between the optimally doped and the underdoped films. The relative peak intensities showed a systematic variation with delta in agreement with model calculations by Ye and Nakamura. The grain alignment is exclusively along the MgO high symmetry axes throughout the film. Resistance-temperature characteristics allowed the pseudogap onset temperature, T*, to be determined as a function of doping. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Farnan, GA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Bldg 3137,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 3 BP 160 EP 167 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/14/3/307 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 415AP UT WOS:000167698600007 ER PT J AU Brankovic, SR Wang, JX Adzic, RR AF Brankovic, SR Wang, JX Adzic, RR TI Metal monolayer deposition by replacement of metal adlayers on electrode surfaces SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE electrochemical methods; scanning tunneling microscopy; surface chemical reaction; metallic films; platinum; palladium; silver ID IN-SITU STM; ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION; AU(111); PT(111); PLATINUM; COPPER; GROWTH; FILMS; ACID; GOLD AB A new metal deposition method is demonstrated by deposition of a submonolayer of Pt, a monolayer of Pd and a bilayer of Ag on Au(111) surfaces by using a Cu adlayer as a template. The deposition of these metals occurs as a spontaneous irreversible redox process in which a Cu adlayer, obtained by underpotential deposition, is oxidized by more noble metal cations, which are reduced and simultaneously deposited. The Pt deposit is a two-dimensional submonolayer consisting of partially interconnected nano-clusters of monoatomic height. Pd forms a uniform, but textured monolayer, while Ag forms a bilayer. The deposit of each metal uniformly covers the entire gold surface without preferential deposition along the step edges. This method provides surface adlayer-controlled growth, as compared to the current distribution controlled growth in conventional electrodeposition. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 24 TC 335 Z9 339 U1 19 U2 261 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 474 IS 1-3 BP L173 EP L179 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(00)01103-1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 408YY UT WOS:000167355800002 ER PT J AU McCarty, KF AF McCarty, KF TI Imaging the crystallization and growth of oxide domains on the NiAl(110) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); oxidation; metallic surfaces; alloys ID INITIAL OXIDATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; FILMS AB Using low-energy electron microscopy to selectively image different surface phases, we have examined how the NiAl(1 1 0)surface undergoes oxidation. The clean surface was exposed to either a high or a low O-2 dose at 325 degreesC and then imaged at progressively higher temperatures. While the high-dose procedure does produce a relatively uniform film, oxide-free regions (pinholes) develop when the initially amorphous oxide crystallizes. This oxide film consists of one type of alumina that has two orientational domains, consistent with previous literature reports. Selective imaging of the domains just after crystallization shows that nuclei of both domains are present at high density. With time and temperature, the domains coarsen greatly, as do the oxide-free regions (pinholes). For a low O-2 dose, the substrate is only partially covered by oxide after annealing. Furthermore, the oxide is a mixture of two distinct types of oxide. That is, in addition to the same oxide type as produced at high dose, a different oxide type is also present. Like the high-dose oxide type, the new (low-dose) oxide type is also crystalline and has well-defined crystallographic relationships with respect to the substrate. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 9161,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 474 IS 1-3 BP L165 EP L172 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(00)01104-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 408YY UT WOS:000167355800001 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, RN Balcioglu, A Ramanathan, K AF Bhattacharya, RN Balcioglu, A Ramanathan, K TI Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) of CdS/CuIn(1)Ga(x)Se(2-)based solar cells prepared from electroplated and auto-plated precursors, and by physical vapor deposition SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE DLTS; CuIn1-xGaxSe2; solar cells ID ELECTRODEPOSITED PRECURSORS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; THIN-FILMS AB We fabricated high-efficiency thin-film CuIn1-xGaxSe2-based solar cells from solution-based electroplated, auto-plated precursors and by physical vapor deposition. The devices were characterized by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). DLTS recorded a new electron trap level in addition to two hole (majority-carrier) trap levels and one electron (minority-carrier) trap level for low-efficiency devices. We believe that the additional electron trap level is an effective recombination center, which leads to the poor performance of the device. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 384 IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01817-4 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 410JU UT WOS:000167437500009 ER PT J AU Solaiman, D Jonah, MM Miyazaki, W Ho, G Bhattacharyya, MH AF Solaiman, D Jonah, MM Miyazaki, W Ho, G Bhattacharyya, MH TI Increased metallothionein in mouse liver, kidneys, and duodenum during lactation SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE metallothionein; cadmium exposure; environmental cadmium; lactation; liver; kidneys; duodenum; mouse ID PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED CHANGES; CADMIUM-METALLOTHIONEIN; GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; RENAL TOXICITY; DEFICIENT DIET; RAT-LIVER; MICE; ZINC; METABOLISM; EXPOSURE AB Lactation-induced increases in cadmium absorption and retention have been demonstrated in mid-lactating mice, but no systematic measurements of endogenous metal-binding protein concentrations during lactation have been reported. Using Cd/hemoglobin radioassay, this study detected significant increases in metallothionein (MT) concentrations in liver (4-fold), kidneys (2-fold), and duodenum (2-fold), but not jejunum, of mouse dams on days 13 and 20 of lactation. These increases occurred in the absence of cadmium exposure and were specific to the lactation period; dams 5 days after weaning showed MT levels that were similar to those of nonpregnant (NP) mice. Similarly, Northern blot analyses of livers from lactating mice demonstrated that MT mRNA concentrations in maternal liver during mid-lactation were 6-fold higher than those observed 5 days after pups were weaned. Gel filtration of final supernatants from the Cd/hemoglobin assay confirmed that the Cd-binding molecule induced during lactation was indeed metallothionein. In addition, chromatographic analyses of cytosols from tissues taken from dams administered small amounts of Cd (66 ng/mouse) showed that the trace amounts of Cd absorbed through the maternal gastrointestinal tract during mid-lactation were also bound to the MT. These results indicate MT induction in mouse dams occurs as a physiological consequence of lactation, requiring no external stimulus. This induced MT participates in binding low levels of dietary cadmium consumed by the dam. During lactation, elevated maternal MT may affect pathways for essential trace metals as well as sequester toxic metals harmful to the neonate. Multiparous humans may have increased risk of accumulating environmental Cd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19118 USA. Dominican Univ, Dept Nat Sci, River Forest, IL 60305 USA. RP Bhattacharyya, MH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 07398] NR 57 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 60 IS 1 BP 184 EP 192 DI 10.1093/toxsci/60.1.184 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 407HY UT WOS:000167267200022 PM 11222885 ER PT J AU Traub-Cseko, YM Ramalho-Ortigao, JM Dantas, AP de Castro, SL Barbosa, HS Downing, KH AF Traub-Cseko, YM Ramalho-Ortigao, JM Dantas, AP de Castro, SL Barbosa, HS Downing, KH TI Dinitroaniline herbicides against protozoan parasites: the case of Trypanosoma cruzi SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BETA-TUBULIN GENE; MICROTUBULE INHIBITORS; ANTIMICROTUBULE DINITROANILINES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; LEISHMANIA-MEXICANA; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; TRIFLURALIN; RESISTANCE; PROMASTIGOTES; MUTATIONS AB The drugs presently in use against Chagas disease are very toxic, inducing a great number of side effects. Alternative treatments are necessary, not only for Chagas disease but also for other diseases caused by protozoan parasites where current drugs pose toxicity problems. The plant microtubule inhibitor trifluralin has previously been tested with success against Leishmania, Trypanosoma brucei and several other protozoan parasites. Trypanosoma cruzi,the causative agent of Chagas disease, is also sensitive to the drug. This sensitivity has been correlated with the deduced amino acid sequences of alpha- and beta -tubulin of T.cruzias compared with plant, mammal and other parasite sequences. C1 FIOCRUZ, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Traub-Cseko, YM (reprint author), FIOCRUZ, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, POB 926, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Ramalho-Ortigao, Marcelo/E-8225-2011; Traub-Cseko, Yara/F-2723-2015 NR 37 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1016/S1471-4922(00)01834-1 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 453TW UT WOS:000169933400006 PM 11286798 ER PT J AU Liu, CP Twesten, RD Gibson, JM AF Liu, CP Twesten, RD Gibson, JM TI High-angle annular dark-field imaging of self-assembled Ge islands on Si(001) SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE HAADF; strain field; quantum dot; Ge/Si ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; STEM; RESOLUTION; LAYERS; IMAGES; STRAIN AB Low-resolution high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging is applied to the study of coherent Ge islands on a Si(001) substrate. Experimental HAADF images reveal a complicated pattern for a coherent Ge island under (001) zone axis conditions due to strain-induced interband scattering between different Bloch-wave branches. This complicated pattern varies with objective aperture size and defocus because of the effect from the depth of field. This suggests that the strain field of a coherent Ge island can be mapped out in 3 dimensions using HAADF imaging. When samples are tilted away from dynamical conditions, image contrast agrees with the predictions from atomic number variation (Z contrast). Therefore, quantitatively compositional analysis is feasible under kinematical imaging conditions when strain contrast is suppressed. Simulations using multi-beam Bloch-wave theory agree well with the experimental images on the complicated strain-induced and through-focus images. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, CP (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. RI Liu, Chuan-Pu /H-8926-2012; Gibson, Murray/E-5855-2013 OI Gibson, Murray/0000-0002-0807-6224 NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD MAR PY 2001 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 88 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 419LW UT WOS:000167951400008 PM 11310544 ER PT J AU Entry, JA Watrud, LS Reeves, M AF Entry, JA Watrud, LS Reeves, M TI Influence of organic amendments on the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 from contaminated soil by three grass species SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cs-137; johnson grass; organic matter; phytoremediation; poultry litter; Sr-90 ID RADIOACTIVE CESIUM; RADIOCESIUM; SEEDLINGS; PONDEROSA; INTENSITY; SEASON; GROWTH AB Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), johnson grass (Sorghum halpense) and switchgrass (Panicum virginatum) were compared for their ability to accumulate Cs-137 and Sr-90 from three different contaminated soils in the presence and absence of either sphagnum peat or poultry litter amendments. Above-ground plant biomass did not differ between plants that were not exposed to these radionuclides and those that were exposed to soil containing Cs-137 or Sr-90. After three harvests, bahia, johnson and switchgrass plants accumulated from 17.2 to 67.3% of the Cs-137 and from 25.1 to 61.7% of the Sr-90 added to the soil. Poultry litter and peat moss amendments increased aboveground plant biomass, activity of Cs-137 or (9)0Sr in plant tissue, % accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil and the plant bioconcentration ratio at each harvest compared to the control (no amendment) treatment. The greatest increases in plant biomass, and radionuclide accumulation were observed with poultry litter for each of the three grass species. Johnson grass had greater aboveground plant biomass, activity of Cs-137 and Sr-90 in plant tissue, % accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil and bioconcentration ratio in each soil amendment, at each harvest compared to bahia and switchgrass. The greatest accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 was measured in johnson grass grown in soil that was amended with poultry litter. These results suggest that plant species selection and agronomic practices may need to be considered to maximize phytoremediation of radionuclide contaminated soils. C1 ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soil Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. US EPA, Environm Res Lab, Terr Ecol Branch, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Entry, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soil Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 126 IS 3-4 BP 385 EP 398 DI 10.1023/A:1005201220596 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 396LY UT WOS:000166638900012 ER PT J AU Teel, AL Warberg, CR Atkinson, DA Watts, RJ AF Teel, AL Warberg, CR Atkinson, DA Watts, RJ TI Comparison of mineral and soluble iron Fenton's catalysts for the treatment of trichloroethylene SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fenton's reagent; hydroxyl radical; catalyzed hydrogen peroxide; trichloroethylene; goethite ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE DECOMPOSITION; HYDROXYL RADICALS; RATE CONSTANTS; OXIDATION; REAGENT; CONTAMINANTS; DEGRADATION; QUINOLINE; WATER; OXIDE AB Contaminant degradation, stoichiometry, and role of hydroxyl radicals (OH) in four Fenton's systems were investigated using trichloroethylene (TCE as a model contaminant. A standard Fenton's system, a modified soluble iron system with a pulse input of hydrogen peroxide, and two modified mineral-catalyzed systems (pH 3 and 7) were studied. In the standard Fenton's system, which had the most efficient reaction stoichiometry, 78% of the TCE was degraded; however, chloride analysis indicated that no more than two of the three chlorines were displaced per TCE molecule degraded. Although the modified soluble iron system was characterized by 91% TCE degradation, chloride analysis also indicated that no more than two of the chlorines were lost from the TCE. In the goethite system of pH 3. > 99% of the TCE was degraded. Near-complete release of chloride suggested that the TCE may have been mineralized. Only 22% degradation of TCE was achieved in the pH 7 goethite system, and there was minimal release of chloride. The mineral-catalyzed reactions exhibited the least efficient reaction stoichiometry of the four systems. Experiments using hydroxyl radical scavengers showed that the standard Fenton's system degraded TCE entirely by hydroxyl radical mechanisms, while approximately 10-15% of the degradation achieved in the modified soluble iron and goethite-catalyzed systems at pH 3 was mediated by non-hydroxyl radical mechanisms. In the goethite system at pH 7, only non-hydroxyl radical mechanisms were found. The goethite-catalyzed system at pH 3 effectively degraded the parent compound and may have the potential to mineralize contaminants when used for in situ soil and groundwater remediation and ex situ waste stream treatment in packed-bed reactors. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Watts, RJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. OI Teel, Amy/0000-0002-0882-4413 NR 32 TC 142 Z9 157 U1 7 U2 72 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 35 IS 4 BP 977 EP 984 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00332-8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 403GD UT WOS:000167033400014 PM 11235893 ER PT J AU Zhong, LR Mayer, A Glass, RJ AF Zhong, LR Mayer, A Glass, RJ TI Visualization of surfactant-enhanced nonaqueous phase liquid mobilization and solubilization in a two-dimensional micromodel SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; APERTURE FIELDS; SINGLE FRACTURE; TRANSPORT; DISSOLUTION; LIGHT; SCALE; FLOW AB Surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation is an emerging technology for aquifers contaminated with nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). A two-dimensional! micromodel and image capture system were applied to observe microscale NAPL mobilization and solubilization phenomena. In each experiment a common residual NAPL field was established, followed by a series of mobilization and solubilization experiments. Mobilization floods included pure water floods with variable flow rates and surfactant; floods with variations in surfactant formulations. At relatively low-capillary numbers (N-ca < 10(-3)) the surfactant mobilization floods resulted In higher NAPL saturations than for similar N-ca pure water floods. These differences in macroscopic saturations are explained by differences in microscale mobilization processes. Solubilization of the residual NAPL remaining after the mobilization stage was dominated by the formation of microscale dissolution fingers, which produced nonequilibrium macroscale NAPL solubilization. A macroemulsion phase also was observed to form spontaneously and persist during the solubilization stage of the experiments. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zhong, LR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Petr & Geosyst Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 3 BP 523 EP 537 DI 10.1029/2000WR900300 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 408EE UT WOS:000167312900008 ER PT J AU Tsang, YW Tsang, CF AF Tsang, YW Tsang, CF TI A particle-tracking method for advective transport in fractures with diffusion into finite matrix blocks SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; SINGLE FRACTURE; ROCK; DISPERSION; FLOW AB A particle-tracking method has been developed to calculate tracer transport in fractures with diffusion into finite rock matrix blocks. The method is an extension of the work of Yamashita and Kimura [1990], which is only applicable to diffusion into an infinite matrix. The new method has been verified against a number of analytic or semianalytic solutions for transport in a homogeneous fracture medium with matrix diffusion. The method is applied to the calculation of tracer breakthrough curves for a hypothetical tracer injection-withdrawal experiment in a heterogeneous fracture zone, with variable hydraulic properties and finite matrix blocks. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsang, YW (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 3 BP 831 EP 835 DI 10.1029/2000WR900367 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 408EE UT WOS:000167312900033 ER PT J AU Oertelt, G Babu, SS David, SA Kenik, EA AF Oertelt, G Babu, SS David, SA Kenik, EA TI Effect of thermal cycling on friction stir welds of 2195 aluminum alloy SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE friction stir welding; aluminum alloy 2195; postweld thermal cycling; dynamically recrystallized zone; thermomechanically affected zone; heat-affected zone ID EVOLUTION AB The microstructure in friction stir welded (FSW) aluminum Alloy 2195 was investigated in the as-welded and postweld thermal cycled conditions. The as-welded microstructure in the dynamically recrystallized zone (DXZ) contains both dislocated and recovered grains. This DXZ region was subjected to thermal cycling. Thermal cycling led to a decrease in dislocation density and precipitation of the second phase within and along the grain boundaries. These results show the DXZ region is supersaturated with alloying element. The grain growth kinetics in the DXZ region were complicated because of the interaction of precipitation and the recovery of deformed grains. C1 Univ Min & Met Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Oertelt, G (reprint author), Univ Min & Met Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 80 IS 3 BP 71S EP 79S PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 746KN UT WOS:000186745700012 ER PT J AU Pechmann, JHK Estes, RA Scott, DE Gibbons, JW AF Pechmann, JHK Estes, RA Scott, DE Gibbons, JW TI Amphibian colonization and use of ponds created for trial mitigation of wetland loss SO WETLANDS LA English DT Review DE wetland creation; mitigation; amphibians; migration ID SALAMANDER AMBYSTOMA-TALPOIDEUM; NOTOPHTHALMUS-VIRIDESCENS RAFINESQUE; TEMPORARY POND; BREEDING MIGRATIONS; MARBLED SALAMANDERS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FLORIDA SANDHILLS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; BUFO-CALAMITA; LIFE-HISTORY AB Created ponds were built as an experiment in mitigating the loss of a wetland to construction. We monitored amphibian breeding population sizes and juvenile recruitment at these "created ponds" for 8.5 years and compared the populations to those observed at the original wetland, Sun Bay (less than or equal to 600 m from the created ponds), and at an undisturbed reference wetland, Rainbow Bay. Some amphibians continued breeding migrations to Sun Bay even after it was filled with soil. Few of the anuran colonists of the created ponds had been previously captured at Sun Bay, but many of the salamander colonists had been collected. The created ponds became permanent, whereas Sun Bay and Rainbow Bay were temporary ponds. Juveniles of two salamander species and 10 species of frogs and toads metamorphosed and emigrated from the created ponds during the study. By the final years of the study, the community structure of adult and juvenile amphibians differed among the three created ponds, as well as between these ponds and the prior amphibian community at the filled wetland and the contemporaneous community at the reference wetland. Mean size at metamorphosis was smaller at the created ponds than at the reference site for two species of frogs, whereas the opposite was true for two salamanders. We conclude that the created ponds provided partial mitigation for the loss of the natural amphibian breeding habitat. Differences between the created ponds and the natural wetlands were likely related to differences in their hydrologic regimes, size, substrates, vegetation, and surrounding terrestrial habitats and to the limited availability of colonists of some species. C1 Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Gibbons, JW (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. NR 122 TC 72 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 1 BP 93 EP 111 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2001)021[0093:ACAUOP]2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 417NB UT WOS:000167840100009 ER PT J AU Shin, NS Chang, CT Koo, YM Padmore, H AF Shin, NS Chang, CT Koo, YM Padmore, H TI Background spectrum of synchrotron radiation-excited total reflection x-ray fluorescence for Si wafer analysis SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID SURFACES AB In the synchrotron radiation-excited total reflection x-ray fluorescence (SR-TXRF) determination of surface contaminants on Si wafers, the minimum detection limit is intrinsically determined by the background spectrum. The absolute counts of background spectra for the whole energy range concerned was calculated under the usual SR-TXRF experimental conditions and was compared with measurements. The detection limits for contaminants near the surface of Si wafers within a few atomic layers were evaluated from the calculated background spectrum and the fluorescence signal under given experimental conditions. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol, Pohang 790600, South Korea. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shin, NS (reprint author), Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790784, South Korea. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 30 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1002/xrs.477 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 419RM UT WOS:000167962500010 ER PT J AU Subramaniam, K Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Subramaniam, K Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C TI Copper uptake by inorganic particles - equilibrium, kinetics, and particle interactions: experimental SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 72nd ACS Colloid and Surface Science Symposium CY JUN 21-24, 1998 CL PENN ST UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PA SP Amer Chem Soc Div Colloid & Surface Chem HO PENN ST UNIV DE oxide particles; metal uptake; equilibrium; kinetics; particle flocculation ID HYDROLYZABLE METAL-IONS; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; IRON-OXIDE; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CHARGE REVERSAL; ORGANIC-MATTER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MODEL SYSTEMS AB Copper uptake by ferric oxide and silica particles is studied through batch equilibrium and kinetic experiments under different conditions of pH and ionic strength. Acid-base titrations of the oxide particles indicate that the point of zero charge is 3.0 for the ferric oxide and 4.7 for the silica particles used in this study. For the same particles, electrokinetic measurements show an isoelectric point of 2.2 for ferric oxide and 2.7 for silica. The extent of metal removal is found to strongly depend on solution conditions and to increase with an increase in pH. Changes in ionic strength cause little or no significant change in the pH dependence of ion uptake. From control experiments, as well as from copper hydrolysis and speciation calculations, copper precipitation (as CuO) is evident above pH 6. In the acidic and neutral pH ranges, a marked increase in the zeta potential of both sorbents from baseline values is found during equilibrium copper uptake. Size distribution measurements show an increase in the number of flocculated sorbent particles at pH values corresponding to the steep increase in copper uptake. Further, at highly acidic pH ranges, silica particles are found to be well stabilized and non-flocculating in equilibrium uptake studies. Similar findings are observed with ferric oxide particles at highly alkaline pH values. Kinetic studies indicate that copper uptake by ferric oxide is a much slower process as compared with uptake by silica under the conditions studied here. Also, the lower the sorbate/sorbent molar concentration ratio, the faster is the rate of copper uptake. With both particles, a rapid increase in zeta potential is observed within the first few minutes. Flee formation and breakage are evident from size distribution measurements. These findings indicate a possible role of metal ion uptake in particle flocculation kinetics through alteration of the zeta potential of sorbent particles. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yiacoumi, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 EI 1873-4359 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 177 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 133 EP 146 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 389XY UT WOS:000166265000006 ER PT J AU Tsouris, C DePaoli, DW Shor, JT Hu, MZC Ying, TY AF Tsouris, C DePaoli, DW Shor, JT Hu, MZC Ying, TY TI Electrocoagulation for magnetic seeding of colloidal particles SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 72nd ACS Colloid and Surface Science Symposium CY JUN 21-24, 1998 CL PENN ST UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Chem Soc Div Colloid & Surface Chem HO PENN ST UNIV DE electrocoagulation; magnetic seeding; magnetic separation; magnetite ID TURBIDITY REMOVAL; SEPARATION; PRECIPITATION; FILTRATION; COLOR; WATER AB Electrocoagulation (EC) was investigated as a magnetic seeding method to be used prior to a high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) process. Experimental results showed that particulates with significant magnetic susceptibility were formed by EC with steel electrodes. Magnetite was specifically formed most readily in a sodium chloride solution, in the absence of other ions, but also in surrogate wastewater under controlled conditions. These results suggest that EC could be employed in a magnetic seeding process in which paramagnetic particles are formed and then removed through high-gradient magnetic filtration (HGMF). The effects of applied potential and current on the magnetic susceptibility and composition of particles formed by EC in a pure sodium chloride solution and in a surrogate wastewater solution were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Results showed that pure magnetite particles of 100-nm diameter were formed in the sodium chloride solution. Various compounds were present in particles produced by the surrogate wastewater solution, indicating that the formation of magnetite particles was hindered by the presence of some cations and anions. Although these particles had a much lower magnetic susceptibility than magnetite particles, their magnetic susceptibility was relatively high and permitted good removal in HGMF. The removal of copper ions from both deionized water and surrogate wastewater by EC followed by HGMF was also investigated. Results obtained at pH 10 and 12 showed a higher copper ion removal from the deionized water solution than from the surrogate wastewater. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tsouris, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 21 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 177 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 223 EP 233 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 389XY UT WOS:000166265000014 ER PT J AU Rutherford, SW AF Rutherford, SW TI Polymer permeability and time lag at high concentrations of sorbate SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gas and vapor permeation; diffusion; time lags ID GAS SORPTION; DIFFUSION; PERMEATION; VAPORS AB A recently proposed theory of polymer sorption derived from thermodynamic analysis, was used to develop general analytical expressions for permeability, time lag and steady-state profile under non-linear Types I and II sorption equilibrium observed in glassy polymer membranes and Type III equilibrium observed in rubbers. Useful subclasses of these general analytical expressions are explored in order to demonstrate their utility for characterisation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rutherford, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 1 BP 101 EP 107 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00579-2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 401UW UT WOS:000166947500009 ER PT J AU Plestil, J Kriz, J Tuzar, Z Prochazka, K Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Talingting, MR Munk, P Webber, SE AF Plestil, J Kriz, J Tuzar, Z Prochazka, K Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Talingting, MR Munk, P Webber, SE TI Small-angle neutron scattering study of onion-type micelles SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER MICELLES; POLY(2-VINYLPYRIDINE)-BLOCK-POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); CORE; NMR; DEPENDENCE; CHAINS; SANS; D2O AB Full Paper: Onion-type block copolymer micelles were prepared from polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-PVP) inner micelles in an acidic solution by basifying in the presence of poly(2-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PVP-b-PEO). This has the effect of depositing the PVP-b-PEO onto the collapsed corona of the PS-b-PVP micelle. These core PS-b-PVP micelles, the small micelles formed by PVP-b-PEO, and the resulting onion micelles were studied by small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. Two recently developed evaluation techniques were employed: 1. Bare-core approximation, which utilizes the data at larger scattering angles and provided information about the size and polydispersity of the micelle cores. 2. Application of the Pedersen and Gerstenberg micelle model, which utilizes the whole scattering curve. Due to their polyelectrolyte nature, the core micelles had very extended coronas corresponding to rather large statistical segment lengths. The SANS data at large scattering angles for the solution of onion-type micelles revealed the presence of a significant number of the small PVP-b-PEO micelles.: The contribution of the small micelles to the total scattering was subtracted and the properties and polydispersities of onion cores and stabilizing PEO coronas were obtained. [GRAPHICS] C1 Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Macromol Chem, CR-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic. Charles Univ, Dept Phys & Macromol Chem, Prague 2840 2, Czech Republic. Charles Univ, Lab Specialty Polymers, Prague 2840 2, Czech Republic. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Plestil, J (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Macromol Chem, Heyrovsky Sq 2, CR-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic. RI Prochazka, Karel/C-3012-2014; Plestil, Josef/H-6807-2014; Tuzar, Zdenek/H-7867-2014; Kriz, Jaroslav/H-7510-2014 OI Prochazka, Karel/0000-0003-2144-5378; NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1022-1352 J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC JI Macromol. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 202 IS 4 BP 553 EP 563 DI 10.1002/1521-3935(20010201)202:4<553::AID-MACP553>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 409EZ UT WOS:000167372700013 ER PT J AU Nair, BG Cooper, RF Plesha, ME AF Nair, BG Cooper, RF Plesha, ME TI High-temperature creep of a bi-directional, continuous-SiC-fiber-reinforced glass-ceramic composite SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE ceramic composite; fiber-reinforced; bidirectional; creep; modeling; laminate ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MATRIX COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; INTERFACES; DAMAGE AB The 'off-axis', high-temperature compression creep behavior of bidirectionally (2D, 0/90 degrees) reinforced CAS-II/SiC (Nicalon(R) fiber) composites was studied experimentally in the stress-temperature regime of 1275-1325 degreesC and 15-50 MPa. The results indicated that the overall, high-T theologic response of the 2D composites was intermediate to the properties of ID composites with fiber orientations corresponding to the constituent plies in the 2D material. This behavior strongly suggested that the 2D material behaved as an isostrain laminate during creep. A simple analysis, treating the 2D material as a three-phase laminate, where the constituent plies were assigned the viscoelastic properties of the corresponding 1D materials and separated by thin layers of unreinforced matrix, fit the experimental data. In the case of 2D composites with the plies misoriented at 20 and 70 degrees to the applied stress (20/-70 degrees composites), however, microstructural study suggested that growth of cracks in directions perpendicular to the applied stress due to the Poisson effect would have made a significant contribution to the bulk strain. Hence, such crack growth acts as a limitation to the universal applicability of the laminate model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nucl Engn & Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Nair, BG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 300 IS 1-2 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01778-0 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 396FY UT WOS:000166626700008 ER PT J AU Cerchiai, BL Zumino, B AF Cerchiai, BL Zumino, B TI Some remarks on unilateral matrix equations SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Euroconference on Brane New World and Noncommutative Geometry CY OCT 02-07, 2000 CL TURIN, ITALY SP ISI Fdn AB We briefly review the results of our paper(4): We study certain perturbative solutions of left-unilateral matrix equations. These are algebraic equations where the coefficients and the unknown are square matrices of the same order, or, more abstractly, elements of an associative, but possibly noncommutative algebra, and all coefficients are on the left. Recently such equations have appeared in a discussion of generalized Born-Infeld theories. In particular, two equations, their perturbative solutions and the relation between them are studied, applying a unified approach based on the generalized Bezout theorem for matrix polynomials. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cerchiai, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Cerchiai, Bianca Letizia/0000-0002-0109-0330 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1142/S0217732301003267 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 427HP UT WOS:000168399000005 ER PT J AU Luning, J Stohr, J Song, KY Hawker, CJ Iodice, P Nguyen, CV Yoon, DY AF Luning, J Stohr, J Song, KY Hawker, CJ Iodice, P Nguyen, CV Yoon, DY TI Correlation of surface and bulk order in low surface energy polymers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; FINE-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; ORIENTATION; STATE; EDGE C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem, Seoul 151742, South Korea. ELORET Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94087 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. RP Luning, J (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, MS 69,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM luning@stanford.edu; dyyoon@snu.ac.kr RI Hawker, Craig/G-4971-2011 OI Hawker, Craig/0000-0001-9951-851X NR 23 TC 52 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1128 EP 1130 DI 10.1021/ma0001584 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 405AX UT WOS:000167136000002 ER PT J AU Stevens, MJ AF Stevens, MJ TI Manipulating connectivity to control fracture in network polymer adhesives SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID EPOXIES AB Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are applied to fracture in highly cross-linked, polymer networks. Random polymer networks between two solid surfaces are created by simulating the dynamical cross-linking process. Simple, ordered networks are constructed geometrically, which enables easy manipulation of the network connectivity. The failure strain of tensile pull and shear simulations is related to the minimal paths through the network connecting the solid surfaces. This result is confirmed by using the ordered networks to explicity vary the minimal paths over a very wide range. Failure strains are constructed in the ordered systems to be either larger or smaller than the dynamically formed networks. The constraints imposed by the network connectivity control the tightness of local deformations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1411 EP 1415 DI 10.1021/ma0009505 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 405AX UT WOS:000167136000043 ER PT J AU Thomas-Keprta, KL Clemett, SJ Bazylinski, DA Kirschvink, JL McKay, DS Wentworth, SJ Vali, H Gibson, EK McKay, MF Romanek, CS AF Thomas-Keprta, KL Clemett, SJ Bazylinski, DA Kirschvink, JL McKay, DS Wentworth, SJ Vali, H Gibson, EK McKay, MF Romanek, CS TI Truncated hexa-octahedral magnetite crystals in ALH84001: Presumptive biosignatures SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; IRON TRANSPORT; METEORITE; MARS; MAGNETOFOSSILS AB McKay et al. [(1996) Science 273, 924-930] suggested that carbonate globules in the meteorite ALH84001 contained the fossil remains of Martian microbes. We have characterized a subpopulation of magnetite (Fe3O4) crystals present in abundance within the Fe-rich rims of these carbonate globules. We find these Martian magnetites to be both chemically and physically identical to terrestrial, biogenically precipitated, intracellular magnetites produced by magnetotactic bacteria strain MV-1. Specifically, both magnetite populations are single-domain and chemically pure, and exhibit a unique crystal habit we describe as truncated hexaoctahedral. There are no known reports of inorganic processes to explain the observation of truncated hexa-octahedral magnetites in a terrestrial sample. In bacteria strain MV-1 their presence is therefore likely a product of Natural Selection. Unless there is an unknown and unexplained inorganic process on Mars that is conspicuously absent on the Earth and forms truncated hexaoctahedral magnetites, we suggest that these magnetite crystals in the Martian meteorite ALH84001 were likely produced by a biogenic process. As such, these crystals are interpreted as Martian magnetofossils and constitute evidence of the oldest life yet found. C1 Lockheed Martin, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Thomas-Keprta, KL (reprint author), Lockheed Martin, 2400 NASA Rd 1,Mail Code C23, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RI Vali, Hojatollah/F-3511-2012 OI Vali, Hojatollah/0000-0003-3464-9943 NR 27 TC 106 Z9 113 U1 3 U2 29 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 5 BP 2164 EP 2169 DI 10.1073/pnas.051500898 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 407EH UT WOS:000167258900014 PM 11226210 ER PT J AU Gradinaru, CC Kennis, JTM Papagiannakis, E van Stokkum, IHM Cogdell, RJ Fleming, GR Niederman, RA van Grondelle, R AF Gradinaru, CC Kennis, JTM Papagiannakis, E van Stokkum, IHM Cogdell, RJ Fleming, GR Niederman, RA van Grondelle, R TI An unusual pathway of excitation energy deactivation in carotenoids: Singlet-to-triplet conversion on an ultrafast timescale in a photosynthetic antenna SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BACTERIUM RHODOSPIRILLUM-RUBRUM; LIGHT-HARVESTING ANTENNA; PURPLE BACTERIA; PUMP-PROBE; BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL; DYNAMICS; PIGMENT; SYSTEMS; POLYENES; STATES AB Carotenoids are important biomolecules that are ubiquitous in nature and find widespread application in medicine. In photosynthesis, they have a large role in light harvesting (LH) and photoprotection. They exert their LH function by donating their excited singlet state to nearby (bacterio)chlorophyll molecules. In photosynthetic bacteria, the efficiency of this energy transfer process can be as low as 30%. Here, we present evidence that an unusual pathway of excited state relaxation in carotenoids underlies this poor LH function, by which carotenoid triplet states are generated directly from carotenoid singlet states. This pathway, operative on a femtosecond and picosecond timescale, involves an intermediate state, which we identify as a new, hitherto uncharacterized carotenoid singlet excited state. In LH complex-bound carotenoids, this state is the precursor on the reaction pathway to the triplet state, whereas in extracted carotenoids in solution, this state returns to the singlet ground state without forming any triplets. We discuss the possible identity of this excited state and argue that fission of the singlet state into a pair of triplet states on individual carotenoid molecules constitutes the mechanism by which the triplets are generated. This is, to our knowledge, the first ever direct observation of a singlet-to-triplet conversion process on an ultrafast timescale in a photosynthetic antenna. C1 Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Glasgow, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Gradinaru, CC (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RI van Stokkum, Ivo/E-7175-2015 OI van Stokkum, Ivo/0000-0002-6143-2021 NR 29 TC 221 Z9 226 U1 6 U2 75 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 5 BP 2364 EP 2369 DI 10.1073/pnas.051501298 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 407EH UT WOS:000167258900049 PM 11226245 ER PT J AU Frauenfelder, H McMahon, BH Austin, RH Chu, K Groves, JT AF Frauenfelder, H McMahon, BH Austin, RH Chu, K Groves, JT TI The role of structure, energy landscape, dynamics, and allostery in the enzymatic function of myoglobin SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE; LIGAND-BINDING; CARBONMONOXY-MYOGLOBIN; HEME-PROTEINS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NOBEL LECTURE; MECHANISMS; MONOXIDE; PHOTODISSOCIATION; METMYOGLOBIN AB The grail of protein science is the connection between structure and function. For myoglobin (Mb) this goal is close. Described as only a passive dioxygen storage protein in texts, we argue here that Mb is actually an allosteric enzyme that can catalyze reactions among small molecules. Studies of the structural, spectroscopic, and kinetic properties of Mb lead to a model that relates structure, energy landscape, dynamics, and function. Mb functions as a miniature chemical reactor, concentrating and orienting diatomic molecules such as NO, CO, O-2, and H2O2 in highly conserved internal cavities. Reactions can be controlled because Mb exists in distinct taxonomic substates with different catalytic properties and connectivities of internal cavities. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Phys, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Frauenfelder, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS-B 258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 36298, R01 GM036298, R37 GM036298] NR 51 TC 267 Z9 270 U1 3 U2 37 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 5 BP 2370 EP 2374 DI 10.1073/pnas.041614298 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 407EH UT WOS:000167258900050 PM 11226246 ER PT J AU Yu, CT Li, DQ Pearson, J Bader, SD AF Yu, CT Li, DQ Pearson, J Bader, SD TI Self-assembled metallic dots and antidots: Epitaxial Co on Ru(0001) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PIT FORMATION; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; SURFACES; ISLANDS; NUCLEATION; TRANSITION; MECHANISMS; GE/SI(001); DIFFUSION AB We have grown similar to1-420 nm thick epitaxial Co wedges on Ru(0001) with molecular-beam epitaxy at 350 degreesC and characterized them with atomic force microscopy. A metal-on-metal growth mode was observed where three-dimensional islands (dots) or a flat film network with holes (antidots) in truncated pyramidal shapes exist below or above similar to 20 nm, respectively. The top of the islands and the rim of the holes are flat with a roughness of similar to0.3 nm, and the lateral sizes of these dots/antidots, similar to 10(2) nm, tend to be uniform. We suggest that this self-assembled growth be mainly driven by strain. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Li, DQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 9 BP 1228 EP 1230 DI 10.1063/1.1351522 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 405GK UT WOS:000167151000020 ER PT J AU Harrison, WTA Phillips, MLF Stanchfield, J Nenofff, TM AF Harrison, WTA Phillips, MLF Stanchfield, J Nenofff, TM TI Pseudopyramidal building units in mixed inorganic/organic network solids: Syntheses, structures, and properties of alpha- and beta-ZnHPO3 center dot N4C2H4 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESES; TIN(II) PHOSPHATE; ZINC-PHOSPHATES; FRAMEWORKS; PHOSPHITES; CHANNELS AB The syntheses, crystal structures, and some properties of alpha- and beta -ZnHPO3.N4C2H4 are reported. These polymorphic phases are the first organically templated hydrogen phosphites. They are built up from vertex-sharing HPO3 pseudopyramids and ZnO3N tetrahedra, where the Zn-N bond represents a direct link between zinc and the neutral 2-cyanoguanidine template. alpha -ZnHPO3.N4C2H4 is built up from infinite layers of vertex-sharing ZnO3N and HPO3 groups forming 4-rings and 8-rings. beta -ZnHPO3.N4C2H4 has strong one-dimensional character, with the polyhedral building units forming 4-ring ladders. Similarities and differences to related zinc phosphates are discussed. Crystal data: alpha -ZnHPO3.N4C2H4, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 9.7718 (5) Angstrom, b = 8.2503 (4) Angstrom, c = 9.2491 (5) A, beta = 104.146 (1)degrees, Z = 4. beta -ZnHPO3.N4C2H4, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 14.5092 (9) Angstrom, b = 10.5464(6) Angstrom, 10.3342 (6) Angstrom, beta = 114.290 (1)degrees, Z = 8. C1 Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Harrison, WTA (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. NR 33 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 5 BP 895 EP 899 DI 10.1021/ic000723j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 403ZU UT WOS:000167073600013 ER PT J AU Huang, RL Espenson, JH AF Huang, RL Espenson, JH TI Mechanistic study of oxygen-transfer reaction catalyzed by an oxorhenium(V) compound SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATOM TRANSFER; METHANOBACTERIUM-WOLFEI; METHYLRHENIUM TRIOXIDE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; TUNGSTEN; RHENIUM; COMPLEXES; MOLYBDENUM; EPOXIDATION; OXIDATIONS AB The new binuclear oxothiolatorhenium(V) compound. Re2O2(mtp)(3) (D-1, mtpH(2) = 2-mercaptomethylthiophenol) was found to be an efficient catalyst for oxygen-transfer reactions. Strong Lewis bases such as phosphines coordinate to one of the rhenium centers in D-1; we suggest that this opens one of the Re-S bridges. Dialkylsulfides coordinate weakly to D-1. Alkylarylsulfides, diarylsulfides, triphenylarsine and triphenylstibine, and dienes and alkenes do not coordinate to D-1. D-1 catalyzes the oxidation of phosphines, arsines, stibenes, sulfides, and dienes by pyridine N-oxides and catalyzes the oxidation of phosphines by dimethyl sulfoxide. The kinetics and mechanism for the oxidation of triarylphosphines by pyridine N-oxides were investigated. The relative reactivities of all substrates were studied by competitive reactions. The order was found to be phosphine > arsine > stibene > sulfide > diene. The reaction is proposed to go through a Re(VII) intermediate with pyridine N-oxide as one of the ligands. The N-O bond was activated through coordination to rhenium, and the oxygen atom was abstracted by a phosphine forming a phosphine oxide. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 5 BP 994 EP 999 DI 10.1021/ic000854k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 403ZU UT WOS:000167073600027 ER PT J AU Richter, S Goldberg, SA Mason, PB Traina, AJ Schwieters, JB AF Richter, S Goldberg, SA Mason, PB Traina, AJ Schwieters, JB TI Linearity tests for secondary electron multipliers used in isotope ratio mass spectrometry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE secondary electron multiplier; linearity; isotope ratio mass spectrometry ID DEAD-TIME; DETECTOR AB Methods are described for testing the linearity in the count-rate response of discrete dynode secondary electron multipliers (SEM), widely used to detect the smallest ion currents in various fields of mass spectrometry. The results consistently reveal small degrees of nonlinearity and demonstrate the need to test and characterize the response of SEMs to achieve accurate measurements. Recommendations and mathematical algorithms are given to improve the measurement results of secondary electron multipliers used in isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Analyses of a certified uranium reference material (CRM U500, U-234/U-235/U-236/U-238 approximate to 0.01/1/0.0015/1) using a SEM in ion-counting mode yielded deviations from linearity ranging up to 1.5% in the measured U-234/U-235 and U-236/U-235 ratios. Because the dead time of the ion-counting electronics was determined independently, the observed deviations could be distinguished from the dead-time effect, indicating that nonlinearity was inherent to the SEM, It is shown that the deviations have a similar dependence on count rate for four SEMs produced by ETP and two SEMs produced by MasCom: for count rates below similar to2 X 10(4) counts per second no deviations were found, and consequently, no correction is required. Beyond that rate, the output response of the SEM starts to increase linearly with the logarithm of the applied count rate, with slopes ranging between 0.2% and 0.9% per decade of count rate for the SEMs investigated in this work. Based on the observed deviations, an appropriate correction algorithm, called restricted logarithmic rate effect (RLR), was developed and tested by further measurements of Certified Reference Materials U030A, U050, U200, U500, and U900. A comparison with the uncorrected data and the overall logarithmic corrected data shows the excellent performance of the RLR correction for achieving accurate isotope ratio results. For the proper reporting of ion-counting measurements, the uncertainty in quantifying the nonlinearity component should be included in the total uncertainty budget. The RLR correction is associated with an increase in the uncertainty budget by a factor of 1.1-1.5, even for count rates beyond 10(5) counts per second. Furthermore, the deviations from linearity show a small dependence on the high voltage applied to the SEM. Surface charge effects at the final dynode stages of the SEM are inferred to be responsible for the observed nonlinearity. These effects occur within different manufactured varieties of discrete dynode electron multipliers. These observations indicate that linearity checks are required when a SEM is used for high-accuracy isotope ratio measurements of small quantities of analyte. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 US Dept Energy, New Brunswick Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Finnigan MAT, D-28197 Bremen, Germany. RP Richter, S (reprint author), US Dept Energy, New Brunswick Lab, 9800 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 206 IS 1-2 BP 105 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00395-X PG 23 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 407NR UT WOS:000167278100011 ER PT J AU Argebe, Y Valkiers, S Poths, J Norgaard, J Kipphardt, H De Bievre, P Taylor, PDP AF Argebe, Y Valkiers, S Poths, J Norgaard, J Kipphardt, H De Bievre, P Taylor, PDP TI A primary isotopic gas standard for krypton with values for isotopic composition and molar mass traceable to the Systeme International d'Unites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE primary isotopic gas standard; molar mass; isotopic composition; gas isotope mass spectrometry; isotope amount ratio; traceability; SI; krypton ID SPECTROMETRY; XENON AB Isotope amount ratios of krypton were measured on subsamples from one large batch of high purity krypton separated from the atmosphere. Synthetic mixtures of enriched krypton isotopes were used to "calibrate" the measurements with small uncertainties. The result is a primary isotopic gas standard (PIGS) IRMM-2030 with certified values for isotope ratios, isotopic composition, and molar mass of krypton with small combined uncertainties u(c), evaluated according to the ISO/BIPM Guide (GUM). It is commercially available from IRMM-Geel or from MESSER (Duisburg, D). The certified krypton isotope amount ratios in the PIGS IRMM-2030 are as follows: n(Kr-78)/n(Kr-84)=0.006 232 5(55), n(Kr-80)/n(Kr-84)=0.040 107(17), n(Kr-82)/n(Kr-84)=0.203 43(17), n(Kr-83)/n(Kr-84)=0.201 79(11), and n(Kr-86)/n(Kr-84)=0.303 205(59) with expanded uncertainty U=ku(c) and coverage factor k=2, The molar mass of Kr in this sample is M(Kr)=83,798 02(16) g/mol. These values are in good agreement with published measurements of atmospheric krypton but have smaller combined uncertainties and are "calibrated" by means of synthetic isotope mixtures. The values of the PIGS are traceable to the SI. Measurements of isotope amount ratios of krypton in other samples can be linked to SI using this PIGS. (Int J Mass Spectrom 206 (2001) 129-136) (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bundesanstalt Mat Forsch & Prufung, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Valkiers, S (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 206 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00397-3 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 407NR UT WOS:000167278100012 ER PT J AU Slanic, Z Belanger, DP Fernandez-Baca, JA AF Slanic, Z Belanger, DP Fernandez-Baca, JA TI Scaling properties of the critical behaviour of the dilute antiferromagnet Fe0.93Zn0.07F2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID FIELD CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; HIGH-MAGNETIC CONCENTRATION; ISING-MODEL; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; CRITICAL SCATTERING; RANDOM-EXCHANGE; CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; FEXZN1-XF2; CROSSOVER AB Critical scattering analyses for dilute antiferromagnets are made difficult by the lack of predicted theoretical line shapes beyond mean-held models. Nevertheless, with the use of some general scaling assumptions we have developed a procedure by means of which we can analyse the equilibrium critical scattering in these systems for H = 0, the random-exchange Ising model, and, more importantly, for H > 0, the random-field Ising model. Our new fitting approach, unlike the more conventional techniques, allows us to obtain the universal critical behaviour exponents and amplitude ratios as well as the critical line shapes. We discuss the technique as applied to Fe0.93Zn0.07F2. The general technique, however, should be applicable to other problems where the scattering line shapes are not well understood but scaling is expected to hold. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Slanic, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 8 BP 1711 EP 1726 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/8/308 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408UQ UT WOS:000167336700012 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Muller, KA Micnas, R Buttner, H Simon, A Bishop, AR Egami, T AF Bussmann-Holder, A Muller, KA Micnas, R Buttner, H Simon, A Bishop, AR Egami, T TI Theory of dynamic stripe induced superconductivity SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Letter ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CUO2 PLANE; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; BAG MECHANISM; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; MODEL; LA1.85SR0.15CUO4; LA2-XSRXCUO4 AB Since the recently reported giant isotope effect on T* (Lanzara A et al 1999 J. Phys.: Condens, Matter 11 L541 and Rubio Temprano D et al 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett, 84 1990) could be consistently explained within an anharmonic spin-charge-phonon interaction model, we consider here the role played by stripe formation on the superconducting properties within the same model. This is a two-component scenario and we recast its basic elements into a BCS effective Hamiltonian, We find that the stripe formation is vital to high-T-c superconductivity since it provides the glue between the two components to enhance T-c to the unexpectedly large values observed experimentally. C1 Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Theoret Phys 1, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Bussmann-Holder, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Micnas, Roman/E-9668-2015 NR 44 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 8 BP L169 EP L174 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/8/101 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 408UQ UT WOS:000167336700001 ER PT J AU Gorgen, A Nenoff, N Hubel, H Baldsiefen, G Becker, JA Byrne, AP Chmel, S Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Korten, W Krucken, R Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Paul, ES van Severen, UJ Stephens, FS Vetter, K Wadsworth, R Wilson, AN Wilson, JN AF Gorgen, A Nenoff, N Hubel, H Baldsiefen, G Becker, JA Byrne, AP Chmel, S Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Korten, W Krucken, R Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Paul, ES van Severen, UJ Stephens, FS Vetter, K Wadsworth, R Wilson, AN Wilson, JN TI Magnetic rotation in Pb-197 and Pb-198 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE W-186(O-18,xn); E=104, 110, 115 MeV; measured gamma gamma-coincidences; E gamma; DCO ratios; linear polarization; Pb-197,Pb-198 deduced levels; magnetic dipole bands; magnetic rotation ID SHEARS BANDS; DIPOLE BANDS; PB ISOTOPES; MECHANISM; STATES; NUCLEI; PB-197,PB-198; LIFETIMES; PB-201 AB High-spin states in Pb-197 and Pb-198 were populated in the W-186(O-18, xn) reactions. In-beam gamma -ray coincidences were measured in two experiments using the GAMMASPHERE and the EUROGAM Il spectrometer arrays, respectively. In both nuclei new bands of enhanced magnetic dipole transitions were found and the known cascades were partly reordered and extended to higher spins. In most cases, gamma -ray transitions connecting the magnetic rotational bands to lower-lying states have been identified. Configuration assignments are suggested for the bands. The systematic behavior confirms the shears mechanism. An effective interaction between the main high-spin proton and neutron orbitals is derived. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ York, Dept Phys, York Y01 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. CEA Saclay, SPhN, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Gorgen, A (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013; OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042; KORTEN, Wolfram/0000-0002-3940-0816; Byrne, Aidan/0000-0002-7096-6455; Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941; Wilson, Anna/0000-0001-6928-1689 NR 36 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 683 BP 108 EP 144 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00470-X PG 37 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406EU UT WOS:000167202600005 ER PT J AU Genilloud, L Brown, TB Corminboeuf, F Garrett, PE Hannant, CD Jolie, J Warr, N Yates, SW AF Genilloud, L Brown, TB Corminboeuf, F Garrett, PE Hannant, CD Jolie, J Warr, N Yates, SW TI Characterization of the "three-phonon" region of Ru-100 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Ru-100(n,n 'gamma); measured E gamma; I gamma(theta); DSAM method; deduced lifetime; comparison with interacting boson model ID MIXED-SYMMETRY STATES; NUCLEUS AB Lifetimes of excited states in Ru-100 determined from Doppler-shift attenuation measurements following the Ru-100(n,n'gamma) reaction. Absolute transition rates or limits thereon were extracted for states in the three-phonon region and were compared with an interacting boson model description of this nucleus. Intruder states were identified, and a candidate for the 2(+) mixed-symmetry state is suggested. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Genilloud, L (reprint author), Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 683 BP 287 EP 301 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00515-7 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406EU UT WOS:000167202600014 ER PT J AU Gotsman, E Levin, E Maor, U McLerran, L Tuchin, K AF Gotsman, E Levin, E Maor, U McLerran, L Tuchin, K TI Higher twists and maxima for DIS on nuclei in high density QCD region SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE structure functions; higher twists; gluon saturation; shadowing corrections; evolution equations ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; QUASI-CLASSICAL APPROXIMATION; WILSON RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; DIFFRACTIVE CROSS-SECTION; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; SMALL-X REGION; HIGH-ENERGY; BFKL POMERON; UNITARITY CORRECTIONS; SHADOWING CORRECTIONS AB We shaw that the ratio of different structure functions have a maximum which depends on x(B) and A. We argue that these maxima are proportional to the saturation scale. The analysis of leading and higher twist contributions for different observables is given with the aim of determining the kinematic region where high parton density effects could be seen experimentally. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. Al rights reserved. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, HEP Dept, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Levin, E (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, HEP Dept, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 55 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 683 BP 383 EP 405 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00464-4 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406EU UT WOS:000167202600020 ER PT J AU Bertulani, CA Dolci, D AF Bertulani, CA Dolci, D TI Pair production with electron capture in peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID BOUND-ELECTRON; IONIZATION; ANTIHYDROGEN; CREATION; IMPACT AB The production of electron-positron pairs with the capture of the electron in an atomic orbital is investigated for the conditions of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Dirac wave functions for the leptons are used, taking corrections to orders of Za into account. The dependence on the transverse momentum transfer is studied and the accuracy of the equivalent photon approximation is discussed as a function of the nuclear charge. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21945970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bertulani, CA (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21945970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 683 BP 635 EP 648 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00514-5 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406EU UT WOS:000167202600032 ER PT J AU Bondarenko, S Gotsman, E Levin, E Maor, U AF Bondarenko, S Gotsman, E Levin, E Maor, U TI A pomeron approach to hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus "soft" interaction at high energy SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID LARGE RAPIDITY GAPS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; SURVIVAL PROBABILITY; SMALL-X; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; INCLUSIVE SPECTRA; BFKL POMERON; QCD; COLLISIONS AB We formulate a generalization of the Glauber formalism for hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions based on the pomeron approach to high-energy interaction. Our treatment is based on two physical assumptions (i.e, two small parameters): (i) that only sufficiently small distances contribute to the pomeron structure; and (ii) the triple-pomeron vertex G(3P)/g(PN) much less than 1 (where g(PN) is the pomeron-nucleon vertex) is small. A systematic method is developed for calculating the total, elastic and diffractive dissociation cross sections as well as the survival probability of large rapidity gap processes and inclusive observables, both for hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. Our approach suggests saturation of the density of the produced hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions, the value of the saturation density turns out to be large. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, HEP Dept, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Levin, E (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, HEP Dept, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. NR 93 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 683 BP 649 EP 691 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00456-5 PG 43 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406EU UT WOS:000167202600033 ER PT J AU Breitweg, J Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Pellegrino, A Repond, J Stanek, R Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Rautenberg, J Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Wieber, H Bailey, DS Barret, O Brook, NH Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Jeoung, HY Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Liu, W Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Sampson, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bienlein, JK Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Desler, K Drews, G Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Goebel, F Goers, S Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hebbel, K Hillert, S Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Martens, J Martinez, M Milite, M Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Rohde, M Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Sievers, M Stonjek, S Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Coldewey, C Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Straub, PB Barbagli, G Gallo, E Parenti, A Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Wolfle, S Bussey, PJ Bell, M Doyle, AT Glasman, C Lee, SW Lupi, A Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Carli, T Garfagnini, A Gialas, I Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Goncalo, R Long, KR Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Cloth, P Filges, D Ishii, T Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Ahn, SH Lee, SB Park, SK Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Garcia, G Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG Wing, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, M Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Schagen, S van Sighem, A Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Grosse-Knetter, J Matsushita, T Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Limentani, S Longhin, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Adamczyk, L Iannotti, L Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Saull, PRB Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kohno, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Hayes, ME Heaphy, EA Jones, TW Lane, JB West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Grzelak, G Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Gadaj, T Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Foudas, C Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wildschek, T Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Catterall, C Cole, JE Frisken, WR Hall-Wilton, R Khakzad, M Menary, S AF Breitweg, J Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Musgrave, B Pellegrino, A Repond, J Stanek, R Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Rautenberg, J Schnurbusch, H Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Weber, A Wieber, H Bailey, DS Barret, O Brook, NH Foster, B Heath, GP Heath, HF Rodrigues, E Scott, J Tapper, RJ Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Jeoung, HY Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Caldwell, A Liu, W Liu, X Mellado, B Paganis, S Sampson, S Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Olkiewicz, K Piotrzkowski, K Przybycien, MB Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Szuba, D Kotanski, A Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Bienlein, JK Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Desler, K Drews, G Fox-Murphy, A Fricke, U Goebel, F Goers, S Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hebbel, K Hillert, S Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labes, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Martens, J Martinez, M Milite, M Moritz, M Notz, D Petrucci, MC Polini, A Rohde, M Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Selonke, F Sievers, M Stonjek, S Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Coldewey, C Viani, ALD Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Straub, PB Barbagli, G Gallo, E Parenti, A Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Coppola, N Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Wolfle, S Bussey, PJ Bell, M Doyle, AT Glasman, C Lee, SW Lupi, A Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Carli, T Garfagnini, A Gialas, I Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Goncalo, R Long, KR Miller, DB Tapper, AD Walker, R Cloth, P Filges, D Ishii, T Kuze, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Ahn, SH Lee, SB Park, SK Lim, H Son, D Barreiro, F Garcia, G Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Redondo, I Terron, J Vazquez, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Ochs, A Padhi, S Stairs, DG Wing, M Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Bashkirov, V Danilov, M Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Vlasov, NN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Schagen, S van Sighem, A Tassi, E Tiecke, H Tuning, N Velthuis, JJ Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Boogert, S Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Grosse-Knetter, J Matsushita, T Ruske, O Sutton, MR Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Limentani, S Longhin, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Adamczyk, L Iannotti, L Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Saull, PRB Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Dagan, S Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Kohno, T Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Nishimura, T Arneodo, M Cartiglia, N Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Koop, T Levman, GM Martin, JF Mirea, A Sabetfakhri, A Butterworth, JM Hayes, ME Heaphy, EA Jones, TW Lane, JB West, BJ Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Grzelak, G Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Gadaj, T Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Foudas, C Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wildschek, T Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Catterall, C Cole, JE Frisken, WR Hall-Wilton, R Khakzad, M Menary, S CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Measurement of dijet cross sections for events with a leading neutron in photoproduction at HERA SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID NN FORM-FACTOR; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; CTEQ PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; TRIPLE-REGGEON MODEL; 100 GEV-C; PION EXCHANGE; INCLUSIVE REACTIONS; MONTE-CARLO AB Differential cross sections for dijet photoproduction in association with a leading neutron using the reaction e(+) + p --> e(+) + n + jet + jet + X-r have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 6.4 pb(-1). The fraction of dijet events with a leading neutron in the final state was studied as a function of the jet kinematic variables. The cross sections were measured for jet transverse energies E-T(jet) > 6 GeV, neutron energy E-n > 400 GeV, and neutron production angle theta (n) < 0.8 mrad. The data are broadly consistent with factorization of the lepton and hadron vertices and with a simple one-pion-exchange model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Acad Min & Met, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 1, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 2, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. Univ Piemonte Orientale, I-28100 Novara, Italy. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM b.foster@bristol.ac.uk RI Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; PAGANIS, STATHES/0000-0002-1950-8993; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418 NR 81 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 596 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00612-X PG 27 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 405YG UT WOS:000167187700001 ER PT J AU Diehl, M Feldmann, T Jakob, R Kroll, P AF Diehl, M Feldmann, T Jakob, R Kroll, P TI The overlap representation of skewed quark and gluon distributions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE skewed parton distributions; light-cone quantisation ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; FORWARD PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PION FORM-FACTOR; EVOLUTION-EQUATIONS; PERTURBATIVE QCD; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; NUCLEON SPIN; ELECTROPRODUCTION; FACTORIZATION; MOMENTUM AB Within the framework of light-cone quantisation we derive the complete and exact overlap representation of skewed parton distributions for unpolarised and polarised quarks and gluons. Symmetry properties and phenomenological applications are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Phys E, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. RP Feldmann, T (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Phys E, Sommerfeldstr 28 A, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NR 63 TC 159 Z9 159 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 596 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00684-2 PG 33 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 405YG UT WOS:000167187700002 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Diehl, M Hwang, DS AF Brodsky, SJ Diehl, M Hwang, DS TI Light-cone wavefunction representation of deeply virtual Compton scattering SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID FORWARD PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; GENERALIZED BJORKEN REGION; FORM-FACTORS; AMPLITUDE; QCD; FACTORIZATION; MODELS; ORDER; PION AB We give a complete representation of virtual Compton scattering gamma *p --> gammap at large initial photon virtuality Q(2) and small momentum transfer squared t in terms of the light-cone wavefunctions of the target proton. We verify the identities between the skewed parton distributions H(x, zeta, t) and E(x, zeta, t) which appear in deeply virtual Compton scattering and the corresponding integrands of the Dirac and Pauli form factors F-1(t) and F-2(t) and the gravitational form factors Aq(t) and B-q(t) for each quark and anti-quark constituent. We illustrate the general formalism for the case of deeply virtual Compton scattering on the quantum fluctuations of a fermion in quantum electrodynamics at one loop. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143747, South Korea. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 41 TC 185 Z9 185 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 596 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 124 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00695-7 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 405YG UT WOS:000167187700005 ER PT J AU Hill, CT Ramond, P AF Hill, CT Ramond, P TI Topology in the bulk: gauge field solitons in extra dimensions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID UNIFICATION; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY; BREAKING AB Certain static soliton configurations of gauge fields in 4 +1 dimensions correspond to the instanton in 4 Euclidean dimensions "turned on its side", becoming a monopole in 4 + 1. The periodic instanton solution can be used with the method of images to construct solutions satisfying D-brane boundary conditions. The theta -term on the brane becomes a topological current source, yielding an emission amplitude for monopoles into the bulk. Instantons have a novel reinterpretation in terms of monopole exchange between branes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Inst Fundamental Theory, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hill, CT (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 596 IS 1-2 BP 243 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00579-4 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 405YG UT WOS:000167187700012 ER PT J AU Veil, JA AF Veil, JA TI Interest revives in downhole oil-water separators SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Veil, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 99 IS 9 BP 47 EP + PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 406RM UT WOS:000167229000009 ER PT J AU Goldstein, J Hill, CS Incandela, J Parke, S Rainwater, D Stuart, D AF Goldstein, J Hill, CS Incandela, J Parke, S Rainwater, D Stuart, D TI p(p)over-bar -> t(t)over-bar-H: A discovery mode for the Higgs boson at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; GENERATION; DECAYS; EVENTS; LHC AB The production of a standard model Higgs boson in association with a top quark pair at the upcoming high luminosity run (15 fb(-1) integrated luminosity) of the Fermilab Tevatron (roots = 2.0 TeV) is revisited. For Higgs masses below 140 GeV we demonstrate that the production cross section times branching ratio for H --> b (b) over bar decays yields a significant number of events and that this mode is competitive with and complementary to the searches using p (p) over bar --> WH,ZH associated production. For higher mass Higgs bosons the H --> W+W- decays are more difficult but have the potential to provide a few spectacular events. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Particle Phys Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Goldstein, J (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Particle Phys Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. OI Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1694 EP 1697 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1694 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400008 PM 11290226 ER PT J AU Thompson, R Dytman, S Kim, KY Mueller, J Adams, GS Amaryan, MJ Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Auger, T Audit, G Avakian, H Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertozzi, W Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Briscoe, WJ Brooks, W Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Capitani, G Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cole, PL Coleman, A Connelly, J Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Day, D Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, RA Dennis, LC Deppman, A De Sanctis, E De Vita, R Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Eckhause, M Efremenko, YV Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Farhi, L Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Freyberger, A Funsten, H Gai, M Gavrilov, VB Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, K Gilad, S Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hancock, D Hardie, J Heddle, D Heisenberg, J Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Kane, J Khandaker, M Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kuhn, SE Kuang, Y Laget, JM Lawrence, D Leskin, GA Longhi, A Loukachine, K Lucas, M Magahiz, R Major, RW Manak, JJ Marchand, C Matthews, SK McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Niyazov, RA Ohandjanyan, MS O'Brien, JT Opper, A Patois, Y Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Preedom, BM Price, JW Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Roudot, E Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Salgado, CW Sanzone, M Sapunenko, V Sarty, A Sargsyan, M Schumacher, RA Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Shuvalov, SM Skabelin, A Smith, T Smith, C Smith, ES Sober, DI Spraker, M Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Tung, TY Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Witkowski, M Wolin, E Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhou, Z Zhao, J AF Thompson, R Dytman, S Kim, KY Mueller, J Adams, GS Amaryan, MJ Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Auger, T Audit, G Avakian, H Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertozzi, W Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Briscoe, WJ Brooks, W Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Capitani, G Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cole, PL Coleman, A Connelly, J Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Day, D Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, RA Dennis, LC Deppman, A De Sanctis, E De Vita, R Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Eckhause, M Efremenko, YV Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Farhi, L Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Freyberger, A Funsten, H Gai, M Gavrilov, VB Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, K Gilad, S Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hancock, D Hardie, J Heddle, D Heisenberg, J Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Kane, J Khandaker, M Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kuhn, SE Kuang, Y Laget, JM Lawrence, D Leskin, GA Longhi, A Loukachine, K Lucas, M Magahiz, R Major, RW Manak, JJ Marchand, C Matthews, SK McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Niyazov, RA Ohandjanyan, MS O'Brien, JT Opper, A Patois, Y Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Preedom, BM Price, JW Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Roudot, E Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Salgado, CW Sanzone, M Sapunenko, V Sarty, A Sargsyan, M Schumacher, RA Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Shuvalov, SM Skabelin, A Smith, T Smith, C Smith, ES Sober, DI Spraker, M Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Tung, TY Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Witkowski, M Wolin, E Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhou, Z Zhao, J CA CLAS Collaboration TI The ep -> e'p eta reaction at and above the S-11(1535) baryon resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; PHOTOPRODUCTION; ELECTROPRODUCTION; MESONS; PROTON; REGION AB New cross sections for the reaction ep --> ep eta are reported for total center of mass energy W = 1.5-1.86 GeV and invariant momentum transfer Q(2) = 0.25-1.5 (GeV/c)(2). This large kinematic range allows extraction of important new information about response functions, photocouplings, and etaN coupling strengths of baryon resonances. Newly observed structure at W similar to 1.65 GeV is shown to come from interference between S and P waves and can be interpreted with known resonances. Improved values are derived for the photon coupling amplitude for the S-11(1535) resonance. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Inst Phys Nucl, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. James Madison Univ, Dept Phys, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator, Middleton, MA 01949 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12181 USA. Rice Univ, Bonner Lab, Houston, TX 77251 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Thompson, R (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Deppman, Airton/F-6332-2010; Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Sarty, Adam/G-2948-2014; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015; Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014 OI Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934; Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363 NR 23 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1702 EP 1706 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1702 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400010 PM 11290228 ER PT J AU Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, L Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, E Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hou, S Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jerger, SA Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Meng, XC Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Norman, D Nunnemann, T Oesch, L Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, J Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rha, J Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Thompson, J Toback, D Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, L Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, E Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hou, S Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jerger, SA Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Meng, XC Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Norman, D Nunnemann, T Oesch, L Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, J Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rha, J Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Thompson, J Toback, D Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Inclusive jet production in p(p)over-bar collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ROOT-S=1.8TEV AB We report a new measurement of the pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-energy (Er) dependence of the inclusive jet production cross section in p (p) over bar collisions at roots = 1.8 TeV using 95 pb(-1) of data collected with the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The differential cross section d(2)sigma/(dE(T)d eta) is presented up to \eta\ = 3, significantly extending previous measurements. The results are in good overall agreement with next-to-leading order predictions from QCD and indicate a preference for certain parton distribution functions. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. LAFEX, Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Sci Nucl, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris, France. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abbott, B (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 16 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1707 EP 1712 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1707 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400011 PM 11290229 ER PT J AU Volmer, J Abbott, D Anklin, H Armstrong, C Arrington, J Assamagan, K Avery, S Baker, OK Blok, HP Bochna, C Brash, EJ Breuer, H Chant, N Dunne, J Eden, T Ent, R Gaskell, D Gilman, R Gustafsson, K Hinton, W Huber, GM Jackson, H Jones, MK Keppel, C Kim, PH Kim, W Klein, A Koltenuk, D Liang, M Lolos, GJ Lung, A Mack, DJ McKee, D Meekins, D Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Mueller, B Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Pitz, D Potterveld, D Qin, LM Reinhold, J Shin, IK Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Tang, LG van der Meer, RLJ Vansyoc, K Van Westrum, D Vulcan, W Wood, S Yan, C Zhao, WX Zihlmann, B AF Volmer, J Abbott, D Anklin, H Armstrong, C Arrington, J Assamagan, K Avery, S Baker, OK Blok, HP Bochna, C Brash, EJ Breuer, H Chant, N Dunne, J Eden, T Ent, R Gaskell, D Gilman, R Gustafsson, K Hinton, W Huber, GM Jackson, H Jones, MK Keppel, C Kim, PH Kim, W Klein, A Koltenuk, D Liang, M Lolos, GJ Lung, A Mack, DJ McKee, D Meekins, D Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Mueller, B Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Pitz, D Potterveld, D Qin, LM Reinhold, J Shin, IK Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Tang, LG van der Meer, RLJ Vansyoc, K Van Westrum, D Vulcan, W Wood, S Yan, C Zhao, WX Zihlmann, B CA Jefferson Lab F Pi Collaboration TI Measurement of the charged pion electromagnetic form factor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE REGION; ELECTROPRODUCTION; MOMENTUM; QCD AB Separated longitudinal and transverse structure functions for the reaction H-1(e,e(1)pi (+))n were measured in the momentum transfer region Q(2) = 0.6-1.6 (GeV/c)(2) at a value of the invariant mass W = 1.95 GeV. New values for the pion charge form factor were extracted from the longitudinal cross section by using a recently developed Regge model. The results indicate that the pion form factor in this region is larger than previously assumed and is consistent with a monopole parametrization fitted to very low Q(2) elastic data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33119 USA. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. CEA Saclay, SPhN, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. TJNAF, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Nat Sterrenkunde, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Volmer, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012 OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328 NR 16 TC 222 Z9 225 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1713 EP 1716 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1713 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400012 PM 11290230 ER PT J AU Krasnitz, A Venugopalan, R AF Krasnitz, A Venugopalan, R TI Initial gluon multiplicity in heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; WILSON RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; SMALL-X; MINIJET PRODUCTION; HIGH-ENERGIES; RADIATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; EQUILIBRATION; EQUATION; DENSITY AB The initial gluon multiplicity per unit area per unit rapidity, dN/L-2/d eta, in high energy nuclear collisions, is equal to f(N)(g(2)muL) (g(2)mu)(2)/g(2), With mu (2) proportional to the gluon density per unit area of the colliding nuclei. For an SU(2) gauge theory, we compute f(N)(g(2)muL) = 0.14 +/- 0.01 for a wide range in g(2)muL. Extrapolating to SU(3). we predict dN/L-2/d eta for values of g(2)muL relevant to the Relativistic Heavy ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. We compute the initial gluon transverse momentum distribution, dN/L-2/d(2)k(perpendicular to), and show it to be well behaved at low k(perpendicular to). C1 Univ Algarve, Unidad Ciencias Exactas & Humanas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Krasnitz, A (reprint author), Univ Algarve, Unidad Ciencias Exactas & Humanas, Campus Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal. NR 39 TC 189 Z9 189 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1717 EP 1720 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1717 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400013 PM 11290231 ER PT J AU Mackinnon, AJ Borghesi, M Hatchett, S Key, MH Patel, PK Campbell, H Schiavi, A Snavely, R Wilks, SC Willi, O AF Mackinnon, AJ Borghesi, M Hatchett, S Key, MH Patel, PK Campbell, H Schiavi, A Snavely, R Wilks, SC Willi, O TI Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID TARGETS; BEAMS AB The influence of the plasma density scale length on the production of MeV protons from thin foil targets irradiated at I lambda (2) = 5 x 10(19) Wcm(-2) has been studied. With an unperturbed foil, protons with energy >20 MeV were formed in an exponential energy spectrum with a temperature of 2.5 +/- 0.3 MeV. When a plasma with a scale length of 100 mum was preformed on the back of the foil, the maximum proton energy was reduced to <5 MeV and the beam was essentially destroyed. The experimental results are consistent with an electrostatic accelerating mechanism that requires an ultrashort scale length at the back of the target. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Queens Univ, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. RP Mackinnon, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Schiavi, Angelo/D-2924-2017 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Schiavi, Angelo/0000-0002-7081-2747 NR 18 TC 215 Z9 217 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1769 EP 1772 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1769 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400026 PM 11290244 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB Wei, SH AF Zhang, SB Wei, SH TI Nitrogen solubility and induced defect complexes in epitaxial GaAs : N SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; BAND-GAP ENERGY; SURFACE; GROWTH; GANAS; ALLOYS AB Thermodynamic calculation suggests that the formation of bulk GaN pins N chemical potential muN less than or equal to mu (max)(N), resulting in low equilibrium N solubility [N] in bulk GaAs:N, In epitaxial growth, however, a fully relaxed GaN phase cannot form prior to the spontaneous formation of a N-rich layer on the surface. First-principles total-energy calculations show that in the epitaxial regime one can increase mu (max)(N) considerably from equilibrium mu (max)(N) without triggering the spontaneous formation of such a N-rich layer. This enhances [N] by 8 orders of magnitude to about 4% at T = 650 degreesC in agreement with experiments. The dominant defects at high N concentration are qualitatively different from those at low [N]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhang, SB (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 22 TC 179 Z9 183 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1789 EP 1792 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1789 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400031 PM 11290249 ER PT J AU Ottaviano, L Melechko, AV Santucci, S Plummer, EW AF Ottaviano, L Melechko, AV Santucci, S Plummer, EW TI Direct visualization of defect density waves in 2D SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; EXTRINSIC DEFECTS; SURFACE; SN/GE(111); RECONSTRUCTIONS; PERTURBATION; STM; SN AB A scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of the (1)/(3) of a monolayer cu phase of Sn on Si(lll) reveals a new low temperature phase. which is electronic and not structural. This phase consists of a one-dimensional incommensurate electronic wave that coincides with a periodic modulation of the population of the subtitutional Si defects, i.e., a defect density wave. C1 Univ Aquila, INFM, I-67010 Coppito, Italy. Univ Aquila, Dept Fis, I-67010 Coppito, Italy. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ottaviano, L (reprint author), Univ Aquila, INFM, Via Vetoio 10, I-67010 Coppito, Italy. RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008 NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1809 EP 1812 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1809 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400036 PM 11290254 ER PT J AU Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM AF Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM TI Instanton approach to the langevin motion of a particle in a random potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; THERMAL-EQUILIBRIUM; SPIN-GLASSES; DYNAMICS; RELAXATION; TRANSPORT; BARRIERS; EQUATION; SOLIDS AB We develop an instanton approach to the nonequilibrium dynamics in one-dimensional random environments. The long time behavior is controlled by rare fluctuations of the disorder potential and, accordingly, by the tail of the distribution function for the time a particle needs to propagate along the system (the delay time). The proposed method allows us to find the tail of the delay time distribution function and delay time moments, providing thus an exact description of the long time dynamics. We analyze arbitrary environments covering different types of glassy dynamics: dynamics in a short-range random field, creep, and Sinai's motion. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lopatin, AV (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1817 EP 1820 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1817 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400038 PM 11290256 ER PT J AU Bud'ko, SL Lapertot, G Petrovic, C Cunningham, CE Anderson, N Canfield, PC AF Bud'ko, SL Lapertot, G Petrovic, C Cunningham, CE Anderson, N Canfield, PC TI Boron isotope effect in superconducting MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the preparation method of and boron isotope effect for MgB2, a new binary intermetallic superconductor with a remarkably high superconducting transition temperature T-c(B-10) = 40.2 K. Measurements of both temperature dependent magnetization and specific heat reveal a 1.0 K shift in T-c between (MgB2)-B-11 and (MgB2)-B-10. Whereas such a high transition temperature might imply exotic coupling mechanisms, the boron isotope effect in MgB2 is consistent with the material being a phonon-mediated BCS superconductor. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lapertot, G (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI LAPERTOT, Gerard/B-3354-2008; Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; NR 16 TC 793 Z9 809 U1 5 U2 73 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1877 EP 1880 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1877 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400053 PM 11290271 ER PT J AU Aerts, S Kwiat, P Larsson, JA Zukowski, M AF Aerts, S Kwiat, P Larsson, JA Zukowski, M TI Comment on "Two-photon Franson-type experiment and local realism" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Free Univ Brussels, Fundamenten Exacte Wetenschappen, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Linkoping Univ, Matemat Inst, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Gdansk, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. RP Aerts, S (reprint author), Free Univ Brussels, Fundamenten Exacte Wetenschappen, Triomflaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RI Larsson, Jan-Ake/C-2636-2008 OI Larsson, Jan-Ake/0000-0002-1082-8325 NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1909 EP 1909 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1909 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 405RF UT WOS:000167172400062 ER PT J AU Friedberg, R Lee, TD Zhao, WQ AF Friedberg, R Lee, TD Zhao, WQ TI A new method to derive low-lying N-dimensional quantum wave functions by quadratures along a single trajectory SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION PERTURBATION-THEORY; EXCHANGE ENERGY; INSTANTON AB We present a new method to derive low lying N-dimensional quantum wave functions by quadrature along a single trajectory. The N-dimensional Schroedinger equation is cast into a series of readily integrable first-order ordinary differential equations. Our approach resembles the familiar W.K.B. approximation in one dimension, but is designed to explore the classically forbidden region and has a much wider applicability than W.K.B. The current method also provides a perturbation series expansion and the Green functions of the wave equation in the N-dimension, all by quadratures along a single trajectory. A number of examples are given for illustration, including a simple algorithm to evaluate the Stark effect in closed form to any finite order of the electric field. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. CCAST, World Lab, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken BrookhavenNatl Lab Res Ctr, RBRC, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Friedberg, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD FEB 25 PY 2001 VL 288 IS 1 BP 52 EP 102 DI 10.1006/aphy.2000.6102 PG 51 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 410VR UT WOS:000167462200003 ER PT J AU McCord, TB Orlando, TM Teeter, G Hansen, GB Sieger, MT Petrik, NG Van Keulen, L AF McCord, TB Orlando, TM Teeter, G Hansen, GB Sieger, MT Petrik, NG Van Keulen, L TI Thermal and radiation stability of the hydrated salt minerals epsomite, mirabilite, and natron under Europa environmental conditions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; NANO3 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; 0.65-2.5 MU-M; STIMULATED DESORPTION; GALILEAN SATELLITES; ICY SATELLITES; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRA; ENERGY AB We report studies on the thermal and radiolytic stability of the hydrated salt minerals epsomite (MgSO4. 7H(2)O), mirabilite (Na2SO4. 1OH(2)O), and natron (Na2CO3. 10H(2)O) under the low-temperature and ultrahigh vacuum conditions characteristic of the surface of the Galilean satellite Europa. We prepared samples, ran temperature-programmed dehydration (TPD) profiles and irradiated the samples with electrons. The TPD profiles are fit using Arrhenius-type first-order desorption kinetics, This analysis yields activation energies of 0.90 +/- 0.10, 0.70 +/- 0.07, and 0.45 +/- 0.05 eV for removal of the hydration water for epsomite, natron, and mirabilite, respectively. A simple extrapolation indicates that at Europa surface temperatures (less than or equal to 130 K), epsomite should remain hydrated over geologic timescales (similar to 10(11)-10(14) years), whereas natron and mirabilite may dehydrate appreciably in approximately 10(8) and 10(3) years, respectively. A small amount of SO2 was detected during and after 100 eV electron-beam irradiation of dehydrated epsomite and mirabilite samples, whereas products such as O-2 remained below detection limits. The upper limit for the 100 eV electron-induced damage cross section of mirabilite and epsomite is similar to 10(-19) cm(2). The overall radiolytic stability of these minerals is partially due to (1) the multiply charged nature of the sulfate anion, (2) the low probability of reversing the attractive Madelung (mostly the attractive electrostatic) potential via Auger decay, and (3) solid-state caging effects, Our laboratory results on the thermal and radiolytic stabilities of these salt minerals indicate that hydrated magnesium sulfate and perhaps other salts could exist for geologic timescales on the surface of Europa. C1 Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McCord, TB (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, 2525 Correa Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RI Sieger, Matthew/B-4261-2011; Petrik, Nikolay/G-3267-2015 OI Sieger, Matthew/0000-0001-7387-3660; Petrik, Nikolay/0000-0001-7129-0752 NR 43 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD FEB 25 PY 2001 VL 106 IS E2 BP 3311 EP 3319 DI 10.1029/2000JE001282 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 404TE UT WOS:000167116200006 ER PT J AU Scurlock, J AF Scurlock, J TI Stuck here on Earth, like it or not SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Letter C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Scurlock, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW SCIENTIST PUBL EXPEDITING INC PI ELMONT PA 200 MEACHAM AVE, ELMONT, NY 11003 USA SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD FEB 24 PY 2001 VL 169 IS 2279 BP 54 EP 54 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 405GQ UT WOS:000167152000032 ER PT J AU Hua, QX Dementieva, IS Walsh, MA Hallenga, K Weiss, MA Joachimiak, A AF Hua, QX Dementieva, IS Walsh, MA Hallenga, K Weiss, MA Joachimiak, A TI A thermophilic mini-chaperonin contains a conserved polypeptide-binding surface: Combined crystallographic and NMR studies of the GroEL apical domain with implications for substrate interactions SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Thermus thermophilus; crystal structure; NMR spectroscopy; protein folding; chaperone-substrate binding ID MOLTEN-GLOBULE HYPOTHESIS; REFOLDING CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; SALT BRIDGES; DNA COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; RECOGNITION; INSULIN AB A homologue of the Escherichia coli GroEL apical domain was obtained from thermophilic eubacterium Thermus thermophilus. The domains share 70 % sequence identity (101 out of 145 residues). The thermal stability of the T. thermophilus apical domain (T-m > 100 degreesC as evaluated by circular dichroism) is at least 35 degreesC greater than that of the E. coli apical domain (T-m = 65 degreesC). The crystal structure of a selenomethione-substituted apical domain from T. thermophilus was determined to a resolution of 1.78 Angstrom using multiwavelength-anomalous-diffraction phasing. The structure is similar to that of the E. coli apical domain (root-mean-square deviation 0.45 Angstrom based on main-chain atoms). The thermophilic structure contains seven additional salt bridges of which four contain charge-stabilized hydrogen bonds. Only one of the additional salt bridges would face the "Anfinsen cage" in GroEL. High temperatures were exploited to map sites of interactions between the apical domain and molten globules. NMR footprints of apical domain-protein complexes were obtained at elevated temperature using N-15-H-1 correlation spectra of N-15-labeled apical domain. Footprints employing two polypeptides unrelated in sequence or structure (an insulin monomer and the SRY high-mobility-group box, each partially unfolded at 50 degreesC) are essentially the same and consistent with the peptide-binding surface previously defined in E. coli GroEL and its epical domain-peptide complexes. An additional part of this surface comprising a short N-terminal alpha -helix is observed. The extended footprint rationalizes mutagenesis studies of intact GroEL in which point mutations affecting substrate binding were found outside the "classical" peptide-binding site. Our results demonstrate structural conservation of the apical domain among GroEL homologues and conservation of an extended non-polar surface recognizing diverse polypeptides. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Biochem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hua, QX (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Biochem, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RI Walsh, Martin/I-1566-2013 OI Walsh, Martin/0000-0001-5683-1151 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-61446] NR 75 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 306 IS 3 BP 513 EP 525 DI 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4405 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 407GY UT WOS:000167264900012 PM 11178910 ER PT J AU Durdevich, M Makaruk, HE Owczarek, R AF Durdevich, M Makaruk, HE Owczarek, R TI Generalized noiseless quantum codes utilizing quantum enveloping algebras SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID COMPACT MATRIX PSEUDOGROUPS; ERROR-CORRECTING CODES; DIFFERENTIAL-CALCULUS; PRINCIPAL BUNDLES; GEOMETRY; PHYSICS; SPHERES AB A generalization of the results of Rasetti and Zanardi concerning avoiding errors in quantum computers by using states preserved by evolution is presented. The concept of dynamical symmetry is generalized from the level of classical Lie algebras and groups, to the level of a dynamical symmetry based on quantum Lie algebras and quantum groups (in the sense of Woronowicz). An intrinsic dependence of the concept of dynamical symmetry on the differential calculus (which holds also in the classical case) is stressed. A natural connection between quantum states invariant under a quantum group action, and quantum states preserved by the dynamical evolution, is discussed. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Area Invest Cient, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Durdevich, M (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Area Invest Cient, Circuito Exterior, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1423 EP 1437 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/34/7/314 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 408UL UT WOS:000167346000015 ER PT J AU Panofsky, WKH AF Panofsky, WKH TI Nuclear offense versus defense SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Panofsky, WKH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5508 BP 1447 EP 1447 DI 10.1126/science.1059747 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 405HF UT WOS:000167153400001 PM 11234055 ER PT J AU Sikes, HD Smalley, JF Dudek, SP Cook, AR Newton, MD Chidsey, CED Feldberg, SW AF Sikes, HD Smalley, JF Dudek, SP Cook, AR Newton, MD Chidsey, CED Feldberg, SW TI Rapid electron tunneling through oligophenylenevinylene bridges SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MONOLAYERS; FERROCENE; SOLVENTS; KINETICS; DIODES; MATRIX; GOLD AB We measured rate constants of thermal, interfacial electron transfer through oligophenylenevinylene bridges between a gold electrode and a tethered redox species in contact with an aqueous electrolyte using the indirect laser-induced temperature jump technique. Analysis of the distance dependence indicates that, unlike other bridges studied to date, the rate constants are not limited by electronic coupling for bridges up to 28 angstroms long. The energy Levels of the bridges relative to those of the redox species rule out hopping through the bridge. We conclude that, out to 28 angstroms, the transfer is Limited by structural reorganization and that electron tunneling occurs in less than 20 picoseconds, suggesting that oligophenylenevinylene bridges could be useful for wiring molecular electronic elements. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Smalley, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Cook, Andrew/0000-0001-6633-3447 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [5 T32 GM08412] NR 23 TC 288 Z9 288 U1 6 U2 64 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5508 BP 1519 EP 1523 DI 10.1126/science.1055745 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 405HF UT WOS:000167153400037 PM 11222852 ER PT J AU Di Teodoro, F Farrow, RL AF Di Teodoro, F Farrow, RL TI CO+B (2)Sigma(+)(nu=0) emission induced by laser excitation of neutral CO at 230 nm SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON-IONIZATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; ELECTRON-IMPACT; CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTOIONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB We observed emission from electronically excited CO+ B (2)Sigma (+)(nu = 0) after laser excitation of ground-state CO with a picosecond dye laser. The laser frequency was tuned to the CO two-photon transition X (1)Sigma (+)(nu " = 0)--> -->B (1)Sigma (+)(nu' = 0) at 230 nm, resulting in 2 + 1 resonance-enhanced ionization of CO with production of CO+ X (2)Sigma (+), followed by resonant excitation of the one-photon X (2)Sigma (+)(nu (+)' = 1)-->B (2)Sigma (+)(nu (+) = 0) transition in CO+. We provide direct evidence for this process by detecting CO+ B (2)Sigma (+)(nu (+) = 0)-->X (2)Sigma (+) emission after the laser excitation. An analysis of the pulse-energy and pressure dependence of the CO+ emission is presented to derive collisional quenching rate coefficients for CO+ B (2)Sigma (+). (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Di Teodoro, F (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 8 BP 3421 EP 3428 DI 10.1063/1.1343075 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 402JL UT WOS:000166983800009 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Kusalik, PG Cummings, PT Simonson, JM AF Chialvo, AA Kusalik, PG Cummings, PT Simonson, JM TI Solvation in high-temperature electrolyte solutions. III. Integral equation calculations and interpretation of experimental data SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL MOLAR VOLUMES; INFINITE DILUTION; MOLECULAR THEORY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; WATER; SIMULATION; MODELS; MIXTURES; APPROXIMATION AB The solvation of infinitely dilute aqueous Cl-, Br-, I-, Cs+, K+, M+, and the corresponding salts is analyzed by integral equation calculations along three near critical water isotherms according to the recently proposed molecular-based formalism which connects the solvent environment around individual ionic species with their macroscopic solvation behavior. Special emphasis is placed on the temperature dependence of some solvation-related macroscopic properties that are identified as potential candidates for the development of improved engineering correlations. Formal and integral equation calculations are then used to interpret recent experimental data, and some relevant theoretical implications regarding the modeling of high-temperature aqueous electrolyte solutions are discussed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, High Temp Aqueous Chem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3H 4J3, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, High Temp Aqueous Chem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 45 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 8 BP 3575 EP 3585 DI 10.1063/1.1343875 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 402JL UT WOS:000166983800025 ER PT J AU Eastman, P Gronbech-Jensen, N Doniach, S AF Eastman, P Gronbech-Jensen, N Doniach, S TI Simulation of protein folding by reaction path annealing SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; SRC SH3 DOMAIN; TRANSITION-STATE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; RATE CONSTANTS; TIME-STEP; PEPTIDES; HELIX; HYDRATION AB We present a systematic application of reaction path sampling to computer simulations of the folding of peptides and small proteins at atomic resolution in the presence of solvent. We use a simulated annealing protocol to generate an ensemble of room temperature folding trajectories of fixed length, which connect predetermined initial and final states. The trajectories are distributed according to a discretized version of the Onsager-Machlup action functional. We show that, despite the enormous practical restrictions placed on the number of time slices which can be explored, some of the basic kinetic features found experimentally for the folding of peptides and small proteins are exhibited in the nature of the reaction paths sampled. We test the method on three systems: A 12 residue alpha -helical peptide, a 16 residue beta -hairpin peptide, and the 36 residue avian Pancreatic Polypeptide (aPP). All systems are represented at atomic resolution, and include explicit water molecules. For the 12 residue alpha -helix, we find that (i,i + 3) hydrogen bonds can play a significant role in the folding pathway, with specific (i,i + 3) bonds appearing, then transforming to the corresponding (i,i + 4) hydrogen bond for some, but not all of the native hydrogen bonds. For the beta -hairpin and aPP, hydrophobic interactions play a dominant role, with nonbonded interactions consistently appearing before hydrogen bonds. This is true both at the level of tertiary structure, and at the level of individual hydrogen bonds which tend to form only after stabilizing nonbonded interactions have already formed between the residues involved. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, McCullough Bldg,476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM doniach@drizzle.stanford.edu NR 74 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 8 BP 3823 EP 3841 DI 10.1063/1.1342162 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 402JL UT WOS:000166983800051 ER PT J AU Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB AF Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB TI Comment to the Moudrakovski et al. letter, "Hydrate layers on ice particles and superheated ice: A H-1 NMR microimaging study" SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stern, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-977, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 7 BP 1223 EP 1224 DI 10.1021/jp994130+ PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 404YN UT WOS:000167130400019 ER PT J AU Mullins, DR Zhang, K AF Mullins, DR Zhang, K TI Interaction between NO and C2H4 on rh-loaded CeOx(111) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID REDUCED CERIA SURFACES; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; NITROGEN-OXIDE; CO; ETHYLENE; RHODIUM(111); DISSOCIATION; PHOTOEMISSION; CHEMISORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY AB The interaction between NO and C2H4 was studied on ceria-supported Rh model catalysts (Rh/CeOX)). When the ceria is fully oxidized the primary reaction products observed in TPD are NO, N-2. CO, and H2O. This is similar to what is observed on Rh(lll) except that CO results from the reduction of the CeO2 by the C in the C2H4 On highly reduced ceria the only hydrogen-containing products are H-2 and a small amount of NH3. The O that comes from NO decomposition on Rh migrates to the CeOX before H2O formation occurs. N-2 and CO desorb from Rh/CeOX at a higher temperature than from Rh/CeO2. Soft X-ray photoemission indicates that the NO and C2H4 do not strongly interact to form new intermediates on Rh/CeO2. As the molecules decompose they produce N and C atoms on the surface, which eventually react to form N-2 or CO. The C and N do combine on reduced Rh/CeOX. CN is formed between 400 and 500 K. The CN produces more complex CXNY species at higher temperatures. These complexes decompose near 700 K to produce N-2 and CO. There are no desorption products that contain both C and N. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mullins, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 7 BP 1374 EP 1380 DI 10.1021/jp0038411 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 404YT UT WOS:000167130800014 ER PT J AU Gregg, BA Pichot, F Ferrere, S Fields, CL AF Gregg, BA Pichot, F Ferrere, S Fields, CL TI Interfacial recombination processes in dye-sensitized solar cells and methods to passivate the interfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE FILMS; MODULATED PHOTOCURRENT SPECTROSCOPY; EXTERNALLY APPLIED BIAS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CHARGE RECOMBINATION; TIO2 ELECTRODES; PHOTOELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS; NANOCRYSTALLINE; TRANSPORT; KINETICS AB Conventional dye-sensitized solar cells function efficiently only with a single redox couple, I-/I-2, because of the unusually slow kinetics for I-2 reduction on SnO2 and TiO2 surfaces. When faster redox couples such as ferrocene/ferrocenium are employed, the rapid interfacial recombination of photoinjected electrons with the oxidized half of the redox couple eliminates the photovoltaic effect. To make use of other, perhaps more appropriate, redox couples in these cells, the interfacial recombination processes must be understood and controlled. Charge recombination at the SnO2/solution interface is clearly distinguishable from recombination at the nanoporous TiO2/solution interface. Dark current measurements probe mainly the former reaction, although the latter may be the dominant recombination mechanism under illumination. We introduce two methods for passivating the interfaces that decrease the recombination rates by orders of magnitude. One method involves electropolymerization of an insulating film of poly(phenylene oxide-co-2-allylphenylene oxide) on the solvent-exposed parts of the SnO2 surface. The other involves treating the dye-sensitized film with reactive methyltrichlorosilane vapor that forms an insulating film of poly(methylsiloxane) on both the exposed TiO2 and SnO2 surfaces. These methods make it possible for the first time to use kinetically fast redox couples in dye-sensitized solar cells, and they may facilitate the development of a viable solid-state version of these cells. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ No Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 47 TC 372 Z9 377 U1 4 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 7 BP 1422 EP 1429 DI 10.1021/jp003000u PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 404YT UT WOS:000167130800019 ER PT J AU Kwiat, PG Barraza-Lopez, S Stefanov, A Gisin, N AF Kwiat, PG Barraza-Lopez, S Stefanov, A Gisin, N TI Experimental entanglement distillation and 'hidden' non-locality SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NOISY ENTANGLEMENT; DENSITY-MATRICES; STATES; INEQUALITIES; PURIFICATION; NONLOCALITY AB Entangled states are central to quantum information processing, including quantum teleportation(1), efficient quantum computation(2) and quantum cryptography(3). In general, these applications work best with pure, maximally entangled quantum states. However, owing to dissipation and decoherence, practically available states are likely to be non-maximally entangled, partially mixed (that is, not pure), or both. To counter this problem, various schemes of entanglement distillation, state purification and concentration have been proposed(4-11). Here we demonstrate experimentally the distillation of maximally entangled states from non-maximally entangled inputs. Using partial polarizers, we perform a filtering process to maximize the entanglement of pure polarization-entangled photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion(12,13).(.) We have also applied our methods to initial states that are partially mixed. After filtering, the distilled states demonstrate certain non-local correlations, as evidenced by their violation of a form of Bell's inequality(14,15). Because the initial states do not have this property, they can be said to possess 'hidden' non-locality(6,16). C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Geneva, Appl Phys Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RP Kwiat, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, P-23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Barraza-Lopez, Salvador/E-4059-2010; Stefanov, Andre/H-4301-2014; OI Stefanov, Andre/0000-0002-5588-7986; Barraza-Lopez, Salvador/0000-0002-4301-3317 NR 26 TC 203 Z9 204 U1 1 U2 7 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6823 BP 1014 EP 1017 DI 10.1038/35059017 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 405FT UT WOS:000167148800037 PM 11234004 ER PT J AU Kolb, PF Huovinen, P Heinz, U Heiselberg, H AF Kolb, PF Huovinen, P Heinz, U Heiselberg, H TI Elliptic flow at SPS and RHIC: from kinetic transport to hydrodynamics SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE relativistic heavy-ion collisions; elliptic flow ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE COLLECTIVE FLOW; CENTRAL PB+PB COLLISIONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRA; PARTICLE DISTRIBUTIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; REACTION PLANE; EXPANSION AB Anisotropic transverse flow is studied in Pb + Pb and Au + Au collisions at SPS and RHIC energies, The centrality and transverse momentum dependence at midrapidity of the elliptic flow coefficient nu (2) is calculated in the hydrodynamic and low density limits. Hydrodynamics is found to agree well with the RHIC data for semicentral collisions up to transverse momenta of 1-1.5 GeV/c, but it considerably overestimates the measured elliptic how at SPS energies. The low density limit LDL is inconsistent with the measured magnitude of nu (2) at RHIC energies and with the shape of its p(t)-dependence at both RHIC and SPS energies. The success of the hydrodynamic model points to very rapid thermalization in Au + Au collisions at RHIC and provides a serious challenge for kinetic approaches based on classical scattering of on-shell particles. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 CERN, Div Theoret Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NORDITA, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark. RP Kolb, PF (reprint author), CERN, Div Theoret Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. NR 51 TC 346 Z9 347 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 500 IS 3-4 BP 232 EP 240 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00079-X PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 406CQ UT WOS:000167197700003 ER PT J AU Davydov, R Makris, TM Kofman, V Werst, DE Sligar, SG Hoffman, BM AF Davydov, R Makris, TM Kofman, V Werst, DE Sligar, SG Hoffman, BM TI Hydroxylation of camphor by-reduced oxy-cytochrome P450cam: Mechanistic implications of EPR and ENDOR studies of catalytic intermediates in native and mutant enzymes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NUCLEAR DOUBLE-RESONANCE; LIGAND-FIELD PARAMETERS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND-I; HEME; ACTIVATION; SPIN; CHLOROPEROXIDASE; P-450CAM AB We have employed gamma -irradiation at cryogenic temperatures (77 K and also similar to6 K) of the ternary complexes of camphor, dioxygen, and ferro-cytochrome P450cam to inject the "second" electron of the catalytic process. We have used EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies to characterize the primary product of reduction as well as subsequent states created by annealing reduced oxyP450, both the WT enzyme and the D251N and T252A mutants, at progressively higher temperatures. (i) The primary product upon reduction of oxyP450 4 is the end-on, "H-bonded peroxo" intermediate 5A. (ii) This converts even at cryogenic temperatures to the hydroperoxo-ferriheme species, 5B, in a step that is sensitive to these mutations. Yields of 5B are as high as 40%. (iii) In WT and D251N P450s, brief annealing in a narrow temperature range around 200 K causes 5B to convert to a product state, 7A, in which the product 5-exo-hydroxycamphor is coordinated to the ferriheme in a nonequilibrium configuration. Chemical and EPR quantitations indicate the reaction pathway involving 5B yields 5-exo-hydroxycamphor quantitatively. Analogous (but less extensive) results are seen for the alternate substrate, adamantane. (iv) Although the T252A mutation does net interfere with the formation of 5B, the cryoreduced oxyT252A does not yield product, which suggests that 5B is a key intermediate at or near the branch-point that leads,either to product formation or to nonproductive "uncoupling" and H2O2 production. The D251N mutation appears to perturb multiple stages in the catalytic cycle. (v) There is no spectroscopic evidence for the buildup of a high-valence oxyferryl/porphyrin pi -cation radical intermediate, 6. However, ENDOR spectroscopy of 7A in H2O and D2O buffers shows that 7A contains hydroxycamphor, rather than water, bound to Fe3+, and that the proton removed from the C(5) carbon of substrate during hydroxylation is trapped as the hydroxyl proton. This demonstrates that hydroxylation of substrates by P450cam in fact occurs by the formation and reaction of 6. (vi) Annealing at greater than or equal to 220 K converts the initial product state 7A to the equilibrium product state 7, with the transition occurring via a second nonequilibrium product state, 7B, in the D251N mutant; in states 7B and 7 the hydroxycamphor hydroxyl proton no longer is trapped. (vii) The present results are discussed in the context of other efforts to detect intermediates in the P450 catalytic cycle. C1 Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Dept Biochem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Biophys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sligar, SG (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL13531]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM31756, GM33775] NR 48 TC 338 Z9 342 U1 6 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 7 BP 1403 EP 1415 DI 10.1021/ja003583l PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 403FE UT WOS:000167031300018 PM 11456714 ER PT J AU Nyman, M Tripathi, A Parise, JB Maxwell, RS Harrison, WTA Nenoff, TM AF Nyman, M Tripathi, A Parise, JB Maxwell, RS Harrison, WTA Nenoff, TM TI A new family of octahedral molecular sieves: Sodium Ti/Zr-IV niobates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCHANGE; WASTE; SILICOTITANATES; IMMOBILIZATION; BEARING; METALS; SYNROC C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. RP Nenoff, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 0755,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 7 BP 1529 EP 1530 DI 10.1021/ja005816e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 403FE UT WOS:000167031300044 ER PT J AU Bridle, SL Zehavi, I Dekel, A Lahav, O Hobson, MP Lasenby, AN AF Bridle, SL Zehavi, I Dekel, A Lahav, O Hobson, MP Lasenby, AN TI Cosmological parameters from velocities, cosmic microwave background and supernovae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods : statistical; cosmic microwave background; cosmological parameters; cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; large-scale structure of Universe ID TULLY-FISHER RELATION; POWER SPECTRUM; HUBBLE CONSTANT; SC GALAXIES; ANISOTROPIES; UNIVERSE; RADIATION; SCALE; CONSTRAINTS; OMEGA(0) AB We compare and combine likelihood functions of the cosmological parameters Omega (m), h and sigma (8), from peculiar velocities, cosmic microwave background (CMB) and type la supernovae. These three data sets directly probe the mass in the Universe, without the need to relate the galaxy distribution to the underlying mass via a 'biasing' relation. We include the recent results from the CMB experiments BOOMERANG and MAXIMA-1. Our analysis assumes a flat Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) cosmology with a scale-invariant adiabatic initial power spectrum and baryonic fraction as inferred from big-bang nucleosynthesis. We find that all three data sets agree well, overlapping significantly at the 2 sigma level. This therefore justifies a joint analysis, in which we find a joint best-fitting point and 95 per cent confidence limits of Omega (m) = 0.28 (0.17,0.39), h = 0.74 (0.64,0.86) and sigma (8) = 1.17 (0.98,1.37). In terms of the natural parameter combinations for these data sigma (8)Omega (0.6)(m) = 0.54 (0.40,0.73), Omega (m)h = 0.21 (0.16,0.27). Also for the best-fitting point, Q(rms-ps) = 19.7 muK and the age of the Universe is 13.2 Gyr. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. RP Bridle, SL (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 321 IS 2 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04009.x PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 503PP UT WOS:000172807100015 ER PT J AU Gai, W Schoessow, P AF Gai, W Schoessow, P TI Design and simulation of a high-frequency high-power RF extraction device using a dielectric-loaded waveguide SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE wakefield; linear collider; RF structures ID WAKE-FIELD AB We consider the use of a dielectric-loaded structure to extract RF energy from a high-current electron drive beam as a power source for a high-energy two-beam accelerator. This represents an alternative technique which we show to have some significant advantages over the use of the currently proposed corrugated metal structures as power extraction devices. We discuss a particular design that will extract high-power RF (0.1-1 GW) from a high-current drive beam. RF generation and transport in this class of devices have already been demonstrated at lower frequencies. We discuss the design parameters for 15 and 30 GHz dielectric transfer structures and some possible experiments. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gai, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00981-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300001 ER PT J AU Fryberger, D AF Fryberger, D TI A small particle model as a possible explanation of recently reported cavity lights SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE field emission; cavity lights AB Very unusual light phenomena have been observed inside superconducting niobium cavities under an electrical excitation equivalent to an average acceleration of similar to4 MV/m. Of particular interest is the observation of what appear to be objects executing elliptical orbits. A small particle model that yields a cylindrical harmonic oscillator potential well inside such a cavity is developed and appears to offer considerable promise as an analytical framework in which to understand these observations; the harmonic oscillator potential well has elliptical orbits as general solutions. However, explicit calculations indicate that with the cavity excitation parameters associated with this data, it is highly unlikely that a small object orbiting in such a potential well can be made of any known material. Deficiencies of the model are discussed, and avenues for further study, both theoretical and experimental, are indicated.. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Fryberger, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, MS 20,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00987-6 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300004 ER PT J AU Klein, SR AF Klein, SR TI Localized beampipe heating due to e(-) capture and nuclear excitation in heavy ion colliders SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE ion colliders; beam loss; local heating; beam extraction; electron capture; giant dipole resonance ID COLLISIONS AB At heavy ion colliders, two major sources of beam loss are expected to be e(+)e(-) production, where the e(-) is bound to one of the nuclei, and photonuclear excitation and decay via neutron emission. Both processes alter the ions charged to mass ratio by well-defined amounts, creating beams of particles with altered magnetic rigidity. These beams will deposit their energy in a localized region of the accelerator, causing localized heating. The size of the target region depends on the collider optics. For medium and heavy ions, at design luminosity at the Large Hadron Collider, local heating may be more than an order of magnitude higher than expected. This could cause magnet quenches if the local cooling is inadequate. The altered-rigidity beams will also produce localized radiation damage. The beams could also be extracted and used for fixed target experiments. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Klein, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS-70-319,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00995-5 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300006 ER PT J AU Carpenter, JM Littrell, KC Abernathy, DL Iverson, EB AF Carpenter, JM Littrell, KC Abernathy, DL Iverson, EB TI Electronic time-focusing of pulsed-source neutron chopper data: binning to minimize effects of proton pulse and chopper opening time variations SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE neutron chopper spectrometers; resolution; time focusing; data acquisition systems; control systems AB In pulsed-source chopper spectrometer systems, the energy-defining chopper inevitably drifts in phase with respect to the time at which neutrons emerge from the moderator. Without some means to account for it, such an uncontrolled jitter degrades the resolution. Here we describe a method for eliminating or diminishing the effects of the chopper/source pulse timing uncertainty (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutrol Sourse, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carpenter, JM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutrol Sourse, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 360, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013 OI Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00941-4 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300024 ER PT J AU Heil, M Reifarth, R Fowler, MM Haight, RC Kappeler, F Rundberg, RS Seabury, EH Ullmann, JL Wilhelmy, JB Wisshak, K AF Heil, M Reifarth, R Fowler, MM Haight, RC Kappeler, F Rundberg, RS Seabury, EH Ullmann, JL Wilhelmy, JB Wisshak, K TI A 4 pi BaF2 detector for (n,gamma) cross-section measurements at a spallation neutron source SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE neutron capture cross sections; BaF2 detector arrays; spallation neutron sources ID S-PROCESS; CAPTURE; ISOTOPES; LANSCE AB The quest for improved neutron capture cross-sections for advanced reactor concepts, transmutation of radioactive wastes as well as for astrophysical scenarios of neutron capture nucleosynthesis has motivated new experimental efforts based on modern techniques. Recent measurements in the keV region have shown that a 4 pi BaF2 detector represents an accurate and versatile instrument for such studies. The present work deals with the potential of such a 4 pi BaF2 detector in combination with spallation neutron sources, which offer large neutron fluxes over a wide energy range. Detailed Monte Carlo simulations with the GEANT package have been performed to investigate the critical backgrounds at a spallation facility, to optimize the detector design, and to discuss alternative solutions. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Heil, M (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, POB 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. NR 26 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 246 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00993-1 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300025 ER PT J AU Ajimura, S Chrien, RE Kishimoto, T Kohri, H Matsuoka, K May, M Minami, S Miyake, YS Mori, T Nakano, J Noumi, H Rusek, A Saji, E Sakaguchi, A Shimizu, Y Sumihama, M Tamagawa, T AF Ajimura, S Chrien, RE Kishimoto, T Kohri, H Matsuoka, K May, M Minami, S Miyake, YS Mori, T Nakano, J Noumi, H Rusek, A Saji, E Sakaguchi, A Shimizu, Y Sumihama, M Tamagawa, T TI C-13 active target for hypernuclear experiment SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE enriched isotope target; liquid scintillator; hypernuclei AB We present the design of a C-13 active target used in the (K-,pi (-)) reaction measurement for hypernuclear studies. The active target has been fabricated from enriched C-13 benzene by adding commercially available laser dyes. The performance of the active target has been tested with a 930 MeV/c kaon beam, and used fur the C-13(K-,pi (-)gamma)(Lambda)C-13 reaction measurement to reduce the K- decay in-flight backgrounds. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Sakaguchi, A (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Machikane Yama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00942-6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300035 ER PT J AU Greene, JP Lister, CJ Reiter, P Thomas, GE Unterzuber, KL AF Greene, JP Lister, CJ Reiter, P Thomas, GE Unterzuber, KL TI Preparation of thin plastic conductive foils for use in a position-sensitive micro-channel plate detector system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE film casting; formvar; micro-channel plate; conductive foils AB For the detection of recoiling nuclei at the focal plane of the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer (FMA), a device employing position-sensitive micro-channel plates (MCP) was constructed. Heavy ions, when traversing a thin foil within the detector, produce secondary electrons, which are deflected by an electrostatic mirror onto the micro-channel plates where they are multiplied and counted. This thin foil serves the dual roles of producing these electrons as well as providing an electrode for the electric field. A further constraint placed upon the foil is that it should not interact detrimentally with the heavy-ion beam, and be strong enough to withstand the force produced by the potential gradient of the electric field. Preparation techniques for the thin metallized plastic films needed for this detector system are described and their performance is evaluated. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Greene, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 203,Room H-153, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 334 EP 338 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00943-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300036 ER PT J AU Fernandez, PB Lee, WK Mills, DM Tajiri, G Assoufid, L AF Fernandez, PB Lee, WK Mills, DM Tajiri, G Assoufid, L TI Double-undulator tests of a diamond monochromator at the Advanced Photon Source SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE X-ray monochromator; X-ray optics; high-heat-load optics ID BEAMLINE; CRYSTAL; ESRF AB We have tested the thermal performance of a water-cooled diamond double-crystal monochromator under twice the typical undulator thermal load at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). With two 3.3-cm-period undulators installed in series in the APS sector 1 straight section, the maximum power and normal power density incident on the first crystal were 705 W and 312 W/mm(2), respectively. The maximum power and surface power density absorbed by the cooled diamond were 140 W and 16.7 W/mm(2), respectively. The monochromator performed well under this large power load, demonstrating the viability of using water-cooled diamonds for high-intensity synchrotron radiation beamlines. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, User Program Div, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, WK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, User Program Div, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2001 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 347 EP 353 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01014-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 407ML UT WOS:000167275300038 ER PT J AU Reichardt, TA Schrader, PE Farrow, RL AF Reichardt, TA Schrader, PE Farrow, RL TI Comparison of gas temperatures measured by coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) of O-2 and N-2 SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID Q-BRANCH; OXYGEN CONCENTRATION; NITROGEN; SPECTRA; SCATTERING; PRESSURE; FLAME; THERMOMETRY; N-14(2) AB We investigate the accuracy of temperature measurements by coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) of O-2 and use measurements taken with N-2 CARS and a thermocouple for comparison. Scanning vibrational CARS spectra of O-2 and N-2 were recorded over a broad range of temperatures: between 294 K and 1900 K in air that was heated in a tube furnace and at approximately 2450 K in a fuel-lean CH4-O-2-N-2 flame. Temperatures were derived from least-squares fits of simulated and experimental spectra. Both the fundamental vibrational band and the first hot vibrational band were included in fitting. In the case of the tube furnace, the N-2 and the O-2 CARS temperature measurements agreed to within 3%, and results were similar with the thermocouple; in the flame the agreement was to within 1%. We conclude that, for cases in which O-2 is present in sufficient concentrations (approximate to 10% or greater), the accuracy of O-2 thermometry is comparable with that of N-2. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 120.1740, 300.6230. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Reichardt, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, POB 969,MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tareich@sandia.gov NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 741 EP 747 DI 10.1364/AO.40.000741 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 400ZA UT WOS:000166901500003 PM 18357053 ER PT J AU de Kool, M Arav, N Becker, RH Gregg, MD White, RL Laurent-Muehleisen, SA Price, T Korista, KT AF de Kool, M Arav, N Becker, RH Gregg, MD White, RL Laurent-Muehleisen, SA Price, T Korista, KT TI Keck HIRES observations of the QSO FIRST J104459.6+365605: Evidence for a large-scale outflow SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE quasars : absorption lines; quasars : individual (FIRST J104459.6+365605) ID BROAD ABSORPTION-LINE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; FE-II LINES; ATOMIC DATA; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; IRON-PROJECT; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; ORION NEBULA AB This paper presents an analysis of a Keck HIRES spectrum of the QSO FIRST J104459.6+365605, covering the rest wavelength range from 2260 to 2900 Angstrom. The line of sight toward the QSO contains two clusters of outflowing clouds that give rise to broad blue-shifted absorption lines. The outflow velocities of the clouds range from -200 to -1200 km s(-1) and from -3400 to -5200 km s(-1), respectively. The width of the individual absorption lines ranges from 50 to more than 1000 km s(-1). The most prominent absorption lines are those of Mg II, Mg I, and Fe II, and Mn II is also present. The low-ionization absorption lines occur at the same velocities as the most saturated Mg II lines, showing that the Fe II, Mg I, and Mg II line-forming regions must be closely associated. Many absorption lines from excited states of Fe II are present, allowing a determination of the population of several low-lying energy levels. The populations of the excited levels are found to be considerably smaller than expected for LTE and imply an electron density in the Fe II line-forming regions of n(e) similar to 4 x 10(3) cm(-3). Modeling the ionization state of the absorbing gas with this value of the electron density as a constraint, we find that the distance between the Fe II and Mg I line-forming region and the continuum source is similar to7 x 10(2) pc. From the correspondence in velocity between the Fe II, Mg I, and Mg II lines we infer that the Mg II lines must be formed at the same distance. The Mg II absorption fulfills the criteria for broad absorption lines defined by Weymann and coworkers. Therefore, the distance we find between the Mg II line-forming region and the continuum source is surprising, since BALs are generally thought to be formed in outflows at a much smaller distance from the nucleus. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP de Kool, M (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. NR 38 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 548 IS 2 BP 609 EP 623 DI 10.1086/318996 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 406FU UT WOS:000167204900009 ER PT J AU Gounelle, M Shu, FH Shang, H Glassgold, AE Rehm, KE Lee, T AF Gounelle, M Shu, FH Shang, H Glassgold, AE Rehm, KE Lee, T TI Extinct radioactivities and protosolar cosmic rays: Self-shielding and light elements SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; meteors, meteoroids; solar system : formation; stars : formation ID ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSIONS; EARLY SOLAR-SYSTEM; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; LITHIUM ABUNDANCES; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; ALLENDE METEORITE; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; OXYGEN ISOTOPES AB We study the effects of self-shielding in the X-wind model of protosolar cosmic-ray irradiation of early solar-system rocks. We adopt a two-component picture of protoCAIs consisting of cores with the elemental abundances of type B1 CAIs (calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions) and mantles of less refractory material. The cores have a power-law distribution of sizes between R-min and R-max. The mantles have a uniform thickness, whose value is chosen to bring the total inventory of elements at least as refractory as sulfur to cosmic abundances for the entire population of protoCAIs. Each object is irradiated with a fluence consistent with the product of their residence time in the reconnection ring and the flux of solar cosmic rays obtained by a scaling of impulsive flares from the hard X-rays observed from low-mass protostars. For R-min in the 50 mum regime and R-max in the few centimeter regime, which corresponds to the range of sizes of observed CAIs in micrometeorites and chondrites, we recover approximately the canonical values quoted for the ratios Al-26/Al-27, Mn-53/Mn-55, and Ca-41/Ca-40 in CV3 meteorites. Moreover, the excess La-138 (denoted as La-138*) produced by proton bombardment of Ba-138 lies within the CAI range obtained in the experiments of Shen et al. When we include fragmentation reactions that produce Be-10 from the impact of protons, alphas, and He-3 on the O-16 that is bound up in rocks, we further obtain a level of Be-10/Be-9 that agrees approximately with the report of McKeegan et al. for a CAI from the Allende meteorite. Similar calculations for the expected anomalies in the stable isotopes of lithium show rough consistency with the measured values and further support our interpretation. The value for Be-10/Be-9 is particularly difficult to produce by any other astrophysical mechanism. Thus, the Be-10 discovery greatly strengthens the case for an origin in early solar-system irradiation, rather than external stellar seeding, for the shortest-lived radionuclides inferred from CAIs in chondritic meteorites. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60431 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Gounelle, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lee, Typhoon/N-8347-2013 NR 95 TC 154 Z9 156 U1 2 U2 10 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 548 IS 2 BP 1051 EP 1070 DI 10.1086/319019 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 406FU UT WOS:000167204900044 ER PT J AU Drinkwater, MJ Gregg, MD Colless, M AF Drinkwater, MJ Gregg, MD Colless, M TI Substructure and dynamics of the Fornax Cluster SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE distance scale; galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : clusters : individual (Fornax) ID EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCE SCALE; TELESCOPE KEY PROJECT; DWARF GALAXIES; DISCOVERY; COMA AB We present the first dynamical analysis of a galaxy cluster to include a large fraction of dwarf galaxies. Our sample of 108 Fornax Cluster members measured with the UK Schmidt Telescope FLAIR-II spectrograph contains 55 dwarf galaxies (15.5 > b(j) > 18.0 or -16 > M-B > -13.5). H alpha emission shows that of the dwarfs are star forming, twice the fraction implied by morphological classifications. The total sample has a mean velocity of 1493 +/- 36 kms s(-1) and a velocity dispersion of 374 +/- 26 km s(-1). The dwarf galaxies form a distinct population: their velocity dispersion (429 +/- 41 km s(-1)) is larger than that of the giants () at the 98% confidence level. This suggests that the dwarf population is dominated by infalling objects whereas the giants are virialized. The Fornax system has two components, the main Fornax Cluster centered on NGC 1399 with cz = 1478 km s(-1) and sigma (cz) = 370 km s(-1) and a subcluster centered 3 degrees to the southwest including NGC 1316 with cz = 1583 km s(-1) and sigma (cz) = 377 km s(-1). This partition is preferred over a single cluster at the 99% confidence level. The subcluster, a site of intense star formation, is bound to Fornax and probably infalling toward the cluster core for the first time. We discuss the implications of this substructure for distance estimates of the Fornax Cluster. We determine the cluster mass profile using the method of Diaferio, which does not assume a virialized sample. The mass within a projected radius of 1.4 Mpc is (7 +/- 2) x 10(13) M-., and the mass-to-light ratio is 300 +/- 100 M-./L-.. The mass is consistent with values derived from the projected mass virial estimator and X-ray measurements at smaller radii. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston Creek, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Drinkwater, MJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Colless, Matthew/0000-0001-9552-8075 NR 25 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 548 IS 2 BP L139 EP L142 DI 10.1086/319113 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 406HD UT WOS:000167208100008 ER PT J AU Odenkirchen, M Grebel, EK Rockosi, CM Dehnen, W Ibata, R Rix, HW Stolte, A Wolf, C Anderson, JE Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Hennessy, G Hindsley, RB Ivezic, Z Lupton, RH Munn, JA Pier, JR Stoughton, C York, DG AF Odenkirchen, M Grebel, EK Rockosi, CM Dehnen, W Ibata, R Rix, HW Stolte, A Wolf, C Anderson, JE Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Csabai, I Hennessy, G Hindsley, RB Ivezic, Z Lupton, RH Munn, JA Pier, JR Stoughton, C York, DG TI Detection of massive tidal tails around the globular cluster palomar 5 with Sloan digital sky survey commissioning data SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxy : halo; galaxy : kinematics and dynamics; galaxy : structure globular; clusters : individual (Palomar 5) ID MILKY-WAY; SYSTEM; STARS AB We report the discovery of two well-defined tidal tails emerging from the sparse remote globular cluster Palomar 5. These tails stretch out symmetrically to both sides of the cluster in the direction of constant Galactic latitude and subtend an angle of 2.6 degrees on the sky. The tails have been detected in commissioning data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, providing deep five-color photometry in a 2.5 degrees -wide band along the equator. The stars in the tails make up a substantial part (similar to 1/3) of the current total population of cluster stars in the magnitude interval 19.5 less than or equal to i* less than or equal to 22.0. This reveals that the cluster is subject to heavy mass loss. The orientation of the tails provides an important key for the determination of the cluster's Galactic orbit. C1 Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bloomberg Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. RP Odenkirchen, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; /0000-0002-1891-3794 NR 23 TC 230 Z9 230 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 548 IS 2 BP L165 EP L169 DI 10.1086/319095 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 406HD UT WOS:000167208100013 ER PT J AU Gill, HS Eisenberg, D AF Gill, HS Eisenberg, D TI The crystal structure of phosphinothricin in the active site of glutamine synthetase illuminates the mechanism of enzymatic inhibition SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-SUBSTITUTED PHOSPHINOTHRICINS; L-METHIONINE SULFOXIMINE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BINDING; ATP; INACTIVATION; TRANSITION; RESOLUTION; MODEL AB Phosphinothricin is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS). The resolution of the native structure of GS from Salmonella typhimurium has been extended to 2.5 Angstrom resolution, and the improved model is used to determine the structure of phosphinothricin complexed to GS by difference Fourier methods. The structure suggests a noncovalent, dead-end mechanism of inhibition. Phosphinothricin occupies the glutamate substrate pocket and stabilizes the Glu327 flap in a position which blocks the glutamate entrance to the active site, trapping the inhibitor on the enzyme. One oxygen of the phosphinyl group of phosphinothricin appears to be protonated, because of its proximity to the carboxylate group of Glu327. The other phosphinyl oxygen protrudes into the negatively charged binding pocket for the substrate ammonium, disrupting that pocket. The distribution of charges in the glutamate binding pocket is complementary to those of phosphinothricin. The presence of a second ammonium binding site within the active site is confirmed by its analogue thallous ion, marking the ammonium site and its protein ligands. The inhibition of GS by methionine sulfoximine can be explained by the same mechanism. These models of inhibited GS further illuminate its catalytic mechanism. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Dept Biol Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Dept Chem & Biochem, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-31299] NR 57 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1903 EP 1912 DI 10.1021/bi002438h PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 404TR UT WOS:000167117600005 PM 11329256 ER PT J AU Mou, TC Gray, CW Terwilliger, TC Gray, DM AF Mou, TC Gray, CW Terwilliger, TC Gray, DM TI Ff gene 5 protein has a high binding affinity for single-stranded phosphorothioate DNA SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTROSCOPY; NEAREST-NEIGHBOR PROPERTIES; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; NUCLEIC-ACID OLIGOMERS; V PROTEIN; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BACTERIOPHAGE M13; RNA; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES AB The gene 5 protein (g5p) of Ff bacteriophages is a well-studied model ssDNA-binding protein that binds cooperatively to the Ff ssDNA genome and single-stranded polynucleotides. Its affinity, K omega, (the intrinsic binding constant times a cooperativity factor), can differ by several orders of magnitude for ssDNAs of different nearest-neighbor base compositions [Mou, T. C., Gray, C. W., and Gray, D. M. (1999) Biophys. J. 76, 1537-1551]. We found that the DNA backbone can also dramatically affect the binding affinity. The Kw for binding phosphorothioate-modified S-d(A)(36) was >300-fold higher than for binding unmodified P-d(A)(36) at 0.2 M NaCl. CD titrations showed that g5p bound phosphorothioate-modified oligomers with the same stoichiometry as unmodified oligomers. The CD spectrum of S-d(A)(36) underwent the same qualitative change upon protein binding as did the spectrum of unmodified DNA, and the phosphorothioate-modified DNA appeared to bind in the normal g5p binding site. Oligomers of d(A)(36) With different proportions of phosphorothioate nucleotides had binding affinities and CD perturbations intermediate to those of the fully modified and unmodified sequences. The influence of phosphorothioation on binding affinity was nearly proportional to the extent of the modification, with a small nearest-neighbor dependence. These and other results using d(ACC)(12) oligomers and mutant proteins indicated that the increased binding affinity of g5p for phosphorothioate DNA was not a polyelectrolyte effect and probably was not an effect due to the altered nucleic acid structure, but was more likely a general effect of the properties of the sulfur in the context of the phosphorothioate group. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gray, DM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Box 830688, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 FU PHS HHS [R01 38714] NR 54 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 7 BP 2267 EP 2275 DI 10.1021/bi002136f PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 404TR UT WOS:000167117600045 PM 11329296 ER PT J AU Silverstein, E AF Silverstein, E TI Gauge fields, scalars, warped geometry, and strings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Superstrings Conference (STRINGS 2000) CY JUL 10-15, 2000 CL ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN ID VACUA; COMPACTIFICATION; CONDENSATION; DIMENSIONS; CONIFOLDS; DYNAMICS AB We review results on several interesting phenomena in warped compactifications of M theory, as presented at Strings 2000. The behavior of gauge fields in dimensional reduction from d + 1 to d dimensions in various backgrounds is explained from the point of view of the holographic duals (and a point raised in the question session at the conference is addressed). We summarize the role of additional fields (in particular scalar fields) in 5d warped geometries in making it possible for Poincare-invariant domain wall solutions to exist to a nontrivial order in a controlled approximation scheme without fine-tuning of parameters in the 5d action (and comment on the status of the singularities arising in the general relativistic description of these solutions). Finally, we discuss briefly the emergence of excitations of wrapped branes in warped geometries whose effective thickness, as measured dong the Poincare slices in the geometry, grows as the energy increases. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Silverstein, E (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 16 IS 5 BP 641 EP 649 DI 10.1142/S0217751X01003765 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 410PN UT WOS:000167448500002 ER PT J AU Chang, SC Shrock, R AF Chang, SC Shrock, R TI Exact partition function for the Potts model with next-nearest neighbor couplings on arbitrary-length ladders SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE ENTROPY; CHROMATIC POLYNOMIALS; ASYMPTOTIC LIMITS; STRIP GRAPHS; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; FAMILIES; LATTICE AB We present exact calculations of partition function Z of the q-state Potts model with next-nearest-neighbor spin -spin couplings, both for the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic case, for arbitrary temperature, on n-vertex ladders with free, cyclic, and Mobius longitudinal boundary conditions. The free energy is calculated exactly for the infinite-length limit of these strip graphs and the thermodynamics is discussed. Considering the full generalization to arbitrary complex q and temperature, we determine the singular locus a in the corresponding C-2 space, arising as the accumulation set of partition function zeros as n --> infinity. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 443 EP 478 DI 10.1142/S0217979201004630 PG 36 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 424DE UT WOS:000168216200002 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Jirsak, T Chaturvedi, S Dvorak, J AF Rodriguez, JA Jirsak, T Chaturvedi, S Dvorak, J TI Chemistry of SO2 and NO2 on ZnO(0001)-Zn and ZnO powders: changes in reactivity with surface structure and composition SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd San Luis Conference on Surface Science and Catalysis CY APR 03-06, 2000 CL MAR DEL PLATA, ARGENTINA DE sulfur dioxide; DeSO(x); nitrogen dioxide; DeNO(x); zinc oxide; environmental catalysis; photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray absorption spectroscopy ID TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS; CS/ZNO SURFACES; CU FILMS; PHOTOEMISSION; ADSORPTION; CHEMISORPTION AB Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) have been used to study the interaction of SO2 and NO2 with ZnO(0 0 0 1)-Zn and polycrystalline surfaces of zinc oxide (films and powders). Important differences are observed when comparing the chemical behavior of the adsorbates on these oxide surfaces. These differences are in part a consequence of changes in structural properties (flat versus rough surfaces), but in some cases they clearly originate in variations in surface composition (zinc tt adsorbate versus oxygen tt adsorbate interactions). For example, the Zn-terminated (0 0 0 1) crystal face of ZnO is much less reactive towards SO2 than polycrystalline ZnO. On ZnO(0 0 0 1)-Zn and polycrystalline ZnO, the Zn <-> SO2 bonding interactions are weak. Adsorption of SO2 on Zn sites was seen only at temperatures below 200 K. In contrast, the SO2 molecules react readily with O sites of Ar+ sputtered ZnO(0 0 0 1)-Zn or polycrystalline ZnO forming very stable SO3 species. Due to its radical nature, adsorbed NO2 is more chemically active than SO2. After dosing nitrogen dioxide to ZnO(0 0 0 1)-Zn at 100 K, chemisorbed NO2 and NO3 coexists on the surface. A partial NO2. ads --> NO3, ads transformation is observed from 150 to 300 K. The data for the NO2/ZnO(0 0 0 1)-Zn system clearly prove that large quantities of NO3 can be formed on metal sites of an oxide surface as a consequence of partial decomposition or disproportionation of NO2. The routes for the formation of SO3 and NO3 on ZnO can be different, but these species have in common a high stability and decompose at temperatures well above 500 K. Thus, ZnO powders can be useful as sorbents in DeSO(x) and DeNO(x) operations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Chaturvedi, Subhash/F-3260-2011 NR 53 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 167 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 57 DI 10.1016/S1381-1169(00)00489-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 404DW UT WOS:000167083000006 ER PT J AU Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Wu, J Beeman, JW Ager, JW Haller, EE Shan, W Xin, HP Tu, CW AF Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Wu, J Beeman, JW Ager, JW Haller, EE Shan, W Xin, HP Tu, CW TI Synthesis of InNxP1-x thin films by N ion implantation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP ENERGY; SOLAR-CELLS; GAINNAS; NITROGEN; ALLOYS; GANAS; GAAS AB Dilute InNxP1-x alloy thin films were synthesized by nitrogen ion implantation into InP using doses corresponding to N mole fraction up to 0.048. In the films with the highest N contents, it was shown using modulated photoreflectance that the fundamental band gap energy was decreased by up to 180 meV. The band gap reduction is similar in magnitude to that observed in epitaxially grown III-NxV1-x alloys. The InNxP1-x layers were thermally stable up to an annealing temperature of 850 degreesC. Using the recently developed band anticrossing model which relates the band gap reduction to the N content, we estimate that the maximum mole fraction of N achieved in the InNxP1-x alloys is larger than that reported previously for film grown by chemical vapor deposition and exceeds 0.01. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OptiWork Inc, Fremont, CA 94538 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kmyu@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 21 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1077 EP 1079 DI 10.1063/1.1350963 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 402JJ UT WOS:000166983500019 ER PT J AU Ahrenkiel, RK Johnston, SW Webb, JD Gedvilas, LM Carapella, JJ Wanlass, MW AF Ahrenkiel, RK Johnston, SW Webb, JD Gedvilas, LM Carapella, JJ Wanlass, MW TI Recombination lifetimes in undoped, low-band gap InAsyP1-y/InxGa1-xAs double heterostructures grown on InP substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB High-quality, thin-film, lattice-matched (LM) InAsyP1-y/InxGa1-xAs double heterostructures (DHs) have been grown lattice mismatched on InP substrates using atmospheric-pressure metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. The low-band gap InxGa1-xAs layers in the DHs have room-temperature band gaps that range from 0.47 to 0.6 eV. Both the optical and electronic properties of these films have been extensively measured. The band-to-band photoluminescence is quite strong and comparable to that found for LM InP/In0.53Ga0.47As DHs grown on InP. Recombination lifetime measurements of undoped DH structures show minority-carrier lifetimes in excess of 1 mus in most cases. The earlier properties make the band gap-flexible InAsyP1-y/InxGa1-xAs DH system attractive for applications in high-performance, infrared-sensitive devices. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ahrenkiel, RK (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1092 EP 1094 DI 10.1063/1.1350432 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 402JJ UT WOS:000166983500024 ER PT J AU Yu, PY AF Yu, PY TI Comment on "Optical and acoustic phonon modes in self-organized Ge quantum dot superlattices" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 586 (2000)] SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1160 EP 1161 DI 10.1063/1.1350589 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 402JJ UT WOS:000166983500047 ER PT J AU Dul, JL Davis, DP Williamson, EK Stevens, FJ Argon, Y AF Dul, JL Davis, DP Williamson, EK Stevens, FJ Argon, Y TI Hsp70 and antifibrillogenic peptides promote degradation and inhibit intracellular aggregation of amyloidogenic light chains SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amyloidosis; BiP; fibril assembly; immunoglobulin; proteasome ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; BINDING-PROTEIN; RAPID DEGRADATION; FIBRIL FORMATION; VARIABLE DOMAIN; QUALITY-CONTROL; CHAPERONE BIP; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; CELL; ASSOCIATION AB In light chain (LC) amyloidosis an immunoglobulin LC assembles into fibrils that are deposited in various tissues. Little is known about how these fibrils form in vivo. We previously showed that a known amyloidogenic LC, SMA, can give rise to amyloid fibrils in vitro when a segment of one of its beta sheets undergoes a conformational change, exposing an Hsp70 binding site. To examine SMA aggregation in vivo, we expressed it and its wild-type counterpart, LEN, in COS cells. While LEN is rapidly oxidized and subsequently secreted, newly synthesized SMA remains in the reduced state. Most SMA molecules are dislocated out of the ER into the cytosol, where they are ubiquitinylated and degraded by proteasomes. A parallel pathway for molecules that are not degraded is condensation into perinuclear aggresomes that are surrounded by vimentin-containing intermediate filaments and are dependent upon intact microtubules. Inhibition of proteasome activity shifts the balance toward aggresome formation. Intracellular aggregation is decreased and targeting to proteasomes improved by overexpression of the cytosolic chaperone Hsp70. Importantly transduction into the cell of an Hsp70 target peptide, derived from the LC sequence, also reduces aggresome formation and increases SMA degradation. These results demonstrate that an amyloidogenic LC can aggregate intracellularly despite the common presentation of extracellular aggregates, and that a similar molecular surface mediates both in vitro fibril formation and in vivo aggregation. Furthermore, rationally designed peptides can be used to suppress this aggregation and may provide a feasible therapeutic approach. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Comm Immunol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argon, Y (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Pathol, 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC 1089, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-18001, R01 AG018001]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI030178, AI-30178] NR 42 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 6 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 152 IS 4 BP 705 EP 715 DI 10.1083/jcb.152.4.705 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 404RQ UT WOS:000167114800007 PM 11266462 ER PT J AU Bitterwolf, TE Linehan, JC Shade, JE AF Bitterwolf, TE Linehan, JC Shade, JE TI Solution and Nujol matrix photochemistry of (eta(5)-C5H5)(2)Os-2(CO)(4) and Nujol matrix photochemistry of (eta(5)-C5H4CH3)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4) and (eta(5)-C5H5)M(CO)(2)H, where M = Ru and Os SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID FROZEN GAS MATRICES; METAL-METAL BONDS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; COMPLEXES; SUBSTITUTION; PHOTOLYSIS; IRON; CARBONYLS; FORM; 12-K AB Lowering the temperature of a Nujol solution of (eta (5)-C5H4CH3)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4) containing bands of the trans- and cis-bridging and trans-nonbridging isomers from room temperature to ca. 90 K results in complete disappearance of the bands of the trans-terminal isomer. The photochemistry of (eta (5)-C5H4CH3)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4) in frozen Nujol at 90 K differs subtly from that of (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4) in inert gas matrixes at 12 K in that the trans-bridging isomer is found to undergo photolysis at high energy (lambda (irr) > 250 nm) to yield both the triply bridged carbonyl-loss species, (eta (5)-C5H4CH3)(2)Ru-2(mu -CO)(3), and the cis-bridged species isomer. There is no evidence for formation of the trans-nonbridged isomer upon photolysis as observed for (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4) The solution photochemistry of (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)Os-2(CO)(4) is shown to closely parallel that of (eta (C5H5)-C-5)(2)Ru-2(CO)(4). Photolysis of (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)OS2(CO)(4) in CBCl3 yields (eta (5)-C5H5)Os(CO)(2)Cl, while photolysis in benzene yields hydride products believed to arise from metal-to-ring coupling of radicals. Photolysis of (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)Os-2(CO)(4), which exists only in a nonbridged form, in frozen Nujol (90 K) results in CO loss; and formation of (eta (5)-C5H5)(2)Os-2(mu -CO)(3) as the only photoproduct. Photolysis of (eta (5)-C5H5)M(CO)(2)H, where M = Ru or Os, in frozen Nujol yields (eta (5)-C5H5)M(CO)H and a second product that;appears to be either (ys; C5H6)M(CO)(2) or the (eta (5)-C5H5)M(CO)(2) radical. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Bitterwolf, TE (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 4 BP 775 EP 781 DI 10.1021/om000845j PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 405AL UT WOS:000167135000028 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Daya, ZA Vorobieff, P Ecke, RE AF Ben-Naim, E Daya, ZA Vorobieff, P Ecke, RE TI Knots and random walks in vibrated granular chains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERS; DNA AB We study experimentally statistical properties of the opening times of knots in vertically vibrated granular chains. Our measurements are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with a theoretical model involving three random walks interacting via hard-core exclusion in one spatial dimension. In particular, the knot survival probability follows a universal scaling function which is independent of the chain length, with a corresponding diffusive characteristic time scale. Both the large-exit-time and the small-exit-time tails of the distribution are suppressed exponentially, and the corresponding decay coefficients ore in excellent agreement with theoretical values. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Vorobieff, Peter/B-3376-2011; OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; Vorobieff, Peter/0000-0003-0631-7263; Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 14 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1414 EP 1417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1414 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000005 PM 11290156 ER PT J AU Kusenko, A Postma, M AF Kusenko, A Postma, M TI Neutrinos produced by ultrahigh-energy photons at high redshift SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ZATSEPIN-KUZMIN CUTOFF; SUPERHEAVY DARK-MATTER; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; COSMIC-RAYS; TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS; GAMMA-RAY; ASTROPHYSICAL SOURCES; PAIR PRODUCTION; SPECTRUM; PARTICLES AB Some of the proposed explanations for the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays invoke new sources of energetic photons (e.g., topological defects, relic particles, etc.). At high redshift, when the cosmic microwave background has a higher temperature hut the radio background is low, the ultrahigh-energy photons can generate neutrinos through pair production of muons and pions. The resulting diffuse background of 10(17) eV neutrinos can be detected by future experiments. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1430 EP 1433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1430 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000009 PM 11290160 ER PT J AU Feldman, HA Frieman, JA Fry, JN Scoccimarro, R AF Feldman, HA Frieman, JA Fry, JN Scoccimarro, R TI Constraints on galaxy bias, matter density, and primordial non-Gaussianity from the PSCz galaxy redshift survey SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE BIAS; POWER-SPECTRUM; BISPECTRUM; DISTORTIONS; SPACE; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE; CATALOG; OMEGA AB We compute the bispectrum fur the IRAS PSCz catalog and find that the galaxy distribution displays the characteristic signature of gravity. Assuming Gaussian initial conditions, we obtain galaxy biasing parameters 1/b(1) = 1.20(-0.19)(+0.18) and b(2)/b(1)(2) = -0.42 +/- 0.19, with no sign of scale-dependent bias for k less than or equal to 0.3h Mpc(-1). These results impose stringent constraints on non-Gaussian initial conditions. For dimensional scaling models with chi (2)(N) statistics, we find N > 49, which implies a constraint on primordial skewness B-3 < 0.35. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM feldman@ukans.edu; frieman@fnal.gov; fry@phys.ufl.edu; scoccima@ias.edu NR 33 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1434 EP 1437 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1434 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000010 PM 11290161 ER PT J AU Rudolph, D Baktash, C Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH AF Rudolph, D Baktash, C Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH TI Prompt alpha decay of a well-deformed band in Ni-58 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Two excited well-deformed bands have been observed in the semi-magic nucleus Ni-58. One of the bands was observed to partially decay by emission of a prompt discrete alpha particle that feeds the 2949 keV 6(+) spherical yrast state in the daughter nucleus Fe-54. This constitutes the first observation of prompt alpha emission from states lying in the deformed secondary minimum of the nuclear potential. gamma -ray linking transitions via several parallel paths establish the spin. parity, and excitation energy of this deformed band in Ni-58. C1 Univ Lund, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Rudolph, D (reprint author), Univ Lund, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1450 EP 1453 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1450 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000014 PM 11290165 ER PT J AU Ball, GC Bishop, S Behr, JA Boisvert, GC Bricault, P Cerny, J D'Auria, JM Dombsky, M Hardy, JC Iacob, V Leslie, JR Lindner, T Macdonald, JA Mak, HB Moltz, NM Powell, J Savard, G Towner, IS AF Ball, GC Bishop, S Behr, JA Boisvert, GC Bricault, P Cerny, J D'Auria, JM Dombsky, M Hardy, JC Iacob, V Leslie, JR Lindner, T Macdonald, JA Mak, HB Moltz, NM Powell, J Savard, G Towner, IS TI Precise half-life measurement for the superallowed 0(+) -> 0(+) beta emitter Rb-74: First results from the new radioactive beam facility (ISAC) at TRIUMF SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DECAY; LIVES AB Presently, the world data fur superallowed beta decay leads to a result in disagreement (at the 98% confidence level) with the predictions of the minimal standard model fur the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kubayashi-Maskawa matrix. Precise data for the superallowed 0(+) --> 0(+) beta decay of Rb-74 would provide a critical test of the: nucleus-dependent isospin symmetry-breaking corrections that must be calculated for these: superallowed Fermi beta decays. The present work reports the first precise measurement of the half-life for Rb-74 (t(1/2) = 64.761 +/- 0.031 ms). The data were obtained at the radioactive beam facility (ISAC) at TRIUMF using a beam of similar to 4000 Rb-74 ions s(-1). C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Cyclotron Inst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ball, GC (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. NR 15 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1454 EP 1457 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1454 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000015 PM 11290166 ER PT J AU Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhover, I AF Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhover, I TI Rotational bands in the proton emitter Ho-141 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEFORMED-NUCLEI; SPECTROSCOPY; DECAY AB Rotational bands feeding the ground state and the isomeric state in the proton emitter Ho-141 were observed using the recoil-decay tagging method. This constitutes direct evidence that Ho-141 is deformed. A quadrupole deformation of beta (2) = 0.25(4) was deduced for the ground state from the extracted dynamic moment of inertia. Based on observed band crossings and signature splittings the 7/2(-)[523] and 1/2(+)[411] configurations were proposed for the ground state and the isomeric state, respectively. Comparison with particle-rotor calculations for beta (2) = 0.25 indicates, however, that Ho-141 may have significant hexadecapole deformation and could be triaxial in the 7/2(-)[523] ground state. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Seweryniak, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 16 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1458 EP 1461 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1458 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000016 PM 11290167 ER PT J AU Melnikov, K Yelkhovsky, A AF Melnikov, K Yelkhovsky, A TI O (alpha(3) ln alpha) corrections to muonium and positronium hyperfine splitting SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID M-ALPHA(6); STATE AB We compute O(alpha (3) ln alpha) relative corrections to the ground-state hyperfine splitting of a QED two-body bound state with different masses of constituents. The general result is then applied to muonium and positronium. In particular, a new value of the muon-to-electron mass ratio is derived from the muonium ground-state hyperfine splitting. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Melnikov, K (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 14 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1498 EP 1501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1498 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000026 PM 11290177 ER PT J AU DiMasi, E Tostmann, H Shpyrko, OG Huber, P Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Deutsch, M Berman, LE AF DiMasi, E Tostmann, H Shpyrko, OG Huber, P Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Deutsch, M Berman, LE TI Pairing interactions and Gibbs adsorption at the liquid Bi-In surface: A resonant x-ray reflectivity study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY WAVES; VAPOR INTERFACE; ALLOY; SEGREGATION; INDIUM; METAL AB Resonant x-ray reflectivity measurements from the surface of liquid Bi22In78 find only a modest surface Bi enhancement, with 35 at.% Bi in the first atomic layer. This is in contrast to the Gibbs adsorption in all liquid alloys studied to date, which show surface segregation of a complete monolayer of the low surface tension component. This suggests that surface adsorption in Bi-In is dominated by attractive interactions that increase the number of Bi-In neighbors at the surface. These are the first measurements in which resonant x-ray scattering has been used to quantify compositional changes induced at a liquid alloy surface. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP DiMasi, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Huber, Patrick/B-7690-2008; Shpyrko, Oleg/J-3970-2012 OI Huber, Patrick/0000-0002-2126-9100; NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1538 EP 1541 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1538 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000036 PM 11290187 ER PT J AU Yan, YF Pennycook, SJ AF Yan, YF Pennycook, SJ TI Chemical ordering in Al72Ni20Co8 decagonal quasicrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CRYSTALS; MODEL; AL65CU20CO15 AB First-principles total energy calculations of the 2-nm clusters seen in high-perfection Al72Ni20Co8 decagonal quasicrystals demonstrate that chemical ordering between Al and transition metals in the central ring is energetically highly favorable. The chemical ordering introduces extensive structure relaxation and results in broken decagonal symmetry. Such broken symmetry is sufficient to enforce the perfect quasiperiodic tiling. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yan, YF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 18 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1542 EP 1545 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1542 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000037 PM 11290188 ER PT J AU Wei, X Miranda, PB Shen, YR AF Wei, X Miranda, PB Shen, YR TI Surface vibrational spectroscopic study of surface melting of ice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; FORCE MICROSCOPY; WATER INTERFACE; CRYSTAL; LAYER; IH AB Surface melting on the (0001) face of hexagonal ice (I(h)) was Studied by sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy in the OH stretch frequency range. The degree of orientational order of the dangling OH bonds at the surface was measured as a function of temperature. Disordering sets in around 200 K and increases dramatically with temperature. The results show that the disordered (quasiliquid) layer on ice is structurally different from normal liquid water. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wei, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Miranda, Paulo/C-5933-2012 OI Miranda, Paulo/0000-0002-2890-0268 NR 28 TC 152 Z9 153 U1 5 U2 41 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1554 EP 1557 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1554 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000040 PM 11290191 ER PT J AU Harrison, N Mielke, CH Christianson, AD Brooks, JS Tokumoto, M AF Harrison, N Mielke, CH Christianson, AD Brooks, JS Tokumoto, M TI Field-induced dynamic diamagnetism in a charge-density-wave system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM HALL REGIME; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PHASE-DIAGRAM; ALPHA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)TLHG(SCN)(4); ALPHA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)KHG(SCN)(4); STATES AB ac susceptibility measurements of the charge-density-wave: (CDW) compound alpha-(BEDT-TTF)(2)-KHg(SCN)(4) at magnetic fields, mu H-0 > 23 T, above its Pauli paramagnetic limit, reveal unambiguously that the magnetic hysteresis observed previously within this CDW phase is diamagnetic and can only be explained by induced currents. It is argued that the ensemble of experimental techniques amounts to a strong case for dissipationless conductivity within this phase. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Electrotech Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RP Harrison, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Messier, Claude/A-2322-2008; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016; Mielke, Charles/S-6827-2016 OI Messier, Claude/0000-0002-4791-1763; christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884; Mielke, Charles/0000-0002-2096-5411 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1586 EP 1589 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1586 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000048 PM 11290199 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Honda, Z Zheludev, A Broholm, C Katsumata, K Shapiro, SM AF Chen, Y Honda, Z Zheludev, A Broholm, C Katsumata, K Shapiro, SM TI Field-induced three- and two-dimensional freezing in a quantum spin liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID S=1 HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; HALDANE-GAP ANTIFERROMAGNET; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CHAIN; MODEL; NENP AB Field-induced commensurate transverse magnetic ordering is observed in the Haldane-gap compound Ni(C5D14N2)(2)N-3(PF6) by means of neutron diffraction. Depending on the direction of applied field, the high-field phase is shown to be either a three-dimensional ordered Neel state or a short-range ordered state with dominant two-dimensional spin correlations. The structure of the high-field phase is determined, and properties of the observed quantum phase transition are discussed. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neurtron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892 NR 21 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1618 EP 1621 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1618 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000056 PM 11290207 ER PT J AU Guo, CL Rodriguez, G Taylor, AJ AF Guo, CL Rodriguez, G Taylor, AJ TI Ultrafast dynamics of electron thermalization in gold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; NONEQUILIBRIUM ELECTRON; COPPER; DISTRIBUTIONS; TEMPERATURES; SURFACE AB Time-resolved surface second-harmonic generation (SHG is used to probe electron relaxation processes in gold following intense laser excitation at 1.55 eV. For the first time, an electron temperature (T-e) dependent enhancement in the SHG signal is clearly observed at T-e above 0.7 eV, which is shown to relate to the thermalization of nonequilibrium hot electrons. Therefore, the relaxation dynamics of the transient nonequilibrium electrons in the high T-e regime is directly resolved by monitoring the time evolution of the SHG signal. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guo, CL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012 OI Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462 NR 21 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1638 EP 1641 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1638 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402VZ UT WOS:000167010000061 PM 11290212 ER PT J AU Yang, LM Weng, SF Ferraro, JR Wu, JG AF Yang, LM Weng, SF Ferraro, JR Wu, JG TI Far infrared study of some mono- and disaccharides SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE saccharide; far-IR; mono- and disaccharides ID NORMAL COORDINATE ANALYSIS; ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB Some mono- and disaccharides were studied using the far infrared (FIR) spectroscopic method. Results show that every saccharide has a characteristic spectrum pattern. It is useful to distinguish between different saccharides based on the sequence of their relative intensities. Therefore, an encoding method was suggested to label each substance. In this investigation, the FIR spectra of the saccharides were demonstrated using the encoding method and prove the feasibility of the method. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Peking Univ, Peking Univ Univ Hong Kong Joint Lab Rare Earth M, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Peking Univ, Peking Univ Univ Hong Kong Joint Lab Rare Earth M, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM wjg@chemms.chem.pku.edu.cn NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 EI 1873-3697 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD FEB 18 PY 2001 VL 25 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(00)00106-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 401XR UT WOS:000166954800007 ER PT J AU Dai, S AF Dai, S TI Hierarchically imprinted sorbents SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hierarchical structures; mesoporosity; molecular imprinting; molecular recognition; sorbents ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; FUNCTIONALIZED MONOLAYERS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; URANYL ADSORPTION; ORGANIC GROUPS; PORE STRUCTURE; SILICA; POLYMERS; SURFACTANT; FRAMEWORKS AB A double imprinting methodology was developed to synthesize novel materials with hierarchical structures. On the microporous level(1-3 Angstrom), metal ions served as template. On the mesoporous level (diameters of 25 - 40 Angstrom), micellar structures produced by self-assembly of surfactant molecules were used as templates. Removal of both metal ions and surfactant micelles resulted in the formation of imprints with different sizes within the silica matrix, each with a specific function. This research opens vast opportunities for the applications of ordered mesoporous materials in the area of molecular recognition such as separations, chemical sensors, and catalysts. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM i9d@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 65 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD FEB 16 PY 2001 VL 7 IS 4 BP 763 EP 768 DI 10.1002/1521-3765(20010216)7:4<763::AID-CHEM763>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 405BZ UT WOS:000167138500001 PM 11288865 ER PT J AU Shaw, AM Zare, RN Bennett, CV Kolner, BH AF Shaw, AM Zare, RN Bennett, CV Kolner, BH TI Bounce-by-bounce cavity ring-down spectroscopy: Femtosecond temporal imaging SO CHEMPHYSCHEM LA English DT Article DE femtochemistry; femtosecond dynamics; kinetics; spectroscopy; temporal imaging ID PRINCIPLES AB A time microscope (100 x magnification) allows light pulses exiting an optical cavity to be viewed one at a time. A linearly chirped Gaussian pulse is mixed in a nonlinear crystal with the dispersed input waveform; the up-converted light is sent onto an output dispersive network. The resulting temporal image is recorded both with a streak camera and with a spectrometer. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zare, RN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Zare, Richard/A-8410-2009; Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1439-4235 J9 CHEMPHYSCHEM JI ChemPhysChem PD FEB 16 PY 2001 VL 2 IS 2 BP 118 EP + DI 10.1002/1439-7641(20010216)2:2<118::AID-CPHC118>3.0.CO;2-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 425JC UT WOS:000168286600005 PM 23696438 ER PT J AU Winne, CT Ryan, TJ AF Winne, CT Ryan, TJ TI Aspects of sex-specific differences in the expression of an alternative life cycle in the salamander Ambystoma talpoideum SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID PHENOTYPIC VARIATION; GROWTH-RATE; PEDOMORPHOSIS; METAMORPHOSIS; FOOD; REPRODUCTION; EVOLUTION; DENSITY; SIZE; HETEROCHRONY AB A recent evolutionary ecological model of facultative paedomorphosis predicts that body size of mature individuals should be larger than immatures of the same cohort. We investigated sex-specific differences in body size and maturation within a single cohort of branchiate (= larval and paedomorphic) mole salamanders, Ambystoma talpoideum. In addition, we also sampled the population after the breeding season, as some individuals began to undergo metamorphosis and leave the pond. The branchiate population was female-biased (62.7%), and mature (paedomorphic) females were significantly smaller than paedomorphic males or immature (larval) females. The majority of male branchiates were mature (86.6%), whereas significantly fewer females were mature (64.4%). After the reproductive season, males and females underwent metamorphosis in the same proportion in which they occurred in the branchiate population, although a significantly greater proportion of immature females metamorphosed (64.6%) compared to their frequency in the branchiate population (35.6%). There were no significant differences in body size with regard to sex or maturation among metamorphosing individuals. Our data demonstrate that maturation in branchiates is independent of body size in males and that it may negatively affect body size in females. Our findings underscore sex as a potentially important factor, and question the role of body size, in regulating this life cycle polymorphism in A. talpoideum. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biol, Nacogdoches, TX 75961 USA. RP Ryan, TJ (reprint author), Furman Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, SC 29613 USA. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 16 PY 2001 IS 1 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1643/0045-8511(2001)001[0143:AOSSDI]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 405DP UT WOS:000167142800014 ER PT J AU Krueger, JK Gallagher, SC Zhi, G Geguchadze, R Persechini, A Stull, JT Trewhella, J AF Krueger, JK Gallagher, SC Zhi, G Geguchadze, R Persechini, A Stull, JT Trewhella, J TI Activation of myosin light chain kinase requires translocation of bound calmodulin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; SMALL-ANGLE-SCATTERING; INTRASTERIC REGULATION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; PEPTIDE COMPLEX; RECOGNITION; SEQUENCE; BINDING; CRYSTAL AB A novel translocation step is inferred from structural studies of the interactions between the intracellular calcium receptor protein calmodulin (CaM) and one of its regulatory targets. A mutant of CaM missing residues 2-8 (Delta NCaM) binds skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase with high affinity but fails to activate catalysis. Small angle x-ray scattering data reveal that Delta NCaM occupies a position near the catalytic cleft in its complex with the kinase, whereas the native protein translocates to a position near the C-terminal end of the catalytic core. Thus, CaM residues 2-8 appear to facilitate movement of bound CaM away from the vicinity of the catalytic cleft. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Physiol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Univ Missouri, Div Mol Biol & Biochem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Mail Stop M-888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jtrewhella@lanl.gov RI Krueger, Joanna/A-3110-2011; OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL26043]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK44322]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40528] NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 16 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 7 BP 4535 EP 4538 DI 10.1074/jbc.C000857200 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 428WH UT WOS:000168484300003 PM 11124250 ER PT J AU Filley, J Miedaner, A Ibrahim, M Nimlos, MR Blake, DM AF Filley, J Miedaner, A Ibrahim, M Nimlos, MR Blake, DM TI Energetics of the 2+2 cyclization of limonene SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE limonene; strain; photocyclization; fuel; carvone; camphor ID ENERGY-STORAGE PROCESS; LIGHT ENERGY; NORBORNADIENE; PHOTOISOMERIZATION; QUADRICYCLANE; ISOMERIZATION; NORTRICYCLENE; NORBORNENE; ENTHALPY; POLYMERS AB The hydrocarbon 1,2-dimethyltricyclo[3.3.0.0(2,7)]octane ((4) under bar) was synthesized from carvone in two steps. Compound 4 is the product that would be obtained from the photochemical 2 + 2 intramolecular cyclization of limonene. The calculated enthalpy for the transformation of limonene to compound (4) under bar is 7.2 kcal/mol, the endothermicity of the reaction being attributed to ring strain in the product. This strain energy, accompanied by the increase in specific gravity obtained upon cyclization, gives compound (4) under bar a larger heat of combustion, on a volumetric basis, than jet fuel. Other naturally occurring terpenes, which are inexpensive and abundant, bear consideration as starting materials for easily prepared high energy density materials. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Filley, J (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1010-6030 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. PD FEB 16 PY 2001 VL 139 IS 1 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S1010-6030(00)00424-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 408WK UT WOS:000167350000003 ER PT J AU Sigman, ME Ma, CY Ilgner, RH AF Sigman, ME Ma, CY Ilgner, RH TI Performance evaluation of an in-injection port thermal desorption/gas chromatographic/negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometric method for trace explosive vapor analysis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY AB A gas chromatographic method utilizing thermal desorption of Tenax TA and sol-gel sorbent traps has been developed and validated for the analysis of trace explosive vapor with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometric detection, Sorbent tubes were packed with Tenax TA and sorbent particles prepared in-house by the sol-gel process. Thermal desorption was performed within a split/splitless injection port with minimal instrument modification. Performance was characterized by relative thermal desorption recovery, precision (reproducibility), linearity of the calibration, and method detection limits. Method validation was performed with a series of dinitrotoluenes, dinitrobenzene, trinitrotoluene, trinitrobenzene, two aminodinitrotoluenes, three nitroesters, and two nitramines, The performance of Tenax TA and the sol-gel sorbents is evaluated based on the method validation data. The method was applied to the analysis of trace explosive vapor collected and concentrated with sol-gel solid sorbent traps from the headspace of a smokeless gunpowder sample. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sigman, ME (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008,MS 6100, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 4 BP 792 EP 798 DI 10.1021/ac000580i PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 404BC UT WOS:000167076700011 PM 11248894 ER PT J AU Golovlev, VV Lee, SH Allman, SL Taranenko, NI Isola, NR Chen, CH AF Golovlev, VV Lee, SH Allman, SL Taranenko, NI Isola, NR Chen, CH TI Nonresonant MALDI of oligonucleotides: Mechanism of ion desorption SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LASER-DESORPTION; MATRIX; IONIZATION AB Oligonucleotide ions have been detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) under nonresonant laser irradiation of the sample. When mass resolution was not limited by adduct attachment to the analyte ions, the nonresonant MALDI spectra demonstrated better resolution than the spectra acquired with resonant ultraviolet irradiation. We found that preparation of thin-him samples on absorbing substrate surfaces was critical for the success of NR-MALDI. The possible acoustic mechanisms of ion formation and desorption are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Allman, Steve/A-9121-2011 OI Allman, Steve/0000-0001-6538-7048 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 4 BP 809 EP 812 DI 10.1021/ac001006+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 404BC UT WOS:000167076700014 PM 11248897 ER PT J AU Kaiser, A Nishi, K Gorin, FA Walsh, DA Bradbury, EM Schnier, JB AF Kaiser, A Nishi, K Gorin, FA Walsh, DA Bradbury, EM Schnier, JB TI The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor flavopiridol inhibits glycogen phosphorylase SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE glycogen phosphorylase; flavopiridol; cancer; A549 ID CARCINOMA-CELLS; RABBIT MUSCLE; HUMAN-LIVER; D-GLUCOSE; BINDING; LOCALIZATION; SPECIFICITY; HEXOKINASE; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS AB Flavopiridol has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Using immobilized flavopiridol, we identified glycogen phosphorylases (GP) from liver and brain as flavopiridol binding proteins from HeLa cell extract, Purified rabbit muscle GP also bound to the flavopiridol affinity column, GP is the rate-limiting enzyme in intracellular glycogen breakdown. Flavopiridol significantly inhibited the AMP-activated GP-b form of the purified rabbit muscle isoenzyme (IC50 of 1 muM at 0.8 mM AMP), but was less inhibitory to the active phosphorylated form of GP, GP-a (IC50 of 2.5 muM). The AMP-bound GP-a form was poorly inhibited by flavopiridol (40% at 10 muM). Increasing concentrations of the allosteric effector AMP resulted in a linear decrease in the GP-inhibitory activity of flavopiridol suggesting interference between flavopiridol and AMP. In contrast the GP inhibitor caffeine had no effect on the relative GP inhibition by flavopiridol, suggesting an additive effect of caffeine. Flavopiridol also inhibited the phosphorylase kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of GP-b by inhibiting the kinase in vitro. Flavopiridol thus is able to interfere with both activating modifications of GP-b, AMP activation and phosphorylation, In A549 NSCLC cells flavopiridol treatment caused glycogen accumulation despite of an increase in GP activity, suggesting direct GP inhibition in vivo rather than inhibition of GP activation by phosphorylase kinase. These results suggest that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol interferes with glycogen degradation, which may be responsible for flavopiridol's cytotoxicity and explain its resistance in some cell lines. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Ctr Neurosci, Dept Neurol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schnier, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol Chem, Tupper Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 62505, CA 63265] NR 41 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 386 IS 2 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1006/abbi.2000.2220 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 404QM UT WOS:000167112200007 PM 11368340 ER PT J AU Nonet, GH Stampfer, MR Chin, K Gray, JW Collins, CC Yaswen, P AF Nonet, GH Stampfer, MR Chin, K Gray, JW Collins, CC Yaswen, P TI The ZNF217 gene amplified in breast cancers promotes immortalization of human mammary epithelial cells SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; 20Q GAIN; TELOMERASE; GROWTH; ASSOCIATION; EXPRESSION; SENESCENCE; MECHANISM; INDUCTION; CAPACITY AB The functional consequences of overexpression of a candidate oncogene on chromosome 20q13.2, ZNF217, were examined by transducing the gene into finite life span human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). In four independent experiments, ZNF217-transduced cultures gave rise to immortalized cells. HMECs that overcame senescence initially exhibited heterogeneous growth and continued telomere erosion, followed by increasing telomerase activity, stabilization of telomere length, and resistance to transforming growth factor beta growth inhibition. The incremental changes in telomerase activity and growth that occurred in ZNF217-transduced cultures after they overcame senescence were similar to the conversion pattern we have described previously in rare HMEC lines immortalized after exposure to a chemical carcinogen. Aberrant expression of ZNF217 may be selected for during breast cancer progression because it allows breast cells to overcome senescence and attain immortality. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Yaswen, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Mailstop 70A-1118,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA24844, CA58207] NR 30 TC 110 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1250 EP 1254 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 407DD UT WOS:000167255400003 PM 11245413 ER PT J AU Spitz, MR Wu, XF Wang, YF Wang, LE Shete, S Amos, CI Guo, ZZ Lei, L Mohrenweiser, H Wei, QY AF Spitz, MR Wu, XF Wang, YF Wang, LE Shete, S Amos, CI Guo, ZZ Lei, L Mohrenweiser, H Wei, QY TI Modulation of nucleotide excision repair capacity by XPD polymorphisms in lung cancer patients SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INDUCED DNA-ADDUCTS; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; GENE; EXPRESSION; DAMAGE; ERCC2; RISK AB Sequence variations have been identified in a number of DNA repair genes, including XPD, but the effect of these polymorphisms on DNA repair capacity (DRC) is uncertain. We therefore examined XPD polymorphisms at Lys751Glu and Asp312Asn in 341 white lung cancer cases and 360 age-, sex-, ethnicity-, and smoking-matched controls accrued in a hospital-based molecular epidemiological study of susceptibility markers for lung cancer. As previously reported, DRC was statistically significantly lower in the cases than in the controls (7.8% versus 9.5%; P < 0.001), which represents an average 18% reduction among the cases. The variant Lys75IGln and Asp312Asn allele frequencies mere 0.36 and 0.29, respectively, for the cases and 0.33 and 0.27, respectively, for the controls. For subjects homozygous for the variant genotype at either locus, the adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)I was 1.84 (1.11-3.04; P = 0.018, for trend). Both cases and controls with the wild-type genotypes exhibited the most proficient DRC. The risk (95% CI) for suboptimal DRC (defined as less than the median DRC value among the controls) was 1.57 (0.74-3.35) for those with the Gln/Gln751 genotype. For cases with the Asn/Asn312 genotype, the risk (95% CI) was 3.50 (1.06-11.59). For cases who were homozygous at either locus, the risk was 2.29 (1.03-5.12; P = 0.048, for trend). The pattern was less evident among the controls, although there was a nonsignificant 41% increase in the risk of suboptimal DRC for controls who were homozygous at either locus. These results suggest that the two XPD polymorphisms have a modulating effect on DRC, especially in the cases. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Spitz, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Box 189,1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 55769, CA 70907, CA 86390] NR 26 TC 393 Z9 420 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1354 EP 1357 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 407DD UT WOS:000167255400023 PM 11245433 ER PT J AU Dupuis, M AF Dupuis, M TI New integral transforms for molecular properties and application to a massively parallel GIAO-SCF implementation SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Gaussian integral transforms; Rys quadrature; NMR chemical shifts; HFSCF GIAO theory; massively parallel calculations ID NMR CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; BASIS SETS; COMPUTATION; CONSTANTS; ELECTRON; DENSITY AB We present several new Gaussian integral transforms to be used with the Rys quadrature numerical integration method. These transforms lead to an elegant unified methodology for the calculation of the atomic Gaussian integrals that enter the calculation of many molecular wavefunctions and properties. The unifred methodology is highlighted for several types of integrals that are at the heart of other modem electronic structure theoretical developments, including electric and magnetic properties. We make use of these transforms ina massively parallel implementation of the Gauge-Invariant-Atomic-Orbital (GIAO) method for the calculation of chemical;shifts at the ab initio HF SCF level of theory. The implementation follows the original GIAO theory that bypasses computational tasks that are not massively scalable. Indeed the response of the wavefunction to the magnetic field is calculated by means of the Derivative Hartree-Fock method (DHF). The DHF method is amenable to high parallel efficiency as it involves only the calculation of Fock-Iike matrices from density-like matrices. The computationally intensive steps are shown to be highly scalable. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dupuis, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, K8-91,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 2 BP 150 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(00)00195-8 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 403AP UT WOS:000167020600002 ER PT J AU Chacon, L Barnes, DC Knoll, DA Miley, GH AF Chacon, L Barnes, DC Knoll, DA Miley, GH TI A bounce-averaged ion Fokker-Planck code for Penning fusion devices SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bounce-average; Fokker-Planck; kinetic simulation; non-neutral plasmas; inertial electrostatic confinement; Penning traps ID PLASMAS AB A bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code (BAFP) has been developed and tested. BAFP implements a multi-dimensional, energy-conservative, time-implicit solution of the Fokker-Planck equation in two velocity and one spatial dimensions. A Jacobian-free, Newton-Krylov solver efficiently inverts the time-implicit equations. Bounce averaging removes the fast time scale for motion of trapped ions, so low-collisionality ion systems can effectively be treated. BAFP has been applied to ion dynamics in virtual-cathode spherical inertial electrostatic (IEC) fusion devices, which employ a spherical cloud of electrons to create a kV electrostatic well to confine and spherically focus ions. Here, Penning-type IEC devices are studied. Steady-state ion distribution functions obtained with BAFP in operating limits of interest are presented, and show that a variety of steady-state equilibriums are possible in these systems. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Chacon, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS K717, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 2 BP 183 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(00)00200-9 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 403AP UT WOS:000167020600004 ER PT J AU Krumke, SO Marathe, MV Noltemeier, H Ravi, SS Wirth, HC AF Krumke, SO Marathe, MV Noltemeier, H Ravi, SS Wirth, HC TI Upgrading bottleneck constrained forests SO DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science (WG '98) CY JUN 18-20, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP Slovak Acad Comp Sci, RWTH Aachen, Dept Comp Sci, Slovak Soc Comp Sci DE network design; node upgrade; constrained forest; approximation algorithm ID TREES AB We study bottleneck constrained network upgrading problems. We are given an edge weighted graph G = (V,E) where node nu is an element of V can be upgraded at a cost of c(nu). This upgrade reduces the delay of each link emanating from nu. The goal is to find a minimum cost set of nodes to be upgraded so that the resulting network has a good performance. The performance is measured by the bottleneck weight of a constrained forest defined by a proper function (Goemans and Williamson, SIAM J. Comput. 24 (1995) 296-317). These problems are a generalization of the node weighted constrained forest problems studied by Klein and Ravi (J. Algorithms 19 (1995) 104-115). The main result of the paper is a polynomial-time approximation algorithm for this problem with performance guarantee of 2 ln(roote/2.\K\), where K:={nu: f({v}) = 1} is the set of terminals given by the proper function f. We also prove that the performance bound is tight up to small constant factors by providing a lower bound of In \K\. Our results are obtained by extending the elegant solution based decomposition technique of (Klein and Ravi, J. Algorithms 19 (1995) 104-115) for approximating node weighted constrained forest problems. These results obtained extend those in (Klein and Ravi, J. Algorithms 19 (1995) 104-115, Krumke et al., Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci., Vol. 1197, 1996, pp. 293-307). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wurzburg, Dept Comp Sci, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. Konrad Zuse Zentrum Informat Tech Berlin, Dept Optimizat, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Wirth, HC (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Dept Comp Sci, Hubland, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-218X J9 DISCRETE APPL MATH JI Discret Appl. Math. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 108 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1016/S0166-218X(00)00222-5 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 394EE UT WOS:000166510500008 ER PT J AU Luo, SD Ku, TL Wang, L Southon, JR Lund, SP Schwartz, M AF Luo, SD Ku, TL Wang, L Southon, JR Lund, SP Schwartz, M TI Al-26, Be-10 and U-Th isotopes in Blake Outer Ridge sediments: implications for past changes in boundary scavenging SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge; Be-10; Al-26; Th-230; productivity; paleo-oceanography ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; COSMOGENIC BE-10; TH-230; PA-231; RATES; CIRCULATION; ALUMINUM AB We have investigated the distributions of Al-26, Be-10, U-Th isotopes, and stable Al-27 and B-9, in core CH88-11P (30 degrees 40'N, 74 degrees 41'W; 3337 m) from the Blake Outer Ridge (BOR) in the western North Atlantic, an area that is characterized by high terrigenous input. Results show authigenic Al-26/Al-27 of < 2-8 x 10(-14) (atom/atom), authigenic Be-10/Be-9 of 0.5-2.6 x 10(-8) (atom/atom), < 0.2-1.8 x 10(6) atoms/g of Al-26 and 5.3-15.1 x 10(8) atoms/g of Be-10 in the core over the last glacial/interglacial cycle. These values, as well as total Th-230(ex)/Th-232 and Be-10/Be-9 ratios, were all at their minima during the last glacial maximum (LGM), reflecting intensified terrestrial influx to the area. Aluminosilicate material (clays) in this influx preferentially scavenged Th-230 over the two other particle-reactive nuclides, Al-26 and Be-10, such that their boundary scavenging during LGM followed the order Th-230>Be-10>Al-26, as opposed to Be-10 greater than or equal to Th-230 > Al-26 in the Holocene. They appear at variance with the order Be-10 > Al-26 approximate to Th-230 as would be predicted from the relative particle reactivities of the three species. These scavenging characteristics point to Be-10/Al-26 as a potentially more suitable proxy for paleoproductivity than Be-10/Th-230(ex). Mass-balance considerations for Al-26 and Be-10 show a five-fold LGM-to-Holocene increase in deep-water circulation in the study area, with little change in ocean productivity except during the deglaciation when it increased noticeably. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Luo, SD (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 185 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00372-1 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 401KU UT WOS:000166927400012 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, JK Zachara, JM Kukkadapu, RK Gorby, YA Smith, SC Brown, CF AF Fredrickson, JK Zachara, JM Kukkadapu, RK Gorby, YA Smith, SC Brown, CF TI Biotransformation of Ni-substituted hydrous ferric oxide by an Fe(III)-reducing bacterium SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHEWANELLA-PUTREFACIENS MR-1; CRYSTALLINE IRON(III) OXIDES; REDUCTIVE DISSOLUTION; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; DISSIMILATORY REDUCTION; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FRUMKIN ISOTHERM; ALKALINE MEDIA; OUTER-MEMBRANE; IRON-OXIDES AB The reductive biotransformation of a Ni2+-substituted (5 mol %) hydrous ferric oxide (NiHFO) by Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32, was investigated under anoxic conditions at circumneutral pH. Our objectives were to define the influence of Ni2+ substitution on the bioreducibility of the HFO and the biomineralization products formed and to identify biogeochemical factors controlling the phase distribution of Ni2+ during bioreduction. Incubations with CN32 and NiHFO were sampled after 14 and 32 d, and both aqueous chemistry and solid phases were characterized. By comparison of these results with a previous study (Fredrickson, J. K.; Zachara, J. M.; Kennedy, D. W.; Dong, H.; Onstott, T. C.; Hinman, N. W.; Li, S. W. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1998, 62, 3239-3257), it was concluded that coprecipitated/sorbed Ni2+ inhibited the bioreduction of HFO through an undefined chemical mechanism. Mossbauer spectroscopy allowed analysis of the residual HFO phase and the identity and approximate mass percent of biogenic mineral phases. The presence of AQDS, a soluble electron shuttle that obviates need far cell-oxide contact, was found to counteract the inhibiting effect of Ni2+. Nickel was generally mobilized during bioreduction in a trend that correlated with final pH, except in cases where PO43- was present and vivianite precipitation occurred. CN32 promoted the formation of Ni2+-substituted magnetite ((Fe2Fe(1-x)NixO4)-Fe-III-Ni-II-O-II) in media with AQDS but without PO43-. The formation of this biogenic coprecipitate, however, had little discernible impact on final aqueous Ni2+ concentrations. These results demonstrate that coprecipitated Ni can inhibit dissimilatory microbial reduction of amorphous iron oxide, but the presence of humic acids may facilitate the immobilization of Ni within the crystal structure of biogenic magnetite. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fredrickson, JK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov NR 49 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 35 IS 4 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1021/es001500v PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 402MB UT WOS:000166990800010 PM 11349281 ER PT J AU Daniels, RJ Peden, JF Lloyd, C Horsley, SW Clark, K Tufarelli, C Kearney, L Buckle, VJ Doggett, NA Flint, J Higgs, DR AF Daniels, RJ Peden, JF Lloyd, C Horsley, SW Clark, K Tufarelli, C Kearney, L Buckle, VJ Doggett, NA Flint, J Higgs, DR TI Sequence, structure and pathology of the fully annotated terminal 2 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 16 SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; CONTIGUOUS GENE SYNDROME; PROTEIN-CODING REGIONS; HUMAN TELOMERIC REGION; MAST-CELL TRYPTASE; OPTIC LOBES GENE; MENTAL-RETARDATION; HUMAN GENOME; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; MOUSE HOMOLOG AB We have sequenced 1949 kb from the terminal Giemsa light band of human chromosome 16p, enabling us to fully annotate the region extending from the telomeric repeats to the previously published tuberous sclerosis disease 2 (TSC2) and polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) genes, This region can be subdivided into two GC-rich, Alu-rich domains and one CC-rich, Alu-poor domain, The entire region is extremely gene rich, containing 100 confirmed genes and 20 predicted genes. Many of the genes encode widely expressed proteins orchestrating basic cellular processes (e.g. DNA recombination, repair, transcription, RNA processing, signal transduction, intracellular signalling and mRNA translation). Others, such as the alpha globin genes (HBA1 and HBA2), PDIP and BAIAP3, are specialized tissue-restricted genes. Some of the genes have been previously implicated in the pathophysiology of important human genetic diseases (e.g. asthma, cataracts and the ATR-16 syndrome). Others are known disease genes for alpha thalassaemia, adult polycystic kidney disease and tuberous sclerosis, There is also linkage evidence for bipolar affective disorder, epilepsy and autism in this region. Sixty-three chromosomal deletions reported here and elsewhere allow us to interpret the results of removing progressively larger numbers of genes from this well defined human telomeric region. C1 John Radcliffe Hosp, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, MRC, Mol Haematol Unit, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. Sanger Ctr, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Higgs, DR (reprint author), John Radcliffe Hosp, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, MRC, Mol Haematol Unit, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. NR 81 TC 72 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 339 EP 352 DI 10.1093/hmg/10.4.339 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 404FY UT WOS:000167087800004 PM 11157797 ER PT J AU Fisch, NJ Raitses, Y Dorf, LA Litvak, AA AF Fisch, NJ Raitses, Y Dorf, LA Litvak, AA TI Variable operation of Hall thruster with multiple segmented electrodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Variable plasma jet velocity with low beam divergence over a range of mass flow rates can be achieved through segmented electrode operation of the Hall plasma accelerator. With the use of just a cathode side electrode at the cathode potential, the beam divergence can be decreased substantially, at some cost in efficiency. However, the additional use of an anode side electrode retains the same reduced plume divergence, but at efficiencies comparable to the nonsegmented operation. The high efficiency persists also when the anode side electrode is biased at an intermediate potential, thus producing two-stage Hall accelerator operation. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Fisch, NJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 13 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 4 BP 2040 EP 2046 DI 10.1063/1.1337919 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 397HY UT WOS:000166688300008 ER PT J AU Aroutiounian, V Petrosyan, S Khachatryan, A Touryan, K AF Aroutiounian, V Petrosyan, S Khachatryan, A Touryan, K TI Quantum dot solar cells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENCY AB The quantum dot solar cell concept is proposed as a scheme for increased solar cell efficiency. A theoretical model is presented for a practical p-i-n quantum dot solar cell, based on the self-organized InAs/GaAs system. The advantages of using the quantum dot in the active region for photon absorption in the long-wavelength part of the spectrum, leading to cell efficiency, is discussed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Yerevan State Univ, Dept Phys Semicond, Yerevan 375049, Armenia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Aroutiounian, V (reprint author), Yerevan State Univ, Dept Phys Semicond, Yerevan 375049, Armenia. NR 13 TC 139 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 53 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 4 BP 2268 EP 2271 DI 10.1063/1.1339210 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 397HY UT WOS:000166688300043 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, S Spaeth, C Richter, F AF Bhattacharyya, S Spaeth, C Richter, F TI Valence band spectra of nitrogen incorporated amorphous carbon films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; DIAMOND; BETA-SI3N4; BETA-C3N4; STATES AB Tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films were deposited in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc chamber. Nitrogen, of atomic concentration up to 30%, was introduced in the films during deposition by a Kaufmann-ion source. Change of the film structure and the valence band (VB) spectra of ta-C film due to nitrogen incorporation was studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) using He I and He II excitations as well as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comparative study of the electronic structure between ta-C and the nitrogenated films was demonstrated by decomposition of their VB spectra into several bands and from the intensity difference of these spectra. An additional density of states close to the Fermi level (E-F), representing the nitrogen lone pair state, has been detected from both UPS and XPS VB spectra of nitrogenated samples. From the shift of the VB relative to the E-F nitrogen doping of ta-C is demonstrated. The change of the density of states at the edge of VB and especially the C 2s and N 2s states is thoroughly explained. The modification of the structure of nitrogenated films prepared by applying the substrate bias and temperature was also studied through comparison of the VB spectra. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 TU Chemnitz, Inst Phys, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany. RP Bhattacharyya, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, MSD, CHM, Bldg 200,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bhattacharyya, Somnath/M-1867-2015 OI Bhattacharyya, Somnath/0000-0002-6435-7864 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 4 BP 2414 EP 2421 DI 10.1063/1.1337602 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 397HY UT WOS:000166688300063 ER PT J AU Berhault, G Mehta, A Pavel, AC Yang, JZ Rendon, L Yacaman, MJ Araiza, LC Moller, AD Chianelli, RR AF Berhault, G Mehta, A Pavel, AC Yang, JZ Rendon, L Yacaman, MJ Araiza, LC Moller, AD Chianelli, RR TI The role of structural carbon in transition metal sulfides hydrotreating catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID MOLYBDENUM CARBIDE CATALYSTS; HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYSTS; MOS2 CATALYSTS; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGENATION; THIOPHENE; NITRIDES; NICKEL; HYDRODENITROGENATION AB The necessity of improving the hydrotreating sulfide catalysts' efficiency in deep hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is urgent due to new environmental regulations regarding sulfur content in fuels. Progress has been made in understanding the basis for cobalt-promoted molybdenum sulfide activity. However, recent results [R. R. Chianelli and G. Berhault, Catal. Today 53, 357 (1999)] have evidenced that carbon plays an important role in the stabilized structure of active catalysts. Indeed, the active surface in the stabilized, catalytically active transition metal sulfide (TMS) phase is carbided. Moreover, it is well-known that organosulfide treatment of oxide catalysts to produce the active catalytic form results in a better HDS activity, suggesting an initial modification of the sulfide structure in the presence of a carbon source. This study reports the structural and textural modifications of unsupported MoS2 catalyst via CH3-S-CH3 or dibenzothiophene treatment in order to better characterize the formation of structural carbon on MoS2 layered particles. Both bulk characterization techniques (Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, far-IR) and surface-sensitive methods (electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS)) were performed in order to carefully study the final state of carburized unsupported molybdenum sulfide. Complementary electronic microscopy studies were carried out to clarify textural modifications occurring consecutively with this treatment. Evidence is shown that structural carbon processes through a replacement of sulfur atoms at the reactive edges of MoS2 platelets, resulting in a stabilized MoS2-xCx phase. This carburization surface process does not affect the MoS2 bulk structure. Results also demonstrate that carbon stabilizes texturally sulfide particles, keeping crystallites smaller and less stacked. Thus, the active TMS should be viewed as sulfide-supported transition metal carbides. This work is a preliminary study about the neglected role of carbon on TMS-based catalysts operating in hydrotreating conditions. Further studies will point out the catalytic consequences due to the formation of this stabilized phase. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Chem, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico. ININ, Salazar, Edo de Mexico, Mexico. CCMC, Ensenada 22830, Baja California, Mexico. RP Berhault, G (reprint author), Univ Poitiers, Catalyse Chim Organ Lab, 40 Ave Recteur Pineau, F-86022 Poitiers, France. RI DUARTE MOLLER, JOSE ALBERTO/G-1350-2012; jose yacaman, miguel/B-5622-2009 OI DUARTE MOLLER, JOSE ALBERTO/0000-0002-9763-8929; NR 61 TC 94 Z9 99 U1 5 U2 61 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 198 IS 1 BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1006/jcat.2000.3124 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 414DF UT WOS:000167650100002 ER PT J AU Yu, HG AF Yu, HG TI A five-dimensional quantum scattering model for the type AB+XCD3 reversible arrow ABX+CD3 reaction in hyperspherical coordinates: Application to OH+CH4 reversible arrow H2O+CH3 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATIONS; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; ATOM TRIATOM REACTIONS; REACTION DYNAMICS; 4-ATOM REACTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; CL+CH4-REVERSIBLE-ARROW-HCL+CH3 REACTION; CH4+OH->CH3+H2O REACTION; REACTION OH+H-2->H2O+H AB A reduced dimensionality (RD) reactive quantum scattering model has been presented for the general type AB+XCD(3)reversible arrow ABX+CD3 reaction, where the CD3 fragment has C-3V symmetry. The model Hamiltonian and quantum scattering formulas are derived in hyperspherical coordinates, together with a single hyperradius hyperspherical projection method for boundary conditions. The time-independent coupled channel equations are propagated using a log-derivative method. The surface functions are produced by a guided spectral transform (GST) Lanczos algorithm. We also describe a GST Lanczos method to solve the generalized eigenvalue problem in a nonorthogonal basis. The RD model has been applied to the OH+CH(4)reversible arrowH(2)O+CH3 reaction. A comparison of calculated results with previous theoretical and experimental ones is made. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Gothenburg, Dept Chem, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Yu, HG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Yu, Hua-Gen/N-7339-2015 NR 75 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 7 BP 2967 EP 2976 DI 10.1063/1.1342218 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397TH UT WOS:000166713100015 ER PT J AU Tosh, RE Shukla, AK Futrell, JH AF Tosh, RE Shukla, AK Futrell, JH TI Energy transfer, scattering and dissociation in ion atom collisions: CO2+/Ar SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENTIAL IMPULSE MODEL; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BEAM SCATTERING; POLYATOMIC IONS; REACTIVE SCATTERING; KNOCKOUT REACTIONS; DYNAMICS; ACTIVATION; EXCITATION; DIAGRAMS AB Collision-induced dissociation (CID) and nondissociative scattering of CO2+ ions following collision with a supersonic molecular beam of argon has been studied at low collision energies by crossed-beam tandem mass spectrometry. The center-of-mass (c.m.) velocity contour diagram at 23.8 eV collision energy showed that the scattering of CO2+ ions have two energetically distinct components: elastic collisions at smaller angles in which momentum exchange apparently involves Ar/O repulsive interactions and inelastic collisions at larger angles in which internally excited CO2+ ions recoil from the two-body CO2+/Ar c.m. The most probable energy transfer in the inelastic process is 4.8 +/-0.5 eV, just below the lowest dissociation threshold. The CID processes at the same collision energy leading to fragment ions, CO+ and O+, show similar characteristics. CID occurs via both spectator knock-out and two-body collisions that result into two distinct scattering patterns. The energy transfers for the two pathways for O+ fragment ions are 4.7 +/-0.5 eV for knock-out collisions and 7.6 +/-0.5 eV for the two-body inelastic recoil collision mechanism. It is suggested that CID for O+ via the latter process must involve an electronic state higher than the C state and proceed via curve crossing. Energy transfers for CO+ fragment ions via the two corresponding processes are 5.7 +/-0.5 eV and 7.6 +/-0.5 eV, respectively, clearly suggesting similar mechanisms for energy transfer and dissociation for this CID process also. It is suggested that the bent geometry of the CO2+ ions may be an important factor in promoting two distinct mechanisms. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Shukla, AK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 7 BP 2986 EP 2992 DI 10.1063/1.1342222 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397TH UT WOS:000166713100018 ER PT J AU Hsu, CP Fleming, GR Head-Gordon, M Head-Gordon, T AF Hsu, CP Fleming, GR Head-Gordon, M Head-Gordon, T TI Excitation energy transfer in condensed media SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PURPLE BACTERIA; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; ELEMENT METHOD; REACTION FIELD; AB-INITIO; SOLVENT; MOLECULES; MODEL AB We derive an expression for resonance energy transfer between a pair of chromophores embedded in a condensed medium by considering the energy splitting of the chromophores from their resonant excited states. We employ time-dependent density functional response theory in our derivation. The linear response theory treatment is rigorous within the framework of time-dependent density functional theory, while in obtaining the energy transfer coupling, the standard first-order approximation is used. The density response function for the medium, which can be replaced by the macroscopic dielectric susceptibility, enables the inclusion of the medium influence on the energy transfer coupling between the donor and acceptor. We consider the Coulomb coupling, and determine that our result is isomorphic to the Coulomb interaction between two charge densities inside a dielectric medium. The isomorphism we found not only provides a general and useful expression for applications, but additionally offers a basis for the extension of the dielectric response model to energy transfer coupling, which has been implicitly used earlier. An illustrative model shows that for two separated molecules, the medium adds a dielectric screening effect to the Coulomb coupling of their transitions. However, if the two molecules are so closely spaced that they effectively reside in a single cavity, the medium can enhance or reduce the strength of the coupling depending on the orientation and the alignment of the two chromophores. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hsu, CP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM grfleming@lbl.gov RI Head-Gordon, Teresa/E-5818-2011; Hsu, Chao-Ping/E-1303-2011 OI Hsu, Chao-Ping/0000-0002-7187-427X NR 50 TC 116 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 7 BP 3065 EP 3072 DI 10.1063/1.1338531 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397TH UT WOS:000166713100029 ER PT J AU Lenhart, JJ Bargar, JR Davis, JA AF Lenhart, JJ Bargar, JR Davis, JA TI Spectroscopic evidence for ternary surface complexes in the lead(II)-malonic acid-hematite system SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE EXAFS; ATR-FTIR; sorption; ternary complex; inner sphere ID BOND-VALENCE DETERMINATION; PB(II) SORPTION PRODUCTS; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACES; GAMMA-ALOOH INTERFACE; ORGANIC-ACIDS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; IRON-OXIDES; ADSORPTION; BOEHMITE; XAFS AB Using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) measurements, we examined the sorption of Pb(II) to hematite in the presence of malonic acid. Pb L(III)-edge EXAFS measurements performed in the presence of malonate indicate the presence of both Fe and C neighbors, suggesting that a major fraction of surface-bound malonate is bonded to adsorbed Pb(II). In the absence of Pb(II), ATR-FTIR measurements of sorbed malonate suggest the formation of more than one malonate surface complex, The dissimilarity of the IR spectrum of malonate sorbed on hematite to those for aqueous malonate suggest at least one of the sorbed malonate species is directly coordinated to surface Fe atoms in an inner-sphere mode, In the presence of Pb, little change is seen in the IR spectrum for sorbed malonate, indicating that geometry of malonate as it coordinates to sorbed Pb(II) adions is similar to the geometry of malonate as it coordinates to Fe in the hematite surface, Fits of the raw EXAFS spectra collected from pH 4 to pH 8 result in average Pb-C distances of 2.98 to 3.14 Angstrom, suggesting the presence of both four- and six-membered Pb-malonate rings. The IR results are consistent with this interpretation, Thus, our results suggest that malonate binds to sorbed Pb(II) adions, forming ternary metal-bridging surface complexes. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Lenhart, JJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 234 IS 2 BP 448 EP 452 DI 10.1006/jcis.2000.7345 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 399ZC UT WOS:000166843300024 ER PT J AU Hu, MQ Persoff, P Wang, JSY AF Hu, MQ Persoff, P Wang, JSY TI Laboratory measurement of water imbibition into low-permeability welded tuff SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE imbibition; sorptivity; capillarity; vapor diffusion; buoyancy AB Laboratory imbibition and vapor-diffusion experiments were developed and conducted to measure accurately water imbibition and vapor condensation into welded tuff of low permeability. Automatically recorded balance readings were used to quantify the uptake of water into rock cores by imbibition and/or vapor condensation. The total uptake of water was checked against independent weighings of the sample before and after each experiment. As water was imbibed into the sample: and evaporated from the reservoir, the buoyant force on the sample decreased. Balance readings corrected for the buoyancy effect agreed very well with independently measured total uptake. Sorptivity was calculated from the slope of a plot of corrected cumulative imbibition versus square-root of time. Vapor condensation can provide a significant contribution to the water uptake into cores during imbibition experiments. Rock cores were coated with epoxy on the sides and covered on the top (except for a small hole that allowed air to escape) to minimize the vapor condensation contribution. Comparison of the sorptivity values between different core treatments shows that a consistent fraction, about 20%, of water uptake actually enters the core by vapor condensation. Overall, methods for separating the confounding effects of buoyant-force change and vapor condensation result in more accurate measurement of sorptivity, as exhibited by the consistent and reproducible results of triplicate measurements. These methods for buoyancy and vapor-condensation correction are expected to be very useful for measuring imbibition rates on a wide range of porous materials, especially very-low-permeability materials. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hu, MQ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Hu, Qinhong/C-3096-2009 OI Hu, Qinhong/0000-0002-4782-319X NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 242 IS 1-2 BP 64 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00388-7 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 403MV UT WOS:000167047800004 ER PT J AU Ioannidis, JPA Abrams, EJ Ammann, A Bulterys, M Goedert, JJ Gray, L Korber, BT Mayaux, MJ Mofenson, LM Newell, ML Shapiro, DE Teglas, JP Wilfert, CM AF Ioannidis, JPA Abrams, EJ Ammann, A Bulterys, M Goedert, JJ Gray, L Korber, BT Mayaux, MJ Mofenson, LM Newell, ML Shapiro, DE Teglas, JP Wilfert, CM TI Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by pregnant women with RNA virus loads < 1000 copies/mL SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; MATERNAL VIRAL LOAD; HIV-1 RNA; ZIDOVUDINE TREATMENT; INFANT TRANSMISSION; PLASMA; RISK; QUANTIFICATION; EXPOSURE; THAILAND AB In a collaboration of 7 European and United States prospective studies, 44 cases of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission were identified among 1202 women with RNA virus loads <1000 copies/mL at delivery or at the measurement closest to delivery. For mothers receiving antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy or at the time of delivery (or both), there was a 1.0% transmission rate (8 of 834; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4%-1.9%), compared with 9.8% (36 of 368; 95% CI, 7.0%-13.4%) for untreated mothers (risk ratio, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.05-0.21). In multivariate analysis adjusting for study, transmission was lower with antiretroviral treatment (odds ratio [OR], 0.10; P < .001), cesarean section (OR, 0.30; P = .022), greater birth weight (P = .003), and higher CD4 cell count (P = .039). In 12 of 44 cases, multiple RNA measurements were obtained during pregnancy or at the time of delivery or within 4 months after giving birth; in 10 of the 12 cases, the geometric mean virus load was >500 copies/mL. Perinatal HIV-1 transmission occurs in only 1% of treated women with RNA virus loads <1000 copies/mL and may be almost eliminated with antiretroviral prophylaxis accompanied by suppression of maternal viremia. C1 Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. Columbia Univ, Harlem Hosp Ctr, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. Global Strategies HIV Prevent, San Rafael, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mother Child Transmiss & Pediat & Adolescent Stud, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. NICHHD, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. Inst Child Hlth, Dept Paediat Epidemiol & Biostat, European Collaborat Study Coordinating Ctr, London, England. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Hop Kremlin Bicetre, INSERM, U292, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. RI Gray, Linsay/A-6741-2010; Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808; Newell, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-1074-7699; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 NR 41 TC 201 Z9 212 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 4 BP 539 EP 545 DI 10.1086/318530 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 395NG UT WOS:000166586000003 PM 11170978 ER PT J AU Dreyer, MK Borcherding, DR Dumont, JA Peet, NP Tsay, JT Wright, PS Bitonti, AJ Shen, J Kim, SH AF Dreyer, MK Borcherding, DR Dumont, JA Peet, NP Tsay, JT Wright, PS Bitonti, AJ Shen, J Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of human cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in complex with the adenine-derived inhibitor H717 SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELL-CYCLE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; PROTEIN-KINASE; HUMAN CDK2; PHOSPHORYLATION; ACTIVATION; ATP; IDENTIFICATION; RECOGNITION; SPECIFICITY AB Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are regulatory proteins of the eukaryotic cell cycle. They act after association with different cyclins, the concentrations of which vary throughout the progression of the cell cycle. As central mediators of cell growth, CDKs are potential targets for inhibitory molecules that would allow disruption of the cell cycle in order to evoke an antiproliferative effect and may therefore be useful as cancer therapeutics. We synthesized several inhibitory 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine derivatives and solved the crystal structure of one of these compounds, H717, in complex with human CDK2 at 2.6 Angstrom resolution. The orientation of the C-2-p-diaminocyclohexyl portion of the inhibitor is strikingly different from those of similar moieties in other related inhibitor complexes. The N-9-cyclopentyl ring fully occupies a space in the enzyme which is otherwise empty, while the C-6-N-aminobenzyl substituent points out of the ATP-binding site. The structure provides a basis for the further development of more potent inhibitory drugs. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Aventis Pharmaceut Inc, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. RP Dreyer, MK (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Biozentrum, Hubland, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. EM dreyer@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de; shkim@lbl.gov NR 37 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 44 IS 4 BP 524 EP 530 DI 10.1021/jm001043t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 400GP UT WOS:000166864100004 PM 11170642 ER PT J AU Ho, PC Palmer, DA Gruszkiewicz, MS AF Ho, PC Palmer, DA Gruszkiewicz, MS TI Conductivity measurements of dilute aqueous HCl solutions to high temperatures and pressures using a flow-through cell SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE MEASUREMENTS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS; ION ASSOCIATION; 300 MPA; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; HYDROCHLORIC-ACID; 600-DEGREES-C; CHLORIDE; WATER AB The limiting molar conductance Lambda (0) and molal ion association constant K-A(m) of dilute (10(-5) to 10(-3) mol . kg(-1)) aqueous HCl solutions were determined using a flow through conductance cell at temperatures from 100 to 410 degreesC and densities from 0.96 to 0.27 g.cm(-3). The flow-through cell is designed to measure molar conductances of dilute aqueous electrolytes with a high degree of accuracy at high temperatures and low densities. The resulting Lambda (0) values are in general agreement with those reported by Noyes (1907), Wright et al. (1961), Pearson et al. (1963), and Lukashov et al. (1975) for densities that range from 0.7 to 0.3 g.cm(-3) at comparable conditions. However, when compared to values reported by Frantz and Marshall (1984), the new results are in agreement at densities (rho) > 0.5 g.cm(-3), but from 0.5 to ca. 0.4 g.cm(-3), their calculated results are 5-11% higher. Below 0.4 g.cm(-3) where the experimental uncertainties are large, the weighted values from the new study are approximately 14-35% lower. Within experimental uncertainties, the new K-A(m) values are in good agreement with the reported values from Franck (1956), Wright et al. (1961), Pearson et al. (1963), and Lukashov et al. (1975) at densities from 0.7 to 0.3 g.cm(-3) but are only in fair agreement with the Frantz and Marshall values at densities above 0.5 g.cm(-3). Below 0.5 g.cm(-3), the latter values are 0.5-2.5 log units higher than the new results. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ho, PC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw/L-2389-2016 OI Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw/0000-0002-6551-6724 NR 29 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 6 BP 1260 EP 1266 DI 10.1021/jp0029818 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 401VU UT WOS:000166950000019 ER PT J AU Balooch, M Wang, WE Kirkpatrick, JR AF Balooch, M Wang, WE Kirkpatrick, JR TI Hydrogen uptake mechanism of a silicone-rubber DEB getter mixture SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene (DEB); silicone; hydrogen diffusion and permeation ID POLYMERS AB The kinetics of the hydrogen getter 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene (DEB) blended with carbon-supported Pd (DEB-Pd/C) dispersed uniformly in silicone [DEB-Pd/C-poly(dimethyl siloxane)] were studied with a thermogravimetric method as a function of the hydrogen pressure and temperature. A diffusion-controlled reaction model was developed to explain the experimental results. The diffusion coefficient, solubility coefficient, and permeability of hydrogen through silicone rubber were determined. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.* C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Y12 Plant, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Balooch, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 425 EP 431 DI 10.1002/1099-0488(20010215)39:4<425::AID-POLB1014>3.0.CO;2-M PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 397UY UT WOS:000166716900004 ER PT J AU Maleki, H Selman, JR Dinwiddie, RB Wang, H AF Maleki, H Selman, JR Dinwiddie, RB Wang, H TI High thermal conductivity negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium-ion battery; thermal conductivity; thermal diffusivity; specific heat capacity; graphite ID CARBON INTERCALATION ANODES; LITHIUM/POLYMER BATTERY; HEAT-GENERATION; STABILITY; PERFORMANCE; DISCHARGE; LINIO2; CELLS AB Experimental thermophysical property data for composites of electrode and electrolyte materials are needed in order to provide better bases to model and/or design high thermal conductivity Li-ion cells. In this study, we have determined thermal conductivity (k) values for negative electrode (NE) materials made of synthetic graphite of various particle sizes, with varying polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) binder and carbon-black (C-Black) contents, using various levels of compression pressure. Experiments were conducted at room temperature (RT), 150 and 200 degreesC. Requirements for designing a high thermal conductivity NE-material are suggested. Detailed statistical data analysis shows that the thermal conductivity of the NE-material most strongly depends on compression pressure, followed by graphite particle size, C-Black content and finally PVDF content. The maximum k-value was achieved for the samples made of the largest graphite particles (75 mum), the smallest C-Black content (5 wt.%) and the highest compression pressure (566 kg cm(-2)). Increasing the PVDF content from 10 to 15 wt.% increased the k-values by 11-13% only. The k-values of all samples decreased with increasing temperature; at 200 degreesC, the k-values were close to each other irrespective of preparation procedure and/or raw material contents. This most likely is due to the relaxation of contact pressure among the graphite particles because of PVDF melting at 155-160 degreesC. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Motorola Inc, ESG, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. IIT, Ctr Electrochem Sci & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Maleki, H (reprint author), Motorola Inc, ESG, 1750 Belle Meade Court, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 NR 36 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 94 IS 1 BP 26 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00661-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 400TC UT WOS:000166886900005 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Wang, CY Chen, KS AF Wang, ZH Wang, CY Chen, KS TI Two-phase flow and transport in the air cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE two-phase transport; PEM fuel cells; analytical modeling; numerical simulation; water management ID CAPILLARY-POROUS MEDIA; MULTIPHASE MIXTURE MODEL; POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE; MULTICOMPONENT TRANSPORT; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; WATER; SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT AB Two-phase flow and transport of reactants and products in the air cathode of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is studied analytically and numerically. Single- and two-phase regimes of water distribution and transport are classified by a threshold current density corresponding to first appearance of liquid water at the membrane/cathode interface. When the cell operates above the threshold current density, liquid water appears and a two-phase zone forms within the porous cathode. A two-phase, multicomponent mixture model in conjunction with a finite-volume-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is applied to simulate the cathode operation in this regime. The model is able to handle the situation where a single-phase region co-exists with a two-phase zone in the air cathode. For the first time, the polarization curve as well as water and oxygen concentration distributions encompassing both single- and two-phase regimes of the air cathode are presented. Capillary action is found to be the dominant mechanism for water transport inside the two-phase zone of the hydrophilic structure. The liquid water saturation within the cathode is predicted to reach 6.3% at 1.4 A cm(-2) for dry inlet air. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Electrochem Engine Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Electrochem Engine Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Wang, Chao-Yang/C-4122-2009 NR 24 TC 592 Z9 630 U1 17 U2 160 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 94 IS 1 BP 40 EP 50 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00662-5 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 400TC UT WOS:000166886900007 ER PT J AU Di Rosa, MD Farrow, RL AF Di Rosa, MD Farrow, RL TI Temperature-dependent collisional broadening and shift of Q-branch transitions in the B <- X(0,0) band of CO perturbed by N-2, CO2 and CO SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; ultraviolet spectra; pressure broadening; pressure shift ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; COMBUSTION GASES; ABSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; STATES; NO AB We report measurements of collision broadening and shift coefficients of two-photon Q-branch transitions in the B <-- X(0,0) band of CO, at temperatures of 294, 656, and 1010 K, Using tunable Fourier-transform-limited pulses near 230 nm, we obtained high-resolution, Doppler-free spectra from a heated cell containing neat CO, or CO diluted in N-2 or CO2, at pressures up to 0.5 atm (50 kPa). Laser-induced fluorescence spectra were fit using a superposition of Voigt profiles to obtain perturber-specific, collision broadening coefficients (2 gamma). Collision shift coefficients (delta) were measured by comparing the fitted line positions to those of Doppler-free, resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionization spectra recorded simultaneously in a sample cell at low pressure (0.1 kPa). We found no dependence of 2 gamma and delta on rotational quantum state, The variation of 2 gamma (cm(-1) atm(-1)) and delta (cm(-1) atm(-1)) with temperature (T(K)) for the case of each perturber was well described by a simple power law, Our results are: 2 gamma = 0.73(295/T)(0.77), delta = -0.22(295/T)(0.53) for N-2; 2 gamma = 0.77(295/T)(0.63), delta = -0.17(295/T)(0.75) for CO2; and 2 gamma = 0.74(295/T)(0.65), delta = -0.21(295/T)(0.52) for CO. Extrapolation using the power law for 2 gammaN(2)(T) agreed with the collision broadening measured in the products of an atmospheric-pressure N-2/O-2/CH4 flame at 1950 K. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Farrow, RL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, POB 969,MS 9055, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 68 IS 4 BP 363 EP 375 PG 13 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 390ED UT WOS:000166282000002 ER PT J AU Dybowski, C Gabuda, SP Kozlova, SG Neue, G Perry, DL Terskikh, VV AF Dybowski, C Gabuda, SP Kozlova, SG Neue, G Perry, DL Terskikh, VV TI Correlation and relativistic effects in beta-PbO and other lead (II) oxides: A quantum ab initio explanation of Pb-207 NMR and XANES spectra SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lead oxides; solid-state NMR; quantum ab initio calculations; relativistic effects ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ALPHA-PBO; REFINEMENT; MONOXIDES; CHEMISTRY AB We examine correlation and relativistic effects on Ph-Ph and Pb-O interactions in beta -PbO with ab initio quantum calculations and Pb-207 NMR chemical-shift-tensor analysis, We find a covalent-like Pb2+-Pb2+ interaction accounts for many facets of the NMR spectroscopy and the X-ray absorption near-edge structure, as well as other spectroscopic properties. This covalent effect arises from the relativistic properties of the 6(P3/2(m=+/-1/2)) and 6(P3/2(m=+/-1/2)) orbitals. The existence of such interactions in lead (II) oxides of her than beta -PbO may explain NMR and optical spectra of these materials as well. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys Chem, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A OR6, Canada. Inst Inorgan Chem, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Dybowski, C (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 157 IS 1 BP 220 EP 224 DI 10.1006/jssc.2000.9079 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 413WL UT WOS:000167634500029 ER PT J AU Kim, H Olmstead, MM Chan, JY Canfield, PC Fisher, IR Henning, RW Schultz, AJ Kauzlarich, SM AF Kim, H Olmstead, MM Chan, JY Canfield, PC Fisher, IR Henning, RW Schultz, AJ Kauzlarich, SM TI Structure and physical properties of the new pseudo-binary intermetallic compound Ti-11(Sb, Sn)(8) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE pseudo-binary titanium intermetallic; Sn flux; mixed occupancy; differential site occupancy; electrical anisotropy; Pauli paramagnetic ID SITE OCCUPANCY; ZINTL PHASE; METAL; STABILIZATION; PHOSPHIDES; HYDROGEN AB The new pseudo-binary intermetallic compound, Ti-11(Sb, Sn)(8), has been synthesized by reacting Ti and Sb in a Sn flux at 1100 degreesC and its structure determined from both single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction data (orthorhombic, Pnma, Z = 4, X-ray diffraction at 90 K: a = 14.6877(6) Angstrom, b = 5.5677(2) Angstrom, 17.7207(7) Angstrom, V = 1449.14(10) Angstrom (3), neutron diffraction at room temperature: a = 14.677(6) Angstrom, b = 5.577(3) Angstrom, c = 17.716 (6) Angstrom, V = 1450(1) Angstrom). The structure contains two differently oriented repeating layers and interstitial atoms that are closely connected to make linear chains aligned along the crystal 6 axis. The compound exhibits mixed site occupancies of Sb and Sn on the anion sites. The phase width (Sb/Sn ratio = 0.98-1.40) was determined by microprobe elemental analysis, The electrical resistivity of a single crystal as a function of temperature is anisotropic (rho (//b) =1 similar to 2 x 10(-1) m Omega .cm, rho (perpendicular tob) = 0.5 x 10(-1) m Omega .cm) and confirms that this compound is metallic. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show Pauli paramagnetism. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kauzlarich, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Kauzlarich, Susan/H-1439-2011; Chan, Julia/C-5392-2008 OI Chan, Julia/0000-0003-4434-2160 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 157 IS 1 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1006/jssc.2000.9080 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 413WL UT WOS:000167634500030 ER PT J AU Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Alexandrov, IV Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ AF Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Alexandrov, IV Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ TI Influence of ECAP routes on the microstructure and properties of pure Ti SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE equal channel angular pressing; surface quality; microstructures; microhardness; anisotropy ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; EVOLUTION; SUPERPLASTICITY; MICROHARDNESS; DEFORMATION; ALUMINUM; COPPER; SIZE AB Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an innovative technique that can produce bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials in product forms large enough for structural applications. It is well known that ECAP route, defined by the sequence of orientations of the billets relative to the die during the iterative ECAP passes, significantly affects the microstructural development of the work piece. Studies reported in the literature have so far focused on fee metals such as Al and Cu. In this work, we have studied the influence of ECAP routes on the microstructures and properties of hcp commercially-pure Ti. Three ECAP routes, conventionally defined as B(A), B(C) and C, were used to process the Ti billets. Surface quality, microstructures, microhardness, tensile properties, anisotropy, and thermal stability were studied. The route B(C) is shown to be the best route for processing hcp Ti. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa 450000, Russia. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 29 TC 311 Z9 350 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 299 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01411-8 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 395BW UT WOS:000166559700007 ER PT J AU Beckman, S Cook, BA Akinc, M AF Beckman, S Cook, BA Akinc, M TI An analysis of electrical resistivity of compositions within the Mo-Si-B ternary system part II: Multi-phase composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE electrical resistivity; molybdenum silicide; composites ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MOLYBDENUM AB The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity between 25 and 1500 degreesC was determined for several multiphase composites within the Mo-Si-B system. The electrical behavior of these composites is determined by that of the single phase components and can be characterized as representative of semimetallic behavior. A predictive model for the resistivity of composites based on the properties of the single phase benchmark compounds was developed based on a logarithmic rule-of-mixture relationship. Error values for the model were calculated based on experimental error in the determination of volume fraction, porosity, and resistivity of each phase as a function of temperature. Experimental resistivity values for multiphase compositions within the Mo5Si3-MoSi2, Mo(5)Si(3)Bx (T1)-MoB-MoSi2, and Mo(5)Si(3)Bx-Mo5SiB2 (T2)-Mo3Si phase fields are shown to be in good agreement with the model to within one standard deviation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cook, BA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 299 IS 1-2 BP 94 EP 104 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01410-6 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 395BW UT WOS:000166559700011 ER PT J AU Moller, P Madland, DG Sierk, AJ Iwamoto, A AF Moller, P Madland, DG Sierk, AJ Iwamoto, A TI Nuclear fission modes and fragment mass asymmetries in a five-dimensional deformation space SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE MASSES; SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HEAVIEST ELEMENTS; HEAVY; BARRIERS; ACTINIDES; FUSION AB Nuclei undergoing fission can be described by a multi-dimensional potential-energy surface that guides the nuclear shape evolution-from the ground state, through intermediate saddle points and finally to the configurations of separated fission fragments. Until now, calculations have lacked adequate exploration of the shape parameterization of sufficient dimensionality to yield features in the potential-energy surface (such as multiple minima, valleys, saddle points and ridges) that correspond to characteristic observables of the fission process. Here we calculate and analyse five-dimensional potential-energy landscapes based on a grid of 2,610,885 deformation points. We rnd that observed fission features-such as the distributions of fission fragment mass and kinetic energy, and the different energy thresholds for symmetric and asymmetric fission-are very closely related to topological features in the calculated five-dimensional energy landscapes. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Dept Mat Sci, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Moller, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 187 Z9 188 U1 1 U2 10 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6822 BP 785 EP 790 DI 10.1038/35057204 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401QC UT WOS:000166938800031 PM 11236985 ER PT J AU Lander, ES Int Human Genome Sequencing Consortium Linton, LM Birren, B Nusbaum, C Zody, MC Baldwin, J Devon, K Dewar, K Doyle, M FitzHugh, W Funke, R Gage, D Harris, K Heaford, A Howland, J Kann, L Lehoczky, J LeVine, R McEwan, P McKernan, K Meldrim, J Mesirov, JP Miranda, C Morris, W Naylor, J Raymond, C Rosetti, M Santos, R Sheridan, A Sougnez, C Stange-Thomann, N Stojanovic, N Subramanian, A Wyman, D Rogers, J Sulston, J Ainscough, R Beck, S Bentley, D Burton, J Clee, C Carter, N Coulson, A Deadman, R Deloukas, P Dunham, A Dunham, I Durbin, R French, L Grafham, D Gregory, S Hubbard, T Humphray, S Hunt, A Jones, M Lloyd, C McMurray, A Matthews, L Mercer, S Milne, S Mullikin, JC Mungall, A Plumb, R Ross, M Shownkeen, R Sims, S Waterston, RH Wilson, RK Hillier, LW McPherson, JD Marra, MA Mardis, ER Fulton, LA Chinwalla, AT Pepin, KH Gish, WR Chissoe, SL Wendl, MC Delehaunty, KD Miner, TL Delehaunty, A Kramer, JB Cook, LL Fulton, RS Johnson, DL Minx, PJ Clifton, SW Hawkins, T Branscomb, E Predki, P Richardson, P Wenning, S Slezak, T Doggett, N Cheng, JF Olsen, A Lucas, S Elkin, C Uberbacher, E Frazier, M Gibbs, RA Muzny, DM Scherer, SE Bouck, JB Sodergren, EJ Worley, KC Rives, CM Gorrell, JH Metzker, ML Naylor, SL Kucherlapati, RS Nelson, DL Weinstock, GM Sakaki, Y Fujiyama, A Hattori, M Yada, T Toyoda, A Itoh, T Kawagoe, C Watanabe, H Totoki, Y Taylor, T Weissenbach, J Heilig, R Saurin, W Artiguenave, F Brottier, P Bruls, T Pelletier, E Robert, C Wincker, P Rosenthal, A Platzer, M Nyakatura, G Taudien, S Rump, A Yang, HM Yu, J Wang, J Huang, GY Gu, J Hood, L Rowen, L Madan, A Qin, SZ Davis, RW Federspiel, NA Abola, AP Proctor, MJ Myers, RM Schmutz, J Dickson, M Grimwood, J Cox, DR Olson, MV Kaul, R Raymond, C Shimizu, N Kawasaki, K Minoshima, S Evans, GA Athanasiou, M Schultz, R Roe, BA Chen, F Pan, HQ Ramser, J Lehrach, H Reinhardt, R McCombie, WR de la Bastide, M Dedhia, N Blocker, H Hornischer, K Nordsiek, G Agarwala, R Aravind, L Bailey, JA Bateman, A Batzoglou, S Birney, E Bork, P Brown, DG Burge, CB Cerutti, L Chen, HC Church, D Clamp, M Copley, RR Doerks, T Eddy, SR Eichler, EE Furey, TS Galagan, J Gilbert, JGR Harmon, C Hayashizaki, Y Haussler, D Hermjakob, H Hokamp, K Jang, WH Johnson, LS Jones, TA Kasif, S Kaspryzk, A Kennedy, S Kent, WJ Kitts, P Koonin, EV Korf, I Kulp, D Lancet, D Lowe, TM McLysaght, A Mikkelsen, T Moran, JV Mulder, N Pollara, VJ Ponting, CP Schuler, G Schultz, JR Slater, G Smit, AFA Stupka, E Szustakowki, J Thierry-Mieg, D Thierry-Mieg, J Wagner, L Wallis, J Wheeler, R Williams, A Wolf, YI Wolfe, KH Yang, SP Yeh, RF Collins, F Guyer, MS Peterson, J Felsenfeld, A Wetterstrand, KA Patrinos, A Morgan, MJ AF Lander, ES Int Human Genome Sequencing Consortium Linton, LM Birren, B Nusbaum, C Zody, MC Baldwin, J Devon, K Dewar, K Doyle, M FitzHugh, W Funke, R Gage, D Harris, K Heaford, A Howland, J Kann, L Lehoczky, J LeVine, R McEwan, P McKernan, K Meldrim, J Mesirov, JP Miranda, C Morris, W Naylor, J Raymond, C Rosetti, M Santos, R Sheridan, A Sougnez, C Stange-Thomann, N Stojanovic, N Subramanian, A Wyman, D Rogers, J Sulston, J Ainscough, R Beck, S Bentley, D Burton, J Clee, C Carter, N Coulson, A Deadman, R Deloukas, P Dunham, A Dunham, I Durbin, R French, L Grafham, D Gregory, S Hubbard, T Humphray, S Hunt, A Jones, M Lloyd, C McMurray, A Matthews, L Mercer, S Milne, S Mullikin, JC Mungall, A Plumb, R Ross, M Shownkeen, R Sims, S Waterston, RH Wilson, RK Hillier, LW McPherson, JD Marra, MA Mardis, ER Fulton, LA Chinwalla, AT Pepin, KH Gish, WR Chissoe, SL Wendl, MC Delehaunty, KD Miner, TL Delehaunty, A Kramer, JB Cook, LL Fulton, RS Johnson, DL Minx, PJ Clifton, SW Hawkins, T Branscomb, E Predki, P Richardson, P Wenning, S Slezak, T Doggett, N Cheng, JF Olsen, A Lucas, S Elkin, C Uberbacher, E Frazier, M Gibbs, RA Muzny, DM Scherer, SE Bouck, JB Sodergren, EJ Worley, KC Rives, CM Gorrell, JH Metzker, ML Naylor, SL Kucherlapati, RS Nelson, DL Weinstock, GM Sakaki, Y Fujiyama, A Hattori, M Yada, T Toyoda, A Itoh, T Kawagoe, C Watanabe, H Totoki, Y Taylor, T Weissenbach, J Heilig, R Saurin, W Artiguenave, F Brottier, P Bruls, T Pelletier, E Robert, C Wincker, P Rosenthal, A Platzer, M Nyakatura, G Taudien, S Rump, A Yang, HM Yu, J Wang, J Huang, GY Gu, J Hood, L Rowen, L Madan, A Qin, SZ Davis, RW Federspiel, NA Abola, AP Proctor, MJ Myers, RM Schmutz, J Dickson, M Grimwood, J Cox, DR Olson, MV Kaul, R Raymond, C Shimizu, N Kawasaki, K Minoshima, S Evans, GA Athanasiou, M Schultz, R Roe, BA Chen, F Pan, HQ Ramser, J Lehrach, H Reinhardt, R McCombie, WR de la Bastide, M Dedhia, N Blocker, H Hornischer, K Nordsiek, G Agarwala, R Aravind, L Bailey, JA Bateman, A Batzoglou, S Birney, E Bork, P Brown, DG Burge, CB Cerutti, L Chen, HC Church, D Clamp, M Copley, RR Doerks, T Eddy, SR Eichler, EE Furey, TS Galagan, J Gilbert, JGR Harmon, C Hayashizaki, Y Haussler, D Hermjakob, H Hokamp, K Jang, WH Johnson, LS Jones, TA Kasif, S Kaspryzk, A Kennedy, S Kent, WJ Kitts, P Koonin, EV Korf, I Kulp, D Lancet, D Lowe, TM McLysaght, A Mikkelsen, T Moran, JV Mulder, N Pollara, VJ Ponting, CP Schuler, G Schultz, JR Slater, G Smit, AFA Stupka, E Szustakowki, J Thierry-Mieg, D Thierry-Mieg, J Wagner, L Wallis, J Wheeler, R Williams, A Wolf, YI Wolfe, KH Yang, SP Yeh, RF Collins, F Guyer, MS Peterson, J Felsenfeld, A Wetterstrand, KA Patrinos, A Morgan, MJ CA Int Human Genome Sequencing Conso TI Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome SO NATURE LA English DT Review ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR GENES; HIGH-FREQUENCY RETROTRANSPOSITION; ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME LIBRARIES; FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; WILLIAMS-BEUREN-SYNDROME; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; DNA REGULATORY MOTIFS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES AB The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence. C1 Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England. Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA. RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France. CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France. Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China. Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany. MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp,Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland. Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel. Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Human Anat & Genet, MRC, Funct Genet Unit, Oxford OX1 3QX, England. Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US DOE, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London NW1 2BE, England. RP Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, 9 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM lander@genome.wi.mit.edu; jes@sanger.ac.uk; bwaterst@watson.wustl.edu; fc23a@nih.gov RI Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Stupka, Elia/J-6279-2012; Deloukas, Panos/B-2922-2013; Bork, Peer/F-1813-2013; Tang, Macy/B-9798-2014; Itoh, Takehiko/E-8873-2014; Smith, Andy/A-7512-2011; Duan, Yanwu/A-5786-2015; Marra, Marco/B-5987-2008; Hattori, Masahira/C-6958-2016; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; THIERRY-MIEG, Jean/F-1975-2017; Wendl, Michael/A-2741-2008; Mikkelsen, Tarjei/A-1306-2007; Schultz, Joerg/B-9346-2008; Hubbard, Tim/C-2567-2008; Taylor, Todd/A-7121-2009; Wolfe, Kenneth/B-4653-2009; Hokamp, Karsten/C-5534-2009; Li, Wei/A-8544-2009; Li, Shuangding/C-1455-2011; Bateman, Alex/E-6518-2011; Glockner, Gernot/A-7800-2010; Gish, Warren/C-8123-2012; Santoyo-Lopez, Javier/C-9714-2012; 郑, 征/C-8514-2011 OI Rump, Andreas/0000-0001-7116-6364; Qureshi, Matloob/0000-0003-2208-4236; Birney, Ewan/0000-0001-8314-8497; Martin, Sancha/0000-0001-6213-5259; Hermjakob, Henning/0000-0001-8479-0262; Ponting, Chris/0000-0003-0202-7816; Wolfe, Kenneth/0000-0003-4992-4979; Glusman, Gustavo/0000-0001-8060-5955; Eddy, Sean/0000-0001-6676-4706; McLysaght, Aoife/0000-0003-2552-6220; Galagan, James/0000-0003-0542-3291; Furey, Terry/0000-0001-5546-9672; Durbin, Richard/0000-0002-9130-1006; Stupka, Elia/0000-0003-3154-4011; Hunt, Adrienne/0000-0002-1227-0310; Dunham, Ian/0000-0003-2525-5598; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Bateman, Alex/0000-0002-6982-4660; McCombie, W. Richard/0000-0003-1899-0682; Schultz, Brian/0000-0003-4964-976X; Deloukas, Panos/0000-0001-9251-070X; Bork, Peer/0000-0002-2627-833X; Smith, Andy/0000-0001-8580-278X; Duan, Yanwu/0000-0002-6000-0534; Hattori, Masahira/0000-0001-9467-0344; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; THIERRY-MIEG, Jean/0000-0002-0396-6789; Gilbert, James/0000-0001-8079-3159; McKernan, Kevin/0000-0002-3908-1122; Baum, Dana/0000-0002-2777-1708; Mikkelsen, Tarjei/0000-0002-8133-3135; Hubbard, Tim/0000-0002-1767-9318; Taylor, Todd/0000-0003-4247-6253; Glockner, Gernot/0000-0002-9061-1061; Santoyo-Lopez, Javier/0000-0003-1988-5059; FU NHGRI NIH HHS [U54 HG003273] NR 449 TC 12305 Z9 12860 U1 254 U2 1980 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6822 BP 860 EP 921 DI 10.1038/35057062 PG 62 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401QC UT WOS:000166938800058 PM 11237011 ER PT J AU McPherson, JD Marra, M Hillier, L Waterston, RH Chinwalla, A Wallis, J Sekhon, M Wylie, K Mardis, ER Wilson, RK Fulton, R Kucaba, TA Wagner-McPherson, C Barbazuk, WB Gregory, SG Humphray, SJ French, L Evans, RS Bethel, G Whittaker, A Holden, JL McCann, OT Dunham, A Soderlund, C Scott, CE Bentley, DR Schuler, G Chen, HC Jang, WH Green, ED Idol, JR Maduro, VVB Montgomery, KT Lee, E Miller, A Emerling, S Kucherlapati, R Gibbs, R Scherer, S Gorrell, JH Sodergren, E Clerc-Blankenburg, K Tabor, P Naylor, S Garcia, D de Jong, PJ Catanese, JJ Nowak, N Osoegawa, K Qin, SZ Rowen, L Madan, A Dors, M Hood, L Trask, B Friedman, C Massa, H Cheung, VG Kirsch, IR Reid, T Yonescu, R Weissenbach, J Bruls, T Heilig, R Branscomb, E Olsen, A Doggett, N Cheng, JF Hawkins, T Myers, RM Shang, J Ramirez, L Schmutz, J Velasquez, O Dixon, K Stone, NE Cox, DR Haussler, D Kent, WJ Furey, T Rogic, S Kennedy, S Jones, S Rosenthal, A Wen, GP Schilhabel, M Gloeckner, G Nyakatura, G Siebert, R Schlegelberger, B Korenburg, J Chen, XN Fujiyama, A Hattori, M Toyoda, A Yada, T Park, HS Sakaki, Y Shimizu, N Asakawa, S Kawasaki, K Sasaki, T Shintani, A Shimizu, A Shibuya, K Kudoh, J Minoshima, S Ramser, J Seranski, P Hoff, C Poustka, A Reinhardt, R Lehrach, H AF McPherson, JD Marra, M Hillier, L Waterston, RH Chinwalla, A Wallis, J Sekhon, M Wylie, K Mardis, ER Wilson, RK Fulton, R Kucaba, TA Wagner-McPherson, C Barbazuk, WB Gregory, SG Humphray, SJ French, L Evans, RS Bethel, G Whittaker, A Holden, JL McCann, OT Dunham, A Soderlund, C Scott, CE Bentley, DR Schuler, G Chen, HC Jang, WH Green, ED Idol, JR Maduro, VVB Montgomery, KT Lee, E Miller, A Emerling, S Kucherlapati, R Gibbs, R Scherer, S Gorrell, JH Sodergren, E Clerc-Blankenburg, K Tabor, P Naylor, S Garcia, D de Jong, PJ Catanese, JJ Nowak, N Osoegawa, K Qin, SZ Rowen, L Madan, A Dors, M Hood, L Trask, B Friedman, C Massa, H Cheung, VG Kirsch, IR Reid, T Yonescu, R Weissenbach, J Bruls, T Heilig, R Branscomb, E Olsen, A Doggett, N Cheng, JF Hawkins, T Myers, RM Shang, J Ramirez, L Schmutz, J Velasquez, O Dixon, K Stone, NE Cox, DR Haussler, D Kent, WJ Furey, T Rogic, S Kennedy, S Jones, S Rosenthal, A Wen, GP Schilhabel, M Gloeckner, G Nyakatura, G Siebert, R Schlegelberger, B Korenburg, J Chen, XN Fujiyama, A Hattori, M Toyoda, A Yada, T Park, HS Sakaki, Y Shimizu, N Asakawa, S Kawasaki, K Sasaki, T Shintani, A Shimizu, A Shibuya, K Kudoh, J Minoshima, S Ramser, J Seranski, P Hoff, C Poustka, A Reinhardt, R Lehrach, H CA Int Human Genome Mapping Consortiu TI A physical map of the human genome SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; DNA-SEQUENCE; CHROMOSOME; HYBRIDIZATION; FRAGMENTS; SHOTGUN; CONTIGS; VECTOR; CLONES; GENES AB The human genome is by far the largest genome to be sequenced, and its size and complexity present many challenges for sequence assembly. The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium constructed a map of the whole genome to enable the selection of clones for sequencing and for the accurate assembly of the genome sequence. Here we report the construction of the whole-genome bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) map and its integration with previous landmark maps and information from mapping efforts focused on specific chromosomal regions. We also describe the integration of sequence data with the map. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Inst, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Penn, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NCI, Dept Genet, Med Branch, Washington, DC USA. Genoscope, Ctr Natl Sequencage, F-91057 Evry, France. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. British Columbia Canc Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany. Univ Kiel, Inst Human Genet, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan. Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Deutsch Krebsforschungszentrum, Abt Mol Genomanal, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP McPherson, JD (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Genet, 4444 Forest Pk Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. EM jmcphers@watson.wustl.edu RI Siebert, Reiner/A-8049-2010; Glockner, Gernot/A-7800-2010; Tang, Macy/B-9798-2014; Marra, Marco/B-5987-2008; Hattori, Masahira/C-6958-2016; Jones, Steven/C-3621-2009 OI Glockner, Gernot/0000-0002-9061-1061; Hattori, Masahira/0000-0001-9467-0344; NR 46 TC 541 Z9 565 U1 3 U2 36 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6822 BP 934 EP 941 DI 10.1038/35057157 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401QC UT WOS:000166938800061 PM 11237014 ER PT J AU Yu, A Zhao, CF Fan, Y Jang, WH Mungall, AJ Deloukas, P Olsen, A Doggett, NA Ghebranious, N Broman, KW Weber, JL AF Yu, A Zhao, CF Fan, Y Jang, WH Mungall, AJ Deloukas, P Olsen, A Doggett, NA Ghebranious, N Broman, KW Weber, JL TI Comparison of human genetic and sequence-based physical maps SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION ANALYSIS; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME 22; HUMAN GENOME; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; DNA-SEQUENCE; INTEGRATION; CROSSOVER; REPEATS; REGION AB Recombination is the exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis. The rate of recombination per nucleotide, which profoundly affects the evolution of chromosomal segments, is calculated by comparing genetic and physical maps. Human physical maps have been constructed using cytogenetics(1), overlapping DNA clones(2) and radiation hybrids(3); but the ultimate and by far the most accurate physical map is the actual nucleotide sequence. The completion of the draft human genomic sequence(4) provides us with the best opportunity yet to compare the genetic and physical maps. Here we describe our estimates of female, male and sex-average recombination rates for about 60% of the genome. Recombination rates varied greatly along each chromosome, from 0 to at least 9 centiMorgans per megabase (cM Mb(-1)). Among several sequence and marker parameters tested, only relative marker position along the metacentric chromosomes in males correlated strongly with recombination rate. We identified several chromosomal regions up to 6 Mb in length with particularly low (deserts) or high (jungles) recombination rates. Linkage disequilibrium was much more common and extended for greater distances in the deserts than in the jungles. C1 Marshfield Med Res Fdn, Ctr Med Genet, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. Sanger Ctr, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Weber, JL (reprint author), Marshfield Med Res Fdn, Ctr Med Genet, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM weberj@cmg.mfldclin.edu RI Deloukas, Panos/B-2922-2013 OI Deloukas, Panos/0000-0001-9251-070X NR 30 TC 201 Z9 207 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6822 BP 951 EP 953 DI 10.1038/35057185 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401QC UT WOS:000166938800067 PM 11237020 ER PT J AU Cheung, VG Nowak, N Jang, W Kirsch, IR Zhao, S Chen, XN Furey, TS Kim, UJ Kuo, WL Olivier, M Conroy, J Kasprzyk, A Massa, H Yonescu, R Sait, S Thoreen, C Snijders, A Lemyre, E Bailey, JA Bruzel, A Burrill, WD Clegg, SM Collins, S Dhami, P Friedman, C Han, CS Herrick, S Lee, J Ligon, AH Lowry, S Morley, M Narasimhan, S Osoegawa, K Peng, Z Plajzer-Frick, I Quade, BJ Scott, D Sirotkin, K Thorpe, AA Gray, JW Hudson, J Pinkel, D Ried, T Rowen, L Shen-Ong, GL Strausberg, RL Birney, E Callen, DF Cheng, JF Cox, DR Doggett, NA Carter, NP Eichler, EE Haussler, D Korenberg, JR Morton, CC Albertson, D Schuler, G de Jong, PJ Trask, BJ AF Cheung, VG Nowak, N Jang, W Kirsch, IR Zhao, S Chen, XN Furey, TS Kim, UJ Kuo, WL Olivier, M Conroy, J Kasprzyk, A Massa, H Yonescu, R Sait, S Thoreen, C Snijders, A Lemyre, E Bailey, JA Bruzel, A Burrill, WD Clegg, SM Collins, S Dhami, P Friedman, C Han, CS Herrick, S Lee, J Ligon, AH Lowry, S Morley, M Narasimhan, S Osoegawa, K Peng, Z Plajzer-Frick, I Quade, BJ Scott, D Sirotkin, K Thorpe, AA Gray, JW Hudson, J Pinkel, D Ried, T Rowen, L Shen-Ong, GL Strausberg, RL Birney, E Callen, DF Cheng, JF Cox, DR Doggett, NA Carter, NP Eichler, EE Haussler, D Korenberg, JR Morton, CC Albertson, D Schuler, G de Jong, PJ Trask, BJ CA BAC Resource Consortium TI Integration of cytogenetic landmarks into the draft sequence of the human genome SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; PHYSICAL MAPS; RESOURCE; CLONES AB We have placed 7,600 cytogenetically defined landmarks on the draft sequence of the human genome to help with the characterization of genes altered by gross chromosomal aberrations that cause human disease. The landmarks are large-insert clones mapped to chromosome bands by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Each clone contains a sequence tag that is positioned on the genomic sequence. This genome-wide set of sequence-anchored clones allows structural and functional analyses of the genome. This resource represents the first comprehensive integration of cytogenetic, radiation hybrid, linkage and sequence maps of the human genome; provides an independent validation of the sequence map(1,2) and framework for contig order and orientation; surveys the genome for large-scale duplications, which are likely to require special attention during sequence assembly; and allows a stringent assessment of sequence differences between the dark and light bands of chromosomes. It also provides insight into large-scale chromatin structure and the evolution of chromosomes and gene families and will accelerate our understanding of the molecular bases of human disease and cancer. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Penn, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Dept Biol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Stanford Univ, Genome Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Sanger Ctr, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. Univ Washington, Dept Mol Biotechnol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Human Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Res Genet Inc, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Womens & Childrens Hosp, Dept Cytogenet & Mol Genet, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Trask, BJ (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1100 Fairview Ave N C3-168,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM btrask@fhcrc.org RI Callen, David/G-1975-2012; Shen-Ong, Grace/C-8327-2014; OI Callen, David/0000-0002-6189-9991 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM061354] NR 30 TC 212 Z9 217 U1 2 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6822 BP 953 EP 958 DI 10.1038/35057192 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401QC UT WOS:000166938800068 PM 11237021 ER PT J AU Kliner, DAV Koplow, JP Goldberg, L Carter, ALG Digweed, JA AF Kliner, DAV Koplow, JP Goldberg, L Carter, ALG Digweed, JA TI Polarization-maintaining amplifier employing double-clad bow-tie fiber SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASERS AB We report a polarization-maintaining double-clad Yb-doped fiber amplifier employing bow-tie fiber. Borosilicate stress elements were incorporated into the inner cladding of the fiber, yielding a beat length of 5.1 mm at 633 nm. When the fiber was pumped at 975 nm and seeded with linearly polarized light, the polarization extinction ratio was >15 dB, independent of pump power, and the output power was as high as 3.5 W. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 060.2320, 060.2420. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Redfern Fibres, Eveleigh, NSW 1430, Australia. RP Kliner, DAV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 184 EP 186 DI 10.1364/OL.26.000184 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 402FY UT WOS:000166976400002 PM 18033541 ER PT J AU Adams, JJ Ebbers, CA Schaffers, KI Payne, SA AF Adams, JJ Ebbers, CA Schaffers, KI Payne, SA TI Nonlinear optical properties of LaCa4O(BO3)(3) SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MATCHED 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; CRYSTAL; CA4GDO(BO3)(3); LASER AB We have grown LaCa4O(BO3)(3) (LaCOB), an isostructural member of GdCa4O(BO3)(3) (GdCOB) family and characterized its nonlinear optical properties. At 1064 nm, d(eff) of 0.52 +/- 0.05 pm/V and an angular sensitivity of 1224 +/- 184 (cm rad)(-1) for type I frequency doubling in LaCOB were determined relative to those of KTiOPO4, beta -BaB2O4, KD2PO4, LiB3O5, YCa4O(BO3)(3) (YCOB), and GdCOB. The d(alpha beta beta) and d(gamma beta beta) coefficients of the non-linear optical tensor for LaCOB, GdCOB, and YCOB were determined to be equivalent within the experimental uncertainty and have values of /0.26 +/- 0.04/pm/V and /1.69 +/- 0.17/ pm/V, respectively. From phase-matching angle measurements at 1064 and 1047 nm, we predict that LaCOB is noncritically phase matched at 1042 +/- 1.5 nm. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 190.0190, 190.4400, 190.2620, 190.7070. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Adams, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-482,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 12 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 217 EP 219 DI 10.1364/OL.26.000217 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 402FY UT WOS:000166976400013 PM 18033552 ER PT J AU Taylor, RE AF Taylor, RE TI The discovery of the point-like structure of matter SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE electron-proton scattering; deep inelastic scattering; SLAC-MIT Collaboration; proton structure functions; quarks; QCD AB About 30 years ago, experiments began to confirm the hypothesis that protons (and the other hadrons) could be treated as composites of much smaller 'point-like' elements. Electron-proton scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center played a prominent role in the shifting view of hadron structure. In this paper, I have tried to convey some flavour of our experimental efforts and our interactions with theorists both before and during the experiments. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. RP Taylor, RE (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 4349,M-S 96, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 2 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 359 IS 1779 BP 225 EP 240 DI 10.1098/rsta.2000.0723 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 404BK UT WOS:000167077400002 ER PT J AU Montgomery, HE AF Montgomery, HE TI Proton structure in proton-antiproton collisions SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE proton; collide; partons; antiproton; Tevatron; quarks ID JET CROSS-SECTION; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; COMPOSITENESS SCALES; ROOT-S=1.8TEV; SINGULARITY; LIMITS AB Proton-antiproton collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider currently offer the highest-energy collisions available in the laboratory. In this paper we briefly discuss measurements which are sensitive to the internal structure of the proton. We also describe measurements which search for substructure in the partons, the quarks and gluons which form the proton. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Montgomery, HE (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 359 IS 1779 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1098/rsta.2000.0726 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 404BK UT WOS:000167077400005 ER PT J AU Chang, SC Shrock, R AF Chang, SC Shrock, R TI Ground state entropy of the Potts antiferromagnet on strips of the square lattice SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article ID T=0 PARTITION-FUNCTIONS; CHROMATIC POLYNOMIALS; ASYMPTOTIC LIMITS; LOWER BOUNDS; GRAPHS; FAMILIES; DEGENERACY; MODELS; SERIES; ZEROS AB We present exact solutions for the zero-temperature partition function (chromatic polynomial P) and the ground state degeneracy per site W (= exponent of the ground-state entropy) for the q-state Potts antiferromagnet on strips of the square lattice of width L-y vertices and arbitrarily great length L-x vertices. The specific solutions are for (a) L-v = 4, (FBCy, PBCx) (cyclic); (b) L-y = 4, (FBCy, TPBCx) (Mobius); (c) L-y = 5, 6, (PBCy, FBCx) (cylindrical); and (d) L-y = 5, (FBCy, FBCx) (open), where FBC, PBC, and TPBC denote free, periodic, and twisted periodic boundary conditions, respectively. In the L-x --> infinity limit of each strip we discuss the analytic structure of W in the complex q plane. The respective W functions are evaluated numerically for various values of q. Several inferences are presented for the chromatic polynomials and analytic structure of W for lattice strips with arbitrarily great L-y. The absence of a nonpathological L-x --> infinity limit for real nonintegral q in the interval 0 < q < 3 (0 < q < 4) for strips of the square (triangular) lattice is discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Shrock, R (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 56 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 290 IS 3-4 BP 402 EP 430 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00457-X PG 29 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 400VE UT WOS:000166891700007 ER PT J AU Bayindir, M Ozbay, E Temelkuran, B Sigalas, MM Soukoulis, CM Biswas, R Ho, KM AF Bayindir, M Ozbay, E Temelkuran, B Sigalas, MM Soukoulis, CM Biswas, R Ho, KM TI Guiding, bending, and splitting of electromagnetic waves in highly confined photonic crystal waveguides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION; WAVELENGTHS; LIGHT AB We have experimentally demonstrated the guiding, bending, and splitting of electromagnetic (EM) waves in highly confined waveguides built around three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic crystals by removing a single rod. Full transmission of the EM waves was observed for straight and bended waveguides. We also investigated the power splitter structures in which the input EM power could be efficiently divided into the output waveguide ports. The experimental results. dispersion relation and photon lifetime, were analyzed with a theory based on the tight-binding photon picture. Our results provide an important tool for designing photonic crystal based optoelectronic components. C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06533 Ankara, Turkey. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Agilent Technol, Agilent Labs, Commun & Opt Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bayindir, M (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06533 Ankara, Turkey. EM bayindir@fen.bilkent.edu.tr RI Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 30 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 081107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.081107 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500007 ER PT J AU Benedict, LX AF Benedict, LX TI Dielectric function for a model of laser-excited GaAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; ELECTRON-HOLE INTERACTION; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; BAND-STRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SPECTRUM; ENERGY; GAP; SI AB We consider a model for the ultrashort pulsed-laser excitation of GaAs in which electrons are excited from the top of the valence band to the bottom of the conduction band. The linear optical response of this excited system in the visible and near-UV is calculated by solving a statically screened Bethe-Salpeter equation. Single-particle electron energies and wave functions are taken from ab initio electronic structure calculations. The screened electron-hole interaction W is calculated with a model dielectric function which includes the excited carriers. Though band-gap renormalization is neglected, dramatic changes are observed in the shape of epsilon (2)(omega) due to Pauli blocking and the enhanced screening of W. We estimate the error incurred in the static screening approximation by performing static screening calculations with the assumption that the excited carriers respond too slowly to screen W. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Div H, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Benedict, LX (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Div H, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 075202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.075202 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500046 ER PT J AU Caspersen, KJ Stoldt, CR Layson, AR Bartelt, MC Thiel, PA Evans, JW AF Caspersen, KJ Stoldt, CR Layson, AR Bartelt, MC Thiel, PA Evans, JW TI Morphology of multilayer Ag/Ag(100) films versus deposition temperature: STM analysis and atomistic lattice-gas modeling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FROM-EQUILIBRIUM NANOSTRUCTURES; THIN-FILMS; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; DIFFUSION-BARRIERS; SELF-DIFFUSION; EDGE DIFFUSION; METAL-SURFACES; STEP FORMATION; SMOOTH GROWTH AB Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to analyze the nanoscale morphology of 25 ML films of Ag deposited on Ag(100) at temperatures (T) between 55 and 300 K. A transition from self-affine growth to "mound formation" occurs as T increases above: about 140 K. The roughness decreases with increasing T up until 140 K in the self-affine growth regime, and then increases until about 210 K before decreasing again in the mounding regime. We analyze mounding behavior via a lattice-gas model incorporating: downward funneling of depositing atoms from step edges to lower fourfold hollow adsorption sites; terrace diffusion of adatoms with a barrier of 0.40 eV leading to irreversible island formation in each layer; efficient transport of adatoms along island edges to kink sites, and downward thermal transport of adatoms inhibited by a step-edge barrier of 0.06-0.07 eV along close-packed step edges (but with no barrier along kinked or open steps). This model reasonably recovers the T-dependence of not just the roughness, but also of the mound slopes and lateral dimensions above 190 K. To accurately describe lateral dimensions, an appropriate treatment of the intralayer merging of growing islands is shown to be critical. To describe behavior below 190 K, one must account for inhibited rounding of kinks by adatoms at island edges, as this controls island shapes, and thus the extent of open steps and of easy downward transport. Elsewhere. we describe the low-T regime of self-affine growth (with no terrace diffusion) accounting for a breakdown of the simple downward funneling picture. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Stoldt, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 60 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 085401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.085401 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500067 ER PT J AU de Abajo, FJG Van Hove, MA Fadley, CS AF de Abajo, FJG Van Hove, MA Fadley, CS TI Multiple scattering of electrons in solids and molecules: A cluster-model approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CURVED-WAVE THEORY; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FINE-STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; AZIMUTHAL ANISOTROPY; EXAFS CALCULATIONS; OXYGEN; AUGER AB A method for the simulation of electron scattering and diffraction in solids and molecules within the cluster approach is presented with explicit applications to photoelectron diffraction, electron scattering in molecules, and low-energy electron diffraction. No approximations are made beyond the muffin-tin model, and, in particular, an exact representation of the free-electron Green function is used. All multiple-scattering paths are accounted for up to an order of scattering that ensures convergence. The method relies upon a convenient separation of the free-electron Green function in rotation matrices and translations along the; axis, which greatly reduces the computation time and storage demand. The evaluation of the multiple-scattering expansion is implemented using the fully convergent recursion method, which permits one to perform an iterative refinement of the final-state wave function, as expressed in the basis set of spherical harmonics attached to each atom of the cluster. Examples are offered in which the direct multiple-scattering expansion and the more elaborated simultaneous relaxation method fail to converge, whereas the recursion method leads to convergence. The computation time needed by the resulting computer program of electron diffraction in atomic clusters to determine the self-consistently scattered wave function is proportional to N-2(l(max)+1)(3), where N is the number of atoms in the cluster and I,, is the maximum angular momentum for which the scattering phase shifts take non-negligible values. Within this method it is possible to establish that in practical cases N> 1000 might be needed for a convergence of the cluster size, although the angular averaging inherent in many experiments may reduce this. The recursion method was also modified to reduce the effort in computing angular distributions of photoelectrons and low-energy diffracted electrons, which now require negligible time for each angle of emission once the wave function has been determined for a given electron energy. Angle and energy distributions of core-level photoemission, elastic scattering of electrons from a foe molecule, and low-energy electron diffraction in large-unit-cell surfaces are calculated. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UPV, EHU, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, San Sebastian, Spain. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP de Abajo, FJG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jga@sc.ehu.es RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008; Garcia de Abajo, Javier/A-6095-2009; CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921; Garcia de Abajo, Javier/0000-0002-4970-4565; NR 68 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 075404 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500072 ER PT J AU Glover, CJ Ridgway, MC Yu, KM Foran, GJ Desnica-Frankovic, D Clerc, C Hansen, JL Nylandsted-Larsen, A AF Glover, CJ Ridgway, MC Yu, KM Foran, GJ Desnica-Frankovic, D Clerc, C Hansen, JL Nylandsted-Larsen, A TI Structural-relaxation-induced bond length and bond angle changes in amorphized Ge SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; AMORPHOUS-GERMANIUM; EXAFS ANALYSIS; SILICON; CRYSTALLIZATION; SI; PROGRAM; ENERGY; ORDER AB Low-temperature structural relaxation in amorphized Ge has been characterized by extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. A relaxation-temperature-dependent decrease in the mean value and asymmetry of the interatomic distance distribution has been shown to accompany the well-documented reduction in bond angle distribution. While the initial, as-implanted state of amorphous Ge was ion-dose dependent, relaxation at 200 degreesC yielded a common ion-dose-independent interatomic distance distribution. The heat release upon structural relaxation due to reductions in both bond length and bond angle distortion was calculated separately and the former exhibited an ion-dose dependence. The results provide compelling support for the defect annihilation model of structural relaxation and imply that the heat release upon structural relaxation should be implant-condition dependent. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Dept Phys, Zagreb, Croatia. CNRS, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, Aarhus, Denmark. RP Glover, CJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Ridgway, Mark/D-9626-2011 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ridgway, Mark/0000-0002-0642-0108 NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 073204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.073204 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500013 ER PT J AU Harrison, N Balicas, L Teklu, AA Goodrich, RG Brooks, JS Cooley, JC Smith, JL AF Harrison, N Balicas, L Teklu, AA Goodrich, RG Brooks, JS Cooley, JC Smith, JL TI Mixed valence of U determined using the de Haas-van Alphen effect: Application to UxTh1-xBe13 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTORS; METAMAGNETIC TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GROUND-STATE; UBE13; THBE13; UPT3 AB de Haas-van Alphen measurements made on UxTh1-xBe13 for x less than or equal to 0.1 reveal that U enters the ThBe13 lattice as a mixed valent impurity of average valence similar to4.7, evinced by topological changes in the Fermi surface with x. This implies that U exists in the tetravalent 5f(2) configuration when diluted and that the strong correlations in UBe13 involve 5f(2)-->5f(1) transitions. Possible scenarios for the nature of the UxTh1-xBe13 ground state are discussed. C1 LANL, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Harrison, N (reprint author), LANL, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 081101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.081101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500001 ER PT J AU Hufner, S Schumann, F Rotenberg, E Tobin, J Yang, SH Mun, BS Morton, S Schafer, J Ehm, D AF Hufner, S Schumann, F Rotenberg, E Tobin, J Yang, SH Mun, BS Morton, S Schafer, J Ehm, D TI 3d and 4d resonant photoemission in Pr and Nd metal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VALENCE-BAND PHOTOEMISSION; HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUNDS; CE COMPOUNDS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ANDERSON MODEL; CERIUM SYSTEMS; FEATURES; 4F; INCONSISTENCIES AB Resonant photoemission experiments around the 3d and 4d thresholds are presented for Pr and Nd metal. The behaviors at the two thresholds are different, in that the data at the 4d edge show a prethreshold enhancement. In addition to the strong enhancement of the f(1) and f(2) final state structure: for Pr (f(2) initial state) and Nd (f(3) initial state) metals, respectively, a weak f(2)(Pr) and f(3) (Nd) final state structure is observed, starting at E-F. C1 Univ Saarlandes, Fachbereich Phys, D-66041 Saarbrucken, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Hufner, S (reprint author), Univ Saarlandes, Fachbereich Phys, D-66041 Saarbrucken, Germany. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Mun, Bongjin /G-1701-2013; Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 085106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.085106 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500029 ER PT J AU Juillet, O Fleck, S Theussl, L Richard, JM Varga, K AF Juillet, O Fleck, S Theussl, L Richard, JM Varga, K TI Lower bound on fermion binding energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HAMILTONIANS AB We derive a lower bound for the ground-state energy E-F(N,S) of N fermions with total spin S in terms of binding energies E-F(N-1,S+/-1/2) of (N-1) fermions. Numerical examples are provided for some simple short-range or confining potentials. C1 Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl, CNRS, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Sci Nucl, CNRS, IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Debrecen, Hungary. RP Juillet, O (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl, CNRS, IN2P3, 43 Blvd 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RI Varga, Kalman/A-7102-2013 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 073102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.073102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500002 ER PT J AU Ozolins, V Zunger, A AF Ozolins, V Zunger, A TI Reply to "Comment on 'First-principles theory of the evolution of vibrational properties with long-range order in GaInP2' " SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Editorial Material ID RAMAN-SCATTERING AB We show that, contrary to the assertion of Alsina er al. in the preceding Comment, the theoretically calculated phonon sequence in ordered GaInP2 does not violate the "alternation rule." Analysis of the first-principles calculated phonon dispersion shows that CuPt-ordered GaInP2 is a system where anisotropy of short-range forces is of the same magnitude as the electrostatic Coulomb interactions and the associated LO/TO splittings. We show how the phonon modes change with the degree of order, and demonstrate that our results. without revision, successfully account for the experimental infrared data. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Thin Film & Interface Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ozolins, V (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Thin Film & Interface Sci Dept, POB 969,MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Ozolins, Vidvuds/D-4578-2009 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 087202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.087202 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500088 ER PT J AU Rahmer, J Grupp, A Mehring, M Hone, J Zettl, A AF Rahmer, J Grupp, A Mehring, M Hone, J Zettl, A TI Anisotropic electronic structure of orthorhombic RbC60: A high-field ESR investigation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE; CSC60; KC60 AB The full anisotropy of the electronic g tensor of a RbC60 single crystal was determined by applying high-field ESR. The principal values of the g tensor g(xx) = 2.0014, g(yy) = 2.0012, and g(zz) = 2.0019 reflect the orthorhombic symmetry and 3D nature of this polymeric phase. C1 Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 2, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rahmer, J (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 2, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Hone, James/E-1879-2011; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Hone, James/0000-0002-8084-3301; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 081108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.081108 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500008 ER PT J AU Ruhlander, M Soukoulis, CM AF Ruhlander, M Soukoulis, CM TI Metal-insulator transitions in anisotropic two-dimensional systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS; PLATEAU TRANSITIONS; SCALING PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; LOCALIZATION; PERCOLATION; CROSSOVER AB Several phenomena related to the critical behavior of noninteracting electrons in a disordered two-dimensional tight-binding system with a magnetic field are studied. Localization lengths, critical exponents, and density of states are computed using transfer-matrix techniques. Scaling functions of isotropic systems are recovered once the dimension of the system in each direction is chosen proportional to the localization length. It is also found that the critical point is independent of the propagation direction, and that the critical exponents for the localization length for both propagating directions are equal to that of the isotropic system, nu approximate to 7/3. We also calculate the critical value Lambda (c) of the scaling function for both the isotropic and the anisotropic system. It is found that Lambda (iso)(r) = root<((x)(c)Lambda (y)(c))over bar>. Detailed numerical studies of the density of states n(E) for the isotropic system reveal that for an appreciable amount of disorder, the critical energy is off the band center. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50012 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50012 USA. RP Ruhlander, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50012 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 085103 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500026 ER PT J AU Yu, ZG Smith, DL Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR AF Yu, ZG Smith, DL Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR TI Molecular geometry fluctuations and field-dependent mobility in conjugated polymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE); TRANSPORT; MODEL; DISORDER; SOLIDS AB Many conjugated polymers exhibit an electric field-dependent mobility of approximately the Poole-Frenkel form. We propose a model to describe transport in dense films of these materials in which thermal fluctuations in the molecular geometry modify the energy levels of localized electronic charged states in the material. Based on quantum chemistry calculations we argue that the primary restoring force for these fluctuations in molecular geometry is steric in origin, which leads to spatially correlated fluctuations in the on-site energy of the charged electronic states. The phenylene ring torsion, in PPV-like conjugated polymers, is an example of this kind of spatially correlated thermal fluctuation. Using a Master equation approach to calculate the mobility, we show that the model can quantitatively explain the experimentally observed field-dependent mobility in conjugated polymers. We examine typical paths taken by carriers and find that at low fields, the paths are three-dimensional, whereas at high fields the paths become essentially one-dimensional along the applied field. Thus, one-dimensional transport models can be valid at high fields but not at low fields. Effects of deep traps, the site energy correlation length, temperature, and asymmetric and small polaron rates are studied. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yu, Z/B-5547-2009 NR 21 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 085202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.085202 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500037 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB Wei, SH Zunger, A AF Zhang, SB Wei, SH Zunger, A TI Intrinsic n-type versus p-type doping asymmetry and the defect physics of ZnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID II-VI SEMICONDUCTORS; SPRAY-PYROLYSIS; GREEN PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOSPHOR POWDERS; SELF-INTERACTION; THIN-FILMS; ZINC-OXIDE; DENSITY; GAAS AB ZnO typifies a class of materials that can be doped via native defects in only one way: either n type or p type. We explain this asymmetry in ZnO via a study of its intrinsic defect physics, including Zn-O, Zn-i, V-O, O-i, and V-Zn and n-type impurity dopants, Al and F. We find that ZnO is n type at Zn-rich conditions. This is because (i) the Zn interstitial, Zn-i, is a shallow, donor, supplying electrons; (ii) its formation enthalpy is low for both Zn-rich and O-rich conditions, so this defect is abundant; and (iii) the native defects that could compensate the n-type doping effect of Zn-i (interstitial O, O-i, and Zn vacancy, V-Zn), have high formation enthalpies for Zn-rich conditions, so these "electron killers" are not abundant. We find that ZnO cannot be doped p type via native defects (O-i, V-Zn) despite the fact that they are shallow (i.e., supplying holes at room temperature). This is because at both Zn-rich and O-rich conditions, the defects that could compensate p-type doping (V-O, Zn-i, Zn-O) have low formation enthalpies so these "hole killers" form readily. Furthermore, we identify electron-hole radiative recombination at the V-O center as the source of the green luminescence. In contrast, a large structural relaxation of the same center upon double hole capture leads to slow electron-hole recombination (either radiative or nonradiative) responsible for the slow decay of photoconductivity. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013; Wei, Zhanhua/D-7544-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860; Wei, Zhanhua/0000-0003-2687-0293 NR 41 TC 1300 Z9 1350 U1 33 U2 466 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 075205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.075205 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500049 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Geisz, JF Xin, HP Tu, CW AF Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Geisz, JF Xin, HP Tu, CW TI Discrete and continuous spectrum of nitrogen-induced bound states in heavily doped GaAs1-xNx SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANT RAMAN-SCATTERING; ALAS1-XNX ORDERED ALLOYS; ISOELECTRONIC IMPURITIES; PAIR LUMINESCENCE; GAINNAS ALLOYS; BAND-STRUCTURE; GAP-N; GAAS; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB We perform a spectroscopic study on GaAs1-xNx samples with N concentrations near an important value of x=0.1%, an intermediate concentration between the impurity limit and the alloy region. We find that near x similar to0.1%, samples exhibiting seemingly different spectra as reported in the literature and observed in our measurements actually have the same underlying electronic structure. Namely, the shallow N-induced bound states have already formed an impurity band and thus led to an observable band-gap reduction, but deeper N-related bound states persist as discrete levels below the newly formed band edge. The role of these discrete states in the formation of the new band edge on further increasing the N doping levels is discussed. We point out that although the nitrogen bound states form an impurity band in heavily N-doped GaAs, the states constituting such a newly formed band continue to retain certain localization characteristics of the impurity in the dilute limit. We observe that the impurity band gives rise to strong resonant Raman scattering, which makes it possible To obtain the resonant Raman profile near the direct band edge of this direct-gap semiconductor. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yzhang@nrel.gov NR 47 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 AR 085205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.085205 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406FD UT WOS:000167203500040 ER PT J AU Bettencourt, LMA AF Bettencourt, LMA TI Properties of the Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations for scalar fields and their application to the dynamics of second order phase transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEFECT FORMATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; STRING FORMATION; VORTEX FORMATION; SUPERFLUID HE-3; QUENCH; DISSIPATION; DENSITY; ANALOG; PIECES AB I consider several Langevin and Fokker-Planck classes of dynamics for scalar field theories in contact with a thermal bath at temperature T. These models have been applied recently in the numerical description of the dynamics of second order phase transitions and associated topological defect Formation as well as in other studies of the: dynamics of critical phenomena. Closed form solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation are given for a harmonic potential and a dynamical mean-field approximation is developed. These methods allow for an analytical discussion of the behavior of the theories in several circumstances of interest such as critical slowing down at a second order transition and the development of spinodal instabilities. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bettencourt, LMA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 4 AR 045020 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.045020 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 402PG UT WOS:000166996900072 ER PT J AU Feng, JL Matchev, KT Wilczek, F AF Feng, JL Matchev, KT Wilczek, F TI Prospects for indirect detection of neutralino dark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; INTERACTING MASSIVE PARTICLES; FERMILAB TEVATRON UPGRADES; HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; COSMIC-RAY POSITRONS; PRECISION CORRECTIONS; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY; GALACTIC-CENTER; STANDARD MODEL AB Dark matter candidates arising in models of particle physics incorporating weak scale supersymmetry may produce detectable signals through their annihilation into neutrinos, photons, or positrons. A large number of relevant experiments are planned or underway. The "logically possible" parameter space is unwieldy. By working in the framework of minimal super gravity, we can survey the implications of the experiments for each other, as well as for direct searches, collider searches, low-energy experiments, and naturalness in a transparent fashion. We find that a wide variety of experiments provide interesting probes. Particularly promising signals arise in the mixed gaugino-Higgsino region. This region is favored by low-energy particle physics constraints and arises naturally from minimal supergravity due to the focus point mechanism. Indirect dark matter searches and traditional particle searches are highly complementary. In cosmologically preferred models, if there are charged superpartners with masses below 250 GeV, then some signature of supersymmetry must appear before the CERN LHC begins operation. C1 Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 158 TC 160 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 4 AR 045024 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.045024 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 402PG UT WOS:000166996900076 ER PT J AU Lange, AE Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Crill, BP de Bernardis, P Farese, P Ferreira, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Martinis, L Masi, S Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Prunet, S Rao, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F Sforna, D AF Lange, AE Ade, PAR Bock, JJ Bond, JR Borrill, J Boscaleri, A Coble, K Crill, BP de Bernardis, P Farese, P Ferreira, P Ganga, K Giacometti, M Hivon, E Hristov, VV Iacoangeli, A Jaffe, AH Martinis, L Masi, S Mauskopf, PD Melchiorri, A Montroy, T Netterfield, CB Pascale, E Piacentini, F Pogosyan, D Prunet, S Rao, S Romeo, G Ruhl, JE Scaramuzzi, F Sforna, D TI Cosmological parameters from the first results of boomerang SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; AMERICAN TEST FLIGHT; DARK-MATTER; HUBBLE CONSTANT; RADIATION; UNIVERSE; CONSTRAINTS; SUPERNOVAE; DEFECTS AB The anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation contains information about the contents and history of the universe. We report new limits on cosmological parameters derived from the angular power spectrum measured in the first Antarctic flight of the Boomerang experiment. Within the framework of models with adiabatic perturbations, and using only weakly restrictive prior probabilities on the age of the universe and the nubble expansion parameter h, we find that the curvature is consistent with Rat and that the primordial fluctuation spectrum is consistent with scale invariant, in agreement with the basic inflation paradigm. We find that the data prefer a baryon density Omega (b)h(2) above, though similar to, the estimates from light element abundances and big bang nucleosynthesis. When combined with large scale structure observations, the Boomerang data provide clear detections of both dark matter and dark energy contributions to the total energy density Omega (tot), independent of data from high-redshift supernovae. C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNR, Ist Ric Onde Elettromagnet, I-50127 Florence, Italy. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX2 6HT, England. Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Coll France, F-75231 Paris 05, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ctr Ric Franscati, Comitato Nazl Ric & Sviluppo Energia Nucl & Energ, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys & Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron, Toronto, ON, Canada. Ist Nazl Geofis, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010 OI Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327 NR 30 TC 276 Z9 277 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 4 AR 042001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.63.042001 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 402PG UT WOS:000166996900005 ER PT J AU Ichikawa, A Ahn, JK Akikawa, H Aoki, S Arai, K Bahk, SY Baik, KM Bassalleck, B Chung, JH Chung, MS Hoshino, K Ieiri, M Imai, K Iwata, YH Iwata, YS Kanda, H Kaneko, M Kawai, T Kim, CO Kim, JY Kim, SJ Kim, SH Kondo, Y Kouketsu, T Lee, YL McNabb, JWC Mitsuhara, M Nagase, Y Nagoshi, C Nakazawa, K Noumi, H Ogawa, S Okabe, H Oyama, K Park, HM Park, IG Parker, J Ra, YS Rhee, JT Rusek, A Shibuya, H Sim, KS Saha, PK Seki, D Sekimoto, M Song, JS Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Takeutchi, F Tanaka, H Tanida, K Tojo, J Torii, H Torikai, S Ushida, N Yamamoto, K Yasuda, N Yang, JT Yoon, CJ Yoon, CS Yosoi, M Yoshida, T Zhu, L AF Ichikawa, A Ahn, JK Akikawa, H Aoki, S Arai, K Bahk, SY Baik, KM Bassalleck, B Chung, JH Chung, MS Hoshino, K Ieiri, M Imai, K Iwata, YH Iwata, YS Kanda, H Kaneko, M Kawai, T Kim, CO Kim, JY Kim, SJ Kim, SH Kondo, Y Kouketsu, T Lee, YL McNabb, JWC Mitsuhara, M Nagase, Y Nagoshi, C Nakazawa, K Noumi, H Ogawa, S Okabe, H Oyama, K Park, HM Park, IG Parker, J Ra, YS Rhee, JT Rusek, A Shibuya, H Sim, KS Saha, PK Seki, D Sekimoto, M Song, JS Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Takeutchi, F Tanaka, H Tanida, K Tojo, J Torii, H Torikai, S Ushida, N Yamamoto, K Yasuda, N Yang, JT Yoon, CJ Yoon, CS Yosoi, M Yoshida, T Zhu, L TI Production of twin Lambda-hypernuclei from Xi(-) hyperon capture at rest SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE double-Lambda hypernucleus; twin Lambda hypemuclei; Xi(-) capture at rest; nuclear emulsion ID C-12 AB A hybrid emulsion experiment was carried out to study double-strangeness nuclei produced via Xi (-) hyperon capture at rest with the expectation of ten times larger statistics than previous experiments. We have analyzed 5% of the total emulsion and found one "twin-hypernuclei" event involving the emission of two single-Lambda hypernuclei and a nuclear fragment from a Ehyperon stopping point. The event is interpreted as the decay of a Xi (-) + N-14 atomic system to He-5(Lambda) + He-5(Lambda) + He-4 + neutron. The species of the Xi (-)-atom and the fragmentation products are uniquely identified for the first time for twin-hypernuclei events. Combined with the results from a past hybrid-emulsion experiment, one double-Lambda hypernucleus and three twin-hypernuclei events have been found from Xi (-) captures on light emulsion nuclei. The ratio of the detected rate of double-Lambda hypernuclei to that of twin-hypernuclei is compared with theoretical estimates. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Kobe Univ, Fac Human Dev, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Funabashi, Chiba 2748510, Japan. Wonkwang Univ, Iri 570749, South Korea. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Jinju 660701, South Korea. Korea Natl Univ Educ, Chungbuk, South Korea. Konkuk Univ, Inst Adv Phys, Seoul 143701, South Korea. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Higashi Nippon Int Univ, Iwaki, Fukushima 9708023, Japan. Osaka Prefectural Educ Ctr, Osaka 5580011, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. Aichi Univ Educ, Kariya, Aichi 4488542, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5588585, Japan. RP Ichikawa, A (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RI Ahn, Jung Keun/C-1293-2008; Aoki, Shigeki/L-6044-2015 NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 500 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00049-1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 404DL UT WOS:000167082100005 ER PT J AU Dieterich, S Bartsch, P Baumann, D Bermuth, J Bohinc, K Bohm, R Bosnar, D Derber, S Ding, M Distler, M Ewald, I Friedrich, J Friedrich, JM Gilman, R Glashausser, C Hauger, M Jennewein, P Jourdan, J Kelly, JJ Kohl, M Kozlov, A Krygier, KW Kumbartzki, G Lac, J Liesenfeld, A Merkel, H Muller, U Neuhausen, R Pospischil, T Ransome, RD Rohe, D Rosener, G Schmieden, H Seimetz, M Sick, I Strauch, S Udias, JM Vignote, JR Wagner, A Walcher, T Warren, G Weis, M AF Dieterich, S Bartsch, P Baumann, D Bermuth, J Bohinc, K Bohm, R Bosnar, D Derber, S Ding, M Distler, M Ewald, I Friedrich, J Friedrich, JM Gilman, R Glashausser, C Hauger, M Jennewein, P Jourdan, J Kelly, JJ Kohl, M Kozlov, A Krygier, KW Kumbartzki, G Lac, J Liesenfeld, A Merkel, H Muller, U Neuhausen, R Pospischil, T Ransome, RD Rohe, D Rosener, G Schmieden, H Seimetz, M Sick, I Strauch, S Udias, JM Vignote, JR Wagner, A Walcher, T Warren, G Weis, M TI Polarization transfer in the He-4((e)over-right-arrow, e ' (p)over-right-arrow)H-3 reaction SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; FORM-FACTORS; IMPULSE APPROXIMATION; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; ANALYZING POWER; PROTON; ELECTRODISINTEGRATION; POLARIMETER; KNOCKOUT; HE-4 AB Polarization transfer in the He-4((e) over right arrowe', (p) over right arrow)H-3 reaction at a Q(2) of 0.4 (GeV/c)(2) was measured at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The ratio of the transverse to the longitudinal polarization components of the ejected protons was compared with the same ratio for elastic ep scattering. The results are consistent with a recent fully relativistic calculation which includes a predicted medium modification of the proton form factor based on a quark-meson coupling model. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. RP Dieterich, S (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RI Udias, Jose/A-7523-2010; Friedrich, Jan/B-9024-2013; Merkel, Harald/B-9705-2013 OI Udias, Jose/0000-0003-3714-764X; Friedrich, Jan/0000-0001-9298-7882; NR 46 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 500 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00052-1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 404DL UT WOS:000167082100006 ER PT J AU Garcia, AE Sanbonmatsu, KY AF Garcia, AE Sanbonmatsu, KY TI Exploring the energy landscape of a beta hairpin in explicit solvent SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE protein folding; protein folding kinetics; energy landscape ID PROTEIN-FOLDING FUNNELS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; CONFORMATIONS; EVOLUTION; PATHWAYS; MOTIONS; DOMAIN; MODEL AB We studied the energy landscape the peptide Ace-GEWTYDDATKTFTVTE-Nme, of the peptide Ace-GEWTYDDATKTFTVTE-Nme, taken from the C-terminal fragment (41-56) of protein G, in explicit aqueous solution by a highly parallel replica-exchange approach that combines molecular dynamics trajectories with a temperature exchange Monte Carlo process. The combined trajectories in T and configurational space allow a replica to overcome a free energy barrier present at one temperature by increasing T, changing configurations, and cooling in a self-regulated manner, thus allowing sampling of broad regions of configurational space in short (nanoseconds) time scales. The free energy landscape of this system over a wide range of temperatures shows that the system preferentially adopts a beta hairpin structure, However, the peptide also samples other stable ensembles where the peptide adopts helices and helix-turn-helix states, among others. The helical states become increasingly stable at low temperatures, but are slightly less stable than the beta turn ensemble. The energy landscape is rugged at low T, where substates are separated by large energy barriers. These barriers disappear at higher T (similar to 330 K), where the system preferentially adopts a "molten globule" state with structures similar to the beta hairpin, Proteins 2001;42:345-354, Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Garcia, AE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 43 TC 292 Z9 294 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 345 EP 354 DI 10.1002/1097-0134(20010215)42:3<345::AID-PROT50>3.0.CO;2-H PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 397HD UT WOS:000166686500005 PM 11151006 ER PT J AU Hang, HC Bertozzi, CR AF Hang, HC Bertozzi, CR TI Ketone isosteres of 2-N-acetamidosugars as substrates for metabolic cell surface engineering SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; ANIMAL-CELLS; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; GLYCOSYLATION; EXPRESSION; INHIBITION C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Mat,Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58867-01] NR 20 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 14 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 6 BP 1242 EP 1243 DI 10.1021/ja002962b PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 400LL UT WOS:000166873000031 PM 11456684 ER PT J AU Oda, MN Bielicki, JK Berger, T Forte, TM AF Oda, MN Bielicki, JK Berger, T Forte, TM TI Cysteine substitutions in apolipoprotein A-I primary structure modulate paraoxonase activity SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; LIPID-FREE STRUCTURE; SERUM PARAOXONASE; TANGIER-DISEASE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; TERMINAL DELETIONS; CHOLESTEROL; MEMBRANE; HDL AB Paraoxonase (PON) is transported primarily on apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) -containing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and is thought to protect against early atherogenic events including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and monocyte migration. It has been proposed that apoA-I may be necessary for PON's association with plasma HDL. On the basis of this, we examined the effect: of apoA-I on PON' s enzymatic activity and its ability to associate with HDL. Additionally, we examined whether changes in apoA-I primary structure (cysteine substitution mutations) could modulate these effects. Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with human PON1A cDNA were incubated in the presence and absence of recombinant wild-type apoA-I (ApoA-I-WT) and specific Cys substitution mutations. Extracellular accumulation of PON activity in the presence of ApoA-I-WT was 0.095 +/- 0.013 unit/mg of cell protein (n = 7) compared to 0.034 +/- 0.010 unit/mg of cell protein in the absence of apoA-I (n 7), a 2.79-fold increase in activity when apoA-I was incubated with the cells. Lipid-free apoA-I did not increase PON activity, while preformed nascent HDL increased PON activity only 30%, suggesting that maximal PON activity is lipid-dependent and requires coassembly of PON and apoA-I on nascent HDL. The cysteine mutations R10C, R27C, and R61C significantly increased (p < 0.01) PON activity 32.6% +/- 14.7%, 31.6% +/- 18.9%, and 27.4% +/- 20%, respectively, over that of wild type (WT). No changes in PON activity were observed with apoA-I cysteine substitution mutations in the C-terminal portion of the protein. The data suggest that, for optimal PON activity, coassembly of the enzyme onto nascent HDL is required and that the N-terminal region of apoA-I may be important in the assembly process. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol Med, Life Sci Div MS 315A, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Forte, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol Med, Life Sci Div MS 315A, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL18574, HL07279, HL55493, HL59483-01A2] NR 40 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 13 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1710 EP 1718 DI 10.1021/bi001922h PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 401RM UT WOS:000166942100025 PM 11327831 ER PT J AU Ogihara, NL Ghirlanda, G Bryson, JW Gingery, M DeGrado, WF Eisenberg, D AF Ogihara, NL Ghirlanda, G Bryson, JW Gingery, M DeGrado, WF Eisenberg, D TI Design of three-dimensional domain-swapped dimers and fibrous oligomers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COILED-COIL; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; 3-HELIX BUNDLE; PROTEIN; RESOLUTION; ERRORS; MAPS AB Three-dimensional (3D) domain-swapped proteins are intermolecularly folded analogs of monomeric proteins; both are stabilized by the identical interactions, but the individual domains interact intramolecularly in monomeric proteins, whereas they form intermolecular interactions in 3D domain-swapped structures. The structures and conditions of formation of several domain-swapped dimers and trimers are known, but the formation of higher order 3D domain-swapped oligomers has been less thoroughly studied. Here we contrast the structural consequences of domain swapping from two designed three-helix bundles: one with an up-down-up topology, and the other with an up-down-down topology. The up-down-up topology gives rise to a domain-swapped dimer whose structure has been determined to 1.5 Angstrom resolution by x-ray crystallography. In contrast, the domain-swapped protein with an up-down-down topology forms fibrils as shown by electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. This demonstrates that design principles can predict the oligomeric state of 3D domain-swapped molecules, which should aid in the design of domain-swapped proteins and biomaterials. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Lab Struct Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Johnson Res Fdn, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Lab Struct Biol, POB 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-54616, R01 GM054616, R37 GM054616] NR 40 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 13 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 4 BP 1404 EP 1409 DI 10.1073/pnas.98.4.1404 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401VL UT WOS:000166949200020 PM 11171963 ER PT J AU Wu, GH Ji, HF Hansen, K Thundat, T Datar, R Cote, R Hagan, MF Chakraborty, AK Majumdar, A AF Wu, GH Ji, HF Hansen, K Thundat, T Datar, R Cote, R Hagan, MF Chakraborty, AK Majumdar, A TI Origin of nanomechanical cantilever motion generated from biomolecular interactions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DNA-MOLECULES; FORCES AB Generation of nanomechanical cantilever motion from biomolecular interactions can have wide applications, ranging from high-throughput biomolecular detection to bioactuation, Although it has been suggested that such motion is caused by changes in surface stress of a cantilever beam, the origin of the surface-stress change has so far not been elucidated. By using DNA hybridization experiments, we show that the origin of motion lies in the interplay between changes in configurational entropy and intermolecular energetics induced by specific biomolecular interactions. By controlling entropy change during DNA hybridization, the direction of cantilever motion can be manipulated. These thermodynamic principles were also used to explain the origin of motion generated from protein-ligand binding. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Hagan, Michael/N-2177-2014 OI Hagan, Michael/0000-0002-9211-2434 FU NCI NIH HHS [R21 CA86132] NR 23 TC 387 Z9 395 U1 4 U2 44 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 13 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 4 BP 1560 EP 1564 DI 10.1073/pnas.031362498 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401VL UT WOS:000166949200047 PM 11171990 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Shapiro, NA Feick, H Armitage, R Weber, ER Yang, Y Cerrina, F AF Kim, Y Shapiro, NA Feick, H Armitage, R Weber, ER Yang, Y Cerrina, F TI Elastic strain relief in nitridated Ga metal buffer layers for epitaxial GaN growth SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; MBE-GROWTH; STRESS; DIFFUSION; SURFACES AB Gallium nitride epitaxial layers were grown on sapphire by molecular-beam epitaxy using nitridated gallium metal films as buffer layers. The mechanical properties of the buffer layers were investigated and correlated with their chemical composition as determined by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. Biaxial tension experiments were performed by bending the substrates in a pressure cell designed for simultaneous photoluminescence measurements. The shift of the excitonic luminescence peak was used to determine the stress induced in the main GaN epilayer. The fraction of stress transferred from substrate to main layer was as low as 27% for samples grown on nitridated metal buffer layers, compared to nearly 100% for samples on conventional low-temperature GaN buffer layers. The efficiency of stress relief increased in proportion to the fraction of metallic Ga in the nitridated metal buffer layers. These findings suggest GaN films containing residual metallic Ga may serve as compliant buffer layers for heteroepitaxy. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 7 BP 895 EP 897 DI 10.1063/1.1347016 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398TN UT WOS:000166772600015 ER PT J AU Muck, M Kycia, JB Clarke, J AF Muck, M Kycia, JB Clarke, J TI Superconducting quantum interference device as a near-quantum-limited amplifier at 0.5 GHz SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIOFREQUENCY-AMPLIFIER; LOW-NOISE AB A dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with a resonant microstrip input is operated as an amplifier at temperatures down to 20 mK. A second SQUID is used as a postamplifier. Below about 100 mK, the noise temperature is 52 +/- 20 mK at 538 MHz, estimated from measurements of signal-to-noise ratio, and 47 +/- 10 mK at 519 MHz, estimated from the noise generated by a resonant circuit coupled to the input. The quantum-limited noise temperatures are 26 and 25 mK, respectively. The measured noise temperature is limited by hot electrons generated by the bias current. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Muck, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 7 BP 967 EP 969 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398TN UT WOS:000166772600039 ER PT J AU Hartshorn, CM Maxwell, KA White, PS DeSimone, JM Meyer, TJ AF Hartshorn, CM Maxwell, KA White, PS DeSimone, JM Meyer, TJ TI Separation of positional isomers of oxidation catalyst precursors SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COUPLED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ENERGY-TRANSFER; POLYPYRIDYL COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; RATE CONSTANTS; DRIVING-FORCE; ATOM TRANSFER; KINETICS; REDOX AB A series of polypyridyl ruthenium complexes of the general formula [Ru(tpy)(bpy')Cl](+) where tpy is 2,2':6',2 " -terpyridine and bpy' is 4-carboxy-4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine (4-CO2H-4'-Mebpy), a proline derivative (4-CO-Pra-(Boc)(OMe)-4'-Mebpy), or 4-((diethoxyphosphinyl)methyl)-4'-methyl (4-CH2PO3Et2-4'-Mebpy) are prepared. Fog each complex, two isomers exist, and these are separated chromatographically. The structure of the hexafluorophosphate salt of cis-[Ru(tpy)(4-CO2H-4'-Mebpy)Cl](+), cis-1, is determined by X-ray crystallography. The salt crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Cc with a = 12.4778(6) Angstrom, b = 12.6086(6) Angstrom, c = 20.1215(9) Angstrom, beta 107.08200(1)degrees, Z = 4, R = 0.058, and R-w = 0.072. The structures of the remaining complexes are assigned by H-1 NMR comparisons with cis-1. The complexes are potentially important precursors for the incorporation of Ru-IV=O2+ oxidants into polymers or peptides or for their adsorption onto oxide surfaces. Preliminary electrochemical results for the isomers of [Ru(tpy)(4-CH2PO3H2-4'-Mebpy)(H2O)](2+), 4, adsorbed on ITO (In2O3:Sn) surfaces add support to a recently proposed electron-transfer mechanism involving cross-surface proton-coupled electron transfer. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,SSR Mail Stop A127, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 38 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 601 EP 606 DI 10.1021/ic9911724 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 402DW UT WOS:000166971600004 PM 11225099 ER PT J AU Nemes, A Bakac, A AF Nemes, A Bakac, A TI Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of a substituted phenol by a superoxochromium(III) ion SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HYDROXYLIC HYDROGEN-ATOM; TYROSINE Y-Z; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; RATE CONSTANTS; VITAMIN-E; OXYGEN; ABSTRACTION; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; WATER AB A superoxochromium(III) ion, CraqOO2+, abstracts the hydrogen atom from the hydroxylic group of a substituted, cationic phenol (ArOH), k(CrOO) = 1.24 M-1 s(-1) in acidic aqueous solation at 25 degrees C. The reaction has a large kinetic isotope effect, k(ArOH)/k(ArOD) approximate to 12 and produces ArO., which also reacts with CraqOO2+ in a rapid second step, k(ArO) = 1.26 x 10(4) M-1 s(-1). The final oxidation product is an o-quinone, which was identified by its behavior on a cation-exchange resin, UV-visible spectrum, and reaction with iodide ions. This work has extended to three the types of element-hydrogen bonds that react with CraqOO2+ about 10(2) times more slowly than with CraqO2+. The mechanistic implications of these findings are discussed. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bakac, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 746 EP 749 DI 10.1021/ic0010631 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 402DW UT WOS:000166971600023 PM 11225118 ER PT J AU Hu, WY Zhang, BW Huang, BY Gao, F Bacon, DJ AF Hu, WY Zhang, BW Huang, BY Gao, F Bacon, DJ TI Analytic modified embedded atom potentials for HCP metals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID BCC TRANSITION-METALS; CLOSE-PACKED METALS; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; DEFECT PROPERTIES; SELF-DIFFUSION; POINT-DEFECTS; METHOD MODEL; BODY; ZIRCONIUM AB Analytic modified embedded atom method (AMEAM) type many-body potentials have been constructed for ten hcp metals: Be, Co, Hf, Mg, Re, Ru, Sc, Ti, Y and Zr. The potentials are parametrized using analytic functions and fitted to the cohesive energy, unrelaxed vacancy formation energy, five independent second-order elastic constants and two equilibrium conditions. Hence, each of the constructed potentials represents a stable hexagonal close-packed lattice with a particular non-ideal cia ratio. In order to treat the metals with negative Cauchy pressure, a modified term has been added to the total energy. For all the metals considered, the hcp lattice is shown to be energetically most stable when compared with the fee and bcc structure and the hcp lattice with ideal c/a. The activation energy for vacancy diffusion in these metals has been calculated. They agree well with experimental data available and those calculated by other authors for both monovacancy and divacancy mechanisms and the most possible diffusion paths are predicted. Stacking fault and surface energy have also been calculated and their values are lower than typical experimental data. Finally, the self-interstitial atom (SIA) formation energy and volume have been evaluated for eight possible sites. This calculation suggests that the basal split or crowdion is the most stable configuration for metals with a rather large deviation from the ideal c/a value and the non-basal dumbbell (C or S) is the most stable configuration for metals with cia near ideal. The relationship between SIA formation energy and melting temperature roughly obeys a linear relation for most metals except Ru and Re. C1 Hunan Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China. Cent S Univ, Powder Met Res Inst, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China. Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hu, WY (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China. RI Hu, Wangyu/B-5762-2009; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 OI Hu, Wangyu/0000-0001-7416-3994; NR 54 TC 134 Z9 141 U1 5 U2 49 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1193 EP 1213 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/6/302 PG 21 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 404VE UT WOS:000167121900006 ER PT J AU Lyo, SK AF Lyo, SK TI Real-space and energy representations for the interface-roughness scattering in quantum-well structures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT AB We show that the real space representation of the interface roughness as a fluctuating potential in the coordinate space is equivalent to the usual energy-fluctuation representation for intrasublevel scattering in multi-interface quantum well structures with generally shaped confinement-potential profiles. The coordinate picture is, however, more general and can be used for higher-order effects and multi-sublevel scattering in tunnel-coupled multi-quantum-well structures. The result is employed to study the interface-roughness-limited mobility of tunnel-coupled double quantum wells at low temperatures. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lyo, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1259 EP 1264 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/6/306 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 404VE UT WOS:000167121900010 ER PT J AU Svensson, CE Macchiavelli, AO Juodagalvis, A Poves, A Ragnarsson, I Aberg, S Appelbe, DE Austin, RAE Baktash, C Ball, GC Carpenter, MP Caurier, E Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Furlotti, M Galindo-Uribarri, A Janssens, RVF Lane, GJ Lee, IY Lipoglavsek, M Nowacki, F Paul, SD Radford, DC Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Stephens, FS Tomov, V Vetter, K Ward, D Yu, CH AF Svensson, CE Macchiavelli, AO Juodagalvis, A Poves, A Ragnarsson, I Aberg, S Appelbe, DE Austin, RAE Baktash, C Ball, GC Carpenter, MP Caurier, E Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Furlotti, M Galindo-Uribarri, A Janssens, RVF Lane, GJ Lee, IY Lipoglavsek, M Nowacki, F Paul, SD Radford, DC Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Stephens, FS Tomov, V Vetter, K Ward, D Yu, CH TI Collective rotational motion in the N=Z nucleus Ar-36 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MI SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID SHELL-MODEL DESCRIPTION; HIGH-SPIN STATES; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; CR-48; BANDS; REGION AB A superdeformed rotational band has been identified in the N = Z nucleus Ar-36, firmly linked to known low-spin states, and observed to its high-spin termination at I-pi = 16(+). Lifetime measurements by the Doppler shift attenuation method establish a large low-spin deformation (beta (2) approximate to 0.46) and a decrease in the collectivity as the band approaches termination. Comparisons with cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky and large-scale spherical shell model calculations lead to a consistent description of the band based on a configuration in which four particles are promoted to the pf shell. With two major shells active for both protons and neutrons, yet a valence space dimension small enough to be approached from the shell model perspective, this band offers an excellent opportunity to investigate the microscopic structure of collective rotational motion in nuclei. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, Lund, Sweden. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Strasbourg, Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Strasbourg, Phys Theor Lab, Strasbourg, France. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CESvensson@lbl.gov; dea@physics.mcmaster.ca; austin@physics.mcmaster.ca; baktash@mail.phy.ornl.gov; carpenter@anlphy.phy.anl.gov; clark@csg.lbl.gov; MCromaz@lbl.gov; mdiamond@lbl.gov; PFallon@lbl.gov; uribarri@ler017.phy.ornl.gov; janssens@anlphy.phy.anl.gov; GJLane@lbl.gov; iylee@lbl.gov; matej@mail.phy.ornl.gov; dgs@wuchem.wustl.edu; seweryn@anlphy.phy.anl.gov; kvetter@lbl.gov; chy@mail.phy.ornl.gov RI Poves, Alfredo/L-2594-2013; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Poves, Alfredo/0000-0001-7539-388X; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 1C EP 11C PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500002 ER PT J AU Wiedenhover, I Wuosmaa, AH Lister, CJ Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Amro, H Caggiano, J Heinz, A Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Siem, S Sonzogni, A Bhattacharyya, P Devlin, M Sarantites, DG Sobotka, LG AF Wiedenhover, I Wuosmaa, AH Lister, CJ Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Amro, H Caggiano, J Heinz, A Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Siem, S Sonzogni, A Bhattacharyya, P Devlin, M Sarantites, DG Sobotka, LG TI Measurement and analysis of quadruple (alpha gamma gamma) angular correlations for high spin states of Mg-24 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem AB The high-lying, alpha -decaying states in Mg-24 have been studied by measuring the complete decay path of alpha and gamma emissions using five segmented Silicon detectors in conjunction with GAMMASPHERE. We analyzed the (alpha gamma) triple angular correlations and, for the first time, (alpha gamma gamma) quadruple correlations. The data analysis is based on a new Fourier transformation technique. The power of the technique is demonstrated. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Wiedenhover, I (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 22C EP 27C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00617-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500004 ER PT J AU Reviol, W Sarantites, DG Charity, RJ Tomov, V Rudolph, D Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Dobaczewski, J AF Reviol, W Sarantites, DG Charity, RJ Tomov, V Rudolph, D Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Dobaczewski, J TI Rotational bands near Ni-56 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID A-SIMILAR-TO-60 MASS REGION; SHELL-MODEL AB Rotational bands have been found in Co-57 and Ni-57, using Gammasphere in conjunction with the Microball and 30 neutron detectors. The bands in Co-57, extending the mass 60 region of deformation down to Z = 27, are signature partner sequences. The quadrupole moments and dynamic moments of inertia of the new bands in both nuclei are similar to those of rotational sequences in the neighboring nuclei. The high-spin structure of Co-57 is compared with Skyrme Hartree-Fock calculations. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. Univ Lund, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RP Reviol, W (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 28C EP 34C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00618-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500005 ER PT J AU Fischer, SM Balamuth, DP Lister, CJ Hausladen, PA Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Jenkins, D Svelnys, D Schwartz, J Freeman, SJ Leddy, M Varley, BJ Durrell, J Bernstein, L Garrett, P Bauer, R Becker, J Sarantites, DG Ressler, J Fotiades, N AF Fischer, SM Balamuth, DP Lister, CJ Hausladen, PA Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Jenkins, D Svelnys, D Schwartz, J Freeman, SJ Leddy, M Varley, BJ Durrell, J Bernstein, L Garrett, P Bauer, R Becker, J Sarantites, DG Ressler, J Fotiades, N TI Observation of delayed alignment in N=Z nuclei Kr-72, Sr-76 and Zr-80 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID BAND; ZIRCONIUM; ISOTOPES; ROTATION AB Excited states of the N = Z nuclei Kr-72, S-76 and Zr-80 have been studied in a series of experiments involving Gammasphere plus Microball, and Gammasphere plus the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer. The ground state band of Kr-72 has been extended to a spin of (26(+)), and a very pronounced delay in the alignment of g(9/2) particles is evident. The ground state bands of Sr-76 and Zr-80 have been observed to spins 14(+) and 12(+), respectively, and also show evidence for delayed alignments. This delay in alignment may be a signature for neutron-proton pairing correlations. C1 De Paul Univ, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys, Manchester M1 3PL, Lancs, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Fischer, SM (reprint author), De Paul Univ, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 35C EP 40C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00619-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500006 ER PT J AU Grzywacz, R Yu, CH Janas, Z Paul, SD Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Ginter, TN Gross, CJ McConnell, J Lipoglavsek, M Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Ressler, JJ Rykaczewski, K Shergur, J Walters, WB Zganjar, EF Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Svensson, CE Waddington, JC Ward, D Dragulescu, E AF Grzywacz, R Yu, CH Janas, Z Paul, SD Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Ginter, TN Gross, CJ McConnell, J Lipoglavsek, M Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Ressler, JJ Rykaczewski, K Shergur, J Walters, WB Zganjar, EF Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Svensson, CE Waddington, JC Ward, D Dragulescu, E TI In-beam study of the N=Z nucleus As-66(33)33 using the decay tagging technique SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID STATES AB Several new prompt electromagnetic transitions have been identified in the N=Z nucleus As-66 using the Isomer Decay Tagging technique with the Recoil Mass Spectrometer and the Clarion array at ORNL. The observed gamma rays feed a microsecond isomeric state. The strongest cascade observed in this experiment has also been identified in a p-gamma gamma gamma data set from a Gammasphere experiment. No transitions bypassing the isomer were identified. The lifetimes of the two previously known isomeric states in As-66 were remeasured. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astr, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astr, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Nat Inst Nucl Phys & Eng, Bucharest, Romania. RP Grzywacz, R (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 41C EP 47C PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500007 ER PT J AU Janssens, RVF AF Janssens, RVF TI The structure of high-Z nuclei from studies with Gammasphere at ATLAS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID OCTUPOLE CORRELATIONS; SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HIGH-SPIN; CONTRASTING BEHAVIOR; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; DEFORMATION; ISOTOPES; FISSION; ACTINIDES; NO-254 AB This presentation reviews one of the main research programs carried out with the Gammasphere array at ATLAS. Taking advantage of the availability of very heavy beams on the one hand, and of the coupling of Gammasphere with the Fragment Mass Analyzer on the other, it was possible to gain new insights into the properties of actinide and transfermium nuclei. The impact of octupole correlations an the structure of the Plutonium isotopes and the role of shape driving shell effects on the structure and an the formation of Nobelium nuclei is discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Janssens, RVF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 54C EP 64C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00622-9 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500009 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, P Shestakova, I D'Alarcao, R Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Walker, PM Wheldon, C Cullen, DM Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Wiedenhoever, I AF Chowdhury, P Shestakova, I D'Alarcao, R Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Walker, PM Wheldon, C Cullen, DM Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Wiedenhoever, I TI Harvesting new isomers in neutron-rich hafnium nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem AB New multi-quasiparticle K-isomers have been investigated in neutron-rich hafnium nuclei via inelastic and transfer reactions with a pulsed U-238 beam on a Hf-180 target. The emphasis of this presentation is on the specific techniques of isolating and characterizing isomers with greater than or equal to mus half-lives and low cross-sections in the transfer channels using the Gammasphere array. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chowdhury, P (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI Wheldon, Carl/F-9203-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 65C EP 70C PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500010 ER PT J AU Lane, GJ Broda, R Fornal, B Byrne, AP Dracoulis, GD Blomqvist, J Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Janssens, RVF Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Maier, KH Rejmund, M Stephens, FS Svensson, CE Vetter, K Ward, D Wiedenhover, I Wrzesinski, J AF Lane, GJ Broda, R Fornal, B Byrne, AP Dracoulis, GD Blomqvist, J Clark, RM Cromaz, M Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Janssens, RVF Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Maier, KH Rejmund, M Stephens, FS Svensson, CE Vetter, K Ward, D Wiedenhover, I Wrzesinski, J TI Structure of exotic nuclei near and above Pb-208 populated via deep-inelastic collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; VIBRATION; ISOTOPES; U-238 AB High-spin states have been studied in neutron-rich nuclei produced in deep-inelastic collisions between a pulsed beam of Pb-208 ions and a U-238 target. The structure of nuclei such as Hg-206, Pb-210 and Bi-211 has revealed new information on the couplings of single-particle states to each other and to the octupole-vibrational phonon, essential input to the nuclear shell model. In addition, the first observations of high-spin states in U-237, U-239 and U-240 are compared to recent results for neighbouring plutonium nuclei. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Kernforsch Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany. CSNSM, Orsay, France. RP Lane, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Dracoulis, George/A-8123-2008 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 71C EP 78C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00624-2 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500011 ER PT J AU Jones, EF Gore, PM Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV deLima, AP Dodder, RS Kormicki, J Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Zhang, XQ Zhu, SJ Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Rasmussen, JO Lee, IY Cole, JD Drigert, MW Ma, WC AF Jones, EF Gore, PM Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV deLima, AP Dodder, RS Kormicki, J Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Zhang, XQ Zhu, SJ Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Rasmussen, JO Lee, IY Cole, JD Drigert, MW Ma, WC CA GANDS95 Collaboration TI A new phenomenon: shifted identical yrast bands in neighboring even-even nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MI SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem AB Identification of the levels in (160)Sm and (162)Gd in spontaneous fission studies led to the discovery of a new phenomenon, shifted identical bands (SIB). SIBs are yrast bands in neighboring nuclei (a,b) with moments of inertia which are identical when shifted by a constant amount kappa = -DeltaJ(1)/J(1), so J(1a)(1+kappa)= J(1b), from 2(+) to 8(+) and higher to 16(+). Building on that work, an analysis of yrast bands in even-even proton to neutron rich Xe to Pb nuclei was carried out. In over 700 comparisons, fifty-five SIBs were found for ground bands in stable to the most neutron rich Ce - W nuclei with \ kappa \ between 1.5% and 13%, where the spread in kappa is less than +/-1%, and only four identical bands (kappa congruent to 0). As examples, we find for (158)Sm - (160)Gd (from 2(+) to 10(+)), kappa = -3.2(-0.2)(+0.1)% (where the +/- is the total spread in kappa from -3.1 to -3.4) and DeltaJ(2)/J(2) = 3.0+/-1.2%; (158)Sm - (160)Sm, 3.4(-0.3)(+0.5)%; and (154)Nd - (158)Gd, -10.4+/-0.2%. After the shifts, these J(1) and J(2) values have smaller spreads than do the outstanding examples of identical bands. The J(1) values were fitted to a variable moment of inertia model with parameters J(0) and C whose values correlate with the SIB J(1) values. The SIBs are not correlated either with deformation, E(4(+))/E(2(+)), or the N(p)N(n) product. Some excited bands are SIBs and IBs in proton rich Pt-Pb where nuclear shape coexistence is important. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna, Russia. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Jones, EF (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM hamiltj1@ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu; iylee@lbl.gov; mawc@ra.msstate.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 79C EP 87C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00625-4 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500012 ER PT J AU Ninov, V Gregorich, KE Ginter, TN Hessberger, FP Krucken, R Lee, DM Loveland, W Myers, WD Patin, J Rowe, MW Seward, NK Swiatecki, WJ Turler, A Wilk, PA AF Ninov, V Gregorich, KE Ginter, TN Hessberger, FP Krucken, R Lee, DM Loveland, W Myers, WD Patin, J Rowe, MW Seward, NK Swiatecki, WJ Turler, A Wilk, PA TI Production and structure of the heaviest elements SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HEAVY-ELEMENTS; SEPARATOR AB The synthesis and the properties of the heaviest elements are the subject of this paper. All of the elements above seaborgium (Z=106) have been identified on the basis of single-atom decays after separation in-flight. These elements cover a region of deformed shell nuclei connecting the elements above seaborgium and the predicted superheavy elements located at the next spherical double shell closure above lead. Recent calculations of R. Smolanczuk indicated a dramatic increase in the production cross section for element 118 in the reaction Pb-208(Kr-86,1n)(293)118. A study of this reaction was carried out at the Berkeley Gas-Filled Separator at the 88-inch Cyclotron. Experimental results on the structure of the heaviest elements will be discussed in the frame of recent theoretical models together with new predictions for the location of the next double shell closure. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. GSI Darmstadt, Gesell Schwerionenforsch, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Ninov, V (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; Turler, Andreas/D-3913-2014; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Turler, Andreas/0000-0002-4274-1056; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 32 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 98C EP 107C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00627-8 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500014 ER PT J AU Ishihara, M AF Ishihara, M TI In-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy with RIB on very neutron-rich nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID COULOMB-EXCITATION; LI-11; DEFORMATION; STATE; BE-12; SCATTERING AB The advent of radioactive isotope beams (RIB) has stimulated spectroscopic studies on extremely neutron-rich nuclei where exotic phenomena such as considerable modification of shell structure may occur. To pursue such spectroscopy a new type of in-beam gamma-ray methods using radioactive beam have been developed. The present paper presents a brief review of these methods and recent results of in-beam gamma-ray studies on Be-12 and Mg-34, which revealed anomalous features of low-lying states to be associated with shell quenching at N = 8 and 20. C1 RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ishihara, M (reprint author), RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 143C EP 154C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00633-3 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500020 ER PT J AU Lewitowicz, M Blank, B Daugas, JM Grawe, H Grzywacz, R Neyens, G Pfutzner, M Regan, PH Rykaczewski, K AF Lewitowicz, M Blank, B Daugas, JM Grawe, H Grzywacz, R Neyens, G Pfutzner, M Regan, PH Rykaczewski, K TI Nuclear structure studies by means of short-lived isomers at intermediate energies SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID MU-S-ISOMERS; PROJECTILE FRAGMENTATION; STATES AB This talk is devoted to the presentation of recent achievements in a study of short-lived isomeric states in fragmentation-like reactions at intermediate energies as well as to the comparison of experimental results with shell model calculations. Perspectives of this kind of research using new experimental techniques are briefly discussed. C1 Grand Accelerateur Natl Ions Lourds, F-14076 Caen, France. CENBG, Bordeaux, France. Katholieke Univ Leuven, IKS, Louvain, Belgium. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Lewitowicz, M (reprint author), Grand Accelerateur Natl Ions Lourds, BP 5027, F-14076 Caen, France. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 175C EP 182C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00637-0 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500024 ER PT J AU Dean, DJ AF Dean, DJ TI Robust physics from random interactions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID SPECTRA AB Using random two-body interactions between valence space nucleons, I calculate various statistical measures of the many-body wave functions obtained from diagonalization. These measures include the entropy, spectral rigidity, and the inverse participation ratio. From these calculations: I find that the various random ensembles exhibit quite similar spectral characteristics. These characteristics are similar to those obtained from realistic interactions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dean, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 194C EP 199C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00639-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500026 ER PT J AU Tuli, JK AF Tuli, JK TI The nuclear structure data resource and repository SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem AB The primary mission of the Structure and Decay Data Working Group of the US DOE-funded Nuclear Data Program is to evaluate (or compile), maintain, and disseminate nuclear structure and decay data for all known nuclides. These data are accessed through various data bases which will be very briefly described below. The problems originating From very complex schemes in the literature mill be pointed out and possible solution suggested. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tuli, JK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 236C EP 238C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00645-X PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500032 ER PT J AU Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Ressler, JJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhover, I AF Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Ressler, JJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhover, I TI GAMMASPHERE+FMA: A journey beyond the proton drip-line SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEI; DECAY AB The majority of experiments performed during the 2-year long stay of GAMMASPHERE at the Argonne National Laboratory aimed to study proton-rich nuclei far from the line of stability at and beyond the proton drip-line. A high reaction channel selectivity was required to assign in-beam gamma -ray transitions to weakly populated exotic nuclei in the presence of background from strong reaction channels. In many of the experiments this was achieved by using the Argonne fragment mass analyzer to separate heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction products from scattered beam and disperse them according to their mass-over-charge-state ratio. For medium mass and heavy ct and proton emitters the Recoil-Decay Tagging method was implemented. In-beam gamma -ray transitions were observed in several proton emitters between Z=50 and Z=82. Among others, rotational bands were assigned to Ho-141 and Eu-131. A quadrupole deformation of beta = 0.25(4) was deduced for the ground state in Ho-141 from the extracted dynamic moment of inertia. Based on observed band crossings and signature splittings the 7/2(-)[523] and 1/2(+)[411] configurations were proposed for the ground state and the isomeric state, respectively. A comparison with particle-rotor calculations indicates, however, that Ho-141 may have significant hexadecapole deformation and could be triaxial. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Seweryniak, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 247C EP 255C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00647-3 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500034 ER PT J AU Barmore, B Kruppa, AT Nazarewicz, W Vertse, T AF Barmore, B Kruppa, AT Nazarewicz, W Vertse, T TI A new approach to deformed proton emitters: non-adiabatic coupled-channels SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID FINE-STRUCTURE; NUCLEI; DECAY; RESONANCES AB Theoretical approaches to deformed proton emitters are briefly reviewed. The newly developed non-adiabatic method based on the coupled-channel Schrodinger equation with Gamow states is used to study the competition between proton emission and rotation. Calculations are performed for several experimentally seen, non-spherical nuclei beyond the proton dripline. By comparing theory and experiment, we are able to characterize the angular momentum content of the observed narrow resonance. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RP Barmore, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 256C EP 263C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00648-5 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500035 ER PT J AU Rykaczewski, KP Grzywacz, RK Karny, M McConnell, JW Momayezi, M Wahl, J Janas, Z Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Hartley, D Tantawy, MN Gross, CJ Ginter, TN Hamilton, JH Kulp, WD Lipoglavsek, M Piechaczek, A Zganjar, EF Walters, WB Winger, JA AF Rykaczewski, KP Grzywacz, RK Karny, M McConnell, JW Momayezi, M Wahl, J Janas, Z Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Hartley, D Tantawy, MN Gross, CJ Ginter, TN Hamilton, JH Kulp, WD Lipoglavsek, M Piechaczek, A Zganjar, EF Walters, WB Winger, JA TI Towards digital spectroscopy of proton emitters SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID NPNN SCHEME; NUCLEI; IDENTIFICATION; DECAY AB First observations of fine structure in proton emission from the isotopes Tm-145 and Tm-146m,Tm-gs are reported. The 3 mus decay of Tm-145 was studied by means of the Recoil Mass Separator rand digital processing of its detector signals. The structure of the proton-emitting states as well as the properties of daughter states, a 2(+) state in Er-144 and the S-1/2 and h(11/2) neutron levels in Er-145, are deduced. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Xray Instrumentat Associates, Newark, CA 94560 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Rykaczewski, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 270C EP 278C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00650-3 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500037 ER PT J AU Vetter, K AF Vetter, K TI GRETA: The proof-of-principle for gamma-ray tracking SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID DETECTORS AB Gamma-ray tracking is a new concept for the detection of gamma radiation. One proposed implementation of this concept, called GRETA for Gamma Ray Energy Tracking Array, aims at an improvement in nuclear physics. It is based on an array of highly segmented HPGe detectors. We have developed new techniques to determine three-dimensional positions and energies of interactions based on pulse-shape analysis in a two-dimensionally segmented Ge detector and algorithms which use these informations to reconstruct the scattering sequence of gamma rays, even if many gamma rays hit the array at the same time, Such a detector will have a high efficiency and a good peak-to-background ratio, an excellent Doppler-shift correction and high count rate capability, as well as a high polarization sensitivity. However, the concept will not only improve the sensitivity for gamma rays in nuclear physics but large potential gain is also possible in other areas, such as gamma -ray imaging used in strophysics of medicine. Only recently we have shown the proof-of-principle of the proposed concept based on the measured position resolution of better than 1 mm in three dimensions in a 36-fold segmented Ge detector at a gamma -ray energy of 374 keV. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vetter, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 286C EP 294C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00652-7 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500039 ER PT J AU Nazarewicz, W Casten, RF AF Nazarewicz, W Casten, RF TI Physics at the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA): exploring the nuclear landscape SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MI SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; DRIP-LINE NUCLEI; NEUTRON DROPS; GROUND-STATE; CONTINUUM; PARTICLE; MATTER; ENERGY AB Life in nuclear "terra incognita" is different from that around the stability line; the promised access to completely new combinations of proton and neutron numbers offers prospects for new structural phenomena. The main objective of this presentation is to discuss some of the challenges and opportunities for nuclear structure research with radioactive nuclear beams. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM witek-nazarewicz@utk.edu NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 295C EP 309C PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500040 ER PT J AU Maddalena, V Aumann, T Bazin, D Brown, BA Caggiano, JA Davids, B Glasmacher, T Hansen, PG Ibbotson, RW Navin, A Pritychenko, BV Scheit, H Sherrill, BM Steiner, M Tostevin, JA Yurkon, J AF Maddalena, V Aumann, T Bazin, D Brown, BA Caggiano, JA Davids, B Glasmacher, T Hansen, PG Ibbotson, RW Navin, A Pritychenko, BV Scheit, H Sherrill, BM Steiner, M Tostevin, JA Yurkon, J TI One-nucleon knockout reactions: The test case C-15 and the single-particle structure of C-16,C-17,C-19 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID ONE-NEUTRON KNOCKOUT; HALO STRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY; BEAMS AB One-nucleon knockout reactions have been performed on light targets at energies of 50 - 60 MeV/nucleon at the NSCL to probe the single-particle structure of nuclei far from stability near the neutron drip lines. This technique has a high sensitivity that makes it an ideal tool for studying exotic nuclei. It provides l values that are important for J(pi) assignments and it determines spectroscopic factors as a quantitative test of theory. As a test case, the well-understood nucleus C-15 was investigated. New results obtained for the neutron-rich carbon isotopes C-16,C-17,C-19 are presented. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Nucl Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. RP Maddalena, V (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Glasmacher, Thomas/C-4462-2008; Sherrill, Bradley/B-4098-2009; Sherrill, Bradley/B-3378-2011; Aumann, Thomas/B-1455-2012; Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014; Scheit, Heiko/B-4779-2008 OI Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448; Scheit, Heiko/0000-0002-8937-1101 NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 332C EP 338C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00657-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500043 ER PT J AU Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Beene, JR Gross, CJ Halbert, ML Liang, JF Paul, SD Shapira, D Stracener, DW Varner, RL Chavez, E Ortiz, ME AF Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Beene, JR Gross, CJ Halbert, ML Liang, JF Paul, SD Shapira, D Stracener, DW Varner, RL Chavez, E Ortiz, ME TI Study of resonant reactions with radioactive ion beams and observation of simultaneous 2p emission SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MI SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID 2-PROTON EMISSION; SCATTERING; TARGETS; PROTON; NE-18; STATE AB A program to study resonant states in light nuclei with radioactive ion beams in inverse kinematics and using thick targets together with double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSDs) has been started at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF). This program has led to the discovery of the simultaneous two-proton decay from states in (18)Ne populated by (17)F + p. Results from our search for this long sought decay mode will be presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Galindo-Uribarri, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM uribarri@ler017.phy.orn.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 363C EP 368C PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500047 ER PT J AU Lipoglavsek, M Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Dean, DJ Fahlander, C Hjorth-Jensen, M Janssens, RVF Likar, A Nyberg, J Paul, SD Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Rudolph, D Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Vencelj, M Yu, CH AF Lipoglavsek, M Baktash, C Carpenter, MP Dean, DJ Fahlander, C Hjorth-Jensen, M Janssens, RVF Likar, A Nyberg, J Paul, SD Piechaczek, A Radford, DC Rudolph, D Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Vencelj, M Yu, CH TI First observation of excitation across the Sn-100 core SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID EXCITED-STATES AB Excited states of nuclei near the doubly-magic nucleus Sn-100 were studied with the Ni-58+Cr-50 reaction. The experimental setup consisted of the GAMMASPHERE array augmented with light charged-particle and neutron detectors. Excited states were identified for the first time in the proton emitting nucleus Sb-105. Excitations across the N=Z=50 doubly closed shell were observed in Cd-99 and In-101. Some results of large-scale shell-model calculations are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Lund, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neutron Res, Uppsala, Sweden. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Lipoglavsek, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hjorth-Jensen, Morten/B-1417-2008; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 399C EP 403C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00666-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500052 ER PT J AU Bernstein, LA Archer, DE Becker, JA Garrett, PE Hauschild, K McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Younes, W Devlin, M Drake, DM Johns, GD Nelson, RO AF Bernstein, LA Archer, DE Becker, JA Garrett, PE Hauschild, K McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Younes, W Devlin, M Drake, DM Johns, GD Nelson, RO TI Studying the role of nuclear structure effects in neutron-induced reactions using GEANIE at LANSCE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID GAMMA) REACTIONS AB The GEANIE (GErmanium Array for Neutron Induced Excitations) spectrometer at the LANSCE/WNR (Los Alamos Neutron Science Center/Weapons Neutron Research) 800 MeV spallation neutron source provides a unique tool for studying reaction dynamics for incident particle energies up to and beyond 250 MeV/amu. In this paper we will discuss several of the recent results from GEANIE and their implications for reaction dynamics modeling. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bernstein, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013; McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 404C EP 414C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00667-9 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500053 ER PT J AU Clark, RM Macchiavelli, AO AF Clark, RM Macchiavelli, AO TI The shears mechanism SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID MAGNETIC ROTATION; COLLECTIVE BANDS; DIPOLE BANDS; LIFETIMES; REGION; NUCLEI; PB-199; STATES AB The experimental properties of shears bands are reviewed. The most puzzling characteristic of these structures is the emergence of rotational-like behavior while the nucleus retains a small quadrupole deformation. Regardless of the details of particular theoretical models, it can be shown that the most important degree of freedom in describing the shears mechanism is the shears angle. It is then possible to develop a semi-classical description of the shears mechanism in which the nature (multipole order) of the interaction between valence protons and neutrons constituting the shears 'blades' may be derived and the dynamics of the system described. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clark, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 415C EP 426C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00668-0 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500054 ER PT J AU Smith, MB Cizewski, JA Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Amro, H Danchev, M Davids, CN Hartley, DJ Heinz, A Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Ma, WC Poli, GL Ressler, JJ Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Wiedenhover, I AF Smith, MB Cizewski, JA Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Janssens, RVF Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Amro, H Danchev, M Davids, CN Hartley, DJ Heinz, A Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Ma, WC Poli, GL Ressler, JJ Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Wiedenhover, I TI Systematic study of energy-spin entry distributions at the proton dripline in the A similar to 170 region SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID RADIOACTIVITY; MECHANISM AB Proton-rich Pt, Au and Hg nuclei have been populated following the bombardment of Mo-92,Mo-94,Mo-96 targets by beams of Sr-84. Comparisons are made between the entry distributions associated with both low- and high-spin Au173-177 isomers, as well as the more stable Pt and Hg isobars, as a function of neutron number. This is the first time that a systematic study of such distributions has been conducted for nuclei near and beyond the proton dripline. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Smith, MB (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 433C EP 438C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00670-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500056 ER PT J AU Heinz, A Khoo, TL Reiter, P Ahmad, I Bhattacharyya, P Caggiano, J Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Henning, WF Janssens, RVF Jones, GD Julin, R Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I AF Heinz, A Khoo, TL Reiter, P Ahmad, I Bhattacharyya, P Caggiano, J Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Henning, WF Janssens, RVF Jones, GD Julin, R Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I TI Entry distribution of Th-220: A method to determine the fission barrier of an unstable nucleus SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem AB In a fusion-evaporation reaction the total gamma-energy and multiplicity after particle evaporation - the so-called entry distribution - can be used to estimate the height of the fission barrier as function of angular momentum. This method is especially favorable for unstable nuclei, for which the fission barrier is otherwise very difficult to measure. Here, we have measured the entry distributions of Th-220 at beam energies of 206 MeV and 219.5 MeV in the Yb-176(Ca-48,4n) reaction. The results are compared to a previous measurement using photofission. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Heinz, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 458C EP 463C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00673-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500059 ER PT J AU Kondev, FG Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Alcorta, M Amro, H Caggiano, J Cizewski, JA Danchev, M Davids, CN Hartley, DJ Heinz, A Herskind, B Kaye, RA Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Ma, WC Poli, GL Ressler, J Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Siem, S Smith, MB Sonzogni, AA Varmette, PG Wiedenhover, I AF Kondev, FG Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Abu Saleem, K Ahmad, I Alcorta, M Amro, H Caggiano, J Cizewski, JA Danchev, M Davids, CN Hartley, DJ Heinz, A Herskind, B Kaye, RA Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Ma, WC Poli, GL Ressler, J Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Siem, S Smith, MB Sonzogni, AA Varmette, PG Wiedenhover, I TI First observation of excited structures in neutron deficient, odd-mass Pt, Au and Hg nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID SHAPE COEXISTENCE; ISOTOPES; STATES; MERCURY; HG-178 AB Excited structures in neutron-deficient Pt, Au and Hg isotopes have been investigated for the first time using the Gammasphere spectrometer in conjunction with the recoil-decay tagging technique. Illustrative examples are presented and discussed in the context of shape coexistence in the vicinity of the proton-drip line. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kondev, FG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Alcorta, Martin/G-7107-2011; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Alcorta, Martin/0000-0002-6217-5004; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 487C EP 492C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00677-1 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500063 ER PT J AU Shergur, J Hannawald, M Seweryniak, D Fynbo, H Koester, U Woehr, A Fedorov, D Fedoseyev, V Mishin, V Hoff, P Ressler, J Bickley, A Pfeiffer, B Simon, H Nilsson, T Mach, H Rolander, KW Ravn, H Kratz, KL Walters, W AF Shergur, J Hannawald, M Seweryniak, D Fynbo, H Koester, U Woehr, A Fedorov, D Fedoseyev, V Mishin, V Hoff, P Ressler, J Bickley, A Pfeiffer, B Simon, H Nilsson, T Mach, H Rolander, KW Ravn, H Kratz, KL Walters, W CA ISOLDE Collaboration TI Decay of Sn-135,Sn-136 isolated by use of a laser ion source and evidence for a more harmonic-oscillator-like nuclear potential SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nuclear Structure 2000 (NS2000) CY AUG 15-19, 2000 CL E LANSING, MICHIGAN SP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Phys & Astron, Michigan State Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Grad Sch, Dept Chem ID NUCLIDES; FISSION AB The use of a resonance ionization laser ion source at CERN/ISOLDE has made it possible to study the decay of very neutron-rich Sn135-137. The decay of Sn-135 is found to populate low-energy levels in Sb-135 via direct beta decay and the first excited state in Sb-134 by beta-delayed neutron emission. The level structure of Sb-135 Will be discussed and a possible signature for a more diffuse nuclear surface considered. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CERN, Isolde Collaborat, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Spect, Troitsk 142092, Russia. Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. Dept Neutron Res Studsvik, SE-61182 Nykoping, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Shergur, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Nilsson, Thomas/B-7705-2009; Fedorov, Dmitry/C-9508-2014 OI Nilsson, Thomas/0000-0002-6990-947X; Fedorov, Dmitry/0000-0002-8572-896X NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 682 BP 493C EP 497C PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 406ET UT WOS:000167202500064 ER PT J AU Giedt, J AF Giedt, J TI The KM phase in semi-realistic heterotic orbifold models SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE orbifold; compactification; heterotic string; supergravity; CP violation; quark mixing ID SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING TERMS; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; YANG-MILLS THEORIES; CP-VIOLATION; KAHLER POTENTIALS; STRING THEORY; ANOMALY CANCELLATION; YUKAWA COUPLINGS; MASS MATRICES; ZN ORBIFOLDS AB In string-inspired semi-realistic heterotic orbifolds models with an anomalous U(1)(X), a nonzero Kobayashi-Masakawa (KM) phase is shown to arise generically from the expectation values of complex scalar fields, which appear in nonrenormalizable quark mass couplings. Modular covariant nonrenormalizable superpotential couplings are constructed. A toy Z(3) orbifold model is analyzed in some detail. Modular symmetries and orbifold selection rules are taken into account and do not lead to a cancellation of the KM phase. We also discuss attempts to obtain the KM phase solely from renormalizable interactions. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Giedt, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 71 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 595 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00620-9 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 401DV UT WOS:000166912800001 ER PT J AU Cvetic, M Uranga, AM Wang, J AF Cvetic, M Uranga, AM Wang, J TI Discrete Wilson lines in N=1 D=4 type IIB orientifolds: a systematic exploration for Z(6) orientifold SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID BRANE SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STRING VACUA; I COMPACTIFICATIONS; FLAT DIRECTIONS; 4 DIMENSIONS; ORBIFOLDS AB We develop techniques to construct general discrete Wilson lines in four-dimensional N = 1 type IIB orientifolds, their T-dual realization corresponds to branes positioned at the orbifold fixed points. The explicit order two and three Wilson lines along with their tadpole consistency conditions are given for D =4 N = 1 Z(6) type IIB orientifold. The systematic search for all models with general order three Wilson lines leads to a small class of inequivalent models. There are only two inequivalent classes of a potentially phenomenologically interesting model that has: a possible SU(3)(color) x SU(2)(R) x SU(2)(R) x U(1)(B-L) gauge structure, arising from a set of branes located at the Z(6) orbifold fixed point. We calculate the spectrum and Yukawa couplings for this model. On the other hand, introduction of anti-branes allows for models with three families and realistic gauge group assignment, arising from branes located at the Z(3) orbifold fixed points. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SISSA, ISAS, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Trieste, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP SISSA, ISAS, Via Beirut 2-4, I-34013 Trieste, Italy. EM jingw@fnal.gov OI Uranga, Angel/0000-0002-8203-2545 NR 44 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 595 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 92 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00669-6 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 401DV UT WOS:000166912800004 ER PT J AU Giudice, GF Rattazzi, R Wells, JD AF Giudice, GF Rattazzi, R Wells, JD TI Graviscalars from higher-dimensional metrics and curvature-Higgs mixing SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; COLLIDER SIGNATURES; BRANE WORLD; BOSON; COMPACTIFICATION; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY; SEARCH; TEV AB We investigate the properties of scaler fields arising from gravity propagating in extra dimensions. In the scenario of large extra dimensions, proposed by Arkani-Hamed. Dimopoulos and Dvali, graviscalar Kaluza-Klein excitations are less important than the spin-2 counterparts in most processes. However, there are important exceptions. The Higgs boson can mix to these particles by coupling to the Ricci scaler. Because of the large number of states involved, this mixing leads, in practice, to a sizeable invisible width for the Higgs. In the Randall-Sundrum scenario, the only graviscalar is the radion. It can be produced copiously at hadron colliders by virtue of its enhanced coupling to two gluons through the trace anomaly of QCD. We study both the production and decay of the radion, and compare it to the Standard Model Higgs boson. Furthermore, we find that radion detectability depends crucially on the curvature-Higgs boson mixing parameter. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wells, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 43 TC 217 Z9 217 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 595 IS 1-2 BP 250 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00686-6 PG 27 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 401DV UT WOS:000166912800011 ER PT J AU Hanhart, C Phillips, DR Reddy, S Savage, MJ AF Hanhart, C Phillips, DR Reddy, S Savage, MJ TI Extra dimensions, SN1987a, and nucleon-nucleon scattering data SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-GRAVITY; NEUTRON STARS; SN 1987A; AXIONS; CONSTRAINTS; TEV; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY; PHYSICS AB One of the strongest constraints on the existence of large, compact, "gravity-only" dimensions comes from SN1987a. If the rate of energy loss into these putative extra dimensions is too high, then the neutrino pulse from the supernova will differ from that actually seen. The dominant mechanism for the production of Kaluza-Klein gravitons and dilatons in the supernova is via gravistrahlung and dilastrahlung from the nucleon-nucleon system. In this payer we compute the rates For these processes in a model-independent way using low-energy theorems which relate the emissivities to the measured nucleon-nucleon cross section. This is possible because for soft gravitons and dilatons the leading contribution to the energy-loss rate is from graphs in which the gravitational radiation is produced from external nucleon legs. Previous calculations neglected these mechanisms. We re-evaluate the bounds on toroidally-compactified "gravity-only" dimensions, and find that consistency with the observed SN1987a neutrino signal requires that if there are two such dimensions then their radius must be less than 1 micron. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Phillips, DR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Hanhart, Christoph/0000-0002-3509-2473 NR 43 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 595 IS 1-2 BP 335 EP 359 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00667-2 PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 401DV UT WOS:000166912800015 ER PT J AU Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, GA Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hou, S Huang, Y Ito, AS Jerger, SA Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Leflat, A Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Meng, XC Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rha, J Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sculli, J Sen, N Shabalina, E Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Streets, K Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Thompson, J Toback, D Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM von Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, GA Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hou, S Huang, Y Ito, AS Jerger, SA Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Leflat, A Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Meng, XC Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rha, J Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sculli, J Sen, N Shabalina, E Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Streets, K Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Thompson, J Toback, D Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM von Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A TI Search for large extra dimensions in dielectron and diphoton production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE COMPACT DIMENSIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; CONSTRAINTS; MILLIMETER; TEV AB We report a search for effects of large extra spatial dimensions in p (p) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV with the DO detector, using events containing a pair of electrons or photons. The data are in good agreement with the expected background and do not exhibit evidence for large extra dimensions. We set the most restrictive lower limits to date, at the 95% C.L. on the effective Planck scale between 1.0 and 1.4 TeV for several formalisms and numbers of extra dimensions. C1 NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Sci Nucl, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Inst NIKHEF, FOM, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abbott, B (reprint author), NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. RI Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; OI Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Toback, David/0000-0003-3457-4144; Hays, Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Heinson, Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Strovink, Mark/0000-0001-7020-7769; Madaras, Ronald/0000-0001-7399-2993; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X NR 37 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1156 EP 1161 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1156 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600004 PM 11178033 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akimoto, H Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Berger, R Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Cassell, R Chou, A Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cowan, RF Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M de Groot, N de Sangro, R Dong, DN Doser, M Dubois, R Erofeeva, I Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fernandez, JP Flood, K Frey, R Hart, EL Hasuko, K Hertzbach, SS Huffer, ME Huynh, X Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Kofler, RR Kroeger, RS Langston, M Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, C Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T McKemey, AK Messner, R Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nesom, G Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, CH Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Ratcliff, BN Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Shapiro, G Sinev, NB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Usher, T Va'vra, J Verdier, R Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Wright, TR Yamamoto, RK Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H AF Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akimoto, H Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Berger, R Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Cassell, R Chou, A Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cowan, RF Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M de Groot, N de Sangro, R Dong, DN Doser, M Dubois, R Erofeeva, I Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fernandez, JP Flood, K Frey, R Hart, EL Hasuko, K Hertzbach, SS Huffer, ME Huynh, X Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Kofler, RR Kroeger, RS Langston, M Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, C Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T McKemey, AK Messner, R Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nesom, G Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, CH Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Ratcliff, BN Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Shapiro, G Sinev, NB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Usher, T Va'vra, J Verdier, R Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Wright, TR Yamamoto, RK Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H TI Improved direct measurement of leptonic coupling asymmetries with polarized Z bosons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION ASYMMETRY; VERTEX DETECTOR; E+E COLLISIONS; SLD; PERFORMANCE; CALORIMETER; DESIGN AB We present final measurements of the Z boson-lepton coupling asymmetry parameters A(e), A(mu), and A(tau) with the complete sample of polarized Z bosons collected by the SLD detector at the SLAG Linear Collider. From the left-right production and decay polar angle asymmetries in leptonic Z decays we measure A(e) = 0.1544 +/- 0.0060, A(mu) = 0.142 +/- 0.015, and A(tau) = 0.136 +/- 0.015. Combined with our left- right asymmetry measured from hadronic decays, we find A(e) = 0.1516 +/- 0.0021. Assuming lepton universality, we obtain a combined effective weak mixing angle of sin(2)theta (eff)(W) = 0.230 98 +/- 0.000 26. C1 Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Aomori Univ, Aomori 030, Japan. Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Sezione Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Moscow State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464, Japan. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Soongsil Univ, Seoul 156743, South Korea. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 26 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1162 EP 1166 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1162 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600005 PM 11178034 ER PT J AU Ammar, R Bean, A Besson, D Davis, R Kwak, N Zhao, X Anderson, S Frolov, VV Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Stepaniak, CJ Urheim, J Ahmed, S Alam, MS Athar, SB Jian, L Ling, L Saleem, M Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Eckhart, E Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pedlar, TK Schwarthoff, H Thayer, JB von Toerne, E Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Pavlunin, V Cronin-Hennessy, D Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, R Boulahouache, C Bukin, K Dambasuren, E Karamov, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnieki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Wolf, A Wu, J Kopp, S Mahmood, AH Csorna, SE Danko, I McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D McGee, S Peresa, LP Zhou, GJ Lipeles, E Pappas, SP Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Eppich, A Hill, TS Morrison, RJ Briere, RA Chen, GP Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Blanc, F Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Jones, CD Kreinick, DL Lohner, M Magerkurth, A Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Thayer, JG Urner, D Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Avery, P Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JJ Williams, J Edwards, KW Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ AF Ammar, R Bean, A Besson, D Davis, R Kwak, N Zhao, X Anderson, S Frolov, VV Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Stepaniak, CJ Urheim, J Ahmed, S Alam, MS Athar, SB Jian, L Ling, L Saleem, M Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Eckhart, E Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pedlar, TK Schwarthoff, H Thayer, JB von Toerne, E Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Pavlunin, V Cronin-Hennessy, D Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, R Boulahouache, C Bukin, K Dambasuren, E Karamov, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnieki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Wolf, A Wu, J Kopp, S Mahmood, AH Csorna, SE Danko, I McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D McGee, S Peresa, LP Zhou, GJ Lipeles, E Pappas, SP Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Eppich, A Hill, TS Morrison, RJ Briere, RA Chen, GP Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Blanc, F Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Jones, CD Kreinick, DL Lohner, M Magerkurth, A Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Thayer, JG Urner, D Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Avery, P Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JJ Williams, J Edwards, KW Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ TI First observation of the Sigma(*+)(c) baryon and a new measurement of the Sigma(*+)(c) mass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR AB Using data recorded with the CLEO II and CLEO ILV detector configurations at the Cornell Electron Storage Rings, we report the first observation and mass measurement of the Sigma (c)*(+) charmed baryon, and an updated measurement of the mass of the Sigma (+)(c) baryon. We find M(Sigma (c)*(+)) - M(Lambda (+)(c)) = (231.0 +/- 1.1 +/- 2.0) MeV, and M(Sigma (+)(c)) - M(Lambda (+)(c)) = (166.4 +/- 0.2 +/- 0.3) MeV, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. C1 Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas Pan Amer, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Ammar, R (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1167 EP 1170 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1167 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600006 PM 11178035 ER PT J AU Sanbonmatsu, KY Murillo, MS AF Sanbonmatsu, KY Murillo, MS TI Shear viscosity of strongly coupled Yukawa systems on finite length scales SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA; COEFFICIENTS; TRANSPORT; MIXTURES AB The Yukawa shear viscosity has been calculated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. Near the viscosity minimum, we find exponential decay consistent with the Navier-Stokes equation. with significant deviations on finite length scales for larger viscosity values. The viscosity is determined to be nonlocal on a scale length consistent with the correlation length, revealing the length scales necessary for obtaining transport coefficients in the hydrodynamic limit by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics methods. Our results are quasiuniversal with respect to excess entropy for excess entropies well below unity. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sanbonmatsu, KY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1215 EP 1218 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1215 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600018 PM 11178047 ER PT J AU Fajardo, M Audebert, P Renaudin, P Yashiro, H Shepherd, R Gauthier, JC Chenais-Popovics, C AF Fajardo, M Audebert, P Renaudin, P Yashiro, H Shepherd, R Gauthier, JC Chenais-Popovics, C TI Study of the ion-distribution dynamics of an aluminum laser-produced plasma with picosecond resolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; KINETICS; SPACE; MODEL; CODE AB The ion-distribution dynamics of an expanding aluminum plasma produced by a nanosecond laser pulse at moderate intensity (10(13) W cm(-2)) is studied by point-projection x-ray absorption spectroscopy with unprecedented, picosecond, time resolution. We show that the ionic populations measured as a function of distance to the target and ac different probing times differ markedly from those predicted by widely accepted collisional radiative models coupled to hydrodynamic simulations. We discuss the effects of radiation, conduction, and expansion cooling on the spatiotemporal ionic distribution evolution. C1 Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CEA,CNRS,UMR7605, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Inst Super Tecn, GOLP, Lisbon, Portugal. RP Fajardo, M (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CEA,CNRS,UMR7605, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RI Fajardo, Marta/A-4608-2012 OI Fajardo, Marta/0000-0003-2133-2365 NR 24 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1234 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1231 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600022 PM 11178051 ER PT J AU Coldea, R Tennant, DA Tsvelik, AM Tylczynski, Z AF Coldea, R Tennant, DA Tsvelik, AM Tylczynski, Z TI Experimental realization of a 2D fractional quantum spin liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; MAGNETIC-FIELD; S=1/2 ANTIFERROMAGNET; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CS2CUCL4; DYNAMICS; STATES; CHAINS; WAVES AB The ground-state ordering and dynamics of the two-dimensional S = 1/2 frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet Cs2CuCl4 are explored using neutron scattering in high magnetic fields. We find that the dynamic correlations show a highly dispersive continuum of excited states, characteristic of the resonating valence bond state, arising from pairs of S = 1/2 spinons. Quantum renormalization factors for the excitation energies (1.65) and incommensuration (0.56) are large. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Univ Oxford, Dept Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP Coldea, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tennant, David/Q-2497-2015 OI Tennant, David/0000-0002-9575-3368 NR 27 TC 236 Z9 236 U1 4 U2 45 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1335 EP 1338 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1335 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600048 PM 11178077 ER PT J AU Kim, SK Kortright, JB AF Kim, SK Kortright, JB TI Modified magnetism at a buried Co/Pd interface resolved with X-ray standing waves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ORBITAL MAGNETISM; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; METALLIC MULTILAYERS; CO; MOMENT; SPIN; FILMS; SUPERLATTICES; CONFIRMATION AB Soft x-ray standing waves produced by a multilayer interference substrate add depth sensitivity to magnetic circular dichroism to resolve changes in Co magnetism across a 1 nm distance from the Co center to the Co-on-Pd interface of a Pd/Co/Pd trilayer with an in-plane magnetization. Large enhancements of the number of Co d holes, and of in-plane orbital and spin magnetic moments, are strongly localized at a thin, chemically modified interface layer. These results provide new insight into magnetic anisotropy at interfaces, and suggest a broad applicability of such standing wave measurements to interface magnetism studies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014 NR 37 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1347 EP 1350 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1347 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 401BT UT WOS:000166907600051 PM 11178080 ER PT J AU Murphy, JB Wang, JM AF Murphy, JB Wang, JM TI Correlations and coherence in the microwave instability SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE instability; coherence; beams ID LIGHT AB We expand upon the solvable model for the microwave instability in an electron storage ring as proposed in Wang (Phys, Rev. E 58 (1998) 984). The Vlasov-Maxwell equations are reduced to an integral eigenvalue problem similar to that which arises in the Karhunen-Loeve expansion theory for stochastic processes (Goodman, Statistical Optics, Wiley, New York, 1985). We derive first- and second-order correlation functions for the electron beam line density for the microwave instability. Using a set of coherent modes the correlation functions are diagonalized. A relationship between the first- and second-order correlation functions is obtained and it is shown to be similar to that of the Hanbury-Brown Twiss experiment (Born and Wolf, Principles of Optics, 6th Edition, Pergamon press, New York, 1980; Loudon, The Quantum Theory of Light, Clarendon press, Oxford, 1983). We obtain an expression for the Wigner distribution in terms of the first-order correlation function and relate this to the power in the electric field. We introduce an entropy-like quantity to characterize the coherence of the instability. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Murphy, JB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Bldg 725C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2001 VL 458 IS 3 BP 605 EP 618 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00936-0 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 403KK UT WOS:000167040900001 ER PT J AU Bai, JZ Bao, HC Blum, I Chai, ZW Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Chu, XM Cui, XZ Ding, HL Ding, WY Dong, LY Du, YY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fang, J Fang, WZ Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Guo, YN Han, HG Han, SW Harris, FA Han, Y He, J He, M Heng, YK Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HB Hu, HM Hu, JL Hu, QH Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, GS Huang, JD Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jiang, CH Jiang, YY Jin, Y Jones, BD Xu, X Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, CG Li, F Li, HB Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, WH Li, XH Li, XN Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JH Liu, J Liu, Q Liu, QJ Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZX Lou, JS Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, HY Lu, JG Luo, H Luo, SQ Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Mao, HS Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Mu, LG Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Qi, ND Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Qi, ND Qi, XR Qian, CD Qiu, JF Qu, YH Que, YK Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Sun, Y Sun, YZ Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wan, ZR Wang, F Wang, JF Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, YY Weaver, M Wei, CL Xi, DM Xia, XM Xiao, X Xie, PP Xie, Q Xie, Y Xie, YH Xiong, WJ Xu, CC Xu, ZQ Xu, ST Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, B Yang, CM Yang, CS Yang, CY Yang, DJ Yang, GA Yang, HX Yang, J Yang, XF Yang, W Yao, WL Ye, MH Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, YH Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Yuan, Y Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhan, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, L Zhang, P Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, WR Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, SC Zheng, ZP Zhong, CC Zhou, BQ Zho, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA AF Bai, JZ Bao, HC Blum, I Chai, ZW Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Chu, XM Cui, XZ Ding, HL Ding, WY Dong, LY Du, YY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fang, J Fang, WZ Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Guo, YN Han, HG Han, SW Harris, FA Han, Y He, J He, M Heng, YK Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HB Hu, HM Hu, JL Hu, QH Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, GS Huang, JD Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jiang, CH Jiang, YY Jin, Y Jones, BD Xu, X Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, CG Li, F Li, HB Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, WH Li, XH Li, XN Liu, HM Liu, J Liu, JH Liu, J Liu, Q Liu, QJ Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZX Lou, JS Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, HY Lu, JG Luo, H Luo, SQ Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Mao, HS Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Mu, LG Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Qi, ND Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Qi, ND Qi, XR Qian, CD Qiu, JF Qu, YH Que, YK Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, BW Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Sun, Y Sun, YZ Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wan, ZR Wang, F Wang, JF Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, YY Weaver, M Wei, CL Xi, DM Xia, XM Xiao, X Xie, PP Xie, Q Xie, Y Xie, YH Xiong, WJ Xu, CC Xu, ZQ Xu, ST Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, B Yang, CM Yang, CS Yang, CY Yang, DJ Yang, GA Yang, HX Yang, J Yang, XF Yang, W Yao, WL Ye, MH Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, YH Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Yuan, Y Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhan, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, L Zhang, P Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, HW Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, WR Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, SC Zheng, ZP Zhong, CC Zhou, BQ Zho, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA TI The BES upgrade SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE detectors; DAQ; drift chambers; scintillation counters ID CHAMBER AB The Beijing Spectrometer (BES) detector is a general purpose solenoid detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) in Beijing, China, that has collected large numbers of J/psi, psi', D-s, D and tau events. In this paper, we describe the recent upgrade of the initial BES detector(BESI) to the improved BESII detector. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. AU rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Hangzhou Univ, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China. Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. RP Bai, JZ (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 20 Peachtree Ctr Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RI Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; OI Li, Xiaonan/0000-0003-2857-0219 NR 9 TC 263 Z9 279 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2001 VL 458 IS 3 BP 627 EP 637 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00934-7 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 403KK UT WOS:000167040900003 ER PT J AU Blaufuss, E Guillian, G Fukuda, Y Fukuda, S Ishitsuka, M Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kaneyuki, K Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Miura, M Moriyama, S Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Obayashi, Y Okada, A Okumura, K Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, B Takeuchi, Y Toshito, T Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Kearns, E Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Kropp, WR Mine, S Price, LR Smy, M Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Takemori, D Hayato, Y Ishii, T Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Inagaki, T Nishikawa, K Haines, TJ Kim, BK Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Hill, J Jung, CK Martens, K Malek, M Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Kirisawa, M Inaba, S Mitsuda, C Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahashi, M Takahata, M Nagashima, Y Nitta, K Takita, M Yoshida, M Kim, SB Etoh, M Gando, Y Hasegawa, T Inoue, K Ishihara, K Maruyama, T Shirai, J Suzuki, A Koshiba, M Hatakeyama, Y Ichikawa, Y Koike, M Nishijima, K Fujiyasu, H Ishino, H Morii, M Watanabe, Y Golebiewska, U Kielczewska, D Boyd, SC Stachyra, AL Wilkes, RJ Young, KK AF Blaufuss, E Guillian, G Fukuda, Y Fukuda, S Ishitsuka, M Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kaneyuki, K Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Miura, M Moriyama, S Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Obayashi, Y Okada, A Okumura, K Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, B Takeuchi, Y Toshito, T Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Kearns, E Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Kropp, WR Mine, S Price, LR Smy, M Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Takemori, D Hayato, Y Ishii, T Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Inagaki, T Nishikawa, K Haines, TJ Kim, BK Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Hill, J Jung, CK Martens, K Malek, M Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Kirisawa, M Inaba, S Mitsuda, C Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahashi, M Takahata, M Nagashima, Y Nitta, K Takita, M Yoshida, M Kim, SB Etoh, M Gando, Y Hasegawa, T Inoue, K Ishihara, K Maruyama, T Shirai, J Suzuki, A Koshiba, M Hatakeyama, Y Ichikawa, Y Koike, M Nishijima, K Fujiyasu, H Ishino, H Morii, M Watanabe, Y Golebiewska, U Kielczewska, D Boyd, SC Stachyra, AL Wilkes, RJ Young, KK CA Super-Kamiokande Collaboration TI N-16 as a calibration source for Super-Kamiokande SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE solar neutrinos; calibration; Super-Kamiokande ID NEUTRINO FLUX; CAPTURE RATES; OSCILLATIONS; SPECTRUM; MATTER AB The decay of N-16 is used to cross check the absolute energy scale calibration for solar neutrinos established by the electron linear accelerator (LINAC). A deuterium-tritium neutron generator was employed to create N-16 via the (n,p) reaction on O-16 in the water of the detector. This technique is isotropic and has different systematic uncertainties than the LINAC. The results from this high-statistics data sample agree with the absolute energy scale of the LINAC to better than 1%. A natural source of N-16 from the capture of mu (-) on O-16, Which is collected as a background to the solar neutrino analysis, is also discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Res Ctr Neutrino Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Phys, Carson, CA 90747 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Blaufuss, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Takeuchi, Yasuo/A-4310-2011; Nakamura, Kenzo/F-7174-2010; Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011; Suzuki, Yoichiro/F-7542-2010; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Wilkes, R.Jeffrey/E-6011-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/M-5009-2014; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Koshio, Yusuke/C-2847-2015; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015; Obayashi, Yoshihisa/A-4472-2011 OI Sakurai, Nobuyuki/0000-0002-1002-217X; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Koshio, Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505; NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2001 VL 458 IS 3 BP 638 EP 649 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 403KK UT WOS:000167040900004 ER PT J AU Ashrafi, S Lipoglavsek, M Likar, A Vidmar, T Cederkall, J Fahlander, C Grawe, H Johnson, A Mitarai, S Norlin, LO Nyberg, J Palacz, M Persson, J Seweryniak, D Shizuma, T Sletten, G AF Ashrafi, S Lipoglavsek, M Likar, A Vidmar, T Cederkall, J Fahlander, C Grawe, H Johnson, A Mitarai, S Norlin, LO Nyberg, J Palacz, M Persson, J Seweryniak, D Shizuma, T Sletten, G TI Monte-Carlo simulation of the charged particle detector used in the NORDBALL gamma-ray spectrometer SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Monte-Carlo calculation; NORDBALL; in-beam spectroscopy ID SI DETECTOR; MEV NUCLEON; FUSION AB The NORDBALL silicon detector array for detecting light charged particles emitted in fusion evaporation reactions was simulated with the Monte-Carlo method. The data from the reaction of 261 MeV Ni-58 ions with Cr-50 nuclei in a 4.8 mg/cm(2) thick target was used to adjust the simulation parameters. Relative population of residual nuclei in the reaction was determined, by comparing the intensities of gamma -rays. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Low & Medium Energy Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, FMF, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Lund, Dept Phys, Div Cosm & Subatom Phys, Lund, Sweden. Gesell Schwerionenforsch, Darmstadt, Germany. Kyushu Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neutron Res, Uppsala, Sweden. Warsaw Univ, Heavy Ion Lab, Warsaw, Poland. Uppsala Univ, Dept Radiat Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Ashrafi, S (reprint author), Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Low & Medium Energy Phys, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RI Palacz, Marcin/H-3713-2012 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2001 VL 458 IS 3 BP 690 EP 697 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00894-9 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 403KK UT WOS:000167040900009 ER PT J AU New, KCB Shapiro, SL AF New, KCB Shapiro, SL TI Evolution of differentially rotating supermassive stars to the onset of bar instability SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitation; instabilities; stars : evolution; stars : rotation ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLES; GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION; SECULAR STABILITY; DYNAMIC STABILITY; PRIMORDIAL GAS; LINE REGION; COLLAPSE; CLUSTERS; KINEMATICS AB Thermal emission from a rotating, supermassive star will cause the configuration to contract slowly and spin up. If internal viscosity and magnetic fields are sufficiently weak, the contracting star will rotate differentially. For each of the six initial angular momentum distributions considered, a cooling supermassive star will likely encounter the dynamical bar mode instability, which may trigger the growth of nonaxisymmetric bars. This scenario will lead to the generation of long-wavelength gravitational waves, which could be detectable by future space-based laser interferometers like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP New, KCB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 54 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 548 IS 1 BP 439 EP 446 DI 10.1086/318662 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 401QN UT WOS:000166939900040 ER PT J AU Bjorken, JD AF Bjorken, JD TI The future of particle physics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Review AB After a very brief review of twentieth century elementary particle physics, prospects for the next century are discussed. First and most important are technological limits of opportunities; next, the future experimental program, and finally the status of the theory, in particular its limitations as well as its opportunities. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Bjorken, JD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 16 IS 4 BP 483 EP 502 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 404XC UT WOS:000167126600001 ER PT J AU Vay, JL AF Vay, JL TI An extended FDTD scheme for the wave equation: Application to multiscale electromagnetic simulation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE finite-difference; mesh refinement; electromagnetic; wave equation; FDTD; domain decomposition AB An algorithm for the application of the mesh refinement technique to finite-difference calculation of the wave equation is presented via the introduction of a new "extended" FDTD scheme. This scheme can be viewed as an extension of the Yee scheme using a new set of variables relating to the direction of propagation of the waves alone an axis. Because of this additional information, this scheme allows a more natural implementation of the mesh refinement technique. The extended scheme is presented for both a one-dimensional and a multidimensional system. The mesh refinement algorithm is given in one dimension, and the performances are compared to other proposed schemes. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Lawrence Berkeley natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vay, JL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 167 IS 1 BP 72 EP 98 DI 10.1006/jcph.2000.6659 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 405YF UT WOS:000167187600004 ER PT J AU Bates, JW Knoll, DA Rider, WJ Lowrie, RB Mousseau, VA AF Bates, JW Knoll, DA Rider, WJ Lowrie, RB Mousseau, VA TI On consistent time-integration methods for radiation hydrodynamics in the equilibrium diffusion limit: Low-energy-density regime SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE finite-volume methods; radiation hydrodynamics; nonlinear iterative schemes; Newton-Krylov ID NEWTON-KRYLOV METHOD; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; HEAT-CONDUCTION; EQUATIONS; SOLVERS; SYSTEMS; SCHEME AB We compare the accuracy of three, mixed explicit-implicit schemes for simulating nonrelativistic, radiative hydrodynamic phenomena in the equilibrium diffusion limit. Only the "low-energy-density" regime is considered, where it is possible to ignore the effects of radiation pressure and energy density in comparison to the fluid pressure and energy density. The governing equations are then those of compressible Eulerian hydrodynamics with a nonlinear, radiative heat-transfer term appearing in the energy equation. All three finite-volume methods in this study utilize an explicit Godunov method with an approximate Riemann solver to integrate the Euler equations, but differ in their iterative treatment of the radiation diffusion term, which is handled in an "operator-split" fashion. In the first method, diffusive effects are computed with a linearized implicit technique that does not converge nonlinearities within a computational time step. In the other two methods, a Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov procedure is used to converge the nonlinearities, and improved accuracy (but not always greater efficiency) is achieved over the more traditional linearized-implicit approach. The two Newton-Krylov methods differ in their order of accuracy in time; one is strictly first-order accurate, while the other attempts to achieve second-order accuracy by making use of a predictor-corrector architecture. Several examples are considered to demonstrate the convergence properties of the three schemes, but attention is limited to spherically symmetric problems such as the one-dimensional point explosion. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat & Comp Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 167 IS 1 BP 99 EP 130 DI 10.1006/jcph.2000.6661 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 405YF UT WOS:000167187600005 ER PT J AU Miller, GH Colella, P AF Miller, GH Colella, P TI A high-order Eulerian Godunov method for elastic-plastic flow in solids SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE solid mechanics; shock waves; Godunov method; elasticity; plasticity ID CONSERVATION-LAWS; SCHEME AB We present an explicit second-order-accurate Godunov finite difference method for the solution of the equations of solid mechanics in one, two, and three spatial dimensions. The solid mechanics equations are solved in nonconservation form, with the novel application of a diffusion-like correction to enforce the gauge condition that the deformation tensor be the gradient of a vector. Physically conserved flow variables (e.g., mass, momentum, and energy) are strictly conserved; only the deformation gradient field is not. Verification examples demonstrate the accurate capturing of plastic and elastic shock waves across approximately five computational cells. 2D and 3D results are obtained without spatial operator splitting. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GHMiller@lbl.gov; PColella@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 167 IS 1 BP 131 EP 176 DI 10.1006/jcph.2000.6665 PG 46 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 405YF UT WOS:000167187600006 ER PT J AU Xu, TF Pruess, K AF Xu, TF Pruess, K TI On fluid flow and mineral alteration in fractured caprock of magmatic hydrothermal systems SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID MULTICOMPONENT REACTIVE TRANSPORT; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; POROUS-MEDIA; MODEL DEVELOPMENT; ROCK INTERACTION; PRECIPITATION; EQUILIBRIUM; EVOLUTION; WATER; PERMEABILITY AB Geochemical evolution in hydrothermal fractured rock systems occurs through a complex interplay of multiphase fluid and heat how and chemical transport processes. Building on previous work, we present here simulations of reactive hydrothermal flow that include (1) detailed fracture-matrix interaction for fluid, heat, and chemical constituents, (2) gas-phase participation in multiphase fluid flow and geochemical reactions, (3) the kinetics of fluid-rock chemical interaction, and (4) heat effects on thermophysical and chemical properties and processes. The present study uses, as an example, water and gas chemistry data as well as caprock mineral composition from the hydrothermal system in Long Valley Caldera (LVC), California. The flow system studied is intended to capture realistic features of fractured magmatic hydrothermal systems. The purpose of this "numerical experiment" is to gain useful insight into process mechanisms such as fracture-matrix interaction, liquid-gas phase partitioning, and conditions and parameters controlling water-gas-rock interactions in a hydrothermal setting. Simulation results indicate that almost all CO2 is transported through the fracture. Cooling and condensation results in an elevated CO2 partial pressure. The CO2 is the dominant gas-phase constituent close to the land surface. Close to the heat source, dissolution dominates over precipitation. Away from the heat source precipitation dominates because chemical constituents, transported from the bottom, precipitate in a lower-temperature environment. Mixing with cold meteoric water enhances mineral dissolution and precipitation effects. The rock alteration pattern is sensitive to reaction kinetics. The predicted alteration of primary rock minerals and the development of secondary mineral assemblages are generally consistent with field observations in the LVC. The observed sequence of argillic alteration in the LVC consists of an upper zone with smectite and kaolinite (in the lower-temperature region), a lower illite zone, and an intermediate mixed illite and smectite zone. The sequence is reasonably well reproduced in the numerical simulation. In addition, calcite and chlorite precipitation in the hot region coincides with the observations. Using the reactive geochemical transport model, we have successfully simulated spatial distribution of the three argillic alteration zones. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Tianfu_Xu@lbl.gov; K_Pruess@lbl.gov NR 50 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 106 IS B2 BP 2121 EP 2138 DI 10.1029/2000JB900356 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 397KU UT WOS:000166695500012 ER PT J AU Ji, HF Hansen, KM Hu, Z Thundat, T AF Ji, HF Hansen, KM Hu, Z Thundat, T TI Detection of pH variation using modified microcantilever sensors SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE microcantilevers; pH; surface stress; microcantilever bending ID INDUCED SURFACE STRESS; RESONATING MICROCANTILEVERS; FORCE MICROSCOPE; ADSORPTION AB A micromechanical technique for measuring solution pH using modified silicon (SiO2) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) microcantilevers is described. As the modified surface of the cantilever accumulates charge proportional to the pH of the surrounding liquid, the cantilever undergoes bending due to the differential surface stress. Results are presented for chemically modified (4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane, 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) and metal-modified (Au/Al) surfaces over a pH range 2-12. Aminosilane-modified SiO2/Au cantilevers performed robustly over pH range 2-8 (49 nm deflection/pH unit), while Si3N4/Au cantilevers performed well st pH 2-6 and 8-12 (30 nm deflection/pH unit). The influences of other ions on cantilever bending were found to be negligible below 10(-2) M concentration. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Thundat, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hu, Zhiyu/J-7742-2013 NR 21 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD FEB 10 PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 233 EP 238 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(00)00678-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 400VW UT WOS:000166893200007 ER PT J AU Tomkins, BA Sega, GA Ho, CH AF Tomkins, BA Sega, GA Ho, CH TI Determination of Lewisite oxide in soil using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography with flame photometric or mass spectrometric detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE soil; warfare agents; environmental analysis; Lewisite oxide; organoarsenic compounds; arsenic; chlorovinyl arsonous acid; chlorovinyl arsenous oxide; chlorovinyldichloroarsine ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; DERIVATIZATION; ACID AB A rapid, sensitive, and convenient method is described for determining Lewisite oxide in soil. Samples are initially fortified with phenylarsine oxide (surrogate), then both species are extracted using ascorbic acid solutions containing 1,3-propanedithiol (derivatizing reagent). The corresponding filtered supernatant is sampled using a solid-phase microextraction fiber. Collected analytes are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using fused-silica capillary columns ("primary" and "confirmatory"), and detected with either a mass spectrometric (selected ion monitoring mode) or flame photometric (sulfur-selective mode) detector. Two independent statistically-unbiased procedures were used to evaluate the detection limit for Lewisite oxide; the values range between 0.1 and 0.5 mug g(-1) soil. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Org Chem & Separat Sect, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tomkins, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Org Chem & Separat Sect, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Tomkins, Bruce/0000-0001-8520-1415 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 9 PY 2001 VL 909 IS 1 BP 13 EP 28 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00796-2 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 399GB UT WOS:000166802300003 PM 11218137 ER PT J AU Fritz, JS Masso, JJ AF Fritz, JS Masso, JJ TI Miniaturized solid-phase extraction with resin disks SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE solid-phase extraction; membranes; instrumentation; benzenes ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS AB The properties and advantages of membrane disks for solid-phase extraction (SPE) are described. Miniaturization is a trend in SPE, as well as chemical analysis in general. A semimicro method is reviewed in which an extraction disk 4 mm in diameter is used for SPE. Even smaller scale separations are possible with a device in which a membrane 0.7 mm in diameter was incorporated into the needle of a 50-mul syringe. Aqueous samples containing 10 ppb of eight substituted benzenes were passed through the miniaturized-SPE syringe automatically using a single-syringe infusion pump. Elution volumes of 5 mul provided 500-fold concentrations and delivered average recoveries greater than 90% and an average relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.6% for the analytes. Direct injection of the 5 mul eluate from the miniaturized-SPE syringe into a gas chromatograph also produced average recoveries greater than 90% and an average RSD of 6.2%. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V: All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, 322 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 7 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 9 PY 2001 VL 909 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)01014-1 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 399GB UT WOS:000166802300009 PM 11218144 ER PT J AU Camaioni, DM Bays, JT Shaw, WJ Linehan, JC Birnbaum, JC AF Camaioni, DM Bays, JT Shaw, WJ Linehan, JC Birnbaum, JC TI Radical and non-radical mechanisms for alkane oxidations by hydrogen peroxide-trifluoroacetic acid SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXENOID OXYGEN INSERTION; ABSTRACTION REACTIONS; REBOUND MECHANISM; INDUCED HOMOLYSIS; ATOM INSERTION; CH BONDS; DIMETHYLDIOXIRANE; MODEL; HYDROXYLATION; DIOXIRANES AB The oxidation of cyclohexane by the H2O2-trifluoroacetic acid system is revisited. Consistent with a previous report (Deno, N.; Messer, L. A. Chem. Comm. 1976, 1051), cyclohexanol forms initially but then esterifies to cyclohexyl trifluoroacetate. Small amounts of trans-1,2-cyclohexadiyl bis-(trifluoroacetate) also form. Although these products form irrespective of the presence or absence of O-2, dual mechanisms are shown to operate. In the absence of Oz, the dominant mechanism is a radical chain reaction that is propagated by CF (3) over circle abstracting H from C6H12 and S(H)2 displacement of C6H ((11)) over circle on CF3CO2OH. The intermediacy of C6H ((11)) over circle and CF ((3)) over circle is inferred from production of CHF3 and CO2 along with cyclohexyl trifluoroacetate, or CDF3 when cyclohexane-d(12) is used. In the presence of O-2, fluoroform and CO2 are suppressed, the reaction rate slows, and the rate law approaches second order (first order in peracid and in C6H12). Trapping of cyclohexyl radicals by quinoxaline is inefficient except at elevated (similar to 75 degreesC) temperatures. Fluoroform and CO2, telltale evidence for the chain pathway, were not produced when quinoxaline was present in room temperature reactions. These observations suggest that a parallel, nonfree radical,oxenoid insertion mechanism dominates when O-2 is present. A pathway is discussed in which a biradicaloid-zwiterionic transition state is attained by hydrogen transfer from alkane to peroxide oxygen with synchronous O-O bond scission. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Camaioni, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2001 VL 66 IS 3 BP 789 EP 795 DI 10.1021/jo005617d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 401TF UT WOS:000166943800021 PM 11430097 ER PT J AU Weber, W Riesen, S Siegmann, HC AF Weber, W Riesen, S Siegmann, HC TI Magnetization precession by hot spin injection SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; MULTILAYER; JUNCTIONS; REVERSAL; POLARIZATION; EXCITATIONS; INTERFACE; MOTION AB As electrons are injected at various energies into ferromagnetic material with their spin polarization vector perpendicular to the axis of the magnetization, we observe precessional motion of the spin polarization on the femtosecond time scale. Because of angular momentum conservation, the magnetization vector must process as well. We show that spin injection will generate the precessional magnetization reversal in nanosized ferromagnetic bits. At reasonable injected current densities this occurs on the picosecond time scale. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Weber, W (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. EM weber@solid.phys.ethz.ch NR 29 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 9 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5506 BP 1015 EP 1018 DI 10.1126/science.1057430 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 400EW UT WOS:000166860100037 PM 11161209 ER PT J AU Lelieveld, J Crutzen, PJ Ramanathan, V Andreae, MO Brenninkmeijer, CAM Campos, T Cass, GR Dickerson, RR Fischer, H de Gouw, JA Hansel, A Jefferson, A Kley, D de Laat, ATJ Lal, S Lawrence, MG Lobert, JM Mayol-Bracero, OL Mitra, AP Novakov, T Oltmans, SJ Prather, KA Reiner, T Rodhe, H Scheeren, HA Sikka, D Williams, J AF Lelieveld, J Crutzen, PJ Ramanathan, V Andreae, MO Brenninkmeijer, CAM Campos, T Cass, GR Dickerson, RR Fischer, H de Gouw, JA Hansel, A Jefferson, A Kley, D de Laat, ATJ Lal, S Lawrence, MG Lobert, JM Mayol-Bracero, OL Mitra, AP Novakov, T Oltmans, SJ Prather, KA Reiner, T Rodhe, H Scheeren, HA Sikka, D Williams, J TI The Indian Ocean Experiment: Widespread air pollution from South and Southeast Asia SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHLORINE EMISSIONS INVENTORY; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; AIRCRAFT MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; REACTIVE CHLORINE; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; CHEMISTRY; PARTICLES AB The Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) was an international, multiplatform field campaign to measure Long-range transport of air pollution from South and Southeast Asia toward the Indian Ocean during the dry monsoon season in January to March 1999. Surprisingly high pollution Levels were observed over the entire northern Indian Ocean toward the Intertropical Convergence Zone at about 6 degreesS. We show that agricultural burning and especially biofuel use enhance carbon monoxide concentrations. Fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning cause a high aerosol Loading. The growing pollution in this region gives rise to extensive air quality degradation with Local, regional, and global implications, including a reduction of the oxidizing power of the atmosphere. C1 Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Atmospher Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Res Ctr Julich, D-52428 Julich, Germany. Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. Natl Phys Lab, New Delhi 110012, India. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Lelieveld, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. EM lelieveld@mpch-mainz.mpg.de RI Crutzen, Paul/F-6044-2012; Jefferson, Anne/K-4793-2012; Brenninkmeijer, Carl/B-6860-2013; Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Hansel, Armin/F-3915-2010; Dickerson, Russell/F-2857-2010; Andreae, Meinrat/B-1068-2008; Lelieveld, Johannes/A-1986-2013 OI Prather, Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Hansel, Armin/0000-0002-1062-2394; Dickerson, Russell/0000-0003-0206-3083; Andreae, Meinrat/0000-0003-1968-7925; NR 63 TC 443 Z9 458 U1 13 U2 99 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 9 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5506 BP 1031 EP 1036 DI 10.1126/science.1057103 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 400EW UT WOS:000166860100042 PM 11161214 ER PT J AU Rohatgi, A Vecchio, KS Gray, GT AF Rohatgi, A Vecchio, KS Gray, GT TI A metallographic and quantitative analysis of the influence of stacking fault energy on shock-hardening in Cu and Cu-Al alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE copper alloys; dynamic phenomena; dislocations; Bauschinger effect; grain boundaries ID HIGH-STRAIN RATE; SUBSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT; DEFORMATION; COPPER; METALS AB This paper deals with the mechanical behavior of Cu and solid-solution Cu-Al alloys that were shock-deformed to 10 and 35 GPa. All the shock-deformed materials showed shock-strengthening that was greater at higher shock pressure and decreased with decreasing stacking fault energy (SFE) at both shock pressures. In the literature. shock-strengthening has been qualitatively ascribed to a greater dislocation density and the formation of deformation twins without addressing the question as to why shock-strengthening is lower in low SFE materials. This question is addressed in the present work by quantifying the twin contribution to the total post-shock strength. The twin contribution was found to increase with decreasing SFE suggesting that the contribution of dislocations concurrently decreases. The stored energy of as-shock deformed materials was measured and found to decrease with decreasing SFE implying a lower net stored dislocation density in the lower SFE alloys. It is suggested that a lower net stored dislocation density in low SFE alloys results in the observed lower shock strengthening. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rohatgi, A (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rohatgi@ames.ucsd.edu RI Vecchio, Kenneth/F-6300-2011 OI Vecchio, Kenneth/0000-0003-0217-6803 NR 42 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 3 BP 427 EP 438 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00335-9 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 400KQ UT WOS:000166871100006 ER PT J AU Wang, HB Thoss, M Sorge, KL Gelabert, R Gimenez, X Miller, WH AF Wang, HB Thoss, M Sorge, KL Gelabert, R Gimenez, X Miller, WH TI Semiclassical description of quantum coherence effects and their quenching: A forward-backward initial value representation study SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONICALLY NONADIABATIC DYNAMICS; TIME-CORRELATION FUNCTIONS; COMPLEX MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS; WAVE-PACKET PROPAGATION; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; LINEARIZED APPROXIMATION; WAVEPACKET PROPAGATION; CONDENSED-PHASE AB The forward-backward (FB) version of the semiclassical (SC) initial value representation (IVR) is used to study quantum coherence effects in the time-dependent probability distribution of an anharmonic vibrational coordinate and its quenching when coupled to a thermal bath. It is shown that the FB-IVR accurately reproduces the detailed quantum coherent structure in the weak coupling regime, and also describes how this coherence is quenched with an increase of the system-bath coupling and/or the bath temperature. Comparisons are made with other approximations and the physical implications are discussed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM miller@neon.cchem.berkeley.edu RI Wang, Haobin/E-1208-2011; Thoss, Michael/C-5976-2013; Gelabert, Ricard/K-5249-2014 OI Gelabert, Ricard/0000-0001-6506-5786 NR 73 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 6 BP 2562 EP 2571 DI 10.1063/1.1337802 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397AQ UT WOS:000166671100006 ER PT J AU Gelabert, R Gimenez, X Thoss, M Wang, HB Miller, WH AF Gelabert, R Gimenez, X Thoss, M Wang, HB Miller, WH TI Semiclassical description of diffraction and its quenching by the forward-backward version of the initial value representation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONICALLY NONADIABATIC DYNAMICS; CUMULATIVE REACTION PROBABILITIES; TIME-CORRELATION FUNCTIONS; COMPLEX MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS; THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; LINEARIZED APPROXIMATION; WAVEPACKET PROPAGATION; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; PHASE SPACE; S-MATRIX AB It is shown that the forward-backward (FB) version of the semiclassical (SC) initial value representation (IVR) is able to describe quantum interference/coherence (i.e., diffraction) of particles transmitted by a two-slit potential. (In contrast, the linearized approximation to the SC-IVR, which leads to the classical Wigner model, is unable to do so.) FB-IVR calculations are also used to describe the (partial) quenching of this interference structure (i.e., "de-coherence") when the two-slit potential is coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gelabert, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wang, Haobin/E-1208-2011; Thoss, Michael/C-5976-2013; Gelabert, Ricard/K-5249-2014 OI Gelabert, Ricard/0000-0001-6506-5786 NR 77 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 6 BP 2572 EP 2579 DI 10.1063/1.1337803 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397AQ UT WOS:000166671100007 ER PT J AU Westley, MS Lorenz, KT Chandler, DW Houston, PL AF Westley, MS Lorenz, KT Chandler, DW Houston, PL TI Differential cross sections for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO from He and D-2 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE TRANSITIONS; PRESERVING PROPENSITIES; COUNTERPROPAGATING BEAM; MOLECULAR-COLLISIONS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; KINETIC-ENERGY; RATE CONSTANTS; AR; N-2; POLARIZATION AB State selective differential cross sections for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO (J(i)=0.5, 1.5, F-1-->J(f)=2.5-12.5, F-1 and J(f)=1.5-9.5, F-2) from He and D-2 measured by crossed molecular beam product imaging are reported. The differential cross sections were extracted from the data images using a new basis image iterative fitting technique. The images typically exhibit a single broad rotational rainbow maximum that shifts from the forward to the backward scattering direction with increasing DeltaJ. The angle of the rainbow maximum was lower at a given DeltaJ for D-2 than for He as a collision partner. At a collision energy of similar to 500 cm(-1), primarily the repulsive part of the potential surface is probed, which can be modeled with a two-dimensional hard ellipse potential. This model for rotationally inelastic scattering is shown to qualitatively match the experimental differential cross sections. A more advanced correlated electron pair approximation potential energy surface for NO+He does not give substantially better agreement with the experiment. The differences between scattering of He and D-2 are partially attributed to their differing structure and partially to a small difference in collision energy used in the two experiments. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Westley, MS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 40 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 6 BP 2669 EP 2680 DI 10.1063/1.1338528 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397AQ UT WOS:000166671100016 ER PT J AU Putz, M Curro, JG Grest, GS AF Putz, M Curro, JG Grest, GS TI Self-consistent integral equation theory for polyolefins: Comparison to molecular dynamics simulations and x-ray scattering SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATHERMAL POLYMER BLENDS; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MIXING BEHAVIOR; THERMODYNAMICS; LIQUIDS; FLUIDS; MELTS; POLYPROPYLENE; DIFFRACTION AB We report on self-consistent polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) calculations as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for several types of polyolefins. For all polymer types one single set of potential parameters was used. In general we find good semi-quantitative agreement between PRISM and MD results. Further we compare both MD and PRISM results to experimental x-ray scattering data and show that the potentials used give a good to excellent description of these data. From the quality of the PRISM calculations it is clear that PRISM can be used as an efficient tool in model development. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Putz, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. NR 36 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 6 BP 2847 EP 2860 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397AQ UT WOS:000166671100037 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Friedrich, DM Ainsworth, CC Hemmer, SL Joly, AG Beversluis, MR AF Wang, Z Friedrich, DM Ainsworth, CC Hemmer, SL Joly, AG Beversluis, MR TI Ground-state proton transfer tautomer of Al(III)-salicylate complexes in ethanol solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ENOL-KETO TAUTOMERIZATION; HYDROXY CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; SALICYLIC-ACID; EXCITED-STATE; METHYL SALICYLATE; ORTHO-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; ALUMINUM(III) SPECIATION; TRIPLE FLUORESCENCE; ELECTRONIC STATES AB The tautomerization of salicylate anion in the presence of Ai(III) in ethanol was studied by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, anisotropy, and lifetime measurements from 100 to 298 K. Complexation with AI(III) causes an equilibrium shift from the normal form of the salicylate anion toward the tautomer form, demonstrating that the presence of a highly charged cation, Al(III), stabilizes the tautomer form of salicylate. Spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of salicylate and other salicyl derivatives in the presence of AI(III) reveal three types of Al(III)-saIicylate complexes. In type I complexes, salicylate binds to Al(III) through the carboxylate group, preserving the intramolecular hydrogen bend between the carbonyl oxygen and the phenol group, as indicated by the largely Stokes-shifted fluorescence emission following an excited state proton transfer process. In type II complexes, salicylate binds to Al(III) through the carboxylate group, but the phenol proton is oriented away from the carbonyl oxygen so that the complex shows short wavelength fluorescence emission characteristic of substituted phenolic compounds. In type III complexes, Al(III) stabilizes and binds to the tautomer form of salicylate through the phenolate oxygen, in which salicylate exists in its proton transferred tautomer form. Absorption spectra recorded at temperatures between 100 K anf 298 K indicate that the type III tautomer complex is energetically favored at low temperature, although type I is the dominant species at room temperature. All three types of complexes are interconvertible above the ethanol glass transition temperature. However, below the glass transition temperature interconversion ceases, indicating large amplitude atomic motion is involved in the conversion. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dfriedrich@ocli.com RI Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010 OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357 NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 5 BP 942 EP + DI 10.1021/jp002844a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 400AF UT WOS:000166845900019 ER PT J AU Dimitrijevic, NM Bartels, DM Jonah, CD Takahashi, K Rajh, T AF Dimitrijevic, NM Bartels, DM Jonah, CD Takahashi, K Rajh, T TI Radiolytically induced formation and optical absorption spectra of colloidal silver nanoparticles in supercritical ethane SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SMALL-PARTICLE RESEARCH; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CLUSTERS; REDUCTION; AG+; GROWTH; IONS; CO2 AB Colloidal silver nanoparticles were synthesized in supercritical ethane at 80 degreesC and 80-120 bar, with methanol as cosolvent. Solvated electrons, produced by a pulse of 20 MeV electrons, reduced the silver ions. The time-resolved technique of pulse radiolysis was employed to characterize the reduction products and colloidal metallic particles. The absorption spectra of small silver clusters (Ag-2(+), Ag-3(+), Ag-4(2+), etc.) were detected at short times after the pulse. Colloidal metallic silver particles were identified by their characteristic plasmon absorption at 1-10 s after the pulse. Colloidal particles are stable for hours in supercritical ethane. The particles are less than 10 nm in diameter. Their size was determined using transmission electron microscope after precipitation from the solution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dimitrijevic, NM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Takahashi, Kenji/C-8846-2011; Takahashi, Kenji/F-4885-2014 NR 36 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 5 BP 954 EP 959 DI 10.1021/jp0028296 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 400AH UT WOS:000166846100007 ER PT J AU Kawai, J Shinagawa, A Shibata, K Yoshino, M Itoh, M Ishii, Y Arakawa, T Hara, A Fukunishi, Y Konno, H Adachi, J Fukuda, S Aizawa, K Izawa, M Nishi, K Kiyosawa, H Kondo, S Yamanaka, I Saito, T Okazaki, Y Gojobori, T Bono, H Kasukawa, T Saito, R Kadota, K Matsuda, H Ashburner, M Batalov, S Casavant, T Fleischmann, W Gaasterland, T Gissi, C King, B Kochiwa, H Kuehl, P Lewis, S Matsuo, Y Nikaido, I Pesole, G Quackenbush, J Schriml, LM Staubli, F Suzuki, R Tomita, M Wagner, L Washio, T Sakai, K Okido, T Furuno, M Aono, H Baldarelli, R Barsh, G Blake, J Boffelli, D Bojunga, N Carninci, P de Bonaldo, MF Brownstein, MJ Bult, C Fletcher, C Fujita, M Gariboldi, M Gustincich, S Hill, D Hofmann, M Hume, DA Kamiya, M Lee, NH Lyons, P Marchionni, L Mashima, J Mazzarelli, J Mombaerts, P Nordone, P Ring, B Ringwald, M Rodriguez, I Sakamoto, N Sasaki, H Sato, K Schonbach, C Seya, T Shibata, Y Storch, KF Suzuki, H Toyo-oka, K Wang, KH Weitz, C Whittaker, C Wilming, L Wynshaw-Boris, A Yoshida, K Hasegawa, Y Kawaji, H Kohtsuki, S Hayashizaki, Y AF Kawai, J Shinagawa, A Shibata, K Yoshino, M Itoh, M Ishii, Y Arakawa, T Hara, A Fukunishi, Y Konno, H Adachi, J Fukuda, S Aizawa, K Izawa, M Nishi, K Kiyosawa, H Kondo, S Yamanaka, I Saito, T Okazaki, Y Gojobori, T Bono, H Kasukawa, T Saito, R Kadota, K Matsuda, H Ashburner, M Batalov, S Casavant, T Fleischmann, W Gaasterland, T Gissi, C King, B Kochiwa, H Kuehl, P Lewis, S Matsuo, Y Nikaido, I Pesole, G Quackenbush, J Schriml, LM Staubli, F Suzuki, R Tomita, M Wagner, L Washio, T Sakai, K Okido, T Furuno, M Aono, H Baldarelli, R Barsh, G Blake, J Boffelli, D Bojunga, N Carninci, P de Bonaldo, MF Brownstein, MJ Bult, C Fletcher, C Fujita, M Gariboldi, M Gustincich, S Hill, D Hofmann, M Hume, DA Kamiya, M Lee, NH Lyons, P Marchionni, L Mashima, J Mazzarelli, J Mombaerts, P Nordone, P Ring, B Ringwald, M Rodriguez, I Sakamoto, N Sasaki, H Sato, K Schonbach, C Seya, T Shibata, Y Storch, KF Suzuki, H Toyo-oka, K Wang, KH Weitz, C Whittaker, C Wilming, L Wynshaw-Boris, A Yoshida, K Hasegawa, Y Kawaji, H Kohtsuki, S Hayashizaki, Y CA RIKEN Genome Exploration Res Grp TI Functional annotation of a full-length mouse cDNA collection SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CLONING; TOOL AB The RIKEN Mouse Gene Encyclopaedia Project, a systematic approach to determining the full coding potential of the mouse genome, involves collection and sequencing of full-length complementary DNAs and physical mapping of the corresponding genes to the mouse genome. We organized an international functional annotation meeting (FANTOM) to annotate the first 21,076 cDNAs to be analysed in this project. Here we describe the first RIKEN clone collection, which is one of the largest described for any organism. Analysis of these cDNAs extends known gene families and identifies new ones. C1 Yokohama Inst, RIKEN Genom Sci Ctr, Lab Genome Explorat, Res Grp,Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. JST, CREST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050074, Japan. Natl Inst Genet, Ctr Informat Biol, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. NTT Software Corp, Naka Ku, Kanagawa 2318554, Japan. Osaka Univ, Osaka 5608531, Japan. European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Univ Iowa, Coordinated Lab Computat Genom, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fisiol & Biochim Gen, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Keio Univ, Fac Environm Informat, Lab Bioinformat, Kanagawa 2520816, Japan. Univ Maryland, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Baltimore, MD 20201 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yokohama Inst, RIKEN Genom Sci Ctr, Bioinformat Grp, Computat Proteom Team,Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. Tokai Univ, Grad Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Shizuoka 4248610, Japan. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. LION Biosci AG, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Beckman Ctr B271A, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NIMH, Genet Lab, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138655, Japan. Ist Tumori Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Wellcome Trust Ctr Mol Mechanisms Dis, Dept Med Genet, Cambridge CB2 2XY, England. LNCIB, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioinformat, Computat & Bioinformat Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Buffalo, Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Amherst, NY 14226 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Beckman Ctr B281, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Natl Canc Res Inst, Chuo Ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. Yokohama Inst, RIKEN Genom Sci Ctr, Bioinformat Grp, Computat Genom Team,Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. Osaka Med Ctr Canc, Higashinari Ku, Osaka 5378511, Japan. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. MIT, Ctr Learning & Memory, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, MIT CCR, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1SA, Cambs, England. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan. RP Kawai, J (reprint author), Yokohama Inst, RIKEN Genom Sci Ctr, Lab Genome Explorat, Res Grp,Tsurumi Ku, 1-7-22 Suehiro Cho, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. RI shibata, kazuhiro/A-9527-2008; Brownstein, Michael/B-8609-2009; Kadota, Koji/C-9168-2011; Seya, Tsukasa/A-4336-2012; Konno, Hideaki/A-9191-2012; Saito, Takashi/C-9684-2009; Pesole, Graziano/C-1408-2009; Hume, David/C-7695-2013; Mashima, Jun/F-3706-2010; Pesole, Graziano/E-9051-2014; NIKAIDO, Itoshi/K-2058-2014; Carninci, Piero/K-1568-2014; Konno, Hideaki/N-4366-2014; Kasukawa, Takeya/N-5070-2015; Itoh, Masayoshi/N-5363-2015; Suzuki, Harukazu/N-9553-2015; Wang, Kuan Hong/J-1150-2016; Kawai, Jun/A-6451-2016; Schonbach, Christian/B-1998-2009; Kawaji, Hideya/N-5116-2015; gariboldi, manuela/K-4744-2016; OI Saito, Takashi/0000-0001-9495-3547; Pesole, Graziano/0000-0003-3663-0859; Mashima, Jun/0000-0003-4138-1893; Pesole, Graziano/0000-0003-3663-0859; NIKAIDO, Itoshi/0000-0002-7261-2570; Carninci, Piero/0000-0001-7202-7243; Konno, Hideaki/0000-0002-8470-4835; Kasukawa, Takeya/0000-0001-5085-0802; Itoh, Masayoshi/0000-0002-1772-318X; Suzuki, Harukazu/0000-0002-8087-0836; Wang, Kuan Hong/0000-0002-2249-5417; Schonbach, Christian/0000-0002-0693-7617; Kawaji, Hideya/0000-0002-0575-0308; gariboldi, manuela/0000-0001-8406-165X; Gissi, Carmela/0000-0002-2269-079X; Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851; Blake, Judith/0000-0001-8522-334X; Bono, Hidemasa/0000-0003-4413-0651 NR 26 TC 475 Z9 504 U1 2 U2 22 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 8 PY 2001 VL 409 IS 6821 BP 685 EP 690 DI 10.1038/35055500 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 399MF UT WOS:000166816400034 PM 11217851 ER PT J AU Brewin, LC Gentle, AP AF Brewin, LC Gentle, AP TI On the convergence of Regge calculus to general relativity SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article AB Motivated by a recent study which cast doubt on the correspondence between Regge calculus and general relativity in the continuum limit, we explore a mechanism by which the simplicial solutions can converge, whilst the residual of the Regge equations evaluated on the continuum solutions does not. By directly constructing simplicial solutions for the Kasner cosmology we show that the oscillatory behaviour of the discrepancy between the Einstein and Regge solutions reconciles the apparent conflict between the results of Brewin and those of previous studies. We conclude that solutions of Regge calculus are, in general, expected to be second-order accurate approximations to the corresponding continuum solutions. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0264-9381 J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV JI Class. Quantum Gravity PD FEB 7 PY 2001 VL 18 IS 3 BP 517 EP 525 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/18/3/311 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 404HH UT WOS:000167091000014 ER PT J AU Koca, J Zhan, CG Rittenhouse, RC Ornstein, RL AF Koca, J Zhan, CG Rittenhouse, RC Ornstein, RL TI Mobility of the active site bound paraoxon and sarin in zinc-phosphotriesterase by molecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemical calculation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CONSTRAINTS; PROTEINS; BINDING AB The kinetic data published on phosphotriesterase (PTE), with various complexed metals, clearly indicates that the P=O and P=S bonds of phosphotriester and thiophosphotriester substrates, respectively, are strongly polarized by one or both of the active site complexed metal ions. However, this observation is not consistent with the three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of zinc-substituted PTE with active site bound substrate analogue diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. In this structure, the distance between the phosphoryl oxygen and the nearest zinc is 3.4 Angstrom, a distance too large to afford strong polarization. In the present paper, the geometry and mobility of various PTE active site-substrate complexes are examined by performing both molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanical calculations, Two known substrates are considered, paraoxon and sarin, although their turnover rates vary about 100-fold, The results indicate that PTE forms a complex with either substrate in which the phosphoryl oxygen becomes strongly coordinated with the less buried zinc atom. It is shown that the geometry of the active site is changed when the protein is immersed in a water bath and relaxed by MD. The most substantial conformational change is the opening of the gateway in a pocket where the location of the leaving group is expected. The opening is observed for the pure enzyme as well as for the enzyme/substrate complexes and it ranges from 11 to 18 Angstrom. It is also shown that the pockets, in which the substrate substituents are localized, exhibit different flexibility and interact with the substrate with coordinated conformational adjustments. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ornstein, RL (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Mailstop K2-21, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Koca, Jaroslav/E-4460-2012 OI Koca, Jaroslav/0000-0002-2780-4901 NR 23 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 7 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 5 BP 817 EP 826 DI 10.1021/ja000439r PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 399ZJ UT WOS:000166843900005 PM 11456615 ER PT J AU Lipton, AS Buchko, GW Sears, JA Kennedy, MA Ellis, PD AF Lipton, AS Buchko, GW Sears, JA Kennedy, MA Ellis, PD TI Zn-67 solid-state NMR spectroscopy of the minimal DNA binding domain of human nucleotide excision repair protein XPA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; NUCLEAR; METALLOPROTEINS; RELAXATION; PROBE C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Macromol Struct & Dynam Directorate, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ellis, PD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Macromol Struct & Dynam Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM26295F] NR 29 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 7 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 5 BP 992 EP 993 DI 10.1021/ja003720e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 399ZJ UT WOS:000166843900031 PM 11456641 ER PT J AU Ellis, PJ Conrads, T Hille, R Kuhn, P AF Ellis, PJ Conrads, T Hille, R Kuhn, P TI Crystal structure of the 100 kDa arsenite oxidase from Alcaligenes faecalis in two crystal forms at 1.64 angstrom and 2.03 angstrom SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; REDUCTASE; MOLYBDOPTERIN; RESOLUTION; ENZYMES; PROGRAM; MO AB Background: Arsenite oxidase from Alcaligenes faecalis NCIB 8687 is a molybdenum/iron protein involved in the detoxification of arsenic. It is induced by the presence of AsO2- (arsenite) and functions to oxidize (AsO2-)-O-III, which binds to essential sulfhydryl groups of proteins and dithiols, to the relatively less toxic (AsO43-)-O-V (arsenate) prior to methylation. Results: Using a combination of multiple isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering (MIRAS) and multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) methods, the crystal structure of arsenite oxidase was determined to 2.03 Angstrom in a P2(1) crystal form with two molecules in the asymmetric unit and to 1.64 Angstrom in a P1 crystal form with four molecules in the asymmetric unit. Arsenite oxidase consists of a large subunit of 825 residues and a small subunit of approximately 134 residues. The large subunit contains a Mo site, consisting of a Mo atom bound to two pterin cofactors, and a [3Fe-4S] cluster. The small subunit contains a Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] site. Conclusions: The large subunit of arsenite oxidase is similar to other members of the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) reductase family of molybdenum enzymes, particularly the dissimilatory periplasmic nitrate reductase from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, but is unique in having no covalent bond between the polypeptide and the Mo atom. The small subunit has no counterpart among known Mo protein structures but is homologous to the Rieske [2Fe-2S] protein domain of the cytochrome be, and cytochrome b(6)f complexes and to the Rieske domain of naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kuhn, P (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 32 TC 176 Z9 187 U1 2 U2 14 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTES AVE,, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD FEB 7 PY 2001 VL 9 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00566-4 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 421FB UT WOS:000168050500006 PM 11250197 ER PT J AU Dauter, Z Dauter, M AF Dauter, Z Dauter, M TI Entering a new phase: Using solvent halide ions in protein structure determination SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS SCATTERING; SIGNAL; REFINEMENT; LYSOZYME; COMPLEX; SULFUR; ATOM C1 NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SAIC Intramural Res Support Program, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTES AVE,, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD FEB 7 PY 2001 VL 9 IS 2 BP R21 EP R26 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00565-2 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 421FB UT WOS:000168050500001 PM 11250204 ER PT J AU Linderoth, NA Simon, MN Rodionova, NA Cadene, M Laws, WR Chait, BT Sastry, S AF Linderoth, NA Simon, MN Rodionova, NA Cadene, M Laws, WR Chait, BT Sastry, S TI Biophysical analysis of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperone/heat shock protein gp96/GRP94 and its complex with peptide antigen SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; STRESS PROTEINS; VIRAL PEPTIDE; T-CELLS; IN-VIVO; GP96; BINDING; GRP94; HSP90 AB Animals Vaccinated with heat shock protein (HSP)-peptide complexes develop specific protective immunity against cancers from which the HSPs were originally isolated. This autologous specific immunity has been demonstrated using a number of HSP-peptide antigen complexes. A prototypical HSP-based cancer vaccine is the gp96-peptide antigen complex, which is currently undergoing human clinical trials. Here, we analyzed the structure of a recombinant wild-type and a mutant gp96 protein and their peptide complexes using a number of biophysical techniques, Gel filtration chromatography, dynamic light scattering, and equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation demonstrated that both a wild-type gp96 and a gp96 mutant lacking a dimerization domain formed higher order structures. More detailed analysis using scanning transmission electron microscopy indicated that both the wild-type and dimerization deletion mutant gp96 protein were organized, unexpectedly, into large aggregates, Size distributions ranged from dimers to octamers and higher. Circular dichroism and intrinsic Trp fluorescence suggested that the gp96 dimerization domain deletion mutant protein was more compact than the wild-type gp96. A fluorescent peptide antigen was synthesized, and the peptide-binding properties of wild-type and the dimerization domain deletion mutant gp96 were studied. Fluorescence lifetime and anisotropy decay showed that the bound antigenic peptide was located in a hydrophobic pocket, with considerable free space for the rotation of the probe. Deletion of the dimerization domain affected the peptide-binding microenvironment, although peptide-binding affinity was reduced by only a small extent. Peptide-gp96 complexes were extremely stable, persisting for many days in the cold. The extraordinary stability of peptide-gp96 complexes and the plasticity of the peptide-binding pocket support the proposed relay of diverse peptides to MHC and/or other molecules via molecular recognition. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Genet Mol Lab, Lab Mol Biophys, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Lab Mass Spectrometry & Chem Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Sastry, S (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Genet Mol Lab, Lab Mol Biophys, Box 174,1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01777] NR 63 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1483 EP 1495 DI 10.1021/bi0016218 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 399YQ UT WOS:000166842200039 PM 11170476 ER PT J AU Hettich, RL AF Hettich, RL TI Investigating the effect of transition metal ion oxidation state on oligodeoxyribonucleotide binding by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE MALDI FTICR mass spectrometry; metal ion binding; oligonucleotides; transition metal ions ID DESORPTION IONIZATION; GAS-PHASE; FENTON REACTIONS; DNA; IRON; RNA; DISSOCIATION; ELECTROSPRAY; HYDROLYSIS; BLEOMYCIN AB Investigations of the interactions of metals with nucleotides and oligonucleotides are important for a variety of areas, including understanding nucleic acid metabolism and ability of the metals to stabilize or destablize the double-stranded helix of DNA. This report illustrates the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for the study of the fundamental interactions of metal ions with small, single-stranded oligonucleotides, with a specific focus on evaluation of sequential metal ion attachment and binding site(s) determination. Whereas incorporation of Cu (I) into dinucleotides reveals the maximum number of protons that can be replaced by singly charged metal ions, incorporation of iron (II, III) into the same biomolecules is sensitive to steric binding factors as well. These results suggest a mechanism in which complexes of the metal ion and the laser matrix compound (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, or DHB) coordinate with the oligonucleotides and attach met;ll ions by eliminating neutral DHB molecules. Ions of divalent (Zn2+, Fe2+), trivalent (Fe3+, Ce3+), and tetravalent (Ce4+, Th4+) metals all bind strongly to oligonucleotides and are retained even in the fragment ions. Based on high-resolution mass measurements and fragmentation information, structures are proposed for these gas phase species in which the metal ion coordination to the oligonucleotide involves both phosphate and nucleobase interactions. These studies provide molecular level information about metal ion interactions with oligonucleotides, and may be the basis for determining how certain metal ions can be exploited as selective probes for biomolecular structure interrogation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hettich, RL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 204 IS 1-3 BP 55 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00338-9 PG 21 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 401NL UT WOS:000166933800007 ER PT J AU Stenkamp, VS McGuiggan, P Berg, JC AF Stenkamp, VS McGuiggan, P Berg, JC TI Restabilization of electrosterically stabilized colloids in high salt media SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; STERIC STABILIZATION; BUBBLE COALESCENCE; MICELLAR BEHAVIOR; POLYMER COLLOIDS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; ELECTROLYTES; FORCES; WATER AB For electrostatically stabilized colloids, an increase in salt concentration typically causes a decrease in stability, until the electrical double layer is collapsed, in which case the instability remains as salt concentration is increased further. In cases when adsorbed polymer is used to impart stability, the onset of aggregation can most often be correlated with the onset of poor polymer solvency. Therefore, it is anticipated that when a charged latex is stabilized by a thin nonionic polymer which is sated out, the colloidal stability should either decrease or remain constant upon an increase in salt concentration. In the present work, however, an increase in stability is observed for several salts at relatively high concentrations, a phenomenon referred to herein as "restabilization". The specific circumstances in which this unexpected behavior occurs and the possible causes for it are discussed. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NIST, Dept Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Box 351750, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI McGuiggan, Patricia/A-3379-2010 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 637 EP 651 DI 10.1021/la001086c PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 398PT UT WOS:000166765400014 ER PT J AU Eastman, JA Choi, SUS Li, S Yu, W Thompson, LJ AF Eastman, JA Choi, SUS Li, S Yu, W Thompson, LJ TI Anomalously increased effective thermal conductivities of ethylene glycol-based nanofluids containing copper nanoparticles SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUIDS AB It is shown that a "nanofluid" consisting of copper nanometer-sized particles dispersed in ethylene glycol has a much higher effective thermal conductivity than either pure ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol containing the same volume fraction of dispersed oxide nanoparticles. The effective thermal conductivity of ethylene glycol is shown to be increased by up to 40% for a nanofluid consisting of ethylene glycol containing approximately 0.3 vol % Cu nanoparticles of mean diameter < 10 nm. The results are anomalous based on previous theoretical calculations that had predicted a strong effect of particle shape on effective nanofluid thermal conductivity, but no effect of either particle size or particle thermal conductivity. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Eastman, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; OI Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265 NR 20 TC 1724 Z9 1784 U1 29 U2 211 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 718 EP 720 DI 10.1063/1.1341218 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800012 ER PT J AU Schultz, PA Nelson, JS AF Schultz, PA Nelson, JS TI Fast through-bond diffusion of nitrogen in silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO; IMPLANTED SILICON; DOPANT DIFFUSION; BORON-DIFFUSION; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; SI AB We report first-principles total energy calculations of interaction of nitrogen in silicon with silicon self-interstitials. Substitutional nitrogen captures a silicon interstitial with 3.5 eV binding energy forming a < 100 > split interstitial ground-state geometry, with the nitrogen forming three bonds. The low-energy migration path is through a bond bridge state having two bonds. Fast diffusion of nitrogen occurs through a pure interstitialcy mechanism: the nitrogen never has less than two bonds. Near-zero formation energy of the nitrogen interstitialcy with respect to the substitutional rationalizes the low solubility of substitutional nitrogen in silicon. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM paschul@sandia.gov NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 736 EP 738 DI 10.1063/1.1345828 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800018 ER PT J AU Kurtz, S Webb, J Gedvilas, L Friedman, D Geisz, J Olson, J King, R Joslin, D Karam, N AF Kurtz, S Webb, J Gedvilas, L Friedman, D Geisz, J Olson, J King, R Joslin, D Karam, N TI Structural changes during annealing of GaInAsN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; GAINNAS; GAAS AB The alloy GaInAsN has great potential as a lower-band-gap material lattice matched to GaAs, but there is little understanding of what causes its poor optoelectronic properties and why these improve with annealing. This study provides information about the structural changes that occur when GaInAsN is annealed. The Fourier transform infrared spectra exhibit two primary features: a triplet at similar to 470 cm(-1) (Ga-N stretch) and two or three bands at similar to 3100 cm(-1) (N-H stretch). The change in the Ga-N stretch absorption can be explained if the nitrogen environment is converted from NGa4 to NInGa3 after annealing. The N-H stretch is also changed after annealing, implying a second, and unrelated, structural change. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Spectrolab Inc, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. RP Kurtz, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 210 Z9 212 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 748 EP 750 DI 10.1063/1.1345819 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800022 ER PT J AU Jiang, Y Wilson, PT Downer, MC White, CW Withrow, SP AF Jiang, Y Wilson, PT Downer, MC White, CW Withrow, SP TI Second-harmonic generation from silicon nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; METAL AB We present observations of optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) from silicon nanocrystals embedded in SiO2. SHG sensitivity to Si/SiO2 interface states, charge on the nanocrystals, and particle density gradients is demonstrated. SHG is proven to be a powerful noncontact nondestructive diagnosis tool for characterization of Si-nanocrystal-based devices and materials. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jiang, Y (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 18 TC 51 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 766 EP 768 DI 10.1063/1.1345825 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800028 ER PT J AU Xu, GY Su, X Stagarescu, CB Eastman, DE Lai, B Cai, Z Noyan, IC Hu, CK AF Xu, GY Su, X Stagarescu, CB Eastman, DE Lai, B Cai, Z Noyan, IC Hu, CK TI Quantitative metrology study of Cu/SiO2 interconnect structures using fluorescence x-ray microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COPPER INTERCONNECTIONS; ELECTROMIGRATION; RELIABILITY AB We demonstrate the capability of fluorescence x-ray microscopy with a 0.25 mum beam for in situ measurements of Cu-wiring interconnects of submicron dimensions. We are able to measure submicron line widths, lengths, and thicknesses of both Cu and W structures, and a Ta liner in the test vehicle, to the absolute accuracy of 0.03 mum, and a relative accuracy of similar to4% in lateral dimensions, and similar to 10% in heights. The shape of a buried electromigration void was also determined. This nanoscale nondestructive characterization technique promises to be powerful for a variety of materials systems. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10589 USA. RP Xu, GY (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010 OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 820 EP 822 DI 10.1063/1.1339996 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800046 ER PT J AU Zhang, AP Johnson, JW Ren, F Han, J Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Redwing, JM Lee, KP Pearton, SJ AF Zhang, AP Johnson, JW Ren, F Han, J Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Redwing, JM Lee, KP Pearton, SJ TI Lateral AlxGa1-xN power rectifiers with 9.7 kV reverse breakdown voltage SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; TRANSISTORS AB AlxGa1-xN (x=0-0.25) Schottky rectifiers were fabricated in a lateral geometry employing p(+)-implanted guard rings and rectifying contact overlap onto an SiO2 passivation layer. The reverse breakdown voltage (V-B) increased with the spacing between Schottky and ohmic metal contacts, reaching 9700 V for Al0.25Ga0.75N and 6350 V for GaN, respectively, for 100 mum gap spacing. Assuming lateral depletion, these values correspond to breakdown field strengths of less than or equal to9.67x10(5) V cm(-1), which is roughly a factor of 20 lower than the theoretical maximum in bulk GaN. The figure of merit (V-B)(2)/R-ON, where R-ON is the on-state resistance, was in the range 94-268 MW cm(-2) for all the devices. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Inst Rare Met, Moscow 109107, Russia. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Zhang, AP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 22 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 823 EP 825 DI 10.1063/1.1346622 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CF UT WOS:000166737800047 ER PT J AU Linehan, JC Yonker, CR Addleman, RS Autrey, ST Bays, JT Bitterwolf, TE Daschbach, JL AF Linehan, JC Yonker, CR Addleman, RS Autrey, ST Bays, JT Bitterwolf, TE Daschbach, JL TI Solvent study of the kinetics of molybdenum radical self-termination SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID FLASH-PHOTOLYSIS; PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; CAGE RECOMBINATION; PAIRS; COMPLEXES; BARRIERS; POLYMERS; ADDUCTS AB The kinetics of (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) (n-butylCp is n-butyl-eta (5)-cyclopentadienyl) radical self-termination to form a nonequilibrium mixture of trans and gauche-[(n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3)](2) and the kinetics of the gauche-to-trans isomerization have been determined in the liquid solvents n-heptane, tetrahydrofuran, xenon (350 bar), and CO2 (350 bar) at 283 K by step-scan FTIR. spectroscopy. The overall rate constant for the disappearance, 2k(R), of the (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) radical increases with decreasing solvent viscosity as expected, except in CO2, which is anomalously slower. The slower overall termination rate in liquid CO2 is consistent with the formation of a transient molybdenum radical-CO2 complex. The observed overall rate constants for (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) self-termination, 2k(R), are (7.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in xenon; (3.2 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in heptane; (2.2 +/- 0.8) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in THF; and (1.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in CO2. The first determinations of the radical self-termination-to-gauche rate constants, k(G), are presented. The values of K-G are much slower than the corresponding recombination to trans, k(T), reflecting a steric contribution to the rate. The rate of isomerization (rotation about the molydenum-molybdenum bond) from gauche to trans is unaffected by the solvent and is 3 times faster than the reported isomerization rate for the nonsubstituted [CpMo(CO)(3)](2) molecule. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 EI 1520-6041 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1021/om000724j PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 397NP UT WOS:000166702000008 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akimoto, H Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Berger, R Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Cassell, R Chou, A Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cowan, RF Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M de Groot, N de Sangro, R Dong, DN Doser, M Dubois, R Erofeeva, I Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fernandez, JP Flood, K Frey, R Hart, EL Hasuko, K Hertzbach, SS Huffer, ME Huynh, X Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Kofler, RR Kroeger, RS Langston, M Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, C Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T McKemey, AK Messner, R Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nesom, G Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, CH Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Ratcliff, BN Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Shapiro, G Sinev, NB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, A Swartz, M Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Usher, T Va'vra, J Verdier, R Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Wright, TR Yamamoto, RK Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H AF Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akimoto, H Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Berger, R Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Cassell, R Chou, A Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cowan, RF Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M de Groot, N de Sangro, R Dong, DN Doser, M Dubois, R Erofeeva, I Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fernandez, JP Flood, K Frey, R Hart, EL Hasuko, K Hertzbach, SS Huffer, ME Huynh, X Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kang, HJ Kofler, RR Kroeger, RS Langston, M Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, C Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T McKemey, AK Messner, R Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nesom, G Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, CH Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Ratcliff, BN Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Shapiro, G Sinev, NB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, A Swartz, M Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Usher, T Va'vra, J Verdier, R Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Wright, TR Yamamoto, RK Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H CA SLD Collaboration TI First symmetry tests in polarized Z(0) decays to b(b)over-bar-g SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; VERTEX DETECTOR; MASS TAG; 3 JETS; EVENT; ORIENTATION; POSITRONIUM; QUARKS; SLD AB We have made the first direct symmetry tests in the decays of polarized Z(0) bosons into fully identified b (b) over barg states, collected in the SLD experiment at SLAG. We searched for evidence of parity violation at the b (b) over barg vertex by studying the asymmetries in the b-quark polar- and azimuthal-angle distributions, and for evidence of T-odd, CP-even or CP-odd, final-state interactions by measuring angular correlations between the three-jet plane and the Z(0) polarization. We found results consistent with standard model expectations and set 95% C. limits on anomalous contributions. C1 Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Aomori Univ, Aomori 030, Japan. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464, Japan. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Soongsil Univ, Seoul 156743, South Korea. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 962 EP 966 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.962 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000005 PM 11177985 ER PT J AU Cadman, RV Brack, J Cummings, WJ Fedchak, JA Fox, BD Gao, H Glockle, W Golak, J Grosshauser, C Holt, RJ Jones, CE Kamada, H Kinney, ER Miller, MA Nagengast, W Nogga, A Owen, BR Rith, K Schmidt, F Schulte, EC Sowinski, J Sperisen, F Thorsland, EL Tobey, R Wilbert, J Witala, H AF Cadman, RV Brack, J Cummings, WJ Fedchak, JA Fox, BD Gao, H Glockle, W Golak, J Grosshauser, C Holt, RJ Jones, CE Kamada, H Kinney, ER Miller, MA Nagengast, W Nogga, A Owen, BR Rith, K Schmidt, F Schulte, EC Sowinski, J Sperisen, F Thorsland, EL Tobey, R Wilbert, J Witala, H TI Evidence for a three-nucleon-force effect in proton-deuteron elastic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; BINDING-ENERGIES; POTENTIAL MODELS; 3-NUCLEON FORCE; ND SCATTERING; MATTER; EQUATIONS; MOMENTUM; SYSTEMS; 3-BODY AB Developments in spin-polarized internal targets for storage rings have permitted measurements of 197 MeV polarized protons scattering from vector polarized deuterons. This work presents measurements of the polarization observables A(gamma), iT(11), and C-gamma,C-gamma in proton-deuteron elastic scattering. When compared to calculations with and without three-nucleon forces, the measurements provide further evidence that three-nucleon forces make a contribution to the observables. This work indicates that three-body forces derived from static nuclear properties appear to be crucial to the description of dynamical properties. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Colorado, Phys Nucl Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Cadman, RV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Nogga, Andreas/A-3354-2008; Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011 OI Nogga, Andreas/0000-0003-2156-748X; NR 43 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 967 EP 970 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.967 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000006 PM 11177986 ER PT J AU Yenen, O McLaughlin, KW Jaecks, DH Sant'Anna, MM Seddon, EA AF Yenen, O McLaughlin, KW Jaecks, DH Sant'Anna, MM Seddon, EA TI Quantifying relativistic interactions from angular momentum partitioning measurements during photoionization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION; PHOTOELECTRON; ALIGNMENT AB We have measured the degree of helicity of fluorescent radiation from Ar+{3p(4)[P-3]4p}2P(1/2)(0) formed by circularly polarized synchrotron radiation in the region of double excitations converging to Ar (+) 3p(4) nl satellite states. Angular momentum coupling allows the partitioning of the one unit of angular momentum brought into the system to be demarcated. We obtain a nonvanishing expectation value of the total spin of the residual ion-photoelectron system indicating significant relativistic interactions during the photoionization process. C1 Univ Nebraska, Behlen Lab Phys, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Loras Coll, Dept Phys & Engn, Dubuque, IA 52004 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RP Yenen, O (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Behlen Lab Phys, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/B-9355-2013 OI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/0000-0001-5342-5799 NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 979 EP 982 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.979 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000009 PM 11177989 ER PT J AU Stohlker, T Ma, X Ludziejewski, T Beyer, HF Bosch, F Brinzanescu, O Dunford, RW Eichler, J Hagmann, S Ichihara, A Kozhuharov, C Kramer, A Liesen, D Mokler, PH Stachura, Z Swiat, P Warczak, A AF Stohlker, T Ma, X Ludziejewski, T Beyer, HF Bosch, F Brinzanescu, O Dunford, RW Eichler, J Hagmann, S Ichihara, A Kozhuharov, C Kramer, A Liesen, D Mokler, PH Stachura, Z Swiat, P Warczak, A TI Near-threshold photoionization of hydrogenlike uranium studied in ion-atom collisions via the time-reversed process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION AB Radiative electron capture, the time-reversed;photoionization process occurring in ion-atom collisions, provides presently the only access to photoionization studies for very highly charged ions. By applying the deceleration mode of the ESR storage ring, we studied this process in low-energy collisions of bare uranium ions with low-Z target atoms. This technique allows us to extend the current information about photoionization to much lower energies than those accessible for neutral heavy elements in the direct reaction channel. The results prove that for high-Z systems, higher-order multipole contributions and magnetic corrections persist even at energies close to the threshold. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland. Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, Bucharest 76900, Romania. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Kernforsch Berlin GmbH, Theoret Phys Abt, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, P-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Stohlker, T (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. NR 14 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 983 EP 986 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.983 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000010 PM 11177990 ER PT J AU Brauning, H Mokler, PH Liesen, D Bosch, F Franzke, B Kramer, A Kozhuharov, C Ludziejewski, T Ma, X Nolden, F Steck, M Stohlker, T Dunford, RW Kanter, EP Bednarz, G Warczak, A Stachura, Z Tribedi, L Kambara, T Dauvergne, D Kirsch, R Cohen, C AF Brauning, H Mokler, PH Liesen, D Bosch, F Franzke, B Kramer, A Kozhuharov, C Ludziejewski, T Ma, X Nolden, F Steck, M Stohlker, T Dunford, RW Kanter, EP Bednarz, G Warczak, A Stachura, Z Tribedi, L Kambara, T Dauvergne, D Kirsch, R Cohen, C TI Strong evidence for enhanced multiple electron capture from surfaces in 46 MeV/u Pb81+ collisions with thin carbon foils SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; ATOM COLLISIONS; HOLLOW ATOMS; HEAVY-IONS; EXCITATION; SOLIDS; BARE; ESR AB Strong evidence has been found for enhanced multiple electron capture into 46 MeV/u Pb81+ with a significant contribution from the entrance surface of thin carbon foils. Capture of up to five electrons has been observed. The multiple electron capture yield is found to increase with decreasing target thickness for thin targets. A simple model describing the data and showing the importance of capture from surfaces is discussed. Further evidence is found for a pronounced asymmetry between electron capture at the entrance and the exit surfaces. Absolute yields for multiple electron capture and projectile ionization are presented. The experimental total cross sections For single capture and ionization agree well with theory. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch, Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. INP, Krakow, Poland. Tata Inst, Mumbai, India. Univ Lyon 1, INPL, F-69365 Lyon, France. Univ Lyon 1, IN2P3, F-69365 Lyon, France. Univ Paris 07, GPS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 06, Paris, France. RP Brauning, H (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch, Darmstadt, Germany. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 991 EP 994 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.991 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000012 PM 11177992 ER PT J AU Suk, H Barov, N Rosenzweig, JB Esarey, E AF Suk, H Barov, N Rosenzweig, JB Esarey, E TI Plasma electron trapping and acceleration in a plasma wake field using a density transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLLIDING LASER-PULSES; WAVE-BREAKING; INJECTION AB A new scheme fur plasma electron injection into an acceleration phase of a plasma wake field is presented. In this scheme, a single, short electron pulse travels through an underdense plasma with a sharp, localized, downward density transition. Near this transition, a number of background plasma electrons are trapped in the plasma wake field, due to the rapid wavelength increase of the induced wake wave in this region. The viability of this scheme is verified using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. To investigate the trapping and acceleration mechanisms further, a ID Hamiltonian analysis, as well as 1D simulations, has been performed, with the results presented and compared. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 18 TC 185 Z9 190 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1011 EP 1014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1011 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000017 PM 11177997 ER PT J AU Kaminski, A Randeria, M Campuzano, JC Norman, MR Fretwell, H Mesot, J Sato, T Takahashi, T Kadowaki, K AF Kaminski, A Randeria, M Campuzano, JC Norman, MR Fretwell, H Mesot, J Sato, T Takahashi, T Kadowaki, K TI Renormalization of spectral line shape and dispersion below T-c in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; SUPERCONDUCTING STATE; MOMENTUM; ENERGY AB Angle-resolved photoemission data in the superconducting state of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta show a kink in the dispersion along the zone diagonal, which is related via a Kramers-Kronig analysis to a drop in the low energy scattering rate. As one moves towards (pi ,0), this kink evolves into a spectral dip. The occurrence of these anomalies in the dispersion and line shape throughout the zone indicates the presence of a new energy scale in the superconducting state. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RP Kaminski, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Takahashi, Takashi/E-5080-2010; Sato, Takafumi/E-5094-2010; Tohoku, Arpes/A-4890-2010; Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 12 TC 255 Z9 256 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1070 EP 1073 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1070 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000032 PM 11178012 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Ortiz, G AF Batista, CD Ortiz, G TI Generalized Jordan-Wigner transformations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; STATISTICS; MODEL AB We introduce a new spin-fermion mapping, for arbitrary spin S generating the SU(2) group algebra, that constitutes a natural generalization of the Jordan-Wigner transformation for S = 1/2. The mapping, valid for regular lattices in any spatial dimension d, serves to unravel hidden symmetries. We illustrate the power of the transformation by finding exact solutions to lattice models previously unsolved by standard techniques. We also show the existence of the Haldane gap in S = 1 bilinear nearest-neighbor Heisenberg spin chains and discuss the relevance of the mapping to models of strongly correlated electrons. Moreover, we present a general spin-anyon mapping for the case d less than or equal to 2. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 NR 15 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1082 EP 1085 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1082 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000035 PM 11178015 ER PT J AU Armitage, NP Lu, DH Feng, DL Kim, C Damascelli, A Shen, KM Ronning, F Shen, ZX Onose, Y Taguchi, Y Tokura, Y AF Armitage, NP Lu, DH Feng, DL Kim, C Damascelli, A Shen, KM Ronning, F Shen, ZX Onose, Y Taguchi, Y Tokura, Y TI Superconducting gap anisotropy in Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4: Results from photoemission SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION DEPTH; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; JUNCTIONS; PLANE AB We have performed angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy on the electron doped cuprate superconductor Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4 A comparison of the leading edge midpoints between the superconducting and normal states reveals a small, but finite shift of 1.5-2 meV near the (pi ,0) position, but no observable shift along the zone diagonal near (pi /2,pi /2). This is interpreted as evidence For an anisotropic superconducting gap in the electron doped materials, which is consistent with the presence of d-wave superconducting order in this cuprate superconductor. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Armitage, NP (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008; Onose, Yoshinori/F-1977-2010; Taguchi, Yasujiro/A-3048-2010; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; damascelli, andrea/P-6329-2014 OI damascelli, andrea/0000-0001-9895-2226 NR 22 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1126 EP 1129 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1126 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 398XD UT WOS:000166781000046 PM 11178026 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Kevrekidis, IG Bishop, AR AF Kevrekidis, PG Kevrekidis, IG Bishop, AR TI Propagation failure, universal scalings and Goldstone modes SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE discrete kinks; goldstone modes; universal scalings ID SINE-GORDON SYSTEM; KINK DYNAMICS; DISCRETE; WAVES AB Ln a recent paper, Kladko ct al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 4505) studied front propagation failure in lattices of nonlinear diffusively coupled cells. This phenomenon is revisited here and associated with a saddle-node infinite period bifurcation. The results are used to compare existing theories on Goldstone modes and Peierls-Nabarro barriers for parabolic and hyperbolic systems. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Princeton Univ, Program Appl & Computat Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Appl & Computat Math, Fine Hall Washington Rd, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 279 IS 5-6 BP 361 EP 369 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(01)00012-3 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 402DL UT WOS:000166970700014 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Logan, J Pappas, NR Wong, CT Zhu, W Netusil, N Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Logan, J Pappas, NR Wong, CT Zhu, W Netusil, N Fowler, JS TI Brain dopamine and obesity SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BINDING CHARACTERISTICS; STRIATAL DOPAMINE; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; C-11 RACLOPRIDE; COCAINE ABUSERS; IN-VIVO; REWARD; FOOD; ASSOCIATION; GENE AB Background The cerebral mechanisms underlying the behaviours that lead to pathological overeating and obesity are poorly understood. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter that modulates rewarding properties of food, is likely to be involved. To test the hypothesis that obese individuals have abnormalities in brain dopamine activity we measured the availability of dopamine D-2 receptors in brain. Methods Brain dopamine D-2 receptor availability was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and [C-11]raclopride (a radioligand for the dopamine D-2 receptor). Bmax/Kd (ratio of the distribution volumes in striatum to that in cerebellum minus 1) was used as a measure of dopamine D-2 receptor availability. Brain glucose metabolism was also assessed with 2-deoxy-2[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). Findings Striatal dopamine D-2 receptor availability was significantly lower in the ten obese individuals (2.47 [SD 0.36]) than in controls (2.99 [0.41]; p less than or equal to0.0075). In the obese individuals body mass index (BMI) correlated negatively with the measures of D-2 receptors (r=0.84; p less than or equal to0.002); the individuals with the lowest D-2 values had the largest BMI. By contrast, neither whole brain nor striatal metabolism differed between obese individuals and controls, indicating that striatal reductions in D-2 receptors were not due to a systematic reduction in radiotracer delivery. Interpretation The availability of dopamine D-2 receptor was decreased in obese individuals in proportion to their BMI. Dopamine modulates motivation and reward circuits and hence dopamine deficiency in obese individuals may perpetuate pathological eating as a means to compensate for decreased activation of these circuits. Strategies aimed at improving dopamine function may be beneficial in the treatment of obese individuals. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 06891-02] NR 29 TC 890 Z9 909 U1 14 U2 74 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD FEB 3 PY 2001 VL 357 IS 9253 BP 354 EP 357 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03643-6 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 400XL UT WOS:000166897900014 PM 11210998 ER PT J AU Pivonka, NL Lenzer, T Furlanetto, MR Neumark, DM AF Pivonka, NL Lenzer, T Furlanetto, MR Neumark, DM TI Photoelectron spectroscopy of XenI- clusters (n <= 13) SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON KINETIC-ENERGY; THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED-STATES; ANION; ENERGETICS; TRANSITION; C-6(-); XEI; CL AB XenI- clusters (n less than or equal to 13) have been studied by anion photoelectron (PE) spectroscopy at a photon energy of 4.661 eV and an electron energy resolution of 10 meV. Electron affinities (EA's) as a function of cluster size are extracted and compared to previous PE and tunable laser photodetachment spectra of these species. The EA's found in this study lie between those of the two earlier experiments. These discrepancies are attributed to calibration issues in the earlier PE spectra and the influence of charge-transfer-to-solvent states in the tunable laser experiments. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 334 IS 1-3 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(00)01453-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 397XF UT WOS:000166723000005 ER PT J AU Itoh, A Howe, GA AF Itoh, A Howe, GA TI Molecular cloning of a divinyl ether synthase - Identification as a CYP74 cytochrome P-450 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE; ASYMMETRIC INTERLACED PCR; ACID HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE; LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY; FATTY-ACIDS; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; COLNELEIC ACID; TOMATO LEAVES; LINOLEIC-ACID; GREEN LEAVES AB Lipoxygenase-derived fatty acid hydroperoxides are metabolized by CYP74 cytochrome P-450s to various oxylipins that play important roles in plant growth and development. Here, we report the characterization of a Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) cDNA whose predicted amino acid sequence defines a previously unidentified P-450 subfamily (CYP74D). The recombinant protein, expressed in Escherichia coli, displayed spectral properties of a P-450. The enzyme efficiently metabolized 9-hydroperoxy linoleic acid and 9-hydroperoxy linolenic acid but was poorly active against the corresponding 13-hydroperoxides. Incubation of recombinant CYP74D with 9-hydroperoxy linoleic acid and 9-hydroperoxy linolenic acid yielded divinyl ether fatty acids (colneleic acid and colnelenic acid, respectively), which have been implicated as plant anti-fungal toxins. This represents the first identification of a cDNA encoding a divinyl ether synthase and establishment of the enzyme as a CYP74 P-450. Genomic DNA blot analysis revealed the existence of a single divinyl ether synthase gene located on chromosome one of tomato. In tomato seedlings, root tissue was the major site of both divinyl ether synthase mRNA accumulation and enzyme activity. These results indicate that developmental expression of the divinyl ether synthase gene is an important determinant of the tissue specific synthesis of divinyl ether oxylipins. C1 Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Howe, GA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 62 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 5 BP 3620 EP 3627 DI 10.1074/jbc.M008964200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 398YW UT WOS:000166784900083 PM 11060314 ER PT J AU Seo, DK Corbett, JD AF Seo, DK Corbett, JD TI Perspectives: Chemistry - Aromatic metal clusters SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Seo, DK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 11 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5505 BP 841 EP 842 DI 10.1126/science.1058418 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 398TD UT WOS:000166771700033 PM 11229404 ER PT J AU Li, X Kuznetsov, AE Zhang, HF Boldyrev, AI Wang, LS AF Li, X Kuznetsov, AE Zhang, HF Boldyrev, AI Wang, LS TI Observation of all-metal aromatic molecules SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Aromaticity is a concept invented to account for the unusual stability of an important class of organic molecules: the aromatic compounds. Here we report experimental and theoretical evidence of aromaticity in all-metal systems. A series of bimetallic clusters with chemical composition MAl4- (M = Li, Na, or Cu), was created and studied with photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. All the MAl4- species possess a pyramidal structure containing an M+ cation interacting with a square Al-4(2-) unit. Ab initio studies indicate that Al-4(2-) exhibits characteristics of aromaticity with two delocalized pi electrons (thus following the 4n + 2 electron counting rule) and a square planar structure and maintains its structural and electronic features in all the MAl4- complexes. These findings expand the aromaticity concept into the arena of all-metal species. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Boldyrev, AI (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RI Kuznetsov, Aleksey/F-1345-2010; Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009; Kuznetsov, Aleksey/E-5099-2015 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669; NR 15 TC 440 Z9 446 U1 8 U2 62 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 291 IS 5505 BP 859 EP 861 DI 10.1126/science.291.5505.859 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 398TD UT WOS:000166771700040 PM 11157162 ER PT J AU Engler, O AF Engler, O TI An EBSD local texture study on the nucleation of recrystallization at shear bands in the alloy Al-3Mg SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE recrystallization and recovery; nucleation and growth; aluminum; texture; microstructure ID ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; ORIGIN; ORIENTATION C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Engler, O (reprint author), VAW Aluminium AG, Res & Dev, POB 2468, D-53014 Bonn, Germany. NR 20 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 44 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00597-2 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 403JF UT WOS:000167038200007 ER PT J AU Larson, DJ Maziasz, PJ Kim, IS Miyahara, K AF Larson, DJ Maziasz, PJ Kim, IS Miyahara, K TI Three-dimensional atom probe observation of nanoscale titanium-oxygen clustering in an oxide-dispersion-strengthened Fe-12Cr-3W-0.4Ti+Y2O3 ferritic alloy SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE mechanical alloying; atom probe; powder processing; steels; phase equilibria ID STEEL C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Seagate Technol, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Mol Design, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. RP Larson, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X NR 14 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 44 IS 2 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00593-5 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 403JF UT WOS:000167038200027 ER PT J AU Brown, IG AF Brown, IG TI Vacuum arc metal plasma production and the transition of processing mode from metal ion beam to dc metal plasma immersion SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-99) CY DEC 13-16, 1999 CL SEIKA, JAPAN SP Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan Int Sci & Technol Exchange Ctr, Osaka Natl Res Inst DE plasma source ion implantation; metal plasma; vacuum arc; ion sources ID THIN-FILMS; IMPLANTATION; DEPOSITION AB The vacuum are provides a straightforward method for the efficient production of dense metal plasma. The plasma so formed can be utilized more-or-less 'as-is', or with macroparticle filtering, for the deposition of films of many different kinds. More advanced techniques involve substrate pulse-biasing to achieve a metal plasma immersion processing mode, or the vacuum are plasma source can be embodied within an ion source configuration for the formation of energetic metal ion beams for carrying out ion implantation. Not inconsequentially, the vacuum are metal plasma has an innate high ion drift velocity lion drift speed greater than the ion sound speed), a plasma feature that leads to some novel and important consequences - a negatively-biased substrate located in the plasma stream can maintain unexpectedly high voltages on an essentially de basis, and an ion source with 'conventionally poor' extractor design can provide a kind of plasma immersion ion implantation mode of operation. As the ion source operating parameters are varied, there can in fact be a smooth transition between these two modes - a plasma immersion processing mode and an energetic ion beam processing mode. The metal ion beam mode of operation and the plasma immersion mode of operation are closely related because of the plasma drift. Here, vacuum are generation of metal plasma is summarized, and a brief review of ion source and plasma immersion modes presented. The significance of high plasma drift as a mechanism that can lead to a de (or, at least, long-pulse) mode of plasma immersion ion implantation is outlined. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM igbrown@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 136 IS 1-3 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01002-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 393JF UT WOS:000166464900004 ER PT J AU Anders, A AF Anders, A TI Width, structure and stability of sheaths in metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition: measurements and analytical considerations SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-99) CY DEC 13-16, 1999 CL SEIKA, JAPAN SP Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan Int Sci & Technol Exchange Ctr, Osaka Natl Res Inst DE metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition; vacuum arc plasma; sheath ID VACUUM ARCS AB The size, dynamics, and stability of electric sheaths around substrates immersed in vacuum are plasmas were investigated using positively biased probes. The conditions are applicable to metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MePIIID). It was found that due to the high plasma density and velocity, the sheath is very thin at the upstream side of the substrate. Its thickness scales approximately with I mm kV(-1) for the conditions investigated but the data can also be fitted with the theoretical (bias voltage)(3/4) law. The sheath reaches very fast(< 3 s) its average quasi-stationary position. The exact position of the sheath edge is subject to fast fluctuations. It is argued that these fluctuations are correlated with fluctuations of the plasma density. For high plasma density, the electric field strength at the substrate surface can exceed the critical field strength that is known to cause explosive plasma formation. This can cause breakdown (short-circuit) of the sheath voltage. The sheath thickness on the downstream side is much greater due to the wake effect. The observed sheath behavior is explained in light of the sheath theory developed by Child, Langmuir and Bohm. The feature of a self-adjusting sheath thickness is stressed. There is evidence that no pre-sheath exists on the upstream side because the Bohm condition is oversatisfied. Although plasma ions are supersonic, no bow shock was observed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aanders@lbl.gov RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 25 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 136 IS 1-3 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01017-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 393JF UT WOS:000166464900019 ER PT J AU Anders, A Yushkov, GY AF Anders, A Yushkov, GY TI Measurements of secondary electrons emitted from conductive substrates under high-current metal ion bombardment SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-99) CY DEC 13-16, 1999 CL SEIKA, JAPAN SP Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan Int Sci & Technol Exchange Ctr, Osaka Natl Res Inst DE secondary electron yield; plasma immersion ion implantation; vacuum arc ID DISCHARGE CATHODE MATERIALS; EMISSION AB The yield of secondary electrons induced by primary ion impact is measured for conditions relevant to metal plasma immersion ion implantation. A vacuum are ion source provided metal ions in the energy range 5-175 keV. The target materials were placed in a Faraday cup, and the secondary electron yields were determined by measuring the current of the Faraday cup with and without electron-suppressing magnetic field. By using a time of flight method, yields for individual ion charge states could be determined. The yields found depend on the ion species, their energy, and the target material. They are in the range 1-10 electrons per ion for the conditions investigated. It was found that the yields are almost independent of the ion charge state and increase with increasing ion energy. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634050, Russia. State Univ Control Syst & Radioelect, Tomsk 634050, Russia. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; Yushkov, Georgy/O-8024-2015 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; Yushkov, Georgy/0000-0002-7615-6058 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 136 IS 1-3 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01038-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 393JF UT WOS:000166464900024 ER PT J AU Nastasi, M He, XM Walter, KC Hakovirta, M Trkula, M AF Nastasi, M He, XM Walter, KC Hakovirta, M Trkula, M TI The use of plasma immersion ion processing in the synthesis of protective coatings for Al die casting SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-99) CY DEC 13-16, 1999 CL SEIKA, JAPAN SP Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan Int Sci & Technol Exchange Ctr, Osaka Natl Res Inst DE plasma immersion; protective coatings; Al die casting ID BACKSCATTERING AB Plasma immersion ion processing (PIIP) has been used to synthesize adherent coatings on steel substrates that are wear-resistant and provide wetting resistance to molten aluminum. Synthesis procedures were developed for two coatings, boron carbide and a chrome-carbi-oxide. The coatings were produced using a plasma generated by the pulsed glow discharge method with various gas mixtures. Boron carbide coatings were produced using mixtures of diborane (B2H6) diluted with He and mixed with acetylene (C2H2) gas, and the chrome-carbi-oxide coating was produced using Cr(CO)(6). The boron carbide coatings were found to be amorphous with hardness values in range of 12-13 GPa. The Cr-based coatings were somewhat harder with values in the range of 14-20 GPa. Both coatings show some resistance to reaction with molten Al; the boron carbide coating showed limited reaction with Al while the Cr-C-O coating showed no reaction. The non;wetting properties of the chrome-carbi-oxide coating have been ascribed to the formation of a thin Al2O3 membrane around the molten Al that kinetically and thermodynamically inhibits a reaction between the Al and the Cr-C-O film. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nasty@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 136 IS 1-3 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01048-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 393JF UT WOS:000166464900034 ER PT J AU Tong, HH Monteiro, OR Brown, IG AF Tong, HH Monteiro, OR Brown, IG TI Effects of carbon ion pre-implantation on the mechanical properties of ta-C coatings on Ti-6Al-4V SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation (PBII-99) CY DEC 13-16, 1999 CL SEIKA, JAPAN SP Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan Int Sci & Technol Exchange Ctr, Osaka Natl Res Inst DE ion implantation; ta-c; biomaterial coatings; cathodic arc deposition; ion mixing; diamond-like carbon ID CATHODIC-ARC DEPOSITION; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; METAL PLASMA; ELASTIC-MODULUS; THIN-FILMS; VACUUM AB We report on our investigations of the effects of carbon ion implantation into Ti-6Al-4V as a pre-treatment process prior to deposition of ra-C coatings using a filtered cathodic are plasma method. A transition layer is formed that can be either TiC or TiC + C, providing an excellent interface for highly adherent ta-C coatings. We find that a smoothly-graded interface leads to good film-substrate adhesion, while ta-C films formed without a graded interface show poor adhesion. The film microhardness and wear performance are related to the implantation parameters via the thickness of the transition layer. Carbon ion implantation provides an effective pre-treatment method for ta-C coated Ti-6Al-4V substrate material. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM igbrown@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2001 VL 136 IS 1-3 BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01058-6 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 393JF UT WOS:000166464900044 ER PT J AU Cohen, A Ellis, P Kresge, N Soltis, SM AF Cohen, A Ellis, P Kresge, N Soltis, SM TI MAD phasing with krypton SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; ISOMORPHOUS XENON DERIVATIVES; DIFFRACTION DATA; HEAVY-ATOM; CRYSTALS; GAS; PROTEINS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; METMYOGLOBIN; PRESSURE AB Experiments demonstrating the feasibility of Kr-edge MAD on frozen crystals as a routine method for structure determination are reported. Approximately 50% of protein crystals can be successfully derivatized by pressurization with the noble gases xenon or krypton. While Xe has produced many useful derivatives for MIR phasing over the last several years, the Xe edges (K edge = 34.6 keV, L-I = 5.5 keV) are not easily accessible for MAD studies. As the Kr K edge (14.3 keV) is accessible on most MAD beamlines, Kr derivatization provides the additional opportunity to conduct a MAD experiment and obtain phases using only a single crystal. This paper describes the phasing of two proteins using Kr MAD: the 17 kDa Fe protein myoglobin (Mb) from sperm whale (Physeter catodon) and an 18 kDa protein (SP18) from green abalone (Haliotis fulgens). Three-wavelength data were collected at SSRL beamline 9-2 from crystals of Mb and SP18 incubated in 2.76 MPa of Kr gas for 2 min, depressurized and then flash-frozen in a stream of nitrogen gas at 100 K. MAD phases were calculated using the program SHARP and the resulting density improved with wARP. The final maps for both Mb and SP18 were of excellent quality. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Res Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Soltis, SM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Res Lab, POB 4349,Bin 99, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. OI Kresge, Nicole/0000-0003-1551-6627 NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 BP 233 EP 238 DI 10.1107/S0907444900014670 PN 2 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 395TX UT WOS:000166598300008 PM 11173469 ER PT J AU Dauter, Z Li, M Wlodawer, A AF Dauter, Z Li, M Wlodawer, A TI Practical experience with the use of halides for phasing macromolecular structures: a powerful tool for structural genomics SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INSENSITIVE CARBOXYL PROTEINASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANOMALOUS SIGNAL; REFINEMENT; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MAD; IDENTIFICATION; RESIDUES; SULFUR; GENE AB The crystal structure of pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase (PCP) from Pseudomonas sp. 101, an enzyme with no overall sequence similarity to any other proteinases of known structure, was solved using crystals soaked in sodium bromide solution and then cryocooled. A data set collected at the bromine peak absorption wavelength was sufficient for calculation of an excellent map and the entire process of phasing and tracing the maps required almost no direct human intervention. The process of structure solution using single-wavelength data was compared with three-wavelength multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD); although the latter resulted in slightly better maps, the use of this much more labor-intensive approach did not significantly improve the ability to solve the structure. The successful phasing approaches are compared with several less successful attempts utilizing other crystal forms of the enzyme and the practical aspects of the use of bromine as a heavy-atom derivative are discussed. In conclusion, the use of halides with single-wavelength diffraction data fulfills the requirements of being a first-choice method of high-throughput structure solution for the emerging field of structural genomics. C1 NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Program Struct Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NCI, Intramural Res Support Program, SAIC Frederick, FCRDC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Program Struct Biol,FCRDC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Program Struct Biol, Bldg 725A-X9, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dauter@bnl.gov NR 42 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1107/S0907444900015249 PN 2 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 395TX UT WOS:000166598300009 PM 11173470 ER PT J AU Kumaran, D Eswaramoorthy, S Dunn, JJ Swaminathan, S AF Kumaran, D Eswaramoorthy, S Dunn, JJ Swaminathan, S TI Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein C (OspC) SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; CIRCULAR PLASMID; MICE; GENE; DIFFRACTION; INFECTION; ANTIGENS AB Single crystals of the outer surface protein C (OspC) from Borrelia burgdorferi HB19 have been obtained by the vapor-diffusion method. These crystals belong to space group P2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 66.218, b = 46.113, c = 112.079 Angstrom, beta = 99.30 degrees, and diffract to at least 2.2 Angstrom resolution. Native data have been collected from flash-frozen crystals at the National Synchrotron facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory. There are two dimers per asymmetric unit, related by a non-crystallographic twofold axis and a pseudo-translational symmetry. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI37256] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 BP 298 EP 300 DI 10.1107/S0907444900017546 PN 2 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 395TX UT WOS:000166598300025 PM 11173486 ER PT J AU Kostyrko, T Bartkowiak, M AF Kostyrko, T Bartkowiak, M TI Conductivity and thermopower in ropes of carbon nanotubes - A tight binding model approach SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIVth International School of Theoretical Physics CY SEP 25-OCT 01, 2000 CL USTRON, POLAND SP Fdn Polish German Cooperat, Polish State Comm Sci Res, Minist Educ, Univ Silesia, Local Govt Silesia, Polish Acad Sci, Comm Phys ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; THERMOELECTRIC-POWER; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTANCE; DEFECTS AB We analyze the doping dependence of the thermopower and conductivity of ropes of single wall carbon nanotubes using a tight binding model. A sizeable value of the Seebeck coefficient in these systems together with its Fermi liquid like temperature behavior indicate an asymmetry near the Fermi surface. We discuss two possible explanations for this asymmetry of the electronic structure of the nanotube ropes, one due to defect states, another resulting from the intertube interactions. C1 Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kostyrko, T (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, Umultowska 85, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO PI KRAKOW PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD FEB PY 2001 VL 32 IS 2 BP 405 EP 425 PG 21 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 412MJ UT WOS:000167558700012 ER PT J AU Hunt, AG AF Hunt, AG TI Applications of percolation theory to porous media with distributed local conductances SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER PROPERTIES; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; FRACTAL FRAGMENTATION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; PORE SIZES; PERMEABILITY; NETWORKS; COMPUTER; POROSITY; MODELS AB Critical path analysis and percolation theory are known to predict accurately de and low frequency ac electrical conductivity in strongly heterogeneous solids, and have some applications in statistics. Much of this work is dedicated to review the current state of these theories. Application to heterogeneous porous media has been slower, though the concept of percolation was invented in that context. The definition of the critical path is that path which traverses an infinitely large system, with no breaks, which has the lowest possible value of the largest resistance on the path. This resistance is called the rate-limiting, or critical, element, R-c. Mathematical schemes are known for calculating R-c in many cases, but this application is not the focus here. The condition under which critical path analysis and percolation theory are superior to other theories is when heterogeneities are so strong, that transport is largely controlled by a few rate-limiting transitions, and the entire potential field governing the transport is influenced by these individual processes. This is the limit of heterogeneous, deterministic transport, characterized by reproducibility (repeatability). This work goes on to show the issues in which progress with this theoretical approach has been slow tin particular, the relationship between a critical rate, or conductance, and the characteristic conductivity), and what progress is being made towards solving them. It describes applications to saturated and unsaturated flows, some of which are new. The state of knowledge regarding application of cluster statistics of percolation theory to find spatial variability and correlations in the hydraulic conductivity is summarized. Relationships between electrical and hydraulic conductivities are explored. Here, as for the relationship between saturated and unsaturated flows, the approach described includes new applications of existing concepts. The specific case of power-law distributions of pore sizes, a kind of "random" fractal soil is discussed (critical path analysis would not be preferred for calculating the hydraulic conductivity of a regular fractal). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hunt, AG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 61 TC 103 Z9 105 U1 5 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 279 EP 307 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00058-0 PG 29 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 399ZX UT WOS:000166845100005 ER PT J AU Zhang, RY He, XY Doolen, G Chen, SY AF Zhang, RY He, XY Doolen, G Chen, SY TI Surface tension effects on two-dimensional two-phase Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL; PLANE MIXING LAYER; 3-DIMENSIONAL EVOLUTION; REYNOLDS-NUMBER; FLUID-FLOWS; SIMULATION; MOTION; GROWTH AB The two-dimensional Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is studied using a lattice Boltzmann multi-phase model in the nearly incompressible limit. This study focuses on the effects of surface tension on the evolution of vortex pairing in a two-dimensional mixing layer. Several types of interface pinch-off are observed and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. The contribution of surface tension to the flow kinetic energy is mainly negative. Part of this kinetic energy can be transformed to potential energy stored in the surface tension. The contribution of surface tension to the flow enstrophy is positive and small vortices are generated near interfaces. Broken interfaces and small vortices near interfaces dominate the late stage of flow fields with strong surface tension. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Peking Univ, Natl Key Lab Turbulence Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 32 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 461 EP 478 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00067-1 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 399ZX UT WOS:000166845100014 ER PT J AU Geiger, AB Newman, J Prausnitz, JM AF Geiger, AB Newman, J Prausnitz, JM TI Phase equilibria for water-methanol mixtures in perfluorosulfonic-acid membranes SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT AB A new apparatus was constructed fro precise measurements of water-methanol uptake compositions in a membrane. Uptake concentrations of methanol and water in a Nafion 117 membrane were measured as a function of methanol mole fraction in a liquid-methanol-water mixture for the temperature range 298 to 333 K. Also, uptake concentrations of methanol and water were determined for a second-cycle uptake run. All methanol-water compositions were determined by gas chromatography. The results were quantitatively described by either one of two thermodynamically consistent equations derived from models for the Gibbs energy of the system. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Newman, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 47 IS 2 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1002/aic.690470221 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 403BT UT WOS:000167023200020 ER PT J AU Zhang, YJ Zhang, LQ Ketas, T Korber, BTM Moore, JP AF Zhang, YJ Zhang, LQ Ketas, T Korber, BTM Moore, JP TI HIV type 1 molecular clones able to use the Bonzo/STRL-33 coreceptor for virus entry SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; GP120 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS; CO-RECEPTORS; MULTIPLE CORECEPTORS; VIRAL PHENOTYPE; DIVERSE HUMAN; TROPIC HIV-1; CELLS; INFECTION AB We describe the cloning of env genes from the mother-infant HIV-1 isolate pair P6-v3 and M6-v3. These viruses are unusual in that they can use the coreceptor Bonzo/STRL33 as well as CCR5 and, in the case of M6, CXCR4, to enter transfected cell lines in vitro. The phenotype of the parental isolates is generally reflected by the properties of the cloned env genes, when these are used in an Env-complementation assay of virus entry. Chimeric viruses were also made that contain the env genes of P6-v3 and M6-v3 inserted into the background of the infectious molecular clone, HIV-1 NL4-3. Some of the chimeric viruses derived from HIV-1 P6-v3 were able to use Bonzo for entry into transfected cell lines, albeit to a lesser extent than they could use CCR5. There are some indications that one of these chimeric viruses, P6-v3-22-1, can use a coreceptor other than CCR5, perhaps Bonzo, to enter mitogen-stimulated PBMC, although only weakly. However, formal proof that this virus can use Bonzo in primary cells has not been obtained. The P6-v3-22-1 chimeric virus was unable to infect CD4-negative, placental cell lines, in the presence or absence of soluble CD4. Env sequence analysis revealed several differences among viruses with different tropisms, most notably a four amino acid deletion in the central region of the V3 loop that distinguishes the R5 virus P6-v3-25-4 from the R5, Bonzo virus P6-v3-22-1. C1 Cornell Univ, Joan & Sanford I Weill Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Los Alamos Natl Labs, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Moore, JP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Joan & Sanford I Weill Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, W-805,1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI41420] NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 217 EP 227 DI 10.1089/088922201750063133 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 400DL UT WOS:000166856500004 PM 11177404 ER PT J AU Ewsuk, KG Arguello, JG Zeuch, DH Farber, B Carinci, L Kaniuk, J Keller, J Cloutier, C Gold, B Cass, RB French, JD Dinger, B Blumenthal, W AF Ewsuk, KG Arguello, JG Zeuch, DH Farber, B Carinci, L Kaniuk, J Keller, J Cloutier, C Gold, B Cass, RB French, JD Dinger, B Blumenthal, W TI CRADA develops model for powder pressing and die design - Part two SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Zircoa Inc, Solon, OH USA. Delphi Energy & Engine Management Syst, Flint, MI USA. Super Tech Ceram, St Albans, VT USA. Adv Cerametr Inc, Lambertville, NJ USA. CeramTec N Amer, Laurens, SC USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Ewsuk, KG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 80 IS 2 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 398NK UT WOS:000166762400004 ER PT J AU Tribble, DL Rizzo, M Chait, A Lewis, DM Blanche, PJ Krauss, RM AF Tribble, DL Rizzo, M Chait, A Lewis, DM Blanche, PJ Krauss, RM TI Enhanced oxidative susceptibility and reduced antioxidant content of metabolic precursors of small, dense low-density lipoproteins SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; LDL SUBFRACTIONS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SUBCLASS PATTERN; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VITAMIN-E; RISK; CHOLESTEROL; TRIGLYCERIDE; ASSOCIATION AB PURPOSE: Elevated plasma concentrations of low-density liproteins (LDL) increase risk for coronary heart disease. However, lipoprotein profiles rich in small, dense LDL particles confer greater risk than those that mainly consist of large, buoyant LDL. This may be due, in part, to the greater oxidative susceptibility of small, dense LDL. In the current studies, we tested whether differences in the oxidative behavior of buoyant and dense LDL. arise from differences in their immediate metabolic precursors, intermediate-density lipoproteins. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We compared the properties of intermediate-density lipoproteins and buoyant and dense LDL subfractions in 9 subjects with the large, buoyant LDL phenotype vet sus 6 with the small, dense LDL phenotype. Oxidative susceptibility was evaluated based on conjugated diene formation and parinaric acid oxidation induced by copper. Antioxidants (ubiquinol- 10 and a-tocopherol) were measured by highperformance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Oxidative susceptibility was increased and antioxidant concentrations were decreased with increasing lipoprotein density (intermediate intermediate-density lipoproteins to buoyant LDL to dense LDL). Intermediate-density lipoproteins from subjects with the small, dense LDL phenotype had a greater oxidative susceptibility (by the parinaric acid test) and lower antioxidant concentrations than corresponding particles from subjects with the large, buoyant LDL phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in oxidative susceptibility be tween large, buoyant and small, dense LDL particles are apparent in their lipoprotein precursors. These results suggest that lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility may be metabolically programmed and that intermediate-density lipoproteins ma): con tribute to the increased risk associated with the small, dense LDL phenotype. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci,Dept Mol & Nucl Med, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Palermo, Ist Med Interna & Geriatria, Palermo, Italy. Univ Washington, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Tribble, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci,Dept Mol & Nucl Med, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI RIZZO, Manfredi/0000-0002-9549-8504 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 30086, HL 54606]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK02456] NR 40 TC 103 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 110 IS 2 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00700-2 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 398NA UT WOS:000166761500005 PM 11165551 ER PT J AU Hillman, AR Jackson, A Martin, SJ AF Hillman, AR Jackson, A Martin, SJ TI The problem of uniqueness of fit for viscoelastic films on thickness-shear mode resonator surfaces SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRODES; EQCM AB We describe a new strategy for interpreting frequency responses of thickness shear mode resonators loaded with spatially uniform viscoelastic films. This procedure leads to unambiguous extraction of the four parameters that characterize such a film: its thickness, density and shear modulus components (storage and loss moduli). The interpretational difficulty is that the experimental frequency response (impedance spectrum) can only provide two parameters; thus, the problem is underdetermined, Previous interpretations employed various approximations and assumptions for two (or more) film parameters to effectively reduce the problem to a two-parameter fit. Such approaches are clearly imperfect. Our new strategy splits the problem into two separate two-parameter subproblems, each of which is solved by the measurement of two different experimental responses. The result is a unique fit to the data without the need to make approximations or assumptions for film parameters. First, in the acoustically thin regime, measured frequency shift and film charge are combined to provide a unique solution for film thickness and density; shear moduli components do not affect the response in this regime. Second, film density is carried forward directly, and the film thickness-charge relationship is extrapolated into the acoustically thick regime. Third, with film density and thickness held fixed, crystal impedance data in the acoustically thick regime provide unambiguous shear modulus components. The method is generalized to any other (nonelectrochemical) probe that provides film thickness data and validated using crystal impedance data for poly(3-methylthiophene) films exposed to propylene carbonate. C1 Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hillman, AR (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. OI Hillman, Robert/0000-0003-1868-5717 NR 21 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 3 BP 540 EP 549 DI 10.1021/ac001065n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 398WV UT WOS:000166780200029 PM 11217760 ER PT J AU Shen, ZX Thomas, JJ Averbuj, C Broo, KM Engelhard, M Crowell, JE Finn, MG Siuzdak, G AF Shen, ZX Thomas, JJ Averbuj, C Broo, KM Engelhard, M Crowell, JE Finn, MG Siuzdak, G TI Porous silicon as a versatile platform for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SI SURFACES; LUMINESCENT; FUNCTIONALIZATION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DERIVATIZATION; FABRICATION; CHEMISTRY; REAGENTS; LAYERS; ACID AB Desorption/ionization on porous silicon mass spectrometry (DIOS-MS) is a novel method for generating and analyzing gas-phase ions that employs direct laser vaporization. The structure and physicochemical properties of the porous silicon surfaces are crucial to DIGS-MS performance and are controlled by the selection of silicon and the electrochemical etching conditions. Porous silicon generation and DIGS signals were examined as a function of silicon crystal orientation, resistivity, etching solution, etching current density, etching time, and irradiation. Pre-and postetching conditions were also examined for their effect on DIGS signal as were chemical modifications to examine stability with respect to surface oxidation, Pore size and other physical characteristics were examined by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and correlated with DIGS-MS signal. Porous silicon surfaces optimized for DIGS response were examined for their applicability to quantitative analysis, organic reaction monitoring, post-source decay mass spectrometry, and chromatography. C1 Scripps Res Inst, Res Inst, Dept Chem & Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Mass Consortium Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Energys Off Biol & Environm Res, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Scripps Res Inst, Res Inst, Dept Chem & Mol Biol, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 43 TC 259 Z9 264 U1 6 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 3 BP 612 EP 619 DI 10.1021/ac000746f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 398WV UT WOS:000166780200038 PM 11217770 ER PT J AU Valentine, TE AF Valentine, TE TI Evaluation of prompt fission gamma rays for use in simulating nuclear safeguard measurements SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article ID CF-252 AB Nondestructive assay methods that rely on measurement of correlated gamma rays from fission have been proposed as a means to determine the mass of fissile materials. Sensitivity studies for such measurements will require knowledge of the multiplicity of prompt gamma rays from fission; however, a very limited number of multiplicity distributions have been measured. A method is proposed to estimate the average number of gamma rays from any fission process by using the correlation of neutron and gamma emission in fission. Using this method, models for the total prompt gamma ray energy from fission adequately reproduce the measured value for thermal neutron induced fission of U-233. Likewise, the average energy of prompt gamma rays from fission has been adequately estimated using a simple linear model. Additionally, a method to estimate the multiplicity distribution of prompt gamma rays from fission is proposed based on a measured distribution for Cf-252. These methods are only approximate at best and should only be used for sensitivity studies. Measurements of the multiplicity distribution of prompt gamma rays from fission should be performed to determine the adequacy of the models proposed in this article. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Valentine, TE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Valentine, Timothy/0000-0001-7495-7348 NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD FEB PY 2001 VL 28 IS 3 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1016/S0306-4549(00)00039-6 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 389EX UT WOS:000166226600001 ER PT J AU Bohuslavek, J Payne, JW Liu, Y Bolton, H Xun, LY AF Bohuslavek, J Payne, JW Liu, Y Bolton, H Xun, LY TI Cloning, sequencing, and characterization of a gene cluster involved in EDTA degradation from the bacterium BNC1 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP STRAIN IGTS8; PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; PRISTINAMYCIN-IIB; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PURIFICATION; MONOOXYGENASE; ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETATE; DESULFURIZATION; OPERON AB EDTA is a chelating agent, widely used in many industries. Because of its ability to mobilize heavy metals and radionuclides, it can be an environmental pollutant, The EDTA monooxygenases that initiate EDTA degradation have been purified and characterized in bacterial strains BNCl and DSM 9103. However, the genes encoding the enzymes have not been reported. The EDTA monooxygenase gene was cloned by probing a genomic library of strain BNCl with a probe generated from the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the monooxygenase, Sequencing of the cloned DNA fragment revealed a gene cluster containing eight genes. Two of the genes, emoA and emoB, were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene products, EmoA and EmoB, were purified and characterized, Both experimental data and sequence analysis showed that EmoA is a reduced flavin mononucleotide-utilizing monooxygenase and that EmoB is an NADH:flavin mononucleotide oxidoreductase, The two-enzyme system oxidized EDTA to ethylenediaminediacetate (EDDA) and nitrilotriacetate (NTA) to iminodiacetate (IDA) with the production of glyoxylate, The emoA and emoB genes were cotranscribed when BNCl cells were grown on EDTA, Other genes in the cluster encoded a hypothetical transport system, a putative regulatory protein, and IDA oxidase that oxidizes IDA and EDDA. We concluded that this gene cluster is responsible for the initial steps of EDTA and NTA degradation. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xun, LY (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 54 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 688 EP 695 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.2.688-695.2001 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 399ZR UT WOS:000166844600026 PM 11157232 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Louie, TM Payne, J Bohuslavek, J Bolton, H Xun, LY AF Liu, Y Louie, TM Payne, J Bohuslavek, J Bolton, H Xun, LY TI Identification, purification, and characterization of iminodiacetate oxidase from the EDTA-degrading bacterium BNC1 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID OXIDASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NITRILOTRIACETATE; METABOLISM; BIODEGRADATION; MONOOXYGENASE; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION; BINDING; CELLS AB Microbial degradation of synthetic chelating agents, such as EDTA and nitrilotriacetate (NTA), may help immobilizing radionuclides and heavy metals in the environment. The EDTA- and NTA-degrading bacterium BNC1 uses EDTA monooxygenase to oxidize NTA to iminodiacetate (IDA) and EDTA to ethylenediaminediacetate (EDDA). IDA- and EDDA-degrading enzymes have not been purified and characterized to date. In this report, an LDA oxidase was purified to apparent homogeneity from strain BNC1 by using a combination of eight purification steps. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a single protein band of 40 kDa, and by using size exclusion chromatography, we estimated the native enzyme to be a homodimer. Flavin adenine dinucleotide was determined as its prosthetic group. The purified enzyme oxidized IDA to glycine and glyoxylate with the consumption of O-2. The temperature and pH optima for IDA oxidation were 35 degreesC and 8, respectively. The apparent K-m for IDA was 4.0 mM with a k(cat) of 5.3 s(-1). When the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined, it matched exactly with that encoded by a previously sequenced hypothetical oxidase gene of BNC1. The gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene product as a C-terminal fusion with a His tag was purified by a one-step nickel affinity chromatography. The purified fusion protein had essentially the same enzymatic activity and properties as the native IDA oxidase. IDA oxidase also oxidized EDDA to ethylenediamine and glyoxylate. Thus, IDA oxidase is likely the second enzyme in both NTA and EDTA degradation pathways in strain BNC1. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xun, LY (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 696 EP 701 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.2.696-701.2001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 399ZR UT WOS:000166844600027 PM 11157233 ER PT J AU Gruntzig, V Nold, SC Zhou, JZ Tiedje, JM AF Gruntzig, V Nold, SC Zhou, JZ Tiedje, JM TI Pseudomonas stutzeri nitrite reductase gene abundance in environmental samples measured by real-time PCR SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NITROUS-OXIDE REDUCTASE; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; FLUOROGENIC PROBES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; RT-PCR; ASSAY; DENITRIFICATION; QUANTIFICATION AB We used real-time PCR to quantify the denitrifying nitrite reductase gene (nirS), a functional gene of biogeochemical significance. The assay was tested in vitro and applied to environmental samples. The primer-probe set selected was specific for nirS sequences that corresponded approximately to the Pseudomonas stutzeri species. The assay was linear from 1 to 10(6) gene copies (r(2) = 0.999). Variability at low gene concentrations did not allow detection of twofold differences in gene copy number at less than 100 copies. DNA spiking and cell-addition experiments gave predicted results, suggesting that this assay provides an accurate measure of P. stutzeri nirS abundance in environmental samples. Although P. stutzeri abundance was high in lake sediment and groundwater samples, we detected low or no abundance of this species in marine sediment samples from Puget Sound (Wash.) and from the Washington ocean margin. These results suggest that P. stutzeri may not be a dominant marine denitrifier. C1 Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tiedje, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, 540 Plant & Soil Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM tiedjej@msu.edu NR 45 TC 100 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 760 EP 768 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.2.760-768.2001 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 399ZR UT WOS:000166844600035 PM 11157241 ER PT J AU Qiu, XY Wu, LY Huang, HS McDonel, PE Palumbo, AV Tiedje, JM Zhou, JZ AF Qiu, XY Wu, LY Huang, HS McDonel, PE Palumbo, AV Tiedje, JM Zhou, JZ TI Evaluation of PCR-generated chimeras: Mutations, and heteroduplexes with 16S rRNA gene-based cloning SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; MOLECULAR MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DNA-POLYMERASE; RDNA ANALYSIS; AMPLIFICATION; SOIL; COAMPLIFICATION AB To evaluate PCR-generated artifacts (i.e., chimeras, mutations, and heteroduplexes) with the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-based cloning approach, a model community of four species was constructed from alpha, beta, and gamma subdivisions of the division Proteobacteria as well as gram-positive bacterium, all of which could be distinguished by HhaI restriction digestion patterns. The overall PCR artifacts were significantly different among the three Tag DNA polymerases examined: 20% for Z-Taq, with the highest: processitivity; 15% for LA-Taq, with the highest fidelity and intermediate processitivity; and 7% for the conventionally used DNA polymerase, AmpliTaq. In contrast to the theoretical prediction, the frequency of chimeras for both Z-Taq (8.7%) and LA-Taq (6.2%) was higher than that for AmpliTaq (2.5%). The frequencies of chimeras and of heteroduplexes for Z-Taq were almost three times higher than those of AmpliTaq. The total PCR artifacts increased as PCR cycles and template concentrations increased and decreased as elongation time increased. Generally the frequency of chimeras was lower than that of mutations but higher than that of heteroduplexes. The total PCR artifacts as well as the frequency of heteroduplexes increased as the species diversity increased. PCR artifacts were significantly reduced by using AmpliTaq and fewer PCR cycles (fewer than 20 cycles), and the heteroduplexes could be effectively removed from PCR products prior to cloning by polyacrylamide gel purification or T7 endonuclease I digestion. Based upon these results, an optimal approach is proposed to minimize PCR artifacts in 16S rDNA-based microbial community studies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 41 TC 261 Z9 283 U1 1 U2 39 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 880 EP 887 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.2.880-887.2001 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 399ZR UT WOS:000166844600052 PM 11157258 ER PT J AU Bavykin, SG Akowski, JP Zakhariev, VM Barsky, VE Perov, AN Mirzabekov, AD AF Bavykin, SG Akowski, JP Zakhariev, VM Barsky, VE Perov, AN Mirzabekov, AD TI Portable system for microbial sample preparation and oligonucleotide microarray analysis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DNA ARRAYS; CHEMICAL NUCLEASES; MUTATION DETECTION; STRAND SCISSION; HYBRIDIZATION; MICROCHIPS; CHIPS AB We have developed a three-component system for microbial identification that consists of (i) a universal syringe-operated silica minicolumn for successive DNA and RNA isolation, fractionation, fragmentation, fluorescent labeling, and removal of excess free label and short oligonucleotides; (ii) microarrays of immobilized oligonucleotide probes for 16S rRNA identification; and (iii) a portable battery-powered device for imaging the hybridization of fluorescently labeled RNA fragments with the arrays. The minicolumn combines a guanidine thiocyanate method of nucleic acid isolation with a newly developed hydroxyl radical-based technique for DNA and RNA labeling and fragmentation. DNA and RNA can also be fractionated through differential binding of double- and single-stranded forms of nucleic acids to the silica, The procedure involves sequential washing of the column with different solutions. No vacuum filtration steps, phenol extraction, or centrifugation is required. After hybridization, the overall fluorescence pattern is captured as a digital image or as a Polaroid photo. This three-component system was used to discriminate Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and human HL60 cells. The procedure is rapid: beginning with whole cells, it takes approximately 25 min to obtain labeled DNA and RNA samples and an additional 25 min to hybridize and acquire the microarray image using a stationary image analysis system or the portable imager. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, BioChip Technol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. VA Engelhardt Mol Biol Inst, Moscow 117984, Russia. RP Mirzabekov, AD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, BioChip Technol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 61 TC 94 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 922 EP 928 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.2.922-928.2001 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 399ZR UT WOS:000166844600057 PM 11157263 ER PT J AU Barton, IM Britten, JA Dixit, SN Summers, LJ Thomas, IM Rushford, MC Lu, K Hyde, RA Perry, MD AF Barton, IM Britten, JA Dixit, SN Summers, LJ Thomas, IM Rushford, MC Lu, K Hyde, RA Perry, MD TI Fabrication of large-aperture lightweight diffractive lenses for use in space SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-ELEMENTS; REPLICATION; TELESCOPES AB We describe the advantages of using diffractive (Fresnel) lenses on thin membranes over conventional optics for, among others, future space telescope projects. Fabrication methods are presented for lenses on two types of freestanding membrane up to 50 cm in size. The first is a Fresnel lens etched into a thin (380-mum) glass sheet, and the second is an similar to 50-mum-thick polymer membrane containing a Fresnel lens made by replication process from a specially made fused-silica master. We show optical performance analysis of all the lenses that are fabricated, including a diffraction-limited Airy spot from a 20-m-focal-length membrane lens in a diffractive telescope system. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barton, IM (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM dixit1@llnl.gov NR 16 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 447 EP 451 DI 10.1364/AO.40.000447 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 396QF UT WOS:000166647500003 PM 18357017 ER PT J AU Dillon, AC Heben, MJ AF Dillon, AC Heben, MJ TI Hydrogen storage using carbon adsorbents: past, present and future SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; SINGLE-WALLED NANOTUBES; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; GRAPHITE NANOFIBERS; CATALYTIC GROWTH; ACTIVATED CARBON; RAMAN-SCATTERING; ADSORPTION; PURIFICATION; DIAMETER AB interest in hydrogen as a fuel has grown dramatically since 1990, and many advances in hydrogen production and utilization technologies have been made. However, hydrogen storage technologies must be significantly advanced if a hydrogen based energy system, particularly in the transportation sector, is to be established. Hydrogen can be made available on-board vehicles in containers of compressed or liquefied H-2, in metal hydrides, via chemical storage or by gas-on-solid adsorption. Although each method possesses desirable characteristics, no approach satisfies all of the efficiency, size, weight, cost acid safety requirements for transportation or utility use. Gas-on-solid adsorption is an inherently safe and potentially high energy density hydrogen storage method that could be extremely energy efficient. Consequently, the hydrogen storage properties of high surface area "activated" carbons have been extensively studied. However, activated carbons are ineffective in storing hydrogen because only a small fraction of the pores in the typically wide pore-size distribution are small enough to interact strongly with hydrogen molecules at room temperatures and moderate pressures. Recently, many new carbon nanostructured absorbents have been produced including graphite nanofibers and carbon multi-wall and single-wall nanotubes. The following review provides a brief history of the hydrogen adsorption studies on activated carbons and comments on the recent experimental and theoretical investigations of the hydrogen adsorption properties of the new nanostructured carbon materials. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Heben, MJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 84 TC 468 Z9 477 U1 9 U2 143 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1007/s003390100788 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 408RB UT WOS:000167340500002 ER PT J AU Sandrock, G Thomas, G AF Sandrock, G Thomas, G TI The IEA/DOE/SNL on-line hydride databases SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article AB A series of comprehensive hydride databases have been constructed and made freely available on the Internet (URL http://hydpark.ca.sandia.gov). They include extensive listings of alloys reported to hydride, detailed engineering properties on selected hydrogen-storage elements and alloys and a hydride-applications database. These databases and an associated reference database are described, along with Other hydride information available on the web site. The databases were created under the auspices of the International Energy Agency (IEA) with financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Internet service support from the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). C1 SunaTech Inc, Ringwood, NJ 07456 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandrock, G (reprint author), SunaTech Inc, 113 Kraft Pl, Ringwood, NJ 07456 USA. NR 0 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 2 BP 153 EP 155 DI 10.1007/s003390100770 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 408RB UT WOS:000167340500005 ER PT J AU Jensen, CM Gross, KJ AF Jensen, CM Gross, KJ TI Development of catalytically enhanced sodium aluminum hydride as a hydrogen-storage material SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; COMPLEX METAL HYDRIDES; TITANIUM; NA3ALH6; HEXAHYDROALUMINATE; DECOMPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; NAALH4 AB The dehydriding of sodium aluminum hydride, NaAlH(4), is kinetically enhanced and rendered reversible in the solid state upon doping with selected titanium compounds. Following the initial reports of this catalytic ef feet, further kinetic improvement and stabilization of the cyclable hydrogen capacity have been achieved upon variation in the method of the introduction of titanium and particle-size reduction. Rapid evolution of 4.0-wt% hydrogen at 100 degreesC has been consistently achieved for several dehydriding/rehydriding cycles. An improved, 4.8-wt% cyclable capacity has been observed in the material doped with a combination of Ti and Zr alkoxide complexes. Doping the hydride with Ti(OBu(n))(4) and Fe(OEt)(2) also produces a synergistic effect, resulting in materials that can be rehydrided to 4 wt% at 104 degreesC and 87 atm of hydrogen within 17h. The improved kinetics allowed us to carry out constant-temperature. equilibrium-pressure studies of NaAlH(4) that extended to temperatures well below the melting point of the hydride. The 37-kJ/mol value determined for enthalpy of the dehydriding of NaAlH(4)(s) to Na(3)AlH(6) and Al and the hydrogen plateau pressure of 7 arm at 80 degreesC are in line with the predictions of earlier studies. The nature of the active catalyst and the mechanism of catalytic action are unknown. The catalytically enhanced hydrides appear to be strong candidates for development as hydrogen carriers for onboard proton exchange membran (PEM) fuel cells. However, further re search and development in the areas of rehydriding catalysts, large-scale, long-term cycling, safety and adjust ment of the plateau hydrogen pressure associated with dehydriding of AlH(6)(-) are required before these materials can be utilized in commercial onboard hydrogen-storage systems. C1 Univ Hawaii, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Jensen, CM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM jensen@gold.chem.hawaii.edu NR 43 TC 199 Z9 201 U1 5 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 2 BP 213 EP 219 DI 10.1007/s003390100784 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 408RB UT WOS:000167340500011 ER PT J AU Martin, MC Tsvetkova, NM Crowe, JH McKinney, WR AF Martin, MC Tsvetkova, NM Crowe, JH McKinney, WR TI Negligible sample heating from synchrotron infrared beam SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE synchrotron; infrared; FT-IR; spectromicroscopy; dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; DPPC; seam; heating ID CELLS; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; RADIATION; BEAMLINES; LIGHT; ALS AB The use of synchrotron sources for infrared (IR) spectromicroscopy provides greatly increased brightness that enables high-quality IR measurements at diffraction-limited spatial resolutions. This capability permits synchrotron-based IR spectromicroscopy to be applied to biological applications at spatial resolutions on the order of the size of a single mammalian cell. The question then arises, "Does the intense synchrotron beam harm biological samples?" Mid-IR photons are too low in energy to break bonds directly; however, they could cause damage to biological molecules due to heating. In this work, we present measurements that show negligible sample heating effects from a diffraction-limited synchrotron IR source. The sample used is fully hydrated lipid bilayers composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which undergoes a phase transition from a gel into a liquid-crystalline state at about 315 K during heating. Several IR-active vibrational modes clearly shift in frequency when the sample passes through the phase transition. We calibrate and then use these shifting vibrational modes as an in situ temperature sensor. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sect Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Martin, MC (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI McKinney, Wayne/F-2027-2014 OI McKinney, Wayne/0000-0003-2586-3139 NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 55 IS 2 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1366/0003702011951551 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 409JL UT WOS:000167380500003 ER PT J AU Xu, AW Wang, CS Chi, JQ Li, MC Zhang, MS Holmes, L Harbottle, G Koshimizu, S Manabu, K Koichi, K AF Xu, AW Wang, CS Chi, JQ Li, MC Zhang, MS Holmes, L Harbottle, G Koshimizu, S Manabu, K Koichi, K TI Preliminary provenance research on Chinese Neolithic pottery: Huating (Xinyi County) and three Yellow River Valley sites SO ARCHAEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE China; Chinese pottery; multivariate statistical analysis; Liangzhu culture; Dawenkou culture; Neolithic sties; INAA; petrography ID REFERENCE SAMPLES; VALUES AB Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to sherds from the important site of Huating and, for comparison, several Neolithic sites in the valley of the Yellow River. We hoped to compare the compositions of two stylistically different ceramics found at Huating, and to evaluate the degree of compositional clustering and inter-site resolution that could be expected in an area that is noted for its extensive, and possibly very homogeneous, loess deposits. In addition, pottery sherds from Huating have been examined by microscopic petrography. All of these results will provide needed input in the planning of research towards the formation of a Neolithic'Shang Dynasty ceramic database for future use in archaeological research in China. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Yamanashi Inst Environmental Sci, Yamanashi 403005, Japan. RP Xu, AW (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PI OXFORD PA RES LAB ARCHAEOL HIST ART 6 KEBLE RD, OXFORD OX1 3QJ, ENGLAND SN 0003-813X J9 ARCHAEOMETRY JI Archaeometry PD FEB PY 2001 VL 43 BP 35 EP 47 DI 10.1111/1475-4754.00003 PN 1 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Archaeology; Chemistry; Geology GA 409RN UT WOS:000167398100003 ER EF