FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Park, JM Kim, KH Sohn, DS Kim, CK Hofman, GL AF Park, JM Kim, KH Sohn, DS Kim, CK Hofman, GL TI Characterization of U-Nb-Zr dispersion fuel prepared by centrifugal atomization process SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MO AB The dispersions of U-Nb-Zr alloy particles in aluminum were characterized in order to assess the applicability of this dispersion as research reactor fuel. Heat treatment revealed that the 9 wt% Nb alloy powder had, as expected, higher gamma-phase stability that the 5 wt% Nb alloy powder. A lamellar structure consisting of an alpha-U phase and gamma-phase was observed to start at the grain boundaries during heat treatment. The U-Nb-Zr alloy dispersion exhibited large volume increases during annealing when compared with similar experimental results for U3Si, U3Si2 and U-Mo dispersion fuel systems. The reaction product (U,Nb,Zr)Al-3 forms preferentially by diffusion of aluminum in the alpha-U phase which, in turn, forms during the diffusion process as the metastable gamma-phase decomposes. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Res Reactor Fuel Dev Project, Yusong Gu, Taejon 305353, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Park, JM (reprint author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Res Reactor Fuel Dev Project, Yusong Gu, 150 Dukjin Dong, Taejon 305353, South Korea. RI Sohn, Dong-Seong/F-8356-2011 OI Sohn, Dong-Seong/0000-0002-1984-4612 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00647-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 162PP UT WOS:000078356100005 ER PT J AU Xu, HF Wang, YF AF Xu, HF Wang, YF TI Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) study of oxidation states of Ce and U in pyrochlore and uraninite - natural analogues for Pu- and U-bearing waste forms SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SYNROC AB EELS based on features of ELNES of M(4) and M(5) edges can provide information regarding oxidation states of Ce and U in proposed host phases of radioactive wastes (e.g., pyrochlore, uraninite, and zirconolite). M(4) and M(5) edges of Ce(4+) have higher energy-loss than those of Ce(3+). Intensity ratio between M(4) and M(5) edges and weak peaks after the M(4) and M(5) edges can be used for quantification of Ce(3+) and Ce(4+). EELS results from an unaltered area of pyrochlore from Inner Mongolia of China shows Ce(3+) and other rare earth (RE) elements. However, EELS spectrum from the neighboring altered area shows Ce(4+), Ba and other RE elements. The oxidation of Ce results in loss of RE elements, U, and daughter product of alpha-decay Pb during the alteration of the pyrochlore. However, most RE elements were incorporated in to alteration product, the Ce(4+)-bearing pyrochlore. EELS spectra from a partially alpha-recoil damaged uraninite show that the ratio of U(6+)/U(4+) is about 2/3. The alteration of uraninite and spent fuel (UO(2)) in relatively reducing geological fluid results in the formation of coffinite that is a stable secondary waste form at low temperature. O 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Transmiss Electron Microscopy Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Xu, HF (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Transmiss Electron Microscopy Lab, Northrop Hall, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM hfxu@unm.edu; ywang@nwer.sandia.gov NR 12 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00566-2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 162PP UT WOS:000078356100014 ER PT J AU Dai, Y Bauer, GS Carsughi, F Ullmaier, H Maloy, SA Sommer, WF AF Dai, Y Bauer, GS Carsughi, F Ullmaier, H Maloy, SA Sommer, WF TI Microstructure in Martensitic Steel DIN 1.4926 after 800 MeV proton irradiation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Two double-wall windows of martensitic steel DIN 1.4926 were irradiated with 800 MeV protons at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) to a total number of charged particles of about 6.3 x 10(22) protons (2.8 Ah) in a temperature range from 50 degrees C to 230 degrees C. The corresponding maximum fluence at beam centre was of about 2.6 x 10(25) p/m(2). Initial examinations on irradiation induced changes of hardness and microstructure have been performed. The preliminary results of microstructural investigation show that precipitates become amorphous after irradiation. There are no evident changes in precipitate size and compositions. Voids and helium bubbles are not observed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Paul Scherrer Inst, Spallat Source Div, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, APT, TPO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dai, Y (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Spallat Source Div, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EM dai@psi.ch RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 203 EP 207 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00505-4 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 162PP UT WOS:000078356100022 ER PT J AU Siegel, JA Thomas, SR Stubbs, JB Stabin, MG Hays, MT Koral, KF Robertson, JS Howell, RW Wessels, BW Fisher, DR Weber, DA Brill, AB AF Siegel, JA Thomas, SR Stubbs, JB Stabin, MG Hays, MT Koral, KF Robertson, JS Howell, RW Wessels, BW Fisher, DR Weber, DA Brill, AB TI MIRD pamphlet no. 16: Techniques for quantitative radiopharmaceutical biodistribution data acquisition and analysis for use in human radiation dose estimates SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID EMISSION-COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ENERGY-WEIGHTED ACQUISITION; ABSOLUTE VOLUME DETERMINATION; SCATTER CORRECTION TECHNIQUES; GAMMA-CAMERA; MONTE-CARLO; ATTENUATION CORRECTION; COMPTON-SCATTER; BUILDUP FACTOR; THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AB This report describes recommended techniques for radiopharmaceutical biodistribution data acquisition and analysis in human subjects to estimate radiation absorbed dose using the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) schema. The document has been prepared in a format to address two audiences: individuals with a primary interest in designing clinical trials who are not experts in dosimetry and individuals with extensive experience with dosimetry-based protocols and calculational methodology. For the first group, the general concepts involved in biodistribution data acquisition are presented, with guidance provided for the number of measurements (data points) required. For those with expertise in dosimetry, highlighted sections, examples and appendices have been included to provide calculational details, as well as references, for the techniques involved. This document is intended also to serve as a guide for the investigator in choosing the appropriate methodologies when acquiring and preparing product data for review by national regulatory agencies. The emphasis is on planar imaging techniques commonly available in most nuclear medicine departments and laboratories. The measurement of the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals is an important aspect in calculating absorbed dose from internally deposited radionuclides, Three phases are presented: data collection, data analysis and data processing. In the first phase, data collection, the identification of source regions, the determination of their appropriate temporal sampling and the acquisition of data are discussed. In the second phase, quantitative measurement techniques involving imaging by planar scintillation camera, SPECT and PET for the calculation of activity in source regions as a function of time are discussed. In addition, nonimaging measurement techniques, including external radiation monitoring, tissue-sample counting (blood and biopsy) and excreta counting are also considered. The third phase, data processing, involves curve-fitting techniques to integrate the source lime-activity curves (determining the area under these curves). For some applications, compartmental modeling procedures may be used. Last, appendices are included that provide a table of symbols and definitions, a checklist for study protocol design, example formats for quantitative imaging protocols, temporal sampling error analysis techniques and selected calculational examples. The utilization of the presented approach should aid in the standardization of protocol design for collecting kinetic data and in the calculation of absorbed dose estimates. C1 Nucl Phys Enterprises, Cherry Hill, NJ 08003 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Div Med Phys, Cincinnati, OH USA. Radiat Dosimetry Syst Oak Ridge Inc, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Radiat Internal Dose Informat Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Michigan, Div Nucl Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Radiol, Div Radiat Res, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Res, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Siegel, JA (reprint author), 216 Society Hill, Cherry Hill, NJ 08003 USA. NR 128 TC 188 Z9 191 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 40 IS 2 BP 37S EP 61S PG 25 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 163PD UT WOS:000078413200035 PM 10025848 ER PT J AU DeNardo, SJ DeNardo, GL Kukis, DL Shen, S Kroger, LA DeNardo, DA Goldstein, DS Mirick, GR Salako, Q Mausner, LF Srivastava, SC Meares, CE AF DeNardo, SJ DeNardo, GL Kukis, DL Shen, S Kroger, LA DeNardo, DA Goldstein, DS Mirick, GR Salako, Q Mausner, LF Srivastava, SC Meares, CE TI Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression in patients with lymphoma SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE radioimmunotherapy; (CU)-C-67; lymphoma; pharmacokinetics; radiation dosimetry ID B-CELL LYMPHOMA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; LYM-1; RADIOIMMUNOCONJUGATE; RADIONUCLIDES; SELECTION; MARROW; I-131; TRIAL AB Lym-1, a monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets malignant lymphocytes, has induced therapeutic responses and prolonged survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma when labeled with I-131. Radiometal-labeled antibodies provide higher tumor radiation doses than corresponding I-131 antibodies. Cu-67 has an exceptional combination of properties desirable for radioimmunotherapy, including gamma and beta emissions for imaging and therapy, respectively, a biocompatible half-time and absence of pathways contributing to myelotoxicity. The radioimmunoconjugate, Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1, has been shown to be efficacious in nude mice bearing human Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) xenografts. Based on these results, a clinical study of the pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 in patients with lymphoma was initiated. Methods: Eleven patients with advanced stage 3 or 4 lymphoma were given a preload dose of unmodified Lym-1,then an imaging dose of 126-533 MBq (3.4-14.4 mCi) Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1. Total Lym-1 ranged from 25 to 70 mg dependent on the specific activity of the radioimmunoconjugate and was infused at a rate of 0.5-1 mg/min. Imaging, physical examination, including caliper measurement of superficial tumors, and analysis of blood, urine and fecal samples were performed for a period of 6-13 d after infusion to assess pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression. Results: In 7 patients, in whom superficial tumors had been accurately measured, tumors regressed from 18% to 75% (mean 48%) within several days of Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 infusion. The uptake and biological half-time of 67Cu-2IT-BATLym-1 in tumors were greater than those of normal tissues, except the mean liver half-time exceeded the mean tumor half-time. The mean tumor-to-marrow radiation ratio was 32:1, tumor-to-total body was 24:1 and tumor-to-liver was 1.5:1. Images were of very good quality; tumors and normal organs were readily identified. Mild and transient Lym-1 toxicity occurred in 6 patients; 1 patient developed a human antimouse antibody. There were no significant changes in blood counts or serum chemistries indicative of radiation toxicity. Conclusion: Because of the long residence time of Cu-67-2IT-BATLym-1 in tumors, high therapeutic ratios were achieved and, remarkably, numerous tumor regressions were observed after imaging doses. The results indicate considerable therapeutic potential for Cu-67-2IT-BAT-Lym-1. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP DeNardo, SJ (reprint author), Mol Canc Inst, Sect Radiodiag Therapy, 1508 Alhambra Blvd 3100, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA. RI Meares, Claude/A-8345-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA47829] NR 46 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 40 IS 2 BP 302 EP 310 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 163PD UT WOS:000078413200025 PM 10025839 ER PT J AU Shoup, TM Olson, J Hoffman, JM Votaw, J Eshima, D Eshima, L Camp, VM Stabin, M Votaw, D Goodman, MM AF Shoup, TM Olson, J Hoffman, JM Votaw, J Eshima, D Eshima, L Camp, VM Stabin, M Votaw, D Goodman, MM TI Synthesis and evaluation of [(18)F]1-amino-3-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid to image brain tumors SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE neoplasm; PET; amino acid; radiofluorine ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; ALPHA-AMINOISOBUTYRIC-ACID; CEREBRAL GLIOMAS; AMINO-ACIDS; F-18 FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE; SUPRATENTORIAL GLIOMAS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; PET; TRANSPORT; METABOLISM AB We have developed a new tumor-avid amino acid, 1-amino-3- fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (FACBC), labeled with (18)F for nuclear medicine imaging. Methods: [(18)F]FACBC was prepared with high specific activity (no carrier added [NCA]) and was evaluated for its potential in tumor localization. A comparative study was performed for [(18)F]FACBC and [(18)F]2-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in which the uptake of each agent in 9L gliosarcoma (implanted intracerebrally in Fisher 344 rats) was measured. In addition, the first human PET study of [(18)F]FACBC was performed on a patient with residual glioblastoma multiforme. Quantitative brain images of the patient were obtained by using a Siemens 921 47-slice PET imaging system. Results: In the rat brain, the initial level of radioactivity accumulation after injection of [(18)F]FACBC was low (0.11 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]) at 5 min and increased slightly to 0.26 %ID/g at 60 min. The tumor uptake exhibited a maximum at 60 min (1.72 %ID/g), resulting in a tumor-to-brain ratio increase of 5.58 at 5 min to 6.61 at 60 min. In the patient, the uptake of [(18)F]FACBC in the tumor exhibited a maximum concentration of 146 nCi/mL at 35 min after injection. The uptake of radioactivity in the normal brain tissue was low, 21 nCi/mL at 15 min after injection, and gradually increased to 29 nCi/mL at 60 min after injection. The ratio of tumor to normal tissue was 6 at 20 min after injection. The [(18)F]FACBC PET scan showed intense uptake in the left frontal region of the brain. Conclusion: The amino acid FACBC can be radiofluorinated for clinical use. [(18)F]FACBC is a potential PET tracer for tumor imaging. C1 Emory Univ, Emory Ctr PET, Dept Neurosurg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Goodman, MM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Radiol, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 50 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 40 IS 2 BP 331 EP 338 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 163PD UT WOS:000078413200029 PM 10025843 ER PT J AU Rempel, D Tittiranonda, P Burastero, S Hudes, M So, Y AF Rempel, D Tittiranonda, P Burastero, S Hudes, M So, Y TI Effect of keyboard keyswitch design on hand pain SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; WORK POSTURE; DISCOMFORT; FORCE; TASK AB This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effects of Keyboard keyswitch design on computer users with hand paresthesias, Twenty computer users were matched and randomly assigned to Keyboard A (n = 10) or B (n = 10;, The keyboards were of conventional layout and differed in keyswitch design, Various outcome measures were assessed during the 12 weeks of use. Subjects assigned Keyboard A experienced a decrease in hand pain between weeks 6 and 12 when compared with Keyboard B subjects (P = 0.05) and demonstrated an improvement in, the Phalen test time (right hand, P = 0, 006; left hand, P = 0.006). Keyboard assignment had no significant effect on change in hand function or median nerve latency. We conclude that use of Keyboard A for 12 weeks led to a reduction in hand;pain and an improved physical examination finding when compared with keyboard B, There was no corresponding improvement in hand function, or median nerve latency. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Div Environm & Occupat Med, Richmond, CA 94707 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Interdisciplinary Ergon Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Rempel, D (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Div Environm & Occupat Med, 1301 S 46th St,Bldg 112, Richmond, CA 94707 USA. RI Rempel, David/E-8424-2013 NR 36 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 41 IS 2 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1097/00043764-199902000-00006 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 167VT UT WOS:000078655300006 PM 10029956 ER PT J AU Woltering, EA O'Dorisio, MS Murphy, WA Chen, F Drouant, GJ Espenan, GD Fisher, DR Sharma, C Diaco, DS Maloney, TM Fuselier, JA Nelson, JA O'Dorisio, TM Coy, DH AF Woltering, EA O'Dorisio, MS Murphy, WA Chen, F Drouant, GJ Espenan, GD Fisher, DR Sharma, C Diaco, DS Maloney, TM Fuselier, JA Nelson, JA O'Dorisio, TM Coy, DH TI Synthesis and characterization of multiply-tyrosinated, multiply-iodinated somatostatin analogs SO JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE growth hormone; neuroblastoma; in situ radiotherapy; pituitary cells; radiation; scintigraphy; somatostatin; somatostatin receptors ID VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; NEUROBLASTOMA; RECEPTORS; TUMORS; LOCALIZATION; THERAPY AB Radio-labeled somatostatin analogs have recently gained popularity as agents useful in intraoperative tumor localization, external scintigraphy and in situ radiotherapy. We have synthesized and characterized a series of novel N-terminally extended multiply-tyrosinated somatostatin analogs that possess high binding affinity for somatostatin receptors, exhibit biological activity comparable to the native peptide and retain these characteristics after iodination. These analogs can be radio-iodinated to high specific activities. Following radioiodination, these analogs exhibit minimal radiolysis and may be clinically useful for tumor localization, scanning and therapy. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Surg Endocrinol, Radiolabeled Peptide Grp, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Stanley S Scott Canc Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Peptide Res Lab, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Iso Tex, Friendswood, TX 77546 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Pediat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Woltering, EA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Surg Endocrinol, Radiolabeled Peptide Grp, 1542 Tulane Ave,Suite 749, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1397-002X J9 J PEPT RES JI J. Pept. Res. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 53 IS 2 BP 201 EP 213 DI 10.1111/j.1397-002X.1999.00019.x PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 177HL UT WOS:000079204500011 PM 10195457 ER PT J AU Gifford, AN Bruneus, M Gatley, SJ Lan, RX Makriyannis, A Volkow, ND AF Gifford, AN Bruneus, M Gatley, SJ Lan, RX Makriyannis, A Volkow, ND TI Large receptor reserve for cannabinoid actions in the central nervous system SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID CB1 RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; ACETYLCHOLINE-RELEASE; MOUSE-BRAIN; AGONIST; DELTA(9)-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; AUTORECEPTORS; INACTIVATION; RADIOLIGAND; PROTEIN AB The receptor occupancy required to produce cannabinoid effects in the central nervous system was determined in both a neurochemical and a behavioral assay for cannabinoid actions. In the neurochemical experiments, performed on superfused rat hippocampal slices, electrically evoked [H-3]acetylcholine release was inhibited by the cannabinoid agonist, WIN 55212 to 2 with an EC50 of 0.005 mu M and maximum effect of 79%. In parallel experiments examining binding of the radiolabeled CB1 antagonist [I-131]AM 281 {N-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(4-[I-131]iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide} to living hippocampal slices, WIN 55212 to 2 inhibited [I-131]AM 281 binding with an EC50 of 1.3 mu M. From these two sets of data it was determined that 50% of maximal inhibition of [H-3]acetylcholine release in hippocampal slices occurs at a receptor occupancy of only 0.13% and 95% of maximal inhibition at a receptor occupancy of 7.5%, suggesting the presence of a receptor reserve that is large compared with other G protein-coupled receptor systems in the central nervous system. In behavioral experiments, WIN 55212 to 2 inhibited spontaneous locomotor activity in mice with an ED50 of 0.3 mg/kg, i.v.. In in vivo binding experiments using [I-131]AM 281, WIN 55212 to 2 failed to produce significant inhibition of radiotracer binding in the mouse brains, except at very high doses (10 mg/kg or greater, i.v.). By contrast, the CB1 antagonist SR 141716A(10 mg/kg, i.p.), completely abolished specific [I-131]AM 281 binding. These experiments suggest that behavioral effects of cannabinoids, like neurochemical effects, are produced at very low receptor occupancy. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Pharmaceut Sci & Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT USA. RP Gifford, AN (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA12412-01] NR 24 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 288 IS 2 BP 478 EP 483 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 161KA UT WOS:000078286700012 PM 9918548 ER PT J AU Margetis, S Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Baton, RA Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Carr, LD Cebra, D Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Snellings, R Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Struck, C Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Xu, N Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R AF Margetis, S Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Baton, RA Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Carr, LD Cebra, D Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Snellings, R Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Struck, C Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Xu, N Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R TI Strangeness measurements in NA49 experiment with Pb projectiles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEON AB Charged and neutral strange particle production was studied by the NA49 experiment at CERN. Preliminary inclusive spectra are presented for K+/-, K-S(0), Phi, Lambda, <(Lambda)over bar> and Xi(+/-) particles, measured in a region close to mid-rapidity, for central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon. An enhanced strange particle production relative to properly scaled elementary nucleon-nucleon collisions is observed, but its strength is similar to lighter S + nucleus systems. The enhancement is stronger for multistrange particles. C1 Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GSI, Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Frankfurt, Fachbereich Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-3550 Marburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Phys Expt, PL-00325 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Margetis, S (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Carr, Lincoln/E-3819-2016; OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Carr, Lincoln/0000-0002-4848-7941; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171 NR 16 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 189 EP 197 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800006 ER PT J AU Gabler, F Bachler, J Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Betev, L Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Boimska, B Bormann, C Bracinik, J Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Fischer, HG Ftacnik, J Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Hill, LA Hlinka, V Huang, I Igo, G Ivanov, M Jacobs, P Janik, R Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Konashenok, A Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Mayes, W Melkumov, GL Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Pikna, M Pinsky, L Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Seyboth, P Sikler, F Sitar, B Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strmen, P Strobele, H Struck, C Szarka, I Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zybert, R AF Gabler, F Bachler, J Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Betev, L Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Boimska, B Bormann, C Bracinik, J Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Fischer, HG Ftacnik, J Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Hill, LA Hlinka, V Huang, I Igo, G Ivanov, M Jacobs, P Janik, R Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Konashenok, A Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Mayes, W Melkumov, GL Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Pikna, M Pinsky, L Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Seyboth, P Sikler, F Sitar, B Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strmen, P Strobele, H Struck, C Szarka, I Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zybert, R CA NA49 Collaboration TI Xi(-)- and (Xi)over bar(+)-production in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl AB Preliminary results on multistrange particle production in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon are presented. The NA49 experiment provides the capability of performing measurements of multistrange particles in two independent methods. The complementary acceptance of the methods in the MTPC and the VTPC2 detector cover a wide range of rapidity. Transverse mass spectra and rapidity distributions are presented. Preliminary particle ratios are shown and a first estimation of full phase-space multiplicity is completed. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Bratislava, Slovakia. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Inst Phys Nucl, Krakow, Poland. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Fachbereich Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-3550 Marburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00325 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Gabler, F (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM gabler@ikf.uni-frankfurt.de RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; NR 9 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800007 ER PT J AU Ganz, R Back, BB Betts, RR Britt, HC Chang, J Chang, WC Chi, CY Chu, YY Cumming, JB Dunlop, JC Eldredge, W Fung, SY Ganz, R Garcia, E Gillitzer, A Heintzelman, G Henning, WF Hofman, DJ Holzman, B Kang, JH Kim, EJ Kim, SY Kwon, Y McLeod, D Mignerey, A Moulson, M Nanal, V Ogilvie, C Pak, R Ruangma, A Russ, DE Seto, RK Stanskas, PJ Stephans, GSF Wang, H Wolfs, FLH Wuosmaa, AH Xiang, H Xu, GH Yao, HB Zou, CM AF Ganz, R Back, BB Betts, RR Britt, HC Chang, J Chang, WC Chi, CY Chu, YY Cumming, JB Dunlop, JC Eldredge, W Fung, SY Ganz, R Garcia, E Gillitzer, A Heintzelman, G Henning, WF Hofman, DJ Holzman, B Kang, JH Kim, EJ Kim, SY Kwon, Y McLeod, D Mignerey, A Moulson, M Nanal, V Ogilvie, C Pak, R Ruangma, A Russ, DE Seto, RK Stanskas, PJ Stephans, GSF Wang, H Wolfs, FLH Wuosmaa, AH Xiang, H Xu, GH Yao, HB Zou, CM CA E917 Collaboration TI Strangeness production in high density baryon matter SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl AB Strangeness production in heavy ion collisions, when compared with proton-proton collisions, is potentially a sensitive probe for collective energy deposition and therefore for reaction mechanisms in general. It may therefore provide insight into possible quark-gluon plasma formation in dense nuclear matter. To establish an understanding of the observed yields, a systematic study of high density baryon matter at different beam energies is essential. This might also reveal possible discontinuities in the energy dependence of the reaction mechanism. We present preliminary results for kaon production in Au + Au collisions at beam kinetic energies of 6, 8, and 10.7 GeV/u obtained by the E917 experiment at the AGS (BNL). These measurements complement those carried out by the E866 Collaboration at 2, 4, and 10.7 GeV/u with a significantly enlarged data sample. In both experiments a large range of rapidities was covered by taking data at different angular settings of the magnetic spectrometer. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Dept Energy, Div Nucl Phys, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Munich, Germany. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Ganz, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 845 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RI Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Chang, Wen-Chen/0000-0002-1695-7830 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 247 EP 253 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800012 ER PT J AU Chung, P Alexander, JM Ajitanand, NN Anderson, M Best, D Brady, FP Case, T Caskey, W Cebra, D Chance, JL Cole, B Crowe, K Das, A Draper, JE Gilkes, ML Gushue, S Heffner, M Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Huo, L Justice, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Klay, J Krofcheck, D Lacey, RA Law, C Lisa, MA Liu, H Liu, YM McGrath, R Milosevich, Z Odyniec, G Olson, DL Panitkin, S Pinkenburg, C Porile, NT Rai, G Ritter, HG Romero, JL Scharenberg, R Schroeder, L Srivastava, B Stone, NTB Symons, TJM Whitfield, J Zhang, WN AF Chung, P Alexander, JM Ajitanand, NN Anderson, M Best, D Brady, FP Case, T Caskey, W Cebra, D Chance, JL Cole, B Crowe, K Das, A Draper, JE Gilkes, ML Gushue, S Heffner, M Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Huo, L Justice, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Klay, J Krofcheck, D Lacey, RA Law, C Lisa, MA Liu, H Liu, YM McGrath, R Milosevich, Z Odyniec, G Olson, DL Panitkin, S Pinkenburg, C Porile, NT Rai, G Ritter, HG Romero, JL Scharenberg, R Schroeder, L Srivastava, B Stone, NTB Symons, TJM Whitfield, J Zhang, WN CA E895 Collaboration TI Neutral strange particle production and flow at AGS energies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl ID COLLISIONS AB In recent experiments at the AGS, the E895 Collaboration has made detailed measurements of neutral strange particles (K-s(0) and Lambda) over a broad range of incident energies and impact parameters for the Au + Au system. Preliminary results are presented for the production yields and the sidewards flow of these particles. The production yields show relatively good agreement with existing systematics. The Lambda particles show flow results which are similar to those reported for protons, albeit with a smaller magnitude. On the other hand, the K-s(0) seem to follow an anti-flow pattern suggesting that the kaon vector potential plays an important role in high-density nuclear matter. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. St Marys Coll, Moraga, CA 94575 USA. Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. RP Chung, P (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 255 EP 261 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800013 ER PT J AU Sollfrank, J Heinz, U Sorge, H Xu, N AF Sollfrank, J Heinz, U Sorge, H Xu, N TI Thermal analysis of particle yields from RQMD SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; EQUILIBRATION; EXPANSION AB The thermal model is often used to characterize the hadronic final state of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We investigate the bias of incomplete momentum space information on the extraction of thermal parameters. We use RQMD(v2.3) to generate full momentum space multiplicities. Then we apply cuts in rapidity and use measured subsets of stable particles for our investigation. We find that using the full set of stable particles decreases considerable the quality of the thermal fit compared to fits using subsets of particles typically measured in experiments. The particles responsible for making the fit worse are the multi-strange baryons and anti-baryons. Also rapidity cuts on particle multiplicities lead to worse fits. C1 Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sollfrank, J (reprint author), Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/25/2/025 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800025 ER PT J AU Barnby, LS Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Carr, LD Cebra, D Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Huang, I Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Struck, C Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R AF Barnby, LS Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barna, D Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Bialkowska, H Billmeier, A Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Brun, R Buncic, P Caines, HL Carr, LD Cebra, D Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cristinziani, M Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Huang, I Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Oldenburg, M Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Struck, C Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Veres, G Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R CA NA49 Collaboration TI Reconstruction over a large rapidity interval of Lambda, (Lambda)over-bar and K-S(0) in the NA49 experiment SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PADUA, ITALY SP Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl AB The NA49 experiment is able to measure the production of neutral strange baryons and mesons along with other hadronic species in Pb + Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon. These strange particles are an important piece of evidence in the search for the quark-gluon plasma. They have been reconstructed from their charged decay products recorded in the experiment's time projection chambers. A new round of data production has been undertaken with improved software, allowing the reconstruction of neutral strange particles over a rapidity interval covering both sides of mid-rapidity. The procedures used to obtain this sample are outlined and a comparison of the phase space coverage with respect to previous measurements is made. C1 Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Inst Phys Nucl, Krakow, Poland. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Frankfurt, Fachbereich Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-3550 Marburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Phys Expt, PL-00325 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Barnby, LS (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, Philosophenweg 12, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Carr, Lincoln/E-3819-2016 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Carr, Lincoln/0000-0002-4848-7941 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 469 EP 472 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 168LT UT WOS:000078694800036 ER PT J AU Keeney, JA AF Keeney, JA TI Fracture analysis of the heat-affected zone in the NESC-1 spinning cylinder experiment SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB This paper presents updated analyses of the cylinder specimen being used in the international Network for Evaluating Steel Components (NESC) large-scale spinning-cylinder project (NESC-1). The NESC was organized as an international forum to exchange information on procedures for structural integrity assessment, to collaborate on specific projects, and to promote the harmonization of international standards. The objective of the NESC-1 project is to focus on a complete procedure for assessing the structural integrity of aged reactor pressure vessels. A clad cylinder containing through-clad and subclad cracks will be tested under pressurized-thermal shock conditions at AEA Technology, Risley, U.K. Three-dimensional finite-element analyses were carried out to determine the effects of including the cladding heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the models. The cylinder was modeled with inner-surface through-clad cracks having a depth of 74 mm and aspect ratios of 2:1 and 6:1. The cylinder specimen was subjected to centrifugal lending followed by a thermal shock and analyzed with a thermoelastic-plastic material model. The peak K-1 values occurred at the clad/HAZ interface for the 6:I crack and at the HAZ/base interface for the 2:1 crack. The analytical results indicate that cleavage initiation is likely to be achieved for the 6:1 crack, but questionable for the 2:1 crack. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Keeney, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1999 VL 121 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1115/1.2883662 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 168PQ UT WOS:000078701800001 ER PT J AU Chopra, OK Shack, WJ AF Chopra, OK Shack, WJ TI Overview of fatigue crack initiation in carbon and low-alloy steels in light water reactor environments SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 26-30, 1998 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE WATER; PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH; LIFE AB Recent test data illustrate potentially significant effects of light water reactor (LWR) coolant environments on the fatigue resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels. The crack initiation and crack growth characteristics of carbon and low-alloy steels in LWR environments are presented Decreases in fatigue lives of these steels in high-dissolved-oxygen water are caused primarily by the effect of environment on growth of short cracks <100 mu m in depth. The material and loading parameters that influence fatigue life in LWR environments are defined. Statistical models have been developed to estimate the fatigue lives of these steels in LWR environments, and design fatigue curves have been developed for carbon and low-alloy steel components in LWR environments. The significance of environmental effect on the current Code design curve is evaluated. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chopra, OK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 65 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1999 VL 121 IS 1 BP 49 EP 60 DI 10.1115/1.2883667 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 168PQ UT WOS:000078701800009 ER PT J AU Egami, T Louca, D AF Egami, T Louca, D TI Electron-lattice coupling in manganites and cuprates SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY AB The lattice effects of charge localization in manganites and cuprates are discussed from the local structural point of view. Pulsed neutron atomic pair-density function (PDF) analysis indicates that in La1-xSrxMnO3 the real structure deviates from the average crystal structure, and the local Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion of Mn3+O6 octahedra remains even in the metallic phase. This leads to a concept of the critical ionic size factor for the formation of JT polarons. The colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) phenomena are observed in the crossover region from localized to delocalized charge states. This concept also explains the asymmetry of the phase diagram which is difficult to understand in the current band picture. Similar consideration may help understand the lattice effects in superconducting cuprates. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Res Struct Matter Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Egami, T (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Res Struct Matter Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1023/A:1007701015301 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300006 ER PT J AU de Leon, JM de Coss, R Rubio-Ponce, A Bishop, AR Trugman, SA AF de Leon, JM de Coss, R Rubio-Ponce, A Bishop, AR Trugman, SA TI Isotopic shifts in a polaronic system SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANHARMONICITY; SCATTERING; YBA2CU3OX AB The effect of isotopic substitution in a model polaronic system is presented. We use a three-site many body electron-phonon model which includes electronic correlations and electron-phonon interactions, showing the presence of polaron tuneling for intermediate and strong couplings. The isotopic substitution changes the dynamics of polaron tuneling. Additionally in the intermediate electron-phonon coupling regime, relevant for high-T-c superconductors, a change in the local structure is predicted. In this regime, the isotopic shift of phonon excitations is consistent with results of optical measurements of c-axis phonons in YBa2Cu3O7. C1 IPN, Ctr Invest & Estud Avanzados, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Venezuela. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP IPN, Ctr Invest & Estud Avanzados, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Venezuela. RI Mustre de Leon, Jose/B-5630-2009 OI Mustre de Leon, Jose/0000-0002-0513-2323 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 37 EP 39 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300009 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, A Goldman, AM Zutic, I Valls, OT Welp, U Veal, B AF Bhattacharya, A Goldman, AM Zutic, I Valls, OT Welp, U Veal, B TI Investigation of the symmetry of the pairing state in YBa2Cu3O7-delta using the nonlinear transverse magnetic moment: Experimental results SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY DE nonlinear Meissner effect; pairing state; YBCO ID TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; FIELD DEPENDENCE; PHOTOEMISSION; YBA2CU3O6.95 AB Measurements of the nonlinear transverse magnetic moment have been carried out on disk-shaped samples of YBCO, using an ac technique. Numerical calculations for a d(x2-y2) pairing state predict a fourfold modulation of this moment as a function of the angle between the applied magnetic and the crystalline axes for a magnetic field applied in the a-b plane of the sample. Our results imply a minimum nonzero gap at all points on the Fermi surface. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bhattacharya, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Bhattacharya, Anand/G-1645-2011 OI Bhattacharya, Anand/0000-0002-6839-6860 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1023/A:1007738123479 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300024 ER PT J AU Phillips, NE Buffeteau, B Calemczuk, R Dennis, KW Emerson, JP Fisher, RA Gordon, JE Hargreaves, TE Marcenat, C McCallum, RW O'Connor, AS Schilling, A Woodfield, BF Wright, DA AF Phillips, NE Buffeteau, B Calemczuk, R Dennis, KW Emerson, JP Fisher, RA Gordon, JE Hargreaves, TE Marcenat, C McCallum, RW O'Connor, AS Schilling, A Woodfield, BF Wright, DA TI Specific heat of YBa2Cu3O7-delta and (La2-xSrx)CuO4: Evidence for d-wave pairing SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY DE specific heat; YBCO; LSCO; d-wave ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX AB New low-temperature specific-heat data for YBa2Cu3O7-delta, 0 less than or equal to delta less than or equal to 0.2, and (La1.85Sr0.15)CuO4 in magnetic fields (H) to 9 T are reported. They show features predicted for the lines of nodes in the energy gap that are expected for d-wave pairing; for H = 0, a T-2 term; for H not equal 0 an H-1/2 T term with a crossover to a more complicated T dependence at higher T and lower H. The results are compared with recent measurements in other laboratories. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Grenoble, DRFMC, LCP, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Amherst Coll, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. RP Phillips, NE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 105 EP 111 DI 10.1023/A:1007790107549 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300025 ER PT J AU Ovchinnikov, Y Wolf, S Kresin, V AF Ovchinnikov, Y Wolf, S Kresin, V TI Inhomogeneities and magnetic properties of the cuprates SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; FIELD AB Thermodynamic and transport measurements display an unconventional behavior of H-c2. One can observe a diamagnetic response in inhomogenous overdoped sample. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 125 EP 127 DI 10.1023/A:1007798309366 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300029 ER PT J AU Cooley, JC Mielke, CH Hults, VL Goettee, JD Honold, MM Modler, RM Lacerda, A Rickel, DG Smith, JL AF Cooley, JC Mielke, CH Hults, VL Goettee, JD Honold, MM Modler, RM Lacerda, A Rickel, DG Smith, JL TI High field gap closure in the Kondo insulator SmB6 SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY DE SmB6; hexaboride; Kondo insulator; magnetoresistance; insulating gap; Megagauss fields ID ANDERSON MODEL; DEGENERACY; CE3BI4PT3 AB We have measured the longitudinal magnetoresistance of SmB6 single crystals in magnetic fields up to 145 T. The insulating gap closes at approximate to 80-90 T and above 100 T the magnetoresistance is positive and quadratic. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013; Mielke, Charles/S-6827-2016 OI Mielke, Charles/0000-0002-2096-5411 NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1023/A:1007771030747 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300040 ER PT J AU Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ Sarrao, J Thompson, JD Morales, L Fisk, Z Wojakowski, A Cichorek, T AF Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ Sarrao, J Thompson, JD Morales, L Fisk, Z Wojakowski, A Cichorek, T TI Strongly correlated f-electron systems: A PES study SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID HEAVY-FERMION SYSTEMS; ALLOYS; MODEL C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Trzebiatowski Inst, Wroclaw, Poland. Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Arko, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 175 EP 179 DI 10.1023/A:1007723114818 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300041 ER PT J AU Bishop, AR Yu, ZG AF Bishop, AR Yu, ZG TI Mesoscale charge-ordering in transition metal oxides: Formation and signatures SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY AB We briefly outline the value of an inhomogeneous (unrestricted) Hartree-Fock plus Random Phase approach for understanding the types and properties of mesoscopic patterns of localized small polarons in transition metal oxides. Using a multiband Peierls-Hubbard model for a hole-doped CuO2 layer as an illustrative example, we demonstrate the appearance of correlated high-energy (electronic) and low-energy (localized phonon and spin-wave) signatures of various vertical, diagonal, metal-centered, and oxygen-centered mesoscopic stripe patterns of localized holes (small polarons). This represents important inhomogeneous magneto-elastic coupling. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bishop, AR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yu, Z/B-5547-2009 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 209 EP 213 DI 10.1023/A:1007735417544 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300047 ER PT J AU Trugman, SA Bonca, J AF Trugman, SA Bonca, J TI The polaron: Ground state, excited states, and far from equilibrium SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY AB We describe a variational approach for solving the Holstein polaron model with dynamical quantum phonons on an infinite lattice. The method is simple, fast, extremely accurate, and gives ground and excited state energies and wavefunctions at any momentum k. The method can also be used to calculate coherent quantum dynamics fdr inelastic tunneling and for strongly driven polarons far from equilibrium. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Ljubljana, FMF, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RP Trugman, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 221 EP 223 DI 10.1023/A:1007791502523 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300050 ER PT J AU Gor'kov, LP Kresin, VZ AF Gor'kov, LP Kresin, VZ TI Properties of manganites: Band and percolation approaches SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID FERROMAGNETISM AB Properties of the parent compound, LaMnO3 are greatly affected by strong Hund's coupling. The result of this coupling is antiferromagnetic ordering (with a low Neel temperature) along one of the cubic axes and, as a consequence, a picture of disconnected ferromagnetic layers. Furthermore, the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect turns the compound into a band insulator. At small doping (La1-xCaxMnO3, x<<1) the band insulator state coexists with the presence of localized holes. An insulator-ferromagnetic metal transition occurs at the percolation point x(c) = 0.16. C1 Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gor'kov, LP (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 243 EP 246 DI 10.1023/A:1007756022087 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300057 ER PT J AU Franck, JP Isaac, I Chen, WM Chrzanowski, J Irwin, JC Homes, CC AF Franck, JP Isaac, I Chen, WM Chrzanowski, J Irwin, JC Homes, CC TI Isotope studies of the CMR compounds La1-xCaxMnO3+delta SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; MANGANITES; LA0.7CA0.3MNO3; TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT AB Oxygen isotope effect studies of the ferromagnetic Curie temperature T-c of La1-xCaxMnO3 are presented. The isotope exponent alpha(0) = -Delta ln T-c/Delta ln m(0) changes from 0.4 to 0.14 in the range 0.2 < x < 0.43. The isotope exponent decreases strongly with increasing tolerance factor, or decreasing lattice distortion. Above T-c the conductivity is characteristic of small polarons. Raman scattering shows a prominent peak at 230 cm(-1). The peak width could be related to site-dependent Jahn-Teller distortions above T-c, becoming significantly smaller at and below T-c. IR reflectivity data show a much larger zero frequency IR conductivity than de conductivity. The IR peaks are independent of temperature between 150 and 295 K. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Franck, JP (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 263 EP 267 DI 10.1023/A:1007764223904 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300061 ER PT J AU Louca, D Egami, T Kwei, GH AF Louca, D Egami, T Kwei, GH TI The local Jahn-Teller effect in (La/Sr)(n+1)MnO3n+1 SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY DE JT distortions; lattice polarons; dimensionality ID PULSED-NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1-XSRXMNO3; RESISTIVITY AB Lattice polarons play an important role in the mechanism of colossal magnetoresistance in the (La/Sr)(n + 1)MnnO3n + 1 manganites. Local lattice distortions were characterized by the pulsed neutron pair density function (PDF) analysis. The result shows that the doped holes form polarons related to the Jahn-Teller (JT) effect, both in the two-dimensional layered crystals (n = 2) and in the perovskites (n = infinity). The temperature effects are also similar in both systems suggesting that lattice polarons are largely independent of the crystal symmetry. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Res Struct Matter Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Louca, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 10,MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 291 EP 293 DI 10.1023/A:1007728610700 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300068 ER PT J AU Booth, CH Bridges, F Neumeier, JJ Brosha, EL Geballe, TH Snyder, GJ Kwei, GH AF Booth, CH Bridges, F Neumeier, JJ Brosha, EL Geballe, TH Snyder, GJ Kwei, GH TI Effects of magnetization on dole localization and MnO6 octahedra disorder in hole-doped lanthanum manganese perovskites SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY DE X-ray-absorption fine-structure (XAFS); "colossal" magnetoresistance (CMR); Jahn-Teller polarons; La(1-x)A(x)MnO(3); La1-yMnO3+delta ID LA1-XSRXMNO3; DISTORTION AB We review the distortions of the MnO6 octahedra reduced by magnetization in hole-doped lanthanum manganese perovskites. The systems we consider include the "colossal" magnetoresistance (CMR) samples La1-xCaxMnO3 (x=0.21, 0.25, 0.30), La0.67Ba0.33MnO3, and a poorer quality La0.67Pb0.33MnO3 sample. We also report preliminary work on three samples of oxygen-doped LaMnO3 + delta and a lanthanum-deficient La0.9MnO3 sample. We find the same exponential relationship between the removal of the distortion and the sample magnetization in the Ba- and Pb-doped CMR samples as was found previously for the Ca-doped samples. The MnO6 distortion in the oxygen-doped materials is found to slightly reduce below the magnetic transition, although much less so than in the CMR samples. Above T-c, the antiferromagnetic LaMnO3.006 sample shows a softer temperature dependence of the Mn-O bond length distribution broadening. Surprisingly, even this sample shows deviations from thermal (Debye) behavior near T-N, possibly due to FM coupling within MnO planes. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Booth, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Snyder, G. Jeffrey/E-4453-2011; Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008; Snyder, G/I-2263-2015 OI Snyder, G. Jeffrey/0000-0003-1414-8682; NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 295 EP 298 DI 10.1023/A:1007780727538 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300069 ER PT J AU Roder, H AF Roder, H TI Magneto-elastic polarons in CMR perovskites SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism CY JUN, 1998 CL ERICE, ITALY ID COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE AB In this presentation I focus on the ferro- to paramagnetic transition in the manganese perovskites. I present a set of simple approximations which couple the relevant electronic degrees of freedom, the double exchange model, to local Jahn-Teller like lattice distortions. In a simplistic description, I show how this coupling controls the magnetism in the narrow band manganates, and how their critical behavior is influenced by the quasilocalization of Jahn-Teller polarons. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Roder, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 303 EP 305 DI 10.1023/A:1007784828447 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 178XK UT WOS:000079294300071 ER PT J AU Swift, GW Gardner, DL Backhaus, S AF Swift, GW Gardner, DL Backhaus, S TI Acoustic recovery of lost power in pulse tube refrigerators SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-FLOW SYSTEM; REGENERATORS; PERFORMANCE; ENGINE AB In an efficient Stirling-cycle cryocooler, the cold piston or displacer recovers power from the gas. This power is dissipated into heat in the orifice of an orifice pulse tube refrigerator, decreasing system efficiency. Recovery of some of this power in a pulse tube refrigerator, without sacrificing the simplicity and reliability inherent in a system with no cold moving parts, is described in this paper. In one method of such power recovery, the hot ends of both the regenerator and the pulse tube are connected to the front of the piston driving the refrigerator. Experimental data is presented demonstrating this method using a thermoacoustic driver instead of a piston driver. Control of time-averaged mass flux through the refrigerator is crucial to this power recovery, lest the refrigerator's cooling power be overwhelmed by a room-temperature mass flux. Two methods are demonstrated for control of mass flux: a barrier method, and a hydrodynamic method based on turbulent irreversible flow. At -55 degrees C, the refrigerator provided cooling with 9% of the Carnot coefficient of performance. With straightforward improvements, similar refrigerators should achieve efficiencies greater than those of prior pulse tube refrigerators and prior standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerators, while maintaining the advantages of no moving parts. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(99)00802-4]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Swift, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Backhaus, Scott/F-4285-2012 NR 29 TC 88 Z9 107 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 105 IS 2 BP 711 EP 724 DI 10.1121/1.426262 PN 1 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 161KL UT WOS:000078287800014 ER PT J AU Overcamp, TJ Harden, JM Cicero-Herman, CA Bickford, DF AF Overcamp, TJ Harden, JM Cicero-Herman, CA Bickford, DF TI Metal emissions from Joule-heated vitrification systems SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Vitrification demonstrations were conducted for surrogates of three inorganic wastewater sludges in a high-temperature, refractory-lined, slurry-fed melter. The total particulate concentrations and melter decontamination factors were determined for selected elements. The decontamination factors were less than 10 for cadmium and lead in all three demonstrations. The decontamination factors for chromium were less than 30 in the two demonstrations using refractories containing chromium, and they were greater than 150 for the demonstrations using refractories without chromium. Except for one demonstration on a surrogate waste with a high sulfate content, decontamination factors were above 80 for the other heavy metals in the demonstrations. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Anderson, SC USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC USA. RP Overcamp, TJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Anderson, SC USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 49 IS 2 BP 219 EP 224 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 167PL UT WOS:000078642400014 PM 28085658 ER PT J AU Perham, TJ De Jonghe, LC MoberlyChan, WJ AF Perham, TJ De Jonghe, LC MoberlyChan, WJ TI Joining of silicon carbide with a cordierite glass-ceramic SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REINFORCED SIC COMPOSITES; CRYSTALLIZATION AB A method for the joining of silicon carbide using a cordierite glass-ceramic has been developed. Cordierite, with glass-ceramic processing, remains amorphous and wets the SiC substrate to form a strong bond when rapidly fired. Subsequent heat treatment crystallizes a multiphase interlayer with a matching bulk thermal expansion coefficient (CTE). A benchtop tape casting method for depositing joining precursor films of varying thickness is described. The wetting characteristics of cordierite on SiC that are pertinent to the joining process are shown to be highly sensitive to processing atmosphere. Doping with a fluoride ion flux can lower the peak processing temperature,without significantly altering the crystallization path. The effect of interlayer thickness is observed by monitoring indentation crack paths and with 4-point bending tests. Controlling the degree of crystallinity is shown to tailor the mismatches in thermal expansion coefficient and elastic moduli to produce joints of high strength (sigma(F) > 500 MPa). Characterization is accomplished with XRD, SEM, and TEM. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Adv Mat, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Perham, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Adv Mat, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 297 EP 305 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 167VH UT WOS:000078654100004 ER PT J AU Browning, ND Buban, JP Moltaji, HO Duscher, G AF Browning, ND Buban, JP Moltaji, HO Duscher, G TI Investigating the structure-property relationships at grain boundaries in MgO using bond-valence pair potentials and multiple scattering analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION; INTERFACES; OXIDE AB We describe the use of bond-valence analysis to investigate the segregation of calcium atoms at an MgO [001] tilt grain boundary. For small deviations array from the equilibrium metal-oxide bond length, the bond-valence parameter approximates well to a Born-Mayer-type pair potential. Therefore, by starting with a structural model determined from an atomic resolution Z-contrast image, compositional and cation valence state information obtained from electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) can be incorporated into a comprehensive model for the grain boundary For the boundary under investigation here, it is found that specific sites for preferential segregation can be identified, resulting in 0.3-0.4 monolayers of calcium in the boundary plane. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Browning, ND (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014; OI Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 366 EP 372 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 167VH UT WOS:000078654100014 ER PT J AU Lewinsohn, CA Giannuzzi, LA Bakis, CE Tressler, RE AF Lewinsohn, CA Giannuzzi, LA Bakis, CE Tressler, RE TI High-temperature creep and microstructural evolution of chemically vapor-deposited silicon carbide fibers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SELF-DIFFUSION; GRAIN-GROWTH; SIC FIBERS; POLYCRYSTALLINE; CERAMICS AB The creep behavior of three types of silicon carbide fibers that have been fabricated via chemical vapor deposition is described. The fibers exhibit only primary creep over the range of conditions studied (1200 degrees-1400 degrees C, 190-500 MPa). A transmission electron microscopy study of the microstructural development that is induced by the creep deformation of SCS-6 silicon carbide fibers at 1400 degrees C is presented. Significant grain growth occurs in all silicon carbide regions of the fiber during creep, in contrast to the reasonably stable microstructure that is observed after annealing at the same temperature and time. C1 Penn State Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 407 EP 413 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 167VH UT WOS:000078654100020 ER PT J AU Lewis, WR AF Lewis, WR TI Is acute rest scintigraphic myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with acute chest pain and nondiagnostic electrocardiograms clinically useful, or is it misleading? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Lewis, WR (reprint author), Sch Med, 4150 V St,Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 33 IS 2 BP 589 EP 589 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 176YE UT WOS:000079179200042 PM 9973045 ER PT J AU Johnson, GS Sullivan, WH Cosgrove, DM Schmidt, RD AF Johnson, GS Sullivan, WH Cosgrove, DM Schmidt, RD TI Recharge of the Snake River Plain aquifer: Transitioning from incidental to managed SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water management; water policy; water development; aquifer recharge; artificial recharge; managed recharge; groundwater hydrology AB Declining ground-water levels and spring discharges have heightened water user concerns about the sustainability of the Snake River Plain aquifer in southern Idaho. Diminished recharge from surface water irrigation and increased irrigation pumping have been depleting the aquifer at a rate of about 350,000 acre-feet/year. Previously, aquifer conditions were treated as an uncontrollable consequence of weather and development activities. With increasing competition for available water, the State appears to be progressing through a three-stage process of recharge management. The first stage is that which has occurred historically where recharge is largely an incidental effect of surface water irrigation. The second stage is the implementation of intentional recharge with little regard to identifying or maximizing benefits. Idaho has been at this stage for the past few years. The State is entering a third stage in which recharge sites will be located and designed to meet specific water user and environmental objectives. Preliminary estimates using numerical and analytical models demonstrate that managed recharge within a few miles of the river will result in short-term increases in spring discharge. More distant recharge sites are needed to provide longer-term benefits. The primary challenge facing implementation of the managed recharge program will be the balancing of economic and environmental costs and benefits and to whom they accrue. C1 Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Sample Mgmt & Risk Technol Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Idaho, Idaho Water Resources Res Inst, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. US Bur Reclamat, Isanti, MN USA. RP Johnson, GS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, 1776 Sci Ctr Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM johnson@if.uidaho.edu NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 20170-5531 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 35 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb05457.x PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 179TM UT WOS:000079345200010 ER PT J AU Baxter, SF Battaglia, VS White, RE AF Baxter, SF Battaglia, VS White, RE TI Methanol fuel cell model: Anode SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WATER; ELECTROOXIDATION; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODES; MANAGEMENT AB An isothermal, steady-state model of an anode in a direct methanol feed, polymer electrolyte fuel cell is presented. The anode is considered to be a porous electrode consisting of an electronically conducting catalyst structure that is thinly coated with an ion-selective polymer electrolyte. The pores are filled with a feed solution of 2 M methanol in water. Four species are transported in the anode: water, methanol, hydrogen ions, and carbon dioxide. All four species are allowed to transport in the x-direction through the depth of the electrode. Species movement in the pseudo y-direction is taken into account for water, methanol, and carbon dioxide by use of an effective mass-transfer coefficient. Butler-Volmer kinetics are observed for the methanol oxidation reaction. Predictions of the model have been fitted with kinetic parameters from experimental data, and a sensitivity analysis was performed to identify critical parameters affecting the anode's performance. Kinetic limitations are a dominant factor in the performance of the system. At higher currents, the polymer electrolyte's conductivity and the anode's thickness were also found to be important parameters to the prediction of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell anode's behavior in the methanol oxidation region 0.5-0.6 V vs, a reversible hydrogen electrode. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(97)12-114-0. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Baxter, SF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 117 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 146 IS 2 BP 437 EP 447 DI 10.1149/1.1391626 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 171LZ UT WOS:000078866400005 ER PT J AU Braithwaite, JW Gonzales, A Nagasubramanian, G Lucero, SJ Peebles, DE Ohlhausen, JA Cieslak, WR AF Braithwaite, JW Gonzales, A Nagasubramanian, G Lucero, SJ Peebles, DE Ohlhausen, JA Cieslak, WR TI Corrosion of lithiuim-ion battery current collectors SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The primary current-collector materials being used in lithium-ion cells are susceptible to environmental degradation: aluminum to pitting corrosion and copper to environmentally assisted cracking. Localized corrosion occurred on bare aluminum electrodes during simulated ambient-temperature cycling in an excess of electrolyte. The highly oxidizing potential associated with the positive-electrode charge condition was the primary factor. The corrosion mechanism differed from the pitting typically observed in aqueous electrolytes because each site was filled with a mixed metal/metal-oxide product, forming surface mounds or nodules. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was shown to be an effective analytical tool for characterizing the corrosion behavior of aluminum under these conditions. Eased on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, little difference existed in the composition of the surface film on aluminum and copper after immersion or cycling in LiPF6 electrolytes made with two different solvent formulations, Although Li and P were the predominant adsorbed surface species. the corrosion resistance of aluminum may simply be due to its native oxide; Finally, copper was shown to be susceptible to environmental cracking at or near the lithium potential when specific metallurgical conditions existed (work hardening and large grain size). (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(98)04-099-3. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Braithwaite, JW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 55 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 146 IS 2 BP 448 EP 456 DI 10.1149/1.1391627 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 171LZ UT WOS:000078866400006 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S McBreen, J AF Mukerjee, S McBreen, J TI An in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the effect of Sn additions to carbon-supported Pt electrocatalysts - Part I SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PLATINUM-TIN CATALYSTS; FINE-STRUCTURE; METHANOL OXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; FUEL-CELLS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; FORMIC-ACID; AD-ATOMS; ELECTROOXIDATION; ELECTRODES AB Carbon-supported platinum (Pt/C) with an adsorbed layer of underpotential deposited (upd) Sn is a much better catalyst for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) than a carbon-supported platinum-tin (PtSn/C) alloy. In situ X-ray absorption (XAS) was used to determine the differences in the effects that the two methods of Sn addition have on the electronic properties and the structural properties of the catalyst. X-ray diffraction and XAS at the Pt L-3 and L-2 edges indicate that the PtSn/C catalyst has a Pt3Sn L1(2) structure, and alloying with Sn causes partial filling of the Pt d band vacancies and an increase in the Pt-Pt bond distance from 2.77 to 2.8 Angstrom. However, upd Sn does not perturb Pt structurally or electronically XAS at the Sn K edge indicates that both the upd Sn on Pt/C and the surface Sn on PtSn/C are associated with oxygenated species at all potentials, and that the nature and strength of the Sn-O bonds are potential dependent. The differences in the activity of the two catalysts for the MOR are due to the effects of allaying on the Pt electronic structure that inhibit the ability of the Pt to adsorb methanol and dissociate C-H bonds. The ability of PtSn/C to adsorb oxygen at low potentials enhances its activity for CO oxidation. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(97)10-113-6. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 46 TC 107 Z9 109 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 146 IS 2 BP 600 EP 606 DI 10.1149/1.1391650 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 171LZ UT WOS:000078866400029 ER PT J AU Balasubramanian, M Melendres, CA Mansour, AN AF Balasubramanian, M Melendres, CA Mansour, AN TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the local structure of heavy metal ions incorporated into electrodeposited nickel oxide films SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HYDROXIDE ELECTRODES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY AB The incorporation of heavy metal ions into simulated corrosion films has bean investigated using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The films were formed by electrodeposition of the appropriate oxide (hydroxide) onto a graphite substrate. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine the structure and composition of the host oxide film, as well as the local structure of the impurity ion. Results on the incorporation of Ce and Sr into surface films of Ni(OH)(2) and NiOOH are reported. Cathodically deposited Ni(OH)(2) was found to be mainly in the alpha form while anodically prepared NiOOH showed the presence of Ni+2 and Ni+4. Cerium incorporated into Ni(OH)(2) exists as mixed Ce+3 and Ce+4 phases; a Ce+4 species was found when Ce was codeposited with NiOOH. The structure of the Ce+4 phase in anodic films appears similar to a Ce(OH)(4) standard. However, XAS, X-ray diffraction, and laser Raman measurements indicate that the latter chemical formulation is probably incorrect and that the material is really a disordered form of hydrous cerium oxide. The local structure of this material is similar to CeO2 but has much higher structural disorder. The significance of this finding on the question of the structure of Ce-based corrosion inhibitors in aluminum oxide films is pointed out. Moreover, we found it possible to form pure Ce oxide (hydroxide) films on graphite by both cathodic and anodic electrodeposition; their structures have also been elucidated. Strontium incorporated into nickel oxide films consists of Sr+2 which is coordinated to oxygen atoms and is likely to exist as small domains of coprecipitated material. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(97)12-092-4. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 146 IS 2 BP 607 EP 614 DI 10.1149/1.1391651 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 171LZ UT WOS:000078866400030 ER PT J AU Pfeifer, KB Hughes, RC Jenkins, MW Schneider, TW AF Pfeifer, KB Hughes, RC Jenkins, MW Schneider, TW TI Viologen polymer-coated impedance sensors for midrange humidity levels and other volatile organic compounds SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM ION-TRANSPORT; ELECTROLYTES AB We have demonstrated a sensor based on an interdigitated electrode platform coated with a conductive viologen polymer that has excellent moisture sensitivity, response time, and low power consumption. Work has been done to explain the limits of sensitivity and characterize the response of the sensor in low-humidity and also characterize the response of the device to various organic interferents such as alcohols and organophosphonates. Using lumped-circuit models, the nature of the response is explained and design parameters are isolated that will allow future performance improvements. In addition, the temperature dependence of moisture sensitivity is presented. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(98)01-031-3, All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Pfeifer, KB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 146 IS 2 BP 794 EP 799 DI 10.1149/1.1391683 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 171LZ UT WOS:000078866400062 ER PT J AU Shu, JY Fleck, NA AF Shu, JY Fleck, NA TI Strain gradient crystal plasticity: size-dependent deformation of bicrystals SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE grain boundaries; strengthening mechanisms; constitutive behaviour; crystal plasticity; non-local plasticity ID SOLIDS AB The role of the grain boundary in influencing the deformation of a bicrystal is explored using a rate-dependent crystal formulation of the Fleck-Hutchinson strain gradient plasticity theory. The physical basis of the theory is the elevated strengthening of a slip system due to geometrically necessary dislocations, associated with spatial gradients of slip. The theory is implemented within the finite element framework and is used to study the deformation of a bicrystal under in-plane shear loading. Contrary to classical scale-independent crystal plasticity theories, the strain gradient theory predicts that the deformation state depends strongly upon grain size. Strain gradient effects are pronounced within a narrow layer at the grain boundary of a bicrystal, and a significant grain-size dependence of the yield strength is predicted. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. RP Shu, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 131 Z9 135 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 BP 297 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S0022-5096(98)00081-7 PG 28 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 168QX UT WOS:000078704700005 ER PT J AU Freimuth, P Springer, K Berard, C Hainfeld, N Bewley, M Flanagan, J AF Freimuth, P Springer, K Berard, C Hainfeld, N Bewley, M Flanagan, J TI Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor amino-terminal immunoglobulin V-related domain binds adenovirus type 2 and fiber knob from adenovirus type 12 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED GENE-TRANSFER; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; NASAL EPITHELIUM; VIRUS RECEPTOR; SUBGROUP-C; CFTR CDNA; PROTEIN; INFECTION; SEQUENCE; VECTOR AB The extracellular region of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is predicted to consist of two immunoglobulin (Ig)-related structural domains. We expressed the isolated CAR amino-terminal domain (D1) and a CAR fragment containing both extracellular Ig domains (D1/D2) in Escherichia coli. Both D1 and D1/D2 formed complexes in vitro with the recombinant knob domain of adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) fiber, and D1 inhibited adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) infection of HeLa cells. These results indicate that the adenovirus-binding activity of CAR is localized in the amino-terminal IgV-related domain and confirm our earlier observation that Ad2 and Ad12 bind to the same cellular receptor, Preliminary crystallization studies suggest that complexes of Ad12 knob bound to D1 will be suitable For structure determination. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Freimuth, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI036251, AI36251] NR 33 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 73 IS 2 BP 1392 EP 1398 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 156TE UT WOS:000078017500059 PM 9882344 ER PT J AU Chen, W Wunderlich, B AF Chen, W Wunderlich, B TI Nanophase separation of small and large molecules SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID STATE C-13 NMR; LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYIMIDES; X = BR; MESOPHASE TRANSITIONS; ALKYLAMMONIUM SALTS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE) FIBERS; POLY(ESTER IMIDE)S; THERMOTROPIC COPOLYESTERS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AB Phase separation on a macroscopic scale is a basic phenomenon which is thermodynamically well understood. A decrease in the size of the phases to micrometer dimensions leads to microphase-separated, colloidal systems that are strongly influenced by surface properties. In this paper the logical extension of phase separation to nanometer dimensions is explored on hand of selected experiments on small and large molecules. Recently discovered macromolecules which consist of short, alternating, incompatible chain segments can be understood better when recognizing that the incompatible segments undergo nanophase separation. One or both of these phases may show positional and/or conformational disorder when close packing across the interface is not possible. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 126 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1022-1352 J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC JI Macromol. Chem. Phys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 200 IS 2 BP 283 EP 311 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3935(19990201)200:2<283::AID-MACP283>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 29 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 166ZY UT WOS:000078609100002 ER PT J AU Snead, CL Morena, J Czajkowski, CJ Skaritka, J AF Snead, CL Morena, J Czajkowski, CJ Skaritka, J TI Mechanical-property changes of polymeric and composite materials after low-temperature proton irradiation SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID EPOXIES; NEUTRON; G-10CR; GLASS AB The mechanical properties of polymeric and composite materials are known to be sensitive to ionizing radiation. Most of the existing data, however, is the result of near-room-temperature irradiations, most commonly with Co-60 gamma irradiation. For use of these materials in applications such as for magnetic fusion magnets, where operation will be at cryogenic temperatures in sometimes severe radiation fields, knowledge of the materials' radiation response to low-temperature irradiations is required. This paper reports the results of mechanical-property-change measurements made at 4.2K on a number of potential magnet materials following 200-MeV-proton irradiation at temperatures below 20K. Standard three-point bend tests were performed at 4.2K for short-beam shear determinations in the laminate materials and for shear strength in the remainder of the specimens. Specimens were warmed to room temperature for one week prior to the mechanical testing in order to emulate the expected mechanical state of the material assuming room-temperature cycling in the expected magnet applications. Data are presented in the form of yield stresses before and after irradiations with percentages of change. There were five specimens per test dose for each material. Data are presented for exposures ranging from nominally 10(7) to 10(9) rad. Results of the mechanical tests range from complete delamination and distortion of the specimens at 10(9) rad to an increase in the yield stress of 63% after 10(9) rad. The latter specimen did, however, evidence significant embrittlement. The phenomenon of irradiation-induced strengthening due to enhanced cross linking in undercured polymers was observed in some cases. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1999. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ace Inc, Stuart, FL 34996 USA. RP Snead, CL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD FEB-MAR PY 1999 VL 42 IS 2-3 BP 73 EP 91 DI 10.1016/S1044-5803(98)00046-1 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 187QY UT WOS:000079799300003 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Baker, I George, EP AF Yang, Y Baker, I George, EP TI Effect of vacancies on the tensile properties of Fe-40Al single crystals in air and vacuum SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE DUCTILITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FE-AL; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; IRON ALUMINIDES; FRACTURE; HARDNESS; ALLOYS AB Tensile tests in both air and vacuum have been performed on Fe-40Al single crystals containing two different vacancy concentrations. It is shown that the room temperature fracture strengths are significantly increased but the elongations are decreased in both test environments at high vacancy concentration. The fracture mechanisms are controlled by the vacancy concentration, with vacancies promoting the fracture along the slip planes. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1999. All rights reserved. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD FEB-MAR PY 1999 VL 42 IS 2-3 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S1044-5803(98)00049-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 187QY UT WOS:000079799300010 ER PT J AU Sugama, T AF Sugama, T TI CVD-titanium carbonitride coatings as corrosion-preventing barriers for steel in acid-brine steam at 200 degrees C SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE titanium carbonitride coating; acid-brine; chemical vapor deposition ID XPS AB Titanium carbonitride [(Ti(CN)] coating was deposited onto steel surfaces by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology at a moderate temperature; then, its effectiveness in preventing the corrosion of steel was evaluated in an acid-brine geothermal environment at 200 degrees C under a hydrothermal pressure of 1.45 MPa. Two undesirable attributes caused its failure as a corrosion-preventing coating: one factor was the susceptibility of Ti(CN) to oxidation reactions with aqueous steam, leading to the formation of TiO2 scale. Furthermore, this TiO2 scale then was transformed into water-soluble TiCl4 salt by the attack of acid brine, thereby resulting in its dissolution in the aqueous medium. The corrosion of Ti(CN) in such an environment took place through the precesses of oxidation --> chlorination --> dissolution. The other factor was the inherent defects and pores in the coating layers, allowing the corrosive species to infiltrate easily. In fact, corrosion products from the underlying steel were observed at several different locations in the coating's surfaces. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 227 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0167-577X(98)00163-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 164BG UT WOS:000078441600012 ER PT J AU Pfaendtner, JA Muthiah, RC Liu, CT McMahon, CJ AF Pfaendtner, JA Muthiah, RC Liu, CT McMahon, CJ TI Time-dependent interfacial failure in metallic alloys SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DOE Panel on Time-Dependent Interfacial Decohesion CY JUN 24-27, 1997 CL GREAT OAKS LANDING, MARYLAND DE crack-growth; oxygen; metallic alloys; time-dependent intergranular brittle fracture ID STRESS RELIEF CRACKING; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; INTERGRANULAR FRACTURE; ORDERED INTERMETALLICS; DYNAMIC EMBRITTLEMENT; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; WATER-VAPOR; NI3AL; BORON; TEMPERATURE AB Time-dependent intergranular brittle fracture has now been studied experimentally in a number of alloy systems, and the generic features are becoming clear. Mobile surface-adsorbed elements are caused to diffuse inward along grain boundaries under the influence of a tensile stress, and this can lead to sub-critical crack growth by decohesion. Oxygen is found to play this role in nickel-base superalloys and intermetallics, as well as in a precipitation-strengthened Cu-Be alloy. Crack-growth rates lie in the range 10(-7)-10(-4) m sec(-1). The same kind of cracking is found in steels treated so that free sulfur is able to segregate to the surface, as well as in Cu-Sn alloys, in which the embrittling element is surface-segregated Sn. The latter has been studied in bicrystals, and the importance of the variation in diffusivity with grain boundary structure has been documented. Hydrogen-induced cracking is a special case of an extremely mobile embrittling element and is responsible for much of the brittleness found in intermetallics. The effect of boron in retarding brittle behavior in Ni3Al has been shown to result partly from its interaction with hydrogen. This is a prime example of how segregated solutes can be used to ameliorate the tendency for diffusion-controlled brittle fracture. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP McMahon, CJ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3231 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 260 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00977-0 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 168HJ UT WOS:000078685900002 ER PT J AU Takasugi, T Kumar, KS Liu, CT Lee, EH AF Takasugi, T Kumar, KS Liu, CT Lee, EH TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of two-phase Cr-Cr2Nb, Cr-Cr2Zr and Cr-Cr-2(Nb,Zr) alloys SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DOE Panel on Time-Dependent Interfacial Decohesion CY JUN 24-27, 1997 CL GREAT OAKS LANDING, MARYLAND DE Cr-Cr2Nb alloy; Cr-Cr2Zr alloy; Cr-Cr-2(Nb,Zr) alloy; microstructure; mechanical properties; Laves phase; alloy design ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOSITES; NB-CR2NB AB The microstructures and mechanical properties of binary and ternary Cr-based alloys containing Nb, Zr, or both Nb and Zr, have been studied in both the as-cast and annealed conditions. The level of alloying in each instance was targeted to lie below, or approximately at, the maximum solubility in chromium. The as-cast microstructures of these alloys consisted of Cr-rich solid solution surrounded by small amounts of interdendritic Cr-Cr2X eutectic structure. Annealing at 1473 K resulted in solid-state precipitation of the Cr2X Laves phase in the Cr-Nb and Cr-Nb-Zr alloys, but not in the Cr-Zr alloys. The binary Cr2Nb phase consisted of an extensively twinned ({111} <112> twins) C15 structure whereas the presence of Zr modifies its appearance substantially; the twinned C15 structure persists. Oxides were occasionally present and their compositions were qualitatively determined. Vickers hardness primarily depended upon the volume fraction of the Cr2X Laves phase present. Age hardening due to solid-state precipitation of Cr2X Laves phase within the Cr-rich matrix was observed in the Nb-containing alloys. The room temperature bend strength of the alloys was strongly affected by the presence of grain-boundary Cr2X phase. It is considered that porosity as well as oxides in the alloys also lowers their bend strength. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Takasugi, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Katahira 2-1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 19 TC 32 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 260 IS 1-2 BP 108 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00981-2 PG 16 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 168HJ UT WOS:000078685900012 ER PT J AU Hyman, JM Li, J Stanley, EA AF Hyman, JM Li, J Stanley, EA TI The differential infectivity and staged progression models for the transmission of HIV SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE differential infectivity; staged progression; reproductive number; endemic equilibrium; stability; sensitivity ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TO-FEMALE TRANSMISSION; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; VIRAL LOAD; AIDS; COUPLES; PEOPLE AB Recent studies of HIV RNA in infected individuals show that viral levels vary widely between individuals and within the same individual over time. Individuals with higher viral loads during the chronic phase tend to develop AIDS more rapidly. If RNA levels are correlated with infectiousness, these variations explain puzzling results from HIV transmission studies and suggest that a small subset of infected people may be responsible for a disproportionate number of infections. We use two simple models to study the impact of variations in infectiousness. In the first model, we account for different levels of virus between individuals during the chronic phase of infection, and the increase in the average time from infection to AIDS that goes along with a decreased viral load, The second model follows the more standard hypothesis that infected individuals progress through a series of infection stages, with the infectiousness of a person depending upon his current disease stage. We derive and compare threshold conditions for the two models and find explicit formulas of their endemic equilibria. We show that formulas for both models can be put into a standard form, which allows for a clear interpretation. We define the relative impact of each group as the fraction of infections being caused by that group.We use these formulas and numerical simulations to examine the relative importance of different stages of infection and different chronic levels of virus to the spreading of the disease. The acute stage and the most infectious group both appear to have a disproportionate effect, especially on the early epidemic. Contact tracing to identify super-spreaders and alertness to the symptoms of acute HIV infection may both be needed to contain this epidemic. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Math Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Math Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. NR 47 TC 146 Z9 175 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0025-5564 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 155 IS 2 BP 77 EP 109 DI 10.1016/S0025-5564(98)10057-3 PG 33 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 168UZ UT WOS:000078712700001 PM 10067074 ER PT J AU Wright, S Jarre, F AF Wright, S Jarre, F TI The role of linear objective functions in barrier methods SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article DE logarithmic barrier function; Newton's method; superlinear convergence AB We consider the asymptotic behavior of the Newton/log barrier method for inequality constrained optimization. We show that, when the objective function is linear, an effective step can be taken along the Newton direction after each reduction in the barrier parameter, leading to efficient performance during the final stages of the algorithm. This behavior contrasts with the case of a nonlinear objective, where Newton's method often performs more and more poorly as the barrier parameter is reduced to zero. We analyze the behavior and demonstrate our result on a simple example. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Angew Math & Stat, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. RP Wright, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-5610 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 84 IS 2 BP 357 EP 373 DI 10.1007/s101070050026 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 221AR UT WOS:000081702500007 ER PT J AU Akhtar, A Salvi, R Sikka, VK AF Akhtar, A Salvi, R Sikka, VK TI Cavitation erosion of NiAl SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; AL ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR AB Vibratory cavitation erosion tests were carried out on as-cast NiAl intermetallic compounds containing 46.5 to 62.1 at, pet Ni. The erosion rate decreased with increasing nickel content by over two orders of magnitude, from a high of 16.4 to 0.11 mg.h(-1). These low erosion rates exhibited by the nickel-rich alloys containing 58 and 62 at. pet Ni, the interruptions in their mass loss with time, and the unusual effects associated with surface finish and intensity of cavitation were found to be associated with the stress-induced martensitic transformation. Alloys containing 58 to 62 at, pet Ni have the potential for use as materials for the cavitation protection of hydraulic machinery. C1 Powertech Labs Inc, Mat Engn, Surrey, BC V3W 7R7, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Soligen Technol Inc, Northridge, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Mat Proc Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Akhtar, A (reprint author), Powertech Labs Inc, Mat Engn, Surrey, BC V3W 7R7, Canada. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 30 IS 2 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s11661-999-0322-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162FX UT WOS:000078336200010 ER PT J AU Dykhuizen, RC Robino, CV Knorovsky, GA AF Dykhuizen, RC Robino, CV Knorovsky, GA TI A method for extracting phase change kinetics from dilatation for multistep transformations: Austenitization of a low carbon steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FE-C STEELS; FERRITE/CEMENTITE MIXTURES; REAUSTENITIZATION; MODEL AB This article describes the development of a method for determining phase change kinetics for multistep diffusion limited solid-state transformations from dilatation data. Since each step in a multistep reaction proceeds at a different rate, and the volume changes for the transformations are, in general, not equal, determination of the reaction kinetics from the dilatation data is not straightforward. Thus, a model is developed for the phase change process in which the transient dilatation is calculated based on the fractional extent of the various phases present. In this way, kinetic parameters are determined that allow the best match to the experimental data. However, both random and systematic experimental errors make reproduction of the experimental dilatation difficult. Therefore, a self-calibration process is developed that uses portions of the dilatation data to obtain the density variation of the various phases with temperature to help correct for experimental uncertainties. This procedure also enables the model to be used in situations where accurate property data are not available. The model and procedures are applied to the formation of austenite in a pearlite/ferrite low carbon steel where the pearlite and ferrite regions transform at different rates. A single kinetic parameter set allows reproduction of transformation transients of significantly different heating rates. These parameters can then be used to describe the austenitization for any time-temperature path. Excellent agreement between the model and experimental data is shown. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Sci Dept, Tech Staff, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Joining Dept, Tech Staff, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dykhuizen, RC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Sci Dept, Tech Staff, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 30 IS 1 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1007/s11663-999-0011-z PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162UY UT WOS:000078366400011 ER PT J AU Lochter, A Navre, M Werb, Z Bissell, MJ AF Lochter, A Navre, M Werb, Z Bissell, MJ TI alpha 1 and alpha 2 integrins mediate invasive activity of mouse mammary carcinoma cells through regulation of stromelysin-1 expression SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GENE-EXPRESSION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ALPHA-3-BETA-1 INTEGRIN; MALIGNANT PHENOTYPE; TUMOR PROGRESSION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MIGRATION SPEED; GLIOMA-CELLS; I COLLAGEN AB Tumor cell invasion relies on cell migration and extracellular matrix proteolysis. We investigated the contribution of different integrins to the invasive activity of mouse mammary carcinoma cells. Antibodies against integrin subunits alpha 6 and beta 1, but not against alpha 1 and alpha 2, inhibited cell locomotion on a reconstituted basement membrane in two-dimensional cell migration assays, whereas antibodies against beta 1, but not against a6 or alpha 2, interfered with cell adhesion to basement membrane constituents. Blocking antibodies against alpha 1 integrins impaired only cell adhesion to type ni collagen. Antibodies against alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 6, and beta 1, but not alpha 5, integrin subunits reduced invasion of a reconstituted basement membrane. Integrins alpha 1 and alpha 2, which contributed only marginally to motility and adhesion, regulated proteinase production. Antibodies against alpha 1 and alpha 2, but not alpha 6 and beta 1, integrin subunits inhibited both transcription and protein expression of the matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-l. Inhibition of tumor cell invasion by antibodies against alpha 1 and alpha 2 was reversed by addition of recombinant stromelysin-l. In contrast, stromelysin-l could not rescue invasion inhibited by anti-alpha 6 antibodies. Our data indicate that alpha 1 and alpha 2 integrins confer invasive behavior by regulating stromelysin-1 expression, whereas alpha 6 integrins regulate cell motility. These results provide new insights into the specific functions of integrins during tumor cell invasion. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Affymax Res Inst, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-57621, R01 CA057621] NR 64 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA PUBL OFFICE, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD FEB PY 1999 VL 10 IS 2 BP 271 EP 282 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 182AE UT WOS:000079475700003 PM 9950676 ER PT J AU Jacobson, LA AF Jacobson, LA TI Beryllium, the final frontier: A letter to my grandson SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Met Grp, Tech Staff, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jacobson, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Met Grp, Tech Staff, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2 BP 4 EP 6 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 168HE UT WOS:000078685500001 ER PT J AU Kung, H Foecke, T AF Kung, H Foecke, T TI Mechanical behavior of nanostructured materials SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kung, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 168HE UT WOS:000078685500014 ER PT J AU Draptchinskaia, N Gustavsson, P Andersson, B Pettersson, M Willig, TN Dianzani, I Ball, S Tchernia, G Klar, J Matsson, H Tentler, D Mohandas, N Carlsson, B Dahl, N AF Draptchinskaia, N Gustavsson, P Andersson, B Pettersson, M Willig, TN Dianzani, I Ball, S Tchernia, G Klar, J Matsson, H Tentler, D Mohandas, N Carlsson, B Dahl, N TI The gene encoding ribosomal protein S19 is mutated in Diamond-Blackfan anaemia SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNAS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; TURNER SYNDROME; DNA-SEQUENCE; ANEMIA; CHROMOSOME; EXPRESSION; GROWTH AB Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a constitutional erythroblastopenia characterized by absent or decreased erythroid precursors. The disease, previously mapped to human chromosome 19q13, is frequently associated with a variety of malformation. To identify the gene involved in DBA, we cloned the chromosome 19q13 breakpoint in a patient with a reciprocal X; 19 chromosome translocation. The breakpoint occurred in the gene encoding ribosomal protein S19. Furthermore, we identified mutations in RPS19 in 10 of 40 unrelated DMA patients, including nonsense, frameshift, splice site and missense mutations, as well as two intragenic deletions. These mutations are associated with clinical features that suggest a function for RPS19 in erythropoiesis and embryogenesis. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Genet & Pathol, Clin Genet Unit, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Genet & Pathol, Unit Med Genet, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Genet & Pathol, Unit Pathol, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hop Bicetre, AP HP, Dept Hematol, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Fac Med Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Univ Turin, Dept Pediat, I-10126 Turin, Italy. Univ London St Georges Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Haematol, London SW17 0RE, England. RP Uppsala Univ, Dept Genet & Pathol, Clin Genet Unit, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. EM niklas.dahl@klingen.uu.se RI Andersson, Bjorn/G-9832-2013 OI Andersson, Bjorn/0000-0002-4624-0259 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 32094, DK 26263]; Telethon [E.0619] NR 43 TC 459 Z9 468 U1 3 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 163MH UT WOS:000078399500017 PM 9988267 ER PT J AU Marra, M Hillier, L Kucaba, T Allen, M Barstead, R Beck, C Blistain, A Bonaldo, M Bowers, Y Bowles, L Cardenas, M Chamberlain, A Chappell, J Clifton, S Favello, A Geisel, S Gibbons, M Harvey, N Hill, F Jackson, Y Kohn, S Lennon, G Mardis, E Martin, J Mila, L McCann, R Morales, R Pape, D Person, B Prange, C Ritter, E Soares, M Schurk, R Shin, T Steptoe, M Swaller, T Theising, B Underwood, K Wylie, T Yount, T Wilson, R Waterston, R AF Marra, M Hillier, L Kucaba, T Allen, M Barstead, R Beck, C Blistain, A Bonaldo, M Bowers, Y Bowles, L Cardenas, M Chamberlain, A Chappell, J Clifton, S Favello, A Geisel, S Gibbons, M Harvey, N Hill, F Jackson, Y Kohn, S Lennon, G Mardis, E Martin, J Mila, L McCann, R Morales, R Pape, D Person, B Prange, C Ritter, E Soares, M Schurk, R Shin, T Steptoe, M Swaller, T Theising, B Underwood, K Wylie, T Yount, T Wilson, R Waterston, R TI An encyclopedia of mouse genes SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; HUMAN GENOME; CDNA LIBRARY; MUTAGENESIS; DISCOVERY; FAMILIES; RICE; MAP AB The laboratory mouse is the premier model system for studies of mammalian development due to the powerful classical genetic analysis(1) possible (see also the Jackson Laboratory web site, http://www.jax.org/) and the ever-expanding collection of molecular tools(2,3). To enhance the utility of the mouse system, we initiated a program to generate a large database of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that can provide rapid access to genes(4-16). Of particular significance was the possibility that cDNA libraries could be prepared from very early stages of development, a situation unrealized in human EST projects(7,12). We report here the development of a comprehensive database of ESTs for the mouse. The project, initiated in March 1996, has focused on 5' end sequences from directionally cloned, oligo-dT primed cDNA libraries. As of 23 October 1998, 352,040 sequences had been generated, annotated and deposited in dbEST, where they comprised 93% of the total ESTs available for mouse. EST data are versatile and have been applied to gene identification(17), comparative sequence analysis(18,19), comparative gene mapping and candidate disease gene identification(20), genome sequence annotation(21,22), microarray development(23) and the development of gene-based map resources(24). C1 Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Program Mol & Cell Biol, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IMAGE Consortium, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Genelogic Inc, Genom, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. RP Marra, M (reprint author), Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, 4444 Forest Pk Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. RI Marra, Marco/B-5987-2008 NR 30 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.1038/5976 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 163MH UT WOS:000078399500021 PM 9988271 ER PT J AU Beiu, V Draghici, S De Pauw, T AF Beiu, V Draghici, S De Pauw, T TI A constructive approach to calculating lower entropy bounds SO NEURAL PROCESSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE classification problems; complexity; n-dimensional volumes; number of bits; limited and integer weights; constructive algorithms ID NUMBER AB This paper presents a constructive approach to estimating the size of a neural network necessary to solve a given classification problem. The results are derived using an information entropy approach in the context of limited precision integer weights. Such weights are particularly suited for hardware implementations since the area they occupy is limited, and the computations performed with them can be efficiently implemented in hardware. The considerations presented use an information entropy perspective and calculate lower bounds on the number of bits needed in order to solve a given classification problem. These bounds are obtained by approximating the classification hypervolumes with the volumes of several regular (i.e., highly symmetric) n-dimensional bodies. The bounds given here allow the user to choose the appropriate size of a neural network such that: (i) the given classification problem can be solved, and (ii) the network architecture is not oversized. All considerations presented take into account the restrictive case of limited precision integer weights, and therefore can be directly applied when designing VLSI implementations of neural networks. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div NIS 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Vis & Neural Networks Lab, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Catholique Louvain, Dept Math, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. RI Draghici, Sorin/B-3074-2013; Beiu, Valeriu/F-7799-2015 OI Draghici, Sorin/0000-0002-0786-8377; Beiu, Valeriu/0000-0001-8185-956X NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1370-4621 J9 NEURAL PROCESS LETT JI Neural Process. Lett. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1023/A:1018659009494 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 170MJ UT WOS:000078809200001 ER PT J AU Blanchat, TK Malliakos, A AF Blanchat, TK Malliakos, A TI Analysis of hydrogen depletion using a scaled passive autocatalytic recombiner SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB Hydrogen depletion tests of a scaled passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) were performed in the Surtsey test vessel Germany) at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The experiments were used to determine the hydrogen depletion rate of a PAR in the presence of steam and also to evaluate the effect of scale (number of cartridges) on the PAR performance at both low and high hydrogen concentrations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Washington, DC 20555 USA. RP Blanchat, TK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 187 IS 2 BP 229 EP 239 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 180NE UT WOS:000079391400007 ER PT J AU Hamilton, MA Rogers, RD Nelson, LO Holmes, RG Milner, TN AF Hamilton, MA Rogers, RD Nelson, LO Holmes, RG Milner, TN TI Biodecontamination: microbially cleaning massive concrete structures SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hamilton, MA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION LTD PI SUTTON PA QUADRANT HOUSE THE QUADRANT, SUTTON, SURREY, ENGLAND SM2 5AS SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 44 IS 535 BP 18 EP 19 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 171FB UT WOS:000078850900003 ER PT J AU Jassby, DL Strachan, JD Bell, MG Budny, RV Grisham, LR Hill, KW Johnson, LC Zweben, SJ Loughlin, MJ AF Jassby, DL Strachan, JD Bell, MG Budny, RV Grisham, LR Hill, KW Johnson, LC Zweben, SJ Loughlin, MJ TI TFTR experiments with 2% tritium beam fuelling SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; NEUTRON DETECTORS; ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION; CROSS CALIBRATION; DEUTERIUM; PLASMAS; OPERATION; EMISSION; TOKAMAK; COUNTERS AB Tritium has been injected into TFTR supershots using a gas feed containing 2% tritium and 98% deuterium in one or more neutral beam sources. A total of 38 beam-injected tritium shots required about 400 Ci of tritium, of which less than 5% actually entered the plasma. The ratio of D-T to DD neutron rates varied from about 0.5 to 4.5, A peak neutron rate of 7.7 x 10(16) D-T n/s together with 1.7x 10(16) D-D n/s was attained with eight 2% tritium beams delivering 18.7 MW. The measured DT neutron rates are extrapolated to fusion powers in 50:50 DT operation with similar plasma parameters. The experiments have also provided data for the D-T calibration of neutron and lost alpha particle detectors and for optimizing tritium beam injection. With the aid of a multichannel neutron collimator, these experiments have enabled the comparison of radial profiles of D-T neutron production and global neutron output with the predictions of simulation codes. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Jassby, DL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD FEB PY 1999 VL 39 IS 2 BP 189 EP 208 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/39/2/305 PG 20 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 192TQ UT WOS:000080095800005 ER PT J AU Hill, JC Huang, HZ Barish, KN Coe, SD Cormier, TM Ewell, LA Davies, RR Fachini, P Finch, LE Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Kim, B Lajoie, JG Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Petridis, AN Porile, NT Peterson, CA Pruneau, CA Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Skank, HD Sleege, GA Smith, G Srivastava, B Tincknell, ML Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z AF Hill, JC Huang, HZ Barish, KN Coe, SD Cormier, TM Ewell, LA Davies, RR Fachini, P Finch, LE Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Kim, B Lajoie, JG Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Petridis, AN Porile, NT Peterson, CA Pruneau, CA Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Skank, HD Sleege, GA Smith, G Srivastava, B Tincknell, ML Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z TI A high mass trigger for the E864 experiment at the AGS accelerator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE trigger; calorimeter; data acquisition ID ANTIPROTON PRODUCTION; QUARK MATTER; COLLISIONS AB The E864 experiment at the AGS is designed to carry out high sensitivity searches for a variety of possible new particles using relativistic heavy ion Au beams on Pb and Pt targets. In order to reach the desired sensitivities, a leveI-2 "late energy" trigger was built to select events in which a heavy particle is detected in a hadronic calorimeter with deposited energy and time-of-flight from the target exceeding preset values. The physics motivation for the trigger is discussed and and details of its hardware and software design are given. Performance results from recent E864 data taking runs are presented. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hill, JC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 3 BP 431 EP 446 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01223-6 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 161JP UT WOS:000078285700006 ER PT J AU McGrath, CA Garrett, PE Villani, MF Yates, SW AF McGrath, CA Garrett, PE Villani, MF Yates, SW TI Gamma-gamma coincidence measurements following inelastic neutron scattering SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID ER-168 AB Gamma-gamma coincidences following the inelastic scattering of accelerator-produced monoenergetic neutrons have been experimentally observed. A coincidence system consisting of a neutron collimator and three HPGe gamma-ray detectors, is shown to provide important information on the isotopic identification and placement of gamma rays. The development and use of the system is described, and initial results are presented. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP McGrath, CA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 88,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 8 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 3 BP 458 EP 463 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01170-X PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 161JP UT WOS:000078285700008 ER PT J AU Datte, P Beuville, E Millaud, J Xuong, NH AF Datte, P Beuville, E Millaud, J Xuong, NH TI A digital pixel address generator for pixel array detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE crystallography; pixel detector; Si; area detector ID PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB An 8 x 8 analog pixel array detector prototype has been constructed for characterizing a larger 50 x 50 digital pixel array detector (DPAD) that will be used for protein crystallography. Each detector readout element in the array consists of a preamplifier and shaper, with adjustable reset and shaping times. The readout array is bump-bonded to a Si pixel array detector and provides 64 independent analog output channels for data processing. This paper describes the digital processing electronics which is used for mapping the prototype pixel detector characteristics. The event driven digital encoding circuitry processes each photon hit by grouping each pixel into a column of 8 pixels and then grouping each column into an array of 8 columns forming an 8 x 8 pixel array. The logic is inexpensive and easy to implement. Results from these measurements were used as an aid in the design of the DPAD detector and DPAD ASIC. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Datte, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 3 BP 492 EP 501 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01222-4 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 161JP UT WOS:000078285700011 ER PT J AU Manfredi, PF Leona, A Mandelli, E Re, V Speziali, V AF Manfredi, PF Leona, A Mandelli, E Re, V Speziali, V TI Design hints for best noise and signal behaviour in DMILL amplifiers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID TECHNOLOGY; ELECTRONICS AB As a result of a research and development activity on monolithic low noise structures based on the DMILL process, some basic design criteria have been drawn. These criteria are presented in this paper to show how they can lead to preamplifiers of outstanding noise characteristics that suit applications ranging from calorimetry to tracking and radiation spectrometry. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Speziali, V (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. OI Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 3 BP 552 EP 557 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01139-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 161JP UT WOS:000078285700017 ER PT J AU Datte, P Birkbeck, A Beuville, E Endres, N Druillole, F Luo, L Millaud, J Xuong, NH AF Datte, P Birkbeck, A Beuville, E Endres, N Druillole, F Luo, L Millaud, J Xuong, NH TI Status of the digital pixel array detector for protein crystallography SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE crystallography; pixel detector; area detector; image sensor; Si detector AB A two-dimensional photon counting digital pixel array detector is being designed for static and time resolved protein crystallography. The room temperature detector will significantly enhance monochromatic and polychromatic protein crystallographic through-put data rates by more than three orders of magnitude. The detector has an almost infinite photon counting dynamic range and exhibits superior spatial resolution when compared to present crystallographic phosphor imaging plates or phosphor coupled CCD detectors. The detector is a high resistivity N-type Si with a pixel pitch of 150 x 150 mu m, and a thickness of 300 mu m, and is bump bonded to an application specific integrated circuit. The event driven readout of the detector is based on the column architecture and allows an independent pixel hit rate above 1 million photons/s/pixel. The device provides energy discrimination and sparse data readout which yields minimal dead-time. This type of architecture allows a continuous (frameless) data acquisition, a feature not found in any current detector being used for protein crystallographic applications. For the targeted detector size of 1000 x 1000 pixels, average hit rates greater than 8 billion photons/s for the complete detector appears achievable. This paper will present a review of the 8 x 8 detector array pixel performance which includes the analog amplifier response and the photon counting capabilities. In addition, operational results of a 16 x 16 detector array prototype, that includes both the analog amplifier and digital readout circuitry functioning together on one integrated circuit. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Datte, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, MS0317,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 9 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 3 BP 576 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01140-1 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 161JP UT WOS:000078285700020 ER PT J AU Carter, HK Kormicki, J Stracener, DW Breitenbach, JB Guber, KH Blackmon, JC Smith, MS Bardayan, DW AF Carter, HK Kormicki, J Stracener, DW Breitenbach, JB Guber, KH Blackmon, JC Smith, MS Bardayan, DW TI First-on-line results for As and F beams from HRIBF target/ion sources (vol 126, pg 166, 1997) SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Correction C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Carter, HK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1999 VL 149 IS 3 BP 368 EP 368 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 166WM UT WOS:000078600900016 ER PT J AU Telang, FW Ding, YS Volkow, ND Molina, PE Gatley, SJ AF Telang, FW Ding, YS Volkow, ND Molina, PE Gatley, SJ TI Untitled SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. N Shore Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA. RP Telang, FW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 249 EP 250 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 167MB UT WOS:000078636100014 PM 10100227 ER PT J AU Bellini, V Capogni, M Caracappa, A Casano, L D' Angelo, A Ghio, F Girolami, B Hoblit, S Hu, L Khandaker, M Kistner, OC Miceli, L Moricciani, D Sandorfi, AM Schaerf, C Sperduto, ML Thorn, CE AF Bellini, V Capogni, M Caracappa, A Casano, L D' Angelo, A Ghio, F Girolami, B Hoblit, S Hu, L Khandaker, M Kistner, OC Miceli, L Moricciani, D Sandorfi, AM Schaerf, C Sperduto, ML Thorn, CE TI Coherent pi(0) photo-production on He-4 at intermediate energies with polarized photons SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE He-4((gamma)over-bar,pi(0))He-4, E-gamma = 206-322 MeV; results for the unpolarized cross sections provide a useful test of the Delta-hole model theory; measured photon beam asymmetry is -1 as expected for this reaction ID PHOTOPRODUCTION; SCATTERING AB The reaction He-4(<(gamma)over right arrow>,pi(0))He-4 has been studied with the LEGS tagged, polarized gamma-ray beam, Data are presented at laboratory angles of 31 degrees, 45 degrees, 72.5 degrees, 90 degrees, 110 degrees and 130 degrees for incoming photon energies of 206, 219, 232, 245, 259, 274, 289, 306 and 322 MeV. The unpolarized cross sections are compared with the Delta-hole theoretical model results available in literature. The measured photon beam asymmetry is -1 as expected from conservation of angular momentum and parity. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Catania, Dept Phys, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, LNS, I-95125 Catania, Italy. INFN Roma 2, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Phys, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, ISS, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Bellini, V (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dept Phys, Corso Italia 57, I-95129 Catania, Italy. RI D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012; moricciani, dario/C-5002-2014; GHIO, FRANCESCO/F-2092-2015; Sperduto, Maria Leda/K-2310-2015; BELLINI, Vincenzo/B-1239-2012 OI D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907; moricciani, dario/0000-0002-1737-8857; Sperduto, Maria Leda/0000-0003-0290-7397; BELLINI, Vincenzo/0000-0001-6906-7463 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 646 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00628-9 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166HP UT WOS:000078570400004 ER PT J AU Carew, JF Zamonsky, G AF Carew, JF Zamonsky, G TI Uniform positive-weight quadratures for discrete ordinate transport calculations SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Mechanical quadratures that allow systematic improvement and solution convergence are derived for application of the discrete ordinates method to the Boltzmann transport equation. The quadrature directions are arranged on n latitudinal levels, are uniformly distributed over the unit sphere, and have positive weights. Both a uniform and equal-weight quadrature set UEn and a uniform and Gauss-weight quadrature set UG(n) are derived. These quadratures have the advantage over the standard level-symmetric LQ(n) quadrature sets in that the weights are positive for all orders, and the solution may be systematically converged by increasing the order of the quadrature set. As the order of the quadrature is increased the points approach a uniform continuous distribution on the unit sphere and the quadrature is invariant with respect to spatial rotations. The numerical integrals converge for continuous functions as the order of the quadrature is increased. Numerical calculations were performed to evaluate the application of the UEn quadrature set. Comparisons of the exact moments and those calculated using the UEn quadrature set demonstrate that the moment integrals are performed accurately except for distributions that are very sharply peaked along the direction of the polar axis. A series of DORT transport calculations of the >1-MeV neutron flux for a typical reactor core/pressure vessel geometry were also carried out. These calculations employed the UEn (n = 6, 10, 12, 18, and 24) quadratures and indicate that the UEn solutions have converged to within similar to 0.5%. The UE24 solutions were also found to be more accurate than the calculations performed with the S-16 level-symmetric quadratures. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Safety & Risk Evaluat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carew, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Safety & Risk Evaluat Div, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 131 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 158WA UT WOS:000078139400004 ER PT J AU Parish, TA Charlton, WS Shinohara, N Andoh, M Brady, MC Raman, S AF Parish, TA Charlton, WS Shinohara, N Andoh, M Brady, MC Raman, S TI Status of six-group delayed neutron data and relationships between delayed neutron parameters from the macroscopic and microscopic approaches SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Work performed in part for an American Nuclear Society Standards Committee Subgroup (ANS 19.9) to assess the status of delayed neutron data is summarized. Recent measurements of delayed neutron emission conducted at Texas A&M University are also described. During the last 10 yr there have been advances in nuclear data libraries (e.g., improved fission product yields) that make it possible to quantitatively predict delayed neutron emission from basic data. The six-group delayed neutron darn available in the literature from both macroscopic level experiments and microscopic level calculations for several actinide isotopes are compared. Results are also presented from recent Experimental measurements of delayed neutron emission and delineates some of the relationships between these measurements and microscopic level predictions. For example, from the experimental measurements, Keepin's delayed neutron group I is shown to correspond mainly to a single isotope, Br-87 as expected from microscopic level theory, and Keepin's group 2 is shown to correspond to primarily two separate isotopes, I-137 and Br-88. In the future, it may be useful to use properties of specific isotopes to replace Keepin's delayed neutron groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 for prescribing delayed neutron data for actinides. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. Duke Engn & Serv Inc, Charlotte, NC 28201 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Parish, TA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 131 IS 2 BP 208 EP 221 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 158WA UT WOS:000078139400005 ER PT J AU Leal, LC Derrien, H Larson, NM Wright, RQ AF Leal, LC Derrien, H Larson, NM Wright, RQ TI R-Matrix analysis of U-235 neutron transmission and cross-section measurements in the 0- to 2.25-keV energy range SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PU-239; RESONANCE AB A new R-matrix analysis of the U-235 cross-section data in the 0- to 2250-eV energy region is presented. The analysis was performed with the SAMMY computer code that has recently been updated to permit, for the first time, inclusion of bath differential and integral data within the analysis process. Fourteen differential data sets and six integral quantities were used in this evaluation: two measurements of fission plus capture, one of fission plus absorption, six of fission alone, two of transmission, and one of eta, plus standard values of thermal cross sections for fission and capture, and of KI and the Westcott g factors for both fission and absorption. An excellent representation was obtained for the high-resolution transmission, fission, and capture cross-section data as well for the integral quantities. The result is a single set of resonance parameters spanning the entire range up to 2250 eV, a decided improvement over the present ENDF/B-VI evaluation, in which II discrete resonance parameter sets are required to cover that same energy range. This new evaluation is expected to greatly improve predictability of the criticality safety margins for nuclear systems in which U-235 is present. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, Radiat Informat Anal Sect, Nucl Data Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Leal, LC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, Radiat Informat Anal Sect, Nucl Data Grp, Bldg 6011,MS 6370,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM leallc@ornl.gov NR 66 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 131 IS 2 BP 230 EP 253 PG 24 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 158WA UT WOS:000078139400007 ER PT J AU Larson, NM Leal, LC Derrien, H AF Larson, NM Leal, LC Derrien, H TI Integral data analysis for resonance parameter determination SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Neutron time-of-flight experiments have long been used to determine resonance parameters. Those resonance parameters have then been used in calculations of integral quantities such as Maxwellian averages or resonance integrals, and results of those calculations in turn have been used as a criterion for acceptability of the resonance analysis. However, the calculations were inadequate because covariances on the parameter values were not included in the calculations. An effort to correct for that deficiency is documented: The R-matrix analysis code SAMMY has been modified to include integral quantities of importance, directly within the resonance parameter analysis, to determine the best fit to both differential (microscopic) and integral (macroscopic) data simultaneously. This modification was implemented because it is expected to have an impact on the intermediate Energy range that is important for criticality safety applications. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, Radiat Informat Anal Sect, Nucl Data Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Larson, NM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, Radiat Informat Anal Sect, Nucl Data Grp, Bldg 6011,MS 6370,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 131 IS 2 BP 254 EP 266 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 158WA UT WOS:000078139400008 ER PT J AU Barnes, MD Kung, CY Lermer, N Fukui, K Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Otaigbe, JU AF Barnes, MD Kung, CY Lermer, N Fukui, K Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Otaigbe, JU TI Homogeneous polymer blend microparticles with a tunable refractive index SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; PRECISION; FILMS AB We show that homogeneous polymer blend microparticles can be prepared in situ from droplets of dilute solution of codissolved polymers. Provided that the droplet of solution is small enough (<10 mu m), solvent evaporation is rapid enough to inhibit phase separation. Thus the polymers that are being mixed need not be miscible, which greatly enhances the applicability of the technique. From analysis of two-dimensional Fraunhofer diffraction (angular scattering) patterns, we show that both the real and the imaginary parts of the refractive index can be tuned by adjustment of the relative weight fractions of polymers in solution. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM barnesmd1@ornl.gov RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 15 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 121 EP 123 DI 10.1364/OL.24.000121 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 164TV UT WOS:000078480400001 PM 18071427 ER PT J AU Yang, ST Velsko, SP AF Yang, ST Velsko, SP TI Frequency-agile kilohertz repetition-rate optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report kilohertz repetition-rate pulse-to-pulse wavelength tuning from 3.22 to 3.7 mu m in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), Rapid tuning over 400 cm(-1) with random wavelength accessibility is achieved by rotation of the pump beam angle by no more than 24 mrad in the PPLN crystal by use of an acousto-optic beam deflector. Over the entire tuning range, a near-transform-limited OPO bandwidth can be obtained by means of injection seeding with a single-frequency 1.5-mu m laser diode. The frequency agility, high repetition rate, and narrow bandwidth of this mid-IR PPLN OPO make it well suited as a lidar transmitter source. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yang, ST (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 133 EP 135 DI 10.1364/OL.24.000133 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 164TV UT WOS:000078480400005 PM 18071431 ER PT J AU Honea, EC Beach, RJ Mitchell, SC Avizonis, PV AF Honea, EC Beach, RJ Mitchell, SC Avizonis, PV TI 183-W, M-2 = 2.4 Yb : YAG Q-switched laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; OPTIMIZATION AB We have fabricated a diode-array end-pumped Yb:YAG rod laser with output powers greater than 200 W cw and 195 W Q-switched at 5 kHz. At an output power of 183 W and a repetition rate of 5 kHz, the beam quality was measured to be M-2 = 2.4. The laser design incorporates a hollow lens duct to concentrate the diode pump light for delivery to the end of the laser rod while maintaining access to the laser beam. This configuration provides increased flexibility for the resonator design and permits the use of birefringence compensation in the cavity to yield polarized output with increased efficiency. Using the recently described birefringence compensation method of Clarkson ct al. [in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1998), paper CTuI3], we obtained 112 W of cw power with a polarized beam of M-2 = 3.2. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Boeing Informat Space & Def Syst, Seal Beach, CA 90740 USA. RP Honea, EC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-441,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 154 EP 156 DI 10.1364/OL.24.000154 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 164TV UT WOS:000078480400012 PM 18071438 ER PT J AU Perry, MD Pennington, D Stuart, BC Tietbohl, G Britten, JA Brown, C Herman, S Golick, B Kartz, M Miller, J Powell, HT Vergino, M Yanovsky, V AF Perry, MD Pennington, D Stuart, BC Tietbohl, G Britten, JA Brown, C Herman, S Golick, B Kartz, M Miller, J Powell, HT Vergino, M Yanovsky, V TI Petawatt laser pulses SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-LASER; TI-SAPPHIRE; AMPLIFICATION; GENERATION; MULTITERAWATT; COMPRESSION; TERAWATT; DESIGN; CHAIN AB We have developed a hybrid Ti:sapphire-Nd:glass laser system that produces more than 1500 TW (1.5 PW) of peak power. The system produces 660 J of power in a compressed 440 +/- 20 fs pulse by use of 94-cm master diffraction gratings. Focusing to an irradiance of >7 x 10(20) W/cm(2) is achieved by use of a Cassegrainian focusing system employing a plasma mirror. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Perry, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-477, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Yanovsky, Victor/B-5899-2008; Stuart, Brent/K-4988-2015 NR 27 TC 399 Z9 427 U1 5 U2 36 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 160 EP 162 DI 10.1364/OL.24.000160 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 164TV UT WOS:000078480400014 PM 18071440 ER PT J AU Koshelev, I Paulikas, AP Veal, BW AF Koshelev, I Paulikas, AP Veal, BW TI Refracted X-ray fluorescence (RXF) applied to the study of thin films and thermally-grown oxide scales SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE alumina scale; chromia scale; RXF; X-ray fluorescence; in situ oxidation ID DEPTH PROFILE MEASUREMENT; TRANSIENT OXIDATION; SURFACE-ANALYSIS; REFLECTION; SCATTERING; EMISSION; ALLOYS; INTENSITIES; ABSORPTION; BEHAVIOR AB Refracted X-ray fluorescence (RXF) is a relatively new technique developed for studying properties of thin films. In this paper, formalism for analysis of RXF measurements is derived from a new perspective. The technique is applied to the study of thermally grown oxide scales, model predictions are tested. The evolution of chromia scales on Fe-25Cr-20Ni-0.3 Y alloys and some aspects of alumina scales grown on beta-NiAl are investigated. Some of the data were taken in situ, during the oxidation process. Deposited films of Fe-25Cr-20Ni-0.3Y alloys of varying thickness and the oxidation of those films were also studied. The technique is generally applicable to thin-film studies. It provides scale-composition and depth-profile information, scale thicknesses and growth rates, and information about transient-phase evolution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koshelev, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 51 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 54 DI 10.1023/A:1018898018004 PG 32 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 178HP UT WOS:000079260500002 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Leibowitz, J DeVan, JH AF Pint, BA Leibowitz, J DeVan, JH TI The effect of an oxide dispersion on the critical Al content in Fe-Al alloys SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE iron aluminides; -Al2O3; reactive-element effect; oxide dispersion; grain-size effect ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; IRON-ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; YTTRIUM ION-IMPLANTATION; REACTIVE ELEMENTS; STAINLESS-STEEL; CHROMIUM-ALLOYS; DEGREES C; BEHAVIOR; RESISTANCE; GROWTH AB Oxide-dispersed iron aluminides with Al contents ranging from 10 to 28 at.% were oxidized in air at temperatures between 600 and 1300 degrees C in order to determine the critical Al content necessary to form a protective, external alumina scale. A Y2O3-Al2O3 dispersion, performed similarly to an Al2O3 dispersion, indicated little effect of Y on the critical Al content. Compared to ingot-processed iron aluminides, the addition of an oxide dispersion reduced the critical Al content at 900 degrees C. This reduction is attributed to the finer grain size in the oxide-dispersed Fe-Al. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 49 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 51 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 197 DI 10.1023/A:1018862404800 PG 17 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 178HP UT WOS:000079260500009 ER PT J AU Alamgir, FM Jain, H Miller, AC Williams, DB Schwarz, RB AF Alamgir, FM Jain, H Miller, AC Williams, DB Schwarz, RB TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of bulk Pd-Ni-P metallic glasses SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS AB The core-level and valence-band spectra were obtained from high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the bulk glassy and crystalline PdxNi80-xP20 (x = 20-70) alloys. Upon crystallization of glassy Pd40Ni40P20, which exhibits the highest glass stability, a small change in chemical bonding is observed. This appears as a charge transfer from P atoms to Ni and Pd atoms. The level of chemical bonding between 1" and the metals seems to increase linearly as a function of x throughout the composition range. The density D(E-F) of states at the Fermi level is significantly lower for the alloys with respect to those of the d-band metals, in agreement with the Nagel-Tauc criterion for glass stability. However, its value is not the lowest for the x = 40 composition which is most resistant to crystallization. The existing electronic models are not fully adequate for explaining the high glass stability of the Pd40Ni40P20 alloy. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Lehigh Univ, Zettlemoyer Ctr Surface Studies, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Alamgir, FM (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM fma2@lehigh.edu OI Alamgir, Faisal/0000-0002-0894-8096 NR 16 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 79 IS 2 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1080/13642819908206795 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 162LA UT WOS:000078346700003 ER PT J AU Vo, NV AF Vo, NV TI Advances in the development of high-temperature superconducting Bi-2223/Ag pancake coils for electric power applications SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; 2-POWDER PROCESS; CU-O; TAPES; DEFORMATION; POWDER; PHASE; FIELD; FABRICATION; GENERATION AB High-temperature superconducting (HTS) double-pancake coils have been fabricated using (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x (Bi-2223) multifilamentary (MF) Ag-clad tapes. The thermal-mechanical processing of Bi-based composites has shown an improvement in the transport properties of composite tapes by optimizing powder stoichiometry, deformation rate and reduction, sintering temperature and duration, and adjusted rate of heat treatment. Ag-clad Bi-2223 MF tapes up to 55 m have been fabricated using the powder-in-tube technique. An overall I-c of similar to 7.5 Angstrom with a fluctuation along the length of less than 12% was achieved. An improvement in the electrical transport properties of similar to 12 mT Bi-2223/Ag wind-reacted HTS double-pancake coils prepared from long partially processed tapes was achieved by means of post-sintering. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Wollongong, Inst Mat Technol & Mfg, Ctr Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. RP Vo, NV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Mail Stop G755,MST STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 79 IS 2 BP 281 EP 290 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 162LA UT WOS:000078346700007 ER PT J AU West, GB AF West, GB TI The origin of universal scaling laws in biology SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Statistical Physics (STATPHYS 20) CY JUL 20-24, 1998 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP West, GB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8,MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 263 IS 1-4 BP 104 EP 113 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(98)00639-6 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 168VJ UT WOS:000078713600017 ER PT J AU Mannix, D Langridge, S Lander, GH Rebizant, J Longfield, MJ Stirling, WG Nuttall, WJ Coburn, S Wasserman, S Soderholm, L AF Mannix, D Langridge, S Lander, GH Rebizant, J Longfield, MJ Stirling, WG Nuttall, WJ Coburn, S Wasserman, S Soderholm, L TI Experiments on transuranium compounds with X-ray resonant exchange scattering SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article DE actinides; synchrotrons; magnetism ID 2 LENGTH SCALES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; CRITICAL REGIME; PLUTONIUM; HOLMIUM; SURFACE; NPAS; UO2 AB Synchrotron radiation experiments are reported on single crystals of NpS and PuSb to examine the magnetic structures by using the technique of X-ray resonance exchange scattering (XRES). In the case of NpS the results augment our knowledge of the magnetic phase transition, and, by measuring the ratio of the intensities at the M-5 and M-4 energies we suggest that the electronic configuration of NpS is trivalent Np3+. In the case of PuSb our experiments were unable to observe magnetic scattering. Our interpretation is that an absorbing layer of similar to 1 mu m exists on the surface of the single crystals. No powder diffraction peaks (e.g. from PuO2 or PuSb) could be detected from this layer, indicating that it is either amorphous or small grain. An EXAFS-type analysis shows that the overlayer consists primarily of plutonium and oxygen. We suggest how this may be caused preferentially in the Pu-containing samples because of the alpha-particle activity present in Pu-239. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Keele, Dept Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lander, GH (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM lander@ill.fr OI Mannix, Danny/0000-0002-7346-6894; Langridge, Sean/0000-0003-1104-0772 NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 1999 VL 262 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00477-3 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 164BM UT WOS:000078442100017 ER PT J AU Yunus, SM Fernandez-Baca, JA Asgar, MA Ahmed, FU Hakim, MA AF Yunus, SM Fernandez-Baca, JA Asgar, MA Ahmed, FU Hakim, MA TI Neutron diffraction studies of the magnetic disorder in ZnxMg0.8-xNi0.2Fe2O4 ferrite with x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE neutron diffraction; ferrites; spinel structure; magnetic order ID SPIN-GLASS; MOSSBAUER; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM; CO AB Magnetic properties of ZnxMg0.8-xNi0.2Fe2O4 ferrite system with x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 have been investigated in the neutron diffraction technique. Neutron diffraction measurements of all the four samples are performed at a number of temperatures ranging from 823 down to 15 K. The observed sublattice moments do not follow the smooth trend as expected in collinear ferrimagnetic structure. A sluggish and step-like behavior in the temperature dependence of the magnetic moment has been observed below T-c which manifests the presence of spin clusters superimposed on the infinite magnetic network. For the sample with x = 0.6 the ordered moment in the B sublattice reduces drastically indicating the presence of strong noncollinearity in the B site. But the absence of (2 0 0) reflection in the neutron patterns at all temperatures suggests that there is no long range spatial ordering of the transverse spin components. However, for this sample there is considerable broadening of the (1 1 1) diffraction peak at 15 K due to diffuse signal. The presence of this diffuse scattering and the decrease in the B site moment at temperatures below 50 K indicates that a re-entrant or semi-spin-glass like structure is more probable for the composition with, x = 0.6. The results are described qualitatively in the light of the existing theories and experimental observations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Atom Energy Res Estab, Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Bangladesh Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Phys, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Atom Energy Commiss, Atom Energy Ctr, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RP Yunus, SM (reprint author), Atom Energy Res Estab, Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, POB 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM inst@bangla.net RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD FEB PY 1999 VL 262 IS 1-2 BP 112 EP 124 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00655-3 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 164BM UT WOS:000078442100016 ER PT J AU Park, JH Goretta, KC Murayama, N AF Park, JH Goretta, KC Murayama, N TI Chemical diffusion of oxygen in dense, textured (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE chemical diffusion; oxygen; (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox; sinter forging ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTOR; CU-O SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRACER DIFFUSION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BI2SR2CACU2OX; SYSTEM; RESISTIVITY; PHASE; AG AB Dense polycrystalline (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy specimens were fabricated by sinter forging. The specimens exhibited excellent phase purity and strong texture of c-axes, which were preferentially aligned parallel to the forging direction. The chemical diffusion coefficient of oxygen, (D) over tilde, measured in pure O-2 could be represented as (D) over tilde(ab) approximate to 1.78 x 10(-3) exp(-0.96 eV/kT), where the subscript ab refers to diffusion within the a-b-plane. The measurements suggested that (D) over tilde(ab) >> (D) over tilde(c), where the subscript c refers to diffusion in the c-direction. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Ind Res Inst Nagoya, Nagoya, Aichi 4628510, Japan. RP Goretta, KC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 312 IS 3-4 BP 269 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(98)00709-6 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 168VU UT WOS:000078714500013 ER PT J AU Cohen, JS AF Cohen, JS TI Isotope effects on antiproton and muon capture by hydrogen and deuterium atoms and molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID METASTABLE STATES; HELIUM-ATOMS; LIQUID; H-2; GAS AB Cross sections for capture of the antiproton ((p) over bar) and negative muon (mu(-)) by the H-2 and D-2 molecules are calculated using fermion molecular dynamics (FMD). All the cross sections are significantly larger than those fur capture by the corresponding atom, also evaluated by the FMD method. The largest molecular cross sections are obtained when the negative projectile mass best matches the nuclear mass in the molecular target, thus for (p) over bar + H-2. The vibrational degree of freedom is shown to be most important in distinguishing the four reactions, but the effects of rotations, two-center electronic charge distribution, and nonadiabaticity are also significant. The predicted initial capture fractions (i.e., not taking subsequent transfer into account) in a H-2 + D-2 mixture are P-capt((p))/P-capt((d))= qc(p)/c(d), where q = 1.585 for (p) over bar and q = 1.186 for mu(-) independent of c(p) and c(d). The energy-dependent quantum-number distributions of the exotic atoms formed, the angular distributions of antiprotonic atoms, and the initial kinetic energies of muonic atoms are also presented. [S1050-2947(99)06602-0]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cohen, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cohen@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1160 EP 1169 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.1160 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 169YW UT WOS:000078778500035 ER PT J AU Fontes, CJ Sampson, DH Zhang, HL AF Fontes, CJ Sampson, DH Zhang, HL TI Fully relativistic calculations of and fits to 1s ionization cross sections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; GENERALIZED BREIT INTERACTION; DISTORTED-WAVE APPROACH; ELECTRON-IMPACT; EXCITATION AB The range of conditions for which inclusion of the generalized Breit interaction is important in calculating the scattering matrix elements for Is ionization is explored within the relativistic distorted-wave approximation. This approach is applied to the calculation of Is ionization cross sections for a variety of ions with one to four bound electrons and nuclear charge Z in the range of 10 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 92. These data are then interpolated with simple, but accurate, fit formulas. The resulting expressions are readily integrated over a relativistic Maxwellian electron distribution function to obtain rate coefficients for plasma modeling. A discussion of the high energy behavior of the cross sections for large Z is also given. [S1050-2947(99)08802-2]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Fontes, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1329 EP 1335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.1329 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 169YW UT WOS:000078778500054 ER PT J AU Gaarde, MB Salin, F Constant, E Balcou, P Schafer, KJ Kulander, KC L'Huillier, A AF Gaarde, MB Salin, F Constant, E Balcou, P Schafer, KJ Kulander, KC L'Huillier, A TI Spatiotemporal separation of high harmonic radiation into two quantum path components SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ORDER HARMONICS; GENERATION; IONIZATION; RANGE AB We present a spatiotemporal analysis of high harmonic generation, showing evidence for the presence of several quantum path contributions to the atomic dipole moment. We show that the harmonic radiation can largely be described as a sum of two fields having a phase proportional to the intensity of the generating field. We compare our results to recent experimental results demonstrating this separation [M. Bellini et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 297 (1998)]. We show how the temporal and spatial coherence properties are influenced by this effect, and discuss how it could be used to obtain better control of the generated harmonic radiation. [S1050-2947(99)00402-3]. C1 Lund Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Niels Bohr Inst, Orsted Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark. Univ Bordeaux 1, CPMOH, ELIA, F-33405 Talence, France. CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 7639, Ecole Polytech, ENSTA,Lab Opt Appliquee, F-91761 Palaiseau, France. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, TAMP Grp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Gaarde, MB (reprint author), Lund Inst Technol, Dept Phys, POB 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI L'Huillier, Anne/P-4379-2015 OI L'Huillier, Anne/0000-0002-1335-4022 NR 23 TC 134 Z9 135 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1367 EP 1373 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.1367 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 169YW UT WOS:000078778500059 ER PT J AU Frey, MT Dunning, FB Reinhold, CO Yoshida, S Burgdorfer, J AF Frey, MT Dunning, FB Reinhold, CO Yoshida, S Burgdorfer, J TI Realization of the kicked atom SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HALF-CYCLE PULSES; RYDBERG ATOMS; QUANTUM CHAOS; HYDROGEN-ATOMS; IONIZATION; STABILIZATION; FIELDS AB The kicked atom is realized experimentally by exposing potassium np Rydberg atoms with n similar to 388 to a sequence of up to 50 half-cycle pulses whose duration is much shorter than the classical electron orbital period. The Rydberg atom survival probability is observed to have a broad maximum for pulse repetition frequencies near the classical orbital frequency. Comparisons with detailed classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations show that this behavior provides an unambiguous signature of dynamical stabilization. The classical simulations further show that the kicked hydrogen atom is, depending on the pulse repetition frequency, chaotic or characterized by a mixed phase space with various families of fully stable islands within which the atom is stable against ionization. Signatures of stabilization and chaotic diffusion are also observed in the final bound-state distribution of the surviving atoms. [S1050-2947(99)07302-3]. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Rice Quantum Inst, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Frey, MT (reprint author), Schlumberger Sugar Land Prod Ctr, POB 2175, Houston, TX 77252 USA. OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 21 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1434 EP 1443 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.1434 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 169YW UT WOS:000078778500068 ER PT J AU Caldwell, CD Krause, MO Cowan, RD Menzel, A Whitfield, SB Hallman, S Frigo, SP Severson, MC AF Caldwell, CD Krause, MO Cowan, RD Menzel, A Whitfield, SB Hallman, S Frigo, SP Severson, MC TI Inner-shell photoexcitation in an open-shell atom: The Cl 2p -> ns,md spectrum as a case study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROMETRY; PHOTOABSORPTION SPECTRA; NATURAL WIDTHS; AUGER LINES; MONOCHROMATOR; CHLORINE; AR AB The 2p-->ns,md excitation spectrum has been measured and calculated for the open-shell C1 atom. A satisfactory accord between experiment and theory was found. Rydberg series cannot be discerned for transitions leading to a 2p, 3p, n iota open-shell configuration. The 4s,3d manifolds are dominant, and the 2p-3p coupling is seen to be much stronger than the 3p-n iota coupling. Very narrow widths, 16 to 22 meV, for the 4s and 3d lines an observed. By contrast, only broad structures appear in the region of the highest excitations. [S1050-2947(99)50302-8]. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Max Planck Inst Stromungsforsch, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys & Astron, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. RP Caldwell, CD (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP R926 EP R929 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.R926 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 169YW UT WOS:000078778500005 ER PT J AU Wu, Z Hong, HW Aburano, R Zschack, P Jemian, P Tischler, J Chen, HD Luh, DA Chiang, TC AF Wu, Z Hong, HW Aburano, R Zschack, P Jemian, P Tischler, J Chen, HD Luh, DA Chiang, TC TI Pattern of x-ray scattering by thermal phonons in Si SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Intensity distribution of x-ray scattering by thermal phonons in Si was recorded using synchrotron undulator radiation. A high-energy beam sent through a Si(lll) wafer in a transmission Laue geometry yielded a threefold symmetric pattern for the scattering cross section with rich details governed by phonon dispersion, population, and polarization. [S0163-1829(99)08105-9]. C1 Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chiang, TC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, 104 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM t-chiang@uiuc.edu RI LUH, DAH-AN/B-3921-2008; Chiang, Tai/H-5528-2011 NR 6 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3283 EP 3286 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3283 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300006 ER PT J AU Hamilton, WA Yethiraj, M AF Hamilton, WA Yethiraj, M TI Effects of traveling surface acoustic waves on neutron Bragg scattering from perfect crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION AB We have studied the effects of a traveling surface acoustic wave (SAW) disturbance on symmetric Bragg case neutron diffraction from a perfect crystal of lithium niobate. Generally, the reflectivity is increased as the SAW distortion creates an effective moving mosaic crystal in the near surface region. Unlike the corresponding x-ray situation in which the crystalline distortion is effectively stationary, thermal neutron and SAW velocities are comparable. Thus the interaction between the neutron and the coherent SAW phonons involves significant Doppler effects that also modify the reflected neutron intensity. While the observed effects can be explained qualitatively, as yet no quantitative picture exists of the interaction between the neutron and the coherent surface phonons in this situation. [S0163-1829(99)07105-2]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hamilton, WA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3388 EP 3392 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3388 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300033 ER PT J AU Balzar, D Ledbetter, H Stephens, PW Park, ET Routbort, JL AF Balzar, D Ledbetter, H Stephens, PW Park, ET Routbort, JL TI Dislocation-density changes upon poling of polycrystalline BaTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; CRYSTALS; SURFACE AB We report evidence for a significant increase of bulk dislocation density upon poling of polycrystalline BaTiO3. The synchrotron high-resolution x-ray-diffraction measurements yield a dislocation density on the order of 10(9)/cm(2) and an associated strain-energy increase of about 20 kJ/m(3). This implies that the application of an external poling field generates defects in the structure and increases the internal stress. Possible consequences in both bulk and thin-him applications include accelerated aging and microcracking. [S0163-1829(99)06005-1]. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balzar, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM balzar@boulder.nist.gov NR 51 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3414 EP 3420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3414 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300036 ER PT J AU Greeff, CW Moriarty, JA AF Greeff, CW Moriarty, JA TI Ab initio thermoelasticity of magnesium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; MODEL; TRANSITION; LATTICE AB The elastic moduli of magnesium (Mg) have been evaluated as functions of pressure and temperature through the use of fluctuation formulas and Monte Carlo simulation. The simulations employ ab initio interatomic potentials for Mg derived from generalized pseudopotential theory and used previously to predict the temperature-pressure phase diagram of this metal to 60 cpa [Phys. Rev. B 51, 5609 (1995)]. Comparison with experimental data at ambient pressure and low temperature shows that the calculated elastic constants agree with the measured values to within about 10%. The temperature and pressure derivatives of the moduli are likewise closely reproduced. Theoretical results are also given for high pressures (to 40 GPa) and high temperatures (to 1500 K) in the relevant hcp and bcc crystal structures. No elastic anomalies are seen on approaching the predicted hcp-bcc phase transition. Implications for the detection of this transition in shock experiments are discussed. [S0163-1829(99)03205-1]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Greeff, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013; OI Greeff, Carl/0000-0003-0529-0441 NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3427 EP 3433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3427 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300038 ER PT J AU Nellis, WJ Weir, ST Mitchell, AC AF Nellis, WJ Weir, ST Mitchell, AC TI Minimum metallic conductivity of fluid hydrogen at 140 GPa (1.4 Mbar) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Review ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES QUASI-PARTICLE; COMPRESSED LIQUID-HYDROGEN; EQUATION-OF-STATE; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SOLID HYDROGEN; MEGABAR PRESSURES; SHOCK COMPRESSION; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DENSE HYDROGEN AB Electrical conductivity measurements indicate that fluid hydrogen achieves the minimum conductivity of a metal at 140 GPa, ninefold initial liquid-H-2 density, and 2600 K. Metallization density is defined to be that at which the electronic mobility gap E-g is reduced by pressure to E(g)similar to k(B)T, at which point E-g is filled in by fluid disorder to produce a metallic density of states with a Fermi surface and the minimum conductivity of a metal. High pressures and temperatures were obtained with a two-stage gun, which accelerates an impactor up to 7 km/sec. A strong shock wave is generated on impact with a holder containing liquid hydrogen at 20 K. The impact shock is split into a shock wave reverberating in hydrogen between two stiff Al2O3 anvils. This compression heats hydrogen quasi-isentropically to about twice its melting temperature and lasts similar to 100 ns, sufficiently long to achieve equilibrium and sufficiently short to preclude loss of hydrogen by diffusion and chemical reactions. The measured conductivity increases four orders of magnitude in the range 93 to 140 GPa and is constant at 2000 (Ohm cm)(-1) from 140 to 180 GPa. This conductivity is that of fluid Cs and Rb undergoing the same transition at 2000 K. This measured value is within a factor of 5 or less of hydrogen conductivities calculated with (i) minimum conductivity of a metal, (ii) Ziman model of a liquid metal, and (iii) tight-binding molecular dynamics. At metallization this fluid is similar to 90 at. % H-2 and 10 at. % H with a Fermi energy of similar to 12 eV. Fluid hydrogen at finite temperature undergoes a Mott transition at Dm(1/3)a*=0.30, where D-m is the metallization density and nh is the Bohr radius of the molecule. Metallization occurs at a lower pressure in the fluid than predicted for the solid probably because crystalline and orientational phase transitions in the ordered solid do not occur in the fluid and because of many-body and structural effects. Tight-binding molecular dynamics calculations by Lenosky et al. suggest that fluid metallic hydrogen is a novel state of condensed matter. Protons are paired transiently and exchange on a timescale of a few molecular vibrational periods, similar to 10(-14) sec. Also, the kinetic, vibrational, and rotational energies of the dynamically paired protons are comparable. [S0163-1829(99)02805-2]. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Weir, Samuel/H-5046-2012 NR 117 TC 178 Z9 182 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3434 EP 3449 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3434 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300039 ER PT J AU Seeck, OH Hupfeld, D Krull, H Doerr, AK Schlomka, JP Tolan, M Press, W AF Seeck, OH Hupfeld, D Krull, H Doerr, AK Schlomka, JP Tolan, M Press, W TI Surface phase transition close to a bulk tricritical point: An x-ray study of ND4Cl SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; DIFFRACTION; REGION; NH4BR AB Investigations of the near-surface critical behavior close to the bulk tricritical point of ND4Cl single crystals are presented. The order parameter is expected to follow universal power laws with a temperature-dependent crossover from the bulk to the surface exponent. In contrast to the theory the measurements show an evidence for a surface layer with a constant nonvanishing order parameter. The thickness of this layer increases in temperature and seems to diverge at the critical temperature. The results disagree with the expected universal behavior of surface order parameters. [S0163-1829(99)07505-0]. C1 Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. RP Seeck, OH (reprint author), XFD, APS, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3474 EP 3479 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3474 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300043 ER PT J AU Feldman, JL Allen, PB Bickham, SR AF Feldman, JL Allen, PB Bickham, SR TI Numerical study of low-frequency vibrations in amorphous silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VITREOUS SILICA; PROPAGATING MODES; GRUNEISEN PARAMETERS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; THIN-FILMS; GLASSES; SI; LOCALIZATION AB Exact numerical vibrational eigenvectors and eigenvalues are studied for atomistic models of amorphous silicon (a-Si) with 216, 1000, and 4096 atoms in the periodic repeat unit. At the lowest frequencies, eigenvalues are sparse and eigenvectors are fairly plane-wave-like. However, some eigenvectors are "quasilocalized" or "resonant." They are temporarily trapped in local regions of undercoordination. The present paper finds the following. (1) The "quasilocalized" modes are to a large extent artifacts of the finite size of the model systems. (2) The lower energy modes of realistic models in the harmonic approximation are broadened versions of the corresponding crystalline acoustic vibrations, with fairly well-defined wave vectors Q. The intrinsic broadening due to glassy disorder increases rapidly with Q, until at intermediate frequencies a meaningful Q can no longer be assigned. (3) The intrinsic broadening due to disorder is strong enough to suppress thermal conductivity to the level seen experimentally, with no need for special anharmonic effects or localization, except for the influence of two-level systems on the modes at very low frequencies. (4) There is no inconsistency between the broadened propagating-wave description of low-energy modes and the occurrence of "excess modes" in specific heat or in spectra. However, amorphous silicon seems to have very few such excess modes. (5) "Excess modes'' and the plateau in kappa(T) are not closely related, since the former is absent and the latter present in both experiment and in our calculations for a-Si. Our analysis agrees closely with the recent study of amorphous SiO2 by Dell'Anna et al. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Aston, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Feldman, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Allen, Philip/A-4366-2008 NR 47 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3551 EP 3559 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3551 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300053 ER PT J AU Kolesnikov, AI Li, JC Parker, SF Eccleston, RS Loong, CK AF Kolesnikov, AI Li, JC Parker, SF Eccleston, RS Loong, CK TI Vibrational dynamics of amorphous ice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HYPERQUENCHED GLASSY WATER; OH STRETCHING REGION; SOLID WATER; LIQUID WATER; D2O ICE; HYDROGEN-BOND; X-RAY; DIFFRACTION; DENSITY AB Using inelastic neutron scattering, we have measured a range of amorphous forms of ice, including high-density and low-density amorphous ices, in the energy transfer region from 2 to 500 meV (16-4033 cm(-1)). The measured spectra show that the pressure-produced high-density amorphous ice is significantly different from the two low-density amorphous forms of ice (obtained by vapor deposition and by annealing at 120 K of the high-density amorphous ice), as we expected. However, considerable differences were also observed between the vapor deposits and the low-density amorphous ice obtained from annealing the high-density amorphous ice (the latter has a spectrum very similar to ice-Ih and ice-Ic), indicating that the hydrogen bonding in the two systems are markedly different. C1 UMIST, Dept Phys, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kolesnikov, AI (reprint author), UMIST, Dept Phys, POB 88, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. RI Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012; OI Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649; Parker, Stewart/0000-0002-3228-2570 NR 57 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3569 EP 3578 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3569 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NN UT WOS:000078699300055 ER PT J AU Meldrum, A Zinkle, SJ Boatner, LA Ewing, RC AF Meldrum, A Zinkle, SJ Boatner, LA Ewing, RC TI Heavy-ion irradiation effects in the ABO(4) orthosilicates: Decomposition, amorphization, and recrystallization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; WEAPONS PLUTONIUM; BEAM IRRADIATION; RECOIL-ENERGY; ZIRCON; TEMPERATURE; ORTHOPHOSPHATES; MONAZITE AB The effects of displacive, heavy-ion irradiation on the properties of synthetic single-crystals of ZrSiO4 (zircon), HfSiO4 (hafnon), tetragonal ThSiO4 (thorite), and monoclinic ThSiO4 (huttonite) have been investigated. All four ABO(4)-type orthosilicate materials became amorphous in a process that exhibited a two-stage dependence on temperature when irradiated by 800 keV Kr+ or Xe+ ions in the temperature range of 20 to 1100 K. The critical amorphization temperature above which amorphization did not occur increased in the following order: huttonite, zircon, hafnon, thorite. At temperatures below 500 K, the tetragonal and monoclinic polymorphs of ThSiO4 required approximately the same ion fluence for amorphization. Monoclinic ThSiO4 is, therefore, not "more resistant'' to radiation damage than the tetragonal-symmetry form, but instead, its amorphous phase recrystallizes at a lower temperature. A model that accounts for the observed two-stage behavior was developed and used to calculate the recrystallization activation energies for both stages. When irradiated with heavy ions above a certain characteristic temperature, an unexpected decomposition was observed in which all four ABO(4) orthosilicates phase separated into the crystalline oxides: ZrO2, HfO2, or ThO2 plus amorphous SiO2. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Meldrum, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 65 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3981 EP 3992 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.3981 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400011 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BJ Howard, CJ Chakoumakos, BC AF Kennedy, BJ Howard, CJ Chakoumakos, BC TI High-temperature phase transitions in SrZrO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-EXPANSION; PEROVSKITE; CATIO3 AB The high-temperature phase transitions of SrZrO3 have been studied using powder neutron diffraction and the Rietveld method. The material is tetragonal (I4/mcm) between similar to 1020 and 1360 K. At higher temperatures (>1360 K) the structure was found to be the ideal cubic perovskite (Pm (3) over bar m). From the neutron-diffraction data and the space-group assignments, the transition from the tetragonal to cubic phase is consistent with a continuous phase transition. The angle of tilt of the oxygen octahedron in the tetragonal phase is taken to be the order parameter and its temperature variation is typical of a tricritical phase transition. C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kennedy, BJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RI Howard, Christopher/B-5138-2009; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Kennedy, Brendan/0000-0002-7187-4579 NR 20 TC 165 Z9 169 U1 2 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4023 EP 4027 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4023 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400015 ER PT J AU Liu, AY Quong, AA Freericks, JK Nicol, EJ Jones, EC AF Liu, AY Quong, AA Freericks, JK Nicol, EJ Jones, EC TI Structural phase stability and electron-phonon coupling in lithium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; LINEAR-RESPONSE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; LI; METALS; BCC; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; TEMPERATURES AB First-principles calculations of the foe energy of several structural phases of Li are presented. The density-functional linear-response approach is used to calculate the volume-dependent phonon frequencies needed for computing the vibrational free energy within the quasiharmonic approximation. We show that the transformation from a close-packed structure at low temperatures to the bce phase upon heating is driven by the large vibrational entropy associated with low-energy phonon modes in bcc Li. In addition, we find that the strength of the electron-phonon interaction in Li is strongly dependent on crystal structure. The coupling strength is significantly reduced in the low-temperature close-packed phases as compared to the bcc phase, and is consistent with the observed lack of a superconducting transition in Li. C1 Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Liu, AY (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RI Freericks, James/D-7502-2011; Liu, Amy/E-2266-2015; OI Liu, Amy/0000-0002-2011-1854; Freericks, James/0000-0002-6232-9165 NR 50 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4028 EP 4035 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4028 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400016 ER PT J AU Sluiter, MHF Weinert, M Kawazoe, Y AF Sluiter, MHF Weinert, M Kawazoe, Y TI Force constants for substitutional alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL ENTROPY; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; DISORDERED NI3AL; ELASTIC-MODULI; PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; PHONON DISPERSIONS; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; ALUMINUM; SYSTEM; ORDER AB Recently, the importance of the vibrational aspects of alloy phase stability has attracted much interest. There is much controversy over the extent to which the vibrational free energy affects order-disorder temperatures and other phase equilibria. Here, we examine the feasibility of defining transferable force constants for an alloy in much the same spirit as tight-binding Slater-Koster parameters can be defined for substitutional alloys. In particular, the predictive ability of such alloy specific, but configuration independent, force constants for the elastic, relaxation, and vibrational properties is examined. [S0163-1829(99)09205-X]. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sluiter, MHF (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan. RI Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki/C-2998-2011; Sluiter, Marcel/E-6086-2010 OI Sluiter, Marcel/0000-0002-6514-4318 NR 43 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4100 EP 4111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4100 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400025 ER PT J AU Kirtley, JR Kogan, VG Clem, JR Moler, KA AF Kirtley, JR Kogan, VG Clem, JR Moler, KA TI Magnetic field of an in-plane vortex outside a layered superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTICES AB We present the solution to London's equations for the magnetic fields of a vortex oriented parallel to the planes, and normal to a crystal face, of a layered superconductor. These expressions account for flux spreading at the superconducting surface, which can change the apparent size of the vortex along the planes by as much as 30%. We compare these expressions with experimental results. [S0163-1829(99)10405-3]. C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Kirtley, JR (reprint author), IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, POB 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. RI Moler, Kathryn/F-2541-2011 NR 19 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4343 EP 4348 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4343 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400055 ER PT J AU Koshelev, AE Nordborg, H AF Koshelev, AE Nordborg, H TI Universal properties for linelike melting of the vortex lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL YBA2CU3O7; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; C SUPERCONDUCTORS; GROUND-STATE; MODEL; LIQUID; DIAGRAM AB Using numerical results obtained within two models describing vortex matter [interacting elastic lines (Bose model) and uniformly frustrated XY model] we establish universal properties of the melting transition within the linelike regime. These properties, which are captured correctly by both models, include the scaling of the melting temperature with anisotropy and magnetic field, the effective line tension of vortices in the liquid regime, the latent heat, the entropy jump per entanglement length, and relative jump of Josephson energy at the transition as compared to the latent heat. The universal properties can serve as experimental fingerprints of the linelike regime of melting. Comparison of the models allows us to establish boundaries of the linelike regime in temperature and magnetic field. [S0163-1829(99)01106-6]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60469 USA. RP Koshelev, AE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60469 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013; OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906; Nordborg, Henrik/0000-0003-3432-3257 NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4358 EP 4363 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4358 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400057 ER PT J AU Su, X Zuo, F Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL AF Su, X Zuo, F Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL TI Anisotropic magnetoresistance in the organic superconductor beta ''-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BEDT-TTF; AMBIENT-PRESSURE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MIXED-STATE; TRANSPORT; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CUBR; RESISTIVITY; TRANSITION; DEPENDENCE AB In this paper, we report transport measurements of interlayer magnetoresistance with field parallel and perpendicular to the current direction in an all organic superconductor beta "-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3. For H parallel to I, the isothermal magnetoresistance R(H) at low temperatures (T less than or equal to T-c) displays a peak effect as a function of field. For H perpendicular to I, R(H) increases monotonically with increasing field. The results are very analogous to the interlayer magnetoresistance in kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)X compounds. The observation of the peak effect or negative magnetoresistance in different systems for H parallel to I perpendicular to plane suggests that it is intrinsic to the layered organic superconductors. For H perpendicular to I, the large positive magnetoresistance is in a general agreement with a two band model for charge transport. [S0163-1829(99)07405-6]. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4376 EP 4381 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4376 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400059 ER PT J AU Bozin, ES Billinge, SJL Kwei, GH Takagi, H AF Bozin, ES Billinge, SJL Kwei, GH Takagi, H TI Charge-stripe ordering from local octahedral tilts: Underdoped and superconducting La2-xSrxCuO4 (0 <= x <= 0.30) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; EARTH-DOPED LA2-XSRXCUO4; T-C SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LA2-XBAXCUO4; DIFFRACTION; HOLES; SPINS; LA1-XCAXMNO3; SCATTERING AB The local structure of La2-xSrxCuO4, for 0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.30, has been investigated using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of neutron powder-diffraction data. The local octahedral tilts are studied to look for evidence of [110] symmetry [i.e., low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) symmetry] tilts locally, even though the average tilts have [010] symmetry [i.e., low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) symmetry] in these compounds. We argue that this observation would suggest the presence of local charge-stripe order. We show that the tilts are locally LTO in the undoped phase, in agreement with the average crystal structure. At nonzero doping the PDF data are consistent with the presence of local tilt disorder in the form of a mixture of LTO and LTT local tilt directions and a distribution of local tilt magnitudes. We present topological tilt models which qualitatively explain the origin of tilt disorder in the presence of charge stripes and show that the PDF data are well explained by such a mixture of locally small and large amplitude tilts. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Minato Ku, Tokyo 106, Japan. RP Bozin, ES (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Takagi, Hidenori/B-2935-2010; Bozin, Emil/E-4679-2011 NR 55 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4445 EP 4454 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4445 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400068 ER PT J AU Suh, BJ Hammel, PC Hucker, M Buchner, B AF Suh, BJ Hammel, PC Hucker, M Buchner, B TI Local magnetic and structural properties of the low-temperature orthorhombic to low-temperature tetragonal transition: A La-139 NQR study in lightly hole-doped La1.8-xEu0.2SrxCuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LA2-XSRXCUO4; COMPETITION; ORDER; SR AB La-139 nuclear quadrupole resistance (NQR) and relaxation measurements in lightly hole-doped La1.8-xEu0.2SrxCuO4 have been used to investigate the microscopic properties of the low-temperature orthorhombic to low-temperature tetragonal transition. The transition is characterized by a sharp peak in La-139 NQR relaxation rate, indicating phonon softening. We find that the structural phase transition is accompanied by a modification of the spin state. The data for the spin freezing and the recovery of sublattice magnetization at low T an presented and discussed in relation to the studies of La2-xSrxCuO4 and La2Cul-xLixO4. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Suh, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798; Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP R3952 EP R3955 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.R3952 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168NP UT WOS:000078699400007 ER PT J AU Sun, H Doring, J Johns, GD Kaye, RA Solomon, GZ Tabor, SL Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Sarantites, DG Baktash, C Rudolph, D Yu, CH Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Birriel, I Saladin, JX Winchell, DF Wood, VQ Ragnarsson, I AF Sun, H Doring, J Johns, GD Kaye, RA Solomon, GZ Tabor, SL Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Sarantites, DG Baktash, C Rudolph, D Yu, CH Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Birriel, I Saladin, JX Winchell, DF Wood, VQ Ragnarsson, I TI New band structures and an unpaired crossing in Kr-78 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN; ROTATIONAL BANDS; NEUTRON ALIGNMENT; REGION; PROTON; NUCLEI; COLLECTIVITY; EXCITATIONS; COEXISTENCE; MOMENTS AB High-spin states in Kr-78 were studied using the Ni-58(Na-23,3p) reaction at 70 MeV and the Ni-58(Si-23,alpha 4p) reaction at 130 MeV. Prompt gamma-gamma coincidences were measured using the Pitt-FSU detector array and the GAMMASPHERE-MICROBALL array. Results from these experiments have led to 26 new excitation levels, some of which have been grouped into 3 new bands. Spins were assigned based on directional correlations of oriented nuclei. Two of the new negative-parity bands appear to form a signature-partner pair based on a two-quasineutron structure, in contrast to the previously known two-quasiproton negative-parity bands. A forking has been observed at the 24(+) state in the yrast band, which calculations suggest may result from an unpaired crossing. The available evidence suggests oblate shapes in the yrast band coexist with prolate shapes in the negative-parity bands. [S0556-2813(99)04602-6]. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Jilin Univ, Dept Phys, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China. RP Sun, H (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 34 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 655 EP 664 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.655 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600015 ER PT J AU Fujimura, K Baye, D Descouvemont, P Suzuki, Y Varga, K AF Fujimura, K Baye, D Descouvemont, P Suzuki, Y Varga, K TI Low-energy alpha+ He-6 elastic scattering with the resonating-group method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPIC MULTICLUSTER DESCRIPTION; STOCHASTIC VARIATIONAL METHOD; BODY PROBLEMS; NEUTRON-HALO; NUCLEI; STATES; BE-10 AB The alpha + He-6 elastic scattering is investigated within a microscopic multicluster model, involving a realistic description of the He-6 halo nucleus. Phase shifts and elastic-scattering cross sections are calculated up to E-c.m. = 15 MeV with two variants of the resonating-group method. The model gives rise to 1(-) and 3(-) molecular states near E-c.m. = 0.5 MeV and E-c.m. = 3.7 MeV, respectively. We suggest that the broad 3(-) resonance should be observable by comparing elastic cross sections at different energies. We also evaluate the order of magnitude of the He-6 breakup cross section. [S0556-2813(99)03902-3]. C1 Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Free Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fujimura, K (reprint author), Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. RI Varga, Kalman/A-7102-2013; Descouvemont, Pierre/C-4852-2013; OI Descouvemont, Pierre/0000-0001-7014-4403 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 817 EP 825 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.817 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600036 ER PT J AU Barrette, J Bellwied, R Bennett, S Bersch, R Braun-Munzinger, P Chang, WC Cleland, WE Clemen, M Cole, J Cormier, TM Dai, Y David, G Dee, J Dietzsch, O Drigert, M Filimonov, K Johnson, SC Hall, JR Hemmick, TK Herrmann, N Hong, B Kwon, Y Lacasse, R Li, Q Ludlam, TW Mark, SK Matheus, R McCorkle, S Murgatroyd, JT Miskowiec, D O'Brien, E Panitkin, S Paul, P Piazza, T Pollack, M Pruneau, C Rao, MN Reber, E Rosati, M daSilva, NC Sedykh, S Sonnadara, U Stachel, J Takagui, EM Voloshin, S Vongpaseuth, TB Wang, G Wessels, JP Woody, CL Xu, N Zhang, Y Zou, C AF Barrette, J Bellwied, R Bennett, S Bersch, R Braun-Munzinger, P Chang, WC Cleland, WE Clemen, M Cole, J Cormier, TM Dai, Y David, G Dee, J Dietzsch, O Drigert, M Filimonov, K Johnson, SC Hall, JR Hemmick, TK Herrmann, N Hong, B Kwon, Y Lacasse, R Li, Q Ludlam, TW Mark, SK Matheus, R McCorkle, S Murgatroyd, JT Miskowiec, D O'Brien, E Panitkin, S Paul, P Piazza, T Pollack, M Pruneau, C Rao, MN Reber, E Rosati, M daSilva, NC Sedykh, S Sonnadara, U Stachel, J Takagui, EM Voloshin, S Vongpaseuth, TB Wang, G Wessels, JP Woody, CL Xu, N Zhang, Y Zou, C TI Directed flow of light nuclei in Au+Au collisions at 10,8A GeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; FRAGMENT FLOW; TRANSVERSE FLOW; ENERGY; EXPANSION; DEPENDENCE AB Directed flow of deuterons, tritons, He-3, and He-4 is studied in Au + Au collisions at a beam momentum of 10.8A GeV/c. Flow of all particles is analyzed as a function of transverse momentum for different centralities of the collision. The directed flow signal, v(1)(p(t)), is found to increase with particle mass. This mass dependence is strongest in the projectile rapidity region. [S0556-2813(99)00802-X]. C1 McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Barrette, J (reprint author), McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. RI Sonnadara, Upul/E-6359-2010; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; OI Reber, Edward/0000-0001-8959-5570; Sonnadara, Upul/0000-0001-7862-2537 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 884 EP 888 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.884 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600044 ER PT J AU Uzzo, M Gross, F AF Uzzo, M Gross, F TI Stability of the spectator, Dirac, and Salpeter equations for mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COVARIANT; SCALAR; MODEL AB Masons are made of quark-antiquark pairs held together by the strong force. The one channel spectator, Dirac, and Salpeter equations can each be used to model this pairing. We look at cases where the relativistic kernel of these equations corresponds to a timelike vector exchange, a scalar exchange, or a linear combination of the two. Since the model used in this paper describes mesons which cannot decay physically, the equations must describe stable states. We find that this requirement is not always satisfied, and give a complete discussion of the conditions under which the various equations give unphysical, unstable solutions. [S0556-2813(99)05902-6]. C1 Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Uzzo, M (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1009 EP 1029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1009 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600060 ER PT J AU Bowers, CJ Freedman, SJ Fujikawa, B Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Reich, J Shang, SQ Vetter, PA Wasserman, E AF Bowers, CJ Freedman, SJ Fujikawa, B Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Reich, J Shang, SQ Vetter, PA Wasserman, E TI New measurement of the beta-gamma directional correlation in Na-22 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DECAY AB We have measured the beta-gamma directional correlation coefficient A(22) in the decay of Na-22 to the 2(+) 1275 keV excited state of Ne-22. We find A(22)= (5.3+/-2.5)X10(-4). This measurement has higher precision but disagrees with most previous experiments. The value for A(22), combined with other experimental inputs, gives recoil-order form factors in disagreement with theoretical estimates. This experiment demonstrates the capabilities of Gammasphere as an instrument for precise beta-gamma correlation measurements. [S0556-2813(99)61702-1]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bowers, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Vetter, Paul/0000-0003-3318-1920 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1113 EP 1118 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1113 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600070 ER PT J AU Lowie, LY Bowman, JD Corvi, F Crawford, BE Delheij, PPJ Frankle, CM Iinuma, M Knudson, JN Masaike, A Masuda, Y Matsuda, Y Mitchell, GE Penttila, SI Postma, H Roberson, NR Seestrom, SJ Sharapov, EI Shimizu, HM Stephenson, SL Yen, YF Yuan, VW Zanini, L AF Lowie, LY Bowman, JD Corvi, F Crawford, BE Delheij, PPJ Frankle, CM Iinuma, M Knudson, JN Masaike, A Masuda, Y Matsuda, Y Mitchell, GE Penttila, SI Postma, H Roberson, NR Seestrom, SJ Sharapov, EI Shimizu, HM Stephenson, SL Yen, YF Yuan, VW Zanini, L TI Parity violation in neutron resonances in (107,109)Ag SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND-NUCLEUS; NONCONSERVATION; SCATTERING; SYSTEM; TH-232; U-238 AB Parity nonconservation (PNC) was studied in p-wave resonances in Ag by measuring the helicity dependence of the neutron total cross section. Transmission measurements on natural Ag were performed in the energy range 32 to 422 eV with the time-of-flight method at the Manuel Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory. A total of 15 p-wave neutron resonances were studied in (107)Ag and nine p-wave resonances in (109)Ag. Statistically significant asymmetries were observed for eight resonances in (107)Ag and for four resonances in (109)Ag. An analysis treating the PNC matrix elements as random variables yields a weak spreading width of Gamma(w) =(2.67(-1.21)(+2.65))X10(-7) eV for (107)Ag and Gamma(w)=(1.30(-0.74)(+2.49))X10(-7)eV for (109)Ag. [S0556-2813(99)03102-7]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Geel, Belgium. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 60601, Japan. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Delft Univ Technol, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Lowie, LY (reprint author), McKinsey & Co Inc, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RI Matsuda, Yasuyuki/C-3007-2008 OI Matsuda, Yasuyuki/0000-0002-9847-3791 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1119 EP 1130 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1119 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600071 ER PT J AU Sharapov, EI Bowman, JD Crawford, BE Delheij, PPJ Frankle, CM Fukuda, K Iinuma, M Knudson, JN Lokitz, SJ Lowie, LY Masaike, A Masuda, Y Matsuda, Y Mitchell, GE Penttila, SI Postma, H Roberson, NR Seestrom, SJ Shimizu, HM Stephenson, SL Yen, YF Yuan, VW AF Sharapov, EI Bowman, JD Crawford, BE Delheij, PPJ Frankle, CM Fukuda, K Iinuma, M Knudson, JN Lokitz, SJ Lowie, LY Masaike, A Masuda, Y Matsuda, Y Mitchell, GE Penttila, SI Postma, H Roberson, NR Seestrom, SJ Shimizu, HM Stephenson, SL Yen, YF Yuan, VW TI Search for parity violation in Nb-93 neutron resonances SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NONCONSERVATION AB A new search has been performed for parity violation in the compound nuclear states of Nb-94 by measuring the helicity dependence of the neutron total cross section. Transmission measurements on a thick niobium target were performed by the time-of-flight method at the Manuel Lujan Neutron Scattering Center with a longitudinally polarized neutron beam in the energy range 32 to 1000 eV. A total of 18 p-wave resonances in Nb-93 were studied with none exhibiting a statistically significant parity-violating longitudinal asymmetry. An upper limit of 1.0x10(-7) eV (95% confidence level) was obtained for the weak spreading width Gamma(w) in Nb-93. [S0556-2813(99)03202-1]. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Meiji Coll Oriental Med, Kyoto, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 60601, Japan. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Delft Univ Technol, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. RP Sharapov, EI (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Matsuda, Yasuyuki/C-3007-2008 OI Matsuda, Yasuyuki/0000-0002-9847-3791 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1131 EP 1135 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1131 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600072 ER PT J AU Hartley, DJ Allen, JL Brown, TB Kondev, FG Pfohl, J Riley, MA Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Nisius, DT Fallon, P Ma, WC Simpson, J AF Hartley, DJ Allen, JL Brown, TB Kondev, FG Pfohl, J Riley, MA Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Nisius, DT Fallon, P Ma, WC Simpson, J TI Second proton and neutron alignments in the doubly-odd nuclei Tb-154,Tb-156 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; HIGH-SPIN; BAND; YRAST; SPECTROSCOPY AB High-spin states in the doubly-odd nuclei Tb-154,Tb-156 have been populated in two separate experiments using the S-36 + Sn-124 reaction at different beam energies (160 and 175 MeV). The yrast structures of both nuclei were extended to much higher spin (I less than or equal to 48h) than previously known and several quasiparticle alignments have been identified. These include the second neutron alignment and a clear delineation of the second proton crossing in Tb-156. Systematics of these crossings for odd-Z nuclei and comparisons with results of cranked shell model calculations are discussed. [S0556-2813(99)03302-6]. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. CLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RP Hartley, DJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1171 EP 1174 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1171 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600076 ER PT J AU Park, SH Kubono, S Hahn, KI Lee, CS Kim, JC Strasser, P Jeong, SC Tanaka, MH Lee, C Lee, JH Kato, S Miyachi, T Kawashima, H Utsunomiya, H Yasue, M Kurokawa, M Fuchi, Y Liu, X Abe, K Kumagai, K Smith, MS Parker, PD AF Park, SH Kubono, S Hahn, KI Lee, CS Kim, JC Strasser, P Jeong, SC Tanaka, MH Lee, C Lee, JH Kato, S Miyachi, T Kawashima, H Utsunomiya, H Yasue, M Kurokawa, M Fuchi, Y Liu, X Abe, K Kumagai, K Smith, MS Parker, PD TI High-resolution study of the Ne-18 excited states relevant to the hot CNO cycle SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB The Ne-20(p,r)Ne-18 reaction has been studied in order to investigate the properties of Ne-18 excited states. A missing 3(+) state of Ne-18, which could have a great influence on the F-17(p,gamma)Ne-18 reaction rate, was searched for, but the existence of this state was not clearly verified. The spins and parities of the 5.11- and 5.15-MeV states were assigned tentatively by angular distribution measurements, as 2(+) and 3(-), respectively. We were able to resolve the doublets at 4.5, 5.1, and 6.3 MeV clearly for the first time due to our high precision system, which allowed us to determine the widths of some critical states above the proton threshold of Ne-18 more precisely. [S0556-2813(99)06502-4]. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 188, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. KEK, IPNP Tanashi, Tokyo 188, Japan. Yamagata Univ, Dept Phys, Yamagata 990, Japan. Konan Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 658, Japan. Miyagi Univ Educ, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Yamagata Univ, Dept Phys, Yamagata 990, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Kurokawa, M (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RI Strasser, Patrick/D-8104-2013 OI Strasser, Patrick/0000-0002-2370-2166 NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1182 EP 1184 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1182 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600079 ER PT J AU Csoto, A Hale, GM AF Csoto, A Hale, GM TI Search for excited states in H-3 and He-3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; RESONANCE; NUCLEUS; SCATTERING; LI-10 AB The d+N systems are studied in a three-body model, using phenomenological N-N interactions. The scattering matrices are calculated by using the Kohn-Hulthen variational method. Then, they are analytically continued to complex energies and their singularities are localized. We find a virtual state at E = -1.66 MeV in H-3 and a pair of states at E = (-0.42 +/- i0.52) MeV in He-3 relative to the d + N thresholds, respectively. In addition, we discuss some general aspects and problems of virtual states which may be useful also in the study of other systems, like Li-10. [S0556-2813(99)04102-3]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Atom Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. RP Csoto, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1207 EP 1210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1207 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600086 ER PT J AU Lewis, R Hayes, AC AF Lewis, R Hayes, AC TI Deuteron stripping as a probe of the proton halo in F-17 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB The deuteron stripping reactions are presented as a method of determining particle distribution within possible halo nuclei. Distributions of the last proton in F-17 and the last neutron in O-17 are extracted from a comparison of experimental and theoretical reaction cross sections. It is found that the first excited state of F-17 is a proton halo state and that the halo behavior can be explained purely in terms of binding-energy effects. [S0556-2813(99)04802-5]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Lewis, R (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06529 USA. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1211 EP 1214 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1211 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 166KZ UT WOS:000078576600087 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, T Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, H Sinervo, P Singh, P Silwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, T Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, P de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, T Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, H Sinervo, P Singh, P Silwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, T Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, P de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the B-S(0) meson lifetime using semileptonic decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; CP-VIOLATION; COLLISIONS; HADRONS; SYSTEM AB The lifetime of the B-S(o) meson is measured using the semileptonic decay B-s(o)-->D(s)(-)l(+) nu X. The data sample consists of about 110 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV collected by the CDF detector at Fermilab. Four different D-s(-) decay modes are reconstructed resulting in approximately 600 D(s)(-)l(+) signal events. The B-s(o) meson lifetime is determined to be tau(B-s(o))=(1.36+/-0.09(-0.05)(+0.06))) ps, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The B-s(o) mason decay length distribution is examined far a lifetime difference Delta Gamma/Gamma between the two mass eigenstates of the B-s(o) mason. An upper limit of Delta Gamma/Gamma <0.83 is set at the 95% confidence level. [S0556-2821(99)01103-0]. C1 Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 558, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11530, Taiwan. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Abe, F (reprint author), Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 39 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 032004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.032004 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800008 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, EE Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, EE Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the B-d(0)-(B)over-bar(d)(0) flavor oscillation frequency and study of same side flavor tagging of B mesons in p(p)over-bar collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; LIFETIMES; B-0; COLLIDER; RATIOS; EVENTS AB B-d(0)-(B) over bar(d)(0) oscillations are observed in ''self-tagged'' samples of partially reconstructed B mesons decaying into a lepton and a charmed meson collected in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV. A flavor tagging technique is employed which relies upon the correlation between the flavor of B mesons and the charge of a nearby particle. We measure the flavor oscillation frequency to be Delta m(d) = 0.471 (+0.078)(-0.068) +/- 0.034 ps(-1). The tagging method is also demonstrated in exclusive samples of B-u(+) --> J/psi K+ and B-d(0)-->J/psi K-*0(892), where similar flavor-charge correlations are observed. The tagging characteristics of the various samples are compared with each other, and with Monte Carlo simulations. [S0556-2821(99)05901-9]. C1 Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11530, Taiwan. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Abe, F (reprint author), Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052 NR 59 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 032001 PG 41 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800005 ER PT J AU Bar-Shalom, S Eilam, G Wudka, J Soni, A AF Bar-Shalom, S Eilam, G Wudka, J Soni, A TI R-parity violation and uses of the rare decay (nu)over-tilde ->gamma gamma in hadron and photon colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRY; SIGNATURES; RESONANCE; BREAKING; SEARCH; PARTON; MODEL; LEP AB We consider implications of the loop process <(nu)over tilde>-->gamma gamma in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity violation (R-p) for future experiments, where the sneutrino is produced as the only supersymmetric particle. We present a scenario for the R-p couplings, where this clean decay, although rare with Br(<(nu)over tilde>-->gamma gamma) similar to 10(-6), may be useful for sneutrino detection over a range of sneutrino masses at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Furthermore, the new <(nu)over tilde>gamma gamma effective coupling may induce detectable sneutrino resonant production in gamma gamma collisions, over a considerably wide mass range. We compare <(nu)over tilde>-->gamma gamma, gg throughout the paper with the analogous yet quantitatively very different, Higgs boson -->gamma gamma, gg decays and comment on the loop processes <(nu)over tilde>--> WW, ZZ. [S0556-2821(99)06701-6]. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 035010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.035010 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800049 ER PT J AU Dobado, A Pelaez, JR AF Dobado, A Pelaez, JR TI Chiral symmetry and the pion gas virial expansion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PHASE-TRANSITION; QCD; CORRELATORS; MESONS AB In this work we study the thermodynamic properties of the pion gas starting from the realistic elastic scattering phase shifts obtained from chiral perturbation theory and using the virial expansion. In particular we study the equation of state and the behavior of the quark condensate as a function of the temperature and the density. [S0556-2821(99)07801-7]. C1 Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Dobado, A (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM dobado@eucmax.sim.ucm.es; pelaez@slac.stanford.edu RI Pelaez, Jose/K-9767-2014 OI Pelaez, Jose/0000-0003-0737-4681 NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 034004 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800013 ER PT J AU Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Bishai, M Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Azfar, F Efimov, A Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V McLean, KW Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Bliss, DW Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Beger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Patton, S Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, K Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ AF Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Bishai, M Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Azfar, F Efimov, A Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V McLean, KW Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Bliss, DW Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Beger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Patton, S Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, K Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ TI Measurement of the mass splittings between the b(b)over-bar chi(b,J)(1P) states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHI-B STATES; RADIATIVE DECAYS; UPSILON 2S; SPECTROSCOPY; MODEL AB We present new measurements of photon energies and branching fractions for the radiative transitions Y(2S) --> gamma chi(b(J=0,1,2))(1P). The masses of the chi(b) states are determined from the measured radiative photon energies. The ratio of mass splittings between the chi(b) substates, r=(M-J=2-M-J=1)/(M-J=1 - M-J=0), with M the chi(b) mass, provides information on the nature of the b (b) over bar confining potential. We find r(1P)=0.542 +/- 0.022+/-0.024. This value is somewhat lower than the previous world average, but more consistent with the theoretical expectation that r(1P)< r(2P); i.e., that this mass splitting ratio is smaller for the chi(b)(1P) States than for the chi(b)(2P) states. [S0556-2821(99)02903-3]. C1 Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Ottawa, ON, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. BINP, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Edwards, KW (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 032003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.032003 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800007 ER PT J AU Graesser, M AF Graesser, M TI Getting the supersymmetric unification scale from quantum confinement with chiral symmetry breaking SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GRAND UNIFICATION; LEPTON MASSES; PROTON DECAY; SO(10); PARTICLES; SU(5); PREDICTIONS; HIERARCHY; MODELS; FLAVOR AB Two models which generate the supersymmetric grand unification scale from the strong dynamics of an additional gauge group are presented. The particle content is chosen such that this group confines with chiral symmetry breaking. Fields that are usually introduced to break the grand unified group appear instead as composite degrees of freedom and can acquire vacuum expectation values due to the confining dynamics. The models implement known solutions to the doublet-triplet splitting problem. The SO(10) model only requires one higher dimensional representation, an adjoint. The dangerous colored Higgsino-mediated proton decay operator is naturally suppressed in this model to a phenomenologically interesting level. Neither model requires the presence of gauge singlets. Both models are only technically natural. [S0556-2821(99)05801-4]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Graesser, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM graesser@thsrv.lbl.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 035007 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800046 ER PT J AU Isgur, N AF Isgur, N TI Valence quark spin distribution functions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; MODEL CALCULATION; NEUTRON; PROTON; DEPENDENCE; DEUTERON; RATIO AB The hyperfine interactions of the constituent quark model provide a natural explanation for many nucleon properties, including the Delta-N splitting, the charge radius of the neutron, and the observation that the proton's quark distribution function ratio d(x)/u(x)-->0 as x-->1. The hyperfine-perturbed quark model also makes predictions for the nucleon spin-dependent distribution functions. Precision measurements of the resulting asymmetries A(1)(p)(x) and A(1)(n)(x) in the valence region can test this model and thereby the hypothesis that the valence quark spin distributions are ''normal." [S056-2821(99)01503-9]. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 45 TC 126 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 034013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.034013 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800022 ER PT J AU Jalilian-Marian, J Kovner, A Leonidov, A Weigert, H AF Jalilian-Marian, J Kovner, A Leonidov, A Weigert, H TI Unitarization of gluon distribution in the doubly logarithmic regime at high density SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD; BEHAVIOR; EQUATION AB We analyze the general nonlinear evolution equations for multigluon correlators derived in a previous paper by restricting ourselves to a double logarithmic region. In this region our evolution equation becomes local in transverse momentum space and amenable to simple analysis. It provides a complete nonlinear generalization of the Gribov-Levin-Ryskin equation. We find that the full double log evolution at high density becomes strikingly different from its linear doubly logarithmic Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Alterelli-Parisi counterpart. An effective mass is induced by the nonlinear corrections which at high densities slows down the evolution considerably. We show that at small values of impact parameter the gluonic density grows as a logarithm of energy. At higher values of impact parameter the growth is faster, since the density of gluons is lower and nonlinearities are less important. [S0556-2821(99)02003-2]. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Nucl Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Dept Theoret Phys, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Minnesota, Inst Theoret Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, HEP, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Jalilian-Marian, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Nucl Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013 NR 27 TC 265 Z9 265 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 034007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.034007 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800016 ER PT J AU Martin, SP Wells, JD AF Martin, SP Wells, JD TI Cornering gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with quasistable sleptons at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY SUPERSYMMETRY; HEAVY CHARGED-PARTICLES; LIGHT GRAVITINO; E+E ANNIHILATION; SEARCH; COLLIDERS; SIGNALS; MODELS; SCALE; TECHNICOLOR AB There are many theoretical reasons why heavy quasistable charged particles might exist. Pair production of such particles at the Fermilab Tevatron can produce highly ionizing tracks or fake muons. In gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, sparticle production can lead to events with a pair of quasistable sleptons, a significant fraction of which will have the same electric charge. Depending on the production mechanism and the decay chain, they may also be accompanied by additional energetic leptons. We study the relative importance of the resulting signals for the Tevatron run II. The relative fraction of same-sign tracks to other background-free signals is an important diagnostic tool in gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking that may provide information about mass splittings, tan beta, and the number of messengers communicating supersymmetry breaking. [S0556-2821(99)06301-8]. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Martin, SP (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 46 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 035008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.035008 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800047 ER PT J AU Naples, D Romosan, A Arroyo, CG de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bazarko, AO Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Budd, H Conrad, J Drucker, RB Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH King, BJ Kinnel, T Lamm, MJ Lefmann, WC Marsh, W McFarland, KS McNulty, C Mishra, SR Quintas, PZ Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Sciulli, FJ Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Smith, WH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J AF Naples, D Romosan, A Arroyo, CG de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bazarko, AO Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Budd, H Conrad, J Drucker, RB Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH King, BJ Kinnel, T Lamm, MJ Lefmann, WC Marsh, W McFarland, KS McNulty, C Mishra, SR Quintas, PZ Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Sciulli, FJ Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Smith, WH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J TI High statistics search for upsilon(e)((upsilon)over-bar(e))->upsilon(tau)((upsilon)over-bar(tau)) oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-POWER-REACTOR; NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; MIXING ANGLE; SCATTERING; LIMITS AB We present new limits on nu(e)(<(nu)over bar>(e)) --> nu(tau)(<(nu)over bar>(tau)) and nu(e)(<(nu)over bar>(e)) --> nu(s) oscillations by searching for nu(e) disappearance in the high-energy wideband CCFR neutrino beam. Sensitivity to nu(tau) appearance comes from tau decay modes in which a large fraction of the energy deposited is electromagnetic. The beam is composed primarily of nu(mu)(<(nu)over bar>(mu)), but this analysis uses the 2.3% nu(e)(<(nu)over bar>(e)) component of the beam. Electron neutrino energies range from 30 to 600 GeV and flight lengths vary from 0.9 to 1.4 km. This limit improves the sensitivity of existing limits for nu(e) --> nu(tau) at high Delta m(2) and obtains a lowest 90% confidence upper limit in sin(2) 2 alpha of 9.9 x 10(-2) at Delta m(2)similar to 125 eV(2). [S0556-2821(99)50103-3]. C1 Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Naples, D (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 031101 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800001 ER PT J AU Page, PR Swanson, ES Szczepaniak, AP AF Page, PR Swanson, ES Szczepaniak, AP TI Hybrid meson decay phenomenology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FLUX-TUBE BREAKING; CHIRAL SYMMETRY; QUARK-MODEL; 18 GEV/C; QCD; POTENTIALS; LATTICE; HADRONS AB The phenomenology of a newly formulated model of hybrid meson decay is developed. The decay mechanism is based on the heavy quark expansion of QCD and the strong coupling flux tube picture of nonperturbative glue. A comprehensive list of partial decay widths of a wide variety of light, s (s) over bar; c (c) over bar, and b (b) over bar hybrid mesons is presented. Results which appear approximately universal are highlighted along with those which distinguish different hybrid decay models. Finally, we examine several interesting hybrid candidates in detail. [S0556-2821(99)01105-4]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Page, Philip/L-1885-2015 OI Page, Philip/0000-0002-2201-6703 NR 58 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 034016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.034016 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800025 ER PT J AU Szczepaniak, AP Radyushkin, A AF Szczepaniak, AP Radyushkin, A TI Sudakov suppression in the soft heavy to light meson transition form factor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; B-DECAYS; QCD; B->PI; PI AB We calculate the hard gluon contribution to the decay vertex that determines the heavy-to-light meson transition form factor at large recoil. It is found that the resulting Sudakov suppression significantly decreases the soft, wave function dependent contribution to the form factor. The phenomenological implications of these findings are discussed. [S0556-2821(99)04101-6]. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 AR 034017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.59.034017 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 166PV UT WOS:000078586800026 ER PT J AU Hoover, WG Posch, HA AF Hoover, WG Posch, HA TI Entropy increase in confined free expansions via molecular dynamics and smooth-particle applied mechanics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB The eventual entropy increase of an ideal gas undergoing free expansion, Delta S=k ln(V-fin/V-0), requires a "coarse-grained" hydrodynamic description because Gibbs' fine-grained entropy is unchanged in such a process. Smooth particle applied mechanics (SPAM) is well suited to the simulation and study of such problems because the particles in SPAM simulations can be of any size, from microscopic to macroscopic. SPAM furnishes a natural interpolation, or bridge, linking microscopic molecular dynamics to macroscopic continuum mechanics. We analyze particle-based simulations of ideal-gas free expansions from both the microscopic and the macroscopic points of view, comparing several dynamical estimates for the time development of the system entropy. Most of the entropy increase occurs rapidly, within a single sound traversal time. A local comoving version of turbulent hidrodynamics provides the most useful viewpoint for describing Bows of this kind. [S1063-651X(99)07402-4]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hoover, WG (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 1770 EP 1776 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.1770 PN A PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 169ZF UT WOS:000078779500063 ER PT J AU Winske, D Murillo, MS Rosenberg, M AF Winske, D Murillo, MS Rosenberg, M TI Numerical simulation of dust-acoustic waves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PLASMA CRYSTALS; INSTABILITY; PARTICLES; LIQUIDS; SYSTEM; MODEL AB We use molecular dynamics (MD) and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation methods, in which dust grains are treated as discrete particles and the background plasma is included in the potential shielding (MD) eras a Boltzmann fluid (PIC), to investigate dust-acoustic waves in a one-dimensional, strongly coupled (with the Coulomb coupling parameter Gamma equal to the ratio of the Coulomb energy to the thermal energy, which is greater than 1) dusty plasma. We study cases both where the dust is represented by a small number of simulation particles that form into a regular array structure at large Gamma (crystal limit) and where the dust is represented by a much larger number of particles (fluid limit). We show that the measured frequency for dust acoustic waves satisfies either a fluidlike dispersion relation or a lattice wavelike dispersion relation, depending on Gamma and the number of simulation particles. Other PIC simulations, either with plasma ions represented as particles rather than as a Boltzmann fluid or with collisions between the dust and the background gas, have also been carried out and shown to agree with theoretical predictions. Numerical issues associated with smoothing of the accumulated charge density in PIC simulations have also been addressed; smoothing is shown to affect wave dispersion at high wave numbers in the fluid limit and low wave numbers in the crystal Limit. [S1063-651X(99)01602-5]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 2263 EP 2272 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.2263 PN B PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 169ZH UT WOS:000078779700041 ER PT J AU Hadjicostantinou, NG AF Hadjicostantinou, NG TI Combining atomistic and continuum simulations of contact-line motion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SOLID-SURFACES; MENISCUS; DYNAMICS; LIQUIDS; SYSTEMS; SHAPE; FLOW AB In this paper we show that molecular dynamics simulation results for contact-line motion can be accurately reproduced by fully continuum simulations. The problem considered is flow of two immiscible fluids in a two-dimensional channel. Molecular dynamics is used to capture correctly the contact-line dynamics from basic principles. Continuum boundary conditions are extracted from the molecular solution in the vicinity of the contact point where the classical hydrodynamic theory fails. Finite element simulations of the same problem subject to these boundary conditions accurately reproduce the molecular results. C1 MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hadjicostantinou, NG (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-228, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 2475 EP 2478 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.2475 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 169ZH UT WOS:000078779700072 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS Vinokur, VM AF Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS Vinokur, VM TI Hexagons and interfaces in a vibrated granular layer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PATTERN-FORMATION; WAVE PATTERNS AB The order parameter model based on the parametric Ginzburg-Landau equation is used to describe high acceleration patterns in the vibrated layer of granular material. At large amplitude of driving both hexagons and interfaces emerge. Transverse instability, leading to the formation of "decorated" interfaces and labyrinthine patterns, is found. Additional subharmonic forcing leads to controlled interface motion. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP R1327 EP R1330 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.R1327 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 169ZF UT WOS:000078779500011 ER PT J AU Moro, E Lythe, G AF Moro, E Lythe, G TI Dynamics of defect formation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS; DELAYED BIFURCATIONS; SUPERFLUID HE-3; NOISE; PARAMETER; QUENCH; LIQUID-HE-4; KINKS AB A dynamic symmetry-breaking transition with noise and inertia is analyzed. Exact solution of the linearized equation that describes the critical region allows precise calculation (exponent and prefactor) of the number of defects produced as a function of the rate of increase of the critical parameter. The procedure is valid in both the overdamped and underdamped limits. In one space dimension, we perform quantitative comparison with numerical simulations of the nonlinear nonautonomous stochastic partial differential equation and report on signatures of underdamped dynamics. [S1063-651X(99)51202-6]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Matemat, E-28911 Madrid, Spain. Univ Carlos III Madrid, Grp Interdisciplinar Sistemas Complicados, E-28911 Madrid, Spain. RP Moro, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM emoro@math.uc3m.es; grant@lanl.gov NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP R1303 EP R1306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.R1303 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 169ZF UT WOS:000078779500005 ER PT J AU Chang, D Keung, WY Pilaftsis, A AF Chang, D Keung, WY Pilaftsis, A TI New two-loop contribution to electric dipole moments in supersymmetric theories SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CP VIOLATION; STANDARD MODEL; W-BOSON; NEUTRON; SUPERGRAVITY; PHYSICS; PHASES AB We calculate a new type of two-loop contribution to the electric dipole moments of the electron and neutron in supersymmetric theories. The new contributions are originated from the potential CP violation in the trilinear couplings of the Higgs bosons to the scalar-top or the scalar-bottom quarks. These couplings did not receive stringent constraints directly. The electric dipole moments are induced through a mechanism analogous to that due to Barr and Zee [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 21 (1990)]. We find observable effects for a sizable portion of the parameter space related to the third generation scalar quarks in the minimal supersymmetric standard model which cannot be excluded by earlier considerations. C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, NCTS, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Chang, D (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, NCTS, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan. NR 37 TC 254 Z9 254 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 5 BP 900 EP 903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.900 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 163PA UT WOS:000078412900008 ER PT J AU Ruskov, E Bell, M Budny, RV McCune, DC Medley, SS Redi, MH Scott, S Synakowski, EJ von Goeler, S White, RB Zweben, SJ AF Ruskov, E Bell, M Budny, RV McCune, DC Medley, SS Redi, MH Scott, S Synakowski, EJ von Goeler, S White, RB Zweben, SJ TI Anomalous beam-ion loss in TFTR reversed magnetic shear plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; MULTICHANNEL NEUTRON COLLIMATOR; ENHANCED CONFINEMENT; ADVANCED TOKAMAK; PERFORMANCE; DIFFUSION; DISCHARGES; PARTICLES; TRANSPORT; STABILITY AB Anomalous beam-ion loss has been observed in an experiment with short tritium beam pulses injected into deuterium-beam-heated Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor plasmas (P-NBI = 15 MW) With reversed magnetic shear (RS). Comparisons of the measured total 14 MeV neutron emission, the neutron flux along eight radial locations, and the perpendicular plasma stored energy with predictions from an extensive set of TRANSP simulations suggest that about 40% beam power is lost on a time scale much shorter than the tritium beam pulse length Delta t = 70 ms. In contrast with recent results [K. Tobita et nl., Nucl. Fusion 37, 1583 (1997)] from RS experiments at JT-60U, we were not able to show conclusively that magnetic field ripple is responsible for this anomaly. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ruskov, E (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 5 BP 924 EP 927 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.924 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 163PA UT WOS:000078412900014 ER PT J AU Sanbonmatsu, KY Vu, HX DuBois, DF Bezzerides, B AF Sanbonmatsu, KY Vu, HX DuBois, DF Bezzerides, B TI New paradigm for the self-consistent modeling of wave-particle and wave-wave interactions in the saturation of electromagnetically driven parametric instabilities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRONG LANGMUIR TURBULENCE; IONOSPHERE; SPECTRA AB We introduce two new and complementary simulation models, which have domains of quantitative agreement, for the self-consistent evolution of the electron distribution, Langmuir decay cascades, and Langmuir collapse. In our reduced-description particle-in-cell (RPIC) simulations, Langmuir decay cascades and cycles of collapse are seen for the first time in particle simulation. The velocity distribution in our Zakharov model is evolved using quasilinear diffusion plus Cerenkov emission loss and agrees in expected domains with the RPIC results. These techniques promise to solve long known problems in the standard simulations of laser-plasma instabilities. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sanbonmatsu, KY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 5 BP 932 EP 935 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.932 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 163PA UT WOS:000078412900016 ER PT J AU Morozov, N Maley, MP Bulaevskii, LN Thorsmolle, V Koshelev, AE Petrean, A Kwok, WK AF Morozov, N Maley, MP Bulaevskii, LN Thorsmolle, V Koshelev, AE Petrean, A Kwok, WK TI Structure of vortex liquid phase in irradiated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-delta crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; JOSEPHSON PLASMA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; FIELD; EXCITATION AB The c-axis resistivity in irradiated and in pristine Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-delta crystals is measured as a function of the in-plane magnetic field component at fixed out-of-plane component B-perpendicular to in the vortex liquid phase at T = 67 K. From this data we extract the dependence of the phase difference correlation length inside layers on B-perpendicular to and estimate the average length of the vortex Line segments confined inside columnar defects as a function of the filling factor f = B-perpendicular to/B-Phi. The maximum length, about 15 interlayer distances, is reached near f approximate to 0.35. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Morozov, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1008 EP 1011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1008 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 163PA UT WOS:000078412900035 ER PT J AU Huang, MX Mosher, JC Leahy, RM AF Huang, MX Mosher, JC Leahy, RM TI A sensor-weighted overlapping-sphere head model and exhaustive head model comparison for MEG SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOCALIZATION; EEG AB The spherical head model has been used in magnetoencephalography (MEG) as a simple forward model for calculating the external magnetic fields resulting from neural activity. For more realistic head shapes, the boundary element method (BEM) or similar numerical methods are used, but at greatly increased computational cost. We introduce a sensor-weighted overlapping-sphere (OS) head model for rapid calculation of more realistic head shapes. The volume currents associated with primary neural activity are used to fit spherical head models for each individual MEG sensor such that the head is more realistically modelled as a set of overlapping spheres, rather than a single sphere. To assist in the evaluation of this OS model with BEM and other head models, we also introduce a novel comparison technique that is based on a generalized eigenvalue decomposition and accounts for the presence of noise in the MEG data. With this technique we can examine the worst possible errors for thousands of dipole locations in a realistic brain volume. We test the traditional single-sphere model, three-shell and single-shell BEM, and the new OS model. The results show that the OS model has accuracy similar to the BEM but is orders of magnitude faster to compute. C1 New Mexico Reg Fed Med Ctr, Neuroimaging Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ So Calif, Inst Signal & Image Proc, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Huang, MX (reprint author), New Mexico Reg Fed Med Ctr, Neuroimaging Ctr, Bldg 49 114M,1501 San Pedro Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [R01-EY08610-04]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH53213] NR 18 TC 211 Z9 215 U1 3 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 44 IS 2 BP 423 EP 440 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/44/2/010 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 166JZ UT WOS:000078573600010 PM 10070792 ER PT J AU Furuya, K Milonni, PW Steinberg, AM Wolinsky, M AF Furuya, K Milonni, PW Steinberg, AM Wolinsky, M TI Failure of a proposed superluminal scheme SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CONJUGATE MIRROR; QUANTUM NOISE; REFLECTION; CANNOT AB We consider a "superluminal quantum Morse telegraph", recently proposed by Garuccio, involving a polarization-correlated photon pair and a Michelson interferometer in which one of the mirrors is replaced by a phase-conjugating mirror (PCM). Superluminal information transfer in this scheme is precluded by the impossibility of distinguishing between unpolarized photons prepared by mixing linear polarization states or by mixing circular polarization states. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Furuya, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Steinberg, Aephraim/C-3226-2008; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 251 IS 5 BP 294 EP 296 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(98)00872-X PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 164BA UT WOS:000078441000002 ER PT J AU Bdzil, JB Menikoff, R Son, SF Kapila, AK Stewart, DS AF Bdzil, JB Menikoff, R Son, SF Kapila, AK Stewart, DS TI Two-phase modeling of deflagration-to-detonation transition in granular materials: A critical examination of modeling issues SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID 2-PHASE DETONATION; CONTINUUM THEORIES; POROUS MATERIALS; MIXTURE THEORY; EXPLOSIVES; COMPACTION; FLOW; DDT AB The two-phase mixture model developed by Baer and Nunziato (BN) to study the deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in granular explosives is critically reviewed. The continuum-mixture theory foundation of the model is examined, with particular attention paid to the manner in which its constitutive functions are formulated. Connections between the mechanical and energetic phenomena occurring at the scales of the grains, and their manifestations on the continuum averaged scale, are explored. The nature and extent of approximations inherent in formulating the constitutive terms, and their domain of applicability, are clarified. Deficiencies and inconsistencies in the derivation are cited, and improvements suggested. It is emphasized that the entropy inequality constrains but does not uniquely determine the phase interaction terms. The resulting flexibility is exploited to suggest improved forms for the phase interactions. These improved forms better treat the energy associated with the dynamic compaction of the bed and the single-phase limits of the model. Companion papers of this study [Kapila et al., Phys. Fluids 9, 3885 (1997); Kapila et al., in preparation; Son et al., in preparation] examine simpler, reduced models, in which the fine scales of velocity and pressure disequilibrium between the phases allow the corresponding relaxation zones to be treated as discontinuities that need not be resolved in a numerical computation. [S1070-6631(99)02002-4]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bdzil, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Son, Steven/0000-0001-7498-2922 NR 52 TC 108 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP 378 EP 402 DI 10.1063/1.869887 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 159HR UT WOS:000078167000015 ER PT J AU Bates, JW Montgomery, DC AF Bates, JW Montgomery, DC TI Some numerical studies of exotic shock wave behavior SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT; LIQUID DEUTERIUM; STABILITY; EQUATION; EMISSION; HYDROGEN; GASES AB For shock waves propagating in materials with nonideal equations of state, a variety of nonstandard phenomena can occur. Here, we present numerical studies of two such exotic shock effects: (i) ''anomalous'' behavior, in the terminology of Zel'dovich and Raizer; and (ii) a search for ''acoustic emission instabilities." The motivation is in part the possibility of such phenomena in the implosion of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) pellet materials, whose equations of state are currently far from well known. In shock wave theory, anomalous materials are those whose isentropes have regions of negative curvature (in the plane of pressure versus specific volume) through which the shock adiabatic passes. The existence of such regions is significant because they can interfere with the steepening of compressive pulses into shocks, lead to the formation of rarefactive shock waves, and even cause shocks to "split." A van der Waals fluid with a large heat capacity is one example of a material possessing such anomalous properties. Acoustic emission instability-the second exotic shock mechanism considered-may occur when the slope of the shock adiabatic lies below a critical value. In this phenomenon, perturbations of a two-dimensional planar shock front can render it unstable, and lead to the downstream emission of acoustic waves. In addition to the van der Waals fluid, an equilibrium dissociation model for strong shocks in diatomic hydrogen is shown to fulfill the theoretical criteria for this instability, but its numerical verification has been hard to achieve, suggesting that further study is needed. Both classes of phenomena may be expected to play a role in ICF compression scenarios. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-6631(99)01402-6]. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrodynam Methods Grp XHM, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, MS D413, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP 462 EP 475 DI 10.1063/1.869862 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 159HR UT WOS:000078167000022 ER PT J AU Rose, HA AF Rose, HA TI A test-bed for Langmuir wave turbulence modeling of stimulated Raman backscatter SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Stimulated Raman. backscatter (SRS) may incorporate several, qualitatively different regimes of Langmuir wave dynamics, as it grows convectively in space. These typically include a strictly linear regime at the far end of the plasma from the laser, where SRS comes up from thermal Langmuir wave fluctuations; which may progress to a regime where the primary SRS daughter Langmuir wave is unstable to the Langmuir wave decay instability (LDI); and perhaps to a regime of strong Langmuir wave turbulence (SLT). The accurate description of the spatial transition between these regimes, which may involve large Langmair wave correlation lengths, is a great challenge for turbulence modeling. In this paper a highly idealized model of SRS in periodic geometry is introduced which allows for the presence of a unique Langmuir wave regime for a given set of physical parameters, and therefore presents the minimal challenge for a turbulence model. One- and two-dimensional simulations of this SRS model, which allows for LDI and SLT as described by Zakharov's model of nonlinear Langmuir wave dynamics, are compared with the predictions of a recently introduced turbulence model, and quantitative agreement is obtained, without the use of any ad hoc parameters, for the SRS reflectivity and correlation length, and Langmuir and acoustic wave energy densities, over an order of magnitude variation of SRS growth rate and ion acoustic damping rate. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)01402-0]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rose, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 476 EP 484 DI 10.1063/1.873214 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800007 ER PT J AU Carreras, BA Newman, DE van Milligen, BP Hidalgo, C AF Carreras, BA Newman, DE van Milligen, BP Hidalgo, C TI Long-range time dependence in the cross-correlation function SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; FRACTAL DIMENSION; AVALANCHES; SERIES AB Detection of a long-range time dependence in the radial cross-correlation function is normally difficult because of the oscillatory behavior of the cross-correlation tail, its low level of coherence, and noise contamination. This problem persists, even with large statistical samples. In this paper, a method for investigating long-range dependence in a single time series is extended to the calculation of the cross-correlation function. With this method and for time series with long-range time correlations, the accuracy of the determination of the cross-correlation function for long time lags is improved. The method is tested by applying it to fractional Gaussian noise and to the fluxes in a running sandpile model. This analysis technique can be applied to the detection of avalanche-type transport in magnetic confinement devices. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)02402-7]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Asociac Euratom Ciemat, Madrid 28040, Spain. RP Carreras, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI van Milligen, Boudewijn/H-5121-2015 OI van Milligen, Boudewijn/0000-0001-5344-6274 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 485 EP 494 DI 10.1063/1.873192 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800008 ER PT J AU Isler, RC Brooks, NH West, WP Leonard, AW McKee, GR Porter, GD AF Isler, RC Brooks, NH West, WP Leonard, AW McKee, GR Porter, GD TI Spectroscopic analysis of normal and reversed ion flows in the DIII-D divertor SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; RECOMBINATION; TRANSPORT; PLASMA AB Flow velocities of C+, C2+, B+, and D+ parallel to the magnetic field in the DIII-D [J. Luxon, P. Anderson, F. Batty et al., Plasma Physics Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference, Tokyo, 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159] divertor have been measured from Doppler shifts of spectral lines. In general, both normal flows (toward the target plate) and reversed flows (away from the target plate) are observed in the outer scrape-off layer with the reversed flows occurring near the separatrix. Following the transition from attached to partially detached conditions, normal flow velocities generally speed up while in some regions reversed flows are observed to slow down. In high density plasmas, deuteron velocities are reflected in Balmer line emission which originates mainly from atoms which have thermalized by charge exchange or which have been formed by recombination. Low-temperature areas of nearly stagnated deuteron flow have been observed. In these regions recombination should be efficient for neutralizing the divertor plasma. (C) 1999: American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)01102-7]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 95540 USA. RP Isler, RC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Isler, Ralph/0000-0002-5368-7200 NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.1063/1.873198 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800014 ER PT J AU Hinkel, DE Berger, RL Williams, EA Langdon, AB Still, CH Lasinski, BF AF Hinkel, DE Berger, RL Williams, EA Langdon, AB Still, CH Lasinski, BF TI Stimulated Brillouin backscatter in the presence of transverse plasma flow SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER-BEAM DEFLECTION; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; LIGHT; SCATTERING AB Three-dimensional simulations show that stimulated Brillouin backscattered (SBS) light can be deflected in a direction opposite to transverse plasma flow. When the backscatter gain occurs predominantly in the region beyond where the incident light is deflected by transverse flow, and when the backscatter gain from the deflected incident light region Is detuned from the undeflected incident light region by axial flow gradients, the SBS deflection correlates well with the steering of the incident beam. The level of Brillouin backscatter gain in the presence of transverse flow is less than that in the absence of transverse flow because of convective damping, where ion acoustic waves are swept out of the high intensity regions(s) of a beam. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)01202-1]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hinkel, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 571 EP 581 DI 10.1063/1.873202 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800018 ER PT J AU Shvets, G Li, X AF Shvets, G Li, X TI Theory of laser wakes in plasma channels SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLD INHOMOGENEOUS PLASMA; ELECTROSTATIC OSCILLATIONS; EQUATION APPROACH; WAVE-GUIDE; PULSES; FIELD; ACCELERATION; DRIVEN; BEAMS AB Excitation of accelerating modes in transversely inhomogeneous plasma channels is considered as an initial value problem. Discrete eigenmodes are supported by plasma channels with sharp density gradients. These eigenmodes are collisionlessly damped as the gradients are smoothed. Using collisionless Landau damping as the analogy, the existence and damping of these "quasi-modes" is studied by constructing and analytically continuing the causal Green's function of wake excitation into the lower half of the complex frequency plane. Electromagnetic nature of the plasma wakes in the channel makes their excitation nonlocal. This results in the algebraic decay of the fields with time due to phase-mixing of plasma oscillations with spatially-varying frequencies. Characteristic decay rate is given by the mixing time tau(m), which corresponds to the dephasing of two plasma fluid elements separated by the collisionless skin depth. For wide channels analytic expressions for the field evolution are derived. Implications for electron acceleration in plasma channels are discussed. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)00902-7]. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Shvets, G (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 591 EP 602 DI 10.1063/1.873204 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800020 ER PT J AU Lemke, RW Genoni, TC Spencer, TA AF Lemke, RW Genoni, TC Spencer, TA TI Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation study of a relativistic magnetron SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB The A6 (six cavity) magnetron operated at relativistic voltages is investigated using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. Previous experiments [A. Palevsky and G. Bekefi, Phys. Fluids 22, 986 (1979)] are repeated numerically for the purpose of ascertaining fidelity of code results in addition to obtaining insight into magnetron operation at high voltage. Simulations produce all qualitative behavior observed in experiments, with good quantitative agreement in most cases. This numerical study also reveals details concerning mode control, the cause and prevention of leakage current, and voltage scaling in the A6. It is shown that: (1) leakage current substantially reduces efficiency, (2) elimination of leakage current using cathode endcaps substantially increases efficiency, and (3) the functional dependence of operating voltage on applied magnetic field may depart from conventional scaling at very high voltage. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)01902-3]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Lemke, RW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 603 EP 613 DI 10.1063/1.873205 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800021 ER PT J AU Gorelenkov, NN Chen, Y Berk, HL AF Gorelenkov, NN Chen, Y Berk, HL TI Saturation of alpha particle driven instability in Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ALFVEN; MODE AB A nonlinear theory of kinetic instabilities near threshold [Berk et al., Plasma Phys. Rep. 23, 842 (1997)] is applied to calculate the saturation level of toroidicity-induced Alfven eigenmodes (TAE), and to be compared with the predictions of Sf method calculations (Y. Chen, Ph.D. thesis, Princeton University, 1998). Good agreement is observed between the predictions of both methods and the predicted saturation levels are comparable to experimentally measured amplitudes of the TAE oscillations in Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)]. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(99)02102-3]. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. TRINITI, Troitsk 142092, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Gorelenkov, NN (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 629 EP 632 DI 10.1063/1.873216 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 159MF UT WOS:000078176800026 ER PT J AU Wilson, WJ Dillard, HR AF Wilson, WJ Dillard, HR TI Assessment of phenotypic variability in Erwinia stewartii based on metabolic profiles SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SWEET CORN; BACTERIAL AB One hundred twenty-four bacterial isolates originating from sweet corn or corn flea beetles in the northeastern, midwestern, and mid-Atlantic United States were verified as Erwinia stewartii (Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii) and characterized phenotypically by their respiratory response to 91 carbon sources. The unweighted pair group method of averages (UPGMA) was used to construct a dendrogram that revealed homogeneous metabolic profiles at 93% similarity. live-thirds of the isolates formed 18 separate groups, each sharing the same metabolic profile. One-third of the isolates had distinct metabolic profiles. Most groups shared either isolation source, geographical location, and/or year of isolation. Members of some groups persisted through time and had been isolated from diverse geographical locations. Four representative strains of the proposed Pantoea stewartii subsp. indologenes were also characterized; their metabolic profiles were most similar to those of Erwinia herbicola (Pantoea agglomerans). C1 Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wilson, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-452,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wilson69@llnl.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 83 IS 2 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.2.114 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 160MH UT WOS:000078234100004 ER PT J AU Rosmej, FB Reiter, D Lisitsa, VS Bitter, M Herzog, O Bertschinger, G Kunze, HJ AF Rosmej, FB Reiter, D Lisitsa, VS Bitter, M Herzog, O Bertschinger, G Kunze, HJ TI Influence of charge-exchange processes on x-ray spectra in TEXTOR tokamak plasmas: experimental and theoretical investigation SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID ALCATOR-C TOKAMAK; HELIUMLIKE ARGON; GROUND-STATE; SPECTROMETER; TRANSITIONS; RADIATION; IONS; TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT; PROFILES AB Time-resolved high-resolution soft x-ray spectra from gas-puff injected Ar impurity ions have been investigated for neutral beam heated and ohmically heated discharges in the TEXTOR tokamak. The experimental spectra show systematic deviations from corona model calculations for the line intensities of the forbidden He-like lines x, y, z and the Li- and Be-like dielectronic satellite spectra: theoretical corona model calculations predict intensities significantly too low. High-intensity Li-like inner-shell excited satellites correlate with the neutral beam injection. The discrepancies could also be observed in the stationary phase of an inductively heated discharge; In the heating phase the discrepancies are even larger We propose charge-exchange processes between the neutral atoms and the impurity ions as an explanation of the experimental findings. Good agreement with the experimental observations can then be obtained without the need for invoking large (anomalous) diffusion coefficients. A self-consistent coupling of the population kinetics of the neutrals and the impurity ions, also taking into account charge-exchange processes from excited states of hydrogen/deuterium permit the determination of the neutral fraction and of the electron lifetime on the sole basis of impurity spectra analysis. Independent Monte Carlo simulations of neutral gas transport also provides the ionization degree in the centre and the electron lifetime. These calculations are also in good agreement with the spectroscopic results. C1 Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 5, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Plasmaphys, EURATOM Assoc,Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. IV Kurchatov Atom Energy Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow 123182, Russia. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Rosmej, FB (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Schlossgartenstr 9, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. EM rosmej@hrzpub.tu-darmstadt.de NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD FEB PY 1999 VL 41 IS 2 BP 191 EP 214 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/41/2/004 PG 24 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 171WD UT WOS:000078886300005 ER PT J AU Moyer, RA Rhodes, TL Rettig, CL Doyle, EJ Burrell, KH Cuthbertson, J Groebner, RJ Kim, KW Leonard, AW Maingi, R Porter, GD Watkins, JG AF Moyer, RA Rhodes, TL Rettig, CL Doyle, EJ Burrell, KH Cuthbertson, J Groebner, RJ Kim, KW Leonard, AW Maingi, R Porter, GD Watkins, JG TI Study of the phase transition dynamics of the L to H transition SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID EXB VELOCITY SHEAR; EDGE PLASMA; DIII-D; TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK; BIFURCATION; TRANSPORT; PARADIGM; FLOW; MODE AB A highly radiating zone (MARFE) just above the divertor X-point has been used to access the marginal transition regime P-sep approximate to P-thres to study the existence of a critical point for the L to H transition. Phase transition models predict that at the critical point the transition duration increases and the plasma parameters vary continuously between the L- and H-mode. In these experiments, the L to H transition duration increased 50-100 times over fast transitions. However, the evolution of E-r shear, the edge density gradient, the H-mode pedestal, and fluctuations is essentially unchanged from that in fast transitions. The only difference is in the speed with which and the degree to which the fluctuation amplitudes are transiently reduced. This difference is understandable in terms of the time scales for fluctuation amplitude reduction (less than or equal to 100 mu s) and edge pressure gradient increase (several ms), provided the edge fluctuations are pressure-gradient driven. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Moyer, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Fus Energy Res Program, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD FEB PY 1999 VL 41 IS 2 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/41/2/007 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 171WD UT WOS:000078886300008 ER PT J AU Bilek, MMM Monteiro, OR Brown, IG AF Bilek, MMM Monteiro, OR Brown, IG TI Optimization of film thickness profiles using a magnetic cusp homogenizer SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARC AB In this paper we report on our investigations of the effects of a magnetic cusp plasma homogenizer on thin film deposition profiles produced by cathodic vacuum arcs as a function of distance between the homogenizer and the plasma beam source. Both filtered and unfiltered are plasma sources were examined. The thickness profiles of titanium films deposited onto transparent media were mapped using a quantitative optical technique based on depositing the films onto transparence foils and analysing the resulting image. The thickness homogeneity of the films was found to improve as the distance between the plasma source and homogenizer increased; however the deposition rate decreased with distance. The optimal distance that produced good homogeneity and maintained the highest rate of deposition was found to vary depending on the divergence of the plasma beam. C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Monteiro, OR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 53-004,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 8 IS 1 BP 88 EP 93 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/8/1/011 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 171WR UT WOS:000078887600012 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Lichtenberg, AJ Cohen, RH AF Wang, Z Lichtenberg, AJ Cohen, RH TI Space-averaged kinetic analysis of stochastically heated electropositive and electronegative rf capacitive discharges SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIO-FREQUENCY DISCHARGES; LOW-PRESSURE; PLASMA DISCHARGES; GLOW-DISCHARGES; MODEL; PARTICLE; SHEATH; REGIME; ARGON AB In low pressure capacitive rf plasma discharges, stochastic sheath heating, combined with potentials that exclude low energy electrons from reaching the sheath, produce an electron energy probability function (EEPF) which approximates a two-temperature Maxwellian, as seen in both experiments and numerical simulations. We have used the fundamental kinetic equation to derive a space- and time-averaged kinetic equation to analytically calculate this EEPF. In this paper, we improve over our model for stochastic heating by allowing the stochastic healing to be gradually turned on over a range of electron energy, instead of abruptly. A complete set of equilibrium conditions are used so that all the unknown parameters can be solved self-consistently. The theory is applied to both argon and oxygen discharges, and the results agree well with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations and experiments. For electronegative oxygen discharges, the equilibrium equations for the two ion species are coupled with the electron kinetic equation. The spatial diffusion profiles and the EEPF both agree well with PIC simulations. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 8 IS 1 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/8/1/018 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 171WR UT WOS:000078887600019 ER PT J AU Bonivert, WD AF Bonivert, WD TI Plain language regulatory guide expanded SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT News Item C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. CAI Engn, Oakton, VA 22124 USA. RP Bonivert, WD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, M-S 9404,Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 USA SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 86 IS 2 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA 299BP UT WOS:000086176200009 ER PT J AU Conboy, J AF Conboy, J TI The role of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in regulating the structure and function of skeletal protein 4.1 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEBM Symposium / Experimental Biology 98 on Alternative Pre-Messenger RNA Splicing - Biology and Pathology CY APR, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Experimental Biol & Med ID SPECTRIN-ACTIN-BINDING; MESSENGER-RNA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; HEREDITARY ELLIPTOCYTOSIS; DEPENDENT REGULATION; MEMBRANE SKELETON; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TERNARY COMPLEX; GENE-EXPRESSION; ISOFORMS AB Alternative pre-mRNA splicing plays a major role in regulating cell type-specific expression of the protein 4.1 family of skeletal proteins. The biological importance of alternative splicing as a mechanism for 4.1 gene regulation is underscored by studies of the prototypical 4.1R gene in erythroid cells: activation of exon 16 inclusion in mRNA at the erythroblast stage greatly enhances the ability of newly synthesized 4.1R protein to bind spectrin and actin, and thus assemble into a stable membrane skeleton, This gain-of-function has profound effects on the biophysical properties of deformability and membrane strength that are critical to red cell survival in the circulation. Another example of developmentally regulated splicing occurs in differentiating mammary epithelial cells in culture, where cell morphogenesis is accompanied by a splicing switch that reversibly activates inclusion of alternative exon 17B, Tissue-specific splices in the 4.1R gene have also been described in brain and muscle, Few other genes are known to be so richly endowed with regulated switches in pre-mRNA splicing, making the 4.1R gene an interesting paradigm for the role of alternative splicing as a mediator of cell function. Recent evidence that other members of the 4.1 gene family are also regulated by alternative splicing suggests, moreover, that this phenomenon is of general importance in regulating the structure of this class of skeletal proteins. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Conboy, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, MS 74-174, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 44 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 220 IS 2 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-12.x PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158CZ UT WOS:000078099600003 PM 10049099 ER PT J AU Bertelsen, EB Zhou, HJ Lowry, DF Flynn, GC Dahlquist, FW AF Bertelsen, EB Zhou, HJ Lowry, DF Flynn, GC Dahlquist, FW TI Topology and dynamics of the 10 kDa C-terminal domain of DnaK in solution SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DnaK; molecular chaperone; NMR; N-15 relaxation ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI DNAJ; ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION ANISOTROPY; NMR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE DNAK; PEPTIDE-BINDING DOMAIN; SHOCK COGNATE PROTEIN; SIDE-CHAIN RESONANCES; BACKBONE DYNAMICS; SUBSTRATE-BINDING AB Hsp70 molecular chaperones contain three distinct structural domains, a 44 kDa N-terminal ATPase domain, a 17 kDa peptide-binding domain, and a 10 kDa C-terminal domain. The ATPase and peptide binding domains are conserved in sequence and are functionally well characterized. The function of the 10 kDa variable C-terminal domain is less well understood. We have characterized the secondary structure and dynamics of the C-terminal domain from the Escherichia coli Hsp70, DnaK, in solution by high-resolution NMR. The domain was shown to be comprised of a rigid structure consisting of four helices and a flexible C-terminal subdomain of approximately 33 amino acids. The mobility of the flexible region is maintained in the context of the full-length protein and does not appear to be modulated by the nucleotide state. The flexibility of this region appears to be a conserved feature of Hsp70 architecture and may have important functional implications. We also developed a method to analyze N-15 nuclear spin relaxation data, which allows us to extract amide bond vector directions relative to a unique diffusion axis. The extracted angles and rotational correlation times indicate that the helices form an elongated, bundle-like structure in solution. C1 Univ Oregon, Inst Mol Biol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. NCI, Macromol NMR Sect, ABL Basic Res Program, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dahlquist, FW (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Inst Mol Biol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. NR 70 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 8 IS 2 BP 343 EP 354 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 164VG UT WOS:000078483800009 PM 10048327 ER PT J AU Zemla, A Venclovas, C Fidelis, K Rost, B AF Zemla, A Venclovas, C Fidelis, K Rost, B TI A modified definition of Sov, a segment-based measure for protein secondary structure prediction assessment SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ACCURACY; PROGRESS AB We present a measure for the evaluation of secondary structure prediction methods that is based on secondary structure segments rather than individual residues. The algorithm is an extension of the segment overlap measure Sov, originally defined by Post et al, (J Mol Biol 1994;235:13-26). The new definition of Sov corrects the normalization procedure and improves Sov's ability to discriminate between similar and dissimilar segment distributions. The method has been comprehensively tested during the second Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP2). Here, me describe the underlying concepts, modifications to the original definition, and their significance. Published 1999 Wiley Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. European Mol Biol Lab, Heidelberg, Germany. Inst Biotechnol, LT-2028 Vilnius, Lithuania. RP Fidelis, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kaf@sb1.llnl.gov NR 20 TC 217 Z9 231 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 220 EP 223 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(19990201)34:2<220::AID-PROT7>3.0.CO;2-K PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 153KN UT WOS:000077832400007 PM 10022357 ER PT J AU Davis, CG AF Davis, CG TI Colors of RR Lyrae stars SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article AB The methods of Davis & Cox are applied to a series of models described by Bone & Stellingwerf to determine the colors of RR Lyrae stars. Convection is ignored, and the radiation flow is treated by a complete variable Eddington, multifrequency-dependent radiative transfer approximation. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Davis, CG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 111 IS 756 BP 196 EP 202 DI 10.1086/316308 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 163PG UT WOS:000078413500005 ER PT J AU Guo, CY D' Anna, JA Li, R Larner, JM AF Guo, CY D' Anna, JA Li, R Larner, JM TI The radiation-induced S-phase checkpoint is independent of CDKN1A SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; HUMAN CANCER-CELLS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; IONIZING-RADIATION; INHIBITION; P53; DAMAGE; P21 AB We recently demonstrated that, in response to radiation, replication is down-regulated at the level of individual origins throughout S phase of the cell cycle. Since several in vitro studies demonstrate that CDKN1A (formerly known as p21) down-regulates replication by inhibiting PCNA, and since CDKN1A can retard progression of cells through S phase in vivo, the question arises whether CDKN1A is involved in the S-phase damage-sensing pathway. In the present study we analyzed the effect of ionizing radiation on CDKN1A(+/+) and CDKN1A(-/-) cells derived from the HCT 116 cell line. Neither progression of cells through S phase nor survival after exposure to ionizing radiation is influenced by CDKN1A status in either synchronous or asynchronous cells. These results establish that CDKN1A is not necessary for the acute S-phase damage-sensing pathway that functions to prevent firing of replication origins during S phase. (C) 1999 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Larner, JM (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 72622] NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 151 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.2307/3579762 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 168YH UT WOS:000078720400002 PM 9952296 ER PT J AU Liu, C Bennett, DH Kastenberg, WE McKone, TE Browne, D AF Liu, C Bennett, DH Kastenberg, WE McKone, TE Browne, D TI A multimedia, multiple pathway exposure assessment of atrazine: fate, transport and uncertainty analysis SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE atrazine; fate; multi-media transport; uncertainty analysis ID C-14 ATRAZINE; DEGRADATION; PESTICIDES; WATER; SOIL; SYSTEMS; IOWA AB The potential danger posed to human health from pesticides and herbicides has been a growing national concern due to the increased frequency of agrochemical residues found in food and water. It is becoming critical to determine the concentration in all environmental media for a complete picture of potential human exposure. A multimedia transport model is used to determine the concentration of atrazine in surface water, ground water, surface soil, root zone soil, plants, and air at a typical mid-western location. A range of values is used for each model input, resulting in a distribution of possible concentrations in each medium. A sensitivity analysis determines the influence each parameter has on the: outcome variance for each environmental media concentration. The concentrations determined for ground and surface water are then compared to measured concentrations in the region to validate the model. The concentrations are then compared to measured concentrations in the region to validate the model. A companion paper utilizes these concentrations and translates them into human exposure and risk. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Nucl & Tox Waste Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kastenberg, WE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, 4153 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 63 IS 2 BP 169 EP 184 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(98)00045-3 PG 16 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 142CH UT WOS:000077182000007 ER PT J AU Bennett, DH Kastenberg, WE McKone, TE AF Bennett, DH Kastenberg, WE McKone, TE TI A multimedia, multiple pathway risk assessment of atrazine: the impact of age differentiated exposure including joint uncertainty and variability SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; atrazine; age differentiated exposure; multi-pathway exposure ID CALIFORNIA GROUNDWATER; UNITED-STATES; SOIL; DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSPORT AB This paper addresses the need to evaluate the differences in exposure to pesticides between children and adults. We present a framework for evaluating these differences in exposure to pesticides through multiple exposure pathways. The concentrations in all environmental media were determined as distributions in a companion paper. All parameter values utilized in the calculation of exposure and risk are considered to be distributions, resulting in distributions for output exposure and risk. A sensitivity analysis was completed to determine the relative importance of the parameters with respect to the outcome. A joint uncertainty and variability analysis was also completed to evaluate the relative contribution between uncertain and variable parameters. Exposure to atrazine by a mid-western farming family is presented as a case study. The predicted exposure for a child based on a 14-year exposure period was 1.6 times that calculated using lifetime averaged exposure parameters. This indicates the importance of considering children as a population sub-group when calculating the exposure and risk to pesticides. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Nucl & Tox Waste Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kastenberg, WE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, 4153 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 47 TC 48 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 63 IS 2 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(98)00046-5 PG 14 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 142CH UT WOS:000077182000008 ER PT J AU Istratov, AA Vyvenko, OF AF Istratov, AA Vyvenko, OF TI Exponential analysis in physical phenomena SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; ILL-POSED PROBLEMS; FREDHOLM INTEGRAL-EQUATIONS; LAPLACE TRANSFORM INVERSION; MULTIEXPONENTIAL DECAY CURVES; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SINGULAR-SYSTEM-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY METHOD; FLUORESCENCE DECAY AB Many physical phenomena are described by first-order differential equations whose solution is an exponential decay. Determining the time constants and amplitudes of exponential decays from the experimental data is a common task in semiconductor physics (deep level transient spectroscopy), biophysics (fluorescence decay analysis), nuclear physics and chemistry (radioactive decays, nuclear magnetic resonance), chemistry and electrochemistry (reaction kinetics) and medical imaging. This review article discusses the fundamental mathematical limitations of exponential analysis, outlines the critical aspects of acquisition of exponential transients for subsequent analysis, and gives a comprehensive overview of numerical algorithms used in exponential analysis. In the first part of the article the resolution of exponential analysis as a function of noise in input decays is discussed. It is shown that two exponential decays can be resolved in a transient only if the ratio of their time constants is greater than the resolution limit, which can be explicitly calculated from the signal-to-noise ratio in the transient. Although the signal-to-noise ratio is generally limited by the sensitivity of the equipment, it is shown that digitalization of the decays may be a major source of noise. The requirements for type of analog-to-digital converter, number of digitized data points and duration of digitized transients, which must be met to obtain the theoretical resolution limit and to improve stability of the exponential analysis, are formulated. The second part of the review article gives an overview and comparison of major numerical techniques of exponential analysis, such as the nonlinear least squares fit, the Prony method, the method of modulating functions, the method of moments, the Laplace-Pade' approximation, the Tikhonov regularization method, the Gardner transformation, the method of maximum entropy and others. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(99)04502-5]. C1 St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. RP Istratov, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Mailstop 62-349,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM istratov@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Vyvenko, Oleg/I-6539-2013 OI Vyvenko, Oleg/0000-0001-6077-3679 NR 341 TC 294 Z9 297 U1 10 U2 94 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 1233 EP 1257 DI 10.1063/1.1149581 PG 25 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 164YD UT WOS:000078490400001 ER PT J AU Russell, SJ AF Russell, SJ TI Emittance measurements of the Sub-Picosecond Accelerator electron beam using beam position monitors SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB In general, the spatial distributions of electron beams from photoinjectors are unknown and are not well approximated by a Gaussian. Therefore, when measuring the emittance, it is important to make no assumptions about the beam's spatial distribution. A diagnostic that fulfills this requirement uses beam position monitors to measure the second moment of the electron beam's image charge. This information, coupled with the beam line's transfer matrix, can be used as an unambiguous measure of the root mean square emittance that is independent of the beam's spatial distribution. Presented here are the results of the first implementation of this measurement technique on the Sub-Picosecond Accelerator facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(99)00202-6]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Russell, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H851, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 1362 EP 1366 DI 10.1063/1.1149598 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 164YD UT WOS:000078490400020 ER PT J AU Lee, SG Hwang, SM Kim, BC Lee, HG Na, HK Yang, HL Yoo, SJ Medley, SS Park, HK Young, KM AF Lee, SG Hwang, SM Kim, BC Lee, HG Na, HK Yang, HL Yoo, SJ Medley, SS Park, HK Young, KM CA KSTAR Project Team TI Overview of Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUN 07-11, 1998 CL PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY SP Amer Phys Soc, Off Def Programs, US Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab AB The Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) project is the Korean national fusion program for constructing a superconducting tokamak, that is capable of a steady-state operation. Currently, the KSTAR diagnostic group is concentrating on conceptual design activities to provide measurements of the plasma behavior that is necessary to satisfy the KSTAR missions. A diagnostic overview for the KSTAR device is presented. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(99)57301-2]. C1 Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lee, SG (reprint author), Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 1397 EP 1401 DI 10.1063/1.1149631 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 164YD UT WOS:000078490400026 ER PT J AU Cohen, BI Hooper, EB Spang, MC Domier, CW AF Cohen, BI Hooper, EB Spang, MC Domier, CW TI Theoretical aspects of the use of pulsed reflectometry in a spheromak plasma SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUN 07-11, 1998 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Amer Phys Soc, Off Def Programs, US Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab ID DENSITY PROFILE MEASUREMENTS; MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; FIELD; WAVES AB Pulsed reflectometry using both ordinary (O) and extraordinary (X) modes has the potential of providing time- and space-resolved measurements of the electron density, the magnitude of the magnetic field, and the magnetic shear as a function of radius. Such a diagnostic also yields the current profile from the curl of the magnetic field. This research addresses theoretical issues associated with the use of reflectometry in the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment spheromak experiment at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. We have extended a reflectometry simulation model to accommodate O- and X-mode mixed polarization and linear mode conversion between the two polarizations. A Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin-Jeffreys (WKBJ) formula for linear mode conversion agrees reasonably well with direct numerical solutions of the wave equation, and we have reconstructed the magnetic pitch-angle profile by matching the results of the WKBJ formula with the mode conversion data observed in simulations using a least-squares determination of coefficients in trial functions for the profile. The reflectometry data also yield information on fluctuations. Instrumental issues, e.g., the effects of microwave mixers and filters on model reflectometry pulses, have been examined to optimize the performance of the reflectometry diagnostics. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(99)70801-4]. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Cohen, BI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 1407 EP 1415 DI 10.1063/1.1149578 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 164YD UT WOS:000078490400028 ER PT J AU Narasimhan, TN AF Narasimhan, TN TI Fourier's heat conduction equation: History, influence, and connections SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review AB The equation describing the conduction of heat in solids has, over the past two centuries, proved to be a powerful tool for analyzing the dynamic motion of heat as well as for solving an enormous array of diffusion-type problems in physical sciences, biological sciences, earth sciences, and social sciences. This equation was formulated at the beginning of the nineteenth century by one of the most gifted scholars of modern science, Joseph Fourier of France. A study of the historical context in which Fourier made his remarkable contribution and the subsequent impact his work has had on the development of modern science is as fascinating as it is educational. This paper is an attempt to present a picture of how certain ideas initially led to Fourier's development of the heat equation and how, subsequently, Fourier's work directly influenced and inspired others to use the heat diffusion model to describe other dynamic physical systems. Conversely, others concerned with the study of random processes found that the equations governing such random processes reduced, in the limit, to Fourier's equation of heat diffusion. In the process of developing the flow of ideas, the paper also presents, to the extent possible, an account of the history and personalities involved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernesto Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management,Div Earth S, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Narasimhan, TN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernesto Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management,Div Earth S, 467 Evans Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 59 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 8755-1209 J9 REV GEOPHYS JI Rev. Geophys. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 37 IS 1 BP 151 EP 172 DI 10.1029/1998RG900006 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 165RA UT WOS:000078534000005 ER PT J AU Park, ET Goretta, KC de Arellano-Lopez, AR Guan, J Balachandran, U Dorris, SE Routbort, JL AF Park, ET Goretta, KC de Arellano-Lopez, AR Guan, J Balachandran, U Dorris, SE Routbort, JL TI High-temperature deformation of BaCe1-xYxO3-y (0.05 <= x <= 0.2) SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE high-temperature deformation; kinetics; diffusional creep; BaCe1-xYxO3-y; polycrystals ID DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SOLID-ELECTROLYTE; COMPRESSIVE CREEP; CONDUCTION; YBA2CU3OX; OXIDES; PROTON AB Compressive high-temperature deformation of BaCe1-xYxO3-y polycrystals as a function of yttrium content (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) was conducted in controlled oxygen partial pressures of 0.1-2 X 10(4) Pa at 1200-1400 degrees C to determine deformation kinetics and the rate-controlling species for diffusional creep. Creep rate was independent of oxygen partial pressure and the steady-state creep rate increased with increasing Y content. The results can be explained on the basis of a grain-boundary-sliding creep mechanism in which the rate-controlling species are Ba or Ce interstitials. A simple point-defect model was used to describe the results. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Sevilla, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, E-41080 Seville, Spain. RP Goretta, KC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI R. de Arellano Lopez, Antonio/0000-0002-7443-0244 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 117 IS 3-4 BP 323 EP 330 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(98)00431-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 164MT UT WOS:000078468700015 ER PT J AU Collings, EW Sumption, MD Scanlan, RM Dietderich, DR Motowidlo, LR Sokolowski, RS Aoki, Y Hasegawa, T AF Collings, EW Sumption, MD Scanlan, RM Dietderich, DR Motowidlo, LR Sokolowski, RS Aoki, Y Hasegawa, T TI Bi : 2212/Ag-based Rutherford cables: production, processing and properties SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COUPLING LOSSES; DIPOLE; FIELDS AB The fabrication of Bi:2212/Ag-based Rutherford-type accelerator cables, their transport critical current (I-c) testing and ac loss measurement are described. Multifilamentary strands were used to form several cables with 18-19 strands and a lay pitch, L-p (half the transposition pitch) of 27.5 mm. The inclusion of a metallic alloy core was proposed for mechanical strength, the limiting of cable winding damage and ac loss/residual magnetization mitigation. Single-strand measurements of 'poisoning' from several candidate core materials are reported, as well as the influences of winding pitch and thermal shock degradation on I-c. Nichrome 80 was selected as a core material on the basis of ready availability in strip form and its initially observed inertness from a poisoning standpoint. In-cable single-strand studies indicated that winding damage could degrade edge-measured I-c by about 16%. Full cable I-c measurements demonstrated that core-induced poisoning could reduce I-c by a further 35-40%. Ac loss measurements on a series of specially designed cables showed that the core (either bare or coated) effectively insulated the strands against crossover contact. This, together with the fact that the cable had been only lightly compacted (thereby ensuring moderate but not strong side-by-side contact) allowed the effective interstrand contact resistance of a projected Bi:2212/Ag-wound core-type LHC Rutherford cable to fall close to the acceptability range for the windings of accelerator magnets. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Superconduct Magnet Grp, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA. IGC Adv Superconductors, Waterbury, CT 06704 USA. Showa Elect Wire & Cable, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210, Japan. RP Collings, EW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Sumption, Mike/N-5913-2016 OI Sumption, Mike/0000-0002-4243-8380 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/12/2/006 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168AZ UT WOS:000078669100006 ER PT J AU Brown, IG Anders, A Dickinson, MR MacGill, RA Monteiro, OR AF Brown, IG Anders, A Dickinson, MR MacGill, RA Monteiro, OR TI Recent advances in surface processing with metal plasma and ion beams SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Asian-European International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering CY OCT 05-09, 1997 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP Korea Accelarator & Plasma Res Assoc, Korean Inst Surface Engn, European Joint Comm Plasma & Ion Surface Engn DE ion implantation; metal plasma; plasma immersion; thin films ID CATHODIC-ARC DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; VACUUM; IMPLANTATION; IMMERSION; TRANSPORT; COATINGS; FILTERS; SILICON AB Surface processing by metal plasma and ion beams can be effected using the dense metal plasma formed in a vacuum are discharge embodied either in a "metal plasma immersion" configuration or as a vacuum are ion source, as well as by many other well-established methods. In the former case the substrate is immersed in the plasma and repetitively pulse-biased to accelerate the ions across the sheath and allow controlled ion energy implantation + deposition, and in the latter case a high energy metal ion beam is formed and ion implantation is done in a more-or-less conventional way. These methods have been used widely; here we limit consideration to work carried out at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. A number of advances have been made both in the plasma technology and in the surface modification procedures that enhance the effectiveness and versatility of the methods. Recent improvements in plasma technology include dual-source plasma mixing, ion charge state enhancement, and some scale-up of the hardware. We have made and explored some novel kinds of surface films and modified layers, including for example doped diamond-like carbon (DLC), novel multilayers, alumina and more complex ceramic materials such as mullite (3Al(2)O(3). 2SiO(2)), high temperature superconducting films, and others. Recent research has included investigations of these and other surface materials for many different basic and applied applications, such as for high temperature tolerant protective coatings, biomedical compatibility, surface resistivity tailoring of ceramics, novel catalytic surfaces, corrosion resistance of battery electrodes, and more. Here we briefly review the fundamentals of the techniques, and describe some of the applications to which the methods have been put at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ibrown@lbl.gov RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 23 TC 54 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 112 IS 1-3 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00769-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 186DQ UT WOS:000079712200054 ER PT J AU Ashby, CR Rohatgi, R Ngosuwan, J Borda, T Gerasimov, MR Morgan, AE Kushner, S Brodie, JD Dewey, SL AF Ashby, CR Rohatgi, R Ngosuwan, J Borda, T Gerasimov, MR Morgan, AE Kushner, S Brodie, JD Dewey, SL TI Implication of the GABA(B) receptor in gamma vinyl-GABA's inhibition of cocaine-induced increases in nucleus accumbens dopamine SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article DE gamma vinyl GABA (GVG, Vigabatrin (R)); dopamine; cocaine; GABA(A) receptor; GABA(B) receptor; GABA(B) antagonist (SCH 50911); microdialysis; positron emission tomography (PET); nucleus accumbens ID VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; RATS; PHARMACOLOGY; NEURONS; BRAIN; ACID AB Previously, we demonstrated that gamma vinyl-GABA (GVG, Vigabatrin(R)) dose-dependently inhibits cocaine-induced increases in dopamine (DA) concentrations in both the rodent and primate brain. Furthermore, it abolishes cocaine self-administration and conditioned place preference, while having no effect on locomotor activity or drug delivery to the brain. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms underlying this inhibition, we examined the effect of the selective GABA(B) receptor antagonist SCH 50911 on the GVG-induced decrease in cocaine's elevation of extracellular DA concentrations in the nucleus accumbens (NACC). Cocaine administration alone (20 mg/kg i.p.) produced a 480% increase in extracellular NACC DA levels. GVG (300 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reduced this increase by 25% (P < 0.01). In sharp contrast, extracellular DA levels increased to 550% after the sequential administration of SCH 50911 (3 mg/kg i.p.), GVG, and cocaine. This increase is significantly different than GVG and cocaine (P < 0.05) but similar to cocaine alone. These results demonstrate that the GABA(B) antagonist SCH 50911 was able to completely abolish GVG's inhibition of cocaine-induced increases in DA in the NACC and implicates the GABA(B) receptor in the mechanism underlying this inhibition. Synapse 31:151-153, 1999. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 St Johns Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Hlth Sci, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Dewey, SL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Sld@bnl.gov FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH49165]; PHS HHS [R2955155] NR 16 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD FEB PY 1999 VL 31 IS 2 BP 151 EP 153 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(199902)31:2<151::AID-SYN8>3.0.CO;2-W PG 3 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 149ZJ UT WOS:000077636900008 PM 10024012 ER PT J AU McAdams, HH Arkin, A AF McAdams, HH Arkin, A TI It's a noisy business! Genetic regulation at the nanomolar scale SO TRENDS IN GENETICS LA English DT Review ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTION; EXPRESSION; REDUNDANCY; MODEL; TIME; CHECKPOINTS; SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; NETWORKS AB Many molecules that control genetic regulatory circuits act at extremely low intracellular concentrations. Resultant fluctuations (noise) in reaction rates cause large random variation in rates of development, morphology and the instantaneous concentration of each molecular species in each cell. To achieve regulatory reliability in spite of this noise, cells use redundancy in genes as well as redundancy and extensive feedback in regulatory pathways. However, some regulatory mechanisms exploit this noise to randomize outcomes where variability is advantageous. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dev Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McAdams, HH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dev Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mcadams@cmgm.stanford.edu; aparkin@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 NR 41 TC 528 Z9 539 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0168-9525 J9 TRENDS GENET JI Trends Genet. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0168-9525(98)01659-X PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 181AX UT WOS:000079419400005 PM 10098409 ER PT J AU Greenwood, MS Skorpik, JR Bamberger, JA Harris, RV AF Greenwood, MS Skorpik, JR Bamberger, JA Harris, RV TI On-line ultrasonic density sensor for process control of liquids and slurries SO ULTRASONICS LA English DT Article DE density sensor; liquid density measurements; on-line sensor; process control; reflection coefficients; slurry density measurements; speed of sound measurement; suspension characterization; ultrasonic sensor AB An on-line ultrasonic density sensor is described in which six transducers are mounted upon a plastic wedge, the base of the wedge being in contact with a liquid or slurry. Ultrasonic beams striking the base at several angles are reflected. The amount of reflection at the plastic-liquid interface depends upon the density of the liquid rho, the speed of sound c in the liquid, and wedge parameters. By determining the reflection coefficient at two angles, rho and c can be determined. The sensor can be mounted in a pipeline configuration or submerged for tank applications. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Greenwood, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0041-624X J9 ULTRASONICS JI Ultrasonics PD FEB PY 1999 VL 37 IS 2 BP 159 EP 171 DI 10.1016/S0041-624X(98)00052-3 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 175NC UT WOS:000079099700008 ER PT J AU Carr, GL AF Carr, GL TI High-resolution microspectroscopy and sub-nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy with the synchrotron infrared source SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Advanced Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (AIRS III) CY JUL 05-09, 1998 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE high brightness microspectroscopy; time-resolved spectroscopy; beamline ID RADIATION; PERFORMANCE AB Infrared produced as synchrotron radiation has useful qualities for a number of infrared measurement methods. The most important is the high source brightness, which allows infrared microspectroscopy to be performed on sample regions having a size equal to the wavelength of light (a few microns). The source is also pulsed, enabling time-resolved spectroscopy to be performed without the need for a high-speed infrared detector. This paper reviews the qualities of infrared synchrotron radiation, and shows performance capabilities for microspectroscopy and sub-nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. Results from the National Synchrotron Light Source infrared beamlines are presented or reviewed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carr, GL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 19 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(98)00048-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 183NE UT WOS:000079559000007 ER PT J AU Harter, T Zhang, DX AF Harter, T Zhang, DX TI Water flow and solute spreading in heterogeneous soils with spatially variable water content SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC POROUS FORMATIONS; STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; UNSATURATED FLOW; VELOCITY COVARIANCE; SATURATED SOILS; TRANSPORT; MEDIA; MODEL; SCALE; ZONE AB Although the spatial variability of water content is expected to be significant in heterogeneous, unsaturated media, its effect an solute transport has been neglected in most stochastic analyses. In this work we develop, evaluate, and numerically verify an analytical model describing the statistical moments of water content, soil water flux, soil water velocity, and solute spreading in the unsaturated zone under conditions of variable soil water content. Results are presented for a wide range of soil conditions. It is shown that soil water content variability increases with soil water tension and decreases with soil textural tortuosity parameter m. As expected, the water content variability also increases with those of soil texture and saturated hydraulic conductivity. However, at or above field capacity (near saturation) the water content variability is generally negligible. The water content variability is very large under dry conditions, even if the soil is relatively homogeneous. In the same soil, longitudinal macrodispersivity is generally smaller when including than when neglecting the variability in water content. Variable water content enhances longitudinal macrodispersivity only in soils with large horizontal anisotropy or soils with m < 2. In this case the enhancement is more significant in drier soils and at the early stages of plume displacement (less than 10 lambda(f)). With travel distance the longitudinal macrodispersivity in the presence of variable water content converges to that in the absence of it. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geoanal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Harter, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, 9240 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RI Zhang, Dongxiao/D-5289-2009 OI Zhang, Dongxiao/0000-0001-6930-5994 NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 415 EP 426 DI 10.1029/1998WR900027 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 160FY UT WOS:000078220800006 ER PT J AU Pierce, SW Burgardt, P Olson, DL AF Pierce, SW Burgardt, P Olson, DL TI Thermocapillary and arc phenomena in stainless steel welding SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GTAW; EB; arc weld; stainless steel; thermocapillary flow; weld shape; Gaussian power; type 304; Maragoni effect ID FREE-SURFACE; GTA; CONVECTION; SHAPE; LASER; POOLS AB This investigation characterized the effects of power level and Gauss lan heat source size on thermocapillary-induced weld shape and estimated the relative influence of various possible are phenomena in determining weld shape. Welds made with the GTAW process were compared with similar ones made with a conduction-mode EBW process and the differences were related to are effects. Evidence of thermocapillary flow was readily apparent in both the GTA welds and the conduction-mode EB welds and was qualitatively similar in both. The similarity between the results obtained with the two processes serves to demonstrate that thermocapillary convection is the dominant factor in heat-to-heat weld shape variability. However, a simple one-to-one correspondence between welds produced with the two processes does not exist. Especially at high power, the EB welds showed stronger thermocapillary convection than the GTA welds. One important are factor that limits thermocapillary flow in are welds appears to be an increase in are size with are length and are current. A non-Gaussian are power distribution in GTAW seems to be most important in limiting the fluid flow. Apparently, the are power distribution is more nearly rectangular in shape for an argon gas are. At higher currents, above 200 A, plasma shear force may also be an important contributor to weld shape development. The conduction-mode EB welds demonstrate that thermocapillary flow reversal probably does not occur in welds made with a simple Gaussian heal source. The complex shape behavior is likely a result of an are effect such as plasma shear. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Pierce, SW (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 78 IS 2 BP 45S EP 52S PG 8 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 165QH UT WOS:000078532000019 ER PT J AU Huh, MY Cho, YS Kim, JS Engler, O AF Huh, MY Cho, YS Kim, JS Engler, O TI Effect of lubrication on the evolution of through-thickness texture gradients in cold rolled and recrystallized low carbon steel SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE LA English DT Article ID DEEP-DRAWING STEELS; ANNEALING TEXTURES; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; ROLLING TEXTURES; STAINLESS-STEEL; DEFORMATION; INHOMOGENEITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; IRON AB Samples of a low carbon steel sheet were deformed by cold rolling with and without application of a lubricant during the deformation process. The effect of the different deformation procedures on the evolution of microstructure and texture during the rolling and a subsequent recrystallization annealing was studied by means of X-ray texture analysis and TEM microstructural investigations. Whereas the samples rolled with lubrication showed uniform textures and microstructures through the sheet thickness, in the samples rolled without lubrication pronounced shear textures were observed at the sheet surface. The evolution of these through-thickness texture gradients can be explained in terms of different strain states during the deformation process. C1 Korea Univ, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Korea Univ, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea. NR 46 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU CARL HANSER VERLAG PI MUNICH PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0044-3093 J9 Z METALLKD JI Z. Metallk. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 90 IS 2 BP 124 EP 131 PG 8 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 175AT UT WOS:000079069300005 ER PT J AU Rangaswamy, P Prime, MB Daymond, M Bourke, MAM Clausen, B Choo, H Jayaraman, N AF Rangaswamy, P Prime, MB Daymond, M Bourke, MAM Clausen, B Choo, H Jayaraman, N TI Comparison of residual strains measured by X-ray and neutron diffraction in a titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) matrix composite SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS Symposium on Processing-Structure-Property Relationship of Composite Interfaces CY FEB 15-18, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS DE residual stress; neutron diffraction; titanium matrix composites; finite element analysis; X-ray measurement ID STRESSES AB This research compares matrix thermal residual strains measured in a continuous fiber reinforced SiC/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composite (TMC) using X-ray and neutron diffraction with finite element predictions. The strain dependence on the strains for several reflections (105, 204, 300, 213 and 312) of the matrix were explored at the surface (X-ray) and in the bulk (neutron). To determine the longitudinal surface strains from the X-ray measurements for comparison with the neutron values, the E-phi psi versus sin(2)psi plots were extrapolated to psi = 90 degrees. Continuum micro-mechanics based multi-ply finite element models (FEM) simulating rectangular and hexagonal fiber distributions were explored for calculating average surface and bulk strains. For different reflections, the experimentally determined surface measured strains ranged from + 1904 + 424 to + 2974 +/- 321 mu epsilon and the bulk measurements ranged from + 2269 +/- 421 to +/- 3022 +/- 1134 mu epsilon. These values contrast with the single valued FEM prediction of + 3200 mu epsilon which was the same for both the surface and the bulk. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Rangaswamy, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM partha@lanl.gov RI Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; OI Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907; Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620; Daymond, Mark/0000-0001-6242-7489 NR 23 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 31 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 2 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00893-4 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162ET UT WOS:000078333100007 ER PT J AU Warrier, SG Rangaswamy, P Bourke, MAM Krishnamurthy, S AF Warrier, SG Rangaswamy, P Bourke, MAM Krishnamurthy, S TI Assessment of the fiber/matrix interface bond strength in SiC/Ti-6Al-4V composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS Symposium on Processing-Structure-Property Relationship of Composite Interfaces CY FEB 15-18, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX DE residual stress; transverse properties; neutron diffraction; interface bund strength; finite element analysis ID FIBER SCS-6/TI-6AL-4V COMPOSITE; TITANIUM MATRIX COMPOSITES; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; SIC-FIBER; SINGLE; DIFFRACTION; CERAMICS; STRAINS; FAILURE AB The mechanical properties of composites are significantly influenced by the properties of the fiber/matrix interface. From a fundamental as well as an interface development standpoint it is necessary to determine the bond strength of interface. The calculated value of the interface bond strength is extremely sensitive to the value of the compressive radial residual stress at the interface since this residual stress has to be overcome before interface separation can occur. In this study, neutron diffraction was employed to measure radial residual stresses in SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V composites. A combination of stress measurements, finite element analyses and transverse tension tests was employed to systematically evaluate the interface bond strength. The fiber/matrix interface bond strength for SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V composites was determined to be about 140 MPa. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Warrier, SG (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 35 TC 35 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 31 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 2 BP 220 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00894-6 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162ET UT WOS:000078333100008 ER PT J AU Boss, DE Richardson, JW AF Boss, DE Richardson, JW TI Validation of multi-concentric cylinder model for sapphire/Mo/NiAl composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS Symposium on Processing-Structure-Property Relationship of Composite Interfaces CY FEB 15-18, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS DE residual stress; hardness; neutron diffraction; modeling; NiAl ID RESIDUAL-STRESS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; REDUCTION; HARDNESS AB Fiber coatings have been extensively modeled and proposed as a means to mitigate the thermal residual stresses in advanced composites, including the sapphire-fiber reinforced NiAl (sapphire:NiAl) system. While the finite element models have been useful for screening candidate coating materials, few, if any, experimental studies have been performed to validate the results of the models. The residual stress distribution in sapphire/NiAl composites with three thickness' of Mo fiber coatings was modeled using the multiple concentric cylinder model (MCCM) from NASA-LeRC. The modeling results were compared to experimental measurements made using both continuous indentation and neutron diffraction. In this study, good agreement between the measured and calculated residual stress distributions in all samples was obtained. The results demonstrated the potential for continuous indentation to measure the local stress variations in composites both in the matrix and in the fiber coatings, and validated the calculations of the models for both local and average residual stresses. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Adv Coating Technol Grp, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Boss, DE (reprint author), MSC Laminates & Composites, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 31 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 2 BP 228 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00906-X PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162ET UT WOS:000078333100009 ER PT J AU Schneider, JA Guthrie, SE Kriese, MD Clift, WM Moody, NR AF Schneider, JA Guthrie, SE Kriese, MD Clift, WM Moody, NR TI Impurity effects on the adhesion of aluminum films on sapphire substrates SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS Symposium on Processing-Structure-Property Relationship of Composite Interfaces CY FEB 15-18, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS DE interface; adhesion; scratch testing; nanoindentation; fracture mechanics ID THIN-FILMS; FRACTURE-RESISTANCE; INTERFACE; ENERGY; DELAMINATION; INDENTATION; MECHANICS; CRACK AB The adhesion of aluminum (Al) films onto sapphire substrates in the presence of controlled contaminants is being investigated. In this study, adhesion strength is evaluated by continuous scratch and nanoindentation tests to induce delamination of the Al film from the sapphire substrate. If delamination blisters or spallations can be induced, then fracture mechanics based models can be used to calculate the fracture energy or work of adhesion based on the radius of the blister. Initial specimens of 178 nm thick Al films were vapor deposited onto (0001) oriented sapphire substrates with a 5-10 nm layer of carbon sputter deposited onto the sapphire surface of selected samples. Continuous scratch tests promoted blistering of the film in specimens with carbon on the sapphire surface. Delamination blisters could not be induced by continuous indentation testing in samples with or without carbon at the interface. An overlayer of sputtered tantalum (Ta) was then used on a second set of 500 nm thick Al films with and without 10-20 nm of sputtered carbon on the sapphire surface to promote delaminations. With Ta overlayers, continuous nanoindentation techniques induced larger diameter delamination blisters in the specimens with carbon, than in the specimens without carbon. Resistance to blistering, or smaller induced blisters, indicates a higher resistance to fracture or interfacial strength. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Schneider, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9403, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 31 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 2 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00897-1 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 162ET UT WOS:000078333100011 ER PT J AU Boever, C Gislason, J Jensen, WP Jacobson, RA AF Boever, C Gislason, J Jensen, WP Jacobson, RA TI Ab initio calculations and X-ray structure determinations of dichloro(O-O '-O ''-1,3,5-cyclohexanetriol)copper(II) and bis(O-O '-O ''-1,3,5-hexanetriol)nickel(II) SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE crystal structures; ab initio calculations; copper complexes; nickel complexes; triol complexes ID PROGRAM AB The structures of CuC6H12O3Cl2, (I) and NiC12H24O6Cl2, (II) were determined using X-ray single crystal methods and Hartree-Fock SCF calculations. The copper(II) ion is coordinated to the three oxygen atoms of the cyclohexanetriol ligand and two chloride ions in a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramidal arrangement. One chloride ion and one of the three triol oxygen atoms occupy axial positions and the remaining two oxygen atoms and the second chloride ion occupy equatorial positions. In the nickel compound the two triol molecules act as tridentate ligands forming an octahedral complex ion with the chloride ions serving as counter ions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jensen, WP (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD JAN 30 PY 1999 VL 284 IS 2 BP 284 EP 287 DI 10.1016/S0020-1693(98)00291-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 160VK UT WOS:000078252000018 ER PT J AU Shu, JY King, WE Fleck, NA AF Shu, JY King, WE Fleck, NA TI Finite elements for materials with strain gradient effects SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE strain gradient; finite element ID PLASTICITY AB A finite element implementation is reported of the Fleck-Hutchinson phenomenological strain gradient theory. This theory fits within the Toupin-Mindlin framework and deals with first-order strain gradients and the associated work-conjugate higher-order stresses. In conventional displacement-based approaches, the interpolation of displacement requires C-1-continuity in order to ensure convergence of the finite element procedure for higher-order theories. Mixed-type finite elements are developed herein for the Fleck-Hutchinson theory; these elements use standard C-0-continuous shape functions and can achieve the same convergence as C-1 elements. These C-0 elements use displacements and displacement gradients as nodal degrees of freedom. Kinematic constraints between displacement gradients are enforced via the Lagrange multiplier method. The elements developed all pass a patch test. The resulting finite element scheme is used to solve some representative linear elastic boundary value problems and the comparative accuracy of various types of element is evaluated. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. RP Shu, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 157 Z9 167 U1 2 U2 16 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JAN 30 PY 1999 VL 44 IS 3 BP 373 EP 391 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19990130)44:3<373::AID-NME508>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 19 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 157ZZ UT WOS:000078092700004 ER PT J AU Wen, SJ Kerr, J Rubin, M Slack, J von Rottkay, K AF Wen, SJ Kerr, J Rubin, M Slack, J von Rottkay, K TI Analysis of durability in lithium nickel oxide electrochromic materials and devices SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-2) CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE lithium nickel oxide; thin films; electrochromic tests ID OXYMETHYLENE-LINKED POLY(OXYETHYLENE) AB Thin films of lithium nickel oxide were deposited by sputtering and laser ablation from targets of pressed nickel oxide and lithium oxide powders. These films were assembled into electrochromic test devices with tungsten oxide as the opposite electrode and a polymer electrolyte. Analysis of the failure modes was carried out at several levels: The composition and structure of the films were examined before and after cycling using a variety of techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy, nuclear-reaction analysis, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. Absorption of water vapor was found to be a major factor determining the cyclic stability of the films. A new technique is described for incorporating reference electrodes made from an electronically isolated corner into devices. This structure enabled identification of potential problems associated with a particular interface. Finally, some of the devices were disassembled and the components examined. For example, a small quantity of the polymer was extracted and studied by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Small organic fragments were discovered which correspond to expected weak points in the polymer structures. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kerr, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 2-306, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JAN 30 PY 1999 VL 56 IS 3-4 BP 299 EP 307 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(98)00139-1 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 158WM UT WOS:000078140500012 ER PT J AU Czanderna, AW Benson, DK Jorgensen, GJ Zhang, JG Tracy, CE Deb, SK AF Czanderna, AW Benson, DK Jorgensen, GJ Zhang, JG Tracy, CE Deb, SK TI Durability issues and service lifetime prediction of electrochromic windows for buildings applications SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-2) CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE durability; service lifetime prediction; electrochromic windows ID FILMS; DEPENDENCE; DEVICES; OXIDE AB In general, the purposes of this paper are to elucidate the crucial importance of durability and service lifetime prediction (SLP) for electrochromic windows (ECWs) and to present an outline for developing a SLP methodology for ECWs. The specific objectives are (a) to illustrate the generic nature of SLP for several types of solar energy conversion or energy conservation devices, (b) to summarize the major durability issues associated with ECWs, (c) to justify using SLP in the triad of cost, performance, and durability rather than just durability, (d) to define and explain the seven major elements that constitute a generic SLP methodology, (e) to provide background for implementing the SLP methodology for ECWs, including the complexity of the potential degradation mechanisms, and (f) to provide an outline of studies using ECWs for improving the durability of ECW materials and predicting a service lifetime for ECWs using the SLP methodology outlined in objective (d). Our major conclusions are that substantial R&D is necessary to understand the factors that limit ECW durability, and that it is possible to predict the service lifetime of ECWs. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Performance Engn & Reliabil, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Czanderna, AW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Performance Engn & Reliabil, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JAN 30 PY 1999 VL 56 IS 3-4 BP 419 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(98)00183-4 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 158WM UT WOS:000078140500018 ER PT J AU McCall, MR La Belle, M Forte, TM Krauss, RM Takanami, Y Tribble, DL AF McCall, MR La Belle, M Forte, TM Krauss, RM Takanami, Y Tribble, DL TI Dissociable and nondissociable forms of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in human plasma LDL: implications for LDL oxidative susceptibility SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS LA English DT Article DE LDL subfraction; inflammation; lipoprotein oxidation ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; PAF-DEGRADING ACETYLHYDROLASE; ACID-LABILE FACTOR; HUMAN-SERUM; DEGRADATION; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; ACYLHYDROLASE; PURIFICATION; CHOLESTEROL; HYDROLYSIS AB Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) is transported by lipoproteins in plasma and is thought to possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity. It has been reported that PAF-AH is recovered primarily in small, dense LDL and HDL following ultracentrifugal separation of lipoproteins. In the present studies, we aimed to further define the distribution of PAF-AH among lipoprotein fractions and subfractions, and to determine whether these distributions are affected by the lipoprotein isolation strategy (FPLC versus sequential ultracentrifugation) and LDL particle distribution profile. When lipoproteins were isolated by FPLC, the bull; (similar to 85%) of plasma PAF-AH activity was recovered within LDL-containing fractions, whereas with ultracentrifugation, there was a redistribution to HDL (which contained similar to 18% of the activity) and the d > 1.21 g/ml fraction (which contained similar to 32%). Notably, re-ultracentrifugation of isolated LDL did not result in any further movement of PAF-AH to higher densities, suggesting the presence of dissociable and nondissociable forms of the enzyme on LDL. Differences were noted in the distribution of PAF-AH activity among LDL subfractions from subjects exhibiting the pattern A (primarily large, buoyant LDL) versus pattern B (primarily small, dense LDL) phenotype. In the latter group, there was a relative depletion of PAF-AH activity in subfractions in the intermediate to dense range (d= 1.039-1.047 g/ml) with a corresponding increase in enzyme activity recovered within the d> 1.21 g/ml ultracentrifugal fraction. Thus, there appears to be a greater proportion of the dissociable form of PAF-AH in pattern B subjects. In both populations, most of the nondissociable activity was recovered in a minor small, dense LDL subfraction. Based on conjugated dienes as a measure of lipid peroxidation, variations in PAF-AH activity appeared to contribute to variations in oxidative behavior among ultracentrifugally isolated LDL subfractions. The physiologic relevance of PAF-AH dissociability and the minor PAF-AH-enriched oxidation-resistant LDL subpopulation remains to be determined. Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Nucl Med,Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tribble, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Nucl Med,Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Room 224,1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 1-224, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dltribble@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574, R01 HL54606] NR 37 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-1981 J9 BBA-MOL CELL BIOL L JI BBA-Mol. Cell. Biol. Lipids PD JAN 29 PY 1999 VL 1437 IS 1 BP 23 EP 36 DI 10.1016/S0005-2760(98)00177-5 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 176XD UT WOS:000079176600003 PM 9931415 ER PT J AU Skinner, DE Miller, WH AF Skinner, DE Miller, WH TI Application of the semiclassical initial value representation and its linearized approximation to inelastic scattering SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TIME; PROPAGATION; COLLISIONS; MECHANICS AB The semiclassical (SC) initial value representation (IVR), and its linearized approximation (LA), have been applied to the well-studied Secrest-Johnson model of colinear He + H-2(v(i)) --> He + H-2(v(f)) vibrationally inelastic scattering. The full SC-IVR treatment describes the quantum interference structure in the vibrational transition probabilities quantitatively, while the LA version does so only very qualitatively. This is consistent with earlier work on time correlation functions which found that the LA was able to describe quantum effects accurately in the short time dynamics, but not quantum coherence effects in the longer time dynamics. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miller, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM miller@neon.cchem.berkeley.edu NR 35 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 1999 VL 300 IS 1-2 BP 20 EP 26 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)01290-1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 163ER UT WOS:000078390700003 ER PT J AU Ding, WL Fritz, JS AF Ding, WL Fritz, JS TI Carbamate chiral surfactants for capillary electrophoresis SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE enantiomer separation; chiral separation; buffer compositions; surfactants ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; ENANTIOMERIC SEPARATION; RESOLUTION; SELECTORS; DRUGS; ACIDS; DERIVATIVES; VANCOMYCIN AB Chiral resolution in capillary electrophoresis (CE) was studied with several novel synthetic surfactants, which are synthesized from an amino acid (L-leucine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, or L-serine) and an alkyl chloroformate with a chain length of C-4 to C-12. Several chiral drugs, including atenolol, benzoin, laudanosine, propranolol, ketamine, hydrobenzoin and nefopam were used as test compounds. It was found that resolution can be readily manipulated by varying the chain length, the amino acid and the surfactant concentration. Sulfonated beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) was also studied and compared with these novel surfactants. A different selectivity was found for sulfonated beta-CD due to its distinct structure. Neither the new surfactants nor beta-CD gave a satisfactory chiral resolution for all the seven drugs. However, a mixture of a surfactant and sulfated beta-CD was suitable for chiral resolution of all seven drugs. These mixed reagents were also effective for CE resolution of eight dansyl amino acids. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 29 PY 1999 VL 831 IS 2 BP 311 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00876-0 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 164JT UT WOS:000078461000015 ER PT J AU Pettit, FK Bowie, JU AF Pettit, FK Bowie, JU TI Protein surface roughness and small molecular binding sites SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE functional sites; fractal dimension; drug design; site prediction ID CLEFTS AB Pharmaceutical design is usually directed at developing small molecules that can specifically bind and alter the activity of a target protein. Here, we show that high-affinity binding of small molecules requires a rough patch on a protein surface. Drug design strategies should therefore be targeted to rough areas on a protein. Our results indicate that the roughness of small functional sites may reflect the complex local shapes needed to fit specific interactions into small areas. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 23 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JAN 29 PY 1999 VL 285 IS 4 BP 1377 EP 1382 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2411 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 164DN UT WOS:000078447300006 PM 9917382 ER PT J AU Nishikawa, M Itoh, K Holroyd, RA AF Nishikawa, M Itoh, K Holroyd, RA TI Electron attachment to CO2 in supercritical ethane SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID NONPOLAR-SOLVENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLUIDS; SOLVATION; PRESSURE; LIQUIDS; METHANE AB Thermal electrons attach reversibly to CO2 in supercritical ethane. The equilibrium constants range from 40 to 2 x 10(4) m(-1) for pressures from 50 to 220 bar at 33 and 37 degrees C. The attachment rate increases and the detachment rate decreases as the pressure increases. The lifetime of CO2- is between 20 and 100 ns in the high-pressure range. The reaction volume changes more than an order of magnitude, from -20.0 to -0.5 L/mol over the pressure and temperature ranges studied. The activation volume is approximately 50% of the reaction volume. Electrostriction volumes of the CO2- ion, calculated by a compressible continuum model, account for the main part of the observed reaction volumes. The calculation shows that the high-density region around each CO2- extends to 1 nm. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Pure & Appl Sci, Tokyo 153, Japan. Kanazawa Inst Technol, Fac Engn, Astugi 24302, Japan. RP Holroyd, RA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 4 BP 550 EP 556 DI 10.1021/jp983931u PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 174PA UT WOS:000079042500013 ER PT J AU Ohrwall, G Sundin, S Baltzer, P Bozek, J AF Ohrwall, G Sundin, S Baltzer, P Bozek, J TI Inner-valence states of CO+: comparison of photoelectron and resonant Auger spectra SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; CI CALCULATIONS; BAND SHAPE; RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON; N-2; IONIZATION; EXCITATION; MOLECULES AB We have recorded very-high-resolution photoelectron spectra of the inner-valence structure of CO+, excited with synchrotron radiation, and have resolved fine structure never previously observed. Recently presented resonant Anger decay spectra (Sundin et al 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 480, 1997 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 30 4267) have established the energy of two-hole one-particle Rydberg states, and a comparison with these has been made to explain some details of the spectra. C1 Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Coll Gavle Sandviken, S-80176 Gavle, Sweden. RP Ohrwall, G (reprint author), Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 32 IS 2 BP 463 EP 473 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/32/2/025 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 164DE UT WOS:000078446500029 ER PT J AU Butts, DA Rokhsar, DS AF Butts, DA Rokhsar, DS TI Predicted signatures of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS; MAGNETIC TRAP; GAS; SUPERFLUID AB Superfluids are distinguished from normal fluids by their peculiar response(1) to rotation: circulating flow in superfluid helium(2,3), a strongly coupled Bose liquid, can appear only as quantized vortices(4-6). The newly created Bose-Einstein condensates(7,9)- clouds of millions of ultracold, weakly interacting alkali-metal atoms that occupy a single quantum state-offer the possibility of investigating superfluidity in the weak-coupling regime, An outstanding question is whether Bose-Einstein condensates exhibit a mesoscopic quantum analogue of the macroscopic vortices in superfluids, and what its experimental signature would be, Here we report calculations of the low-energy states of a rotating, weakly interacting Bose gas. We find a succession of transitions between stable vortex patterns of differing symmetries that are in general qualitative agreement with observations(5) of rotating superfluid helium, a strong-coupling superfluid, Counterintuitively, the angular momentum per particle is not quantized. Some angular momenta are forbidden, corresponding to asymmetrical unstable states that provide a physical mechanism for the entry of vorticity into the condensate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rokhsar, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Butts, Daniel/B-8346-2008 OI Butts, Daniel/0000-0002-0158-5317 NR 27 TC 260 Z9 260 U1 0 U2 15 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6717 BP 327 EP 329 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 162BE UT WOS:000078324600042 ER PT J AU Dumitru, A Spieles, C AF Dumitru, A Spieles, C TI Inverse slope systematics in high-energy p+p and Au+Au reactions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; PHOTON PRODUCTION; MONTE-CARLO; MODEL; EQUILIBRATION; COLLIDER; SPECTRA; PHASE AB We employ the Monte Carlo PYTHIA to calculate the transverse mass spectra of various hadrons and their inverse slopes T* at m(T) - m = 1.5-2 GeV in p + p reactions at root s = 200 GeV. Due to (multiple) minijet production T* in general increases as a function of the hadron mass, Moreover, the T*(m) sp systematics has a ''discontinuity" at the charm threshold, i.e. the inverse slope of D-mesons is much higher than that of non-charmed hadrons and even of the heavier. Lambda(c) baryon. The experimental observation of this characteristic behaviour in Au + Au collisions would indicate the absence of c-quark rescattering. In contrast. the assumption of thermalized partons and hydrodynamical evolution would lead to a smoothly increasing T*(m), without discontinuity at the charm threshold. The degree of collective transverse now, indicated by the slope of the T*(m) systematics, depends strongly on whether kinetic equilibrium is maintained for some time after hadronization or not. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dumitru, A (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208124, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 446 IS 3-4 BP 326 EP 331 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01467-1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 164KQ UT WOS:000078463500021 ER PT J AU Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Case, T Cramer, O Crede, V Crowe, KM Degener, T Djaoshvili, N Von Dombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Ehmanns, A Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Heinzelmann, M Herbstrith, A Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Huttmann, K Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kammle, B Kammel, P Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Kurilla, U Lakata, M Landua, R Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Ouared, R Ould-Saada, F Peters, K Pick, B Pietra, C Pinder, CN Ratajczak, M Regenfus, C Resag, S Roethel, W Schmidt, P Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Suh, JS Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Uman, I Volcker, C Wallis-Plachner, S Walther, D Wiedner, U Wittmack, K AF Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Case, T Cramer, O Crede, V Crowe, KM Degener, T Djaoshvili, N Von Dombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Ehmanns, A Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Heinzelmann, M Herbstrith, A Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Huttmann, K Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kammle, B Kammel, P Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Kurilla, U Lakata, M Landua, R Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Ouared, R Ould-Saada, F Peters, K Pick, B Pietra, C Pinder, CN Ratajczak, M Regenfus, C Resag, S Roethel, W Schmidt, P Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Suh, JS Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Uman, I Volcker, C Wallis-Plachner, S Walther, D Wiedner, U Wittmack, K CA Crystal Barrel Collaboration TI Evidence for a pi eta-P-wave in (p)over-barp-annihilations at rest into pi(0)pi(0)eta SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID (P)OVER-BAR-P ANNIHILATION; EXOTIC MESON; RESONANCE; GEV/C; HADRONS; STATE AB A partial wave analysis is presented of two high-statistics data samples of protonium annihilation into pi(0)pi(0)eta in liquid and 12 arm gaseous hydrogen. The contributions from the S-1(0), P-3(1) and P-3(2) initial atomic fine structure states to the two data sits are different. The change of their fractional contributions when going from liquid to gaseous H-2 as calculated in a cascade model is imposed in fitting the data. Thus the uncertainty in the fraction of S-state and P-state capture is minimized. Both data sets allow a description with a common set of resonances and resonance parameters. The inclusion of a pi eta P-wave in the fit gives supportive evidence for the <(rho)over cap>(1405). with parameters compatible with previous findings. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Hungarian Acad Sci, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. LPHNE, F-75252 Paris PARIS 6, France. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Ctr Rech Nucl, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Abele, A (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Ratajczak, Mariusz Zdzislaw/N-1599-2014 OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; NR 26 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 446 IS 3-4 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01544-5 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 164KQ UT WOS:000078463500025 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muanza, GS Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pedace, M Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Sakar, S Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Szillasi, Z Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Timmermans, C Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Villa, S Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muanza, GS Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pedace, M Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Sakar, S Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Szillasi, Z Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Timmermans, C Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Villa, S Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G CA L3 Collaboration TI Search for charged Higgs bosons in e(+)e(-) collisions at centre-of-mass energies between 130 and 183 GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE BHABHA SCATTERING; LEPTON PAIR PRODUCTION; MONTE-CARLO; MUON DETECTOR; L3 EXPERIMENT; Z0 DECAYS; Z-PEAK; CONSTRUCTION; CALORIMETER; LEP2/NLC AB A search for pair-produced charged Higgs bosons is performed with the L3 detector at LEP using data collected at centre-of-mass energies from 130 to 183 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 88.3 pb(-1). The Higgs decays into a charm and a strange quark or into a tau lepton and its associated neutrino are considered. The observed candidates are consistent with the expectations from Standard Model background processes. A lower limit of 57.5 GeV on the charged Higgs mass is derived at 95% CL, independent of the decay branching ratio Br(H+/- --> tau nu). (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Univ Amsterdam, NIKEF, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Leece, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Leece, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CIEMAT, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ Naples Federico II, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Cyprus, Dept Nat Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Catholic Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mechatron & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Ctr High Energy Phys, Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, University, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Acciarri, M (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RI Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; OI D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Bertucci, Bruna/0000-0001-7584-293X NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 446 IS 3-4 BP 368 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01543-3 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 164KQ UT WOS:000078463500028 ER PT J AU Cess, RD Zhang, MH Valero, FPJ Pope, SK Bucholtz, A Bush, B Zender, CS Vitko, J AF Cess, RD Zhang, MH Valero, FPJ Pope, SK Bucholtz, A Bush, B Zender, CS Vitko, J TI Absorption of solar radiation by the cloudy atmosphere: Further interpretations of collocated aircraft measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SHORTWAVE AB We have extended the interpretations made in two prior studies of the aircraft shortwave radiation measurements that were obtained as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) Enhanced Shortwave Experiment (ARESE). These extended interpretations use the 500 nm (10 nm bandwidth) measurements to minimize sampling errors in the broadband measurements. It is indicated that the clouds present during this experiment absorb more shortwave radiation than predicted by clear skies and thus by theoretical models, that at least some (less than or equal to 20%) of this enhanced cloud absorption occurs at wavelengths <680 nm, and that the observed cloud absorption does not appear to be an artifact of sampling errors nor of instrument calibration errors. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM cess@atmsci.msrc.sunyb.edu RI Zender, Charles/D-4485-2012 OI Zender, Charles/0000-0003-0129-8024 NR 10 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 27 PY 1999 VL 104 IS D2 BP 2059 EP 2066 DI 10.1029/1998JD200058 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 160QJ UT WOS:000078242200010 ER PT J AU Basch, H Musaev, DG Morokuma, K Fryzuk, MD Love, JB Seidel, WW Albinati, A Koetzle, TF Klooster, WT Mason, SA Eckert, J AF Basch, H Musaev, DG Morokuma, K Fryzuk, MD Love, JB Seidel, WW Albinati, A Koetzle, TF Klooster, WT Mason, SA Eckert, J TI Theoretical predictions and single-crystal neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering studies on the reaction of dihydrogen with the dinuclear dinitrogen complex of zirconium [P2N2]Zr(mu-eta(2)-N-2)Zr[P2N2], P2N2=PhP(CH2SiMe2NSiMe2CH2)(2)PPh SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN; FIXATION; CLEAVAGE AB A single-crystal neutron diffraction analysis along with density functional calculations and incoherent inelastic neutron scattering studies has conclusively shown that the dihydrogen adduct of [P2N2]Zr(mu-eta(2)-N-2)Zr[P2N2] (1) (where P2N2 = PhP(CH2SiMe2NSiMe2CH2)(2)PPh) is [P2N2]Zr(mu-eta(2)-N2H)(mu-H)Zr[P2N2] (2), the complex with a bridging hydride and a N-N-H moiety, and not the dihydrogen complex [P2N2]Zr(mu-eta(2)-N-2)(mu-eta(2)-H-2)Zr[P2N2] (3), as was proposed on the basis of X-ray crystallographic data. In addition, DFT calculations show that the reaction of 1 with both H-2 and SiH4 is exothermic while an endothermic reaction is found for the reaction of 1 with CH4. C1 Emory Univ, Cherry L Emerson Ctr Sci Computat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ Milan, Ist Chim Farmaceut, I-20131 Milan, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Basch, H (reprint author), Emory Univ, Cherry L Emerson Ctr Sci Computat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI mason, sax /E-6738-2011; Fryzuk, Michael/B-7440-2015; Albinati, Alberto/I-1262-2015 OI Albinati, Alberto/0000-0002-8779-3327 NR 29 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 27 PY 1999 VL 121 IS 3 BP 523 EP 528 DI 10.1021/ja9824831 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 174NU UT WOS:000079041900006 ER PT J AU Campbell, IH Smith, DL AF Campbell, IH Smith, DL TI Schottky energy barriers and charge injection in metal/Alq/metal structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; ELECTRON; TRANSPORT; INTERFACE; ALUMINUM; DIODES AB We present internal photoemission, photocurrent versus bias voltage, and current-voltage measurements of metal/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum [Alq]/metal structures. Internal photoemission and photocurrent versus bias measurements were used to determine metal/Alq Schottky energy barriers for a range of contact metals with work functions from 2.7 eV (Sm) to 5.6 eV (Pt). The electron Schottky barrier for low work-function metals ( about 3.6 eV) the ideal Schottky model is generally accurate. A previously established device model was used to describe the current-voltage characteristics using the measured Schottky barriers. The results imply comparable electron and hole mobilities of about 2 x 10(-5) cm(2)/V s at an electric field of 10(6) V/cm. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)01701-0]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Campbell, IH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM campbell@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 4 BP 561 EP 563 DI 10.1063/1.123145 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 159LP UT WOS:000078174800027 ER PT J AU Crew, DC McCormick, PG Street, R AF Crew, DC McCormick, PG Street, R TI Isomagnetic reversal in sintered NdFeB SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETS AB Measurements of reversible and irreversible magnetization have been used to examine the reversal process on the initial magnetization curve in sintered NdFeB. It is found that the reversal process involves equal and opposite changes of irreversible and reversible magnetization, described here as isomagnetic reversal, resulting in no net change in magnetization during reversal. This result is consistent with the observation that magnetic viscosity is negligible on the initial magnetization curve. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00504-5]. C1 Univ Western Australia, Special Res Ctr Adv Mineral & Mat Proc, Perth, WA 6907, Australia. RP Crew, DC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 4 BP 591 EP 593 DI 10.1063/1.123155 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 159LP UT WOS:000078174800037 ER PT J AU Frank, P Hedman, B Hodgson, KO AF Frank, P Hedman, B Hodgson, KO TI Sulfur allocation and vanadium-sulfate interactions in whole blood cells from the tunicate Ascidia ceratodes, investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; PHALLUSIA-MAMMILLATA; HALOCYNTHIA-RORETZI; EDGE STRUCTURE; VANADOCYTES; TUNICHROMES; CHEMISTRY; ION AB Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has been used to investigate the distribution of sulfur types in two whole blood cell samples, in selected subcellular blood fractions, and in cell-free plasma from the tunicate Ascidia ceratodes. Whole blood cells are rich in sulfate, aliphatic sulfonate, and low-valent sulfur. The sulfur K-edge XAS spectrum of washed blood cell membranes revealed traces of sulfate and low-valent sulfur, but no sulfate ester or sulfonate. Sulfonate is thus exclusively cytosolic. Cell-free blood plasma contains primarily sulfate sulfur. Gaussian fitting and sulfate quantitation for two whole blood cell samples, each representing dozens of individuals from separate collections taken per annum, yielded average sulfur type concentrations for the two populations: (first year, second year): [sulfate], 110 mM, 150 mM; [sulfonate], 99 mM, 70 mM, and; [low valent sulfur], 41 mM, 220 mM. On titration of sulfate with acid or V(III) in aqueous solution, the strong 2482.4 eV 1s --> (valence t(2)) sulfur K-edge XAS transition of tetrahedral SO42- splits into 1s --> a(I) and 1s --> e transitions, because HSO4- and VSO4+ are of C-3v symmetry. Gaussian fits and appropriate comparisons allow the following assignments: (compound/complex, 1s --> a(I) (eV), 1s --> e (eV)): myo-inositol hexasulfate, 2480.8, 2482.8; HSO4-, 2481.4, 2482.7; VSO4+, 2481.2, 2482.9. The energy separating the al and e states of complexed sulfate appears to be solvation dependent. From these studies is derived an explicit inorganic spectrochemical model for biological V(III) and sulfate. The average endogenous equilomer concentrations of sulfate complexed with V(III) and/or H+ within the two blood cell samples are calculated from this model. The results provide a natural explanation for the observed biological broadening of A. ceratodes blood cell sulfur K-edge XAS spectra. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 84 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 260 EP 270 DI 10.1021/ic980792m PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 161LR UT WOS:000078290900010 ER PT J AU Xu, JD Raymond, KN AF Xu, JD Raymond, KN TI Uranyl sequestering agents: Correlation of properties and efficacy with structure for UO22+ complexes of linear tetradentate 1-methyl-3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone ligands SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO CHELATION; INJECTED PU-238; DFO-HOPO; RAT; 3,4,3-LIHOPO; URANIUM; EXCRETION; ACTINIDES; MICE; DTPA AB A rational design of uranyl sequestering agents based on 3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone ligands has resulted in the first effective agents for mammalian uranyl decorporation. In this study crystal structures of uranyl complexes with four of these agents are compared and correlated with the chemical and biological properties. These hydroxypyridinone ligands bind the uranyl ion in the equator of a pentagonal prism; a solvent molecule fills the fifth coordination site. The tetradentate ligands are composed of two hydroxypyridonate groups connected by a diamine linker via amide coupling. The dihedral angles between two pyridinone ring planes in these complexes differ as the length of linear backbone changes, giving these molecules a ruffled shape. The physical parameters (such as NMR chemical shifts) of the uranyl complexes with tetradentate Me-3,2-HOPO ligands correlate with the length of the diamine linker, as does the in vivo activity. The ligands are amides of 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-2(1H)-4-carboxypyridone. For L-1 the amine is propane amine. For the tetradentate bis-amides the linker groups are (L-3) 1,3-diaminopropane, (L-4) 1,4-diaminobutane, (L-5) 1,5-diaminopentane. Crystal data: [UO2(L-1)(2). DMF], space group, C2/c, cell constants: a=37.430(8) Angstrom, b = 7.0808(14) Angstrom, c=26.781(5) Angstrom, beta=130.17(3)degrees, V=5424(2) Angstrom(3), Z=8. [UO2L3. DMSO], Pnma, a=8.4113(1) Angstrom, b = 16.0140(3) Angstrom, c = 16.7339(3) Angstrom, V= 2254.03(5) Angstrom(3), Z = 4. [UO2L4. DMSO]. DMSO . H2O . 0.5C(6)H(12), P2(1)/n, a = 26.7382(4) Angstrom, b = 7.4472(1) Angstrom, c = 31.4876(2) Angstrom, V = 6209.05(13) Angstrom(3), Z = 8. [UO2L5. DMSO]. DMSO, Pnma, a = 7.3808(1) Angstrom, b = 14.7403(3) Angstrom, c 23.1341(3) Angstrom, V=2516.88(8) Angstrom(3), Z= 4. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Chem Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Raymond, KN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 308 EP 315 DI 10.1021/ic980993q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 161LR UT WOS:000078290900018 ER PT J AU Huang, DP Corbett, JD AF Huang, DP Corbett, JD TI Na9K16Tl18Cd3: A novel phase containing Tl8Cd310- and Tl-5(7-) clusters SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ZINTL PHASE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND; POLYANIONS; CHEMISTRY; CS AB Reaction of the elements in tantalum containers at 450 degrees C followed by slow cooling yields the title phase, which crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P6(3)/mmc (No. 194), Z = 2, n = 11.136(6) Angstrom, c = 29.352(7) Angstrom. The compound contains separate layers of Tl8Cd310- and Tl-5(7-) clusters separated by Na+ and KC cations, viz., (Na+)(9)(K+)(16)(Tl-5(7-))(2)(Tl8Cd310-)e(-) The new Tl8Cd310- is a pentacapped trigonal prism (D-3h), isosteric and isoelectronic with Tl-11(7-), With Cd substituted in the waist-capping positions, the vertexes with the least negative Mulliken charge in the parent cluster. The compound is semiconducting and Curie-Weiss paramagnetic (-1.50 mu(B)), these evidently reflecting the extra electron trapped in some alkali-metal-bordered cavity. Some energetics of the atom substitution reaction are considered. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 316 EP 320 DI 10.1021/ic9807792 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 161LR UT WOS:000078290900019 ER PT J AU Lobree, LJ Aylor, AW Reimer, JA Bell, AT AF Lobree, LJ Aylor, AW Reimer, JA Bell, AT TI NO reduction by CH4 in the presence of O-2 over Pd-H-ZSM-5 SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID PALLADIUM-LOADED ZEOLITES; NITROGEN MONOXIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; CATALYTIC REDUCTION; METHANE; OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; CONVERSION; CO-ZSM-5 AB An investigation of the interaction of NO and NO2 with Pd-H-ZSM-5, as well as the reduction of NO by CH4, has been conducted using mass spectrometry and in situ infrared spectroscopy. Prior to reaction most of the Pd in Pd-H-ZSM-5 (Pd/Al = 0.048) is present as Pd2+ cations. NO reduction by CH4 in the absence of O-2 results in the progressive reduction of Pd2+ cations above 610 K and the formation of small Pd particles. Reduction of Pd2+ cations is significantly suppressed when O-2 is added to the feed of NO and CH4. In situ infrared spectroscopy reveals the presence of NO+ and NO as the principal adsorbed species. NO+ is present as a charge-compensating cation (e.g., Z(-)NO(+)) and is believed to be formed via the reaction 2 Z(-)H(+) + 2 NO + 1/2 O-2 = 2 Z(-)NO(+) + H2O. NO+ does not react with CH4 at temperatures up to 773 K. Adsorbed NO reacts with CH4 above 650 K and CN species are observed as intermediates. The latter species react with both NO, O-2, and presumably NO2. Based on the accumulated data, a mechanism is proposed to explain the reduction of NO by CH4 both in the presence and absence of O-2. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 31 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 181 IS 2 BP 189 EP 204 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2303 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 162PV UT WOS:000078356700003 ER PT J AU Khodakov, A Olthof, B Bell, AT Iglesia, E AF Khodakov, A Olthof, B Bell, AT Iglesia, E TI Structure and catalytic properties of supported vanadium oxides: Support effects on oxidative dehydrogenation reactions SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID LASER RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; BUTANE OXIDATION; ACTIVE LAYER; SURFACE; PROPANE; MOLYBDENUM; CLUSTERS; ZIRCONIA; ALKANES AB The effects of support (Al2O3, SiO2, HfO2, TiO2, and ZrO2) on the structure and catalytic behavior of supported vanadia in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane were examined over a wide range of vanadium surface densities (0.5-15.0 VOx/nm(2)). X-ray diffraction and Raman and UV-visible spectra showed that vanadia exists as highly dispersed species at surface densities below 7 VOx/nm(2) on Al2O3, HfO2, TiO2, and ZrO2, but as large V2O5 crystallites on SiO2. Surface structures evolve from isolated monovanadates to polyvanadate domains and V2O5 crystallites as VOx, surface density increases. Polyvanadates appear at lower surface densities on ZrO2 and TiO2 than on Al2O3 and HfO2. UV-visible edge energies decrease as VOx domains grow with increasing VOx surface density on all supports. Initial propene selectivities increase with increasing VOx surface density, as monovanadate species and exposed support sites, which favor primary combustion pathways, decrease in concentration. Oxidative dehydrogenation rates per V-atom reach a maximum on VOx domains of intermediate size, which provide a balance between the activity of surface VOx species and their accessibility to reactants. Interactions with supports determine the type of VOx structures present at a given surface density, but turnover rates do not depend on the identity of the support when differences in VOx structure are taken into account. Oxidative dehydrogenation turnover rates are similar on polyvanadate species and on surface VOx sites on bulk V2O5 The relative rates of oxidative dehydrogenation to form propene and of secondary propene oxidation to COx do not depend on the identity of the support or on VOx surface density or structure. Thus, it appears that these two reactions require similar VOx surface sites and that these sites are present at similar surface densities on polyvanadate domains and small V2O5 clusters. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Khodakov, Andrei/I-3379-2014; Iglesia, Enrique/D-9551-2017; OI Khodakov, Andrei/0000-0003-4599-3969; Iglesia, Enrique/0000-0003-4109-1001; Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 58 TC 426 Z9 433 U1 15 U2 155 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 181 IS 2 BP 205 EP 216 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2295 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 162PV UT WOS:000078356700004 ER PT J AU Setlow, RB AF Setlow, RB TI Raymond Latarjet (1911-1998) - In memoriam SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Setlow, RB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 423 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 188 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 166HC UT WOS:000078569300022 ER PT J AU Hori, K AF Hori, K TI Consistency conditions for the five-brane in M-theory on R-5/Z(2) orbifold SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE M-theory; Dirac quantization condition; orientifold ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; SP(N-C) GAUGE-THEORIES; MODULI SPACES; SUPER-QCD; ORIENTIFOLDS; DUALITIES; VACUA AB We derive some consistency conditions for the five-brane in M-theory on R-5/ Z(2) Orbifold from the quantization law for the antisymmetric tensor field. We construct consistent five-brans configurations in R-5/Z(2) type orbifold that exhibit the correct low energy dynamics of N = 2 SQCD in four dimensions with symplectic and orthogonal gauge groups. This leads us to propose the M-theory realization of orientifold four-planes of various types, and we study their properties by applying the consistency conditions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hori, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 266 Le Conte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 49 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 539 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00728-7 PG 44 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 161DU UT WOS:000078274100003 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, T Vogt, R AF Gutierrez, T Vogt, R TI Leading charm in hadron-nucleus interactions in the intrinsic charm model SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID PSI-PSI-PRODUCTION; PI-P-INTERACTIONS; MESON PRODUCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; BOTTOM PRODUCTION; DOUBLE QUARKONIUM; DRELL-YAN; GEV/C; HADROPRODUCTION; ASYMMETRIES AB Leading charm hadrons produced in hadron-nucleus interactions cannot be adequately described within the parton fusion model. Recent results on charm baryon production in Sigma(-)A interactions at 330 GeV with the WA89 detector disagree with fusion predictions. Intrinsic heavy quark pairs in the Sigma(-)(dds) wavefunction provide a simple mechanism for producing fast charm hadrons, We calculate leading charm baryon production from Sigma(-), pi(-) and p projectiles in a two component model combining parton fusion with intrinsic charm. Final state D-, Sigma(c)(0), Xi(c)(+), and Lambda(c)(+) d sigma/dx(F) distributions and D-/D+, D-s(-)/D-s(+) and Lambda(c)(+)/<(lambda)over bar>(+)(c) asymmetries are compared to WA89 data. Predictions are made for 650 GeV Sigma(-)A and pi(-)A interactions in the SELEX detector at Fermilab and for 800 GeV pA interactions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 539 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00748-2 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 161DU UT WOS:000078274100009 ER PT J AU Zhou, ZL Bouwhuis, M Ferro-Luzzi, M Passchier, E Alarcon, R Anghinolfi, M Arenhovel, H van Bommel, R Botto, T van den Brand, JFJ Bulten, HJ Choi, S Comfort, J Dolfini, SM Ent, R Gaulard, C Higinbotham, DW de Jager, CW Konstantinov, E Lang, J Leidemann, W de Lange, DJ Miller, MA Nikolenko, D Papadakis, N Passchier, I Poolman, HR Popov, SG Rachek, I Ripani, M Six, E Steijger, JJM Taiuti, M Unal, O Vodinas, N de Vries, H AF Zhou, ZL Bouwhuis, M Ferro-Luzzi, M Passchier, E Alarcon, R Anghinolfi, M Arenhovel, H van Bommel, R Botto, T van den Brand, JFJ Bulten, HJ Choi, S Comfort, J Dolfini, SM Ent, R Gaulard, C Higinbotham, DW de Jager, CW Konstantinov, E Lang, J Leidemann, W de Lange, DJ Miller, MA Nikolenko, D Papadakis, N Passchier, I Poolman, HR Popov, SG Rachek, I Ripani, M Six, E Steijger, JJM Taiuti, M Unal, O Vodinas, N de Vries, H TI Tensor analyzing powers for quasielastic electron scattering from deuterium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON CROSS-SECTIONS; FORM-FACTOR; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION; POLARIZED ELECTRONS; STORAGE-RING; NEUTRON; TARGET AB We report on a first measurement of tensor analyzing powers in quasielastic electron-deuteron scattering at an average three-momentum transfer of 1.7 fm(-1). Data sensitive to the spin-dependent nucleon density in the deuteron were obtained for missing momenta up to 150 MeV/c with a tensor polarized H-2 target internal to an electron storage ring. The data are well described by a calculation that includes the effects of final-state interaction, meson-exchange and isobar currents, and leading-order relativistic contributions. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. ETH Zurich, Inst Teilchenphys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. TJNAF, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38050 Trent, Italy. Univ Trento, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Coll Trento, I-38050 Trent, Italy. RP Zhou, ZL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014 OI Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 687 EP 690 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.687 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300004 ER PT J AU Collins, CB Davanloo, F Iosif, MC Dussart, R Hicks, JM Karamian, SA Ur, CA Popescu, II Kirischuk, VI Carroll, JJ Roberts, HE McDaniel, P Crist, CE AF Collins, CB Davanloo, F Iosif, MC Dussart, R Hicks, JM Karamian, SA Ur, CA Popescu, II Kirischuk, VI Carroll, JJ Roberts, HE McDaniel, P Crist, CE TI Accelerated emission of gamma rays from the 31-yr isomer of Hf-178 induced by X-ray irradiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER AB A sample of 6.3 X 10(14) nuclei of the 4-quasiparticle isomer of Hf-178 having a half-life of 31 yr and excitation energy of 2.446 MeV was irradiated with x-ray pulses from a device typically used in dental medicine. It was operated at 15 mA to produce bremsstrahlung radiation with an end point energy set to be 70 or 90 keV. Spectra of the isomeric target were taken with a high purity Ge detector. Intensities of selected transitions in the normal decay cascade of the Hf-178 isomer were found to increase by about 4%. Such an accelerated decay is consistent with an integrated cross section of 1 x 10(-21) cm(2) keV for the resonant absorption of x rays to induce gamma decay. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Quantum Elect, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. H Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. RC IGE Fdn, Bucharest, Romania. Inst Nucl Res, Ctr Sci, Kiev, Ukraine. Youngstown State Univ, Ctr Photon Induced Proc, Youngstown, OH 44555 USA. SRS Technol, Syst Technol Grp, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. USAF, Res Lab, DEPA, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ Texas, Ctr Quantum Elect, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. NR 9 TC 113 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 695 EP 698 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.695 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300006 ER PT J AU Liu, W Boshier, MG Dhawan, S van Dyck, O Egan, P Fei, X Perdekamp, MG Hughes, VW Janousch, M Jungmann, K Kawall, D Mariam, FG Pillai, C Prigl, R zu Putlitz, G Reinhard, I Schwarz, W Thompson, PA Woodle, KA AF Liu, W Boshier, MG Dhawan, S van Dyck, O Egan, P Fei, X Perdekamp, MG Hughes, VW Janousch, M Jungmann, K Kawall, D Mariam, FG Pillai, C Prigl, R zu Putlitz, G Reinhard, I Schwarz, W Thompson, PA Woodle, KA TI High precision measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure interval of muonium and of the muon magnetic moment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENIC ATOMS; FREQUENCY; CHANNEL; LAMPF; FIELD; NMR AB High precision measurements of two Zeeman hyperfine transitions in the ground state of muonium in a strong magnetic field have been made at LAMPF using microwave magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a resonance line narrowing technique. These determine the most precise values of the ground state hyperfine structure interval of muonium Delta nu = 4463 302765(53) Hz (12 ppb), and of the ratio of magnetic moments mu(mu)/mu(p) = 3.183 34513(39) (120 ppb), representing a factor of 3 improvement. Values of the mass ratio m(mu)/m(e) and the fine structure constant alpha are derived from these results. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. ETH Zurich, Inst Particle Phys, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, W (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Janousch, Markus/B-3285-2010; Jungmann, Klaus/A-7142-2010; jungmann, klaus/H-1581-2013; Boshier, Malcolm/A-2128-2017 OI jungmann, klaus/0000-0003-0571-4072; Boshier, Malcolm/0000-0003-0769-1927 NR 30 TC 173 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 711 EP 714 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.711 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300010 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Blair, D Kwok, WK Karapetrov, G Welp, U Crabtree, GW Vinokur, VM Tsimring, LS AF Aranson, IS Blair, D Kwok, WK Karapetrov, G Welp, U Crabtree, GW Vinokur, VM Tsimring, LS TI Controlled dynamics of interfaces in a vibrated granular layer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PATTERN-FORMATION; WAVE PATTERNS AB We present an experimental study of a topological excitation, interface, in a vertically vibrated layer of granular material. We show that these interfaces, which separate regions of granular material oscillating with opposite phases, can be shifted and controlled by a very small amount of additional subharmonic driving mixed with the harmonic driving signal. The speed and the direction of the interface motion depends sensitively on the phase and the amplitude of the subharmonic driving. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008; Blair, Daniel/C-7911-2017 OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137; NR 21 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 731 EP 734 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.731 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300015 ER PT J AU Bailey, JE Chung, HK Carlson, AL Cohen, D Johnson, DJ Lake, P MacFarlane, JJ Wang, P Welch, DR AF Bailey, JE Chung, HK Carlson, AL Cohen, D Johnson, DJ Lake, P MacFarlane, JJ Wang, P Welch, DR TI Spectroscopic measurements of argon plasma formation by a high-intensity lithium ion beam SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT; EXCITATION; GAS; IONIZATION; LINES AB We describe the first measurements of plasma formation by a 20 nsec, 9 MeV, 20 kA/cm(2) Li+3 ion beam injected into 2-Torr argon, conditions similar to inertial-fusion ion-beam transport requirements. A new visible-spectroscopy diagnostic exploits ion-beam-excited Ar II transitions to measure the time-resolved plasma electron density (10(15) cm(-3) - 10(16) cm(-3)) and temperature (1-2 eV) during the initial breakdown phase. Stark broadening and line intensity ratios are used as diagnostics after the plasma forms. Comparisons with computer simulations examine intense-beam effects important for the transport of light- and heavy-ion beams. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Fus Technol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. K Tech Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. RP Bailey, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 739 EP 742 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.739 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300017 ER PT J AU Ozolins, V Zunger, A AF Ozolins, V Zunger, A TI Theory of systematic absence of NaCl-type (beta-Sn-type) high pressure phases in covalent (ionic) semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID V ZINCBLENDE SEMICONDUCTORS; III-V; TOTAL-ENERGY; TRANSITIONS; STABILITY; SOLIDS; STATE; TIN; SI AB Recent high pressure x-ray experiments show that, contrary to traditional expectations, the NaCl structure is not present in covalent semiconductors, and the diatomic beta-Sn structure is absent in all compound semiconductors. We explain these systematic absences in terms of dynamical phonon instabilities of the NaCl and beta-Sn crystal structures. Covalent materials in the NaCl structure become dynamically unstable with respect to the transverse acoustic TA[001] phonon, while ionic compounds in the beta-Sn structure exhibit phonon instabilities in the longitudinal optical LO[00 xi] branch. The latter lead to predicted new high pressure phases of octet semiconductors. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ozolins, V (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Ozolins, Vidvuds/D-4578-2009; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 28 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 767 EP 770 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.767 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300024 ER PT J AU Verdozzi, C Jennison, DR Schultz, PA Sears, MP AF Verdozzi, C Jennison, DR Schultz, PA Sears, MP TI Sapphire (0001) surface, clean and with d-metal overlayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL SURFACES; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; OXIDE SURFACES; ALPHA-AL2O3; ADSORPTION; EQUATION; CORUNDUM; CLUSTERS; ENERGIES AB We present local density-functional results for structural and electronic properties of Al2O3(0001), clean and with Pt and Ag adsorption. Significant surface relaxations penetrate to the third oxygen layer, 5.2 Angstrom below the surface. The dominant mechanism of metal adhesion is polarization and is relatively weak (similar or equal to 0.4 and 0.6 eV/atom for Ag and Pt, respectively); however, isolated metal atoms bind up to 5X as strongly with an ionic bond induced by the surface Madelung potential. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Liverpool, IRCSS, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RP Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys, Edinburgh EH9 3JX, Midlothian, Scotland. EM verdozzi@ph.ed.ac.uk NR 38 TC 203 Z9 203 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 799 EP 802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.799 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 160DN UT WOS:000078215300032 ER PT J AU Meriaudeau, F Downey, T Wig, A Passian, A Buncick, M Ferrell, TL AF Meriaudeau, F Downey, T Wig, A Passian, A Buncick, M Ferrell, TL TI Fiber optic sensor based on gold island plasmon resonance SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE surface plasmons; metal islands; sensor; oblate spheroid; optical fiber ID SURFACE; FILMS; SPHEROIDS; SUBSTRATE AB A fiber optic chemical sensor based on gold-island surface plasmon excitation is presented. The sensing part of the fiber is a one inch portion on which cladding has been removed and onto which a thin layer of gold has been deposited to form a particulate surface. Annealing the gold reshapes the particles and produces an absorbance near 535 nm when the only medium residing outside the surface is air. A range of wavelengths provided by a white light source and monochromator is launched through the optical fiber. The transmitted spectra display shifts in the resonance absorption due to any changes in the medium surrounding, or adsorbed onto the fiber. Experimental results for the sensitivity and dynamic range in the measurement of liquid solutions are in agreement with a basic theoretical model which characterizes the surface plasmon using nonretarded electrodynamics. Furthermore, the model assumes the particles are isolated oblate spheroids with a distribution of eccentricities. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 LE2I, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Photometr Grp, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Memphis, Dept Phys, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Meriaudeau, F (reprint author), LE2I, 12 rue Fonderie, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. EM fabrice.meriaudeau@iutlecreusot.u-borgogne.fr NR 29 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1999 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 106 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(98)00318-9 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 177HD UT WOS:000079203800014 ER PT J AU Chen, YR Larimer, FW Serpersu, EH Hartman, FC AF Chen, YR Larimer, FW Serpersu, EH Hartman, FC TI Identification of a catalytic aspartyl residue of D-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase by site-directed mutagenesis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; PROTON ABSTRACTION; MANDELATE RACEMASE; TRANSITION-STATES; CARBON ACIDS; MECHANISM; ENZYMES AB Guided by comparative sequence considerations, we have examined the possibility of a catalytic role of Asp(186) Of D-ribulose B-phosphate epimerase by site-directed mutagenesis of the recombinant spinach enzyme. Accordingly, D186A, D186N, and D186E mutants of the epimerase were constructed, purified, and characterized; as judged by their electrophoretic mobilities the mutants are properly assembled into octamers like the wild-type enzyme. Based on the extent of internal quenching of Trp fluorescence, the conformational integrity of the wild-type enzyme is preserved in the mutants. The wild-type k(cat) of 7.1 x 10(3) s(-1) is lowered to 3.3 x 10(-4) s(-1) in D186A, 0.13 s(-1) in D186N, and 1.1 s(-1) in D186E; as gauged by D186A, altogether lacking a functional side chain at position 186, the beta-carboxyl of Asp(186) facilitates catalysis by >10(7)-fold. Relative to the wildtype enzyme, the K-m for D-ribulose fi-phosphate is essentially unaltered with D186N and D186E but increased 10-fold with D186A, Apart from their impairments in epimerase activity, the mutants are unable to catalyze exchange between solvent protons and the C3 proton of substrates. This deficiency and the differential alterations of kinetic parameters among the mutants are consistent with Asp(186) serving as an electrophile to facilitate alpha-proton abstraction. This study is the first to identify a catalytic group of the epimerase. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Prot Engn Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Hartman, FC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Prot Engn Program, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 4 BP 2132 EP 2136 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.4.2132 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 159QL UT WOS:000078185200042 PM 9890975 ER PT J AU Pibel, CD McIlroy, A Taatjes, CA Alfred, S Patrick, K Halpern, JB AF Pibel, CD McIlroy, A Taatjes, CA Alfred, S Patrick, K Halpern, JB TI The vinyl radical, ((A)over-tilde-(2)A ''<-(X)over-tilde-(2)A ') spectrum between 530 and 415 nm measured by cavity ring-down spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC STATES; RATE-CONSTANT; ABSORPTION; C2H3 AB High resolution (0.008 nm) transient absorption spectra have been measured for the vinyl radical (C2H3) (A) over tilde(2)A"<--(X) over tilde(2)A' transition between 530 and 415 nm using cavity ring-down laser absorption spectroscopy. This is over 200 times better resolution than the only previous recorded spectrum of vinyl in this wavelength region by Hunziker, Kneppe, McLean, Siegbahn, and Wendt [Can J. Chem. 61, 993 (1983)]. With the improved resolution in the present study, new vibrational bands are detected, and some rotational structure of the bands is resolved. A calculation of the envelope of the origin band was carried out, using a model for a c-type transition of an asymmetric top. For a best fit to the data, the model requires a 1 cm(-1) Lorentzian linewidth, which suggests a short-lived excited state. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)02604-5]. C1 American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Pibel, CD (reprint author), American Univ, Dept Chem, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA. NR 15 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1841 EP 1843 DI 10.1063/1.477850 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156ZU UT WOS:000078034900001 ER PT J AU Bauschlicher, CW Melius, CF Allendorf, MD AF Bauschlicher, CW Melius, CF Allendorf, MD TI Gallium compounds, a possible problem for the G2 approaches SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-CLUSTER THEORY; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ELECTRON CORRELATION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; MOLECULES; ENERGIES; 1ST-ROW AB The G2 atomization energies of fluorine and oxygen containing Ga compounds are greatly in error. This arises from an inversion of the Ga 3d core orbital and the F 2s or O 2s valence orbitals. Adding the Ga 3d orbital to the correlation treatment or removing the F 2s orbitals from the correlation treatment are shown to eliminate the problem. Removing the O 2s orbital from the correlation treatment reduces the error, but it can still be more than 6 kcal/ mol. It is concluded that the experimental atomization energy of GaF2 is too large. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)30403-7]. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bauschlicher, CW (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, STC-230-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1879 EP 1881 DI 10.1063/1.477851 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156ZU UT WOS:000078034900005 ER PT J AU Mashl, RJ Gronbech-Jensen, N Fitzsimmons, MR Lutt, M Li, DQ AF Mashl, RJ Gronbech-Jensen, N Fitzsimmons, MR Lutt, M Li, DQ TI Theoretical and experimental adsorption studies of polyelectrolytes on an oppositely charged surface SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEINS; KINETICS; FLOCCULATION AB Using self-assembly techniques, x-ray reflectivity measurements, and computer simulations, we study the effective interaction between charged polymer rods and surfaces. Long-time Brownian dynamics simulations are used to measure the effective adhesion force acting on the rods in a model consisting of a planar array of uniformly positively charged, stiff rods and a negatively charged planar substrate in the presence of explicit monovalent counterions and added monovalent salt ions in a continuous, isotropic dielectric medium. This electrostatic model predicts an attractive polymer-surface adhesion force that is weakly dependent on the bulk salt concentration and that shows fair agreement with a Debye-Huckel approximation for the macroion interaction at salt concentrations near 0.1 M. Complementary x-ray reflectivity experiments on poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium! chloride monolayer films on the native oxide of silicon show that monolayer structure, electron density, and surface roughness are likewise independent of the bulk ionic strength of the solution. [S0021-9606(99)70404-6]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mashl, RJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, NCSA, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 4 BP 2219 EP 2225 DI 10.1063/1.477834 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156ZU UT WOS:000078034900045 ER PT J AU Gotmar, G Fornstedt, T Guiochon, G AF Gotmar, G Fornstedt, T Guiochon, G TI Peak tailing and mass transfer kinetics in linear chromatography - Dependence on the column length and the linear velocity of the mobile phase SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium in Honor of J Calvin Giddings in Conjunction with the 214th ACS National Meeting CY SEP 08-11, 1997 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA SP ACS DE peak tailing; mass transfer kinetics; column length; mobile phase velocity; linear velocity ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PROPRANOLOL ENANTIOMERS; ADSORPTION BEHAVIOR; BAND PROFILES; SEPARATION; CELLULASE AB Although peak tailing in analytical (i.e., linear) chromatography is often considered to be associated merely with slow mass transfer kinetics, we show that it results rather from the use of too short a column, at too high a mobile phase velocity, under such conditions that the mass transfer kinetics is insufficiently fast. The phenomenon is characterized by the dimensionless Stanton number, St=k(f)L/u (with k(f) the rate coefficient of mass transfer, L the column length, and u the linear velocity of the mobile phase) which relates the average residence time of the molecules in the stationary phase (1/k(f)) and the column hold-up time (t(o)=L/u). If there is only one retention mechanism (e.g., in adsorption chromatography, if the surface of the adsorbent phase is homogenous), there is a critical range of Stanton numbers around 1 (depending slightly on the retention factor). If St<1, a split peak effect is observed. For 11000, the peak profile is Gaussian and asf(10)=1.0. If there is a mixed mechanism (e.g., with a heterogenous adsorbent surface), the relationship between peak shape and Stanton numbers is more complex as it also depends on the relative contribution of both mechanisms to retention. The peak may tail severely for values of the smaller Stanton number between 10 and 100 and asf(10) may be large. Split peak effect may arise at Stanton numbers below 10. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Uppsala, Dept Pharmaceut Analyt Chem, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. OI Fornstedt, Torgny/0000-0002-7123-2066 NR 17 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 831 IS 1 BP 17 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00648-7 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 162TU UT WOS:000078363500003 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Fowler, JS Cervany, P Hitzemann, RJ Pappas, NR Wong, CT Felder, C AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Fowler, JS Cervany, P Hitzemann, RJ Pappas, NR Wong, CT Felder, C TI Regional brain metabolic activation during craving elicited by recall of previous drug experiences SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE cocaine abuser; cocaine cue; FDG; positron emission tomography ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; COCAINE ABUSE; MEMORY; PET; RESPONSES; STIMULI; CUES; DEPENDENCE AB Cocaine cues elicit craving and physiological responses. The cerebral circuits involved in these are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to assess the relation between regional brain activation and cocaine cue elicited responses. Thirteen right-handed cocaine abusers were scanned with positron emission tomography (PET) and [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) twice; during an interactive interview about neutral themes and during an interactive interview about cocaine themes designed to elicit cocaine craving. In parallel the behavioral (rated from 0: felt nothing to 10: felt extreme) and cardiovascular responses were recorded. During the cocaine theme interview subjects reported higher self reports for cocaine craving (+2.5+/-3.3, p less than or equal to 0.02) and had higher heart rates (+4.7+/-7.2%, p less than or equal to 0.001), systolic (+4+/-4%, p less than or equal to 0.0001), and diastolic blood pressures (+2.6+/-3.8%, p less than or equal to 0.003) than during the neutral interview. Absolute and relative metabolic values in the orbitofrontal (+16.4+/-17.1%, p 0.005; +11.3+/-14.3%, p less than or equal to 0.008) and left insular cortex (+21.6+/-19.6%, p less than or equal to 0.002; +16.7+/-19.7%, p less than or equal to 0.01) and relative values in cerebellum (+17.9+/-14.8%, p less than or equal to 0.0008) were higher during the cocaine theme than during the neutral theme interview. Relative metabolic values in the right insular region (p less than or equal to 0.0008) were significantly correlated with self reports of cocaine craving. Activation of the temporal insula, a brain region involved with autonomic control, and of the orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region involved with expectancy and reinforcing salience of stimuli, during the cocaine theme support their involvement with craving in cocaine addicted subjects. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Northport, NY USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 06 891-02] NR 45 TC 228 Z9 237 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 64 IS 9 BP 775 EP 784 DI 10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00619-5 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 162ZR UT WOS:000078378200007 PM 10075110 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Baker, I Gray, GT Cady, C AF Yang, Y Baker, I Gray, GT Cady, C TI The yield stress anomaly in stoichiometric FeAl at high strain rate SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; TENSILE PROPERTIES; FRACTURE; FLOW; AL; HARDNESS; FE-40AL C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 22 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00448-5 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 171VT UT WOS:000078885300003 ER PT J AU Fritz, IJ Hafich, MJ Klem, JF Casalnuovo, SA AF Fritz, IJ Hafich, MJ Klem, JF Casalnuovo, SA TI Barrier-width dependence of emission in triple-quantum-well broadband light-emitting diodes SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Broadband (1.3-1.9 mu m) emission has been demonstrated using triple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes fabricated from InGaAs/InGaAlAs digital alloys. Obtaining comparable emission intensities from the three wells requires careful choice of the barrier-layer thicknesses. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 171 EP 172 DI 10.1049/el:19990068 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 167HW UT WOS:000078627300053 ER PT J AU Nash, CS Bursten, BE AF Nash, CS Bursten, BE TI Spin-orbit effects, VSEPR theory, and the electronic structures of heavy and superheavy group IVA hydrides and group VIIIA tetrafluorides. A partial role reversal for elements 114 and 118 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; ABINITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; FLUORIDES; CORE; HG; RN; POTENTIALS; MOLECULES; GEOMETRY; SETS AB Relativistic effective core potentials and spin-orbit operators are used in relativistic configuration interaction calculations to explore the effects of spin-orbit coupling an the electronic structures of atoms and molecules of elements 114 and 118. The monohydrides of group IVA and the tetrafluorides of group VIIIA are examined in order to provide examples of trends within families among the various periods. The spin-orbit effect is found to play a dominant role in the determination of atomic and molecular properties. Several nonintuitive consequences of spin-orbit coupling are presented, including the depiction of element 114 as a closed-shell "noble" atom and the suggestion that the VSEPR theory is inadequate to describe the geometry of the rare gas tetrafluoride, (118)F-4. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Nash, CS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nash6@llnl.gov; bursten@chemistry.ohio-state.edu NR 33 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 3 BP 402 EP 410 DI 10.1021/jp982735k PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 174NZ UT WOS:000079042400011 ER PT J AU Markovic, NM Grgur, BN Lucas, CA Ross, PN AF Markovic, NM Grgur, BN Lucas, CA Ross, PN TI Electrooxidation of CO and H-2/CO mixtures on Pt(111) in acid solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ADSORBED CO; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PLATINUM-ELECTRODE; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; OXIDATION; HYDROGEN; ELECTROCATALYSIS AB Electrocatalysis of CO oxidation and the interfacial structure of the CO adlayer (COad) on the Pt(111) surface in 0.5 M H2SO4 were examined by using the rotating disk electrode method in combination with in situ surface X-ray diffraction measurements. The results presented here elucidate the roles played by two different forms of COad: one which is oxidized at lower overpotentials, in the so-called preoxidation region, we characterize as a weakly adsorbed state (COad.w), and a strongly adsorbed state (COad,s) which is oxidized at higher overpotentials. The COad,w state forms at saturation coverage by adsorption at E < 0.15 V and assumes a compressed p(2 x 2) structure containing 3 CO molecules in the unit cell (0.75 CO/Pt). We propose that oxidative removal of COad,w is accompanied by simultaneous relaxation of the CO adlayer, and that the remaining COad (approximate to 0.6 CO/Pt) assumes a new bonding state which we identify as COad,s. The COad,s state is present in a structure lacking long-range order. Despite the reduced coverage by COad, H-2 electrooxidation is still completely poisoned at potentials below 0.6 V. The electrooxidation of CO in solution is proposed to occur via the COad,w state at 0.6-0.8 V, and via the COad,s at higher potentials. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RP Markovic, NM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Mail Stop 2-100, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Grgur, Branimir/0000-0003-4684-9053 NR 37 TC 217 Z9 218 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 3 BP 487 EP 495 DI 10.1021/jp983177c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PF UT WOS:000079043000014 ER PT J AU Gregory, BW Vaknin, D Gray, JD Ocko, BM Cotton, TM Struve, WS AF Gregory, BW Vaknin, D Gray, JD Ocko, BM Cotton, TM Struve, WS TI Two-dimensional crystallization of phthalocyanine pigments at the air/water interface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; 2-DIMENSIONAL SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CYANINE DYES; THIN-FILMS; CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HERRINGBONE STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MONOLAYERS AB Two-dimensional crystallization of highly planar phthalocyanine (Pc) pigments underneath the headgroups of a lipid Langmuir monolayer was observed and characterized by synchrotron X-ray diffraction at grazing angles of incidence (GID). The crystallization was achieved through spontaneous adsorption of positively charged, water-soluble Pc's to a spread dihexadecyl phosphate (DHDP) monolayer at the air/water interface. Analysis of the GID and rod profiles show that the lipid, pigment, and counterions form a complex in which the pigment plane is tilted with respect to the liquid surface; this is consistent with previous independent X-ray reflectivity investigations. In addition, the two-dimensional crystalline order of DHDP monolayers on pure H2O has been determined and an analysis of its structure both before and after complexation is presented. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vaknin, D (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 3 BP 502 EP 508 DI 10.1021/jp9836022 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PF UT WOS:000079043000016 ER PT J AU Jones, G Lu, LN Fu, HN Farahat, CW Oh, C Greenfield, SR Gosztola, DJ Wasielewski, MR AF Jones, G Lu, LN Fu, HN Farahat, CW Oh, C Greenfield, SR Gosztola, DJ Wasielewski, MR TI Intramolecular electron transfer across amino acid spacers in the picosecond time regime. Charge-transfer interaction through peptide bands SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON; DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; TUNNELING PATHWAYS; FLUORESCENCE; DONOR; MOLECULES; PROTEINS; SYSTEMS; CHAIN; ELEMENTS AB For a series of alanine-based peptides having 1-3 amino acid residues as spacers, the chromophore, pyrenesulfonyl (Pyr), has been attached at the N-terminus and an electron donor, dimethyl-1,4-benzenediamine (DMPD), covalently bound at the C-terminus. Evidence for an intramolecular charge-transfer interaction involving the electron donor and acceptor groups has been obtained from absorption spectra. Intramolecular electron transfer involving the end groups, Pyr (electron acceptor) and DMPD (electron donor) has been confirmed by ultrafast pump-probe methods. The radical-ion pair states that are generated on Ti/sapphire laser excitation at 400 nm decay in the picosecond to nanosecond time domain and generally show multiexponential decay kinetics. These rates of charge recombination are among the fastest yet observed involving electron transfer between terminal groups for peptide oligomers. The falloff of rate constants for ion pair recombination is irregular in terms of the through-bond distance that separates Pyr and DMPD groups for the various peptide links; i.e., back electron transfer remains fast for the tripeptide, Pyr-Ala-Ala-Ala-DMPD, despite an average through-bond distance between photoactive groups that reaches 18 Angstrom. Molecular modeling studies show that the peptides are free to adopt conformations in essentially random fashion, without showing evidence for long range ordering of the peptide chain. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Photon, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Jones, G (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379 NR 58 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 3 BP 572 EP 581 DI 10.1021/jp9832802 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PF UT WOS:000079043000024 ER PT J AU Pohl, K Bartelt, MC de la Figuera, J Bartelt, NC Hrbek, J Hwang, RQ AF Pohl, K Bartelt, MC de la Figuera, J Bartelt, NC Hrbek, J Hwang, RQ TI Identifying the forces responsible for self-organization of nanostructures at crystal surfaces SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; VACANCY ISLANDS; AG(111); GROWTH; MOTION; FILMS AB The spontaneous formation of organized surface structures at nanometre scales(1,2) has the potential to augment or surpass standard materials patterning technologies. Many observations of self-organization of nanoscale clusters at surfaces have been reported(1-10), but the fundamental mechanisms underlying such behaviour-and in particular, the nature of the forces leading to and stabilizing self-organization-are not well understood. The forces between the many-atom units in these structures, with characteristic dimensions of one to tens of nanometres, must extend far beyond the range of typical interatomic interactions. One commonly accepted source of such mesoscale forces is the stress field in the substrate around each unit(1,11-13). This, however, has not been confirmed, nor have such interactions been measured directly. Here we identify and measure the ordering forces in a nearly perfect triangular lattice of nanometre-sized vacancy islands that forms when a single monolayer of silver on the ruthenium (0001) surface is exposed to sulphur at room temperature. By using time-resolved scanning tunnelling microscopy to monitor the thermal fluctuations of the centres of mass of the vacancy islands around their final positions in the self-organized lattice, we obtain the elastic constants of the lattice and show that the weak forces responsible for its stability can be quantified. Our results are consistent with general theories of strain-mediated interactions between surface defects in strained films. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hwang, RQ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI de la Figuera, Juan/E-7046-2010; Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 OI de la Figuera, Juan/0000-0002-7014-4777; NR 20 TC 137 Z9 137 U1 3 U2 35 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6716 BP 238 EP 241 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 159QH UT WOS:000078184800047 ER PT J AU Aderholz, M Aggarwal, MM Akbari, H Allport, PP Badyal, SK Ballagh, HC Barth, M Baton, JP Bingham, HH Bjelkhagen, H Brucker, EB Burnstein, RA Campbell, JR Cence, RJ Chatterjee, TK Clayton, EF Corrigan, G Coutures, C DeProspo, D Devanand De Wolf, EA Faulkner, PJW Foeth, H Fretter, WB Geissler, K Gupta, VK Hanlon, J Harigel, GG Harris, FA Hawkins, J Jabiol, MA Jacques, P Jones, GT Jones, MD Kafka, T Kalelkar, M Kasper, P Kohli, JM Koller, EL Krawiec, RJ Lauko, M Lys, JE Marage, P Milburn, RH Miller, DB Mittra, IS Mobayyen, MM Moreels, J Morrison, DRO Myatt, G Naon, R Napier, A Naylor, P Neveu, M Passmore, D Peters, MW Peterson, VZ Plano, R Rao, NK Rubin, HA Sacton, J Sambyal, SS Schmitz, N Schneps, J Sekulin, RL Sewell, S Singh, JB Smart, W Stamer, P Varvell, KE Verluyten, L Voyvodic, L Wachsmuth, H Wainstein, S Williams, W Willocq, S Yost, GP AF Aderholz, M Aggarwal, MM Akbari, H Allport, PP Badyal, SK Ballagh, HC Barth, M Baton, JP Bingham, HH Bjelkhagen, H Brucker, EB Burnstein, RA Campbell, JR Cence, RJ Chatterjee, TK Clayton, EF Corrigan, G Coutures, C DeProspo, D Devanand De Wolf, EA Faulkner, PJW Foeth, H Fretter, WB Geissler, K Gupta, VK Hanlon, J Harigel, GG Harris, FA Hawkins, J Jabiol, MA Jacques, P Jones, GT Jones, MD Kafka, T Kalelkar, M Kasper, P Kohli, JM Koller, EL Krawiec, RJ Lauko, M Lys, JE Marage, P Milburn, RH Miller, DB Mittra, IS Mobayyen, MM Moreels, J Morrison, DRO Myatt, G Naon, R Napier, A Naylor, P Neveu, M Passmore, D Peters, MW Peterson, VZ Plano, R Rao, NK Rubin, HA Sacton, J Sambyal, SS Schmitz, N Schneps, J Sekulin, RL Sewell, S Singh, JB Smart, W Stamer, P Varvell, KE Verluyten, L Voyvodic, L Wachsmuth, H Wainstein, S Williams, W Willocq, S Yost, GP CA E-632 Collaboration TI A measurement of the holographic minimum-observable beam branching ratio in the FERMILAB 15-ft bubble chamber SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RUBY-LASER AB Holography has been used successfully in combination with conventional optics for the first time in a large cryogenic bubble chamber. the 15-foot bubble chamber at Fermilab, during a physics run. The innovative system combined the reference beam with the object beam, irradiating a conical volume of similar to 1.4 m(3). Bubble tracks from neutrino interactions with a width of similar to 120 mu m have been recorded with good contrast. The ratio of intensities of the object light to the reference light striking the him is called the beam branching ratio. We obtained in our experiment an exceedingly small minimum-observable ratio of (0.54 +/- 0.21) x 10(-7). The technology has the potential for a wide range of applications. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Nucl Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Interuniv Inst High Energies, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. CENS, Dept Phys Particules Element, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Instelling Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. RP Harigel, GG (reprint author), CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RI Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; OI Naylor, Patrick/0000-0001-8546-8013 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01226-1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 156AW UT WOS:000077980100001 ER PT J AU Feindt, M Grahl, J Kreuter, C Ragazzi, S Tabarelli de Fatis, T Tonazzo, A AF Feindt, M Grahl, J Kreuter, C Ragazzi, S Tabarelli de Fatis, T Tonazzo, A TI Calibration of the DELPHI HPC calorimeter during the LEP2 programme SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB The readout chambers of the DELPHI HPC calorimeter are affected by large ageing which results in a module-dependent loss of gain. The calorimeter response thus needs to be tuned on a module-by-module basis. During the LEP operation phase at energies close to the Z resonance (LEP1), the tuning was based on the high available statistics of Z --> e(+)e(-) events. In the high energy operation phase (LEP2), no such clear monochromatic physics channel is available with high statistics. A monitoring of the analog response of the readout chambers of each module is provided by the periodic calibration with radioactive (83m)Kr; using this information to account for module-dependent effects ensures the stability of the energy resolution throughout the LEP2 programme. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Div EP, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Tonazzo, A (reprint author), CERN, Div EP, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM alessandra.tonazzo@cern.ch OI Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01191-7 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 156AW UT WOS:000077980100008 ER PT J AU Nakahata, H Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Okumura, K Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Kearns, E Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Smy, M Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, VJ Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Mine, S Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Kim, BK Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Kim, SB Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Shirai, J Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, RA George, JS Stachyra, AL Wai, LL Wilkes, RJ Young, KK Kobayashi, H AF Nakahata, H Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Okumura, K Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Kearns, E Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Smy, M Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, VJ Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Mine, S Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Kim, BK Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Kim, SB Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Shirai, J Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, RA George, JS Stachyra, AL Wai, LL Wilkes, RJ Young, KK Kobayashi, H CA Super-Kamiokande Collaboration TI Calibration of Super-Kamiokande using an electron LINAC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE solar neutrinos; linear accelerator; calibration; Super-Kamiokande ID SOLAR AB In order to calibrate the Super-Kamiokande experiment for solar neutrino measurements, a linear accelerator (LINAC) for electrons was installed at the detector. LINAC data were taken at various positions in the detector volume, tracking the detector response in the variables relevant to solar neutrino analysis. In particular, the absolute energy scale is now known with less than 1% uncertainty. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tokyo 1888502, Japan. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Phys, Carson, CA 90747 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Ibaraki, Osaka 3050801, Japan. Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808575, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Accelerator Lab, Ibaraki, Osaka 3050801, Japan. RP Nakahata, H (reprint author), Kamioka Observ, Kamioka, Gifu 5061205, Japan. RI Koshio, Yusuke/C-2847-2015; Takeuchi, Yasuo/A-4310-2011; Nakamura, Kenzo/F-7174-2010; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015; Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011; Suzuki, Yoichiro/F-7542-2010; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Wilkes, R.Jeffrey/E-6011-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/M-5009-2014; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015 OI Koshio, Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/0000-0002-1002-217X; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080 NR 9 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01200-5 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 156AW UT WOS:000077980100012 ER PT J AU De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P AF De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P TI A CMOS detector leakage current self-adaptable continuous reset system: Theoretical analysis SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE reset system; CMOS ID THERMAL NOISE; X-RAY; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSISTORS; RESOLUTION; AMPLIFIER AB A continuous reset system for the discharge of the feedback capacitance of integrated charge preamplifrers is presented. The system, based on the use of a FET operating in the saturation region, is self-adaptable with respect to a wide range of detector leakage currents. A circuit which provides compensation of the signal from the charge amplifier is also proposed. The noise analysis, which takes into account both the stationary and non-stationary noise contributions and the effect of the rate, shows that the system, when carefully designed, can offer good signal/noise performance for applications in gamma-ray and high-energy X-ray spectroscopy. Practical layout considerations are also made. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM degeronimo@bnl.gov NR 33 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1999 VL 421 IS 1-2 BP 322 EP 333 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01218-2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 156AW UT WOS:000077980100033 ER PT J AU Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Minniti, D Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Rorabeck, A Sutherland, W Tomaney, A Vandehei, T Welch, DL AF Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, D Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Minniti, D Peterson, BA Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Rorabeck, A Sutherland, W Tomaney, A Vandehei, T Welch, DL TI The macho project LMC variable star inventory. VI. The second overtone mode of Cepheid pulsation from first/second overtone beat Cepheids SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cepheids; Magellanic Clouds; stars : fundamental parameters; stars : oscillations ID LIGHT CURVES; S-CEPHEIDS; CO-AUR; PHOTOMETRY; HR-7308; LYRAE AB MACHO Project photometry of 45 LMC first and second overtone (FO and SO, respectively) beat Cepheids that pulsate in the FO and SO has been analyzed to determine the light-curve characteristics for the SO mode of Cepheid pulsation. We predict that singly periodic SO Cepheids will have nearly sinusoidal light curves; that we will only be able to discern SO Cepheids from fundamental (F) and FO Cepheids for P less than or similar to 1.4 days; and that the SO distribution will overlap the short-period edge of the LMC FO Cepheid period-luminosity relation (when both are plotted as a function of photometric period). We also report the discovery of one SO Cepheid candidate, MACHO*05:03 :39.6-70:04:32, with a photometric period of 0.775961 +/- 0.000019 days and an instrumental amplitude of 0.047 +/- 0.009 mag in V. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Supercomp Facil, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. MIT, LIGO Project, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Alcock, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; OI Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985 NR 31 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 511 IS 1 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1086/306638 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 176NL UT WOS:000079157900017 ER PT J AU Alves, DR Sarajedini, A AF Alves, DR Sarajedini, A TI The age-dependent luminosities of the red giant branch bump, asymptotic giant branch bump, and horizontal branch red clump SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE globular clusters : general; Hertzsprung-Russell diagram; Magellanic Clouds; stars : AGB and post-AGB; stars : evolution ID COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS; OLD OPEN CLUSTERS; RR-LYRAE STARS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; EVOLUTIONARY SEQUENCES; MASS STARS; 47 TUCANAE; HELIUM; METALLICITY; PHASES AB Color-magnitude diagrams of globular clusters usually exhibit a prominent horizontal branch (HB) and may also show features such as the red giant branch (RGB) bump and the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) bump. Stellar evolution theory predicts that the luminosities of these features will depend on the metallicity and age of the cluster. We calculate theoretical lines of 2-12 Gyr constant age RGB bumps and AGE bumps in the Delta V-Bump(HB)-[Fe/H] diagram, which shows the brightness difference between the bump and the HE as a function of metallicity. In order to test the predictions, we identify giant branch bumps in new Hubble Space Telescope color-magnitude diagrams for eight SMC clusters. First, we conclude that the SMC cluster bumps are RGB bumps. The data for clusters younger than similar to 6 Gyr are in fair agreement with our predictions for the relative age-dependent luminosities of the HE and RGB bums. The Delta V-Bump(HB) data for clusters older than similar to 6 Gyr demonstrate a less satisfactory agreement with our calculations. We conclude that similar to 6 Gyr is the lower bound to the age of clusters for which the Galactic globular cluster, age-independent Delta V-Bump(HB)-[Fe/H] calibration is valid. Application of the A Delta V-Bump(HB)-[Fe/H] diagram to stellar population studies is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Alves, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 47 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 511 IS 1 BP 225 EP 234 DI 10.1086/306655 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 176NL UT WOS:000079157900022 ER PT J AU Kane, J Drake, RP Remington, BA AF Kane, J Drake, RP Remington, BA TI An evaluation of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in supernova remnant formation SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; instabilities; supernova remnants; supernovae : general ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; X-RAY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EXTERNAL MEDIUM; RADIO-EMISSION; EVOLUTION; SN-1987A; FRONTS; EJECTA; SHOCKS AB We present an initial evaluation of the role of the Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability in supernova remnant (SNR) formation. Although the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability is most often considered in the canonical picture of SNR formation, the theoretical penetration depths for RM instability suggest that it could play a significant role in the early stages of SNR formation. We have used the code PROMETHEUS to perform a sequence of two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations in order to test this possibility. Here we discuss a case in which we impose a large perturbation in the expanding ejecta behind the reverse shock. The interaction of the reverse shock with the perturbation produces significant early RM growth, with spikes penetrating from the contact surface to near the forward shock. Then the RM instability weakens, RT growth eventually dominates, and the perturbation of the forward shock diminishes. We conclude that RM instability growth due to the type of perturbation we have studied might contribute to, but alone cannot account for, the observed radio and X-ray structures that extend to the forward shock in such SNRs as supernova 1006. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Kane, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-411, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 42 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 511 IS 1 BP 335 EP 340 DI 10.1086/306685 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 176NL UT WOS:000079157900032 ER PT J AU Hui, L Stebbins, A Burles, S AF Hui, L Stebbins, A Burles, S TI A geometrical test of the cosmological energy contents using the Ly alpha forest SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; large-scale structure of universe; quasars : absorption lines ID REDSHIFT SPACE; CONSTANT; DISTORTION; UNIVERSE AB We explore a version of the test of cosmological geometry proposed by Alcock & Paczynski in 1979, using observations of the Ly alpha forest in the spectra of close quasar pairs. By comparing the correlations in absorption in one quasar spectrum with correlations between the spectra of neighboring quasars, one can determine the relation of the redshift distance scale to the angle distance scale at the redshift of the absorbers, z similar to 2-4. Since this relationship depends on the parameters of the cosmological model, these parameters may be determined using the Ly alpha forest. While this test is relatively insensitive to the density parameter Omega(m) in a dust-dominated universe, it is more sensitive to the presence of a matter component with large negative pressure (such as a cosmological constant Lambda) and its equation of state. With only 25 pairs of quasar spectra at angular separations 0.'5-2', one can discriminate between an Omega(m) = 0.3 open universe (Lambda = 0) and an Omega(m) = 0.3 flat (Lambda-dominated) universe at the 4 sigma level. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM lhui@fnal.gov; stebbins@fnal.gov; scott@oddjob.uchicago.edu NR 23 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 511 IS 1 BP L5 EP L8 DI 10.1086/311826 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 176NM UT WOS:000079158000002 ER PT J AU Grandy, J AF Grandy, J TI Conservative remapping and region overlays by intersecting arbitrary polyhedra SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE remapping; rezoning; computational fluid dynamics; computational geometry ID ALGORITHM; MESHES AB An efficient algorithm for first-order grid intersections, by computing geometrically the intersection volume between donor and target zones, is developed for polyhedral meshes. We examine two applications of grid intersections. One application is first-order remapping, in which zone and node centered fields defined on a given mesh are transferred to a different mesh. The second application is region overlays, in which a region with homogeneous material properties is approximated by a grid of polyhedra and mapped onto an arbitrary hexahedral mesh, creating mixed zones on the boundary of the region. We demonstrate the use of this grid intersection algorithm within the framework of hydrodynamics simulations, and using a domain decomposed mesh, we study the feasibility of a parallel implementation, (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM grandy@llnl.gov NR 16 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 148 IS 2 BP 433 EP 466 DI 10.1006/jcph.1998.6125 PG 34 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 158UA UT WOS:000078134300007 ER PT J AU More, MB Ray, D Armentrout, PB AF More, MB Ray, D Armentrout, PB TI Intrinsic affinities of alkali cations for 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6: Bond dissociation energies of gas-phase M+-crown ether complexes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; EXTRACTION CHROMATOGRAPHIC RESIN; DEPENDENT MASS-SPECTRA; AB-INITIO; MACROCYCLE INTERACTION; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURES; BINDING-ENERGIES; BREAKDOWN GRAPHS; NUCLEAR WASTE; KINETIC DATA AB Bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of M+[c-(C2H4O)(5)] and M+[c-(C2H4O)(6)] for M = Na, K, Rb, and Cs are reported. The BDEs are determined experimentally by analysis of the thresholds for collision-induced dissociation of the cation-crown ether complexes by xenon measured by using guided ion,beam mass spectrometry. In all cases, the primary and lowest energy dissociation channel observed experimentally is endothermic loss of the ligand molecule. The cross section thresholds are interpreted to yield 0 and 298 K BDEs after accounting for the effects of multiple ion-molecule collisions, internal energy of the complexes, and unimolecular decay rates. For both 18-crown-6 and 15-crown-5, the BDEs decrease monotonically with increasing cation size. These results indicate that the intrinsic affinity of c-(C2H4O)(5) and c-(C2H4O)(6) for M+ is determined principally by the charge density of the cation not by the ratio of the ionic radius to the cavity size. The BDEs reported here are in fair agreement with recent ab initio calculations at the MP2 level with 6-31+G* basis sets. The experimental values are systematically smaller than the computed values by 8 +/- 2 kJ/mol per metal-oxygen interaction. The existence of less strongly bound isomers in the experimental apparatus for Rb+(15-crown-5) and Cs+(15-crown-5) appears likely, but their absence for Na+ and K+ complexes indicates interesting metal-dependent dynamics to the formation of such isomers. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ray, D (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 58 TC 144 Z9 144 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 121 IS 2 BP 417 EP 423 DI 10.1021/ja9823159 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 174NR UT WOS:000079041700021 ER PT J AU Chen, Q Zhang, D Somorjai, G Bertozzi, CR AF Chen, Q Zhang, D Somorjai, G Bertozzi, CR TI Probing the surface structural rearrangement of hydrogels by sum-frequency generation spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID 2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE; WETTABILITY; COPOLYMERS; POLYMER C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 121 IS 2 BP 446 EP 447 DI 10.1021/ja9831453 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 174NR UT WOS:000079041700025 ER PT J AU Andreone, A Aruta, C Fontana, F Iavarone, M Russo, ML Vaglio, R Crabtree, GW de Wilde, Y Polichetti, M AF Andreone, A Aruta, C Fontana, F Iavarone, M Russo, ML Vaglio, R Crabtree, GW de Wilde, Y Polichetti, M TI Properties of ErNi2B2C superconducting thin films SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE ErNi2B2C; superconductors; thin films ID NORMAL STATE; MAGNETISM; LATTICE AB Magnetic rare-earth (RE) borocarbide superconductors (RE-Ni2B2C) exhibit a wide variety of phenomena due to the interplay between their superconducting and magnetic properties. Recently, high quality thin films of the 'non-magnetic' compound YNi2B2C were successfully obtained. in the present report, the 'in-situ' deposition of ErNi2B2C thin films by planar magnetron sputtering is presented together with a comprehensive set of characterizations, including d.c. resistivity, critical current, magnetization, critical fields and quasiparticle density of states by low temperature scanning tunnel microscope (STM). Experimental data are compared with currently available results on single crystals. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis, I-84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy. RP Fontana, F (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Piazzale Tecchio 80, I-80125 Naples, Italy. RI Iavarone, Maria/C-3628-2008; Aruta, Carmela/L-2957-2015; OI Aruta, Carmela/0000-0002-6917-6667; POLICHETTI, Massimiliano/0000-0002-4534-3301; De Wilde, Yannick/0000-0002-5973-1460 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 312 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(98)00654-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 166GB UT WOS:000078566900001 ER PT J AU Cheon, KO Fisher, IR Canfield, PC AF Cheon, KO Fisher, IR Canfield, PC TI Boron isotope effect in single-crystal YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE isotope effect ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HEAT; NI; PHONONS AB The boron isotope effect in high-quality, single-crystal samples of YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C superconductors is studied to probe the role of phonons in determining T-c. Values of Delta T-c = T-c(B-10) - T-c(B-11) of 0.29 +/- 0.08 and 0.16 +/- 0.07 K are obtained for YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C, respectively, corresponding to partial isotope exponents of alpha(B) = 0.21 +/- 0.07 and 0.11 +/- 0.05. The values for YNi2B2C, are in broad agreement with previous measurements using polycrystalline samples [D.D. Lawrie, J.P. Franck, Physica C 245 (1995) 159]. The observation of a statistically significant boron isotope effect is further evidence for a phonon mechanism of superconductivity in these compounds. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fisher, IR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 312 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 39 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(98)00667-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 166GB UT WOS:000078566900005 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Joyce, SA AF Chambers, SA Joyce, SA TI Surface termination, composition and reconstruction of Fe3O4(001) and gamma-Fe2O3(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE iron oxide; low-energy electron diffraction; reflection high-energy electron diffraction; scanning tunneling microscopy; surface relaxation and reconstruction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; THIN-FILMS; ALPHA-FE2O3; GROWTH; SAPPHIRE AB We address a current controversy concerning the nature of the surfaces of Fe3O4(001) and gamma-Fe2O3(001) grown MgO(001) by molecular beam epitaxy. Despite recent claims to the contrary, we show that gamma-Fe2O3(001) unambiguously exhibits a (1 x 1) surface net, in contrast to Fe3O4(001), which assumes a (root 2 x root 2)R45 reconstruction. In addition, we present high-energy-resolution Fe 2p and O 1s core-level photoelectron spectra obtained at both normal and grazing emission for gamma-Fe2O3(001) and Fe3O4(001). These spectra show that the Fe3O4(001) surface has a higher Fe(III)/Fe(II) ratio than the bulk, and that the asymmetry in the O 1s line shape for Fe3O4(001) is due to final state effects rather than the presence of a surface oxygen or hydroxyl species. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sa.chambers@pnl.gov RI Joyce, Stephen/Q-7804-2016 OI Joyce, Stephen/0000-0003-1330-7362 NR 27 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 420 IS 2-3 BP 111 EP 122 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00657-8 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 166FU UT WOS:000078566200003 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Liang, Y AF Chambers, SA Liang, Y TI Growth of beta-MnO2 films on TiO2(110) by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE low index single crystal surfaces; molecule beam epitaxy; photoelectron diffraction; photoelectron emission; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ID PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; SUBSTRATE; TIO2 AB We have used oxygen plasma assisted MBE to grow epitaxial films of pyrolusite (beta-MnO2) on TiO2(110) for thicknesses of one to six bilayers (BL). We define a bilayer to be a layer of Mn and lattice O and an adjacent layer of bridging O within the rutile structure. The resulting surfaces have been characterized in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, low-energy electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. Well-ordered, pseudomorphic overlayers form for substrate temperatures between 400 and 500 degrees C. Mn-Ti intermixing occurs over the lime scale of film growth (similar to 1 BL/min) for substrate temperatures in excess of 500 degrees C. Films grown at 400-500 degrees C exhibit island growth, whereas intermixed films grown at temperatures of 500-600 degrees C are more laminar. 1 BL films grown at 450 degrees C are more laminar than multilayer films grown at the same temperature, and form a well-ordered surface cation layer of Mn on the rutile structure with at most 10% indiffusion to the second cation layer. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 420 IS 2-3 BP 123 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00668-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 166FU UT WOS:000078566200004 ER PT J AU Krylov, SY Beenakker, JJM Tringides, MC AF Krylov, SY Beenakker, JJM Tringides, MC TI On the theory of surface diffusion: kinetic versus lattice gas approach SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE models of surface kinetics; surface diffusion ID LONG JUMPS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; TRANSPORT; COVERAGE AB The present paper extends the results of a recent analytic kinetic theory of particle-on-substrate diffusion. The approach treats explicitly the molecule-surface interaction and takes into account inter-molecular interaction within the hard particle approximation. The physics influencing the diffusion pre-exponential factor and mechanisms determining the density dependence of collective diffusivity are discussed. The kinetic results are compared with those of the traditional lattice gas hopping models. Analytical expressions for jump rates in the low density limit are derived, and the density dependence of effective jump rates at finite occupancy is discussed. It is shown how the traditional hopping model oversimplifies the picture of diffusion by neglecting the collision part of the hopping process. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Leiden Univ, Huygens Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Moscow 117915, Russia. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Krylov, SY (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Huygens Lab, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 420 IS 2-3 BP 233 EP 249 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00836-X PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 166FU UT WOS:000078566200014 ER PT J AU Matsuoka, H Ikeda, T Yamaoka, H AF Matsuoka, H Ikeda, T Yamaoka, H TI Ultra-small-angle neutron scattering study of colloidal alloys. 1. Contrast variation experiments for mixtures of hydrogenated and deuterated polystyrene latices in H2O/D2O SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; BINARY-MIXTURES; ORDER FORMATION; DISPERSIONS; PARTICLES AB Ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) experiments on one- and two-component aqueous colloidal dispersions were carried out at the Bonse-Hart double crystal diffractometers installed at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (Oak Ridge, TN) and at the JRR-3M reactor (Tokai, Japan). The USANS curves from low-concentration suspensions of hydrogenated poly(methyl methacrylate) (h-PMMA) latices in D2O show scattering patterns typical for isolated solid spheres, which change dramatically after adding the ion-exchange resin to remove ionic impurities. This additive significantly enhances electrostatic interaction between particles, and thus the diffraction pattern from 2.5% h-PMMA latices in D2O + ion-exchange resin corresponds to a colloidal crystal with the fee structure. The USANS from hydrogenated and deuterated component of the colloidal alloy of h- and d-polystyrene (h-PS and d-PS) latices was measured separately by matching the scattering length density of h-PS and d-PS particles in H2O/D2O mixture. It was found that the minority component of large diameter latices were randomly distributed in the alloy dispersion, whereas the majority component of small diameter particles formed colloidal crystals. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Polymer Chem, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Minato Ku, Tokyo 106, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yamaoka, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Polymer Chem, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244; Agamalian, Michael/0000-0002-9112-2534 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 19 PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1021/la9803171 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 160KD UT WOS:000078228700002 ER PT J AU Zhong, CJ Brush, RC Anderegg, J Porter, MD AF Zhong, CJ Brush, RC Anderegg, J Porter, MD TI Organosulfur monolayers at gold surfaces: Reexamination of the case for sulfide adsorption and implications to the formation of monolayers from thiols and disulfides SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SULFUR BOND-CLEAVAGE; ALKANETHIOLATE MONOLAYERS; METAL-SURFACES; REDUCTIVE DESORPTION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; DIALKYL SULFIDES; ALKYL THIOLS; BINDING AB This paper presents the results from a reexamination of the adsorption of organosulfides on gold films. Our original goal was to explore the adsorption of different organosulfur precursors (e.g., sulfides) as a basis for addressing details related to gold-sulfur interactions in thiol-derived monolayers. The results of our previous work (J. Am. Chem. Sec. 1994, 116, 11616) were, however, complicated by the purity of most organosulfides as well as by the competitive adsorption of thiol and disulfide impurities. By using preparative gas chromatographic purification, we were able to reduce significantly the levels of both types of impurities from the organosulfide precursors, as confirmed by mass spectrometric analyses. Spectroscopic (infrared and X-ray photoelectron) and electrochemical characterizations of adlayers formed on gold from these highly purified organosulfides have led us to reach new conclusions regarding our earlier work. First, the amount of adsorbed sulfide corresponds to only a small Fraction of a monolayer. Second, the chemical identity of sulfur for the adsorbed sulfide remains unchanged. These results not only correct our earlier assessment but also illustrate the importance of purifying these precursors to unexpectedly high levels when probing issues related to the formation and structure of this adsorbate-substrate combination. The implications of these results, particularly those developed from the XPS data, to the nature of the interactions of the sulfur from thiols and disulfides with gold are discussed. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Porter, MD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov RI Zhong, Chuan-Jian/D-3394-2013 NR 55 TC 154 Z9 154 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 19 PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 518 EP 525 DI 10.1021/la980901+ PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 160KD UT WOS:000078228700035 ER PT J AU Pertsemlidis, A Soper, AK Sorenson, JM Head-Gordon, T AF Pertsemlidis, A Soper, AK Sorenson, JM Head-Gordon, T TI Evidence for microscopic, long-range hydration forces for a hydrophobic amino acid SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE hydration structure; protein folding ID PROTEIN; SOLVATION; SOLUTES AB We have combined neutron solution scattering experiments with molecular dynamics simulation to isolate an excess experimental signal that is caused solely by N-acetyl-leucine-amide (NALA) correlations in aqueous solution. This excess signal contains information about how NALA molecule centers are correlated in water, and we show how these solute-solute correlations might be determined at dilute concentrations in the small angle region, We have tested qualitatively different pair distribution functions for NALA molecule centers-gas, cluster, and aqueous forms of g(c)(r)-and have found that the excess experimental signal is adequate enough to rule out gas and cluster pair distribution functions. The aqueous form of g(c)(r) that exhibits a solvent-separated minimum, and possibly longer-ranged correlations as well, is not only physically sound but reproduces the experimental data reasonably well. This work demonstrates that important information in the small angle region can be mined to resolve solute-solute correlations, their lengthscales, and thermodynamic consequences even at dilute concentrations. The hydration forces that operate on the microscopic scale of individual amino acid side chains, implied by the small angle scattering data, could have significant effects on the early stages of protein folding, on ligand binding, and on other intermolecular interactions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ISIS Fac, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Head-Gordon, T (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Head-Gordon, Teresa/E-5818-2011; OI Pertsemlidis, Alexander/0000-0003-1624-9372 NR 16 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 19 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 2 BP 481 EP 486 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.2.481 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 159RY UT WOS:000078189200033 PM 9892659 ER PT J AU Borca, CN Choi, J Adenwalla, S Ducharme, S Dowben, PA Robertson, L Fridkin, VM Palto, SP Petukhova, N AF Borca, CN Choi, J Adenwalla, S Ducharme, S Dowben, PA Robertson, L Fridkin, VM Palto, SP Petukhova, N TI Influence of dynamical scattering in crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) copolymers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; TRIFLUOROETHYLENE; TEMPERATURE AB The effective Debye temperature of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) copolymers was measured using photoemission and neutron diffraction techniques. An effective Debye temperature of 53+/-11 K is obtained from the photoemission data and 69+/-3.5 K from neutron diffraction measurements. This effective Debye temperature is a consequence of the temperature-dependent dynamic motions perpendicular to the surface of these crystalline polymer films. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)01303-0]. C1 Univ Nebraska, Ctr Mat Res & Anal, Behlen Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Crystallog, Moscow 117333, Russia. RP Dowben, PA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Ctr Mat Res & Anal, Behlen Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RI Ducharme, Stephen/A-1909-2009 OI Ducharme, Stephen/0000-0003-0936-7995 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 3 BP 347 EP 349 DI 10.1063/1.123067 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 158TW UT WOS:000078133800007 ER PT J AU Hearne, S Chason, E Han, J Floro, JA Figiel, J Hunter, J Amano, H Tsong, IST AF Hearne, S Chason, E Han, J Floro, JA Figiel, J Hunter, J Amano, H Tsong, IST TI Stress evolution during metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAPPHIRE; STRAIN; FILMS AB The evolution of stress in gallium nitride films on sapphire has been measured in real time during metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. In spite of the 16% compressive lattice mismatch of GaN to sapphire, we find that GaN consistently grows in tension at 1050 degrees C. Furthermore, in situ stress monitoring indicates that there is no measurable relaxation of the tensile growth stress during annealing or thermal cycling. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04603-3]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Meijo Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Hearne, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 177 Z9 182 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 3 BP 356 EP 358 DI 10.1063/1.123070 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 158TW UT WOS:000078133800010 ER PT J AU Saraswathi, R Hillman, AR Martin, SJ AF Saraswathi, R Hillman, AR Martin, SJ TI Mechanical resonance effects in electroactive polycarbazole films SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thickness shear mode resonator; quartz crystal microbalance; film resonance; crystal impedance; polycarbazole ID QUARTZ RESONATOR; THIN-FILMS; ACID AB We describe crystal impedance data acquired dynamically during the electropolymerization of carbazole, to produce polycarbazole films on the electrode surface. Data were obtained at the fundamental and third harmonic modes of a 10 MHz thickness shear mode resonator. At a critical thickness, the system exhibits mechanical resonance, a special condition in which the mechanical shear deformation across the polymer film corresponds to one quarter of the acoustic wavelength. This situation has not been reported previously for electroactive polymer films exposed to a liquid phase. At this point, the resonant frequency and admittance data show dramatic changes with polymer coverage. Prior to mechanical resonance, the impedance spectra can be fitted readily to a modified Butterworth-Van Dyke model, recognizing the presence of an ideal mass layer, a finite viscoelastic layer and a semi-infinite Newtonian fluid (the electrolyte). The data indicate spatial variation of shear modulus. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Res & Dev Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hillman, AR (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. OI Hillman, Robert/0000-0003-1868-5717 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 460 IS 1-2 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(98)00380-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 174DM UT WOS:000079018900030 ER PT J AU Yu, ZG Smith, DL Saxena, A Bishop, AR AF Yu, ZG Smith, DL Saxena, A Bishop, AR TI Dynamics of electronic transport in metal/organic/metal structures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Letter ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ORGANIC THIN-FILMS; TRANSMISSION; CONDUCTION; POLYMERS AB We develop a novel self-consistent Green's function approach to study the dynamics of electronic transport across a metal/conjugated-oligomer/metal structure. We find a crossover behaviour in transport from free electron to polaron-like, with increasing phonon frequency of the oligomer. In the former. lattice motion lags behind the wavepacket of an incoming electron; whereas, in the latter, the lattice can follow the electron. To simulate lattice fluctuations we study a pre-existing lattice distortion and find enhanced sub-gap transmission. These results have implications for transport experiments on polymer light-emitting diodes and molecular wires. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yu, ZG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yu, Z/B-5547-2009 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP L7 EP L14 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/11/2/001 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 164JH UT WOS:000078460000001 ER PT J AU Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Eppich, A Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Lorenc, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH AF Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Eppich, A Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Lorenc, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH TI Observation of two narrow states decaying into Xi(+)(c)gamma and Xi(0)(c)gamma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; CHARMED BARYON MASSES; E+E ANNIHILATION; LIFETIME AB We report the first observation of two narrow charmed strange baryons decaying to Xi(c)(+) gamma and Xi(c)(0)gamma, respectively, using data from the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We interpret the observed signals as the Xi(c)(+/) (c{su}) and Xi(c)(0/) (c{sd}), the symmetric partners of the well-established antisymmetric Xi(c)(+) (c[su]) and Xi(c)(0) (c[sd]). The mass differences M(Xi(c)(+/)) - M(Xi(c)(+)) and M(Xi(c)(0/)) - M(Xi(c)(0)) have been measured to be 107.8 +/- 1.7 +/- 2.5 and 107.0 +/- 1.4 +/- 2.5 MeV/c(2), respectively. [S0031-9007(98)08253-2]. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Jessop, CP (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 20 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 492 EP 496 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.492 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200008 ER PT J AU Utter, SB Beiersdorfer, P Barnes, A Lougheed, RW Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Becker, JA Weiss, MS AF Utter, SB Beiersdorfer, P Barnes, A Lougheed, RW Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Becker, JA Weiss, MS TI Reexamination of the optical gamma ray decay in Th-229 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR DEEXCITATION; ELECTRONIC-BRIDGE; ISOMER; STATE AB Optical measurements of a clean, 2-mu C U-233 Sample were made to verify light emission from gamma ray decay of the first excited nuclear level in Th-229. The results showed that the light observed in earlier studies was likely to be caused by alpha-particle induced fluorescence of air. In vacuo, no light emission was discernable. The Th-229 system, therefore, does not appear to provide the level of access for studying atomic-nuclear interactions suggested by the previous measurements. [S0031-9007(98)08232-5]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Utter, SB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037 NR 17 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 505 EP 508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.505 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200011 ER PT J AU Reiter, P Khoo, TL Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Ahmad, I Alcorta, M Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Gervais, G Greene, JP Henning, WF Janssens, RVF Lauritsen, T Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Sullivan, D Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I Amzal, N Butler, PA Chewter, AJ Ding, KY Fotiades, N Fox, JD Greenlees, PT Herzberg, RD Jones, GD Korten, W Leino, M Vetter, K AF Reiter, P Khoo, TL Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Ahmad, I Alcorta, M Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Gervais, G Greene, JP Henning, WF Janssens, RVF Lauritsen, T Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Sullivan, D Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I Amzal, N Butler, PA Chewter, AJ Ding, KY Fotiades, N Fox, JD Greenlees, PT Herzberg, RD Jones, GD Korten, W Leino, M Vetter, K TI Ground-state band and deformation of the Z = 102 isotope No-254 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; SHELL STRUCTURE; ELEMENTS; SPINS AB The ground-state band of the Z = 102 isotope No-254 has been identified up to spin 14, indicating that the nucleus is deformed. The deduced quadrupole deformation, beta = 0.27, is in agreement with theoretical predictions. These observations confirm that the shell-correction energy responsible for the stability of transfermium nuclei is partly derived from deformation. The survival of No-254 up to spin 14 means that its fission barrier persists at least up to that spin. [S0031-9007(98)08223-4]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. CEA Saclay, SPHN, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Reiter, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Alcorta, Martin/G-7107-2011; Herzberg, Rolf-Dietmar/E-1558-2011; KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Alcorta, Martin/0000-0002-6217-5004; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; KORTEN, Wolfram/0000-0002-3940-0816; Butler, Peter/0000-0001-6080-9205 NR 26 TC 209 Z9 211 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 509 EP 512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.509 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200012 ER PT J AU Alessandrello, A Beeman, JW Brofferio, C Cremonesi, O Fiorini, E Giuliani, A Haller, EE Monfardini, A Nucciotti, A Pavan, M Pessina, G Previtali, E Zanotti, L AF Alessandrello, A Beeman, JW Brofferio, C Cremonesi, O Fiorini, E Giuliani, A Haller, EE Monfardini, A Nucciotti, A Pavan, M Pessina, G Previtali, E Zanotti, L TI High energy resolution bolometers for nuclear physics and x-ray spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYOGENIC PARTICLE DETECTORS AB Two bolometers composed of tin absorbers and neutron transmutation doped (NTD) Ge thermistors have been fabricated in preparation for experiments in nuclear and subnuclear physics. Both detectors fully resolve the two K-alpha 1 and K-alpha 2 lines of Mn-55. The deconvolved FWHM resolution in this energy region ranges from 4.5 to 5.7 eV, for different published values of intrinsic widths and asymmetries of these lines, the best ever obtained at this energy with any energy dispersive detector. The K-beta' satellite peak is analyzed far the first time in a measurement with an energy dispersive spectrometer. [S0031-9007(98)08172-1]. C1 Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alessandrello, A (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Nucciotti, Angelo/I-8888-2012; OI Nucciotti, Angelo/0000-0002-8458-1556; pavan, maura/0000-0002-9723-7834; Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757 NR 28 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 513 EP 515 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.513 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200013 ER PT J AU Gang, O Ocko, BM Wu, XZ Sirota, EB Deutsch, M AF Gang, O Ocko, BM Wu, XZ Sirota, EB Deutsch, M TI Tunable surface phases in alcohol-diol melts SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES AB Surface crystallization is studied in mixed alcohol-diol melts by x-ray diffraction and surface tensiometry. A reversible transition, having no bulk counterpart, from a bilayer to a monolayer surface phase, tunable by either diol concentration phi or temperature T, is observed. The molecular tilt is found to vary with phi in the bilayer phase. The structure of both surface phases is determined in detail. A simple theory, assuming a linearized phi dependence of the free energies of the various interfaces in each phase, accounts well for the observed (phi, T) phase diagram. [S0031-9007(98)08262-3]. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. RP Gang, O (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM deutsch@alon.cc.biu.ac.il RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 588 EP 591 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.588 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200032 ER PT J AU McQueeney, RJ Petrov, Y Egami, T Yethiraj, M Shirane, G Endoh, Y AF McQueeney, RJ Petrov, Y Egami, T Yethiraj, M Shirane, G Endoh, Y TI Anomalous dispersion of LO phonons in La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 at low temperatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY; STATES; MODEL AB Inelastic neutron scattering measurements of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 show that a discontinuity in dispersion develops in the middle of the highest energy LO phonon branch at low temperatures. The result suggests dynamic short range unit cell doubling in the CuO2 plane along the direction of the Cu-O bond, such as charge ordering on every other row of oxygen. Such charge ordering is related to, but is different from, the stripe charge ordering observed for nonsuperconducting cuprates. [S0031-9007(98)08166-6]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. RP McQueeney, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016 OI McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602 NR 19 TC 334 Z9 335 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 628 EP 631 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.628 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200042 ER PT J AU Wells, JC Simbotin, I Gavrila, M AF Wells, JC Simbotin, I Gavrila, M TI Comment on "physical reality of light-induced atomic states" Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wells, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6203, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 665 EP 665 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.665 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200052 ER PT J AU Mills, JD Sheehy, JA Ferrett, TA Southworth, SH Mayer, R Lindle, DW Langhoff, PW AF Mills, JD Sheehy, JA Ferrett, TA Southworth, SH Mayer, R Lindle, DW Langhoff, PW TI Comment on "nondipole resonant X-ray Raman spectroscopy: Polarized inelastic scattering at the K edge of Cl-2" Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, PRS,Prop Sci Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Carleton Coll, Dept Chem, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Johns Hopkins Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Mills, JD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, PRS,Prop Sci Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 667 EP 667 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.667 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200054 ER PT J AU Soukoulis, CM Wang, XS Li, QM Sigalas, MM AF Soukoulis, CM Wang, XS Li, QM Sigalas, MM TI What is the right form of the probability distribution of the conductance at the mobility edge? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNIVERSALITY C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Soukoulis, CM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 9 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 668 EP 668 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.668 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200055 ER PT J AU Olson, CG Lynch, DW AF Olson, CG Lynch, DW TI Comment on "new metastable nonmetallic phase of europium" Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Olson, CG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 671 EP 671 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.671 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157KC UT WOS:000078059200058 ER PT J AU Reinot, T Hayes, JM Small, GJ Zerner, MC AF Reinot, T Hayes, JM Small, GJ Zerner, MC TI Q-band splitting and relaxation of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYPERQUENCHED GLASSY FILMS; INTERMEDIATE NEGLECT; FLUORESCENCE; ABSORPTION; WATER; OPTIMIZATION; SPECTRA AB The doublet band structure evident in the fluorescence excitation and absorption spectra of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate in various hyperquenched glassy solvents is attributed to splitting of the Q-band transition into x and y components. The splitting is caused by the ligation of water molecules to the aluminum atom which decreases the molecular symmetry. Picosecond relaxation from the Q(y) band to the Q(x) band is evident in the hole burned spectra. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hayes, JM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 22 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 1999 VL 299 IS 5 BP 410 EP 416 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)01346-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 159AV UT WOS:000078150400008 ER PT J AU Fulde, P Stoll, H Kladko, K AF Fulde, P Stoll, H Kladko, K TI On the ground state of solids with strong electron correlations SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND; COMPUTATION AB We formulate the calculation of the ground-state wavefunction and energy of a system of strongly correlated electrons in terms of scattering matrices. A hierarchy of approximations is introduced which results in an incremental expansion of the energy. The present approach generalizes previous work designed for weakly correlated electronic systems. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Univ Stuttgart, Inst Theoret Chem, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fulde, P (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 1999 VL 299 IS 5 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)01339-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 159AV UT WOS:000078150400018 ER PT J AU Pedersen, PS AF Pedersen, PS TI Basis for power series solutions to systems of linear, constant coefficient partial differential equations SO ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article AB Using the theory of generalized functions and the theory of Fourier transforms in several complex variables, previous authors developed a nonconstructive, integral representation for power series solutions to a given system of linear, constant coefficient partial differential equations (PDEs). For a variety of reasons that theory is quite technical. In this paper we describe an algorithm which gives a constructive, countable basis for the set of power series solutions to a given system of linear, constant coefficient PDEs. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pedersen, PS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0001-8708 J9 ADV MATH JI Adv. Math. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 141 IS 1 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1006/aima.1998.1782 PG 12 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 159DX UT WOS:000078157500005 ER PT J AU Finsterle, S Faybishenko, B AF Finsterle, S Faybishenko, B TI Inverse modeling of a radial multistep outflow experiment for determining unsaturated hydraulic properties SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE multi-step outflow; unsaturated hydraulic parameters; parameter estimation ID SOIL-WATER RETENTION; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; 2-PHASE FLOW; IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; SAMPLING DESIGN; CONSISTENT SET; POROUS-MEDIA; CONDUCTIVITY; EQUATION AB Modeling flow and solute transport in the unsaturated zone on the basis of the Richards equation requires specifying values for unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and water potential as a function of saturation. The objectives of the paper are to evaluate the design of a transient, radial, multi-step outflow experiment, and to determine unsaturated hydraulic parameters using inverse modeling. We conducted numerical simulations, sensitivity analyses, and synthetic data inversions to assess the suitability of the proposed experiment for concurrently estimating the parameters of interest. We calibrated different conceptual models against transient Row and pressure data from a multi-step, radial desaturation experiment to obtain estimates of absolute permeability, as well as the parameters of the relative permeability and capillary pressure functions. We discuss the differences in the estimated parameter values and illustrate the impact of the underlying model on the estimates. We demonstrate that a small error in absolute permeability, if determined in an independent experiment, leads to biased estimates of unsaturated hydraulic properties. Therefore, we perform a joint inversion of pressure and flow rate data for the simultaneous determination of permeability and retention parameters, and analyze the correlations between these parameters. We conclude that the proposed combination of a radial desaturation experiment and inverse modeling is suitable for simultaneously determining the unsaturated hydraulic properties of a single soil sample, and that the inverse modeling technique provides the opportunity to analyze data from nonstandard experimental designs. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Finsterle, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM safinsterle@lbl.gov RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Faybishenko, Boris/G-3363-2015 OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Faybishenko, Boris/0000-0003-0085-8499 NR 52 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 22 IS 5 BP 431 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(98)00030-X PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 166KH UT WOS:000078574400002 ER PT J AU Mishra, AK Gutjahr, A Rajaram, H AF Mishra, AK Gutjahr, A Rajaram, H TI Transport with spatially variable kinetic sorption: recursion formulation SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE recursion formulation; sorption kinetics; spatial variability; solute transport; heterogeneity of sorption and desorption rates; Markov process ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SORBING SOLUTE; AQUIFER; MOMENTS; PLUME AB A recursion formulation for the transport of linearly sorbing solutes undergoing nonequilibrium sorption is developed. Constant or spatially varying sorption kinetics can be modeled using the recursion approach. The sorption and desorption rates are modeled as two independent random processes with a prescribed mean and covariance structure with spatial variability in the rate parameters included as well. The recursion solution, in terms of the probability density function for solute travel times, is derived by specifying transition probabilities for moving between the aqueous and sorbed phases. A few simple examples are used to illustrate the approach. The computer implementation leads to a very rapid algorithm that is easily extended to cover cases beyond the basic model presented here. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Math, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Mishra, AK (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM akmishra@lbl.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 22 IS 5 BP 549 EP 555 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(98)00023-2 PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 166KH UT WOS:000078574400009 ER PT J AU Egorov, O O'Hara, MJ Grate, JW Ruzicka, J AF Egorov, O O'Hara, MJ Grate, JW Ruzicka, J TI Sequential injection renewable separation column instrument for automated sorbent extraction separations of radionuclides SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; FLOW-INJECTION; NUCLEAR WASTE; CHROMATOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; SENSOR SYSTEM; PRECONCENTRATION; ACTINIDES; STRONTIUM; SAMPLES; TC-99 AB A novel approach to the automation of sorbent extraction separations is described. An advanced sequential injection renewable separation column (SI-RSC) instrument was designed and optimized for automatically packing a separation column on-line, using it for a separation, and then disposing of the used separation material. Column packing/separation material disposal steps are accomplished fluidically using a frit restriction. Using a 250-mu L renewable column, procedures were developed for the separation and analysis of Sr-90, Am-241, and Tc-99 in aged nuclear waste samples employing Sr-resin, TRU-resin, and TEVA-resin sorbent extraction materials (Eichrom Industries), The separation performance of the RSC was identical to that of a freshly packed conventional column of similar size. With a renewable column, it is not necessary to elute all species from the column, carryover on the column from one separation to the next is eliminated, the same instrument can be used for multiple separations requiring different sorbent extraction media without physical changes to the instrument (sorbent extraction medium is selected in software), and the sorbent extraction material can be recovered for analysis of noneluted species. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Egorov, O (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI O'Hara, Matthew/I-4967-2013; OI O'Hara, Matthew/0000-0003-3982-5897 NR 37 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 345 EP 352 DI 10.1021/ac980623j PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 158GY UT WOS:000078108700008 ER PT J AU Vo-Dinh, T Alarie, JP Isola, N Landis, D Wintenberg, AL Ericson, MN AF Vo-Dinh, T Alarie, JP Isola, N Landis, D Wintenberg, AL Ericson, MN TI DNA biochip using a phototransistor integrated circuit SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROBES AB This work describes the development of an integrated biosensor based on phototransistor integrated circuits (IC) for use in medical detection, DNA diagnostics, and gene mapping. The evaluation of various system components developed for an integrated biosensor microchip is discussed. Methods to develop a microarray of DNA probes on nitrocellulose substrate are discussed. The biochip device has sensors, amplifiers, discriminators, and logic circuitry on board. Integration of light-emitting diodes into the device is also possible. To achieve improved sensitivity, we have designed an IC system having each phototransistor sensing element composed of 220 phototransistor cells connected in parallel. Measurements of fluorescent-labeled DNA probe microarrays and hybridization experiments with a sequence-specific DNA probe for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 system on nitrocellulose substrates illustrate the usefulness and potential of the DNA biochip. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016 OI Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865 NR 15 TC 125 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 358 EP 363 DI 10.1021/ac980043m PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 158GY UT WOS:000078108700010 PM 9949727 ER PT J AU Leach, JJ Allen, LA Aeschliman, DB Houk, RS AF Leach, JJ Allen, LA Aeschliman, DB Houk, RS TI Calibration of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using standard additions with dried solution aerosols SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; LA-ICP-MS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ION RATIOS; SOLIDS; NEBULIZATION; MICROANALYSIS; MATRIX AB A standard additions method for calibrating the response of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is assessed. Desolvated particles from an ultrasonic nebulizer and particles from an ablation cell are introduced simultaneously to a twin quadrupole ICPMS. Matrix-matched or pelletized solid standards are not required, and the solution standards are easily prepared. The transport of sample particles from the LA cell and of aerosol particles from the solution nebulizer must be measured. The relative accuracy for the analysis of steel reference materials is a few percent, which is comparable to that obtained with matched solid standards. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Houk, RS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 46 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 440 EP 445 DI 10.1021/ac980855i PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 158GY UT WOS:000078108700023 ER PT J AU Barshick, CM Barshick, SA Walsh, EB Vance, MA Britt, PF AF Barshick, CM Barshick, SA Walsh, EB Vance, MA Britt, PF TI Application of isotope dilution to ion trap gas chromatography mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; SAMPLES; WATER; LEAD AB Isotope dilution has been applied to an approach recently developed to quantify inorganic mercury compounds by ion trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In this approach, a chemical alkylation reaction is used to convert an inorganic mercury salt (Hg(NO3)(2)) to an organometallic compound (methylmercury iodide), before sampling with a solid-phase microextraction fiber. The adsorbed analytes are subsequently desorbed and analyzed by GC/MS, Isotope dilution adds only one additional step: an enriched isotopic spike is added to the sample before chemical alkylation. Before applying isotope dilution, however, it was necessary to show that the transient nature of the gas chromatographic profile and the pulsed nature of the ion trap mass spectrometer did not severely limit the precision with which an isotope ratio could be measured. Neither had a significant influence, as demonstrated by the precision, which ranged from similar to 0.2 to similar to 2.5% RSD, depending upon the relative abundance of the two isotopes and the absolute concentration of mercury in the sample. Calibration curve and standard addition approaches were the benchmarks to which isotope dilution was compared for quantification. When isotope dilution was employed, accuracy was improved by a factor of 30 over the calibration curve approach and a factor of 14 over the standard addition approach. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barshick, CM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM BARSHICKCM@ORNL.GOV NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1021/ac980854q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 158GY UT WOS:000078108700029 ER PT J AU Butcher, DJ Goeringer, DE Hurst, GB AF Butcher, DJ Goeringer, DE Hurst, GB TI Real-time determination of aromatics in automobile exhaust by single photon ionisation ion trap mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; DISCHARGE IONIZATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AMBIENT AIR; MS; PHOTOIONIZATION; ONLINE; GASES AB Instrumentation was constructed for the determination of oxygenates and aromatics by single-photon ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (SPI-ITMS) with a direct-sampling interface for application to real-time automotive exhaust measurements. Vacuum ultraviolet light at 118 mn was produced by focusing 355-nm pulses fi om a Nd:YAG laser into a gas cell containing xenon and passing them through ports in the ring electrode of a modified commercial ion trap mass spectrometer. The direct-sampling system consisted of a heated capillary interface with a pulsed valve. Good ionization efficiency was observed for analytes with ionization potentials (IPs) below 10.1 eV, with most molecules yielding molecular ions as the most abundant ionization product. SPI provides significant selectivity against interferences with IPs greater than 10.5 eV, Tandem mass spectrometry was employed to distinguish between analytes that produced isobaric base peaks via SPI. Detection limits between 0.03 and 0.2 ppm were obtained for seven compounds by SPI, with precision of 50% at 1 ppm, a time resolution of 5 s, and a linear dynamic range of 2-3 orders of magnitude. Accuracy was verified by the simultaneous determination of six compounds at similar to 1 ppm in a gas mixture standard. Real-time analysis of automobile exhaust by SPI-ITMS demonstrated the potential of the system for emissions measurements. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Goeringer, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 34 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 489 EP 496 DI 10.1021/ac9807971 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 158GY UT WOS:000078108700030 ER PT J AU Matthews, DC Martin, PJ Nourigat, C Appelbaum, FR Fisher, DR Bernstein, ID AF Matthews, DC Martin, PJ Nourigat, C Appelbaum, FR Fisher, DR Bernstein, ID TI Marrow ablative and immunosuppressive effects of I-131-anti-CD45 antibody in congenic and H2-mismatched murine transplant models SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ALLOGENEIC BONE-MARROW; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; DONOR-TYPE CHIMERISM; DOSE-RATE; ANTI-CD45 ANTIBODY; ACUTE-LEUKEMIA; STEM-CELLS; ENGRAFTMENT; MICE; RECIPIENTS AB Targeted hematopoietic irradiation delivered by I-131-anti-CD45 antibody has been combined with conventional marrow transplant preparative regimens in an effort to decrease relapse. Before increasing the proportion of therapy delivered by radiolabeled antibody, the myeloablative and immunosuppressive effects of such low dose rate irradiation must be quantitated. We have examined the ability of I-131-anti-CD45 antibody to facilitate engraftment in Ly5-congenic and H2-mismatched murine marrow transplant models. Recipient B6-Ly5(a) mice were treated with 30F11 antibody labeled with 0.1 to 1.5 mCi I-131 and/or total body irradiation (TBI), followed by T-cell-depleted marrow from Ly5(b)-congenic (C57BL/6) or H2-mismatched (BALB/c) donors. Engraftment was achieved readily in the Ly5-congenic setting, with greater than 80% donor granulocytes and T cells after 0.5 mCi I-131 (estimated 17 Gy to marrow) or 8 Gy TBI. A higher TBI dose (14 Gy) was required to achieve engraftment of HS-mismatched marrow, and engraftment occurred in only 3 of 11 mice receiving 1.5 mCi I-131 delivered by anti-CD45 antibody. Engraftment of H2-mismatched marrow was achieved in 22 of 23 animals receiving 0.75 mCi I-131 delivered by anti-CD45 antibody combined with 8 Gy TBI. Thus, targeted radiation delivered via I-131-anti-CD45 antibody can enable engraftment of congenic marrow and can partially replace TBI when transplanting T-cell-depleted H2-mismatched marrow. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr D1100, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Matthews, DC (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr D1100, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM dmatthew@hcrc.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA01690] NR 42 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 93 IS 2 BP 737 EP 745 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 155XD UT WOS:000077970900036 PM 9885237 ER PT J AU Ishiguro, R Sasaki, DY Pacheco, C Kurihara, K AF Ishiguro, R Sasaki, DY Pacheco, C Kurihara, K TI Interaction forces between metal-chelating lipid monolayers measured by colloidal probe atomic force microscopy SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE interaction forces; lipid monolayers; colloidal probe atomic force microscopy ID SURFACES; COMPLEMENTARY; ELECTROLYTE; ATTRACTION; WATER AB Surface forces between LB films of metal-chelating lipids in water have been studied using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy. The LB films of an amphiphile functionalized by the iminodiacetic acid group were prepared on hydrophobic glass substrates. The electric double layer repulsion operated between these LB film surfaces changed depending on pH reflecting the different protonation states of the iminodiacetic acid groups. The titration curve of the iminodiacetic acid monolayer was obtained from the force profiles. The Cu2+ complexation process was also monitored by measuring the force profiles at various Cu2+ ion concentrations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Chem React Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kurihara, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Chem React Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM kurihara@icrs.tohoku.ac.jp RI Kurihara, Kazue/E-5018-2010 NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 329 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00800-0 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 168XA UT WOS:000078717400030 ER PT J AU Jackson, BP Miller, WP AF Jackson, BP Miller, WP TI Soluble arsenic and selenium species in fly ash organic waste-amended soils using ion chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMBUSTION RESIDUES; ALLUVIAL SOILS; SPECIATION; ADSORPTION; EXTRACTS AB Mixing coal fly ash with an organic waste increases macronutrient content and may make land application of fly ash a viable disposal alternative. However, tra ce element chemistry of these mixed waste products warrants investigation. Speciation of As and Se in soil solutions of fly ash-, poultry litter- and sewage sludge-amended soils was determined over a 10-day period by ion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS). Detection limits were 0.031, 0.028, 0.051, 0.161, 0.497, and 0.660 mu g L-1 for dimethylarsinate (DMA), As(III), monomethylarsonate (MMA), As(V), Se(IV), and Se(VI), respectively (100 mu L injection). Arsenic was highly water-soluble from poultry litter and appeared to be predominantly As(V). Arsenic(V) was the predominant species in soil amended with two fly ashes. Application of fly ash/poultry litter mixtures increased As solubility and led to the prevalence of DMA as the major As species. DMA concentrations in these soil solutions decreased rapidly over the sampling period relative to As(V), suggesting that DMA readily underwent mineralization in the soil solution. Se(VI) was the predominant soluble Se species in all treatments indicating rapid oxidation of Se(IV) initially solubilized from the fly ashes. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Jackson, BP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. RI Schneider, Larissa/C-9863-2012 NR 29 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 33 IS 2 BP 270 EP 275 DI 10.1021/es980409c PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 160CW UT WOS:000078213600010 ER PT J AU Arey, JS Seaman, JC Bertsch, PM AF Arey, JS Seaman, JC Bertsch, PM TI Immobilization of uranium in contaminated sediments by hydroxyapatite addition SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SOILS; LEAD; PHOSPHATE; APATITE; SPECIATION; OXALATE; WATERS; PB AB Batch equilibrations were performed to investigate the ability of hydroxyapatite (Ca-5(PO4)(3)OH) to chemically immobilize U in two contaminated sediment samples having different organic carbon contents (123 and 49 g kg(-1), respectively). Apatite additions lowered aqueous U to near proposed drinking water standards in batch equilibrations of two distinct sediment strata having total U concentrations of 1703 and 2100 mg kg(-1), respectively. Apatite addition of 50 g kg(-1) reduced the solubility of U to values less than would be expected if autunite (Ca(UO2)(2)(PO4)(2). 10H(2)O) was the controlling solid phase. A comparison of the two sediment types suggests that aqueous phase U may be controlled by both the DOC content through complexation and the equilibrium pH for a given apatite application rate. Sequential chemical extractions demonstrated that apatite amendment transfers U from more chemically labile fractions, including water-soluble, exchangeable, and acid-soluble (pH approximate to 2.55) fractions, to the Mn-occluded fraction (pH approximate to 1.26). This suggests that apatite amendment redirects solid-phase speciation with secondary U phosphates being solubilized due to the lower pH of the Mn-occluded extractant, despite the lack of significant quantities of Mn oxides within these sediments. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis conducted in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed that apatite amendment sequesters some U in secondary Al/Fe phosphate phases. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Seaman, JC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. OI Arey, J. Samuel/0000-0002-3189-1585 NR 36 TC 129 Z9 131 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 33 IS 2 BP 337 EP 342 DI 10.1021/es980425+ PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 160CW UT WOS:000078213600020 PM 26528590 ER PT J AU Valenti, R Gros, C Muthukumar, VN AF Valenti, R Gros, C Muthukumar, VN TI Novel nonreciprocal acoustic effects in antiferromagnets SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; CR2O3 AB The possible occurrence of nonreciprocal acoustic effects in antiferromagnets in the absence of an external magnetic field is investigated using both i) a microscopic formulation of the magnetoelastic interaction between spins and phonons and ii) symmetry arguments. We predict for certain antiferromagnets the existence of two new nonreciprocal (non-time invariant) effects: A boundary-condition-induced nonreciprocal effect and the occurrence of transversal phonon modes propagating in opposite directions having different velocities. Estimates are given and possible materials for these effects to be observed we suggested. C1 Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Valenti, R (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 2 BP 242 EP 248 DI 10.1209/epl/i1999-00153-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156WY UT WOS:000078026400016 ER PT J AU Skoug, RM Bame, SJ Feldman, WC Gosling, JT McComas, DJ Steinberg, JT Tokar, RL Riley, P Burlaga, LF Ness, NF Smith, CW AF Skoug, RM Bame, SJ Feldman, WC Gosling, JT McComas, DJ Steinberg, JT Tokar, RL Riley, P Burlaga, LF Ness, NF Smith, CW TI A prolonged He+ enhancement within a coronal mass ejection in the solar wind SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC TOPOLOGY AB A coronal mass ejection and magnetic cloud containing an unusually large enhancement of He+ was observed in the solar wind by the plasma and magnetic field instruments on the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft on May 2-4, 1998. The He+/He++ ratio during this event exceeded 0.5% for a period of more than 24 hours, and reached values as high as 100%. The high He+/He++ ratio indicates the presence of prominence material, and in fact a disappearing filament and prominence were observed at the Sun in association with this event. The prolonged observation of He+ indicates that prominence material extended through much of this CME, the first such observation in a CME in the solar wind. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SciberNet Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Skoug, RM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rskoug@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1029/1998GL900207 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 160JE UT WOS:000078226200006 ER PT J AU Gupta, ML Cicerone, RJ Elliott, S AF Gupta, ML Cicerone, RJ Elliott, S TI Perturbation to global tropospheric oxidizing capacity due to latitudinal redistribution of surface sources of NOx, CH4 and CO (vol 25, 3931, 1998) SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. LANL, Atmospher Sci Grp, EES, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Gupta, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 213 EP 213 DI 10.1029/1998GL900287 PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 160JE UT WOS:000078226200019 ER PT J AU Gast, L Ellingson, W AF Gast, L Ellingson, W TI Die swell measurements of second-order fluids: Numerical experiments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE die swell; second-order fluid; finite element ID SINGULARITY; SIMULATION; EXTRUSION; FLOW AB An analysis of the flow of a second-order fluid is presented. Reference values for some variables are defined, and with these a non-dimensional formulation of the governing equations. From this formulation, three dimensionless numbers appear; one is the Reynolds number, and two numbers that are called the first- and second-dimensionless normal stress (NSD) coefficients. The equations of motion are solved by a finite element method using a commercially available program (Fidap), and the steady state converged solution was used to measure the die swell. The factors that influence die swell and that are studied in this work include: the die geometry for circular cross sectional dies, including tubular, converging, diverging, half-converging/half-tubular shapes; fluid characteristics such as Reynolds number and first- and second-DNS coefficients (both positive and negative values); and flow rates, as determined by the maximum velocity in a parabolic velocity profile at the entrance to the die. The results suggest that shear and deformation histories of the fluid directly influence not only swell characteristics, but also convergence characteristics of the numerical simulation. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60437 USA. RP Gast, L (reprint author), Robert Morris Coll, 180 N Lasalle St, Kyoto 60601, Japan. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(19990115)29:1<1::AID-FLD729>3.0.CO;2-R PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 158PL UT WOS:000078123900001 ER PT J AU Almeida, AL Martins, JBL Taft, CA Longo, E Lester, WA AF Almeida, AL Martins, JBL Taft, CA Longo, E Lester, WA TI Theoretical study of water coverage on MgO surfaces SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE water coverage; MgO; ab initio; adsorption; surface ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; CORE POTENTIAL DEPENDENCE; LARGE CLUSTER-MODELS; 0001 ZNO SURFACES; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; MOLECULAR CLUSTER; MGO(100) SURFACE; BASIS-SET; ADSORPTION; METHANE AB Ab initio and semiempirical calculations have been performed on an (MgO)(16) cluster model in order to study the effects of water coverage on pure MgO (100) surfaces. The geometries of various adsorbed water molecules have been optimized and the binding energies, charge transfer, and preferential sites of interaction analyzed. We have used Mulliken and natural bond population analysis methods in order to analyze charge distributions and the direction of charge transfer processes. We have also investigated the effects of low and high coverage on energy gaps, density of states, self-consistent field (SCF) orbital energies, and stretching frequencies. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Dept Mat Condensada & Fis Estatist, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Quim, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Lester, WA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Martins, Joao/I-6226-2012; Longo, Elson/B-9395-2012 OI Martins, Joao/0000-0001-8677-3239; Longo, Elson/0000-0001-8062-7791 NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 2 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1999)71:2<153::AID-QUA4>3.0.CO;2-H PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 147MW UT WOS:000077572100004 ER PT J AU Gingl, F Vogt, T Akiba, E Yvon, K AF Gingl, F Vogt, T Akiba, E Yvon, K TI Cubic CsCaH3 and hexagonal RbMgH3: new examples of fluoride-related perovskite-type hydrides SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE CsCaH3; RbMgH3; crystal structure; neutron diffraction; X-ray diffraction ID ALKALINE-EARTH HYDRIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TERNARY; SRMGH4 AB The title compounds and their deuterides were synthesized by sintering stoichiometric mixtures of the binary hydrides (deuterides) at 675 K and 200 bar H-2 (D-2) for 10 days and characterized by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. CsCaH3 crystallizes with the cubic perovskite structure, space group Pm (3) over bar m (221), a=4.6170(2) Angstrom (hydride), a=4.6093(2) Angstrom (deuteride). The distances (Cs-D: 3.26 Angstrom, Ca-D: 2.31 Angstrom, D-D: 3.26 Angstrom) are consistent with those found in Cs2CaH4. RbMgH3 is the first example of a metal hydride crystallizing with the BaTiO3 (6H variant of the hexagonal perovskite) structure, space group P6(3)/mmc (194), a=5.9030(1) Angstrom, c=14.3158(3) Angstrom (deuteride). The M-D distances (Rb-D: 2.96-3.03 Angstrom, Mg-D: 2.01-2.04 Angstrom) and shortest D-D distances (2.52 Angstrom) are in agreement with distances found in other deuterides. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Geneva, Lab Cristallog, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Mat & Chem Res, Dept Inorgan Mat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan. RP Yvon, K (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Lab Cristallog, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 24 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 282 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00834-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 157DK UT WOS:000078044300024 ER PT J AU Davis, HA Johnston, GP Olson, JC Rej, DJ Waganaar, WJ Ruiz, CL Schmidlapp, FA Thompson, MO AF Davis, HA Johnston, GP Olson, JC Rej, DJ Waganaar, WJ Ruiz, CL Schmidlapp, FA Thompson, MO TI Characterization and modeling of the ablation plumes formed by intense-pulsed ion beam impact on solid targets SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION AB An investigation of the properties of the ablation products from intense-pulsed ion beam impact on solid targets is described. Measurements and calculations of the properties of the ablation plume are presented and correlated with incident beam parameters. Experimental techniques include Thomson parabola particle spectroscopy to measure the incident ion beam atomic composition and the energy spectrum of each beam component, thermal imaging to measure the incident-beam energy density, time-resolved photography to measure the plume expansion time history and geometry, and time-resolved energy-density measurements of the plume. The results of a thermal transport model of the beam-target interaction are presented, and a detailed comparison with measurements is made. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)06702-X]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Davis, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM davis@lanl.gov OI Thompson, Michael/0000-0002-4933-009X NR 22 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1063/1.369151 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TJ UT WOS:000077792600011 ER PT J AU Daymond, MR Bourke, MAM Von Dreele, RB AF Daymond, MR Bourke, MAM Von Dreele, RB TI Use of Rietveld refinement to fit a hexagonal crystal structure in the presence of elastic and plastic anisotropy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION; STRAIN; POLYCRYSTALS AB When multiple elastic diffraction peaks are obtained from an x-ray or neutron source, data analysis is commonly performed using a Rietveld refinement applied to the entire pattern, rather than simply performing single peak fits. In the simplest case the crystal structure is assumed to be ideal despite the presence of stresses which, coupled with the elastic and plastic anisotropy of individual grains, can result in a nonisotropic response of the polycrystal. A first step to account for this anisotropy in the refinement is to include an anisotropic strain parameter. In an earlier work [J. Appl. Phys. 82, 1554 (1997)] we included elastic anisotropy into a Rietveld refinement and discussed its validity in the elastic and plastic regimes for a cubic crystal structure. Here we extend the discussion to include anisotropy in hexagonal crystal structures. The agreement between single peak fits and the Rietveld refinement modeled single peak positions is considered for hexagonal close packed beryllium in the presence of an applied compressive load, in both the elastic and plastic regime (to similar to 1% plastic strain). Agreement is found to be good in the elastic and early plastic regime, where only basal slip is assumed to be active. At higher loads, where prism slip and/or basal fracture are also assumed to be active, agreement is poorer for some diffraction planes. The implications for residual stress measurements are considered. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)03502-1]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daymond, MR (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. OI Daymond, Mark/0000-0001-6242-7489 NR 21 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 739 EP 747 DI 10.1063/1.369154 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TJ UT WOS:000077792600015 ER PT J AU Maltez, RL Liliental-Weber, Z Washburn, J Behar, M Klein, PB Specht, P Weber, ER AF Maltez, RL Liliental-Weber, Z Washburn, J Behar, M Klein, PB Specht, P Weber, ER TI Structural and photoluminescence studies of Er implanted Be doped and undoped low-temperature grown GaAs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ERBIUM; EPITAXY AB Characteristic 1.54 mu m Er3+ emission has been observed from Er-implanted and annealed, low-temperature grown GaAs Be doped and undoped samples. Er plateau implantations (480, 155, and 40 keV successive implants) were performed at 300 degrees C covering calculated Er concentrations from 10(18) up to 10(20) Er/cm(3). Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy studies reveal very little structural damage for these elevated temperature implants up to an Er total fluence of 1.36 X 10(14) Er/cm(2). No Er emission was observed from any of the as-implanted samples but it was observed after postimplantation annealings at 650 and 750 degrees C temperatures. The Er emission was significantly more intense after 650 degrees C anneals, for Be doped samples, and after 750 degrees C anneals for undoped samples. It appears on top of a broad background luminescence associated with midgap states. The Er emission intensity was found to scale linearly with the total Er implantation fluence up to Er concentration of similar to 10(19) Er/cm(3). Er precipitation was observed after 750 degrees C annealing for 10(19) Er/cm(3) samples, but could be observed for 10(20) Er/cm(3) Er-doped samples even after a 650 degrees C anneal. These precipitates are most likely ErAs. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)07402-2]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UFRGS, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Maltez, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Maltez, Rogerio/K-1173-2016 OI Maltez, Rogerio/0000-0002-8653-6118 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 1105 EP 1113 DI 10.1063/1.369236 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TJ UT WOS:000077792600068 ER PT J AU Kim, CY Shen, BH Park, MS Olah, GA AF Kim, CY Shen, BH Park, MS Olah, GA TI Structural changes measured by x-ray scattering from human flap endonuclease-1 complexed with Mg2+ and flap DNA substrate SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; EXCISION-REPAIR; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PURIFIED PROTEINS; REPLICATION FORK; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; YEAST; FEN-1; BINDING; EXONUCLEASE AB Human flap endonuclease-1 (FEN-1) is a member of the structure-specific endonuclease family and is essential in DNA replication and repair. FEN-1 has specific endonuclease activity for repairing nicked double-stranded DNA substrates that have the 5'-end of the nick expanded into a single-stranded tail, and it is involved in processing Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. Magnesium is a cofactor required for nuclease activity. We used small-angle x-ray scattering to obtain global structural information pertinent to nuclease activity from FEN-1, the D181A mutant, the wild-type FEN-1.34-mer DNA flap complex, and the D181A 34-mer DNA flap complex. The D181A mutant, which has Asp-181 replaced by Ala, selectively binds to the flap structure, but has lost its cleaving activity. Asp-181 is thought to be involved in Mg2+ binding at the active site (Shen, B., Nolan, J. P., Sklar, L. A. and Park, M. S. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 9173-9176). Our data indicate that PEN-1 and the D181A mutant each have a radius of gyration of similar to 26 Angstrom and the effect of Mg2+ on the scattering from the proteins alone is insignificant. The 34-mer DNA fragment was constructed such that it readily forms a 5'-flap structure. The formation of the flap conformation of the DNA substrate was evident by both the extrapolated I-o scattering and radius of gyration and was supported by NMR spectrum and nuclease assays. In the absence of magnesium, the FEN-1.34-mer DNA flap complex has an R-g value of similar to 34 Angstrom whereas the D181A 34-mer DNA flap complex self-associates, suggesting that a significant protein conformational change occurs by addition of the flap DNA substrate and that Asp-181 is crucial for proper binding of the protein to the DNA substrate. A time course change in the scattering profiles arising from magnesium activation of the FEN-1.34-mer DNA flap complex is consistent with the protein completely releasing the DNA substrate after cleavage. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Olah, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, 110 Vet Med, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA73764] NR 45 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 3 BP 1233 EP 1239 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.3.1233 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 190HL UT WOS:000079956900011 PM 9880491 ER PT J AU Feller, D Glendening, ED de Jong, WA AF Feller, D Glendening, ED de Jong, WA TI Structures and binding enthalpies of M+ (H2O)(n) clusters, M=Cu, Ag, Au SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; ADJUSTED ABINITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; METAL POSITIVE-IONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; 2 WATER-MOLECULES; AB-INITIO; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; ALKALINE-EARTH AB Structures and incremental binding enthalpies were determined for the M+(H2O)(n) ionic clusters, M = Cu, Ag, Au; n = 1-4 (5 for Cu) using correlated ab initio electronic structure methods. The effects of basis set expansion and high-level correlation recovery were found to be significant, in contrast to alkali and alkaline earth cation/water complexes, where correlation of the d electrons is unimportant. The use of a systematic sequence of one-particle basis sets permitted binding enthalpies in the complete basis set limit to be estimated. Overall, the best theoretical binding enthalpies compared favorably with the available experimental data for copper and silver. No experimental data is available for gold/water clusters. The largest deviation was noted for Ag+(H2O)(2), where theory predicts an incremental binding enthalpy of 28 kcal/mol and experiment measures similar to 25 kcal/mol. However, the uncertainty associated with one of the two experimental values is quite large (+/-3 kcal/mol) and almost encompasses the theoretical result. Results were also obtained with the more cost-effective 6-31 + G* basis set and calibrated against the estimated complete basis set limits. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)30103-3]. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Indiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. RP Feller, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 906 Battelle Blvd,MS K1-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315 NR 62 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 3 BP 1475 EP 1491 DI 10.1063/1.477814 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156YM UT WOS:000078030500018 ER PT J AU Dang, LX AF Dang, LX TI Characterization of water octamer, nanomer, decamer, and iodide-water interactions using molecular dynamics techniques SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE; CLUSTERS; SOLVATION; SPECTRUM; VAPOR; IONS AB The lowest minimum-energy structures for the water octamer, nanomer, and decamer and the hydration of iodide were characterized using molecular dynamics techniques and polarizable potential models of Dang and Chang [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8149 (1997)]. The calculations predicted the two lowest-energy cubic isomers, D-2d and S-4, for the water octamer. The lowest minimum-energy structures for the nanomer and decamer were derived from the octamer by insertion of one and two water molecules, respectively, into the cubic isomers. Our potential models provided an excellent description of the hydration of iodide in water clusters and in solution at room temperature. At 0 K, the lowest energy-minimum structures predicted by our calculations are in excellent agreement with the available optimized structures obtained from accurate electronic structure theory calculations for similar systems. In all cases, the surface states are dominant and the polarizability plays an important role in the hydration of iodide in water clusters at 0 K. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)51803-5]. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dang, LX (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 3 BP 1526 EP 1532 DI 10.1063/1.478025 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156YM UT WOS:000078030500023 ER PT J AU Zhan, CG Chipman, DM AF Zhan, CG Chipman, DM TI Reaction field effects on nitrogen shielding SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; ELECTRON CORRELATION; NUCLEAR SHIELDINGS; ATOMIC ORBITALS; HYDROGEN-ATOM; GAS-PHASE; SOLVENT; SOLVATION AB Solvation effects on nuclear magnetic shielding at nitrogen in the CH3CN, CH3NO2,CH3NCS, and CH3ONO2 molecules are studied using electronic structure calculations. Reaction field theory together with a dielectric continuum is invoked to describe solute-solvent electrostatic interactions, using a solute electronic isodensity contour to define the cavity surface. With the common approach that treats only surface polarization effects, it is found that the nitrogen shielding is very sensitive to the cavity size and usually provides results in reasonable agreement with experiment only for rather large cavity sizes corresponding to contour values of similar to 0.000 25-0.0005 a.u. With a more complete treatment that also includes volume polarization effects arising from penetration of the solute charge density outside the cavity, the nitrogen shielding becomes much less sensitive to the cavity size and reasonable agreement with experiment can be obtained with contour values similar to 0.001-0.003 a.u., which is more consistent with previous findings on the optimum cavity size for determination of free energies of solvation. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00403-1]. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Radiat Lab, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Zhan, CG (reprint author), Battelle NW, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mail Stop K2-21, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Chipman, Daniel/C-7704-2015 OI Chipman, Daniel/0000-0002-9992-6684 NR 51 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 3 BP 1611 EP 1622 DI 10.1063/1.477801 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 156YM UT WOS:000078030500031 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES AF Yeung, ES TI Study of single cells by using capillary electrophoresis and native fluorescence detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Review DE reviews; cells; catecholamines; serotonin; proteins; insulin ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; ADRENAL-MEDULLARY CELLS; LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYMES; TUBULAR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; CATECHOLAMINE SECRETION; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMAFFIN CELLS; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION AB Capillary electrophoresis is known for its compatibility with biological materials and with small samples. It is an ideal tool for the study of single biological cells. Either whole cells or the material secreted from cells can be quantified. By continuously flowing a chemical stimulant over an immobilized cell inside the entrance of the capillary, one can even record the temporal progression of cellular secretion with sub-second resolution. The use of native fluorescence detection in such experiments provides a sensitive, rapid, non-intrusive and quantitative probe of important biomolecules such as catecholamines and proteins. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 72 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 830 IS 2 BP 243 EP 262 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00920-0 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 162CT UT WOS:000078328400001 PM 10048194 ER PT J AU Miyabe, K Guiochon, G AF Miyabe, K Guiochon, G TI Peak tailing and column radial heterogeneity in linear chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE peak shape; column radial heterogeneity; column efficiency ID MASS-TRANSFER KINETICS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CYLINDRICAL SYMMETRY; FLOW VELOCITY; EFFICIENCY; HOMOGENEITY; SEPARATION; BEDS AB The correlation between the radial heterogeneity of a column and the tailing of the elution profiles of chromatographic peaks was studied using a numerical method. A parabolic distribution of the linear flow velocity of the mobile phase and of the column efficiency in the radial direction were assumed. Moment analysis showed that peak tailing takes place under such experimental conditions and that it increases with increasing range of radial variations of the flow velocity and the column efficiency. It was also found that the higher the column efficiency, the larger the effect of a given degree of radial heterogeneity on the extent of peak tailing. Peak tailing behavior of columns having different efficiencies could be correlated with each other by an equation. Some characteristic features of tailing peaks were analyzed in connection with the column radial heterogeneity. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 830 IS 2 BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00852-8 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 162CT UT WOS:000078328400002 ER PT J AU Schreckenbach, G Hay, PJ Martin, RL AF Schreckenbach, G Hay, PJ Martin, RL TI Density functional calculations on actinide compounds: Survey of recent progress and application to [UO2X4](2-) (X = F, Cl, OH) and AnF(6) (An = U, Np, Pu) SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE density functional theory; actinide compounds; relativity; uranyl complexes; effective core potentials ID ELEMENT ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES; EFFECTIVE-CORE POTENTIALS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SET; RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; REGULAR 2-COMPONENT HAMILTONIANS; EXCHANGE-CORRELATION FUNCTIONALS; DOUGLAS-KROLL TRANSFORMATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY APPROACH AB The subject of this article, the application of density functional theory (DFT) to molecular systems containing actinide elements, is discussed in two parts, in the first part, a survey is given of DFT applications on actinide-containing molecules. Various methodological developments are reviewed, including, among others, new relativistic effective core potentials (ECP), and newly developed stable relativistic DFT methods. Actual DFT calculations of actinide molecular systems are discussed, covering the time from about 1991 to the present. In the second part, two different DFT-based relativistic methods are applied to some actinide molecules. These are ECPs and the quasirelativistic (QR) method. Systems studied include actinide hexafluorides AnF(6) (An = U, Np, Pu) and uranyl (VI) anions [UO2X4](2-) (X = OH, F, Cl). Calculated geometries and vibrational frequencies are discussed and compared with experiment. The two relativistic methods have been combined with the BLYP and B3LYP density functionals. The ECP-B3LYP and QR-BLYP approaches gave the best bond lengths and frequencies. The existence of stable structures with a bent uranyl bond ("cis-uranyl") is predicted for all three [UO2X4](2-) ions. ECP-B3LYP predicts the following order for the stability of the "cis" conformers of [UO2X4](2-) (relative to the respective global energy minimum): OH > F > Cl with the "cis"-[UO2Cl4](2-) being least stable. The article concludes with a discussion of future directions for the application of DFT to the f-block chemistry. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div MS B268, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 250 TC 175 Z9 177 U1 9 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0192-8651 EI 1096-987X J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 20 IS 1 BP 70 EP 90 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(19990115)20:1<70::AID-JCC9>3.0.CO;2-F PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 151YH UT WOS:000077747900009 ER PT J AU Sun, Y Petersen, JN Clement, TP AF Sun, Y Petersen, JN Clement, TP TI Analytical solutions for multiple species reactive transport in multiple dimensions SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE analytical solution; biodegradation; transport; multi-species; first-order reaction ID MODEL; DECAY AB Many numerical computer codes used to simulate multi-species reactive transport and biodegradation have been developed in recent years. Such numerical codes must be validated by comparison of the numerical solutions with an analytical solution. In this paper, a method for deriving analytical solutions of the partial differential equations describing multiple species multi-dimensional transport with first-order sequential reactions is presented. Although others have developed specific solutions of multi-species transport equations, here a more general analytical approach, capable of describing any number of reactive species in multiple dimensions is derived. A substitution method is used to transform the multi-species reactive transport problem to one that can be solved using previously published single-species solutions for various initial and boundary conditions. One- and three-dimensional examples are presented to illustrate the steps involved in extending single-species solutions to a four-species system with sequential first-order reactions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Bioproc Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Petersen, JN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Petersen, James/B-8924-2008; Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 NR 14 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 35 IS 4 BP 429 EP 440 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(98)00105-3 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 158YF UT WOS:000078144500005 ER PT J AU Brydon, D Sun, S Bleck, R AF Brydon, D Sun, S Bleck, R TI A new approximation of the equation of state for seawater, suitable for numerical ocean models SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article AB An approximation to the UNESCO equation of state for seawater is obtained in the form of a polynomial that is cubic in potential temperature, quadratic in pressure, and linear in salinity. The polynomial represents a reasonable compromise between accuracy and computational economy; it also allows potential temperature to be obtained analytically from given values of density, salinity, and pressure. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Brydon, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Sun, Shan/H-2318-2015 NR 9 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 104 IS C1 BP 1537 EP 1540 DI 10.1029/1998JC900059 PG 4 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 158LE UT WOS:000078116300021 ER PT J AU Wereszczak, AA Kirkland, TP Curtis, WF AF Wereszczak, AA Kirkland, TP Curtis, WF TI Creep of CaO/SiO2-containing MgO refractories SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES AB Compressive creep of five commercially-available brands of CaO/SiO2-containing MgO refractories was measured over a temperature range of 1400-1550 degrees C and compressive stresses of 0.10-0.30 MPa. All brands had a MgO content greater than 96 wt %, a CaO/SiO2 wt % ratio equal to or greater than 1.9, and a firing temperature greater than 1535 degrees C. The more creep resistant brands were observed to have a combination of: (1) a larger average grain size and wider grain size distribution, (2) a low iron content, and (3) an absence of CaO-MgO-SiO2 compounds. Creep-stress exponents for three of the five brands indicated their creep was rate-controlled by diffusion, and their activation energy values indicated that creep was accommodated by grain boundary sliding through viscous flow of the calcium silicate grain-boundary phase. Two brands exhibited dramatic time-hardening behavior which resulted in their creep not being well-represented by the power-law creep formulation. The observed attributes among the brands were combined and a hypothetical CaO/SiO2-containing MgO refractory is proposed. (C) 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. PG Ind Inc, Glass Technol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 EI 1573-4803 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 215 EP 227 DI 10.1023/A:1004427314573 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 175KD UT WOS:000079091600001 ER PT J AU Cook, BA Harringa, JL AF Cook, BA Harringa, JL TI Electrical properties of some (1,1,1) intermetallic compounds SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FERMI LEVEL; GAP; TINISN; ZRNISN; HFNISN; BAND AB Many intermetallic compounds form with a gap in their density of states at the Fermi level, giving rise to relatively large Seebeck coefficients, on the order of -150 to -300 mu V/deg. at room temperature. Consequently, when combined with reasonable carrier mobilities in the range of 30 to 50 cm(2)/V-s, 'half-Heusler' compounds, such as MNiSn where M = (Ti, Zr, Hf), become attractive candidates for intermediate temperature (300 degrees C to 600 degrees C) thermoelectric applications. Samples of TiNiSn were prepared by are melting and homogenized by various heat treatments. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal diffusivity of these samples was characterized between 22 degrees C and 900 degrees C. The electrical resistivity and thermopower both decrease with increasing temperature, consistent with semiconducting behavior. The electrical power factor, defined as S-2/rho where S is the Seebeck coefficient and rho is the resistivity, appears quite sensitive to the degree of homogenization in the microstructure and values in excess of 25 mu W/cm-degrees C-2 were observed in nearly single phase alloys within the 300 to 600 degrees C temperature range. A brief survey of other selected ternary intermetallic compounds is also presented. (C) 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cook, BA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1023/A:1004409706821 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 175KD UT WOS:000079091600015 ER PT J AU Park, ET AF Park, ET TI Grain growth of BaTiO3 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TETRAGONAL BATIO3; CREEP; ACTUATORS; CERAMICS C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Park, ET (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 18 IS 2 BP 163 EP 165 DI 10.1023/A:1006682906362 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 186YY UT WOS:000079760200022 ER PT J AU Loy, DA Jamison, GM McClain, MD Alam, TM AF Loy, DA Jamison, GM McClain, MD Alam, TM TI Spontaneous polymerization of phenylphosphaethyne SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phenylphosphaethyne; phosphaacetylene; spontaneous polymerization ID COORDINATED PHOSPHORUS-COMPOUNDS; PHOSPHAALKYNE; CARBON; CHEMISTRY; DIMERS C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Encapsulants & Foams Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Loy, DA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Encapsulants & Foams Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 37 IS 2 BP 129 EP 133 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19990115)37:2<129::AID-POLA3>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 154FE UT WOS:000077877400003 ER PT J AU Clausen, B Lorentzen, T Bourke, MAM Daymond, MR AF Clausen, B Lorentzen, T Bourke, MAM Daymond, MR TI Lattice strain evolution during uniaxial tensile loading of stainless steel SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE neutron diffraction; time-of-flight; self-consistent; polycrystal deformation; elastic-plastic modeling; austenitic stainless steel ID METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; PREDICTION AB Applied and residual lattice strains were determined by neutron diffraction during a tensile test of a weakly textured austenitic stainless steel and were compared to the predictions of a self-consistent polycrystal deformation model. Parallel to the tensile axis the model predictions are generally within the resolution of the diffraction measurements, but perpendicular to the tensile axis discrepancies are noted. Discrepancies between model and measurements were greater for the residual lattice strains than during loading. It is postulated that this is because the model does not predict reverse plasticity during unload. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Ctr, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Clausen, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Ctr, LANSCE, POB 1663,Mail Stop H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Daymond, Mark/0000-0001-6242-7489 NR 15 TC 172 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00878-8 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 157FF UT WOS:000078049400003 ER PT J AU Dunn, J Nilsen, J Osterheld, AL Li, YL Shlyaptsev, VN AF Dunn, J Nilsen, J Osterheld, AL Li, YL Shlyaptsev, VN TI Demonstration of transient gain x-ray lasers near 20 nm for nickellike yttrium, zirconium, niobium, and molybdenum SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFICATION AB We demonstrate strong lasing on the Ni-like 4d S-1(0) --> 4p P-1(1) transition at 18.9, 20.3, 22.0, and 24.0 nm for Mo, Nb, Zr, and Y ions, respectively, using the transient collisional excitation scheme. Approximately 5 J of laser energy in a combination of a 600-ps pulse and a l-ps pulse from the Compact Multipulse Terawatt (COMET) tabletop laser system is used to irradiate slab targets of these materials. Small-signal gains of 17-26 cm(-1) are determined on the 4d --> 4p transition, with overall gain-length products gL of 11-12. Lasing is observed and gain is measured on the 4f P-1(1) --> 4d P-1(1) transition, which is pumped by collisional excitation combined with self-photopumping, for what is to our knowledge the first time. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci & Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dunn, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci & Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Li, Yuelin/0000-0002-6229-7490 NR 18 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2 BP 101 EP 103 DI 10.1364/OL.24.000101 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 157WZ UT WOS:000078085800011 PM 18071421 ER PT J AU Turner, MS AF Turner, MS TI Large-scale structure from quantum fluctuations in the early universe SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE early universe; cosmology; large-scale structure; microwave background radiation; particle physics; dark matter ID COLD DARK-MATTER; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; MODELS; RECONSTRUCTION; PERTURBATIONS; ANISOTROPY; FLATNESS; FIELD AB A better understanding of the formation of large-scale structure in the universe is arguably the most pressing question in cosmology. The most compelling and promising theoretical paradigm, inflation + cold dark matter, holds that the density inhomogeneities that seeded the formation of structure in the universe originated from quantum fluctuations arising during inflation and that the bulk of the dark matter is slowing moving elementary particles ('cold dark matter') left over from the earliest fiery moments. Large redshift surveys (such as the SDSS and 2dF) and high-resolution measurements of cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropy (to be made by the MAP and Planck Surveyor satellites) have the potential to decisively test inflation + cold dark matter and to open a window to the very early universe and fundamental physics. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Turner, MS (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 357 IS 1750 BP 7 EP 20 DI 10.1098/rsta.1999.0311 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 168JL UT WOS:000078688400002 ER PT J AU Kim, YM Perry, CH Lee, KS Rickel, DG AF Kim, YM Perry, CH Lee, KS Rickel, DG TI Magnetoluminescence oscillations of a doped (Al,Ga)As/GaAs single heterojunction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM HALL REGIME; RESONANT MAGNETOEXCITONS; WELLS AB We have studied the photoluminescence spectra of a modulation doped (Al,Ga)As/GaAs single heterojunction in magnetic fields to 50 T at 4 K. When an external excitation is introduced to the system, photocreated electrons push the Fermi energy close to the second subband and lead to the formation of a hybridized eigenstate of the second subband (E1) exciton and the first subband (E0) two-dimensional electron state. The conduction-band hybridization enhances nonlinear behavior of magnetoexciton transitions in the optical process. At low fields, the E1 magnetoexciton transition is dominant,because the E1 hole wave-function overlap is larger than that of E0 hole. Beyond the v=2 quantum Hall state, where electron screening becomes negligible, electron-hole attraction is dominant, and holes tend to move to the interface. As a consequence, the photoluminescence oscillator strength switches from the magneto-exciton transition to the lowest-Landau-level subband transition above 13 T. [S0163-1829(98)03240-8]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Kim, YM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1641 EP 1644 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1641 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000024 ER PT J AU Cho, JH Ismail Zhang, ZY Plummer, EW AF Cho, JH Ismail Zhang, ZY Plummer, EW TI Oscillatory lattice relaxation at metal surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER RELAXATION AB It was shown decades ago within the jellium model that the redistribution of the itinerant electrons at a simple metal surface results in damped electron density oscillations propagating into the bulk (Friedel oscillations). Using self-consistent density-functional theory calculations, we show that pronounced Friedel oscillations still exist at such surfaces even when the effects of the ionic cores are included explicitly. Our findings not only confirm a long-standing and widespread speculation, but further provide a simple physical picture for yet another common phenomenon in lattice relaxation: The Fridel oscillations in electron density contribute to drive the ions to relax in an oscillatory fashion, as evidenced by a corroborative comparison between theory and experiment for Mg(10 (1) over bar 0). [S0163-1829(99)08203-X]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Cho, Jun-Hyung/R-7256-2016 OI Cho, Jun-Hyung/0000-0002-1785-1835 NR 20 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1677 EP 1680 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1677 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000033 ER PT J AU Wang, WZ Shuai, Z Saxena, A Bishop, AR Bredas, JL AF Wang, WZ Shuai, Z Saxena, A Bishop, AR Bredas, JL TI Effect of nonadiabaticity and disorder on nonlinear optical susceptibilities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATED POLYMERS; GROUND-STATE; SYSTEMS AB The effect of nonadiabaticity on optical linear polarizability (alpha) and third-order polarizability (gamma) is investigated numerically for a Holstein-Hubbard finite chain system. The variations of alpha and gamma are studied as a function of the nonadiabaticity parameter, electron-phonon coupling strength and electron-electron interactions. For a specific range of values of each of these parameters, alpha and gamma are significantly enhanced. Disorder in either electronic or phonon degrees of freedom is also found to enhance optical nonlinearity. [S0163-1829(99)01403-4]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Mons, Ctr Rech Elect & Photon Mol, Serv Chim Mat Nouveaux, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. RP Wang, WZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bredas, Jean-Luc/A-3431-2008; Shuai, Zhigang/H-5576-2011 OI Bredas, Jean-Luc/0000-0001-7278-4471; Shuai, Zhigang/0000-0003-3867-2331 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1697 EP 1700 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1697 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000038 ER PT J AU Neumeier, JJ Andres, K McClellan, KJ AF Neumeier, JJ Andres, K McClellan, KJ TI Thermal expansion of single-crystalline La0.83Sr0.17MnO3: The importance of temperature-induced strain for the electrical resistivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOPED LAMNO3; LA1-XCAXMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TRANSITION; PEROVSKITE; MANGANITES; MAGNETORESISTANCE; DISTORTION; TRANSPORT AB Thermal expansion, magnetization, and electrical-resistivity measurements of single crystalline La0.83Sr0.17MnO3 are presented. A first-order structural transition occurs at 300 K, transforming the high-temperature rhombohedral phase into an orthorhombic phase. The paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition is second order and is clearly revealed as a change in slope of the linear-thermal expansion Delta l/l at T-c = 265 K. The temperature derivative of Delta l/l yields the thermal-expansion coefficient alpha; thermodynamic analysis of alpha near T-c reveals isotropic-uniaxial pressure derivatives of T-c. Strain arising from the structural and magnetic transitions is shown to influence the electrical resistivity. [S0163-1829(99)01103-0]. C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Walther Meissner Inst Tieftemp Forsch, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Neumeier, JJ (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. NR 38 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1701 EP 1705 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1701 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000039 ER PT J AU Guerrero, M Ortiz, G Gubernatis, JE AF Guerrero, M Ortiz, G Gubernatis, JE TI Correlated wave functions and the absence of long-range order in numerical studies of the Hubbard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VARIATIONAL MONTE-CARLO; FERMION GROUND-STATES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SYSTEMS AB We present a formulation of the constrained path Monte Carlo method for fermions that uses trial wave functions that include many-body effects. This formulation allows us to implement a whole family of generalized mean-field states as constraints. As an example, we calculated superconducting pairing correlation functions for the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model using a BCS trial state as the constraint. We compared the results with the case where a free-electron trial wave function is used. We found that the correlation functions are independent of which state is used as the constraint, which reaffirms the results previously found by Zhang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4486 (1997)] regarding the suppression of long-range pairing correlations as the system size increases. [S0163-1829(99)03303-2]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guerrero, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1706 EP 1711 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1706 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000040 ER PT J AU Ravindran, P Delin, A Johansson, B Eriksson, O Wills, JM AF Ravindran, P Delin, A Johansson, B Eriksson, O Wills, JM TI Electronic structure, chemical bonding, and optical properties of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric NaNO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHONON SIDE BANDS; SODIUM-NITRITE; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; CRYSTALS; ABSORPTION; SPECTRA; MODEL AB The electronic-energy band structure, site and angular momentum decomposed density of states (DOS), and charge-density contours for ferroelectric sodium nitrite have been calculated using an accurate full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method. The calculated total DOS is found to be in good agreement with experimental x-ray-photoemission spectra. From the DOS analysis, as well as charge-density studies, we conclude that the bonding between Na and NO2 is ionic and that the NO2 entities bond covalently. The polarized reflectivity spectra, calculated in a large energy range up to 30 eV, are directly compared with recent experimental spectra. The optical anisotropy in this material is analyzed through the optical functions such as refractive indices and static dielectric constants along the principal axes. Our calculated band structure and optical spectra are also compared with results obtained from the orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbital method. The role of antiferroelectric distortion on the optical property and structural stability is discussed. [S0163-1829(99)00503-2]. C1 Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ravindran, P (reprint author), Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM P.Ravindran@fysik.uu.se RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; Delin, Anna/P-2100-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Delin, Anna/0000-0001-7788-6127 NR 57 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1776 EP 1785 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1776 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000046 ER PT J AU Rhee, JY Harmon, BN Lynch, DW AF Rhee, JY Harmon, BN Lynch, DW TI Optical properties and electronic structures of B2 and B19 ' phases of equiatomic Ni-Ti alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MARTENSITE; TRANSFORMATION AB The dielectric functions of equiatomic Ni-Ti alloys were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the energy range of 1.5-5.4 eV at similar to 423 and at similar to 25 K. The peak at similar to 2.26 eV in the B19' (monoclinic structure) optical conductivity spectrum has a slightly larger magnitude than in the B2 (cubic CsCl structure) phase, while the shoulder at similar to 3.5 eV becomes weaker and almost indiscernible upon martensitic transformation. A new structure develops at similar to 2.85 eV in the B19' phase; however, it is also very weak. The band structures and the optical conductivity were calculated in both phases using the linearized-augmented-planewave method within the local-density approximation, k points near the Gamma-X-M plane in the B2 phase and the corresponding k-points in B19' phase contribute significantly to all three structures. The difference between the two spectra is due to the transitions between the folded-back bands from the B2 phase because of the larger unit cell of the B19' phase and the change in the electronic energy spectrum near the Fermi level. The overall optical properties of Ni-Ti alloys in the measured energy range are rather insensitive to the martensitic transformation because the states far from the Fermi level are mainly involved in the interband transitions. [S0163-1829(99)06403-6]. C1 Hoseo Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Choongnam 336795, South Korea. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Rhee, JY (reprint author), Hoseo Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Choongnam 336795, South Korea. RI Rhee, Joo/D-2987-2011 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1878 EP 1884 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1878 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000061 ER PT J AU Kuklja, MM Stefanovich, EV Kotomin, EA Popov, AI Gonzalez, R Chen, Y AF Kuklja, MM Stefanovich, EV Kotomin, EA Popov, AI Gonzalez, R Chen, Y TI Ab initio and semiempirical calculations of H- centers in MgO crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; OXYGEN VACANCIES; OXIDE CRYSTALS; ALKALI-HALIDES; DIFFUSION; HYDROGEN; DEFECTS; DEUTERONS AB The atomic and electronic structure of H- ions substituting for O2- ions in regular sites in MgO crystals are calculated using an ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) cluster approach and its semiempirical version, intermediate neglect of the differential overlap. The theoretical optical absorption energy is predicted to be 10 eV, which is supported by analysis of experimental data for the H- centers in a series of ionic crystals. The HF simulations of H- ion diffusion via direct interstitial hops along the [100] axis predict an activation energy of about 3 eV. [S0163-1829(99)05303-5]. C1 Latvian State Univ, Inst Chem Phys, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Latvian State Univ, Inst Solid State Phys, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia. Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Fis, Madrid 28911, Spain. US DOE, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20574 USA. RP Kuklja, MM (reprint author), Latvian State Univ, Inst Chem Phys, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia. RI Dep Theor Physics, Computer Modeling/E-6336-2013; Kotomin, Eugene/B-8070-2013; Popov, Anatoli /E-8828-2010 OI Kotomin, Eugene/0000-0002-8122-6276; Popov, Anatoli /0000-0003-2795-9361 NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1885 EP 1890 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1885 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000062 ER PT J AU Pietrass, T Tomaselli, M AF Pietrass, T Tomaselli, M TI Optically pumped NMR in CdS single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SHIFT AB Optically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in CdS (resistivity 1.8x10(10) Omega cm, dark) is observed by radio-frequency detection of the Cd-113 nuclear magnetic resonance signal. At 2 K, the nuclear-spin transitions are emissive when compared to the thermal polarization, and no dependence on the helicity of the pumping light is observed. [S0163-1829(99)14103-1]. C1 New Mexico Tech, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pietrass, T (reprint author), New Mexico Tech, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1986 EP 1989 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1986 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000073 ER PT J AU Floro, JA Chason, E Freund, LB Twesten, RD Hwang, RQ Lucadamo, GA AF Floro, JA Chason, E Freund, LB Twesten, RD Hwang, RQ Lucadamo, GA TI Evolution of coherent islands in Si1-xGex/Si(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MORPHOLOGICAL INSTABILITY; GE SEGREGATION; THIN-FILMS; STRESS; GROWTH; SI(001); STABILITY; HETEROEPITAXY; RELAXATION; SURFACE AB The evolution of strain driven coherent islands is examined using sensitive real time stress measurements during heteroepitaxial growth of Si1-xGex/Si(001), combined with ex situ microscopy. We show that the sequence of morphological transitions at low mismatch strain is qualitatively identical to that for pure Ge heteroepitaxy on Si(001). In particular, films with strains less than 1% undergo Stranski-Krastanov-like island-on-layer growth, followed by an extended regime of [501]-faceted hut clusters that eventually transform into higher aspect ratio dome clusters. The hut and dome islands are fully coherently strained and do not exhibit lateral composition modulation. Quantitatively, the relevant island length scales are significantly increased at low strain. Scaling of the morphological transitions with strain is directly demonstrated using the real time stress data. We further show that the apparent formation of a ripplelike surface morphology at low strain is actually a consequence of kinetic limitations on adatom diffusion, and does not necessarily signify the presence of a surface instability. [S0163-1829(99)01704-X]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Floro, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 39 TC 145 Z9 145 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 1990 EP 1998 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1990 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000074 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A AF Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A TI Scaling of exciton binding energy and virial theorem in semiconductor quantum wells and wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WANNIER EXCITONS; SHAPE AB Recent numerical calculations [F. Rossi, G. Goldoni, and E. Molinari, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3527 (1997)] have revealed a shape-independent hyperbolic scaling rule for the exciton binding energy versus the exciton Bohr radius in semiconductor quantum wires, and an enhancement in the exciton binding energy in a quantum wire with respect to a quantum well for a given exciton Bohr radius. These findings were attributed to the existence of a constant (shape- and/or size-independent) virial theorem value (potential- to kinetic-energy ratio), respectively, for the wires and wells, and its value was found to be larger (=4) for wires than (=2) for wells. In order to elucidate the physics underlying the above results, we reexamine this subject by calculating the exciton binding energy and the corresponding virial theorem value in quantum wells and wires with infinite confinement barriers. We find the following. (i) The virial theorem value is nonconstant but approaches 2 from above when reducing the finite extension of the electron and hole wave functions in the confined directions. This is because the origin of the virial theorem value of 2 lies in the inverse square Coulomb force being the only interaction seen by the electron and hole. (ii) The scaling rule is nonhyperbolic, because the virial theorem value is not a constant. (iii) The virial theorem value and the exciton binding energy are larger in a wire than in a well for a given exciton Bohr radius, because the wire exciton has a smaller kinetic energy in the nonconfined direction. (iv) The origin of the shape-independent scaling rule for wires lies in the close similarity of the effective Coulomb potentials for wires with different shapes and widths. The virial theorem value being or not being a constant is irrelevant to the scaling rule. (v) There exists a more fundamental and practically more useful shape-independent scaling rule. [S0163-1829(99)11803-4]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 2040 EP 2044 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.2040 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000080 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ AF Feibelman, PJ TI Interpretation of O binding-site preferences on close-packed group-VIII metal surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED RECONSTRUCTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CHEMISORPTION; STABILITY; ADATOMS; PT(111); FCC AB Screening of O atoms adsorbed on transition metals is accomplished in part by d-electron redistribution in near-surface, inter-metal-layer bonds. First-principles calculations imply that this is the source of O's preferences for fee adsorption sites on Pt(lll) and hcp hollows on Ru(0001). In both instances, O prefers the site for which screening weakens interlayer bonds the least. Which site this is depends on whether the d states repopulated by screening are nonbonding or antibonding. [S0163-1829(98)07048-9]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Feibelman, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 2327 EP 2331 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.2327 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000115 ER PT J AU Gallagher, MC Fyfield, MS Joyce, SA AF Gallagher, MC Fyfield, MS Joyce, SA TI Structural transformations in the Stranski-Krastanov growth of Mg on Mo(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MO(100); CO AB The epitaxy of Mg, a hexagonal-closed-packed (hcp) metal in the bulk, onto a room-temperature body-centered-cubic Mo(001) substrate is investigated. A Stranski-Krastanov, layer by layer followed by islands, growth mode is observed including the initial stabilization of a metastable face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase of Mg. Layer by layer growth persists for four layers. During growth of the first and second layer the highly corrugated surface potential and lattice mismatch both act to limit island size, and growth proceeds via nucleation and growth of small two-dimensional islands. Third- and fourth-layer growth proceeds by step flow. The increase in the diffusion constant necessary for step flow may be aided by the presence of a stress relieved c(2 x 2) surface reconstruction in this regime. The reconstruction may result from a buckling of the Mg lattice to conform to the smaller Mo(001) spacing. Measurement of atomic step heights confirms the growth of fee Mg(001). Beyond four layers a transition to three-dimensional (3D) island growth occurs. Associated with this transition is a change in crystal structure. The 3D islands exhibit hexagonal symmetry with two domains rotated by 30 degrees with respect to one another. Measurement of emergent screw dislocations at the surface of the islands confirms the growth of hcp Mg(0001). Evidence of edge dislocations aligned with steps in the underlying Mo substrate are also observed. [S0163-1829(98)03147-6]. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Lakehead Univ, Dept Phys, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. Portland State Univ, ESR Phys, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Joyce, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sa.joyce@pnl.gov RI Joyce, Stephen/Q-7804-2016 OI Joyce, Stephen/0000-0003-1330-7362 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 3 BP 2346 EP 2351 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.2346 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 161LT UT WOS:000078291000118 ER PT J AU Brooks, JS O'Brien, JL Starrett, RP Clark, RG McKenzie, RH Han, SY Qualls, JS Takasaki, S Yamada, J Anzai, H Mielke, CH Montgomery, LK AF Brooks, JS O'Brien, JL Starrett, RP Clark, RG McKenzie, RH Han, SY Qualls, JS Takasaki, S Yamada, J Anzai, H Mielke, CH Montgomery, LK TI Quantum oscillations in quasi-one-dimensional metals with spin-density-wave ground states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PULSED MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RAPID OSCILLATION; FERMI-SURFACE; CONDUCTOR; (TMTSF)(2)PF6; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; PHASE AB We consider the magnetoresistance oscillation phenomena in the Bechgaard salts (TMTSF)(2)X, where X = ClO4, PF6, and AsF6 in pulsed magnetic fields to 51 T. Of particular importance is the observation of a new magnetoresistance oscillation for X = ClO4 in its quenched state. In the absence of any Fermi-surface reconstruction due to anion order at low temperatures, all three materials exhibit nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the oscillation amplitude in the spin-density-wave (SDW) state. We discuss a model where, below a characteristic temperature T* within the SDW state, a magnetic breakdown gap opens. [S0163-1829(99)00904-2]. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Natl Pulsed Magnet Lab, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Himeji Inst Technol, Akahogun, Hyogo 67812, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Brooks, JS (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RI O'Brien, Jeremy/A-6290-2008; McKenzie, Ross/D-8900-2013; Mielke, Charles/S-6827-2016; OI Mielke, Charles/0000-0002-2096-5411; O'Brien, Jeremy/0000-0002-3576-8285 NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 4 BP 2604 EP 2608 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.2604 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 164KL UT WOS:000078463100026 ER PT J AU Kondo, S Johnston, DC Miller, LL AF Kondo, S Johnston, DC Miller, LL TI Synthesis, characterization, and magnetic susceptibility of the heavy-fermion transition-metal oxide LiV2O4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP APPROACH; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; STATIC PROPERTIES; LIQUID BEHAVIOR; ANDERSON MODEL; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LITI2O4 AB The preparative method, characterization, and magnetic susceptibility chi measurements versus temperature T of the heavy-fermion transition-metal oxide LiV2O4 are reported in detail. The intrinsic chi(T) shows a nearly T-independent behavior below similar to 30 K with a shallow broad maximum at approximate to 16 K, whereas Curie-Weiss-like behavior is observed above similar to 50-100 K. Field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization M-obs measurements in applied magnetic fields H = 10-100 G from 1.8 to 50 K showed no evidence for spin-glass ordering. Crystalline electric field theory for an assumed cubic V point group symmetry is found insufficient to describe the observed temperature variation of the effective magnetic moment. The Kondo and Coqblin-Schrieffer models do not describe the magnitude and T dependence of chi with realistic parameters. In the high-T range, fits of chi(T) by the predictions of high-temperature series expansion calculations provide estimates of the V-V antiferromagnetic exchange coupling constant J/k(B)similar to 20 K, g factor g similar to 2,and the T-independent susceptibility. Other possible models to describe the chi(T) are discussed. The paramagnetic impurities in the samples were characterized using isothermal M-obs(H) measurements with 0 1 in which the domain wall problem is solved by introducing a small U-pQ(1) breaking interaction. We find that in this case the walls decay into gravitational waves. [S0556-2821(98)06324-3]. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chang, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 56 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 AR 023505 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 158XN UT WOS:000078142900015 ER PT J AU Chung, DJH Kolb, EW Riotto, A AF Chung, DJH Kolb, EW Riotto, A TI Superheavy dark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; ADIABATIC REGULARIZATION; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; INFLATION; UNIVERSE; DECAY; BARYOGENESIS; GENERATION; BREAKING AB We show that in large-field inflationary scenarios, superheavy (many orders of magnitude larger than the weak scale) dark matter will be produced in cosmologically interesting quantities if superheavy stable particles exist in the mass spectrum. We show that these particles may be produced naturally during the transition from the inflationary phase to either a matter-dominated or radiation-dominated phase as a result of the expansion of the background spacetime acting on vacuum quantum fluctuations of the dark matter field. We find that as long as there are stable particles whose mass is of the order of the inflaton mass (presumably around 10(13) GeV), they will be produced in sufficient abundance to give Ohm(0) = 1, quite independently of any details of the nongravitational interactions of the dark-matter field. [S0556-2821(98)03124-5]. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Chung, DJH (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM djchung@yukawa.uchicago.edu; rocky@rigoletto.fnal.gov; riotto@nxth04.cem.ch NR 35 TC 196 Z9 197 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 AR 023501 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 158XN UT WOS:000078142900011 ER PT J AU Liddle, AR Scherrer, RJ AF Liddle, AR Scherrer, RJ TI Classification of scalar field potentials with cosmological scaling solutions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXPONENTIAL POTENTIALS; INFLATION; UNIVERSE AB An attractive method of obtaining an effective cosmological constant at the present epoch is through the potential energy of a scalar field. Considering models with a perfect fluid and a scalar field, we classify all potentials for which the scalar field energy density scales as a power law of the scale factor when the perfect fluid density dominates. There are three possibilities. The first two are well known: the much-investigated exponential potentials have the scalar field mimicking the evolution of the perfect fluid, while for negative power laws, introduced by Ratra and Peebles, the scalar field density grows relative to that of the fluid. The third possibility is a new one, where the potential is a positive power law and the scalar field energy density decays relative to the perfect fluid. We provide a complete analysis of exact solutions and their stability properties, and investigate a range of possible cosmological applications. [S0556-2821(99)07102-7]. C1 Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Liddle, AR (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BZ, England. NR 23 TC 408 Z9 410 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 AR 023509 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 158XN UT WOS:000078142900019 ER PT J AU Wong, CM McNeill, JD Gaffney, KJ Ge, NH Miller, AD Liu, SH Harris, CB AF Wong, CM McNeill, JD Gaffney, KJ Ge, NH Miller, AD Liu, SH Harris, CB TI Femtosecond studies of electron dynamics at dielectric-metal interfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID IMAGE-POTENTIAL STATES; QUANTUM-WELL STATES; MEAN-FREE-PATH; SOLID XENON; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; SURFACE-STATES; AG(111); XE; CU(111) AB Ultrafast relaxation dynamics of electrons at dielectric-metal interfaces reflect the nature of the electronic interaction with both the substrate and the adsorbed layer. The full understanding of macroscopic electrical transport properties across an interface requires the knowledge of the energies, spatial extent of the interfacial electronic states, and the electron scattering length. With the femtosecond two-photon photoemission technique, it is possible to directly observe the dynamics of interfacial electrons with specific energy and parallel momentum. Interband and intraband electron relaxation dynamics in excited surface and quantum well states are determined with momentum and time-resolved two-photon photoemission. The study of charge carrier scattering at interfaces and in ultrathin films of Xe on Ag(111) provides a wealth of information on the energy, parallel momentum, and layer thickness dependence of the electron scattering rate. Adsorption of Xe on metal surfaces modifies the interfacial potential and drastically changes the spatial extent of the interfacial electronic wavefunction. The spatial extent of the electronic wavefunction in the direction perpendicular to the interface determines the interband relaxation rate. Oscillation in the interband relaxation time as a function of layer thickness is attributed to a quantum size effect. The lifetime of the n = 1 surface state shows a strong parallel momentum dependence. This phenomenon is attributed to intraband momentum relaxation, The thickness dependence of intraband relaxation suggests a change in the scattering potential in the direction parallel to the interface for a monolayer and bilayer of Xe. The possibility of scattering due to thermal and structural disorder is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Harris, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI McNeill, Jason/E-5389-2011 NR 45 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 14 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 2 BP 282 EP 292 DI 10.1021/jp983913c PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PE UT WOS:000079042900002 ER PT J AU Skobelev, IY Dyakin, VM Faenov, AY Bartnik, A Fiedorowicz, H Jarocki, R Kostecki, J Szczurek, M Biemont, E Quinet, P Nilsen, J Behar, E Doron, R Mandelbaum, P Schwob, JL AF Skobelev, IY Dyakin, VM Faenov, AY Bartnik, A Fiedorowicz, H Jarocki, R Kostecki, J Szczurek, M Biemont, E Quinet, P Nilsen, J Behar, E Doron, R Mandelbaum, P Schwob, JL TI The x-ray emission spectra of multicharged xenon ions in a gas puff laser-produced plasma SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KRYPTON RESONANCE LINES; WAVELENGTHS; TARGET; IDENTIFICATION; SATELLITES; ARGON AB Emission spectra of multicharged xenon ions produced by a laser gas puff are observed with high spectral resolution in the 8.5-9.5 and 17-19 Angstrom wavelength ranges. Three different theoretical methods are employed to obtain 3l-n'l' (n' = 4 to 10) wavelengths and Einstein coefficients for Ni-like Xe26+. For the 3d-4p transitions, very good agreement is found between the experimental wavelengths and the various theoretical wavelengths. These accurate energy level measurements can be useful for studying the Ni-like xenon x-ray laser scheme. On the other hand, several intense spectral lines could not be identified as 3l-n'l' lines of Ni-like xenon, despite the very good agreement between the wavelengths and Einstein coefficients calculated for these transitions using the three different methods. C1 VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ion Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleevo 141570, Russia. Mil Univ Technol, Inst Optoelect, PL-01489 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Liege, Inst Phys Nucl Expt, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Skobelev, IY (reprint author), VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ion Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleevo 141570, Russia. RI Doron, Ramy/I-2064-2013 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 1999 VL 32 IS 1 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/32/1/011 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 164DD UT WOS:000078446400011 ER PT J AU Stoeffl, W AF Stoeffl, W TI Atomic physics - A new twist in beta-decay SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div N, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stoeffl, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div N, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 14 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6715 BP 105 EP + DI 10.1038/16347 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 157WQ UT WOS:000078085000021 ER PT J AU Parilla, PA Dillon, AC Jones, KM Riker, G Schulz, DL Ginley, DS Heben, MJ AF Parilla, PA Dillon, AC Jones, KM Riker, G Schulz, DL Ginley, DS Heben, MJ TI The first true inorganic fullerenes? SO NATURE LA English DT Letter ID NANOTUBES; C-60 C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Parilla, PA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 7 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 15 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 14 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6715 BP 114 EP 114 DI 10.1038/16368 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 157WQ UT WOS:000078085000027 ER PT J AU Weissman, L Mayer, RH Kumbartzki, G Benczer-Koller, N Broude, C Cizewski, JA Hass, M Holden, J Janssens, RVF Lauritsen, T Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO McNabb, DP Satteson, M AF Weissman, L Mayer, RH Kumbartzki, G Benczer-Koller, N Broude, C Cizewski, JA Hass, M Holden, J Janssens, RVF Lauritsen, T Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO McNabb, DP Satteson, M TI Single particle signatures in high-spin, quasicontinuum states in Hg-193,Hg-194 from g-factor measurements SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE g factors; high spin; normal deformation structures; Hg-193,Hg-194 ID TRANSIENT MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RAY COINCIDENCE DATA; BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION; SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; MOMENTS; MECHANISM; ENERGIES; HG-193 AB The average g factors of high spin, high-excitation energy, quasicontinuum structures in Hg-194,Hg-193 were measured by observing the precessions of the angular distributions of gamma-ray transitions in several normal-deformation bands that coalesce in the decay of the entry distribution of states. The average g factors of the states leading to the three main hands in the Hg-193,Hg-194 isotopes were: (g(Hg-193)) = +0.19(1) and (g(Hg-194)) = +0.26(1), respectively. These average g factors are smaller than the average of the g factors of the high energy states in the three superdeformed bands of Hg-194, (g(SD;Hg-194)) = +0.41(8). While the nucleus in the superdeformed well behaves like a rigid rotor, the present results demonstrate the important role played by multiple, quasiparticle neutron configurations in the structure of normal-deformation, highly-excited nuclear states. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weissman, L (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 14 PY 1999 VL 446 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01514-7 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 160VZ UT WOS:000078253400004 ER PT J AU Kiefer, AM Kast, SM Wasielewski, MR Laukenmann, K Kothe, G AF Kiefer, AM Kast, SM Wasielewski, MR Laukenmann, K Kothe, G TI Exploring the structure of a photosynthetic model by quantum-chemical calculations and time-resolved Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED RADICAL PAIRS; SPIN-RESONANCE; TRANSIENT EPR; REACTION CENTERS; PORPHYRIN; BEATS; RESOLUTION; COHERENCE; SYSTEMS; CHARGE AB The structure of the covalent photosynthetic model system N,N,N',N'-tetraalkyl-p-phenylenediamine-zinc porphyrin-naphthoquinone (TAPD-ZnP-NQ) has been explored by using a combination of theoretical and experimental techniques. Structural information is extracted from high-level quantum-chemical ab initio calculations, which is a nontrivial task for a large molecule like TAPD-ZnP-NQ. We tackle this problem by dividing the model system into smaller molecular fragments, whose geometries can be optimized separately. The fragments are subsequently fitted together, thus providing an approximate structure of the entire model system. To verify this structure, time-resolved Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments on the light-induced radical pair TAPD(+) NQ(-) have been carried out. The time evolution of the transverse magnetization of TAPD(+) NQ(-) is monitored at various static magnetic fields. Quantum beat oscillations are observed at early times after the laser pulse. These quantum beats are highly sensitive probes for the geometry of the underlying radical pair. From the good agreement between observed and simulated EPR time profiles we conclude that the ab initio calculations predict the correct geometry within the experimental precision. C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Chem Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Chem Phys, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Kiefer, AM (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Dept Chem Phys, Albertstr 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 13 PY 1999 VL 121 IS 1 BP 188 EP 198 DI 10.1021/ja981930+ PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 157UC UT WOS:000078079200023 ER PT J AU Marcotte, EM Eisenberg, D AF Marcotte, EM Eisenberg, D TI Chicken prion tandem repeats form a stable, protease-resistant domain SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SCRAPIE PRION; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; COPPER-BINDING; MPRP(23-231); PROTEINS; FIBRILS; BIOLOGY; REGION; WATER; BRAIN AB Prion-linked diseases, such as mad cow disease, scrapie, and the human genetic disorder Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, are fatal neurodegenerative diseases correlated with changes in the secondary structure of neural prion protein. We expressed recombinant chicken prion protein in Escherichia coli and purified the protein to homogeneity. Circular dichroism spectra of the 26 kDa recombinant protein closely resemble those of prion protein purified directly from healthy hamster brain. The chicken prion protein exists as a soluble, monodisperse monomer bur can be forced to multimerize following lyophilization and resuspension, We analyzed the chicken prion protein domain structure by proteolysis and show that, unlike the mammalian homologues, the chicken prion protein N-tenminal tandem amino acid repeats form a stable, protease-resistant domain. This domain probably represents a physiologically functional unit. As tested by both mass spectrometry and circular dichroism, the mature chicken prion protein does not bind copper, unlike synthetic peptides from the chicken prion N-terminus, suggesting that binding copper is not the physiological activity of the chicken prion. However, copper strongly destabilizes the prion protein and depresses the melting temperature by 30 degrees C, presumably by binding to the unfolded form of the prion protein. The chicken prion N-terminus may have evolved to fold without a cofactor, unlike mammalian prion proteins, whose N-termini are disordered without cofactors such as copper present. Chicken prion offers an alternative to intractable mammalian prions for structural studies of the amino-terminal domain. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 35 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 12 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 667 EP 676 DI 10.1021/bi981487f PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 170YY UT WOS:000078836000019 PM 9888807 ER PT J AU Schneider, JM Anders, A Hjorvarsson, B Petrov, I Macak, K Helmersson, U Sundgren, JE AF Schneider, JM Anders, A Hjorvarsson, B Petrov, I Macak, K Helmersson, U Sundgren, JE TI Hydrogen uptake in alumina thin films synthesized from an aluminum plasma stream in an oxygen ambient SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ARC AB We describe the hydrogen uptake during the synthesis of alumina films from H2O present in the high vacuum gas background. The hydrogen concentration in the films was determined by the H-1(N-15, alpha gamma)C-12 nuclear resonance reaction. Furthermore, we show the presence of hydrogen ions in the plasma stream by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The hydrogen content increased in both the film and the plasma stream, as the oxygen partial pressure was increased. On the basis of these measurements and thermodynamic considerations, we suggest that an aluminum oxide hydroxide compound is formed, both on the cathode surface as well as in the film. The large scatter in the data reported in the literature for refractive index and chemical stability of alumina thin films can be explained on the basis of the suggested aluminum oxide hydroxide formation. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)02302-5]. C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, Thin Film Phys Div, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, Thin Film Phys Div, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Schneider, JM (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, Thin Film Phys Div, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RI Schneider, Jochen/A-4701-2012; Hjorvarsson, Bjorgvin/B-3022-2011; Petrov, Ivan/D-4910-2011; Helmersson, Ulf/B-6060-2008; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; OI Petrov, Ivan/0000-0002-2955-4897; Helmersson, Ulf/0000-0002-1744-7322; Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; Hjorvarsson, Bjorgvin/0000-0003-1803-9467 NR 15 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 2 BP 200 EP 202 DI 10.1063/1.123292 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 155JC UT WOS:000077942400014 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Cheong, HM Zhang, JG Mascarenhas, A Benson, DK Deb, SK AF Lee, SH Cheong, HM Zhang, JG Mascarenhas, A Benson, DK Deb, SK TI Electrochromic mechanism in a-WO3-y thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The electrochromic mechanism in amorphous tungsten oxide films is studied using Raman scattering measurements. The Raman spectra of as-deposited films show two strong peaks at 770 and 950 cm(-1) due to vibrations of the W6+-O and W6+=O bonds, respectively, and a weaker peak at 220 cm(-1) that we attribute to the W4+-O bonds. When lithium or hydrogen ions and electrons are inserted, extra Raman peaks due to W5+-O and W5+=O bonds appear at 330 and 450 cm(-1), respectively. Comparison of the Raman spectra of sputtered isotopic a-(WO3-y)-O-16 and a-(WO3-y)-O-18 films confirms these assignments. We conclude that the as-deposited films contain mainly the W4+ and W6+ states, and the W5+ states are generated as a result of reduction of the W6+ states when lithium or hydrogen ions and electrons are inserted. We propose that the optical absorption in the colored films is caused by transitions between the W6+ and W5+, and W5+ and W4+ states. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)02802-8]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044 NR 14 TC 144 Z9 147 U1 7 U2 53 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 2 BP 242 EP 244 DI 10.1063/1.123268 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 155JC UT WOS:000077942400028 ER PT J AU Moon, JS Simmons, JA Blount, MA Reno, JL Hafich, MJ AF Moon, JS Simmons, JA Blount, MA Reno, JL Hafich, MJ TI Unipolar complementary circuits using double electron layer tunneling transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE TRANSCONDUCTANCE DEVICE; QUANTUM WIRE; SUBBANDS; SYSTEMS AB We demonstrate unipolar complementary circuits consisting of a pair of resonant tunneling transistors based on the gate control of two-dimensional-two-dimensional interlayer tunneling, where a single transistor-in addition to exhibiting a well-defined negative-differential resistance- can be operated with either positive or negative transconductance. Details of the device operation are analyzed in terms of the quantum capacitance effect and bandbending in a double quantum well structure, and show good agreement with experiment. Application of resonant tunneling complementary logic is discussed by demonstrating complementary static random access memory using two devices connected in series. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04902-5]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Moon, JS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 2 BP 314 EP 316 DI 10.1063/1.123009 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 155JC UT WOS:000077942400052 ER PT J AU Pu, NW Bokor, J Jeong, S Zhao, RA AF Pu, NW Bokor, J Jeong, S Zhao, RA TI Picosecond ultrasonic study of Mo/Si multilayer structures using an alternating-pump technique SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have used picosecond ultrasonics techniques to study the localized acoustic-phonon surface modes in Mo/Si multilayer reflectors for extreme ultraviolet lithography. Localized surface modes in the first (zone-boundary) and second (zone-center) gaps were simultaneously detected. Oscillation frequency as high as 0.873 THz was observed. An alternating-pump technique has been successfully demonstrated to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio by 10 dB. This technique can be used to improve the sensitivity for probing the surface modes in other multilayer thin-film structures. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03302-1]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pu, NW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 7 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 2 BP 320 EP 322 DI 10.1063/1.123010 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 155JC UT WOS:000077942400054 ER PT J AU Pickering, IJ Prince, RC George, GN Rauser, WE Wickramasinghe, WA Watson, AA Dameron, CT Dance, IG Fairlie, DP Salt, DE AF Pickering, IJ Prince, RC George, GN Rauser, WE Wickramasinghe, WA Watson, AA Dameron, CT Dance, IG Fairlie, DP Salt, DE TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of cadmium phytochelatin and model systems SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cadmium; phytochelatin; Cd EXAFS; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Cd L-edge; SK-edge ID METAL-BINDING PEPTIDES; K-EDGE; FINE-STRUCTURE; SULFIDE CRYSTALLITES; THIOLATE CLUSTERS; INDIAN MUSTARD; EXAFS; METALLOTHIONEINS; COMPLEXES; SPECTRA AB Higher plants, algae and some yeasts respond to potentially toxic heavy metals such as cadmium by synthesizing phytochelatins and related cysteine-rich polypeptides. We have used X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study the nature of cadmium binding in such peptides isolated from maize (Zea mays) exposed to low levels of cadmium, and in two synthetic cadmium-peptide complexes, Cd-(gamma-Glu-Cys)(3)Gly and Cd-(a-Glu-Cys)3Gly. We have used the synthetic ions [Cd(SPh)(4)](2-), [Cd-4(SPh)(10)](2-) and [S4Cd10(SPh)(16)](4-) as crystallographically defined models for the cadmium site. The Cd K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data, together with the Cd K, L-I, L-II and L-III near-edge spectra, reveal a predominantly tetrahedral coordination of cadmium by sulfur in both the phytochelatin and synthetic peptide complexes. In particular, the Cd Lm-edge lacks a peak at 3534.9 eV which was found to be prominent for oxygen- or nitrogen-coordinated species. The Cd-S distance in the phytochelatin complex is 2.54 Angstrom. The Cd K-edge EXAFS does not show any isolated, well-defined Cd-Cd interactions; however, contrary to the conclusion of previous work, their absence is not necessarily indicative of isolated cadmium-thiolate ligation. Evidence from other studies suggests that high static disorder, combined with a large vibrational component, serve to effectively wash out this contribution to the EXAFS. The sulfur K-edge, moreover, shows a low-energy feature both in the phytochelatin and in the synthetic cadmium-peptide complexes which is consistent with sulfide bound in a cluster with cadmium as found for [S4Cd10(SPh)(16)](4-) This feature strongly suggests the presence of a polynuclear cadmium cluster in maize phytochelatin. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Exxon Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. Univ Guelph, Dept Bot, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. Univ Queensland, Ctr Drug Design & Dev, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Pickering, IJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, POB 4349,MS 69, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM pickering@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu RI Salt, David/B-3864-2009; Wickramasinghe, Wasantha/C-8057-2009; George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Fairlie, David/F-8865-2014; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; OI Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994; Fairlie, David/0000-0002-7856-8566 NR 70 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4838 J9 BBA-PROTEIN STRUCT M JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Protein Struct. Molec. Enzym. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 1429 IS 2 BP 351 EP 364 DI 10.1016/S0167-4838(98)00242-8 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 158JR UT WOS:000078112700007 PM 9989220 ER PT J AU Runge, K Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Barnes, MD AF Runge, K Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Barnes, MD TI Chemical potential and symmetry properties for excess electrons on polymer nanoparticles: quantum drops SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOT; PARTICLES; SPHERE; SYSTEM; STATES AB Quantum drops, polymer nanoparticles with excess electrons, can be produced in a monodispersed aerosol from solution. The electronic properties of excess charges on the polymer nanoparticles are predicted to be analogous to those of semiconductor quantum dots and hence these structures are referred to as quantum drops. Quantum drops have controllable physical properties including radius, composition, chemical potential and magnetic properties and can be obtained in the gas phase. We consider the chemical potential and symmetry point groups of electrons confined on the surface of these spherical polymer nanoparticles, using a model Hamiltonian and semiclassical quantization. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Runge, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 299 IS 3-4 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)01271-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 157UT UT WOS:000078080600016 ER PT J AU Huhmann-Vincent, J Scott, BL Kubas, GJ AF Huhmann-Vincent, J Scott, BL Kubas, GJ TI Rhenium complexes with weakly coordinating solvent ligands, cis-[Re(PR3)(CO)(4)-(L)][BArF], L = CH2Cl2, Et2O, NC5F5: Decomposition to chloride-bridged dimers in CH2Cl2 solution SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORGANOMETALLIC LEWIS-ACIDS; HALIDE-COMPLEXES; BOND ACTIVATION; METAL-COMPLEXES; DICHLOROMETHANE; REACTIVITY; GENERATION; ALKYL; <(ETA-5-C5H5)RE(NO)(PPH3)>+; REAGENT AB The solvent-coordinated complexes [cis-Re(CO)(4)(PR3)(S)][BArF] (R = Ph, Pr-i, Cy BArF = [B(3,5-(CF3)(2)C6H3)(4)](-)) for S = Et2O. CH(2)Chl(2) and NC5F5 have been prepared from reaction of the neutral methyl precursors, cis-Re-(CO)(4)(PR3)(Me), with either [H(OEt2)(2)][BArF] or [Ph3C][BArF] in the appropriate solvent. A crystal structure of the complex [cis-Re(CO)(4)((PPr3)-Pr-i)(ClCH2Cl)][BArF] shows that the dichloromethane ligand is coordinated through one chlorine, with an Re-Cl distance of 2.554(2) Angstrom. The first example of a structurally characterized pentafluoropyridine complex of rhenium was also determined, [cis-Re(CO)(4)((PPr3)-Pr-i)(NC5F5)][BArF], with an Re-N distance of 2.319(5) Angstrom. Activation of C-CI bonds in the dichloromethane complexes result in the formation of the chloride-bridged dimers, {[Cis-Re(CO)(4)(PR3)](2)(mu-Cl)}{BArF}, and the X-ray structures of the Ph and Cy derivatives were determined. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kubas, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 40 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 1 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.1021/ic980912q PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 157MU UT WOS:000078066900017 ER PT J AU Gibson, JK AF Gibson, JK TI Actinide gas-phase chemistry: Reactions of An(+) and AnO(+) [An = Th, U, Np, Pu, Am] with nitriles and butylamine SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL IONS; H BOND ACTIVATION; C-C BONDS; LANTHANIDE CATIONS; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; HYDROCARBON ACTIVATION; CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS; OXIDATIVE ADDITION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXO-LIGAND AB Laser ablation with prompt reaction and detection was applied to study gas-phase reactions of actinide ions, An(+) and AnO(+) [An = Th, U, Pu, Np, Am], with nitriles and butylamine; Tb and Tm were included for comparison. Particular emphasis was on Np and Am as this is the region of the An series where a transition to Ln-like character is manifested. A goal was to assess the role of the coordinating N: site on actinide ion-molecule interactions. The results for the nitriles were generally reminiscent of those for reactions with alkenes and the inert character of Pu+ and Am+ with regard to dehydrogenation, despite adduct formation, indicated that C-H activation requires two non-5f electrons to produce a C-Anf-H complex. With the butyronitriles and valeronitrile, Am+ produced AmC2H4+, possibly via an "ion/dipole" interaction. Most MO+ exhibited only adduct formation with the nitriles although ThO+ was distinctively reactive, consistent with a description of Th as a quasi-d-block element. Both Np+ and Tb+ were substantially effective at dehydrogenating butylamine and Am+ exhibited a lesser degree of reactivity. Reactions of the MO+, TbO+, NpO+, and AmO+ with butylamine revealed a dramatic effect of oxoligation: AmO+ was at least as reactive as TbO+ and NpO+. It is postulated that the MO+ reactions proceeded via a multicentered intermediate without insertion into a C-H bond. Bis-complexes were produced with nitriles and butylamine, attesting to strong complexation with the :N functionality. An ancillary discovery was Am-2(+)-An dimers/clusters should elucidate the nature of actinide intermetallic bonding, including the role of 5f electrons. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gibsonjk@ornl.gov NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 1 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1021/ic980908e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 157MU UT WOS:000078066900023 ER PT J AU Hellman, R Vanhove, M Lejeune, A Stevens, FJ Hendershot, LM AF Hellman, R Vanhove, M Lejeune, A Stevens, FJ Hendershot, LM TI The in vivo association of BiP with newly synthesized proteins is dependent on the rate and stability of folding and not simply on the presence of sequences that can bind to BiP SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BiP; endoplasmic reticulum; chaperone; protein folding ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN; INTRACHAIN DISULFIDE BOND; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; HEAVY-CHAIN; CONSTANT FRAGMENT; QUALITY-CONTROL; ATPASE ACTIVITY; SECRETION; TRANSLOCATION AB Immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BiP) is a member of the hsp70 family of chaperones and one of the most abundant proteins in the ER lumen. It is known to interact transiently with many nascent proteins as they enter the ER and more stably with protein subunits produced in stoichiometric excess or with mutant proteins. However, there also exists a large number of secretory pathway proteins that do not apparently interact with BiP. To begin to understand what controls the likelihood that a nascent protein entering the ER will associate with BiP, we have examined the in vivo folding of a murine XI immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain (LC). This LC is composed of two Ig domains that can fold independent of the other and that each possess multiple potential BiP-binding sequences. To detect BiP binding to the LC during folding, we used BiP ATPase mutants, which bind irreversibly to proteins, as "kinetic traps." Although both the wild-type and mutant BiP dearly associated with the unoxidized variable region domain, we were unable to detect binding of either BiP protein to the constant region domain. A combination of in vivo and in vitro folding studies revealed that the constant domain folds rapidly and stably even in the absence of an intradomain disulfide bond. Thus, the simple presence of a BiP-binding site on a nascent chain does not ensure that BiP will bind and play a role in its folding. Instead, it appears that the rate and stability of protein folding determines whether or not a particular site is recognized, with BiP preferentially binding to proteins that fold slowly or somewhat unstably. C1 St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Tumor Cell Biol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. Univ Liege, Inst Chim B6, Enzymol Lab, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Univ Liege, Inst Chim B6, Ctr Ingn Prot, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Hendershot, LM (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Tumor Cell Biol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA21765, P30 CA021765]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-4068, R01 GM054068] NR 43 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 144 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1083/jcb.144.1.21 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 157WN UT WOS:000078084800004 PM 9885241 ER PT J AU Feierbach, B Nogales, E Downing, KH Stearns, T AF Feierbach, B Nogales, E Downing, KH Stearns, T TI Alf1p, a CLIP-170 domain-containing protein, is functionally and physically associated with alpha-tubulin SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tubulin; microtubule; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; chaperonin; CLIP-170 ID ACTIN IN-VIVO; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MICROTUBULE FUNCTION; BETA-TUBULIN; CYTOPLASMIC CHAPERONIN; GAMMA-TUBULIN; YEAST; GENES; SUBUNITS; SPINDLE AB Tubulin is a heterodimer of alpha- and beta-tubulin polypeptides. Assembly of the tubulin heterodimer in vitro requires the CCT chaperonin complex, and a set of five proteins referred to as the tubulin cofactors (Tian, F., Y. Huang, H. Rommelaere, J. Vandekerck-hove, C. Ampe, and N.J. Cowan. 1996. Cell. 86:287-296; Tian, G., S.A. Lewis, B. Feierbach, T. Steams, H. Rommelaere, C. Ampe, and N.J. Cowan. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 138:821-832). We report the characterization of Alf1p, the yeast ortholog of mammalian cofactor B. Alf1p interacts with alpha-tubulin in both two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation assays. Alf1p and cofactor B contain a single CLIP-170 domain, which is found in several microtubule-associated proteins. Mutation of the CLIP-170 domain in Alf1p disrupts the interaction with alpha-tubulin. Mutations in alpha-tubulin that disrupt the interaction with Alf1p map to a domain on the cytoplasmic face of alpha-tubulin; this domain is distinct from the region of interaction between alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin. Alf1p-green fluorescent protein (GFP) is able to associate with microtubules in vivo, and this localization is abolished either by mutation of the CLIP-170 domain in Alf1p, or by mutation of the Alf1p-binding domain in alpha-tubulin. Analysis of double mutants constructed between null alleles of ALF1 and PA C2, which encodes the other yeast ol-tubulin cofactor, suggests that Alf1p and Pac2p act in the same pathway leading to functional alpha-tubulin. The phenotype of overexpression of ALF1 suggests that Alf1p can act to sequester alpha-tubulin from interaction with beta-tubulin, raising the possibility that it plays a regulatory role in the formation of the tubulin heterodimer. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stearns, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007276, T32 GM07276-22] NR 47 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 144 IS 1 BP 113 EP 124 DI 10.1083/jcb.144.1.113 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 157WN UT WOS:000078084800011 PM 9885248 ER PT J AU de Jong, WA Visscher, L Nieuwpoort, WC AF de Jong, WA Visscher, L Nieuwpoort, WC TI On the bonding and the electric field gradient of the uranyl ion SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE uranyl; relativity; electric field gradient; bonding; correlation ID EXTENDED HUCKEL CALCULATIONS; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY; URANIUM-COMPOUNDS; UO22+; PARAMETERS; MOLECULES; CS2UO2CL4; PROGRAM; THORIUM; UO2(2+) AB Molecular properties of the uranyl ion ([UO2](2+)) are studied using both a non-relativistic and a relativistic method. Inclusion of relativity leads to a bond length expansion and makes the electric field gradient (EFG) at the uranium nucleus strongly dependent on the U-O bond distance, The non-relativistic EFG value is found to be much larger than the relativistic value. An analysis of the non-relativistic and relativistic wave functions is given and shows the presence of a so-called 'U(6p) core-hole'. A different ordering of the valence spinors is found compared to previous work. It is confirmed that the HOMO has sigma(u) character and has a large U(5f) contribution. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Odense Univ, Dept Chem, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. Univ Groningen, Phys Chem Lab, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. RP de Jong, WA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mail Stop K1-83,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008; Visscher, Lucas/A-3523-2010 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315; Visscher, Lucas/0000-0002-7748-6243 NR 45 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 458 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 41 EP 52 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 155RV UT WOS:000077960900006 ER PT J AU Pavao, AC Guimaraes, TCF Lie, SK Taft, CA Lester, WA AF Pavao, AC Guimaraes, TCF Lie, SK Taft, CA Lester, WA TI Modeling the adsorption and dissociation of CO on transition metal surfaces SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Review DE review; CO adsorption/dissociation; transition metals; tilted state; charge transfer ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY-TRANSFER; SULFUR MODIFIED FE(100); SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; X-RAY; MOLECULAR CHEMISORPTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; THERMAL-DESORPTION AB The interaction between transition metal surfaces and simple diatomic molecules such as CO may lead to breaking and making chemical bonds and trigger important surface catalyzed reactions. We discuss the most common surface interaction and orientation models taking into consideration the behavior of each transition metal, the influence of structure, bonding, and coordination of the molecules. We emphasize the importance of the precursor tilled state in the dissociation of diatomic molecules on transition metal surfaces, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Quim Fundamental, BR-50960540 Recife, PE, Brazil. Univ Fed Fluminense, Dept Fis, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Quim Fundamental, BR-50960540 Recife, PE, Brazil. RI Pavao, Antonio/I-8002-2014 NR 179 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 458 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 99 EP 121 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 155RV UT WOS:000077960900012 ER PT J AU Toulemonde, O Millange, F Studer, F Raveau, B Park, JH Chen, CT AF Toulemonde, O Millange, F Studer, F Raveau, B Park, JH Chen, CT TI Changes in the Jahn-Teller distortion at the metal-insulator transition in CMB manganites (Pr,Nd)(0.7)(Sr,Ca)(0.3)MnO3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; MANGANESE PEROVSKITES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LA1-XSRXMNO3; FILMS; CA AB CMR manganites (Pr,Nd)(0.7)(Sr, Ca)(0.3)MnO3 were studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge above and below the transition temperature Tc. In compounds which keep the insulating behaviour in the whole temperature range, the prepeak at the O K-edge remains unique upon cooling even in the case of the presence of a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition. In compounds showing a spontaneous transition from a paramagnetic-insulating state to a ferromagnetic-metallic one, the prepeak at the O K-edge is split into two components. A crystal field analysis of this behaviour is proposed based on the assumption of a strong reduction, upon cooling, of the octahedral distortion due to the dynamic Jahn-Teller splitting present above T-C This reduction of the crystal field distortion at T-C is correlated to the transition to the metallic state and to the presence of the magneto-resistant effect. C1 Inst Sci Mat & Rayonnement, Lab CRISMAT, CNRS, UMR 6508, F-14050 Caen, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SRRC, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan. RP Toulemonde, O (reprint author), Inst Sci Mat & Rayonnement, Lab CRISMAT, CNRS, UMR 6508, Blvd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France. NR 32 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 1 BP 109 EP 120 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/11/1/009 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 164JG UT WOS:000078459900009 ER PT J AU Boily, CM Clarke, CJ Murray, SD AF Boily, CM Clarke, CJ Murray, SD TI Collapse and evolution of flattened star clusters SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE celestial mechanics, stellar dynamics; stars : formation; globular clusters : general ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; DISSIPATIONLESS COLLAPSE; INTRINSIC SHAPES; GALAXIES; SYSTEMS; RELAXATION; STABILITY AB We investigate the dynamical evolution of point-mass systems starting from spheroidal geometry. Such structures may arise as a result of violent compression which results from collisions between clouds of interstellar gas. We use N-body calculations to seek out traces of the initial conditions in their relaxed structures. For initially cold and thick, or thin but hot, systems, the phase of collapse is well described by adiabatic scaling: we show that the axis ratio of stellar clusters grows proportional to R-1/3 during infall, where R is the cluster cylindrical radius. The adiabatic track provides an adequate description of the collapse, provided only that the initial scaleheight of the spheroid, h, is well resolved by the stars: when the mean interparticle distance is larger than h, we find that two-body effects develop rapidly over a single crossing time. Following the phase of collapse, the clusters 'bounce' and quickly establish a core-halo structure. The central region relaxes to near-spherical shape in a few crossing times; however, the envelope remains more elliptical, since two-body effects are reduced there, This ellipticity changes only slightly from its value at the time of the bounce over several crossing times of evolution. As cluster morphology at the bounce is deduced from adiabatic invariance, itself fixed by the initial conditions, we relate relaxed configurations to initial conditions through a simple analytic expression. C1 IUCAA, Poona 411007, Maharashtra, India. Univ London Queen Mary & Westfield Coll, London E1 4NS, England. Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Boily, CM (reprint author), Astron Rechen Inst, Moenchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Murray, Stephen/I-8685-2016 OI Murray, Stephen/0000-0001-5597-090X NR 46 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 302 IS 2 BP 399 EP 412 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02153.x PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 164RL UT WOS:000078477300021 ER PT J AU Lawrence, DJ Barbier, LM Beatty, JJ Binns, WR Christian, ER Crary, DJ Ficenec, DJ Hink, PL Klarmann, J Krombel, KE Mitchell, JW Rauch, BF Sposato, SH Streitmatter, RE Waddington, CJ AF Lawrence, DJ Barbier, LM Beatty, JJ Binns, WR Christian, ER Crary, DJ Ficenec, DJ Hink, PL Klarmann, J Krombel, KE Mitchell, JW Rauch, BF Sposato, SH Streitmatter, RE Waddington, CJ TI Large-area scintillating-fiber time-of-flight/hodoscope detectors for particle astrophysics experiments SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE scintillating fibers; time-of-flight detectors; hodoscope; cosmic ray detectors ID GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS AB A new generation of detectors of ultra-heavy (UH) cosmic rays is being built which require the use of large-area, light-weight detector elements. In this paper, we present the design and operation of a new type of scintillating optical fiber detector, which can serve as both a time-of-Eight (TOF) detector and coded hodoscope (i.e. trajectory detector). We demonstrate that this type of detector can make TOF measurements with a time resolution of 48 ps. We also present results of position measurements from a large area TOF/hodoscope that was flown on a high-altitude balloon Eight in August, 1995. Finally, we discuss areas of modification and improvements that can be made to these detectors to enable them to be more useful for making UH cosmic ray measurements. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Lawrence, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Christian, Eric/D-4974-2012; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011 OI Christian, Eric/0000-0003-2134-3937; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952 NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 420 IS 3 BP 402 EP 415 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01164-4 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 155CX UT WOS:000077929400004 ER PT J AU Brown, D Plum, MA Browman, AA Macek, RJ AF Brown, D Plum, MA Browman, AA Macek, RJ TI Fail-safe ion chamber beam loss monitor system for personnel protection SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE radiation; detector; personnel protection; accelerator; particle beam AB A fail-safe beam loss monitor system has been designed for use in the Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center (LANSCE) Radiation Security System (RSS). The latest version (Model III) has been in use since 1991. This system has been carefully designed to protect personnel from large radiation doses caused by errant beam conditions during beam transport. Due to limited shielding between the beam transport lines and occupied areas, personnel can safely occupy these areas only if the beam losses in the transport lines are sufficiently low. Although the usual solution is to increase the bulk shielding between the beam lines and the occupied areas, the physical dimensions of the site do not permit additional shielding to be added. In this paper we will discuss the design and implementation of the fail-safe beam loss monitor system. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Plum, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, MS H838, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 420 IS 3 BP 494 EP 506 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)01171-1 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 155CX UT WOS:000077929400014 ER PT J AU Weissman, L Mayer, RH Benczer-Koller, N Broude, C Cizewski, JA Hass, M Holden, J Janssens, RVF Kumbartzki, G Lauritsen, T Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Matt, N McNabb, DP Satteson, M AF Weissman, L Mayer, RH Benczer-Koller, N Broude, C Cizewski, JA Hass, M Holden, J Janssens, RVF Kumbartzki, G Lauritsen, T Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Matt, N McNabb, DP Satteson, M TI Time-decay history of normal-deformation high-spin states in Hg-193,Hg-194 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID SUPERDEFORMED BAND; YRAST LINE; HG-192; LIFETIMES; MODEL AB The time evolution of the decay of high-spin, normal deformed structures in Hg-193,Hg-194 was Studied by measuring, in the Gammasphere array, the Doppler shift attenuation of selected transitions depopulating various bands. The data suggest that a fraction of states feeding selective yrast levels is non-collective in nature and show resemblance to A = 150 nuclei where shape polarizing effects have been linked to particles occupying high-j orbitals. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weissman, L (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 645 IS 2 BP 191 EP 202 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00604-6 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 157YA UT WOS:000078088200001 ER PT J AU Jing, KX Moretto, LG Veeck, AC Colonna, N Lhenry, I Tso, K Hanold, K Skulski, W Sui, Q Wozniak, GJ AF Jing, KX Moretto, LG Veeck, AC Colonna, N Lhenry, I Tso, K Hanold, K Skulski, W Sui, Q Wozniak, GJ TI Transition state rates and mass asymmetric fission barkers of compound nuclei Mo-90,Mo-94,Mo-98 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions C-12(Kr-78,Kr-82,Kr-86,X); E = 6-13 MeV/nucleon; measured sigma(Z) versus E; deduced mass asymmetric fission barriers for Mo-90,Mo-94,Mo-98; transition state fission rates ID COMPLEX-FRAGMENT EMISSION; NEUTRON EMISSION; TIME SCALES; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; PARTICLE-EMISSION; DIFFUSION PROCESS; BARRIERS; ENERGY; SYSTEMATICS; DETECTORS AB Excitation functions were measured for complex fragments with atomic number Z = 5-25 emitted from the compound nuclei Mo-90,Mo-94,Mo-98 produced in the reactions Kr-78,Kr-82,Kr-86 + C-12. Mass-asymmetric fission barriers were extracted by fitting the excitation functions with a transition state formalism. The extracted barriers are several MeV higher on average than the calculations of the Rotating Finite-Range Model and substantially lower than predicted by the Rotating Liquid Drop Model. The symmetric fission barriers measured support the hypothesis of a congruence term that doubles for the fission of strongly indented saddle-point shapes. The excitation functions were analyzed to search for atomic number Z- and energy E-dependent deviations from transition-state-method predictions. All of the measured excitation functions can be scaled onto a single universal straight line according to the transition-state predictions. No Z- and/or E-dependent effects that could be attributed to transient effects are visible. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jing, KX (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kjing@lbl.gov NR 69 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 645 IS 2 BP 203 EP 238 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00606-X PG 36 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 157YA UT WOS:000078088200002 ER PT J AU Campbell, BA Gaillard, MK Murayama, H Olive, KA AF Campbell, BA Gaillard, MK Murayama, H Olive, KA TI Regulating the baryon asymmetry in no-scale Affleck-Dine baryogenesis SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE cosmology; inflation; baryogenesis; supersymmetry; supergravity ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; YANG-MILLS THEORIES; LINEAR SIGMA-MODEL; GAUGINO CONDENSATION; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; LOCAL SUPERSYMMETRY; ENTROPY GENERATION; FLAT DIRECTIONS; ONE-LOOP; SUPERGRAVITY AB In supergravity models (such as standard superstring constructions) that possess a Heisenberg symmetry, supersymmetry breaking by the inflationary vacuum energy does not lift flat directions at tree-level, One-loop corrections give small squared masses that are negative (similar to-g(2)H(2)/(4 pi)(2)) for all flat directions that do not involve the stop, After inflation, these flat directions generate a large baryon asymmetry; typically n(B)/s similar to O(1), We consider mechanisms for suppressing this asymmetry to the observed level. These include dilution from inflaton or moduli decay, GUT non-flatness of the vev direction, and higher dimensional operators in both GUT models and the MSSM. We find that the observed BAU can easily be generated when one or more of these effects is present. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Campbell, BA (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; OI Olive, Keith/0000-0001-7201-5998 NR 58 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 538 IS 1-2 BP 351 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00574-4 PG 17 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 158DH UT WOS:000078100400017 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Cropp, R Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, K Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Volobouev, I Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Cropp, R Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, K Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, K McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakaya, T Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Volobouev, I Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the top quark mass with the collider detector at fermilab SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; LIKELIHOOD METHOD; MISSING MOMENTUM; RECONSTRUCTION; PHYSICS; EVENTS; DECAY AB We present a new measurement of the top quark mass in t (t) over bar events in which both W bosons from top quarks decay into leptons (ev, mu v). We use events collected by the CDF experiment from p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV at the Tevatron collider. We measure a toy quark mass of 167.4 +/- 10.3(stat) +/- 4.8(syst) GeV/c(2) from a sample of eight events. We combine this result with previous CDF measurements in other decay channels to obtain a final mass value of 176.0 +/-. 6.5 GeV/c(2). C1 KEK, Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Osaka 305, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11530, Taiwan. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tokyo, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Abe, F (reprint author), KEK, Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Osaka 305, Japan. RI Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Wang, Chi/G-9004-2011; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012 OI Bigongiari, Ciro/0000-0003-3293-8522; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Bertolucci, Sergio/0000-0003-1738-4736; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X NR 15 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.271 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200008 ER PT J AU Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Peri, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Bartelt, J Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Sahu, SK Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Hart, T AF Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Peri, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Bartelt, J Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Sahu, SK Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Hart, T TI First observation of the decay tau(-)-> K*(-)eta nu(tau) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; TAU-DECAYS; LIBRARY; MESON AB The decay tau(-) --> K*(-) eta nu(tau) has been observed with the CLEO II detector. The K*(-) is reconstructed in two decay channels, K*(-) -->, KSpi- --> pi(-)pi(+)pi(-) and K*(-) --> K- pi(0). The eta is reconstructed from the decay eta --> gamma gamma. The measured branching fraction is B(tau(-) --> K- pi(0)eta nu(tau)) = (2.9 +/- 0.8 +/- 0.3) x 10(-4). We also measure the inclusive branching fractions without requiring the K* resonance, B(tau(-) --> K(S)pi(-) eta nu(tau)) = (1.10 +/- 0.35 +/- 0.11) x 10(-4) and B(tau(-) --> K- pi(0)eta nu(tau)) = (1.77 +/- 0.56 +/- 0.71) x 10(-4). The results indicate that the K*(-) resonance dominates the K(S)pi(-) mass spectrum. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Ottawa, ON, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Bishai, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.281 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200010 ER PT J AU Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Bartelt, J Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, H Shapiro, A Sun, WH Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Sahu, SK Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Richie, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F AF Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Bartelt, J Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Miller, JS Schmidtler, H Shapiro, A Sun, WH Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Sahu, SK Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Richie, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F TI First observations of Y(1S)->gamma pi(+)pi(-) and Y(1S)->gamma pi(0)pi(0) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; DETECTOR; MESONS AB We report on a study of exclusive radiative decays of the Y(1S) resonance collected with the CLEO II detector operating at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We present the first observation of the radiative decays Y(1S) --> gamma pi(+)pi(-) and Y(1S) --> gamma pi(0)pi(0). For the dipion mass regime m(pi pi) > 1.0 GeV, we obtain N(Y(1S) --> gamma pi(+)pi(-)) = (6.3 +/- 1.2 +/- 1.3) x 10(-5) and B(Y(1S) --> gamma pi(0)pi(0)) = (1.7 +/- 0.6 +/- 0.3) x 10(-5). C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Anastassov, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674 NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 286 EP 290 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.286 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200011 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K Yelkhovsky, A AF Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K Yelkhovsky, A TI Positronium hyperfine splitting: Analytical value at O (m alpha(6)) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BOUND-STATE; GROUND-STATE; INTERVAL; MUONIUM AB We present an analytic calculation of the O(m alpha(6)) recoil corrections to the hyperfine splitting (HFS) of the ground state energy levels in positronium. We find Delta E-rec = m alpha(6)(-1/6 ln alpha + 331/432 - ln2/4 - 17 zeta(3)/8 pi(2) + 5/12 pi(2)) approximate to m alpha(6)(- 1/5 In alpha + 0.37632), confirming Pachucki's numerical result [Phys. Rev. A 56, 297 (1997)]. We present a complete analytic formula for the O(ma6) HFS of the positronium ground state and, including O(m alpha(7)ln(2)alpha) effects, find [E(1(3)S(1)) - E(1(3)S(1))](theory) = 203 392.01(46) MHz. This differs from the experimental results by about 3 standard deviations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM czar@bnl.gov; melnikov@particle.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de; yelkhovsky@inp.nsk.su NR 36 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 311 EP 314 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.311 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200017 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, BP Bell, RE Bernabei, S Hosea, JC Majeski, R Ono, M Phillips, CK Rogers, JH Schilling, G Skinner, CH Wilson, JR AF LeBlanc, BP Bell, RE Bernabei, S Hosea, JC Majeski, R Ono, M Phillips, CK Rogers, JH Schilling, G Skinner, CH Wilson, JR TI Direct observation of ion-Bernstein-wave-induced poloidal flow in TFTR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK PLASMA AB Shearing of the plasma poloidal rotation velocity was observed during application of ion Bernstein wave power in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor. The first evidence of corroboration between measured poloidal velocity shearing and actively induced Reynolds stress effects is presented. A model reproduces salient experimental features: The observed sheared flow occurs near the tritium fifth harmonic cyclotron resonance layer and depends strongly on the tritium density in agreement with the model. Furthermore, the model reproduces the observed insensitivity of the induced rotation to the tritium density in the region between the third deuterium harmonic layer and the fifth tritium harmonic layer. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Intevac Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. RP LeBlanc, BP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 12 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.331 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200022 ER PT J AU Slanic, Z Belanger, DP Fernandez-Baca, JA AF Slanic, Z Belanger, DP Fernandez-Baca, JA TI Equilibrium random-field Ising critical scattering in the antiferromagnet Fe0.93Zn0.07F2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; X-RAY; HEAT-CAPACITY; MODEL; MAGNETIZATION; FE0.47ZN0.53F2; FEXZN1-XF2; RELAXATION; CROSSOVER AB It has long been believed that equilibrium random-field Ising model (RFIM) critical scattering studies are not feasible in dilute antiferromagnets close to and below T-c(H) because of severe nonequilibrium effects. The high magnetic concentration Ising antiferromagnet Fe0.93Zn0.07F2, however, does provide equilibrium behavior. We have employed scaling techniques to extract the universal equilibrium scattering line shape, critical exponents v = 0.87 +/- 0.07 and eta = 0.20 + 0.05, and amplitude ratios of this RFIM system. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Slanic, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 NR 30 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 426 EP 429 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.426 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200046 ER PT J AU Burakovsky, L Goldman, T AF Burakovsky, L Goldman, T TI Comment on "Regge trajectories for all flavors" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burakovsky, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 457 EP 457 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.457 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 156MM UT WOS:000078005200054 ER PT J AU Vitkalov, SA Bowers, CR Simmons, JA Reno, JL AF Vitkalov, SA Bowers, CR Simmons, JA Reno, JL TI Effect of the nuclear hyperfine field on the 2D electron conductivity in the quantum Hall regime SO JETP LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN; OSCILLATIONS AB The effect of the nuclear hyperfine interaction on the dc conductivity of 2D electrons under quantum Hall effect conditions at filling factor nu=1 is observed for the first time. The local hyperfine field enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization is monitored via the Overhauser shift of the 2D conduction electron spin resonance in AlGaAs/GaAs multiquantum-well samples. The experimentally observed change in the dc conductivity resulting from dynamic nuclear polarization is in agreement with a thermal activation model incorporating the Zeeman energy change due to the hyperfine interaction. The relaxation decay time of the dc conductivity is, within experimental error, the same as the relaxation time of the nuclear spin polarization determined from the Overhauser shift. These findings unequivocally establish the nuclear spin origins of the observed conductivity change. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-3640(99)01201-3]. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vitkalov, SA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-3640 J9 JETP LETT+ JI Jetp Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 69 IS 1 BP 64 EP 70 DI 10.1134/1.567985 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 170WK UT WOS:000078829900012 ER PT J AU Glimm, J Saltz, D Sharp, DH AF Glimm, J Saltz, D Sharp, DH TI Two-phase modelling of a fluid mixing layer SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; 2-PHASE FLOW MODEL; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; EQUATIONS AB We analyse and improve a recently-proposed two-phase how model for the statistical evolution of two-fluid mixing. A hyperbolic equation for the volume fraction, whose characteristic speed is the average interface velocity v*, plays a central role. We propose a new model for v* in terms of the volume fraction and fluid velocities, which can be interpreted as a constitutive law for two-fluid mixing. In the incompressible limit, the two-phase equations admit a self-similar solution for an arbitrary scaling of lengths. We show that the constitutive law for u* can be expressed directly in terms of the volume fraction, and thus it is an experimentally measurable quantity. For incompressible Rayleigh-Taylor mixing, we examine the self-similar solution based on a simple zero-parameter model for v*. It is shown that the present approach gives improved agreement with experimental data for the growth rate of a Rayleigh-Taylor mixing layer. Closure of the two-phase flow model requires boundary conditions for the surfaces that separate the two-phase and single-phase regions, i.e. the edges of the mixing layer. We propose boundary conditions for Rayleigh-Taylor mixing based on the inertial drag, and buoyant forces on the furthest penetrating structures which define these edges. Our analysis indicates that the compatibility of the boundary conditions with the two-phase flow model is an important consideration. The closure assumptions introduced here and their consequences in relation to experimental data are compared to the work of others. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Glimm, J (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 30 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 378 BP 119 EP 143 DI 10.1017/S0022112098003127 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 166MZ UT WOS:000078581600005 ER PT J AU Roberts, JJ Duba, AG Mathez, EA Shankland, TJ Kinzler, R AF Roberts, JJ Duba, AG Mathez, EA Shankland, TJ Kinzler, R TI Carbon-enhanced electrical conductivity during fracture of rocks SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD MEASUREMENTS; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; LOMA-PRIETA EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; SURFACE; PRECURSORS; EMISSIONS; PRESSURE; KINETICS AB Changes in electrical resistance during rock fracture in the presence of a carbonaceous atmosphere have been investigated using Nugget sandstone and Westerly granite. The experiments were performed in an internally heated, gas-pressure vessel with a load train that produced strain rates between 10(-6) and 10(-5) s(-1). Samples were deformed at temperatures of 354 degrees to 502 degrees C and pressures of 100 to 170 MPa in atmospheres of Ar or mixtures of 95% CO2 with 5% CO or 5% CH4, compositions that are well within the field of graphite stability at the run conditions. In experiments using Nugget sandstone, resistance reached a minimum value when the maximum temperature was achieved and good electrode contact was made. The resistance then increased as the experiment continued, probably due to dry out of the sample, a change in the oxidation state of the Fe-oxide associated with the cement, or destruction of current-bearing pathways. At approximately 200-MPa end load, the rock sample failed. Plots of load and resistance versus time show several interesting features. In one experiment, for example, as the end load reached about 175 MPa, resistance stopped increasing and remained fairly constant for a period of approximately 0.5 hour. During loading, the end load displayed small decreases that were simultaneous with small decreases in resistance; when the end load (and the displacement) indicated rock failure, resistance decreased dramatically, from similar to 150 M Omega to 100 M Omega. In a single experiment, the Westerly granite also showed a decrease in resistance during dilatancy. The nature and distribution of carbon in the run products were studied by electron microprobe and time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS). Carbon observed by mapping with the former is clearly observed on microcracks that, based on the microtexture, are interpreted to have formed during the deformation. The TOF-SIMS data confirm the electron-probe observations that carbon is present on fracture surfaces. These observations and experimental results lead to the hypothesis that as microfractures open in the time leading up to failure along a fracture, carbon is deposited as a continuous film on the new, reactive mineral surfaces, and this produces a decrease in resistance. Subsequent changes in resistance occur as connectivity of the initial fracture network is altered by continued deformation. Such a process may explain some electromagnetic effects associated with earthquakes. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Global Secur Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Global Secur Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM roberts17@llnl.gov; alduba@llnl.gov; mathez@amnh.org; shankland@lanl.gov NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 104 IS B1 BP 737 EP 747 DI 10.1029/1998JB900032 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 159FV UT WOS:000078162100010 ER PT J AU Heizler, MT Perry, FV Crowe, BM Peters, L Appelt, R AF Heizler, MT Perry, FV Crowe, BM Peters, L Appelt, R TI The age of Lathrop Wells volcanic center: An Ar-40/Ar-39 dating investigation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID RADIOACTIVE-WASTE REPOSITORY; PARTIALLY DEGASSED XENOLITHS; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; SOUTHERN NEVADA; QUATERNARY VOLCANISM; AR-40-AR-39 ANALYSIS; SOUTHWESTERN NEVADA; ERUPTION AGE; CRATER FLAT; NEW-MEXICO AB The: Ar-40/Ar-39 age spectrum analyses of basalt whole rock and partially degassed sanidine xenocrysts for the Lathrop Wells volcanic center, Nevada, yield eruption ages of 77.3 +/- 6.0 and 76.6 +/- 4.9 ka (2 sigma) for the Ql(1) and Ql(2) flows, respectively. Basaltic samples were analyzed in four to six replicate runs and yield normally distributed plateau ages. Miocene ash flow tuff xenoliths were collected from the basaltic units with the majority of samples coming from the Ql(2) The sanidines from the Ql(2) xenoliths yielded apparent plateau ages (n = 10) ranging from 69 +/- 17 to 309 +/- II ka with a strong cluster (n = 6) at similar to 77 ka. Because the diffusion dimension of sanidine is approximated by the physical crystal size, cracking of the sanidine following the development of an argon concentration profile may result in complex argon age spectra. Experimental studies exploring the natural and laboratory argon systematics of degassed sanidine reveal that crystal breakage and HF acid etching lead to anomalously old apparent ages. These new ages for the Ql(1) and Ql(2) flows are analytically indistinguishable and agree well with published eruption ages determined by He-3 and Cl-36 cosmogenic surface exposure dating methods. We conclude that the Ql(1) and Ql(2) flows are temporally equivalent. Additionally, the agreement between our eruption ages for these units and the published 76 +/- 20 ka [Zreda et al., 1993] Cl-36 exposure age for the Lathrop Wells scoria cone (Qs(3)) suggests that the cone may be temporally equivalent to the Ql(1) and Ql(2) flows. We believe the simplest and most reasonable interpretation is that the volcanic center is monogenetic. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, New Mexico Bur Mines & Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Energy, Div Environm Management, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, New Mexico Bur Mines & Mineral Resources, 801 Leroy Pl, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM matt@nmt.edu; fperry@lanl.gov; croweb@nv.doe.gov NR 53 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 104 IS B1 BP 767 EP 804 DI 10.1029/1998JB900002 PG 38 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 159FV UT WOS:000078162100012 ER PT J AU Melchiorre, EB Criss, RE Davisson, ML AF Melchiorre, EB Criss, RE Davisson, ML TI Relationship between seismicity and subsurface fluids, central Coast Ranges, California SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; KOBE EARTHQUAKE; NORTHERN; ZONE; DEFORMATION; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; SPRINGS; UPLIFT; WATERS AB Seismicity is irregularly distributed in the central Coast Ranges of California, with several large areas having virtually no seismic activity since 1968. Aseismic areas correlate with zones of abnormally high pore fluid pressures (AHPs) > 130% of hydrostatic. Level line surveys suggest that aseismic areas have experienced significant historical uplift. Moreover, these aseismic areas show a remarkable correlation with perennial saline springs that represent tectonically expelled formation fluid, as indicated by their perennial flow, delta(18)O and delta D enrichment to +6.3% and -13% respectively, elevated [B] to 331 ppm, and chemistry dominated by Na and Cl. Aseismic areas are dominantly located at the center of structural blocks that are under compression and are bounded by major faults and seismicity belts. Volumetric strain within these blocks creates pockets of overpressured formation fluid that greatly reduce seismic activity while promoting aseismic uplift. Seismic cross sections reveal three-dimensional pockets of aseismicity that are floored and surrounded by scattered hypocenters. We suggest that overpressured formation fluids originate at depths of 1 to 7 km within these pockets, on the basis of Na-K-Ca geothermometry estimates that are consistent with stratigraphic information and available drill hole data. These overpressured fluid pockets may also influence seismicity on major faults, such as the upper 3 km of the active Greenville fault, which is relatively aseismic where it separates two overpressured pockets. Decreasing flow rates observed at some saline springs may represent a local transition to a period of increased seismic activity. While many studies have linked generation of earthquakes to man-made fluid overpressures, our data show that the dominant, long-term effect of AHPs is to reduce seismicity and promote uplift. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Isotope Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Melchiorre, EB (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Box 1169, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM ebm@levee.wustl.edu; criss@wups.wustl.edu; davisson@sirius.llnl.gov NR 67 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 104 IS B1 BP 921 EP 939 DI 10.1029/1998JB900038 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 159FV UT WOS:000078162100020 ER PT J AU Xie, JK Patton, HJ AF Xie, JK Patton, HJ TI Regional phase excitation and propagation in the Lop Nor region of central Asia and implications for P/Lg discriminants SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; UNITED-STATES EARTHQUAKES; SEISMIC CRUSTAL PHASES; SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS; SIMULTANEOUS INVERSION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; LG MAGNITUDES; EARTH MODEL; WAVES; ATTENUATION AB Pn and Lg spectra for Lop Nor explosions and nearby earthquakes were analyzed for source and propagation effects using a modified inversion method of Xie [1993]. Spectral analyses were performed on waveform data from Incorporated Research Institution for Seismology, Chinese Digital Seismic Network, Kazakhstan, and Krgyzstan networks. Pn amplitude variations of a factor of 20 are observed across the small-aperture (< 200 km) Kyrgyzstan network, and are probably related to three-dimensional Moho structure close to the network. Comparisons of Pn amplitudes and spectral ratios provide evidence for nonisotropic radiation pattern effects in the case of earthquakes and overshoot in explosion time histories. Complex source effects are born out in our inversion results: (1) logarithm of seismic moment (M-0) from Pn. and Lg spectra scale linearly with body wave magnitude (m(b)) for explosions (5.0 less than or equal to mb less than or equal to 6.0) and for earthquakes (4.0 less than or equal to m(b) less than or equal to 5.5); (2) Pn M-0 estimates are similar to Lg M-0 for earthquakes but are higher than Lg Ma for explosions; (3) corner frequency f(c) scale as quarter root of M-0 for explosions and cube root for earthquakes; (4) at the same M-0 level, Pn f(c) are 4-5 times higher than Lg f(c) for earthquakes and explosions; and (5) Pn source spectra are characterized by significant overshoot for explosions. Our results suggest that the cause of maximum separation between earthquake and explosion populations on plots of P/Lg spectral ratios, which typically occurs for frequencies above explosion Pn f(c) (between 2 and 4 Hz for explosions in this study), may be related to overshoot in the reduced velocity potential. C1 Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87454 USA. RP Xie, JK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. EM xie@lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu; patton@geophysics.lanl.gov NR 53 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1999 VL 104 IS B1 BP 941 EP 954 DI 10.1029/1998JB900045 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 159FV UT WOS:000078162100021 ER PT J AU Buchko, GW Iakoucheva, LM Kennedy, MA Ackerman, EJ Hess, NJ AF Buchko, GW Iakoucheva, LM Kennedy, MA Ackerman, EJ Hess, NJ TI Extended X-ray absorption fine structure evidence for a single metal binding domain in Xenopus laevis nucleotide excision repair protein XPA SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; DNA-REPAIR; DAMAGED DNA; ZINC METALLOPROTEIN; GENE; AFFINITY; FINGERS; SITE AB Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is an important cellular mechanism, conserved from bacteria to humans, responsible for eliminating multiple types of structurally distinct DNA lesions from the genome. The protein XPA appears to play a central role in NER, recognizing and/or verifying damaged DNA and recruiting other proteins, including RPA, ERCC1, and TFIIH, to repair the damage. Sequence analysis and genetic evidence suggest that zinc, which is essential for DNA binding, is associated with a C4-type motif, C-X-2-C-X-17-C-X-2-C. Sequence analysis suggests that a second, H2C2-type zinc-binding motif may be present near the C-terminal. Seventy percent of the amino acid sequence of Xenopus laevis XPA (xXPA) is identical to human XPA and both putative zinc-binding motifs are conserved in all known XPA proteins. Electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy data show that xXPA contains only one zinc atom per molecule. EXAFS spectra collected on full-length xXPA in frozen (77 K) 15% glycerol aqueous solution unequivocally show that the zinc atom is coordinated to four sulfur atoms with an average Zn-S bond length of 2.33 +/- 0.02 Angstrom Together, the EXAFS and mass spectroscopy data indicate that xXPA contains just one C4-type zinc-binding motif. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Dept Biosci, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ackerman, EJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Dept Biosci, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM eric.ackerman@pnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015; OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061; Iakoucheva, Lilia/0000-0002-4542-5219; Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 254 IS 1 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9890 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 158XB UT WOS:000078141800020 PM 9920741 ER PT J AU Nogales, E Whittaker, M Milligan, RA Downing, KH AF Nogales, E Whittaker, M Milligan, RA Downing, KH TI High-resolution model of the microtubule SO CELL LA English DT Article ID MOTOR-PROTEIN COMPLEX; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ALPHA-TUBULIN; BETA-TUBULIN; INDIVIDUAL MICROTUBULES; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; BINDING-SITE; AMINO-ACIDS; LATTICE AB A high-resolution model of the microtubule has been obtained by docking the crystal structure of tubulin into a 20 Angstrom map of the microtubule. The excellent fit indicates the similarity of the tubulin conformation in both polymers and defines the orientation of the tubulin structure within the microtubule. Long C-terminal helices form the crest on the outside of the protofilament, while long loops define the microtubule lumen. The exchangeable nucleotide in beta-tubulin is exposed at the plus end of the microtubule, while the proposed catalytic residue in alpha-tubulin is exposed at the minus end. Extensive longitudinal interfaces between monomers have polar and hydrophobic components. At the lateral contacts, a nucleotide-sensitive helix interacts with a loop that contributes to the binding site of taxol in beta-tubulin. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@ibl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM46033, GM51487, GM52468] NR 42 TC 755 Z9 775 U1 1 U2 40 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1050 MASSACHUSETTES AVE, CIRCULATION DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0092-8674 J9 CELL JI Cell PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 1 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80961-7 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 156VR UT WOS:000078023200010 PM 9989499 ER PT J AU Bise, RT Choi, H Pedersen, HB Mordaunt, DH Neumark, DM AF Bise, RT Choi, H Pedersen, HB Mordaunt, DH Neumark, DM TI Photodissociation spectroscopy and dynamics of the methylthio radical (CH3S) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; PHOTOFRAGMENT TRANSLATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER; FAST BEAM; RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; TIME; SPECTRUM; NM; PHOTODETACHMENT AB The photodissociation spectroscopy and dynamics of the CH3S and CD3S radicals have been investigated using fast radical beam photofragment spectroscopy of the (A) over tilde (2)A(1) <-- (X) over tilde E-2 electronic band (T(0)congruent to 26 400 cm(-1)) and an unstructured band near 45 600 cm(-1). At all energies, only one major channel, CH3((X) over tilde (2)A(2)") + S(P-3(j)), was observed. Photofragment yield spectra for the (A) over tilde (2)A(1) <-- (X) over tilde E-2 electronic band show resolved vibrational progressions extending well beyond those seen in laser-induced fluorescence studies of this band. Photofragment translational energy distributions yield the S(P-3(j)) fine-structure distribution for each vibrational level of the CH3 product. Photofragment angular distributions were found to be highly anisotropic (beta= - 0.2 to - 1.0+/-0.1) with increasing anisotropy at higher photon energies. The results yield a refined heat of formation for CH3S (1.346+/-0.018 eV) as well as the mechanism by which the (A) over tilde (2)A(1) State is predissociated. Results at 45 600 cm(-1) imply that dissociation occurs on the repulsive (B) over tilde (2)A(2) state. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)04201-4]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bise, RT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 56 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 2 BP 805 EP 816 DI 10.1063/1.478048 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 153NT UT WOS:000077839700013 ER PT J AU Toutounji, M Small, GJ Mukamel, S AF Toutounji, M Small, GJ Mukamel, S TI Nonlinear optical response functions for a chromophore with linear and quadratic electron-vibration coupling SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYE-DOPED POLYMERS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; ACCUMULATED PHOTON-ECHO; HOLE-BURNED SPECTRA; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SOLVENT DYNAMICS; GLASSY FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; LIQUIDS; MOLECULES AB Two models for the third-order response function of a two-electronic level chromophore are investigated. The first assumes an excited state vibrational Hamiltonian whose phonon modes exhibit both linear and diagonal quadratic electron-phonon coupling. Impulsive stimulated photon echoes are calculated for this model. The second assumes linear electron-phonon coupling including vibrational relaxation and pure electronic dephasing. Impulsive two-pulse photon echo signals and their dependence on temperature and electron-phonon coupling strength are calculated for this model. The initial fast nonexponential (free-induction) decay due to all multiphonon transitions, quantum beats and the slow decay component due to the zero-phonon line (pure electronic dephasing) are identified and correlated with features of the single-site absorption spectrum whose relationship to the hole burned spectrum is well understood. Pure electronic dephasing associated with the zero-phonon line contributes to the decay of the quantum beats. This contribution may be non-negligible at high temperatures in certain systems. An application is made to the special pair absorption band of the bacterial reaction center. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)52502-6]. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Chem, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Toutounji, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 2 BP 1017 EP 1024 DI 10.1063/1.478146 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 153NT UT WOS:000077839700035 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE AF Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE TI Solvation in high-temperature electrolyte solutions. I. Hydration shell behavior from molecular simulation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; DILUTE MIXTURES; WATER; MODEL; ION; THERMODYNAMICS; DYNAMICS; POINT AB The behavior of the first hydration shell of species in solution and its relevant thermophysical properties are studied by molecular dynamics of infinitely dilute NaCl aqueous solutions at high temperature. The ion-induced effects on the water local properties are assessed in terms of the corresponding radial profiles for the local density, the local pressure, the local electric field, the local dielectric constant, and two alternative types of coordination numbers, along the near-critical reduced isotherm. T-r = 1.05 and the supercritical reduced isochore rho(r) = 1.5. Simulation results are discussed in the context of their usefulness in enhancing the understanding and the modeling of supercritical aqueous electrolytes. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)50902-1]. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM achialvo@utk.edu RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 41 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 2 BP 1064 EP 1074 DI 10.1063/1.478150 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 153NT UT WOS:000077839700040 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE AF Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE TI Solvation in high-temperature electrolyte solutions. II. Some formal results SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INFINITE DILUTION; MIXTURES; SIMULATION; WATER; TASTE; IONS AB Our molecular-based formalism for infinitely dilute supercritical nonelectrolyte solutions is extended to electrolyte solutions by establishing rigorous connections between the microscopic behavior of the solvent around individual ionic species and their macroscopic solvation behavior. The formalism relies on the unambiguous splitting of the mixture's properties into short-ranged (finite) and long-ranged (diverging) contributions, associated with the corresponding solvation and compressibility-driven phenomena, respectively. The salt (solute) and solvent's residual chemical potentials are linked to the change of the local solvent's environment around the infinitely dilute anion and cation, and the salt partial molar properties are interpreted in terms of the individual ion partial molar counterparts without introducing any extra-thermodynamic assumption. This is achieved with the use of Kusalik and Patey's version of the Kirkwood-Buff fluctuation theory of mixtures. Moreover, the salt-and the individual ion-induced effects are connected to the solvent's electrostriction around the ions, and to the coefficients of the Helmholtz free energy expansion for dilute mixtures. The ion-induced effects are also linked to well-defined excess solvation numbers which do not rely on any choice of solvation shell radius. Finally, some theoretical implications concerning the modeling of high-temperature aqueous-electrolytes solutions are discussed. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)51002-7]. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 54 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 2 BP 1075 EP 1086 DI 10.1063/1.478151 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 153NT UT WOS:000077839700041 ER PT J AU Banin, U Bruchez, M Alivisatos, AP Ha, T Weiss, S Chemla, DS AF Banin, U Bruchez, M Alivisatos, AP Ha, T Weiss, S Chemla, DS TI Evidence for a thermal contribution to emission intermittency in single CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; FLUORESCENCE; DYNAMICS; JUMPS; INTENSITY; EXCITON; POLYMER AB The on-off intermittent behavior of emission from single CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals was investigated as a function of temperature and excitation intensity. Off times were found to be independent of excitation power and the temperature dependence reveals substantial reduction in the number of on-off cycles prior to final particle darkening at low temperatures. On times are found to vary linearly with excitation intensity over a broad range and the turn off rate shows activated Arrhenius behavior down to T=50 K. These observations are consistent with a darkening mechanism that is a combination of Auger photoionization and thermal trapping of charge. The inhomogeneity of various possible tray sites is discussed. A thermally activated neutralization process is required for the particle to return to the on state. The influence of shell composition on intermittency is compared for CdS and ZnS [M. Nirmal et al., Nature 383, 802 (1996)]. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)705101-5]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Banin, U (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Phys Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RI Bruchez, Marcel/C-2271-2009; Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Bruchez, Marcel/0000-0002-7370-4848; Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 28 TC 178 Z9 179 U1 5 U2 41 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 110 IS 2 BP 1195 EP 1201 DI 10.1063/1.478161 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 153NT UT WOS:000077839700054 ER PT J AU Miyabe, K Guiochon, G AF Miyabe, K Guiochon, G TI Estimation of the column radial heterogeneity from an analysis of the characteristics of tailing peaks in linear chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE peak shape; column radial heterogeneity; column efficiency; column packing ID MASS-TRANSFER KINETICS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CYLINDRICAL SYMMETRY; FLOW VELOCITY; EFFICIENCY; HOMOGENEITY; SEPARATION; IDEAL; BEDS AB An estimation procedure of the radial heterogeneity of the distributions of the mobile phase flow velocity and of the local column efficiency was derived from a comparison of experimental data and of the characteristics of these tailing peaks calculated numerically. The analysis of these characteristics indicated that the radial heterogeneity of the packing density of a column is a cause of peak tailing. This analysis showed also that it is possible to correlate the radial fluctuations of the flow velocity and the apparent efficiency of different columns. The comparison of experimental data and calculated results suggested also a correlation between the radial distributions of the Bow velocity and of the column efficiency. Previous experimental data concerning the radial heterogeneity of column packings validated the correlation. Information on the degree of heterogeneity of the radial distributions of the flow velocity and the column efficiency were obtained by analyzing the peak width and the asymmetry factor of elution peaks. It was also found that the exponentially modified Gaussian distribution cannot provide a comprehensive representation of all types of tailing profiles in chromatography. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 830 IS 1 BP 29 EP 39 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00881-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 159YL UT WOS:000078203200002 ER PT J AU Kele, M Guiochon, G AF Kele, M Guiochon, G TI Repeatability and reproducibility of retention data and band profiles on reversed-phase liquid chromatography columns I. Experimental protocol SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE band profiles; stationary phases, LC; retention data ID STRONGLY BASIC COMPOUNDS; PACKING MATERIALS; STATIONARY PHASE; PERFORMANCE; SILICA; HPLC AB A procedure is described for the determination of the short-term and long-term repeatabilities and of the column-to-column and lot-to-lot reproducibilities of the retention and profile characteristics of the peaks obtained with a number of different reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) C-18-bonded silica columns of several commercial brands. Data characterizing the retention, the steric selectivity, the hydrogen bonding capacity, the hydrophobic interaction selectivity, the column efficiency and the peak asymmetry will be acquired for all the probe compounds. These include 30 neutral, acidic and basic compounds distributed into five groups to be eluted under as many different sets of chromatographic conditions. The data will be obtained using an HP 1100 liquid chromatograph. The compounds and experimental conditions selected were similar to those previously used by different authors for comparison purposes. Careful attention will be paid to minimization of external error contributions by adhering to a strict operational procedure. The precision expected will be high because preliminary results gave standard deviations of around 0.04% for the separation factors, below 0.15% for the retention times and around 1% for the column efficiency in short-term repeatability experiments performed with one column. (C) 1949 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 29 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 830 IS 1 BP 41 EP 54 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00757-2 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 159YL UT WOS:000078203200003 ER PT J AU Kele, M Guiochon, G AF Kele, M Guiochon, G TI Repeatability and reproducibility of retention data and band profiles on reversed-phase liquid chromatographic columns II. Results obtained with Symmetry C-18 columns SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE retention data; band profiles; stationary phases, LC; symmetry C-18 columns AB The long-term repeatability, the column-to-column and the lot-to-lot reproducibilities of the retention and profile of the peaks obtained with 15 different Symmetry C-18 columns were investigated. This packing material is an octadecyl bonded silica for RP-LC. Data characterizing the retention, the steric selectivity, the hydrogen bonding capacity, the hydrophobic interaction selectivity, the column efficiency, and the peak asymmetry are reported for a group of 30 neutral, acidic and basic compounds selected as probes. These data were acquired under five different sets of chromatographic conditions, using an HP 1100 liquid chromatograph and following an experimental protocol previously described. Statistical comparison of five different columns of one batch and of columns representative of 10 different batches are based on the high precision data obtained. For example, for 28 of the 30 components, the R.S.D.s of the retention factors measured on 10 columns from as many different batches were better than 2%. The R.S.D.s of the separation factors for 27 of these 30 components were below 1.4%. Such a level of column reproducibility is most impressive. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 10 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 830 IS 1 BP 55 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00758-4 PG 25 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 159YL UT WOS:000078203200004 ER PT J AU Hung, LW Kohmura, M Ariyoshi, Y Kim, SH AF Hung, LW Kohmura, M Ariyoshi, Y Kim, SH TI Structural differences in D and L-monellin in the crystals of racemic mixture SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE monellin; sweet protein; crystal structure; stereoisomeric protein; D-isomeric protein ID INTENSELY SWEET PROTEIN; SINGLE-CHAIN MONELLIN; SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; DIOSCOREOPHYLLUM-CUMMINSII; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CRYSTALLIZATION; PRINCIPLE AB The racemic mixture of synthetic D and L-monellin has been crystallized, and its structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography at 1.9 Angstrom resolution. The crystal structure consists of two D and two L-monellin molecules in the P1 unit cell with a pseudo-centrosymmetrical arrangement. The final structure reveals small but significant structural differences between D and L-monellin in the same crystal. Possible reasons for these differences and their implications are discussed. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ajinomoto Co Inc, Cent Res Labs, Kawasaki Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210, Japan. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SHKIM@LBL.GOV NR 32 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 285 IS 1 BP 311 EP 321 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2308 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 155VZ UT WOS:000077968200026 PM 9878408 ER PT J AU Unal, O Barnard, DJ Anderson, IE AF Unal, O Barnard, DJ Anderson, IE TI A shear test method to measure shear strength of metallic materials and solder joints using small specimens SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Program, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Unal, O (reprint author), Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Program, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 8 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 3 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00432-1 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 169UP UT WOS:000078767700002 ER PT J AU Rawers, J Biancaniello, F Jiggetts, R Fields, R Williams, M AF Rawers, J Biancaniello, F Jiggetts, R Fields, R Williams, M TI Warm-hip compaction of attrition-milled iron alloy powders SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; FE C1 US Bur Mines, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Rawers, J (reprint author), US Bur Mines, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 3 BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00425-4 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 169UP UT WOS:000078767700003 ER PT J AU Dachsel, H Harrison, RJ Dixon, DA AF Dachsel, H Harrison, RJ Dixon, DA TI Multireference configuration interaction calculations on Cr-2: Passing the one billion limit in MRCI/MRACPF calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; LOCAL-SPIN-DENSITY; POTENTIAL-ENERGY CURVE; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; ELECTRON CORRELATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; BOND-ENERGIES; BASIS-SETS; X-ALPHA; MO-2 AB The region around the minimum of the potential-energy curve of Cr-2 has been calculated at the multireference configuration interaction (CI) level including almost 1.3 billion configurations in the CI calculation. The computational techniques as implemented on massively parallel computers which enabled this calculation are described. The calculated results are R-e = 1.72 Angstrom, D-e = 1.09 eV, and omega(e) = 338.7 cm(-1) as compared to experimental values of R-e = 1.679 Angstrom, D-e = 1.50 +/- 0.05 eV, and omega(e) = 452.34(Delta G(1/2)) cm(-1). The error of 0.4 eV in the dissociation energy can be attributed to relativistic effects following other authors (0.2 eV) and the need for higher angular momentum basis functions in the one-particle set (0.2 eV). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Harrison, RJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 906 Battelle Blvd,MS K1-83, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 40 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1021/jp982648s PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 174NX UT WOS:000079042200019 ER PT J AU Thurston, TR Wilcoxon, JP AF Thurston, TR Wilcoxon, JP TI Photooxidation of organic chemicals catalyzed by nanoscale MoS2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYSIS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR; NANOCLUSTERS; WATER AB We describe experiments that explore the use of nanosize MoS2 semiconductors for catalyzing the photooxidation of an organic chemical, phenol. The band gap of nanoscale MoS2 can be tuned across the visible spectrum and we show that d = 4.5 nm MoS2 which has an absorbance edge near 550 nm photooxidizes phenol using only visible light (>450 nm) while smaller band gap d = 8-10 nm MoS2 or wide band gap Degussa P-25 TiO2 do not. The possibility of increasing the rate of photooxidation of phenol by deposition of nanoclusters of MoS2 on bulk semiconductor powders is investigated. It is shown that small amounts (<5 wt %) of nanoscale MoS2 deposited onto TiO2 can lead to significant (similar to 2-fold) enhancements of phenol destruction rates compared to TiO2 by itself. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Wilcoxon, JP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. NR 19 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 7 U2 91 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1021/jp982337h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PC UT WOS:000079042700003 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Saboungi, ML Thiyagarajan, P Csencsits, R Meisel, D AF Johnson, JA Saboungi, ML Thiyagarajan, P Csencsits, R Meisel, D TI Selenium nanoparticles: A small-angle neutron scattering study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL-OT; REVERSED MICELLES; NANOCLUSTERS; ZEOLITE AB The growth process of selenium nanoparticles prepared in a microemulsion by a reverse micelle method is probed by several techniques. The smallest particles synthesized are of the order of 40 Angstrom, in diameter, producing the usual blue shift in the optical spectra. An amorphous to crystalline phase transition was detected by both electron and X-ray diffraction, The micelle structure investigated by small-angle neutron scattering was found to be unaffected by the conditions of the reaction. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Saboungi, ML (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275 NR 27 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1021/jp983229y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PC UT WOS:000079042700009 ER PT J AU Marinkovic, NS Wang, JX Marinkovic, JS Adzic, RR AF Marinkovic, NS Wang, JX Marinkovic, JS Adzic, RR TI Unusual adsorption properties of silver adlayers on the Pt(111) electrode surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; ANION ADSORPTION; DOUBLE-LAYER; PLATINUM; CU; SPECTROSCOPY; AG/PT(111); MONOLAYER; INTERFACE; LEED AB Adsorption properties of silver monolayer and bilayer deposited at underpotentials on a Pt(111) electrode were studied by means of linear sweep voltammetry, in situ surface X-ray scattering and infrared spectroelectrochemistry. Surface X-ray scattering measurements show a pseudomorphic Ag monolayer and an incommensurate expanded bilayer on Pt(111) formed at underpotentials. Unusual adsorption properties of the silver layers with respect to the bulk silver are observed. The two AE adlayers were found to have intermediate adsorption/oxidation characteristics between those of metallic Ag and Pt surfaces with (111) orientation. The Ag monolayer has properties that facilitate adsorption of bisulfate anions and adsorption and oxidation of CO. These properties are closer to the adsorption properties of the Pt(111) surface than to those of Ag(111), which adsorbs sulfate anions and does not adsorb CO. The Ag bilayer on the Pt(111) surface adsorbs sulfate anions as AE(111) does, but in contrast to the behavior of Ag(111), it adsorbs CO. These properties of the Ag adlayers appear to be a consequence of the charge-transfer process and the electron distribution in the Ag/Pt(111) surface. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011; Marinkovic, Nebojsa/A-1137-2016 OI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453 NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1021/jp982986t PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 174PC UT WOS:000079042700020 ER PT J AU McCorkle, DL Ding, WX Ma, CY Pinnaduwage, LA AF McCorkle, DL Ding, WX Ma, CY Pinnaduwage, LA TI Dissociation of benzene and methylene chloride based on enhanced dissociative electron attachment to highly excited molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; NEGATIVE-IONS; PLASMA; DECOMPOSITION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; STATES; BEAM; ENERGY; AIR AB We present preliminary results on a low-pressure glow-discharge-based process for the destruction of dilute concentrations of volatile organic compounds. Methylene chloride and benzene were studied in dilute mixtures with Ar,Ne and He rare gases. The destruction efficiency was observed to increase with increasing pressure. This and other observations are compatible with molecular dissociation by dissociative electron attachment to high-lying Rydberg states of molecules produced via excitation transfer from the metastable states of the rare gases. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP McCorkle, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 32 IS 1 BP 46 EP 54 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/32/1/009 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 164EA UT WOS:000078448600009 ER PT J AU Sulzer, B van Hemmen, JL AF Sulzer, B van Hemmen, JL TI Adaptive control: a strategy to treat autoimmunity SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY IMMUNE-RESPONSE; B-CELL REPERTOIRE; QUANTIZED MODEL; AUTOANTIBODIES; ANTIBODIES; EXPRESSION; IDIOTYPE; NETWORK; MICE; STIMULATION AB Anti-idiotypes of (natural) autoantibodies participate in the regulation of autoantibodies, their idiotype. Focusing on an idiotype/anti-idiotype pair embedded in an environment such as the central immune system, we start with the experimental fact that the level of anti-idiotypes is low in autoimmune patients but high in healthy individuals, and present a quantitative model. This is then used to develop an adaptive control strategy that induces a transition back to the tolerant, healthy, state and thus offers a vista of treating autoimmune diseases caused by the failure of idiotypic control of autoreactive B cells. The idea is to introduce an antigen or anti-idiotype that binds to the autoantibodies with high affinity, and to determine whether or not a fixed dose is to be injected depending on the autoantibody titer exceeding or not exceeding a threshold. Quantitative criteria are provided. The procedure is the more adaptive in that monitoring the autoantibody titer need only happen every x-th day where x can greatly exceed one. Adaptive control turns out to be robust. The arguments presented here also give a quantitative explanation of why the antigen-autoantibody interaction has to be specific so as to induce a backward transition and why an IVIg treatment therefore does not lead to a permanent improvement. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP van Hemmen, JL (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85747 Garching, Germany. EM lvh@Physik.TU-Muenchen.de FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555] NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 196 IS 1 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1006/jtbi.1998.0818 PG 7 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 153BK UT WOS:000077812700008 PM 9892557 ER PT J AU Chmaissem, O Jorgensen, JD Short, S Knizhnik, A Eckstein, Y Shaked, H AF Chmaissem, O Jorgensen, JD Short, S Knizhnik, A Eckstein, Y Shaked, H TI Scaling of transition temperature and CuO2 plane buckling in a high-temperature superconductor SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CHEVREL PHASES; FERMI-SURFACE; LA2-XSRXCUO4; YBA2CU3OX; TC; TRANSFORMATION; PRESSURE AB A characteristic feature of the high-temperature superconductors is the existence of a chemical composition that gives a maximum transition temperature, T-c, separating the so-called under-doped and over-doped regimes(1,2). This behaviour is thought to be universal for high-temperature superconductors. In practice, there are only a few high-T-c compounds for which the composition can be varied continuously throughout the entire doping range. Here we report a study of correlations between structure and T-c in a compound with the '123' structure in which both the under-doped and over-doped regimes can be accessed We observe a clear scaling between T-c and the buckling of the copper oxide planes;both go through a maximum at the same oxygen composition (and hence doping level), so implying a common origin. Previous work has shown that, for a fixed chemical composition, increased CuO2 plane buckling: lowers the transition temperature(3-11). Thus the observation of a maximum in the buckling at the maximum T-c indicates that, as the composition is changed to increase T-c, there is a structural response that competes with superconductivity. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Crown Ctr Superconduct, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Jorgensen, JD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 30 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 12 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6714 BP 45 EP 48 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155RD UT WOS:000077959400041 ER PT J AU Kersting, AB Efurd, DW Finnegan, DL Rokop, DJ Smith, DK Thompson, JL AF Kersting, AB Efurd, DW Finnegan, DL Rokop, DJ Smith, DK Thompson, JL TI Migration of plutonium in ground water at the Nevada Test Site SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW AQUIFER; MOBILIZATION; TRANSPORT AB Mobile colloids-suspended particles in the submicrometre size range-are known to occur naturally in ground water(1,2) and have the potential to enhance transport of non-soluble contaminants through sorption(3). The possible implications of this transport mechanism are of particular concern in the context of radionuclide transport. Significant quantities of the element plutonium have been introduced into the environment as a result of nuclear weapons testing and production, and nuclear power-plant accidents. Moreover, many countries anticipate storing nuclear waste underground. It has been argued that plutonium introduced into the subsurface environment is relatively immobile owing to its low solubility in ground water(4) and strong sorption onto rocks(5). Nonetheless, colloid-facilitated transport of radionuclides has been implicated in field observations(6,7), but unequivocal evidence of subsurface transport is lacking(3,8,9). Moreover, colloid filtration models predict transport over a limited distance resulting in a discrepancy between observed and modelled behaviour(3). Here we report that the radionuclides observed in groundwater samples from aquifers at the Nevada Test Site, where hundreds of underground nuclear tests were conducted, are associated with the colloidal fraction of the ground water. The Pu-240/Pu-239 isotope ratio of the samples establishes that an underground nuclear test 1.3 km north of the sample site is the origin of the plutonium. We argue that colloidal groundwater migration must have played an important role in transporting the plutonium, Models that either predict limited transport or do not allow for colloid-facilitated transport may thus significantly underestimate the extent of radionuclide migration. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Isotope Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kersting, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Isotope Sci Div, POB 808,L-231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 541 Z9 550 U1 20 U2 178 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 397 IS 6714 BP 56 EP 59 DI 10.1038/16231 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155RD UT WOS:000077959400045 ER PT J AU Kisslinger, LS Li, ZP AF Kisslinger, LS Li, ZP TI Sigma signal for hybrid baryon decay SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QCD SUM-RULES; SCALAR GLUEBALL; GLUONIUM; MESONS; MASS AB We develop an ansatz of the sigma enhancement of the I=0, L=0 pi-pi scattering amplitude as arising from a low-energy glueball pole. Using this picture we estimate the pi(0)pi(0) to pi(0) branching ratio for the decays of the Roper resonance, which we previously found to be a hybrid in our QCD sum rule calculation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Kisslinger, LS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01503-2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900005 ER PT J AU Matchev, KT Pierce, DM AF Matchev, KT Pierce, DM TI New limits on the SUSY Higgs boson mass SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; SUPERGRAVITY MODELS; GRAND-UNIFICATION; B->S-GAMMA DECAY; CONSTRAINTS; COUPLINGS; TECHNICOLOR; TERMS; MSSM AB We present new upper limits on the light Higgs boson mass m(h) in supersymmetric models. We consider two gravity-mediated models (with and without universal scaler masses) and two gauge-mediated models (with a 5+(5) over bar or 10 + (1) over bar 0 messenger sector). We impose standard phenomenological constraints, as well as SU(5) Yukawa coupling unification. Requiring that the bottom and tau Yukawa couplings meet at the unification scale to within 15%, we find the upper limit m(h) < 114 GeV in the universal supergravity model. This reverts to the usual upper bound of 130 GeV with a particular nonuniversality in the scalar spectrum. In the 5 + (5) over bar gauge-mediated model we find m(h) < 97 GeV for small tan beta and m(h) similar or equal to 116 GeV for large tan beta, and in the 10 + (1) over bar 0 model we find m(h) < 94 GeV. We discuss the implications for upcoming searches at LEP-II and the Tevatron. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Matchev, KT (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM pierce@slac.stanford.edu NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01474-9 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900013 ER PT J AU Lipkin, HJ AF Lipkin, HJ TI A useful approximate isospin equality for charmless strange B decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB A useful inequality is obtained if charmless strange B decays are assumed to be dominated by a Delta I = 0 transition like that from the gluonic penguin diagram and the contributions of all other diagrams including the tree, electroweak penguin and annihilation diagrams are small but not negligible. The interference contributions which are linear in these other amplitudes are included but the direct contributions which are quadratic are neglected. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lipkin, HJ (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. NR 4 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 403 EP 406 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01471-3 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900024 ER PT J AU Barbieri, R Hall, LJ Strumia, A AF Barbieri, R Hall, LJ Strumia, A TI Textures for atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LEPTON MASS HIERARCHY; QUARK; MATRIX AB A large theta(mu tau) mixing angle, together with hierarchies in the neutrino Delta m(2) and in the charged lepton masses, place a significant restriction on the textures of the lepton mass matrices. In theories with three light neutrinos, a simple hypothesis leads to a complete list of four zeroth-order textures for lepton mass matrices is found: three for neutrinos which naturally yield theta(mu tau) approximate to 1 with vanishing theta(e tau) and Delta m(.)(2), and one for charged leptons which naturally yields theta(mu tau) approximate to 1 with m(e) = m(mu) = theta(e tau) = 0. These textures provide suitable starting points for constructing theories which account for both atmospheric and solar neutrino fluxes. Using flavor symmetries, two schemes for such lepton masses are found, and example constructions exhibited. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP Barbieri, R (reprint author), Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. NR 24 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 407 EP 411 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01472-5 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900025 ER PT J AU Avila, C Baker, WF DeSalvo, R Eartly, DP Guss, C Jostlein, H Mondardini, MR Orear, J Pruss, SM Rubinstein, R Shukla, S Turkot, F AF Avila, C Baker, WF DeSalvo, R Eartly, DP Guss, C Jostlein, H Mondardini, MR Orear, J Pruss, SM Rubinstein, R Shukla, S Turkot, F CA E-811 Collaboration TI A measurement of the proton-antiproton total cross section at root s = 1.8 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING AMPLITUDE; DIFFRACTION DISSOCIATION; GEV-C; ENERGY; PP; ROOT-S=546; COLLISIONS; COLLIDER; TEVATRON; REAL AB We report a measurement of the p (p) over bar total cross section at root s = 1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, using the luminosity independent method. Our result is sigma(T) = 71.71 +/- 2.02 mb. We also obtained values of the total elastic and total inelastic cross sections. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Avila, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 26 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 419 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01421-X PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900027 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muanza, GS Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Particelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pedace, M Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Sakar, S Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Timmermans, C Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Villa, S Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muanza, GS Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Particelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pedace, M Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Sakar, S Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Timmermans, C Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Villa, S Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G CA L3 Collaboration TI Searches for scalar top and scalar bottom quarks in e(+)e(-) interactions at 161GeV <=root s <= 183GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-POSITRON COLLISIONS; STATE QED CORRECTIONS; W-PAIR PRODUCTION; STANDARD MODEL; L3 EXPERIMENT; MONTE-CARLO; DETECTOR; SUPERSYMMETRY; ENERGIES; LEP2/NLC AB Searches for scalar top and scalar bottom quarks have been performed at center-of-mass energies between 161 GeV and 183 GeV using the L3 detector at LEP. No signal is observed. Model-independent limits on production cross sections are determined for the two decay channels (t) over tilde --> c<(chi)over tilde>(0)(1) and (b) over tilde(1) --> b<(chi)over tilde>(0)(1). Within the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model mass limits are derived. For mass differences between (t) over tilde(1) and <(chi)over tilde>(0)(1) greater than 10 GeV a 95% C.L. limit of 81.5 GeV is set on the mass of the Supersymmetric partner of the left-handed top. A supersymmetric partner of the left-handed bottom with a mass below 80 GeV is excluded at 95% C.L. if the mass difference between bl and <(chi)over tilde>(0)(1) is greater than 20 GeV. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Univ Bucharest, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Hungarian Acad Sci, Cent Res Inst Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. CERN, European Lab Particle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. World Lab, FBLJA Project, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. Res Inst High Energy Phys, SEFT, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Nucl Phys, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Cyprus, Dept Nat Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Catholic Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago De Compostela, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mechatron & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, University, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RI Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012 OI Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 428 EP 438 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01505-6 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900029 ER PT J AU Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Fox, GF Gagnon, P Gobel, C Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lundberg, B MayTal-Beck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Mihalcea, D Milburn, RH de Miranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A d'Oliveira, AB O'Shaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dos Reis, AC Rubin, HA Sanders, DA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Sokoloff, MD Solano, J Stanton, NR Stefanski, RJ Stenson, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss-Babai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yang, SM Yi, D Yoshida, S Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C AF Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Fox, GF Gagnon, P Gobel, C Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lundberg, B MayTal-Beck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Mihalcea, D Milburn, RH de Miranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A d'Oliveira, AB O'Shaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dos Reis, AC Rubin, HA Sanders, DA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Sokoloff, MD Solano, J Stanton, NR Stefanski, RJ Stenson, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss-Babai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yang, SM Yi, D Yoshida, S Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C CA Fermilab E791 Collaboration TI Measurement of the Ds lifetime SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID D+; D0; PARTICLES; DECAYS; MESONS AB We report the results of a precise measurement of the D-s meson lifetime based on 1662 +/- 56 fully reconstructed D-s --> phi pi decays, from the charm hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab. Using an unbinned maximum likelihood fit, we measure the D-s lifetime to be 0.518 +/- 0.014 +/- 0.007 ps. The ratio of the measured D-s lifetime to the world average D-0 lifetime [1] is 1.25 +/- 0.04. This result differs from unity by six standard deviations, indicating significantly different lifetimes for the D-s and the D-0. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Aitala, EM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. RI Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013 OI Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 445 IS 3-4 BP 449 EP 454 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01476-2 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 159GW UT WOS:000078164900031 ER PT J AU Valerio-Lepiniec, M Miksovska, J Schiffer, M Hanson, DK Sebban, P AF Valerio-Lepiniec, M Miksovska, J Schiffer, M Hanson, DK Sebban, P TI Mutations in the environment of the primary quinone facilitate proton delivery to the secondary quinone in bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; MUTANT REACTION CENTERS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; BINDING-SITE; WILD-TYPE; PROTEIN; Q(B); PATHWAY; RESOLUTION AB In Rhodobacter capsulatus, we constructed a quadruple mutant that reversed a structural asymmetry that contributes to the functional asymmetry of the two quinone sites. In the photosynthetically incompetent quadruple mutant RQ, two acidic residues near Q(B), L212Glu and L213Asp, have been mutated to Ala; conversely, in the Q(A) pocket, the symmetry-related residues M246Ala and M247Ala have been mutated to Glu and Asp. We have selected photocompetent phenotypic revertants (designated RQrev3 and RQrev4) that carry compensatory mutations in both the Q(A) and Q(B) pockets. Near Q(A), the M246Ala --> Glu mutation remains in both revertants, but M247Asp is replaced by Tyr in RQrev3 and by Ala in RQrev4. The engineered L212Ala and L213Ala substitutions remain in the Q(B) site of both revertants but are accompanied by an additional electrostatic-type mutation. To probe the respective influences of the mutations occurring near the Q(A) and Q(B) sites on electron and proton transfer, we have constructed two additional types of strains. First, "half" revertants were constructed that couple the Q(B) site of the revertants with a wild-type Q(A) site. Second, the Q(A) sites of the two revertants were linked with the L212Glu-L213Asp --> Ala-Ala mutations of the Q(B) site. We have studied the electron and proton-transfer kinetics on the first and second flashes in reaction centers from these strains by flash-induced absorption spectroscopy. Our data demonstrate that substantial improvements of the proton-transfer capabilities occur in the strains carrying the M246Ala --> Glu + M247Ala --> Tyr mutations near Q(A). interestingly, this is not observed when only the M246Ala --> Glu mutation is present in the Q(A) pocket. We suggest that the M247Ala --> Tyr mutation in the Q(A) pocket, or possibly the coupled M246Ala --> Glu + M247Ala --> Tyr mutations, accelerates the uptake and delivery of protons to the Q(B) anions. The M247Tyr substitution may enable additional pathways for proton transfer that are located near Q(A). C1 CNRS, Ctr Genet Mol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sebban, P (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Genet Mol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 5 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 1 BP 390 EP 398 DI 10.1021/bi980500t PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 170YW UT WOS:000078835800045 PM 9890921 ER PT J AU Barrow, MP Cammack, JK Goebel, M Wasser, IM Vollhardt, KPC Drewello, T AF Barrow, MP Cammack, JK Goebel, M Wasser, IM Vollhardt, KPC Drewello, T TI Penta(cyclopentadienyl)-eta(5)-cyclopentadienylmanganesetricarbonyl: structure and laser-induced conversion to fullerenes SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COALESCENCE REACTIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DESORPTION; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; C-60; FRAGMENTATION; PRECURSOR AB The title compound [Cp5CpMn(CO)(3)], 1, has been characterized by X-ray and shown by laser-induced desorption/ionization (LDI) to undergo dissociative coalescence to fullerene C-60 and other carbon clusters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Drewello, T (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RI Barrow, Mark/C-3145-2009 OI Barrow, Mark/0000-0002-6474-5357 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1999 VL 572 IS 1 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0022-328X(98)00940-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 159RF UT WOS:000078187300017 ER PT J AU Zhao, YC Aziz, MJ Gossmann, HJ Mitha, S Schiferl, D AF Zhao, YC Aziz, MJ Gossmann, HJ Mitha, S Schiferl, D TI Activation volume for boron diffusion in silicon and implications for strained films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOPANT DIFFUSION; SELF-DIFFUSION; POINT-DEFECTS; PRESSURE; SI AB The diffusivity of B in Si is enhanced by pressure, characterized by an activation volume of V* = -0.17+/-0.01 times the atomic volume; V* is close to the formation volume of the self-interstitial determined by atomistic calculations. The results for hydrostatic pressure are used to make predictions for the effect of biaxial strain on diffusion. Assuming an interstitial-based mechanism and a range of values for the anisotropy in the migration volume, comparison is made between our results, the atomistic calculations, and the measured dependence of B diffusion on biaxial strain. We find a qualitative consistency for an interstitial-based mechanism with the measured strain effect on diffusion in Si-Ge alloys, but not with the measured strain effect in pure Si. Experiments and calculations to determine the origin of this discrepancy are discussed. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03801-2]. C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Charles Evans & Associates, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhao, YC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 18 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 1 BP 31 EP 33 DI 10.1063/1.123123 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TA UT WOS:000077791800011 ER PT J AU Bracht, H Haller, EE Eberl, K Cardona, M AF Bracht, H Haller, EE Eberl, K Cardona, M TI Self- and interdiffusion in AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs isotope heterostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AL-GA INTERDIFFUSION; POINT-DEFECTS; DIFFUSION; VACANCY AB We report self- and interdiffusion studies between 800 and 1160 degrees C in buried (AlGaAs)-Ga-71/(AlGaAs)-Ga-69/(GaAs)-Ga-71 and AlAs/(GaAs)-Ga-71 isotope heterostructures. Ga diffusion at (AlGaAs)-Ga-71-(AlGaAs)-Ga-69 interfaces was found to decrease with increasing Al content. Al-Ga interdiffusion at AlGaAs-GaAs and AlAs-GaAs interfaces reveals a concentration dependent interdiffusion coefficient. The temperature dependence of Ga and Al diffusion in GaAs and of Ga diffusion in AlGaAs is described by a single activation enthalpy in the range of 3.6+/-0.1 eV, but with different pre-exponential factors. The experimentally observed higher Al diffusion in GaAs compared to Ga self-diffusion as well as the decreasing Ga diffusion with increasing Al content is explained. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04501-5]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Bracht, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bracht@nwz.uni-muenster.de; eehaller@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 1 BP 49 EP 51 DI 10.1063/1.123129 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TA UT WOS:000077791800017 ER PT J AU Cantoni, C Norton, DP Kroeger, DM Paranthaman, M Christen, DK Verebelyi, D Feenstra, R Lee, DF Specht, ED Boffa, V Pace, S AF Cantoni, C Norton, DP Kroeger, DM Paranthaman, M Christen, DK Verebelyi, D Feenstra, R Lee, DF Specht, ED Boffa, V Pace, S TI Phase stability for the in situ growth of Nd1+xBa2-xCu3Oy films using pulsed-laser deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; NDBA2CU3OY SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; HEAT-TREATMENT; PRESSURE; OXYGEN AB We have determined the stability line in the 1/T-log[P(O-2)] phase space for the synthesis of Nd1-xBa2-xCu3Oy (NdBCO) films. A systematic study of T-c, J(c), and rho(T) dependence on oxygen partial pressure and temperature for the deposition of thin NdBCO films grown by pulsed-laser deposition was performed. The conditions for optimal NdBCO film growth were determined by varying oxygen partial pressure from 0.02 to 400 mTorr, and substrate temperature between 730 and 800 degrees C. The results show that the best NdBCO films are obtained at oxygen pressures in the range of 0.2-1.2 mTorr, depending on the substrate temperature. This is more than two orders-of-magnitude lower than the correspondent oxygen pressure appropriate for YBa2Cu3O7-delta film growth. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00201-6]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ctr Ric Enea Frascati, I-00044 Rome, Italy. Univ Salerno, I-84081 Salerno, Italy. RP Cantoni, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021 NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 1 BP 96 EP 98 DI 10.1063/1.123162 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TA UT WOS:000077791800033 ER PT J AU Levine, ZH Kalukin, AR Frigo, SP McNulty, I Kuhn, M AF Levine, ZH Kalukin, AR Frigo, SP McNulty, I Kuhn, M TI Tomographic reconstruction of an integrated circuit interconnect SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY; POROUS-MEDIA; RESOLUTION; CT AB An Al-W-silica integrated circuit interconnect sample was thinned to several mu m and scanned across a 200 nm focal spot of a Fresnel zone plate operating at photon energy of 1573 eV. The experiment was performed on beamline 2-ID-B of the Advanced Photon Source, a third-generation synchrotron facility. Thirteen scanned projections of the sample were acquired over the angular range +/-69.2 degrees. At least 301 X 301 pixels were acquired at each angle with a step size of 77 X 57 nm. A three-dimensional image with an approximate uncertainty of 400 nm was reconstructed from projection data using a standard algorithm. The two layers of the integrated circuit and the presence of the focused ion beam markers on the surface of the sample are clearly shown in the reconstruction. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03701-8]. C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Digital Equipment Corp, Hudson, MA 01749 USA. RP Levine, ZH (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 16 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 1 BP 150 EP 152 DI 10.1063/1.123135 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152TA UT WOS:000077791800051 ER PT J AU Snyder, F AF Snyder, F TI The ether lipid trail: a historical perspective SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS LA English DT Review ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR; ACETYL-COA ACETYLTRANSFERASE; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; FACTOR PAF; FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE; RABBIT PLATELETS; HL-60 CELLS; RAT SPLEEN; ACYLDIHYDROXYACETONE PHOSPHATE C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Snyder, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 158 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-1981 J9 BBA-MOL CELL BIOL L JI BBA-Mol. Cell. Biol. Lipids PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 1436 IS 3 BP 265 EP 278 DI 10.1016/S0005-2760(98)00172-6 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 176PA UT WOS:000079159400001 PM 9989259 ER PT J AU Alcaraz, A Whipple, RE Gregg, HR Andresen, BD Grant, PM AF Alcaraz, A Whipple, RE Gregg, HR Andresen, BD Grant, PM TI Analysis of tetrodotoxin SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE tetrodotoxin; electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY AB Law enforcement personnel interdicted an illegal shipment of a chemical suspected to be an illicit drug. However, literature within the package indicated that the substance was actually tetrodotoxin, a potent marine neurotoxin. Analyses of the questioned samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed no evidence for the presence of illicit drugs, but this technique was ineffectual for the identification of tetrodotoxin. Direct-inlet-probe mass spectrometry was likewise unable to characterize the chemical identity of the subject material. Electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry was implemented to successfully identify the interdicted substance as tetrodotoxin. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Grant, PM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, L-178, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 1 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0379-0738(98)00171-6 PG 11 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 166BP UT WOS:000078556600004 ER PT J AU Jonsson, K Cederwall, B Johnson, A Wyss, R Back, T Cederkall, J Devlin, M Elson, J LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Sarantites, DG Clark, RM Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW AF Jonsson, K Cederwall, B Johnson, A Wyss, R Back, T Cederkall, J Devlin, M Elson, J LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Sarantites, DG Clark, RM Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Macleod, RW TI Collective excitations and band termination in Nb-85 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Ni-58(Ca-40,p3 alpha); E = 185 MeV; measured E-gamma, I-gamma, gamma gamma-; (charged particle)gamma-coin; Nb-85 deduced high-spin levels; J; pi; rotational bands features; B(M1)/B(E2); cranked mean field calculations ID NUCLEI; STATES; REGION AB High-spin states in Nb-85 were studied using the GAMMASPHERE Ge detector array and the MICROBALL charged-particle detector system. Three gamma-ray cascades with collective rotational characteristics were observed. One of the bands exhibits a forking at the top, most likely reflecting the termination of one branch into a favoured non-collective, near spherical state. The data are interpreted in terms of cranked Strutinsky-type calculations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jonsson, K (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013; Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014; OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656; Back, Torbjorn/0000-0003-1996-0805 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 645 IS 1 BP 47 EP 60 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00603-4 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 156TJ UT WOS:000078017900004 ER PT J AU Cocks, JFC Hawcroft, D Amzal, N Butler, PA Cann, KJ Greenlees, PT Jones, GD Asztalos, S Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Stephens, FS Jones, P Julin, R Broda, R Fornal, B Smith, JF Lauritsen, T Bhattacharyya, P Zhang, CT AF Cocks, JFC Hawcroft, D Amzal, N Butler, PA Cann, KJ Greenlees, PT Jones, GD Asztalos, S Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Stephens, FS Jones, P Julin, R Broda, R Fornal, B Smith, JF Lauritsen, T Bhattacharyya, P Zhang, CT TI Spectroscopy of Rn, Ra and Th isotopes using multi-nucleon transfer reactions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Th-232(Xe-136,X); E = 833 MeV; measured E-gamma, I-gamma, gamma-gamma-gamma-coin; Rn-218,Rn-220,Rn-222; Ra-222,Ra-224,Ra-226,Ra-228, Th-228,Th-230,Th-234 deduced high-spin levels; J, pi, B(E1)/B(E2); octupole deformation; multi-nucleon transfer reactions ID STABLE OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION; COINCIDENCE DATA SETS; HIGH-SPIN; CONTRASTING BEHAVIOR; COLLECTIVE STATES; ROTATIONAL BANDS; E1 TRANSITIONS; DIPOLE-MOMENTS; DECAY; PARAMETERS AB High-spin spectroscopy of Rn, Ra and Th isotopes has been performed. The nuclei have been populated using multi-nucleon transfer reactions involving a Th-232 target and a Xe-136 projectile. This type of reaction offers the only mechanism for populating high-spin states in many of these nuclei. Interleaving bands with opposite parities have been observed to high spin (similar to 28 (h) over bar) in Rn-218.220.222, Ra-222.224.226.228 and Th-228.230.234. A systematic study of the rotational alignment properties of octupole bands in radon, radium and thorium isotopes reveals information concerning the role of the octupole phonon and the onset of stable octupole deformation with increasing rotational frequency. Measurement of the magnitude of the intrinsic electric dipole moment, D-0, provides additional information concerning the strength of octupole interactions in these nuclei. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Accelerator Lab, FIN-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cocks, JFC (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. OI Butler, Peter/0000-0001-6080-9205 NR 41 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 645 IS 1 BP 61 EP 91 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00586-7 PG 31 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 156TJ UT WOS:000078017900005 ER PT J AU Veil, JA Smith, KP AF Veil, JA Smith, KP TI NORM-disposal options, costs vary SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Water Policy Program, Washington, DC 20002 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Syst Engn Sect, Lakewood, CO 80226 USA. RP Veil, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Water Policy Program, Washington, DC 20002 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 97 IS 1 BP 37 EP + PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 154XC UT WOS:000077914500020 ER PT J AU Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Astur, R Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Balamurali, V Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Boswell, C Brandt, A Breedon, R Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Coney, L Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C Cullen-Vidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fatyga, MK Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gobbi, B Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hernandez-Montoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jesik, R Joffe-Minor, T Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Ko, W Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kunori, S Landry, F Landsberg, G Lauer, B Leflat, A Li, J Li-Demarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Magana-Mendoza, L Manankov, V Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mostafa, M da Motta, H Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Nemethy, P Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oliveira, E Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Para, A Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, N Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Thomas, TLT Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Wu, Z Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yip, K Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, B Zhou, Y Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Astur, R Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Balamurali, V Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Boswell, C Brandt, A Breedon, R Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Coney, L Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C Cullen-Vidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fatyga, MK Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gobbi, B Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hernandez-Montoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jesik, R Joffe-Minor, T Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Ko, W Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kunori, S Landry, F Landsberg, G Lauer, B Leflat, A Li, J Li-Demarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Magana-Mendoza, L Manankov, V Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mostafa, M da Motta, H Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Nemethy, P Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oliveira, E Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Para, A Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, N Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Thomas, TLT Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Wu, Z Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yip, K Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, B Zhou, Y Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Search for squarks and gluinos in single-photon events with jets and large missing transverse energy in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; FERMILAB TEVATRON; LIGHT GRAVITINO; COLLIDER; PYTHIA-5.7; DETECTOR; SIGNALS; DECAY; MODEL; LEP AB We search for new physics using events with one high transverse energy photon, two or more jets, and an apparent imbalance in transverse energy, in p (p) over bar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron at root s = 1.8 TeV. Such events are predicted for production of supersymmetric particles in some models. No excess is observed beyond expected background. For the parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with branching fraction B(<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2) --> gamma<(chi)over tilde>(0)(1)) = and m<(chi)over tilde>(0)(2) - m<(chi)over tilde>(0)(1) > 20 GeV, we obtain a 95% confidence level lower mass limit of 310 GeV for equal mass squarks and gluinos. The results are also interpreted in models with low energy gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking. [S0031-9007(98)08065-X]. C1 NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Kyungsung Univ, Pusan 608736, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Abbott, B (reprint author), NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. RI Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016 OI Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108 NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.29 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000008 ER PT J AU Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Astur, R Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Balamurali, V Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Boswell, C Brandt, A Breedon, R Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Coney, L Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C Cullen-Vidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP Dieh, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fatyga, MK Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gobbi, B Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hernandez-Montoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jesik, R Joffe-Minor, T Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Ko, W Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kunori, S Landry, F Landsberg, G Lauer, B Leflat, A Li, J Li-Demarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Magana-Mendoza, L Manankov, V Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mostafa, M da Motta, H Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Nemethy, P Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oliveira, E Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Para, A Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Thomas, TLT Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Wu, Z Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yip, K Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, B Zhou, Y Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abbott, B Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Astur, R Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Baden, A Balamurali, V Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Barberis, E Baringer, P Bartlett, JF Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Boswell, C Brandt, A Breedon, R Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Coney, L Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C Cullen-Vidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI Davis, K De, K Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Denisov, D Denisov, SP Dieh, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Fatyga, MK Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gartung, P Gavrilov, V Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gibbard, B Gobbi, B Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Guglielmo, G Guida, JA Guida, JM Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hernandez-Montoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jesik, R Joffe-Minor, T Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kim, SK Klima, B Klopfenstein, C Ko, W Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kunori, S Landry, F Landsberg, G Lauer, B Leflat, A Li, J Li-Demarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R Magana-Mendoza, L Manankov, V Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McDonald, J McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mincer, A Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P Mostafa, M da Motta, H Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Nemethy, P Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oliveira, E Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Para, A Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Piegaia, R Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Thomas, TLT Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Wu, Z Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yip, K Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhang, B Zhou, Y Zhou, Z Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA D0 Collaboration TI Small angle J/psi production in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; D0 DETECTOR; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; TRIGGER; TEVATRON AB This paper presents the first measurement of inclusive J/psi production cross section in the forward pseudorapidity region 2.5 less than or equal to \eta(J/psi)\ less than or equal to 3.7 in p (p) over tilde collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV. The results are based on 9.8 pb(-1) of data collected using the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The inclusive J/psi cross section for transverse momenta between I and 16 GeV/c is compared with theoretical models of charmonium production. [S0031-9007(98)08183-6]. C1 NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Kyungsung Univ, Pusan 608736, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Abbott, B (reprint author), NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. RI Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013 OI Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 24 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.35 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000009 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Antoniazzi, L Arenton, M Ballagh, HC Bingham, H Blankman, A Block, M Boden, A Bonomi, G Cao, ZL Chen, TY Clark, K Cline, D Conetti, S Cooper, M Corti, G Cox, B Creti, P Dukes, EC Durandet, C Elia, V Erwin, AR Fortney, L Golovatyuk, V Gorini, E Grancagnolo, F Hagan-Ingram, K Haire, M Hanlet, P Introzzi, G Jenkins, M Judd, D Kononenko, W Kowald, W Lau, K Ledovskoy, A Liguori, G Lys, J Mazur, PO McManus, AP Misawa, S Mo, GH Murphy, CT Nelson, K Panareo, M Pogosyan, V Ramachandran, S Rhoades, J Selove, W Smith, RP Spiegel, L Sun, JG Tokar, S Torre, P Trischuk, J Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Wang, CR Wei, C Yang, W Yao, N Zhang, NJ Zou, BT AF Alexopoulos, T Antoniazzi, L Arenton, M Ballagh, HC Bingham, H Blankman, A Block, M Boden, A Bonomi, G Cao, ZL Chen, TY Clark, K Cline, D Conetti, S Cooper, M Corti, G Cox, B Creti, P Dukes, EC Durandet, C Elia, V Erwin, AR Fortney, L Golovatyuk, V Gorini, E Grancagnolo, F Hagan-Ingram, K Haire, M Hanlet, P Introzzi, G Jenkins, M Judd, D Kononenko, W Kowald, W Lau, K Ledovskoy, A Liguori, G Lys, J Mazur, PO McManus, AP Misawa, S Mo, GH Murphy, CT Nelson, K Panareo, M Pogosyan, V Ramachandran, S Rhoades, J Selove, W Smith, RP Spiegel, L Sun, JG Tokar, S Torre, P Trischuk, J Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Wang, CR Wei, C Yang, W Yao, N Zhang, NJ Zou, BT TI Measurement of the b(b)over-bar cross section in 800 GeV/c proton-silicon interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EMULSION INTERACTIONS; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; BOTTOM PRODUCTION; QUARK PRODUCTION; HEAVY QUARKS; CHARM; HADROPRODUCTION AB The cross section for b (b) over bar production in 800 GeV/c pN interactions has been measured in Fermilab, experiment E771 to be 43(-17)(+27)(stat)(-7)(+7)(syst) nb per nucleon from the observation of events in which both the b and the (b) over bar decay semimuonically or a B decays into a J/psi followed by J/psi --> mu(+)mu(-). [S0031-9007(98)07987-3]. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Comenius Univ, Bratislava, Slovakia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Nanjing Univ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Prairie View A&M, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Vanier Coll, St Laurent, PQ H4L 3X9, Canada. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Alexopoulos, T (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016 OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553 NR 24 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 41 EP 44 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.41 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000010 ER PT J AU Frolov, VV Adams, GS Ahmidouch, A Armstrong, CS Assamagan, K Avery, S Baker, OK Bosted, P Burkert, V Carlini, R Davidson, RM Dunne, J Eden, T Ent, R Gaskell, D Gueye, P Hinton, W Keppel, C Kim, W Klusman, M Koltenuk, D Mack, D Madey, R Meekins, D Minehart, R Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Mukhopadhyay, NC Napolitano, J Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Nozar, M Price, JW Stoler, P Tadevosian, V Tang, L Witkowski, M Wood, S AF Frolov, VV Adams, GS Ahmidouch, A Armstrong, CS Assamagan, K Avery, S Baker, OK Bosted, P Burkert, V Carlini, R Davidson, RM Dunne, J Eden, T Ent, R Gaskell, D Gueye, P Hinton, W Keppel, C Kim, W Klusman, M Koltenuk, D Mack, D Madey, R Meekins, D Minehart, R Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Mukhopadhyay, NC Napolitano, J Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Nozar, M Price, JW Stoler, P Tadevosian, V Tang, L Witkowski, M Wood, S TI Electroproduction of the Delta(1232) resonance at high momentum transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; N-DELTA TRANSITION; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; HIGH Q(2); AMPLITUDES; REGION; RATIO; MODEL; Q2 AB We studied the electroproduction of the Delta(1232) resonance via the reaction p(e,e'p) pi(0) at four-momentum transfers Q(2) = 2.8 and 4.0 GeV2. This is the highest Q(2) for which exclusive resonance electroproduction has ever been observed. Decay angular distributions for Delta --> p pi(0) were measured over a wide range of barycentric energies covering the resonance. The N-Delta transition form factor G(M)* and ratios of resonant multipoles E1+/M1+ and S1+/M1+ were extracted from the decay angular distributions. These ratios remain small, indicating that perturbative QCD is not applicable for this reaction at these momentum transfers. [S0031-9007(98)08126-5]. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. American Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20016 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Frolov, VV (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 30 TC 183 Z9 185 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.45 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000011 ER PT J AU Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W MacGowan, BJ Estabrook, KG De Groot, JD Zimmerman, GB Baldis, HA Harte, JA Lee, RW Williams, EA Wilson, BG AF Glenzer, SH Rozmus, W MacGowan, BJ Estabrook, KG De Groot, JD Zimmerman, GB Baldis, HA Harte, JA Lee, RW Williams, EA Wilson, BG TI Thomson scattering from high-Z laser-produced plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; FUSION; WAVES; LIGHT AB We present the first simultaneous observations of ion acoustic and electron plasma waves in laser-produced dense plasmas with Thomson scattering. In addition to measuring the standard plasma parameters, electron temperature and density, this novel experimental technique is shown to be a sensitive method for temporally and spatially resolved measurements of the averaged ionization stage of the plasma. Experiments with highly ionized gold plasmas clearly show that the inclusion of dielectronic recombination in radiation-hydrodynamic modeling is critically important to model cooling plasmas. [S0031-9007(98)08073-9]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Lasers Sci Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Plasma Res Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Glenzer, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-399,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 28 TC 111 Z9 121 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.97 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000024 ER PT J AU Stevens, MJ AF Stevens, MJ TI Bundle binding in polyelectrolyte solutions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MULTIVALENT SALTS; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATION; ATTRACTION; MODEL; DNA AB Stiff polyelectrolytes are found to spontaneously form oriented bundles. Conditions under which bundling occurs are found. Molecular dynamics simulations show that divalent counterions are necessary, and the chains must be sufficiently long and stiff. No aggregation occurs for monovalent counterions. For flexible or short chains, aggregation occurs but bundle formation does not. Because of dynamical constraints, the systems tend to order into a network of connected bundles, not a single bundle. [S0031-9007(98)08120-4]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 101 EP 104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000025 ER PT J AU Gavioli, L Kimberlin, KR Tringides, MC Wendelken, JF Zhang, ZY AF Gavioli, L Kimberlin, KR Tringides, MC Wendelken, JF Zhang, ZY TI Novel growth of Ag islands on Si(III): Plateaus with a singular height SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SCHOTTKY-BARRIER; QUANTUM SIZE; GAP STATES; SI(111); GAAS(110); SURFACE; FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY AB Growth and transport properties of thin Ag films on Si(lll) are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and in situ resistivity measurements. At low coverage, the Ag adatoms form isolated islands with a strongly preferred height and flat tops, rather than commonly observed pyramids. Such plateaus increase their lateral extent with coverage without changing height, forming a percolated network with sharply reduced resistivity above a critical coverage. This behavior suggests how the quantized electrons confined in the Ag islands could influence the growth, and may provide a unique pathway to prepare nanometer-scale structures with intriguing mesoscopic properties. [S0031-9007(98)08044-2]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Gavioli, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Gavioli, Luca/G-5268-2010 OI Gavioli, Luca/0000-0003-2782-7414 NR 27 TC 166 Z9 169 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.129 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000032 ER PT J AU Collins, PG Grossman, JC Cote, M Ishigami, M Piskoti, C Louie, SG Cohen, ML Zettl, A AF Collins, PG Grossman, JC Cote, M Ishigami, M Piskoti, C Louie, SG Cohen, ML Zettl, A TI Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of C-36 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID C-60; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CARBON AB The local density of electronic states N(E) has been measured on C-36 thin films using scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS). A 0.8 eV energy gap and sharp features in N(E) with widths as small as 0.2 eV can be ascribed to the discrete molecular energy levels predicted for the C-36 molecule, broadened by intermolecular interactions. However, a more complete agreement between the experimental results and theoretical predictions occurs if the system is modeled as covalently bonded C-36 dimers and trimers. These results confirm the molecular nature of C-36 as well as its higher reactivity as compared to larger size fullerenes. [S0031-9007(98)08156-3]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Collins, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cote, Michel/H-3942-2012; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Cote, Michel/0000-0001-9046-9491; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 14 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.165 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000041 ER PT J AU Gorny, K Vyaselev, OM Martindale, JA Nandor, VA Pennington, CH Hammel, PC Hults, WL Smith, JL Kuhns, PL Reyes, AP Moulton, WG AF Gorny, K Vyaselev, OM Martindale, JA Nandor, VA Pennington, CH Hammel, PC Hults, WL Smith, JL Kuhns, PL Reyes, AP Moulton, WG TI Magnetic field independence of the spin gap in YBa2Cu3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RELAXATION; RESONANCE; NMR AB We report, for magnetic fields of 0, 8.8, and 14.8 T, measurements of the temperature dependent Cu-63 NMR spin lattice relaxation rate for near optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta, near and above T-c. In sharp contrast with previous work we find no magnetic field dependence. We discuss experimental issues arising in measurements of this required precision and implications of the experiment regarding issues including the spin gap or pseudogap. [S0031-9007(98)08138-1]. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Gorny, K (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 16 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.177 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 154KA UT WOS:000077887000044 ER PT J AU Nagatomi, T Shimizu, R Ritchie, RH AF Nagatomi, T Shimizu, R Ritchie, RH TI Energy loss functions for electron energy loss spectroscopy SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electron-solid interactions; plasmons; theoretical methods ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; LOSS SPECTRA; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SURFACE EXCITATIONS; BACKGROUND REMOVAL; PLASMON EXCITATION; SOLID-SURFACE; SELF-ENERGY AB Losses to surface excitations affect experimental data in several different kinds of spectroscopies and have been considered in detail by various workers. We discuss and compare calculations using commonly assumed response functions. The boundary (begrenzung) effect, originating in the orthogonality of surface and bulk eigenmodes, manifests interesting interference in the loss functions. The variation of static electron density in the selvage of a metal is known to affect the dispersion of surface excitations. The effect of this structure on energy loss spectra is studied. Analytical forms of the kind studied can be employed in practical data analysis if parameterized to correspond with more rigorous, but time-consuming, numerical results such as those found from density functional methods. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Osaka Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Appl Phys, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. RP Ritchie, RH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ekr@ornl.gov NR 53 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 419 IS 2-3 BP 158 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00776-6 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 158NR UT WOS:000078122100011 ER PT J AU Henderson, MA AF Henderson, MA TI Surface perspective on self-diffusion in rutile TiO2 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diffusion and migration; electron energy loss spectroscopy; ion bombardment; secondary ion mass spectroscopy; single crystal surfaces; sputtering; titanium oxide ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; NON-STOICHIOMETRIC RUTILE; OXYGEN-DEFICIENT RUTILE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL RUTILE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; NONSTOICHIOMETRIC RUTILE; POINT-DEFECTS; ISOTHERMAL TRANSPORT; TIO2(001) SURFACES AB Although there has been considerable debate in the solid state literature regarding oxygen vacancy versus titanium interstitial models for point defect diffusion in rutile TiO2, ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) surface scientists have all but unanimously adopted the oxygen vacancy model in explaining mass transport phenomena occurring between the bulk and surface. This unanimity, however, has not arisen from detailed mechanistic studies, but from a general misunderstanding that surface oxygen and titanium concentration changes measured by techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) can be interpreted mechanistically. This thinking is especially pervasive in investigations of the bulk-assisted reoxidation of ion sputtered TiO2 surfaces. It is well known that ion sputtering TiO2 preferentially depletes the surface of oxygen until a steady-state level of surface reduction has been established. The surface stoichiometry of the sputtered TiO2 surface can be restored when annealing in UHV through transport of sputter damage to the bulk. In this paper, the mechanism of the bulk-assisted reoxidation of ion sputtered TiO2 is addressed by monitoring the diffusion of oxygen and titanium in the O-18 and Ti-46 isotopically enriched surfaces of TiO2(110) using static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SSIMS). The sputtered TiO2(110) surface remains heavily reduced <400 K, but the O-to-Ti ratio increases slowly above ca 400 K and rapidly above ca 700 K. No diffusion is detected between the surface and bulk <400 K, however diffusion of both oxygen and titanium are detected between ca 400 and 700 K but without a significant change in the stoichiometry of the surface. This is interpreted to mixing within the sputtered film since angle-resolved photoemission studies in the literature have shown that sputtered TiO2 surfaces possess a concentration gradient of reduced titanium cations normal to the surface. Above 700 K, only titanium diffusion from the surface to the bulk is detected. These data suggest that the major diffusive species responsible for the bulk-assisted reoxidation of ion sputtered TiO2 surfaces is titanium cations and not oxygen anions/vacancies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma.henderson@pnl.gov NR 95 TC 189 Z9 189 U1 15 U2 113 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 419 IS 2-3 BP 174 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00778-X PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 158NR UT WOS:000078122100012 ER PT J AU Hein, M Dumas, P Otto, A Williams, GP AF Hein, M Dumas, P Otto, A Williams, GP TI Friction of conduction electrons with adsorbates - Simultaneous changes of DC resistance and broadband IR reflectance of thin Cu(111) films exposed to CO SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; conductivity; copper; jellium models; metallic films; reflection spectroscopy; surface electrical transport; titanium oxide ID SURFACE RESISTIVITY; INFRARED REFLECTANCE; CU(100); METAL; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; MOLECULES; DYNAMICS; OXYGEN; LAYERS AB We present an experimental study of the simultaneous changes induced by CO adsorption in the DC resistivity and broadband IR reflectance of thin Cu (111)-oriented epitaxial films over the spectral range 180-3000 cm(-1). The experiments were carried out at the synchrotron infrared beamline U4IR at the NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory. A linear relationship is found between the DC resistivity change and the asymptotic limit of the IR reflectance change, and a quantitative comparison is made with the model of diffuse scattering. of the conduction electrons by the adsorbates. Despite various adsorption states and geometrics for CO on Cu(lll) as a Function of coverage, no departure from a linear dependence was observed. In addition, the integrated intensity of the CO stretch mode at 2072 cm(-1) shows saturation with increasing coverage far before saturation of the resistance and reflectance change. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Dusseldorf, Lehrstuhl Oberflachenwissensch, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91405 Orsay, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LASIR, CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Otto, A (reprint author), Univ Dusseldorf, Lehrstuhl Oberflachenwissensch, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. EM otto@uni-duesseldorf.de NR 38 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 4 PY 1999 VL 419 IS 2-3 BP 308 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00815-2 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 158NR UT WOS:000078122100024 ER PT S AU Bujak, M Burkhart, S Cerjan, C Kearney, P Moore, C Prisbrey, S Sweeney, D Tong, W Vernon, S Walton, C Warrick, A Weber, F Wedowski, M Wilhelmsen, K Bokor, J Jeong, S Cardinale, G Ray-Chaudhuri, A Stivers, A Tenjil, E Yan, P Hector, S Nguyen, K AF Bujak, M Burkhart, S Cerjan, C Kearney, P Moore, C Prisbrey, S Sweeney, D Tong, W Vernon, S Walton, C Warrick, A Weber, F Wedowski, M Wilhelmsen, K Bokor, J Jeong, S Cardinale, G Ray-Chaudhuri, A Stivers, A Tenjil, E Yan, P Hector, S Nguyen, K BE Behringer, U TI Mask technology for EUV lithography SO 15TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON MASK TECHNOLOGY FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND MICROCOMPONENTS '98 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th European Conference on Mask Technology for Integrated Circuits and Microcomponents CY NOV 16-17, 1998 CL MUNICH UNTERHACHING, GERMANY SP VDE/VDI Soc Microelectr Micro & Precis Engn, Germany, Inst Microstruct Technol, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Germany, SEMI Europe, Semiconductor Equipment & Mat Int, BACUS, US, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE extreme ultraviolet lithography; masks; multilayers; defects; inspection; mask blanks ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; RAY PROJECTION LITHOGRAPHY; SCATTERING; REFLECTION; COATINGS; DEFECTS; OPTICS; DESIGN AB Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) is one of the leading candidates for the next generation lithography, which will decrease critical feature size to below 100 nm within 5 years. EUVL uses 10 - 14 nm light as envisioned by the EUV Limited Liability Company, a consortium formed by Intel and supported by Motorola and AMD to perform R&D work at three national laboratories (called the "Virtual National Laboratory" or VNL). Much work has already taken place, with the first prototypical cameras operational at 13.4 nm using low energy laser plasma EW light sources to investigate issues including the source, camera, electro-mechanical and system issues, photoresists, and of course the masks. EUV lithography masks are fundamentally different than conventional photolithographic masks as they are reflective instead of transmissive. EUV light at 13.4 nm is rapidly absorbed by most materials, thus all light transmission within the EUVL system from source to silicon wafer, including EW reflected from the mask, is performed by multilayer mirrors in vacuum. EW mask blanks are currently fabricated on polished 150 mm silicon substrates. Forty layer-pairs of Mo/Si are deposited by ion-beam sputter deposition, in an automatic, robotic deposition system. The primary challenge for mask blank production is defect-free blanks, because presently there is no conceived technique for repairing defects buried within the multilayer mirror stack. These defects arise from the silicon substrates, handling, and deposition-introduce defects. Modeling suggests that defects larger than 30 nm may print, which sets the present limit on defect detection, classification, and elimination. An extensive experimental and modeling effort is underway within the VNL on defect reduction, and tremendous strides have been made on tool development for detection at optical and EUV wavelengths as well as defect elimination within the deposition tool itself. Program goals by the year 2001 are to achieve less than 10(-2)/cm(2) defects at a detection threshold of 50 nm PSL (Polystyrene latex sphere equivalent). Completed mask blanks currently exhibit mean total defect rates of 0.2/cm(2) @ 130nm PSL, at a reflectivity efficiency of >67% measured using synchrotron radiation. EUV-LLC member companies are experimenting with patterning mask blanks and developing repair strategies for various types of mask patterning defects. Completed masks have been used to expose wafers using the exposure cameras at the VNL, to evaluate line-edge roughness, minimum feature size, photoresist performance, and system operational issues. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bujak, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3139-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3665 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1117/12.346225 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BN09W UT WOS:000080684500005 ER PT S AU Nigg, DW AF Nigg, DW BE Salmenhaara, S TI Some aspects of the use of the TRIGA reactors as neutron sources for BNCT in the USA SO 15TH EUROPEAN TRIGA CONFERENCE SE VTT SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th European Triga Conference CY JUN 15-17, 1998 CL ESPOO, FINLAND SP Gen Atom, Fortum Power & Heat Ltd, Ind Power Co Ltd, Sorrento Electr Inc, VTT Chem Technol C1 INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Nigg, DW (reprint author), INEEL, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE FINLAND PI ESPOO PA INFORMATION SERVICE, PO BOX 2000, FIN-02044 VT ESPOO, FINLAND SN 0357-9387 BN 951-38-5273-3 J9 VTT SYMP PY 1999 VL 197 BP 141 EP 154 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BQ36F UT WOS:000088122300013 ER PT S AU Pennington, DM Brown, CG Kartz, M Landon, M Perry, MD Tietbohl, G AF Pennington, DM Brown, CG Kartz, M Landon, M Perry, MD Tietbohl, G GP SPIE SPIE TI Production of high intensity laser pulses with adaptive optic wavefront correction SO 18TH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR OPTICS: OPTICS FOR THE NEXT MILLENNIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics - Optics for the Next Millennium CY AUG 02-06, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Physical Soc, IEEE Lasers & electro Optics Soc, OSA Optical Soc Amer, Int Comm Optics, US Advisory Comm Int Commiss Opt AB We have developed a Ti:sapphire/Nd:glass laser system which produces > 1.25 PW peak power. An irradiance of 10(20) - 10(21) W/cm(2) is achieved utilizing an on-axis parabolic minor, with adaptive optic wavefront correction. Experimental results will be described. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Pennington, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3234-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3749 BP 20 EP 21 DI 10.1117/12.354719 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BN74Q UT WOS:000082790200009 ER PT S AU Atherton, LJ AF Atherton, LJ GP SPIE SPIE TI Optics for the National Ignition Facility SO 18TH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR OPTICS: OPTICS FOR THE NEXT MILLENNIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics - Optics for the Next Millennium CY AUG 02-06, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Physical Soc, IEEE Lasers & electro Optics Soc, OSA Optical Soc Amer, Int Comm Optics, US Advisory Comm Int Commiss Opt C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Atherton, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3234-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3749 BP 250 EP 251 DI 10.1117/12.354734 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BN74Q UT WOS:000082790200108 ER PT S AU Zacharias, R Bliss, E Feldman, M Grey, A Koch, J Sacks, R Toeppen, J Van Atta, L Winters, S Woods, B AF Zacharias, R Bliss, E Feldman, M Grey, A Koch, J Sacks, R Toeppen, J Van Atta, L Winters, S Woods, B GP SPIE SPIE TI The wavefront control system for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) SO 18TH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR OPTICS: OPTICS FOR THE NEXT MILLENNIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics - Optics for the Next Millennium CY AUG 02-06, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Physical Soc, IEEE Lasers & electro Optics Soc, OSA Optical Soc Amer, Int Comm Optics, US Advisory Comm Int Commiss Opt AB The use of lasers as the driver for inertial confinement fusion experiments and weapons physics applications is based on their ability to produce high-energy short pulses in a beam with low divergence. Indeed, the focusability of high quality laser beams far exceeds alternate technologies and is a major factor in the rationale for building lasers for such applications The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a large 192-beam laser facility now under construction at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for fusion and weapons physics experiments. Its uncorrected focal spot minimum size is limited by wavefront aberrations in the laser system. NIF is designed with a wavefront control system to correct these aberrations to yield a focal spot that is small enough for NIF's intended applications. Sources of aberrations to be corrected include prompt pump-induced distortions in the laser amplifiers, thermal distortions in the amplifiers from previous shots, beam off-axis effects, and gravity, mounting, and coating-induced optic distortions. Aberrations from gas density variations and manufacturing figure errors in the optics are also partially corrected by the wavefront control system. The NIF wavefront control system consists of five subsystems for each of the 192 beams: 1) a deformable mirror, 2) a wavefront sensor, 3) a computer controller, 4) a wavefront reference system, and 5) a rapid reconfiguration system to allow the wavefront control system to operate to within one second of the laser shot. The system includes the capability for in situ calibrations and operates in closed loop prior to the shot. Shot wavefront data is recorded. This paper describes the function, realization, and performance of each wavefront control subsystem. Subsystem performance will be characterized by computer models and by test results. The focal spot improvement in the NIF laser system effected by the wavefront control system will be characterized through computer models. The sensitivity of the target focal spot to various aberration sources will be presented. Analyses to optimize the wavefront control system will also be presented. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zacharias, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3234-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3749 BP 252 EP 253 DI 10.1117/12.354735 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BN74Q UT WOS:000082790200109 ER PT S AU Buttler, WT Hughes, RJ Kwiat, PG Lamoreaux, SK AF Buttler, WT Hughes, RJ Kwiat, PG Lamoreaux, SK GP SPIE SPIE TI Practical point-to-point free-space quantum key distribution over 1/2 km SO 18TH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR OPTICS: OPTICS FOR THE NEXT MILLENNIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics - Optics for the Next Millennium CY AUG 02-06, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Physical Soc, IEEE Lasers & electro Optics Soc, OSA Optical Soc Amer, Int Comm Optics, US Advisory Comm Int Commiss Opt ID CRYPTOGRAPHY C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3234-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3749 BP 344 EP 345 DI 10.1117/12.354778 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BN74Q UT WOS:000082790200148 ER PT S AU Decker, JY Olivier, SS Folta, JA Cowan, WD AF Decker, JY Olivier, SS Folta, JA Cowan, WD GP SPIE SPIE TI Micro-electro-mechanical deformable mirrors for advanced adaptive optics applications SO 18TH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR OPTICS: OPTICS FOR THE NEXT MILLENNIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics - Optics for the Next Millennium CY AUG 02-06, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Physical Soc, IEEE Lasers & electro Optics Soc, OSA Optical Soc Amer, Int Comm Optics, US Advisory Comm Int Commiss Opt DE Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS); Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical systems (MOEMS); actuators; micro-mirrors; adaptive optics AB Adaptive optics technology is critical for many current and developing applications at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. In particular, most large laser systems, including those being developed for Inertial Confinement Fusion and Laser Isotope Separation, require adaptive optics to correct for internal aberrations in these high-power systems. In addition, adaptive optics can provide capability for both high-resolution imaging and beam propagation through the atmosphere. Requirements for laser systems, imaging and propagation applications are currently driving wavefront control technology toward increased spatial and temporal frequency capacity, as well as reduced system costs. We will present recent progress in the development of micro-electro-mechanical deformable mirrors for adaptive optics applications. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Decker, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-222, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3234-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3749 BP 771 EP 772 DI 10.1117/12.355006 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BN74Q UT WOS:000082790200354 ER PT B AU Nebel, RA Cole, AJ Pickrell, MM Umstadter, KR AF Nebel, RA Cole, AJ Pickrell, MM Umstadter, KR GP IEEE IEEE TI Innovative energy sources and advanced applications: The Los Alamos Intense Neutron Source SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID INERTIAL-ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT; CONVERGENT ION FOCUS; FUSION AB The Intense Neutron Source (INS) is an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion device[1] presently under construction at Los Alamos National Laboratory. It is designed to produce 10(11) neutrons per second steady-state and will be used for nuclear assay applications. This device is a three grid IEC ion focus device. It is designed to handle 25 kW of power input and is actively cooled. It has a maximum capability of 75 kV with a current of .335 Amperes. In this paper we describe the physics principles of operation of this device, the engineering design parameters, and the empirical scaling used to determine the design parameters. Potential applications include waste assay, landmine detection, nonproliferation, and high-explosives detection. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nebel, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849786 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700005 ER PT B AU Ono, M Kaye, SM Neumeyer, C Peng, YKM Williams, M Barnes, G Bell, M Bialek, J Bigelow, T Blanchard, W Brooks, A Carter, MD Chrzanowski, J Davis, W Dudek, L Ellis, R Fan, HM Fredd, E Gates, D Gibney, T Goranson, P Hatcher, RE Heitzenroeder, P Hosea, J Jardin, SC Jarboe, T Johnson, D Kalish, M Kaita, R Kessel, C Kugel, H Majeski, R McCormack, B Maingi, R Menard, J Maqueda, R Marsala, R Mueller, D Nelson, BE Nelson, BA Oliaro, G Paoletti, F Parsells, R Perry, E Pearson, G Ramakrishnan, S Raman, R Robinson, J Roney, P Roquemore, L Ryan, P Sabbagh, S Sichta, P Stevenson, T Swain, D Viola, M Von Halle, A Wilson, JR Wurden, G Zweben, S AF Ono, M Kaye, SM Neumeyer, C Peng, YKM Williams, M Barnes, G Bell, M Bialek, J Bigelow, T Blanchard, W Brooks, A Carter, MD Chrzanowski, J Davis, W Dudek, L Ellis, R Fan, HM Fredd, E Gates, D Gibney, T Goranson, P Hatcher, RE Heitzenroeder, P Hosea, J Jardin, SC Jarboe, T Johnson, D Kalish, M Kaita, R Kessel, C Kugel, H Majeski, R McCormack, B Maingi, R Menard, J Maqueda, R Marsala, R Mueller, D Nelson, BE Nelson, BA Oliaro, G Paoletti, F Parsells, R Perry, E Pearson, G Ramakrishnan, S Raman, R Robinson, J Roney, P Roquemore, L Ryan, P Sabbagh, S Sichta, P Stevenson, T Swain, D Viola, M Von Halle, A Wilson, JR Wurden, G Zweben, S CA NSTX Team GP IEEE IEEE TI Making of the NSTX facility SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID PLASMAS AB The NSTX (National Spherical Torus Experiment) facility located at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory is the newest national fusion science experimental facility for the restructured US Fusion Energy Science Program The NSTX project was approved in FY 97 as the first proof-of-principle national fusion facility dedicated to the spherical torus research. On Feb. 15, 1999, the first plasma was achieved 10 weeks ahead of schedule. The project was completed on budget and with an outstanding safety record. This paper gives an overview of the NSTX facility construction and the initial plasma operations. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ono, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Davis, William/0000-0003-0666-7247 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849790 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700009 ER PT B AU Chrzanowski, JH Neumeyer, C Heitzenroeder, P Barnes, G Viola, M AF Chrzanowski, JH Neumeyer, C Heitzenroeder, P Barnes, G Viola, M CA NSTX Grp GP IEEE IEEE TI National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) torus design, fabrication and assembly SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is a low aspect ratio spherical torus (ST) located at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). Fabrication, assembly, and initial power tests were completed in February of 1999. The majority of the design and construction efforts were constructed on the Torus system components. The Torus system includes the centerstack assembly, external Poloidal and Toroidal coil systems, vacuum vessel, torus support structure and plasma facing components (PFC's). NSTX's low aspect ratio required that the centerstack be made with the smallest radius possible. This, and the need to bake NSTX's carbon-carbon composite plasma facing components at 350 degrees C, was major drivers in the design of NSTX. The Centerstack Assembly consists of the inner legs of the Toroidal Field (TF) windings, the Ohmic Heating (OH) solenoid and its associated tension cylinder, three inner Poloidal Field (PF) coils, thermal insulation, diagnostics and an Inconel casing which forms the inner wall of the vacuum vessel boundary. It took approximately nine months to complete the assembly of the Centerstack The tight radial clearances and the extreme length of the major components added complexity to the assembly of the Centerstack components. The vacuum vessel was constructed of 304-stainless steel and required approximately seven months to complete and deliver to the Test Cell. Several of the issues associated with the construction of the vacuum vessel were control of dimensional stability following welding and controlling the permeability of the welds. A great deal of time and effort was devoted to defining the correct weld process and material selection to meet our design requirements. The PFC's will be baked out at 350 degrees C while the vessel is maintained at 150 degrees C. This required care in designing the supports so they can accommodate the high electromagnetic loads resulting from plasma disruptions and the resulting relative thermal expansions between the PFC's and the vacuum vessel on which supports are attached. This paper will provide a brief review of the issues associated with the design, fabrication and assembly of the NSTX Torus system including those outlined above. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Chrzanowski, JH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849791 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700010 ER PT B AU Neumeyer, C AF Neumeyer, C CA NSTX Team GP IEEE IEEE TI National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) construction, commissioning, and initial operations SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The NSTX is a new national facility for the study of plasma confinement, heating, and current drive in a low aspect ratio, spherical torus (ST) configuration. The ST configuration is an alternate magnetic confinement concept which is characterized by high beta (ratio plasma pressure to magnetic field pressure) and low toroidal field compared to conventional tokamaks, and could provide a pathway to the realization of a practical fusion power source. Engineering design began in October 1995. Installation of the torus in the test cell began in October 1998. First plasma was achieved in February 1999. Following this event, with the completion of the installation of the internal hardware and RF antenna over the summer of 1999, the construction project has been declared complete, and the machine has been restarted. Operation of the machine, and production of plasma, has been quite reliable, and the experimental campaign has now begun. This paper reports on highlights of the construction, commissioning, and initial operations. RP Neumeyer, C (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849792 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700011 ER PT B AU Goranson, P Barnes, G Chrzanowski, J Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B Neumeyer, C Ping, J AF Goranson, P Barnes, G Chrzanowski, J Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B Neumeyer, C Ping, J GP IEEE IEEE TI Design of the plasma facing components for the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX) SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The NSTX device plasma facing components [PFC] consist of inboard diverters, outboard diverters, primary passive plates, secondary passive plates, a center stack casing CCSCI, and the heating/cooling fluid distribution system. The PFC surfaces are protected by 3584 individually mounted carbon tiles. Surfaces exposed to high heat flux and/or high loads utilize composite carbon-carbon graphite and the remainder utilize less costly ATJ graphite. A variety of diagnostics are incorporated into the PFCs including thermocouples, Langmuir probes, Mirnov coils, and Rogowski coils. The NSTX device is designed to be operated in a pulse mode of five seconds on followed by five minutes off. Its PFC components are also required to be baked out to 350 C. During operation the PFC tiles are permitted to ramp up thermally and then cool sufficiently between shots to prevent ratcheting during subsequent shots. The CSC tiles are required to be thermally isolated from the CSC so that the primary heat loss is radiation to the other PFC components. The other PFCs are thermally coupled to water cooled plates by conductive gaskets. Special mounts are required which permit thermal expansion and can withstand disruption loads while maintaining thermal contact. The tiles and mounts for the CSC are required to fall within a total radial space allotment of only 14 mm. A unique design for mounting graphite tiles to the CSC was developed which utilizes drift [shear] pins and Inconel brackets. Installation is accomplished via hidden fasteners accessed through very small holes in the the faces. Analyses of the CSC mounting structure were performed and pull tests were performed on assemblies which simulated the attachment geometry in an attempt to determine the ultimate strength of the configuration and the mechanism of failure. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08502 USA. RP Goranson, P (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08502 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849793 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700012 ER PT B AU Johnson, D Kaita, R Roquemore, AL AF Johnson, D Kaita, R Roquemore, AL CA NSTX Team GP IEEE IEEE TI Diagnostic development on NSTX SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID SPHERICAL-TORUS-EXPERIMENT; FUSION TEST REACTOR; TOKAMAK; SPECTROMETERS; RESOLUTION; SYSTEM AB Diagnostics are described which are currently installed or under active development for the newly commissioned NSTX device. The low aspect ratio (R/a less than or equal to 1.3) and low toroidal field (0.1-0.3T) used in this device dictate adaptations in many standard diagnostic techniques. Technical summaries of each diagnostic are given, and adaptations, where significant, are highlighted. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Johnson, D (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849796 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700015 ER PT B AU Skinner, CH Gentile, CA Young, KM AF Skinner, CH Gentile, CA Young, KM GP IEEE IEEE TI Observations of flaking of co-deposited layers in TFTR SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID TRITIUM RETENTION; LIMITER AB Flaking of co-deposited layers in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has been observed after the termination of plasma operations. This unexpected flaking affects approximately 15% of the tiles and appears on isotropic graphite tiles but not on carbon fiber composite tiles. Samples of tiles, flakes and dust were recently collected from the inside of the vacuum vessel and will be analyzed to better characterize the behavior of tritium on plasma facing components in DT fusion devices. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Skinner, CH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 89 EP 92 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849797 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700016 ER PT B AU Perry, E Chrzanowski, J Rule, K Strykowsky, R Viola, M Williams, M AF Perry, E Chrzanowski, J Rule, K Strykowsky, R Viola, M Williams, M GP IEEE IEEE TI Decontamination and decommissioning of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Perry, E (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849799 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700018 ER PT B AU Youchison, DL Cadden, CH Driemeyer, DE Wille, GW AF Youchison, DL Cadden, CH Driemeyer, DE Wille, GW GP IEEE IEEE TI Evaluation of Helical Wire Inserts for CHF enhancement SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The U.S. is evaluating Helical Wire Inserts (HWI) for heat transfer enhancement and critical heat flux (CHF) performance In divertor cooling channels. This concept is attractive because it: (1) is cost-effective to integrate into parallel, gun-drilled channels using a simple brazing operation with no special tooling; (2) can accommodate selective placement where enhancement is most needed in long, curved channels, and (3) has been shown in past testing to reach CHF enhancement values comparable to swirl tape inserts. Two bare copper (CuCrZr, Elbrodur G) mock-ups were fabricated to determine the preferred combination of wire size and helix pitch for the 10-mm-diameter cooling channels selected by the U.S. One mock-up used 1-mm-dia, wire wound on a 5 and 10-mm pitch. The other used 1.5-mm-dia. wire wound on a 10 and 20-mm pitch. Each pitch extended over half the 200-mm length of the copper bar. The inserts were made from Inconel 600 wire and brazed to the channel wall at 980 degrees C using a Cu-Mn-Ni alloy. Gas-fan cooling was used after brazing to prevent undesired metallurgical reactions in the CuCrZr alloy and was followed by thermal aging to recover properties. CHF tests were performed in the 30-kW Electron-Beam Test System at Sandia using 100 degrees C and 130 degrees C subcooled, 4 MPa water flowing at 7 and 12 m/s. Coolant flow was reversed during testing so that each of the two wire pitches could be placed at the entrance end. Because the heated length is short near CHF levels, thermocouple locations were selected so local effects of the wire insert wrap beneath the heated surface could be evaluated. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849803 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700022 ER PT B AU Kaita, R Majeski, R Luckhardt, S Doerner, R Finkenthal, M Ji, H Kugel, H Mansfield, D Stutman, D Woolley, R Zakharov, L Zweben, S AF Kaita, R Majeski, R Luckhardt, S Doerner, R Finkenthal, M Ji, H Kugel, H Mansfield, D Stutman, D Woolley, R Zakharov, L Zweben, S GP IEEE IEEE TI Liquid lithium wall experiments in CDX-U SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID SYSTEM; PLASMA AB The concept of a flowing lithium first wall for a fusion reactor may lead to a significant advance in reactor design, since it could virtually eliminate the concerns with power density and erosion, tritium retention, and cooling associated with solid walls. Sputtering and erosion tests are currently underway in the PISCES device at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD). To complement this effort, plasma interaction questions in a toroidal plasma geometry will be addressed by a proposed new ground breaking experiment in the Current Drive experiment Upgrade (CDX-U) spherical torus (ST). The CDX-U plasma is intensely heated and well diagnosed, and an extensive liquid lithium plasma-facing surface will be used for the first time with a toroidal plasma. Since CDX-U is a small ST, only approximate to 1' liter or less of lithium is required to produce a toroidal liquid lithium limiter target, leading to a quick and cost-effective experiment. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kaita, R (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849805 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700024 ER PT B AU Brown, T AF Brown, T GP IEEE IEEE TI Fusion ignition research experiment system integration SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The FIRE configuration has been designed to meet the physics objectives and subsystem requirements in an arrangement that allows remote maintenance of in-vessel components and hands-on maintenance of components outside the TF boundary. The general arrangement consists of sixteen wedged shaped TF coils that surround a free standing central solenoid (CS), a double wall vacuum vessel and internal plasma facing components. A center tie rod is used to help support the vertical magnetic loads and a compression ring is used to maintain wedge pressure in the inboard corners of the TF coils. The magnets are liquid nitrogen cooled and the entire device is surrounded by a thermal enclosure. The double wall vacuum vessel integrates cooling and shielding in a shape that maximizes shielding of ex-vessel components. The FIRE configuration development and integration process has evolved from an early stage of concept selection to a higher level of machine definition and component details. This paper describes the status of the configuration development and the integration of the major subsystem components. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Brown, T (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 172 EP 175 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849814 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700033 ER PT B AU Kessel, CE Bulmer, RH AF Kessel, CE Bulmer, RH GP IEEE IEEE TI Poloidal field design and plasma scenarios for FIRE SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID TOKAMAKS AB The FIRE (Fusion Ignition Research Experiment) device is a compact copper magnet experiment to explore driven DT burning plasma operation. As part of the design study, the poloidal field requirements, self-consistent dynamic discharge evolutions, and the plasma vertical stability and control are examined. Reported here are the PF (poloidal field) coil locations and currents, and a full discharge simulation of the reference configuration. In addition, other configurations are briefly described, and vertical instability growth times and feedback control currents and voltages are given. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kessel, CE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 176 EP 179 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849815 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700034 ER PT B AU Combs, SK Baylor, LR Foust, CR Jernigan, TC Anderson, PM Robinson, JI AF Combs, SK Baylor, LR Foust, CR Jernigan, TC Anderson, PM Robinson, JI GP IEEE IEEE TI New pellet injection schemes on DIII-D SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; HIGH-FIELD-SIDE; TECHNOLOGY AB The pellet fueling system on DIII-D has been modified for injection of deuterium pellets from two vertical ports and two inner wall locations on the magnetic high-field side (HFS) of the tokamak. The HFS pellet injection technique was first employed on ASDEX-Upgrade with significant improvements reported in both pellet penetration and fueling efficiency. The new pellet injection schemes on DIII-D required the installation of new guide tubes. These lines are approximate to 12.5 m in total Length and are made up of complex bends and turns ("roller coaster" like) to route pellets from the injector to the plasma, including sections inside the torus. The pellet speed at which intact pellets can survive through the curved guide tubes is limited (approximate to 200-300 mis for HFS injection schemes). Thus, one of the three gas guns on the injector was modified to provide pellets in a lower speed regime than the original guns (normal speed range approximate to 500 to 1000 m/s). The guide tube installations and gun modifications are described along with the injector operating parameters, and the latest test results are highlighted. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Combs, SK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 202 EP 205 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849820 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700039 ER PT B AU Goranson, P Brooks, WTA Brown, T Cole, M Fan, HM Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B Reiersen Williamson, D AF Goranson, P Brooks, WTA Brown, T Cole, M Fan, HM Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B Reiersen Williamson, D GP IEEE IEEE TI Design of the vacuum liner for the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) requires an inner vacuum vessel (liner) which will serve as a structural component, withstanding full atmospheric pressure and magnetic disruption loads. It must also be capable of bake out to 350 C. without imparting excessive thermal loading on saddle coils which reside on an outer shell surrounding the liner. NCSX will be sited in the Princeton Beta Experiment (PBX) test cell. Many of the existing site assets including the test cell, TF and PF coils, power supplies, neutral beam heating systems, and site utilities will be utilized to minimize the cost of the project.. The conceptual design features a stellarator core that is pre-fabricated and dropped into place on the PBX platform. The existing TF and PF coils are then reassembled around the stellarator core. Trade studies have been conducted to explore different configurations for the liner and the saddle coil structure. These included a design which used a low conductance non vacuum liner assembled within an outer vessel which surrounded the NCSX device, and served as the primary vacuum containment. The plasma has three periods and is very convoluted, changing in cross section from nearly circular to bean shaped with a very concave contour on the inner surface. The contour repeats twice every period, that is the shape is identical after 60 degrees toroidally, but with the shape inverted 180 degrees. The liner is required to follow the plasma surface very closely and, as result, is complex in shape. A trade off study has been made to determine the best fabrication technique to produce such a liner. The study included casting, pressing, explosive forming, isostatic pressing, and brake bending from flat developed patterns. The decision on a fabrication method relied heavily on previous experience by other experiments such as HSX, W7-AS, and W7-X which dealt with similar, convoluted shapes. The method picked was the flat pattern technique utilized by Wendelstein W7-AS. The liner is designed to be built in three sections corresponding to the plasma field periods, and final assembled around an inner shell core. After welding of the liner sections, the outer shell segments will assembled around the liner. Saddle coils will then installed around the shell. Insulation must be installed between the liner and shell to protect the shell during liner bake out,and to minimize heat transfer from the cooler shell during operation. Because the radial build up is limited and the shell is designed to operate at cryogenic (LN2) temperatures the choice of insulation materials is limited. A trade off study has been performed and extensive thermal analyses have been done to determine an insulation design which can operate in the extreme temperature range from 77 K to 623 K. The engineering design is being developed by a team from Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. A Physics Validation Review of NCSX is planned for September, 1999. The Conceptual Design effort will then commence in earnest, culminating in a Conceptual design review in March, 2000. First plasma is planned for September, 2004. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08502 USA. RP Goranson, P (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08502 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 235 EP 238 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849827 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700046 ER PT B AU Menon, MM Barry, RE Skinner, CH Gentile, C AF Menon, MM Barry, RE Skinner, CH Gentile, C GP IEEE IEEE TI Study of the surface features on the TFTR inner limiter using a frequency modulated coherent laser radar device developed for ITER SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB A frequency modulated coherent laser radar (FM CLR) device was designed for remote metrology and inspection of plasma facing components in ITER. A proof-of-principle version of the device, capable of operating under ex-vessel atmospheric conditions, was utilized to study the surface features of the TFTR inner limiter tiles. Flaking of co-deposited hydrogenated carbon layers was observed on these graphite tiles [1]. The cause of this flaking is not yet clear, but the flaking has major implications from the point of reactor operation and tritium inventory [I]. Measurements were made on the tiles to elucidate the flaking phenomena. The FM CLR enabled the measurements to be performed remotely in an environment with tritium contamination and gamma radiation. The remote laser scanning permitted the measurements to be conducted on the tiles without disturbing the morphology of the unstable flake structure. This paper describes the main features of the FM CLR device. experimental details, and some representative laser scans of the TFTR tiles. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Menon, MM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 261 EP 263 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849833 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700052 ER PT B AU Wampler, WR Skinner, CH Pitcher, CS LaBombard, B Lipschultz, B Fiore, C AF Wampler, WR Skinner, CH Pitcher, CS LaBombard, B Lipschultz, B Fiore, C GP IEEE IEEE TI Long term retention of deuterium and tritium in Alcator C-Mod SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; DIII-D; PLASMA; CARBON; JET; CALIBRATION; MOLYBDENUM; PARTICLE; TOKAMAKS; WALL AB The in-vessel deuterium retention in Alcator C-Mod from a run campaign of about 1090 plasmas is estimated to be about 0.1 gram. This estimate is based on nuclear reaction analysis of deuterium retained on 22 molybdenum tiles from the inner wall and divertor. Most of the retained deuterium is on the walls of the main plasma chamber, only about 2.5% of the deuterium is in the divertor. The I) coverage is consistent with a layer saturated by implantation with ions and charge exchange neutrals from the plasma. Tritium coverage was below the detection limit of 10(8) atoms/cm(2) This contrasts with tokamaks with carbon plasma-facing components (PFC's) where long-term retention of tritium and deuterium is large and mainly in the divertor due to codeposition with carbon eroded by the plasma. The low deuterium retention in the C-Mod divertor is mainly due to the absence of carbon PFC's in C-Mod and the low erosion rate of Mo. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wampler, WR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012 OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849834 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700053 ER PT B AU Dudek, LE Blanchard, W Kalish, M Gernhardt, R Parsells, RF AF Dudek, LE Blanchard, W Kalish, M Gernhardt, R Parsells, RF GP IEEE IEEE TI Design and construction of the NSTX bakeout, cooling and vacuum systems SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB This paper will describe the design, construction and initial operation of the NSTX bakeout, water cooling and vacuum systems. The bakeout system is designed for two modes of operation. The first mode allows heating of the first wall components to 350 degrees C while the external vessel is cooled to 150 degrees C. The second mode cools the first wall to 150 degrees C and the external vessel to 50 degrees C. The system uses a low viscosity heat transfer oil which is capable of high temperature low pressure operation. The NSTX Torus Vacuum Pumping System (TVPS) is designed to achieve a base pressure of approximately 1x10(-8) Torr and to evacuate the plasma fuel gas loads in less than 5 minutes between discharges. The vacuum pumping system is capable of a pumping speed of approximately 3400 Vs for deuterium. The hardware consists of two turbo molecular pumps (TMPs) and a mechanical pump set consisting of a mechanical and a Roots blower pump. A PLC is used as the control system to provide remote monitoring, control and software interlock capability. The NSTX cooling water provides chilled, de ionized water for heat removal in the TF, OH and PF, power supplies, bus bar systems, and various diagnostics. The system provides flow monitoring via a PLC to prevent damage due to loss of flow. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dudek, LE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849836 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700055 ER PT B AU Ramakrishnan, S Neumeyer, C Baker, E Hatcher, R Ilic, A Marsala, R O'Neill, D von Halle, A AF Ramakrishnan, S Neumeyer, C Baker, E Hatcher, R Ilic, A Marsala, R O'Neill, D von Halle, A GP IEEE IEEE TI NSTX electrical power systems SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has been designed and installed in the existing facilities at Princeton Plasma Physic Laboratory (PPPL). Most of the hardware, plant facilities, auxiliary sub-systems, and power systems originally used for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have been used with suitable modifications to reflect NSTX needs. The design of the NSTX electrical power system was tailored to suit the available infrastructure and electrical equipment on site. Components were analyzed to verify their suitability for use in NSTX. The total number of circuits and the location of the NSTX device drove the major changes in the Power system hardware. The NSTX has eleven(ll) circuits to be fed as compared to the basic three power loops for TFTR. This required changes in cabling to insure that each cable tray system has the positive and negative leg of cables in the same tray. Also additional power cabling had to be installed to the new location. The hardware had to be modified to address the need for eleven power loops. Power converters had to be reconnected and controlled in anti-parallel mode for the Ohmic heating and two of the Poloidal Field circuits. The circuit for the Coaxial Helical Injection (CHI) System had to be carefully developed to meet this special application. Additional Protection devices were designed and installed for the magnet coils and the CHI. The thrust was to making the changes in the most cost-effective manner without compromising technical requirements. This paper describes the changes and addition to the Electrical Power System components for the NSTX magnet systems. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ramakrishnan, S (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 281 EP 284 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849837 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700056 ER PT B AU Neumeyer, C Hatcher, R Marsala, R Ramakrishnan, S AF Neumeyer, C Hatcher, R Marsala, R Ramakrishnan, S GP IEEE IEEE TI National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) Power Supply Real Time Controller SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The NSTX [1] is a new national facility for the study of plasma confinement, heating, and current drive in a low aspect ratio, spherical torus (ST) configuration. The ST configuration is an alternate magnetic confinement concept which is characterized by high beta (ratio plasma pressure to magnetic field pressure) and low toroidal field compared to conventional tokamaks, and could provide a pathway to the realization of a practical fusion power source. The NSTX depends on a real time, high speed, synchronous, and deterministic control system acting on a system of thyristor rectifier power supplies to 1) establish the initial magnetic field configuration; 2) initiate plasma within the vacuum vessel; 3) inductively drive plasma current; and 4) control plasma position and shape. For the initial "day 0" 1st plasma operations (Feb. 1999), the system was limited to closed loop proportional-integral current control of the power supplies based on preprogrammed reference waveforms. For the "day 1" phase of operations beginning Sept. 1999 the loop has been closed on plasma current and position. This paper focuses on the Power Supply Real Time Controller (PSRTC). C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Neumeyer, C (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 285 EP 288 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849838 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700057 ER PT B AU Sichta, P Dong, J AF Sichta, P Dong, J GP IEEE IEEE TI Startup of the Experimental Physics Industrial Control System at NSTX SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The Experimental Physics Industrial Control System (EPICS) is a set of software which is being used as the basis of the National Spherical Torus Experiment's (NSTX) Process Control System, a major element of the NSTX's Central Instrumentation & Control System. EPICS is a result of a co-development effort started by several U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratories. EPICS is actively supported through an international collaboration made up of government and industrial users. EPICS' good points include portability, scalability, and extensibility. A drawback for small experiments is that a wide range of software skills are necessary to get the software tools running for the process engineers. Our experience in designing, developing, operating, and maintaining NSTX's EPICS (system) will be reviewed. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Sichta, P (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 289 EP 291 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849839 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700058 ER PT B AU Sichta, P Dong, J Oliaro, G Tindall, K AF Sichta, P Dong, J Oliaro, G Tindall, K GP IEEE IEEE TI The NSTX Central Instrumentation and Control System SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB Earlier this year Cite National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory achieved ''first plasma". The Central Instrumentation & Control System [1] was used to support plasma operations. Major elements of the system include the Process Control System, Plasma Control System, Network System, Data Acquisition System, and Synchronization System. This paper will focus on the Process Control System. Topics include the architecture, hardware interface, operator interface, data management, and system performance. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Sichta, P (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 292 EP 295 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849840 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700059 ER PT B AU Kugel, HW Blanchard, W D'Amico, G Gernhardt, R Provost, T AF Kugel, HW Blanchard, W D'Amico, G Gernhardt, R Provost, T GP IEEE IEEE TI NSTX filament preionization and glow discharge cleaning systems SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB Initial NSTX GDC experiments were performed with one moveable anode and a biased filament preionization system that allowed D-2 and He Glow Discharge breakdowns at the actual operating pressure, voltage and current. The biased filament system was also operated continuously during ohmic operations, and used to reduce volt-sec consumption for February 1999 plasma discharges up to 280 KA. An upgraded system has been installed with 2 fixed wall anodes and 3 biased filaments; 2 on the mid-plane and one in the divertor region; all separately controllable remotely using a PLC system. Recent applications include assisting in preionization for 800 KA plasma discharges. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kugel, HW (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 296 EP 299 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849841 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700060 ER PT B AU Kugel, HW McCormack, B Kaita, R Goranson, P Gutttadora, L Hatcher, R Holoman, T Johnson, D Nelson, B Neumeyer, C Roquemore, AL AF Kugel, HW McCormack, B Kaita, R Goranson, P Gutttadora, L Hatcher, R Holoman, T Johnson, D Nelson, B Neumeyer, C Roquemore, AL GP IEEE IEEE TI NSTX high temperature sensor systems SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The design of the more than 300 in-vessel sensor systems for the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has encountered several challenging fusion reactor diagnostic issues involving high temperatures and space constraints. This has resulted in unique miniature, high temperature invessel sensor systems mounted in small spaces behind plasma facing armor tiles, and they are prototypical of possible high power reactor first-wall applications. In the Center Stack, Divertor, Passive Plate, and vessel wall regions, the small magnetic sensors, large magnetic sensors, flux loops, Rogowski Coils, thermocouples, and Langmuir Probes are qualified for 600 degrees C operation. This rating will accommodate both peak rear-face graphite tile temperatures during operations and the 350 degrees C bake-out conditions. Similar sensor systems including flux loops, on other vacuum vessel regions are qualified for 350 degrees C operation. Cabling from the sensors embedded in the graphite tiles follows narrow routes to exit the vessel. The detailed sensor design and installation methods of these diagnostic systems developed for high-powered ST operation are discussed. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kugel, HW (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 300 EP 305 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849842 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700061 ER PT B AU McCormack, B Kaita, R Kugel, H Hatcher, R AF McCormack, B Kaita, R Kugel, H Hatcher, R GP IEEE IEEE TI Rogowski Loop designs for NSTX SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The Rogowski Loop is one of the most basic diagnostics for tokamak operations. On the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX), the plasma current Rogowski Loop had the constraints of the very limited space available on the center stack, 5000 volt isolation, flexibility requirements as it remained a part of the Center Stack assembly after the first phase of operation, and a +120 degrees C temperature requirement. For the second phase of operation, four Halo Current Rogowski Loops under the Center Stack tiles will be installed having +600 degrees C and limited space requirements. Also as part of the second operational phase, up to ten Rogowski Loops will installed to measure eddy currents in the Passive Plate support structures with +350 degrees C, restricted space, and flexibility requirements. This presentation will provide the details of the material selection, fabrication techniques, testing, and installation results of the Rogowski Loops that were fabricated for the high temperature operational and bakeout requirements, high voltage isolation requirements, and the space and flexibility requirements imposed upon the Rogowski Loops. In the future operational phases of NSTX, additional Rogowski Loops could be anticipated that will measure toriodal plasma currents in the vacuum vessel and in the Passive Plate assemblies. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP McCormack, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 306 EP 309 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849843 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700062 ER PT B AU Parsells, RF Bretz, N Dalghren, F Dudek, L Johnson, D LeBlanc, B Steill, G Palladino, D Simon, D AF Parsells, RF Bretz, N Dalghren, F Dudek, L Johnson, D LeBlanc, B Steill, G Palladino, D Simon, D GP IEEE IEEE TI Multipulse Thomson Scattering system for the National Spherical Torus SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS DE multipulse Thomson scattering; OSLO ray trace; fiber optics AB The back scattering geometry chosen for the Multipulse Thomson Scattering (MPTS) on the National Spherical Torus provides the sensitivity, the outer edge spatial resolution, and the profile capability to satisfy project requirements. The system is based on Nd:YAG lasers and avalanche photo diode detectors chosen to allow high repetition rate measurements. The viewing window and the collection optics provide formidable engineering challenges environmentally, in the radiation links to the center stack, and geometrically, in the complex configuration of the fiber optics at the imaging plane. The optical engineering utilized the full range of capabilities of the OSLO program used in this design. The design features presented address the responses to the system requirements necessary to achieve successful implementation. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Parsells, RF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 310 EP 312 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849844 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700063 ER PT B AU Gentile, CA Zweben, SJ Skinner, CH Young, KM Parker, J Ciebiera, L Langish, SW von Halle, A Kennedy, CW Isobe, K AF Gentile, CA Zweben, SJ Skinner, CH Young, KM Parker, J Ciebiera, L Langish, SW von Halle, A Kennedy, CW Isobe, K GP IEEE IEEE TI A visual detection system for determining tritium surface deposition employing phosphor coated materials SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB A method for visually observing tritium deposition on the surface of TFTR D-T tiles is being investigated at PPPL. A green phosphor (P31, zinc sulfide: copper) similar to that used in oscilloscope screens with a wavelength peak of 530 nm was positioned on the surface of a TFTR D-T tile. The approximately 600 gram tile, which contains approximately 1.5 Ci of tritium located on the top similar to 1 - 50 microns of the surface, was placed in a two lit er lexan chamber at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). The phosphor plates and phosphor powder were placed on the surface of the tile which resulted in visible light being observed, the consequence of tritium betas interacting with the phosphor. This technique provides a method of visually observing varying concentrations of tritium on the surface of D-T carbon tiles, and may be employed tin a calibrated system) to obtain quantitative data. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Gentile, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 319 EP 320 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849846 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700065 ER PT B AU Gentile, CA Skinner, CH Young, KM Ciebiera, L Langish, SW von Halle, A Kennedy, CW O'hira, S Shu, WM AF Gentile, CA Skinner, CH Young, KM Ciebiera, L Langish, SW von Halle, A Kennedy, CW O'hira, S Shu, WM GP IEEE IEEE TI Tritium decontamination of TFTR D-T graphite tiles employing ultra violet light and a Nd : YAG laser SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The use of an ultra violet light source (wavelength = 172 nm) and a Nd:YAG Laser for the decontamination of TFTR D-T tiles will be investigated at PPPL. The development of this form of tritium decontamination may be useful for future D-T burning fusion devices which employ carbon plasma facing components on the first wall. Carbon tiles retain hydrogen isotopes, and the in-situ tritium decontamination of carbon can be extremely important in maintaining resident invessel tritium inventory to a minimum. A test chamber has been designed and fabricated at PPPL. The chamber has the ability to be maintained under vacuum, be baked to 200 degrees C, and provides sample ports for gas analyses. Tiles from TFTR that have been exposed to D-T plasmas will be placed within the chamber and exposed to either UV light source or the ND:YAC; Laser. The experiment will determine the effectiveness of these two techniques for the removal of tritium. In addition, exposure rates and scan times for the UV light source and/or Nd:YAG Laser will be determined for tritium removal optimization from D-T tiles. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Gentile, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 321 EP 322 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849847 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700066 ER PT B AU Simon, DI Bretz, NL Marmar, E Bravenec, R Parsells, RF AF Simon, DI Bretz, NL Marmar, E Bravenec, R Parsells, RF GP IEEE IEEE TI Optical and mechanical design of C-Mod Motional Stark Effect diagnostic SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS DE MSE; DNB; C-Mod AB A Motional Stark Effect (MSE) instrument is being installed on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak at MIT. This MSE diagnostic will provide measurements of the spatial profile of the internal poloidal magnetic field. The MSE has its primary collection optics inside the vacuum vessel. The light collected by the internal optics passes through a vacuum window and is relayed to a fiber optic array. The MSE optics are shared by a Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) diagnostic which measures electron density fluctuations and their spatial correlations. This optical system requires high throughput and spatial resolution of less than 1 cm at the focal plane in the plasma. The design requirements for the internal optics also include the effects associated with plasma impingement, plasma disruptions, and thermal excursions. The parameters that affect polarization measurement include the location and orientation of optical elements, the choice of substrates and optical materials. These unique design requirements led to a number of interesting optical and mechanical design features which are presented here. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Simon, DI (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 349 EP 351 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849854 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700073 ER PT B AU Faltens, A Li, NY Ritchie, G Shuman, D AF Faltens, A Li, NY Ritchie, G Shuman, D GP IEEE IEEE TI A pulsed elliptical quadrupole array for transport of multiple high current beams SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB We present the design of a pulsed quadrupole magnet array for side by side transport of multiple high current particle beams in induction linear accelerators. The design is directly applicable to low field superconducting quadrupole arrays and can be modified for high fields. The magnetic design minimizes current requirements by placing a modified cosine 2 theta current distribution inside an elliptical iron boundary. The resulting magnet aperture more closely matches the beam's elliptical cross-section, and only the space the beam occupies is magnetized to the required field quality. By eliminating unneeded high field area in the magnet aperture, energy requirements are halved, as compared to an equivalent circular design. The magnet serves double duty as a UHV vacuum chamber/beam tube, and reduced radial thickness results from lower current requirements. Each interior magnet's neighbors serve as the return flux paths and the poles are placed as close as possible to each other to facilitate this. All the above features serve to reduce the beam-to-beam spacing, leading to significant reductions in the size and cost of the induction cores which surround the array, as well as the pulsed power supplies which drive them. The design shown here is for a 21 beam array, yet it is suitable for larger or smaller numbers of beams, as required. C1 LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Faltens, A (reprint author), LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 359 EP 361 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849856 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700075 ER PT B AU Faltens, A Shuman, D AF Faltens, A Shuman, D GP IEEE IEEE TI A superconducting quadrupole array for transport of multiple high current beams SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB We present a conceptual design of a superconducting quadrupole magnet array for the side-by-side transport of multiple high current particle beams in induction linear accelerators. The magnetic design uses a modified cosine 2 theta current distribution inside a square cell boundary. Each interior magnet's neighbors serve as the return flux paths and the poles are placed as close as possible to each other to facilitate this. No iron is present in the basic 2-D magnetic design; it will work at any current level without correction windings. Special 1/8(th) quadrupoles are used along the transverse periphery of the array to contain and channel flux back into the array, making every channel Look as part of an infinite array. This design provides a fixed dimension array boundary equal to the quadrupole radius that can be used for arrays of any number of quadrupole channels, at any field level. More importantly, the design provides magnetic field separation between the array and the induction cores which may be surrounding it. Flux linkage between these two components can seriously affect the operation of both of them. C1 LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Faltens, A (reprint author), LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 362 EP 366 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849857 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700076 ER PT B AU Youchison, DL Schlosser, J Escourbiac, F Ezato, K Akiba, M Baxi, CB AF Youchison, DL Schlosser, J Escourbiac, F Ezato, K Akiba, M Baxi, CB GP IEEE IEEE TI Round robin CHF testing of an ITER vertical target swirl tube SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB A series of international CHF experiments was undertaken on swirl tribe supplied by CEA at laboratories from three different Home Teams in the ITER program. Global CHF testing was conducted at FE-200 in France, the EB-1200 in the US and PBEF in Japan. The swirl tube, envisioned for use in the ITER vertical target, was tested at each facility using ITER cooling conditions of 100 degrees C local subcooling and 12 m/s water. Both flat and peaked heat flux profiles were used on 100 mm and 200 mm heated lengths, respectively. Good performance of the swirl tube was validated in all three facilities. Burnout or global CHF values of 27 MW/m(2) were attained for the flat nominal profile and 30 to 37 MW/m(2) peak heat fluxes were determined for the highly peaked ITER transient profile. A comparison of test results and CHF detection techniques between the three facilities is presented. Peaking factors were determined by finite element analysis as were predictions of uniform heating and the peak heat flux for the transient profile heating. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 385 EP 387 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849862 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700081 ER PT B AU Youchison, DL Nygren, RE Griegoriev, S Driemeyer, DE AF Youchison, DL Nygren, RE Griegoriev, S Driemeyer, DE GP IEEE IEEE TI CHF comparison of an attached-fin hypervapotron and porous-coated channels SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID HEAT AB CHF experiments were undertaken on two medium-scale, bare copper, mock-ups of the ITER vertical target. One was an attached-fin hypervapotron made of CuNiBe and manufactured by Boeing Company, and the other contained two round porous-coated channels made of CuCrZr and manufactured by the Efremov Institute. All the experiments were performed in the EB-1200 electron beam facility at Sandia and used ITER relevant flow conditions of 100 degrees C inlet subcooling, 4 MPa, 10 m/s water. Both the flat ITER nominal, and the highly peaked, ITER transient, heat flux profiles were used. For both mock-ups, we maintained a near constant exit subcooling by fixing the total beam power and decreasing the heated length from 360 mm to 150 mm and 140 mm, respectively. Results are compared to finite element model predictions and to data obtained on swirl tribes and helical wire mock-ups tested under similar conditions. Local CHF was detected at 21.3 MW/m(2) for the hypervapotron and 24.5 MW/m(2) for the porous coated -up mock when subjected to the fiat heat flux profile. New Global CHF/burnont data are presented for the attached-fin hypervapotron for better comparison to global CHF values obtained on swirl tapes and helical wires. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Youchison, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5829-5; 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 388 EP 391 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849863 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700082 ER PT B AU Heitzenroeder, PJ AF Heitzenroeder, PJ CA FIRE Engn Team GP IEEE IEEE TI Development of a cost-effective design for the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS DE FIRE; NSO; tokamak engineering AB The Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) is one of the components of a US Next Step Options (NSO) study which is considering what major experiments might be undertaken in a restructured US Fusion Sciences Program. FIRE is designed for a plasma current of similar to 6.5 MA, a burn time of at least 10 s, and a Q in the range of 5 to 10. FIRE has a major radius of 2.0 m, a minor radius of 0.525 m, and a field on axis of 10T. All of the coils are inertially cooled by liquid nitrogen. FIRE will operate primarily in a double null configuration with an x-point triangularity of 0.8 and an x-point elongation of 2.2. In addition to these technical requirements, a major goal for the FIRE project is for a total project cost of approximately $1B (in FY 99 dollars). This paper describes the process and rationale for the engineering design chosen for FIRE, taking into account both the performance and cost goals. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, FIRE Engn Team, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Heitzenroeder, PJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, FIRE Engn Team, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 447 EP 450 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849875 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700094 ER PT B AU Woolley, RD AF Woolley, RD GP IEEE IEEE TI PF and TF power systems for the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The primary goal of the FIRE preconceptual design is to affordably conduct physics experiments in the fusion ignition regime with self-heated plasmas. The device could also permit advanced tokamak experiments in deuterium lasting several minutes. Tradeoff studies considering MVA and flattop duration have identified TF and PF magnet power system designs expected to have low cost, consistent both with the mission to enter the ignition regime and the possibility to conduct long pulse deuterium experiments. In addition, a performance-extending upgrade path for the power system has been identified which could be followed later, if experimental results justify further increasing the maximum toroidal field and plasma current or increasing the maximum toroidal field and plasma current or lengthening the duration. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Woolley, RD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 455 EP 458 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849877 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700096 ER PT B AU Fisher, PW Gouge, MJ Foster, CA Nelson, BE Gentile, CA AF Fisher, PW Gouge, MJ Foster, CA Nelson, BE Gentile, CA CA FIRE Study Team GP IEEE IEEE TI Plasma fueling, pumping, and tritium handling considerations for FIRE SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID SCALE AB Tritium pellet injection will be utilized on the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) for efficient tritium fueling and to optimize the density profile for high fusion power. Conventional pneumatic pellet injectors, coupled with a guidetube system to launce pellets into the plasma from the high field side, low field side, and vertically, will be provided for fueling along with gas puffing for plasma edge density control. About 0.1 g of tritium must be injected during each 10-s pulse. The tritium and deuterium will be exhausted into the divertor. The double null divertor will have 16 cryogenic pumps located near the divertor chamber to provide the required high pumping speed of 200 torr-L/s. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fisher, PW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 463 EP 466 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849879 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700098 ER PT B AU Swain, DW Carter, MD Majeski, RP AF Swain, DW Carter, MD Majeski, RP GP IEEE IEEE TI Plasma heating and current drive systems for the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS ID DEVICES AB FIRE is a high-field, burning-plasma tokamak that is being studied as a possible option for future fusion research. Preliminary parameters for this machine are R-0 approximate to 2 m, a approximate to 0.5 m, B-0 approximate to 10 T, and L-p approximate to 6 MA. Magnetic field coils are to be made of copper and pre-cooled with LN, before each shot. The flat-top pulse length desired is greater than or equal to 10s. Ion cyclotron and lower hybrid rf systems will be used for heating and current drive. Present specifications call for 30 MW of ion cyclotron heating power, with 25 MW of lower hybrid power as an upgrade option. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Swain, DW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 467 EP 470 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849880 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700099 ER PT B AU Petti, DA Merrill, BJ AF Petti, DA Merrill, BJ GP IEEE IEEE TI Safety and environmental considerations in the design of the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) is being designed as a next step option in the U.S. fusion program. Based upon a review of the DOE Fusion Safety Standard, inventory thresholds for DOE facility hazard classification, radiological release limits to meet the no-evacuation objective, key safety functions, and the potential safety concerns that could threaten the safety functions have been identified. Safety analysis calculations of these events have been performed and the resulting thermal hydraulic behavior and radiological consequences are discussed in this paper. We conclude with an overall assessment of the safety of FIRE at this stage in the design process and discuss our future plans. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Petti, DA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Fus Safety Program, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 479 EP 483 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849883 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700102 ER PT B AU Burgess, T Brown, T Chesser, J Dilling, D Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B AF Burgess, T Brown, T Chesser, J Dilling, D Heitzenroeder, P Nelson, B GP IEEE IEEE TI Remote maintenance requirements and approach for the FIRE project SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB The Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) invessel components must be remotely maintained dire to neutron activation. Components that require remote maintenance include plasma facing components and the assemblies containing ancillary systems mounted in the vacuum vessel ports. Hands-on access and maintenance of FIRE ex-vessel components are possible due to the radiation shielding provided by the reactor components and structure. Remote maintenance is accomplished by removing the affected components from the vessel and transferring them to the hot cell facility for refurbishment or waste processing, followed by replacement of the components. Remote handling of the components is performed with robotic systems that operate from within sealed transfer casks for contamination control purposes. The casks also serve to shuttle the components to and from the hot cell. In-vessel components are designed for relative ease and speed of remote maintenance depending on their anticipated frequency of maintenance. Preliminary estimates of the time required to complete key maintenance operations have been made. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Burgess, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 484 EP 487 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849884 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700103 ER PT B AU Cadwallader, LC Petti, DA AF Cadwallader, LC Petti, DA GP IEEE IEEE TI A review of availability growth in energy production technologies SO 18TH IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE99) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Sandia Natl Labs, Los Alamos Natl Lab, IEEE NPSS AB Fusion experiments are operated to gain knowledge that will allow fusion energy to become an electricity producing technology. The current generation of fusion experiments, such as the DIII-D and Alcator C-MOD experiments, and the formerly operated Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor, do not operate as much each year as typical electricity generating power plants. The main reasons for the reduced operational availability are budget limitations to purchase electrical power to operate the experiments, downtime for device reconfiguration or alterations to perform new experiments, and downtime for repairs to the experiments. There has been speculation in some fusion power plant design studies about the plant operational availability that can be reached by mature plants. This paper shows the trends in growth of operational availability experienced in mature energy production technologies and selected types of experimental power plants to illustrate the growth pattern that fusion power plants will likely follow. C1 Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Cadwallader, LC (reprint author), Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Cadwallader, Lee/F-6933-2014 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5830-9 PY 1999 BP 585 EP 588 DI 10.1109/FUSION.1999.849907 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BQ44A UT WOS:000088359700126 ER PT B AU Cooper, JA AF Cooper, JA BE Dave, RN Sudkamp, T TI The application of constrained mathematics in probabilistic uncertainty analysis SO 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN FUZZY INFORMATION PROCESSING SOCIETY - NAFIPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference of the North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society (NAFIPS 99) CY JUN 10-12, 1999 CL NEW YORK, NY SP N Amer Fuzzy Informat Proc Soc, IEEE Neural Networks Council, IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc AB Safety and reliability analyses often depend on Boolean logic combinations of input variables that have uncertainty (imperfect knowledge) or variability (probabilistically described outcomes). Calculating safety and reliability probabilities with functions of uncertain variables can yield incorrect or misleading results if some precautions are not taken One important consideration is the application of constrained mathematics for calculating probabilities for functions that contain repeated variables. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cooper, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-5211-4 PY 1999 BP 95 EP 99 DI 10.1109/NAFIPS.1999.781661 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BN34H UT WOS:000081666600022 ER PT B AU Vann, JM Smith, MC Simpson, ML Thomas, CE Paulus, MJ Moore, JA Baylor, LR Rochelle, JM Lowndes, DW Geohegan, DB Jellison, GE Merkulov, VI Puretzky, AA Voelkl, E AF Vann, JM Smith, MC Simpson, ML Thomas, CE Paulus, MJ Moore, JA Baylor, LR Rochelle, JM Lowndes, DW Geohegan, DB Jellison, GE Merkulov, VI Puretzky, AA Voelkl, E GP IEEE IEEE TI Modeling and simulation of short-channel MOSFETs operating in deep weak inversion SO 1998 MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems CY AUG 09-12, 1998 CL UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN SP IEEE Circuits and Systems Soc, IEEE Control, Educ, Ind Electr, Instrumentation & Measurement, Power Electr, Signal proc, Syst Man and Cybernetics Soc HO UNIV NOTRE DAME AB As circuit densities continue to increase and battery operated systems demand lower power operation, more designs will incorporate small geometry (short and narrow) MOSFETs operating in deep weak inversion. Our research into massively parallel electron emitter arrays for lithographic applications has included the design of short-channel MOSFETs operating at currents as small as 100pA. Simulation of these weakly inverted, small geometry devices required the development of appropriate model parameters. We report our method for determining BSIM model parameters for short channel devices operating in the deep subthreshold region. In addition we show our modeling results with a commercial 0.5 mu m CMOS process. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vann, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Puretzky, Alexander/B-5567-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Puretzky, Alexander/0000-0002-9996-4429; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-8186-8914-5 PY 1999 BP 24 EP 27 DI 10.1109/MWSCAS.1998.759426 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BM70P UT WOS:000079563200006 ER PT B AU Tanner, DM Walraven, JA Irwin, LW Dugger, MT Smith, NF Eaton, WP Miller, WM Miller, SL AF Tanner, DM Walraven, JA Irwin, LW Dugger, MT Smith, NF Eaton, WP Miller, WM Miller, SL GP IEEE IEEE TI The effect of humidity on the reliability of a surface micromachined microengine SO 1999 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS - 37TH ANNUAL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium CY MAR 23-25, 1999 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE Reliabil Soc ID FRICTION; WEAR; SILICON AB Humidity is shown to be a strong factor in the wear of rubbing surfaces in polysilicon micromachines. We demonstrate that very low humidity can lead to very high wear without a significant change in reliability. We show that the volume of wear debris generated is a function of the humidity in an air environment. As the humidity decreases, the wear debris generated increases. For the higher humidity levels, the formation of surface hydroxides may act as a lubricant. The dominant failure mechanism has been identified as wear. The wear debris has been identified as amorphous oxidized silicon. Large slivers (approximately 1 micron in length) of debris observed at the low humidity level were also amorphous oxidized silicon. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we observed that the wear debris forms spherical and rod-like shapes. We compared two surface treatment processes: a fluorinated silane chain, (FTS) and supercritical CO2 dried (SCCO2). The microengines using the SCCO2 process were found to be less reliable than those released with the FTS process under two humidity levels. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tanner, DM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1081, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7803-5220-3 PY 1999 BP 189 EP 197 DI 10.1109/RELPHY.1999.761611 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Engineering; Physics GA BM85G UT WOS:000079933100028 ER PT S AU Tantawi, SG Vlieks, AE Loewen, RJ AF Tantawi, SG Vlieks, AE Loewen, RJ BE Matloubian, M Ponti, E TI The generation of 400 MW RF pulses at X-band using resonant delay lines SO 1999 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium on the Magic Touch of Microwaves CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP IEEE AB We present theory and experimental data for a resonant-delay-line pulse-compression system. The system is fed by two high power klystrons at X-band. The output power is four times bigger than the input power. The system produces flat-top output pulses. The system uses evacuated room-temperature copper delay lines as a means of storing energy. These lines achieved a quality factor greater than 4.3x10(5), with total losses due to external components measured at 4%. We compare theory with experimental results. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Tantawi, SG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 4349,MS 33, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 0-7803-5135-5 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 1999 BP 345 EP 348 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BN28P UT WOS:000081428500080 ER PT S AU Hietala, VM AF Hietala, VM BE Matloubian, M Ponti, E TI Determining two-port S-parameters from a one-port measurement using a novel impedance-state test chip SO 1999 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium on the Magic Touch of Microwaves CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP IEEE AB A novel custom high-speed test chip and data reduction technique that allows for the accurate determination of the two-port S-parameters of a passive network from a set of one-port measurements is presented. A typical application for this technique is high-speed Integrated circuit package characterization where one-port is of a microelectronic size scale and inside the package. The test chip is designed to operate up to 20 GHz. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hietala, VM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 0-7803-5135-5 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 1999 BP 1639 EP 1642 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BN28P UT WOS:000081428500376 ER PT S AU Li, Z Huang, W Zhao, LJ AF Li, Z Huang, W Zhao, LJ GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Study of the correlation between the cutting edge current breakdown and the simulated lateral electrical field boundary in high resistivity silicon detectors with Multi-Guard Ring Structure SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB High resistivity silicon detectors with Multi-Guard Ring Structure (MGRS), after being subjected to laser cutting to various distances (L, from 10 mu m to 1000 mu m) from the outer most guard ring, have been used to investigate the effect of cutting edge current breakdown (CECB). The bias on the outer most guard ring at which CECB starts, or the edge breakdown voltage V-b, increases monatonically with L. This result has been compared to the simulated lateral depletion depth (W-L) from the outer most guard ring as a function of bias voltage V with very good correlation. For a given bias V, CECB occurs if W-L is larger than L, suggesting that current injects as soon as electrical field reaches the cutting edge. These results indicate that damage caused by laser cutting is very much localized to the edge itself (within a few mu ms). The edge breakdown current can be separated from the bulk leakage current by grounding one of the guard rings. The advantage of using MGRS to spread the electrical potential over st large distance to prevent possible high field breakdown was also simulated and discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 26 EP 32 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200005 ER PT S AU Va'vra, J AF Va'vra, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Particle identification methods in high energy physics SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID HELIUM GAS-MIXTURES; HERA-B RICH; RELATIVISTIC RISE; IONIZATION LOSS; DRIFT CHAMBERS; II DETECTOR; PERFORMANCE; DE/DX; COUNTER; SLD AB This paper deals with two particle identification methods: dE/dx and Cherenkov detection. The dE/dx method is the most common technique used in conjunction with tracking in gaseous detectors. We systematically compare existing dE/dx data with various predictions available in the literature and judge the overall consistency. To my knowledge, this comparison was not done to date. There are two Cherenkov light emission detection techniques: the threshold and the Ring imaging methods. We want to discuss the recent trend in these techniques. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Va'vra, J (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 61 EP 71 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200012 ER PT S AU Adam, I Aleksan, R Aston, D Bailly, P Beigbeder, C Benayoun, M Benkebil, M Bonneaud, G Breton, D Briand, H Brown, D Bourgeois, P Chauveau, J Cizeron, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Convery, M Dardin, S David, P de Domenico, G de la Vaissiere, C de Lesquen, A Emery, S Fouque, G Gaidot, A Gastaldi, F Genat, JF Geld, T Gosset, L Hale, D de Monchenault, GH Hamon, O Hoecker, A Imbault, D Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kalelkar, M Karolak, M Kawahara, H Krueger, H Lebbolo, H Le Diberder, F Leruste, PH London, G Long, M Lory, J Lu, A Lutz, AM Lynch, G Mancinelli, G McCulloch, M McShurley, D Matricon, P Mayer, B Meadows, B Micout, P Muller, D Narjoux, JL Noppe, JM Oshatz, D Oxoby, G Plano, R Plaszczynski, S Pripstein, M Rasson, J Ratcliff, B Reif, R Renard, C Roos, L Roussot, E Salnikov, A Schune, MH Schwiening, J Shelkov, V Sokoloff, M Spanier, S Stark, J Stiles, P Stone, R Telnov, A Thiebaux, C Truong, K Valassi, A Vasileiadis, G Vasseur, G Va'vra, J Verderi, M Versille, S Warner, D Weber, T Weber, TF Wenzel, W Wilson, R Wormser, G Yeche, C Yellin, S Zhang, B Zito, M AF Adam, I Aleksan, R Aston, D Bailly, P Beigbeder, C Benayoun, M Benkebil, M Bonneaud, G Breton, D Briand, H Brown, D Bourgeois, P Chauveau, J Cizeron, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Convery, M Dardin, S David, P de Domenico, G de la Vaissiere, C de Lesquen, A Emery, S Fouque, G Gaidot, A Gastaldi, F Genat, JF Geld, T Gosset, L Hale, D de Monchenault, GH Hamon, O Hoecker, A Imbault, D Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kalelkar, M Karolak, M Kawahara, H Krueger, H Lebbolo, H Le Diberder, F Leruste, PH London, G Long, M Lory, J Lu, A Lutz, AM Lynch, G Mancinelli, G McCulloch, M McShurley, D Matricon, P Mayer, B Meadows, B Micout, P Muller, D Narjoux, JL Noppe, JM Oshatz, D Oxoby, G Plano, R Plaszczynski, S Pripstein, M Rasson, J Ratcliff, B Reif, R Renard, C Roos, L Roussot, E Salnikov, A Schune, MH Schwiening, J Shelkov, V Sokoloff, M Spanier, S Stark, J Stiles, P Stone, R Telnov, A Thiebaux, C Truong, K Valassi, A Vasileiadis, G Vasseur, G Va'vra, J Verderi, M Versille, S Warner, D Weber, T Weber, TF Wenzel, W Wilson, R Wormser, G Yeche, C Yellin, S Zhang, B Zito, M GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI First year operational experience with the Cherenkov detector (DIRC) of BaBar SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID COUNTER AB The DIRC (acronym for Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov (light)) is a new type of Cherenkov ring imaging detector based on total internal reflection that is used for the first time in the BABAR detector at PEP-LI ring of SLAG. The Cherenkov radiators are long rectangular bars made of synthetic fused silica, the photon detector is a water tank equipped with an array of 10,752 conventional photomultipliers. The first year operational experience in the BABAR detector is presented using cosmic data and collision data in the energy region of the Y(4S) resonance. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Adam, I (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 77 EP 81 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200014 ER PT S AU O'Connor, P De Geronimo, G AF O'Connor, P De Geronimo, G GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Prospects for charge sensitive amplifiers in scaled CMOS SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID LOW-NOISE; THERMAL NOISE; TECHNOLOGY; DETECTORS; MOSFETS; PREAMPLIFIER; TRANSISTORS; PERFORMANCE AB Due to its low cost and flexibility for custom design, monolithic CMOS technology is being increasingly employed in charge preamplifiers across a broad range of applications, including both scientific research and commercial products. The associated detectors have capacitances ranging from 50 fF to several hundred pF, and applications call for pulse shaping from tens of ns to tens of mu s, and constrain the available power per channel from tens of mu W to tens of mW. At the same time a new technology generation, with changed device parameters, appears every 2 years or so. The optimum design of the front end circuitry is examined taking into account submicron device characteristics, weak inversion operation, the reset system, and power supply scaling. Experimental results from recent prototypes will be presented. We will also discuss the evolution of preamplifier topologies and anticipated performance limits as CMOS technology scales down to the 0.1 mu m / 1.0 V generation in 2006. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 88 EP 93 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200016 ER PT S AU Rehak, P Smith, GC Warren, JB Yu, B AF Rehak, P Smith, GC Warren, JB Yu, B GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI First results from the Micro Pin Array detector (MIPA) SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID GAS AB A technique for electron multiplication in gas is being developed that lends itself to easy fabrication with lithographic techniques. Moreover, the electrical characteristics of the resulting device are very stable. Comprising an array of anode pins that are recessed into a closely-packed hexagonal cathode, the MIcro-Pin Array (MIPA) represents a promising addition to micro-pattern detectors with two-dimensional sensitivity. We describe the electrostatic rationale behind the MIPA detectors design, the fabrication technique, and X-ray results that illustrate electrical stability and high rate capability. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rehak, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 110 EP 113 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200020 ER PT S AU Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ Moses, WW Dujardin, C AF Derenzo, SE Weber, MJ Moses, WW Dujardin, C GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Measurements of the intrinsic rise times of common inorganic scintillators SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID FLUORESCENT LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; RAY AB The intrinsic rise times of a number of common inorganic scintillators are determined using ultrafast measurements of luminescence following pulsed x-ray excitation. A Ti-sapphire mode-locked laser and a light-excited x-ray tube are used to produce x-ray pulses with 60 ps fwhm. Fluorescence photons are detected with a microchannel phototube and the response of the phototube and electronics is 45 ps fwhm. Samples are either powders or thin crystals painted black on five sides to reduce delayed scattered photons. The intrinsic scintillators CeF3, CdWO4, Bi4Ge3O12, and CsI have rise times less than or equal to 30 ps, indicating that electrons are promptly captured to form the excited states. The activated scintillators CaF2:Eu, ZnO:Ga, and Lu2SiO5:Ce have rise times less than or equal to 40 ps, indicating that the luminescent centers are excited by rapid sequential hole capture- electron capture. The activated scintillators CsI:Tl and YAlO3:Ce have slower rise times due to processes that delay the formation of excited states. It is shown that for practical scintillation detectors, internal reflections in the crystal can degrade observed rise times by hundreds of ps depending on size, reflector, and index of refraction. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5696-9; 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 152 EP 156 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200028 ER PT S AU Amman, M Luke, PN Lee, JS AF Amman, M Luke, PN Lee, JS GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI CdZnTe material uniformity and coplanar-grid gamma-ray detector performance SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID SEMICONDUCTOR AB "Electron-only" detection techniques such as the coplanar-grid method are effective in overcoming some of the charge transport problems of CdZnTe and, consequently, have led to large-volume gamma-ray detectors with good energy resolution while operating at room temperature. A requirement for the success of these techniques is uniformity in electron generation and transport. Once large inhomogeneities in these properties caused by grain boundaries and other large-scale crystal defects are eliminated through simple material screening techniques, small variations remain and Limit the gamma-ray energy resolution. In this paper we present the results from our characterization and analysis of these nonuniformities in commercially available CdZnTe, and we establish the relationship between the nonuniformities and the ultimate coplanar-grid gamma-ray detector performance through experimental measurements. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Amman, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 182 EP 189 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200034 ER PT S AU Brunett, BA Van Scyoc, JM Hilton, NR Lund, JC James, RB AF Brunett, BA Van Scyoc, JM Hilton, NR Lund, JC James, RB GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI The performance effects of crystal boundaries in cadmium zinc telluride radiation spectrometers SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB The specific performance effects of extended crystal defects in cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) radiation spectrometers have been investigated. While it is generally accepted that defects such as grain boundaries and decorated twins can have a significant deleterious impact on the performance of semiconductor radiation spectrometers, the detailed mechanisms of degradation have been previously unexplored. Because of the difficulties of the high pressure Bridgman (HPB) growth process. CZT materials generally contain a large number of such defects, and the yield of defect-free crystals is comparatively low. High-resolution gamma-ray response mapping has been combined with analytical spectral simulations to relate the anomalies in the measured detector response to the likely originating defect. Examples of several different types of boundaries have been examined in a range of commercial CZT detectors, with the relevant parameters of the boundary being its trapping or channeling nature and the properties of the material on each side of the boundary. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Brunett, BA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 190 EP 196 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200035 ER PT S AU Luke, PN Amman, M Phlips, BF Johnson, WN Kroeger, RA AF Luke, PN Amman, M Phlips, BF Johnson, WN Kroeger, RA GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Germanium orthogonal strip detectors with amorphous-semiconductor contacts SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB Germanium orthogonal strip detectors have been produced using amorphous-semiconductor contacts. The amorphous-semiconductor contact fabrication process is relatively simple, and it is capable of producing fine-pitched electrode structures. The bipolar blocking behavior of the amorphous-semiconductor contact permits its use on both sides of a detector, replacing conventional B ion implanted and Li diffused contacts. A 5 x 5 orthogonal strip detector has been produced using this technique. Experimental results from this detector are presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Luke, PN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 201 EP 204 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200037 ER PT S AU Shaw, T Stuermer, W AF Shaw, T Stuermer, W GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI The CDF TESTCLK module - Providing system level clocking and triggering for Run 2 prototyping crates SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB The TESTCLK module was specifically designed for use in prototyping crates for the Colliding Detector Facility (CDF) Run 2 Experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The TESTCLK Module allows the user to supply system clocks and trigger signals to stand-alone crates. This module has allowed designers of the CDF Run 2 electronics to thoroughly test their modules, despite the lack of a DAQ system supplied clock and trigger interface. This paper will explore the features that were found important to incorporate into the TESTCLK, and describe how they were implemented. This paper will also describe how the TESTCLK module nas been used to support the initial implementation of the DAQ system at CDF. This has allowed data taking and testing of CDF Electronic modules before production clock and trigger modules became available. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shaw, T (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 263 EP 266 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200052 ER PT S AU Holm, S Dittman, JR Freeman, J Klein, R Lewis, JD Shaw, TM Wesson, T Ciobanu, C Gerstenslager, J Hoftiezer, J Hughes, R Johnson, M Koehn, P Neu, C Sanchez, C Winer, BL Bloom, K Gerdes, D Dawson, JW Haberichter, WN AF Holm, S Dittman, JR Freeman, J Klein, R Lewis, JD Shaw, TM Wesson, T Ciobanu, C Gerstenslager, J Hoftiezer, J Hughes, R Johnson, M Koehn, P Neu, C Sanchez, C Winer, BL Bloom, K Gerdes, D Dawson, JW Haberichter, WN GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI System architecture and hardware design of the CDF XFT online track processor SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB A trigger track processor is being designed for CDF Run 2. This processor identifies high momentum (P-r > 1.5 GeV/c) charged tracks in the new central outer tracking chamber for the CDF II detector, The design of the track processor, called the eXtremely Fast Tracker (XFT), is highly parallel and handle an input rate of 183 Gbits/sec and output rate of 44 Gbits/sec. The XFT is pipelined and reports the results for a new event every 132ns, The XFT uses three stages, hit classification, segment finding, and segment linking. The pattern recognition algorithms for the three stages are implemented in Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) which allow for in-situ modification of thealgorithm at any time. The PLDs reside on three different types of modules. Prototypes of each of these modules have been designed and built, and are working. An overview of the hardware design and the system architecture are presented. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Holm, S (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 267 EP 274 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200053 ER PT S AU Shaw, TM Stuermer, W Wesson, TR Wilson, PJ AF Shaw, TM Stuermer, W Wesson, TR Wilson, PJ GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Protocols and standard crate configuration for a typical CDF Run 2 Readout Crate SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB This paper describes a standard for the readout and the trigger interface of a VMEbus based crate to be used by the front-end and trigger electronics of the CDF Run 2 experiment. Hereafter, this crate will be referred to as the CDF Readout Crate. The goal is to standardize the implementation of functions that are common among all systems (i.e. power distribution, timing signals, DAQ functions) while allowing some flexibility with other functions (e.g. cooling, rear transition modules, J3 backplanes, etc.). This allows designers of cards that satisfy this standard to have access to a common well defined crate system with interfaces to the trigger and DAQ system, allowing them to concentrate their efforts on the functions they need. This paper lists the mechanical specifications, readout scheme, backplane and signal distribution specifications of the CDF Readout Crate. The paper will also go into some detail on the TRigger And Clock + Event Readout (TRACER) module, a common CDF crate module which provides the crate interface to the system clock and the trigger system. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shaw, TM (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 275 EP 278 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200054 ER PT S AU Shaw, T Nelson, C Wesson, T AF Shaw, T Nelson, C Wesson, T GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI The design and PCB layout of the CDF run 2 calorimetry readout module SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB The CDF Calorimetry Readout module, called the ADMEM, has been designed to contain both the analog circuitry which digitizes the phototube charge pulses and the digital logic which supports the readout of the results through the CDF Run 2 DAQ system. The ADMEM module is a 9Ux400mm VMEbus module, which is housed in a CDF VMEbus VIPA crate. The ADMEM must support near deadtimeless operation, with data being digititized and stored for possible readout every 132ns or 7.6 Mhz. This paper will discuss the implementation of the analog and digital portions of the ADMEM module, and how the board was laid out to avoid the coupling of digital noise into the analog circuitry. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shaw, T (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 287 EP 291 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200056 ER PT S AU Pietraski, PJ Zojceski, Z AF Pietraski, PJ Zojceski, Z GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Fast centroid estimation algorithm for high-rate detectors based on a two-point Gaussian fit SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID POSITION AB Recent developments in detector back-end electronics for position sensitive gas proportional detectors have moved the data processing bottleneck out of the front-end electronics and into signal processing. Even with today's fastest DSP's, the centroid estimation of the cathode charge distribution can impose a limitation on the ultimate count rate attainable by the detector. Here we present a centroid-finding algorithm that does the bulk of the centroid calculations based on a two-point Gaussian fit that assumes apriori knowledge of the distribution's variance. The variance is estimated only in the calibration phase. The two-point algorithm has the advantage that no division is required, greatly reducing the computational burden on the DSP. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by implementation on existing detectors. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pietraski, PJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 292 EP 297 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200057 ER PT S AU Asmus, A Bellwied, R Beuttenmuller, R Chen, W Dyke, H Eremin, V Fiske, DR Hoffmann, GW Humanic, TJ Grau, M Ilyashenko, I Kotov, IV Kraner, HW Leonhardt, B Li, Z Lynn, D Pandey, SU Schambach, J Sedlmeir, J Sugarbaker, E Takahashi, J AF Asmus, A Bellwied, R Beuttenmuller, R Chen, W Dyke, H Eremin, V Fiske, DR Hoffmann, GW Humanic, TJ Grau, M Ilyashenko, I Kotov, IV Kraner, HW Leonhardt, B Li, Z Lynn, D Pandey, SU Schambach, J Sedlmeir, J Sugarbaker, E Takahashi, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Probe station testing of large area Silicon Drift Detectors SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID STAR EXPERIMENT AB Probe stations for STAR Silicon Drift Detectors testing were developed and built at BNL and Ohio State University. A throughput of a wafer per day per probe station was reached. Testing procedure and probe station design criteria are discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kotov, IV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012 OI Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 316 EP 321 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200062 ER PT S AU Zhang, WC Li, Z Siddons, DP Huang, W Zhao, LJ Li, CJ Kakuno, EM Pietraski, P AF Zhang, WC Li, Z Siddons, DP Huang, W Zhao, LJ Li, CJ Kakuno, EM Pietraski, P GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Design, simulation and testing of large area silicon drift detectors and detector array for X-ray spectroscopy SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB Large area (25 mm(2)) silicon drift detectors and detector arrays (5x5) have been designed, simulated, and fabricated for M-ray spectroscopy. On the anode side, the hexagonal drift detector was designed with self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) of fixed resistance between rings and with a grounded guard anode to separate surface current fi om the anode current. Two designs have been used for the P-side: symmetric self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) and a uniform backside p(+) implant. Only 3 to 5 electrodes are needed to bias the detector plus an anode for signal collection. With graded electrical potential, a sub-nanoampere anode current, and a very small anode capacitance, an initial FWHM of 1.3 keV, without optimization of all parameters, has been obtained for 5.9 keV Fe-55 X-ray at RT using a uniform backside detector. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, WC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 322 EP 326 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200063 ER PT S AU De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P Grosholz, J AF De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P Grosholz, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A CMOS baseline holder (BLH) for readout ASICs SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID SOLID-STATE DETECTORS; LINE RESTORER; SIGNALS; SYSTEM; CDTE AB As a result of a cooperation between Brookhaven National Laboratory and eV Products a generation of high performance readout ASICs was developed. One of the novel circuit solutions implemented in the ASICs is the baseline holder (BLH), a system which provides setting and stabilization of the output baseline both at low frequency and at high rate operation. The BLH is conceptually different from the baseline restorer (BLR). With a output peaking voltage 2V (10fC), a peaking time 400ns and a rate 500kKz, an asymptotic shift of the baseline < 8mV was measured. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 370 EP 374 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200073 ER PT S AU Aalseth, CE Arthur, RJ Reeves, JH AF Aalseth, CE Arthur, RJ Reeves, JH GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI An improved low-background cooled FET assembly for germanium spectroscopy SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB An improved low-background cooled FET assembly for germanium spectroscopy has been designed and tested at PNNL. This assembly was designed to improve signal fidelity, improve physical reliability under thermal cycling, and optimize the temperature of the FET. While meeting these goals. the assembly must also contribute negligibly to the radioactive background of the detector system. Component and material screening for this system were accomplished with two different PNNL ultra-low level spectrometers. Thermal design was validated using a cold stage at a variety of temperatures. Its temperature dependence allowed us, in one case, to calibrate the resistive feedback element as a temperature sensor. Electronic response was measured and compared to existing low-background and commercial systems. The result is an electrical and physical package that is robust and useful for special applications such as pulse shape analysis and ultra-low background radiation detection. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aalseth, CE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS P8-08,POB 999 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 378 EP 381 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200075 ER PT S AU Wielopolski, L Orion, I Hendrey, G AF Wielopolski, L Orion, I Hendrey, G GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Soil carbon measurements using inelastic neutron scattering SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB Carbon sequestration in soil plays a critical role in helping the world meet the challenges of climate change by reducing the atmospheric carbon dioxide. At present soil carbon is measured by taking core samples and involves extensive laboratory work. We propose a novel non-destructive in situ method far carbon analysis using the Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) reaction. The feasibility to detect carbon in soil was demonstrated using a clinical in vivo body composition facility, located in the Medical Department at BNL. A D-T generator, operated at 55 kV, irradiated 12 " x12 " x14 " aluminum boxes filled with 70 Ib clean sand and mixtures of sand with 2%, 5% and 10% by weight carbon powder. The spectra were acquired for 1 hr and subsequently the carbon peaks were analyzed using the trapezoidal method for peak extraction. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is suitable for carbon analysis in soil. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wielopolski, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI ORION, ITZHAK/F-2034-2012 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 510 EP 511 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200099 ER PT S AU De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P Grosholz, J AF De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P Grosholz, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A generation of CMOS readout ASICs for CZT detectors SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID SOLID-STATE DETECTORS; FRONT-END; OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIERS; ELECTRONICS; CIRCUIT; SIGNALS; SYSTEM; MODEL; CDTE AB As a result of a cooperation between Brookhaven National Laboratory and eV Products a generation of high performance readout ASICs was developed. The ASICs, realized in CMOS 0.5 mu m technology, are available in several different versions, single or multi-channel and with unipolar or bipolar shaper, in view of their use in research, spectroscopy, medical, safeguard and industrial applications. Four innovative circuit solutions are implemented in the ASICs: (i) a high linearity compensated continuous reset system which self-adapts to a wide range of detector leakage currents with minimum noise contribution; (ii) a high order shaper realized by using the follow-the-leader feedback (FLF)approach; (iii) a class AB rail-to-rail output stage with high driving capability; (iv) a baseline holder (BLH) for the baseline stabilization. The basic structure of the ASICs. a description of the novel circuit solutions and the preliminary experimental results are reported. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 518 EP 528 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200101 ER PT S AU Hoff, J Drake, G Byon-Wagner, A Foster, G Lindgren, M AF Hoff, J Drake, G Byon-Wagner, A Foster, G Lindgren, M GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI SMQIE: A charge integrator and encoder chip for the CDF run II shower max detector SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB The Technical Design Report for the CDF II Detector calls for the development of an imbedded two-dimensional position sensitive detector sandwiched inside the electromagnetic calorimeter and placed at the shower maximum. The purpose of this detector is to aid in the identification of electrons and photons, to separate photons from pi(0)s, and to help identify electromagnetic showers. This detector is called the Shower Max. In order to achieve CDF's goals for resolution, timing, power and economy, as well as to fit into the available space, a full-custom integrated circuit was required for the project - the SMQIE. The SMQIE has been fabricated in a 1.2 mu m CMOS process using vertical NPN transistors in critical areas. It operates without deadtime. Its QIEs have eight ranges and an overall dynamic range of 13 bits. Its FADCs have a 5-bit resolution with a nominal LSB of 31.25 mV. Its Level 1 Trigger delays are 42 beam crossings or approximately 5.5 mu s. Its data buffers hold up to four events, each of which can consist of four time slices. Finally, the chip accepts a maximum input charge up to 150 pC with a minimum resolution of 15 fC. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hoff, J (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 571 EP 575 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200111 ER PT S AU De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P AF De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A CMOS fully compensated continuous reset system SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID DETECTORS; CDTE AB As a result of a cooperation between Brookhaven National Laboratory and eV Products a generation of high performance readout ASICs was developed. One of the novel circuit Solutions implemented in the ASICs is a fully compensated continuous reset system capable of handling detector leakage currents up to several tens of nA with high linearity and with noise contribution always lower than the shot noise contribution of the detector. The reset is based on the use of a MOSFET operating above threshold and in saturation. The full compensation is obtained by using a suitable replica of the reset MOSFET. The experimental results are reported. Evaluation and measurement of the noise contribution and of the dependence of the gain on the leakage current are also discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 584 EP 588 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200113 ER PT S AU Park, IJ Kim, JG Kim, HK Hong, WS Han, SH Perez-Mendez, V Kadyk, J Wenzel, W Joo, KS AF Park, IJ Kim, JG Kim, HK Hong, WS Han, SH Perez-Mendez, V Kadyk, J Wenzel, W Joo, KS GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Columnar cesium iodide (CsI) and LIGA micro-hole arrays for use in gas avalanche detectors SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID RESISTIVE-PLATE CHAMBER; SECONDARY-EMISSION; X-RAYS AB The characteristics of a columnar CsI layer with gas multiplication was investigated by using beta rays from a Sr-90 source. This layer is intended for use as the primary electron source in any gas avalanche microdetector to avoid severe performance loss by the oblique angle of the incident charged particle. It was initially thought that the columnar structure might provide a larger detection efficiency than a planar CsI layer, because of the many surface crossings of incident particle for the columnar geometry. The columnar CsI study was performed in a thin parallel-plane structure, which has a 50-500 mu m gas gap between a columnar CsI cathode and metal anode. We discuss the secondary emission and electric fields in the columnar structure, and explain why, based upon field simulation and experimental results, this approach does not succeed in this case. New ideas are presented for driftless gas avalanche detectors insensitive to the angle of incidence. C1 LBNL, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Park, IJ (reprint author), LBNL, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 606 EP 610 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200118 ER PT S AU Kim, HK Jackson, K Hong, WS Park, IJ Han, SH Kadyk, J Perez-Mendez, V Wenzel, W Cho, G AF Kim, HK Jackson, K Hong, WS Park, IJ Han, SH Kadyk, J Perez-Mendez, V Wenzel, W Cho, G GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Application of the LIGA process for fabrication of gas avalanche devices SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID DETECTOR; GEM AB Arrays of holes having steep wall sides have been successfully prepared by using a deep X-ray lithography technique, or LIGA process, on various thicknesses (50 - 1,000 mu m) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) plastic sheets. Electrical contact layers onto the top and bottom sides were deposited by metal evaporation in a vacuum. The completed LIGA devices were studied as an alternative design of the gas electron multiplier (GEM). The first measurements of performance were very promising: a lower limit to the avalanche gain of similar to 3,000 was obtained, and the actual gain is probably much larger. Detailed experimental results and field simulations will be described in this study. In addition, an application of a LIGA device to serve as a drift plane electrode, avoiding the angle dependency, will be discussed. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, HK (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 633 EP 637 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200123 ER PT S AU Han, SH Hong, WS Kim, HK Kim, JG Park, IJ Kadyk, J Wenzel, W Perez-Mendez, V AF Han, SH Hong, WS Kim, HK Kim, JG Park, IJ Kadyk, J Wenzel, W Perez-Mendez, V GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Insensitive zones and space resolution of microdot (MDOT) detectors of 50, 100 and 200 micron pitch SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE ID AVALANCHE AB Insensitive regions and spatial resolution of the microdot (MDOT) detectors having 200 mu m, 100 mu m, and 50 mu m pitches were studied using a collimated X-ray as a probe. The insensitive zones measured by the probe scan were compared with those estimated previously from the drift voltage dependence of the count rate variation. The X-ray probe scan was done along an isolated strip of a ganged linear array of MDOT anodes, and this showed the existence of insensitive zones in the 200 mu m pitch detector. However, we did not observe these in the in the 100 mu m and 50 mu m pitch detectors. The spatial resolution, indicated by the standard deviation of the fitted Gaussian distribution of scanning signals across the anode strip, was determined to be 80 mu m, 55 mu m, and 51 mu m for the 200 mu m, 100 mu m, and 50 mu m pitch detectors, respectively. Therefore, the 100 mu m was determined to be the optimum pitch for absence of the insensitive zones, good spatial resolution, and good avalanche gain. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 660 EP 664 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200129 ER PT S AU Rose, CR Lara, PD Nelson, RA AF Rose, CR Lara, PD Nelson, RA GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Design and performance of the LANL neutron science center time-of-flight/area VXI module SO 1999 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM - CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference CY OCT 24-30, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Argonne Natl Labs, Bicron Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, CTI PET Syst Inc, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Med Syst, INFN Sezione Ferrara Italy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NASA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Picker Int, Sandia Natl Labs, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Univ Calif Irvine, Univ Washington, Seattle, Univ Ferrara Italy, Univ Utah, US DOE AB This paper describes the design and performance of a new VXI-based Time-of-Flight/Area Detector (TOF/A) module used at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Manuel Lujan Neutron Scattering Center. Working in conjunction with external Area-Detector electronics developed by Brookhaven National Laboratory, the module accepts 10-bit x- and y-input data along with necessary hand shaking signals to generate 64-bit wide data events. The module uses field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and differential-input RS-422 signal conditioning for a flexible topology. Two frame FIFOs, each 16k-words deep by 64-bits wide, accumulate event data at up to 450 kEvents/sec during a frame until the host CPU can read out the data. One FIFO is read while the other is being filled. The FPGAs have been programmed to interface, control, and read data from the area-detector electronics. Each 64-bit event word consists of a 24-bit time stamp, an 8-bit channel identification number for when multiple modules are used in one VXI crate, 10 bits each for x and y position, and 12 bits which are presently undefined. Using a backplane 10-MHz clock, timing resolution is +/-50 ns. The paper describes the block diagram of the module including a description of the timing, data and event structure, FPGA programming highlights, data accumulation specifications, and general module specifications and performance benchmarks. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rose, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 0-7803-5697-7 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 1999 BP 757 EP 759 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BQ74H UT WOS:000089372200152 ER EF