FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Huang, M Tso, E Datye, AK Prairie, MR Stange, BM AF Huang, M Tso, E Datye, AK Prairie, MR Stange, BM TI Removal of silver in photographic processing waste by TiO2-based photocatalysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECOVERY AB Treatability data on actual waste show that titania-based photocatalysis can be used to remove silver ions from black and white photoprocessing waste. The silver ion is reduced to its metallic form producing particles comparable in size to the TiO2 catalyst particles. The mass of silver recovered approaches three times that of the titania. Thiosulfate (the predominant chemical in spent fixer) plays a complicated role in the process of silver ion reduction: (1) as a hole scavenger, it can increase the silver reduction rate; (2) as the chemical that stabilizes silver ion in solution, thiosulfate hinders photocatalysis when present at high concentration. Metallic silver can be separated from titania by the physical process of sonication. We also show that sunlight can be used directly to power the photo-electrochemical silver removal process. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOL DEPT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. OI Datye, Abhaya/0000-0002-7126-8659 NR 11 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 3084 EP 3088 DI 10.1021/es960167l PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VL046 UT WOS:A1996VL04600048 ER PT J AU Nimlos, MR Wolfrum, EJ Brewer, ML Fennell, JA Bintner, G AF Nimlos, MR Wolfrum, EJ Brewer, ML Fennell, JA Bintner, G TI Gas-phase heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of ethanol: Pathways and kinetic modeling SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS; ACETIC-ACID; TIO2; PHOTOOXIDATION; FORMALDEHYDE; ADSORPTION; WATER; AIR; TRICHLOROETHYLENE AB The kinetics of photocatalytic oxidation of ethanol has been studied, and the formation and destruction rates of products have been measured. The important intermediates were identified as acetaldehyde, acetic acid, formaldehyde, and formic acid. Minor reaction channels resulted in the formation of methyl formate, ethyl formate, and methyl acetate. Kinetic and ''dark'' adsorption parameters were measured for ethanol and all of the important intermediates. We have modeled the complete oxidation process using a sequential chemical reaction mechanism. This mechanism is based primarily upon known homogeneous chemistry. However, the formation of acids from aldehydes in photocatalytic oxidation is different from known homogeneous chemistry and demonstrates the ability of the solid surface to stabilize energized transient species. We have measured the adsorption isotherms for ethanol and the oxidized intermediates and have concluded that there are two adsorption sites for same of the chemical species. We think it is possible that the adsorption properties of the compounds will change when the solid is illuminated. RP Nimlos, MR (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, 1617 COLE BLVD, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 43 TC 129 Z9 131 U1 8 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 3102 EP 3110 DI 10.1021/es9602298 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VL046 UT WOS:A1996VL04600051 ER PT J AU Clark, JF Clark, DL Whitener, GD Schroeder, NC Strauss, SH AF Clark, JF Clark, DL Whitener, GD Schroeder, NC Strauss, SH TI Isolation of soluble Tc-99 as a compact solid using a recyclable, redox active, metal-complex extractant SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANION-EXCHANGE RESIN; PERTECHNETATE; BEHAVIOR; SOLVENTS; PERRHENATE; WATER C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV CST11,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 3124 EP 3127 DI 10.1021/es960394n PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VL046 UT WOS:A1996VL04600055 ER PT J AU McCloskey, JT Newman, MC Clark, SB AF McCloskey, JT Newman, MC Clark, SB TI Predicting the relative toxicity of metal ions using ion characteristics: Microtox(R) bioluminescence assay SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE metal; toxicity; bioactivity; Microtox(R); bacteria ID HEAVY-METALS; MEMBRANES; COMPONENTS; TRANSPORT; CHLORIDE AB Quantitative structure-activity relationships have been used to predict the relative toxicity of organic compounds. Although not as common, ion characteristics have also proven useful for predicting the relative toxicity of metal ions. The purpose of this study was to determine if the relative toxicity of metal ions using the Microtox(R) bioassay was predictable using ion characteristics. Median effect concentrations (EC50s) were determined for 20 metals in a NaNO3 medium, which reflected freshwater speciation conditions, using the Microtox bacterial assay. The log of EC50 values was modeled using several ion characteristics, and Akaike's Information Criterion was calculated to determine which ion characteristics provided the best fit. Whether modeling total ion (unspeciated) or free ion (speciated) EC50 values, the one variable which best modeled EC50s was the softness index (sigma(p), i.e., [coordinate bond energy of the metal fluoride - coordinate bond energy of the metal iodide]/[coordinate bond energy of the metal fluoride]), while a combination of chi(m)(2)r (chi(m) = electronegativity, r = Pauling ionic radius) and \log K-OH\(absolute value of the log of the first hydrolysis constant, K-OH for M(n+) + H2O --> MOH(n-1) + H+) was the best two-variable model. Other variables, including Delta E(0) and chi(m)(2)r (one-variable models) and (AN/Delta/P, Delta E(0)) and (chi(m)(2)r, Z(2)/r) (two-variable models), also gave adequate fits. Modeling with speciated (free ion) versus unspeciated (total ion) EC50 values did not improve fits. Modeling mono-, di-, and trivalent metal ions separately improved the models. We conclude that ion characteristics can be used to predict the relative toxicity of metal ions whether in freshwater (NaNO3 medium) or saltwater (NaCl medium) speciation conditions and that this approach can be applied to metal ions varying widely in both valence and binding tendencies. RP McCloskey, JT (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 26 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 23 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1730 EP 1737 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<1730:PTRTOM>2.3.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA VK145 UT WOS:A1996VK14500011 ER PT J AU Evans, BR Lane, LM Margalit, R Hathaway, GM Ragauskas, A Woodward, J AF Evans, BR Lane, LM Margalit, R Hathaway, GM Ragauskas, A Woodward, J TI Comparison of the properties of native and pentaamminenruthenium(III)-modified xylanase SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical modification; xylanase; ruthenium; oxidase ID BACILLUS-PUMILUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; PULP; SITE; PENTAAMMINERUTHENIUM(III); IDENTIFICATION; PRETREATMENT; REDUCTION; MYOGLOBIN AB Two xylanases, xynA of Bacillus pumilus and xyn II of Trichoderma reesei, were purified and then modified by the attachment of pentaammineruthenium, thereby resulting in the generation of a xylanase with veratryl alcohol oxidase activity. Hydrolytic activity of T. reesei xyn II on soluble xylans was unchanged by modification with pentaammineruthenium; however modification of B. pumilus xynA greatly reduced xylan hydrolysis unless the active site of the xylanase was protected with xylose during the modification. The presence of histidine, cysteine, or reduced glutathione during xylan hydrolysis greatly increased the xylanase activity of the pentaammineruthenium-modified B. pumilus xylanase. Glycine, glutamic acid, methionine, or oxidized glutathione had no effect on xylanase activity. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA. CALTECH,BECKMAN INST,PASADENA,CA 91125. INST PAPER SCI & TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30318. RP Evans, BR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MS6194,RM A-5,4500 N BETHEL VALLEY RD,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0141-0229 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 5 BP 367 EP 373 DI 10.1016/S0141-0229(96)00014-2 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA VE716 UT WOS:A1996VE71600009 PM 8987538 ER PT J AU Lott, SE Gardner, TJ McLaughlin, LI John, B AF Lott, SE Gardner, TJ McLaughlin, LI John, B TI Evaluation of hydrous titanium oxide-supported NiMo catalysts for pyrene hydrogenation and upgrading coal-derived liquids SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE coal liquids; hydrotreatment; NiMo/HTO:Si catalysts ID PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SILICA MIXED OXIDES; MOLYBDENUM CATALYSTS; SURFACE-ACIDITY; HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS; ALUMINA; LIQUEFACTION; SELECTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; MORPHOLOGY AB This study focuses on the synthesis of NiMo-based catalysts in both bulk and coated forms, using ion-exchangeable silica-doped hydrous titanium oxide (HTO:Si) supports. These catalysts were evaluated and compared against commercial NiMo-based catalysts (Amocat 1C and Shell 324) with respect to the hydrogenation of pyrene and the hydrodesulfurization/hydrodenitrogenation of coal-derived liquids. For pyrene hydrogenation, both bulk and supported (coated) NiMo/HTO:Si catalysts performed better than commercial benchmark catalysts on either a catalyst weight or an active metals basis. For both hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation of coal-derived liquids in a trickle-bed reactor, the supported and bulk forms of the NiMo/HTO:Si catalysts nearly equalled the overall performance of the commercial catalysts at 3.45, 6.89 and 10.3 MPa and were superior on a total active metals basis. Extensive catalyst characterization was performed to explain the enhanced activity of the NiMo/HTO:Si materials. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Lott, SE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,PROC RES DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD OCT PY 1996 VL 75 IS 12 BP 1457 EP 1466 DI 10.1016/0016-2361(96)00126-3 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VL676 UT WOS:A1996VL67600014 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, DV Burgard, C AF Ahluwalia, DV Burgard, C TI Gravitationally induced neutrino-oscillation phases SO GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION LA English DT Article DE supernova; neutrino anomaly ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS; MATTER; GRAVITY; (NU)OVER-BAR(MU)->(NU)OVER-BAR(E); NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; VIOLATION; SEARCH; BURST; MASS AB In this essay, we introduce a new effect of gravitationally induced quantum mechanical phases in neutrino oscillations. These phases arise from a hitherto unexplored interplay of gravitation and the principle of the linear superposition of quantum mechanics. In the neighborhood of a 1.4 solar-mass neutron star, gravitationally induced quantum mechanical phases are roughly 20% of their kinematical counterparts. When this information is coupled with the mass square differences implied by the existing neutrino-oscillation data we find that the new effect may have profound consequences for type-II supernova evolution. C1 UNIV HAMBURG,DESY,INST EXPT PHYS 2,D-22607 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RP Ahluwalia, DV (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP H-8-16,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 65 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0001-7701 J9 GEN RELAT GRAVIT JI Gen. Relativ. Gravit. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1161 EP 1170 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL369 UT WOS:A1996VL36900001 ER PT J AU Taranenko, NI Matteson, KJ Chung, CN Zhu, YF Chang, LY Allman, SL Haff, L Martin, SA Chen, CH AF Taranenko, NI Matteson, KJ Chung, CN Zhu, YF Chang, LY Allman, SL Haff, L Martin, SA Chen, CH TI Laser desorption mass spectrometry for point mutation detection SO GENETIC ANALYSIS-BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CYSTIC-FIBROSIS MUTATIONS; MATRIX; IONIZATION; DNA; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; EXTRACTION; PROTEINS; ACID; GENE AB A point mutation can be associated with the pathogenesis of inherited or acquired diseases. Laser desorption mass spectrometry coupled with allele specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was first used for point mutation detection. G551D is one of several mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene present in 1-3% of the mutant CFTR alleles in most European populations. In this work, two different approaches were pursued to detect G551D point mutation in the cystic fibrosis gene. The strategy is to amplify the desired region of DNA template by PCR using two primers that overlap one base at the site of the point mutation and which vary in size. If the two primers based on the normal sequence match the target DNA sequence, a normal PCR product will be produced. However, if the alternately sized primers that match the mutant sequence et DNA, an abnormal PCR product will be produced. Thus, the mass spectrometer can be used to identify patients that are homozygous normal, heterozygous for a mutation or homozygous abnormal at a mutation site. Another approach to identify similar mutations is the use of sequence specific restriction enzymes which respond to changes in the DNA sequence. Mass spectrometry is used to detect the length of the restriction fragments generated by digestion of a PCR generated target fragment. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,PHOTOPHYS GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,MED CTR,KNOXVILLE,TN. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 115,TAIWAN. PERSEPT BIOSYST INC,FRAMINGHAM,MA. RI Allman, Steve/A-9121-2011 OI Allman, Steve/0000-0001-6538-7048 NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1050-3862 J9 GENET ANAL-BIOMOL E JI Genet. Anal.-Biomol. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 4 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S1050-3862(95)00154-9 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VV031 UT WOS:A1996VV03100001 PM 8950580 ER PT J AU Drmanac, S Stavropoulos, NA Labat, I Vonau, J Hauser, B Soares, MB Drmanac, R AF Drmanac, S Stavropoulos, NA Labat, I Vonau, J Hauser, B Soares, MB Drmanac, R TI Gene-representing cDNA clusters defined by hybridization of 57,419 clones from infant brain libraries with short oligonucleotide probes SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS AB Diverse biochemical and computational procedures and facilities have been developed to hybridize thousands of DNA clones with short oligonucleotide probes and subsequently to extract valuable genetic information, This technology has been applied to 73,536 cDNA clones from infant brain libraries. By a mutual comparison of 57,419 samples that were successfully scored by 200-320 probes, 19,726 genes have been identified and sorted by their expression levels. The data indicate that an additional 20,000 or more genes may be expressed in the infant brain. Representative clones of the found genes create a Valuable resource for complete sequencing and functional studies of many novel genes. These results demonstrate the unique capacity of hybridization technology to identify weakly transcribed genes and to study gene networks involved in organismal development, aging, or tumorigenesis by monitoring the expression of every gene in related tissues, whether known or still undiscovered. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,INTEGRAL GENET CORP,ARGONNE,IL 60439. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10032. NR 19 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0517 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VL371 UT WOS:A1996VL37100005 PM 8921367 ER PT J AU Milosavljevic, A Savkovic, S Crkvenjakov, R Salbego, D Serrato, H Kreuzer, H Gemmell, A Batus, S Grujic, D Carnahan, S Paunesku, T Tepavcevic, J AF Milosavljevic, A Savkovic, S Crkvenjakov, R Salbego, D Serrato, H Kreuzer, H Gemmell, A Batus, S Grujic, D Carnahan, S Paunesku, T Tepavcevic, J TI DNA sequence recognition by hybridization to short oligomers: Experimental verification of the method on the E-coli genome SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article AB A newly developed method for sequence recognition by hybridization to short oligomers is verified for the first time in genome-scale experiments. The experiments involved hybridization of 15,328 randomly selected 2-kb genomic clones of Escherichia coli with 997 short oligomer probes to detect complementary oligomers within the clones. Lists of oligomers detected within individual clones were compiled into a database. The database was then searched using known E. coli sequences as queries, The goal was to recognize the clones that are identical or similar to the query sequences. A total of 76 putative recognitions were tested in two separate but complementary recognition experiments. The results indicate high specificity of recognition. Current and prospective applications of this novel method are discussed. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Paunesku, Tatjana/A-3488-2017 OI Paunesku, Tatjana/0000-0001-8698-2938 NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0523 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VL371 UT WOS:A1996VL37100011 PM 8921373 ER PT J AU Collin, GB Munch, A Mu, JL Naggert, JK Olsen, AS Nishina, PM AF Collin, GB Munch, A Mu, JL Naggert, JK Olsen, AS Nishina, PM TI Physical and genetic mapping of novel microsatellite polymorphisms on human chromosome 19 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SITU HYBRIDIZATION MAP; REPEAT-POLYMORPHISM; LINKAGE MAP; RECOMBINATION AB We describe here the identification of 11 novel microsatellite polymorphisms on human chromosome 19. These dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms were detected in chromosome 19-specific cosmids that were physically mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization. For each repeat, flanking oligonucleotide primers were synthesized and the polymerase chain reaction assay was performed on a panel of 100 unrelated individuals to determine the heterozygosity and allele frequencies, To characterize these markers further, genetic and radiation hybrid maps were constructed. These microsatellite polymorphisms will be valuable in further linkage analysis of inherited diseases on chromosome 19p. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 JACKSON LAB,BAR HARBOR,ME 04609. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-48719] NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0529 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VL371 UT WOS:A1996VL37100017 PM 8921379 ER PT J AU Criscenti, LJ Laniak, GF Erikson, RL AF Criscenti, LJ Laniak, GF Erikson, RL TI Propagation of uncertainty through geochemical code calculations SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS; SYSTEMS AB Geochemical codes are used to identify the processes (speciation, solubility, and adsorption) controlling both natural water and waste leachate compositions. The uncertainties in geochemical calculations are important to environmental assessments, because decision-makers must be alerted to the potential error associated with predictions derived from the calculations. In this study, overall uncertainty is determined by propagating Monte Carlo-generated analytical and thermodynamic uncertainties through a geochemical code, and generating probabilistic distributions of the calculated output. Then Generalized Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is used to separate the model responses into two classes or groups based on specified performance criteria. The relative contribution of the uncertainty associated with each input parameter to the output uncertainty is determined by comparing the cumulative distribution functions of the parameters in the two classes. The combined use of the Monte Carlo method with GSA is used to examine the significance of analytical and thermodynamic uncertainties in predicted pH values for a simple sodium bicarbonate buffer solution and for calcite saturation indices in the system Ca-CO3-Na-Cl-H2O. Statistical results concur with a geochemically based interpretation of each system. This agreement suggests that in the study of complex environmental systems that are not well known, GSA may be used both to focus the investigator's attention on the key parameters and uncertainties in the system, and to distinguish between the parameters that require more precise measurement and those that are sufficiently well known for model interpretation. C1 US EPA, ATHENS, GA 30605 USA. COLUMBIA ENVIRONM SCI INC, KENNEWICK, WA 99336 USA. RP Criscenti, LJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1996 VL 60 IS 19 BP 3551 EP 3568 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00188-3 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WB001 UT WOS:A1996WB00100001 ER PT J AU Whicker, FW Kirchner, TB Anspaugh, LR Ng, YC AF Whicker, FW Kirchner, TB Anspaugh, LR Ng, YC TI Ingestion of Nevada Test Site fallout: Internal dose estimates SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose assessment; dose, internal; ingestion; fallout ID EXTERNAL GAMMA-EXPOSURE; FOOD-CHAIN MODEL; RADIONUCLIDE INGESTION; HARDTACK-II; TEST SERIES; PATHWAY; AGROECOSYSTEMS; TRANSPORT AB This paper summarizes individual and collective dose estimates for the internal organs of hypothetical yet representative residents of selected communities that received measurable fallout from nuclear detonations at the Nevada Test Site. The doses, which resulted from ingestion of local and regional food products contaminated,vith over 20 radionuclides, were estimated with use of the PATHWAY food-chain-transport model to provide estimates of central tendency and uncertainty. The thyroid gland received much higher doses than other internal organs and tissues. In a very few cases, infants might have received thyroid doses in excess of 1 Gy, depending on location, diet, and timing of fallout. I-131 was the primary thyroid dose contributor, and fresh milk was the main exposure pathway. With the exception of the thyroid, organ doses from the ingestion pathway were much smaller (<3%) than those from external gamma exposure to deposited fallout. Doses to residents living closest to the Nevada Test Site were contributed mainly by a few fallout events; doses to more distantly located people were generally smaller, but a greater number of events provided measurable contributions. The effectiveness of different fallout events in producing internal organ doses through ingestion varied dramatically with seasonal timing of the test, with maximum dose per unit fallout occurring for early summer depositions when milk cows were on pasture and fresh, local vegetables were used. Within specific communities, internal doses differed by age, sex, and lifestyle. Collective internal dose estimates for specific geographic areas are provided. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, RISK SCI CTR, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. COLORADO STATE UNIV, NAT RESOURCE ECOL LAB, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. RP Whicker, FW (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT RADIOL HLTH SCI, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 477 EP 486 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00006 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200008 PM 8830749 ER PT J AU Kirchner, TB Whicker, FW Anspaugh, LR Ng, YC AF Kirchner, TB Whicker, FW Anspaugh, LR Ng, YC TI Estimating internal dose due to ingestion of radionuclides from Nevada Test Site fallout SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE fallout; dose; ingestion; radionuclide ID FOOD-CHAIN MODEL; PATHWAY; AGROECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; TRANSPORT AB The U.S. Department of Energy initiated the Radiation Exposure Review Project to provide a critical reexamination of radiation doses to people resulting from testing nuclear devices at the Nevada Test Site. One part of this effort focused on the dose resulting from the ingestion of contaminated food. The PATHWAY radionuclide transport model was developed to provide estimates of food concentrations for 20 radionuclides for each of 86 test events and 15 agricultural scenarios. These results were then used as input to the Human Ingestion model to provide dose estimates for individuals and populations in 9 western states. The model considered the life-style and age of the people, and accounted for the transport of milk between locations. Estimates of uncertainty were provided for all doses using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Propagation of uncertainty between the PATHWAY model and the Human Ingestion model required the development of special strategies to ensure that the inherent correlations between concentrations of the radionuclides in foods were handled properly. In addition, the size of the input data base (60 megabytes), the number of cases to consider (over 30,000), and the number of Monte Carlo simulations (over 6 million) required the development of efficient and reliable methods of data access and storage while running simulations concurrently on up to 14 UNIX workstations. The problems encountered in this effort are likely to be typical of any dose reconstruction involving geographically heterogeneous environmental conditions. This paper documents the methods used to disaggregate the system to achieve computation efficiency, the methods used to propagate uncertainty through the model system, and the techniques used to manage data in a distributed computing environment. The radionuclide- and age-specific dose factors used in the analysis are also provided. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT RADIOL HLTH SCI, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, CTR RISK ANAL, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP Kirchner, TB (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV, NAT RESOURCE ECOL LAB, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 487 EP 501 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00007 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200009 PM 8830750 ER PT J AU Shipler, DB Napier, BA Farris, WT Freshley, MD AF Shipler, DB Napier, BA Farris, WT Freshley, MD TI Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project - An overview SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose assessment; environmental transport; I-131; agriculture AB The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project was initiated because of public interest in the historical releases of radioactive materials from the Hanford Site, located in southcentral Washington State. By 1986, over 38,000 pages of environmental monitoring documentation from the early years of Hanford operations had been released. Special committees reviewing the documents recommended initiation of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project, which began in October 1987, and is conducted by Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories. The technical approach taken was to reconstruct releases of radioactive materials based on facility operating information; develop and/or adapt transport, pathway, and dose models and computer codes; reconstruct environmental, meteorological, and hydrological monitoring information; reconstruct demographic, agricultural, and lifestyle characteristics; apply statistical methods to all forms of uncertainty in the information, parameters, and models; and perform scientific investigations that were technically defensible. The geographic area for the study includes similar to 2 x 10(5) km(2) (75,000 mi(2)) in eastern Washington, western Idaho, and northeastern Oregon (essentially the Mid-Columbia Basin of the Pacific Northwest). Three exposure pathways were considered: the atmosphere, the Columbia River, and ground water. The radionuclide of interest for atmospheric pathway doses was I-131. The median dose for the maximally exposed individual was similar to 2.3 Gy (230 rad) to the thyroid over the period from 1944 to 1972 with a 90% subjective confidence interval of 0.54 to 8.4 Gy (54 to 840 rad). The Columbia River was studied from Priest Rapids Dam, upstream of the Hanford Site, to the mouth of the river and nearby bays. Radionuclides of interest for river pathway doses were Na-24, P-32, Zn-65, As-76, and Np-239. The median dose from the river pathway for the maximally exposed individual was similar to 0.0015 Sv (0.15 rem) effective dose equivalent in the period of maximum exposure (1950-1970). Doses from the groundwater pathway were determined to be below levels of interest for the project. RP Shipler, DB (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [200-92-0503 CDC/18620] NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 532 EP 544 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00011 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200013 PM 8830754 ER PT J AU Heeb, CM Gydesen, SP Simpson, JC Bates, DJ AF Heeb, CM Gydesen, SP Simpson, JC Bates, DJ TI Reconstruction of radionuclide releases from the Hanford Site, 1944-1972 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo; reactor, nuclear; plutonium; radiation, atmospheric AB Historic releases of key radionuclides were estimated as a first step in determining the radiation doses that resulted from Hanford Site operations. The Hanford Site was built in southcentral Washington State during World War II to provide plutonium for the U.S. nuclear weapons program. As part of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project, releases to the Columbia River of Na-24, P-32, Sc-46, Cr-51, Mn-56, Zn-65, Ga-72, As-76, Y-90, I-131, Np-239, and nonvolatile gross beta activity from operation of eight Hanford single-pass production reactors were estimated. Releases of Sr-90, Ru-103, Ru-106, I-131, Ce-144, and Pu-239 to the atmosphere from operation of chemical separation facilities were also estimated. These radionuclides and the atmospheric and Columbia River pathways were selected for study because scoping studies showed them to be the largest contributors to dose from Hanford operations. The highest doses resulted from releases to the atmosphere of I-131 from chemical separations plants in the pre-1950 period. Prior to 1950, the technology for limiting iodine releases had not been developed. Hence, a very detailed reconstruction of the hourly I-131 release history was achieved for 1944-1949 using Monte Carlo methods. Atmospheric releases of the other radionuclides were estimated on a monthly basis for 1944-1972 using deterministic calculations. Monthly releases to the Columbia River for 1944-1971 were based on Monte Carlo methods. RP Heeb, CM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [200-92-0503 CDC/18620] NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 545 EP 555 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00012 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200014 PM 8830755 ER PT J AU Walters, WH Richmond, MC Gilmore, BG AF Walters, WH Richmond, MC Gilmore, BG TI Reconstruction of radioactive contamination in the Columbia River SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE contamination, environmental; environmental transport; dose assessment; water AB As part of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project, an unsteady flow hydraulic model, modified to include radionuclide decay, was used to simulate the transport of radionuclides released to the Columbia River from Hanford. The model was applied to the river from Priest Rapids Dam to the vicinity of Portland, Oregon, for the period from January 1950 through January 1971. Model output consisted of monthly-average water concentrations for Na-24, P-32, Zn-65, As-76, and Np-239. Model validation was accomplished by comparing computed water depths and Cr-51 concentrations to measured field data. This paper discusses the modeling approach and compares the results to historical river monitoring data collected during the peak years of operation. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Richmond, Marshall/D-3915-2013 OI Richmond, Marshall/0000-0003-0111-1485 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 556 EP 567 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00013 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200015 PM 8830756 ER PT J AU Ramsdell, JV Simonen, CA Burk, KW Stage, SA AF Ramsdell, JV Simonen, CA Burk, KW Stage, SA TI Atmospheric dispersion and deposition of I-131 released from the Hanford Site SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE I-131; dose assessment; radioactivity, airborne; emissions, atmospheric ID RADIOACTIVITY AB Approximately 2.6 x 10(4) TBg (700,000 Ci) of I-131 were released to the air from reactor fuel processing plants on the Hanford Site in southcentral Washington State from December 1944 through December 1949. The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project developed a suite of codes to estimate the doses that might have resulted from these releases. The Regional Atmospheric Transport Code for Hanford Emission Tracking (RATCHET) computer code is part of this suite. The RATCHET code implements a Lagrangian-trajectory, Gaussian-puff dispersion model that uses hourly meteorological and release rate data to estimate daily time-integrated air concentrations and surface contamination for use in dose estimates. In this model, iodine is treated as a mixture of three species (inorganic gases, organic gases, and particles). Model deposition parameters are functions of the mixture and meteorological conditions. A resistance model is used to calculate dry deposition velocities. Equilibrium between concentrations in the precipitation and the air near the ground is assumed in calculating wet deposition of gases, and irreversible washout of the particles is assumed. RATCHET explicitly treats the uncertainties in model parameters and meteorological conditions. Uncertainties in I-131 release rates and partitioning among the nominal species are treated by varying model input. The results of 100 model runs for December 1944 through December 1949 indicate that monthly average air concentrations and deposition have uncertainties ranging from a factor of two near the center of the time-integrated plume to more than an order of magnitude near the edge. These results indicate that similar to 10% of the I-131 released to the atmosphere decayed during transit in the study area, similar to 56% was deposited within the study area, and the remaining 34% was transported out of the study area while still in the air. RP Ramsdell, JV (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [200-92-0503 CDC/18620] NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 568 EP 577 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00014 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200016 PM 8830757 ER PT J AU Anderson, DM Marsh, TL Deonigi, DA AF Anderson, DM Marsh, TL Deonigi, DA TI Developing historical food production and consumption data for I-131 dose estimates: The Hanford experience SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE food chain; nutrition pathways; environmental transport; milk AB This paper describes the methods used to reconstruct the movement of commercial foods in and through the study area of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project. The most dose-relevant radionuclide released from Hanford separations plants was I-131 via the atmospheric pathway, As a result of atmospheric deposition of I-131, commercial food supplies may have been contaminated. Because the half-life of I-131 is relatively short, foods consumed soon after production, such as milk and produce, presented the highest risk. For that reason, this paper deals primarily with the reconstruction of milk and produce production, marketing, and consumption from 1945-1951, the period with the highest known I-131 releases. The reconstructed food production and consumption information was used as input to radiation dose estimates for representative individuals and as default values for real individuals who may not remember where they obtained food or how much they consumed during that period, Specific methods for tracing the movement of commercial milk and produce back from the point of human consumption, through commercial markets, to original production are presented, Results include the characteristics of food consumption exhibited by representative individuals, examples of commercial milk and produce market structures, and a review of commercial milk production and processing practices from 1945-1951. RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Anderson, David/G-6824-2011 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [200-92-0503 CDC/18620] NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 578 EP 587 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00015 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200017 PM 8830758 ER PT J AU Farris, WT Napier, BA Ikenberry, TA Shipler, DB AF Farris, WT Napier, BA Ikenberry, TA Shipler, DB TI Radiation doses from Hanford Site releases to the atmosphere and the Columbia River SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE water; modeling, dose assessment; dose assessment; radionuclide AB Radiation doses to individuals were estimated for the years 1944-1992 as part of the Hanford Dose Reconstruction Project (HEDR). The dose estimates were based on the radioactive releases to the atmosphere and Columbia River from the Hanford Site in southcentral Washington State. Conceptual models, computer codes, and previously published dose estimates were used to reconstruct doses. The most significant exposure pathway was found to be the consumption of cow's milk containing I-131. The median cumulative dose estimates to the thyroid of children ranged from <0.7 mGy to 2.3 Gy throughout the study area, depending upon residence location. The highest estimated cumulative dose to a child ranged from 0.6-8.4 Gy (5th and 95th percentiles) with a median of 2.3 Gy based on 100 Monte Carlo realizations. The geographic distribution of the dose levels was directly related to the pattern of I-131 deposition and was affected by the distribution of commercial milk and leafy vegetables. For the atmospheric pathway, the highest cumulative effective dose equivalent to an adult was estimated to be 12 mSv at Ringold, Washington, for the period 1944-1992. For the Columbia River pathway, cumulative effective dose equivalent estimates ranged from <5 mSv to 15 mSv cumulative dose to maximally exposed adults downriver from the Hanford Site for the years 1944-1992. The most significant river exposure pathway was consumption of resident fish containing P-32 and Zn-65. C1 GRAM INC, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. RP Farris, WT (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [200-92-0503 CDC/18620] NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 71 IS 4 BP 588 EP 601 DI 10.1097/00004032-199610000-00016 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH652 UT WOS:A1996VH65200018 PM 8830759 ER PT J AU Lam, NP Neumann, AU Gretch, DR Wiley, TE Perelson, AS Layden, TJ AF Lam, NP Neumann, AU Gretch, DR Wiley, TE Perelson, AS Layden, TJ TI Modeling of dose-dependent acute effect of alpha-interferon (IFN) on HCV genotype 1. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,MED CTR,DEPT PHARM PRACTICE,CHICAGO,IL. UNIV ILLINOIS,MED CTR,DEPT MED,CHICAGO,IL. SANTA FE INST,SANTA FE,NM 87501. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV WASHINGTON,HEPATATIS LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 SU S BP 1101 EP 1101 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VL285 UT WOS:A1996VL28501100 ER PT J AU Patrinos, A AF Patrinos, A TI OHER program director reflects on genome project origins, applications SO HUMAN GENOME NEWS LA English DT Article C1 US DOE,OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP Patrinos, A (reprint author), US DOE,HUMAN GENOME PROGRAM,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN GENOME MANAGE INF SYSTEM PI OAK RIDGE PA OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, 1060 COMMERCE PARK, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 SN 1050-6101 J9 HUM GENOME NEWS JI Hum. Genome News PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 1 EP & PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA WE823 UT WOS:A1996WE82300003 ER PT J AU Mural, R Gardiner, K AF Mural, R Gardiner, K TI Focus moves from transcriptional mapping to gene-function studies SO HUMAN GENOME NEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INST,DENVER,CO. RP Mural, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN GENOME MANAGE INF SYSTEM PI OAK RIDGE PA OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, 1060 COMMERCE PARK, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 SN 1050-6101 J9 HUM GENOME NEWS JI Hum. Genome News PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 4 EP 6 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA WE823 UT WOS:A1996WE82300006 ER PT J AU Winokur, ST Bengtsson, U Vargas, JC Wasmuth, JJ Altherr, MR AF Winokur, ST Bengtsson, U Vargas, JC Wasmuth, JJ Altherr, MR TI The evolutionary distribution and structural organization of the homeobox-containing repeat D4Z4 indicates a functional role for the ancestral copy in the FSHD region SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; DNA REARRANGEMENTS; GENE-REGION; DROSOPHILA; HETEROCHROMATIN; HYBRIDIZATION; CHROMOSOMES; D4S139; FAMILY AB Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant neuromuscular disease that has been linked to deletions within a tandem array of 3.2 kb repeats adjacent to the telomere of 4q, These repeats are also present in other locations in the human genome, including the short arms of all the acrocentric chromosomes. Here, we examine two models for the role of this repeat in FSHD, First, because of the extensive similarity between the 3.2 kb repeats on 4q and those adjacent to rDNA on the acrocentric chromosomes, we investigated whether the FSHD region on 4q is involved in sub-nuclear localization, specifically to the nucleolus, The results likely exclude any involvement of nucleolar localization in the development of FSHD, Second, we investigated a model that suggests that a functional gene may be buried within the tandem array of 3.2 kb repeats, Toward this end, we evaluated the evolutionary conservation of the repeat and a double homeodomain sequence within the repeat in a variety of primate species. The genomic organization of the 3.2 kb repeat in humans, great apes and lower primates identified the FSHD-associated repeat on chromosome 4q as the likely ancestral copy, The sequence of the rhesus monkey double homeodomain reveals significant sequence identity with the human 4q sequence. These results strongly suggest a functional role for a component of the FSHD-associated repeat. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT BIOL CHEM,IRVINE,CA 92717. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GENOM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 39 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1567 EP 1575 DI 10.1093/hmg/5.10.1567 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VL702 UT WOS:A1996VL70200006 PM 8894690 ER PT J AU Kramer, KJ Talwar, S McCarthy, AM Weiner, KH AF Kramer, KJ Talwar, S McCarthy, AM Weiner, KH TI Characterization of reverse leakage components for ultrashallow p(+)/n diodes fabricated using gas immersion laser doping SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID P+-N JUNCTIONS; ION-IMPLANTATION; SILICON; DIFFUSION; BORON AB In this letter we report on fabrication of p(+)/n diodes with junction depths less than 60 nm using gas immersion laser doping (GILD). Statistics for diodes with junction depths of 39 nm and 50 nm, surface concentrations exceeding 10(20) atoms/cm(3), and sheet resistances less than 160 Omega/square are presented, Values for area, perimeter, and corner leakage currents are measured at fess than 1.6 nA/cm(2), 2.5 fA/mu m and 10 fA/corner, respectively, at 3.4 V reverse bias. These characteristics demonstrate that the laser doping process is viable for source/drain doping in 0.18 mu m CMOS technology. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Kramer, KJ (reprint author), ULTRATECH STEPPER CORP,SAN JOSE,CA 95134, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 10 BP 461 EP 463 DI 10.1109/55.537075 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VJ768 UT WOS:A1996VJ76800001 ER PT J AU Hou, HQ Chui, HC Choquette, KD Hammons, BE Breiland, WG AF Hou, HQ Chui, HC Choquette, KD Hammons, BE Breiland, WG TI Highly uniform and reproducible vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy with in situ reflectometry SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's) were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy, Excellent uniformity of Fabry-Perot cavity wavelength for VCSEL materials of +/-0.2% across a 3-in diameter wafer was achieved, This results in excellent uniformity of the lasing wavelength and threshold current of VCSEL devices. Employing pregrowth calibrations on growth rates periodically with an ill situ reflectometer, we obtained a run-to-run wavelength reproducibility for 770- and 850-nm VCSEL's of +/-0.3% over the course of more than a hundred runs. C1 HEWLETT PACKARD CORP,SAN JOSE,CA 95131. RP Hou, HQ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 0603,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1285 EP 1287 DI 10.1109/68.536629 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VH227 UT WOS:A1996VH22700001 ER PT J AU Emanuel, MA Carlson, NW Skidmore, JA AF Emanuel, MA Carlson, NW Skidmore, JA TI High-efficiency AlGaAs-based laser diode at 808 nm with large transverse spot size SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; THERMODYNAMICS; DAMAGE AB Lasers diodes having a large transverse spot size have been fabricated from a modified graded index separate confinement heterostructure with an active region consisting of two 70 Angstrom Al0.15In0.10Ga0.75As strained quantum wells, The catastrophic optical damage threshold for these large transverse mode devices is increased by more than two times over that of conventional devices while still maintaining good device performance. RP Emanuel, MA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,7000 E AVE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1291 EP 1293 DI 10.1109/68.536631 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VH227 UT WOS:A1996VH22700003 ER PT J AU Swegle, JA AF Swegle, JA TI Nonrelativistic planar double-stream equilibria in magnetically insulated diodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON FLOW; GENERATION; FIELD AB The study of magnetically insulated electron flow is a topic of relevance to the startup state of magnetrons, cross-field amplifiers, and magnetically insulated line oscillators, as well as to the operation of magnetically insulated transmission lines and ion diodes, In a recent paper, Christenson and Lau explored double-stream equilibria in magnetically insulated diodes analytically for the case of vanishing injection electron velocities at the cathode and numerically for the case of nonzero injection velocities, Here, the analytical results are generalized to the case of nonzero injection velocities to allow the calculation of the equilibrium current density and electron sheath thickness as functions of the voltage, magnetic field, and gap width, An interesting outcome of the analysis is that it is shown that space charge limited electron emission from the cathode is no longer possible for equilibria In which the electrons are monoenergetic with vanishing canonical momenta, In addition, for the special case of zero injection energies, but not necessarily zero electric field at the cathode, closed-form expressions are derived for the orbital quantities of the electrons-positions and velocities-as a function of time measured from the moment of emission from the cathode, Unfortunately, a spatial variation is not apparently available in closed form; however, one can express these quantities alternatively in terms of a generalized potential with an implicit spatial variation. RP Swegle, JA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1277 EP 1284 DI 10.1109/27.538935 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VM439 UT WOS:A1996VM43900001 ER PT J AU Narayan, V Diwekar, UM Hoza, M AF Narayan, V Diwekar, UM Hoza, M TI Synthesizing optimal waste blends SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM AB Vitrification of tank wastes to form glass is a technique that will be used for the disposal of high-level waste at Hanford. Process and storage economics show that minimizing the total number of glass logs produced is the key to keeping cost as low as possible. The amount of glass produced can be reduced by blending of the wastes. The optimal way to combine the tanks to minimize the volume of glass can be determined from a discrete blend calculation. However, this problem results in a combinatorial explosion as the number of tanks increases. Moreover, the property constraints make this problem highly nonconvex where many algorithms get trapped in local minima. In this paper we examine the use of different combinatorial optimization approaches to solve this problem. A two-stage approach using a combination of simulated annealing and nonlinear programming (NLP) is developed. The results of different methods such as the heuristics approach based on human knowledge and judgment, the mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) approach with GAMS, and branch and bound with lower bound derived from the structure of the given blending problem are compared with this coupled simulated annealing and NLP approach. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT ENGN & PUBL POLICY, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 35 IS 10 BP 3519 EP 3527 DI 10.1021/ie960028c PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA VL612 UT WOS:A1996VL61200029 ER PT J AU Parvin, B Medioni, G AF Parvin, B Medioni, G TI B-rep object description from multiple range views SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION LA English DT Article ID RECOGNIZING 3-D OBJECTS; CONSTRAINED SEARCH; CURVED OBJECTS; EDGE-DETECTION; PRIMAL SKETCH; ROBOT VISION; RECOGNITION; IMAGES; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION AB We present a system which computes an integrated description of an object from multiple range images. The object description is in the form of B-rep (boundary representation), which has not been achieved by the computer vision community. To do so, we emphasize the inherent difficulties and ambiguities in the low to mid level vision, and present novel techniques of resolving them. In this system, each view of the object is represented as an attributed graph, where nodes correspond to the surfaces (vertices) and links represent the relationship between surfaces. The main issue in surface extraction is contour closure, which is formulated as a dynamic network. The underlying principle for this network is weak smoothness and geometric cohesion, and is modeled as the interaction between long and short term variables. Long term variables represent the initial boundary grouping computed from the low level surface features, and short term variables represent the competing hypotheses that cooperate with the long term variables. The matching problem involves matching visible surfaces and vertices, and provides the necessary basis for volumetric reconstruction from multiple views. The matching strategy is a two step process, where in each step uses the Hopfield network. At each step, we specify a set of local, adjacency and global constraints, and define an appropriate energy function to be minimized. At the first level of this hierarchy, surface patches are matched and the rigidity transformation is computed. At the second level, the mapping is refined by matching the corresponding vertices, and the transformation is verified. The multiple-view reconstruction consists of two steps. First, we build a composite graph that contains the bounding surfaces and their corresponding attributes, and then intersect these surfaces so that the edges and vertices corresponding to the B-rep description are identified. We present results on objects with planar, as well as quadratically-curved surfaces. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,INST ROBOT & INTELLIGENT SYST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP Parvin, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,INFORMAT & COMP SCI DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94702, USA. NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5691 J9 INT J COMPUT VISION JI Int. J. Comput. Vis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 20 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 112 DI 10.1007/BF00144118 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA VQ240 UT WOS:A1996VQ24000005 ER PT J AU Hodgson, ME Gaile, GL AF Hodgson, ME Gaile, GL TI Characteristic mean and dispersion in surface orientations for a zone SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SLOPE; VEGETATION; LOCATION AB Descriptive statistics for mean and dispersion measures of surface orientations are important in characterizing a zone of such diversity that more than one observation is required to represent it adequately. The derivation of such statistics related to aspect is problematic because of the circular scale used to measure aspect and the hemispherical scale for both slope and aspect. Two techniques are presented for computing the mean and dispersion measures of aspect and a bi-directional surface orientation. The relevant directional statistics are briefly presented with appropriate examples. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT GEOG,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Hodgson, ME (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0269-3798 J9 INT J GEOGR INF SYST JI Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Syst. PD OCT-NOV PY 1996 VL 10 IS 7 BP 817 EP 830 DI 10.1080/02693799608902111 PG 14 WC Geography; Information Science & Library Science SC Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA VH727 UT WOS:A1996VH72700002 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Riitters, KH ONeill, RV Jones, KB Wade, TG AF Wickham, JD Riitters, KH ONeill, RV Jones, KB Wade, TG TI Landscape 'contagion' in raster and vector environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID PATTERNS AB Raster land cover data has been used to construct adjacency matrices by scanning the pixel edges and calculating proportions according to the land cover types joined. Like joins (e.g., forest to forest) are most common because pixel size is typically much smaller than the average patch size. The dominance of like joins (the matrix diagonal) of the adjacency matrix has led to one interpretation of the matrix as landscape contagion (the tendency of land cover to cluster into a few, large patches). Construction of the adjacency matrix in a vector environment results in a different measurement. In a vector environment, land cover patches are not sub-divided into pixels. Therefore, the main diagonal of the adjacency matrix is zero. Construction of an adjacency matrix in a vector environment estimates the evenness of distribution of edge types, not contagion. The same edge type evenness metric is estimated in a raster environment by ignoring the matrix diagonal and re-scaling the off-diagonal elements so that they sum to one (1). C1 DESERT RES INST,CTR BIOL SCI,RENO,NV 89512. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. US EPA,ENVIRONM MONITORING SYST LAB,LAS VEGAS,NV 89193. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,SO APPALACHIAN MAN & BIOSPHERE PROGRAM,HIST FORESTRY BLDG,17 RIDGEWAY RD,NORRIS,TN 37828, USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0269-3798 J9 INT J GEOGR INF SYST JI Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Syst. PD OCT-NOV PY 1996 VL 10 IS 7 BP 891 EP 899 DI 10.1080/02693799608902115 PG 9 WC Geography; Information Science & Library Science SC Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA VH727 UT WOS:A1996VH72700006 ER PT J AU Dowding, KJ Beck, JV Blackwell, BF AF Dowding, KJ Beck, JV Blackwell, BF TI Estimation of directional-dependent thermal properties in a carbon-carbon composite SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID INVERSE HEAT-CONDUCTION AB This paper presents a laboratory method to measure the thermal properties of a carbon-carbon composite material that is characterized by an orthotropic thermal conductivity and isotropic volumetric heat capacity. Thermal properties are estimated using parameter estimation techniques with measured surface heat flux and temperature histories for an experiment with two-dimensional heat flow. Thermal properties were determined for a temperature range of 65-400 degrees C. The thermal conductivity parallel to the fibers is 12-15 times larger than the conductivity normal to the fiber. The results show excellent agreement with separate one-dimensional results, demonstrating a presumed quadratic relationship with temperature. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT THERMOPHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Dowding, KJ (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 19 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 15 BP 3157 EP 3164 DI 10.1016/0017-9310(95)00401-7 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UW875 UT WOS:A1996UW87500006 ER PT J AU Piekutowski, AJ Forrestal, MJ Poormon, KL Warren, TL AF Piekutowski, AJ Forrestal, MJ Poormon, KL Warren, TL TI Perforation of aluminum plates with ogive-nose steel rods at normal and oblique impacts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE perforation; aluminium plates; ogive-nose steel rods; normal and oblique impacts ID PENETRATION; PROJECTILES; TARGETS AB Perforation experiments were conducted with 26.3 mm thick, 6061-T651 aluminum plates and 12.9 mm diameter, 88.9 mm long, 4340 R(c) = 44 ogive-nose steel rods. For normal and oblique impacts with striking velocities between 280 and 860 m/s, we measured residual velocities and displayed the perforation process with X-ray photographs. These photographs clearly showed the time-resolved projectile kinematics and permanent deformations. In addition, we developed perforation equations that accurately predict the ballistic limit and residual velocities. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Piekutowski, AJ (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469, USA. NR 11 TC 60 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 18 IS 7-8 BP 877 EP 887 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(96)00011-5 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VX157 UT WOS:A1996VX15700022 ER PT J AU Rawers, J Croydon, F Krabbe, R Duttlinger, N AF Rawers, J Croydon, F Krabbe, R Duttlinger, N TI Nitrogen enhanced stainless steel by powder injection molding SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POWDER METALLURGY LA English DT Article AB A simple and inexpensive change in the powder injection molding sintering procedure increases the tensile properties of stainless steel and reduces operating costs. Nitrogen was alloyed with 316L stainless steel powder in a nitrogen gas environment to produce an interstifial nitrogen concentration of approximately 0.4w/o and a yield strength in excess of 375MPa. C1 KINET INC,WILSONVILLE,OR 97070. RP Rawers, J (reprint author), US DOE,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER POWDER METALLURGY INST PI PRINCETON PA 105 COLLEGE ROAD EAST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 SN 0888-7462 J9 INT J POWDER METALL JI Int. J. Powder Metall. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 319 EP 322 PG 4 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VP541 UT WOS:A1996VP54100010 ER PT J AU Lin, CT Amadei, B Jung, J Dwyer, J AF Lin, CT Amadei, B Jung, J Dwyer, J TI Extensions of discontinuous deformation analysis for jointed rock masses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED FINITE-ELEMENT; UNDERGROUND OPENINGS; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL AB Beginning with the original work of Shi [Discontinuous deformation analysis: a new numerical method for the statics and dynamics of block systems. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Berkeley, (1988)], called the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) method, a number of extensions to the method have been explored. The extensions consist of improving the contact algorithm, adding block fracturing and sub-blocking capabilities. Contacts between blocks have been modeled using an Augmented Lagrangian Method instead of the penalty method originally proposed by Shi. This allows block-to-block contacts to be enforced more precisely and block contact forces to be determined more accurately. A sub-blocking capability has been developed, whereby blocks are discretized into sub-blocks. The continuity, of the sub-block contacts is preserved and the variation of stresses in each large block can be determined. The sub-blocking capability is none using a consistent formulation in which the same methodology is used for the sub-blocks as the original large blocks. This is different from other discrete block methods that imbed finite difference zones or finite elements inside larger blocks. Finally, two block fracturing algorithms have been implemented in the DDA method. Using a three-parameter (cohesion, friction, tensile strength) Mohr-Coulomb criterion, one algorithm allows intact rocks to be broken into smaller blocks. Fracturing can be irt shear or tension. The second algorithm allows fractures to propagate in the sub-blocks either in Mode I (tensile fracturing) or Mode II (shear fracturing). All three extensions have been implemented into the original DDA program of Shi. With the three extensions, the DDA method is more applicable to a greater range of rock mechanics problems and other engineering problems involving blocky systems. Examples of application of the method, for plane stress condition, are presented with regard to rock fall, slope stability and underground excavation problems. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Lin, CT (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 47 TC 83 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 33 IS 7 BP 671 EP 694 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(96)00016-2 PG 24 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VV060 UT WOS:A1996VV06000002 ER PT J AU Balachandran, U Jammy, R Chudzik, M Iyer, AN Haldar, P AF Balachandran, U Jammy, R Chudzik, M Iyer, AN Haldar, P TI Advances in processing and characterizing Bi-based superconductors SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Advances in the processing and fabrication of mono- and multifilament Bi-2223/2212 high-critical-temperature superconductors by the powder-in-tube technique continue to bring these materials closer to commercial applications. Consistently high a critical-current densities (J(c)) greater than 10(4) A/cm(2) have been achieved along the entire length of a 1,260 m long, 37 filament Bi-2223 tape. Pancake-shaped coils, test magnets, and a prototype transformer were fabricated and characterized from such long conductors. Record high fields have been generated in prototype test magnets operated as inserts in the high background fields of conventional low-critical-temperature magnets. With an eye toward commercialization, this article reviews some of the recent advances in the processing and characterization of bismuth-based tapes. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,GUILDERLAND,NY 12084. RP Balachandran, U (reprint author), IIT,ARGONNE NATL LAB,CERAM SECT,BLDG 212,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 10 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VL567 UT WOS:A1996VL56700016 ER PT J AU Goyal, A Specht, ED Christen, DK Kroeger, DM Pashitski, A Polyanskii, A Larbalestier, DC AF Goyal, A Specht, ED Christen, DK Kroeger, DM Pashitski, A Polyanskii, A Larbalestier, DC TI Percolative current flow in high-J(c), polycrystalline high-T-c superconductors SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; O SUPERCONDUCTOR; THIN-FILMS; BICRYSTALS; TEXTURE; PATHS; TAPES AB In this article, experiments designed to ascertain the percolative nature of current flow in high critical-current density (J(c)) polycrystalline superconductors are reviewed. A direct correlation between the grain-orientation texture with current transport in high-J(c) TlB2Ca2Cu3Ox thick films and Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox powder-in-tube tapes is obtained. Magnetooptical visualization of the current flow in the same regions confirms the percolative nature of current flow. Furthermore, numerical modeling of the current flow based on the observed grain boundary character distribution and the effects of the grain boundary misorientation angle on J(c) was found to predict the percolative nature of current flow. These studies indicate that in order to increase the J(c) further, increased fractions of small-angle boundaries are required and, hence, provide a research direction for the next generation of high-temperature superconducting wire. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Goyal, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,MS 6116,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Polyanskii, Anatolii/B-8794-2009; Larbalestier, David/B-2277-2008; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Larbalestier, David/0000-0001-7098-7208; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 10 BP 24 EP 29 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VL567 UT WOS:A1996VL56700017 ER PT J AU Alvarado, JS Erickson, MD AF Alvarado, JS Erickson, MD TI Determination of long-lived radioisotopes using electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE electrothermal vaporization; sample introduction; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; long-lived radioisotope; chemical modifier ID MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA; SAMPLE INTRODUCTION; EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; ANALYTE TRANSPORT; ICP-MS; SPECTROSCOPY; ENHANCEMENT; THORIUM; URANIUM AB A general method for the determination of long-lived radioisotopes by integrating electrothermal vaporization and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) to vaporize environmental samples with complex inorganic matrices is described. The method required no sample pre-treatment and minimized sample size. The rationale was to use chemical modifiers such as CHF3 to form metal fluorides with much lower boiling-points than other metal compounds (such as oxides and carbides). Given sufficiently high temperatures and long reaction times, samples in other chemical forms are converted into elemental halides and vaporized. The characterization and application of ETV-ICP-MS for the determination of radioisotopes is described. The detection limits for Tc-99, U-238, U-236, Th-232, Th-230 and Ra-226 were similar to those obtained with ultrasonic nebulization (USN-ICP-MS). Absolute detection limits ranged from 0.6 fg for Ra-226 to 5 fg for U-238. Analytical calibration plots were linear over a range of 2-3 orders of magnitude. Matrix effects caused by Group IA and IIA elements were minimized by changing the nature of the sample and by using temporal-thermal programming without affecting analytical performance. Comparison studies between ETV-ICP-MS and classical radiometric techniques were performed for various environmental samples. RP Alvarado, JS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 923 EP 928 DI 10.1039/ja9961100923 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA VP010 UT WOS:A1996VP01000005 ER PT J AU Crain, JS Kiely, JT AF Crain, JS Kiely, JT TI Waste reduction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using flow injection and a direct injection nebulizer (vol 11, pg 525, 1996) SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Crain, JS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ANALYT CHEM LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 1007 EP 1007 DI 10.1039/ja9961101007 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA VP010 UT WOS:A1996VP01000017 ER PT J AU Bacon, JR Crain, JS McMahon, AW Williams, JG AF Bacon, JR Crain, JS McMahon, AW Williams, JG TI Atomic spectrometry update - Atomic mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB The MS and XRF Updates have been published together since their introduction in 1988. In the last few years, however, the two sections have been prepared independently of each other and it therefore seemed appropriate to publish the two sections separately. With effect from this issue, the MS Update will appear in the October issue of JAAS and the XRF Update in the November issue. The format used for the MS section is broadly similar to that used last year, with some additional sub-headings. This Update is intended to cover all atomic and stable isotopic MS techniques, but nor those used in studies of fundamental nuclear physics and 'exotic' nuclei far from stability. Also excluded are those reports in which MS is used as a tool in the study of molecular processes and of gaseous components. The review is based on critical Selection of developments in instrumentation and methodology, notable for their innovation, originality or achievement of significant advances, and is not intended to be comprehensive in its coverage. Conference papers are only included if they contain enough information to show they meet these criteria, and our policy in general remains one of waiting for a development to appear in a full paper before inclusion in the review. A similar policy applies to foreign language papers unlikely to reach a wide audience. Routine applications of atomic MS are not included in this Update and the reader is referred to the Updates on Industrial Analysis: Metals, Chemicals and Advanced Materials (96/416), Environmental Analysis (96/1444) and Clinical and Biological Materials, Food and Beverages (96/2479). Also excluded are those applications, even if not routine, which use atomic spectroscopy as a tool for the study of a non-atomic property, for example, the use of stable isotope labelling of carbon or nitrogen in biomolecules in metabolic studies. There have been few general reviews on atomic MS of note in the period covered by this update. That of Colodner et al. (95/3890) gave a general review of ion sources, in particular GDMS, ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS, and that of Blades (95/2568 and 95/3077) was a very general overview of some of the techniques covered in this Update. The review of the literature in the period covered by this Update reveals strong advances in all areas, with a continuing push to achieve better analyses on smaller samples and in less time. Most advances generally require more sophisticated instrumentation, improved sample preparation methods or new methods of sample introduction. This is typified by advances in ICP-MS, which see considerable emphasis on sample introduction techniques and a move towards magnetic sector instruments. Most applications of ICP-MS are now highly routine. There is still, however, a desire to achieve affordable analysis with simplified and cost-effective instruments, as illustrated by the development of mobile, in-situ isotope MS for environmental studies. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ANALYT CHEM LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. MANCHESTER METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, MANCHESTER M1 5GD, LANCS, ENGLAND. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, NERC, ICP MS FACIL, CTR ANALYT RES ENVIRONM, ASCOT SL5 7TE, BERKS, ENGLAND. RP Bacon, JR (reprint author), MACAULAY LAND USE RES INST, ABERDEEN AB15 8QH, SCOTLAND. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP R355 EP R394 DI 10.1039/ja996110355r PG 40 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA VP010 UT WOS:A1996VP01000018 ER PT J AU Stowell, MHB Soltis, SM Kisker, C Peters, JW Schindelin, H Rees, DC Cascio, D Beamer, L Hart, PJ Wiener, MC Whitby, FG AF Stowell, MHB Soltis, SM Kisker, C Peters, JW Schindelin, H Rees, DC Cascio, D Beamer, L Hart, PJ Wiener, MC Whitby, FG TI A simple device for studying macromolecular crystals under moderate gas pressures (0.1-10 MPa) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID XENON; METMYOGLOBIN; PROTEINS AB A simple device for studying crystalline samples under moderate gas pressure (0.1-10 MPa) has been developed. The device employs a modified Cajon ultra-torr fitting to ensure a gas-tight seal around an X-ray capillary. The cell accommodates standard X-ray capillaries that require no modification. The device is straightforward to utilize and samples can be mounted with routine techniques and pressurized in a matter of seconds. In a subsequent development, a complete purging and pressurization system has been designed and constructed for use on beamline 7-1 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. This paper describes the construction of both the pressure cell and the delivery system and presents results of the use of this cell for the preparation of xenon derivatives to be used in phase determination by the multiple isomorphous replacement method. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,SLAC,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,DOE LSBMM,INST MOL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV UTAH,MED CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. RP Stowell, MHB (reprint author), CALTECH,DIV CHEM & CHEM ENGN,MAIL STOP 147-75CH,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. OI Peters, John/0000-0001-9117-9568 NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 29 BP 608 EP 613 DI 10.1107/S0021889896004712 PN 5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA VN222 UT WOS:A1996VN22200019 ER PT J AU Farmer, JC Fix, DV Mack, GV Pekala, RW Poco, JF AF Farmer, JC Fix, DV Mack, GV Pekala, RW Poco, JF TI Capacitive deionization of NH4ClO4 solutions with carbon aerogel electrodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLOW-THROUGH; REMOVAL AB A process for the capacitive deionization of water with a stack of carbon aerogel electrodes has been developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Unlike ion exchange, one of the more conventional deionization processes, no chemicals are required for regeneration of the system. Electricity is used instead. An aqueous solution of NH4ClO4 is pumped through the electrochemical cell. After polarization, NH4+ and ClO4- ions are removed from the water by the imposed electric field and trapped in the extensive cathodic and anodic double layers. This process produces one stream of purified water and a second stream of concentrate. The effects of cell voltage, salt concentration, and cycling on electrosorption capacity have been studied in detail. RP Farmer, JC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 39 TC 110 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 30 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1007 EP 1018 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA VL313 UT WOS:A1996VL31300003 ER PT J AU Tung, LS Barr, WL Lowder, RS Post, RF AF Tung, LS Barr, WL Lowder, RS Post, RF TI Mass, charge and energy separation by selective acceleration with a traveling potential hill SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB A traveling electric potential hill has been used to generate an ion beam with an energy distribution that is mass dependent from a monoenergetic ion beam of mixed masses, This effect can be utilized as a novel method for mass separation applied to identification or enrichment. of ions (e,g,, of elements, isotopes, or molecules). This theory for mass-selective acceleration is presented here and is shown to be confirmed by experiment and by a time-dependent particle-in-cell computer simulation. Results show that monoenergetic ions with the particular mass of choice are accelerated by controlling the hill potential and the hill velocity., The hill velocity is typically 20%-30% faster than the ions to be accelerated. The ability of the hill to pickup a particular mass uses the fact that small kinetic energy differences in the lab frame appear much larger in the moving hill frame, Ions will gain energy from the approaching hill if their relative energy in the moving hill frame is less than the peak potential of the hill. The final energy of these accelerated ions dan be several times the source energy, which facilitates energy filtering for mass purification or identification, if the hill potential is chosen to accelerate multiple masses, the heaviest mass will have the greatest final energy. Hence, choosing the appropriate hill potential and collector retarding voltage will isolate ions with the lightest, heaviest, intermediate mass. In the experimental device, called a Solitron, purified Ne-20 and Ne-22 are extracted from a ribbon beam of neon that is originally composed of Ne-20:Ne-22 in the natural ratio of 91:9. The isotopic content of the processed beam is determined by measuring the energy distribution of the detected current. These results agree with the theory. In addition to mass selectivity, our theory can also be applied to the filtration of an ion beam according to charge state or energy. Because of this variety of properties, the Solitron is envisioned to have broad applications. The primary application is for the enrichment of stable isotopes for medical and industrial tracers. Other applications include mass analysis of unknown gases (atomic and molecular) and metals, extracting single charge states from a multiply charged beam, accelerating the high energy tail in a beam or plasma with a velocity distribution, and beam bunching. RP Tung, LS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 7 BP 3646 EP 3655 DI 10.1063/1.363311 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL801 UT WOS:A1996VL80100005 ER PT J AU Vartuli, CB MacKenzie, JD Lee, JW Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Shul, RJ AF Vartuli, CB MacKenzie, JD Lee, JW Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Shul, RJ TI Cl-2/Ar and CH4/H-2/Ar dry etching of III-V nitrides SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN; PLASMAS; INN; ALN AB Electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) and reactive ion etching (RIE) rates for GaN, AIN, InN, and InGaN were measured using the same reactor and plasma parameters in Cl-2/Ar or CH4/H-2/Ar plasmas. The etch rates of all four materials were found to be significantly faster for ECR relative to RIE conditions in both chemistries, indicating that a high ion density is an important factor in the etch. The ion density under ECR conditions is similar to-3x10(11) cm(-3) as measured by microwave cm interferometry, compared to similar to 2x10(9) cm(-3) for RTE conditions, and optical emission intensities are at least an order of magnitude higher in the ECR discharges. It appears that the nitride etch rates are largely determined by the initial bond breaking that must precede etch product formation, since the etch products are as volatile as those of conventional III-V materials such as GaAs, but the etch rates are typically a factor of about 5 lower for the nitrides. Cl-2/Ar plasmas were found to etch GaN, InN, and InGaN faster than CH4/H-2/Ar under ECR conditions, while AlN was etched slightly faster in CH4/H2Ar plasmas. The surface morphology of InN was found to be the most sensitive to changes in plasma parameters and was a strong function of both rf power and etch chemistry for ECR etching. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Vartuli, CB (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 7 BP 3705 EP 3709 DI 10.1063/1.363320 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL801 UT WOS:A1996VL80100014 ER PT J AU Myers, SM Petersen, GA Seager, CH AF Myers, SM Petersen, GA Seager, CH TI Binding of cobalt and iron to cavities in silicon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METALS; ION-IMPLANTATION; SI; SURFACES; DEFECTS; COPPER; NICKEL; VOIDS; BEAM AB The chemisorption binding of Co and Fe to cavity walls in Si was quantitatively characterized in the temperature range 973-1273 K in order to evaluate the efficacy of cavities for impurity gettering. The cavities were formed by He ion implantation and annealing. Then, with the solution concentration of Co or Fe being held at the solid solubility through prior formation of excess metal-silicide phase, the equilibrium number of metal atoms bound to the cavities was measured. Using this information in conjunction with published solubilities, a binding free energy relative to interstitial solution was extracted. The binding free energies for cavity-wall chemisorption of Co and Fe were found to be less than those for precipitation of the respective silicide phases, a reversal of the ordering previously observed by us for Cu and Au. Nevertheless, model calculations indicate that the chemisorption mechanism is important together with silicide precipitation for cavity gettering of all four elements. The results of this work, taken with the known thermal stability and the anticipated device-side compatibility of cavities, suggest that these sinks will prove attractive fur gettering. RP Myers, SM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 37 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 7 BP 3717 EP 3726 DI 10.1063/1.363322 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL801 UT WOS:A1996VL80100016 ER PT J AU Musil, CR Melngailis, J Etchin, S Haynes, TE AF Musil, CR Melngailis, J Etchin, S Haynes, TE TI Dose-rate effects in GaAs investigated by discrete pulsed implantation using a focused ion beam SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; DAMAGE; DEPENDENCE; SILICON AB The dependence of the retained lattice damage upon dose rate was investigated by focused ion beam (FIB) implantation of 210 keV Si++ into GaAs at room temperature. The as-implanted and postannealed states were characterized by ion channeling and Hall-effect measurements, respectively. Dose-rate effects arise from stabilizing interactions between populations of defects produced by different ions, and these experiments were designed to probe the time constants of those interactions. In the context of dose-rate experiments, direct-write FIB represents a much more controllable means of implantation over conventional broad beams since the exact timing of dose delivery may be precisely defined and varied. In this work, the final implanted dose was achieved by the successive application of individual flux pulses of constant intensity but of varying duration t(d) and repetition period t(r). A consistent trend toward a greater concentration of displaced atoms directly after implantation and a higher sheet resistance after annealing was observed for longer t(d) and for shorter t(r). This effect did not manifest itself simply in terms of the average current density, J(avg)proportional to t(d)/t(r). Furthermore, it was observed on all time scales accessible in this experiment, suggesting that the important self-annealing mechanisms have a wide range of time constants, from less than 1 mu s to more than 1 s. A heterogeneous model of damage nucleation is discussed whereby the defect track of an individual ion event self-anneals until it is overlapped by a following event. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT,ELECT RES LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 7 BP 3727 EP 3733 DI 10.1063/1.363323 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL801 UT WOS:A1996VL80100017 ER PT J AU Li, XY Manghnani, MH Ming, LC Grady, DE AF Li, XY Manghnani, MH Ming, LC Grady, DE TI Electrical resistivity of TiB2 at elevated pressures and temperatures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The electrical resistivity of TiB2 has been measured using a DIA-6 cubic anvil apparatus at pressures up to 8 GPa and temperatures up to 800 K. The ambient-condition resistivity is determined to be 13.3 (+/-0.9) mu Omega cm. The resistivity decreases with increasing pressure, At pressures above 2 GPa, the pressure dependence of the resistivity is about -0.36 mu Omega cm/GPa. On heating, the resistivity increases linearly with temperature. The measurements at simultaneously high pressure (3.2 GPa) and high temperatures yield a temperature dependence of 46 (+/-5) n Omega cm/K for the resistivity. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV HAWAII,DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS,HONOLULU,HI 96822. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 7 BP 3860 EP 3862 DI 10.1063/1.363341 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL801 UT WOS:A1996VL80100038 ER PT J AU Valero, FPJ Pope, SK Ellingson, RG Strawa, AW Vitko, J AF Valero, FPJ Pope, SK Ellingson, RG Strawa, AW Vitko, J TI Determination of clear-sky radiative flux profiles, heating Rates and optical depths using unmanned aerospace vehicles as a platform SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE SIZES; CLOUD; MODELS AB In this paper the authors report results obtained using an unmanned aerospace vehicle (UAV) as an experimental platform for atmospheric radiative transfer research. These are the first ever climate measurements made from a UAV and represent a major step forward in realizing the unique potential of long-endurance, high-altitude UAVs to contribute to climate and environmental studies. Furthermore, the radiative flux divergences determined during these experiments are some of the highest quality measurements of this kind obtained from any type of aircraft and constitute an important test of radiative transfer models. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,ATMOSPHER RES LAB,DEPT 0242,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT METEOROL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 5 BP 1024 EP 1030 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<1024:DOCSRF>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VN010 UT WOS:A1996VN01000007 ER PT J AU Foster, IT Toonen, B Worley, PH AF Foster, IT Toonen, B Worley, PH TI Performance of massively parallel computers for spectral atmospheric models SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM METHOD; EQUATIONS AB Massively parallel processing (MPP) computer systems use high-speed interconnection networks to link hundreds or thousands of RISC microprocessors. With each microprocessor having a peak performance of 100 or more megaflops per second, there is at least the possibility of achieving very high performance. However, the question of exactly how to achieve this performance remains unanswered. MPP systems and vector multiprocessors require very different coding styles. Different MPP systems have widely varying architectures and performance characteristics. For most problems, a range of different parallel implementations is possible, again with varying performance characteristics. In this paper, we provide a detailed evaluation of MPP performance for a spectral transform kernel as used in weather and climate modeling applications. Using a specially designed spectral transform code, the authors study performance on three different MPP systems: Intel Paragon, IBM SP2, and Cray T3D. Great care is taken to tune the implementation for efficient execution on each platform. The results yield insights into MPP performance characteristics, parallel spectral transform algorithms, and coding style for MPP systems. The authors conclude that it is possible to construct parallel models that achieve multigigaflops-per-second performance on a range of MPPs, if the models are constructed to allow compile- or run-time selection of some parallel implementation options. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Foster, IT (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,900 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 5 BP 1031 EP 1045 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<1031:POMPCF>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VN010 UT WOS:A1996VN01000008 ER PT J AU Wos, L AF Wos, L TI OTTER and the Moufang identity problem SO JOURNAL OF AUTOMATED REASONING LA English DT Article DE automated reasoning; OTTER; Moufang loops; circle of pure proofs ID STRATEGY AB This article provides additional evidence of the value of using an automated reasoning program as a research assistant. Featured is the use of Bill McCune's program OTTER to find proofs of theorems taken from the study of Moufang loops, but not just any proofs. Specifically, the proofs satisfy the property of purity. In particular, when given, say, four equivalent identities (which is the case in this article), one is asked to prove the second identity from the first, the third from the second, the fourth from the third, and the first from the fourth. If the proof that 1 implies 2 does not rely on 3 or 4, then by definition the proof is pure with respect to 3 and 4, or simply the proof is pure. If for the four identities one finds four pure proofs showing that 1 implies 2, 2 implies 3, 3 implies 4, and 4 implies 1, then by definition one has found a circle of pure proofs. By finding the needed twelve pure proofs, this article shows that there does exist a circle of pure proofs for the four equivalent identities for Moufang loops and for all orderings of the identities; however, for much of this article, the emphasis is on the first three identities. In addition - in part to promote the use of automated reasoning programs and to answer questions concerning the choice of options - featured here is the methodology that was employed and a discussion of some of the obstacles, some of which are subtle. The approach relies on paramodulation (which generalizes equality substitution), on demodulation, and - so crucial for attacking deep questions and hard problems - on various strategies, most important of which are the hot list strategy, the set of support strategy, and McCune's ratio strategy. To permit verification of the results presented here, extension of them, and application of the methodology to other unrelated fields, a sample input file and four proofs (relevant to a circle of pure proofs for the four identities) are included. Research topics and challenges are offered at the close of this article. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-7433 J9 J AUTOM REASONING JI J. Autom. Reasoning PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 2 BP 215 EP 257 PG 43 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA VM299 UT WOS:A1996VM29900004 ER PT J AU Tung, CS AF Tung, CS TI A geometrical approach in folding a pseudoknot motif within the E-coli 16S-RNA SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID AFFINITY RNA LIGANDS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; TETRAHYMENA RIBOZYME; HAIRPIN LOOP; CONFORMATION; RESOLUTION; MODEL AB Except for tRNA, the tertiary structure of RNA molecules are very little known. The many possibilities in the arrangement of different helices in space and the flexibility in the single-stranded loops that connect the helical regions make the modeling of the tertiary structure of RNA molecule a very complex task. Here, we introduce an approach to fold RNA tertiary structure based only on the information of the secondary structure and the stereochemistry of the molecule. This approach was used to construct an atomic structure of a pseudoknot (bases 500-545) in the E. coli 16S RNA. The resulting structure is a closely packed molecule that is consistent with the predicted secondary structure and stereochemically feasible. This new approach is very general and easily adaptable. Experimental data (e.g., NMR, fluorescence energy transfer, etc.), as they become available, can be incorporated directly into the approach to improve the accuracy of the modeled structure. RP Tung, CS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 153 EP 161 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VQ262 UT WOS:A1996VQ26200003 PM 8913851 ER PT J AU Zheng, YJ Ornstein, RL AF Zheng, YJ Ornstein, RL TI Catalytic role of the alpha-carboxylate of the Glu residue of glutathione in glutathione S-transferases SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RESOLUTION; COMPLEX; ENZYMES AB The recently proposed catalytic role of the cc-carboxylate of the Glu residue of glutathione in glutathione S-transferases (Widersten et al, Biochemistry 35, 7731-7742 (1996)) was examined. Based on structural considerations, it is clear that conformational changes in both glutathione and glutathione S-transferase are required. Recent kinetic studies by Ricci and coworkers (Ricci et al, J. Biol. Chem. 271, 16187-16192 (1996) and Caccuri et al, J. Biol. Chem. 271, 16193-16198 (1996)) may provide the missing evidence for these conformational changes. Possible ways to test this hypothesis are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP Zheng, YJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, MS K2-01, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 231 EP 233 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VQ262 UT WOS:A1996VQ26200011 PM 8913859 ER PT J AU Zhao, YF Cheng, WJ Gibb, CLD Gupta, G Kallenbach, NR AF Zhao, YF Cheng, WJ Gibb, CLD Gupta, G Kallenbach, NR TI HMG box proteins interact with multiple tandemly repeated (GCC)(n)center dot(GGC)(m) DNA sequences SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID TRIPLET REPEAT; HUMAN-DISEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRAGILE-X; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; EXPANSIONS; BINDING; GENES; FORM AB A number of tandemly repeated DNA sequences have the ability to form hairpin structures by forming non-standard base pairs. When (GCC)(15) and (GGC)(15) strands are annealed together, the expected duplex is the only product. However, when (GCC)(15), is annealed with (GGC)(10), depending on the relative concentrations, up to five complexes can be detected in native gels. Three of these species are susceptible to limited digestion by Exo VII, suggesting they are duplexes containing single stranded tails. The remaining two bands are resistant to the enzyme, and have low mobility on native gels, consistent with branched structures. The latter complexes bind HMG box proteins, members of a highly abundant class of nonhistone proteins of the nucleus. These proteins, modeled in this study by the second box fragment from rat HMG1, HMGb, interact strongly with branched or chemically modified DNA, relative to normal duplexes. The expansion of tripler repeats in genomic DNA is associated with tumor formation as well with a variety of heritable neurologiocal disorders. It is our thesis that the stability of branched intermediate structures that arise in replication of these sequences and promote expansion can be influenced directly by the presence of two highly abundant proteins in the cell nucleus: the HMG box proteins, HMG1/2, and the histone H1, which associates with HMG1/2. C1 NYU,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10003. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 24101] NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 235 EP 238 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VQ262 UT WOS:A1996VQ26200012 PM 8913860 ER PT J AU Thaler, JS Stout, MJ Karban, R Duffey, SS AF Thaler, JS Stout, MJ Karban, R Duffey, SS TI Exogenous jasmonates simulate insect wounding in tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) in the laboratory and field SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE jasmonic acid; methyl jasmonate; induced phytochemistry; induced resistance; polyphenol oxidase; peroxidase; lipoxygenase; proteinase inhibitors; Helicoverpa zea; Spodoptera exigua ID METHYL JASMONATE; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACID; PEROXIDASE; ACTIVATE; PATHWAY AB Wounding increases the levels and activities of several defense-related proteins in the foliage of the tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Evidence indicates that two of these responses, the systemic increases in polyphenol oxidase and proteinase inhibitors, are regulated by an octadecanoid-based signalling pathway which includes the wound hormone, jasmonic acid. It is not known whether other responses to wounding are also regulated by this same signalling pathway. In this paper, we show that application of jasmonates (jasmonic acid or its volatile derivative, methyl jasmonate) in low concentrations to foliage of young tomato plants induced, in a dose-dependent manner, the same protein responses-polyphenol oxidase, proteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase, and peroxidase-as does Helicoverpa tea Boddie feeding. Application of jasmonic acid to a single leaflet of four-leaf tomato plants induced these four proteins in a spatial pattern nearly identical to that produced by localized feeding of H. tea. Exogenous jasmonic acid also decreased suitability of foliage for the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hubner in the laboratory. Based on these results, we conducted an experiment to measure the effects of jasmonic acid spray under field conditions. We provide the first evidence that jasmonic acid spray on field plants induces production of chemical defenses above the levels found in unsprayed controls. Exogenous jasmonic acid sprayed on plants in agricultural plots increased levels of polyphenol oxidase and proteinase inhibitors. Because application of jasmonic acid induces these defensive compounds at low concentrations in a manner similar to natural wounding, it may prove to be a useful tool for stimulating plant resistance to insects in the field. RP Thaler, JS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ENTOMOL,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 19 TC 196 Z9 219 U1 1 U2 60 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1767 EP 1781 DI 10.1007/BF02028503 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VV325 UT WOS:A1996VV32500002 PM 24227107 ER PT J AU Thompson, WH Karlsson, HO Miller, WH AF Thompson, WH Karlsson, HO Miller, WH TI Theoretical calculation of photodetachment intensities for H3O- SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; QUANTUM SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; TRANSITION-STATE SPECTROSCOPY; MINIMAL RESIDUAL ALGORITHM; REACTION PROBABILITIES; CROSS-SECTIONS; LINEAR-SYSTEMS; OH+H-2->H2O+H REACTION; 4-ATOM REACTIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We have calculated total and arrangement-selected photodetachment intensities for the H3O- anion (and its deuterated form, D3O-) using a Green's function in a discrete variable representation with absorbing boundary conditions. A multiply-shifted quasiminimal residual method is used to obtain the Green's function for many energies at once. We present spectra obtained by explicitly treating two and four degrees of freedom. Comparison with experiment indicates that the bending angles in the anion and neutral are more similar than in the current potential energy surfaces. The calculated spectra are also consistent with the suggestion that the barrier should be ''earlier.'' (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Thompson, WH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Thompson, Ward/0000-0002-3636-6448 NR 39 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 13 BP 5387 EP 5396 DI 10.1063/1.472380 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL469 UT WOS:A1996VL46900012 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG AF Tuzun, RE Noid, DW Sumpter, BG TI An internal coordinate quantum Monte Carlo method for calculating vibrational ground state energies and wave functions of large molecules: A quantum geometric statement function approach SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-WALK; CHEMISTRY; ALGORITHM AB An internal coordinate quantum Monte Carlo (ICQMC) method using importance sampling is illustrated for a 100 atom model polyethylene chain. Importance sampling with an internal coordinate guiding wave function yields smoother, more physically reasonable wave functions and lower ground state energies than Cartesian importance sampling, in good agreement with normal coordinate analysis results. A novel geometric statement function (GSF) method for economizing expressions involving first and second derivatives of stretch, bend, and torsion internal coordinates by up to 2 orders of magnitude allows QMC calculations to be performed even for large molecules in reasonable times on standard workstations. The ICQMC method with quantum GSF is eminently suitable for large molecules with complicated, strongly coupled potential energy surfaces such as polymer chains. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 13 BP 5494 EP 5502 DI 10.1063/1.472405 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL469 UT WOS:A1996VL46900023 ER PT J AU Itoh, K Nishikawa, M Holroyd, RA AF Itoh, K Nishikawa, M Holroyd, RA TI Electron transport in o- and m-xylene under high pressure SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCESS ELECTRON; N-HEXANE; MOBILITY; TOLUENE; LIQUIDS; BENZENE; 2,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE; ATTACHMENT AB The electron drift mobility (mu) was measured by a time-of-flight method in pure liquid o- and m-xylene under high pressures up to 300 MPa, and in the temperature ranges from 15 to 120 degrees C and 0 to 100 degrees C, respectively. In both liquids mu increases in the lower pressure region at lower temperatures. At higher pressures mu decreases gradually with pressure at all temperatures studied. The pressure dependence of mu was interpreted in terms of a two-state model and a hopping model. When mu increases with pressure this interpretation leads to a positive volume change upon introduction of electrons into the liquid, showing electrons reside in cavities of radius 0.31 to 0.32 nm, whereas in the high pressure region electron attachment to xylene molecules occurs, accompanied by hopping of electrons between molecules. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 KANAGAWA INST TECHNOL,FAC ENGN,ATSUGI,KANAGAWA 24302,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Itoh, K (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,DEPT PURE & APPL SCI,MEGURO KU,3-8-1 KOMABA,TOKYO 153,JAPAN. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 13 BP 5510 EP 5517 DI 10.1063/1.472391 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL469 UT WOS:A1996VL46900025 ER PT J AU Johnson, E AF Johnson, E TI The calculation of electrostatic potentials for periodic charge distributions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A method for obtaining the Coulomb energy of a lattice of charges is presented. The method is used here to find the Madelung constant of a number of crystals. The method is simpler than the Ewald summation method. It is based on the use of a basis set of lattices. Any lattice may be represented by a linear combination of these basis lattices. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Johnson, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 13 BP 5529 EP 5531 DI 10.1063/1.472394 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL469 UT WOS:A1996VL46900028 ER PT J AU Semin, DJ Lo, A Roark, SE Skodje, RT Rowlen, KL AF Semin, DJ Lo, A Roark, SE Skodje, RT Rowlen, KL TI Time-dependent morphology changes in thin silver films on mica: A scaling analysis of atomic force microscopy results SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ISLAND FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; KINETIC-EQUATIONS; GOLD-FILMS; AG FILM; GROWTH; DIFFUSION; SURFACES; FRACTALS AB The postdeposition evolution of the morphology of a thin Ag film on a mica substrate was studied using a combination of experimental and theoretical techniques. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to follow the surface morphology as a function of time at temperatures in the range 30-56 degrees C. The AFM images were numerically processed to obtain the distribution function of island sizes, defined as island height (h), as a function of time, f(h,t). The Ag films were observed to coarsen, i.e., small Ag islands disappeared while larger Ag islands increased in size. The island height distribution function was of a scaling form, f(h,t)similar to f[h/(h) over bar(t)], where (h) over bar(t), the mean island height, increased monotonically as a power law (h) over bar(t)similar to t(beta h) up until a crossover time t(x). The experimental results for this low temperature annealing process are most consistent with a mechanism whereby the film coarsens through an island-island coalescence process. From the temperature dependence of the annealing kinetics, it was found that the coarsening process is thermally activated and has an activation energy of 13+/-2 kcal/mol. It was observed that the coarsening process terminates past the crossover time yielding a stable asymptotic distribution of islands which was independent of temperature (in the range 30-100 degrees C). Thus, it is suggested that a Ag film can be stabilized at room temperature by subjecting the film to a low temperature annealing process. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV COLORADO, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 13 BP 5542 EP 5551 DI 10.1063/1.472375 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL469 UT WOS:A1996VL46900030 ER PT J AU Mills, PL Guise, WE AF Mills, PL Guise, WE TI A multidimensional gas chromatographic method for analysis of n-butane oxidation reaction products SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE OXIDATION; MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; VANADIUM; BUTADIENE; KINETICS; SYSTEM; OXIDE C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60639. RP Mills, PL (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,EXPT STN,CHEM SCI & ENGN LAB,E262-100D,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 34 IS 10 BP 431 EP 459 PG 29 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA VK439 UT WOS:A1996VK43900002 ER PT J AU Hegerl, GC vonStorch, H Hasselmann, K Santer, BD Cubasch, U Jones, PD AF Hegerl, GC vonStorch, H Hasselmann, K Santer, BD Cubasch, U Jones, PD TI Detecting greenhouse-gas-induced climate change with an optimal fingerprint method SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID AIR-TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; ATLANTIC CIRCULATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; NATURAL VARIABILITY; SIMULATION; SIGNALS AB A strategy using statistically optimal fingerprints to detect anthropogenic climate change is outlined and applied to near-surface temperature trends. The components of this strategy include observations, information about natural climate variability, and a ''guess pattern'' representing the expected time-space pattern of anthropogenic climate change. The expected anthropogenic climate change is identified through projection of the observations onto an appropriate optimal fingerprint, yielding a scalar-detection variable. The statistically optimal fingerprint is obtained by weighting the components of the guess pattern (truncated to some small-dimensional space) toward low-noise directions. The null hypothesis that the observed climate change is Dart of natural climate variability is then tested. This strategy is applied to detecting a greenhouse-gas-induced climate change in the spatial pattern of nearsurface temperature trends defined for time intervals of 15-30 years. The expected pattern of climate change is derived from a transient simulation with a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. Global gridded near-surface temperature observations are used to represent the observed climate change. Information on the natural variability needed to establish the statistics of the detection variable is extracted from long control simulations of coupled ocean-atmosphere models and, additionally, from the observations themselves (from which an estimated greenhouse warming signal has been removed). While the model control simulations contain only variability caused by the internal dynamics of the atmosphere-ocean system, the observations additionally contain the response to various external forcings (e.g., volcanic eruptions, changes in solar radiation, and residual anthropogenic forcing). The resulting estimate of climate noise has large uncertainties but is qualitatively the best the authors can presently offer. The null hypothesis that the latest observed 20-yr and 30-yr trend of near-surface temperature (ending in 1994) is part of natural variability is rejected with a risk of less than 2.5% to 5% (the 5% level is derived from the variability of one model control simulation dominated by a questionable extreme event). In other words, the probability that the warming is due to our estimated natural variability is less than 2.5% to 5%. The increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by optimization of the fingerprint is of the order of 10%-30% in most cases. The predicted signals are dominated by the global mean component; the pattern correlation excluding the global mean is positive but not very high. Both the evolution of the detection variable and also the pattern correlation results are consistent with the model prediction for greenhouse gas-induced climate change. However, in order to attribute the observed warming uniquely to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing, more information on the climate's response to other forcing mechanisms (e.g., changes in solar radiation, volcanic, or anthropogenic sulfate aerosols) and their interaction is needed. It is concluded that a statistically significant externally induced warming has been observed, but our caveat that the estimate of the internal climate variability is still uncertain is emphasized. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,PCMDI,LIVERMORE,CA. DEUTSCH KLIMARECH ZENTRUM,HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV E ANGLIA,CLIMAT RES UNIT,NORWICH NR4 7TJ,NORFOLK,ENGLAND. RP Hegerl, GC (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST METEOROL,BUNDESSTR 55,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. RI Jones, Philip/C-8718-2009; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; von Storch, Hans/J-4165-2012 OI Jones, Philip/0000-0001-5032-5493; von Storch, Hans/0000-0002-5825-8069 NR 71 TC 198 Z9 202 U1 8 U2 33 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 10 BP 2281 EP 2306 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2281:DGGICC>2.0.CO;2 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VQ571 UT WOS:A1996VQ57100002 ER PT J AU Jossart, GH Epstein, HD Shaver, JK Weier, HU Greulich, KM Tezelman, S Grossman, RF Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH AF Jossart, GH Epstein, HD Shaver, JK Weier, HU Greulich, KM Tezelman, S Grossman, RF Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH TI Immunocytochemical detection of p53 in human thyroid carcinomas is associated with mutation and immortalization of cell lines SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; MUTANT P53; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BLADDER-CANCER; DNA FRAGMENTS; WILD-TYPE; CARCINOGENESIS; ACCUMULATION; PROTEIN AB Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene p53 are the most common mutations found in human cancers. In thyroid cancers, p53 mutations generally are found only in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumors and in cell lines. To determine the prevalence of p53 mutations in thyroid neoplasms and thyroid cell lines, we screened 58 thyroid tissues and 3 thyroid cell lines. p53 primers bracketing exons 4, 5/6, 7, and 8 were used to amplify genomic DNA using the PCR. Mutations were screened by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and confirmed by sequencing. The two papillary thyroid cancer cell lines and the follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line (positive control) had transitions (CGT->CAT) in exon 8, codon 273, resulting in the replacement of arginine with histidine. No normal thyroid tissues or primary tumors from which the cell lines were derived demonstrated exon 8 mutations, using this technique. p53 immunocytochemistry demonstrated a progression of p53 immunopositivity between synchronous and metachronous neoplasms, paralleling the neoplastic progression from a benign adenoma to primary carcinoma, regional, and distant metastasis and ultimately, the cell lines, where intense immunopositivity is noted. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization, using probes specific for the p53 locus, revealed the presence of 3 homologues of p53 in the follicular cell line and 2 homologues in the papillary and Hurthle cell lines. These results suggest that a point mutation present in a small number of original tumor cells and amplification of the mutant allele may be responsible for immortalizing well-differentiated thyroid cancer cells into cell lines. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MT ZION MED CTR, DEPT SURG, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94115 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MT ZION MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94115 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94121 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR MOL CYTOGENET, DIV LIFE SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 81 IS 10 BP 3498 EP 3504 DI 10.1210/jc.81.10.3498 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VL566 UT WOS:A1996VL56600012 PM 8855792 ER PT J AU Feller, D AF Feller, D TI The role of databases in support of computational chemistry calculations SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; WORKSTATION COMPUTERS; DIATOMIC HYDRIDES AB A role for electronic structure databases in assisting users bf quantum chemistry applications select better model parameters is discussed in light of experiences gained from a software prototype known as the Computational Chemistry Input Assistant (CCIA). It is argued that the ready availability of information pertaining to the applications and theoretical models can substantially increase the likelihood of novice users obtaining the desired accuracy from their calculations while simultaneously making better use of computer resources. Expert users, who find themselves contemplating studies in new areas of research, may also benefit from the proposed tools. For maximum impact, this assistance should be provided while users are actively engaged in preparing calculations. (C) 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Feller, D (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 1074 Z9 1076 U1 7 U2 67 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 13 BP 1571 EP 1586 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199610)17:13<1571::AID-JCC9>3.0.CO;2-P PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VH594 UT WOS:A1996VH59400009 ER PT J AU Nakamura, Y Matsumoto, T Wakatani, M Galkin, SA Drozdov, VV Martynov, AA Poshekhonov, YY Ichiguchi, K Garcia, L Carreras, BA Nuhrenberg, C Cooper, WA Johnson, JL AF Nakamura, Y Matsumoto, T Wakatani, M Galkin, SA Drozdov, VV Martynov, AA Poshekhonov, YY Ichiguchi, K Garcia, L Carreras, BA Nuhrenberg, C Cooper, WA Johnson, JL TI Comparison of the calculations of the stability properties of a specific stellarator equilibrium with different MHD stability codes SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOROIDAL HELICAL SYSTEMS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM; RESISTIVE INSTABILITIES; PLASMA CONFIGURATIONS; SPECTRAL CODE; EXPANSION; EQUATIONS; BETA; TORSATRONS; ERATO AB A particular configuration of the LHD stellarator with an unusually flat pressure profile has been chosen to be a test case for comparison of the MHD stability property predictions of different three-dimensional and averaged codes for the purpose of code comparison and validation. In particular, two relatively localized instabilities, the fastest growing modes with toroidal mode numbers n = 2 and n = 3, were studied using several different codes, with the good agreement that has been found providing justification for the use of any of them for equilibria of the type considered. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 KELDYSH INST APPL MATH, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NATL INST FUS SCI, NAGOYA, AICHI, JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 USA. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. ECOLE POLYTECH FED LAUSANNE, ASSOC EURATOM CONFEDERAT SUISSE, CTR RECH PHYS PLASMAS, CH-1007 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. PRINCETON UNIV, PLASMA PHYS LAB, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA. RP Nakamura, Y (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV, PLASMA PHYS LAB, KYOTO, JAPAN. RI Garcia, Luis/A-5344-2015; OI Garcia, Luis/0000-0002-0492-7466; Martynov, Alexander/0000-0003-0127-8947 NR 63 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 128 IS 1 BP 43 EP 57 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0195 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VL091 UT WOS:A1996VL09100005 ER PT J AU Kegley, DR Oberacker, VE Strayer, MR Umar, AS Wells, JC AF Kegley, DR Oberacker, VE Strayer, MR Umar, AS Wells, JC TI Basis spline collocation method for solving the Schrodinger equation in axillary symmetric systems SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; LATTICE AB We use basis spline collocation to solve the Schrodinger equation on a lattice for axially symmetric systems, with and without spin. The focus of the present work is on systems which have continuum states, weakly bound states, or strong spin-orbit coupling, since these are the most difficult to solve on the lattice. A brief overview of the basis spline collocation method is included which concentrates primarily on those aspects of the theory which are relevant to its application in cylindrical coordinates. To demonstrate the method, we solve several model problems selected from the fields of atomic and nuclear physics. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP Kegley, DR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,CTR COMPUTAT INTENS PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013; Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253; Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 128 IS 1 BP 197 EP 208 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0203 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VL091 UT WOS:A1996VL09100013 ER PT J AU Earnest, T Padmore, H Cork, C Behrsing, R Kim, SH AF Earnest, T Padmore, H Cork, C Behrsing, R Kim, SH TI The macromolecular crystallography facility at the advanced light source SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Crystallization of Biological Macromolecules CY NOV 12-17, 1995 CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN SP Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Crystallog Soc Japan, Hiroshima Prefecture, Hiroshima City, Minist Educ Sci Sports & Culture, Japan, Int Union Crystallog, Japanese Soc Biosci Biotechnol & Agrochem, Pharm Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Micrograv Appl, Japanese Biochem Soc, Japanese Soc Synchrotron Radiat Res, Molec Biol Soc Japan, Phys Soc Japan, Soc Fermentat & Bioengn, Japan, Soc Polym Sci, Japan AB Synchrotron radiation offers several advantages over the use of rotating anode sources for biological crystallography, which allow for the collection of higher resolution data, substantially more rapid data collection, phasing by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) techniques, and time-resolved experiments using polychromatic radiation (Laue diffraction). The use of synchrotron radiation is often necessary to record useful data from crystals which diffract weakly or have very large unit cells. The high brightness and stability characteristics of the advanced light source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, along with the low emittance and long straight sections to accommodate insertion devices present in third generation synchrotrons like the ALS, lead to several advantages in the field of macromolecular crystallography. We are presently constructing a macromolecular crystallography facility at the ALS which is optimized for user-friendliness and high-throughput data collection, with advanced capabilities for MAD and Laue experiments. The X-rays will be directed to three branchlines. A well-equipped support lab will be available for biochemistry, crystal mounting and sample storage, as well as computer hardware and software available, along with staff support, allowing for the complete processing of data on site. RP Earnest, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV & ADV LIGHT SOURCE,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD OCT PY 1996 VL 168 IS 1-4 BP 248 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(96)00327-2 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA VQ249 UT WOS:A1996VQ24900031 ER PT J AU Stein, D Hetherington, D Dugger, M Stout, T AF Stein, D Hetherington, D Dugger, M Stout, T TI Optical interferometry for surface measurements of CMP pads SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Engineering Science of Chemical-Mechanical Planarization, at the 1996 Annual TMS Meeting CY FEB 04-08, 1996 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP TMS DE chemical-mechanical polishing; optical interferometry; oxide films; surface morphology AB Optical interferometry was used to quantitatively characterize the surface of chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) pads used to polish oxide films. We discuss the optical interferometry technique, including a description of the parameters necessary to compare pad samples. Flat, mesa-like structures formed on the pad during the first 5 min polish when conditioning was not used. The data from the optical interferometer indicated that the surface topography did not change with subsequent polishing, even though the thermal oxide removal rate continued to decrease. We found conditioning roughened the pad surface. Rougher pad surfaces removed more oxide during a single 5 min polish than comparatively smooth pad surfaces. Data indicates that conditioning increases and stabilizes pad surface roughness. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87123. WYKO CORP,TUCSON,AZ 85706. RP Stein, D (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 4 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1623 EP 1627 DI 10.1007/BF02655586 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VP031 UT WOS:A1996VP03100010 ER PT J AU Arent, DJ Peterson, MW Kramer, C Bertness, KA Turner, JA AF Arent, DJ Peterson, MW Kramer, C Bertness, KA Turner, JA TI Correlation of photoluminescence linewidths with carrier concentration in p-Ga0.52In0.48P SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE carrier concentration; gallium indium phosphide; nondestructive characterization; photoluminescence ID LIQUID-PHASE EPITAXY; BAND-GAP; SUBSTRATE MISORIENTATION; GROWTH TEMPERATURE; GA0.5IN0.5P; DEPENDENCE; ALLOYS; ENERGY; GAINP; INP AB We find a statistically significant correlation between carrier concentration and the Lorentzian linewidth factor determined from a Voigt lineshape fit to room-temperature photoluminscence IPL) measurements for partially ordered p-Ga0.52In0.48P epitaxially deposited by organometallic vapor-phase deposition on GaAs. The correlation is independent of the amount of ordering present in the material. For carrier concentrations over the range of similar to 10(16) to 10(19) cm(-3), PL provides rapid and nondestructive evaluation, with increasing accuracy above carrier concentration levels of 5 x 10(17) cm(-3). RP Arent, DJ (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1633 EP 1636 DI 10.1007/BF02655588 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VP031 UT WOS:A1996VP03100012 ER PT J AU Vartuli, CB Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zolper, JC Howard, AJ AF Vartuli, CB Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zolper, JC Howard, AJ TI C implantation and surface degradation of InGaP SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE carbon ion-implantation; InGaP; self-compensation ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CARBON IMPLANTATION; PHASE EPITAXY; GAAS; IN0.5GA0.5P; ALGAAS AB C ions were implanted alone, or with either N, Al, Ar, or P co-implants, into In0.51Ga0.49P at doses between 5 x 10(12)-5 x 10(14) cm(-2) and the electrical activation was measured for annealing temperatures between 650-1000 degrees C. Capless proximity annealing preserves the surface to less than or equal to 900 degrees C, as measured by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The acceptor activation percentages are low (less than or equal to 20%) in all cases. This is consistent with a model in which C has a strong tendency for self-compensation in InGaP. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Vartuli, CB (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1640 EP 1644 DI 10.1007/BF02655590 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VP031 UT WOS:A1996VP03100014 ER PT J AU Sivers, EA Ellingson, WA Snyder, SA Holloway, DA AF Sivers, EA Ellingson, WA Snyder, SA Holloway, DA TI CT multiscan: Using small area detectors to image large components SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX AB The small size and dynamic range of the best two-dimensional X-ray detectors are. impediments to the use of three-dimensional X-ray computed tomography (3D-XRCT) for 100 percent inspection of large ceramic components. The most common industrial 3D-XRCT systems use a ''rotate-only'' geometry in which the X-ray source and the area detector remain stationary while the component placed between them is rotated through 360 deg. This configuration offers the highest inspection speed and the best utilization of X-ray dose, but requires that the component be small enough to fit within the X-ray/detector ''cone.'' Also, if the object is very dense, the ratio of an unattenuated X-ray signal to that through the longest path in the component may exceed the dynamic range of the detector. To some extent, both of these disadvantages can be overcome by using ''Multiscan CT,'' i.e., scanning small overlapping regions of a large component separately while maximizing the X-ray dose to each. The overlapping scans can then be combined seamlessly into a single scan with optimal contrast. RP Sivers, EA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 711 EP 716 DI 10.1115/1.2816985 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VT092 UT WOS:A1996VT09200004 ER PT J AU Makino, A Nelson, DV Fuch, EA Williams, DR AF Makino, A Nelson, DV Fuch, EA Williams, DR TI Determination of biaxial residual stresses by a holographic-hole drilling technique SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETRY AB A technique is described for the rapid determination of residual stresses through the combined use of hole drilling and holographic interferometry. A small diameter blind hole is drilled into a part containing residual stresses and the displacement field caused by localized stress relief is registered using holographic interferometry instead of a strain gage rosette. The optical interference fringe pattern created in. the hologram upon release of stress is analyzed by a fringe counting method that allows stresses to be computed quickly. A comparison of stresses determined by the holographic hole drilling technique with different known biaxial residual stresses is shown. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Makino, A (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1115/1.2805960 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VV011 UT WOS:A1996VV01100021 ER PT J AU Tang, Y AF Tang, Y TI Laterally excited flexible tanks with nonuniform density liquid SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article ID 2 LIQUIDS; LAYERED LIQUIDS; RIGID TANKS AB A study of the dynamic responses of flexible tanks containing nonuniform liquid under horizontal base excitations is presented. The system considered is an upright, circular cylindrical tank filled with an incompressible and inviscid liquid in which the density increases with the liquid depth. Only the impulsive components of response are considered in this study since the convective components can be computed by considering the tank to be rigid. It is shown in this study that for tanks with height-to-radius ratios between 0.3 and 1.2, the response quantities may be estimated utilizing the rigid tank solutions, Also, it is found that the pressure distribution along the tank wall is not sensitive to the detailed distribution function of the liquid density, and that the base shear and moments for the tank with nonuniform liquid can be estimated conservatively by assuming that the tank is filled with an equivalent uniform liquid density that preserves the total liquid weight. Finally, a simple equation for evaluating the fundamental natural frequency of the system is proposed. RP Tang, Y (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1996 VL 122 IS 10 BP 948 EP 956 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:10(948) PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VK405 UT WOS:A1996VK40500004 ER PT J AU Field, RV Voulgaris, PG Bergman, LA AF Field, RV Voulgaris, PG Bergman, LA TI Probabilistic stability robustness of structural systems SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SEISMIC STRUCTURES; ACTIVE CONTROL AB Model uncertainty, if ignored, can seriously degrade the performance of an otherwise well-designed control system. If the level of this uncertainty is extreme, the system may even be driven to instability. In the context of structural control, performance degradation and instability imply excessive vibration or even structural failure. Robust control has typically been applied to the issue of model uncertainty through worst-case analyses. These traditional methods include the use of the structured singular value, as applied to the small gain condition, to provide estimates of controller robustness. However, this emphasis on the worst-case scenario has not allowed a probabilistic understanding of robust control. In this paper an attempt to view controller robustness as a probability measure is presented. The probability of failure due to parametric uncertainty is estimated using first-order reliability methods (FORM). It is demonstrated that FORM can provide quite accurate results on the probability of failure of actively controlled structures. Moreover, a comparison of FORM to a suitably modified structured singular value robustness analysis in a probabilistic framework is performed. It is shown that FORM is the superior analysis technique when applied to the class of problems discussed. In addition, the robustness qualities of various active control design schemes such as the linear quadratic regulator (LQR), H-2, H-infinity, and mu-synthesis are discussed in order to provide some design guidelines. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT ENGN,TALBOT LAB 306,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Field, RV (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,STRUCT DYN & VIBRAT CONTROL DEPT,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Field, Richard/K-6468-2013 OI Field, Richard/0000-0002-2765-7032 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1996 VL 122 IS 10 BP 1012 EP 1021 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VK405 UT WOS:A1996VK40500011 ER PT J AU Mahaffey, JA Parkhurst, MA Hui, TE Brownson, RC Alavanja, MCR AF Mahaffey, JA Parkhurst, MA Hui, TE Brownson, RC Alavanja, MCR TI Factors affecting use of CR-39 surface monitor technology to estimate past exposure to indoor radon SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha tracks; epidemiology; exposure; lung cancer; radon ID LUNG-CANCER; NONSMOKING WOMEN; GLASS AB In an epidemiologic study investigating influences of life-style and environment on lung cancer risk, CR-39 alpha-particle detectors, identified here as surface monitors, were affixed to subjects' elected household glass, ceramic, or enameled objects to measure residual radioactivity from embedded melon (Rn) decay products. The purpose was to estimate past cumulative indoor Rn concentrations to which the object was exposed to infer past exposures of the subject. This approach was used to supplement exposure information obtained by methods traditionally used in Rn epidemiologic studies. In addition, surface monitors were affixed to objects of selected study subjects with complete exposure information to evaluate whether surface monitors provided estimates of cumulative past residential Rn exposure comparable to estimates obtained from year-long, ambient alpha track-etch measurements in each present and previous residence. These ambient measurements were time-weighted to estimate integrated exposure of objects and were adjusted for decay and ingrowth so as to be comparable to surface monitor measurements. A regression relationship was estimated between the two estimates of cumulative Rn exposure. Surface monitor measurements had a satisfactory correlation (0.63) with adjusted ambient Rn measurements for new, nonceramic objects. RP Mahaffey, JA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MAIL STOP K1-50, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 1053-4245 J9 J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 425 EP 437 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA WF122 UT WOS:A1996WF12200003 PM 9087863 ER PT J AU Jenkins, RA Palausky, A Counts, RW Bayne, CK Dindal, AB Guerin, MR AF Jenkins, RA Palausky, A Counts, RW Bayne, CK Dindal, AB Guerin, MR TI Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in sixteen cities in the United States as determined by personal breathing zone air sampling SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental tobacco smoke; nicotine; personal exposure ID WORKPLACE; MARKERS AB Approximately one hundred nonsmoking individuals in each of 16 metropolitan areas of the United States collected a sample of air from their breathing zone while in their workplace and a sample while away from work during their 24-hour days. Individuals were selected for the study in an attempt to equally represent those working and living in smoking and nonsmoking environments. Collected samples were analyzed for respirable particulate matter (RSP) (3.5 mu m diameter), ultraviolet absorbing particulate matter fluorescing particulate matter solanesol, scopoletin, nicotine, 3-ethenyl pyridine, and myosmine. Individuals living and/or working in environments where smoking occurs were confirmed to be the most highly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Residential RSP levels ranged from 50 to 113% of those which have been reported by other investigators. For the majority of subjects who either lived or worked in smoking environments, the home was found to be the greater source of ETS exposure. Exposures of subjects whose spouses smoked unrestrictedly within the home were a factor of two to four higher than those of subjects who worked in locations where smoking occurred and was not restricted Exposures of typical subjects to nicotine in the workplace were 30-60% of those estimated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and 15-20% of those estimated by the OSHA for the most highly exposed workers. RP Jenkins, RA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,MAIL STOP 6120,BLDG 4500S,BETHEL VALLEY RD,POB 20,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 35 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 4 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 1053-4245 J9 J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 473 EP 502 PG 30 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA WF122 UT WOS:A1996WF12200006 PM 9087866 ER PT J AU Higuchi, H Balligand, H Strickland, JH AF Higuchi, H Balligand, H Strickland, JH TI Numerical and experimental investigations of the flow over a disk undergoing unsteady motion SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID RING AB The unsteady wake of a disk subjected to deceleration after starting from rest has been investigated both experimentally and numerically. Experiments were conducted in water for Reynolds numbers of 8300 and 12400. The flow field remained axisymmetric throughout the short duration of the test after the start-up. A numerical simulation has been performed using the axisymmetric vortex method developed by one of the authors. The time-dependent global wake structure and the drag time history were compared and very good agreement was shown between the experiment and the numerical simulation. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ENGN SCI CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Higuchi, H (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0889-9746 J9 J FLUID STRUCT JI J. Fluids Struct. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 10 IS 7 BP 705 EP 719 DI 10.1006/jfls.1996.0049 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VT533 UT WOS:A1996VT53300003 ER PT J AU Hoogeveen, GW Phillips, JL Dougherty, MK AF Hoogeveen, GW Phillips, JL Dougherty, MK TI Ulysses observations of corotation lags in the dayside Jovian magnetosphere: An evaluation of the hinged magnetodisc and magnetic anomaly models SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT SHEET; JUPITER; PLASMA; VOYAGER; FIELD; MAGNETOTAIL AB Ulysses observations during the inbound leg of the February 1992 encounter with Jupiter offer the opportunity to evaluate both the hinged magnetodisc and the magnetic anomaly models currently used to describe the Jovian magnetospheric corotation lag. Particle and field detectors on board Ulysses measure signatures of the current and plasma sheets. The locations of these sheets in radius and system III longitude are then used as inputs to the models. It is shown that the hinged magnetodisc model is able to explain some characteristics of the data but unable to explain others. The magnetic anomaly model appears to account for the overall nature of the magnetospheric corotational lag; however, it, too, cannot fully account for the Ulysses data. A modification of the magnetic anomaly model is offered which adequately explains the Ulysses data and, with the assumption of a sufficiently significant, time-dependent Iogenic plasma source, explains data from previous Jupiter encounters as well. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. RP Hoogeveen, GW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NIS 1,MS D466,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A10 BP 21439 EP 21446 DI 10.1029/96JA02042 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VK704 UT WOS:A1996VK70400001 ER PT J AU Lan, RX Gatley, SJ Makriyannis, A AF Lan, RX Gatley, SJ Makriyannis, A TI Preparation of iodine-123 labeled AM251: A potential Spect radioligand for the brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE cannabinoid receptor antagonist; SR141617A; iodine-123 ID RAT-BRAIN AB We report the synthesis and labeling with iodine-123 of N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AM251). This compound is an analog of the recently described cannabinoid receptor antagonist, SR141716A, in which a 4-chlorophenyl group is replaced by 4-iodophenyl. Labeling in good yield (62%) and radiochemical purity (> 95%), and high specific activity (> 2500 Ci/mmol) was achieved by an iododestannylation reaction using the tributyltin precursor, no carrier added I-123 iodide, and chloramine-T. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,STORRS,CT 06269. UNIV CONNECTICUT,SCH PHARM,STORRS,CT 06269. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 38 IS 10 BP 875 EP 881 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA VL851 UT WOS:A1996VL85100002 ER PT J AU Strijckmans, V Luo, H Coulon, C McPherson, DW Loch, C Knapp, FF Maziere, B AF Strijckmans, V Luo, H Coulon, C McPherson, DW Loch, C Knapp, FF Maziere, B TI Z-(-,-)-[Br-76]BrQNP: A high affinity PET radiotracer for central and cardiac muscarinic receptors SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE Z-(-,-)-[Br-76]BrQNP; muscarinic receptors; IQNP; QNR; Positron Emission Tomography ID IODINE-125-LABELED 1-AZABICYCLO<2.2.2>OCT-3-YL ALPHA-HYDROXY-ALPHA-(1-IODO-1-PRO; EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; IN-VIVO; SUBTYPE SELECTIVITY; BINDING-PROPERTIES; INVIVO; LIGAND; EXPRESSION AB Racemic E-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl alpha-(1-bromo-1-1-propen-3-yl)-alpha-hydroxy-alpha-phenylacetate (BrQNP) was prepared and evaluated in vivo as a potential candidate for imaging muscarinic acetylcholinergic receptors by Positron Emission Tomography. Initial in vivo blocking studies utilizing Z-(-,-)-[I-125]IQNP as a radiolabelled muscarinic probe demonstrated that a preinjection of cold E-BrQNP effectively blocks the uptake of the radiolabelled probe in the brain and heart, by 71% and 86% respectively. Z-(-,-)-[Br-76]BrQNP was prepared by electrophillic substitution from a tributylstannyl precursor. Peracetic acid and chloramine T were evaluated as oxidizing agents. After purification by SPE and RP-HPLC, radiolabelling yields of 85% and 95% were obtained with peracetic acid and chloramine T, respectively. The final radiochemical yield was 70% for both oxidizing agents. Rat biodistribution studies of Z-(-,-)-[Br-76]BrQNP showed high uptake in organs with high concentrations of muscarinic receptors (heart and brain). C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,NUCL MED GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP Strijckmans, V (reprint author), CEA,SERV HOSP FREDERIC JOLIOT,DRM,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 38 IS 10 BP 883 EP 895 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1344(199610)38:10<883::AID-JLCR902>3.0.CO;2-X PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA VL851 UT WOS:A1996VL85100003 ER PT J AU Barat, K AF Barat, K TI A guide to developing a laser standard operating procedure SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser safety; ANSI control measures; SOP AB The ANSI Z 136.1 standard requires a standard operating procedure (SOP), however, it does not recommend or suggest a format for the SOP. The goal of this article is to outline, explain and suggest an SOP format that could be applied by a laser safety officer to a varied number of situations and laser uses. RP Barat, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826 SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 5 BP 255 EP 257 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA VM286 UT WOS:A1996VM28600010 ER PT J AU Potter, K Kleinberg, RL Brockman, FJ McFarland, EW AF Potter, K Kleinberg, RL Brockman, FJ McFarland, EW TI Assay for bacteria in porous media by diffusion-weighted NMR SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TIME-DEPENDENT DIFFUSION; FLUIDS; CELLS; WATER AB In this work, an NMR technique capable of detecting bacterial cells and measuring the cell density in suspension and in porous media has been developed, It is based on the pulsed-held-gradient technique and relies on the fact that extracellular water diffuses freely while intracellular water is completely restricted by the relatively impermeable cell wall of the bacterium. At high wave vectors, the signal from extracellular water is completely suppressed while the signal from intracellular water is comparatively unaffected. This technique has been applied to the mapping of bacterial distributions in porous media. This method is presented as a nondestructive, real-time technique for biomass characterization within laboratory column and flow cell experiments, and possibly for monitoring in situ bioremediation. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM ENGN, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES CTR, RIDGEFIELD, CT 06877 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MICROBIOL GRP, RICHLAND, WA USA. RI McFarland, Eric/G-1763-2014 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM48887-03] NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD OCT PY 1996 VL 113 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1996.0149 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA VV007 UT WOS:A1996VV00700002 PM 8888588 ER PT J AU Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen TI Latency and Activation in the Control of TGF-beta SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE Ionizing radiation; activation; extracellular matrix; reactive oxygen species; mammary gland AB The biological activity of the transforming growth factor-beta's (TGF-beta)(3) is tightly controlled by their persistance in the extracellular compartment as latent complexes. Each of the three mammalian isoform genes encodes a product that is cleaved intracellularly to form two polypeptides, each of which dimerizes. Mature TGF-beta, a 24 kD homodimer, is noncovalently associated with the 80 kD latency-associated peptide (LAP). LAP is a fundamental component of TGF-beta that is required for its efficient secretion, prevents it from binding to ubiquitous cell surface receptors, and maintains its availability in a large extracellular reservoir that is readily accessed by activation. This latent TGF-beta complex (LTGF-beta) is secreted by all cells and is abundant both in circulating forms and bound to the extracellular matrix. Activation describes the collective events leading to the release of TGF-beta. Despite the importance of TGF-beta regulation of growth and differentiation in physiological and malignant tissue processes, remarkably little is known about the mechanisms of activation in situ. Recent studies of irradiated mammary gland reveal certain features of TGF-beta 1 activation that may shed light on its regulation and potential roles in the normal and neoplastic mammary gland. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 74-166,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MHBarcellos-Hoff@lbl.gov FU NIH [CA-51841]; NASA Specialized Center of Research & Training in Radiation Health; Office of Health and Environmental Research, Health Effects Research Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC-03-76SF00098] FX The author would like to thank Dr. Monica Tsang (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota) for the gift of recombinant latent TGF-beta, Dr. Dan Rifkin (New York University, New York) for providing luciferase transfected mink lung epithelial cells, and Ms. Shraddha Ravani for expert technical assistance. This work was supported by NIH CA-51841, the NASA Specialized Center of Research & Training in Radiation Health, and the Office of Health and Environmental Research, Health Effects Research Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC-03-76SF00098. NR 71 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 EI 1573-7039 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD OCT PY 1996 VL 1 IS 4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1007/BF02017391 PG 11 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA V25HE UT WOS:000208468300004 PM 10887509 ER PT J AU McLuckey, SA Herron, WJ Stephenson, JL Goeringer, DE AF McLuckey, SA Herron, WJ Stephenson, JL Goeringer, DE TI Cation attachment to multiply charged anions of oxidized bovine insulin A-chain SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE multiply charged ions; ion-ion reactions; quadrupole ion trap ID ION-ION RECOMBINATION; GAS-PHASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PYRIDINE; COLLISIONS AB Multiply charged anions of oxidized bovine insulin A-chain react with protonated quinoline exclusively by proton transfer in a Paul trap operated with helium bath gas at a pressure of 10(-3) Torr. The isomeric [C9H8N](+) ions formed from the reaction of [C4H4](+.) with pyridine, on the other hand, react largely by attachment to the multiply charged anions of oxidized bovine insulin A-chain. This observation can be rationalized on the basis of competition between unimolecular decomposition versus cooling of the ion-ion collision complex. In the case of protonated quinoline, no significant barriers are expected along the reaction coordinate for proton transfer. However, the [C9H8N](+) ion-molecule reaction product is not expected to transfer a proton without undergoing rearrangement, as is consistent with ion trap collisional activation results. The rearrangement reaction introduces a significant barrier along the reaction coordinate, thereby increasing the lifetime of the ion-ion collision complex. RRKM modeling for a polypeptide of comparable size suggests that a barrier of 0.6 eV or greater will allow for the observation of cation attachment whereas the lifetimes of collision complexes with well depths less than similar to 0.6 eV are too short for collisional cooling by the bath gas to be effective. RP McLuckey, SA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Stephenson, James/A-9262-2009; McLuckey, Scott/B-2203-2009 OI McLuckey, Scott/0000-0002-1648-5570 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1093 EP 1100 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199610)31:10<1093::AID-JMS393>3.0.CO;2-6 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA VP773 UT WOS:A1996VP77300003 PM 8916418 ER PT J AU Vuchic, B Merkle, KL Char, K Buchholz, DB Chang, RPH Marks, LD AF Vuchic, B Merkle, KL Char, K Buchholz, DB Chang, RPH Marks, LD TI Bi-epitaxial grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition and pulsed organometallic beam epitaxy: Direct comparison of transport properties and grain boundary structure SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WEAK-LINK; JUNCTIONS; MGO; BICRYSTALS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPENDENCE; BEHAVIOR; SQUIDS AB A set of 45 degrees [001] bi-epitaxial YB2Cu3O7-x thin film grain boundaries was studied to compare the effects of the microstructure on transport properties. The grain boundaries were made using two different deposition techniques: pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and pulsed organometallic beam epitaxy (POMBE). The transport properties were highly dependent on the specific growth conditions used, resulting in both fully resistive and superconducting grain boundaries. Subsequent microstructural analysis of the measured boundaries showed that both types (superconducting and resistive) meandered on the length scale of hundreds of nanometers. The major structural difference between the boundaries was at the atomic scale where the resistive boundary had a 1 nm wide disordered region. The direct correlation of microstructure to transport properties demonstrates the importance of the atomic scale structure in the resulting transport behavior. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CONDUCTUS INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94086. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP Vuchic, B (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Marks, Laurence/B-7527-2009; Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 2429 EP 2439 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0306 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VM558 UT WOS:A1996VM55800004 ER PT J AU Zhang, XF Miller, DJ Talvacchio, J AF Zhang, XF Miller, DJ Talvacchio, J TI Control of meandering grain boundary configurations in YBa2Cu3Oy bicrystal thin films based on deposition rate SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GROWTH-MECHANISM; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Changing the film deposition rate is shown to be one way to influence the meandering configurations of grain boundaries (GB's) formed in YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) bicrystal thin films. The magnitude and wavelength of the meander in YBCO films deposited at two different rates have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and statistically quantified. It has been found that the meander becomes more uniform and considerably less rough in films deposited at lower rates compared to that observed in films deposited at higher rates. A mechanism for the formation of the meandering GB is proposed based on heterogeneous nucleation and three-dimensional (3D) island growth together with overgrowth of the YBCO films across the substrate grain boundary. The different island sizes and tendency for overgrowth induced by changing the film deposition rate are believed to play important roles in controlling the meandering GB configuration. The possible effects of meandering configurations on transport properties are discussed. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SCI & TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15235. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Zhang, XF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 2440 EP 2449 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0307 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VM558 UT WOS:A1996VM55800005 ER PT J AU Rao, GR Lee, EH AF Rao, GR Lee, EH TI Effects of sequential He+ and Ar+ implantation on surface properties of polymers SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IMPROVED WEAR PROPERTIES; INDENTATION; HARDNESS; LOAD AB Three important polymers: polystyrene (PS), poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), and polyimide Kapton, were irradiated separately with 1 MeV He+, 1 MeV Ar+, and 1 MeV He+ followed by 1 MeV Ar+ sequentially, to a fluence of 3 x 10(19) ions/m(2) for each ion. The specimens were characterized for changes in surface hardness using a nanoindentation technique, and wear resistance using a reciprocating sliding wear apparatus with a steel ball counterface. Results indicated that while all polymers showed higher hardness values after ion irradiation, the dual irradiation resulted in the largest hardness increase, greater than for the single ion-irradiated specimens. Wear test results also indicated that the dual He+ + Ar+ irradiation resulted in the best improvement in wear resistance of the polymers. These improvements in properties are a consequence of cross-linking of the polymer material caused by the ion irradiation. Linear energy transfer considerations showed that the dual He+ + Ar+ implantation was better because it combined a deeper implant, in the form of He, along with Ar irradiation which resulted in a shallower but more highly cross-linked layer at the near surface. Thus a deeper and graded cross-linked surface region was formed. The study shows that there is greater flexibility for tailoring surface properties of polymers by using a judicious combination of ion species, ion energies, and fluences. RP Rao, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,BLDG 5500,MS 6376,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 26 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 2661 EP 2667 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0335 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VM558 UT WOS:A1996VM55800033 ER PT J AU Bamberger, CE Stevenson, RJ AF Bamberger, CE Stevenson, RJ TI Synthesis of fibres of MgO-Ni-0, MgO-Co-0 and Ni-0 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 K 25 PLANT,TECH DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Bamberger, CE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 19 BP 1719 EP 1722 DI 10.1007/BF00636206 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VL474 UT WOS:A1996VL47400022 ER PT J AU Bruning, R Zaluska, A Sutton, M StromOlsen, JO Brauer, S AF Bruning, R Zaluska, A Sutton, M StromOlsen, JO Brauer, S TI Crystallization of near-eutectic Co-Zr alloys and the formation and fast decay of a bcc Co92Zr8 solid solution SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID INSITU X-RAY; RAPID CRYSTALLIZATION; GLASSES AB Crystallization of amorphous Co-Zr is studied for compositions ranging from 7 to 14 at.% Zr using time-resolved small and large angle X-ray scattering. A time-transformation diagram is given for the composition range studied. A new metastable bcc-Co phase with 8 at.% dissolved Zr is found, which has a lattice constant of 2.845 Angstrom. It forms upon quenching from the melt or by polymorphic crystallization of the amorphous alloy. Cooling the bcc-phase leads to a fast transformation. Within about 1 s, a semi-coherent structure is formed where the local concentration and lattice structure is modulated on a length scale of about 30 Angstrom. During this transformation the local composition and crystal structure segregate to fcc-Co and to Co23Zr6. C1 MCGILL UNIV,CTR PHYS MAT,DEPT PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 540 EP 545 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300017 ER PT J AU He, Y Schwarz, RB Mandrus, D Jacobson, L AF He, Y Schwarz, RB Mandrus, D Jacobson, L TI Elastic moduli, density, and structural relaxation in bulk amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID MOLD CASTING METHOD; METALLIC GLASSES AB The thermal expansion and elastic properties of bulk amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy are reported. The thermal expansion was measured between 80 K and 773 K, which includes the glass transition and crystallization temperatures. The elastic moduli were measured at room temperature using a novel resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy technique in samples annealed at increasing temperatures between 300 K to 773 K. The thermal expansion data were used to deduce the Debye temperature Theta(D), and the Gruneisen parameter, gamma. The changes in elastic properties are discussed in terms of the annihilation and redistribution of free volume in the bulk amorphous state. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 602 EP 606 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300029 ER PT J AU Regan, MJ Magnussen, OM Kawamoto, EH Pershan, PS Ocko, BM Maskil, N Deutsch, M Lee, S Penanen, K Berman, LE AF Regan, MJ Magnussen, OM Kawamoto, EH Pershan, PS Ocko, BM Maskil, N Deutsch, M Lee, S Penanen, K Berman, LE TI X-ray studies of atomic layering at liquid metal surfaces SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID VAPOR INTERFACE; CAPILLARY WAVES; AU(001) SURFACE; REFLECTIVITY; GALLIUM; PHASES AB Surface-induced layering has been observed in liquid gallium and mercury using X-ray reflectivity. The specular reflectivity R(q(z)) has been measured to wavevector transfers as large as q(z) = 3.0 Angstrom(-1). For Ga, the only major deviations from Fresnel theory R(f) are near q(z) = 2.4 Angstrom(-1), where there is a peak in the ratio R/R(f). For Hg, there is a broad peak near 2.15 Angstrom(-1). The data have been collected on a sputtered clean, ultra-high vacuum Ga surface and on a Hg surface in a reducing atmosphere of hydrogen. The data can be explained with a layered liquid/vapor interface that is roughened by thermally excited capillary waves. The layer spacing is similar to the Ga or Hg atomic dimensions, extending into the bulk with an exponential decay length of 6 Angstrom for Ga and 3 Angstrom for Hg. C1 HARVARD UNIV, DEPT PHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. BAR ILAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, IL-52100 RAMAT GAN, ISRAEL. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP Regan, MJ (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV, DIV APPL SCI, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 762 EP 766 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300062 ER PT J AU Riley, SJ AF Riley, SJ TI The atomic structure of transition metal clusters SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID SMALL NICKEL CLUSTERS; ICOSAHEDRAL STRUCTURE; COBALT CLUSTERS; HYDROGENATED COBALT; PHOTOIONIZATION; CHEMISTRY; AMMONIA AB Chemical reactions are used to probe the atomic (geometrical) structure of isolated clusters of transition metal atoms. The number of adsorbate molecules that saturate a cluster, and/or the binding energy of molecules to cluster surfaces, are determined as a function of cluster size. Systematics in these properties often make it possible to propose geometrical structures consistent with the experimental observations. We will describe how studies of the reactions of cobalt and nickel clusters with ammonia, water, and nitrogen provide important and otherwise unavailable structural information. Specifically, small (less than 20 atoms) clusters of cobalt and nickel atoms often adopt entirely different structures, the former having packing characteristic of the bulk and the latter having pentagonal symmetry. These observations provide important input for model potentials that attempt to describe the local properties of transition metals. In particular, they point out the importance of a proper treatment of d-orbital binding in these systems, since cobalt and nickel differ so little in their d-orbital occupancy. RP Riley, SJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 781 EP 787 PN 2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300066 ER PT J AU Henderson, DO Mu, R Ueda, A Tung, YS White, CW Zuhr, RA Zhu, JG AF Henderson, DO Mu, R Ueda, A Tung, YS White, CW Zuhr, RA Zhu, JG TI Atomic force microscopy, electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of Au colloids formed by ion implantation in muscovite mica SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID SILICA AB Au was implanted into the (001) surface of muscovite mica at an energy of 1.1 MeV and at doses of 1, 3, 6, and 10 X 10(16) ions/cm(2). Absorption spectra of the as-implanted samples revealed a peak at 2.28 eV (545 nm) which is attributed to the surface plasmon resonance of Au colloids. The infrared reflectance measurements show a decreasing reflectivity with increasing ion dose in the Si-O stretching region (900-1200 cm(-1)). A new peak is observed at 967 cm(-1) increases with the ion dose and is attributed to a Si-O dangling bond. Atomic force microscopy images of freshly cleaved samples implanted with 6 and 10 X 10(16) ions/cm(2) indicated metal colloids with diameters between 0.9-1.5 nm. AFM images of the annealed samples showed irregularly shaped structures with a topology that results from the fusion of smaller colloids. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Henderson, DO (reprint author), FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PHYS CHEM LAB,NASHVILLE,TN 37208, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 788 EP 792 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300067 ER PT J AU Armand, P Goldbach, A Cramer, C Csencsits, R Iton, LE Price, DL Saboungi, ML AF Armand, P Goldbach, A Cramer, C Csencsits, R Iton, LE Price, DL Saboungi, ML TI Semiconductors in the disordered state: From bulk to nanoscale SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID SELENIUM CHAINS; MORDENITE; CHANNELS; SCATTERING AB Incorporation of semiconductors into zeolites has been carried out to determine the effect of confinement on structure, dynamics and electrical properties. The semiconductors stabilized in the zeolite supercages, Se, RbSe and CsSe, are known to preserve their semiconducting behavior upon melting. Examination of the polycrystalline materials by TEM, Raman and anomalous X-ray diffraction show interesting behavior which is compared with that of the bulk materials of the guest species. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 797 EP 802 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300069 ER PT J AU Rajh, T Tiede, DM Thurnauer, MC AF Rajh, T Tiede, DM Thurnauer, MC TI Surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles with bidentate ligands studied by EPR spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RES; SEMICONDUCTORS AB The surface of 50 Angstrom TiO2 nanoparticle colloids was modified in order to improve the kinetic and redox characteristics of this semiconductor. The surface was derivatized with different bidentate ligands (thiolactic, beta-mercaptopropionic, mercaptoacetic acids, and alanine) and was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and IR spectroscopies. Infrared spectroscopy suggests that at pH 4 these compounds bind to Ti(IV) surface atoms through the carboxyl group. However, when a thiol group is in the alpha position with respect to the carboxyl group, surface Ti(IV) atoms become chelated with both the carboxyl and thiol groups resulting in five-membered ring formation. This results in the formation of a charge transfer complex with an optical absorption threshold at 520 nm. Illumination at 77 K of TiO2 colloids with surface chelated Ti(IV) atoms in the absence of electron scavengers leads to the formation of the carboxyl cation radical (trapped holes) and three distinct Ti(III) centers (trapped electrons) at 4.2 K. When the temperature is increased, the hole moves to the CH3 group, which is the farthest from the colloid surface. In the presence of electron accepting species (Pb2+, Cd2+) the signal for the trapped electron disappears at 250 K indicating electron transfer to the accepting species. RP Rajh, T (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 21 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 815 EP 820 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300073 ER PT J AU Swihart, JC Nicholson, DMC Stocks, GM Wang, Y Shelton, WA Yang, H AF Swihart, JC Nicholson, DMC Stocks, GM Wang, Y Shelton, WA Yang, H TI Calculation of electronic properties of amorphous alloys SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL AB The application of the locally-self-consistent-multiple-scatter (LSMS) method to amorphous alloys is described. The LSMS algorithm is optimized for the Intel XP/S-150, a multiple-instruction-multiple-data parallel computer with 1024 nodes and 2 compute processors per node. The electron density at each site is determined by solving the multiple scattering equation for atoms within a specified distance of the atom under consideration. Because this method is carried out in real space, it is ideal for treating amorphous alloys. The code was adapted to the calculation of the electronic properties of amorphous alloys. In these calculations, the potentials in the atomic sphere approximation were determined self-consistently at each site, unlike previous calculations where the potentials were determined self-consistently at an average site. With these self-consistent potentials, the electronic properties of various amorphous alloy systems were then calculated. The calculated total electronic densities of states are presented for amorphous Ni80P20 and Ni40Pd40P20 with 300 atoms in a supercell. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Swihart, JC (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SWAIN HALL W 117,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 207 BP 841 EP 845 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB293 UT WOS:A1996WB29300078 ER PT J AU Winter, R Leichtweiss, O Biermann, C Saboungi, ML McGreevy, RL Howells, WS AF Winter, R Leichtweiss, O Biermann, C Saboungi, ML McGreevy, RL Howells, WS TI Survival of polyanions in expanded liquid Zintl alloys SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID NA-SN ALLOYS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LEAD ALLOYS; PB ALLOYS; HEAT-CAPACITY; K-PB; CSPB; KPB; RBPB AB Neutron diffraction experiments are reported of the equiatomic liquid Zintl alloys NaSn and KPb, over a wide temperature range from 873 to 1873 K. In the crystalline state, these are semiconducting compounds containing tetrahedrally coordinated polyanions (Sn-4(4-), Pb-4(4-)). For liquid KPb, diffraction results indicate the survival of polyanions in the expanded liquid alloy even to the highest temperature measured, as can be inferred from the persistence of the peak of S(Q) at Q approximate to 1 Angstrom(-1), which is indicative of intermediate-range order. The position of this peak shifts towards lower Q-values, its height decreases, and its width increases with temperature and correspondingly decreasing density. In liquid NaSn, this so-called prepeak has disappeared at 1873 K. The experimental results are compared with the results of recent ab initio molecular dynamics and computer modelling studies. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. STUDSVIK NEUTRON RES LAB, S-61182 NYKOPING, SWEDEN. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RP Winter, R (reprint author), UNIV DORTMUND, D-44227 DORTMUND, GERMANY. RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Winter, Roland/0000-0002-3512-6928 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 205 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00214-1 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB292 UT WOS:A1996WB29200015 ER PT J AU Stoddard, RD Conradi, MS McDowell, AF Saboungi, ML Price, DL AF Stoddard, RD Conradi, MS McDowell, AF Saboungi, ML Price, DL TI Atomic motions in NaSn: An unusual molecular semiconductor SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL ID ALLOYS; SN AB Recent investigations of the Zintl compound NaSn (1:1) show that both fast conduction of Na+ ions and rapid reorientations of (Sn-4)(4-) sub-units occur in the high-temperature solid, alpha-NaSn. Here Na-23 and Sn-119 NMR used to monitor motions of Na and Sn in the low-temperature solid, beta-NaSn, where motions are slower, are reported. Na+ motions, evident in Na-23 T-1(-1), T-1 rho(-1), T-2(-1) and T-2*(-1) data, are described by a single activated time constant with E(a)/k(B) = 9700 K and omega(D)(infinity) = 1.7 X 10(14) s(-1). Sn motion is evident in Sn-119 T-2(-1) and stimulated-echo data, which show that the Sn motion is thermally activated with E(a)/k(B) = 13 800 K and omega(R)(infinity) = 2.3 x 10(15) s(-1). Sn-119 stimulated-echo data also demonstrate that the mn motion is reorientation of Sn-4 tetrahedra; any mn diffusion between different tetrahedra is much slower. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP Stoddard, RD (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT PHYS 1105, 1 BROOKINGS DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 205 BP 203 EP 207 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00242-6 PN 1 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB292 UT WOS:A1996WB29200046 ER PT J AU Shackelford, JF AF Shackelford, JF TI The interstitial structure of non-crystalline solids SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID SILICON DIOXIDE GLASS; MEDIUM-RANGE ORDER; VITREOUS SILICA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SOLUBILITY; PHASE; ARGON; MODEL AB The canonical hole set for non-metallic solids has been defined in order to provide a more specific and quantitative description of the interstitial structure of non-crystalline solids. Although a broad set of construction criteria would allow an indefinitely large number of polyhedra, considering regular-faced convex polyhedra, prisms, and antiprisms, the canonical hole set for non-metallic solids is a total of 126 polyhedra. As expected, this number is substantially larger than the total of eight Bernal holes for metallic solids. An even more compact set for non-metals (28 convex polyhedra and 16 prisms and antiprisms) is possible by considering only 'simple' polyhedra which can not be further dissected. A simple application of this approach is the description of cristobalite, a crystalline analog for vitreous silica, in which the interstices are relatively undistorted truncated tetrahedra. A substantially more complex application is the description of wollastonite, a crystalline analog for CaSiO3, glass, in which the interstices are relatively distorted tetrahedra, square pyramids, and triangular prisms. RP Shackelford, JF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 204 IS 3 BP 205 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00488-7 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VV245 UT WOS:A1996VV24500001 ER PT J AU Wronkiewicz, DJ Bates, JK Wolf, SF Buck, EC AF Wronkiewicz, DJ Bates, JK Wolf, SF Buck, EC TI Ten-year results from unsaturated drip tests with UO2 at 90 degrees C: Implications for the corrosion of spent nuclear fuel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the Spent Fuel Workshop CY SEP 18-20, 1995 CL UBERLINGEN, GERMANY SP SKB, AECL, PNL ID DISPOSAL CONDITIONS; DISSOLUTION RATES; URANIUM; OXIDATION; WATER; TRANSFORMATION; BECQUERELITE; PREDICTION; RADIOLYSIS; URANOPHANE AB Alteration phases may influence both the dissolution of nuclear waste forms and release of radionuclides from the waste package environment. In the present study, UO2 pellets serve as surrogates for commercial spent nuclear fuel, with the pellets being exposed to periodic drops of simulated groundwater at 90 degrees C. Uranium release was very rapid between one and two years, resulting from grain boundary corrosion and spallation of micrometer-sized UO2 + x particles from the sample surface. The development of a dense mat of alteration phases after two years apparently trapped loose particles, resulting in reduced rates of uranium release. The paragenetic sequence of alteration phases is similar to that observed in surficial weathering zones of natural uraninite deposits, with alkali and alkaline earth uranyl silicates being the long-term solubility-limiting phases for uranium. Results from this study and comparisons with natural analogue deposits suggest that the migration of fission products from altered spent fuel may be retarded by their incorporation in secondary uranium phases. RP Wronkiewicz, DJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Buck, Edgar/D-4288-2009; Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 NR 44 TC 163 Z9 168 U1 9 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 238 IS 1 BP 78 EP 95 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00383-2 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC939 UT WOS:A1996WC93900010 ER PT J AU Kalinin, G Gauster, W Matera, R Tavassoli, AAF Rowcliffe, A Fabritsiev, S Kawamura, H AF Kalinin, G Gauster, W Matera, R Tavassoli, AAF Rowcliffe, A Fabritsiev, S Kawamura, H TI Structural materials for ITER in-vessel component design SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; IRRADIATION AB The materials proposed for ITER in-vessel components have to exhibit adequate performance for the operating lifetime of the reactor or for specified replacement intervals. Estimates show that maximum irradiation dose to be up to 5-7 dpa (for 1 MWa/m(2) in the basic performance phase (BPP)) within a temperature range from 20 to 300 degrees C. Austenitic SS 316LN-ITER Grade was defined as a reference option for the vacuum vessel, blanket, primary wall, pipe lines and divertor body. Conventional technologies and mill products are proposed for blanket, back plate and manifold manufacturing. HIPing is proposed as a reference manufacturing method for the primary wall and blanket and as an option for the divertor body. The existing data show that mechanical properties of HIPed SS are no worse than those of forged 316LN SS. Irradiation will result in property changes. Minimum ductility has been observed after irradiation in an approximate temperature range between 250 and 350 degrees C, for doses of 5-10 dpa, In spite of radiation-induced changes in tensile deformation behavior, the fracture remains ductile. Irradiation assisted corrosion cracking is a concern for high doses of irradiation and at high temperatures. Re-welding is one of the critical issues because of the need to replace failed components. It is also being considered for the replacement of shielding blanket modules by breeding modules after the BPP. Estimates of radiation damage at the locations for re-welding show that the dose will not exceed 0.05 dpa (with He generation of 1 appm) for the manifold and 0.01 dpa (with He generation 0.1 appm) for the back plate for the BPP of ITER operation. Existing experimental data show that these levels will not result in property changes for SS; however, neutron irradiation and He generation promote crack formation in the heat affected zone during welding. Cu based alloys, DS-Cu (Glidcop A125) and PH-Cu (Cu-Cr-Zr bronze) are proposed as a structural materials for high heat flux components of limiter, baffle, divertor and primary wall. Irradiation significantly changes the mechanical properties, and the electrical and thermal conductivity of these alloys. The ductility of high strength Cu alloys is reduced at relatively low doses (< 0.2 dpa) for irradiation temperature similar to < 150 degrees C. For higher doses of irradiation it remains at the low (saturated) level. This effect is exhibited by both DS-Cu and PH-Cu alloys. For higher temperatures of irradiation, an increase of ductility and decrease of strength are observed resulting from radiation-induced microstructural instabilities. The 'softening' temperature for Cu-Cr-Zr alloys is in the range 230-250 degrees C; the corresponding temperature for DS Cu alloys is ca. 300-400 degrees C. C1 CEA SACLAY, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. EFREMOV INST, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, IMTR PROJECT, BLANKET IRRADIAT ANAL LAB, OARAI, IBARAKI 31113, JAPAN. RP Kalinin, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, ITER GARCHING JWS, BOLTZMANNSTR 2, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. NR 23 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00316-9 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300004 ER PT J AU Snead, LL Jones, RH Kohyama, A Fenici, P AF Snead, LL Jones, RH Kohyama, A Fenici, P TI Status of silicon carbide composites for fusion SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; RADIATION; DAMAGE; IMPLANTATION; CERAMICS; CRYSTALS; STRENGTH; FIBERS AB Silicon carbide composites are currently being investigated as potential fusion energy structural materials in the United States, the European Community and Japan. This paper presents an overview of some of the recent issues regarding the use of this low activation material including the radiation performance of present day materials and the direction towards the development of radiation hardened SiC composites. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. KYOTO UNIV, KYOTO 611, JAPAN. COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, JOINT RES CTR, I-21020 ISPRA, ITALY. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI shao, chongyun/M-6620-2013 NR 56 TC 148 Z9 152 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 26 EP 36 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00318-2 PN A PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300006 ER PT J AU Petti, DA McCarthy, KA Gulden, W Piet, SJ Seki, Y Kolbasov, B AF Petti, DA McCarthy, KA Gulden, W Piet, SJ Seki, Y Kolbasov, B TI An overview of safety and environmental considerations in the selection of materials for fusion facilities SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID TRITIUM RECOVERY; LITHIUM ALLOY AB Safety and environmental considerations can play a large role in the selection of fusion materials. In this paper, we review the attributes of different structural, plasma facing, and breeding materials from a safety perspective and discuss some generic waste management issues as they relate to fusion materials in general, Specific safety concerns exist for each material that must be dealt with in fusion facility design, Low activation materials offer inherent safety benefits compared with conventional materials, but more work is needed before these materials have the requisite certified databases. In the interim, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) has selected more conventional materials and is showing that the safety concerns with these materials can be addressed by proper attention to design, In the area of waste management disposal criteria differ by country, However, the criteria are all very strict making disposal of fusion components difficult. As a result, recycling has gained increasing attention. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, NET TEAM, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. ITER, JOINT CENT TEAM, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, NAKA FUS RES ESTAB, NAKA, IBARAKI 31101, JAPAN. RP Petti, DA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, FUS SAFETY PROGRAM, POB 1625, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00302-9 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300007 ER PT J AU Odegard, BC Kalin, BA AF Odegard, BC Kalin, BA TI A review of the joining techniques for plasma facing components in fusion reactors SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB An attempt was made to review the current joining techniques being considered for the ITER plasma facing components (PFC). This review describes the general characteristics of two of the joining techniques (brazing and diffusion bonding) being used to join a beryllium armor to a copper alloy heat sink and describes the issues associated with these joining processes. Much of the information is relevant to the other ITER material candidates. Most important is a list of the relevant activities either completed or in progress addressing the beryllium-copper joining issues. C1 MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW 115409, RUSSIA. RP Odegard, BC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 44 EP 50 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00303-0 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300008 ER PT J AU Mattas, RF Billone, MC AF Mattas, RF Billone, MC TI Materials for breeding blankets SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB There are several candidate concepts for tritium breeding blankets that make use of a number of special materials. These materials can be classified as primary blanket materials, which have the greatest influence in determining the overall design and performance, and secondary blanket materials, which have key functions in the operation of the blanket but are less important in establishing the overall design and performance. The issues associated with the blanket materials are specified and several examples of materials performance are given. Critical data needs are identified. RP Mattas, RF (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 72 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00305-4 PN A PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300011 ER PT J AU Matsui, H Fukumoto, K Smith, DL Chung, HM vanWitzenburg, W Votinov, SN AF Matsui, H Fukumoto, K Smith, DL Chung, HM vanWitzenburg, W Votinov, SN TI Status of vanadium alloys for fusion reactors SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID PRODUCTION BIAS; BASE ALLOYS AB Advantages of vanadium alloys for fusion reactor structural applications are: low induced activation, excellent thermal stress factor, high strength at elevated temperatures, and superior ductility at low temperatures. Resistance to irradiation damage is also very impressive, i.e. very small DBTT shift by irradiation and low swelling, Research and development of vanadium alloys have made a remarkable progress in recent years partly supported by ITER-related activities, Composition range centered about V-4Cr-4Ti is the target of many of the studies conducted in the US, Japan and RF, Most of the studies have demonstrated the superior performance of this alloy family, while some alloys containing large amount of impurities have shown relatively poor properties. In addition to the baseline mechanical properties, neutron irradiation effects, e.g., swelling and radiation embrittlement are covered in this paper, Of particular importance is the study on the effects of dynamically-charged helium on mechanical properties and swelling. Recent developments of insulator coatings and welding are also covered. The importance of mechanistic studies of the damage behavior is emphasized for efficient alloy development and prediction of materials life in service. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. ECN PETTEN, PETTEN, NETHERLANDS. AA BOCHVAR INORGAN MAT RES INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. RP Matsui, H (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV, IMR, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN. NR 27 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00331-5 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300013 ER PT J AU Kinoshita, C Zinkle, SJ AF Kinoshita, C Zinkle, SJ TI Potential and limitations of ceramics in terms of structural and electrical integrity in fusion environments SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID RADIATION-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION DAMAGE; IN-SITU MEASUREMENT; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; INSULATING MATERIALS; MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DEFECT CLUSTERS; FISSION REACTOR; AL2O3 AB The characteristic behavior of the nucleation and growth process of defect clusters in various ceramic materials irradiated with electrons, ions and neutrons is a good measure for evaluating their structural integrity in fusion energy devices. In order to provide insight on the origin of the structural integrity, this review treats the characteristic difference in defect: cluster evolution in MgAl2O4, alpha-Al2O3 and MgO. This review also includes experimental results which show the importance of irradiation with concurrent transmutation-produced gases and of irradiation spectrum. Further attention is focused on the dynamic effects of irradiation, such as radiation induced conductivity and radiation induced electrical degradation (RIED) during irradiation with electrons, ions, fission neutrons and fusion neutrons, Since the phenomenon of RIED evokes serious technological problems for applications of ceramics in irradiation environments, this paper heavily emphasizes on the nature and possible mechanisms of RIED. Data obtained from recent experiments that used standardized procedures for in-situ measurements of electrical conductivity are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP KYUSHU UNIV 36, DEPT NUCL ENGN, FUKUOKA 81281, JAPAN. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 115 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 100 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00319-4 PN A PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300014 ER PT J AU Fabritsiev, SA Zinkle, SJ Singh, BN AF Fabritsiev, SA Zinkle, SJ Singh, BN TI Evaluation of copper alloys for fusion reactor divertor and first wall components SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID IRRADIATION; METALS; TEMPERATURE; ACCUMULATION AB This paper presents a critical analysis of the main factors of radiation damage limiting the possibility to use copper alloys in the ITER divertor and first wall structure. In copper alloys the most significant types of radiation damage in the proposed temperature-dose operation range are swelling, creep, and low-temperature radiation embrittlement. Low-temperature radiation embrittlement at T-irr < 150 degrees C presents considerable problems for dispersion strengthened (DS) and precipitation-hardened (PH) copper alloys, as their uniform elongation at T-test - T-irr - 100 degrees C drops to similar to 0.1% after irradiation doses of 0.01 to 0.1 dpa. At irradiation temperatures above 300 degrees C, pronounced softening occurs in PH copper alloys due to radiation-enhanced precipitate coarsening and dislocation recovery and recrystallization processes. The DS copper alloys are relatively resistant to radiation-enhanced softening up to temperatures of similar to 400 degrees C, The analysis of all available data indicates that copper alloys are suitable for structural applications in ITER components within a relatively narrow temperature range of 180 degrees C to 280 degrees C for PH alloys such as Cu-Cr-Zr and 180 degrees C to 350 degrees C for DS alloys such as oxide dispersion strengthened copper (e.g., GlidCop). Operation at lower temperatures is possible if uniform elongations < 1% can be tolerated in the design. Based on the available unirradiated and irradiated data, oxide dispersion strengthened copper (Cu-Al2O3) is considered to be the best candidate for high heat flux structural applications, followed by CuNiBe and CuCrZr. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. DV EFREMOV SCI RES INST, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. RISO NATL LAB, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 43 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00091-8 PN A PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300017 ER PT J AU Kohyama, A Hishinuma, A Gelles, DS Klueh, RL Dietz, W Ehrlich, K AF Kohyama, A Hishinuma, A Gelles, DS Klueh, RL Dietz, W Ehrlich, K TI Low-activation ferritic and martensitic steels for fusion application SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB This paper reviews the history and the present status of the development of low-activation ferritic/martensitic steels for fusion applications, followed by a summary of the status of the International Energy Agency fusion materials working group activities, where an international collaborative test program on low-activation ferritic/martensitic steels for fusion is in progress. The objective of the test program is to verify the feasibility of using ferritic/martensitic steels for fusion by an extensive test program covering the most relevant technical issues for the qualification of a material for nuclear application. The development of a comprehensive data base on the representative industrially processed reduced-activation steels of type 8-9Cr-2WVTa will provide designers a preliminary set of material data within about 3 years for the mechanical design of components, e.g., for demo relevant blanket modules to be tested in ITER. Knowledge on the current limitations of low-activation ferritic steels for application in advanced fusion systems is reviewed and future prospects are defined. C1 JAERI, TOKAI ESTAB, TOKAI, IBARAKI, JAPAN. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, FUS PROGRAM, DGXII, B-1049 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP Kohyama, A (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV, INST ADV ENERGY, KYOTO, JAPAN. NR 27 TC 206 Z9 218 U1 8 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 138 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00327-3 PN A PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300018 ER PT J AU Grossbeck, ML Gibson, LT Jitsukawa, S AF Grossbeck, ML Gibson, LT Jitsukawa, S TI Irradiation creep in austenitic and ferritic steels irradiated in a tailored neutron spectrum to induce fusion reactor levels of helium SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID ALLOYS; HFIR AB A series of six austenitic stainless steels and two ferritic alloys were irradiated sequentially in two research reactors where the neutron spectrum was tailored as a function of time to produce a He production rate typical of a fusion device, Irradiation began in the Oak Ridge Research Reactor where an atomic displacement level of 7.4 dpa was achieved and was then transferred to the High Flux Isotope Reactor for the remainder of the irradiation to a total displacement level of 19 dpa. Temperatures of 60 and 330 degrees C are reported on. At 330 degrees C irradiation creep was found to be linear in stress and fluence with rates in the range of 1.7-5.5 x 10(-4)% MPa(-1) dpa(-1). Annealed and cold-worked materials exhibited similar creep rates. There is some indication that austenitic alloys with TIC or TiO precipitates had a slightly higher irradiation creep rate than those without. The ferritic alloys HT-9 and Fe-16Cr had irradiation creep rates about 0.5 x 10(-4)% MPa(-1) dpa(-1). No meaningful data could be obtained from the tubes irradiated at 60 degrees C because of damage to the tubes. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES ESTAB, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. RP Grossbeck, ML (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 148 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00205-X PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300019 ER PT J AU Jitsukawa, S Shiba, K Hishinuma, A Alexander, DJ Pawel, JE AF Jitsukawa, S Shiba, K Hishinuma, A Alexander, DJ Pawel, JE TI Comparison of elastic-plastic fracture toughness of irradiated and cold-worked JPCA using miniaturized DCT specimens SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS; STAINLESS-STEELS AB J-R curves of an austenitic stainless steel in solution annealed and cold worked conditions were obtained using miniaturized fracture toughness specimens and standard compact tension specimens. Results indicate that the specimen size effect for the cold worked steel was small. J(Q) values of irradiated miniaturized specimens agreed well with those of cold worked specimens with similar yield stress levels. This suggests that the irradiation induced degradation of the fracture toughness is mainly dependent upon the irradiation hardening. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00204-8 PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300020 ER PT J AU Klueh, RL AF Klueh, RL TI Tensile behavior of irradiated manganese-stabilized stainless steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID AUSTENITIC STEELS AB Seven experimental high-manganese reduced-activation austenitic stainless steels and type 316 stainless steel in the solution-annealed and 20% cold-worked condition were irradiated in the fast flux test facility up to ca. 44 dpa at 420, 520 and 600 degrees C. Tensile tests were conducted at the irradiation temperature. The experimental alloys included an Fe-20Mn-12Cr-0.25C (in wt%) base composition and this composition with combinations of Ti, W, V, P and B. In the solution-annealed condition, the steels hardened at all three temperatures, but hardening occurred at only 420 degrees C in the 20% cold-worked condition. Hardening caused a decrease in ductility. The steel with a combination of all the alloying elements showed the greatest resistance to irradiation-induced hardening and loss of ductility. RP Klueh, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, MS 6376, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00216-4 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300029 ER PT J AU Pawel, JE Rowcliffe, AF Alexander, DJ Grossbeck, ML Shiba, K AF Pawel, JE Rowcliffe, AF Alexander, DJ Grossbeck, ML Shiba, K TI Effects of low temperature neutron irradiation on deformation behavior of austenitic stainless steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AB Two experiments have been conducted to quantify the effects of neutron irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of solution annealed austenitic stainless steels irradiated to doses ranging from 3 to 19 dpa at temperatures from 60 to 400 degrees C. For all alloys, yield strength increases rapidly with dose in the 60-300 degrees C regime. Radiation hardening is accompanied by changes in the flow properties with the appearance of an initial yield drop and a significant reduction in strain hardening capacity. The magnitude of the changes is dependent upon both neutron dose and irradiation temperature, with reductions in strain hardening capacity occurring most rapidly in the range 250-350 degrees C. It is shown that for neutron doses up to about 3 dpa, although the changes in deformation mode reduce the fracture toughness, the toughness remains satisfactorily high. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. RP Pawel, JE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 35 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00218-8 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300030 ER PT J AU Lucas, GE Billone, M Pawel, JE Hamilton, ML AF Lucas, GE Billone, M Pawel, JE Hamilton, ML TI Implications of radiation-induced reductions in ductility to the design of austenitic stainless steel structures SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; IRRADIATION; BEHAVIOR AB In the dose and temperature range anticipated for ITER, austenitic stainless steels exhibit significant hardening with a concomitant loss in work hardening and uniform elongation. However, significant post-necking ductility may still be retained. When uniform elongation (e(u)) is well defined in terms of a plastic instability criterion, e(u) is found to sustain reasonably high values out to about 7 dpa in the temperature range 250-350 degrees C, beyond which it decreases to about 0.3% for 316LN. This loss of ductility has significant implications to fracture toughness and the onset of new failure modes associated with shear instability. However, the retention of a significant reduction in area at failure following irradiation indicates a less severe degradation of low-cycle fatigue life in agreement with a limited amount of data obtained to date. Suggestions are made for incorporating these results into design criteria and future testing programs. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Lucas, GE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM ENGN, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00217-6 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300031 ER PT J AU Wang, CA Grossbeck, ML Potluri, NB Chin, BA AF Wang, CA Grossbeck, ML Potluri, NB Chin, BA TI Welding of irradiated stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID REMOTE REACTOR REPAIR; HELIUM AB Previous experiments in irradiated and tritium doped stainless steel (SS) have shown that helium concentrations as low as 2 to 3 appm can lead to catastrophic cracking along the heat affected zone (HAZ) upon cooling following welding, The objective of this study was to investigate the threshold helium concentration for weld cracking and to determine whether the application of a compressive stress would suppress cracking, To simulate welding of irradiated material, annealed 316SS was doped with helium to levels of 0.7, 1.5, 5.2 and 10 appm and welded using the gas tungsten are process (GTA), A threshold level for cracking in the helium doped material of approximately 1.0 appm was observed,The percentage of the weld length that cracked was found to increase with increasing helium from 3% for the 1.5 appm samples to 66% for the 10 appm samples, The application of a compressive stress was found to suppress the weld cracking and yield mechanical properties similar to that of the base metal. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, CA (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00203-6 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300032 ER PT J AU Li, HX Jones, RH Hirth, JP Gelles, DS AF Li, HX Jones, RH Hirth, JP Gelles, DS TI Fracture toughness of the F-82H steel-effect of loading modes, hydrogen, and temperature SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID ASSISTED DUCTILE FRACTURE; III FRACTURE; ROTOR STEEL AB The effects of loading mode, hydrogen, and temperature on fracture toughness and tearing modulus were examined for a ferritic/martensitic steel (F-82H). The introduction of a shear load component, mode III, significantly decreased the initiation and propagation resistance of cracks compared to the opening load, mode I, behavior. Mode I crack initiation and propagation exhibited the highest resistance. A minimum resistance occurred when the mode I and mode III loads were nearly equal. The presence of 4 wppm hydrogen decreased the cracking resistance compared to behavior without H regardless of the loading mode. The minimum mixed-mode fracture toughness with the presence of hydrogen was about 30% of the hydrogen-free mode I fracture toughness. The mixed-mode toughness exhibited a lesser sensitivity to temperature than the mode I toughness. The J(IC) value was 284 kT/m(2) at room temperature, but only 60 W/m(2) at - 55 degrees C and 30 kJ/m(2) at -90 degrees C. The ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) was apparently higher than -55 degrees C. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RP Li, HX (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 258 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00219-X PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300042 ER PT J AU Toloczko, MB Garner, FA AF Toloczko, MB Garner, FA TI Irradiation creep and void swelling of two LMR heats of HT9 at similar to 400 degrees C and 165 dpa SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID STAINLESS-STEELS AB Two nominally identical heats of HT9 ferritic-martensitic steel were produced, fabricated into pressurized tubes, and then irradiated in FFTF, using identical procedures. After reaching 165 dpa at similar to 400 degrees C, small differences in strains associated with both phase-related changes in lattice parameter and void swelling were observed in comparing the two heats. The creep strains, while different, exhibited the same functional dependence on swelling behavior. The derived creep coefficients, the one associated with creep in the absence of swelling and the one directly responsive to swelling, were essentially identical for the two heats. Even more significantly, the creep coefficients for this bcc ferritic-martensitic steel appear to be very similar and possibly identical to those routinely derived from creep experiments on fee austenitic steels. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 289 EP 292 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00413-8 PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300048 ER PT J AU Gelles, DS AF Gelles, DS TI Microstructural examination of commercial ferritic alloys at 200 dpa SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Microstructures and density change measurements are reported for martensitic commercial steels HT-9 and modified 9Cr-1Mo (T91) and oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic alloys MA956 and MA957 following irradiation in the FFTF/MOTA at 420 degrees C to 200 dpa. Swelling as determined by density change remains below 2% for all conditions. Microstructures are found to be stable except in recrystallized grains of MA957, which are fabrication artifacts, with only minor swelling in the martensitic steels and alpha' precipitation in alloys with 12% or more chromium. These results further demonstrate the high swelling resistance and microstructural stability of the ferritic alloy class. RP Gelles, DS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 293 EP 298 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00222-X PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300049 ER PT J AU Stubbins, JF Gelles, DS AF Stubbins, JF Gelles, DS TI Fatigue performance and cyclic softening of F82H, a ferritic-martensitic steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The room temperature fatigue performance of F82H has been examined. The fatigue life was determined in a series of strain-controlled tests where the stress level was monitored as a function of the number of accrued cycles. Fatigue lives in the range of 10(3) to 10(6) cycles to failure were examined, The fatigue performance was found to be controlled primarily by the elastic strain range over most of the range of fatigue lives examined. Only at low fatigue lives did the plastic strain range contribute to the response. However, when the significant plastic strain did contribute, the material showed a tendency to cyclically soften, That is, the load carrying capability of the material degrades with accumulated fatigue cycles, The overall fatigue performance of the F82H alloy was found to be similar to other advanced martensitic steels, but lower than more common low alloy steels which posses lower yield strengths. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Stubbins, JF (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00226-7 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300056 ER PT J AU Klueh, RL Alexander, DJ AF Klueh, RL Alexander, DJ TI Impact behavior of reduced-activation steels irradiated to 24 dpa SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID CR-W STEELS AB Charpy impact tests were previously conducted on eight chromium-tungsten steels after irradiation at 365 degrees C to 6-8 and 15-17 dpa in the Fast Flux Test Facility. These same steels, which range in chromium concentration from 2.25 to 12 wt% (all steels contained 0.1%C), have now been irradiated to 20-24 dpa under the same conditions. Post-irradiation Charpy impact tests after 20-24 dpa showed that the loss of impact toughness, as measured by an increase in the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) and a decrease in the upper-shelf energy, remained relatively unchanged from the values after 15-17 dpa. As before, the most irradiation-resistant steels were two 9% Cr steels: the DBTT of a 9Cr-2W-0.25V steel increased 59 degrees C, and for the same composition with an addition of 0.07% Ta, the DBTT increased only 21 degrees C. The other steels developed shifts in DBTT of 100 to 300 degrees C. A 2.25% Cr steel with 2% W and 0.25% V was less severely affected by irradiation than 2.25% Cr steels with 0.25% V and no tungsten, 2% W and no vanadium, and with 1% W and 0.25% V. Steels with 5 and 12% Cr, 2% W, and 0.25% V had properties between those of the 2.25Cr and 9Cr steels. RP Klueh, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 13 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 336 EP 341 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00173-5 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300057 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Chung, HM Loomis, BA Tsai, HC AF Smith, DL Chung, HM Loomis, BA Tsai, HC TI Reference vanadium alloy V-4Cr-4Ti for fusion application SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID BASE ALLOYS; HELIUM AB Vanadium alloys exhibit important advantages as a candidate structural material for fusion first-wall/blanket applications. These advantages include high temperature and high wall load capability, favorable safety and environmental features, resistance to irradiation damage, and alloys of interest are readily fabricable. A substantial data base has been developed on laboratory-scale heats of V-Ti, V-Cr-Ti and V-Ti-Si alloys before and after irradiation. Investigations in recent years have focused primarily on compositions of V-(0-15)Cr-(0-20)Ti-(0-1)Si. Results from these investigations have provided a basis for identifying a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy as the US reference vanadium alloy for further development. Major results obtained on one production-scale heat and three laboratory heats with compositions of V-(4-5)Cr-(4-5)Ti are presented in this paper. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00231-0 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300061 ER PT J AU Garner, FA Greenwood, LR Loomis, BA Ohnuki, S Sekimura, N AF Garner, FA Greenwood, LR Loomis, BA Ohnuki, S Sekimura, N TI Influence of flux-spectra differences on transmutation, dimensional changes and fracture of vanadium alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; EMBRITTLEMENT; CR AB Density and dimensional changes can arise in vanadium alloys from radiation-induced segregation and precipitation of chromium, titanium and other elements, Transmutation of vanadium to chromium can also lead to significant changes in density, either directly or indirectly, via its effect on precipitation. Furthermore, the swelling of vanadium and its alloys is known to be very sensitive to the chromium level. Since the transmutation rate to produce chromium is very sensitive to neutron spectra, an apparent flux-dependence of void swelling may occur that actually arises from the spectral differences that accompany changes in displacement rate within most reactors, Transmutation and segregation can also severely impact the fracture behavior in some alloys. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. HOKKAIDO UNIV, SAPPORO, HOKKAIDO 060, JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO, TOKYO, JAPAN. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 406 EP 410 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00227-9 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300070 ER PT J AU Ohnuki, S Takahashi, H Garner, FA Pawel, JE Shiba, K Hishinuma, A AF Ohnuki, S Takahashi, H Garner, FA Pawel, JE Shiba, K Hishinuma, A TI Transmutation-induced embrittlement of vanadium and several vanadium alloys in HFIR SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Vanadium, V-1Ni, V-10Ti and V-10Ti-1Ni (at%) were irradiated in HFIR to doses ranging from 18 to 30 dpa and temperatures between 300 and 600 degrees C. Since the irradiation was conducted in a highly thermalized neutron spectrum without shielding against thermal neutrons, significant levels of chromium (15-22%) were formed by transmutation. The addition of such large chromium levels caused strong embrittlement, At higher irradiation temperatures radiation-induced segregation of transmutant Cr and solute Ti at specimen surfaces caused strong increases in the density of the alloy, The resultant shrinkage, possibly compounded by thermal cycling, led to cracks developing at all intersections of grain boundaries with the specimen surface, This caused specimens irradiated at 500 degrees C or below to often fail during retrieval from the reactor, as well as during electropolishing and other handling operations. At 600 degrees C, the cracking and embrittlement processes are so severe that only a fine dust, composed mostly of individual grains or chunks of grains, was found in the irradiation capsule. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. HOKKAIDO UNIV, SAPPORO, HOKKAIDO 060, JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 411 EP 415 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00335-2 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300071 ER PT J AU Carmack, WJ Smolik, GR McCarthy, KA AF Carmack, WJ Smolik, GR McCarthy, KA TI Electroslag remelt processing of irradiated vanadium alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB This paper describes experimental efforts to investigate the potential of a slag remelting process for reducing radioactivity of irradiated vanadium alloys used in a fusion power production facility. The experiment determined the removal characteristics of four surrogate transmutation isotopes significant to accident safety expected in a V-5Ti-5Cr alloy irradiated under fusion conditions (Ca, Y, to simulate Sc, Mn, and Ar). Removal of these isotopes could decrease the accident risk of reprocessing irradiated vanadium and reusing it in fusion reactors. An electroslag remelt furnace was used in the experiment to melt and react the constituents using a calcium fluoride slag. The process achieved 90% removal of calcium and over 99% removal of yttrium. Analyses indicate that 40% of the manganese has been removed. Argon analysis of the refined ingots indicates that 99% of the argon was removed from the vanadium alloy. RP Carmack, WJ (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, POB 1625, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 416 EP 420 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00228-0 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300072 ER PT J AU Smith, JP Johnson, WR Stambaugh, RD Trester, PW Smith, D Bloom, E AF Smith, JP Johnson, WR Stambaugh, RD Trester, PW Smith, D Bloom, E TI Utilization of vanadium alloys in the DIII-D radiative divertor program SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID BASE ALLOYS AB Vanadium alloys are attractive candidate structural materials for fusion power plants because of their potential for minimum environmental impact due to low neutron activation and rapid activation decay. They also possess favorable material properties for operation in a fusion environment. General Atomics in conjunction with Argonne National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory has developed a plan for the utilization of vanadium alloys as part of the radiative divertor upgrade for the DIII-D tokamak. The plan will be carried out in conjunction with General Atomics and the Materials Program of the US Department of Energy. This application of a vanadium alloy will provide a meaningful step in the development of advanced materials for fusion power devices by: (1) developing necessary materials processing technology for the fabrication of large vanadium alloy components and (2) demonstrating the in-service behavior of a vanadium alloy (V-4Cr-4Ti) in a tokamak environment. The program consists of three phases: first, small vanadium alloy coupon samples will be exposed in DIII-D at positions in the vessel floor and within the pumping plenum region of the existing divertor structure; second, a small vanadium alloy component will be installed in the existing divertor, and third, during the forthcoming radiative divertor modification, scheduled for completion in mid-1997, the upper section of the new double-null, slotted divertor will be fabricated from vanadium alloy product forms. This program also includes research and development efforts to support fabrication development and to resolve key issues related to environmental effects. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN USA. RP Smith, JP (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO, POB 85608, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 421 EP 425 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00229-2 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300073 ER PT J AU Chung, HM Loomis, BA Smith, DL AF Chung, HM Loomis, BA Smith, DL TI Properties of vanadium-base alloys irradiated in the Dynamic Helium Charging Experiment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID DAMAGE AB One property of vanadium-base alloys that is not well understood in terms of their potential use as fusion reactor structural materials, is the effect of simultaneous generation of helium and neutron damage. In the present Dynamic Helium Charging Experiment (DHCE), helium was produced uniformly in the specimen at linear rates of approximate to 0.4 to 4.2 appm helium/dpa by the decay of tritium during irradiation to 18-31 dpa at 425-600 degrees C in Li-filled capsules in a sodium-cooled fast reactor. This paper presents results of postirradiation examination and tests of microstructure and mechanical properties of V-5Ti, V-3Ti-1Si, V-8Cr-6Ti, and V-4Cr-4Ti (the latter alloy has been identified as the most promising candidate vanadium alloy). Effects of helium on tensile strength and ductility were insignificant after irradiation and testing at > 420 degrees C. However, postirradiation ductilities at < 250 degrees C were higher than those of the non-DHCE specimens (< 0.1 appm helium), whereas strengths were lower, indicating that different types of hardening centers are produced during DHCE and non-DHCE irradiation. Ductile-brittle transition behavior of the DHCE specimens was also determined from bend tests and fracture appearance of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) disks and broken tensile specimens. No brittle behavior was observed at temperatures > -150 degrees C in DHCE specimens. Predominantly brittle-cleavage fracture morphologies were observed only at -196 degrees C in some specimens that were irradiated to 31 dpa at 425 degrees C during the DHCE. For the helium generation rates in this experiment (approximate to 0.4-4.2 appm He/dpa), grain-boundary coalescence of helium microcavities was negligible and intergranular fracture was not observed. RP Chung, HM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 466 EP 475 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00232-2 PN A PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300082 ER PT J AU Park, JH Kassner, TF AF Park, JH Kassner, TF TI CaO insulator coatings and self-healing of defects on V-Cr-Ti alloys in liquid lithium system SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID FUSION AB Electrically insulating and corrosion-resistant coatings are required at the liquid metal/structural interface in fusion first-wall/blanket applications. The electrical resistance of CaO coatings produced on V-5%Cr-5%Ti by exposure of the alloy to liquid Li that contained 0.5-85 wt% dissolved Ca was measured as a. function of time at temperatures between 250 and 600 degrees C. The solute element,a in liquid Li, reacted with the alloy substrate at 400-420 degrees C to produce a CaO coating. Resistance of the coating layer measured in-situ in liquid Li was approximate to 10(6) Omega at 400 degrees C. Thermal cycling between 300 and 700 degrees C changed the coating layer resistance, which followed insulator behavior. These results suggest that thin homogeneous coatings can be produced on variously shaped surfaces by controlling the exposure time, temperature, and composition of the liquid metal. The technique can be applied to various shapes (e.g., inside/outside of tubes, complex geometrical shapes) because the coating is formed by liquid-phase reaction. Examination of the specimens after cooling to room temperature revealed no spallation, but homogeneous crazing cracks were present in the CaO coating. Additional tests to investigate the in-situ self-healing behavior of the cracks indicated that rapid healing occurred at greater than or equal to 360 degrees C. RP Park, JH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 476 EP 481 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00234-6 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300083 ER PT J AU Natesan, K Soppet, WK AF Natesan, K Soppet, WK TI Effect of oxygen and oxidation on tensile properties of V-5Cr-5Ti alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Oxidation studies were conducted on V-5Cr-5Ti alloy specimens in an air environment to evaluate the oxygen uptake behavior of the alloy as a function of temperature and exposure time. The oxidation rates calculated from parabolic kinetic measurements of thermogravimetric testing and confirmed by microscopic analyses of cross sections of exposed specimens were 5, 17, and 27 mu m per year after exposure at 300, 400, and 500 degrees C, respectively. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted at room temperature and at 500 degrees C on preoxidized specimens of the alloy to examine the effects of oxidation and oxygen migration on tensile strength and ductility. Microstructural characteristics of several of the tested specimens were determined by electron optics techniques. Correlations were developed between tensile strength and ductility of the oxidized alloy and microstructural characteristics such as oxide thickness, depth of hardened layer, depth of intergranular fracture zone, and transverse crack length. RP Natesan, K (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 482 EP 487 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00235-8 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300084 ER PT J AU Gieseke, BG Stevens, CO Grossbeck, ML AF Gieseke, BG Stevens, CO Grossbeck, ML TI Fatigue and crack growth behavior of V-Cr-Ti alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The results of in-vacuum low cycle fatigue tests are presented for unirradiated V-5Cr-5Ti tested at 25, 250, and 400 degrees C. A pronounced environmental degradation of the fatigue properties is observed in this alloy at 25 degrees C. Fatigue life was reduced by as much as 84% when testing was completed in a rough vacuum. Cyclic stress range data and SEM observations suggest that this reduction is due to a combination of increases in rates of crack initiation and subsequent growth. In high vacuum, the fatigue results also show a trend of increasing cyclic life with increasing temperature between 25 and 400 degrees C. At 250 degrees C, life averages 1.7 times that at 25 degrees C, and at 400 degrees C, life averages 3.2 times that at 25 degrees C. A comparison of low cycle fatigue results for V-5Cr-5Ti was made to 20% cold-worked 316 stainless steel and several vanadium-base alloys. The results suggest that V-5Cr-5Ti has better resistance to fatigue than 316-SS in the temperature range of 25 to 400 degrees C. At 400 degrees C, the data also show that V-5Cr-5Ti out performs Vanstar alloys 7 and 8 over the entire range of strains investigated. Furthermore, the fatigue properties of the V-5Cr-5Ti alloy compare favorably to V-15Cr-5Ti (at 25 degrees C) and Vanstar 9 (at 400 degrees C) at strains greater than 1%. At lower strains, the lower fatigue resistance of V-5Cr-5Ti is attributed to the higher strengths of the V-15Cr-5Ti and Vanstar 9 alloys. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 488 EP 491 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00236-X PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300085 ER PT J AU Gubbi, AN Rowcliffe, AF AF Gubbi, AN Rowcliffe, AF TI Recovery and recrystallization of vanadium alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; STORED ENERGY; FE ALLOY; BEHAVIOR AB A vanadium alloy containing 4 wt% Cr and 4 wt% Ti has been identified as a promising candidate structural alloy for liquid metal-cooled blankets in fusion power reactors. Studies of recovery, recrystallization and precipitation kinetics are in progress to provide the metallurgical basis for the development of improved properties. Recovery and recrystallization behavior has been examined using conventional slow heating/cooling cycles, rapid heating and quenching, and differential scanning calorimetry. The reduction in hardness is a two-stage process with the first stage associated with recovery due to cell formation and annihilation of dislocations, and the second stage involving the growth of recrystallization nuclei. This is consistent with the results of the differential scanning calorimetry which exhibit a broad exothermic peak at low temperature range due to recovery followed by a sharp exotherm associated with recrystallization. RP Gubbi, AN (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 497 EP 501 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00237-1 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300087 ER PT J AU Buxbaum, RE Subramanian, R Park, JH Smith, DL AF Buxbaum, RE Subramanian, R Park, JH Smith, DL TI Hydrogen transport and embrittlement for palladium coated vanadium-chromium-titanium alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID MEMBRANES; DIFFUSION; BLANKET AB As part of a study of the thermodynamics, kinetics and embrittlement properties of hydrogen in vanadium based alloys, experiments were conducted to determine the rate of hydrogen transport through the vanadium reference alloys, V-7.5Cr-15Ti and V-4Cr-4Ti, and to determine these alloys' hydrogen embrittlement, they were exposed to hydrogen pressures of 3 and 300 kPa (0.03-3 atm) at temperatures between 380 and 475 degrees C. To facilitate hydrogen entry and egress, tubes of these alloys were coated with palladium on the inside and outside faces. Observed permeabilities were 0.015 to 0.065 mu mol/(m(2) s Pa-0.5) for the V-7.5Cr-15Ti alloy and 0.02 to 0.05 mu mol/(m(2) s Pa-0.5) for the V-4Cr-4Ti alloy depending on the quality of the coat and the operating temperature. At 1.7 atm hydrogen, V-7.5Cr-15Ti embrittled at temperatures below 380 degrees C while V-4Cr-4Ti embrittled around 330 degrees C. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, FUS POWER PROGRAM, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP Buxbaum, RE (reprint author), REB RES & CONSULTING, 3259 HILTON RD, FERNDALE, MI 48220 USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 510 EP 512 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00239-5 PN A PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300090 ER PT J AU Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ Edwards, DJ AF Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ Edwards, DJ TI Low-temperature radiation embrittlement of copper alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID FUSION AB The effect of low-temperature (T-irr less than 0.3T(melt)) irradiation on the tensile properties of copper and precipitation-hardened (PH) and dispersion-strengthened (DS) copper alloys was investigated. Samples were irradiated with fission neutrons at temperatures of 80 to 200 degrees C to doses of 0.6 to 5 dpa. Irradiation at temperatures <150 degrees C resulted in significant hardening and accompanying embrittlement in all of the materials. By comparing the present results with literature data, it is concluded that severe radiation embrittlement occurs in copper alloys irradiated at temperatures less than or equal to 100 degrees C for doses above similar to 0.01 to 0.1 dpa. On the other hand, irradiation at temperatures above 150 degrees C causes only moderate embrittlement for doses up to similar to 5 dpa. It is recommended that the minimum operating temperature for copper alloys intended for structural applications in fusion energy systems should be 150 degrees C, unless uniform elongations <1% can be accommodated in the design. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. DIMITROVGRAD ATOM REACTORS RES INST, DIMITROVGRAD 433510, RUSSIA. DV EFREMOV RES INST, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 16 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 513 EP 518 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00242-5 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300091 ER PT J AU Edwards, DJ Garner, FA Hamilton, ML Troxell, JD AF Edwards, DJ Garner, FA Hamilton, ML Troxell, JD TI High temperature stability of dispersion strengthened copper alloys Irradiated with fast neutrons SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Two heavily cold-worked dispersion strengthened copper alloys, GlidCop(TM) CuAl25 and GlidCop(TM)-Nb, were irradiated at three different conditions to study their response to high temperature neutron irradiation. The results revealed that the GlidCop(TM)-Nb possesses a greater resistance to irradiation-induced changes in the mechanical properties than GlidCop(TM) CuAl25, Although the CuAl25 exhibited significant decreases in ultimate strength and increases in elongation, the minimum strength was still higher than that of unirradiated as-wrought CuAl25, For all of the alloys the changes in mechanical properties were independent of displacement rate and temperature. C1 SCM MET PROD, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. RP Edwards, DJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MSIN P8-15, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 519 EP 525 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00208-5 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300092 ER PT J AU Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ Rowcliffe, AF Edwards, DJ Garner, FA Sandakov, VA Singh, BN Barabash, VR AF Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ Rowcliffe, AF Edwards, DJ Garner, FA Sandakov, VA Singh, BN Barabash, VR TI The effect of neutron spectrum on the mechanical and physical properties of pure copper and copper alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The electrical resistivity and tensile properties of copper and oxide dispersion strengthened (DS) copper alloys have been measured before and after fission neutron irradiation to damage levels of 0.5 to 5 displacements per atom (dpa) at similar to 100 to 400 degrees C. Some of the specimens were-irradiated inside a 1.5 mm Cd shroud in order to reduce the thermal neutron flux. The electrical resistivity data could be separated into two components, a solid transmutation component Delta rho(tr) which was proportional to thermal neutron fluence and a radiation defect component Delta rho(rd) which was independent of displacement dose. The saturation value for Delta rho(rd) was similar to 1.2 n Omega m for pure copper and similar to 1.6 n Omega m for the DS copper alloys irradiated at 100 degrees C in positions with a fast-to-thermal neutron flux ratio of 5, Considerable radiation hardening was observed in all specimens at irradiation temperatures below 200 degrees C. The yield strength was relatively insensitive to neutron spectrum in specimens strengthened by dispersoids or cold-working. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. DIMITROVGRAD ATOM REACTORS RES INST, DIMITROVGRAD 433510, RUSSIA. DV EFREMOV ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS INST, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RISO NATL LAB, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS, ITER, JOINT CENT TEAM, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 526 EP 533 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00260-7 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300093 ER PT J AU Leedy, KD Stubbins, JF Singh, BN Garner, FA AF Leedy, KD Stubbins, JF Singh, BN Garner, FA TI Fatigue behavior of copper and selected copper alloys for high heat flux applications SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID STRENGTHENED COPPER; PRECIPITATION AB The room temperature fatigue behavior of standard and subsize specimens was examined for five copper alloys: OFHC Cu, two CuNiBe alloys, a CuCrZr alloy, and a Cu-Al2O3 alloy. Fatigue tests were run in strain control to failure. In addition to establishing failure lives, the stress amplitudes were monitored as a function of numbers of accrued cycles. The results indicate that the alloys with high initial yield strengths provide the best fatigue response over the range of failure lives examined in the present study: N-f=10(3) to 10(6). In fact, the fatigue performance of the best alloys is dominated by the elastic portion of the strain range, as would be expected from the correlation of performance with yield properties. The alumina strengthened alloy and the two CuNiBe alloys show the best overall performance of the group examined here. The fatigue response was found to be closely related to the uniformity of the material microstructure and particularly the distribution of the finely dispersed strengthening phases. The pre- and post-fatigue microstructures were examined to identify the types and distribution of secondary phases, and their role in fatigue response. C1 RISO NATL LAB, DEPT MET, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Leedy, KD (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 547 EP 552 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00243-7 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300097 ER PT J AU Watanabe, H Yasunaga, K Muroga, T Yoshida, N Garner, FA AF Watanabe, H Yasunaga, K Muroga, T Yoshida, N Garner, FA TI The influence of heat treatments on neutron irradiated Nb-1Zr alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The microstructural evolution of neutron irradiated Nb-1Zr alloy at 693-1003 K to doses as high as 47.2 dpa has been investigated, At all irradiation conditions, strong void swelling resistance was found. In the cold-worked and aged specimens, voids of about 50 nm diameter were observed at lower temperature (693 K) and higher temperature ranges (918-1003 K), but not at intermediate temperature ranges (744-842 K). The void density increased with dose, The swelling behavior obtained by density measurements was revealed to be rather complex, depending on irradiation temperature and dose. The complex role of starting condition on both microstructural evolution and density changes are presumably due to phase-related changes during irradiation. C1 KYUSHU UNIV, INTERDISCIPLINARY GRAD SCH ENGN SCI, KASUGA, FUKUOKA 816, JAPAN. NATL INST FUS SCI, NAGOYA, AICHI 46401, JAPAN. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Watanabe, H (reprint author), KYUSHU UNIV, APPL MECH RES INST, KASUGA, FUKUOKA 816, JAPAN. RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 577 EP 580 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00244-9 PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300103 ER PT J AU Davis, JW Wille, GW Heitzenroeder, P AF Davis, JW Wille, GW Heitzenroeder, P TI Use of titanium in the tokamak physics experiment (TPX) SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The titanium alloy Ti-6A1-4V is currently the reference alloy for the vacuum vessel of the tokamak physics experiment (TPX), which will use D-D as fuel. Titanium was selected because it satisfies the requirement of reduced radioactivation of the TPX vacuum vessel. Reduced activation allows the hands-on maintenance of components inside the vacuum vessel during the first two years of operation, with a gradual transition to fully remote maintenance required during the latter phases of TPX's experimental program when the neutron yields are expected to be much higher. It also reduces the eventual waste storage requirements. As part of the R&D program on TPX, two issues on titanium were studied: the impact of the plasma hydrogen absorption on titanium and the welding of thick sections. Based on preliminary analysis, no critical issues were encountered. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA. RP Davis, JW (reprint author), MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP, AEROSP, POB 516, ST LOUIS, MO 63166 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 592 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00195-X PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300106 ER PT J AU Davis, JW Slattery, KT Driemeyer, DE Ulrickson, MA AF Davis, JW Slattery, KT Driemeyer, DE Ulrickson, MA TI Use of tungsten coating on iter plasma facing components SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB As part of the US ITER research and development activities, approaches to applying tungsten clads to copper, along with the development of a transpiration-cooled tungsten for use as a disruption energy dump, are being investigated. Joining is being attempted by diffusion bonding using nickel or titanium interlayers. Reduction in bondline residual stresses is being accomplished by use of functionally graded layers of tungsten and copper with copper as the continuous phase. Layers are being fabricated using vacuum plasma spray, liquid phase sintering and powder hoc isostatic pressing. Initial metallographic results are promising, with fabrication of tensile and high heat flux specimens planned. Direct infiltration of 74% dense tungsten with magnesium and lithium is planned. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Davis, JW (reprint author), MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP, AEROSP, POB 516, MAIL CODE 106 7220, ST LOUIS, MO 63166 USA. NR 12 TC 42 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 604 EP 608 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00209-7 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300109 ER PT J AU Araki, M Youchison, DL Akiba, M Watson, RD Sato, K Suzuki, S AF Araki, M Youchison, DL Akiba, M Watson, RD Sato, K Suzuki, S TI Manufacturing and testing of a Be/OFHC-Cu divertor module SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Beryllium, carbon-based materials and tungsten are considered as plasma facing materials for the next generation of fusion machines such as the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER). Beryllium is one of the primary candidate materials because of its low atomic number and lack of tritium codeposition. However, Joining of a beryllium armor to a copper heat sink remains a critical problem due to the formation of brittle intermetallics at the interface. To address this concern, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute manufactured a beryllium/Cu divertor module with Cr and Ni diffusion barriers. This Be/Cu module was tested in the electron beam test system of Sandia National Laboratories in the framework of the US-Japan Fusion Collaboration. The divertor module consisted of four beryllium tiles, 25 mm x 25 mm, and a square copper heat sink with convolutions like a screw nut inside the coolant channel. To evaluate the integrity of the brazed bonds under various heat fluxes, beryllium tiles of two different thicknesses, 2 and 10 mm, were bonded to the copper heat sink. Cooling conditions of 10 m/s water flow velocity at 1 MPa, and a water inlet temperature of 20 degrees C were selected based on the thermal analysis, During high heat flux testing the 10 mm. thick Be tiles detached at an absorbed heat flux around 5 MW/m(2) for several shots due to flaws al the braze joint confirmed by optical observation after manufacturing. One of the 2 mm thick Be tiles failed after 550 cycles at the steady state heat flux of 6.5 MW/m(2). Most likely the failure was caused by brittleness at the interface caused by the presence of Be-Cu intermetallics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, FUS TECHNOL DEPT 6428, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Araki, M (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, NAKA FUS RES ESTAB, 801-1 NAKA MACHI, NAKA, IBARAKI 31101, JAPAN. OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 632 EP 637 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00101-8 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300115 ER PT J AU Valentine, PG Nygren, RE Burns, RW Rocket, PD Colleraine, AP Lederich, RJ Bradley, JT AF Valentine, PG Nygren, RE Burns, RW Rocket, PD Colleraine, AP Lederich, RJ Bradley, JT TI High heat flux testing of CFC composites for the tokamak physics experiment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB High heat flux (HHF) testing of carbon fiber reinforced carbon composites (CFC's) was conducted under the General Atomics program to develop plasma-facing components (PFC's) for Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory's tokamak physics experiment (TPX). As part of the process of selecting TPX CFC materials, a series of HHF tests were conducted with the 30 kW electron beam test system (EBTS) facility at Sandia National Laboratories, and with the plasma disruption simulator I (PLADIS-I) facility at the University of New Mexico. The purpose of the tests was to make assessments of the thermal performance and erosion behavior of CFC materials. Tests were conducted with 42 different CFC materials. In general, the CFC materials withstood the rapid thermal pulse environments without fracturing, delaminating, or degrading in a non-uniform manner; significant differences in thermal performance, erosion behavior, vapor evolution, etc, were observed and preliminary findings are presented below. The CFC's exposed to the hydrogen plasma pulses in PLADIS-I exhibited greater erosion rates than the CFC materials exposed to the electron-beam pulses in EBTS. The results obtained support the continued consideration of a variety of CFC composites for TPX PFC components. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSP, ST LOUIS, MO 63166 USA. UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. RP Valentine, PG (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO, ADV TECHNOL GRP, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 660 EP 666 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00214-0 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300120 ER PT J AU Hassanein, A Konkashbaev, I AF Hassanein, A Konkashbaev, I TI Lifetime evaluation of plasma-facing materials during a tokamak disruption SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID EROSION AB Erosion losses of plasma-facing materials in a tokamak reactor during major disruptions, giant ELMs, and large power excursions are serious concerns that influence component survivability and overall lifetime. Two different mechanisms lead to material erosion during these events: surface vaporization and loss of the melt layer. Hydrodynamics and radiation transport in the rapidly developed vapor-cloud region above the exposed area are found to control and determine the net erosion thickness from surface vaporization. A comprehensive self-consistent kinetic model has been developed in which the time-dependent optical properties and the radiation field of the vapor cloud are calculated in order to correctly estimate the radiation flux at the divertor surface. The developed melt layer of metallic divertor materials will, however, be free to move and can be eroded away due to various forces. Physical mechanisms that affect surface vaporization and cause melt layer erosion are integrated in a comprehensive model. It is found that for metallic components such as beryllium and tungsten, lifetime due to these abnormal events will be controlled and dominated by the evolution and hydrodynamics of the melt layer during the disruption. The dependence of divertor plate lifetime on various aspects of plasma/material interaction physics is discussed. C1 TROITSK INST INNOVAT, TROITSK, RUSSIA. RP Hassanein, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 713 EP 717 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00213-9 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300129 ER PT J AU Barabash, V Akiba, M Mazul, I Ulrickson, M Vieider, G AF Barabash, V Akiba, M Mazul, I Ulrickson, M Vieider, G TI Selection, development and characterisation of plasma facing materials for ITER SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The current status of the selection of the armour materials for first wall, limiters and divertor are presented. The candidate armour materials are beryllium, tungsten and carbon base materials (mainly carbon fiber composites), The selection of the references grades from these material classes is discussed and the candidate grades are described, The main reasons for the selection of the reference grades are also discussed, The urgent materials R&D needs for the development of the design are described briefly. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, NAKA, IBARAKI 31101, JAPAN. DV EFREMOV INST ELECTROPHYS APPARATUS, ST PETERSBURG 189631, RUSSIA. SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NET TEAM, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. RP Barabash, V (reprint author), ITER, GARCHING JOINT WORK SITE, BOLTSMANNSTR 2, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. NR 14 TC 28 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 718 EP 723 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00323-6 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300130 ER PT J AU Wampler, WR Bastasz, R Buchenauer, D Whyte, D Wong, CPC Brooks, NH West, WP AF Wampler, WR Bastasz, R Buchenauer, D Whyte, D Wong, CPC Brooks, NH West, WP TI Erosion and deposition of metals and carbon in the DIII-D divertor SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID HYDROGEN AB Net erosion rates at the outer strike point of the DIII-D divertor plasma were measured for several materials during quiescent H-mode operation with deuterium plasmas. Materials examined include graphite, beryllium, tungsten, vanadium and molybdenum, For graphite, net erosion rates up to 4 nm/s were found, Erosion rates for the metals were much smaller than for carbon, Ion fluxes from Langmuir probe measurements were used to predict gross erosion by sputtering. Measured net erosion was smaller than predicted gross erosion, Transport of metal atoms by the plasma across the divertor surface was also examined. Light atoms were transported farther than heavy atoms as predicted by impurity transport models. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, LIVERMORE, CA USA. GEN ATOM CO, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. RP Wampler, WR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 791 EP 797 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00196-1 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WB603 UT WOS:A1996WB60300144 ER PT J AU Woo, CH Garner, FA AF Woo, CH Garner, FA TI Displacement rate dependence of irradiation creep as predicted by the production bias model SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID GROWTH AB Recently, it has been shown that the non-swelling component of irradiation creep of austenitic stainless steels is relatively independent of temperature but is sensitive to the displacement rate. An earlier model of Lewthwaite and Mosedale anticipated the sensitivity of displacement rate and attributed it to the flux sensitivity of point-defect recombination. The point-defect recombination process does not yield the observed temperature dependence, however, although it does predict the inverse dependence of the creep rate (in dpa(-1)) on the square root of the displacement rate that was experimentally observed at relatively low temperatures. The production bias concept of Woo and Singh provides for an improved irradiation creep model. It predicts the correct temperature and displacement rate dependence of the non-swelling-related component of creep, and also provides a good description of the swelling-enhanced component of creep. The dose rate dependence of the creep and swelling rates occurs as a result of the generation, during cascade damage, of primary clusters, the sink strengths of which are significant compared with those of sinks visible using electron microscopy. The primary clusters act as recombination centres for the single defects. As the dose rate increases, the number density and hence the sink strength of these primary clusters also increases, thus reducing their efficiency. This model leads to a prediction that the creep rate varies as the displacement rate, in close agreement with the observed square root behaviour. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Woo, CH (reprint author), ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD, WHITESHELL LABS, PINAWA, MB R0E 1L0, CANADA. RI Woo, Chung Ho/E-3657-2010 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 974 EP 978 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00310-8 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300032 ER PT J AU Stoller, RE AF Stoller, RE TI Point defect survival and clustering fractions obtained from molecular dynamics simulations of high energy cascades SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; METALS; IRON AB The evolution of high-energy displacement cascades in iron has been investigated for times up to 200 ps using the method of molecular dynamics simulation. The simulations were carried out using the MOLDY code and a modified version of the many-body interatomic potential developed by Finnis and Sinclair. Previously reported results have been supplemented by a series of 10 keV simulations at 900 K and 20 keV simulations at 100 K. The results indicate that the fraction of the Frenkel pairs escaping in-cascade recombination is somewhat higher and the fraction of the surviving point defects that cluster is lower in iron than in materials such as copper. In particular, vacancy clustering appears to be inhibited in iron. Many of the larger interstitial clusters were observed to exhibit a complex, three-dimensional morphology. The apparent mobility of the [111] crowdion and clusters of [111] crowdions was very high. RP Stoller, RE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011 NR 10 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 999 EP 1003 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00261-9 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300037 ER PT J AU Katoh, Y Muroga, T Kohyama, A Stoller, RE Namba, C AF Katoh, Y Muroga, T Kohyama, A Stoller, RE Namba, C TI Rate theory modeling of defect evolution under cascade damage conditions: The influence of vacancy-type cascade remnants on defect evolution SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; PRODUCTION BIAS; CLUSTERS; LOOPS AB Recent computational and experimental studies have confirmed that high energy cascades produce clustered defects of both vacancy- and interstitial-types as well as isolated point defects. However, the production probability, configuration, stability and other characteristics of the cascade clusters are not well understood in spite of the fact that clustered defect production would substantially affect the irradiation-induced microstructures and the consequent property changes in a certain range of temperatures and displacement rates. In this work, a model of point defect and cluster evolution in irradiated materials under cascade damage conditions was developed by combining conventional reaction rate theory and results from the latest molecular dynamics simulation studies. This paper provides a description of the model and a model-based fundamental investigation of the influence of configuration, production efficiency and the initial size distribution of cascade-produced vacancy clusters. C1 KYOTO UNIV, INST ATOM ENERGY, UJI, KYOTO 611, JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Katoh, Y (reprint author), NATL INST FUS SCI, NAGOYA, AICHI 46401, JAPAN. RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1022 EP 1028 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00088-8 PN B PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300041 ER PT J AU Ryazanov, A Braski, D Schroeder, H Trinkaus, H Ullmaier, H AF Ryazanov, A Braski, D Schroeder, H Trinkaus, H Ullmaier, H TI Modeling the effect of creep on the growth of helium bubbles in metals during annealing SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The kinetics of helium bubble growth during annealing of unstressed and stressed metals is modeled. Growth in the matrix, on grain boundaries as well as on triple grain junctions is considered. A coalescence model is developed for the description of helium bubble growth by volume and surface diffusion. The dependence of growth on the location of the bubbles in the microtructure is discussed. An applied tensile stress has been observed to accelerate bubble growth on grain boundaries and on triple grain junctions [1]. A theoretical model of the influence of stress-induced grain boundary sliding on bubble growth on triple grain junctions in a stressed metal due to bubble sweeping by moving dislocations during creep is suggested. The time-dependent bubble size distribution function is discussed for different mechanisms and paths of bubble migration. The time dependences of the number density and mean radius of bubbles in unstressed metal is derived. The present theoretical model is compared with experimental TEM results for an Fe-17Cr-17Ni alloy which was cyclotron-injected with 160 appm helium and annealed at 1023 K for times up to 1.74 Ms (482 h), due to Braski [J. Nucl. Mater. 83 (1979) 265]. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. RP Ryazanov, A (reprint author), RUSSIAN RES CTR, KURCHATOV INST, MOSCOW 123182, RUSSIA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1076 EP 1079 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00076-1 PN B PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300051 ER PT J AU delaRubia, TD Perlado, JM Tobin, M AF delaRubia, TD Perlado, JM Tobin, M TI Radiation effects in silicon carbide: High energy cascades and damage accumulation at high temperature SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; POTENTIALS; REACTORS AB We discuss results of molecular dynamics computer simulation studies of 3 keV and 5 keV displacement cascades in beta-SiC, as well as damage accumulation under conditions similar to those in Inertial Fusion environments. The simulations are performed with the Tersoff potential. The cascade lifetime in SiC is found to be extremely short. This, combined with the high melting temperature of SIC, precludes direct lattice amorphization during the cascade. Although large disordered regions result, these retain their basic crystalline structure. The SiC results also show anisotropy in the number of Si and C recoils as well as in the number of replacements in each sublattice. Details of the damage configurations and of the accumulation dynamics obtained will be discussed. C1 UNIV POLITECN MADRID, INST FUS NUCL, MADRID 28006, SPAIN. RP delaRubia, TD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1096 EP 1101 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00206-1 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300055 ER PT J AU Kanashenko, SL Gorodetsky, AE Chernikov, VN Markin, AV Zakharov, AP Doyle, BL Wampler, WR AF Kanashenko, SL Gorodetsky, AE Chernikov, VN Markin, AV Zakharov, AP Doyle, BL Wampler, WR TI Hydrogen adsorption on and solubility in graphites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID DEUTERIUM AB The experimental data on adsorption and solubility of hydrogen isotopes in graphite over a wide range of temperatures and pressures are reviewed. Langmuir adsorption isotherms are proposed for the hydrogen-graphite interaction. The entropy and enthalpy of adsorption are estimated, allowing for effects of relaxation of dangling sp(2) bonds. Three kinds of traps are proposed: edge carbon atoms of interstitial loops with an adsorption enthalpy relative to H-2 gas of -4.4 eV/H-2 (unrelaxed, Trap 1), edge carbon atoms at grain surfaces with an adsorption enthalpy of -2.3 eV/H-2 (relaxed, Trap 2), and basal plane adsorption sites with an enthalpy of +2.43 eV/H-2 (Trap 3). The adsorption capacity of different types of graphite depends on the concentration of traps which depends on the crystalline microstructure of the material. The number of potential sites for the 'true solubility' (Trap 3) is assumed to be about one site per carbon atom in all types of graphite, but the endothermic character of this solubility leads to a negligible H inventory compared to the concentration of hydrogen in type 1 and type 2 traps for temperatures and gas pressures used in the experiments. Irradiation with neutrons or carbon atoms increases the concentration of type 1 and type 2 traps from about 20 and 200 appm respectively for unirradiated (POCO AXF-5Q) graphite to about 1500 and 5000 appm, respectively, at damage levels above 1 dpa. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP Kanashenko, SL (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST PHYS CHEM, LENINSKY PROSPEKT 31, MOSCOW 117915, RUSSIA. NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1207 EP 1212 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00067-0 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300077 ER PT J AU Springer, GD Windisch, CF Jones, RH AF Springer, GD Windisch, CF Jones, RH TI Stability of SiC/SiC composites in environments containing O-2 and H-2 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID OXIDATION-KINETICS AB Silicon carbide composites with carbon interfaces have been analyzed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) in O-2 and H-2 environments to predict their performance as structural materials in fusion applications. Conditions for testing included temperatures between 800 and 1200 degrees C, O-2 concentrations ranging from 100 to 1500 ppm, and H-2 concentrations of 0.1 and 1%. Weight losses observed by TGA were determined to be primarily due to the oxidation of the carbon interface. Linear-parabolic kinetics governed the interfacial oxidation for all of the conditions in O-2. By focusing on the linear region, a simple model estimated the linear rate dependency on O-2 partial pressure to be on the order of 0.911. Weight loss data in H-2 environments yielded activation energies of 18 and 34 kcal/mol for 0.1 and 1%, respectively. The weight loss rates in H-2 were 6 to 26 times slower than rates in O-2, when approximations were made assuming linear kinetics. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1271 EP 1274 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00247-4 PN B PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300090 ER PT J AU Ibarra, A Vila, R Garner, FA AF Ibarra, A Vila, R Garner, FA TI Optical and dielectric properties of neutron irradiated MgAl2O4 spinels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID RADIATION AB The radiation effects on the optical and electrical properties of stoichiometric MgAl2O4 spinel specimens irradiated in FFTF-MOTA at temperatures between 385 and 750 degrees C to fluence ranging from 5.3 to 24.9 x 10(26) n m(-2) (E > 0.1 MCV) are measured. In the optical properties a strong absorption in the ultraviolet range is observed together with a small band around 20 000 cm(-1) (520 nm). Two strong luminescence emissions are also observed around 700 nm, with excitation spectra in the ultraviolet region. In the electrical properties a strong decrease of conductivity is observed in the temperature range from 0 to 500 degrees C. Other techniques (like dielectric spectroscopy and EPR) have been used. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Ibarra, A (reprint author), CIEMAT, EURATOM ASSOC, INST INVEST BAS, AVDA COMPLUTENSE 22, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. RI VILA, RAFAEL/C-5903-2011; OI VILA, RAFAEL/0000-0001-5760-7039; Ibarra, Angel/0000-0002-2420-2497 NR 9 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1336 EP 1339 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00158-4 PN B PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300103 ER PT J AU Natesan, K AF Natesan, K TI Fabrication and performance of AlN insulator coatings for application in fusion reactor blankets SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB The liquid-metal blanket concept for fusion reactors requires an electrically insulating coating on the first-wall structural material to minimize the magnetohydrodynamic pressure drop that occurs during the flow of liquid metal in a magnetic field. Based on the thermodynamics of interactions between the coating and the liquid lithium on one side and the structural V-base alloy on the other side, an AlN coating was selected as a candidate. Detailed investigations were conducted on the fabrication, metallurgical microstructure, compatibility in liquid Li, and electrical characteristics of AlN material obtained from several sources. Lithium compatibility was studied in static systems by exposing AlN-coated specimens to liquid Li for several time periods. Electrical resistance was measured at room temperature on the specimens before and after exposure to liquid Li. The results obtained in this study indicate that AlN is a viable coating from the standpoint of chemical compatibility in Li, electrical insulation, and ease of fabrication; for these reasons, the coating should be examined further for fusion reactor applications. RP Natesan, K (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1403 EP 1410 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00256-5 PN B PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300117 ER PT J AU Takahashi, T Noda, K Slagle, OD Hobbs, FD AF Takahashi, T Noda, K Slagle, OD Hobbs, FD TI Microstructure and density changes of Li2O during irradiation in BEATRIX-II, Phase I and II SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID INSITU TRITIUM RECOVERY; SOLID BREEDER MATERIALS; FAST-NEUTRON FLUX AB BEATRIX-II Phase I and II were in-situ tritium recovery experiments to characterize the behavior of ceramic breeders irradiated to high burn-up using the fast flux test facility (FFTF). A thin-walled, Li2O-sintered ring specimen and single crystals specimen were irradiated to total lithium burn-ups of about 5 at%. Scanning electron microscopy of the ring specimen in Phase II revealed a substantial increase of open porosity and platelet-shaped grains and a decrease in grain size for most parts of the specimens. At the top end of the specimen hexagonal-shaped bubbles were observed in addition to the increase of porosity and the decrease of grain size. The increase of open porosity and the decrease of grain size were considered to arise from a significant link-up of the bubbles. Such increase of open porosity led to volumetric swelling in the order of 20%. Fracture surfaces of the single crystals exhibited morphological changes resembling blisters. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST, TOKAI, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1457 EP 1461 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00253-X PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300127 ER PT J AU Billone, MC AF Billone, MC TI Thermal and tritium transport in Li2O and Li2ZrO3 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA ID CONDUCTIVITY AB Lithium oxide (Li2O) and lithium zirconate (Li2ZrO3) are promising tritium breeder ceramics for fusion reactors. The thermal and tritium transport databases for these materials are reviewed. Algorithms are presented for predicting the temperature and retained-tritium profiles across sintered-product and pebble-bed regions. The thermal conductivity of sintered-product material has been measured and correlated over a wide range of temperatures and densities. A modified Hall and Martin model gives good agreement with data for the effective conductivity of pebble beds of these ceramics. Laboratory data for tritium behavior in Li2O have been used to determine model parameters in the TIARA code, which has been validated to 20 post-irradiation inventory data points. As the fundamental database for Li2ZrO3 is less complete, a residency-time correlation, based on 31 inventory data points, is proposed. The two ceramics are compared in the context of an ITER breeding-blanket design. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, FUS POWER PROGRAM, DIV TECHNOL DEV, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, FUS POWER PROGRAM, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1462 EP 1466 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00254-1 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300128 ER PT J AU Greenwood, LR Garner, FA AF Greenwood, LR Garner, FA TI Hydrogen generation arising from the Ni-59(n,p) reaction and its impact on fission-fusion correlations SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB While the influence of transmutant helium on radiation-induced microstructural evolution has often been studied, there is a tendency to overlook the influence of concurrently-generated hydrogen. Recent studies suggest that the influence of hydrogen may be enhanced in the presence of large amounts of helium, especially at lower irradiation temperatures typical of projected ITER operation. This interaction may have an impact on potentially hydrogen-sensitive processes such as irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) of stainless steel. In nickel-bearing alloys, one of the major sources of helium in neutron spectra with a significant thermal neutron component is the two-step Ni-58(n, gamma)Ni-59(n, alpha)Fe-56 reaction. It has generally been overlooked, however, that the competing (n, p) reaction on Ni-59 can dominate the hydrogen production process since about one hydrogen atom is generated for every six helium atoms. Inclusion of the damage energy deposited by the (n, p) reaction in the alloy matrix also requires a slight modification in the Ni-59(n, alpha) damage enhancement formula published earlier. The impact of the (n, p) reaction on both hydrogen generation and displacement rates is evaluated in this paper for a variety of neutron spectra often employed in fission-fusion correlations. RP Greenwood, LR (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1530 EP 1534 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00264-4 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300140 ER PT J AU Hassanein, A AF Hassanein, A TI Deuteron beam interaction with lithium jet in a neutron source test facility SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB Testing and evaluating candidate fusion reactor materials in a high-flux, high-energy neutron environment are critical to the success and economic feasibility of a fusion device. The current understanding of materials behavior in fission-like environments and existing fusion facilities is insufficient to ensure the necessary performance of future fusion reactor components. An accelerator-based deuterium-lithium system to generate the required high neutron flux for material testing is considered to be the most promising approach in the near future. In this system, a high-energy (30-40 MeV) deuteron beam impinges on a high-speed (10-20 m/s) lithium jet to produce the high-energy (greater than or equal to 14 MeV) neutrons required to simulate a fusion environment via the Li (d, n) nuclear stripping reaction. Interaction of the high-energy deuteron beam and the subsequent response of the high-speed lithium jet are evaluated in detail. Deposition of the deuteron beam, jet-thermal hydraulic response, lithium-surface vaporization rate, and dynamic stability of the jet are modeled. It is found that lower beam kinetic energies produce higher surface temperature and consequently higher Li vaporization rates, Larger beam sizes significantly reduce both bulk and surface temperatures. Thermal expansion and dynamic velocities (normal to jet direction) due to beam energy deposition and momentum transfer are much lower than jet flow velocity and decrease substantially at lower beam current densities. RP Hassanein, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1547 EP 1551 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00266-8 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300143 ER PT J AU McCarthy, KA Smolik, GR Hagrman, DL Petti, DA AF McCarthy, KA Smolik, GR Hagrman, DL Petti, DA TI Summary of oxidation driven mobilization data and their use in fusion safety assessments SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-7) CY SEP 25-29, 1995 CL OBNINSK, RUSSIA AB We have carried out experiments to simulate accident conditions with air or steam ingress, and determine the amount of material mobilized from the material. We also perform first principles modeling to understand the mechanisms involved in mobilization, and determine whether volatilization or oxide spalling dominates mobilization. Our results indicate that if long-term accident temperatures are kept below similar to 700 degrees C, oxidation-driven mobilization may be less important than resuspension of tokamak dust, release of corrosion products, and release of plasma-vaporized material. RP McCarthy, KA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB, FUS SAFETY PROGRAM, POB 1625, IDAHO FALLS, ID 83415 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 233 BP 1607 EP 1611 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(96)00263-2 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC643 UT WOS:A1996WC64300156 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Overall, J Hitzemann, RJ Pappas, N Pascani, K Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Overall, J Hitzemann, RJ Pappas, N Pascani, K Fowler, JS TI Reproducibility of regional brain metabolic responses to lorazepam SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cerebral glucose metabolism; lorazepam; pharmacological challenge ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; ALCOHOLICS; DIAZEPAM; VARIABILITY; ANXIETY AB Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism in response to benzodiazepine agonists have been used as indicators of benzodiazepine-GABA receptor function. The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of these responses. Methods: Sixteen healthy right-handed men underwent scanning with PET and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) twice: before placebo and before lorazepam (30 mu g/kg). The same double FDG procedure was repeated 6-8 wk later on the men to assess test-retest reproducibility. Results: The regional absolute brain metabolic values obtained during the second evaluation were significantly lower than those obtained from the first evaluation regardless of condition (p less than or equal to 0.001). Lorazepam significantly and consistently decreased both whole-brain metabolism and the magnitude. The regional pattern of the changes were comparable for both studies (12.3% +/- 6.9% and 13.7% +/- 7.4%). Lorazepam effects were the largest in the thalamus (22.2% +/- 8.6% and 22.4% +/- 6.9%) and occipital cortex (19% +/- 8.9% and 21.8% +/- 8.9%). Relative metabolic measures were highly reproducible both for pharmacolgic and replication condition. Conclusion: This study measured the test-retest reproducibility in regional brain metabolic responses, and although the global and regional metabolic values were significantly lower for the repeated evaluation, the response to lorazepam was highly reproducible. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT PSYCHIAT, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. SUNY STONY BROOK, DEPT RADIOL, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI, HOUSTON, TX USA. VET ADM MED CTR, PSYCHIAT SERV, NORTHPORT, NY 11768 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT MED, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [1RO1 AA09481-01] NR 23 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1609 EP 1613 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VL581 UT WOS:A1996VL58100015 PM 8862292 ER PT J AU Waterhouse, RN VanBrocklin, HF Hanrahan, SM Eberling, JL Jordan, S Jagust, WJ AF Waterhouse, RN VanBrocklin, HF Hanrahan, SM Eberling, JL Jordan, S Jagust, WJ TI Pharmacological and SPECT evaluation of [I-123]-TPCNE, a selective radioligand for the SIGMA-1 receptor. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. ANSTO,SUTHERLAND,AUSTRALIA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1801 EP 1801 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VL581 UT WOS:A1996VL58100048 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Taylor, SE PowersRisius, P Reutter, BW Kuruc, A Huesman, RH Budinger, TF AF Marshall, RC Taylor, SE PowersRisius, P Reutter, BW Kuruc, A Huesman, RH Budinger, TF TI Extraction and retention of thallium and rubidium in isolated rabbit heart. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1809 EP 1809 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VL581 UT WOS:A1996VL58100056 ER PT J AU Warpinski, NR AF Warpinski, NR TI Hydraulic fracture diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Fracture diagnostics can provide important information on fracture geometry that can be used to improve stimulation effectiveness and reduce costs. Several cost-effective diagnostics already exist, and the technology for obtaining a full image of the fracture is progressing to the point of practical application. RP Warpinski, NR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 SN 0149-2136 J9 J PETROL TECHNOL JI J. Pet. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 10 BP 907 EP 910 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA VN845 UT WOS:A1996VN84500005 ER PT J AU MacIntyre, HL Geider, RJ McKay, RM AF MacIntyre, HL Geider, RJ McKay, RM TI Photosynthesis and regulation of Rubisco activity in net phytoplankton from Delaware Bay SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacillariophyceae; bloom; estuarine; feedback limitation; fluctuating irradiance; photosynthesis-irradiance response; photosynthetic regulation; Rubisco; Skeletonema costatum ID RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; DIATOM SKELETONEMA-COSTATUM; MARINE PLANKTONIC DIATOM; DYNAMIC LIGHT REGIMES; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; PHAEODACTYLUM-TRICORNUTUM; THALASSIOSIRA-PSEUDONANA; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; DIADINOXANTHIN CYCLE; NATURAL ASSEMBLAGES AB Net phytoplankton (> 20 mu m) comprised 51 +/- 9% of the total chlorophyll (Chl) in a Skeletonema costatum-dominated spring bloom in Delaware Bay. The net phytoplankton had low C:N and high protein: carbohydrate ratios, indicating that their growth was nutrient-replete. Their photosynthetic responses were characterized by low specific absorption, low light-limited and light-saturated rates of photosynthesis, and high quantum yields, indicative of acclimation to low irradiance and internal self-shading. High fucoxanthin: Chl ratios also indicated low light acclimation, but high photoprotective xanthophyll: Chl ratios suggested a high capacity for photoprotective energy dissipation. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) could be activated and deactivated in response to changes in irradiance and was fully activated at the surface of the water column and fully deactivated in aphotic deep water. Maximum Rubisco activity was correlated with Rubisco content and bulk protein content of the phytoplankton and with light-saturated rates of photosynthesis measured in short (< 20-min) incubations. Long (60-min) incubations caused a decrease in the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis, possibly because of feedback limitation. While feedback limitation is unlikely to occur in the water column, it should be considered when estimating productivity in well-mixed waters from fixed light-depth incubations. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MacIntyre, HL (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,COLL MARINE STUDIES,700 PILOTTOWN RD,LEWES,DE 19958, USA. RI MacIntyre, Hugh/B-4555-2011 OI MacIntyre, Hugh/0000-0002-8852-6984 NR 89 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU PHYCOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 718 EP 731 DI 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1996.00718.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA VP764 UT WOS:A1996VP76400003 ER PT J AU Graziano, LM LaRoche, J Geider, RJ AF Graziano, LM LaRoche, J Geider, RJ TI Physiological responses to phosphorus limitation in batch and steady-state cultures of Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyta): A unique stress protein as an indicator of phosphate deficiency SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chlorophyta; Dunaliella tertiolecta; fluorescence; phosphorus limitation; Rubisco; stress proteins ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENERGY-CONVERSION; ISOCHRYSIS-GALBANA HAPTOPHYCEAE; CENTRAL NORTH-PACIFIC; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; CYANOBACTERIUM SYNECHOCOCCUS; NITROGEN LIMITATION; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; ANACYSTIS-NIDULANS; IRON LIMITATION; QUANTUM YIELD AB A protein unique to phosphorus stress observed in Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher was studied in the context of phosphate-limited cell physiology and is a potential diagnostic indicator of phosphate deficiency in this alga. Cells were grown over a range of limited, steady-state growth rates and at maximum (replete) and zero (phosphate-starved) growth rates. The stress protein, absent in nutrient-replete cells, was produced under all steady-state phosphate-limited conditions and increased in abundance with increasing limitation (decreasing growth rate), Cellular carbon : phosphorus ratios and the maximum uptake rate of phosphate (V-m) increased with increasing limitation, whereas the ratio of chlorophyll a: carbon decreased. Alkaline phosphatase activity did not respond to limitation but was measurable in starved, stationary-phase cells. F-v/F-m, a measure of photochemical efficiency, was a nonlinear, saturating function of mu, as commonly observed under N limitation. The maximum F-v/F-m of 0.64 was measured in nutrient-replete cells growing at mu(max), and a value of zero was measured in stationary-phase starved cells. When physiological parameters were compared, the P-stress protein abundance and F-v/F-m were the most sensitive indicators of the level of deficiency. The stress protein was not produced under N- or Fe-limited conditions. It is of high molecular weight (>200) and is associated with internal cell membranes. The stress protein has several characteristics that make it a potential diagnostic indicator: it is 1) unique to phosphorus limitation (i.e. absent under all other condititions), 2) present under limiting as well as starved conditions, 3) sensitive to the level of limitation, and 4) observable without time-course incubation of live samples. C1 UNIV DELAWARE, COLL MARINE STUDIES, LEWES, DE 19958 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI LaRoche, Julie/A-1109-2010 NR 64 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 825 EP 838 DI 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1996.00825.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA VP764 UT WOS:A1996VP76400015 ER PT J AU Li, Z Grimsditch, M Foster, CM Chan, SK AF Li, Z Grimsditch, M Foster, CM Chan, SK TI Dielectric and elastic properties of ferroelectric materials at elevated temperature SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Williamsburg Workshop on Fundamental Experiments on Ferroelectrics CY FEB 05-08, 1995 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Office Naval Res DE dielectric properties; elastic properties; ferroelectricity; phase transitions ID PBTIO3; DYNAMICS; PHONON AB The temperature dependence of the velocities of sound propagating along various directions in high quality mono-domain single crystals of BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 have been measured by Brillouin scattering. Using the velocities and dielectric permittivities measured by the impedance method, the elastic stiffness moduli, C-ijkl, piezoelectric constants, e(rij) and dielectric permittivity, epsilon(ij), have been determined at elevated temperature through the ferroelectric phase transition. Only the longitudinal compressive modulus along the polar c-axis of tetragonal PbTiO3 exhibits a distinctive soft mode behavior. In BaTiO3 the electromechanical properties are found to be significantly different at different frequencies. It is suggested that high frequency relaxation occurs in BaTiO3. RP Li, Z (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Barsoum, Michel/I-2842-2012 OI Barsoum, Michel/0000-0001-7800-3517 NR 21 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 57 IS 10 BP 1433 EP 1438 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(96)00009-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VK053 UT WOS:A1996VK05300010 ER PT J AU Billinge, SJL Kwei, GH AF Billinge, SJL Kwei, GH TI Probing the short-range order and dynamics of phase transitions using neutron powder diffraction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Williamsburg Workshop on Fundamental Experiments on Ferroelectrics CY FEB 05-08, 1995 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Office Naval Res DE neutron scattering; phase transitions ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FINE-STRUCTURE TECHNIQUE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; LA2-XBAXCUO4; OXIDES; FERROELECTRICITY; LA2-XSRXCUO4; CRYSTALLINE; PRINCIPLES AB We report evidence that the local structure of the perovskite based material, La2-xBaxCuO4, is disordered. The disorder takes the form of inhomogeneous octahedral tilts. The average crystal structure is a superposition of the local tilting environments. The local symmetry is different from the average, long-range order, and local bond lengths deviate from those obtained from the crystallographic coordinates. This has implications for band structure calculations based on the crystallographic coordinates. We discuss the implications of the local structure for understanding the microscopic origin for the phase transitions in this material. The evidence presented is from neutron powder diffraction data analyzed using the pair distribution function method. We describe this method and mention possible extensions to this method For extracting local dynamics at phase transitions. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CTR FUNDAMENTAL MAT RES,E LANSING,MI 48824. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER SCI DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Billinge, SJL (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 57 IS 10 BP 1457 EP 1464 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(96)00013-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VK053 UT WOS:A1996VK05300014 ER PT J AU Keeble, DJ Li, Z Harmatz, M AF Keeble, DJ Li, Z Harmatz, M TI Electron paramagnetic resonance of Cu2+ in PbTiO3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Williamsburg Workshop on Fundamental Experiments on Ferroelectrics CY FEB 05-08, 1995 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Office Naval Res DE electron paramagnetic resonance; ferroelectricity; crystal fields; defects ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BATIO3; RES; CERAMICS; SRTIO3; EPR; FE AB The electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of Cu2+ in tetragonal-phase single-crystal lead titanate has been studied at 9.8 GHz. An axial spectrum with \g(parallel to)\ = 2.340(1) and \g(perpendicular to)\ = 2.058(1) was measured and fitted using the spin-Hamiltonian parameters \(63)A(parallel to)\ = 155(2) x 10(-4) cm(-1), \(63)A(perpendicular to)\ = 5.4(2.0) x 10(-4) cm(-1), \(65)A(parallel to)\ = 166(2) x 10(-4) cm(-1), and \(65)A(parallel to)\ = 5.8(2.0) x 10(-4) cm(-1). The observed g-values are consistent with a d(9)-configuration ion at a tetragonally distorted octahedral site from which it is inferred that Cu2+ substitutes at the Ti-site. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RP Keeble, DJ (reprint author), UNIV DUNDEE,DEPT APPL PHYS & ELECT & MFG ENGN,CARNEGIE LAB PHYS,DUNDEE DD1 4DH,SCOTLAND. RI Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 57 IS 10 BP 1513 EP 1515 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(96)00021-2 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VK053 UT WOS:A1996VK05300022 ER PT J AU Exarhos, GJ Hess, NJ AF Exarhos, GJ Hess, NJ TI Phase transformation dynamics, melting and stress evolution in dielectric films and at surfaces SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID THERMALLY INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; AMORPHOUS-TITANIA FILMS; THIN-FILMS; DIAMOND FILMS; OXIDE-FILMS; TIO2 FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERFERENCE; MICROPROBE AB Thin films exhibit contrasting physical properties to related bulk single crystals as a result of the deposition method used and the concomitant two-dimensional nature of the film. Such behavior results from the presence of mixed crystalline and/or amorphous phases, film residual stress resulting in part from disparities in film-substrate thermal properties, crystallite grain size, crystallite orientation and non-stoichiometry. While all of these film characteristics can be studied using numerous methods (SEM, TEM, XRD, EXAFS, XPS), the availability of new laser sources and sensitive area detectors make Raman spectroscopy the method of choice. In situ and both spatially and temporally resolved measurements on films and surfaces are described, suggesting the superiority of Raman methods for film and materials surface characterization in ambient environments. Phase transformation dynamics in sputtered and sol-gel-derived films subjected to an externally applied stress (temperature, pressure, high incident laser fluence) were studied in real time. Transient Raman measurements which follow the temperature-induced crystallization of amorphous sol-gel-deposited oxide films allow rate constants and evolving stress heterogeneity to be determined. In regimes where structural phase transformations do not occur, the response of phonon frequencies to pressure or temperature is a manifestation of anharmonicity in the vibrational potential energy. Perturbations to the molecular structure of the film or surface layer also can be inferred from measured spectra and are demonstrated here from Raman measurements of molten glass surfaces. RP Exarhos, GJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OI Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0377-0486 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 765 EP 774 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4555(199610)27:10<765::AID-JRS29>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 10 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA VU246 UT WOS:A1996VU24600009 ER PT J AU Hertzman, PA AF Hertzman, PA TI Criteria for the definition of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome - Review and Reappraisal of Clinical, Epidemiologic and Animal Studies Symposium CY DEC 07-08, 1994 CL GEORGETOWN UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC HO GEORGETOWN UNIV DE eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome; diagnosis; epidemiology; L-tryptophan ID L-TRYPTOPHAN INGESTION; CLINICAL SPECTRUM; FASCIITIS; DISEASE; MANIFESTATIONS; EXPOSURE; FEATURES AB The widely disseminated surveillance case definition of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) recommended by the Centers for Disease Control in 1989 has never been validated by an appropriate challenge and has commonly been used for unintended purposes. To accurately classify patients for clinical and epidemiologic studies and to properly diagnose individual patients, an acceptable set of criteria must be established. In determining which combination of clinical and laboratory manifestations should be properly included in criteria for EMS the following elements should be considered: (I) the presence of a well delineated, documented acute episode with characteristic symptoms, signs, and laboratory abnormalities; (2) the presence of characteristic histopathological abnormalities; (3) the presence of objective evidence for involvement of the most commonly affected major organs: skin, muscle, nerve, and/or lung; and (Lt) the absence of premorbidities or comorbidities that could explain the components of illness on which the diagnosis is based. A preliminary set of criteria is proposed in this paper. This model requires further scrutiny, revision, and testing. RP Hertzman, PA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 SU 46 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VM468 UT WOS:A1996VM46800003 PM 8895176 ER PT J AU Li, F Franzen, HF AF Li, F Franzen, HF TI Ordering, incommensuration, and phase transitions in pyrrhotite .2. A high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction and thermomagnetic study SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB High-temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD) has been combined with thermomagnetic measurements to study synthetic and natural pyrrhotites. The temperature dependence of the properties observed in DTA, thermomagnetic and diffraction measurements indicates that transitions consistently occur upon heating and cooling so long as the sample is kept below 400 degrees C, but if the ultimate heating temperature is higher than 550 degrees C the transitions are altered, probably due to the loss of sulfur, The previously proposed transition sequence for Fe7S8 was supported by HTXRD observation, especially on natural monoclinic pyrrhotite. For intermediate pyrrhotite, the principal ordering was found to be the formation of Kagome nets, and it was found that the vertical stacking sequences that are commensurate along the c axis yield antiferromagnetic characteristics. Based on the changes observed in the HTXRD patterns it is proposed that the mechanism for an observed magnetic lambda-transition between the temperatures 150 and 250 degrees C is the transformation of a commensurate structure with ABCD layering of Kagome nets into a vacancy-disordered structure with the same c modulation. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP Li, F (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 27 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 126 IS 1 BP 108 EP 120 DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0318 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VN186 UT WOS:A1996VN18600018 ER PT J AU Bill, A Hizhnyakov, V Sigmund, E AF Bill, A Hizhnyakov, V Sigmund, E TI q-dependent neutron scattering: A signature of the gap anisotropy in high-T-c superconductors SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; phonon dispersion; symmetry; structure ID PHONON RENORMALIZATION; NUCLEAR-RELAXATION; YBA2CU3O7; WAVE; SPECTRUM; SYMMETRY; MODEL; STATE AB The influence of the superconducting gap anisotropy on the phonon dispersion is discussed for tetragonal and orthorhombic crystals. Superconducting order parameters with different types of s-wave, as well as d- and (s + d)-wave anisotropies, are studied. We show that along specific directions of the Brillouin zone the lineshape (energy and linewidth) of phonons strongly depends on the anisotropy of the gap. Tn this context, we discuss recent experimental results performed on YBa2Cu3O7 single crystals. The data can be well described in terms of an anisotropic s-wave gap function obtained from the nontotally screened interaction of charge carriers with long-range optical phonons. The calculations suggest, furthermore, that it is generally insufficient to describe experiments that involve the anisotropy of the superconducting order parameter solely in terms of its symmetry. Not only the symmetry, but also the specific structure of the gap as a function of k is important. This conclusion holds for those experiments that are not restricted to the pure determination of the phase of the gap. C1 TECH UNIV COTTBUS,INST PHYS,D-03013 COTTBUS,GERMANY. TARTU STATE UNIV,EE-202400 TARTU,ESTONIA. RP Bill, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,MS 62-203,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Hizhnyakov, Vladimir/B-6025-2012 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 493 EP 501 DI 10.1007/BF00723521 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WD691 UT WOS:A1996WD69100005 ER PT J AU Olson, JR Swift, GW AF Olson, JR Swift, GW TI Energy dissipation in oscillating flow through straight and coiled pipes SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CURVED PIPES; TRANSITION; TURBULENCE AB The energy dissipation is reported for oscillating flow in U-shaped pipes with 180 degrees, 540 degrees, and 900 degrees curves at the base of the U. Analysis permits separation of the dissipation in the straight and curved portions of the pipe. Using water, water/glycerine mixtures, liquid nitrogen, and helium gas, the dissipation was measured for fluid flow regimes (Reynolds number, quality factor, and pipe curvature) which have not previously been reported. Measured loss in the straight portion is compared to numerical solutions using a turbulent quasisteady representation of the wall shear stress. Measured loss in the curved portion is compared to simple theory. The results are applicable to thermoacoustic devices. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. RP Olson, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 2123 EP 2131 DI 10.1121/1.417922 PN 1 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VN885 UT WOS:A1996VN88500020 ER PT J AU Smith, PA Kerch, HM Haerle, AG Keller, J AF Smith, PA Kerch, HM Haerle, AG Keller, J TI Microstructural characterization of alumina and silicon carbide slip-cast cakes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PRESSURE FILTRATION; PARTICLE PACKING; SUSPENSIONS; SEDIMENTATION; DENSIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; CERAMICS; DENSITY AB The effect of solids loading, particle-size distribution, and suspension viscosity on the resultant microstructure of slip-cast monolithic ceramics prepared from aqueous suspensions of alumina and silicon carbide was studied, Unimodal alumina suspensions (average particle size = 0.6 mu m) were prepared at 35, 37, and 42 vol%. Silicon cal bide suspensions (average particle size = 0.7 mu m) were produced with different quantities of dispersant at 37 vol%. Similarly, aqueous alumina suspensions of 42 and 50 vol% were produced with a bimodal particle-size distribution. The slip-cast microstructures were characterized by mercury porosimetry and small-angle neutron scattering, which provided pore size (distribution), pore fraction, and pore morphology, Essentially, the combination of these techniques deciphered packing differences obtained in the cake microstructures, For the alumina cakes produced from the 35, 37, and 42 vol% suspensions, the individual characterization techniques? mercury intrusion, and the neutron scattering measurements showed that the cake microstructures mere similar in pore size and quantity, However, comparison of the techniques and their assumptions showed differences in the pore shape, Mercury porosimetry and neutron scattering showed bimodal porosity for the cake produced from a mixture of 85% 6-mu m particles and 15% 0.6-mu m particles, Pore volume fraction and pore size increasers mere correlated with increased viscosity in the silicon carbide suspensions, In addition, the silicon carbide cake microstructures were measured, and homogeneity was evaluated as a function of position in the cast. C1 US DOE, OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI, GERMANTOWN, MD 20874 USA. DOW CHEM CO USA, MIDLAND, MI 48686 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT CERAM, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854 USA. RP Smith, PA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2515 EP 2526 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100001 ER PT J AU Sun, EY Alexander, KB Becher, PF Hwang, SL AF Sun, EY Alexander, KB Becher, PF Hwang, SL TI beta-Si3N4 whiskers embedded in oxynitride glasses: Interfacial microstructure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS; GRAIN-GROWTH; NUCLEATION AB Interfacial microstructures in beta-Si3N4(w)-Si-Al-Y-O-N-glass systems were investigated by by systematically varying the nitrogen content and the Al:Y ratio of the glass matrix, High-resolution and analytical transmission electron microscopy (HREM and AEM) studies revealed that the interfacial microstructure is a function of the glass composition, No interfacial phases were formed in glasses with tom Al:Y ratios and in glasses with high Al:Y ratios and low nitrogen content, whereas epitaxial growth of an interfacial la, er (100-200 mu m thick) on the beta-Si3N4(w) occurred in a glass matrix with high Al:Y ratio and high nitrogen content, The interfacial layer was identified to be a beta'-SiAlON phase, Interfaces containing the SiAlON layer exhibited high debonding energy compared to Si3N4(w)-glass interfaces, HREM studies indicated that the lattice-mismatch strain in the SiAlON laver was relieved by dislocation Formation at the SiAlON-Si3N4(w) interface. The difference in interfacial debonding energy was, hence, attributed to the local atomic structure and bonding between the glass-beta-Si3N4 and the glass-beta'-SiAlON phases, This observation was clear evidence of the strong influence of glass chemistry on the interfacial debonding behavior by altering the interfacial microstructure. RP Sun, EY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2626 EP 2632 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100016 ER PT J AU GomezGarcia, D MartinezFernandez, J DominguezRodriguez, A Westmacott, KH AF GomezGarcia, D MartinezFernandez, J DominguezRodriguez, A Westmacott, KH TI Electron-beam-induced loop formation on dislocations in yttria-fully-stabilized zirconia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS AB The nature of the strain lobes and loops that form on edge dislocations in yttria-stabilized zirconia during exposure in an electron microscope has been investigated, By changing the operating conditions, such as acceleration voltage, cycling the beam intensity, heating or cooling the specimen prior to observation, or heat treatment prior to the deformation, it has been shown that the effects result from beam heating. During specimen heating ZrN precipitates which have a large misfit with the ZrO2-Y2O3 matrix form. in the compressed regions of the dislocation core. C1 CSIC,INST CIENCIA MAT,SEVILLE 41080,SPAIN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA. RP GomezGarcia, D (reprint author), UNIV SEVILLA,DEPT FIS MAT CONDENSADA,APARTADO CORREOS 1065,SEVILLE 41080,SPAIN. RI Gomez Garcia, Diego/H-3993-2015; Martinez Fernandez, Julian/K-1826-2012; OI Gomez Garcia, Diego/0000-0002-5639-4796; Martinez Fernandez, Julian/0000-0002-1199-6638; Dominguez-Rodriguez, Arturo/0000-0003-1598-5669 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2733 EP 2738 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100030 ER PT J AU Lee, WY Cooley, KM Berndt, CC Joslin, DL Stinton, DP AF Lee, WY Cooley, KM Berndt, CC Joslin, DL Stinton, DP TI High-temperature chemical stability of plasma-sprayed Ca0.5Sr0.5Zr4P6O24 coatings on Nicalon/SiC ceramic matrix composite and Ni-based superalloy substrates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORROSION AB The potential application of Ca0.5Sr0.5Zr4P6O24 (CS50) as a corrosion-resistant coating material for Si-based ceramics and as a thermal barrier coating material for Ni-based superalloys was explored, A similar to 200 pm thick CS50 coating was prepared by air plasma spray with commercially available powder A Nicalon/SiC ceramic matrix composite and a Ni-based superalloy coated with a similar to 200 pm thick metallic bend coat layer were used as substrate materials. Both the powder and coating contained ZrP2O7 as an im purity phase, and the coating was highly porous as-deposited, The coating deposited on the Nicalon/SiC substrate was chemically stable upon exposure to air and Na2SO4/O-2 atmospheres at 1000 degrees C for 100 h, In contrast, the coating sprayed onto the superalloy substrate significantly reacted with the bond coat surface after similar oxidation in air. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP Lee, WY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2759 EP 2762 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100036 ER PT J AU Meyer, MK Akinc, M AF Meyer, MK Akinc, M TI Isothermal oxidation behavior of Mo-Si-B intermetallics at 1450 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Five Mo-Si-B multiphase intermetallic compositions were synthesized and oxidized isothermally at 1450 degrees C in flowing air, Average mass change rates were strongly dependent on sample composition, particularly boron content, An Mo5Si3 matrix material containing 1.6 wt% boron exhibited parabolic mass gain with a rate of 5.3 x 10(-4) mg(2)/(cm(4) . h), while a similar material with 0.14 wt% boron oxidized rapidly in a linear manner at a rate of -3.3 mg/(cm(2) . h). Oxidation rates of the Mo-Si-B intermetallics were compared to that of MoSi2 oxidized at 1450 degrees C under identical conditions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP Meyer, MK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. OI Meyer, Mitchell/0000-0002-1980-7862 NR 12 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2763 EP 2766 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100037 ER PT J AU Schaub, H Robinett, RD Junkins, JL AF Schaub, H Robinett, RD Junkins, JL TI Globally stable feedback laws for near-minimum-fuel and near-minimum-time pointing maneuvers for a landmark-tracking spacecraft SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID REPRESENTATIONS AB Utilizing unique properties of a recently developed set of attitude parameters, the modified Rodrigues parameters, feedforward/feedback type control laws are developed for a spacecraft undergoing large nonlinear motions using three reaction wheels. The method is suitable for tracking given reference trajectories that spline smoothly into a target state; these reference trajectories may be exact or approximate solutions of the system equations of motion. An associated asymptotically stable nonlinear observer is formulated for state estimation. In particular, we illustrate the ideas using both near-minimum-time and near-minimum fuel rotations about Euler's principal rotation axis, with parameterization of the sharpness of the control switching for each class of reference maneuvers. Lyapunov stability theory is used to prove rigorous global asymptotic stability of the closed-loop tracking error dynamics in the absence of external torques. If external torques are present, then the system is Lagrange stable. The methodology is illustrated by designing example control laws for a prototype landmark-tracking spacecraft; simulations are reported that show this approach to be attractive for practical applications. The inputs to the reference trajectory are designed with user-controlled sharpness of all control switches to enhance the trackability of the reference maneuvers in the presence of structural flexibility. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Schaub, H (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 11 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 443 EP 466 PG 24 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XF358 UT WOS:A1996XF35800002 ER PT J AU Kalu, EE White, RE Hobbs, DT AF Kalu, EE White, RE Hobbs, DT TI Use of a hydrogen anode for nitrate waste destruction SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The use of a hydrogen gas-fed anode and an acid anolyte in an electrochemical cell used to destroy nitrate is demonstrated. A mixed Na2SO4/H2SO4 anolyte is shown to favor nitrate cell performance and the generation of a higher hydroxide ion concentration in the catholyte. The suggested scheme is an apparent method of sodium sulfate disposal and a possible means through which ammonia (to ammonium sulfate, fertilizer) and hydrogen gas could be recycled through the anode side of the reactor. This could result in a substantial savings in the operation of a nitrate destruction cell. C1 WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER LAB,AIKEN,SC 29808. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3094 EP 3099 DI 10.1149/1.1837170 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600020 ER PT J AU McBreen, J Yang, XQ Lee, HS Okamoto, Y AF McBreen, J Yang, XQ Lee, HS Okamoto, Y TI X-ray absorption studies of ZnCl2-PEO and mixed salt ZnCl2/KCl-PEO and ZnCl2/CsCl-PEO complexes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); EXAFS AB ZnCl2[polyethylene oxide (PEO)](12), [0.33 ZnCl2 + 0.67 KCl](PEO)(12), and [0.33 ZnCl2 + 0.67 CsCl](PEO)(12) complexes were studied by x-ray absorption in the temperature range of 25 to 120 degrees C. The results for ZnCl2(PEO)(12) show that the complex exists mostly as undissociated ZnCl2 with the Zn atom also coordinated with four O atoms from the PEO. The respective Zn-Cl and Zn-O bond distances are 2.2 and 2.05 Angstrom. There is an increase in ion pairing with increasing temperature. The results for the mixed salt complexes are consistent with the formation of a mixture of ZnCl42- and ZnCl3- complexes with a Zn-Cl bond distance of similar to 2.26 Angstrom. Complex formation differs in [0.33 ZnCl2 + 0.67 KCl](PEO)(12) and [0.33 ZnCl2 + 0.67 CsCl](PEO)(12). This is attributed to the higher charge density of K+, which promotes ion pairing and shifts the ZnCl42-/ZnCl3- equilibrium. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP McBreen, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3198 EP 3203 DI 10.1149/1.1837187 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600037 ER PT J AU Wang, B Bates, JB Hart, FX Sales, BC Zuhr, RA Robertson, JD AF Wang, B Bates, JB Hart, FX Sales, BC Zuhr, RA Robertson, JD TI Characterization of thin-film rechargeable lithium batteries with lithium cobalt oxide cathodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LICOO2; DIFFRACTION; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; LIXCOO2 AB Thin-film rechargeable lithium batteries with amorphous and crystalline LiCoO2 cathodes were investigated. The lithium cobalt oxide films were deposited by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of an LiCoO2 target in a 3:1 Ar/O-2 mixture gas. From proton-induced gamma-ray emission analysis (PIGE) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RES), the average composition of these films was determined to be Li1.15CoO2.16 or, within experimental uncertainty, LiCoO2 + 0.08 Li2O. The x-ray powder diffraction patterns of films annealed in air at 500 to 700 degrees C were consistent with the regular hexagonal structure observed for crystalline LiCoO2. The discharge curves of the cells with amorphous LiCoO2 cathodes showed no obvious structural transition between 4.2 and 2.0 V, while the discharge curves of the cells with polycrystalline cathodes were consistent with a two-phase potential plateau at similar to 3.9 V with a relatively large capacity. Two lower capacity plateaus were observed at similar to 4.2 and 4.1 V with the 600 and 700 degrees C annealed cathodes; the -dq/dV peaks were broader and weaker for the 600 degrees C annealed cathodes and were not present at all with the 500 degrees C annealed films. The chemical diffusion coefficients of Li+ in the cathodes obtained from ac impedance measurements at cell potentials of similar to 4 V ranged from similar to 10-(12) cm(2)/s for the as-deposited amorphous cathodes to similar to 10(-9) cm(2)/s for the films annealed at 700 degrees C. The capacity loss on extended cycling of the thin-film cells varied with the crystallinity and thickness of the cathodes and with temperature. With the highly crystalline, 700 degrees C annealed material, losses on cycling between 4.2 and 3.8 V at 25 degrees C ranged from 0.0001%/cycle (>10(4) cycles) to 0.002%/cycle for cells with cathodes from 0.05 to 0.5 mu m thick. C1 UNIV SOUTH,DEPT PHYS,SEWANEE,TN 37375. UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT CHEM,LEXINGTON,KY 40502. RP Wang, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 19 TC 269 Z9 278 U1 31 U2 165 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3203 EP 3213 DI 10.1149/1.1837188 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600038 ER PT J AU Shul, RJ Howard, AJ Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Vartuli, CB AF Shul, RJ Howard, AJ Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Vartuli, CB TI High-density etching of group III nitride ternary films SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN; PLASMA; INP; DISCHARGES; CH4/H2/AR; GROWTH; ALN AB Due to their wide bandgaps and high dielectric constants, group III nitrides have made significant impact on the compound semiconductor community as blue, green, and ultraviolet light emitting diodes and for their potential use in laser structures and high temperature electronics. Processing of these materials, in particular wet and dry etching, has proven to be extremely difficult due to their inert chemical nature. We report electron cyclotron resonance etching of InxGa1-xN and In0.75Al0.25N as a function of temperature, RF power, pressure, and microwave power. Etch conditions were characterized for rate, profile, and sidewall and surface morphology and compared to etch data for GaN, InN, and AlN. Atomic force microscopy was used to quantify root-mean-square roughness of the etched surfaces. We observed consistent trends for the InAlN films where the etch rates increased with increasing concentration of In. The trends were less consistent for the InGaN etch rates. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Shul, RJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3285 EP 3290 DI 10.1149/1.1837199 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600049 ER PT J AU Schmuki, P Fraser, J Vitus, CM Graham, MJ Isaacs, HS AF Schmuki, P Fraser, J Vitus, CM Graham, MJ Isaacs, HS TI Initiation and formation of porous GaAs SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SILICON SURFACES; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; STACKING-FAULTS; SPECTROSCOPY AB The present work deals which localized dissolution processes (pit and port initiation and growth) of p- and n-type (100) GaAs. Pit and pore growth can be electrochemically initiated on both conduction types in chloride-containing solutions and leads after extended periods of time to the formation of a porous GaAs structure. In the case of p-hype material, localized dissolution is only observed if a passivating film is present on the surface, otherwise, e.g., in acidic solutions, the material suffers from a uniform attack (electropolishing) which is independent of the anion present. In contrast, localized dissolution (pitting corrosion) and pore formation on n-type material can be triggered independent of the presence of an oxide film. This is explained in terms of the different current limiting factor for the differently doped materials (oxide film in the ease of the p- and a space charge layer in the case of the n-GaAs). The porous structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and Auger electron spectroscopy, and consists mainly of GaAs. From scratch experiments it is clear that the pit initiation process is strongly influenced by surface defects. For n-type material, atomic force microscopy investigations show that light induced roughening of the order of several hundred nanometers occurs under nonpassivating conditions. This nanometer-scale roughening however does not affect the pitting process. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV SCI MAT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Schmuki, P (reprint author), NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,INST MICROSTRUCT SCI,OTTAWA,ON K1A 0R6,CANADA. NR 29 TC 142 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3316 EP 3322 DI 10.1149/1.1837204 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600054 ER PT J AU Pillay, G Chen, CP AF Pillay, G Chen, CP TI Report of the electrolytic industries for the year 1995 SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; FUEL-CELLS AB This report, sponsored by the Industrial Electrolysis and Electrochemical Engineering Division of The Electrochemical Society, summarizes published information on production, plant capacities, consumption, demand, trends, prices, raw materials, new technology, and environmental issues in the electrolytic and related industries. The material presented in this report was obtained from many sources and does not necessarily represent the opinion of the authors or their employers. C1 OCCIDENTAL CHEM CORP,GRAND ISL,NY 14072. RP Pillay, G (reprint author), BATTELLE PACIFIC NW DIV,BATTELLE BLVD,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 239 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP 3410 EP 3427 DI 10.1149/1.1837221 PG 18 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600071 ER PT J AU Vartuli, CB Pearton, SJ MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Shul, RJ AF Vartuli, CB Pearton, SJ MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Shul, RJ TI Selective dry etching of III-V nitrides in Cl-2/Ar, CH4/H-2/Ar, ICI/Ar, and IBr/Ar SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN; PLASMAS; INN; ALN; GROWTH AB The selectivity for etching the binary (GaN, AlN, and InN) and ternary nitrides (InGaN and InAlN) relative to each other in Cl-2/Ar, CH4/H-2/Ar, ICI/Ar, or IBr/Ar electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasmas, and Cl-2/Ar or CH4/H-2/Ar reactive ion (RIE) plasmas was investigated. Cl-based etches appear to be the best choice for maximizing the selectivity of GaN over the other nitrides. GaN/AlN and GaN/InGaN etch rate ratios of similar to 10 were achieved at low RF power in Cl-2/Ar under ECR and RIE conditions, respectively GaN/InN selectivity of 10 was found in ICI under ECR conditions. A relatively high selectivity (>6) of InN/GaN was achieved in CH4/H-2/Ar under ECR conditions at low RF powers (50 W). Since the high bond strengths of the nitrides require either high ion energies or densities to achieve practical etch rates it is difficult to achieve high selectivities. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Vartuli, CB (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 143 IS 10 BP L246 EP L248 DI 10.1149/1.1837160 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VP026 UT WOS:A1996VP02600010 ER PT J AU Nam, SK Nuhn, HD Bonifacio, R AF Nam, SK Nuhn, HD Bonifacio, R TI Performance optimization for the FEL amplifier test experiment SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON AB We examine the influence of electron beam parameters on FEL performance for the proposed FEL amplifier test experiment (FATE) project by using the numerical simulation code GINGER. Achievable values for the normalized emittance and the peak current as well as the availability of sensitive detectors for the FEL radiation establish boundaries for the design of the system. The study is centered at an optical wavelength range of 1 to 3 mu m using a 6 to 8 m-long-wiggler with a 2.5 to 3.6 cm period length. Simulations indicate that the clean-up of the longtudinal optical beam profile into a single superradiant pulse and the transition of the FEL process into the exponential gain region occur even in cases of very small output power levels. The development of superradiant spikes appears to be typical for the Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) process, which makes the FATE project an excellent test experiment for the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS) project. In this work, simulation results starting from noise are presented, and the output powers of a single superradiant pulse are calculated for the radiation wavelength, current, bunch length, wiggler period, energy spread, and beta function dependences. We also examine the influence of wiggler magnetization errors and steering errors. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. INST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RP Nam, SK (reprint author), KANGWEON NATL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CHUNCHON 200701,SOUTH KOREA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 29 IS 5 BP 602 EP 608 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VM663 UT WOS:A1996VM66300009 ER PT J AU Ghiglia, DC Romero, LA AF Ghiglia, DC Romero, LA TI Minimum L(p)-norm two-dimensional phase unwrapping SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR; ALGORITHM; INTERFEROMETRY; DIFFERENCE; EQUATION; RECONSTRUCTION; DISCONTINUITY; MAPS AB We develop an algorithm for the minimum L(P)-norm solution to the two-dimensional phase unwrapping problem. Rather than its being a mathematically intractable problem, we show that the governing equations are equivalent to those that describe weighted least-squares phase unwrapping. The only exception is that the weights are data dependent. In addition, we show that the minimum L(P)-norm solution is obtained by embedding the transform-based methods for unweighted and weighted least squares within a simple iterative structure. The data-dependent weights are generated within the algorithm and need not be supplied explicitly by the user. Interesting and useful solutions to many phase unwrapping problems can be obtained when p < 2. Specifically, the minimum L(0)-norm solution requires the solution phase gradients to equal the input data phase gradients in as many places as possible. This concept provides an interesting link to branch-cut unwrapping methods, where none existed previously. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. RP Ghiglia, DC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 41 TC 143 Z9 160 U1 4 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1999 EP 2013 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.13.001999 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA VJ737 UT WOS:A1996VJ73700006 ER PT J AU Zhang, G Wunderlich, B AF Zhang, G Wunderlich, B TI A new method of fitting approximate vibrational spectra to heat capacities of solids with Tarasov functions SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE heat capacity; least-squares fitting; Tarasov function; vibration frequency spectrum ID LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SKELETAL VIBRATIONS; POLYMERS; POLYETHYLENE; POLYOXIDES; CRYSTALS; STATE AB A new, least-squares optimization method with interpolation is devised to fit skeletal vibrational heat capacities to the two parameters Theta(1) and Theta(3) in the Tarasov function used for heat capacity calculations of linear macromolecules. When heat capacities are available in the proper temperature range, Theta(1) and Theta(3) can be determined uniquely in a single computer run. Appended to our Advanced THermal Analysis System (ATHAS), this new method offers an improvement in analyzing heat capacity data and facilitates the systematic study of the physical significance of Theta(1) and Theta(3) values for all polymers and related molecules of the ATHAS data bank. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP Zhang, G (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 899 EP 911 DI 10.1007/BF01979438 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA VT529 UT WOS:A1996VT52900002 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B Boller, A Okazaki, I Kreitmeier, S AF Wunderlich, B Boller, A Okazaki, I Kreitmeier, S TI Modulated differential scanning calorimetry in the glass transition region .2. The mathematical treatment of the kinetics of the glass transition SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE activation energy; calorimetry; glass transition; heat capacity; heat flow calorimeter; hole theory; irreversible thermodynamics; TMDSC; modulated calorimetry ID TEMPERATURE; MACROMOLECULES; DSC AB Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) is based on heat flow and represents a linear system for the measurement of heat capacity. As long as the measurements are carried out close to steady state and only a negligible temperature gradient exists within the sample, quantitative data can be gathered as a function of modulation frequency. Applied to the glass transition, such measurements permit the determination the kinetic parameters of the material. Based on either the hole theory of liquids or irreversible thermodynamics, the necessary equations are derived to describe the apparent heat capacity as a function of frequency. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1013 EP 1026 DI 10.1007/BF01979445 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA VT529 UT WOS:A1996VT52900009 ER PT J AU Swift, GW Ward, WC AF Swift, GW Ward, WC TI Simple harmonic analysis of regenerators SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-FLOW SYSTEM AB A simple harmonic analysis of the performance of regenerators is described, Computer calculations based on the simple harmonic analysis run orders of magnitude faster than time-integration methods, sith acceptably small reductions in accuracy. This simple harmonic analysis method is based on previous one-dimensional differential equations of heat and mass flow, with the additional assumption of steady-state operation and with-the key approximations that only the magnitudes and phases of the fundamental components of time-dependent variables are of interest and that the instantaneous friction-factor and heat transfer coefficients are determined from the instantaneous velocity via steady-flow correlations. This permits a rapid computation scheme in which complex amplitudes of oscillatory variables are used, without numerical time integrations. The method is presented here using the Kays and London correlations for stacked-screen regenerators, but it can be used for any regenerator matrix for which steady friction-factor and heat transfer correlations exist. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENERGY PROC ENGN GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Swift, GW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 16 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 652 EP 662 DI 10.2514/3.842 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA VN988 UT WOS:A1996VN98800015 ER PT J AU Stimac, J Hickmott, D Abell, R Larocque, ACL Broxton, D Gardner, J Chipera, S Wolff, J Gauerke, E AF Stimac, J Hickmott, D Abell, R Larocque, ACL Broxton, D Gardner, J Chipera, S Wolff, J Gauerke, E TI Redistribution of Pb and other volatile trace metals during eruption, devitrification, and vapor-phase crystallization of the Bandelier tuff, New Mexico SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pb; volatile; devitrification; Bandelier Tuff; metal mobility; metal partitioning; vapor transport ID TAYLOR CREEK RHYOLITE; TEN-THOUSAND-SMOKES; MICRO-PIXE ANALYSIS; MOUNT ST-HELENS; MAGMA CHAMBERS; MERAPI-VOLCANO; VALLEY; ALASKA; INCLUSIONS; ABUNDANCES AB A diverse suite of micron-scale minerals was deposited from vapor during eruption and post-emplacement crystallization of the Bandelier Tuff, New Mexico. The mineral suite is rich in sulfides, oxides, and chlorides of both common and rare metals (e.g., Fe, Pb, Bi, Cu, Ag, Re), and oxides and silicates of incompatible elements (e.g., P, Zr, Y, Nb, Ba and LREE). Minerals preserved in glassy samples grew from magmatic vapor trapped during emplacement, or from vapor migrating along contacts with more impermeable rocks; minerals observed in devitrified samples also grew from crystallization of glass and vapor liberated during this process. In devitrified samples, mafic silicate phenocrysts were partially replaced by an assemblage dominated by smectite and hematite. The syn- to post-eruptive mineral assemblage observed in upper Bandelier Tuff (UBT) samples bears striking similarity to those deposited by cooling gases near active volcanic vents. However, several differences exist: (1) the mineral suite in the UBT is disseminated throughout the unit, and formed over a broad temperature range (> 700 to < 150 degrees C) at higher rock:gas ratios; (2) the highly evolved composition of the UBT yielded a greater abundance of minerals rich in incompatible elements compared to sublimates from less evolved volcanoes; and (3) the UBT has suffered over 1 million years of post-emplacement exposure, which resulted in solution (or local re-precipitation in fractures) of soluble compounds such as halite, sylvite, and gypsum. Pb was enriched toward the roof of the UBT magma body due to its affinity for the melt and vapor phases relative to crystals (Bulk D-Pb < 0.2). Micron-scale Pb minerals appear to have grown from vapor exsolved during eruption, as well as vapor liberated during later devitrification. Additional Pb was scavenged by smectite and hematite that probably formed during the later stages of the devitrification and cooling process. Up to ten-fold increases in Pb concentrations are seen in zones of fumarolic concentration in the UBT, however, most bulk tuff samples have Pb values that appear to preserve magmatic values, indicating only very local trace-metal redistribution. The concentration of Pb and other heavy metals in micron-scale mineral coatings in porous tuff indicates that these metals could be readily mobilized and transported by acidic groundwaters or hydrothermal fluids, and thus locally concentrated into ore-grade deposits in long-lived systems. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT GEOL, ARLINGTON, TX 76019 USA. UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT GEOL SCI, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. RI Hickmott, Donald/C-2886-2011 NR 64 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 73 IS 3-4 BP 245 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(96)00024-8 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VT064 UT WOS:A1996VT06400004 ER PT J AU Smith, DK Cohen, LH AF Smith, DK Cohen, LH TI Shallow Mesozoic layered gabbros of the Shadow mountains, San Bernardino county, California SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE layered intrusion; epizonal pluton; gabbro; Mojave Desert ID CENTRAL SIERRA-NEVADA; CAMBRIAN MIOGEOCLINAL ROCKS; SNOW LAKE PENDANT; MOJAVE DESERT; CRYSTALLIZATION; BATHOLITH AB Jurassic hornblende gabbros intrude as a conspicuous 9 km(2) arcuate complex within Paleozoic metasedimentary pendants of the Shadow Mountains, San Bernardino County, California. This complex is significant because it: (1) displays evidence of processes active in magma chambers which are crystallizing cumulus phases; (2) resembles many mid-Mesozoic plutons described in the western and central Sierra Nevada and western Mojave desert which may all be petrologically related; and (3) may be used as a diagnostic tectonic marker for Mesozoic tectonic reconstructions of the Mojave Desert and western Cordillera. The gabbroic body is unusual for its compact, near-circular plan, conspicuous banding and layering and reverse geochemical zonation. The mafic complex was intruded as a hydrous magma and was emplaced as a concentric epizonal pluton. Oxygen isotopic data indicate the melt was mantle derived but has been contaminated by assimilation of metasediments. The gabbro was Likely generated by reaction of olivine with fractionated melt from the melting of a low MgO basalt under water-saturated conditions. The banding and layering is ascribed to the cyclic ascent of felsic rejected solute along the walls of the chamber and its accumulation near the roof of the complex. Cooling was facilitated by conduction and the presence of pendant rocks at uppermost levels. The Shadow Mountains gabbros resemble other gabbroic bodies of similar Jurassic age throughout the Sierra Nevada, Mojave Desert and Transverse Ranges, California (Lahren and Schweickert, 1994; Miller and Glazner, 1995). These intrusions are useful as markers of subsequent large-scale tectonic crustal displacements affecting the western Mojave Desert and Sierra Nevada. In particular, the Shadow Mountains gabbros show age, mineralogic and textural affinities with correlative gabbroic complexes in the central Sierra Nevada 400 km to the north. All these plutonic bodies may represent subvolcanic sources of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Independence dike swarm in the western Mojave Desert and eastern Sierra Nevada. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT EARTH SCI,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RP Smith, DK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV ISOTOPE SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 73 IS 3-4 BP 267 EP 283 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(96)00022-4 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VT064 UT WOS:A1996VT06400005 ER PT J AU Yoder, BK Richards, WG Sommardahl, C Sweeney, WE Michaud, EJ Wilkinson, JE Avner, ED Woychik, RP AF Yoder, BK Richards, WG Sommardahl, C Sweeney, WE Michaud, EJ Wilkinson, JE Avner, ED Woychik, RP TI Functional correction of renal defects in a mouse model for ARPKD through expression of the cloned wild-type Tg737 cDNA SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; METANEPHRIC ORGAN-CULTURE; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC MICE; MECKEL SYNDROME; CYST FORMATION; DIFFERENTIATION; EPITHELIUM; RECEPTOR AB Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is characterized by the formation of large collecting tubule and ductular cysts that often result in renal insufficiency within the first decade of life. Understanding the process leading to cyst formation will require the identification and characterization of genes involved in the etiology of this disease. In this regard, we previously described the generation of a mouse model (TgN737Rpw) for ARPKD and the cloning of a candidate gent. Here we show direct involvement of the Tb 737 gene in collecting duet,cyst formation by expressing the wild-type Tg737 cDNA as a transgene in TgN737Rpw mutants. Ln contrast to TgN737Rpw mutants, the ''rescued'' animals survive longer, have normal renal function and normal localization of the EGFr to the basolateral surfaces of collecting duct epithelium. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PATHOBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [5 RO1 DK44875, 1 RO1 DK45633] NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 50 IS 4 BP 1240 EP 1248 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.433 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VJ314 UT WOS:A1996VJ31400020 PM 8887283 ER PT J AU Ghaffari, K Wang, B Danyluk, S Billone, M Pharr, G AF Ghaffari, K Wang, B Danyluk, S Billone, M Pharr, G TI Optical interferometric determination of in-plane residual stresses in SiO2 films on silicon substrates SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article ID WAFERS C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RICE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN & MAT SCI,HOUSTON,TX 77005. RP Ghaffari, K (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,GEORGE W WOODRUFF SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1167 EP 1170 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA VL733 UT WOS:A1996VL73300008 ER PT J AU Fultz, B Ahn, CC Spooner, S Hong, LB Eckert, J Johnson, WL AF Fultz, B Ahn, CC Spooner, S Hong, LB Eckert, J Johnson, WL TI Incipient chemical instabilities of nanophase Fe-Cu alloys prepared by mechanical alloying SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY; FIM-ATOM PROBE; THERMAL-STABILITY; IMMISCIBLE ELEMENTS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PCT COPPER; BCC ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB We used Mossbauer spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, a novel imaging method of electron energy loss spectrometry, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to study early stage thermal instabilities of nanophase Fe-Cu alloys prepared by mechanical attrition. Mossbauer spectrometry confirmed previous reports of an extended Cu solubility in the body-centered cubic (bcc) phase of the as-milled material. Mossbauer spectrometry also provided evidence that in the compositional range of bcc-face-centered cubic (fcc) two-phase coexistence, the bcc phase had a Cu concentration nearly the same as the overall composition of the alloy. After the as-milled powders were annealed at temperatures as low as 200 degrees C, however, Mossbauer spectrometry showed significant chemical unmixing of the Cu and Fe atoms. In annealed bcc Fe-20 pet Cu alloys, SANS measurements indicated that Cu segregated to grain boundaries. This segregation of Cu atoms to bcc grain boundaries did not alter significantly the tendency for grain growth, however. X-ray diffractometry showed that grain growth during thermal annealing was similar for all alloys, although grain growth was small at temperatures below 300 degrees C. The two-phase (bcc plus fcc) alloy of Fe-30 pet Cu was more unstable against chemical segregation than were the single-phase (bcc or fcc) alloys. Energy-filtered imaging indicated that the Cu atoms segregated to regions around the bcc grains, perhaps to the adjacent fee crystallites. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Fultz, B (reprint author), CALTECH, DEPT MAT SCI, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2934 EP 2946 DI 10.1007/BF02663843 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200009 ER PT J AU Kannan, K Vetrano, JS Hamilton, CH AF Kannan, K Vetrano, JS Hamilton, CH TI Effects of alloy modification and thermomechanical processing on recrystallization of Al-Mg-Mn alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The 5083 Al alloy (A1-4.75Mg-0.8Mn) holds potential for superplastic forming (SPF), but slow rates of forming limit its use for many applications. Higher strain rates are believed possible through the development of finer grained microstructures or stabilized subgrain structures. Grain sizes after recrystallization and recrystallization characteristics are known to be dependent on the amount and distribution of second-phase particles in the matrix. In this study, the concentration and sizes of such particles were varied by additions of particle-forming elements of Mn and Zr and by modifications of the rolling and aging schedules (thermomechanical processing (TMP)). The investigation involved studying recrystallization kinetics at different temperatures and correlating the grain sizes with particle sizes and volume fractions. The addition of Mn and Zr, for the composition ranges and TMP methods studied, resulted in a substantial reduction of the recrystallization kinetics, but complete suppression of static recrystallization (or subgrain stabilization) was not observed. However, statically recrystallized grain sizes as small as 6 mu m were achieved. C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, STRUCT MAT RES SECT, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Kannan, K (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, SCH MECH & MAT ENGN, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 21 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2947 EP 2957 DI 10.1007/BF02663844 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200010 ER PT J AU Chen, SR Gray, GT AF Chen, SR Gray, GT TI Constitutive behavior of tantalum and tantalum-tungsten alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE DEFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; LOW-TEMPERATURE; TEXTURE; METALS; STRESS; FLOW AB The effects of strain rate, temperature, and tungsten alloying on the yield stress and the strain-hardening behavior of tantalum were investigated. The yield and flow stresses of unalloyed Ta and tantalum-tungsten alloys were found to exhibit very high rate sensitivities, while the hardening rates in Ta and Ta-W alloys were found to be insensitive to strain rate and temperature at lower temperatures or at higher strain rates. This behavior is consistent with the observation that overcoming the intrinsic Peierls stress is shown to be the rate-controlling mechanism in these materials at low temperatures. The dependence of yield stress on temperature and strain rate was found to decrease, while the strain-hardening rate increased with tungsten alloying content. The mechanical threshold stress (MTS) model was adopted to model the stress-strain behavior of unalloyed Ta and the Ta-W alloys. Parameters for the constitutive relations for Ta and the Ta-W alloys were derived for the MTS model, the Johnson-Cook (JC), and the Zerilli-Armstrong (ZA) models. The results of this study substantiate the applicability of these models for describing the high strain-rate deformation of Ta and Ta-W alloys. The JC and ZA models, however, due to their use of a power strain-hardening law, were found to yield constitutive relations for Ta and Ta-W alloys that are strongly dependent on the range of strains for which the models were optimized. RP Chen, SR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 47 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 2 U2 31 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2994 EP 3006 DI 10.1007/BF02663849 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200015 ER PT J AU Rawers, J Slavens, G Govier, D Dogan, C Doan, R AF Rawers, J Slavens, G Govier, D Dogan, C Doan, R TI Microstructure and tensile properties of compacted, mechanically alloyed, nanocrystalline Fe-Al SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Data on mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials have been limited, due in part to the difficulty in producing consolidated nanocrystalline materials of sufficient quantity for characterization and evaluation. A second problem is consolidation and retention of the nanostructure. A vacuum hot-pressing consolidation program has been developed to produce full-dense compacts from attrition milled, mechanically alloyed, nanograin micron-size particles of Fe-2 wt pct Al powder. The resulting compacts were of sufficient size to allow evaluation of microstructure, density, hardness, and tensile properties. The compacted microstructure was a composite of pure iron submicrograins and Fe-Al nanograin clusters. Tensile strength was found to be proportional to the sample's density squared. For full-dense compacts, tensile strength of nanocrystalline compacts approaching 1 GPa was obtained. RP Rawers, J (reprint author), US DOE,ALBANY RES CTR,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 3126 EP 3134 DI 10.1007/BF02663863 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200029 ER PT J AU Shen, V Bell, AT AF Shen, V Bell, AT TI Computer simulation of the interactions of tetraalkylammonium cations with ZSM-5 and ZSM-11 SO MICROPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE simulations; interaction; ammonium cations; zeolites ID MICROPOROUS MATERIALS; STRUCTURE DIRECTION; ZEOLITE ZSM-5; CRYSTALLIZATION; TEMPLATES; FRAMEWORK; MECHANISM; SILICATE; NMR AB Minimum-energy calculations have been carried out to determine the stabilization achieved by the occlusion of tetraalkylammonium cations in zeolites ZSM-5 and ZSM-11. The zeolite is treated as a rigid framework, whereas the TAA cations are allowed to be flexible. Only non-bonded intra-template, template-template, and template-zeolite interactions are considered, and calculations are performed for TAA loadings of 1, 3, and 4 cations per zeolite unit cell. At the level of 1 TAA per unit cell, the stabilization energy increases monotonically with the C/N ratio of the cation. For 4 TAA cations per unit cell, the stabilization energy increases to a maximum for TPA and then declines in progressing to TEA. Reducing the loading of TEA to 3 cations per unit cell increases the stabilization energy relative to that obtained for 4 cations per unit cell, but the stabilization energy is still less than that achieved with 4 TPA cations per unit cell for both ZSM-5 and ZSM-11. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6513 J9 MICROPOROUS MATER JI Microporous Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 187 EP 199 DI 10.1016/0927-6513(95)00093-3 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VP084 UT WOS:A1996VP08400003 ER PT J AU Szanyi, J Paffett, MT AF Szanyi, J Paffett, MT TI The adsorption of carbon monoxide on H-ZSM-5 and hydrothermally treated H-ZSM-5 SO MICROPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE adsorption; carbon monoxide; H-ZSM-5; hydrothermal treatment; zeolite ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; NITRIC-OXIDE; CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION; CU-ZSM-5 CATALYSTS; NO DECOMPOSITION; IR-SPECTROSCOPY; ACID PROPERTIES; ZSM-5 ZEOLITES; CO ADSORPTION; SITES AB The adsorption of CO was studied on the H-form and hydrothermally treated H-form of ZSM-5 by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. As seen in other studies the interaction of Bronsted acid sites with the CO molecules shifted the bridging Si(OH)Al stretching frequency from 3616 cm(-1) down to 3310 cm(-1). Concomitantly, the C-O stretching frequency of adsorbed, H-bonded CO appeared at 2173 cm(-1) blue-shifted from the gas phase value of 2143 cm(-1). From quantitative measurements of the CO stretching vibrational band intensities the isosteric heat of adsorption oi CO was measured to be 32.2 kJ mol(-1) over the temperature range 175 to 285 K and at pressures from 0.1 to 100 Torr. Alternatively, a heat of adsorption of 33.4 kJ mol(-1) was estimated from a Van't Hoff plot of -1nK(eq) versus 1/T (where K-eq describes the adsorption-desorption equilibrium). The effect of steaming on the CO adsorption properties of H-ZSM-5 was studied at two different steaming temperatures (873 and 1073 K). Hydrothermal treatment of the H-form of the ZSM-5 for 2, 4, and 8 h at 873 K gradually decreased the spectral signature of the bridging Si(OH)PII and resulted in the growth of features corresponding to extra-lattice alumina and/or Al-OH species which are formed during the hydrolysis of the Si-O-Al bridge but are still in the zeolite framework. The apparent heat of adsorption of CO measured in the steamed H-ZSM-5 materials was approximately 4 kJ mol(-1) lower than that for the parent H-ZSM-5 zeolite. For the higher temperature steaming conditions the H-ZSM-5 was observed to dealuminate rapidly with nearly complete loss of framework aluminum in 15 min or less. These hydroxylated Al-containing intermediate species present under mild hydrothermal conditions are transformed into stable forms of Al-oxide species. These Al-oxides present in extra-framework positions also act as Lewis acid centers for the adsorption of CO. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 42 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6513 J9 MICROPOROUS MATER JI Microporous Mater. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 201 EP 218 DI 10.1016/0927-6513(96)00046-6 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VP084 UT WOS:A1996VP08400004 ER PT J AU Gentier, S Billaux, D Hopkins, D Davias, F Riss, J AF Gentier, S Billaux, D Hopkins, D Davias, F Riss, J TI Images and modeling of the hydromechanical behavior of a fracture SO MICROSCOPY MICROANALYSIS MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th Annual Meeting of the French Section of the International-Society-for-Stereology CY FEB, 1997 CL ECOLE NATL SUPER MINES, PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Soc Stereol HO ECOLE NATL SUPER MINES AB Understanding the hydromechanical behavior of fractures is a fundamental research issue because of the need to understand the effects of human engineering in fractured rock masses. The research presented in this paper is based on the use of image processing to determine the relationships between fracture geometry and hydromechanical behavior. C1 ITASCA CONSULTANTS,F-69130 ECULLY,FRANCE. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV BORDEAUX 1,F-33405 TALENCE,FRANCE. RP Gentier, S (reprint author), BUR RECH GEOL & MINIERES,DIRECT RECH,BP 6009,F-45060 ORLEANS,FRANCE. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1154-2799 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL M JI Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5-6 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1051/mmm:1996101 PG 7 WC Microscopy; Spectroscopy SC Microscopy; Spectroscopy GA XH270 UT WOS:A1996XH27000033 ER PT J AU Hatfield, L Beelman, CA Stevens, A Parker, R AF Hatfield, L Beelman, CA Stevens, A Parker, R TI Mutations in trans-acting factors affecting mRNA decapping in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNSTABLE MESSENGER-RNAS; YEAST; GENE; DEADENYLATION; STABILITY; TURNOVER; DECAY; CELLS; EXORIBONUCLEASE; STABILIZATION AB The decay of several yeast mRNAs occurs by a mechanism in which deadenylation precedes decapping and subsequent 5'-to-3' exonuleolytic decay. In order to identify gene products required for this process of mRNA turnover, me screened a library of temperature-sensitive strains for mutants with altered mRNA degradation. We identified seven mutations in four genes that inhibited mRNA turnover. Two mutations were alleles of the XRN1 5'-to-3' exoribonuclease known to degrade mRNAs following decapping, One mutation defined a new gene, termed DCP1, which in subsequent work was demonstrated to encode a decapping enzyme or a necessary component of a decapping complex. The other mutations defined two additional genes, termed MRT1 and MRT3 (for mRNA turnover). Mutations in the MRT1 and MRT3 genes slow the rate of deadenylation-dependent decapping, show transcript-specific effects on mRNA decay rates, and do not affect the rapid turnover of an mRNA containing an early nonsense codon, which is degraded by a deadenylation-independent decapping mechanism. Importantly, cell extracts from mrt1 and mrt3 strains contain normal levels of the decapping activity required for mRNA decay. These observations suggest that the products of the MRT1 and MRT3 genes function to modulate the rates of decapping that occur following deadenylation. C1 UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT MOL & CELLULAR BIOL, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. UNIV ARIZONA, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. FU ADAMHA HHS [ADCRC 9401] NR 33 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 EI 1098-5549 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 10 BP 5830 EP 5838 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA VH852 UT WOS:A1996VH85200063 PM 8816497 ER PT J AU Sensen, CW Klenk, HP Singh, RK Allard, G Chan, CCY Liu, QY Penny, SL Young, F Schenk, ME Gaasterland, T Doolittle, WF Ragan, MA Charlebois, RL AF Sensen, CW Klenk, HP Singh, RK Allard, G Chan, CCY Liu, QY Penny, SL Young, F Schenk, ME Gaasterland, T Doolittle, WF Ragan, MA Charlebois, RL TI Organizational characteristics and information content of an archaeal genome: 156 kb of sequence from Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI GENOME; COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCE; TRANSFER-RNA GENES; ARCHAEBACTERIUM HALOFERAX-VOLCANII; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; 5S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ASPARTATE-AMINOTRANSFERASE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE AB We have initiated a project to sequence the 3 Mbp genome of the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. Cosmids were selected from a provisional set of minimally overlapping clones, subcloned in pUC18, and sequenced using a hybrid (random plus directed) strategy to give two blocks of contiguous unique sequence, respectively, 100 389 and 56 105bp. These two contigs contain a total of 163 open reading frames (ORFs) in 26-29 putative operons; 56 ORFs could be identified with reasonable certainty. Clusters of ORFs potentially encode proteins of glycogen biosynthesis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, ATP-dependent transport across membranes, isoprenoid biosynthesis, protein synthesis, and ribosomes. Putative promoters occur upstream of most ORFs. Thirty per cent of the predicted strong and medium-strength promoters can initiate transcription at the start codon or within 10 nucleotides upstream, indicating a process of initial mRNA-ribosome contact unlike that of most eubacterial genes. A novel termination motif is proposed to account for 15 additional terminations. The two contigs differ in densities of ORFs, insertion elements and repeated sequences; together they contain two copies of the previously reported insertion sequence ISC1217, five additional IS elements representing four novel types, four classes of long non-IS repeated sequences, and numerous short, perfect repeats. C1 NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,ATLANTIC REG LAB,CANADIAN INST ADV RES,PROGRAM EVOLUT BIOL,HALIFAX,NS B3H 3Z1,CANADA. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,ATLANTIC REG LAB,INST MARINE BIOSCI,HALIFAX,NS B3H 3Z1,CANADA. DALHOUSIE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,SIR CHARLES TUPPER MED BLDG,HALIFAX,NS B3H 4H7,CANADA. UNIV OTTAWA,DEPT BIOL,OTTAWA,ON K1N 6N5,CANADA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT COMP SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RI Sensen, Christoph/C-1798-2013; Ragan, Mark/A-9825-2014 OI Sensen, Christoph/0000-0001-9604-8962; Ragan, Mark/0000-0003-1672-7020 NR 91 TC 72 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 1 BP 175 EP 191 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02666.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA VM856 UT WOS:A1996VM85600017 PM 8899719 ER PT J AU Guigo, R Muchnik, I Smith, TF AF Guigo, R Muchnik, I Smith, TF TI Reconstruction of ancient molecular phylogeny SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID ORIGIN; EVOLUTION; METAZOA; DNA; SEQUENCES; GENES; TREES AB Support for contradictory phylogenies is often obtained when molecular sequence data from different genes is used to reconstruct phylogenetic histories. Contradictory phylogenies can result from many data anomalies including unrecognized paralogy. Paralogy, defined as the reconstruction of a phylogenetic tree from a mixture of genes generated by duplications, has generally not been formally included in phylogenetic reconstructions. Here we undertake the task of reconstructing a single most likely evolutionary relationship among a range of taxa from a large set of apparently inconsistent gene trees. Under the assumption that differences among gene trees can be explained by gene duplications, and consequent losses, we have developed a method to obtain the global phylogeny minimizing the total number of postulated duplications and losses and to trace back such individual gene duplications to global genome duplications. We have used this method to infer the most likely phylogenetic relationship among 16 major higher eukaryotic taxa from the sequences of 53 different genes, Only five independent genome duplication events need to be postulated in order to explain the inconsistencies among these trees. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. INST MUNICIPAL INVEST MED,BARCELONA 08003,SPAIN. BOSTON UNIV,COLL ENGN,BIOMOL ENGN RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02215. RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; Gasull, Martina/A-6630-2013; Guigo, Roderic/D-1303-2010 OI Guigo, Roderic/0000-0002-5738-4477 FU NLM NIH HHS [P41 LM05205-12] NR 29 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 189 EP 213 DI 10.1006/mpev.1996.0071 PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VM611 UT WOS:A1996VM61100003 PM 8899723 ER PT J AU Phillips, JM AF Phillips, JM TI FMS conference specifies needs of policymakers SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP Phillips, JM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, SURFACE & SENSOR CONTROLLED PROCESSES, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 10 BP 13 EP 14 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VP524 UT WOS:A1996VP52400004 ER PT J AU Kim, KK Chamberlin, HM Morgan, DO Kim, SH AF Kim, KK Chamberlin, HM Morgan, DO Kim, SH TI Three-dimensional structure of human cyclin H, a positive regulator of the CDK-activating kinase SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TFIIH; ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN-KINASE; COMPLEX; MO15; P40(MO15); P34(CDC2); CAK AB Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play a key role in cell cycle control, are activated by the CDK activating kinase (CAK), which activates cyclin-bound CDKs by phosphorylation at a specific threonine residue. Vertebrate CAK contains two key components: a kinase subunit with homology to its substrate CDKs and a regulatory subunit with homology to cyclins. We have determined the X-ray crystal structure of the regulatory subunit of CAK, cyclin H, at 2.6 Angstrom resolution. Cyclin H contains two alpha-helical core domains with a fold similar to that of cyclin A, a regulatory subunit of CAK substrate CDK2, and of TFIIB, a transcription factor. Outside of the core domains, the N- and C-terminal regions of the three structures are completely different. The conformational differences between cyclin H and A structures may reflect functional differences between the two cyclins. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 3 IS 10 BP 849 EP 855 DI 10.1038/nsb1096-849 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA VK993 UT WOS:A1996VK99300009 PM 8836101 ER PT J AU Concus, P Finn, R AF Concus, P Finn, R TI Comments on a paper of Keller, King and Merchant SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE capillarity; contact angle; free surface; mean curvature; microgravity; wedge domain C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT MATH,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP Concus, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 857 EP 861 DI 10.1016/0362-546X(95)00205-A PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VC630 UT WOS:A1996VC63000012 ER PT J AU Tsiklauri, G AF Tsiklauri, G TI CCGT+LWR equals the power plant of the future? SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP Tsiklauri, G (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU REED BUSINESS PUBLISHING LTD PI SUTTON PA QUADRANT HOUSE THE QUADRANT, SUTTON, SURREY, ENGLAND SM2 5AS SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 41 IS 507 BP 22 EP + PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA VP411 UT WOS:A1996VP41100005 ER PT J AU Goorsky, MS Yoon, H Schieber, M James, RB McGregor, DS Natarajan, M AF Goorsky, MS Yoon, H Schieber, M James, RB McGregor, DS Natarajan, M TI X-ray diffuse scattering for evaluation of wide bandgap semiconductor nuclear radiation detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID MERCURIC IODIDE; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; GAMMA-RAY; GROWTH AB The crystalline perfection of solid state radiation detectors was examined using triple axis x-ray diffraction. Triple axis techniques provide a means to analyze the origin of diffraction peak broadening: the effects of strain (due to deviations in alloy composition or stoichiometry) and lattice tilts (mosaic structure) can be separated. Cd1-xZnxTe (x approximate to 0.1), HgI2, and GaAs detector materials were studied. In the cases of Cd1-xZnxTe and HgI2 the crystalline properties of detectors with different spectral responses to gamma-radiation were determined. Increased mosaicity was universally found to be related to deteriorated detector properties. For Cd1-xZnxTe, detectors with poor performance possessed greater levels of diffuse scatter due to lattice tilts than did high quality detectors. For GaAs, low angle grain boundaries were attributed to impaired detector performance. Additionally, in large HgI2 detectors, deviations from stoichiometry were also related to reduced performance. Interestingly, HgI2 detectors which possessed a sharp spectral response to gamma-radiation but also showed polarization were of comparable crystallinity to those detectors which did not exhibit polarization effects. This initial analysis suggests that polarization is related to native point defects or chemical impurities which do not significantly alter the crystallinity of the material. Overall, within a given class of materials, improved detector performance (better spectral response) always correlated with better material quality. C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,GRAD SCH APPL SCI & TECHNOL,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 8347,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. TN TECHNOL,ROUND ROCK,TX 78680. RP Goorsky, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BOELTER HALL,6531-E,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 6 EP 9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00288-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700003 ER PT J AU Hermon, H Schieber, M Roth, M AF Hermon, H Schieber, M Roth, M TI Study of trapping levels in doped HgI2 radiation detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID ELECTRICAL CHARGE TRANSPORT; MERCURIC IODIDE; MERCURY(II) IODIDE; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; STOICHIOMETRY; SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROCARBONS; EXCESS AB The transient charge technique, TCT, was used to measure the trapping levels of pure and doped HgI2 detectors over the temperature range of 170-300 K. The dopants were excess of Hg and I-2, naphthalene, butane, heavy paraffins, polyethylene and polyethylene glycol. The charge carriers were induced by alpha particles as well as by a UV nitrogen (337 nm) pulsed laser beam. The TCT determined trapping levels are compared with levels reported in literature from other solid state measurements. C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,SCH APPL SCI & TECHNOL,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RP Hermon, H (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00289-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700004 ER PT J AU Cross, ES Buffleben, G Soria, E James, R Schieber, M Natarajan, R Gerrish, V AF Cross, ES Buffleben, G Soria, E James, R Schieber, M Natarajan, R Gerrish, V TI The effect of elemental and hydrocarbon impurities on mercuric iodide gamma ray detector performance SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Mercuric iodide is a room temperature semiconductor material that is used for gamma ray and x-ray radiation detection. Mercuric iodide is synthesized from mercuric chloride and potassium iodide and is then purified by a series of melts and sublimation steps and by zone refining. The mercuric iodide is grown into crystals and platelets and then fabricated into detectors. Elemental contamination may be a determining factor in the performance of these detectors. These contaminates may be present in the starting material or may be introduced during, or be unaffected by, the purification, growth or fabrication steps. Methods have been developed for the analysis of trace levels of elemental contamination. Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectroscopy (ICP/MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma/Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP/OES) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS) are used to determine sub ppm levels of many trace elemental impurities. Trace levels of many elemental impurities in the raw mercuric iodide are significantly reduced during the purification and zone refining processes. Though the levels of impurities are reduced, poor performing mercuric iodide detectors have contamination levels remaining or reintroduced which are higher for Ag, Al, Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb and Zn than detectors with good gamma ray response. This paper will discuss the analytical methodology, the effects of purification on impurity levels, and the correlation between detector performance and impurity levels. RP Cross, ES (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00296-3 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700007 ER PT J AU Yao, H Lim, LA James, RB Schieber, M Natarajan, M AF Yao, H Lim, LA James, RB Schieber, M Natarajan, M TI Surface aging of HgI2 crystals studied by VASE and AFM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID IODIDE AB Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements have been employed to characterize the surface aging of HgI2 crystals - a material for room-temperature radiation detectors. Four different initial HgI2 surface conditions were selected, i.e. an as-grown surface, a cleaved surface, a surface chemically etched by 10% KI solution and a parylene coated surface. A model including top surface roughness and subsurface defects of HgI2 crystal, related to surface aging, was established and characterized, as a function of real time, by the VASE analysis. The VASE measurements indicated that high surface aging rates were related to high initial effective two-dimensional (2D) surface-defect densities. The AFM profiles revealed increasing physical surface roughness as surface aging took place. The cleaved HgI2 crystal surface presented a smooth surface and the lowest surface aging rate, while the as-grown HgI2 surface also presented a very low surface aging. A parylene coating on the HgI2 surface can greatly slow down the surface aging. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. TN TECHNOL,ROUND ROCK,TX. RP Yao, H (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00297-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700008 ER PT J AU VanScyoc, JM James, RB Burger, A Soria, E Perrino, C Cross, E Schieber, M Natarajan, M AF VanScyoc, JM James, RB Burger, A Soria, E Perrino, C Cross, E Schieber, M Natarajan, M TI Electrodrift purification of mercuric iodide for improved gamma-ray detector performance SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB The primary problems with mercuric iodide for use in room-temperature radiation detectors are the low yield of high quality devices and the problems with detector stability. It is believed that one of the prime causes of these failures is the presence of certain detrimental impurities. Previous experiments have demonstrated that these impurities can be introduced during processing and that they can strongly affect detector performance. Significant effort has been expended to develop and utilize various mercuric iodide purification schemes. While these techniques are effective to some degree, the level of impurities in detector materials is still higher than that found in more established semiconductors. In this work we developed and investigated a new purification scheme that is based on the mobility of many of the impurities id mercuric iodide under an applied electric field. In this ''electrodrift'' process undesirable metallic impurities are removed from a portion of a bulk mercuric iodide charge to produce higher purity material for detector crystal growth. The lower level of impurities results in fewer charge-trapping centers and therefore there is the potential for significant improvements in the carrier lifetimes and detector stability. This paper reports on some preliminary results of the effectiveness of this method. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV ELECT MFG DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CTR PHOTON MAT & DEVICES,NASHVILLE,TN 37208. TN TECHNOL INC,ROUND ROCK,TX 78680. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 36 EP 41 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00300-2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700010 ER PT J AU Chen, KT Salary, L Burger, A Soria, E Antolak, A James, RB AF Chen, KT Salary, L Burger, A Soria, E Antolak, A James, RB TI Chemical analysis of metal impurity distribution of zone-refined mercuric iodide by ICP-AES and DSC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID STOICHIOMETRY; CRYSTALS AB A mercuric iodide single crystal is being developed for X-ray and gamma-ray detector applications where high-purity starting material is required. Zone-refining processing has been proven to be an effective step in the purification of large amounts of mercuric iodide for crystal growth. In this study we used the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) to identify and determine the distribution of impurity concentrations along the ampoule after zone-refining mercuric iodide. The results show that for Ag, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cr and Al, the zone-refining process does sweep the impurities to the last-to-freeze zone, due to an effective distribution coefficient, k(eff) < 1. For Na, Ni, Cd, Mn and Pb the concentration gradient seems to be fairly independent of the position along the ingot. Differential Scanning Calorimetry was also employed to investigate the deviation from stoichiometry caused by the zone-refining process, and the results indicated that the first-to-freeze section is Hg-rich, and the middle section tends to become slightly Hg-rich, while the last-to-freeze section becomes I-rich. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT RES DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Chen, KT (reprint author), FISK UNIV,CTR PHOTON MAT & DEVICES,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37208, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 57 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00327-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700014 ER PT J AU Brunett, BA David, DC Gilbert, TS Schlesinger, TE VanScyoc, JM James, RB AF Brunett, BA David, DC Gilbert, TS Schlesinger, TE VanScyoc, JM James, RB TI Two-dimensional photocurrent mapping of mercuric iodide detector crystals SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB We have employed two-dimensional photocurrent mapping to determine the material uniformity of a 1 cm(3) cube of mercuric iodide configured as a detector. The sample was mapped over the cross-sectional face of the crystal between the two Pd contacts used to bias the sample. We have examined the dependence of the photocurrent response on detector bias, and also observed non-uniformities within the detector area. A model predicting the photocurrent as a function of position between the contacts has been related to the experimental results and is also presented. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT RES DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Brunett, BA (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00334-8 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700018 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, R Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H AF McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, R Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H TI Material analysis and characterization on zone refined and zone leveled vertical zone melt GaAs for radiation spectrometers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID LIQUID-ENCAPSULATED CZOCHRALSKI; BULK GAAS; DETECTORS; CRYSTALS; GROWTH; CENTERS; FIELD AB GaAs is a wide band gap (1.42 eV) semiconductor that has shown promise as a room temperature operated gamma-ray detector. A practical gamma-ray detector would be large in volume, hence the resistivity of the material must be high to ensure large depletion volumes and low leakage currents. Commercially available semi-insulating (SI) bulk GaAs is compensated by a balance between native defect deep donors (EL2) and residual dopant impurities. The high concentrations of electrically active deep and shallow levels are believed to contribute to electric field distortions observed in gamma-ray detectors fabricated from SI bulk GaAs. Hence, the controlled reduction of native defects and contaminant impurities may yield improved bulk GaAs for gamma-ray detectors. Custom grown vertical zone melt (VZM) bulk GaAs is presently under investigation as an alternative material for room temperature operated gamma-ray detectors. The VZM technique allows for zone refinement (ZR) and zone leveling (ZL) of the GaAs ingots. Custom growth of the material allows for controlled changes in the bulk crystal, including deliberate reductions in EL2 and impurity concentrations. Comparisons are made to commercial vertical gradient freeze (VGF) and liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEG) bulk GaAs. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-671,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 87 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00337-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700021 ER PT J AU Anderson, RJM AF Anderson, RJM TI Decay dynamics of free and trapped excitons in tetragonal mercuric iodide SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; HGI2 AB We present the time-resolved photoluminescence spectra of tetragonal mercuric iodide from 4.2 to 100 K. Decay of photoluminescence is dominated by transport of the exciton-polariton to sites for recombination: the surface (band 1 at about 532 nm) and the band 2 trap site (about 560 nm). The decay rate of the exciton-polariton in the bulk of the material decreases precipitously (a factor of nearly 100) over this temperature range, which we ascribe to a manifestation of polariton (radiative) decay. Inelastic scattering of exciton-polaritons from thermally populated phonons reduces the cooling rate of the exciton-polariton to energies below the knee of the exciton-polariton dispersion curve, which slows transport and thus blocks the dominant pathway for radiative recombination and reduces the decay rate. Band 2, which is present to some extent in all mercuric iodide crystals, shows a rapid rise time and two decay channels. The decay rate of the radiative channel is less than the decay rate of band 1 at low temperatures, and changes at higher temperatures to be indistinguishable from that of band 1. At higher temperatures a nonradiative channel begins to dominate; its decay rate increases strongly with temperature, which leads to quenching of all luminescence even at temperatures well below 300 K. RP Anderson, RJM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 88 EP 92 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00637-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700022 ER PT J AU Toney, JE Brunett, BA Schlesinger, TE VanScyoc, JM James, RB Schieber, M Goorsky, M Yoon, H Eissler, E Johnson, C AF Toney, JE Brunett, BA Schlesinger, TE VanScyoc, JM James, RB Schieber, M Goorsky, M Yoon, H Eissler, E Johnson, C TI Uniformity of Cd1-xZnxTe grown by high-pressure Bridgman SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ZINC AB We have employed both low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and high-spatial-resolution, room-temperature PL mapping to determine composition variation in Cd1-xZnxTe grown by high-pressure Bridgman. Composition variations Delta x of approximately 5-10% are observed between tip and heel of an approximately 13 cm long boule, while fluctuations of 1-2% are observed within a single, detector-scale sample. We also show that there are great discrepancies in the calculated zinc concentration, depending on which expression for E(g)(x) is chosen from the literature. We have performed high-resolution, triaxial X-ray analysis on selected samples to determine which of the published relations is most accurate for our material. We have also examined the relationship between the low-temperature PL spectrum and detector performance, and found that the line width of the donor-bound-exciton peak can be used as a predictor of performance. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT RES DIV,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. EV PROD,SAXONBURG,PA 16056. RP Toney, JE (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. NR 15 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 132 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00373-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700031 ER PT J AU Szeles, C Shan, YY Lynn, KG Eissler, EE AF Szeles, C Shan, YY Lynn, KG Eissler, EE TI Deep electronic levels in high-pressure Bridgman Cd1-xZnxTe SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID HETEROJUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; IMPURITIES; CENTERS; CDTE AB The behavior of deep electronic levels was studied as a function of Zn concentration in CdZnTe crystals grown by the high-pressure Bridgman technique using thermoelectric effect spectroscopy. A significant increase of the thermal ionization energies of hole traps was observed with the increasing Zn content of the ternary compound. The effect explains the stronger hole trapping and the resulting much shorter hole lifetime usually observed in CdZnTe as compared to CdTe. The behavior also suggests increased carrier recombination and explains the strong deterioration of electron collection in detectors fabricated from CdZnTe of high Zn concentration. C1 II IV INC,EV PROD DIV,SAXONBURG,PA 16056. RP Szeles, C (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00331-2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700035 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Chui, HC Flatley, JE Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Wang, CL AF McGregor, DS Chui, HC Flatley, JE Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Wang, CL TI Comparison of vertical gradient freeze bulk GaAs and custom grown vertical zone melt bulk GaAs as radiation spectrometers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID PARTICLE DETECTORS; N-GAAS; FIELD AB Custom grown vertical zone melt (VZM) ingots of GaAs have been zone refined and zone leveled. The crystallinity, impurity concentrations, defect concentrations, and electrical properties of the ingots have been studied. Radiation detectors fabricated from the ingots have been compared to radiation detectors fabricated from commercially available vertical gradient freeze (VGF) material. Preliminary results suggest that electrical homogeneity may be a major factor in determining the performance of GaAs gamma ray detectors. Deep level EL2 concentrations were reduced in the VZM material, however gamma ray detectors fabricated from the material exhibited inferior resolution. Commercial semi-insulating bulk VGF GaAs material demonstrated much better resolution than the VZM detectors, giving best energy resolutions of 7.8% FWHM for 122 keV gamma rays and 5% FWHM for 356 keV gamma rays. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. DELECTRONIX,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9671,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00302-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700039 ER PT J AU Bauer, C Baumann, I Colledani, C Conway, J Delpierre, P Djama, F Dulinski, W Fallou, A Gan, KK Gilmore, RS Grigoriev, E Hallewell, G Han, S Hessing, T Hubec, J Husson, D Kagan, H Kania, D Kass, R Kinnison, W Knopfle, KT Krammer, M Llewellyn, TJ Manfredi, PF Pan, LS Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Re, V Roe, S Rudge, A Schaeffer, M Schnetzer, S Somalwar, S Speziali, V Stone, R Trapper, RJ Tesarek, R Trischuk, W Turchetta, R Thomson, GB Wagner, R Weilhammer, P White, C Ziock, H Zoeller, MM AF Bauer, C Baumann, I Colledani, C Conway, J Delpierre, P Djama, F Dulinski, W Fallou, A Gan, KK Gilmore, RS Grigoriev, E Hallewell, G Han, S Hessing, T Hubec, J Husson, D Kagan, H Kania, D Kass, R Kinnison, W Knopfle, KT Krammer, M Llewellyn, TJ Manfredi, PF Pan, LS Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Re, V Roe, S Rudge, A Schaeffer, M Schnetzer, S Somalwar, S Speziali, V Stone, R Trapper, RJ Tesarek, R Trischuk, W Turchetta, R Thomson, GB Wagner, R Weilhammer, P White, C Ziock, H Zoeller, MM TI Recent results on chemical-vapor-deposited diamond microstrip detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID METAL AB Diamond is a nearly ideal material for detecting ionizing radiation. Its outstanding radiation hardness, fast charge collection, and low leakage current allow a diamond detector to be used in high-radiation high-temperature and aggressive chemical environments. We report here the results of recent beam tests of chemical-vapor-deposited diamond microstrip detectors in a 100 GeV pion beam at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Using detectors with a 50 mu m strip pitch and a 50% coverage, we achieved an average signal size of 4350 electrons with a signal-to-noise ratio of 30:1 and a spatial resolution of 14.3 mu m. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MPI HEIDELBERG,D-69029 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. CTR RECH NUCL,LEPSI,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. CPPM,F-13288 MARSEILLE,FRANCE. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV BRISTOL,BRISTOL BS8 1TL,AVON,ENGLAND. CERN,EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO ELETTR,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94552. RI Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Grigoriev, Eugene/K-6650-2013; OI Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Grigoriev, Eugene/0000-0001-7235-9715; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 183 EP 185 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00376-2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700043 ER PT J AU Schlesinger, TE James, RB Schieber, M Toney, J VanScyoc, JM Salary, L Hermon, H Lund, J Burger, A Chen, KT Cross, E Soria, E Shah, K Squillante, M Yoon, H Goorsky, M AF Schlesinger, TE James, RB Schieber, M Toney, J VanScyoc, JM Salary, L Hermon, H Lund, J Burger, A Chen, KT Cross, E Soria, E Shah, K Squillante, M Yoon, H Goorsky, M TI Characterization of lead iodide for nuclear spectrometers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS AB We report on the results of a number of investigations into the material properties of lead iodide and their relation to x- and gamma-ray spectrometers. The effectiveness of zone refining as determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy is demonstrated. We show that zone refining is effective in producing lead iodide with a higher degree of purity in terms of extrinsic dopants and we determine the segregation coefficients for a number of these impurities. Low temperature photoluminescence also indicates an improvement in the material properties of the purified lead iodide. The chemical etching characteristics, including etch rates, of lead iodide are presented for a number of etching solutions. Triple axis x-ray diffraction measurements have been employed to determine the structural perfection of the lead iodide after diamond sawing and etching and recovery of the crystallinity of the material is seen after NaI etching. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FISK UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN. RMD INC,WATERTOWN,MA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Schlesinger, TE (reprint author), CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. NR 16 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00343-9 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700045 ER PT J AU Han, S Wagner, RS Gullikson, E AF Han, S Wagner, RS Gullikson, E TI Response of diamond photoconductors to soft x ray in the spectral range 125 angstrom to 240 angstrom SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID METAL AB Due to the large bandgap of diamond, it is transparent to the visible spectrum, making it an attractive material for soft x-ray detection. Response of diamond photoconductive detectors fabricated using polycrystalline chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) diamond to soft x-rays has been measured using x-rays emitted from a laser-produced plasma source in the spectral range 125 Angstrom to 240 Angstrom. These detectors have interdigitated electrode structure in order to increase the active area as well as detector sensitivity. Contribution to the detector sensitivity by the photoelectrons is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Han, S (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MST 11,D429,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 205 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00378-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700048 ER PT J AU Shah, KS Bennett, P Moy, LP Misra, MM Moses, WW AF Shah, KS Bennett, P Moy, LP Misra, MM Moses, WW TI Characterization of indium iodide detectors for scintillation studies SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID RADIATION DETECTORS AB Indium iodide (InI) is a wide bandgap semiconductor (E(g) = 2.0 eV) and has been investigated as an optical detector material for use in gamma-ray scintillation spectroscopy. Single crystals of InI have been grown by the Bridgman process using zone-refined starting material and optical detectors have been fabricated from such crystals. The performance of these detectors has been investigated by measuring their quantum efficiency, direct X-ray detection characteristics, and electrical resistivity. The InI photodetectors have been coupled to CsI(TI) scintillators and room-temperature energy resolutions of 7.5% (FWHM) and 9.8% (FWHM) were recorded for 662 keV and 511 keV gamma-rays, respectively. Successful gamma-ray detection has also been accomplished with InI photodetectors coupled to LSO (Lu2SiO5:Ce) scintillators, and a resolution of 14% (FWHM) has been recorded for 511 keV gamma-rays. Finally, analysis of the electronic noise behavior of the InI detectors has been performed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Shah, KS (reprint author), RADIAT MONITORING DEVICES INC,WATERTOWN,MA 02172, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00349-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700050 ER PT J AU Luke, PN AF Luke, PN TI Electrode configuration and energy resolution in gamma-ray detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Materials used for room-temperature gamma-ray detectors exhibit substantial charge-collection deficiencies. As a result, the geometrical arrangement of charge-sensing electrodes on a detector can have a very large influence on its spectral performance. A discussion of the effects of electrode geometry on charge signal generation and energy resolution is presented. Various electrode configurations including spherical, coaxial, pixel, strip and coplanar-grid are examined in theoretical terms to evaluate their effectiveness and limitations in enhancing the performance of detectors with charge trapping. RP Luke, PN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 6 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 232 EP 237 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00353-1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700054 ER PT J AU Medlin, DL VanScyoc, JM Gilbert, TS Schlesinger, TE Boehme, D Schieber, M Natarajan, M James, RB AF Medlin, DL VanScyoc, JM Gilbert, TS Schlesinger, TE Boehme, D Schieber, M Natarajan, M James, RB TI Formation of PdHg by reaction of palladium thin film contacts deposited onto mercuric iodide (alpha-HgI2) radiation detector crystals SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB The microstructure and phase distribution of palladium thin films sputter deposited onto alpha-HgI2 for use as electrical contacts in radiation detectors are investigated using electron microscopy. Our results show a limited reaction to form palladium mercuride (PdHg). It is shown that the formation of PdHg via several reaction pathways is thermodynamically feasible. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. TN TECHNOL INC,ROUND ROCK,TX 78680. RP Medlin, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 241 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00381-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700056 ER PT J AU Lund, JC VanScyoc, JM James, RB McGregor, DS Olsen, RW AF Lund, JC VanScyoc, JM James, RB McGregor, DS Olsen, RW TI Large volume room temperature gamma-ray spectrometers from CdxZn1-xTe SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID DETECTORS AB Recent developments in Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) crystal growth technology have enabled the production of large samples of detector grade material. In this paper we discuss the technical issues associated with building large volume CZT detectors (> 10 cm(3)) for use in gamma-ray spectroscopy. In particular, an analysis of the electronic noise in CZT devices and how it scales with detector size is presented, along with a discussion of methods to reduce noise in large CZT detector systems. The degradation of energy resolution caused by charge collection problems is also discussed and the use of electronic signal processing and improved device design to minimize charge collection effects are described. RP Lund, JC (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9409,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 256 EP 261 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00323-3 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700059 ER PT J AU Shah, KS Olschner, F Moy, LP Bennett, P Misra, M Zhang, J Squillante, MR Lund, JC AF Shah, KS Olschner, F Moy, LP Bennett, P Misra, M Zhang, J Squillante, MR Lund, JC TI Lead iodide X-ray detection systems SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID CRYSTALS AB Recent progress in the development of room-temperature lead iodide (PbI2) X-ray detectors is reported. Progress has been made in the areas of detector fabrication and preamplifier electronics, and this has resulted in improved detection performance. An energy resolution of 415 eV (FWHM) has been reported for 5.9 keV X-rays (Fe-55 source) with 1 mm(2) detector at room temperature. A better estimation of the Fano factor in PbI, has been carried out and the upper limit of the Fano factor is calculated to be 0.19. Larger lead iodide detectors (up to 25 mm(2)) have been fabricated and their spectroscopic performance has been evaluated. The timing characteristics of lead iodide detectors have been investigated. A compact, portable lead iodide probe assembly has been designed and built for X-ray spectroscopic applications. Finally, optical and charge particle detection properties of lead iodide detectors have also been characterized. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Shah, KS (reprint author), RADIAT MONITORING DEVICES INC,44 HUNT ST,WATERTOWN,MA 02172, USA. NR 11 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 266 EP 270 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00346-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700061 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Lindsay, JT Brannon, CC Olsen, RW AF McGregor, DS Lindsay, JT Brannon, CC Olsen, RW TI Semi-insulating bulk GaAs as a semiconductor thermal-neutron imaging device SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID RADIATION DETECTORS AB Thermal-neutron Schottky barrier detector arrays fabricated from semi-insulating bulk GaAs are presently being tested. The devices use a film of B-10 to convert the incident thermal-neutron field into cr, particles and lithium ions, either of which interact in the detector. Bulk GaAs Schottky barrier detectors are relatively radiation hard to thermal neutrons and gamma rays and have shown reasonably good energy resolution for alpha particles. Additionally, reverse biased radiation detectors fabricated from semi-insulating bulk GaAs have been shown to have truncated electric field distributions, resulting in the formation of a high field active region and a considerably lower field dead region. The device is sensitive only to electron-hole pairs excited in the high field region, thus the truncated field effect is advantageous as an inherent gamma-ray discrimination feature for neutron detectors. Preliminary results show no indication of device degradation after over 2400 hr in a thermal-neutron beam from a reactor. Images have been formed of 1, 1.5, and 2 mm holes and crosses from 2 mm thick Cd templates. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,PHOENIX MEM LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9162,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00347-6 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700062 ER PT J AU Iwanczyk, JS Patt, BE Segal, J Plummer, J Vilkelis, G Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Cox, AD Rehn, L Metz, J AF Iwanczyk, JS Patt, BE Segal, J Plummer, J Vilkelis, G Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Cox, AD Rehn, L Metz, J TI Simulation and modelling of a new silicon X-ray drift detector design for synchrotron radiation applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURE EXAFS AB In this paper we describe the design of a new type of detector based on silicon drift chamber (SDC) detectors for near-room temperature X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) applications. Theoretical analysis shows that these devices are capable of electronic noise levels that are competitive with cryogenic detectors at significantly higher count rates. Novel field-plate electrodes and integration of the FET with the use of a secondary epitaxial layer will be discussed. Results of modelling and simulation of the new SDC structures will be presented. C1 STANFORD UNIV,INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. INTERFET CORP,GARLAND,TX. RP Iwanczyk, JS (reprint author), XSIRIUS INC,1220-A AVE ACASO,CAMARILLO,CA 93012, USA. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00493-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700065 ER PT J AU Redus, R Squillante, M Lund, J AF Redus, R Squillante, M Lund, J TI Electronics for high resolution spectroscopy with compound semiconductors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID CDTE DETECTORS AB A wide variety of applications require high resolution, high sensitivity, gamma ray spectrometers which are portable, compact, and rugged enough for field operations. We are developing a laboratory prototype of a semiconductor detector system meeting these requirements. This spectrometer uses multiple CdTe radiation detectors for high counting efficiency, digital nonlinear pulse risetime compensation circuitry for high energy resolution and high sensitivity, and a low power thermoelectric cooler for low electronic noise. The use of digital compensation allows arbitrary, very accurate compensation with no rejection. These three techniques were integrated in the prototype, which achieved an energy resolution of 5 keV (0.75%) FWHM at 662 keV, without rejecting any counts, using a detector volume of 4 x 4 x 2 mm CdTe. With a 1.6 cm diam x 2 mm CdTe detector, a resolution of 15 keV (2%) FWHM at 662 keV was measured. The same technology has been successfully applied to other compound semiconductors which also have performance limited by poor charge collection, such as CdxZn1-xTe. A low power, compact, very portable, rugged implementation has been designed. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Redus, R (reprint author), RADIAT MONITORING DEVICES INC,44 HUNT ST,WATERTOWN,MA 02172, USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 312 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00307-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700069 ER PT J AU Fazzi, A Rehak, P AF Fazzi, A Rehak, P TI A double-gate double-feedback JFET charge-sensitive preamplifier SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB A new Charge-Sensitive Preamplifier (CSP) without a physical resistance in the feedback is presented. The input device has to be a double-gate JFET. In this new preamplifier configuration the feedback capacitor is continuously discharged by means of a second DC current feedback loop closed through the bottom gate of the input JFET, The top gate-channel junction works as usual in reverse bias, the bottom gate-channel is forward biased. A fraction of the current injected by the bottom gate reaches the top gate discharging the feedback capacitor. The n-channel double-gate JFET is considered from the viewpoint of the restoring action as a parasitic p-n-p ''transversal'' bipolar junction transistor, The new preamplifier is also suited for detectors operating at room temperature with leakage current which may vary with time. The DC behaviour and the dynamic behaviour of the circuit is analyzed and new measurements presented. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Fazzi, A (reprint author), POLITECN MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO INGN NUCL,VIA PONZIO 34-3,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 346 EP 349 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00355-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700075 ER PT J AU Lavietes, AD McQuaid, JH Paulus, TJ AF Lavietes, AD McQuaid, JH Paulus, TJ TI Preliminary uranium enrichment analysis results using cadmium zinc telluride detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and EG and G ORTEC have jointly developed a portable ambient-temperature detection system that can be used in a number of application scenarios. The detection system uses a planar cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector with custom-designed detector support electronics developed at LLNL and is based on the recently released MicroNOMAD multichannel analyzer (MCA) produced by QRTEC. Spectral analysis is performed using software developed at LLNL that was originally designed for use with high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector systems. In one application, the CZT detection system determines uranium enrichments ranging from less than 3% to over 75% to within accuracies of 20%. The analysis was performed using sample sizes of 200 g or larger and acquisition times of 30 min. We have demonstrated the capabilities of this system by analyzing the spectra gathered by the CZT detection system from uranium sources of several enrichments. These experiments demonstrate that current CZT detectors can, in some cases, approach performance criteria that were previously the exclusive domain of larger HPGe detector systems. C1 EG&G ORTEC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Lavietes, AD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,7000 EAST AVE,L-230,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 406 EP 409 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00314-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700088 ER PT J AU Rossi, M Baldazzi, G Querzola, E Guidi, G Scannavini, MG Chirco, P Zanarini, M Casali, F Azevedo, S AF Rossi, M Baldazzi, G Querzola, E Guidi, G Scannavini, MG Chirco, P Zanarini, M Casali, F Azevedo, S TI High energy tomography using cadmium zinc telluride detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Cadmium zinc telluride (Cd0.8Zn(0.2)Te) is nowadays one of the most promising room temperature semiconductors for X- and gamma-ray detection. Indeed, its physical characteristics make this detector very suitable for operating under high-intensity fluxes, such as those produced by linear accelerators. For this reason, CdZnTe has been chosen for the set-up of a tomographic facility based on a 12-MeV linear accelerator. This system is a first generation tomograph; it has already been used for preliminary phantoms image acquisition, showing rather good imaging capabilities. The polychromaticity of the source may induce severe beam-hardening artifacts in the final tomographic images. Extensive experimental studies have been carried out to optimize correction algorithms able to reduce such artifacts. A set of images of relevant samples have been acquired in order to evaluate the relationship between the absorption coefficients and the resulting CT numbers. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Rossi, M (reprint author), UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,VIA IRNERIO 46,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. RI Baldazzi, Giuseppe/B-4112-2011 OI Baldazzi, Giuseppe/0000-0002-6657-1645 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 419 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00385-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700091 ER PT J AU Olsen, RW James, RB Cofield, C Miller, B Mickelsen, B AF Olsen, RW James, RB Cofield, C Miller, B Mickelsen, B TI Special nuclear materials monitoring - An application of CdxZn1-xTe detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Special nuclear materials (SNMs) are radioactive sources containing either U-235 or Pu-239; materials that can be used in nuclear weapons. To monitor the extensive stockpiles of these materials in the US and former Soviet Union requires specialized instrumentation. This instrumentation must contain a sensor capable of detecting the gamma emissions from U-235 or Pu-239, yet the instrument must be extremely reliable and consume little power. The performance of a SNM monitoring system, developed under project ''Straight-line'' at Sandia National Laboratories will be discussed. The system makes use of room temperature CdxZn1-xTe (CZT) detectors. CZT detectors are a good choice for this application because they have excellent stopping power for U-235 or Pu-239 photon emissions, and they draw very little current. Particular emphasis will be given to the problem of providing a suitable charge sensitive preamplifier and electronic readout system for a CZT detector that consumes little power. RP Olsen, RW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9162,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 467 EP 469 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00362-2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700100 ER PT J AU Cuzin, M James, RB Manfredi, PF Siffert, P AF Cuzin, M James, RB Manfredi, PF Siffert, P TI Room temperature semiconductor X- and gamma-ray detectors, associated electronics and applications - Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on room temperature semiconductor X- and gamma-ray detectors, associated electronics and applications - Grenoble, France, September 18-22, 1995 - Preface SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA. UNIV PAVIA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. CNRS,PHASE,STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RP Cuzin, M (reprint author), LETI,SCSI,GRENOBLE,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)88947-0 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700001 ER PT J AU Hau, LV Golovchenko, JA Haakenaasen, R Hunt, AW Peng, JP AsokaKumar, P Lynn, KG Weinert, M Palathingal, JC AF Hau, LV Golovchenko, JA Haakenaasen, R Hunt, AW Peng, JP AsokaKumar, P Lynn, KG Weinert, M Palathingal, JC TI On the role of classical and quantum notions in channeling and the development of fast positrons as a solid state probe of valence electron and spin densities SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION; ENERGY; ATOM AB The subtleties of the interplay between classical and quantum pictures are revealed particularly clearly in connection with the effect of channeling. The role of this interplay is described and related to a new probe for valence electron and spin magnetic densities in thin films, which is based upon two-photon annihilation in night of channeled MeV positrons. The channeling effect is used to steer positrons into the interstices of a crystal, where the valence electron density is high. Transmission measurements have been performed to test our quantitative understanding of the spatial and momentum distribution of channeled positrons, We calculate annihilation rates in a gold crystal and show that the probe is highly sensitive to valence electrons. Channeling states in iron are shown to be sensitive to different regions of the spin magnetic density. With a polarized beam of MeV positrons and the possibility for selective state population, we show that the spatial distribution of the magnetization density can be probed. C1 UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,OSLO,NORWAY. HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT PHYS,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00680. RP Hau, LV (reprint author), ROWLAND INST SCI INC,EDWIN H LAND BLVD,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142, USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 41 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00307-2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300004 ER PT J AU Berman, BL Kephart, JO Datz, S Klein, RK Pantell, RH Swent, RL Park, H Alguard, MJ Hunes, MV AF Berman, BL Kephart, JO Datz, S Klein, RK Pantell, RH Swent, RL Park, H Alguard, MJ Hunes, MV TI Channeling radiation from LiH and LiD SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID RAY-DIFFRACTION; ELECTRON; PLANAR; DEPENDENCE; PLATELETS; DIAMONDS; SILICON; BEO AB We have obtained channeling-radiation spectra for both electrons and positrons incident along the major planes of LIH and LID crystals. Analysis of the data yields two significant results: (1) the thermal-vibration amplitude of LiD is smaller than that of LiH, as one would expect for this isotopic effect, but in contradiction with tabulated values; and (2) a tunneling transition was observed for 54-MeV electron channeling along the (111) planes of both LiH and LiD. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. ADV MICRO DEVICES INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94088. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,HANSEN EXPT PHYS LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. HYUNDAI ELECT AMER,SUNNYVALE,CA 94089. MEASUREX INC,CUPERTINO,CA 95015. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TEST DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Berman, BL (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00055-9 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300011 ER PT J AU Huang, ZR Chen, PS Ruth, RD AF Huang, ZR Chen, PS Ruth, RD TI A semi-classical treatment of channeling radiation reaction SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article AB A semi-classical formalism is used to calculate the radiation reaction of a relativistic particle in a straight, continuous focusing system. Due to the absence of quantum excitation in such a focusing system, the radiation damping rate of the transverse action obtained using this formalism agrees exactly with the result from the classical Lorentz-Dine radiation reaction equation. In the limit where the pitch angle of the particle is much smaller than the radiation opening angle, the transverse action damps exponentially with an energy-independent rate that is much faster than the energy decay rate. In the opposite limit, both the transverse action and the energy damp with power laws and their relative rates are comparable. The general time-dependence of the transverse action damping and the energy decay are obtained analytically from these rate equations. RP Huang, ZR (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 192 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00237-6 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300026 ER PT J AU Murphy, CT Carrigan, R Chen, D Jackson, G Mokhov, N Shih, HJ Cox, B Golovatyuk, V McManus, A Bogacz, A Cline, D Ramachandran, S Rhoades, J Rosenzweig, J Newberger, B Ellison, JA Baker, S Sun, CR Gabella, W Tsyganov, E Taratin, A Asseev, A Biryukov, V Khanzadeev, A Prokofieva, T Samsonov, V Solodov, G AF Murphy, CT Carrigan, R Chen, D Jackson, G Mokhov, N Shih, HJ Cox, B Golovatyuk, V McManus, A Bogacz, A Cline, D Ramachandran, S Rhoades, J Rosenzweig, J Newberger, B Ellison, JA Baker, S Sun, CR Gabella, W Tsyganov, E Taratin, A Asseev, A Biryukov, V Khanzadeev, A Prokofieva, T Samsonov, V Solodov, G TI First results from bent crystal extraction at the Fermilab Tevatron SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article AB First results from Fermilab Experiment 853 are presented. E853 is an experiment to test the feasibility and efficiency of extracting a low-intensity beam from the halo of the Tevatron using channeling in a bent silicon crystal. The motivation of the experiment is to apply crystal extraction to trans-TeV accelerators like the LHC. Extensive simulation work has been carried out. Two accelerator operating modes have been developed for crystal studies, ''kick'' mode and diffusion mode. Results from the first successful extraction in kick mode are presented. C1 SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. UNIV VIRGINIA,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA,RUSSIA. SERPUKHOV HIGH ENERGY PHYS INST,SERPUKHOV 142284,RUSSIA. PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST,GATCHINA,RUSSIA. RP Murphy, CT (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Biryukov, Valery/C-8432-2017 OI Biryukov, Valery/0000-0002-3591-7762 NR 10 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00356-4 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300031 ER PT J AU Carrigan, RA AF Carrigan, RA TI Could bent crystals be used to construct long baseline neutrino beams? SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID GEV PARTICLE BEAMS; PROTON-BEAM; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; EXTRACTION; DEFLECTION; EFFICIENCY; SILICON; PLANES; SPS AB Several programs are underway to construct long baseline neutrino beams from accelerators for experiments to study neutrino mixing and mass differences, Such programs require an intense proton beam extracted from an accelerator, a deflector to point it in the right direction, a target to make mesons, a meson decay pipe to produce the neutrinos, and a large neutrino detector. Channeling offers a technique to extract and direct such beams, However long crystals of germanium or tungsten would be required in most cases. The necessary bend angles would result in substantial dechanneling. While such arrangements are thinkable they are far in the future. RP Carrigan, RA (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, POB 500, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00289-3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300032 ER PT J AU Khanzadeev, AV Samsonov, VM Carrigan, RA Chen, D AF Khanzadeev, AV Samsonov, VM Carrigan, RA Chen, D TI Experiment to observe the spin precession of channeled relativistic Sigma(+) hyperons SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-MOMENT MEASUREMENT; BENT CRYSTALS AB Spin precession of channeled particles in bent crystals has been observed for the first time. Polarized Sigma(+) were channeled using bent Si crystals. These crystals provided an effective magnetic field of 45 T which resulted in measured spin precession of 60 degrees+/-17 degrees. This agrees with the prediction of 62 degrees+/-2 degrees using the world average of Sigma(+) magnetic moment measurements. This new technique gives a Sigma(+) magnetic moment of (2.40+/-0.46+/-0.40)(mu n) where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. We see no evidence of depolarization in the channeling process. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Khanzadeev, AV (reprint author), PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST,GATCHINA,RUSSIA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 266 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00187-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300036 ER PT J AU Baublis, VV Khanzadeev, AV Kuryatkov, VV Lapin, EG Miftakhov, NM Novikov, SR Prokofieva, TI Samsonov, VM Solodov, GP Loginov, BB Strickhanov, MN Carrigan, RA Chen, D Murphy, CT AF Baublis, VV Khanzadeev, AV Kuryatkov, VV Lapin, EG Miftakhov, NM Novikov, SR Prokofieva, TI Samsonov, VM Solodov, GP Loginov, BB Strickhanov, MN Carrigan, RA Chen, D Murphy, CT TI Preparing crystals for channeling experiments at high energies SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article AB On the basis of the experience of silicon crystal preparation for two Fermilab experiments on particle channeling (E761 and E853) the requirements for the crystal perfection for high energy physics experiments are discussed. Techniques which provide the cutting, orientation with high accuracy and test the quality of the initial and completed crystals are presented. C1 PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST, GATCHINA 188350, RUSSIA. CSRI ELECTRON, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD OCT PY 1996 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP 308 EP 315 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(96)00328-X PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN993 UT WOS:A1996VN99300041 ER PT J AU Meyer, RO McCardell, RK Chung, HM Diamond, DJ Scott, HH AF Meyer, RO McCardell, RK Chung, HM Diamond, DJ Scott, HH TI A regulatory assessment of test data for reactivity-initiated accidents SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article AB An assessment is made of recent test data from France, Japan, and Russia and of earlier test data from the United States in relation to the safety analysis performed for reactivity-initiated accidents in power reactors in the United States. Considerations include mode of cladding failure, oxidation, hydriding, and pulse-width effects. From the data trend and from these considerations, we conclude that the cladding failure threshold for fuel rods with moderate-to-high burnup is roughly 100-cal/g fuel peak fuel-rod enthalpy for boiling-water reactors and pressurized-water reactors. Realistic plant calculations suggest that cladding failure would not occur for rod-ejection or rod-drop accidents and therefore that pellet fragmentation and enhanced fission-product release from fuel pellets should not have to be considered in the safety analysis for these reactivity accidents. The data base, however, is sparse and contains much uncertainty. C1 US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Off Nucl Regulatory Res, Washington, DC 20555 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, DOE NRC Support Programs, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Meyer, RO (reprint author), US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Off Nucl Regulatory Res, Washington, DC 20555 USA. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 37 IS 4 BP 271 EP 288 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA V3057 UT WOS:000169571300003 ER PT J AU Cletcher, JW AF Cletcher, JW TI Reactor shutdown experience SO NUCLEAR SAFETY LA English DT Article C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cletcher, JW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0029-5604 J9 NUCL SAFETY JI Nucl. Saf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 37 IS 4 BP 388 EP 390 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA V3057 UT WOS:000169571300008 ER PT J AU Haight, RC Kneff, DW Oliver, BM Greenwood, LR Vonach, H AF Haight, RC Kneff, DW Oliver, BM Greenwood, LR Vonach, H TI Helium production by 9.85-MeV neutrons in elemental iron, nickel, and copper and in Fe-56 and Ni-58,Ni-60,Ni-61 SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; N,X-ALPHA REACTIONS; SPECTRA; N,XP AB Helium production cross sections for the elements iron, nickel, and copper and for the isotopes Fe-56, Ni-58, Ni-60, and Ni-61 for 9.85-MeV neutrons have been measured by irradiation with an intense, quasi-monoenergetic neutron source followed by helium analysis with isotope dilution gas mass spectrometry. The results are in fair agreement with (n, alpha) cross sections measured by alpha-particle detection and integration over the alpha-particle energies and angular distributions. C1 ROCKWELL INT CORP,CANOGA PK,CA 91309. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV VIENNA,INST RADIUMFORSCH & KERNPHYS,VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RP Haight, RC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 219 EP 227 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA VK791 UT WOS:A1996VK79100002 ER PT J AU Grimes, SM Brient, CE Goeckner, FC Bateman, FB Chadwick, MB Haight, RC Lee, TM Sterbenz, SM Young, PG Wasson, OA Vonach, H AF Grimes, SM Brient, CE Goeckner, FC Bateman, FB Chadwick, MB Haight, RC Lee, TM Sterbenz, SM Young, PG Wasson, OA Vonach, H TI The Co-59(n,x alpha) reaction from 5 to 50 MeV SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONTINUUM ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; 15-MEV NEUTRONS; SYSTEMATICS; ISOTOPES; EMISSION; ENERGIES; CARBON AB Alpha-particle production cross sections and spectra produced by neutron bombardment of Co-59 are measured at 30, 60, 90, and 135 deg over the neutron energy range from 5 to 50 MeV. A source of neutrons continuous in energy is provided by the Los Alamos Weapons Nuclear Research Facility spallation neutron source facility. Comparison of the measurements with results of calculations including sequential reaction Hauser-Feshbach calculations and pre-equilibrium processes indicates that the majority of the alpha particles result from compound nuclear reactions. The degree of agreement of calculation with experimental data for the cross section as a function of neutron energy and on the alpha-particle emission spectra depends on the selection of nuclear level densities and optical model parameters. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. INST RADIUMFORSCH & KERNPHYS,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Grimes, SM (reprint author), OHIO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701, USA. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 271 EP 279 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA VK791 UT WOS:A1996VK79100006 ER PT J AU Forsberg, CW Conklin, JC AF Forsberg, CW Conklin, JC TI Passive cooling system with temperature control for reactor containments SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE containments; containment cooling; passive safety AB The temperature-initiated passive cooling system (TIPACS) is a new reactor containment cooling system that is applicable to multiple reactor types. TIPACS, which transfers heat from a hot, insulated system to a cooler, external environment, has five defining characteristics: It has efficient heat transfer, is passive (i. e., no moving mechanical components), has a thermal switch mechanism that allows heat transfer only above a preset temperature, has one-way (heat diode) heat transfer from the internal warm system to ambient, and is suitable to use with any size power reactor. TIPACS consists of two subsystems: a heat transfer system (HTS) and a temperature control system (TCS). The NTS in full operation is a single-phase, natural-circulation system that uses carbon dioxide (CO2) above its vapor-liquid critical point (T > 31 degrees C; P > 72.85 atm) as the heat transfer fluid. The TCS is a passive device that blocks the flow of CO2 if the interior containment temperature drops below a preset temperature, which is between the vapor-liquid critical point and similar to 15 degrees C below the vapor-liquid critical temperature of CO2. The preset temperature is determined by the system hardware design. The control mechanism is driven only by the change of fluid properties near the critical point (i. e., there are no active mechanical components). RP Forsberg, CW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,015MIT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 116 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA VH667 UT WOS:A1996VH66700005 ER PT J AU Wong, KK Stillwell, LC Dockery, CA Saffer, JD AF Wong, KK Stillwell, LC Dockery, CA Saffer, JD TI Use of tagged random hexamer amplification (TRHA) to clone and sequence minute quantities of DNA-application to a 180 kb plasmid isolated from Sphingomonas F199 SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WHOLE GENOME AMPLIFICATION; DEEP-SUBSURFACE; PCR AB We have developed a novel method to clone and sequence minute quantities of DNA, The method was applied to sequence a 180 kb plasmid pNL1. The first step was the production of a size distributed population of DNA molecules that were derived from the 180 kb plasmid pNL1, The first step was accomplished by a random synthesis reaction using Klenow fragment and random hexamers tagged with a T7 primer at the primer 5'-end (T7-dN(6), 5'-GTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCNNNNNN-3'), In the second step, Klenow-synthesized molecules were amplified by PCR using T7 primer (5'-GTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC-3'). With a hundred nanograms starting plasmid DNA from pNL1, we were able to generate Klenow-synthesized molecules with sizes ranging from 28 bp to > 23 kb which were detectable on an agarose gel, The Klenow-synthesized molecules were then used as templates for standard PCR with T7 primer, PCR products of sizes ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 kb were obtained for cloning and sequencing, From the same Klenow-synthesized molecules, we were also able to generate PCR products with sizes up to 23 kb by long range PCR. A total 232.5 kb sequences were obtained from 593 plasmid clones and over twenty putative genes were identified, Sequences from these 593 clones were assembled into 62 contigs and 99 individual sequence fragments with a total unique sequence of 86.3 kb. RP Wong, KK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,MOL BIOSCI DEPT,P7-56,POB 999,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. OI Wong, Kwong-Kwok/0000-0002-0375-6669 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 24 IS 19 BP 3778 EP 3783 DI 10.1093/nar/24.19.3778 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VM240 UT WOS:A1996VM24000017 PM 8871558 ER PT J AU Palmer, BJ Drost, MK Welty, JR AF Palmer, BJ Drost, MK Welty, JR TI Comparison of equation of transfer with simulations on large arrays of cylindrical reflector elements SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART B-FUNDAMENTALS LA English DT Article ID KINETIC-THEORY AB The suitability of modeling an array of fixed, discrete surfaces as a homogeneous medium is investigated by comparing a Monte Carlo simulation of the equation of transfer for the homogeneous medium with the results of a Monte Carlo model of the array as discrete elements. The results show that when ordered arrays are considered, the assumptions underlying the equation of transfer are violated, and simulation results differ significantly from the discrete model. The results indicate that great care must be used when assuming that a regular array can be modeled as a homogeneous medium. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DIV ENERGY, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH ENGN, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. RP Palmer, BJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 1040-7790 J9 NUMER HEAT TR B-FUND JI Numer Heat Tranf. B-Fundam. PD OCT-NOV PY 1996 VL 30 IS 3 BP 271 EP 289 DI 10.1080/10407799608915083 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA VQ382 UT WOS:A1996VQ38200002 ER PT J AU Hora, H Scheid, W Boreham, BW Hopfl, R Bolton, PR Ho, YK AF Hora, H Scheid, W Boreham, BW Hopfl, R Bolton, PR Ho, YK TI Diagnostics of picosecond laser pulses using non-linear forces of ponderomotive dynamics SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SUPERPOSITION; ELECTRONS; VACUUM AB Experiments on electron acceleration by lasers in vacuum have shown that the approximate description of the acceleration by a ponderomotive potential can be extended to a quiver drift description, This more general description is necessary when the general non-linear forces no longer permit a conservative ponderomotive potential. One consequence is that for the simplified conditions of the interaction of an electron beam with a laser beam a modification results in which the electron energy is up or down shifted due to the stochastic phase variation during interaction, Further, an axial displacement of the electron is derived which can be applied to analyse the filamentation (hot spot) properties of picosecond or shorter laser pulses. C1 UNIV GIESSEN,INST THEORET PHYS,D-36392 GIESSEN,GERMANY. UNIV CENT QUEENSLAND,ROCKHAMPTON,QLD 4702,AUSTRALIA. FACHSCH REGENSBURG,D-93025 REGENSBURG,GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. FUDAN UNIV,SHANGHAI 200433,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Hora, H (reprint author), UNIV NEW S WALES,DEPT THEORET PHYS,SYDNEY,NSW 2052,AUSTRALIA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 130 IS 4-6 BP 283 EP 287 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00285-4 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA VH674 UT WOS:A1996VH67400013 ER PT J AU Medecki, H Tejnil, E Goldberg, KA Bokor, J AF Medecki, H Tejnil, E Goldberg, KA Bokor, J TI Phase-shifting point diffraction interferometer SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We describe a novel interferometer design suitable for highly accurate measurement of wave-front aberrations over a wide range of wavelengths, from visible to x ray. The new design, based on the point diffraction interferometer, preserves the advantages of the conventional point diffraction interferometer but offers higher efficiency and improved accuracy through phase shifting. These qualities make it applicable to at-wavelength testing of many optical systems, including short-wavelength projection lithography optics. A visible-light prototype was built and operated. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Medecki, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 8 TC 125 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 19 BP 1526 EP 1528 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001526 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA VK950 UT WOS:A1996VK95000002 PM 19881713 ER PT J AU vanGeen, A Fairbanks, RG Dartnell, P McGann, M Gardner, JV Kashgarian, M AF vanGeen, A Fairbanks, RG Dartnell, P McGann, M Gardner, JV Kashgarian, M TI Ventilation changes in the northeast Pacific during the last deglaciation SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; DEEP-OCEAN CIRCULATION; CARBON-ISOTOPE; INTERMEDIATE WATERS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EARLY HOLOCENE; YOUNGER DRYAS; C-14 AGES; CADMIUM; RECORD AB Under present climate conditions, convection at high latitudes of the North Pacific is restricted to shallower depths than in the North Atlantic. To what extent this asymmetry between the two ocean basins was maintained over the past 20 kyr is poorly known because there are few unambiguous proxy records of ventilation from the North Pacific. We present new data for two sediment cores from the California margin at 800 and 1600 m depth to argue that the depth of ventilation shifted repeatedly in the northeast Pacific over the course of deglaciation. The evidence includes benthic foraminiferal Cd/Ca, O-18/O-16, and C-13/C-12 data as well as radiocarbon age differences between benthic and planktonic foraminifera. A number of features in the shallower of the two cores, including an interval of laminated sediments, are consistent with changes in ventilation over the past 20 kyr suggested by alternations between laminated and bioturbated sediments in the Santa Barbara Basin and the Gulf of California [Keigwin and Jones, 1990; Kennett and Ingram, 1995; Behl and Kennett, 1996]. Data from the deeper of the two California margin cores suggest that during times of reduced ventilation at 800 m, ventilation was enhanced at 1600 m depth, and vice versa. This pronounced depth dependence of ventilation needs to be taken into account when exploring potential teleconnections between the North Pacific and the North Atlantic. C1 US GEOL SURVEY,MENLO PK,CA 94025. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 92717. RP vanGeen, A (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,LAMONT DOHERTY GEOL OBSERV,PALISADES,NY 10964, USA. RI Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011 OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418 NR 47 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0883-8305 J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY JI Paleoceanography PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 5 BP 519 EP 528 DI 10.1029/96PA01860 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology GA VU301 UT WOS:A1996VU30100002 ER PT J AU Clark, PU Alley, RB Keigwin, LD Licciardi, JM Johnsen, SJ Wang, HX AF Clark, PU Alley, RB Keigwin, LD Licciardi, JM Johnsen, SJ Wang, HX TI Origin of the first global meltwater pulse following the last glacial maximum SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID LAURENTIDE ICE-SHEET; ATLANTIC THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE RECORDS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; YOUNGER DRYAS; HEINRICH EVENTS; DEEP CIRCULATION; GREENLAND ICE; LABRADOR SEA; DETRITAL CARBONATE AB Well-dated sea level records show that the glacioeustatic rise following the last glacial maximum was characterized by two or possibly three brief intervals of rapid sea level rise separating periods with much lower rates. These very high rates of sea level rise indicate periods of exceptionally rapid deglaciation of remaining ice sheets. The Laurentide Ice Sheet is commonly targeted as the source of the first, and largest, of the meltwater pulses (mwp-IA between similar to 14,200 (12,200 C-14 years B.P.) and 13,700 years ago (11,700 C-14 years B.P.)). In all oceanic records of deglaciation of the former northern hemisphere ice sheets that we review, only those from the Gulf of Mexico and the Bermuda Rise show evidence of low delta(18)O values at the time of mwp-IA, identifying the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet as a potential source for mwp-IA. We question this source for mwp-IA, however, because (1) ice sheet models suggest that this sector of the ice sheet contributed only a fraction (<10%) of the sea level needed for mwp-IA, (2) melting this sector of the ice sheet at the necessary rate to explain mwp-IA is physically implausible, and (3) ocean models predict a much stronger thermohaline response to the inferred freshwater pulse out of the Mississippi River into the North Atlantic than is recorded. This leaves the Antarctic Ice Sheet as the only other ice sheet capable of delivering enough sea level to explain mwp-IA, but there are currently no well-dated high-resolution records to document this hypothesis. These conclusions suggest that reconstructions of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the ICE-4G model, which are constrained to match the sea level record, may be too low for time periods younger than 15,000 years ago. Furthermore, delta(18)O records from the Gulf of Mexico show variable fluxes of meltwater from the southern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet which can be traced to the opening and closing of eastward draining glacial-lake outlets associated with surging ice sheet behavior. These variable fluxes through eastern outlets were apparently sufficient to affect formation of North Atlantic Deep Water, thus underscoring the sensitivity of this process to changes in freshwater forcing. C1 PENN STATE UNIV, CTR EARTH SYST SCI, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOSCI, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV COPENHAGEN, NIELS BOHR INST, DEPT GEOPHYS, DK-2200 COPENHAGEN N, DENMARK. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. UNIV ICELAND, INST SCI, DEPT GEOPHYS, IS-107 REYKJAVIK, ICELAND. RP OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT GEOSCI, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. NR 104 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0883-8305 EI 1944-9186 J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY JI Paleoceanography PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 5 BP 563 EP 577 DI 10.1029/96PA01419 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology GA VU301 UT WOS:A1996VU30100006 ER PT J AU Hagege, S Dahmen, U AF Hagege, S Dahmen, U TI Morphology, structure and thermal behaviour of small eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions in aluminium SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION; AL MATRIX; SOLIDIFICATION AB Small inclusions of eutectic Pb-Cd embedded in a solid Al matrix have been produced by melt spinning and investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Inclusions were found to be phase separated into two parts, one fee and Pb rich, and the other hcp and Cd rich. The two phases maintained an orientation relationship of parallel close-packed planes and directions with each other and with the fee Al matrix. The inclusion shape was anisotropic and each segment displayed facets typical for pure Pb and Cd inclusions found in binary Al-Pb and Al-Cd alloys. Within the observed size range 5-100nm, particles exhibited a single Pb-Cd interface, invariably parallel to the shared close-packed plane. The bimetal inclusions were found to melt at the eutectic bulk melting point regardless of size. Melting was initiated at the triple interface junction of Cd, Pb and Al. By comparison, solidification during cooling required an undercooling of about 35 degrees C and took place very rapidly in less than 1/30s. The volume change during solidification led to an elastic distortion of the surrounding matrix which subsequently decayed over a period of 20 s. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Hagege, S (reprint author), CNRS,CTR ETUD CHIM MET,VITRY SUR SEINE,FRANCE. NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 74 IS 4 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1080/095008396180209 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA VK365 UT WOS:A1996VK36500007 ER PT J AU Peters, T AF Peters, T TI Measuring device SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Letter RP Peters, T (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 73 EP 73 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA VL139 UT WOS:A1996VL13900034 ER PT J AU Hoover, WG Hess, S AF Hoover, WG Hess, S TI Equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermomechanics for an effective pair potential used in smooth particle applied mechanics SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; KINETIC-THEORY; FLUID; VISCOSITY; FLOWS AB The smooth-particle weighting functions used in numerical solutions of the thermomechanical continuum equations can be interpreted as weak pair potentials from the standpoint of statistical physics. We examine both equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermomechanical properties of many-body systems using a typical smooth particle potential, Lucy's, and discuss the implications for macroscopic continuum simulations. C1 TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST THEORET PHYS,D-10623 BERLIN,GERMANY. RP Hoover, WG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 231 IS 4 BP 425 EP 438 DI 10.1016/0378-4371(96)00221-X PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ905 UT WOS:A1996VJ90500007 ER PT J AU Rickert, M Nagel, K Schreckenberg, M Latour, A AF Rickert, M Nagel, K Schreckenberg, M Latour, A TI Two lane traffic simulations using cellular automata SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article ID 2-LANE ROADWAY; FLOW MODEL; TRANSITION AB We examine a simple two-lane cellular automaton based upon the single-lane CA introduced by Nagel and Schreckenberg. We point out important parameters defining the shape of the fundamental diagram. Moreover we investigate the importance of stochastic elements with respect to real life traffic. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TSA,DOSA,MS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV COLOGNE,INST THEORET PHYS,D-50923 COLOGNE,GERMANY. GERHARD MERCATOR UNIV DUISBURG,FB 10,D-47048 DUISBURG,GERMANY. RP Rickert, M (reprint author), UNIV COLOGNE,CTR PARALLEL COMP,D-50923 COLOGNE,GERMANY. NR 26 TC 202 Z9 220 U1 6 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 231 IS 4 BP 534 EP 550 DI 10.1016/0378-4371(95)00442-4 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ905 UT WOS:A1996VJ90500017 ER PT J AU DeWitt, H Slattery, W Chabrier, G AF DeWitt, H Slattery, W Chabrier, G TI Numerical simulation of strongly coupled binary ionic plasmas SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Complex Fluids and Plasmas CY SEP 18-21, 1995 CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS SP Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, Kiev, Taras Shevchenko Kiev Univ, Inst High Temperature, Dutch Org Sci Res, Royal Dutch Acad Sci, Ctr Fluid Mech J M Burgers Centrum HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL DE binary ionic plasmas; numerical simulation ID STATE; EQUATION; MIXTURES; MATTER AB New lengthy Monte Carlo simulations of the energy equation of state of binary ionic mixture fluids in a uniform background show that deviations from the linear mixing rule are small, positive, and nearly constant as a function of Gamma. Deviations from linear mixing for the Helmholtz free energy are positive and behave an In Gamma. Quantitative results are obtained from the correction to the thermonuclear reaction rate. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. ECOLE NORMALE SUPER LYON,F-69364 LYON,FRANCE. RP DeWitt, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 7 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD OCT PY 1996 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 26 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VU640 UT WOS:A1996VU64000004 ER PT J AU Fukumoto, Y Wiesmann, HJ Suenaga, M Haldar, P AF Fukumoto, Y Wiesmann, HJ Suenaga, M Haldar, P TI Comparison of magnetically induced and transport current ac losses in silver-sheathed (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 tapes SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE critical current density; flux pinning; applications of high-T-c superconductors ID COMPOSITE TAPES AB A quantitative comparison has been made for ac losses at power frequencies, which were determined by a magnetically induced technique and a transport current technique, for silver-sheathed (BiSb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 tapes. A meaningful comparison of these losses can be made based on the normalized currents (with respect to the respective deduced critical current) rather than the amplitudes of surface magnetic fields. Then, the intrinsic difference in the losses is shown to originate from a geometrical factor and a difference in the deduced critical currents. The discrepancy in the critical currents arises from the facts that the directions of penetrating magnetic field to the tape face are different in these cases and the critical currents are highly dependent on the field direction. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,LATHAM,NY 12110. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 269 IS 3-4 BP 349 EP 353 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00465-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VN258 UT WOS:A1996VN25800024 ER PT J AU Glatzmaier, GA Roberts, PH AF Glatzmaier, GA Roberts, PH TI An anelastic evolutionary geodynamo simulation driven by compositional and thermal convection SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article ID ROTATING SPHERICAL-SHELL; COMPRESSIBLE CONVECTION; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; EQUATIONS; FIELD; CORE; INFINITE; MANTLE; MODEL; FLUID AB We have extended our geodynamo simulation 40000 years using a more realistic representation of the thermodynamics and convection. The anelastic approximation replaces the Boussinesq approximation; and compositional buoyancy, in addition to thermal buoyancy, drives convection in the fluid outer core. Boundary conditions at the inner core boundary model the freezing of the heavy constituent onto the solid inner core and the release of the light constituent into the fluid outer core. The resulting simulated magnetic field has a strongly dipole dominated structure outside the core, similar to the Earth's field, so far displaying no tendency to reverse its dipole polarity. The non-dipolar structure of the field at the core-mantle boundary is also quite similar to the Earth's, including the rate of its general westward drift. As in our original simulation, the solid inner core typically rotates about 1 degrees/yr faster than the mantle, in agreement with recent seismic studies of the Earth. This three-dimensional self-consistent solution seems to be simulating the stable regime of the geodynamo between reversals. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 35 TC 137 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 EI 1872-8022 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 97 IS 1-3 BP 81 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(96)00100-5 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA VK366 UT WOS:A1996VK36600006 ER PT J AU Schumacher, B AF Schumacher, B TI Sending entanglement through noisy quantum channels SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID THEOREM; STATES AB This paper addresses some general questions of quantum information theory arising from the transmission of quantum entanglement through (possibly noisy) quantum channels. A pure entangled state is prepared of a pair of systems R and Q after which Q is subjected to a dynamical evolution given by the superoperator epsilon(Q). Two interesting quantities can be defined for this process. the entanglement fidelity, F-e and the entropy exchange S-e. It turns out that neither of there quantities depends in any way on the system R, but only on the initial state and dynamical evolution of Q. E(e) and S-e are related to various other fidelities and entropies and are connected by an inequality reminiscent of the Fano inequality of classical information theory. Some insight can be gained from these techniques into the security or quantum cryptographic protocols and the nature of quantum error-correcting codes. C1 KENYON COLL,DEPT PHYS,GAMBIER,OH 43022. RP Schumacher, B (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-6 MS B288,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 36 TC 473 Z9 489 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2614 EP 2628 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.2614 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500018 ER PT J AU Schumacher, B Nielsen, MA AF Schumacher, B Nielsen, MA TI Quantum data processing and error correction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB This paper investigates properties of noisy quantum information channels. We define a quantity called coherent information, which measures the amount of quantum information conveyed in the noisy channel. This quantity can never be increased by quantum information processing, and it yields a simple necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of perfect quantum error correction. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. KENYON COLL,DEPT PHYS,GAMBIER,OH 43022. RP Schumacher, B (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR ADV STUDIES,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 18 TC 303 Z9 312 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2629 EP 2635 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.2629 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500019 ER PT J AU Reed, KJ Chen, MH AF Reed, KJ Chen, MH TI Distorted-wave cross sections for electron-impact ionization of Ar7+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; LITHIUM-LIKE IONS; NA-LIKE IONS; EXCITATION-AUTOIONIZATION; C-3+ IONS; AUGER; EMISSION; FE-15+; RATES; AR-7+ AB Distorted-wave methods have been used to calculate cross sections for electron-impact ionization of sodiumlike Ar7+ for collision energies ranging from near threshold to 1 keV. We included contributions due to excitation-autoionization and resonant excitation-double autoionization (REDA), as well as the contributions from direct ionization of the 3s electron and the n = 2 inner-shell electrons. We find that the effects of radiative damping and loss channels reduce the REDA contributions by a factor of 4. We compare our calculated results to experimental results and to theoretical cross sections obtained in a close-coupling approximation. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, ATOM PROC GRP, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2967 EP 2972 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.2967 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500060 ER PT J AU Mojarrabi, B Campbell, L Teubner, PJO Brunger, MJ Cartwright, DC AF Mojarrabi, B Campbell, L Teubner, PJO Brunger, MJ Cartwright, DC TI Differential and integral cross sections for excitation of the electronic states of nitric oxide by low-energy electron impact: Observation of a (2)Pi(r)->(2)Phi excitation process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NO; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCES; MOLECULE; SYSTEM; N-2 AB Low-energy (E(0) = 15-40 eV), high-energy-resolution, electron-energy-loss spectra of nitric oxide (NO) have been measured and spectrally deconvolved. This process yielded direct absolute differential cross sections (DCS) for electron-impact excitation of the electronic states of the NO molecule. integration of these DCS gives integral cross sections (ICS), which confirm earlier estimates that the magnitudes of the NO ICS are one to two orders smaller than the analogous transitions in N-2 and O-2. In this paper we present clear evidence for the observation of the L'(2) Phi electronic state, showing a (2) Pi(r)-->(2) Phi excitation transition in an electron-scattering experiment. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP FLINDERS UNIV S AUSTRALIA, DEPT PHYS, GPO BOX 2100, ADELAIDE, SA 5001, AUSTRALIA. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2977 EP 2982 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.2977 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500062 ER PT J AU Behar, E Mandelbaum, P Schwob, JL BarShalom, A Oreg, J Goldstein, WH AF Behar, E Mandelbaum, P Schwob, JL BarShalom, A Oreg, J Goldstein, WH TI Dielectronic recombination rate coefficients for highly ionized Ni-like atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID AUTOIONIZATION; EXCITATION; IONS AB Ab initio calculations of the total dielectronic recombination (DR) rate coefficients far ten ions along the Ni I isoelectronic sequence in the ground state (Mo14+, Ag19+, Xe26+, Pr31+, Gd36+, Dy38+, Ta45+, Au51+, Al57+, and U64+) have been performed using the HULLAC computer code package. Resonant and nonresonant stabilizing radiative transitions were included. Collisional transitions following electron capture were neglected, The present level-by-level calculations include the contributions of all the levels (over 17 000) belonging to the following Cu-like inner-shell excited configurations: 3d(9)4ln'l' (n'less than or equal to 9), 3p(5)3d(10)4ln'l' (n'less than or equal to 5), and 3s3p(6)3d(10)4ln'l' (n'less than or equal to 5). The configuration complexes with a hole in the 3p inner shell contribute about 10% to the total DR rate coefficients and the complexes with the hole in the 3s inner shell about 1%. The contributions of 3d(9)4ln'l' for n'>9 were evaluated by extrapolation, applying an n(-3) scaling, which was checked fur the specific Ta45+ case. it is shown that at electron temperatures higher than half the ionization energy E(l)(Cu) of the Cu-like ion, the Burgess-Merts (BM) semiempirical formula can provide DR results with an accuracy better than +/-20% for the relatively heavy ions (Z>54), whereas-for the lighter ions it leads to an underestimation of up to a factor 2 (fur Mo). Oil the other hand, al low electron temperature: [kT(e)<0.3E(l)(Cu)] the BM approximation underestimates the DR rate coefficients by up to a few orders of magnitude and its temperature dependence is completely inadequate. C1 NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Behar, E (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,RACAH INST PHYS,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. NR 16 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3070 EP 3077 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.3070 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500074 ER PT J AU Stromholm, C Semaniak, J Rosen, S Danared, H Datz, S vanderZande, W Larsson, M AF Stromholm, C Semaniak, J Rosen, S Danared, H Datz, S vanderZande, W Larsson, M TI Dissociative recombination and dissociative excitation of (HeH+)-He-4: Absolute cross sections and mechanisms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ION STORAGE-RINGS; HEH+; ELECTRONS; STATE AB Absolute cross sections have been determined for the dissociative recombination and dissociative excitation of (HeH+)-He-4 electron energies below 30 eV. The dissociative recombination cross section is in semiquantitative agreement with recent theoretical results by Sarpal, Tennyson, and Morgan [J. Phys. B 27, 5943 (1994)] and Guberman [Phys. Rev. A 49, R-1277 (1994); in XIXth International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions, Whistler, Canada, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 360, edited by L. J. Dube, J. B, A. Mitchell, J. W. McConkey, and C. E. Brion (AIP, New York, 1995), p. 307], The calculated resonant structure below a collision energy of 1 eV was not fully reproduced by the experiment, The quantum states of the dissociative recombination products at 0 eV collision energy have been determined; ground-slate helium and excited hydrogen atoms (n=2) are dominantly formed, in agreement with recent predictions by Guberman. The dissociative excitation has an onset around 10 eV and follows the shape of the dissociative recombination cross section, illustrating that both processes start with the formation of doubly excited neutral slates that lie in the ionization continuum as well as in the dissociation continuum. The dissociative excitation cross section is in quite good agreement with recent calculations by Orel and Kulander. C1 UNIV STOCKHOLM,MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB,S-10405 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. FOM,INST ATOM & MOL PHYS,NL-1098 SJ AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. RP Stromholm, C (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,KTH,DEPT PHYS 1,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. NR 30 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3086 EP 3094 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.3086 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500076 ER PT J AU McGuire, JH Wang, J Burgdorfer, J AF McGuire, JH Wang, J Burgdorfer, J TI Relating data for charged particle scattering, photoannihilation, and Compton scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS; SINGLE-IONIZATION; DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; EXCITATION-IONIZATION; HELIUM; HE; RATIO AB A relation is proposed to compare data for thr ratio IZ of cross sections far double ionization (or ionization excitation) (sigma(2)) to that for single ionization (sigma(1)) caused by charged particles (Z), photoannihilation (PE), and Compton (C) scattering. The relation is R(Z)(epsilon)=f(Z,d)(epsilon)R(PE)+[1-f(Z,d)(epsilon)]R(C)(epsilon). Here, R(epsilon)=(d sigma(2)/d epsilon)/(d sigma(1)/d epsilon), R=sigma(2)/sigma(1), and R(C)(epsilon) is the ratio oi cross sections for Compton scattering; epsilon is the energy transferred to the system by the projectile; and f(Z,d)(epsilon) is the dipole fraction of the energy distribution p(Z)(epsilon)=(d sigma(Z)(1)/d epsilon)/sigma(Z)(1) for single ionization. We have evaluated f(Z,d)(epsilon) so that only ratios of cross sections at high energies need be observed experimentally to test this relation. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP McGuire, JH (reprint author), TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3668 EP 3670 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.3668 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VM255 UT WOS:A1996VM25500145 ER PT J AU Monge, MA Pareja, R Gonzalez, R Chen, Y AF Monge, MA Pareja, R Gonzalez, R Chen, Y TI Positron bound states on hydride ions in thermochemically reduced MgO single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION; HYDROGEN AB Positron-lifetime and Doppler-broadening techniques were used to unambiguously identify positronium hydrides in thermochemically reduced MgO crystals at low temperatures. Positrons trapped at H- ions, forming PsH, yield a lifetime of (640+/-40) ps, independent of temperature. Complementary evidence for this identification was provided by Doppler-broadening experiments, in which positrons were trapped at H2- sites at low temperatures. The H2- ions were formed via H-+e(-)-->H2- by the capturing of an electron released from Fe+ impurity under blue-light stimulation. C1 US DOE,DIV MAT SCI,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,ER 131,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Monge, MA (reprint author), UNIV CARLOS III MADRID,DEPT FIS,C BUTARQUE 15,LEGANES 28911,SPAIN. OI Monge, Miguel A./0000-0002-0425-6789 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 8950 EP 8953 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.8950 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000002 ER PT J AU McCluskey, MD Hsu, L Wang, L Haller, EE AF McCluskey, MD Hsu, L Wang, L Haller, EE TI Infrared absorption of solid nitrogen at high pressures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND ANVIL CELL; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; RAMAN; N-2; CO; TEMPERATURES; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; GPA AB We have observed infrared absorption peaks in solid nitrogen at hydrostatic pressures as high as 7 GPa at liquid-helium temperatures. The shift in the AlSb:C-12(Sb) local vibrational mode is used to precisely calibrate the pressure. For all measured pressures we also observe the nu(3) vibrational mode of CO2 impurities. For pressures greater than 1.9 GPa, a peak appears which we attribute to a N-N stretch mode of nitrogen in the epsilon phase. The single peak is consistent with previous x-ray and Raman studies which suggest that epsilon-N-2 has a structure which belongs to the rhombohedral space group R (3) over bar C. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP McCluskey, MD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 8962 EP 8964 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.8962 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000005 ER PT J AU Boettger, JC Wills, JM AF Boettger, JC Wills, JM TI Theoretical structural phase stability of BeO to 1 TPa SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; CRYSTAL; SYSTEMS AB The equation of state and structural phase stability of BeO have been calculated for pressures up to 1 TPa using two all-electron, full-potential electronic-structure techniques; one using a linear muffin-tin orbital basis and the other a linear combination of Gaussian type orbitals basis. Both methods predict an as yet unobserved series of phase transitions, wurtzite-->zinc blende-->rocksalt, with the final transition at about 95 GPa. This nearly exact local-density approximation result disagrees with all earlier, more approximate, calculations by at least 40%. A theoretical Hugoniot, consistent with shock wave data up to 100 GPa, has been generated for BeO using electronic-structure results. RP Boettger, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 8965 EP 8968 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.8965 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000006 ER PT J AU Yu, YM Muller, G Viswanath, VS AF Yu, YM Muller, G Viswanath, VS TI Dimer and Neel order-parameter fluctuations in the spin-fluid phase of the s=1/2 spin chain with first- and second-neighbor couplings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; ANTI-FERROMAGNETIC CHAIN; TRANSVERSE ISING CHAIN; GROUND-STATE; ZERO-TEMPERATURE; HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; COMPETING INTERACTIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EQUATION; SYSTEMS AB The dynamical properties at T = 0 of the one-dimensional (1D) s = 1/2 nearest-neighbor (NN) XXZ model with an additional isotropic next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) coupling are investigated by means of the recursion method in combination with a weak-coupling continued-fraction analysis. The focus is on the dynamic structure factors S-zz(q,omega) and S-DD(q,omega), which describe (for q = pi) the fluctuations of the Neel and dimer order parameters, respectively. We calculate the dependence on the exchange constants of the infrared exponent, the renormalized bandwidth of spinon excitations, and the spectral-weight distribution in S-zz(pi,omega) and S-DD(pi, omega), all in the spin-fluid phase, which is realized for planar NN anisotropy and sufficiently weak NNN coupling. For some parameter values we find a discrete branch of excitations above the spinon continuum. They contribute to S-zz(q,omega) but not to S-DD(q,omega). C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP UNIV RHODE ISL, DEPT PHYS, KINGSTON, RI 02881 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 9242 EP 9249 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9242 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000054 ER PT J AU Lane, PA Shinar, J Yoshino, K AF Lane, PA Shinar, J Yoshino, K TI Photoluminescence-detected magnetic-resonance study of fullerene-doped pi-conjugated polymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CONDUCTING POLYMER; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; C-60; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; LUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; POLY(PARAPHENYLENEVINYLENE); POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE) AB X-band photoluminescence (PL)-detected magnetic resonance (PLDMR) spectra of C-60- and C-(70)-doped 2,5-dihexoxy poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (DHO-PPV), 2,5-dibutoxy poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) (DBO-PPE), and poly(3-dodecylthiophene) (P3DT) are described and discussed. While light doping of DHO-PPV by both fullerenes quenches the PL, both the polaron and triplet exciton resonances are dramatically enhanced. This is attributed to the creation of conformational defects which enhance the fission of 1(1)B(u) singlet excitons to polaron pairs and intersystem crossing to 1(3)B(u), triplet excitons. The triplet resonance in all polymers is quenched at relatively low doping levels of C-60 and C-70 which is attributed to quenching of triplets by positive polarons injected onto the polymer chain. Increased doping by C-60, but not C-70, quenches the polaron resonance, also due to photoinduced charge transfer. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. OSAKA UNIV,FAC ENGN,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. RP Lane, PA (reprint author), US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 9308 EP 9313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9308 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000063 ER PT J AU Freericks, JK Mahan, GD AF Freericks, JK Mahan, GD TI Strong-coupling expansions for the anharmonic Holstein model and for the Holstein-Hubbard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INFINITE DIMENSIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ATTRACTION; SYMMETRY; SYSTEMS; STATE AB A strong-coupling expansion is applied to the anharmonic Holstein model and to the Holstein-Hubbard model through fourth order in the hopping matrix element. Mean-field theory is then employed to determine transition temperatures of the effective (pseudospin) Hamiltonian. We find that anharmonic effects are not easily mimicked by an on-site Coulomb repulsion and that anharmonicity strongly favors superconductivity relative to charge-density-wave order. Surprisingly, the phase diagram is strongly modified by relatively small values of the anharmonicity. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Freericks, JK (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20057 USA. RI Freericks, James/D-7502-2011; OI Freericks, James/0000-0002-6232-9165 NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 9372 EP 9384 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9372 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000073 ER PT J AU Corti, M Suh, BJ Tabak, F Rigamonti, A Borsa, F Xu, M Dabrowski, B AF Corti, M Suh, BJ Tabak, F Rigamonti, A Borsa, F Xu, M Dabrowski, B TI Flux-line dynamics in YBa2Cu4O8 from Y-89 NMR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ANISOTROPY; VORTICES; STATE AB Measurements of the Y-89 NMR linewidth Delta nu and spin-lattice relaxation rate T-1(-1) have been performed in an oriented powder sample of YBa2Cu4O8 (T-c = 81 K) for both H-0 parallel to c and H-0 perpendicular to(c) at H-0 = 9.4 and 5.9 T. Evidence for the effects of thermal motion of flux lines (FL's) below T-c is presented and the microscopic correlation times of the FL motion are derived by using a simple model. From the temperature and field dependence of T-l(-1) an effective correlation time tau(e) describing the pseudodiffusion of two-dimensional (2D) pancake vortices is extracted. The effective activation energy of the FL motion is found to be inversely proportional to the magnetic field, supporting the similar conclusion recently obtained in HgBa2CuO4+delta. From the temperature dependence of ay another correlation time tau, different from tau(e), is obtained. It is argued that the correlation times derived from Delta nu and T-l(-1), respectively, refer to different motional regimes below and above the irreversibility temperature T-irr. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. HACETTEPE UNIV,DEPT ENGN PHYS,TR-06532 ANKARA,TURKEY. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP Corti, M (reprint author), INFM,DEPT PHYS A VOLTA,VIA BASSI 6,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. NR 20 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 9469 EP 9474 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9469 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000084 ER PT J AU Le, LP Heffner, RH MacLaughlin, DE Kojima, K Luke, GM Nachumi, B Uemura, YJ Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Le, LP Heffner, RH MacLaughlin, DE Kojima, K Luke, GM Nachumi, B Uemura, YJ Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z TI Magnetic behavior in Li-doped La2CuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MUON-SPIN-ROTATION; SUPERCONDUCTING LA2-XSRXCUO4; RELAXATION; PURE; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; RESISTIVITY; COPPER; OXIDE; FIELD; TC AB We report muon-spin-relaxation studies in the Li-doped cuprates La2Cu1-xLixO4 for x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.45, and 0.50. For low Li concentrations (x less than or equal to 0.10) we find a rapid suppression of T-N as x increases, but little change in the magnitude and temperature dependence of the antiferromagnetic order parameter. This indicates that Li doping effectively destroys antiferromagnetism (similar to Sr doping, but different from Zn doping) without strongly affecting either the on-site Cu moments or the shape of the spin-wave excitation spectrum. For high Li concentrations we find that the majority of the sample volume is nonmagnetic, suggesting possible singlet-state formation. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE, DEPT PHYS, RIVERSIDE, CA 92521 USA. COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT PHYS, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV, NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Luke, Graeme/A-9094-2010; OI Luke, Graeme/0000-0003-4762-1173 NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 13 BP 9538 EP 9541 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9538 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM270 UT WOS:A1996VM27000093 ER PT J AU Regan, MJ Pershan, PS Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM Deutsch, M Berman, LE AF Regan, MJ Pershan, PS Magnussen, OM Ocko, BM Deutsch, M Berman, LE TI Capillary-wave roughening of surface-induced layering in liquid gallium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; VAPOR INTERFACE; FLUID INTERFACES; SCATTERING; MERCURY; CRYSTAL; METAL AB The temperature dependence of surface-induced atomic layering in liquid gallium has been investigated with x-ray reflectivity. The prominent layering peak at q(z)=2.4 Angstrom(-1) decreases dramatically upon heating from 22 to 170 degrees C, but its width stays, unexpectedly, unchanged. The decrease is traced to the temperature dependence of capillary-wave induced surface roughness. The constant width indicates a temperature-independent layering decay length. The measured layering amplitudes are found to be significantly underestimated by existing theory and molecular simulations. C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,IL-52100 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Regan, MJ (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,DIV APPL SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 22 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 9730 EP 9733 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9730 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600035 ER PT J AU McCormack, R deFontaine, D AF McCormack, R deFontaine, D TI First-principles study of multiple order-disorder transitions in Cd2AgAu Heusler alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CLUSTER INTERACTIONS; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; ENERGY CALCULATIONS; PAIR INTERACTIONS; STABILITY; SYSTEM AB The bcc-based Heusler alloys exhibit a series of order-disorder phase transitions as a function of temperature. The high-temperature phase is a disordered bcc solid solution, and the low-temperature phase is the Heusler structure. An intermediate ordered phase is also typically observed in real systems. A prototype cluster variation method (CVM) analysis is presented that shows that the relative stabilities of the Heusler and intermediate phases can vary continuously, depending on a fine balance between ordering tendencies in the constituent binary systems. Given these basic conclusions, a first-principles analysis of order-disorder transitions in Cd2AgAu was performed. A cluster expansion Hamiltonian was constructed based on a series of linearized muffin-tin orbital calculations in the atomic sphere approximation. CVM calculations were then performed in the ternary bce tetrahedron approximation. In addition to the transition temperatures. long-range order parameters. and sublattice occupations for Cd2AgAu, an isoplethal section of the ternary phase diagram was also calculated. In general, agreement with experiment is excellent, given the first-principles nature of the calculation. This study clearly demonstrates the ability of first-principles statistical-mechanical calculations to treat complex ordering phenomena in ternary systems. C1 DIV SCI MAT, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 9746 EP 9755 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9746 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600037 ER PT J AU Simopoulos, A Devlin, E Kostikas, A Jankowski, A Croft, M Tsakalakos, T AF Simopoulos, A Devlin, E Kostikas, A Jankowski, A Croft, M Tsakalakos, T TI Structure and enhanced magnetization in Fe/Pt multilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; INTERFACES; ANISOTROPY; MAGNETISM; SURFACES; ALLOYS AB A series of Fe/Pt multilayers, prepared by magnetron sputtering, were characterized by structural [x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray-absorption spectroscopy, extended x-ray-absorption fine structure, TEM] and magnetization techniques and extensively investigated by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The Fe layer thickness varied from 3 to 60 Angstrom and that of Pt from 5 to 39 Angstrom. The 3 Angstrom Fe/9 Angstrom Pt sample displays magnetic hyperfine structure at room temperature (RT) while the 3 Fe/19 Pt sample is paramagnetic at RT, demonstrating the effect of the interlayer interaction. Both samples display out of plane magnetic anisotropy with a 39 degrees angle with respect to the normal for the former and 20 degrees for the latter. As the Fe layer thickness increases the magnetic vector turns to the plane. Systematic analysis of the Mossbauer spectra of samples with increasing Fe layer thickness allowed the determination of the magnetic hyperfine field for each Fe monolayer within the Fe layer slab. Hyperfine fields larger than the bulk Fe value appear in all samples with Fe layer thickness larger than 3 A, and display an oscillatory dependence on the distance of the corresponding Fe monolayer from the interface. These hyperfine field values scale linearly with the average interplanar distance of the Fe layer derived from the refinement of the XRD data for each sample. Fe atomic magnetic moments determined from superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy measurements are also larger than the bulk Fe value, approaching it for large Fe layer thickness. The parameters determining the. enhancement of magnetization in the Fe/Pt system are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT CERAM, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. RP Simopoulos, A (reprint author), DEMOKRITOS NATL CTR SCI RES, INST SCI MAT, AGHIA PARASKEVI 15310, ATHENS, GREECE. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 9931 EP 9941 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9931 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600058 ER PT J AU Labouriau, A Kim, YW Earl, WL AF Labouriau, A Kim, YW Earl, WL TI Nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation in natural clays via paramagnetic centers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NMR; SMECTITES; RESONANCE; SI-29 AB Nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation time measurements were made on Si-29 nuclei in a series of 2:1 natural clay minerals. The magnetization recovery was found to he nonexponential. The nuclear relaxation arises from coupling to fixed paramagnetic impurities in the absence of spin diffusion. A theory is developed in which the nuclear spin relaxation behavior is expressed as an error function. These clays have very similar structures which allow the relative concentration of paramagnetic centers to be obtained from the fit of the magnetization recovery curves. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 9952 EP 9959 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9952 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600060 ER PT J AU Fukumoto, Y Zhu, Y Li, Q Wiesmann, HJ Suenaga, M Kaneko, T Sato, K Shibutani, K Hase, T Hayashi, S Simon, C AF Fukumoto, Y Zhu, Y Li, Q Wiesmann, HJ Suenaga, M Kaneko, T Sato, K Shibutani, K Hase, T Hayashi, S Simon, C TI Dimensionality and pinning of magnetic vortices in the c-axis aligned Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta and (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10/Ag tapes irradiated by 5.8-GeV Pb ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; CORRELATED DISORDER; BOSON LOCALIZATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FILMS; TEMPERATURES; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; LINE AB Powder-in-the Ag tube processed Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta and (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu2O10 tapes were irradiated with 5.8-GeV Pb ions along the tape normal for the ion fluences of 0.68, 1.0, and 2.0 X 10(11) cm(-1). The angular (theta) dependence of critical current densities J(c)(theta,B,T) for these tapes was measured at temperature T=27 K and 55-80 K, Cusplike sharp peaks in J(c)(theta,B,T) were observed for T greater than or equal to 55 K when the applied magnetic field B is oriented parallel to the direction of the irradiation (theta=90 degrees), and J(c)(theta) did not scale with the perpendicular component of B, (B-perpendicular to=B sin theta). Based on this evidence, it was concluded that the magnetic vortices behave as linelike (three-dimensional) rather than the pancakelike [two-dimensional (2D)] objects in these irradiated superconductors. However, at 27 K, neither the peaks in J(c)(theta) nor the scaling of J(c)(theta) with B-perpendicular to was observed. We attribute this to the increased strength of the isotropic pinning by the small irradiation-induced defect debris relative to that of the columns and due to the increased interlayer coupling strength at reduced temperature, but not as evidence for the pancakelike 2D vortices at low temperatures, Also, for T greater than or equal to 55 K, the enhancement in the pinning strength qualitatively followed the theory by Nelson and Vinokur [Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2398 (1992); Phys. Rev, B 48, 13 060 (1993)]. C1 SUMITOMO ELECT IND LTD,OSAKA 554,JAPAN. KOBE STEEL LTD,NISHI KU,KOBE 65122,JAPAN. INST SCI MAT & RAYONNEMENT,LAB CRISTALLOG & SCI MAT,CNRS,URSA,F-14050 CAEN,FRANCE. RP Fukumoto, Y (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 10210 EP 10217 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10210 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600091 ER PT J AU Ding, H Norman, MR Campuzano, JC Randeria, M Bellman, AF Yokoya, T Takahashi, T Mochiku, T Kadowaki, K AF Ding, H Norman, MR Campuzano, JC Randeria, M Bellman, AF Yokoya, T Takahashi, T Mochiku, T Kadowaki, K TI Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the superconducting gap anisotropy in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We report measurements of the momentum dependence of die superconducting gap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using a dense sampling of the Brillouin zone in the vicinity of the Fermi surface. In the Y quadrant of the zone, where there are no complications from ghost bands caused by the superlattice, we find a gap function consistent within error bats to the form cos(k(x))-cos(k(y)) expected for a d-wave order parameter. Similar results are found in the X quadrant with the photon polarization chosen to enhance main band emission over that due to ghost bands. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP Ding, H (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Takahashi, Takashi/E-5080-2010; Tohoku, Arpes/A-4890-2010; Campuzano, Juan Carlos/G-4358-2012; Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013; YOKOYA, Takayoshi/B-1478-2011 NR 14 TC 233 Z9 233 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP R9678 EP R9681 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600026 ER PT J AU Martin, RL AF Martin, RL TI Rehybridization and pairing in the cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MECHANISM; CLUSTER; LA2CUO4; MODEL AB The correlation effects associated with the formation of the local Zhang-Rice singlet are shown to lead to a bound pair of holes in a simple three-band cluster model of the cuprates. The symmetry of the pair function is d(x2)-(y2). The attractive interaction is generated by an occupation-dependent hopping integral deriving from the large U-d characteristic of these materials. Upon doping away from the antiferromagnet, this term drives strong Cu 3d-O 2p charge-transfer excitations, which lead to a dramatic rehybridization and resultant reduction in the local kinetic and Coulomb energy. RP Martin, RL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,MS B268,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP R9647 EP R9650 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600018 ER PT J AU McQueeney, RJ Egami, T Shirane, G Endoh, Y AF McQueeney, RJ Egami, T Shirane, G Endoh, Y TI Wide and asymmetric oxygen bond-stretching phonons in La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE; MODEL AB An inelastic-neutron-scattering study performed on a single crystal of superconducting La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 reveals that the highest longitudinal phonon mode at wave vector (pi,0) (planar oxygen bond-stretching mode), of which the frequency is strongly affected by hole doping, has a very wide and asymmetric line shape. This line shape is considered anomalous and cannot be explained by normal electron-phonon coupling (Fermi surface nesting) or a macroscopic inhomogeneous hole distribution. C1 UNIV PENN,RES STRUCT MATTER LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RP McQueeney, RJ (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP R9689 EP R9692 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600029 ER PT J AU Ross, M AF Ross, M TI Insulator-metal transition of fluid molecular hydrogen SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES QUASI-PARTICLE; SOLID HYDROGEN; MEGABAR PRESSURES; METALLIZATION AB Dynamically compressed fluid hydrogen shows evidence for metallization at the relatively low pressure of 140 GPa (1.4 Mbar) while experiments on solid hydrogen made in a diamond-anvil cell have failed to detect any evidence for gap closure up to a pressure of 230 GPa (2.3 Mbar). Two possible mechanisms for metalliclike resistivity are put forward. The first is that as a consequence of the large thermal disorder in the fluid (kT similar to 0.2-0.3 eV) short-range molecular interactions lead to band tailing that extends the band edge into the gap, resulting in closure at a lower pressure than in the solid. The second mechanism argues that molecular dissociation creates H atoms that behave similar to n-type donors in a heavily doped semiconductor and undergo a nonmetal-metal Mott-type transition. RP Ross, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 23 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP R9589 EP R9591 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600003 ER PT J AU Liou, MK Timmermans, R Gibson, BF AF Liou, MK Timmermans, R Gibson, BF TI Pauli principle in the soft-photon approach to proton-proton bremsstrahlung SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PP-BREMSSTRAHLUNG; COPLANAR AB A relativistic and manifestly gauge-invariant soft-photon amplitude, which is consistent with the soft-photon theorem and satisfies the Pauli principle, is derived for the proton-proton bremsstrahlung process. This soft-photon amplitude is the first two-u-two-t special amplitude to satisfy all theoretical constraints. The conventional Low amplitude can be obtained as a special case. It is demonstrated that previously proposed amplitudes for this process, both the (u,t) and (s,t) classes, violate the Pauli principle at some level. The origin of the Pauli principle violation is shown to come from two sources: (i) For the (s,t) class, the two-s-two-t amplitude transforms into the two-s-two-u amplitude under the interchange of two initial-state (or final-state) protons. (ii) For the (Id,t) class, the use of an internal emission amplitude determined from the gauge-invariance constraint alone, without imposition of the Pauli principle, causes a problem. The resulting internal emission amplitude can depend upon an electromagnetic factor which is not invariant under the interchange of the two protons. C1 CUNY BROOKLYN COLL,INST NUCL THEORY,BROOKLYN,NY 11210. UNIV GRONINGEN,KERNFYS VERSNELLER INST,NL-9747 AA GRONINGEN,NETHERLANDS. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Liou, MK (reprint author), CUNY BROOKLYN COLL,DEPT PHYS,BROOKLYN,NY 11210, USA. NR 14 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1574 EP 1584 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1574 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900010 ER PT J AU LaFosse, DR Sarantites, DG Baktash, C Asztalos, S Brinkman, MJ Cederwall, B Clark, RM Devlin, M Fallon, P Gross, CJ Jin, HQ Lee, IY Lerma, F Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, R Rudolph, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH AF LaFosse, DR Sarantites, DG Baktash, C Asztalos, S Brinkman, MJ Cederwall, B Clark, RM Devlin, M Fallon, P Gross, CJ Jin, HQ Lee, IY Lerma, F Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, R Rudolph, D Stracener, DW Yu, CH TI Search for hyperdeformation in Gd-146,Gd-147 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SUPERDEFORMED BAND; NUCLEI AB A search was undertaken to look for evidence of hyperdeformation in Gd-146,Gd-147. Three experiments employing Gammasphere for gamma-ray detection coupled with the Microball for channel selection via charged particle detection were carried out with increasing detection sensitivity and statistics. No definitive evidence for band structures that could be assigned to hyperdeformation could be found. Candidates previously reported are shown not to have properties consistent with a band structure. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ROYAL INST TECHNOL,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. RP LaFosse, DR (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CHEM,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013; Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656 NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1585 EP 1588 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1585 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900011 ER PT J AU Schnare, H LaFosse, DR Fossan, DB Hughes, JR Vaska, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Wadsworth, R Janzen, VP Radford, DC Mullins, SM Beausang, CW Paul, ES DeGraaf, J Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I AF Schnare, H LaFosse, DR Fossan, DB Hughes, JR Vaska, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Wadsworth, R Janzen, VP Radford, DC Mullins, SM Beausang, CW Paul, ES DeGraaf, J Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I TI Smooth termination of intruder bands in Sb-109(51) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; CLOSED-SHELL; COLLECTIVITY; ISOTOPES; I-113 AB Intruder rotational bands have been investigated to high frequency in Sb-109(51). Five decoupled (Delta I = 2) bands extending to rotational frequencies above 1.4 MeV/h have been observed. At the highest frequencies, the J((2)) dynamic moments of inertia for four of these bands are seen to decrease steadily to unexpectedly low values, J((2)) similar to 10 h(2) MeV(-1). These four bands, which are interpreted as being based on deformed 2p-2h proton excitations across the Z = 50 closed-shell gap, achieve the so-called ''smooth band termination'' following alignment of the valence nucleons outside of Sn-109. In addition, two strongly coupled (Delta I = 1) bands have been observed, which are related to 1p-1h proton excitations across the gap. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV YORK,DEPT PHYS,YORK YO1 5DD,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. ATOM ENERGY CANADA LTD,CHALK RIVER LABS,CHALK RIVER,ON K0J 1J0,CANADA. MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT PHYS,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LUND UNIV,DEPT MATH PHYS,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; radford, David/A-3928-2015 NR 27 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1598 EP 1609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1598 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900014 ER PT J AU Gupta, M Das, P Patel, SB Bhowmik, RK Werner, T Akovali, YA AF Gupta, M Das, P Patel, SB Bhowmik, RK Werner, T Akovali, YA TI Single-particle states in Dy-149(66)83 at high spin SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATIONS; DEFORMATIONS; DY-152; NUCLEI; MASSES AB High-spin states have been populated in the nucleus Dy-149 using the Sn-122(S-32, 5n)Dy-149 reaction at a beam energy of 163 MeV, The experimental level scheme has been extended to a spin of 61/2 h, corresponding to an energy of about 12 MeV, and is adequately explained in the context of the shell model. Most of the levels are characterized by maximally aligned single-particle states with no evidence of collectivity. An alternate shell-model approach has been adopted to assign shell-model configurations. C1 INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,BOMBAY 400076,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. CTR NUCL SCI,NEW DELHI 110067,INDIA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV WARSAW,INST THEORET PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Gupta, M (reprint author), UNIV BOMBAY,DEPT PHYS,BOMBAY 400098,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1610 EP 1616 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1610 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900015 ER PT J AU Warner, RE Patty, RA Voyles, PM Nadasen, A Becchetti, FD Brown, JA Esbensen, H Galonsky, A Kolata, JJ Kruse, J Lee, MY Ronningen, RM Schwandt, P vonSchwarzenberg, J Sherrill, BM Subotic, K Wang, J Zecher, P AF Warner, RE Patty, RA Voyles, PM Nadasen, A Becchetti, FD Brown, JA Esbensen, H Galonsky, A Kolata, JJ Kruse, J Lee, MY Ronningen, RM Schwandt, P vonSchwarzenberg, J Sherrill, BM Subotic, K Wang, J Zecher, P TI Total reaction and 2n-removal cross sections of 20-60A MeV He-4,He-6,He-8, Li-6-9,Li-11, and Be-10 on Si SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RICH ISOTOPES LI-8,LI-9,LI-11; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; MEV ALPHA-PARTICLES; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; NEUTRON HALO; MODEL ANALYSIS; NUCLEUS LI-11; EXOTIC NUCLEI; LIGHT-NUCLEI; BREAK-UP AB Total reaction cross sections, sigma R, of 20-60A MeV He-4,He-6,He-8, Li-6-9,Li-11, and Be-10 were measured by injecting magnetically separated, focused, monoenergetic, identified secondary beams of those projectiles into a Si detector telescope and measuring their energy-deposition spectra. These sigma(R)'s accurate to about 3%, were compared with predictions of optical, strong absorption, and microscopic models. The latter gave the best overall fit to the data, providing long-tailed matter densities were assumed. The best available optical potentials generally overpredicted the data by about 10%. Strong absorption calculations, in which the isospin-dependant term is quite important, were often unsuccessful, especially for projectiles with large neutron excess. Two-neutron removal cross sections were measured for He-6 and Li-11; the Li-11 data were slightly overpredicted by a microscopic model which includes correlation effects for the Li-11 valence neutrons. Both 2n and 4n removal from He-8 were observed, in about a 2:1 ratio. Subtraction analysis of the data indicates that He-4 is a good core within He-6 and He-8, as is Li-9 within Li-11. C1 OBERLIN COLL, OBERLIN, OH 44074 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, DEARBORN, MI 48128 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA. INDIANA UNIV, CYCLOTRON FACIL, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA. VINCA, INST NUCL SCI, YU-11001 BELGRADE, YUGOSLAVIA. RP NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. RI Sherrill, Bradley/B-4098-2009; Sherrill, Bradley/B-3378-2011; Brown, James/A-7373-2012; OI Brown, James/0000-0003-0548-8634; Voyles, Paul/0000-0001-9438-4284 NR 52 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1700 EP 1709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1700 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900025 ER PT J AU Koch, V Song, CS AF Koch, V Song, CS TI Dilepton production in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HOT HADRONIC MATTER; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; NUCLEAR MEDIUM; VECTOR-MESONS; PHENOMENOLOGY; ENERGIES; REVEAL; PAIRS; PIONS; SPS AB The production of dileptons is studied within a hadronic transport model. We investigate the sensitivity of the dilepton spectra to the initial configuration of the hadronic phase in a ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision. Possible in-medium corrections due to the modifications of pions and the pion form factor in a hadronic gas are discussed. RP Koch, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 52 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1903 EP 1917 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1903 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900048 ER PT J AU Tincknell, ML Clark, RL Woody, C Lissauer, D Takai, H Ray, A delCampo, JG Shapira, D Erd, C Schukraft, J Willis, W AF Tincknell, ML Clark, RL Woody, C Lissauer, D Takai, H Ray, A delCampo, JG Shapira, D Erd, C Schukraft, J Willis, W TI Low transverse momentum photon production in proton-nucleus collisions at 18 GeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PAIR PRODUCTION; LOW-MASS CONTINUUM; PI-P INTERACTIONS; CERN ISR; DILEPTON; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; 16-GEV/C; CASCADE; MATTER; K+P AB Inclusive single photon spectra have been measured in the transverse momentum (p(T)) range from a few MeV/c up to approximately 1 GeV/c at various nucleon-nucleon center of momentum rapidities (y(NN)) in the interval from -2.4Li-9+2n at a beam energy of 280 MeV/nucleon. Different assumptions were made about the average distance between the two outer (halo) neutrons of the Li-11 projectile. The purpose was to discover whether the measurement of neutron momentum distributions and fragment cross sections could provide information about the distribution of distance between the two neutrons. RP Harvey, BG (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP R1520 EP R1522 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VM269 UT WOS:A1996VM26900003 ER PT J AU Asner, DM Athanas, M Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Gronberg, J Korte, CM Kutschke, R Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Cho, K Ford, WT Lohner, M Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Dumas, DJ Ehrlich, R Elia, R Gaidarev, P Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Jones, CD Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Avery, P Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Liu, T Saulnier, M Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW McLean, KW Ogg, M Bellerive, A Britton, DI Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Spaan, B Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Copty, N Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Nelson, JK Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Alam, MS Kim, IJ Ling, Z Mahmood, AH ONeill, JJ Severini, H Sun, CR Timm, S Wappler, F Duboscq, JE Fulton, R Fujino, D Gan, KK Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Sung, M Undrus, A White, C Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Fu, X Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Miao, T Miller, DH Modesitt, M Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Wang, PN Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Wang, R Coan, TE Dominick, J Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Lambrecht, M Sanghera, S Shelkov, V Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Wei, G Artuso, M Efimov, A Gao, M Goldberg, M Greene, R He, D Horwitz, N Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Playfer, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Kinoshita, K Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Cinabro, D Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F AF Asner, DM Athanas, M Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Gronberg, J Korte, CM Kutschke, R Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nakanishi, S Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Tajima, H Witherell, MS Balest, R Cho, K Ford, WT Lohner, M Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Dumas, DJ Ehrlich, R Elia, R Gaidarev, P Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Jones, CD Jones, SL Kandaswamy, J Katayama, N Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Ward, C Avery, P Prescott, C Yang, S Yelton, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Liu, T Saulnier, M Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW McLean, KW Ogg, M Bellerive, A Britton, DI Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Spaan, B Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Copty, N Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Nelson, JK Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Alam, MS Kim, IJ Ling, Z Mahmood, AH ONeill, JJ Severini, H Sun, CR Timm, S Wappler, F Duboscq, JE Fulton, R Fujino, D Gan, KK Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Sung, M Undrus, A White, C Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Fu, X Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Miao, T Miller, DH Modesitt, M Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Wang, PN Yurko, M Gibbons, L Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Schaffner, SF Wang, R Coan, TE Dominick, J Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Lambrecht, M Sanghera, S Shelkov, V Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Wei, G Artuso, M Efimov, A Gao, M Goldberg, M Greene, R He, D Horwitz, N Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Mukhin, Y Playfer, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Freyberger, A Gibaut, D Kinoshita, K Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Cinabro, D Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS OGrady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F TI Analysis of D-0->K(K)over-bar-X decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CABIBBO-SUPPRESSED DECAYS; BRANCHING FRACTIONS; MESON DECAYS; D0->K-K+; D0->PI-PI+; D->PI-PI; RATIOS; D0; D+ AB Using data taken with the CLEO II detector, we have studied the decays of the D-0 to K+K-, , (KSKSKS0)-K-0-K-0, (KSKS0)-K-0 pi(0), K(+)K(-)pi(0). We present significantly improved results for B(D-0-->K+K-) = (0.454 +/- 0.028 +/- 0.035)%, B(D-0 --> ) = (0.054 +/- 0.012 +/- 0.010)%, and B(D-0 --> (KSKSKS0)-K-0-K-0) = (0.074 +/- 0.010 +/- 0.015)%, where the first errors are statistical and the second errors are the estimate of our systematic uncertainty. We also present a new upper limit B(D-0 --> (KSKS0)-K-0 pi(0)) < 0.059% at the 90% confidence level and the first measurement of B(D-0 --> K(+)K(-)pi(0)) = (0.14 +/- 0.04)%. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. CARLETON UNIV,OTTAWA,ON K1S 5B6,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. ITHACA COLL,ITHACA,NY 14850. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV OKLAHOMA,NORMAN,OK 73019. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. SO METHODIST UNIV,DALLAS,TX 75275. SYRACUSE UNIV,SYRACUSE,NY. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. BINP,RU-630090 NOVOSIBIRSK,RUSSIA. RP Asner, DM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. RI Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4211 EP 4220 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4211 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700004 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Bourdreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Chritofek, I Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAngnello, S DellOrso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, I Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Sinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teraamoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, A Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Bourdreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Chritofek, I Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAngnello, S DellOrso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, I Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Sinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teraamoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, A Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Further properties of high-mass multijet events at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; COLLISIONS; 3-JET; TEV; QCD AB The properties of high-mass multijet events produced at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider are compared with leading order QCD matrix element predictions, QCD parton shower Monte Carlo predictions, and the predictions from a model in which events are distributed uniformly over the available multibody phase space. Multijet distributions corresponding to (4N-4) variables that span the N-body parameter space are found to be well described by the QCD calculations for inclusive three-jet, four-jet, and five-jet events. The agreement between data, QCD matrix element calculations, and QCD parton shower Monte Carlo predictions suggests that 2-->2 scattering plus gluon radiation provides a good first approximation to the full LO QCD matrix element for events with three, four, or even five jets in the final state. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BOLOGNA,INST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. ERNEST ORLAND LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Abe, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012; Bertolucci, Sergio/0000-0003-1738-4736; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Benlloch Baviera, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6073-1436; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; CHANG, PAO-TI/0000-0003-4064-388X NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4221 EP 4233 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4221 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700005 ER PT J AU Tang, WK Vanttinen, M AF Tang, WK Vanttinen, M TI Color octet J/psi production at low p(perpendicular to) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PI-N INTERACTIONS; COLLISIONS; CHARMONIUM; POLARIZATION; QUARKONIUM; DECAY; QCD AB We study contributions from color-octet quarkonium formation mechanisms to J/psi hadroproduction at low rho(perpendicular to). We include transitions of color-octet states into ''direct'' J/psi and into chi(1,2) which decay radiatively into a J/psi. The leading color-singlet mechanisms analyzed in earlier work and the leading color-octet mechanisms discussed here are found to be insufficient to reproduce the p(perpendicular to)-integrated J/psi production data. C1 NORDITA, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. RP STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. NR 29 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4349 EP 4355 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4349 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700016 ER PT J AU Beneke, M Buchalla, G Dunietz, I AF Beneke, M Buchalla, G Dunietz, I TI Width difference in the B-s-(B)over-bar(s) system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP-VIOLATION; B-DECAYS; LEADING LOGARITHMS; MESONS; QUARK; HEAVY; LIGHT; FIELDS AB We use the heavy quark expansion to investigate the width difference Delta Gamma(Bs) between the B-s mass eigen-states. The corrections of O(Lambda(QCD)/m(b)) and O(m(s)/m(b)) to the leading-order expression in the operator product expansion are derived and estimated to yield a sizable reduction of the leading result for Delta Gamma(Bs) by typically 30%. For completeness we also quantify small effects due to penguin operators and CKM-suppressed contributions. Based on our results we discuss the prediction for (Delta Gamma/Gamma)(Bs) with particular emphasis on theoretical uncertainties. We find (Delta Gamma/Gamma)(Bs) = 0.16(-0.09)(+0.11), where the large error is dominated by the uncertainty in hadronic matrix elements. An accuracy of about 10% in (Delta Gamma/Gamma)(Bs) should be within reach, assuming continuing progress in lattice calculations. In addition, we address phenomenological issues and implications of a Delta Gamma(Bs) measurement for constraints on Delta M(Bs) and CKM parameters. We further consider in some detail the lifetime ratio tau(B-s)/tau(B-d) and estimate that, most likely, \tau(B-s)/tau(B-d)-1\<1%. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DEPT PHYS THEOR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Beneke, M (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 47 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4419 EP 4431 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4419 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700025 ER PT J AU Agashe, K Graesser, M AF Agashe, K Graesser, M TI R-parity violation in flavor-changing neutral current processes and top quark decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC MODELS; BREAKING; BOUNDS; TAU; COUPLINGS; COLLIDER; SEARCH AB We show that supersymmetric R-parity-breaking (R(p)) interactions always result in flavor changing neutral current processes. Within a single coupling scheme, these processes can be avoided in either the charge +2/3 or the charge -1/3 quark sector, but not both. These processes are used to place constraints on R(p) couplings. The constraints on the first and the second generations are better than those existing in the literature. The R(p) interactions may result in new top quark decays. Some of these violate electron-muon universality or produce a surplus of b quark events in decays. Results from the CDF experiment are used to bound these R(p) couplings. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, THEORET PHYS GRP, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 35 TC 151 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4445 EP 4452 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4445 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700027 ER PT J AU Bernard, C Blum, T DeTar, C Gottlieb, S Rummukainen, K Heller, UM Hetrick, J Toussaint, D Sugar, RL AF Bernard, C Blum, T DeTar, C Gottlieb, S Rummukainen, K Heller, UM Hetrick, J Toussaint, D Sugar, RL TI Two-flavor staggered fermion thermodynamics at N-t=12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; FIXED-POINT ACTION; SU(3) GAUGE-THEORY; 2 FLAVORS; 2-FLAVOR QCD; NUMBER SUSCEPTIBILITY; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; LATTICE; QUARKS; SPECTRUM AB We present results of an ongoing study of the nature of the high temperature crossover in QCD with two light fermion flavors. These results are obtained with the conventional staggered fermion action at the smallest lattice spacing to date, approximately 0.1 fm. Of particular interest are (1) a study of the temperature of the crossover, an important indicator of continuum scaling, (2) a determination of the induced baryon charge and baryon susceptibility, used to study the dissolution of hadrons at the crossover, (3) the scalar susceptibility, a signal for the appearance of soft modes, and (4) the chiral order parameter, used to test models of critical behavior associated with chiral symmetry restoration. From our new data and published results for N-t = 4, 6, and 8, we determine the QCD magnetic equation of state from the chiral order parameter using O(4) and mean field critical exponents and compare it with the corresponding equation of state obtained from an O(4) spin model and mean field theory. We also present a scaling analysis of the Polyakov loop, suggesting a temperature-dependent ''constituent quark free energy.'' C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV UTAH, DEPT PHYS, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. INDIANA UNIV, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV, SCRI, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. UNIV ARIZONA, DEPT PHYS, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT PHYS, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. OI Hetrick, James/0000-0002-0740-2251; Heller, Urs M./0000-0002-2780-5584; DeTar, Carleton/0000-0002-0216-6771; Rummukainen, Kari/0000-0003-2266-4716 NR 51 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4585 EP 4594 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.4585 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VM977 UT WOS:A1996VM97700040 ER PT J AU Shan, XW Doolen, G AF Shan, XW Doolen, G TI Diffusion in a multicomponent lattice Boltzmann equation model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CELLULAR-AUTOMATON FLUIDS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; MISCIBLE FLUIDS; GAS; SIMULATIONS AB Diffusion phenomena in a multiple component lattice Boltzmann equation (LEE) model are discussed in detail. The mass fluxes associated with different mechanical driving forces are obtained using a Chapman-Enskog analysis. This model is found to have correct diffusion behavior and the multiple diffusion coefficients are obtained analytically. The analytical results are further confirmed by numerical simulations in a few solvable limiting cases. The LEE model is established as a useful computational tool for the simulation of mass transfer in fluid systems with external forces. RP Shan, XW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Shan, Xiaowen/H-2836-2013 OI Shan, Xiaowen/0000-0002-6350-9248 NR 20 TC 162 Z9 172 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3614 EP 3620 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3614 PN A PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600074 ER PT J AU Mikaelian, KO AF Mikaelian, KO TI Rayleigh-Taylor instability in finite-thickness fluids with viscosity and surface tension SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES AB We consider the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in two finite-thickness fluids including the effects of viscosity and surface tension. The eight equations expressing boundary, continuity, and jump conditions imposed on the eigenfunction are written in the form MV=0 where M is an 8x8 matrix and V is a vector containing the eight coefficients that appear in the eigenfunction. Exact numerical results are obtained by solving det(M)=0, the dispersion relation which determines the growth rate gamma as a function of the physical parameters of the system. For the case of a semi-infinite viscous fluid with a free surface the exact result is given analytically. We also derive an approximate analytic formula for arbitrary thicknesses, compare it with the exact results, and briefly discuss recent experiments on finite-thickness fluids. RP Mikaelian, KO (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 9 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3676 EP 3680 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3676 PN A PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600082 ER PT J AU Dimonte, G Schneider, M AF Dimonte, G Schneider, M TI Turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiments with variable acceleration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; GROWTH; LASER; NOVA AB Turbulent mixing due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is experimentally found to vary strongly with the temporal acceleration profile g(t). For constant g, the bubble amplitude h(b) increases as gt(2) consistent with previous results. For sustained acceleration profiles with dg/dt not equal 0, hb increases, not with the displacement Z=integral integral g dt'dt, but with the length S=0.5 [integral root g dt](2). For an impulsive acceleration, mixing is minimized with h(b) similar to Z(0.4). These results are used to test mix models. RP Dimonte, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 39 TC 108 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3740 EP 3743 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3740 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600089 ER PT J AU Baltz, AJ RhoadesBrown, MJ Weneser, J AF Baltz, AJ RhoadesBrown, MJ Weneser, J TI Heavy-ion partial beam lifetimes due to Coulomb induced processes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID POSITRON PAIR PRODUCTION; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; COLLISIONS; NUCLEI; ENERGY; PB; PHOTOPRODUCTION; RESONANCE; HYDROGEN AB The magnitude of heavy-ion beam loss at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) and the large hadron collider (LHC) due to Coulomb induced bound-electron-positron production and to Coulomb dissociation of the nucleus is evaluated. With the nominal design parameters, the associated partial beam lifetime of RHIC (assuming four intersection regions) is calculated as 7.7 h and that of LHC (one intersection region) as 5.3 h. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,RELATIVIST HEAVY ION COLLIDER PROJECT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Baltz, AJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 29 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 4233 EP 4239 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4233 PN B PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN177 UT WOS:A1996VN17700042 ER PT J AU Glendinning, SG Dixit, SN Hammel, BA Kalantar, DH Key, MH Kilkenny, JD Knauer, JP Pennington, DM Remington, BA Wallace, RJ Weber, SV AF Glendinning, SG Dixit, SN Hammel, BA Kalantar, DH Key, MH Kilkenny, JD Knauer, JP Pennington, DM Remington, BA Wallace, RJ Weber, SV TI Measurements of laser-speckle-induce perturbations in laser-driven foils SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; BEAM AB We have measured modulations imprinted by laser speckle in laser-driven CH2 foils at 10(14) W/cm(2) (laser wavelength 0.53 mu m). We have calibrated the amplitude and Rayleigh-Taylor growth of these modulations with single-mode surface perturbations, converting the imprint to an equivalent surface finish. We examined this imprint for a static speckle pattern and with two different bandwidths on the drive laser. The addition of bandwidth and dispersion to the drive laser reduced the imprinted modulations, with the highest bandwidth showing the largest reduction in imprint, in agreement with LASNEX simulations. C1 RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,CENT LASER FACIL,CHILTON OX11 0QK,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,CLARENDON LAB,OXFORD OX1 3PU,ENGLAND. LASER ENERGET LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14623. RP Glendinning, SG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 14 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 4473 EP 4475 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4473 PN B PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN177 UT WOS:A1996VN17700079 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Qiu, X BenZvi, I AF Wang, XJ Qiu, X BenZvi, I TI Experimental observation of high-brightness microbunching in a photocathode rf electron gun SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LASER; PERFORMANCE; GENERATION AB We report the measurement of very short, high-brightness bunches of electrons produced in a photocathode rf gun with no magnetic compression. The electron beam bunch length and the charge distribution along the bunch were measured by passing the energy chirped the electron beam through a momentum selection slit while varying the phase of the rf linac. The bunch compression as a function of rf gun phase and electric field at the cathode were investigated. The shortest measured bunch is 370+/-100 fs (at 95% of the charge) with 2.5X10(8) electrons (170 A peak current); the normalized rms emittance of this beam was measured to be 0.5 pi mm mrad and the energy spread is 0.15%. RP Wang, XJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 14 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP R3121 EP R3124 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600016 ER PT J AU McLaren, AC Meike, A AF McLaren, AC Meike, A TI Transformation plasticity in single and two-component ionic polycrystals in which only one component transforms SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM-NITRATE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MANTLE AB Creep tests were performed on cylindrical cold-pressed polycrystalline specimens of pure NH,NO, and KNO3 while the specimens were simultaneously cycled through the known phase transformations. The observed deformation behaviour and the transformation strains were both qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the Greenwood and Johnson (1965) theory of transformational plasticity, which applies to external stresses less than the yield stress of the weaker phase. A new and simpler development of this theory is given in the Appendix. The transformation strains observed in composite specimens, in which only one component transformed, were all significantly less than those observed in the pure materials. This behaviour is observed even in specimens where the volume fraction of the marginally-stronger non-transforming phase is too small to form a continuous framework in the specimen. It is suggested that the stress associated with the difference in thermal expansion of the two components, especially during a phase transformation, leads to the nucleation of a high density of tangled, essentially immobile, dislocations in the transforming component, similar to work-hardening. The relevance of these observations to the possibility of transformation plasticity as an important deformation mechanism in the Earth is discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP McLaren, AC (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH EARTH SCI,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 7 BP 439 EP 451 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA VQ303 UT WOS:A1996VQ30300005 ER PT J AU Fabris, D Liepmann, D Marcus, D AF Fabris, D Liepmann, D Marcus, D TI Quantitative experimental and numerical investigation of a vortex ring impinging on a wall SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-ORDER PROJECTION METHOD; DENSITY INTERFACE; STABILITY AB A joint experimental and computational methodology is developed and applied to investigate a vortex ring impinging normally on a wall. The method uses digital particle image velocimetry to make planar flow measurements, which are then used to initialize a second-order finite difference calculation. The experiment and the simulation are compared at later times and agree extremely well. The ring undergoes two rebounds from the wall and continues to expand. During the approach to the wall, peak vorticity grows by 50% due to vortex stretching. Peak vorticity strengths of the secondary and tertiary vortices formed from the shedding boundary layer are 40% and 20% of the primary. In addition, a ring with a Gaussian core is simulated and compared to demonstrate the benefits of using realistic initial conditions. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MECH ENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 2640 EP 2649 DI 10.1063/1.869049 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VL144 UT WOS:A1996VL14400008 ER PT J AU Chorin, AJ AF Chorin, AJ TI Partition functions and equilibrium measures in two-dimensional and quasi-three-dimensional turbulence SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-TEMPERATURE STATES; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; VORTICES; ENTROPY; FLOWS AB An attempt is made to construct numerically equilibrium measures for the Euler equations by first examining measures for discretized approximate systems and then searching on the computer for the limit of vanishing discretization. First the partition function is evaluated for two-dimensional discretized incompressible fields with a hydrodynamical energy function and an infinite number of invariants; the behavior of the partition functions is examined as the discretization is refined. The results are contrasted with those of recent mean-field theories, which are seen to be reasonable approximations only at moderate temperatures. The two-dimensional vortex system has no phase transitions and no states invariant under refinement of the discretization, except at zero temperature. Finite-temperature equilibrium measures may appear if a simple representation of vortex stretching is added to the system, in agreement with recent work on three-dimensional turbulence, where these equilibrium measures are used as key building blocks. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Chorin, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 2656 EP 2660 DI 10.1063/1.869051 PG 5 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VL144 UT WOS:A1996VL14400010 ER PT J AU Austin, ME Ellis, RF James, RA Luce, TC AF Austin, ME Ellis, RF James, RA Luce, TC TI Electron temperature measurements from optically gray third harmonic electron cyclotron emission in the DIII-D tokamak SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FACILITY; PLASMA AB In many high-performance discharges in the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)] high electron density prevents determining the electron temperature from the second harmonic electron cyclotron emission (ECE). A technique for obtaining central electron temperatures from optically gray third harmonic ECE is presented that does not require knowledge of the reflective properties of the vessel wall. The temperature values derived from ECE spectra measured with an absolutely calibrated Michelson interferometer agree with independent measurements by Thomson scattering. As part of this work, a method of determining the optical depth of third harmonic frequencies in a low aspect ratio tokamak is also demonstrated. The optical depth measurements are in agreement with calculations correct to first order in the Larmor radius. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP Austin, ME (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1996 VL 3 IS 10 BP 3725 EP 3731 DI 10.1063/1.871506 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VL795 UT WOS:A1996VL79500025 ER PT J AU Medvedev, MV Diamond, PH Carreras, BA AF Medvedev, MV Diamond, PH Carreras, BA TI On the statistical mechanics of self-organized profiles SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID IMPROVED CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAK; CRITICALITY; TRANSPORT; MODELS; STATE AB The radial structure of tokamak profiles determined by anomalous transport is elucidated by studying the statistical mechanics of a sand pile automaton for which the toppling conditions depend on local gradient, alone. In this representation, the sand pile dynamics is Markovian, and spatial profiles may be obtained from calculated expectation values of the local gradient. The Markovian structure of the dynamics is exploited to analytically derive a local gradient probability distribution function from a generalized kinetic equation. for homogeneous, weak noise, the calculated expectation value of the gradient is well below the marginally stable state. In the over-driven limit (i.e., strong homogeneous noise), a region of super-critical gradient is shown to form near the bottom of the pile. For the case of localized noise, the mean self-organized profile is always sub-critical. These results are consistent with numerical studies of simple automata. Their relevance to and implications for tokamak confinement are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RUSSIAN RES CTR KURCHATOV INST,INST NUCL FUS,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92122. RP Medvedev, MV (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1996 VL 3 IS 10 BP 3745 EP 3753 DI 10.1063/1.871508 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VL795 UT WOS:A1996VL79500027 ER PT J AU Ekdahl, CA Fowler, M Solem, JC AF Ekdahl, CA Fowler, M Solem, JC TI Magnetic fields are getting higher on research lab agendas SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP Ekdahl, CA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1996 VL 49 IS 10 BP 11 EP & PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VK080 UT WOS:A1996VK08000002 ER PT J AU Spielman, RB AF Spielman, RB TI Magnetic fields are getting higher on research lab agendas SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP Spielman, RB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1996 VL 49 IS 10 BP 11 EP 11 DI 10.1063/1.2807794 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VK080 UT WOS:A1996VK08000001 ER PT J AU Butler, JN Quarrie, DR AF Butler, JN Quarrie, DR TI Data acquisition and analysis in extremely high data rate experiments SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. RP Butler, JN (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,COMP DIV,RES STAFF,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1996 VL 49 IS 10 BP 50 EP 56 DI 10.1063/1.881524 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VK080 UT WOS:A1996VK08000013 ER PT J AU Albrow, M AF Albrow, M TI World wide W+W- SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Letter RP Albrow, M (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 10 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VL426 UT WOS:A1996VL42600018 ER PT J AU Chamberlain, O Steiner, H Ypsilantis, T AF Chamberlain, O Steiner, H Ypsilantis, T TI Clyde Wiegand 1915-96 SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. COLL FRANCE,F-75231 PARIS,FRANCE. RP Chamberlain, O (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 10 BP 54 EP 54 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VL426 UT WOS:A1996VL42600033 ER PT J AU Huner, NPA Maxwell, DP Gray, GR Savitch, LV Krol, M Ivanov, AG Falk, S AF Huner, NPA Maxwell, DP Gray, GR Savitch, LV Krol, M Ivanov, AG Falk, S TI Sensing environmental temperature change through imbalances between energy supply and energy consumption: Redox state of photosystem II SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Review DE acclimation; chloroplast; light; photosystem II; redox poise; sensing; signalling; temperature ID HARVESTING COMPLEX-II; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CHLORELLA-VULGARIS; DUNALIELLA-SALINA; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; LIGHT; PHOTOINHIBITION AB A basic requirement of all photosynthetic organisms is a balance between overall energy supply through temperature-independent photochemical reactions and energy consumption through the temperature-dependent biochemical reactions of photosynthetic electron transport and contiguous metabolic pathways. Since the turnover of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centers is a limiting step in the conversion of light energy into ATP and NADPH, any energy imbalance may be sensed through modulation of the redox state of PSII. This can be estimated in vivo by chlorophyll a fluorescence as changes in the redox state of PSII, or photosystem II excitation pressure, which reflects changes in the redox poise of intersystem electron transport carriers. Through comparisons of photosynthetic adjustment, We show that growth at low temperature mimics growth at high light. We conclude that terrestrial plants, green algae and cyanobacteria do not respond to changes in growth temperature or growth irradiance per se, but rather, respond to changes in the redox state of intersystem electron transport as reflected by changes in PSII excitation pressure. We suggest that this chloroplastic redox sensing mechanism may be an important component for sensing abiotic stresses in general. Thus, in addition to its role in energy transduction, the chloroplast may also be considered a primary sensor of environmental change through a redox sensing/signalling mechanism that acts synergistically with other signal transduction pathways to elicit the appropriate molecular and physiological responses. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MID SWEDEN UNIV,DEPT EKOTECH,S-83125 OSTERSUND,SWEDEN. RP Huner, NPA (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT PLANT SCI,LONDON,ON N6A 5B7,CANADA. OI Ivanov, Alexander G./0000-0001-7100-9211 NR 42 TC 131 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 21 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 358 EP 364 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.980218.x PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VP356 UT WOS:A1996VP35600018 ER PT J AU Jap, BK Walian, PJ AF Jap, BK Walian, PJ TI Structure and functional mechanism of porins SO PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID COLI OUTER MEMBRANES; CHANNEL-FORMING PROTEIN; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS; X-RAY-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RHODOBACTER-CAPSULATUS; MATRIX PORIN; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PHOE PORIN AB Cellular organisms such as gram-negative bacteria are enclosed by a dual lipid bilayer system. The outer membranes of the dual bilayer envelopes predominantly contain large numbers of water-filled transmembrane protein channels known as porins. The recent availability of the molecular structures of several bacterial porins has provided the opportunity for comparing the results of a nide range of functional studies with the atomic level structural details of these membrane channels. Taken together the structure and function data present the most comprehensive set of boundary conditions available for the evaluation of theory and models predicting the characteristics of solute transport through membrane protein channels. In this paper, we review the high-resolution structure data from the bacterial porins, as well as recent theoretical studies. in the context of biophysical and biochemical observations and discuss the molecular mechanisms responsible for the transport of solutes through porin channels. Particular emphasis has been placed on the features and roles of common structural elements, channel sterics and electrostatics, and voltage-dependent gating. A model for water-coordinated transport, providing a qualitative view of the porin transport mechanism, is also described. RP Jap, BK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, DONNER LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-52206, GM-51487] NR 84 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0031-9333 J9 PHYSIOL REV JI Physiol. Rev. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 1073 EP 1088 PG 16 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA VM888 UT WOS:A1996VM88800006 PM 8874494 ER PT J AU Gopalan, S Wei, W He, SY AF Gopalan, S Wei, W He, SY TI hrp gene-dependent induction of hin1: A plant gene activated rapidly by both harpins and the avrPto gene-mediated signal SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYRINGAE PV TOMATO; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; PSEUDOMONAS-SOLANACEARUM; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; SALICYLIC-ACID; TOBACCO; ELICITOR; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION AB Two classes of bacterial genes are involved in the elicitation of the plant hypersensitive response (HR) in resistant plants: hrp genes and avr genes. hrp genes have been shown to be involved in the production-and secretion of a new class of bacterial virulence/avirulence proteins, including harpin of Erwinia amylovora and harpin(Pss) of Pseudomonas syringae. The ability of avr genes in the elicitation of the HR/resistance is dependent on functional hrp genes. The relationships between harpins and avr gene products are not known. This study investigates the plant genes induced by harpins and the effect of avr genes on the expression of such plant genes. A tobacco gene highly induced by harpins was isolated by a subtractive hybridization method. Induction Of hin I by P.s.pv. syringae 61 (Pss61) was found to be dependent on functional bacterial hrp genes. P. fluorescens (a saprophyte) or hrp mutants defective in the Hrp secretion pathway did not induce hin1 significantly. A hin1-related gene in tomato cv. Rio Grande-PtoR was found to be rapidly induced by P. s. pv tomato T1 (a virulent bacterium on Rio Grande-PtoR) containing the avrPto gene, which mediates the elicitation of the HR/resistance in a Pto plant resistance gene-dependent manner. The induction of hin1 by bacteria correlates with production of harpins in planta. The putative open reading frame of hin1 encodes a novel protein of 221 amino acids. The data suggest that harpins and the avrPto-mediated signal induce a common plant gene in the elicitation of the HR. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40546. NR 49 TC 110 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 591 EP 600 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1996.10040591.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VN087 UT WOS:A1996VN08700002 PM 8893538 ER PT J AU LeonKloosterziel, KM Gil, MA Ruijs, GJ Jacobsen, SE Olszewski, NE Schwartz, SH Zeevaart, JAD Koornneef, M AF LeonKloosterziel, KM Gil, MA Ruijs, GJ Jacobsen, SE Olszewski, NE Schwartz, SH Zeevaart, JAD Koornneef, M TI Isolation and characterization of abscisic acid-deficient Arabidopsis mutants at two new loci SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID THALIANA L HEYNH; SEED DEVELOPMENT; PROTEIN ACCUMULATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; GERMINATION; GIBBERELLIN; DORMANCY; TOLERANCE AB Novel Arabidopsis mutants with lowered levels of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) were isolated. These were selected in a screen for germination in the presence of the gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol. Another mutant was isolated in a screen for NaCl tolerance. The ABA-deficiency was caused by two monogenic, recessive mutations, aba2 and aba3, that were both located on chromosome 1. The mutants showed a phenotype that is known to be characteristic for ABA-deficiency: a reduced seed dormancy and excessive water loss, leading to a wilty phenotype. Double mutant analysis, combining different aba mutations, indicated the leaky nature of the mutations. C1 AGR UNIV WAGENINGEN,DEPT GENET,NL-6703 HA WAGENINGEN,NETHERLANDS. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT BIOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. OI Koornneef, Maarten/0000-0002-7759-4869; Olszewski, Neil E/0000-0001-5393-7743 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07323, GM40553] NR 32 TC 286 Z9 294 U1 1 U2 29 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 655 EP 661 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1996.10040655.x PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VN087 UT WOS:A1996VN08700008 PM 8893542 ER PT J AU Abler, ML Green, PJ AF Abler, ML Green, PJ TI Control of mRNA stability in higher plants SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mRNA degradation; mRNA turnover; mRNA half-life measurements; instability sequences; RNA-binding proteins; translation; mRNA decay mechanisms ID MESSENGER-RNA DEGRADATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS; ORGAN-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; CARBOXYLASE SMALL-SUBUNIT; BARLEY ALEURONE LAYERS; PROLINE-RICH PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; HEAT-SHOCK; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE AB The degradation rates of different mRNAs in higher plants can vary over a broad range and are regulated by a variety of endogenous and exogenous stimuli, During the past several years, efforts to better understand the control of mRNA stability in plants have increased considerably and this has led to improved methodologies and important mechanistic insights. In this review, we highlight some of the most interesting examples of plant transcripts that are controlled at the level of mRNA decay and discuss what has been learned from their study. Experiments that implicate or demonstrate the involvement of particular cis- and trans-acting factors in mRNA decay pathways are a major focus, as are those experiments that have led to mechanistic models. Emphasis is also placed on studies that address the relationship between translation and mRNA stability. Our current knowledge indicates that some of the determinants and pathways for mRNA decay may differ in plants compared to other eukaryotes, whereas others appear to be similar. This knowledge, coupled with the availability of biochemical, molecular and genetic approaches to elucidate plant mRNA decay mechanisms, should continue to lead to findings of novel and general significance. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [5F32GM16886] NR 100 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 78 DI 10.1007/BF00039377 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA VY819 UT WOS:A1996VY81900004 PM 8980474 ER PT J AU BarPeled, M Bassham, DC Raikhel, NV AF BarPeled, M Bassham, DC Raikhel, NV TI Transport of proteins in eukaryotic cells: More questions ahead SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE secretory pathway; nucleus; chloroplasts; mitochondria; peroxisomes; vacuole; endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi; protein trafficking ID GTP-BINDING-PROTEIN; SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM MEMBRANE; YEAST SECRETORY PATHWAY; ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR; COP-COATED VESICLES; LUMINAL ER PROTEINS; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL PROPEPTIDE; MITOCHONDRIAL OUTER-MEMBRANE; INNER NUCLEAR-MEMBRANE AB Some newly synthesized proteins contain signals that direct their transport to their final location within or outside of the cell. Targeting signals are recognized by specific protein receptors located either in the cytoplasm or in the membrane of the target organelle. Specific membrane protein complexes are involved in insertion and translocation of polypeptides across the membranes. Often, additional targeting signals are required fur a polypeptide to be further transported to its site of function. In this review, we will describe the trafficking of proteins to various cellular organelles (nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes) with emphasis on transport to and through the secretory pathway. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DOE,PLANT RES LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. NR 283 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1-2 BP 223 EP 249 DI 10.1007/BF00039384 PG 27 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA VY819 UT WOS:A1996VY81900011 PM 8980481 ER PT J AU Kuske, CR Hill, KK Guzman, E Jackson, PJ AF Kuske, CR Hill, KK Guzman, E Jackson, PJ TI Subcellular location of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase isoenzymes in cell cultures and plant tissues of Datura innoxia Mill SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSIMILATORY SULFATE REDUCTION; PISUM-SATIVUM; SERINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; SPINACH-CHLOROPLASTS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SULFUR METABOLISM; MAIZE SEEDLINGS; THIOL LYASE; PURIFICATION; CADMIUM AB O-Acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS; EC 4.2.99.8) catalyzes the formation of L-cysteine from O-acetylserine and inorganic sulfide. Three OASS isoenzymes that differ in molecular mass and subunit structure are present in shoot and root tissues and in cadmium-resistant and cadmium-susceptible cell cultures of Datura innoxia Mill. Different OASS forms predominate in leaves, roots, and suspension-cell cultures. To determine the subcellular location of the OASS isoenzymes, purified mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cytosolic fractions from protoplasts were obtained. The isoenzymes are compartmentalized in D. innoxia cells, with a different isoenzyme predominant in the chloroplast, cytosol, and mitochondria, suggesting that they serve different functions in the plant cell. The chloroplast form is most abundant in green leaves and leaf protoplasts. The cytosolic form is most abundant in roots and cell cultures. A mitochondrial form is abundant in cell cultures, but is a minor form in leaves or roots. Cadmium-tolerant cell cultures contain 1.8 times as much constitutive OASS activity as the wild-type cell line, and 2.9 times more than the cadmium-hypersensitive cell line. This may facilitate rapid production of glutathione and metal-binding phytochelatins when these cultures are exposed to cadmium. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,ENVIRONM MOL BIOL GRP,M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 43 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 112 IS 2 BP 659 EP 667 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VP179 UT WOS:A1996VP17900024 ER PT J AU Medley, SS Budny, RV Mansfield, DK Redi, MH Roquemore, AL Fisher, RK Duong, HH McChesney, JM Parks, PB Petrov, MP Gorelenkov, NN AF Medley, SS Budny, RV Mansfield, DK Redi, MH Roquemore, AL Fisher, RK Duong, HH McChesney, JM Parks, PB Petrov, MP Gorelenkov, NN TI Measurements of confined alphas and tritons in the MHD quiescent core of TFTR plasmas using the pellet charge exchange diagnostic SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID INJECTION AB The energy distributions and radial density profiles of the fast confined trapped alpha particles in DT experiments on TFTR are being measured in the energy range 0.5-3.5 MeV using the pellet charge exchange (PCX) diagnostic. A brief description of the measurement technique which involves active neutral particle analysis using the ablation cloud surrounding an injected impurity pellet as the neutralizer is presented. This paper focuses on alpha and triton measurements in the core of MHD quiescent TFTR discharges where the expected classical slowing-down and pitch angle scattering effects are not complicated by stochastic ripple diffusion and sawtooth activity. In particular, the first measurement of the alpha slowing-down distribution up to the birth energy, obtained using boron pellet injection, is presented. The measurements are compared with predictions using either the TRANSP Monte Carlo code and/or a Fokker-Planck Post-TRANSP processor code, which assumes that the alphas and tritons are well confined and slow down classically. Both the shape of the measured alpha and triton energy distributions and their density ratios are in good agreement with the code calculations. We can conclude that the PCX measurements are consistent with classical thermalization of the fusion-generated alphas and tritons. C1 GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST,ST PETERSBURG 194021,RUSSIA. TRINITI,TROITSK 142092,RUSSIA. RP Medley, SS (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD OCT PY 1996 VL 38 IS 10 BP 1779 EP 1789 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/38/10/006 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VQ762 UT WOS:A1996VQ76200006 ER PT J AU Nakamura, Y Yoshino, R Pomphrey, N Jardin, SC AF Nakamura, Y Yoshino, R Pomphrey, N Jardin, SC TI beta(p)-collapse-induced vertical displacement event in high beta(p) tokamak disruption SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article AB Extremely fast vertical displacement events (VDEs) induced by a strong beta(p) collapse were found in a vertically elongated (kappa approximate to 1.5), high beta(p) (beta(p) approximate to 1.7) tokamak with a resistive shell through computer simulations using the tokamak simulation code. Although the plasma current quench which has been shown to be the prime cause of VDEs in a relatively low beta(p) tokamak (beta(p) similar to 0.2) (Nakamura Y et al 1996 Nucl. Fusion 36 643), was not observed during the VDE evolution, the observed growth rate of VDEs was almost five times (gamma approximate to 655 s(-1)) faster than the growth rate of the usual positional instability (gamma approximate to 149 s(-1)). The essential mechanism of the beta(p)-collapse-induced VDE was clarified to be the intense enhancement of positional instability due to a large and sudden degradation of the magnetic field decay n-index in addition to the significant destabilization due to a reduction in the stability index n(s). The radial shift of the magnetic axis caused by the beta(p) collapse induces eddy currents on the resistive shell, and these eddy currents produce a large degradation of the n-index. It is pointed out that the shell geometry characterizes the VDE dynamics, and that the VDE rate depends strongly both on the magnitude of the beta(p) collapse and the n-index of the equilibria just before the beta(p) collapse occurs. The JT-60U vacuum vessel is shown to possess the capability of preventing beta(p)-collapse-induced VDEs. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Nakamura, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,NAKA FUS RES ESTAB,NAKA,IBARAKI 31101,JAPAN. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; pomphrey, neil/G-4405-2010 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD OCT PY 1996 VL 38 IS 10 BP 1791 EP 1804 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/38/10/007 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VQ762 UT WOS:A1996VQ76200007 ER PT J AU Bonivert, WD Cushnie, G AF Bonivert, WD Cushnie, G TI The NMFRC vendor directory SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT News Item C1 CAI ENGN,OAKTON,VA 22124. RP Bonivert, WD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,M-S 9404,BOX 969,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 83 IS 10 BP 42 EP 43 PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA VK627 UT WOS:A1996VK62700010 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Sassi, AP Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM AF Wu, JZ Sassi, AP Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JM TI Partitioning of proteins between an aqueous solution and a weakly-ionizable polyelectrolyte hydrogel SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE temperature- and pH-sensitive hydrogel; polyelectrolyte; phase equilibrium ID TITRATION CURVE; CONDENSATION AB To predict partitioning of proteins between a temperature- and pH-sensitive hydrogel and its surrounding aqueous solution, it is appropriate to use Schnitzer's method for determining solute partitioning based on size exclusion and the cell model for polyelectrolyte solutions. The mean-pore size of the hydrogel is calculated using the method of Peppas el al. The charge of the network, which depends on pH and salt concentration, is calculated using weak-polyelectrolyte-titration theory. De Gennes' scaling relation and Odijk's wormlike model are used to determine the persistence length and the radius of gyration of the polyelectrolyte chain in the hydrogel. For N-isopropylacrylamide gels copolymerized with sodium acrylate or 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, predicted partition coefficients for cytochrome-C are in semiquantitative agreement with experiment. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Wu, Jianzhong/I-5164-2013; OI Wu, Jianzhong/0000-0002-4582-5941 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 21 BP 4803 EP 4808 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VM810 UT WOS:A1996VM81000017 ER PT J AU Feibus, H AF Feibus, H TI Clean coal will dominate the near term SO POWER ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP Feibus, H (reprint author), US DOE,OFF FOSSIL IND,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 SN 0032-5961 J9 POWER ENG JI Power Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 10 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VN899 UT WOS:A1996VN89900021 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Mural, RJ Einstein, JR Shah, MB Uberbacher, EC AF Xu, Y Mural, RJ Einstein, JR Shah, MB Uberbacher, EC TI GRAIL: A multi-agent neural network system for gene identification SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-CODING REGIONS; DNA-SEQUENCES; GENOMIC DNA; PREDICTION; RECOGNITION; EXONS AB Identifying genes within large regions of uncharacterized DNA is a difficult undertaking and is currently the focus of many research efforts. We describe a gene localization and modeling system, called GRAIL. GRAIL is a multiple sensor-neural network-based system. It localizes genes in anonymous DNA sequences by recognizing features related to protein-coding regions and the boundaries of coding regions, and then combines the recognized features using a neutral network system. Localized coding regions are then ''optimally'' parsed into a gene model. Through years of extensive testing, GRAIL consistently localizes about 90% of coding portions test genes with a false positive rate of about 10%. A number of genes for major genetic diseases have been located through the use of GRAIL, and over 1000 research laboratories worldwide use GRAIL on regular bases for localization of genes on their newly sequenced DNA. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, INFORMAT GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV COMP SCI & MATH, INFORMAT GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 19 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 1996 VL 84 IS 10 BP 1544 EP 1552 DI 10.1109/5.537117 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VK624 UT WOS:A1996VK62400014 ER PT J AU Rao, NSV Protopopescu, VA AF Rao, NSV Protopopescu, VA TI On PAC learning of functions with smoothness properties using feedforward sigmoidal networks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL NETWORKS; REGRESSION AB We consider the problem of learning functions based on finite samples by using feedforward sigmoidal networks. The unknown function f is chosen from a family that has either bounded modulus of smoothness and/or bounded capacity. The sample is given by (X(1), f(X(1))), (X(2), f(X(2))), ..., (X(n), f(X(n))), where X(1), X(2), ..., X(n) are independently and identically distributed (IID) according to an unknown distribution P-X. General results guarantee the existence of a neural network, f(w)*, that best approximates f in terms of expected error. However, since both f and P-X are unknown, computing f(w)* is impossible in general. Suitable neural network probability and approximately correct (PAC) approximations to f(w)* can be, in principle, computed based on finite sample, but their computation is hard. Instead, we propose to compute PAC approximations to f(w)* based on alternative estimators, namely: 1) nearest neighbor rule, 2) local averaging, and 3) Nadaraya-Watson estimators, all computed using the Haar system. We show that given a sufficiently large sample, each of these estimators guarantees a performance as close as desired to that of f(w)*. The practical importance of this result stems from the fact that, unlike neural networks, the three estimators above are linear-time computable in terms of the sample size. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 1996 VL 84 IS 10 BP 1562 EP 1569 DI 10.1109/5.537119 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VK624 UT WOS:A1996VK62400016 ER PT J AU Skinner, MM Terwilliger, TC AF Skinner, MM Terwilliger, TC TI Potential use of additivity of mutational effects in simplifying protein engineering SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE crystallography; gene V protein; site-specific mutants; mutational additivity ID GENE-V PROTEIN; PHAGE-T4 LYSOZYME; BACTERIOPHAGE M13; MUTAGENESIS; STABILITY; MUTANTS; NONADDITIVITY; ENERGETICS; BINDING AB The problem of rationally engineering protein molecules can be simplified where effects of mutations on protein function are additive. Crystal structures of single and double mutants in the hydrophobic core of gene V protein indicate that structural and functional effects of core mutations are additive when the regions structurally influenced by the mutations do not substantially overlap. These regions of influence can provide a simple basis for identifying sets of mutations that will show additive effects. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 20 BP 10753 EP 10757 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.20.10753 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VL333 UT WOS:A1996VL33300042 PM 8855252 ER PT J AU Pertsemlidis, A Saxena, AM Soper, AK HeadGordon, T Glaeser, RM AF Pertsemlidis, A Saxena, AM Soper, AK HeadGordon, T Glaeser, RM TI Direct evidence for modified solvent structure within the hydration shell of a hydrophobic amino acid SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER-STRUCTURE; MONTE-CARLO; SIMULATION; METHANE; BOND AB Neutron scattering experiments are used to determine scattering profiles for aqueous solutions of hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acid analogs, Solutions of hydrophobic solutes show a shift in the main diffraction peak to smaller angle as compared with pure water, whereas solutions of hydrophilic solutes do not, The same difference for solutions of hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains is also predicted by molecular dynamics simulations. The neutron scattering curves of aqueous solutions of hydrophobic amino acids at room temperature are qualitatively similar to differences between the liquid molecular structure functions measured for ambient and supercooled water, The nonpolar solute-induced expansion of water structure reported here is also complementary to recent neutron experiments where compression of aqueous solvent structure has been observed at high salt concentration. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,GRAD GRP BIOPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,ISIS FACIL,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Head-Gordon, Teresa/E-5818-2011 NR 32 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 20 BP 10769 EP 10774 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.20.10769 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VL333 UT WOS:A1996VL33300045 PM 8855255 ER PT J AU Huang, LS Voyiaziakis, E Chen, HL Rubin, EM Gordon, JW AF Huang, LS Voyiaziakis, E Chen, HL Rubin, EM Gordon, JW TI A novel functional role for apolipoprotein B in male infertility in heterozygous apolipoprotein B knockout mice SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EMBRYONIC LETHALITY; Y-CHROMOSOME; GENE; FERTILIZATION; HYPOBETALIPOPROTEINEMIA; HOMOZYGOTES; SPERMATOZOA; EXPRESSION; OOCYTES; INVITRO AB Male infertility, affecting as many as 10% of the adult population, is an extremely prevalent disorder, In most cases, the cause of the condition is unknown, and genetic factors that might affect male fertility, other than some sequences on the Y chromosome, have not been identified, We report here that male mice heterozygous for a targeted mutation of the apolipoprotein B (apo B) gene exhibit severely compromised fertility, Sperm from these mice failed to fertilize eggs both in vivo and in vitro, However, these sperm were able to fertilize eggs once the zona pellucida was removed but displayed persistent abnormal binding to the egg after fertilization, Irt vitro fertilization-related and other experiments revealed reduced sperm motility, survival time, and sperm count also contributed to the infertility phenotype, Recognition of the infertility phenotype led to the identification of apo B mRNA in the testes and epididymides of normal mice, and these transcripts were substantially reduced in the affected animals, Moreover, when the genomic sequence encoding human apo B was introduced into these animals, normal fertility was restored. These findings suggest that this genetic locus may have an important impact on male fertility and identify a previously unrecognized function for apo B. C1 MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET GYNECOL,NEW YORK,NY 10029. MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT GERIATR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Huang, LS (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT MED,PH 10-305,630 W 168TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU PHS HHS [H020484] NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 20 BP 10903 EP 10907 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.20.10903 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VL333 UT WOS:A1996VL33300070 PM 8855280 ER PT J AU Bartynski, RA Jensen, E Hulbert, SL Kao, CC AF Bartynski, RA Jensen, E Hulbert, SL Kao, CC TI Auger photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy using synchrontron radiation SO PROGRESS IN SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual International Seminar on Surface Physics CY JUN 10-14, 1996 CL POLANICA ZDROJ, POLAND SP Univ Wroclaw, Inst Exptl Phys, European Phys Soc, Polish Minist Educ, Fdn Polish-German Cooperat, Univ Wroclaw, Fdn Univ Wroclaw, Stefaan Batory Fdn, Int Sci Fdn ID SPECTRA; SURFACE; CU AB The technique of Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy (APECS) is described and illustrated with a case study of the Cu(100) 3p and M(23)VV spectra. APECS offers many advantages over the conventional singles spectroscopy such as isolating overlapping spectral features, reducing secondary electron background, and revealing new decay modes. In the coincidence Cu Auger spectra discussed here, the multiplet structure of the quasi-atomic 3d(8) Auger final state is clearly observed, as well as different intensities for the multiplet components for the p(1/2) and p(3/2) transitions. Furthermore, the spectra reveal evidence for a Coster-Kronig decay channel for 3p(1/2) core holes, and illustrate that the sum of the Auger electron and photoelectron kinetic energies is conserved. Possible technical improvements that can increase the counting efficiency are also discussed. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,SURFACE MODIFICAT LAB,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. BRANDEIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WALTHAM,MA 02254. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP Bartynski, RA (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,POB 849,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855, USA. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0079-6816 J9 PROG SURF SCI JI Prog. Surf. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2-4 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1016/S0079-6816(96)00012-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WM197 UT WOS:A1996WM19700005 ER PT J AU Kellogg, GL AF Kellogg, GL TI Atomic view of cluster diffusion on metal surfaces SO PROGRESS IN SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual International Seminar on Surface Physics CY JUN 10-14, 1996 CL POLANICA ZDROJ, POLAND SP Univ Wroclaw, Inst Exptl Phys, European Phys Soc, Polish Minist Educ, Fdn Polish-German Cooperat, Univ Wroclaw, Fdn Univ Wroclaw, Stefaan Batory Fdn, Int Sci Fdn ID PLATINUM ADATOM CLUSTERS; SELF-DIFFUSION; FRACTAL GROWTH; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISM; BEHAVIOR; RH(100); AG; IR AB Field ion microscope measurements show a strong correlation between the mobility and shape of small clusters on fcc(100) metal surfaces. For self-diffusion on Rh(100) this correlation leads to an oscillatory behavior in the activation energy of surface diffusion as a function of cluster size. Comparison of the measured activation energies to previous theoretical calculations indicate that the mechanism of cluster diffusion involves individual displacements of edge atoms (i.e., perimeter diffusion). The rate-determining step in the migration of clusters is the partial detachment of one of the perimeter atoms. The relative ease of adatom motion along straight edges of stationary clusters also permits measurements of diffusion barriers at steps - measurements useful in the interpretation of fractal vs. compact island growth on fee metal surfaces. RP Kellogg, GL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0079-6816 J9 PROG SURF SCI JI Prog. Surf. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2-4 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0079-6816(96)00019-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WM197 UT WOS:A1996WM19700012 ER PT J AU Tringides, MC AF Tringides, MC TI Collective surface diffusion measurements SO PROGRESS IN SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual International Seminar on Surface Physics CY JUN 10-14, 1996 CL POLANICA ZDROJ, POLAND SP Univ Wroclaw, Inst Exptl Phys, European Phys Soc, Polish Minist Educ, Fdn Polish-German Cooperat, Univ Wroclaw, Fdn Univ Wroclaw, Stefaan Batory Fdn, Int Sci Fdn ID TUNGSTEN; OXYGEN AB The analysis of surface diffusion is more complicated in systems at finite coverage because different atomistic processes, depending on the local environment of an atom should be taken into account. The analysis is simplified under strongly non-equilibrium conditions if one of the processes becomes the dominant one. Different experiments will be reviewed which measure different atomistic processes depending on how far the system is from equilibrium. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP Tringides, MC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6816 J9 PROG SURF SCI JI Prog. Surf. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2-4 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0079-6816(96)00020-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WM197 UT WOS:A1996WM19700013 ER PT J AU Tarver, CM Tao, WC Lee, CG AF Tarver, CM Tao, WC Lee, CG TI Sideways plate push test for detonating solid explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article AB A Sideways Plate Push Test has been developed to quantitatively measure the radial acceleration history of a thin metal plate driven by a detonating solid explosive using Fabry-Perot laser interferometry. This test is designed to compliment the radial expansion cylinder test and axial plate push tests for detonating solid explosives by measuring very precisely the velocity of the metal plate as the explosive reaction products expand from the Von Neumann spike to a volume of approximately three times the initial volume. 1.27 cm thick slabs of LX-14 (HMX-based) and L-X-17 (TATB-based) were detonated to radially accelerate 0.5 mm thick copper and tantalum plates. The measured radial velocity histories of the plates were compared to two-dimensional hydrodynamic computer code calculations of the experiment. These comparisons showed that the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) description of detonation, which neglects the effect of the chemical reaction zone, generally slightly overestimates the radial velocity history of the plate and that the Ignition and Growth Zeldovich-Von Neumann-Doring (ZND) reactive now model, which includes the momentum associated with the chemical reaction zone, yields good agreement with the; Fabry-Perot results. This Sideways Plate Push Test is very useful for determining explosive energy release for applications which depend on the high pressure, early time expansion of the detonation reaction products. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr L282, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tarver, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr L282, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 5 BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1002/prep.19960210506 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA V2979 UT WOS:000169019800005 ER PT J AU Korneev, VA Johnson, LR AF Korneev, VA Johnson, LR TI Scattering of P and S waves by a spherically symmetric inclusion SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE elastic waves; sphere; scattering; diffraction ID ELASTIC-WAVES; HETEROGENEITY; FLAWS AB Scattering of an arbitrary elastic wave incident upon a spherically symmetric inclusion is considered and solutions are developed in terms of the spherical vector system of Petrashen, which produces results in terms of displacements rather than displacement potentials and in a form suitable for accurate numerical computations. Analytical expressions for canonical scattering coefficients are obtained for both the cases of incident P waves and incident S waves. Calculations of energy flux in the scattered waves lead to elastic optical theorems for both P and S waves, which relate the scattering cross sections to the amplitude of the scattered fields in the forward direction. The properties of the solutions for a homogeneous elastic sphere, a sphere filled by fluid, and a spherical cavity are illustrated with scattering cross sections that demonstrate important differences between these types of obstacles. A general result is that the frequency dependence of the scattering is defined by the wavelength of the scattered wave rather than the wavelength of the incident wave. This is consistent with the finding that the intensity of the P-->S scattering is generally much stronger than the S-->P scattering. When averaged over all scattering angles, the mean intensity of the P-->S converted waves is 2V(p)(2)/V-s(4) times the mean intensity of the S-->P converted waves, and this ratio is independent of frequency. The exact solutions reduce to simple and easily used expressions in the case of the low frequency (Rayleigh) approximation and the low contrast (Rayleigh-Born) approximation. The case of energy absorbing inclusions can also be obtained by assigning complex values to the elastic parameters, which leads to the result that an increase in attenuation within the inclusion causes an increased scattering cross section with a marked preference for scattered S waves. The complete generality of the results is demonstrated by showing waves scattered by the earth's core in the time domain, an example of high-frequency scattering that reveals a very complex relationship between geometrical arrivals and diffracted waves. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 147 IS 4 BP 675 EP 718 DI 10.1007/BF01089697 PG 44 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA VT971 UT WOS:A1996VT97100004 ER PT J AU Nieto, MM AF Nieto, MM TI Functional forms for the squeeze and the time-displacement operators SO QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PATH-INTEGRAL APPROACH AB Using Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff relations, the squeeze and harmonic-oscillator time-displacement operators are given in the form exp[delta l]exp[alpha(x(2))]exp[beta(x partial derivative)]exp[gamma(partial derivative)(2)], where alpha, beta, gamma and delta are explicitly determined. The applications are discussed. RP Nieto, MM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 1355-5111 J9 QUANTUM SEMICL OPT JI Quantum Semiclass. Opt. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1061 EP 1066 DI 10.1088/1355-5111/8/5/011 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA VN330 UT WOS:A1996VN33000009 ER PT J AU Abashkin, VM Wester, DW Campbell, JA Grant, KE AF Abashkin, VM Wester, DW Campbell, JA Grant, KE TI Radiation stability of cis-isomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STRONTIUM NITRATE; POLYETHERS; COMPLEXES AB The gamma-ray initiated decomposition of the pure cis-syn-cis and cis-anti-cis stereoisomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH-6) and its strontium nitrate complex was studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry and gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry with integrated doses up to 1.5 MGy and dose rate varying from 3 to 8 Gy/s. The proposed scheme of radiolysis of DCH-6 that is derived from the experimental data is consistent with symmetric initial cleavage of the C-O bonds between the terminal C of the bridging diethylether groups and the O of the cydohexane-1,2-diol groups. The cis-syn-cis isomer of DCH-6 is more stable to gamma-radiation than the cis-anti-cis isomer. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ALL RUSSIAN RES INST CHEM TECHNOL, MOSCOW 115230, RUSSIA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 4 BP 463 EP 472 DI 10.1016/0969-806X(96)00012-6 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VJ820 UT WOS:A1996VJ82000011 ER PT J AU PlaDalmau, A Foster, GW Zhang, G AF PlaDalmau, A Foster, GW Zhang, G TI Gamma-irradiation of coumarins in a polystyrene matrix SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Polystyrene samples doped with commercially available coumarin derivatives were prepared and tested as wavelength shifters for plastic scintillation applications. Radiation damage studies were performed utilizing a Co-60 source. Transmittance and light yield measurements were recorded before and after irradiation (100 kGy), and after annealing of the samples. All samples experienced losses in transmittance and light yield as a result of radiation-induced damage to the polymer and in some cases, the dopant. None of the coumarins examined in this study outperformed the commonly-used green wavelength shifter, K-27, after irradiation. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, POB 500, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 4 BP 519 EP 524 DI 10.1016/0969-806X(95)00474-C PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VJ820 UT WOS:A1996VJ82000018 ER PT J AU Gadbois, DM Crissman, HA Nastasi, A Habbersett, R Wang, SK Chen, D Lehnert, BE AF Gadbois, DM Crissman, HA Nastasi, A Habbersett, R Wang, SK Chen, D Lehnert, BE TI Alterations in the progression of cells through the cell cycle after exposure to alpha particles or gamma rays SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; IONIZING-RADIATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; DNA-DAMAGE; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; LESION COMPLEXITY AB A G(1)-phase delay after exposure to a particles has not been reported previously, perhaps because immortalized cell lines or cell lines from tumor cells were used in past studies. Therefore, we compared the effects of alpha particles (0.19 or 0.57 Gy) and approximately equitoxic doses of gamma rays (2 or 4 Gy) on progression of cells through the cell cycle in normal human skin fibroblasts. Cell cycle analyses were performed using flow cytometry by measuring incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) in each phase of the cell cycle up to 44 h after irradiation. We observed an alpha-particle-induced G(1)-phase delay in human skin fibroblasts even at the lowest dose, 0.19 Gy. At equitoxic doses, more pronounced and persistent G(1)-phase delays and arrests were observed in gamma-irradiated cultures in that increased fractions of the G(1)-phase cells remained BrdUrd(-) over the course of the study after gamma-ray exposure compared to cells exposed to alpha particles. In addition, G(1)-phase cells that became BrdUrd(+) after gamma irradiation re-arrested in G(1) phase, whereas BrdUrd(+) G(1)-phase cells in alpha-particle-irradiated cultures continued cycling. In contrast, comparable percentages of cells were delayed in G(2) phase after either alpha-particle or gamma irradiation. Both gamma and alpha-particle irradiation caused increases in cellular p53 and p21(Cip1) shortly after the exposures, which suggests that the G(1)-phase delay that occurs in response to alpha-particle irradiation is dependent on p53 like the initial G(1)-phase delay induced by gamma rays. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,DNA DAMAGE & REPAIR GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CYTOMETRY GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Gadbois, DM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CELLULAR & MOL BIOL GRP,MS M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01315] NR 74 TC 45 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 146 IS 4 BP 414 EP 424 DI 10.2307/3579303 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VK984 UT WOS:A1996VK98400007 PM 8927713 ER PT J AU Dees, C Garrett, S Henley, D Travis, C AF Dees, C Garrett, S Henley, D Travis, C TI Effects of 60-Hz fields, estradiol and xenoestrogens on human breast cancer cells SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA-BINDING; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; P53 PROTEIN; HYPOTHESIS; HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; HEALTH AB If exposure to xenoestrogens or electromagnetic fields (EMFs) such as 60 Hz contributes to the etiology of breast cancer, it is likely that they must stimulate the growth of breast cells, damage genetic material or enhance the effects of other mitogenic or mutagenic agents (co-promotion). Therefore, the ability of xenoestrogens or exposure to 60-Hz fields to stimulate the entry of growth-arrested human breast cancer cells into the cell cycle was determined using cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) activity, synthesis of cyclin D1 and cdc2 activity. Exposure of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 or T-47D cells to estrogen and xenoestrogens (DDT and Red No. 3) increased Cdk2 and cyclin B1-cdc2 activity and cyclin D1 synthesis. Exposure of breast cancer cells to 12 mG or 1 or 9 G electromagnetic fields at 60 Hz failed to stimulate Cdk2 or cyclin B1-cdc2 activity or cyclin D1 synthesis. Simultaneous co-exposure of cells to 60-Hz fields and chemical promoters did not enhance Cdk2 activation above the levels produced by the chemical promoter alone. Estrogen and xenoestrogens also stimulated binding of the estrogen receptor to the estrogen receptor element but the EMF did not. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced phosphorylation of p53 and pRb105 in MCF-7 cells, but EMF exposure had no effect. DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents and Red Dye No. 3 were found to increase p53 site-specific DNA binding in breast cancer cells, but EMF exposure did not. Differential display analysis failed to detect any effect of EMF exposure on gene expression in MCF-7 cells, whereas the effects of estradiol were detected. These studies suggest that estrogen and xenoestrogens stimulate growth-arrested breast cancer cells to enter the growth cycle, but EMF exposure does not. Site-specific p53-DNA binding was increased in MCF-7 cells treated with DNA-damaging agents, but not by EMF exposure. EMF exposure does not appear to act as a promoter or DNA-damaging agent for human breast cancer cells in vitro. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37916. RP Dees, C (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,RISK ANAL SECT,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 146 IS 4 BP 444 EP 452 DI 10.2307/3579306 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VK984 UT WOS:A1996VK98400010 PM 8927716 ER PT J AU Srdoc, D Marino, SA AF Srdoc, D Marino, SA TI Microdosimetry of monoenergetic neutrons SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Tissue spheres 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mu m in diameter were simulated using a wall-less spherical counter filled with propane-based tissue-equivalent gas, Microdosimetric spectra corresponding to these site sizes were measured for five neutron energies (0.22, 0.44, 1.5, 6 and 14 MeV) and the related mean values (y(F)) over bar and (y(D)) over bar were calculated for several site sizes and neutron energies, An elaborate calibration technique combining soft X rays, an Fe-55 photon source and a collimated Cm-244 alpha-particle source was used throughout the measurements. The spectra and their mean values are compared with theoretically calculated values for ICRU standard tissue. The agreement between the calculated and the measured data is good in spite of a systematic discrepancy, which could be attributed, in part, to the difference in elemental composition between the tissue-equivalent gas and plastic used in the counter and the ICRU standard tissue used in the calculations. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research Society C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,CTR RADIOL RES,NEW YORK,NY 10032. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 146 IS 4 BP 466 EP 474 DI 10.2307/3579309 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VK984 UT WOS:A1996VK98400013 PM 8927719 ER PT J AU Smith, CL Fowler, RD AF Smith, CL Fowler, RD TI SAPHIRE 'recover cut sets' editor: A technique for automating the manipulation of PRA cut sets SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article AB The accident sequence cut sets generated for a probabilistic risk analysis generally require some manipulation to account for special modelling concerns. This paper presents a method of efficiently manipulating cut sets, specifically for the modelling concerns of (a) post-accident operator recovery actions, (b) common cause failure modelling, and (c) removal of mutually exclusive events. The method presented consists of logic rules that define a cut set search criteria and changes to be applied to the cut sets meeting the search criteria. While this method of cut set manipulation is demonstrated using the 'Recover Cut Sets' editor in the SAPHIRE risk assessment computer code, it is proposed that this methodology could become a standard method for cut set manipulation. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited. RP Smith, CL (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(96)00106-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA VZ242 UT WOS:A1996VZ24200005 ER PT J AU Wachter, EA Thundat, T Oden, PI Warmack, RJ Datskos, PG Sharp, SL AF Wachter, EA Thundat, T Oden, PI Warmack, RJ Datskos, PG Sharp, SL TI Remote optical detection using microcantilevers SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FORCE MICROSCOPE CANTILEVERS AB The feasibility of microcantilever-based optical detection is demonstrated. Microcantilevers may provide a simple means for developing single-element and multielement infrared sensors that are smaller, more sensitive, and lower in cost than quantum well, thermoelectric, or bolometric sensors. Here we specifically report here on an evaluation of laboratory prototypes that are based on commercially available microcantilevers, such as those used in atomic force microscopy. In this work, optical transduction techniques were used to measure microcantilever response to remote sources of thermal energy. The noise equivalent power at 20 Hz for room temperature microcantilevers was found to be approximately 3.5 nW/root Hz, with a specific detectivity of 3.6x10(7) cm Hz(1/2)/W, when an uncoated microcantilever was irradiated by a low-power diode laser operating at 786 nm. Operation is shown to be possible from de to kHz frequencies, and the effect of cantilever shape and the role of absorptive coatings are discussed. Finally, spectral response in the midinfrared is evaluated using both coated and uncoated microcantilevers. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CONSULTEC SCI INC,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. RP Wachter, EA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 3434 EP 3439 DI 10.1063/1.1147149 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VN037 UT WOS:A1996VN03700008 ER PT J AU Funsten, HO Suszcynsky, DM Harper, RW AF Funsten, HO Suszcynsky, DM Harper, RW TI Mean secondary electron yield of avalanche electrons in the channels of a microchannel plate detector SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID HIGH COUNT RATES; DETECTION EFFICIENCY; EMISSION; MODEL; GAIN; MULTIPLIER; STATISTICS; DEPENDENCE; OPERATION; ABSOLUTE AB By modeling the statistical evolution of an avalanche created by 20 keV protons impacting the input surface of a z-stack microchannel plate (MCP) detector, the mean secondary electron yield ye of avalanche electrons propagating through a MCP channel is measured to equal 1.37 for 760 V per MCP in the z stack. This value agrees with other studies that used MCP gain measurements to infer gamma(C). The technique described here to measure gamma(C) is independent of gain saturation effects and simplifying assumptions used in the segmented dynode model, both of which can introduce errors when inferring ye through gain measurements. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 EG&G ENERGY MEASUREMENTS INC,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP Funsten, HO (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039 NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 3478 EP 3482 DI 10.1063/1.1147162 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VN037 UT WOS:A1996VN03700015 ER PT J AU Perkins, LT Herz, PR Leung, KN Pickard, DS AF Perkins, LT Herz, PR Leung, KN Pickard, DS TI Technique for the removal of electrons from an extracted, pulsed, H- ion beam SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A small, permanent-magnet insert structure for the removal of electrons from pulsed, extracted, negative ion beams has been developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The device was computer modeled and designed for an extraction field strength of 3 kV/mm. The testing was carried out with a rf driven multicusp ion source optimized for the production of H- ions and pulsed at a few Hz with pulse widths of several hundreds of mu s. It is demonstrated that the insert structure together with a collar can remove over 98% of electrons from the extracted H- ion beam without any significant deterioration of the H- ion output. Application to other negative ion beams can be expected from this magnetic collar insert. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Perkins, LT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 3497 EP 3500 DI 10.1063/1.1147166 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VN037 UT WOS:A1996VN03700019 ER PT J AU Woskov, PP Rhee, DY Thomas, P Cohn, DR Surma, JE Titus, CH AF Woskov, PP Rhee, DY Thomas, P Cohn, DR Surma, JE Titus, CH TI Microwave plasma continuous emissions monitor for trace-metals in furnace exhaust SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME; SPECTROMETRY; POLLUTANTS; GAS AB A microwave plasma continuous emissions monitor has been successfully demonstrated for sensitive (< 1 ppb), real time measurements of trace metals in furnace exhaust. The instrument uses a robust, up to 1.5 kW, 2.45 GHz microwave plasma sustained in a portion of the undiluted furnace exhaust flow for atomic emission spectroscopy. The waveguide device is constructed of refractory materials compatible with high-temperature environments (> 500 degrees C) and is flange mountable into the inside of the furnace exhaust duct. Fused quartz fiber optics in close proximity to the plasma flame transmit the UV through visible emission (190-690 nm) to three spectrometers for simultaneous monitoring of several metals. This instrument has been used for continuous monitoring for a 49 h period with 0.5 s time resolution on a de graphite electrode are furnace during a soil vitrification test. Results are presented for chromium, manganese, and iron emissions during soil loading operations. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. T&R ASSOCIATES, WAYNE, PA 19087 USA. RP Woskov, PP (reprint author), MIT, CTR PLASMA FUS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 3700 EP 3707 DI 10.1063/1.1147058 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VN037 UT WOS:A1996VN03700058 ER PT J AU Buchalla, G Buras, AJ Lautenbacher, ME AF Buchalla, G Buras, AJ Lautenbacher, ME TI Weak decays beyond leading logarithms SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID TOP-QUARK MASS; DIRECT CP VIOLATION; RARE B-DECAYS; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; LONGITUDINAL MUON POLARIZATION; INCLUSIVE SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; RENORMALIZED GREENS FUNCTIONS; ANOMALOUS DIMENSION MATRIX; OPERATOR PRODUCT EXPANSION; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY AB We review the present status of QCD corrections to weak decays beyond the leading-logarithmic approximation, including particle-antiparticle mixing and rare and CP-violating decays. After presenting the basic formalism for these calculations we discuss in detail the effective Hamiltonians of all decays for which the next-to-leading-order corrections are known. Subsequently, we present the phenomenological implications of these calculations. The values of various parameters are updated, in particular the mass of the newly discovered top quark. One of the central issues in this review are the theoretical uncertainties related to renormalization-scale ambiguities, which are substantially reduced by including next-to-leading-order corrections. The impact of this theoretical improvement on the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix is then illustrated. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH, DEPT PHYS, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS, WERNER HEISENBERG INST, D-80805 MUNICH, GERMANY. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, THEORY GRP, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RP FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, DEPT THEORET PHYS, POB 500, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. NR 305 TC 1600 Z9 1610 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1125 EP 1244 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.68.1125 PG 120 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VN915 UT WOS:A1996VN91500004 ER PT J AU Ames, BN Gold, L Shigenaga, MK AF Ames, BN Gold, L Shigenaga, MK TI Cancer prevention, rodent high-dose cancer tests, and risk assessment SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Letter ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCY DATABASE; HEPATOCELLULAR PROLIFERATION; CELL-PROLIFERATION; MUTAGENIC NONCARCINOGENS; OXIDATIVE EVENTS; IN-VIVO; MICE; RATS; LIVER; HEPATOCARCINOGENICITY C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Ames, BN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,DIV BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,401 BARKER HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 39910]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO 1896] NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 613 EP 617 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb00810.x PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400004 PM 8962512 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Energy, environment and the economy Asian perspectives - Kleindorfer,PR, Kunreuther,HC, Kong,DS SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 727 EP 728 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400019 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Risk assessment for veterinary biologicals, scientific and technical review - Off-Int-Epizooties SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 727 EP 727 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400018 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Pesticides in the hydrologic system, vol 1, Pesticides in the atmosphere - Majewski,MS, Capel,PD SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 727 EP 727 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400016 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Construction safety planning - McCollum,DV SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 727 EP 727 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400017 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Forecast and solution: Grappling with the nuclear - Jeanes,I SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 728 EP 728 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400020 ER PT J AU Baldwin, E AF Baldwin, E TI Human error reduction and safety management, 3rd edition - Peterson,D, Reinhold,VN SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HLTH SCI RES DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 728 EP 728 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VY474 UT WOS:A1996VY47400021 ER PT J AU Rao, SM Brinker, CJ Ross, TJ AF Rao, SM Brinker, CJ Ross, TJ TI Environmental microscopy in stone conservation SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE environmental microscopy; stone preservation; weathering protection AB The natural weathering of stone is accelerated by the combined effects of acid rain, salt crystallization, and the freeze-thaw cycles of water. Since weathering will take place until the system reaches chemical equilibrium, we can mitigate the loss to historic stone monuments and structures by treatments of the stone that retard hydrolysis and impart mechanical strength. While macroscopic studies of stone weathering have been performed addressing the causes, the reactions, and the kinetics involved, the mechanisms of weathering, and the chemical remediation of stone need to be better understood at a microscopic level. Our approach uses environmental scanning electron microscopy where samples can be imaged in their wet, natural state, thus facilitating the in situ study of the weathering processes. The environment in the microscope is set up to simulate the conditions of degradation by introducing corrosive liquids and gases and varying the temperature, pressure, and water content in the environmental chamber of the microscope. In this study, we observed specimens of limestone, treated calcite, and sandstone, We have characterized the morphology, structure, and chemical constituents of the samples for comparison at a later stage when protective coatings will be applied. In situ leaching tests were performed on limestone samples to study the mechanisms of degradation. Granular disintegration due to leaching of the binding material between the grains was seen. We have also observed, in situ, the changes in the structure of sodium sulfate, used in salt crystallization tests, during hydration and dehydration cycles; it changed from that of dense grains to hydrated mesoporous granules with the generation of new surface area. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,CERAM SYNTHESIS & INORGAN CHEM DEPT 1846,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD OCT PY 1996 VL 18 IS 7 BP 508 EP 514 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA VN102 UT WOS:A1996VN10200008 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, JK Onstott, TC AF Fredrickson, JK Onstott, TC TI Microbes deep inside the earth SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article C1 PACIFIC NW NATL LAB, RICHLAND, WA USA. PRINCETON UNIV, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS SCI, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. RP Fredrickson, JK (reprint author), US DOE, SUBSURFACE SCI PROGRAM, WASHINGTON, DC USA. NR 4 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 15 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 275 IS 4 BP 68 EP 73 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VG523 UT WOS:A1996VG52300026 PM 8797299 ER PT J AU Campbell, GH Chan, DK Medlin, DL Angelo, JE Carter, CB AF Campbell, GH Chan, DK Medlin, DL Angelo, JE Carter, CB TI Dynamic observation of the FCC to 9R shear transformation in a copper Sigma=3 incoherent twin boundary SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; METALS; AG; CU C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,SURFACE & MICROSTRUCT RES DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Campbell, GH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CHEM & MAT SCI DIRECTORATE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010; Carter, C. Barry/E-6478-2010 OI Carter, C. Barry/0000-0003-4251-9102 NR 13 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 837 EP 842 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(96)00220-5 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VF970 UT WOS:A1996VF97000009 ER PT J AU Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Fort, D AF Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Fort, D TI Superheating and other unusual observations regarding the first order phase transition in Dy SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID DYSPROSIUM C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH MET & MAT,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. RP Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 843 EP 848 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(96)00225-4 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VF970 UT WOS:A1996VF97000010 ER PT J AU Vogt, M Shoemaker, E Turner, T AF Vogt, M Shoemaker, E Turner, T TI A trainable cermet gas microsensor technology using cyclic voltammetry and neural networks SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the 6th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors CY JUL 22-25, 1996 CL GAITHERSBURG, MD DE gas; sensor; cermet; voltammetry; neural; intelligent AB Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has been developing an economical, new type of gas microsensor to evaluate and demonstrate a new gas sensing technology. The device employs neural data processing to decipher the complex information made available by applying cyclic voltammetry to a rugged, miniature cermet (ceramic metallic) sensing device. The device has demonstrated the potential to address many industrial, safety, and environmental applications. The ANL system employs stepped cyclic voltammetry to produce electrical 'signatures' from a cermet sensor sandwich. The sensors are composed of four overlapping screen-printed thick-films built on a ceramic substrate with an incorporated platinum heating element built on the reverse side from the sensor. The first film is a nickel metal oxide layer that provides a reference source of ions for the sensing device. This is followed by a sandwich of two platinum catalytic electrode layers separated by a tungsten-stabilized bismuth oxide solid electrolyte layer. As a cyclic voltage is ramped across the upper and lower catalytic electrodes (through the solid electrolyte), gases react at the three phase gas/solid electrolyte/electrode boundary and cause a change in the measured ionic current flowing through the sensor. This associates a unique current-voltage profile with each gas species exposed to the sensor. This profile is then digitally sampled into a signature and computational neural networks are used to process the signature and train the sensor support electronics to identify and quantify the gas or mixture. The electrocatalytic (EC) multigas microsensor technology is still under development, but exhibits significant potential advantages over many other commercial gas-sensor technologies. The advantages of the EC microsensor approach are: (a) small size - current prototype microsensor is 2 x 3 x 0.1 mm; Supported by palm-sized micro-electronics package; (b) rugged cermet materials, suitable for high-temperature operation (100-500 degrees C); (c) demonstrated 'flash' forced overheating (>500 degrees C) to vaporize organic contaminants; (d) demonstrated multigas monitoring potential; (e) demonstrated proof-of-concept in detecting low ppm to high percent levels of O-2, N-2, CO2, CO, CH4 (and other HCs), and NO; (f) flexible identification and quantification with neural data processing techniques; (g) flexible interfacing with programmable output. The ANL technology produces a 'smart' sensor through the use of a dedicated programmable microcontroller. It demonstrates a viable mechanism for a variety of gas monitoring and process control applications. The trainability of the device in specific environments, coupled with rugged construction materials and a powerful measurement technique, give the device the potential to overcome many of the limitations which have plagued other technologies. RP Vogt, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 1-3 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(97)80098-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WJ775 UT WOS:A1996WJ77500020 ER PT J AU Lu, YF Han, L Brinker, CJ Niemczyk, TM Lopez, GP AF Lu, YF Han, L Brinker, CJ Niemczyk, TM Lopez, GP TI Chemical sensors based on hydrophobic porous sol-gel films and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the 6th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors CY JUL 22-25, 1996 CL GAITHERSBURG, MD DE FTIR; ATR; sol-gel; thin film; optical sensor; chemical sensor ID CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; WATER; PHASES AB A new chemical sensor based on attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy has been fabricated by coating an ATR crystal with a hydrophobic mesoporous silica film. The highly porous coating can extract hydrophobic analytes, such as benzene, from aqueous solutions and concentrate them inside the film. The enrichment of the analytes inside the film provides the sensor with enhanced sensitivity. The hydrophobic porous film can efficiently exclude water from the region probed by the evanescent wave, thus eliminating the spectral interference due to water absorption bands. Measurement of nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms of the films using surface acoustic wave techniques has been used to characterize the pore structure of the films. Relationships between the structure of the porous film and sensor performance are discussed. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR MICROENGN MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 1-3 BP 517 EP 521 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(97)80122-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WJ775 UT WOS:A1996WJ77500044 ER PT J AU Faber, V Joubert, W Knill, E Manteuffel, T AF Faber, V Joubert, W Knill, E Manteuffel, T TI Minimal residual method stronger than polynomial preconditioning SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE linear systems; iterative methods; nonsymmetric; nonnormal matrix; GMRES; polynomial preconditioning; convergence; field of values ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS; ALGORITHM; GMRES AB This paper compares the convergence behavior of two popular iterative methods for solving systems of linear equations: the s-step restarted minimal residual method (commonly implemented by algorithms such as GMRES(s)) and (s - 1)-degree polynomial preconditioning. It is known that for normal matrices, and in particular for symmetric positive definite matrices, the convergence bounds for the two methods are the same. In this paper we demonstrate that for matrices unitarily equivalent to an upper triangular Toeplitz matrix, a similar result holds; namely, either both methods converge or both fail to converge. However, we show this result cannot be generalized to all matrices. Specifically, we develop a method, based on convexity properties of the generalized held of values of powers of the iteration matrix, to obtain examples of real matrices for which GMRES(s) converges for every initial vector, but every (s - 1)-degree polynomial preconditioning stagnates or diverges for some initial vector. C1 UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Faber, V (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0895-4798 J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 707 EP 729 DI 10.1137/S0895479895286748 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VK900 UT WOS:A1996VK90000001 ER PT J AU Bischof, CH Sun, XB AF Bischof, CH Sun, XB TI On tridiagonalizing and diagonalizing symmetric matrices with repeated eigenvalues SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE tridiagonalization; eigenvalue decomposition; repeated eigenvalues ID WY REPRESENTATION; PRODUCTS; STORAGE AB We describe a divide-and-conquer tridiagonalization approach for matrices with repeated eigenvalues. Our algorithm hinges on the fact that, under easily constructively verifiable conditions, a symmetric matrix with band width b and k distinct eigenvalues must be block diagonal with diagonal blocks of size at most bk. A slight modification of the usual orthogonal band-reduction algorithm allows us to reveal this structure, which then leads to potential parallelism in the form of independent diagonal blocks. Compared to the usual Householder reduction algorithm, the new approach exhibits improved data locality, significantly more scope for parallelism, and the potential to reduce arithmetic complexity by close to 50% for matrices that have only two numerically distinct eigenvalues. The actual improvement depends to a large extent on the number of distinct eigenvalues and a good estimate thereof. However, at worst the algorithms behave like a successive band-reduction approach to tridiagonalization. Moreover, we provide a numerically reliable and effective algorithm for computing the eigenvalue decomposition of a symmetric matrix with two numerically distinct eigenvalues. Such matrices arise, for example, in invariant subspace decomposition approaches to the symmetric eigenvalue problem. C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,DURHAM,NC 27708. RP Bischof, CH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bischof, Christian/D-2897-2009 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0895-4798 J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 869 EP 885 DI 10.1137/S0895479892227608 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VK900 UT WOS:A1996VK90000010 ER PT J AU Lee, SL AF Lee, SL TI Best available bounds for departure from normality SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE nonnormal matrix; departure from normality; condition numbers; eigenvalues ID MATRICES AB The best available bounds for the departure from normality of a matrix are given. The significant properties of these lower and upper bounds are also described. For example, one of the upper bounds is a practical estimate that costs (at most) 2m multiplications, where m is the number of nonzeros in the matrix. In terms of applications, the results can be used to bound from above the sensitivity of eigenvalues to matrix perturbations or to bound from below the distance to the closest normal matrix. RP Lee, SL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,POB 2008,BLDG 6012,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER PH#382-9800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 SN 0895-4798 J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 984 EP 991 DI 10.1137/S0895479895285263 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VK900 UT WOS:A1996VK90000015 ER PT J AU Mascarenhas, A Zhang, Y Alonso, R Froyen, S AF Mascarenhas, A Zhang, Y Alonso, R Froyen, S TI Orientational superlattices in ordered GaInP2 SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE semiconductors; order-disordered effects; electronic band structure ID SINGLE-VARIANT; BAND; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Novel results on the electronic properties of superlattices of orientational domain boundaries in ordered GaInP2 are presented. These superlattices exhibit spatially varying amplitudes for their Bloch states, modifications to the band gap, and the appearance of sub-bands and minigaps resulting from periodic perturbations to the angular momentum of electrons. Characteristic features of five distinct polytype structures are discussed in relation to their symmetries. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd RP Mascarenhas, A (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 47 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(96)00375-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VH118 UT WOS:A1996VH11800010 ER PT J AU Benedict, LX Louie, SG Cohen, ML AF Benedict, LX Louie, SG Cohen, ML TI Heat capacity of carbon nanotubes SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE heat capacity ID TUBULES; GRAPHITE; MICROTUBULES AB The low-temperature behavior of the heat capacity, C-v, of carbon nanotubes is estimated in order to address the question: How small must nanotubes be for C-v to be measurably different from that of bulk graphite? We predict that all single-walled tubes should have C-v proportional to T at sufficiently low temperature, even if the tubes are semiconducting. The range of temperature and tube radii for which this is expected to be observable is shown to be well within current experimental constraints. Multi-walled tubes are also discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Benedict, LX (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 146 Z9 148 U1 3 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(96)00386-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VJ701 UT WOS:A1996VJ70100010 ER PT J AU Kim, KH Torgeson, DR Borsa, F Cho, J Martin, SW Svare, I AF Kim, KH Torgeson, DR Borsa, F Cho, J Martin, SW Svare, I TI Distribution of activation energies explains ionic motion in glassy fast ion conductors: Li-7 NMR spin-lattice relaxation and ionic conductivity in xLi(2)S+(1-x)GeS2 SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE distribution of activation energies; fast ion conductors; nuclear spin-lattice relaxation; ionic conductivity; lithium glassy ionic conductors ID TEMPERATURE AC CONDUCTIVITY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ALKALI OXIDE GLASSES; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SUPERIONIC GLASSES; MODULUS FORMALISM; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB We report Li-7 nuclear spin-lattice relaxation (NSLR) measured at 4, 12.1 and 22 MHz, and conductivity measured from 1 Hz to 10 MHz from 100 to 500 K, on a series of xLi(2)S + (1-x)GeS2 glasses with x = 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55. These data were used to examine the quality of the model for the ionic motion and the ionic conductivity in Li+ glassy fast ion conductors (FIC) obtained by describing the ionic hopping motion with a distribution of activation energies (DEA) derived from the Li-7 NSLR. We find that the distribution of activation energies obtained from NMR and the percolation threshold in the barrier distribution obtained from conductivity are a function of the composition of the glass. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV TRONDHEIM,NTH,DEPT PHYS,N-7034 TRONDHEIM,NORWAY. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS A VOLTA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. RI Cho, Jaephil/E-4265-2010 NR 50 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 91 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(96)00431-6 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VY742 UT WOS:A1996VY74200002 ER PT J AU Hsieh, G Ford, SJ Mason, TO Pederson, LR AF Hsieh, G Ford, SJ Mason, TO Pederson, LR TI Experimental limitations in impedance spectroscopy .1. Simulation of reference electrode artifacts in three-point measurements SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE impedance spectroscopy; reference electrodes ID LOW CONDUCTIVITY MEDIA; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; PT/YSZ; MODEL; CELL AB Impedance studies on test circuits demonstrated that three-point measurements are susceptible to voltage divider distortion/artifacts if the reference electrode impedance approaches the analyzer input impedance. These features can be avoided by using an instrument with a high input impedance or a reference electrode with a low input impedance. A correction procedure is also presented. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Hsieh, G (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. RI Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009 NR 22 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 91 IS 3-4 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(96)00481-X PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VZ563 UT WOS:A1996VZ56300004 ER PT J AU Hsieh, G Mason, TO Pederson, LR AF Hsieh, G Mason, TO Pederson, LR TI Experimental limitations in impedance spectroscopy .2. Electrode artifacts in three-point measurements on Pt/YSZ SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE impedance spectroscopy; YSZ; Pt electrode ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTANCE; MODEL AB High temperature (570-750 degrees C) three-point impedance measurements on the system Pt/YSZ using a platinum reference electrode exhibited distortions/artifacts due to the voltage divider effect. These distortions could be avoided by using a lower impedance reference electrode (Ag) or employing an instrument with a higher input impedance. A correction procedure was also successful. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009 NR 25 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 91 IS 3-4 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(96)00403-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VZ563 UT WOS:A1996VZ56300005 ER PT J AU Caetano, M Mao, XL Russo, RE AF Caetano, M Mao, XL Russo, RE TI Laser ablation solid sampling: Vertical spatial emission intensity profiles in inductively coupled plasma SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE atomic emission spectroscopy; inductively coupled plasma; laser ablation; noble gases; solid sampling; vertical spatial emission intensity profile ID LA-ICP-MS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ATOMIC EMISSION; SLURRY NEBULIZATION; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; GLASS; VAPORIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Spectral emission intensity in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was measured versus height above the load coil during laser ablation solid-sample introduction. The laser-beam pulse width, power density, and wavelength, and the sample composition are know to effect the particle size distribution of the ablated mass. Ceramic and metal samples were ablated using nanosecond and picosecond pulses, and provided similar emission intensity profiles for common elements, indicating that changes in the particle size distribution are not manifested in the vertical spatial emission profile. The gas environment in the ablation chamber also influences the particle size distribution as well as the ablation interaction. Gas composition will influence the spatial emission intensity profile because of changes in the excitation characteristics of the ICP. A preliminary study using noble gases in the ablation interaction was conducted by keeping the spatial profile constant, maintaining a constant total gas composition to the ICP. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CENT UNIV VENEZUELA,ESCUELA QUIM,CARACAS 1041A,VENEZUELA. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1473 EP 1485 DI 10.1016/0584-8547(96)01539-X PG 13 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA VT194 UT WOS:A1996VT19400005 ER PT J AU Hagen, MR Kupperman, DS Goretta, KC Lanagan, MT AF Hagen, MR Kupperman, DS Goretta, KC Lanagan, MT TI Liquid phase sintering and microstructure development of Ag-clad Tl-1223 superconductor SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TAPES; TL AB The phase evolution and electrical properties of TI-1223 tapes were explored near the incongruent melt temperature. Liquid phase evolution was monitored as a function of time and temperature by an acoustic velocity monitor. The phase development kinetics for TI-based superconductors are more than one order of magnitude faster than the kinetics of Bi-based superconductors. Three separate powder mixtures (Tl2O3 + Ba2Ca2Cu3O7, TlBa2CaCu2Ox + CaCuO2, and TlBa2Ca2Cu3Oy) were used in powder-in-tube processing. Oxygen partial pressure had a significant effect on melt behaviour and microstructure development. RP Hagen, MR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 10 BP 898 EP 904 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/9/10/012 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM233 UT WOS:A1996VM23300012 ER PT J AU Munson, CP Faehl, RJ Henins, F Nastasi, M Reass, WA Rej, DJ Scheuer, JT Walter, KC Wood, BP AF Munson, CP Faehl, RJ Henins, F Nastasi, M Reass, WA Rej, DJ Scheuer, JT Walter, KC Wood, BP TI Recent advances in plasma source ion implantation at Los Alamos National Laboratory SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 95) CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN SP INASMET DE implantation; plasma; diamond-like carbon ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; MODEL; GEOMETRIES; SIMULATION; PROFILES; BEHAVIOR; FILMS AB Plasma source ion implantation (PSII) is an environmentally benign, potentially cost-effective alternative to conventional line-of-sight, accelerator-based implantation and wet-chemical plating processes. PSII offers the potential of producing a high dose of ions in a relatively simple, fast and cost-effective manner, allowing the simultaneous implantation of large surface areas (many square meters), complex shapes and multiple components. The dynamics of the transient plasma sheath present during PSII have been modeled in both 1 1/2-D and 2 1/2-D (one or two spatial dimensions, plus time), and recent results from these efforts are compared with measurements of the uniformity of the implanted ion dose in complex configurations. Ammonia gas (NH,) has been used as a nitrogen source for PSII processing of electroplated hard chromium. A retained dose of 2.2 x 10(17) N atoms cm(-2) has been demonstrated to increase the surface hardness of the electroplated Cr by 24%, and decrease the wear rate by a factor of four, without any evidence of increased hydrogen concentration in the bulk material. By adjusting the repetition rate of the applied voltage pulses, and therefore the power input to the target, controlled, elevated temperature implantations have been performed, resulting in enhanced diffusion of the implanted species with a thicker modified surface layer. Experimental work has been performed utilizing cathodic arcs as sources of metallic ions for implantation, and preliminary results of this work are given. The area of ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) has been explored utilizing PSII, with large surface area diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers being generated which can exhibit hardnesses in excess of 20 GPa. RP Munson, CP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 48 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 528 EP 536 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(95)02836-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VK485 UT WOS:A1996VK48500037 ER PT J AU Brown, IG Anders, A Anders, S Dickinson, MR MacGill, RA Oks, EM AF Brown, IG Anders, A Anders, S Dickinson, MR MacGill, RA Oks, EM TI Recent advances in vacuum are ion sources SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 95) CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN SP INASMET DE ion source; metal ions; vacuum are; ion implantation; surface modification ID ARC PLASMAS; BROAD-BEAM; IMPLANTATION FACILITY; ALLOY CATHODES; ACCELERATORS; INJECTION; FILTERS; SPOTS; FLUX AB Intense beams of metal ions can be formed from a vacuum are ion source. This kind of source works well for most of the solid metals of the Periodic Table, and because the ions are, in general, multiply stripped with charge states as high as 4+ to 6+, the mean energy of the ion beam produced can be 100-200 keV for an extractor voltage in the comfortable range of about 50-75 kV. Broad-beam extraction is convenient, and the time-averaged ion beam current delivered downstream can readily be in the tens of milliamperes range. The vacuum are ion source has, for these reasons, found good application for metallurgical surface modification: it provides relatively simple and inexpensive access to high dose metal ion implantation. Several important source developments have been demonstrated recently, including very-broad-beam operation, macroparticle removal, charge state enhancement and the formation of gaseous beams. We have made a very-broad-beam source embodiment with beam formation electrodes 50 cm in diameter (area, 2000 cm(2)), producing a beam with a width of approximately 35 cm for a nominal beam area of about 1000 cm(2), and a pulsed Ti beam current of about 7 A was formed at a mean ion energy of approximately 100 keV. Separately, we have developed a high efficiency macroparticle-removing magnetic filter and have incorporated such a filter into a vacuum are ion source so as to form macroparticle-free ion beams. Jointly with researchers at the High Current Electronics Institute, Tomsk, Russia and the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt, Germany, we have developed a compact technique for increasing the charge states of ions produced in the vacuum are plasma, thus providing a simple means of increasing the ion energy at fixed extractor voltage. Finally, operation with mixed metal and gaseous ion species has been demonstrated. In this paper, we briefly review the operation of vacuum are ion sources and the typical beam and implantation parameters that can be obtained, and describe these source advances and their bearing on metal ion implantation applications. C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST HIGH CURRENT ELECT,TOMSK 634050,RUSSIA. TOMSK STATE ACAD CONTROL SYST & RADIOELECT,TOMSK 634050,RUSSIA. RP Brown, IG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Oks, Efim/A-9409-2014; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016 OI Oks, Efim/0000-0002-9323-0686; Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; NR 38 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 550 EP 556 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(95)02833-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VK485 UT WOS:A1996VK48500040 ER PT J AU Zehner, DM AF Zehner, DM TI Atomic structure and composition of clean and adsorbate modified surfaces of ordered and random alloys SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Physics and Chemistry of Alloy Surfaces Seminar CY APR 17-21, 1994 CL KURORT RATHEN, GERMANY ID RIPPLED RELAXATION; ION-SCATTERING; RECONSTRUCTION; NIAL(110); TAC(110) AB As a consequence of bulk truncation, the atomic structure and composition within the surface region of an ordered or random alloy may differ significantly from that of the bulk. Specifically, the response to the rearrangement resulting from the reduction of surface energy may cause elemental redistribution within the outermost layers and two- or three-dimensional atomic reordering. Furthermore, the presence of adsorbates may have a pronounced effect on these properties and cause significant changes. These properties for some surfaces of transition-metal aluminides, transition-metal carbides, and random alloys will be presented. RP Zehner, DM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 3 IS 5-6 BP 1637 EP 1650 DI 10.1142/S0218625X96002606 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WF208 UT WOS:A1996WF20800002 ER PT J AU Hammer, L Kottcke, M Heinz, K Muller, K Zehner, DM AF Hammer, L Kottcke, M Heinz, K Muller, K Zehner, DM TI Adsorbate-induced variation of the structure and composition of the Mo0.75Re0.25(100) surface SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Physics and Chemistry of Alloy Surfaces Seminar CY APR 17-21, 1994 CL KURORT RATHEN, GERMANY ID ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; FACE-RELATED SEGREGATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; SANDWICH SEGREGATION; VIBRATIONAL-MODES; ION-SCATTERING; MO(100); CHEMISORPTION; OXYGEN; LEED AB Clean random alloy surfaces usually exhibit non-bulklike concentration profiles. Adsorption at low temperatures does not modify these profiles as there is thermal activation for interdiffusion of surface atoms required. For strongly chemisorbed species like oxygen or carbon, however, the activation barrier can be overcome prior to desorption leading to a new equilibrium distribution of the surface constituents. This paper summarizes the results of different LEED-I(V) studies on the adsorption of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon on the (100) face of the random alloy Mo0.75Re0.25. Hydrogen, which desorbs near room temperature, is found to affect the interlayer spacings only, whilst the concentration profile remains completely unchanged. In contrast, enhanced molybdenum segregation at temperatures above 600 degrees C is shown to happen with oxygen and carbon adsorption leading to exclusive Mo-C and Mo-O bonds, respectively. The surface structures formed for high coverages differ substantially from each other. Oxygen induces a missing row structure and is bound in a ''quasi'' three-fold coordinated site. In contrast, carbon is adsorbed in five-fold hollow sites at the surface and in six-fold coordinated octahedral subsurface sites. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP Hammer, L (reprint author), UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG, LEHRSTUHL FESTKORPERPHYS, STAUDTSTR 7, D-91058 ERLANGEN, GERMANY. RI Hammer, Lutz/D-9863-2013 NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 3 IS 5-6 BP 1701 EP 1711 DI 10.1142/S0218625X96002643 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WF208 UT WOS:A1996WF20800006 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Gao, Y Kim, YJ Henderson, MA Thevuthasan, S Wen, S Merkle, KL AF Chambers, SA Gao, Y Kim, YJ Henderson, MA Thevuthasan, S Wen, S Merkle, KL TI Geometric and electronic structure of epitaxial NbxTi1-xO2 on TiO2(110) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electron-solid diffraction; molecular beam epitaxy; photoelectron spectroscopy; single crystal epitaxy; titanium oxide ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; GAAS(001) SURFACES; INTERFACE; AUGER AB We have investigated the detailed geometric and electronic structure of MBE-grown NbxTi1-xO2 on TiO2(110) by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron diffraction, ultraviolet and X-ray photoemission and electron energy loss spectroscopy. We find no measurable change in the Nb-O bond length relative to that for Ti-O bonds in TiO2 in the dilute limit (x = 0.05), and that the epitaxial layers remain strained and coherent with the substrate for x less than or equal to approximate to 0.3. However, significant dislocation generation occurs for x > approximate to 0.3. Nb substitution for Ti in the lattice introduces an additional valence electron per atom. The resulting density of states falls in the valence band region, but no new state density occurs in the either the band gap or conduction band. This result is in contrast to what occurs in the very dilute limit (parts per thousand), where Nb electrons occupy a shallow donor level near the conduction band minimum. Based on the electron counting rule, the extra Nb electrons form a non-bonding band which is degenerate with the valence band. The significance of these results for enhanced thermal and photochemistry on NbxTi1-xO2 surfaces vis a vis TiO2 is discussed. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRON MOL SCI LAB, POB 999, MS K2-12, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP 625 EP 637 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00760-1 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000009 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Liang, Y Chambers, SA AF Gao, Y Liang, Y Chambers, SA TI Thermal stability and the role of oxygen vacancy defects in strong metal support interaction - Pt on Nb-doped TiO2(100) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; low-energy electron diffraction; metal/insulator interfaces; molecular beam epitaxy; photoelectron spectroscopy; titanium oxide ID GROWTH; FILMS; OVERLAYERS; SURFACES; ENCAPSULATION; DIFFRACTION; ELEMENTS; OXIDES; TIO2 AB We have investigated the relative thermal stability of MBE-grown TiO2(100) and Nb-doped TiO2(100) surfaces grown on fully stoichiometric TiO2(100) substrates, along with the comparative interaction of Pt with these surfaces. Vacuum-annealed TiO2(100) films exhibit a well-ordered (1 x 3) surface reconstruction at temperatures above 500 degrees C, which is associated with partial reduction of the surface and the formation of [110]-oriented microfacets. However, the (1 x 3) reconstruction does not occur on the Nb0.1Ti0.9O2(100) surface after comparable vacuum annealing. Thermal stabilization of the TiO2(100) surface by Nb doping is due to strong and stable bonding between substitutional Nb and O in the mixed-metal rutile lattice. The interface between vacuum-deposited Pt and essentially defect-free TiO2(100) is much more stable than that formed between Pt and surfaces of vacuum-reduced TiO2(110) bulk specimens after comparable anneals in UHV. Moreover, interface chemistry with Pt is further suppressed when the TiO2 film is doped with Nb to form Nb0.3Ti0.7O2(100). These results suggest that diffusion of oxygen vacancies from the bulk to the surface plays a critical and, thus far, unappreciated role in promoting reduction to TiOx (x less than or similar to 2) at the Pt/TiO2 interface. Significantly, these results suggest that considerable suppression of the strong metal-support interaction for Pt on TiO2(100) can be achieved by reducing oxygen vacancy defect densities in the bulk and doping the near-surface region with Nb. RP PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 30 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP 638 EP 648 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00763-7 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000010 ER PT J AU Wang, KL Ross, PN AF Wang, KL Ross, PN TI XPS and UPS characterization of the reactions of Al(111) with tetrahydrofuran and propylene carbonate SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum; esters; ethers; single-crystal surfaces; surface chemical reaction; solid-liquid interface; visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ID NONACTIVE METAL-ELECTRODES; MEAN FREE PATHS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; LITHIUM; PHOTOEMISSION; ALUMINUM; SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; REACTIVITY AB Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and propylene carbonate (PC) condensate layers were formed by dosing the Al(111) surface at 135-140 K. The reaction of each molecule with Al was followed by both core level (XPS) and valence band (UPS) spectroscopies as a function of temperature on heating to successively higher temperatures. Considerable desorption of solvent molecules occurs after heating to their respective bulk melting points but in both cases a multilayer of solvent molecules remains on the surface. Al catalyzes the polymerization of THF at its melting point, resulting in a relatively thick, e.g. 30-60 Angstrom, film remaining on the surface to temperatures more than 100 K above the melting point. Above about 220 K the poly-THF film reacts with Al in two stages: the first is a chain-breaking reaction eliminating ethylene to the gas phase and producing propylene alkoxide (AlOCHCH2), and the second is decomposition of this adsorbate by oxygen extraction to form an ''oxide''-like Al-O layer. The latter reaction begins at temperatures above about 320 K. At 470 K the carbon from the THF is present in an elemental and/or CHx form which on heating to 620 R further reacts to form a ''carbide''-like state mixed with the Al-O oxide layer. At or near its melting point some fraction of the PC reacts with Al to form fragments of PC from which the carboxyl oxygen has been removed. The deoxygenated fragments interact strongly with unreacted PC preventing their desorption on heating above the melting point. Extraction of carbonyl oxygen by Al occurs to a greater extent as the temperature is increased until at ambient temperature no unreacted PC remains on the surface. The overlayer becomes completely deoxygenated on heating to 470 K, ultimately producing at 620 K a thicker film of similar composition to that produced by THF. Al2O3 and Al4C3 are the thermodynamically expected products of THF and PC in equilibrium with metallic Al and these appear to be the ultimate products of the reaction. The results are consistent with the chemical intuition that THF is a much less reactive solvent than PC. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP 753 EP 768 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00762-5 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000020 ER PT J AU Luscombe, JH Luban, M AF Luscombe, JH Luban, M TI Non-equilibrium structure factor for the disordering of adsorbed monolayers SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE low energy electron diffraction (LEED); models of non-equilibrium phenomena; models of surface kinetics; non-equilibrium thermodynamics and staticstical mechanics; surface diffusion ID KINETICS AB We consider the non-equilibrium, time-dependent elastic-scattering structure factor S(q,t), for the disordering of an ordered overlayer, initially in equilibrium at temperature T-I and characterized by the structure factor S(q,0)=chi(q,T-1), upon a Sudden increase in temperature T-I-T-F al constant coverage, such that the adsorbates equilibrate at T-F in a disordered phase. The initial decay of a peak in chi(q,T-I) proceeds exponentially in time, exp (-t/tau(q)), where tau(q) is a wavevector-dependent lifetime, before it crosses over to a power-law, t(-1) decay. When chi(q,T-I) is peaked at the boundaries of the Brillouin zone (BZ), the peak approximately maintains its shape in q-space as it decays exponentially. Except near the center of the BZ, after the peak has decayed sufficiently, the dependence of S(q,t) on q is as though the spins quasi-equilibrate to the equilibrium structure factor associated with T-F, chi(q,T-F), in that the ratio S(q,t)/chi(q,T-F) is independent of q, but is dependent on time, approaching unity as t(-1) for large t. For systems exhibiting an initial peak for q approximate to 0, the peak decays exponentially but does not preserve its shape, since tau(q) strongly depends on q, diverging as q(-2) for q-->0. For these systems too, away from the center of the BZ, S(q,t)/chi(q,T-F) rapidly evolves to a slowly decaying function of t/t(w), independent of q. In this case, however, the characteristic time scale, t(w), is anomalously long, proportional to xi(2), where xi is the correlation length associated with the initial state. This behavior of t(w), can be related to the random walk of domain boundaries. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP Luscombe, JH (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT PHYS, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP L676 EP L680 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00854-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000003 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M AF Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M TI Electronic and chemical properties of Pd in bimetallic systems: Interaction of Pd with Rh(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE ab initio quantum chemical methods and calculations; carbon monoxide; metal-metal interfaces; palladium; photoelectron spectroscopy; rhodium; thermal desorption spectroscopy ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CO CHEMISORPTION; ULTRATHIN FILMS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; METAL-SURFACES; ADSORPTION; PD(100); RH(100); PD(111); XPS AB The nature of the metal-metal interactions in a series of Pd/Rh(111) surfaces has been examined using thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, core- and valence-level photoemission, CO chemisorption, and ab initio self-consistent field calculations. A monolayer of Pd supported on Rh(111) exhibits a Pd 3d(5/2) binding energy similar to 0.2 eV higher than that of the surface atoms of Pd(100), and desorbs at similar to 1390 K. The desorption temperature of CO from this Pd/Rh(111) system is 50-70 K lower than those seen on Pd(111) and Rh(111), indicating a weakening of 3-5 kcal mol(-1) in the strength of the CO adsorption bond. These results are compared with data reported in the literature for bimetallic surfaces that contain Pd and Rh, and general trends are explained in terms of a simple model. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP L669 EP L675 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00885-0 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000002 ER PT J AU Wise, MG McArthur, JV Shimkets, LJ AF Wise, MG McArthur, JV Shimkets, LJ TI 16S rRNA gene probes for Deinococcus species SO SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deinococcus; oligonucleotide probes; 16S rRNA genes ID RADIODURANS; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; REPAIR; CELLS AB Oligonucleotide probes specific for members of the unusually radiation-resistant genus Deinococcus were designed and tested. Putative probes were identified by selecting 16S rRNA gene sequences unique to Deinococcus radiodurans UWO 298 (ATCC 35073). Hybridization of the probes to six Deinococcus strains representing the five species in the genus revealed probes that were strain-, species- and genus-specific. Nucleic acid hybridization could be used to assess the abundance of deinococci in the environment whose presence may be an indicator of high-radiation flux. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT MICROBIOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0723-2020 J9 SYST APPL MICROBIOL JI Syst. Appl. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 3 BP 365 EP 369 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA VT892 UT WOS:A1996VT89200011 ER PT J AU Campiglia, AD Vo-Dinh, T AF Campiglia, AD Vo-Dinh, T TI Fiber optic sensor for laser-induced room-temperature phosphorescence detection of polycyclic aromatic compounds SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE fiber optic sensor; laser-induced room-temperature phosphorescence detection; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ID LOW-BACKGROUND PAPER; IONIC ORGANIC-MOLECULES; PHOSPHORIMETRY; FLUORESCENCE; HYDROCARBONS; SPECTROMETRY; OXYGEN AB The development of a fiber optic sensor for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds based on laser-induced room-temperature phosphorimetry is reported for the first time. A pulsed nitrogen laser was used to excite phosphorescence emission from compounds imbibed on filter-paper substrates. Thallium(I) acetate (0.1 M) was used to enhance phosphorescence emission from chrysene, 1,2-benzofluorene, 7,8-benzoquinoline, phenanthridine and 5,6-benzoquinoline. Lead(II) acetate (0.5 M) was employed for the determination of fluoranthene, which showed no phosphorescence signal on paper substrates pre-treated with thallium(I) acetate. Limits of detection at the ng/ml(-1) level were estimated for all the compounds. An improvement in the limits of detection of the nitrogen heterocyclic compounds was obtained by using a low-background paper substrate. Satisfactory reproducibility of measurements was observed, varying from 6.1% (chrysene) to 11.9% (7,8-benzoquinoline). The linear behavior of the sensor response was also evaluated. Linear dynamic ranges extend over two and three orders of magnitude and show the potential of the device for the quantitative analysis of environmental pollutants. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, HLTH SCI RES DIV, ADV MONITORING DEV GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD OCT PY 1996 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1805 EP 1814 DI 10.1016/0039-9140(96)01945-5 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA VL151 UT WOS:A1996VL15100024 PM 18966667 ER PT J AU Wilson, AK Cerny, EA Smith, BD Wagh, A Bhattacharyya, MH AF Wilson, AK Cerny, EA Smith, BD Wagh, A Bhattacharyya, MH TI Effects of cadmium on osteoclast formation and activity in vitro SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW CULTURES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; OSTEOTROPIC HORMONES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; CELL-FORMATION; RESORPTION; EXPOSURE; WORKERS; MICE; OSTEOPOROSIS AB Chronic exposure to cadmium has been linked to bone loss, low bone mass, and increased incidence of fracture. To determine if Cd could directly increase the formation of cells responsible for bone resorption, we cultured normal canine bone marrow cells containing the progenitor cells for osteoclasts. Cultures were evaluated for the number of multinucleate osteoclast-like cells (MNOCs) formed. Exposure to Cd (10-100 nM) increased the number of MNOCs formed over control values when cultured in the presence but not in the absence of a bone wafer. The MNOCs formed were functional, evidenced by pits excavated on the bone wafers included in the cultures. By 12 days, MNOCs formed in the presence of 50 nM Cd excavated significantly more pits and a greater pit area than did untreated MNOCs. By 14 days, the control values were similar to those of the Cd-exposed MNOCs, but pit formation was enhanced by Cd in that the ratio of pit complexes to single pits was increased twofold over that for untreated cultures. Mature osteoclasts, isolated from the long bones of rat neonates and cultured for 1-3 days on bone slices, provided a direct method to assess the effect of Cd on osteoclast activity. Exposure of osteoclast cultures to 100 nM Cd increased the number of osteoclasts present over that for untreated osteoclasts by a factor of 1.7 +/- 0.1, the number of pits excavated by 2.8 +/- 0.6, the area excavated by 3.2 +/- 0.8, and the area excavated per osteoclast by 1.8 +/- 0.4 (mean +/- SE; n = six experiments). These data suggest that Cd accelerates the differentiation of new osteoclasts from their progenitor cells and activates or increases the activity of mature osteoclasts. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Wilson, AK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04816] NR 48 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 140 IS 2 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1006/taap.1996.0242 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA VN707 UT WOS:A1996VN70700029 PM 8887463 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, SD Hanson, PJ Todd, DE AF Wullschleger, SD Hanson, PJ Todd, DE TI Measuring stem water content in four deciduous hardwoods with a time-domain reflectometer SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acer rubrum; apparent dielectric constant; capacitance; Nyssa sylvatica; Quercus alba; Quercus prunus; stem water storage; TDR ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTANCE; ARBORESCENT PALM; SABAL-PALMETTO; STORAGE; TREES; OAK AB New technologies in time-domain reflectometry offer a reliable means of measuring soil water content. Whether these same technologies can be used or adapted to estimate the water content of other porous media, such as the woody tissue of forest trees, has not been thoroughly addressed. Therefore, curves relating the apparent dielectric constant (K-a) to volumetric water content (g cm(-3)) were constructed for large-diameter stems of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), chestnut oak (e. prinus L.), and black gum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.). This information was combined with previously published data and a proposed ''universal'' calibration equation for wood was derived. Stainless-steel rods (15-cm wave guides) were inserted into 160 trees (30 to 49 per species) growing in an upland oak-hickory forest and stem water contents estimated monthly during 1994 and 1995 with a time-domain reflectometer (TDR). Volumetric water contents in April ranged from 0.28 g cm(-3) for red maple to 0.43 g cm(-3) for black gum, with no evidence that water content changed as a function of stem diameter. Stem water contents estimated during 1994 (a wet year) increased from May to July, reached a maximum in midsummer (0.41 to 0.50 g cm(-3)), and then decreased in November. During 1995 (a dry year), stem water contents for red maple and black gum (two diffuse-porous species) decreased from May to August, reached a minimum in September (0.29 to 0.37 g cm(-3)), slightly increased in October and November, and then decreased in December. A different trend was observed during 1995 for white oak and chestnut oak (two ring-porous species), with water contents remaining fairly stable from May to August, but decreasing abruptly in September and again in December. Stem water contents estimated with a TDR broadly agreed with gravimetric analyses of excised stem segments and increment cores, although there was evidence that overestimation of water content was possible with TDR as a result of wounding following wave guide installation. Nonetheless our results hold promise for the application of TDR to the study of stem water content and to the study of whole-plant water storage. RP Wullschleger, SD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446 NR 26 TC 44 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 9 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA BOX 5579 STATION B, VICTORIA BC V8R 6S4, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 10 BP 809 EP 815 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA VK975 UT WOS:A1996VK97500002 ER PT J AU Jones, JB Holmes, RM AF Jones, JB Holmes, RM TI But the story gets better: Subsurface invertebrates in stream ecosystems - Reply SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Letter C1 MARINE BIOL LAB,CTR ECOSYST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. RP Jones, JB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,BLDG 1506,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 430 EP 430 DI 10.1016/0169-5347(96)91649-3 PG 1 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VK115 UT WOS:A1996VK11500012 PM 21237903 ER PT J AU Erdemir, A Fenske, GR AF Erdemir, A Fenske, GR TI Tribological performance of diamond and diamondlike carbon films at elevated temperatures SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE diamond; carbon; solid lubrication; friction; wear and failure; adverse environments tribology; surface films and coatings ID WEAR BEHAVIOR; FRICTION; POLYCRYSTALLINE; COATINGS; ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION AB In this study, the authors investigated the tribological performance of diamond and diamondlike carbon (DLC) films as a function, of temperature. Both films were deposited on silicon carbide (SiC) by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition and ion-beam deposition processes. Tribological tests were performed on a reciprocating wear machine in open air (20 to 30% relative humidity) and under a 10 N load using SiC pins. For the test conditions explored, the steady-state friction coefficients of test pairs without a diamond ol DLC film were 0.7 to 0.9 and the average wear rates of pins were 10(-5) to 10(-7) mm(3)/N-m, depending on, ambient temperature. DLC films reduced the steady-state friction coefficients of the test pairs by factors of three three to five and the wear rates of pins by two to three orders of magnitude. Low friction coefficients were also obtained with the diamond films, but wear rates of the counterface pins were high due to the very abrasive nature of these films. The wear of SiC disks coaled with either diamond or DLC films was virtually unmeasurable while the wear of uncoated disks was substantial. Test results showed that the DLC films could afford low friction up to about 300 degrees C. At higher temperatures, the DLC films graphitized and were removed from the surface. The diamond films could withstand much higher temperatures, but their tribological behavior degraded. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to elucidate the friction. and wear mechanisms of both films at high temperatures. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, TRIBOL SECT, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 EI 1547-397X J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 787 EP 794 DI 10.1080/10402009608983596 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP652 UT WOS:A1996VP65200005 ER PT J AU Simon, L Martin, HW Adriano, DC AF Simon, L Martin, HW Adriano, DC TI Chicory (Cichorium intybus L) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web) as phytoindicators of cadmium contamination SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE chicory; dandelion; cadmium contamination; chlorophyll; phytoindicator ID N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE; CHLOROPHYLL; INDICATOR; PIGMENTS; PLANTS AB Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) were demonstrated to be potential indicator plants for heavy metal contaminated sites. Chicory, grown with 0.5-50 mu M cadmium (Cd) in nutrient solution, accumulated 10-300 mu g Cd g(-1) in shoots and 10- 890 mu g Cd mu g(-1) in roots and rhizomes. With dandelion, 20-410 mu g Cd mu g(-1) was found in shoots and 20-1360 mu g Cd mu g(-1) in roots and rhizomes. An inverse correlation existed between chlorophyll and Cd concentrations in shoots of both species. Accumulation of Cd from nutrient solution was similar with the counter-anions SO42-, Cl1-, and NO3- in chicory. In chicory grown in Cd-amended (11.2 kg Cd ha(-1) applied five years previously) soils, Cd concentrations were substantially higher than in controls in all plant parts following the order: leaf > caudex > stem > root and rhizome. The above trend was the opposite of that observed in solution culture, where Cd accumulation was higher in roots and rhizomes than in shoots. Higher cadmium accumulation was found from a Cd-treated sand (Grossarenic Paleudult) than from a loamy sand (Typic Kandiudult) soil type. Chicory and dandelion are proposed indicator plants of cadmium contamination, and both have the potential to be an international standard heavy phytomonitor species of heavy metal contaminantion. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. UNIV AGR SCI,FAC GODOLLO,COLL AGR,H-4401 NYIREGYHAZA,HUNGARY. NR 25 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 91 IS 3-4 BP 351 EP 362 DI 10.1007/BF00666269 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA VF745 UT WOS:A1996VF74500015 ER PT J AU Tsang, YW Tsang, CF Hale, FV Dverstorp, B AF Tsang, YW Tsang, CF Hale, FV Dverstorp, B TI Tracer transport in a stochastic continuum model of fractured media SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; MASS-TRANSPORT; 3-DIMENSIONAL NETWORKS; FLUID-FLOW; SIMULATION; ROCK AB A stochastic continuum model of a fractured medium conditioned on a specific set of field data is developed. Both the more conductive fractures and the less permeable matrix are generated within the framework of a single-continuum stochastic model based on nonparametric indicator geostatistics. In the stochastic model the fracture zones are distinguished from the matrix by imposing a long-range correlation structure for a small fraction (the highest approximately 11%) of the hydraulic conductivity in the preferred planes of fracture zones. Results of flow and transport simulation in three dimensions (3D) are used to illustrate the large spatial variability of point measurements, but for spatially integrated quantities the variability is reduced and results become less sensitive to correlation structure. Therefore it is suggested that spatially integrated quantities may be a more appropriate choice for predicting flow and transport in a strongly heterogeneous medium in that they are more commensurate with the level of our ignorance of the site. The issue of spatial variability giving rise to uncertainty in the site characterization of a heterogeneous medium and the prediction of transport results is also addressed. Simulations are carried out for 3D transport from point tracer sources at hundreds of locations in the medium. The breakthrough curve from each point source release is characterized by two parameters: the mean transport velocity and the dispersion coefficient. The results are presented as a statistical distribution of the transport parameters, thus quantifying the uncertainty in predicting flow and transport based on a limited amount of site characterization data. C1 SWEDISH NUCL POWER INSPECTORATE,S-10658 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. RP Tsang, YW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 35 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 10 BP 3077 EP 3092 DI 10.1029/96WR01397 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA VL614 UT WOS:A1996VL61400011 ER PT J AU Chen, JH Sun, ZC Fan, D AF Chen, JH Sun, ZC Fan, D TI Study on the mechanism of spatter produced by basic welding electrodes SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE spattering; welding; basic electrodes; short circuiting; high-speed photograph; CO gas explosion; SMAW; oscillographs ID METAL AB In this work a device was made to control the current at three stages of short circuiting welding: at the beginning of short circuiting, during the overall period of short circuiting, including the breaking stage, and al the are reinitiating stage. By investigating the effects of these currents on the spatter produced by basic welding electrodes, the decisive parameter which determined spatter quantities was identified as the current at the short circuit breaking stage. On the basis of the experimental results from the combined effect of short circuiting current and the oxygen potential in the covering, it was found that the major process causing spatter was the explosion of CO gas bubbles, which resulted in the breakage of the short circuiting bridge. The high density of current intensified this explosion and increased the spatter quantity. The spatter mechanism caused by the explosion of gases was identified by studying the metal transfer using laser back-light, high-speed photography and x-ray, high-speed photography to record two images simultaneously, along with are sound and are voltage oscillographs. C1 US DOE,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. GANSU UNIV TECHNOL,LANZHOU,GANSU,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Chen, JH (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,INST THEORET & APPL PHYS,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 75 IS 10 BP S311 EP S316 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VK586 UT WOS:A1996VK58600015 ER PT J AU Bijnens, N Ahmad, I Andreyev, AN Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Blumenthal, D Busse, BC Chen, XS Conticchio, LF Davids, CN Huyse, M Janssens, RVF Mantica, P Penttila, H Reviol, W Seweryniak, D VanDuppen, P Walters, WB Wauters, J Zimmerman, BE AF Bijnens, N Ahmad, I Andreyev, AN Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Blumenthal, D Busse, BC Chen, XS Conticchio, LF Davids, CN Huyse, M Janssens, RVF Mantica, P Penttila, H Reviol, W Seweryniak, D VanDuppen, P Walters, WB Wauters, J Zimmerman, BE TI Fine structure in the alpha decay of Po-192 SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK A-HADRONS AND NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI; PB-186; STATES AB Fine structure in the a decay of Po-192 has been observed leading to the identification of an excited O+ state in Pb-188, at 571 (31) keV. The half-life of Po-192 has been determined precisely to be 33.2 (14) ms and the alpha-branching ratio of the daughter Pb-188 has been deduced to be 0.085 (13). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. OREGON STATE UNIV,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. UNIV JYVASKYLA,FIN-40351 JYVASKYLA,FINLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Bijnens, N (reprint author), KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN,INST KERN & STRALINGSFYS,CELESTIJNENLAAN 200D,B-3001 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. RI Penttila, Heikki/A-4420-2013 NR 15 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-7922 J9 Z PHYS A-HADRON NUCL JI Z. Phys. A.-Hadrons Nuclei PD OCT PY 1996 VL 356 IS 1 BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1007/s002180050137 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VQ040 UT WOS:A1996VQ04000002 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N Angelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L SaintJean, CD Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malmgren, TGM Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzii, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merck, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, M Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Newmann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Pain, R Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegorano, M Peralta, L Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, L Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Abreu, P Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunet, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N Angelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DelaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L SaintJean, CD Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gaspar, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hahn, S Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lindner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malmgren, TGM Malychev, V Mandl, F Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzii, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merck, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, M Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Newmann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckmann, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Pain, R Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegorano, M Peralta, L Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, I Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Serbelloni, L Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, L Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, IA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Search for high mass gamma gamma resonances in e(+)e(-)->l(+)l(-)gamma gamma, nu(nu)over-bar-gamma gamma and q(q)over-bar-gamma gamma at LEP I SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID PHOTON PAIRS; MONTE-CARLO; EVENTS; FRAGMENTATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; DECAYS; Z(0); L+L AB A search for high mass photon pairs from the processes e(+)e(-) --> l(+)l(-)gamma gamma, e(+)e(-) --> and e(+)e(-) --> nu nu gamma gamma with the DELPHI detector at LEP I is reported. From a data sample containing 3.5 million hadronic Z(0) decays, collected by DELPHI during the years 1991 to 1994, 79 events with two charged leptons and two isolated photons were selected with photon pair masses above 10 GeV/c(2), where 76 +/- 6 events were predicted from standard sources. In the same data sample, no candidates were found and no accumulation of events was visible for gamma gamma masses above 10 GeVlc2 in the q channel. Upper limits at 95% confidence level on the Z(0) branching ratios for the three different channels were extracted from the data. In the mass region m(gamma gamma) > 30 CeV/c(2) the limits obtained are between 3x10(-6) and 4x10(-6). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. DEMOKRITOS NATL CTR SCI RES,INST PHYS NUCL,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. FZU,INST PHYS,CAS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PRAGUE 18040 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,IN2P3,CNRS,INST NUCL SCI,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SEFT,RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPT KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST PHYS NUCL,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & CHEM,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,IN2P3,CNRS,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,IN2P3,CNRS,LPNHE,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,NC,NUCL CTR,MFF,AREAL MFF,PRAGUE 18000 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,OVIEDO 33006,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CEA,CE SACLAY,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UC,CSIC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,SANTANDER 39006,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,IFIC,CSIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. UNIV WARSAW,INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL,GERMANY. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), FCUL,IST,LIP,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015 OI Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. 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Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G AF Adam, W Adye, T Agasi, E Ajinenko, I Aleksan, R Alekseev, GD Alemany, R Allport, PP Almehed, S Amaldi, U Amato, S Andreazza, A Andrieux, ML Antilogus, P Apel, WD Arnoud, Y Asman, B Augustin, JE Augustinus, A Baillon, P Bambade, P Barao, F Barate, R Barbi, M Bardin, DY Baroncelli, A Barring, O Barrio, JA Bartl, W Bates, MJ Battaglia, M Baubillier, M Baudot, J Becks, KH Begalli, M Beilliere, P Belokopytov, Y Benvenuti, AC Berggren, M Bertini, D Bertrand, D Bianchi, F Bigi, M Bilenky, MS Billoir, P Bloch, D Blume, M Bolognese, T Bonesini, M Bonivento, W Booth, PSL Borisov, G Bosio, C Botner, O Boudinov, E Bouquet, B Bourdarios, C Bowcock, TJV Bozzo, M Branchini, P Brand, KD Brenke, T Brenner, RA Bricman, C Brown, RCA Bruckman, P Brunel, JM Bugge, L Buran, T Burgsmueller, T Buschmann, P Buys, A Cabrera, S Caccia, M Calvi, M Rozas, AJC Camporesi, T Canale, V Canepa, M Cankocak, K Cao, F Carena, F Carroll, L Caso, C Gimenez, MVC Cattai, A Cavallo, FR Chabaud, V Charpentier, P Chaussard, L Chauveau, J Checchia, P Chelkov, GA Chen, M Chierici, R Chliapnikov, P Chochula, P Chorowicz, V Chudoba, J Cindro, V Collins, P Contreras, JL Contri, R Cortina, E Cosme, G Cossutti, F Crawley, HB Crennell, D Crosetti, G Maestro, JC Czellar, S DahlJensen, E Dahm, J Dalmagne, B Dam, M Damgaard, G Dauncey, PD Davenport, M DaSilva, W Defoix, C Deghorain, A DellaRicca, G Delpierre, P Demaria, N DeAngelis, A DeBoer, W DeBrabandere, S DeClercq, C DeLaVaissiere, C DeLotto, B DeMin, A DePaula, L DeSaintJean, C Dijkstra, H DiCiaccio, L Djama, F Dolbeau, J Donszelmann, M Doroba, K Dracos, M Drees, J Drees, KA Dris, M Durand, JD Edsall, D Ehret, R Eigen, G Ekelof, T Ekspong, G Elsing, M Engel, JP Erzen, B Santo, ME Falk, E Fassouliotis, D Feindt, M Fenyuk, A Ferrer, A Fichet, S Filippas, TA Firestone, A Fischer, PA Foeth, H Fokitis, E Fontanelli, F Formenti, F Franek, B Frenkiel, P Fries, DC Frodesen, AG Fruhwirth, R FuldaQuenzer, F Fuster, J Galloni, A Gamba, D Gandelman, M Garcia, C Garcia, J Gasper, C Gasparini, U Gavillet, P Gazis, EN Gele, D Gerber, JP Gibbs, M Gokieli, R Golob, B Gopal, G Gorn, L Gorski, M Gouz, Y Gracco, V Graziani, E Grosdidier, G Grzelak, K Gumenyuk, S Gunnarsson, P Gunther, M Guy, J Hahn, F Hann, S Hajduk, Z Hallgren, A Hamacher, K Hao, W Harris, FJ Hedberg, V Henriques, R Hernandez, JJ Herquet, P Herr, H Hessing, TL Higon, E Hilke, HJ Hill, TS Holmgren, SO Holt, PJ Holthuizen, D Hoorelbeke, S Houlden, M Hrubec, J Huet, K Hultqvist, K Jackson, JN Jacobsson, R Jalocha, P Janik, R Jarlskog, C Jarlskog, G Jarry, P JeanMarie, B Johansson, EK Jonsson, L Jonsson, P Joram, C Juillot, P Kaiser, M Kapusta, F Karafasoulis, K Karlsson, M Karvelas, E Katsanevas, S Katsoufis, EC Keranen, R Khokhlov, Y Khomenko, BA Khovanski, NN King, B Kjaer, NJ Klein, H Klovning, A Kluit, P Koene, B Kokkinias, P Koratzinos, M Korcyl, K Kourkoumelis, C Kouznetsov, O Kramer, PH Krammer, M Kreuter, C Kronkvist, I Krumstein, Z Krupinski, W Kubinec, P Kucewicz, W Kurvinen, K Lacasta, C Laktineh, I Lamblot, S Lamsa, JW Lanceri, L Lane, DW Langefeld, P Last, I Laugier, JP Lauhakangas, R Leder, G Ledroit, F Lefebure, V Legan, CK Leitner, R Lemoigne, Y Lemonne, J Lenzen, G Lepeltier, V Lesiak, T Libby, J Liko, D Lidner, R Lipniacka, A Lippi, I Loerstad, B Loken, JG Lopez, JM Loukas, D Lutz, P Lyons, L MacNaughton, J Maehlum, G Maio, A Malychev, V Marco, J Marco, R Marechal, B Margoni, M Marin, JC Mariotti, C Markou, A Maron, T MartinezRivero, C MartinezVidal, F Garcia, SMI Masik, J Matorras, F Matteuzzi, C Matthiae, G Mazzucato, M McCubbin, M McKay, R McNulty, R Medbo, J Merk, M Meroni, C Meyer, S Meyer, WT Miagkov, A Michelotto, M Migliore, E Mirabito, L Mitaroff, WA Mjoernmark, U Moa, T Moeller, R Moenig, K Monge, MR Morettini, P Mueller, H Mundim, LM Murray, WJ Muryn, B Myatt, G Naraghi, F Navarria, FL Navas, S Nawrocki, K Negri, P Neumann, W Neumeister, N Nicolaidou, R Nielsen, BS Nieuwenhuizen, M Nikolaenko, V Niss, P Nomerotski, A Normand, A Novak, M OberschulteBeckman, W Obraztsov, V Olshevski, AG Onofre, A Orava, R Osterberg, K Ouraou, A Paganini, P Paganoni, M Pages, P Palka, H Papadopoulou, TD Papageorgiou, K Pape, L Parkes, C Parodi, F Passeri, A Pegoraro, M Peralta, L Pernegger, H Pernicka, M Perrotta, A Petridou, C Petrolini, A Petrovyck, M Phillips, HT Piana, G Pierre, F Pimenta, M Pindo, M Plaszczynski, S Podobrin, O Pol, ME Polok, G Poropat, P Pozdniakov, V Prest, M Privitera, P Pukhaeva, N Pullia, A Radojicic, D Ragazzi, S Rahmani, H Rames, J Ratoff, PN Read, AL Reale, M Rebecchi, P Redaelli, NG Regler, M Reid, D Renton, PB Resvanis, LK Richard, F Richardson, J Ridky, J Rinaudo, G Ripp, L Romero, A Roncagliolo, I Ronchese, P Roos, L Rosenberg, EI Rosso, E Roudeau, P Rovelli, T Ruckstuhl, W RuhlmannKleider, V Ruiz, A Rybicki, K Saarikko, H Sacquin, Y Sadovsky, A Sahr, O Sajot, G Salt, J Sanchez, J Sannino, M Schimmelpfennig, M Schneider, H Schwickerath, U Schyns, MAE Sciolla, G Scuri, F Seager, P Sedykh, Y Segar, AM Seitz, A Sekulin, R Shellard, RC Siccama, I Siegrist, P Simonetti, S Simonetto, F Sisakian, AN Sitar, B Skaali, TB Smadja, G Smirnov, N Smirnova, O Smith, GR Sokolov, A Solovianov, O Sosnowski, R SouzaSantos, D Spassov, T Spiriti, E Sponholz, P Squarcia, S Stanescu, C Stapnes, S Stavitski, I Stevenson, K Stichelbaut, F Stocchi, A Strauss, J Strub, R Stugu, B Szczekowski, M Szeptycka, M Tabarelli, T Tavernet, JP Tchikilev, O Thomas, J Tilquin, A Timmermans, J Tkatchev, LG Todorov, T Todorova, S Toet, DZ Tomaradze, A Tome, B Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Transtromer, G Treille, D Trischuk, W Tristram, G Trombini, A Troncon, C Tsirou, A Turluer, ML Tyapkin, LA Tyndel, M Tzamarias, S Ueberschaer, B Ullaland, O Uvarov, V Valenti, G Vallazza, E VanderVelde, C VanApeldoorn, GW VanDam, P VanDoninck, WK VanEldik, J Vassilopoulos, N Vegni, G Ventura, L Venus, W Verbeure, F Verlato, M Vertogradov, LS Vilanova, D Vincent, P Vitale, L Vlasov, E Vodopyanov, AS Vrba, V Wahlen, H Walck, C Waldner, F Weierstall, M Weilhammer, P Weiser, C Wetherell, AM Wicke, D Wickens, JH Wielers, M Wilkinson, GR Williams, WSC Winter, M Witek, M Woschnagg, K Yip, K Yushchenko, O Zach, F Zaitsev, A Zalewska, A Zalewski, P Zavrtanik, D Zevgolatakos, E Zimin, NI Zito, M Zontar, D Zucchelli, GC Zumerle, G TI Study of rare b decays with the DELPHI detector at LEP SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID B->S-GAMMA; SEARCH; ASYMMETRIES; STANDARD; MESONS AB Rare decays of beauty particles were studied in several charmless modes using the data collected with the DELPHI detector at LEP from 1991 to 1994. These decays are mediated by both tree level b-->u and one-loop penguin b-->s, d transitions. Evidence for charmless B decays was obtained in two body hadronic modes. The branching ratios of B-d,s(0) to pi(+)pi(-) or K(+)pi(-) and B-u(-) to rho(0) pi(-) or K(*0)pi(-) were found to be (2.8(-1.0)(+1.5) +/- 0.2) x 10(-5) and (1.7(-0.8)(+1.2) +/- 0.2) x 10(-4) respectively. The fraction of these decays with a charged kaon in the final state that is not from the spectator s quark, was measured to be 0.58 +/- 0.18. Upper limits were set at 90% confidence level on the branching ratios for three and four body charmless hadronic decays in the range of (1-3) x 10(-4), for inclusive radiative b-->s gamma decays at 5.4 x 10(-4), for inclusive radiative b-->s gamma decays at 5.4 x 10(-4), for the exclusive radiative decays B-d(0)-->K*(892)(0) gamma and B-s(0)-->phi(1020)gamma at 2.1 x 10(-4) and 7.0 x 10(-4) respectively, and for dineutrino decays, b-->, in the exclusive channels B-d(0)-->K*(892)(0) nu and B-2(0)-->phi(1020)<(nu nu)over bar> at 1.0x10(-3) respectively. The limits on dineutrino decays constrain theories with a new U(1) gauge boson coupling predominantly to the third family of fermions. C1 UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34127 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,VALENCIA,SPAIN. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. FREE UNIV BRUSSELS,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,FAC MATH & PHYS,SK-84215 BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,CTR RECH NUCL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NCSR DEMOKRITOS,INST PHYS NUCL,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. FZU,CAS,INST PHYS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PRAGUE 18040 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,IN2P3,CNRS,INST NUCL SCI,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SEFT,RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,FIN-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPT KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. STANISLAW STASZIC UNIV MIN & MET,PL-30055 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & CHEM,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. FCUL,IST,LIP,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,IN2P3,CNRS,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,NC,NUCL CTR,MFF,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,OVIEDO 33006,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST SUPER SANITA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. CSIC,UC,INST FIS CANTABRIA,SANTANDER 39006,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,SI-61000 LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. RP Adam, W (reprint author), AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,NIKOLSDORFERGASSE 18,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RI Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; branchini, paolo/A-4857-2011; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; OI Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Tabarelli de Fatis, Tommaso/0000-0001-6262-4685; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252 NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD OCT PY 1996 VL 72 IS 2 BP 207 EP 220 DI 10.1007/s002880050238 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VP221 UT WOS:A1996VP22100004 ER PT J AU Bordner, A Kuehn, CE Arenton, M Chen, H Corcoran, M Cormell, L Ditzler, R Dris, M Erwin, AR Fields, T Fleischman, J Harrison, M Hasan, MA Johns, K Kanofsky, A Kononenko, W Miettinen, H Naudet, C Nelson, KS Rice, J Roberts, J Robinson, B Selove, W Theodosiou, G Thompson, M Yost, B AF Bordner, A Kuehn, CE Arenton, M Chen, H Corcoran, M Cormell, L Ditzler, R Dris, M Erwin, AR Fields, T Fleischman, J Harrison, M Hasan, MA Johns, K Kanofsky, A Kononenko, W Miettinen, H Naudet, C Nelson, KS Rice, J Roberts, J Robinson, B Selove, W Theodosiou, G Thompson, M Yost, B TI Experimental formation of the pion gluon distribution function SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; INVARIANT CROSS-SECTION; DRELL-YAN; Q2-DEPENDENT PARAMETRIZATIONS; PHOTON PRODUCTION; GEV/C; GAMMA; PSI AB An experiment performed at Fermilab used double-arm calorimeter triggers to study di-jet production by 400 GeV protons and 200 GeV pi(-) mesons incident on liquid hydrogen, The observed ratio of positive to negative leading particles in the jets was compared for pp and pi p production using a tree level parton scattering model, The results are moderately sensitive to the form of the pion gluon distribution function and yield x g(x) similar or equal to (1 - x)(2.75+/-0.40+/-0.75). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RICE UNIV, BONNER NUCL LABS, HOUSTON, TX 77251 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYS, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. LEHIGH UNIV, BETHLEHEM, PA 18015 USA. RP DEPT PHYS, 1150 UNIV AVE, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD OCT PY 1996 VL 72 IS 2 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1007/s002880050242 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VP221 UT WOS:A1996VP22100008 ER PT J AU Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Deffner, R Doeker, T Eckert, M Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, H Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Tassi, E Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Romanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB AF Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Okrasinski, JR Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruni, P Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M Gialas, I Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Crittenden, J Deffner, R Doeker, T Eckert, M Feld, L Frey, A Geerts, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Katz, UF Mengel, S Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Rembser, C Schramm, D Stamm, J Wedemeyer, R CampbellRobson, S Cassidy, A Cottingham, WN Dyce, N Foster, B George, S Hayes, ME Heath, GP Heath, HF Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Yoshida, R Arneodo, M Ayad, R Capua, M Garfagnini, A Iannotti, L Schioppa, H Susinno, G Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Wai, L Yang, S Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Jakubowski, Z Przybycien, MB Zachara, M Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M RulikowskaZarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Cases, G Deppe, O Desler, K Drews, G Flasinski, M Gilkinson, DJ Glasman, C Gottlicher, P GrosseKnetter, J Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hessling, H Iga, Y Johnson, KF Joos, P Kasemann, M Klanner, R Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Labs, J Ladage, A Lohr, B Lowe, M Luke, D Mainusch, J Manczak, O Milewski, J Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Ohrenberg, K Piotrzkowski, K Roco, M Rohde, M Roldan, J Schneekloth, U Schulz, W Selonke, F Surrow, B Tassi, E Voss, T Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Grabosch, HJ Kharchilava, A Mari, SM Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Wulff, N Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G DePasquale, S Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Utley, ML Wilson, AS Dannemann, A Holm, U Horstmann, D Sinkus, R Wick, K Burow, BD Hagge, L Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Brummer, N Butterworth, I Harris, VL Howell, G Hung, BHY Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Whitfield, AF Mallik, U Wang, MZ Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D An, SH Cho, GH Ko, BJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, HS Park, SK Kartik, S Kim, HJ McNeil, RR Metcalf, W Nadendla, VK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Graciani, R Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M delPeso, J Puga, J Terron, J deTroconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Lim, JN Matthews, CG Patel, PM Riveline, M Stairs, DG StLaurent, M Ullmann, R Zacek, G Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Kobrin, VD Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Savin, AA Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotov, NP Botje, M Chlebana, F Engelen, J deKamps, M Kooijman, P Kruse, A vanSighem, A Tiecke, H Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Vreeswijk, M Wiggers, L deWolf, E vanWoudenberg, R Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Li, C Ling, TY Nylander, P Park, IH Romanowski, TA Bailey, DS Cashmore, RJ CooperSarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Harnew, N Lancaster, M Lindemann, L McFall, JD Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Tickner, JR Uijterwaal, H Walczak, R Waters, DS Wilson, FF Yip, T Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R DalCorso, F DeGiorgi, M Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Zuin, F Bulmahn, J Feild, RG Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ DAgostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Barberis, E Dubbs, T Heusch, C VanHook, M Lockman, W Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Williams, DC Biltzinger, J Seifert, RJ Schwarzer, O Walenta, AH Zech, G Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Levy, A Fleck, JI Inuzuka, M Ishii, T Kuze, M Mine, S Nakao, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Umemori, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Chiba, M Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Yamauchi, K Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Peroni, C Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Benard, F Brkic, M Fagerstroem, CP Hartner, GF Joo, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sampson, CR Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Jones, TW Kaziewicz, PB Lane, JB Saunders, RL Shulman, J Sutton, MR Lu, B Mo, LW Bogusz, W Ciborowski, J Gajewski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Krzyzanowski, M Muchorowski, K Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Coldewey, C Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Revel, D ZerZion, D Badgett, WF Breitweg, J Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Silverstein, S Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Bhadra, S Cardy, ML Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Murray, WN Schmidke, WB TI Measurement of the F-2 structure function in deep inelastic e(+)p scattering using 1994 data from the ZEUS detector at HERA SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID LARGE RAPIDITY GAP; DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; LUND MONTE-CARLO; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; BARREL CALORIMETER; CROSS-SECTIONS; EP SCATTERING; QCD CASCADES; PROTON AB We present measurements of the structure function F-2 in e(+)p scattering at HERA in the range 3.5 GeV2 < Q(2) < 5000 GeV2. A new reconstruction method has allowed a significant improvement in the resolution of the kinematic variables and an extension of the kinematic region covered by the experiment. Ac Q(2) < 35 GeV2 the range in x now spans 6.3 . 10(-5) < x < 0.08 providing overlap with measurements from fixed target experiments. At values of Q(2) above 1000 GeV2 the x range extends to 0.5. Systematic errors below 5% have been achieved for most of the kinematic region. The structure function rises as x decreases; the rise becomes more pronounced as Q(2) increases. The behaviour of the structure function data is well described by next-to-leading order perturbative QCD as implemented in the DGLAP evolution equations. C1 ANDREWS UNIV, BERRIEN SPRINGS, MI 49104 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, D-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, IRVINGTON, NY USA. INST PHYS NUCL, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MIN & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECHNIQUES, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, IFH ZEUTHEN, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, NAZL FRASCATI LAB, FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPT PHYS 2, D-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST KERNPHYS, JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. MOSCOW PHYS ENGN INST, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, D-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UNIV TORONTO, DEPT PHYS, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON, ENGLAND. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. UNIV WARSAW, INST EXPT PHYS, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. IROE, FLORENCE, ITALY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016 OI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240 NR 62 TC 244 Z9 246 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD OCT PY 1996 VL 72 IS 3 BP 399 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s002880050260 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VQ431 UT WOS:A1996VQ43100004 ER PT J AU Akesson, T Almehed, S Angelis, ALS Antos, J Atherton, H Aubry, P Bartels, HW Beaudoin, G Beaulieu, JM Beker, H Benary, O Bettoni, D Bisi, V Blevis, I Boggild, H Cleland, W Clemen, M Collick, B Corriveau, F Dagan, S Dederichs, K Depommier, P DiGiacomo, N DiLiberto, S Dodd, JR Dolgoshein, B Drees, A Eidelman, S Enyo, H Erlandsson, B Esten, MJ Fabjan, CW Fischer, P Gaidot, A GibratDebu, F Giubellino, P Glassel, P Goerlach, U Golubkov, Y Haglund, R Hamel, LA vanHecke, H Hedberg, V Heifetz, R Holscher, A Jacak, B Jarlskog, G Johannson, S Kraner, H Kroh, V Lamarche, F Leroy, C Lissauer, D London, G Lorstad, B Lounis, A Martelli, F MarzariChiesa, A Masera, M Mazzoni, MA Mazzucato, E McCubbin, ML McCubbin, NA McGaughey, P Meddi, F Mjornmark, U Muciaccia, MT Muraviev, S Murray, M Neubert, M Nevski, P Nilsson, S Olsen, L Oren, Y Pansart, JP Park, YM Pfeiffer, A Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Pomianowski, P Poulard, G Price, M Rahm, D Ramello, L Riccati, L Romano, G Rosa, G Sandor, L Schukraft, J Sekimoto, M Seman, M Shikonian, A Shmeleva, A Sidorov, V Simone, S Sirois, Y Sletten, H Smirnov, S Sondheim, W Specht, HJ Stern, E Stumer, I Sumarokov, A Sunier, JW Tcherniatin, V Thompson, J Tikhomirov, V Valine, CM Vanyashin, A Vasseur, G Veenhof, RJ Wigmans, R Willis, WJ Yepes, P AF Akesson, T Almehed, S Angelis, ALS Antos, J Atherton, H Aubry, P Bartels, HW Beaudoin, G Beaulieu, JM Beker, H Benary, O Bettoni, D Bisi, V Blevis, I Boggild, H Cleland, W Clemen, M Collick, B Corriveau, F Dagan, S Dederichs, K Depommier, P DiGiacomo, N DiLiberto, S Dodd, JR Dolgoshein, B Drees, A Eidelman, S Enyo, H Erlandsson, B Esten, MJ Fabjan, CW Fischer, P Gaidot, A GibratDebu, F Giubellino, P Glassel, P Goerlach, U Golubkov, Y Haglund, R Hamel, LA vanHecke, H Hedberg, V Heifetz, R Holscher, A Jacak, B Jarlskog, G Johannson, S Kraner, H Kroh, V Lamarche, F Leroy, C Lissauer, D London, G Lorstad, B Lounis, A Martelli, F MarzariChiesa, A Masera, M Mazzoni, MA Mazzucato, E McCubbin, ML McCubbin, NA McGaughey, P Meddi, F Mjornmark, U Muciaccia, MT Muraviev, S Murray, M Neubert, M Nevski, P Nilsson, S Olsen, L Oren, Y Pansart, JP Park, YM Pfeiffer, A Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Pomianowski, P Poulard, G Price, M Rahm, D Ramello, L Riccati, L Romano, G Rosa, G Sandor, L Schukraft, J Sekimoto, M Seman, M Shikonian, A Shmeleva, A Sidorov, V Simone, S Sirois, Y Sletten, H Smirnov, S Sondheim, W Specht, HJ Stern, E Stumer, I Sumarokov, A Sunier, JW Tcherniatin, V Thompson, J Tikhomirov, V Valine, CM Vanyashin, A Vasseur, G Veenhof, RJ Wigmans, R Willis, WJ Yepes, P TI A study of electron-muon pair production in 450 GeV/c pBe collisions SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article ID MESON PRODUCTION; PARTICLES AB We report on the production of e(+/-)mu(-/+) pairs in 450 GeV/c pBe collisions at the CERN SPS. The e mu signal, which has average missing energy of 21 GeV, is shown to be consistent with expectations from charm decay, and implies a sigma x B for production in p-nucleon collisions of 0.63 +/- 0.35 mu b. Alternatively, using an estimate of charm production from other experiments, the data imply a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.16 mu b on any new physics process which produces e(+/-)mu(-/+). C1 CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UCL, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV MONTREAL, MONTREAL, PQ HC3 3J7, CANADA. UNIV HEIDELBERG, D-69120 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, IL-69978 RAMAT AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TURIN, I-10100 TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10100 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA. MCGILL UNIV, MONTREAL, PQ H3A 2T8, CANADA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. INST PHYS & ENGN, RU-115409 MOSCOW, RUSSIA. INST PHYS NUCL, RU-630090 NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM, S-11346 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. CTR ETUD SACLAY, DAPNIA, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV BARI, I-70100 BARI, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-70100 BARI, ITALY. PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST, MOSCOW 117924, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. RP Akesson, T (reprint author), LUND UNIV, S-22362 LUND, SWEDEN. RI Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Martelli, Filippo/P-4041-2015; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Masera, Massimo/J-4313-2012; Ramello, Luciano/F-9357-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; OI Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Martelli, Filippo/0000-0003-3761-8616; Simone, Saverio/0000-0003-3631-8398; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Masera, Massimo/0000-0003-1880-5467 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0170-9739 J9 Z PHYS C PART FIELDS JI Z. Phys. C-Part. Fields PD OCT PY 1996 VL 72 IS 3 BP 429 EP 436 DI 10.1007/s002880050262 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VQ431 UT WOS:A1996VQ43100006 ER PT J AU Follstaedt, DM Myers, SM Lee, SR AF Follstaedt, DM Myers, SM Lee, SR TI Cavity-dislocation interactions in Si-Ge and implications for heterostructure relaxation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; SILICON AB Cavities formed in Si and Ge and their alloys by He implantation and annealing are demonstrated to have a strong short-range, attractive interaction with dislocations, with a binding energy calculated to be greater than or similar to 100 eV when they overlap. Cavities can alter the relaxation of strained Si86Ge14 layers on Si in several ways: cavities placed at the interface enhance relaxation rates by increased nucleation of misfit dislocations, reduce the number of dislocations protruding into the substrate, and may increase relaxation at thermodynamic equilibrium. RP Follstaedt, DM (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 14 BP 2059 EP 2061 DI 10.1063/1.116879 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VJ783 UT WOS:A1996VJ78300024 ER PT J AU Yu, KM BourretCourchesne, ED AF Yu, KM BourretCourchesne, ED TI Anomalous ion damage behavior in ZnSe SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; IMPLANTATION; AMORPHIZATION; BOMBARDMENT; HG1-XCDXTE; BUILDUP; GROWTH; LAYERS AB The structural properties of ZnSe damaged by 180 keV Zn ions are studied for a wide range of ion dose (10(13)-10(16)/cm(2)) using ion channeling techniques. We found that ZnSe cannot be rendered amorphous by implantation at either room temperature (RT) or liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT) in the range of doses investigated. For lower ion doses (10(13)-10(14)/cm(2)), ZnSe samples implanted at LNT result in less damage than those implanted at RT by as much as an order of magnitude. Moreover, no simple point defect or amorphous clusters are found in the implanted ZnSe. For high implant doses (>10(14)/cm(2)), the samples are still monocrystalline but become highly defective with extended defects. Our results also suggests that point defects in the ZnSe created during implantation may be mobile at or below RT and that they may migrate rapidly under ion irradiation. RP Yu, KM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,CTR ADV MAT,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 14 BP 2062 EP 2064 DI 10.1063/1.116880 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VJ783 UT WOS:A1996VJ78300025 ER PT J AU Jellison, GE Modine, FA AF Jellison, GE Modine, FA TI Parameterization of the optical functions of amorphous materials in the interband region (vol 69, pg 371, 1996) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Jellison, GE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 1 TC 345 Z9 346 U1 4 U2 50 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 14 BP 2137 EP 2137 DI 10.1063/1.118155 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VJ783 UT WOS:A1996VJ78300050 ER PT J AU Chen, DY Chang, YA Swenson, D AF Chen, DY Chang, YA Swenson, D TI PtIn2 ohmic contacts to n-GaAs via an In-Ga exchange mechanism (vol 68, pg 96, 1996) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP Chen, DY (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1509 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 14 BP 2139 EP 2139 DI 10.1063/1.118157 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VJ783 UT WOS:A1996VJ78300052 ER PT J AU Khamayseh, A Kuprat, A AF Khamayseh, A Kuprat, A TI Anisotropic smoothing and solution adaption for unstructured grids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE anisotropic domains; quasi-conformal mapping; elliptic smoothing; unstructured grids; Delaunay triangulation; adaptive smoothing; adaptive refinement AB An elliptic smoothing scheme for 2-D structured meshes is generalized to the case of 2-D unstructured meshes. The resulting scheme is similar to the familiar Laplacian smoothing scheme, but exhibits superior node diffusion in anisotropic domains. We then show further improvement of grid quality when smoothing is alternated with Lawson flipping (a technique commonly used to generate Delaunay triangulations). Two additional enhancements ('controlled' and 'adaptive' smoothing) allow us to create grids suitable for a realistic MOSFET semiconductor application. RP Khamayseh, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Kuprat, Andrew/0000-0003-4159-918X NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 18 BP 3163 EP 3174 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA VF593 UT WOS:A1996VF59300007 ER PT J AU ChilluraMartino, D Triolo, R McClain, JB Combes, JR Betts, DE Canelas, DA DeSimone, JM Samulski, ET Cochran, HD Londono, JD AF ChilluraMartino, D Triolo, R McClain, JB Combes, JR Betts, DE Canelas, DA DeSimone, JM Samulski, ET Cochran, HD Londono, JD TI Neutron scattering characterization of homopolymers and graft-copolymer micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Horizons in Small Angle Scattering From Mesoscopic Systems CY SEP 27-30, 1995 CL STROMBOLI, ITALY DE small angle neutron scattering; supercritical fluids; homopolymers; graft-copolymer micelles ID POLYMERIZATIONS; MOLECULES; FLUIDS AB Superficial fluids (SCF) are becoming an attractive alternative to the liquid solvents traditionally used as polymerization media [1]. As the synthesis proceeds, a wide range of colloidal aggregates form, but there has hitherto been no way to measure such structures directly. We have applied small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to characterize such systems, and although SCF polymerizations are carried out at high pressures, the penetrating power of the neutron beam means that typical cell windows are virtually transparent. Systems studied include polymers soluble in CO2 such as poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl acrylate) (PFOA), poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide) (PHFPO) and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). PFOA has previously [2] been shown to exhibit a positive second virial coefficient (A(2)), though for PHFPO, A(2) appears to be close to zero (10(4) A(2) similar or equal to 0 +/- 0.2 cm(3) g(-2) mol). PDMS is soluble on the molecular level only in the limit of dilute solution and seems to form aggregates as the concentration increases (c > 0.01 g cm(-3)). Typical hydrocarbon polymers are insoluble in CO2, but it has been found that polymerizations may be accomplished via the use of a stabilizer [3]. For example, styrene has been polymerized in CO2 by means of a polystyrene-b-PFOA block copolymer surfactant, which forms micelles in CO2 and is also amenable to SANS characterization. Other amphiphilic surfactant molecules that form micelles include PFOA-g-poly(ethylene oxide) (PFOA-g-PEO) graft copolymers, which swell as the CO2 medium is saturated with water. These systems have been characterized by SANS, by taking advantage of the different contrast options afforded by substituting D2O for H2O. This paper illustrates the utility of SANS to measure molecular dimensions, thermodynamic variables, molecular weights, micelle structures etc. in supercritical CO2. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ChilluraMartino, D (reprint author), UNIV PALERMO,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM FIS,I-90123 PALERMO,ITALY. RI Chillura Martino, Delia/E-5730-2012; OI Chillura Martino, Delia/0000-0001-5141-7285; Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 26 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 383 IS 1-3 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(96)09260-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VW789 UT WOS:A1996VW78900002 ER PT J AU Schulz, GR Martino, DC Triolo, R Forbes, MDE AF Schulz, GR Martino, DC Triolo, R Forbes, MDE TI Micelles formed from photochemically active amphiphiles: Structural characterization by small-angle neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Horizons in Small Angle Scattering From Mesoscopic Systems CY SEP 27-30, 1995 CL STROMBOLI, ITALY DE small angle neutron scattering; micelles; photochemically active amphiphiles ID RADICAL PAIRS AB A novel class of photochemically active amphiphiles has been synthesized containing a ketone moiety as a biradical or radical pair precursor on the hydrophobic tail of sodium sulfate surfactants. Alteration of the molecular structure of each ketone-containing surfactant allows for the systematic and predictable manipulation of the micellar size and shape, both of which are important in determining the coupling between the unpaired electrons confined within the micelle and the intraradical dynamics. The structure of the resulting aggregates has been analyzed by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The results show that the amphiphiles form ellipsoidal micelles with aggregation numbers between 30 and 150 that depend on the balance between monomer dimensions and steric effects caused by the atomic spatial arrangement within the hydrophobic tail of the different surfactants. C1 UNIV PALERMO,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM FIS,I-90123 PALERMO,ITALY. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,VENABLE & KENAN LABS,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Chillura Martino, Delia/E-5730-2012 OI Chillura Martino, Delia/0000-0001-5141-7285 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 383 IS 1-3 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(96)09285-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VW789 UT WOS:A1996VW78900027 ER PT J AU Triolo, F Graziano, V Heenan, RH AF Triolo, F Graziano, V Heenan, RH TI Small angle neutron scattering study of the quaternary structure of haemocyanin of Rapana thomasiana SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Horizons in Small Angle Scattering From Mesoscopic Systems CY SEP 27-30, 1995 CL STROMBOLI, ITALY DE small angle neutron scattering; haemocyanin; quaternary structure AB Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were performed on a series of solutions of haemocyanin (He) of Rapana thomasiana. In a first series of solutions, by changing the external contrast a model of the molecule that is apparently in disagreement with electron microscopy (EM) measurements was obtained. The apparent disagreement was resolved by performing experiments on a series of variable protein concentration solutions in D2O. The physical parameters of the model, extrapolated to zero concentration, are in excellent agreement with the EM results obtained on samples more dilute than those examined with SANS. C1 UNIV PALERMO,DIPARTIMENTO CHIM FIS,PALERMO,ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,CHILTON,ENGLAND. RP Triolo, F (reprint author), UNIV PALERMO,DIPARTIMENTO BIOL CELLULARE & SVILUPPO,PALERMO,ITALY. OI Heenan, Richard/0000-0002-7729-1454 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 383 IS 1-3 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(96)09294-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VW789 UT WOS:A1996VW78900036 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Stebbins, A Turner, EL AF Wang, Y Stebbins, A Turner, EL TI Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves from merging neutron star binaries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; COMPACT BINARIES; PARAMETERS; RADIATION; UNIVERSE; GALAXY AB We discuss the gravitational lensing of gravitational waves from merging neutron star binaries, in the context of advanced LIGO type gravitational wave detectors. An advanced LIGO should see unlensed inspiral events with a redshift distribution with cutoff at a redshift z(max) < 1 for h less than or equal to 0.8. Any inspiral events detected at z > z(max) should be lensed. We compute the expected total number of events which are present due to gravitational lensing and their redshift distribution for an advanced LIGO in a flat universe. if the matter fraction in compact lenses is close to 10%, an advanced LIGO should see a few strongly lensed events per year with a signal-to-noise ratio rho > 5. C1 PRINCETON UNIV OBSERV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Wang, Yun/B-5724-2011; Turner, Edwin/A-4295-2011 OI Wang, Yun/0000-0002-4749-2984; NR 17 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2875 EP 2878 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2875 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300008 ER PT J AU Datz, S Krause, HF Vane, CR Knudsen, H Grafstrom, P Schuch, RH AF Datz, S Krause, HF Vane, CR Knudsen, H Grafstrom, P Schuch, RH TI Effect of nuclear size on the stopping power of ultrarelativistic heavy ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new formulation for the theory of electronic stopping power of ions at relativistic energies has been proposed by Lindhard and Sorensen (LS). In it, they find that. at sufficiently high energy, nuclear size effects should act to reduce the momentum transfer to electrons and hence the stopping power. To test this result, we passed beams of 33.2-TeV Pb-208 ions (gamma = 168) from the CERN-SPS through targets of C, Si, Cu, Sn, and Pb, and measured energy loss and beam broadening. The LS theory for stopping power is confirmed, but with a slight drift upward from theory for high-Z targets. A drastic decrease in energy straggling (factor of similar to 4) predicted by LS cannot be deconvoluted from the multiple Coulomb scattering distribution. C1 AARHUS UNIV,INST PHYS,DK-8000 AARHUS C,DENMARK. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. UNIV STOCKHOLM,MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB,S-10405 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. RP Datz, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2925 EP 2928 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2925 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300021 ER PT J AU Baldis, HA Labaune, C Schifano, E Renard, N Michard, A AF Baldis, HA Labaune, C Schifano, E Renard, N Michard, A TI Resonant seeding of stimulated brillouin scattering by crossing laser beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB This Letter presents the first experimental evidence of seeding of ion acoustic waves (IAW) from stimulated Brillouin scattering along the resonant direction between two interaction beams. Using a secondary interaction beam at a reduced intensity acting as seed, a well defined resonance was observed along the bisecting direction between the two laser beams. A strong reduction of the IAW was observed along off-resonance directions, including for backscatter of the primary beam. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Baldis, HA (reprint author), ECOLE POLYTECH,CNRS,LAB UTILISAT LASERS INTENSES,F-91128 PALAISEAU,FRANCE. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2957 EP 2960 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2957 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300029 ER PT J AU Keblinski, P Phillpot, SR Wolf, D Gleiter, H AF Keblinski, P Phillpot, SR Wolf, D Gleiter, H TI Thermodynamic criterion for the stability of amorphous intergranular films in covalent materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENERGY CORRELATION; SYMMETRICAL TILT; SILICON-NITRIDE; TIGHT-BINDING; RELAXATION; THICKNESS; TWIST; SI AB The thermodynamic origin of disordered intergranular films commonly found in covalent ceramic materials is studied by molecular-dynamics simulation. Our studies show that all high-energy grain boundaries in a model covalent material, silicon, exhibit a universal amorphous structure, whereas low-energy boundaries are crystalline. This allows the identification of a thermodynamic criterion for the existence of stable disordered intergranular films based on the relative energies of the atoms in the grain boundaries and in the bulk amorphous phase. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP Keblinski, P (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 19 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2965 EP 2968 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2965 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300031 ER PT J AU Schmid, AK Hamilton, JC Bartelt, NC Hwang, RQ AF Schmid, AK Hamilton, JC Bartelt, NC Hwang, RQ TI Surface alloy formation by interdiffusion across a linear interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC EXCHANGE MECHANISM; THIN-FILMS; IMMISCIBLE METALS; GROWTH; DIFFUSION; RU(0001); CU(100); AU AB Interdiffusion profiles across a linear interface separating two metals that are miscible as monolayers [Co and Cu on a Ru(0001) surface] have been measured as a function of time. The interface remains sharp even after substantial intermixing, in dramatic contrast to bulk interdiffusion experiments between miscible metals. The unusual concentration profiles are explained by a combination of adatom surface diffusion and exchange of adatoms with atoms in the monolayer films. A simple Monte Carlo simulation of the adatom exchange mechanism quantitatively agrees with observations. RP Schmid, AK (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 17 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2977 EP 2980 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2977 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300034 ER PT J AU Gonis, A Schulthess, TC vanEk, J Turchi, PEA AF Gonis, A Schulthess, TC vanEk, J Turchi, PEA TI A general minimum principle for correlated densities in quantum many-particle systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ENERGY; BAND-GAPS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRON; APPROXIMATIONS; INSULATORS AB It is shown that interacting many-particle quantum systems can be described in terms of fully correlated n-particle densities, which determine uniquely the potential acting on the system and satisfy a minimum principle with respect to the ground-state energy. This leads to a generalization of ordinary density functional theory in terms of n-particle densities which allows the direct and self-consistent treatment of correlation effects within electronic structure methods for atoms, molecules, and solids. C1 TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. RP Gonis, A (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-268,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 27 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 2981 EP 2984 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2981 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300035 ER PT J AU Klemm, RA Goldman, AM Bhattacharya, A Buan, J Israeloff, NE Huang, CC Valls, OT Liu, JZ Shelton, RN Welp, U AF Klemm, RA Goldman, AM Bhattacharya, A Buan, J Israeloff, NE Huang, CC Valls, OT Liu, JZ Shelton, RN Welp, U TI Tensor magnetothermal resistance in YBa2Cu3O7-x via Andreev scattering of quasiparticles - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Klemm, RA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Bhattacharya, Anand/G-1645-2011 OI Bhattacharya, Anand/0000-0002-6839-6860 NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 14 BP 3058 EP 3058 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3058 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VJ723 UT WOS:A1996VJ72300056 ER PT J AU Liess, M Chinn, D Petelenz, D Janata, J AF Liess, M Chinn, D Petelenz, D Janata, J TI Properties of insulated gate field-effect transistors with a polyaniline gate electrode SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE field effect; work function; polymers; electrochemistry ID CONDUCTING POLYMERS; HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; FILMS AB On a p-type silicon wafer with n(+) source and drain contacts, covered by a SiO2/Si3N4 dielectric insulating layer, field-effect transistors were made by spin coating with a polyaniline gate electrode layer. For comparison conventional IGFETs were also made on the same chip. Preparation and characterization of devices that change their threshold voltage due to modulation of work function of the gate electrode are described. Such devices can in principle be used for gas sensing. The steady-state and transient behavior of the devices was investigated: the work function of polyaniline has been determined by comparing the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor threshold voltage to the polyaniline gate field effect transistor (PANi-FET) threshold voltage. The response of the PANi-FETs to a step function potential input has been determined. The device behavior was modeled with a simulation in which the gate and pre-gate area are represented by a distributed resistance capacitance network, under the assumption that the resistivity of the polyaniline film and ifs contact resistance to platinum is not frequency dependent. The behavior is well described by the model. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV UTAH, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. NR 20 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08233-6 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VY061 UT WOS:A1996VY06100040 ER PT J AU Wu, X Mulligan, WP Coutts, TJ AF Wu, X Mulligan, WP Coutts, TJ TI Recent developments in RF sputtered cadmium stannate films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE cadmium stannate; RF sputtering; single-phase ID DEPOSITION; OXIDE AB A method for producing single-phase cadmium stannate thin films is reported. Polycrystalline films were prepared by RF sputtering onto water-cooled Corning glass substrates, followed by a high temperature anneal. Resistivities as low as 1.28 x 10(-4) ohm . cm have been achieved, lower than any previously published results for this material. Even with sheer resistivities as low as 7.5 ohm sq(-1), exceptionally high film transparency (similar to 85%) is maintained, with very low absorption in the visible spectrum. RP Wu, X (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 11 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 274 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08527-0 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VY061 UT WOS:A1996VY06100045 ER PT J AU Devine, RAB Mathiot, D Xu, JB Wilson, IH Gauneau, M Warren, WL AF Devine, RAB Mathiot, D Xu, JB Wilson, IH Gauneau, M Warren, WL TI Grain boundary enhanced oxygen out-diffusion in annealed polycrystalline Si/SiO2/crystalline Si structures SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; secondary ion mass spectrometry; silicon oxide; vacancies ID TEMPERATURE AB Atomic force microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements have been performed on high temperature (1320 degrees C) annealed polycrystalline Si/SiO2/single crystal Si structures, Enhanced oxygen out-diffusion from the SiO2 film and the growth of SiO2 protrusions into the polycrystalline Si are observed resulting in interfacial ''degradation''/roughening up to 100 nm into the polycrystalline Si. Only minor roughening is observed at the crystalline Si/SiO2 interface. It is argued that the presence of grain boundaries accelerates the O out-diffusion process. C1 CHINESE UNIV HONG KONG, DEPT ELECT ENGN, HONG KONG, HONG KONG. FRANCE TELECOM, CNET, F-22307 LANNION, FRANCE. SANDIA NATL LABS, ADV MAT LAB, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106 USA. RP Devine, RAB (reprint author), FRANCE TELECOM, CTR NATL ETUD TELECOMMUN, BP 98, F-38243 MEYLAN, FRANCE. RI MATHIOT, Daniel/E-7629-2010; XU, Jian-Bin (J.B.)/C-9374-2011 OI MATHIOT, Daniel/0000-0003-2845-3776; XU, Jian-Bin (J.B.)/0000-0002-0323-8140 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 317 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08532-7 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VY061 UT WOS:A1996VY06100052 ER PT J AU Buscher, S Glenzer, S Wrubel, T Kunze, HJ AF Buscher, S Glenzer, S Wrubel, T Kunze, HJ TI Investigation of the He II P-alpha and He II P-beta transitions at high densities SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS; IONIZED-HELIUM LINES; DENSE-PLASMAS; C-IV; SPECTRAL-LINES; STARK PROFILES; ION LINES; N-V; SHIFTS; DIAGNOSTICS AB Measurements of Stark profiles of the He II P-alpha line at lambda = 468.6 nm and of the He II P-beta line at lambda = 320.3 nm from a well diagnosed plasma of a gas-liner pinch discharge are reported. The plasma parameters were determined independently by Thomson scattering, and we found n(e) = 0.5-4 x 10(18) cm(-3), k(B)T(e) = 4-7.5 eV when measurements of the He II P-alpha line were carried out and n(e) = 0.4-0.9 x 10(18) cm(-3), k(B)T(e) = 3-5.4 eV for the He II P-beta measurements. We compare widths and shifts of the spectral lines with theoretical approximations and present new empirical scalings. While the width of the He II P-alpha line shows significant discrepancies with lineshape theories, in the case of the He II P-beta line profile we find good agreement with some calculations. In particular, to investigate ion dynamic effects we present an accurate measurement of the dip in the centre of the spectral line. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Buscher, S (reprint author), UNIV RUHUNA,INST PHYS EXPT 5,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. NR 68 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 18 BP 4107 EP 4125 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/29/18/008 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VK016 UT WOS:A1996VK01600008 ER PT J AU Miura, M Micca, PL Fisher, CD Heinrichs, JC Donaldson, JA Finkel, GC Slatkin, DN AF Miura, M Micca, PL Fisher, CD Heinrichs, JC Donaldson, JA Finkel, GC Slatkin, DN TI Synthesis of a nickel tetracarboranylphenylporphyrin for boron neutron-capture therapy: Biodistribution and toxicity in tumor-bearing mice SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID PORPHYRINS; GLIOMA; TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRINS; PHARMACOKINETICS; DERIVATIVES; AGGREGATION; VEHICLE; MODEL; ACID AB Nickel-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaacetic acid-5,10,15,20-tetra-[3-carboranyl-methoxyphenyl]-porphyrin octamethylester (NiTCP) was given in a Cremophor EL, a polyethoxylated castor oil, and propylene glycol emulsion to BALB/c mice bearing transplanted s.c. KHJJ mammary carcinomas. A total dose of 244 mu g NiTCP/gram body weight (gbw) (54 mu g B/gbw) was given in 6 i.p. injections over a 32 hr period. Observations of behavior and changes in body weight and chemical and hematological blood tests indicated little or no toxicity from NiTCP over a period of 6-90 hr after injections. Boron concentrations near tumor margins were 160-180 mu g B/g at 41-90 hr after the last injection. Tumor:normal brain boron concentration ratios reached approx. 10:1 and tumor:blood ratios reached approx. 250:1 after 4 days. There was no evidence of thrombocytopenia or other potentially important toxicities. Our findings place NiTCP among the leading candidates for pre-clinical experiments aimed toward improvement upon the compounds being tested for boron neutron-capture therapy of glioblastoma multiforme. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. RP Miura, M (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,BLDG 490,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 1 BP 114 EP 119 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960927)68:1<114::AID-IJC20>3.0.CO;2-A PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VK978 UT WOS:A1996VK97800020 PM 8895550 ER PT J AU Perry, GD Duffy, PB Miller, NL AF Perry, GD Duffy, PB Miller, NL TI An extended data set of river discharges for validation of general circulation models SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID NEW-GUINEA; WORLD; RUNOFF; PAPUA; FLOW AB Using existing measurements of streamflow data, we present a new data set of river discharges to the ocean, for use in validating climate models. This data set includes annual mean discharges for 981 rivers, representing approximately 824,500 m(3)/s of global river discharge. This is about 65% of contemporary estimates of continental precipitation minus continental evaporation (P-E). Using our new data set, we present a self-consistent water budget over continents. We find that rivers with annual mean discharges between about 250 m(3)/s and about 20,000 m(3)/s closely follow a power law size distribution. We estimate the total flow from rivers smaller than 250 m(3)/s by assuming they obey the same power law size distribution. Under this assumption, the estimated total flow from these rivers is about 33% of P-E. Including an existing estimate of soil moisture entering the ocean underground, our estimated total flow into the ocean is within about 2% of contemporary estimates of continental P-E. Our data set is available in digital format. C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV, DEPT METEOROL, SAN JOSE, CA 95192 USA. RP Perry, GD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, POB L256, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI Miller, Norman/E-6897-2010 NR 73 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D16 BP 21339 EP 21349 DI 10.1029/96JD00932 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VK041 UT WOS:A1996VK04100015 ER PT J AU Koura, N Kohara, S Takeuchi, K Takahashi, S Curtiss, LA Grimsditch, M Saboungi, ML AF Koura, N Kohara, S Takeuchi, K Takahashi, S Curtiss, LA Grimsditch, M Saboungi, ML TI Alkali carbonates: Raman spectroscopy, ab initio calculations, and structure SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; carbonate; ab initio calculation ID SIMULATION; LI AB Equilibrium structures of Li2CO3 and K2CO3 were calculated using ab initio molecular orbital calculations carried out at the Hartree-Fock (HF) level. Of the four structures considered for Li2CO3 and K2CO3, the most stable was a structure with all five atoms in a plane. The harmonic frequencies were also calculated and found to be in agreement with the present Raman measurements. Structure factors, calculated from the ab initio data for each of the four structures considered, are compared with existing X-ray results. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. SCI UNIV TOKYO, DEPT IND CHEM, NODA, CHIBA 278, JAPAN. RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 19 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 382 IS 3 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.1016/0022-2860(96)09314-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VQ273 UT WOS:A1996VQ27300002 ER PT J AU Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB AF Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB TI Peculiarities of methane clathrate hydrate formation and solid-state deformation, including possible superheating of water ice SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURES AB Slow, constant-volume heating of water ice plus methane gas mixtures forms methane clathrate hydrate by a progressive reaction that occurs at the nascent ice/liquid water interface. As this reaction proceeds, the rate of melting of metastable water ice may be suppressed to allow short-lived superheating of ice to at least 276 kelvin. Plastic flow properties measured on clathrate test specimens are significantly different from those of water ice; under nonhydrostatic stress, methane clathrate undergoes extensive strain hardening and a process of solid-state disproportionation or exsolution at conditions well within its conventional hydrostatic stability field. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Stern, LA (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY,345 MIDDLEFIELD RD,MENLO PK,CA 94025, USA. NR 32 TC 179 Z9 191 U1 6 U2 33 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 273 IS 5283 BP 1843 EP 1848 DI 10.1126/science.273.5283.1843 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VJ713 UT WOS:A1996VJ71300040 ER PT J AU Schranz, HW Sewell, TD AF Schranz, HW Sewell, TD TI Statistical and dynamical behaviour in the unimolecular reaction dynamics of polyatomic molecules SO THEOCHEM-JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE unimolecular reactions; polyatomic molecule; intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; BOND FISSION REACTIONS; METHYL ISOCYANIDE; RATE CONSTANTS; ISOMERIZATION; 1,2-DIFLUOROETHANE; DISILANE; CD2HNC; CH3NC AB The dominant theories of unimolecular reaction are statistical. A fundamental assumption is that the timescale on which energy moves about a reactant molecule is much shorter than the timescale for reaction. It is assumed that intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) is globally rapid throughout the molecular phase space. It has been widely thought that the assumption of rapid IVR referred to above is valid for sufficiently large polyatomics. Much of the supporting evidence for this view comes from indirect experimental studies of IVR and comparisons of statistical and dynamical calculations. However, the presence of a fast IVR rate, as derived from some experiments, does not automatically ensure the reaction dynamics will be statistical. In fact, in recent studies, we have shown that even in the presence of fast IVR rates between some modes the reaction dynamics can be extremely non-statistical. Secondly, most comparisons of statistical and dynamical calculations have made simplifying assumptions which render the comparisons ambiguous. In the present paper, we investigate results of recent statistical and dynamical calculations performed on identical potential energy surfaces for a range of polyatomic molecules. Our ultimate goal is to determine how the extent and timescale of IVR plays a role in determining the statistical or non-statistical behaviour in the subsequent unimolecular reaction dynamics of locally and microcanonically excited polyatomic molecules. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Schranz, HW (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH CHEM,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. RI Schranz, Harold/A-6008-2010 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 THEOCHEM-J MOL STRUC JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 368 BP 125 EP 131 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VZ091 UT WOS:A1996VZ09100015 ER PT J AU Gibson, JK AF Gibson, JK TI Gas-phase organolanthanide (Ln) chemistry: Formation of Ln(+)-(benzene) and Ln(+)-(benzyne) complexes by reactions of laser-ablated Ln(+) with cyclic hydrocarbons SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM METHOD; TRANSFORM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METAL-IONS; LANTHANIDE CATIONS; BOND ACTIVATION; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; SC+-ZN+; C-H; BENZENE; ENERGY AB Nascent laser-ablated lanthanide metal ions, Ln(+), were reacted with cyclohexacarbons, C6H6+2n (n = 0, 1, 2, or 3), and the resulting organometallic complex ions, {Ln(+)}-{CpHq}, were identified by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cyclohexane and cyclohexadiene were especially reactive, primarily undergoing one or more dehydrogenations to produce adduct ions corresponding to the benzene and benzyne complexes, {Ln(+)}-{C6H6} and {Ln(+)}-{C6H4}. Also identified as minor products were the ''sandwich'' complexes, {C6H6}-{Ln(+)}-{C6H6} Carbon-carbon bond activation was generally an unimportant reaction channel, with small yields of {Ln(+)}-{CpHq} for p less than or equal to 5. Significant differences were observed in product yields and distributions between the several Ln(+) studied, providing the following comparative reactivities: Ce-+ greater than or similar to Tb+ greater than or similar to Gd+ approximate to Pr+ greater than or similar to Ho+ greater than or similar to Dy+ greater than or similar to Lu+ > [Sm+/Tm+/Eu+/Yb+ unreactive]. These differences are explained by the metal ion ground state electronic configurations (typically 4f(n-1) 6s(1)) and promotion energies (PE) for excitation of a (nonbonding) 4f electron to a valence 5d orbital. For example, upon reaction with 1,3-cyclohexadiene, Eu+ (PE = 394 kJ mol(-1)) was virtually inert while Tb+ (PE = 38 kJ mol(-1)) produced abundant Tb+.{C6H6}. The distinctive Ln(+) reactivities indicate that most ablated Ln(+) were in the ground or a low-lying (greater than or similar to 0.3 eV) electronic state. Contrasting the reactivities of two or more Ln(+) co-ablated from a multicomponent target circumvented effects of experimental variables and provided especially reliable comparative reactivities. In addition to the primary chemical effects, variations in product abundances with ion velocity indicated enhanced H-2 loss for high-energy ion-molecule collisions. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI, POB 2008, BLDG 5505, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 53 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 15688 EP 15694 DI 10.1021/jp960882h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600010 ER PT J AU Clerc, DG Poshusta, RD Hess, AC AF Clerc, DG Poshusta, RD Hess, AC TI Periodic Hartree-Fock study of TiS2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS; BAND-STRUCTURE; SIMULTANEOUS-OPTIMIZATION; LAYERED DICHALCOGENIDES; ENERGY-BANDS; BASIS-SET AB The structural and electronic properties of titanium disulfide were investigated at the ab initio, all-electron, periodic Hartree-Fock level, using an extended basis set and a posteriori density functional correlation corrections to the total energy. Calculated lattice parameters, bulk modulus, linear moduli, cohesive energy, elastic constants, Mulliken populations, band structure, and density of states are reported. The pressure induced semiconductor-to-semimetal phase transition in titanium disulfide is found to result from an indirect band overlap between a sulfur 3p(z)-based valence band at Gamma and a titanium Sd-based conduction band at L. The pressure shift of this overlap in the metallic phase is predicted to be 30 meV/GPa. The phase transition is predicted to occur at a pressure of 84 GPa, which is far greater than the experimental value of 4.0 +/- 0.5 GPa. This large error is due to the large overestimation of the zero-pressure optical band gap in the Hartree-Fock approximation. Correcting this energy gap by using empirical rigid-band shifts results in a predicted transition pressure between 1.5 and 4.0 GPa, which is consistent with experiment. Lattice parameters a, c, and z at the phase transition are predicted to be 5.42(3) Angstrom, 3.284(5) Angstrom and 0.2567(16), respectively. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Clerc, DG (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, MAT SCI PROGRAM, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 70 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 15735 EP 15747 DI 10.1021/jp952264r PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600017 ER PT J AU Marshall, CL Nicholas, JB Brand, H Carrado, KA Winans, RE AF Marshall, CL Nicholas, JB Brand, H Carrado, KA Winans, RE TI Ab initio molecular orbital study of the acidity of hydrated lithium hydroxide SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCHANGED MONTMORILLONITES; BASIS-SETS; INTERLAYER WATER; SURFACES; ELEMENTS; CLAYS; MICA; LI+ AB The proton and water affinities of the Li+ cation are predicted from ab initio molecular orbital theory using Gaussian 90 and Gaussian 92. These calculations were undertaken in order to understand the role that the hydrated Li+ cation has in controlling acidity within the clay interlayers. Proton affinities for hydrated Li(OK) complexes increase with increasing degree of hydration but level off above two waters. This results in the highest acidity for the Li+ complex with fewer than two waters of hydration. Acidity is controlled by the effective charge on the Li+ cation. Stabilization of the charge by associated water molecules contributes to the reduced acidity at higher hydration numbers. Implication of a tight, inner sphere coordination complex is suggested from the calculations. The calculations imply that acidity in Li+ clays is relatively independent of the degree of hydration. Comparison with experimentally-derived hydration data for smectite clays reveals that sufficient water exists within the clay layers even at low relative humidities to fully hydrate the Li+ cation. The calculated proton affinities for Li(OH)(H2O)(n) (298 K) are 238, 252, 251, and 253 kcal/mol for n = 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The calculated water affinities (tendency for a cation to adsorb water for Li(H2O)(n)(+) (298 K) are 29.5, 16.5, 7.0, and 9.5 kcal/mol for n = 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The water affinities obey the same trends as both experimentally determined water affinities and those of a recent theoretical paper but are consistently lower in value. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOL SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP Marshall, CL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 15748 EP 15752 DI 10.1021/jp960018p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600018 ER PT J AU Su, MC Kumaran, SS Lim, KP Michael, JV Wagner, AF Dixon, DA Kiefer, JH DiFelice, J AF Su, MC Kumaran, SS Lim, KP Michael, JV Wagner, AF Dixon, DA Kiefer, JH DiFelice, J TI Thermal decomposition of CF2HCl SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION RATE CONSTANTS; REFLECTED SHOCK-WAVES; FALL-OFF RANGE; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; TUBE TECHNIQUE; LOW-PRESSURES; GAS-PHASE; PHOTOLYSIS; ELIMINATION; ABSTRACTION AB The development of a multipass optical absorption (MPA) technique for detecting CF2 radicals behind reflected shock waves and its application for studying the thermal dissociation of CF2HCl in Kr are reported. In an earlier work, a Cl atom atomic resonance absorption spectrometric (ARAS) study on the thermal decomposition of CF2Cl2 gave the stoichiometric yield of two Cl atoms per dissociating CF2Cl2, indicating the overall process is CF2Cl2 = 2Cl + CF2. CF2 yields with CF2Cl2 as the thermal source were then used to obtain the CF2 curve of growth. The effective absorption cross section is 2.86 x 10(-18) cm(2) at 249.8 nm. In the CF2HCl experiments, the yield was measured to be 1.01 +/- 0.06, confirming that the thermal decomposition pathway is molecular HCl elimination; i.e., CF2HCl (+ M) --> CF2 + HCl (+ M). Above 1900 K, C-Cl bond fission was measured to be <1%. Rate constants for the title reaction were measured by observing the temporal formation of CF2 radicals. Also, rate constants were measured and the overall enthalpy change was determined in incident shock waves using the laser schlieren (LS) technique. Over 1047 less than or equal to T less than or equal to 1731 K and 113 less than or equal to P less than or equal to 589 Torr, both the magnitude and the T dependence of the measured rate constants from the two techniques are in good agreement. A fit to combined sets of data is expressed to within +/- 54% by the Arrhenius equation: k = 2.42 x 10(-9) exp(-20180K/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). With an E(0) = 54.85 kcal mol(-1) that is fixed by the low-temperature data, ab initio transition state properties, determined at the MP4(SDTQ) and QCISD(T) levels, were used in RRKM modeling of the rate constants. Excellent agreement with the present and previous high-temperature density-dependent data was obtained with constant [Delta E](down) = (265 +/- 20) cm(-1). From the LS experiments, Delta H-0(0) = 52.1 kcal mol(-1), implying Delta(f)H(0,CF2)(0) = -39.5 kcal mol(-1) if the JANAF value for Delta(f)H(0,CF2HCl)(0) is accepted. For the reverse insertion process this suggests a barrier of 2.8 kcal mol(-1). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. DUPONT CO INC,CENT RES & DEV,EXPT STN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CHICAGO,IL 60680. RI Michael, Joe/E-3907-2010 NR 47 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 15827 EP 15833 DI 10.1021/jp9613293 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600030 ER PT J AU Hage, W Kim, M Frei, H Mathies, RA AF Hage, W Kim, M Frei, H Mathies, RA TI Protein dynamics in the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle: A nanosecond step-scan FTIR investigation of the KL to L transition SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTON TRANSLOCATION; ISOMERIZATION; CHROMOPHORE; SPECTRA; EVENTS; MECHANISM; PUMP AB A time-resolved step-scan FTIR spectrometer with a time resolution of 20 ns was developed and used to investigate the KL to L transition in the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin in the time range from -60 to 940 ns. Broadband FTIR absorbance difference spectra With a spectral range of 850-2050 cm(-1) and a spectral resolution of 4 cm(-1) have been obtained. Our data show that there are two sets of BR photoproduct difference bands exhibiting different kinetics. The intensity changes of bands attributed to structural changes of the carboxyl groups Asp-96 and Asp-115 as well as of bands assigned to C=C and C-C stretching modes of the chromophore show single exponential behavior with a time constant of about 400 ns, implying that these two processes are coupled. The time-dependent intensity changes of bands attributed to structural changes of the chromophore region near the Schiff base exhibit slower kinetics with a time constant of about 2 mu s We interpret our data in terms of a process during the KL to L transition where structural changes of the beta-ionone ring end of the chromophore and of Asp-115 occur faster than changes at the Schiff base region of the chromophore. Under our physiologic al sample conditions, a perturbation of Asp-115 occurs in the first 20 ns in contrast to results from hydrated films where this process is blocked or occurs more slowly. This fast protein response indicates that there is direct coupling between the carboxylic acid residues and the chromophore. Comparison of our data with low-temperature and microsecond time-resolved infrared spectra of the L intermediate in hydrated films of BR indicates that a different L structure is produced when the water activity is low. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,MS CALVIN LAB,STRUCT BIOL DIV,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 32 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 16026 EP 16033 DI 10.1021/jp9614198 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600057 ER PT J AU Cai, Y Chen, SS AF Cai, Y Chen, SS TI Dynamic response of a stack/cable system subjected to vortex induced vibration SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB In this study, a coupled model was developed of wind-induced vibration of a stack, based on an unsteady-flow theory and non-linear dynamics of the stack's heavy elastic suspended cables. Numerical analysis was performed to identify excitation mechanisms. The stack was found to be excited by vortex shedding. Once lock-in resonance occurred, the cables were excited by the transverse motion of the stack. Large-amplitude oscillations of the cables were due to parametric resonance. Appropriate techniques have been proposed to alleviate the vibration problem. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited RP Cai, Y (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 196 IS 3 BP 337 EP 349 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0487 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VJ777 UT WOS:A1996VJ77700007 ER PT J AU Riotto, A Tkachev, II AF Riotto, A Tkachev, II TI Non-equilibrium symmetry restoration beyond one loop SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FINITE-TEMPERATURE; FIELD-THEORIES; INFLATION; UNIVERSE AB We calculate the strength of symmetry restoration effects in highly non-equilibrium states which can arise, for example, during preheating after inflation. We show that in certain parameter range the one-loop results are unstable, requiring summation of multiloop diagrams. We solve this problem for the O(N) model in the large N-limit and show that the symmetry restoration may be less effective than what predicted by the one-loop estimate. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES,MOSCOW 117312,RUSSIA. RP Riotto, A (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00882-9 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900010 ER PT J AU Agashe, K Graesser, M Hinchliffe, I Suzuki, M AF Agashe, K Graesser, M Hinchliffe, I Suzuki, M TI A consistent model of electroweak data including Z->b(b)over-bar and Z->c(c)over-bar SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PARITY NONCONSERVATION; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; BACKWARD ASYMMETRY; PARTICLE PHYSICS; NEUTRAL-CURRENT; RESONANCE; THALLIUM; CESIUM; SEARCH; MASS AB We have performed an overall fit to the electroweak data with the generation blind U(1) extension of the Standard Model. As input data for fitting we have included the asymmetry parameters, the partial decay widths of Z, neutrino scattering, and atomic parity violation. The QCD coupling alpha(s) has been constrained to the world average obtained from all data except the Z width. On the basis of our fit we have constructed a viable gauge model that not only explains R(b) and R(c) but also provides a much better overall fit to the data than the Standard Model. Despite its phenomenological viability, our model is unfortunately not simple from the theoretical viewpoint. Atomic parity violation experiments strongly disfavor more aesthetically appealing alternatives that can be grand unified. RP Agashe, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 218 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00831-3 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900032 ER PT J AU Radyushkin, AV AF Radyushkin, AV TI Asymmetric gluon distributions and hard diffractive electroproduction SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QCD; EVOLUTION; MESONS AB Due to the momentum transfer r = p - p' from the initial proton to the final, the ''asymmetric'' matrix element [p'\G...G\p] that appears in the pQCD description of hard diffractive electroproduction does not coincide with that defining the gluon distribution function f(g)(x). I outline a lowest-twist pQCD formalism based on the concept of double distribution F-g(x,y), which specifies the fractions xp, yr, (1-y) r of the (lightlike) initial momentum p and the momentum transfer r, resp., carried by the gluons. I discuss one-loop evolution equation for the double distribution F-g(x,y; mu) and obtain the solution of this equation in a simplified situation when the quark-gluon mixing effects are ignored. For r(2) = 0, the momentum transfer r is proportional to p: r = zeta p, and it is convenient to parameterize the matrix element [p - r\G...G\p] by an asymmetric distribution function F-zeta(g)(X) depending on the total fractions X = x + y zeta and X - zeta = x - (1 - y)zeta of the initial proton momentum p carried by the gluons. I formulate evolution equations for F-zeta(g)(X), study some of their general properties and discuss the relationship between F-zeta(g)(X), F-g(x,y) and f(g)(x). C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON NATL ACCELERATOR FACIL,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA,THEORET PHYS LAB,DUBNA,RUSSIA. RP Radyushkin, AV (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. NR 20 TC 256 Z9 257 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 333 EP 342 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00844-1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900050 ER PT J AU Littenberg, LS Valencia, G AF Littenberg, LS Valencia, G TI The decays K->pi pi nu(nu)over-bar within the standard model SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID KAON DECAYS; RARE; EXPANSION AB We study the reactions K --> within the minimal standard model. We use isospin symmetry to relate the matrix elements to the form factors measured in K-l4. We argue that these modes are short distance dominated and can be used for precise determinations of the CKM parameters rho and eta. Depending on the value of the CKM angles we find branching ratios in the following ranges: B(K-L --> pi(+)pi(+)) = [2-5] x 10(-13) B(K-L --> pi(0) pi(0)) = [1-3] x 10(-13); B(K+ --> pi(+)pi(0)) = [1-2] x 10(-14). We also discuss a possible CP-odd observable. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. RP Littenberg, LS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Littenberg, Laurence/0000-0001-8373-7179 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 379 EP 384 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00845-3 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900057 ER PT J AU Gordon, LE Storrow, JK AF Gordon, LE Storrow, JK TI Prompt photon production in gamma gamma collisions and the gluon content of the photon SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION; LEADING-ORDER; QCD; PHOTOPRODUCTION; HERA AB We calculate the cross section for inclusive prompt photon production in gamma gamma collisions, i.e. the reaction e(+)e(-) --> gamma gamma --> gamma X, in next-to-leading order QCD. We show that at LEP2 energies this cross section is measurable and is sensitive to the gluon distribution of the photon, g(gamma), which is currently very poorly constrained by data. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT THEORET PHYS,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP Gordon, LE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 385 EP 390 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00877-5 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900058 ER PT J AU Barnes, T Browder, TE Tuan, SF AF Barnes, T Browder, TE Tuan, SF TI Prospects for detecting an eta'(c) in two-photon processes SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PUZZLE; SEARCH AB We argue that an experimental search for an eta(c)', the first radial excitation of the eta(c)(2980), may be carried out using the two-photon process e(+)e(-) --> e(+)e(-)gamma gamma --> e(+)e(-)eta(c)'. We estimate the partial width Gamma(gamma gamma)(eta(c)') and the branching fraction B(eta(c)' --> h), where h is an exclusive hadronic channel, and find that for h = K(s)(0)K(+/-)pi(-/+) it may be possible to observe this state in two-photon collisions at CLEO-II. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,DEPT PHYS,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP Barnes, T (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37821, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 391 EP 394 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00878-7 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900059 ER PT J AU Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Armstrong, DS Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Brose, J Bugg, DV Case, T Cooper, AR Cramer, O Crowe, KM Degener, T Dietz, HP Djaoshvili, N vonDombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Hackmann, R Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kalteyer, B Kammle, B Kammel, P Kiel, T Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Lakata, M Landua, R Ludemann, J Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Montanet, L Noble, A Ouared, R OuldSaada, F Peters, K Pinder, CN Pinter, G Regenfus, C Reissmann, J Resag, S Roethel, W Schafer, E Schmidt, P Scott, I Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Urner, D Volcker, C Walter, F Walther, D Wiedner, U Zou, BS Zupancic, C AF Abele, A Adomeit, J Amsler, C Armstrong, DS Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Berdoz, A Beuchert, K Bischoff, S Blum, P Braune, K Brose, J Bugg, DV Case, T Cooper, AR Cramer, O Crowe, KM Degener, T Dietz, HP Djaoshvili, N vonDombrowski, S Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Giarritta, P Hackmann, R Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Herz, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Holtzhaussen, C Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kalteyer, B Kammle, B Kammel, P Kiel, T Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kolo, C Kunze, M Lakata, M Landua, R Ludemann, J Matthay, H McCrady, R Meier, J Meyer, CA Montanet, L Noble, A Ouared, R OuldSaada, F Peters, K Pinder, CN Pinter, G Regenfus, C Reissmann, J Resag, S Roethel, W Schafer, E Schmidt, P Scott, I Seibert, R Spanier, S Stock, H Strassburger, C Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Thoma, U Tischhauser, M Urner, D Volcker, C Walter, F Walther, D Wiedner, U Zou, BS Zupancic, C TI Observation of f(0)(1500) decay into KLKL SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ANTIPROTON-PROTON ANNIHILATION; (P)OVER-BAR-P ANNIHILATION; HIGH-STATISTICS; REST; RESONANCE; ETA; H-2 AB The f(0)(1500) is observed in its decay mode in an amplitude analysis of high statistics data in <(p)over bar p> annihilation at rest into pi(0)K(L)K(L). The mass and width is found to be (m,Gamma) = (1515 +/- 20, 105 +/- 15) MeV. A comparison of the decay rate into 2 pi(0) shows that this state cannot be dominantly . The f(2)'(1525) has been observed for the first time in <(p)over bar p> annihilation and its production rate is consistent with the expectation from the OZI rule. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV BONN,INST STRAHLEN & KERNPHYS,D-53115 BONN,GERMANY. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV MAINZ,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. UNIV MUNICH,D-80333 MUNICH,GERMANY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. CTR RECH NUCL,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. UNIV ZURICH,CH-8057 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. COLL FRANCE,F-75231 PARIS,FRANCE. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,D-44780 BOCHUM,GERMANY. RP Abele, A (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 30 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 425 EP 432 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)01059-3 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900065 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Leib, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Rind, O Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY Leggett, C LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Leib, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Rind, O Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A TI Search for neutral Higgs boson production through the process e(+)e(-)->Z(*)H(0) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; STANDARD MODEL; JET FRAGMENTATION; PAIR PRODUCTION; L3 EXPERIMENT; E+E-PHYSICS; LEP; DECAYS; SUPERSYMMETRY; COLLISIONS AB The results of the searches for neutral Higgs boson production in the process e(+)e(-) --> Z* H-0 are reported, focusing on Higgs boson masses below 70 GeV. The data sample consists of three million hadronic Z(0) decays collected by the L3 experiment at LEP from 1991 through 1994. No signal is found leading to a lower limit on the mass of the Standard Model Higgs boson of 60.2 GeV at 95% C.L. These results are also interpreted in the framework of the General Two Doubler Model and limits on the nonstandard Higgs boson production through the process e(+)e(-) --> Z*h(0) are set. A lower limit of 66.7 GeV at 95% C.L. is obtained for the case where the Higgs decays into an invisible final state. C1 RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 3, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. NATL INST NUCL & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, NL-1009 DB AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV BASEL, INST PHYS, CH-4056 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, BEIJING 100039, PEOPLES R CHINA. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN, D-10099 BERLIN, GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, BOMBAY 400005, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. BOSTON UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. INST ATOM PHYS, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. UNIV BUCHAREST, R-76900 BUCHAREST, ROMANIA. HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT RES INST PHYS, H-1525 BUDAPEST 114, HUNGARY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. UNIV FLORENCE, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. CERN, EUROPEAN LAB PARTICLE PHYS, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. WORLD LAB, FBLJA PROJECT, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA, HEFEI 230029, ANHUI, PEOPLES R CHINA. RES INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SEFT, SF-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND. UNIV LAUSANNE, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. UNIV LECCE, I-73100 LECCE, ITALY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV LYON 1, CNRS, IN2P3, INST PHYS NUCL LYON, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE. CIEMAT, E-28040 MADRID, SPAIN. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. INST THEORET & EXPT PHYS, MOSCOW 117259, RUSSIA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV NAPLES, I-80125 NAPLES, ITALY. UNIV CYPRUS, DEPT NAT SCI, NICOSIA, CYPRUS. UNIV NYMEGEN, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. NATL INST NUCL PHYS & HIGH ENERGY PHYS, NL-6525 ED NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA, I-06100 PERUGIA, ITALY. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST NUCL PHYS, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA. UNIV SALERNO, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-84100 SALERNO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV SANTIAGO, DEPT FIS PARTICULAS ELEMENTALES, E-15706 SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI, CENT LAB MECHATRON & INSTRUMENTAT, BU-1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA. KOREA ADV INST SCI & TECHNOL, CTR HIGH ENERGY PHYS, TAEJON 305701, SOUTH KOREA. UNIV ALABAMA, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35486 USA. UNIV UTRECHT, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NIKHEF, NL-3584 CB UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. UNIV GENEVA, CH-1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND. PAUL SCHERRER INST, CH-5232 VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, D-15738 ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. ETH ZURICH, CH-8093 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, D-22761 HAMBURG, GERMANY. RP RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, INST PHYS 1, D-52056 AACHEN, GERMANY. RI Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Ludovici, Lucio/F-5917-2011; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; alpat, ali behcet/G-6290-2013; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; rodriguez calonge, francisco javier/H-9682-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; OI Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ludovici, Lucio/0000-0003-1970-9960; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; alpat, ali behcet/0000-0002-0116-1506; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 45 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 454 EP 470 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00987-2 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900068 ER PT J AU Abachi, S Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alitti, J Alvarez, G Alves, GA Amidi, E Amos, N Anderson, EW Aronson, SH Astur, R Avery, RE Baarmand, MM Baden, A Balamurali, V Balderston, J Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Bartlett, JF Bazizi, K Belyaev, A Bendich, J Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bischoff, A Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Borders, J Boswell, C Brandt, A Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D CastillaValdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C CullenVidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI De, K Demarteau, M Denisenko, N Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M DiLoreto, G Dixon, R Draper, P Drinkard, J Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolev, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahey, S Fahland, T Fatyga, M Fatyga, MK Featherly, J Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Franzini, P Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gibbard, B Glebov, V Glenn, S Glicenstein, JF Gobbi, B Goforth, M Goldschmidt, A Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Green, J Greenlee, H Griffin, G Grossman, N Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gu, WX Guglielmo, G Guido, JA Guida, JM Guryn, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, P Gutnikov, YE Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hansen, S Hatcher, R Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U HernandezMontoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Igarashi, S Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jiang, JZY JoffeMinor, T Johari, H Johns, K Johnson, M Johnstad, H Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Kang, JS Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kerth, L Kim, CL Kim, SK Klatchko, A Klima, B Klochkov, BI Klopfenstein, C Klyukhin, VI Kochetkov, VI Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kourlas, J Kozelov, AV Kozlovski, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lami, S Landsberg, G Lauer, B Lebrat, JF Leflat, A Li, H Li, J Li, YK LiDemarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liu, YC Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lokos, S Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R MaganaMendoza, L Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Markosky, L Marshall, T Martin, MI May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Neto, JRTD Merritt, KW Miettinen, H Mincer, A deMiranda, JM Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P daMotta, H Mudan, M Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Neis, E Nemethy, P Nesic, D Nicola, M Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Pang, M Para, A Park, CH Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Perkins, J Peryshkin, A Peters, M Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Podstavkov, VM Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Puseljic, D Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Rao, MVS Rapidis, PA Rasmussen, L Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roe, NA Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J SanchezHernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smart, W Smith, A Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sood, PM Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stoianova, DA Stoker, D Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Taylor, TL Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Virador, PRG Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Wilcox, J Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yanagisawa, C Yang, J Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhu, Q Zhu, ZH Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abachi, S Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adam, I Adams, DL Adams, M Ahn, S Aihara, H Alitti, J Alvarez, G Alves, GA Amidi, E Amos, N Anderson, EW Aronson, SH Astur, R Avery, RE Baarmand, MM Baden, A Balamurali, V Balderston, J Baldin, B Banerjee, S Bantly, J Bartlett, JF Bazizi, K Belyaev, A Bendich, J Beri, SB Bertram, I Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bischoff, A Biswas, N Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, P Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Borders, J Boswell, C Brandt, A Brock, R Bross, A Buchholz, D Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Carvalho, W Casey, D CastillaValdez, H Chakraborty, D Chang, SM Chekulaev, SV Chen, LP Chen, W Choi, S Chopra, S Choudhary, BC Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cobau, WG Cochran, J Cooper, WE Cretsinger, C CullenVidal, D Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Dahl, OI De, K Demarteau, M Denisenko, N Denisov, D Denisov, SP Diehl, HT Diesburg, M DiLoreto, G Dixon, R Draper, P Drinkard, J Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Dugad, SR Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolev, P Eroshin, OV Evdokimov, VN Fahey, S Fahland, T Fatyga, M Fatyga, MK Featherly, J Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Finocchiaro, G Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Forden, GE Fortner, M Frame, KC Franzini, P Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Geld, TL Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gibbard, B Glebov, V Glenn, S Glicenstein, JF Gobbi, B Goforth, M Goldschmidt, A Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, DR Green, J Greenlee, H Griffin, G Grossman, N Grudberg, P Grunendahl, S Gu, WX Guglielmo, G Guido, JA Guida, JM Guryn, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, P Gutnikov, YE Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hahn, KS Hall, RE Hansen, S Hatcher, R Hauptman, JM Hedin, D Heinson, AP Heintz, U HernandezMontoya, R Heuring, T Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hoftun, JS Hsieh, F Hu, T Hu, T Hu, T Huehn, T Igarashi, S Ito, AS James, E Jaques, J Jerger, SA Jiang, JZY JoffeMinor, T Johari, H Johns, K Johnson, M Johnstad, H Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Jun, SY Jung, CK Kahn, S Kalbfleisch, G Kang, JS Kehoe, R Kelly, ML Kerth, L Kim, CL Kim, SK Klatchko, A Klima, B Klochkov, BI Klopfenstein, C Klyukhin, VI Kochetkov, VI Kohli, JM Koltick, D Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kourlas, J Kozelov, AV Kozlovski, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kunori, S Lami, S Landsberg, G Lauer, B Lebrat, JF Leflat, A Li, H Li, J Li, YK LiDemarteau, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Liu, YC Lobkowicz, F Loken, SC Lokos, S Lueking, L Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Madden, R MaganaMendoza, L Mani, S Mao, HS Markeloff, R Markosky, L Marshall, T Martin, MI May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McKibben, T McKinley, J McMahon, T Melanson, HL Neto, JRTD Merritt, KW Miettinen, H Mincer, A deMiranda, JM Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Mooney, P daMotta, H Mudan, M Murphy, C Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Narayanan, A Neal, HA Negret, JP Neis, E Nemethy, P Nesic, D Nicola, M Norman, D Oesch, L Oguri, V Oltman, E Oshima, N Owen, D Padley, P Pang, M Para, A Park, CH Park, YM Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Perkins, J Peryshkin, A Peters, M Piekarz, H Pischalnikov, Y Podstavkov, VM Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Puseljic, D Qian, J Quintas, PZ Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramirez, O Rao, MVS Rapidis, PA Rasmussen, L Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Rockwell, T Roe, NA Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J SanchezHernandez, A Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Sculli, J Shabalina, E Shaffer, C Shankar, HC Shivpuri, RK Shupe, M Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Smart, W Smith, A Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sood, PM Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Souza, M Spadafora, AL Stephens, RW Stevenson, ML Stewart, D Stoianova, DA Stoker, D Streets, K Strovink, M Sznajder, A Tamburello, P Tarazi, J Tartaglia, M Taylor, TL Thompson, J Trippe, TG Tuts, PM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Virador, PRG Vititoe, D Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, G Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Wightman, JA Wilcox, J Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Wirjawan, JVD Womersley, J Won, E Wood, DR Xu, H Yamada, R Yamin, P Yanagisawa, C Yang, J Yasuda, T Yepes, P Yoshikawa, C Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Y Zhu, Q Zhu, ZH Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A TI Search for additional neutral gauge bosons SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPENDENCE; MODELS AB We have searched for a heavy neutral gauge boson, Z', using the decay channel Z' --> ee. The data were collected with the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron during the 1992-1993 collider run at root s = 1.8 TeV from an integrated luminosity of 15 +/- 1 pb(-1). Limits are set on the cross section times branching ratio for the process --> Z' --> ee as a function of the Z' mass. We exclude the existence of a Z' of mass less than 490 GeV/c(2), assuming a Z' with the same coupling strengths to quarks and leptons as the standard model Z boson. C1 UNIV LOS ANDES,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV BUENOS AIRES,BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,LAFEX,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CINVESTAV IPN,MEXICO CITY 14000,DF,MEXICO. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV DELHI,DELHI 110007,INDIA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,PUSAN 608736,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV OKLAHOMA,NORMAN,OK 73019. PUNJABI UNIV,CHANDIGARH 160014,INDIA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77005. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. CENS,CEA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,DAPNIA,GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Abachi, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; NR 20 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 471 EP 478 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00932-X PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900069 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Bettoni, D Bharadwaj, V Biino, C Blanford, G Borreani, G Broemmelsiek, D Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Ceccucci, A Cester, R Church, M Dalpiaz, P Dalpiaz, PF Dibenedetto, R Dimitroyannis, D Fabbri, M Fast, J Gianoli, A Ginsburg, CM Gollwitzer, K Govi, G Hahn, A Hasan, MA Hsueh, S Lewis, R Luppi, E Macri, M Majewska, AM Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Marques, J Marsh, W Martini, M Masuzawa, M Menichetti, E Migliori, A Mussa, R Palestini, S Pallavicini, M Passagio, S Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pedlar, TK Peoples, J Pesando, L Petrucci, F Pia, MG Pordes, S Rapidis, PA Ray, R Reid, J Rinaudo, G Robutti, E Roccuzzo, B Rosen, J Santroni, A Sarmiento, M Savrie, M Schultz, J Seth, KK Smith, A Smith, GA Sozzi, M Trokenheim, S Weber, MF Werkema, S Zhang, Y Zhao, J Zioulas, G AF Armstrong, TA Bettoni, D Bharadwaj, V Biino, C Blanford, G Borreani, G Broemmelsiek, D Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Ceccucci, A Cester, R Church, M Dalpiaz, P Dalpiaz, PF Dibenedetto, R Dimitroyannis, D Fabbri, M Fast, J Gianoli, A Ginsburg, CM Gollwitzer, K Govi, G Hahn, A Hasan, MA Hsueh, S Lewis, R Luppi, E Macri, M Majewska, AM Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Marques, J Marsh, W Martini, M Masuzawa, M Menichetti, E Migliori, A Mussa, R Palestini, S Pallavicini, M Passagio, S Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pedlar, TK Peoples, J Pesando, L Petrucci, F Pia, MG Pordes, S Rapidis, PA Ray, R Reid, J Rinaudo, G Robutti, E Roccuzzo, B Rosen, J Santroni, A Sarmiento, M Savrie, M Schultz, J Seth, KK Smith, A Smith, GA Sozzi, M Trokenheim, S Weber, MF Werkema, S Zhang, Y Zhao, J Zioulas, G TI Precision measurements of antiproton-proton forward elastic scattering parameters in the 3.7 to 6.2 GeV/c region SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PBARP AB Differential cross sections for <(p)over bar p> elastic scattering have been measured for very small momentum transfers at six different incident antiproton momenta in the range 3.7 to 6.2 GeV/c by the detection of recoil protons at scattering angles close to 90 degrees. Forward scattering parameters sigma(T), b, and rho have been determined. For the rho-parameter, up to an order of magnitude higher level of precision has been achieved compared to that in earlier experiments. It is found that existing dispersion theory predictions are in disagreement with our results for the rho-parameter. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GENOA,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV TURIN,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. RP Armstrong, TA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,104 DAVEY LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. RI Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Sozzi, Marco/H-1674-2011; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Gianoli, Alberto/H-5544-2015; OI Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Sozzi, Marco/0000-0002-2923-1465; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Gianoli, Alberto/0000-0002-2456-8667; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071 NR 9 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 385 IS 1-4 BP 479 EP 486 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)01026-X PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VL389 UT WOS:A1996VL38900070 ER PT J AU Bakac, A Thomas, LM AF Bakac, A Thomas, LM TI Macrocyclic rhodium(III) hydrides and a monomeric rhodium(II) complex SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DIOXYGEN COMPLEXES; METHYL VIOLOGEN; REACTIVITY; REDUCTION; RADICALS; LIGANDS; FORMYL; ACTIVATION; PORPHYRINS AB Several mononuclear N-4-macrocyclic Rh(III) hydrides were prepared and characterized in the solid state and in solution. H-1 NMR, IR, and UV data are reported. The complex {trans-(Cl)([14]aneN(4))RhH}(2)(ZnCl4) . dmso (1 . dmso) crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P (1) over bar, in a unit cell of dimensions a = 10.680(3) Angstrom, b = 13.360(3) Angstrom, c = 14.277(4) Angstrom, alpha = 86.49(2)degrees, beta = 83.18(2)degrees, gamma = 66.64(2)degrees. The data refined to a final value of R = 0.070 and R(w), = 0.13 based on 2687 observed reflections. UV photolysis of chloride-free (H2O)L(1)RhH(2+) results in homolytic Rh-H bond cleavage. The rhodium(II) product, L(1)Rh(H2O)(2+), was characterized by ESR and UV spectroscopies. This species survives in acidic aqueous solution for over half an hour at room temperature. The photolysis of (H2O)L(1)RhH(2+) in the presence of O-2 produces the superoxorhodium(III) ion, trans-L(1)RhOO(2+). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. RP Bakac, A (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 20 BP 5880 EP 5884 DI 10.1021/ic960300a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA VJ844 UT WOS:A1996VJ84400021 ER PT J AU Schoonover, JR Ni, JF Roecker, L Whiter, PS Meyer, TJ AF Schoonover, JR Ni, JF Roecker, L Whiter, PS Meyer, TJ TI Structural and resonance Raman studies of an oxygen-evolving catalyst. Crystal structure of [(bpy)(2)(H2O)RuIIIORuIV(OH)(bpy)(2)](ClO4)(4) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WATER-OXIDATION; PORPHYRIN DIMERS; REDOX PROPERTIES; MANGANESE; EVOLUTION; COMPLEXES; ION; RUTHENIUM(III); PHOTOSYSTEM; MECHANISMS AB The oxidized form of the blue dimer water oxidation catalyst [(bpy)(2)(H2O)(RuORuIV)-O-III(OH)(bpy)(2)](ClO4)(4) (bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) has been characterized structurally by X-ray crystallography. Comparisons with [(bpy)(2)(H2O)Ru-III- ORuIII(OH2)(bpy)(2)](ClO4)(4) . 2H(2)O, [(bpy)(2)(ClRuORuCl)-O-III-Cl-IV(bpy)(2)](ClO4)(3) . H2O, and [(tpy)(bpy)(OsOOsIV)-O-III(bpy)(tpy)]Na(ClO4)(6) . 3H(2)O (tpy is 2,2':6',2 ''-terpyridine) reveal that oxidation of Ru-III-O-Ru-III to Ru-III-O-Ru-IV results in significant structural changes at the mu-oxo bridge. There is an increase toward linearity along M-O-M, a decrease in the M-O bond distances at the bridge, and an increase in the H2O-Ru-O bridge-angle. These changes are discussed in the context of the structural requirements for O ... O coupling and Oz evolution in higher oxidation states. Resonance Raman spectra of these and related complexes reveal that internal ligand vibrations as well as overtone and combination bands of an intense, symmetrical M-O-M stretch at 360-400 cm(-1) contribute significantly to the Raman spectra. Additional M-O-M bands are identified near 800 cm(-1) and, tentatively, near 130 cm(-1). It is not possible to assign bands to Ru-OH2 or Ru-OH stretches; bands at low energy appear to originate from modes that are highly mixed. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM, KENAN LAB, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM, VENABLE LAB, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. RP Schoonover, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL DIV, BIOSCI BIOTECHNOL GRP, MAIL STOP J586, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 47 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 20 BP 5885 EP 5892 DI 10.1021/ic960348o PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA VJ844 UT WOS:A1996VJ84400022 ER PT J AU Sun, J Su, C Wishart, JF AF Sun, J Su, C Wishart, JF TI Intramolecular electron transfer in pentaammineruthenium(III)-modified cobaltocytochrome c SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MODIFIED CYTOCHROME-C; TRANSFER KINETICS; PROTEINS; RUTHENIUM(II); THERMODYNAMICS; COUPLINGS; RATES AB The iron in the heme group of horse-heart cytochrome c was replaced by cobalt according to established methods. The resulting cobalticytochrome c was subsequently modified at histidine-33 with a pentaammineruthenium group. Proof of correct derivatization was obtained by atomic absorption analysis of cobalt and ruthenium, differential pulse voltammetry, and enzymatic proteolysis analyzed by diode-array HPLC. Cobalt(II)-to-ruthenium(III) intramolecular electron transfer rates were measured as a function of temperature by electron pulse radiolysis. The azide radical (N-3(.)) was used to oxidize the fully reduced form in order to generate the desired electron transfer precursor. The intramolecular electron transfer rate is 1.28 +/- 0.04 s(-1) at 25 degrees C (Delta H double dagger = 5.7 +/- 0.2 kcal/mol, Delta S double dagger = -38.7 +/- 0.5 cal/(deg mel)) for a driving force of 0.28 +/- 0.02 eV. The results are compared with those for analogous pentaammineruthenium-modified, native iron, and zinc-substituted cytochromes c. The 0.4 eV increase in driving force for intramolecular electron transfer when iron is replaced by cobalt is largely compensated by an increase in reorganization energy. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 20 BP 5893 EP 5901 DI 10.1021/ic960715w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA VJ844 UT WOS:A1996VJ84400023 ER PT J AU Miaskiewicz, K Miller, J Cooney, M Osman, R AF Miaskiewicz, K Miller, J Cooney, M Osman, R TI Computational simulations of DNA distortions by a cis,syn-cyclobutane thymine dimer lesion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID T4 ENDONUCLEASE-V; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; FORCE-FIELD; PYRIMIDINE DIMER; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; CIS-SYN; DUPLEX D(GCGTTGCG).D(CGCAACGC); CATALYTIC ACTIVITIES AB Results are presented from 500 ps molecular dynamics simulations on the native dodecamer d(CGCGAATTCGCG)(2) and the lesioned dodecamer containing a cis,syn-thymine cyclobutane dimer at the TT step. The computations, performed with AMBER4.1, included explicitly represented solvent with periodic boundary conditions applied within the constant temperature and pressure algorithm. Electrostatic interactions were calculated with the particle-mesh Ewald method. Distortions to DNA structure produced by the lesion were found to be localized at the dimer site and include mainly a substantial kink in the helical axis, rolled and tilted base pairs, and weakened hydrogen bonding at the 5' base pair of the lesion. A slight change in orientation around the glycosyl bond for the 5' thymine of the lesion and highly stiffened deoxyribose rings for both thymine bases were also observed. The global curvature of DNA is increased by about 10 degrees by dimer Incorporation. Calculations of H(1')-H(6)(pyrimidine) and H(1')-H(8)-(purine) interproton distances from the performed simulations agree very well with the pattern of NMR NOE signals reported in various dimer containing oligonucleotides, where an interruption of NOE connectivities is found on the 5' side of the lesion. Comparison of the pattern of distortions observed at the dimer site with the crystal structure of a complex between dimer-containing DNA and repair enzyme endonuclease V (Cell 1995, 83, 773-782) leads to the hypothesis that dimer recognition may involve a whole pattern of small distortion at the lesion site rather than one particular structural/dynamical feature associated with the lesion. C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP Miaskiewicz, K (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 52 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 38 BP 9156 EP 9163 DI 10.1021/ja9611304 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VJ481 UT WOS:A1996VJ48100021 ER PT J AU Zhang, WH Froba, M Wang, JL Tanev, PT Wong, J Pinnavaia, TJ AF Zhang, WH Froba, M Wang, JL Tanev, PT Wong, J Pinnavaia, TJ TI Mesoporous titanosilicate molecular sieves prepared at ambient temperature by electrostatic (S+I-, S(+)X(-)I(+)) and neutral (S degrees I degrees) assembly pathways: A comparison of physical properties and catalytic activity for peroxide oxidations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM SILICALITE; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; TEMPLATING ROUTE; SPECTROSCOPY; FRAMEWORK; CRYSTAL; EXAFS; TI; EPOXIDATION; MCM-41 AB Hexagonal mesoporous titanosilicates with distinguishable framework charges and textural mesoporosity, namely, Ti-MCM-41 and Ti-HMS, were prepared at ambient temperature by electrostatic and neutral assembly processes, respectively. Titanium incorporation at the 2 mol % level for both materials was accompanied by increases in lattice parameters and wall thicknesses, but the framework pore sizes remained unaffected. Cross-linking of the anionic framework of as-synthesized Ti-substituted MCM-41 prepared by electrostatic S+I- and S(+)X(-)I(+) assembly pathways (where S+ is a quaternary ammonium surfactant and I- and I+ are ionic silicon precursors) was enhanced significantly by Ti substitution, as judged by Si-29 MAS NMR. The neutral framework of as-synthesized Ti-HMS formed by S degrees I degrees assembly (where S degrees is a primary amine and I degrees is a neutral silicon precursor) exhibited the same high degree of cross-linking as the unsubstituted silica analog. UV-vis and XANES spectra for the calcined farms of Ti-MCM-41 and Ti-HMS indicated (i) the presence of site-isolated Ti species in the framework, (ii) predominantly tetrahedral coordination for Ti, along with some rehydrated five- and six-coordinated sites, and (iii) Ti siting that was virtually independent of the framework assembly pathway. All mesoporous molecular sieves exhibited catalytic activities superior to that of titanium silicalite for the liquid phase peroxide oxidations of methyl methacrylate, styrene, and 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol. The exceptional catalytic activity in the case of Ti-HMS, especially toward larger substrates, was attributable to the small crystallite size and complementary textural mesoporosity that facilitates substrate access to framework Ti sites. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CTR FUNDAMENTAL MAT RES,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV HAMBURG,INST INORGAN & APPL CHEM,D-20146 HAMBURG,GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI Froba, Michael/B-2888-2010 NR 44 TC 398 Z9 412 U1 5 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 38 BP 9164 EP 9171 DI 10.1021/ja960594z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VJ481 UT WOS:A1996VJ48100022 ER PT J AU Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG AF Katsevich, AI Ramm, AG TI Approximate solution to inverse scattering problem for potentials with small support SO MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Let q(x) be a real-valued function with compact support D subset of R(3). Given the scattering amplitude A(alpha', alpha, k) for all alpha', alpha is an element of S-2 and a fixed frequency k > 0, the moments of q(x) up to the second order are found using a computationally simple and relatively stable two-step procedure. First, one finds the zeroth moment (total intensity) and the first moment (centre of inertia) of the potential q. Second, one refines the above moments and finds the tensor of the second central moments of a. Asymptotic error estimates are given for these moments as d = diam(D) --> 0. Physically, this means that (k(2) + sup\q(x))d(2) much less than 1 and sup\q(x)\d much less than k. The found moments give an approximate position and the shape of the support of q. In particular, an ellipsoid (D) over tilde and a real constant (q) over tilde are found, such that the potential (q) over tilde(x) = (q) over tilde, x is an element of (D) over tilde, and (q) over tilde(x) = 0, x is not an element of (D) over tilde, produces the scattering data which fit best the observed scattering data and has the same zeroth, first, and second moments as the desired potential. A similar algorithm for finding the shape of D given only the modulus of the scattering amplitude A(alpha', alpha) is also developed. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP Katsevich, AI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CIC3 DIV,MS K-990,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0170-4214 J9 MATH METHOD APPL SCI JI Math. Meth. Appl. Sci. PD SEP 25 PY 1996 VL 19 IS 14 BP 1121 EP 1134 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VH918 UT WOS:A1996VH91800002 ER PT J AU He, Y Schwarz, RB Archuleta, JI AF He, Y Schwarz, RB Archuleta, JI TI Bulk glass formation in the Pd-Ni-P system SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METALLIC-GLASS; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; ELASTIC-MODULI; ATOM PROBE; DECOMPOSITION; SOLIDS; MELTS AB Bulk amorphous Pd-Ni-P rods with diameters ranging from 10 to 25 mm were prepared by a fluxing technique over a wide composition range. For most bulk glassy alloys studied, the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature, T-x-T-g, is larger than 90 K. Of all the alloy compositions examined, Pd40Ni40P20 has the highest glass formability, and 300-g bulk amorphous cylinders, 25 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length, were easily and repeatedly formed. This size, however, is not an upper limit. The elastic properties of these bulk amorphous alloys were determined by a resonant ultrasound spectroscopy technique. RP He, Y (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS K-765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 145 Z9 147 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 13 BP 1861 EP 1863 DI 10.1063/1.117458 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VH795 UT WOS:A1996VH79500014 ER PT J AU Farrow, RFC Parkin, SSP Marks, RF Krishnan, KM Thangaraj, N AF Farrow, RFC Parkin, SSP Marks, RF Krishnan, KM Thangaraj, N TI Quenching of giant magnetoresistance by interface roughening and alloying in annealed [(NixFe1-x)(y)Au-1-y]/Au multilayers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; LOW FIELDS AB Antiferromagnetically coupled permalloy/Au multilayers display giant magnetoresistance (GMR) with large changes in resistance in very low fields. We show that thermal annealing of such structures, exhibiting GMR, leads to a quenching of the magnetoresistance. The detailed structure of the permalloy/Au interfaces has been probed using high-resolution cross-section transmission electron microscopy. On annealing, the Au layers interdiffuse into the permalloy layers, which leads both to rougher permalloy/Au interfaces and to ''thinner'' Au spacer layers. We infer that the latter results in ferromagnetic coupling of the permalloy layers, which accounts for the reduced GMR. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Farrow, RFC (reprint author), IBM CORP,ALMADEN RES CTR,DIV RES,650 HARRY RD,SAN JOSE,CA 95120, USA. RI Parkin, Stuart/D-2521-2012 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 13 BP 1963 EP 1965 DI 10.1063/1.117636 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VH795 UT WOS:A1996VH79500048 ER PT J AU Collins, PG Zettl, A AF Collins, PG Zettl, A TI A simple and robust electron beam source from carbon nanotubes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EMISSION AB A simple fabrication method is described to produce reliable and robust (self-repairing) field emission sources from randomly aligned carbon nanotubes. The sources display stable and reproducible current-voltage characteristics with sharp turn on near 100 V and emission currents up to 400 mA/cm(2) at 200 V. Two successful methods are described for patterning the emission source area into emitting and nonemitting regions. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Collins, PG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 8 TC 324 Z9 339 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 13 BP 1969 EP 1971 DI 10.1063/1.117638 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VH795 UT WOS:A1996VH79500050 ER PT J AU Balijepalli, S Schultz, JM Lin, JS AF Balijepalli, S Schultz, JM Lin, JS TI Phase behavior and morphology of poly(ethylene oxide) blends SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID FOLDING CRYSTAL-GROWTH; X-RAY-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR SEGREGATION; POLYETHYLENE FRACTIONS; THINNING PROCESSES; SELF-DIFFUSION; MELT; CRYSTALLIZATION; NUCLEATION; POLYMERS AB Crystallization studies on blends of high and low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG) have been carried out to characterize phase behavior and morphology. At low crystallization temperatures, both components cocrystallize into a common crystal lattice. The thickness of the cocrystal is found to vary with the blend composition. At high fractions of the low molecular weight polymer, the cocrystal is thin, suggesting a folding of the long-chain polymer into the lattice of the low molecular weight chain. At lower fractions of the low molecular weight polymer, the cocrystal is thicker, resembling the higher molecular weight polymer. At higher crystallization temperatures, the components form a defective cocrystal which dynamically phase splits into its components. The crystal transformation in the blend occurs by thinning of low molecular weight chains and thickening of high molecular weight chains. The formation of crystal templates of both components eventually results in phase-segregated growth. Models for cocrystallization and dynamic phase separation of components are discussed. A time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering study along with complementary calorimetry and optical microscopy results confirms the mechanism of cocrystallization and dynamic phase separation in PEO blends. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 20 BP 6601 EP 6611 DI 10.1021/ma960678s PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VJ531 UT WOS:A1996VJ53100033 ER PT J AU Spruill, MD Ramsey, MJ Swiger, RR Nath, J Tucker, JD AF Spruill, MD Ramsey, MJ Swiger, RR Nath, J Tucker, JD TI The persistence of aberrations in mice induced by gamma radiation as measured by chromosome painting SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE chromosome painting; persistent translocation; dicentrics; mouse model; gamma radiation ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; IONIZING-RADIATION; DNA PROBES; IN-VITRO; MOUSE; TRANSLOCATIONS; VALIDATION; LIBRARIES; EXPOSURE AB Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or chromosome painting, has become an invaluable tool in the cytogenetic evaluation of historical or chronic exposure because it can be used to detect stable genetic damage, such as translocations, which persist through cell division, quickly and easily. The recent development of chromosome-specific composite DNA probes for the mouse has allowed the use of chromosome painting in this commonly used animal model. In order to measure the persistence of radiation-induced translocations, C57BL/6 female mice were given a whole body acute dose of 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 Gy Cs-137 gamma rays at 8 weeks of age. Metaphase chromosomes from both peripheral blood and bone marrow cells were obtained from four mice in each dose group at 1, 8, 15 and 30 days post-irradiation. Chromosomes 2 and 8 were painted, while the remaining chromosomes were counterstained with propidium iodide. DAPI counterstain was used to differentiate between translocations and dicentrics because it brightly labels the centromeric heterochromatin. The equivalent of 100 cells from each tissue was scored from each mouse. The results show that the percentage of reciprocal translocations, at least at doses of 3 Gy or lower, did not decrease with time in either tissue. In contrast, the frequency of non-reciprocal translocations induced by doses of 3 Gy or lower, remained unchanged in the peripheral blood, but decreased after a week in the bone marrow, then remained constant. An increase in these two types of aberration was observed between 15 and 30 days in the bone marrow and may have been due to clonal expansion. Dicentrics decreased with time in both tissues, almost none remained in the bone marrow after 8 days. These data suggest that reciprocal translocations are persistent and will serve as an effective biodosimeter for radiation exposure. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. W VIRGINIA UNIV,COLL AGR & FORESTRY,GENET & DEV BIOL PROGRAM,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. NR 25 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 2 BP 135 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00218-9 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA VJ559 UT WOS:A1996VJ55900002 PM 8841478 ER PT J AU Diamond, AM Dale, P Murray, JL Grdina, DJ AF Diamond, AM Dale, P Murray, JL Grdina, DJ TI The inhibition of radiation-induced mutagenesis by the combined effects of selenium and the aminothiol WR-1065 SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE selenium; WR-1065; hprt mutation; radiation; glutathione peroxidase ID PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE LOCUS; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY; DIETARY SELENIUM; SODIUM SELENITE; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT-LIVER; V79 CELLS; S-2-(3-AMINOPROPYLAMINO)-ETHYLPHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID; RADIOPROTECTOR WR-2721; CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENT AB In order to evaluate the anti-mutagenic effects of the potential chemoprotective compounds selenium and (S)-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid (WR-1065), CHO AA8 cells were exposed to both compounds either individually or in combination prior to irradiation. Mutation frequency following exposure to 8 Gy was evaluated by quantitation of the mutations detected at the hprt locus of these cells. Protection against radiation-induced mutation was observed for both 30 nM sodium selenite or 4 mM WR-1065. In addition, the protection against mutation induction provided by the combination of these agents appeared additive. In contrast, sodium selenite did not provide protection against radiation toxicity when provided either alone or in conjunction with WR-1065. In order to evaluate the possible mechanisms of the anti-mutagenic effects observed in these cells, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was evaluated following exposure to the chemopreventative compounds. The addition of sodium selenite to the culture media resulted in a 5-fold increase in GPx activity, which was unaltered by the presence of the WR-1065. Northern analysis of RNA derived from these cells indicated that selenium supplementation resulted in a marginal increase in the mRNA for the cytosolic GPx (GSHPx-1) which was insufficient to account for the stimulation of GPx activity observed in cellular extracts. These results suggest that selenium and WR-1065 offer protection via independent mechanisms and that GPx stimulation remains a possible mechanism of the anti-mutagenic effect of selenium. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Diamond, AM (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA37435] NR 41 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 2 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(96)00016-4 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA VJ559 UT WOS:A1996VJ55900003 PM 8841479 ER PT J AU Rao, S Chenna, A Slupska, M Singer, B AF Rao, S Chenna, A Slupska, M Singer, B TI Replication of O-4-methylthymine-containing oligonucleotides: Effect of 3' and 5' flanking bases on formation and extension of O-4-methylthymine center dot guanine basepairs SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE O-4-methylthymine; oligonucleotide sequence effect; Klenow fragment of E-coli DNA polymerase I; HIV-RT-1; sequenase; replication ID ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; CARCINOGEN-MODIFIED BASES; DNA-POLYMERASE INSERTION; IN-VITRO REPLICATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DODECANUCLEOTIDE DUPLEXES; KLENOW FRAGMENT; PAIR MISMATCHES; REPAIR; MUTAGENESIS AB Four 25-mer oligonucleotides containing m(4)T(T*) with the 3' --> 5' sequences A-T*-A, A-T*-C, G-T*-G and G-T*-C, together with four oligonucleotides containing the same sequences with unmodified T, were studied for the effect of the immediate 5' and 3' bases flanking m(4)T on in vitro replication. Under enzyme-limiting conditions, all m(4)T-containing oligomers showed a varying sequence-dependent blockage at the base 3' to m(4)T. However, with time and high concentrations of dNTP's, full replication beyond m(4)T did occur with Klenow fragment (Kf), although substantial blockage remained, particularly in the case when the sequence was 3'-A-T*-A-5'. The extent of blockage at the base 3' to m(4)T, compared to complete replication using Kf, followed the order A-T*-A > A-T*-C much greater than G-T*-C greater than or equal to G-T*-G. Two other DNA polymerases, HIV-RT and Sequenase, which, unlike Kf, do not have 3' proofreading activity differ, agreed with data obtained with Kf. We conclude that the extent of complete replication of m(4)T-containing oligomers is primarily a function of the 3' flanking base with a lesser effect of the 5' base and requires specific dGTP insertion opposite m(4)T. These data suggest that a 5' G . C pair favors the formation of the following T*. G and this latter step is rate-limiting. However, once a T*. G pair is formed, rapid elongation to full length transcripts occurs. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DONNER LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. POLISH ACAD SCI,INST BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,PL-02106 WARSAW,POLAND. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-42736] NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 2 BP 179 EP 185 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(96)00052-8 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA VJ559 UT WOS:A1996VJ55900007 PM 8841483 ER PT J AU Straume, T Raabe, OG Walsh, KJ Wiley, LM AF Straume, T Raabe, OG Walsh, KJ Wiley, LM TI Mouse immature oocytes irradiated in vivo at 14-days of age and evaluated for transmitted effects using the aggregation embryo chimera assay SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE immature oocyte; aggregation embryo chimera; mouse ID GENETIC-DAMAGE; RADIATION; SENSITIVITY; INVITRO AB A previous study using the mouse-preimplantation-embryo-chimera assay demonstrated a reproducible transmitted effect (proliferation disadvantage observed in early embryos) from females irradiated as 49-day-old adults using 0.15 Gy of gammma rays and then mated seven weeks later, i.e., embryos were from oocytes that were immature at time of irradiation. Because mouse immature oocytes are known to be much more radiosensitive to cell killing in juveniles than in adults, a follow-on study was performed here using 14-day-old juvenile mice. In contrast to adults, the exposure of juveniles to 0.15 Gy of gamma rays did not result in a detectable transmitted proliferation disadvantage when animals were mated 7 or 12 weeks later. This observation is discussed in light of previous studies on mouse immature oocytes and embryo chimeras. C1 INST TOXICOL & ENVIRONM HLTH,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Straume, T (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES05409-01] NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 356 IS 2 BP 269 EP 273 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(96)00072-3 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA VJ559 UT WOS:A1996VJ55900020 PM 8841496 ER PT J AU Buchmuller, W Hebecker, A AF Buchmuller, W Hebecker, A TI Semiclassical approach to structure functions at small x SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE eikonal; Wilson line; semiclassical; small x; diffraction ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; LARGE RAPIDITY GAP; HADRON SCATTERING; DIFFRACTION; QCD; DISSOCIATION; COLLISIONS; EVENTS; HERA AB Inclusive and diffractive structure functions for electron-proton scattering are calculated in a semiclassical approach at large momentum transfer Q(2) and small values of the scaling variable x. The bade process is the production of a quark-antiquark pair in the colour field of the proton. The structure functions are expressed in terms of Wilson lines along the classical trajectories of quark and antiquark passing through the colour field, and their covariant derivatives. Based on some rather general assumptions on properties of the colour held, inclusive and diffractive structure functions are evaluated in terms of four field dependent constants. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR, STANFORD, CA 94309 USA. RP DESY, DEUTSCH ELEKTRONEN SYNCHROTRON, D-22603 HAMBURG, GERMANY. NR 35 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 476 IS 1-2 BP 203 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00343-4 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA VH664 UT WOS:A1996VH66400007 ER PT J AU Duda, JR Medley, GH Deskins, WG AF Duda, JR Medley, GH Deskins, WG TI Strong growth projected for underbalanced drilling SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 MAURER ENGN INC,HOUSTON,TX. RP Duda, JR (reprint author), US DOE,MORGANTOWN,WV, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 39 BP 67 EP & PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VJ133 UT WOS:A1996VJ13300021 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinirich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Houston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakkumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J AnwayWiese, C Aota, S Apollinari, G Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F AzziBacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J deBarbaro, P BarbaroGaltieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N BuckleyGeer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G ByonWagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D CroninHennessy, D Culbertson, R Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S DellAgnello, S DellOrso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M GarciaSciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L GrossoPilcher, C Guillian, G Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinirich, J Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Houston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Keeble, L Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuwabara, T Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D NewmanHolmes, C Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Sakkumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Scarpine, V Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Soumarokov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J deTroconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G vandenBrink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S TI Forward-backward charge asymmetry of electron Paris above the Z(0) pole SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY AB We present a measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry of the process p (p) over bar --> Z(0)/gamma + X, Z(0)/gamma --> e(+)e(-) at M(ee) > M(Z), using 110 pb(-1) of data at root s = 1.8 TeV collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The measured charge asymmetries are 0.43 +/- 0.10 in the invariant mass region M(ee) > 105 GeV/c(2), and 0.070 +/- 0.016 in the region 75 < M(ee) < 105 GeV/c(2). These results are consistent with the standard model values of 0.528 +/- 0.009 and 0.052 +/- 0.002, respectively. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV, WALTHAM, MA 02254 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC 27708 USA. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. HIROSHIMA UNIV, HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724, JAPAN. UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. MCGILL UNIV, INST PARTICLE PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ H3A 2T8, CANADA. UNIV TORONTO, TORONTO, ON M5S 1A7, CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. OSAKA CITY UNIV, OSAKA 588, JAPAN. UNIV PADUA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-35131 PADUA, ITALY. UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PISA, IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA, I-56100 PISA, ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. UNIV ROCHESTER, ROCHESTER, NY 14627 USA. ROCKEFELLER UNIV, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. RUTGERS STATE UNIV, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854 USA. ACAD SINICA, TAIPEI 11529, TAIWAN. TEXAS A&M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843 USA. TEXAS TECH UNIV, LUBBOCK, TX 79409 USA. UNIV TSUKUBA, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV, MEDFORD, MA 02155 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. YALE UNIV, NEW HAVEN, CT 06511 USA. RP Abe, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS, KEK, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. RI Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2616 EP 2621 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2616 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700006 ER PT J AU West, GB AF West, GB TI Theorem on the lightest glueball state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE GAUGE THEORIES; INEQUALITIES AB This paper is devoted to proving that, in QCD, the lightest glueball state must be the scalar with J(PC) = 0(++). The proof relies upon the positivity of the path integral measure in Euclidean space and the fact that interpolating fields for all spins can be bounded by powers of the scalar glueball operator. The problem presented by the presence of vacuum condensates is circumvented by considering the time and space evolution of the propagators. RP West, GB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-8,MS B285,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2622 EP 2625 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2622 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700007 ER PT J AU Bravar, A Adams, DL Akchurin, N Belikov, NI Bonner, BE Bystricky, J Corcoran, MD Cossairt, JD Cranshaw, J Derevschikov, AA Enyo, H Funahashi, H Goto, Y Grachov, OA Grosnick, DP Hill, DA Iijima, T Imai, K Itow, Y Iwatani, K Kharlov, YV Kuroda, K Laghai, M Lehar, F deLesquen, A Lopiano, D Luehring, FC Maki, T Makino, S Masaike, A Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Michalowicz, A Miller, DH Miyake, K Nagamine, T NessiTedaldi, F Nessi, M Nguyen, C Nurushev, SB Ohashi, Y Onel, Y Patalakha, DI Pauletta, G Penzo, A Rappazzo, GF Read, AL Roberts, JB vanRossum, L Rykov, VL Saito, N Salvato, G Schiavon, P Skeens, J Solovyanov, VL Spinka, H Stanek, RW Takashima, R Takeutchi, F Tamura, N Underwood, DG Vasiliev, AN White, JL Yamashita, S Yokosawa, A Yoshida, T Zanetti, AM AF Bravar, A Adams, DL Akchurin, N Belikov, NI Bonner, BE Bystricky, J Corcoran, MD Cossairt, JD Cranshaw, J Derevschikov, AA Enyo, H Funahashi, H Goto, Y Grachov, OA Grosnick, DP Hill, DA Iijima, T Imai, K Itow, Y Iwatani, K Kharlov, YV Kuroda, K Laghai, M Lehar, F deLesquen, A Lopiano, D Luehring, FC Maki, T Makino, S Masaike, A Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Michalowicz, A Miller, DH Miyake, K Nagamine, T NessiTedaldi, F Nessi, M Nguyen, C Nurushev, SB Ohashi, Y Onel, Y Patalakha, DI Pauletta, G Penzo, A Rappazzo, GF Read, AL Roberts, JB vanRossum, L Rykov, VL Saito, N Salvato, G Schiavon, P Skeens, J Solovyanov, VL Spinka, H Stanek, RW Takashima, R Takeutchi, F Tamura, N Underwood, DG Vasiliev, AN White, JL Yamashita, S Yokosawa, A Yoshida, T Zanetti, AM TI Single-spin asymmetries in inclusive charged pion production by transversely polarized antiprotons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRON-HADRON COLLISIONS; ANALYZING POWER; HYPERON POLARIZATION; PROTON-BEAM; 18.5 GEV/C; SCATTERING AB The analyzing power A(N) in inclusive pi(-) and pi(+) production has been measured with a 200 GeV/c transversely polarized antiproton beam over a wide x(f) range (0.2 less than or equal to x(f) less than or equal to 0.9) and at moderate p(T) (0.2 less than or equal to p(T) less than or equal to 1.5 GeV/c). The asymmetry A(N) increases with increasing x(F) from zero to large positive values for pi(-,)s, and decreases from zero to large negative values for pi(+,)s. A threshold for the onset of the asymmetry is observed about p(T) similar to 0.5 GeV/c, below which A(N) is essentially zero and above which A(N) increases (decreases) with p(T) for pi(-,)s (pi(+,)s) in the covered p(T) range. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CTR ETUD SACLAY,CEA,DAPNIA,SPP,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIGASHIHIROSHIMA 724,JAPAN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM HLTH,KITAKYUSHU,FUKUOKA 807,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO 612,JAPAN. KYOTO SANGYO UNIV,KYOTO 612,JAPAN. PHYS PARTICULES LAB,F-74017 ANNECY LE VIEUX,FRANCE. UNIV MESSINA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-98100 MESSINA,ITALY. INFN MESSINA,I-98100 MESSINA,ITALY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,EVANSTON,IL 60201. OKAYAMA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,OKAYAMA 800,JAPAN. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 558,JAPAN. RICE UNIV,TW BONNER NUCL LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-34100 TRIESTE,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-34100 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. INFN UDINE,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. NR 18 TC 147 Z9 149 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2626 EP 2629 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2626 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700008 ER PT J AU Moretto, LG Rubehn, T Phair, L Colonna, N Wozniak, GJ Bowman, DR Peaslee, GF Carlin, N deSouza, RT Gelbke, CK Gong, WG Kim, YD Lisa, MA Lynch, WG Williams, C AF Moretto, LG Rubehn, T Phair, L Colonna, N Wozniak, GJ Bowman, DR Peaslee, GF Carlin, N deSouza, RT Gelbke, CK Gong, WG Kim, YD Lisa, MA Lynch, WG Williams, C TI Charge correlations and dynamical instabilities in the multifragment emission process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR MULTIFRAGMENTATION; XE+CU REACTION; 45 MEV/U; FRAGMENTATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; SCISSION; BUBBLE; SHAPES; PROBE AB A new, sensitive method allows one to search for the enhancement of events with nearly equal-sized fragments as predicted by theoretical calculations based on volume or surface instabilities. Simulations have been performed to investigate the sensitivity of the procedure. Experimentally, charge correlations of intermediate mass fragments emitted from heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies have been studied. No evidence for a preferred breakup into equal-sized fragments has been found. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP Moretto, LG (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Carlin Filho, Nelson/C-2187-2012; Lynch, William/I-1447-2013; deSouza, Romualdo/P-5862-2015 OI Lynch, William/0000-0003-4503-176X; deSouza, Romualdo/0000-0001-5835-677X NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2634 EP 2637 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2634 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700010 ER PT J AU vanSteenbergen, A Gallardo, J Sandweiss, J Fang, JM AF vanSteenbergen, A Gallardo, J Sandweiss, J Fang, JM TI Observation of energy gain at the BNL Inverse free-electron-laser accelerator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A 40 MeV electron beam, using the inverse free-electron-laser interaction, has been accelerated by Delta E/E = 2.5% over a distance of 0.47 m. The electrons interact with a 1-2 GW CO2 laser beam bounded by a 2.8 mm i.d. sapphire circular waveguide in the presence of a tapered wiggler with B-max approximate to 1 T, and a period 2.89 less than or equal to lambda(w) less than or equal to 3.14 cm. The experimental results of Delta E/E as a function of electron energy E, peak magnetic field B-w, and laser power W-l compare well with analytical and 1D numerical simulations and permit scaling to higher laser power and electron energy. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 12 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2690 EP 2693 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2690 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700024 ER PT J AU Fernandez, JC Cobble, JA Failor, BH DuBois, DF Montgomery, DS Rose, HA Vu, HX Wilde, BH Wilke, MD Chrien, RE AF Fernandez, JC Cobble, JA Failor, BH DuBois, DF Montgomery, DS Rose, HA Vu, HX Wilde, BH Wilke, MD Chrien, RE TI Observed dependence of stimulated Raman scattering on ion-acoustic damping in Hohlraum plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; SATURATION; LANGMUIR; TARGETS; COMPETITION; SUPPRESSION; IGNITION; FACILITY; NOVA AB The reflectivity of a laser due to stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) from long scale-length hohlraum plasmas is shown to depend on the damping of ion-acoustic waves. This dependence is observed in plasmas with either low or high ionization states. Since the SRS process itself is unrelated to acoustic waves, these data are evidence of a nonlinear coupling of SRS to other parametric processes involving daughter acoustic waves. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. PHYS INT,SAN LEANDRO,CA. RP Fernandez, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 34 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2702 EP 2705 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2702 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700027 ER PT J AU Kirkwood, RK MacGowan, BJ Montgomery, DS Afeyan, BB Kruer, WL Moody, JD Estabrook, KG Back, CA Glenzer, SH Blain, MA Williams, EA Berger, RL Lasinski, BF AF Kirkwood, RK MacGowan, BJ Montgomery, DS Afeyan, BB Kruer, WL Moody, JD Estabrook, KG Back, CA Glenzer, SH Blain, MA Williams, EA Berger, RL Lasinski, BF TI Effect of ion-wave damping on stimulated Raman scattering in high-Z laser-produced plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; SATURATION; LANGMUIR; COMPETITION; TARGETS; DECAY; CH AB The dependence of the magnitude of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on ion-wave damping has been demonstrated in a high-Z plasma. The ion-wave damping is varied in a well characterized Xe plasma by varying the concentration of a C5H12 impurity. The reflectivity of SRS is observed to increase with the concentration of the dopant, demonstrating the effect of ion-wave damping on SRS. The measurements are consistent with models in which the amplitude of the SRS-driven Langmuir waves are limited by a secondary decay into ion-acoustic waves. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. CTR ETUD LIMEIL VALENTON, F-94195 VILLENEUVE ST GEORGES, FRANCE. RP Kirkwood, RK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, L-473 POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. OI Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 27 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2706 EP 2709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2706 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700028 ER PT J AU Chu, MS Greene, JM Lao, LL Miller, RL Bondeson, A Sauter, O Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Turnbull, AD AF Chu, MS Greene, JM Lao, LL Miller, RL Bondeson, A Sauter, O Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Turnbull, AD TI Resistive interchange modes in negative central shear tokamaks with peaked pressure profiles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; ENHANCED CONFINEMENT; INSTABILITIES; STABILITY AB Resistive interchange modes can be driven unstable by large pressure gradients in the negative central magnetic shear (NCS) region of advanced tokamaks. Localized stability analysis reveals that the resistive interchange stability criterion (D-R less than or equal to 0) is violated in this region, and unstable n = 1 localized resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes are computed using the resistive MHD code MARS. In DIII-D NCS plasmas, these instabilities appear as bursting MHD activities, constituting the first identification of resistive interchange in a high temperature tokamak experiment. These bursts also appear to play a role in triggering disruptions. C1 CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,INST ELECTROMAGNET FIELD THEORY,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. EURATOM,CRPP EPFL,LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP Chu, MS (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 14 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2710 EP 2713 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2710 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700029 ER PT J AU Lazarus, EA Navratil, GA Greenfield, CM Strait, EJ Austin, ME Burrell, KH Casper, TA Baker, DR DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Durst, R Ferron, JR Forest, CB Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Heidbrink, WW Hong, RM Houlberg, WA Howald, AW Hsieh, CL Hyatt, AW Jackson, GL Kim, J Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Leonard, AW Lohr, J LaHaye, RJ Maingi, R Miller, RL Murakami, M Osborne, TH Perkins, LJ Petty, CC Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Sabbagh, SA Schissel, DP Scoville, JT Snider, RT Staebler, GM Stallard, BW Stambaugh, RD StJohn, HE Stockdale, RE Taylor, PL Thomas, DM Turnbull, AD Wade, MR Wood, R Whyte, D AF Lazarus, EA Navratil, GA Greenfield, CM Strait, EJ Austin, ME Burrell, KH Casper, TA Baker, DR DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Durst, R Ferron, JR Forest, CB Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Heidbrink, WW Hong, RM Houlberg, WA Howald, AW Hsieh, CL Hyatt, AW Jackson, GL Kim, J Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Leonard, AW Lohr, J LaHaye, RJ Maingi, R Miller, RL Murakami, M Osborne, TH Perkins, LJ Petty, CC Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Sabbagh, SA Schissel, DP Scoville, JT Snider, RT Staebler, GM Stallard, BW Stambaugh, RD StJohn, HE Stockdale, RE Taylor, PL Thomas, DM Turnbull, AD Wade, MR Wood, R Whyte, D TI Higher fusion power gain with current and pressure profile control in strongly shaped DIII-D tokamak plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; ENHANCED CONFINEMENT; POLOIDAL ROTATION; PERFORMANCE; BETA; TFTR AB Fusion power has been increased by a factor of 3 in DIII-D by tailoring the pressure profile to avoid the kink instability in H-mode plasmas. The resulting plasmas are found to have neoclassical ion confinement. This reduction in transport losses in beam-heated plasmas with negative central shear is correlated with a dramatic reduction in density fluctuations. Improved magnetohydrodynamic stability is achieved by controlling the plasma pressure profile width. In deuterium plasmas the highest gain Q (the ratio of fusion power to input power), was 0.0015, corresponding to an equivalent Q of 0.32 in a deuterium-tritium plasma. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. INST NATL RECH SCI ENERGIE & MAT,VARENNES,PQ,CANADA. RP Lazarus, EA (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,POB 85608,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011 NR 29 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2714 EP 2717 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2714 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700030 ER PT J AU Petrasso, RD Li, CK Cable, MD Pollaine, SM Haan, SW Bernat, TP Kilkenny, JD Cremer, S Knauer, JP Verdon, CP Kremens, RL AF Petrasso, RD Li, CK Cable, MD Pollaine, SM Haan, SW Bernat, TP Kilkenny, JD Cremer, S Knauer, JP Verdon, CP Kremens, RL TI Measuring implosion symmetry and core conditions in the National Ignition Facility SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; ENERGY-LOSS; SCATTERING; TARGETS; PLASMAS AB Tertiary protons with birth energies from 27 to 30.8 MeV result from the implosion of ignition-scale inertial confinement fusion targets, such as those planned for the National Ignition Facility. Measurement of the tertiaries' slowing can provide a determination of the imploded areal density of the fuel capsule, as well as information about implosion asymmetry that results from anisotropy of the areal density and plasma temperature. To determine the utility of tertiaries for all phases of ignition experiments, we analyze three representative cases: a gas capsule (0.7 kJ yield), a cryogenic fuel capsule that fails to ignite (15 kJ), and a cryogenic fuel capsule that ignites and burns (13 000 kJ). In each case, tertiaries escape from the capsule and convey critical information about implosion dynamics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV ROCHESTER,LASER ENERGET LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP Petrasso, RD (reprint author), MIT,CTR PLASMA FUS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2718 EP 2721 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2718 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700031 ER PT J AU Cowan, TE Greenberg, JS AF Cowan, TE Greenberg, JS TI Comment on the APEX e(+)e(-) experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS C1 YALE UNIV,WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP Cowan, TE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,L-280,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011 OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2838 EP 2838 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2838 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700061 ER PT J AU Ahmad, I AF Ahmad, I TI Comment on the APEX e(+)e(-) experiment - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; POSITRON RP Ahmad, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2839 EP 2839 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2839 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700062 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE Gosnell, TR AF Mungan, CE Gosnell, TR TI Laser cooling in the condensed phase by frequency up-conversion - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,MAIL STOP E543,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2840 EP 2840 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2840 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700063 ER PT J AU Zhao, YX deBeer, E Xu, CS Taylor, T Neumark, DM AF Zhao, YX deBeer, E Xu, CS Taylor, T Neumark, DM TI Spectroscopy and electron detachment dynamics of C-4(-), C-6(-) and C-8(-) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; SMALL CARBON CLUSTERS; RESOLVED THERMIONIC EMISSION; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER; DELAYED IONIZATION; FREE C-60; GROUND-STATE; C60; TRANSITION; C-70 AB Resonant multiphoton detachment spectroscopy has been used to obtain vibrationally resolved spectra of the C (2) Pi <-- X (2) Pi electronic transitions In C-4(-), C-6(-), and C-8(-). Transitions due to vibrational excitations in the totally symmetric stretching modes as well as the bending modes are observed. The electron detachment dynamics subsequent to multiphoton absorption are studied by measuring the electron emission time profiles and electron kinetic energy distributions. The observation of delayed electron emission combined with the form of the electron kinetic energy distributions indicates that these species undergo the cluster equivalent of thermionic emission. This interpretation is supported by comparing the experimental results to a microcanonical model for cluster thermionic emission. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 52 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 12 BP 4905 EP 4919 DI 10.1063/1.472341 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VJ729 UT WOS:A1996VJ72900002 ER PT J AU Barclay, VJ Hung, WH Keogh, WJ Kuhnemuth, R Polanyi, JC Zhang, G Zeiri, Y Jennison, DR Li, YS AF Barclay, VJ Hung, WH Keogh, WJ Kuhnemuth, R Polanyi, JC Zhang, G Zeiri, Y Jennison, DR Li, YS TI Photochemistry of adsorbed molecules .15. Localized atomic scattering in the photolysis of HI/LiF(001) and HI/NaF(001) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ALIGNED PHOTOCHEMISTRY; RARE-GAS SYSTEMS; HBR(AD)/LIF(001)+H-NU SYSTEM; DYNAMICS; PHOTODISSOCIATION; LIF(001); HBR; SPECTROSCOPY; POTENTIALS; HALIDES AB We have compared the ''elastic'' H atom angular-scattering, P-el(theta'), of HI(ad) photolyzed at 248 nm for LiF and NaF substrates, both experimentally and theoretically. The observed P-el(theta') for elastic scattering were similar for LiF and NaF, with a peak in the range 43 degrees-48 degrees. The P-el(theta') for H from HI/NaF was broader than that for H from HI/LiF. Energy distributions, P(E(T')), for H recoiling from HI/LiF and HI/NaF are also reported, A semiempirical potential-energy surface (pes) is given for HI adsorbed on NaF, based on an earlier one for LiF [J. Chem. Phys. 94, 978 (1991)]. Ab initio ''density function theory'' (DFT) calculations were performed to verify the suitability of this pes; the DFT points were in satisfactory agreement with the semiempirical pes. For HI/LiF the DFT calculation gave a heat of adsorption of about 9 kcal/mol, the semiempirical model gave 5 kcal/mol, and experiment gave 7 kcal/mol. We have computed H atom scattering by the classical trajectory method for two different models one involving dense and the other perforated arrangements of the HI adsorbate molecules, Comparison with tine experimental results showed that the second model gave a better description of both P-el(theta') and P(E(T')) for HI/LiF and HI/NaF. The calculations showed that the angular and energy distributions of the scattered H were sensitive to the size of the vacancies between adjacent adsorbate molecules. The study also indicates the importance of unit-cell size in relation to the size of the adsorbate molecule in determining adsorbate geometry and hence the energy and angular distributions of the scattered photofragments. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. BIOSYM TECHNOL INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. SCIEX LTD,CONCORD,ON L4K 4V8,CANADA. SYNCHROTRON RADIAT RES CTR,USERS DIV,HSINCHU 30077,TAIWAN. COREL CORP,OTTAWA,ON K1Z 8R7,CANADA. GERMAN CANC RES CTR,DEPT MED,D-69120 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. NUCL RES CTR NEGEV,DEPT CHEM,IL-84190 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. RP Barclay, VJ (reprint author), UNIV TORONTO,DEPT CHEM,80 ST GEORGE ST,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A1,CANADA. RI zeiri, yehuda/F-3956-2012 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 12 BP 5005 EP 5019 DI 10.1063/1.472339 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VJ729 UT WOS:A1996VJ72900009 ER PT J AU Mattison, TS AF Mattison, TS TI e(+)e(-) at SLAC: present and future SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Instrumentation for Experiments at e(plus)e(minus) Colliders CY FEB 29-MAR 06, 1996 CL INP, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA SP Russian Fundamental Res Fdn, Russian Federat, Minist Sci & Technol HO INP ID CALORIMETER AB The SLAG Linear Collider (SLC) with its 80% electron beam polarization combined with the SLD detector is the heart of the present SLAG e(+)e(-) physics program. The SLC/SLD program wilt continue through 1998, producing up to 500000 additional polarized Z(0) events. The next step for SLAG is studies of CP-violation in B-mesons using the PEP-II asymmetric B-Factory collider and the BABAR detector. PEP-II is presently under construction at SLAG in collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The BABAR detector is being designed by an international collaboration of physicists. It features a superconducting solenoid, a CsI calorimeter, a novel Cherenkov ring-imaging detector, a drift chamber, and a 5-layer silicon vertex detector. First physics results are expected in 1999. SLAG is also a leading contributor to the international R&D program working toward the Next Linear Collider (NLC). RP Mattison, TS (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 3 BP 354 EP 359 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00547-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN675 UT WOS:A1996VN67500004 ER PT J AU Alley, R Arnett, D Bong, E Colocho, W Frisch, J HortonSmith, S Inman, W Jobe, K Kotseroglou, T McCormick, D Nelson, J Scheeff, M Wagner, S Ross, MC AF Alley, R Arnett, D Bong, E Colocho, W Frisch, J HortonSmith, S Inman, W Jobe, K Kotseroglou, T McCormick, D Nelson, J Scheeff, M Wagner, S Ross, MC TI A laser-based beam profile monitor for the SLC/SLD interaction region SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Instrumentation for Experiments at e(plus)e(minus) Colliders CY FEB 29-MAR 06, 1996 CL INP, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA SP Russian Fundamental Res Fdn, Russian Federat, Minist Sci & Technol HO INP AB Beam size estimates made using beam-beam deflections are used for optimization of the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) electron-positron beam sizes. Typical beam sizes and intensities expected for 1996 operations are 2.1 x 0.6 mu m (x,y) at 4.0 x 10(10) particles per pulse. Conventional profile monitors, such as scanning wires, fail at charge densities well below this. The laser-based profile monitor uses a finely-focused 350-nm wavelength tripled YLF laser pulse that traverses the particle beam path about 29 cm away from the e(+)/e(-) IF. Compton scattered photons and degraded e(+)/e(-) are detected as the beam is steered across the laser pulse. The laser pulse has a transverse size of 380 nm and a Rayleigh range of about 5 mu m. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RI Horton-Smith, Glenn/A-4409-2011 OI Horton-Smith, Glenn/0000-0001-9677-9167 NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 3 BP 363 EP 365 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00556-6 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN675 UT WOS:A1996VN67500006 ER PT J AU Abe, K Aston, D Baird, K Baltay, C BenDavid, R Bienz, T Caldwell, DO CavalliSforza, M Coller, J Coyne, D Dima, M dOliveira, A Hallewell, G Hasegawa, Y Huber, J Iwasaki, Y Jacques, P Johnson, RA Kalelkar, M Kawahara, H Leith, DWGS Liu, X Lu, A Manly, S Meadows, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Narita, S Nussbaum, M Pavel, TJ Plano, R Ratcliff, B Rensing, P Sen, S Shank, JT Shapiro, S Simopoulos, C Snyder, J Stamer, P Suekane, F Turk, J Vavra, J Whitaker, JS Williams, DA Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Word, G Yellin, S Yuta, H AF Abe, K Aston, D Baird, K Baltay, C BenDavid, R Bienz, T Caldwell, DO CavalliSforza, M Coller, J Coyne, D Dima, M dOliveira, A Hallewell, G Hasegawa, Y Huber, J Iwasaki, Y Jacques, P Johnson, RA Kalelkar, M Kawahara, H Leith, DWGS Liu, X Lu, A Manly, S Meadows, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Narita, S Nussbaum, M Pavel, TJ Plano, R Ratcliff, B Rensing, P Sen, S Shank, JT Shapiro, S Simopoulos, C Snyder, J Stamer, P Suekane, F Turk, J Vavra, J Whitaker, JS Williams, DA Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Word, G Yellin, S Yuta, H TI Operational experience with the SLD CRID at the SLC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Instrumentation for Experiments at e(plus)e(minus) Colliders CY FEB 29-MAR 06, 1996 CL INP, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA SP Russian Fundamental Res Fdn, Russian Federat, Minist Sci & Technol HO INP AB We highlight some problems encountered and lessons learned in obtaining stable operation of the SLD GRID for the past four years. During the 1994-95 run of the SLC, we achieved stable operation of liquid (C6F14) and gas (85% C5F12/15% N-2) radiators with good UV transparency, and we regularly operate the TPCs with excellent drift lifetimes and good single photo-electron detection efficiency. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,SERIN PHYS LAB,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. RI Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; OI Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 3 BP 442 EP 443 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00606-7 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN675 UT WOS:A1996VN67500030 ER PT J AU Paolucci, P Evangelista, C Palano, A Baldini, R Calcaterra, A DeSangro, R Piccolo, M Zallo, A Peruzzi, I Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Monge, R Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Pia, MG Santroni, A Bionta, RM vanBibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Cavallo, N Carlino, G Lista, L Mele, S Parascandolo, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Johnson, JR AF Paolucci, P Evangelista, C Palano, A Baldini, R Calcaterra, A DeSangro, R Piccolo, M Zallo, A Peruzzi, I Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Monge, R Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Pia, MG Santroni, A Bionta, RM vanBibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Cavallo, N Carlino, G Lista, L Mele, S Parascandolo, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Johnson, JR TI The BaBar detector for muon identification and neutral hadron detection SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Instrumentation for Experiments at e(plus)e(minus) Colliders CY FEB 29-MAR 06, 1996 CL INP, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA SP Russian Fundamental Res Fdn, Russian Federat, Minist Sci & Technol HO INP AB The BaBar experiment is projected to study CP violation in B decays. Muon detection and K-L(0) identification are achieved by an Instrumented flux Return (IFR) system based on resistive plate chamber detectors. In this paper the general layout of the IFR system will be described. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-70126 BARI,ITALY. UNIV BARI,BARI,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GENOA,GENOA,ITALY. UNIV NAPLES,NAPLES,ITALY. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Paolucci, P (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ NAPOLI,PAD 20,I-80125 NAPLES,ITALY. RI Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; OI Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 3 BP 472 EP 474 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00567-0 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VN675 UT WOS:A1996VN67500038 ER PT J AU Wills, C Farmer, A Myers, G AF Wills, C Farmer, A Myers, G TI Rapid sequon evolution in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 relative to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,HIV SEQUENCE DATABASE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Wills, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT BIOL,9500 GILMAN DR,DEPT 0116,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 14 BP 1383 EP 1384 DI 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1383 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA VJ248 UT WOS:A1996VJ24800011 PM 8891118 ER PT J AU Kleinke, H Franzen, HF AF Kleinke, H Franzen, HF TI Hf7P4: A new binary phosphide synthesized by a surprising route SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION IN ENGLISH LA English DT Article DE hafnium compounds; orbital populations; phosphorus compounds; solid-state structures ID TA-NB-S; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; LAYERED COMPOUND; SYSTEM; CLUSTERS; CHAIN C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0570-0833 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. Engl. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 17 BP 1934 EP 1936 DI 10.1002/anie.199619341 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VM029 UT WOS:A1996VM02900006 ER PT J AU Berk, DEV Quashnock, JM York, DG Yanny, B AF Berk, DEV Quashnock, JM York, DG Yanny, B TI An excess of C IV absorbers in luminous quasars: Evidence for gravitational lensing? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; quasars, absorption lines ID ABSORPTION SYSTEMS; EVOLUTION; QSOS; REDSHIFTS; SPECTRA; SAMPLE AB We have compiled a new and extensive catalog of heavy-element QSO absorption-line systems and analyzed the distribution of absorbers in bright and faint QSOs, to search for gravitational lensing of background QSOs by the matter associated with the absorbers. There is a highly significant excess of C IV absorbers in bright QSOs in the redshift range z = 1.2-3.2, and this excess increases strongly as a function of QSO absolute magnitude. No significant excess is found for Mg II absorbers in the redshift range z = 0.30-1.55. We rule out several possible reasons for this effect and argue that the C IV excess could be due to gravitational lensing. If so, then the lensing masses must be at z greater than or similar to 1.5 and within several hundred comoving megaparsecs of the QSOs, where the C IV absorbers are mainly found. The absence of an excess in the available Mg II sample would then arise because the Mg II data do not sample this region of space. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Berk, DEV (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,5640 S ELLIS AVE,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1086/177760 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG436 UT WOS:A1996VG43600010 ER PT J AU Churchwell, E Winnberg, A Cardelli, J Cooper, G Suntzeff, NB AF Churchwell, E Winnberg, A Cardelli, J Cooper, G Suntzeff, NB TI The western rim of the Vela Shell SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM, clouds; ISM, individual (Gum Nebula); ISM, kinematics and dynamics; ISM, molecules ID GUM NEBULA; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; COMETARY GLOBULES; DARK CLOUD; EXTINCTION; SIGHT; HD-62542; DENSITY; COMPLEX AB A 3.3 x 1.2 pc segment of the western boundary of the Vela Shell has been mapped in CS (2-1) with a spatial resolution of 51'' (0.11 pc) and a spectral resolution of 0.11 km s(-1). The cloud has moderate CS column densities of slightly less than 1013 cm-2 and a total mass of similar to 97 M(circle dot). The kinetic energy of the cloud was found to be about an order of magnitude greater than its gravitational potential energy, indicating that it is not gravitationally bound and would disperse on very short timescales if it were not for the ram pressure of the expanding Vela Shell which continually sweeps up new interstellar matter into the CS ''cloud.'' CN (N = 1-0) was observed at the peaks of the CS emission and found to have excitation temperatures of similar to 3 K and column densities of 4-11 x 10(13) cm(-2). The low excitation of CN puts an upper limit on the gas density of similar to 10(4) cm(-3) and the CS emission requires densities of a few times 10(3)-10(4) cm(-3). We find that only 1%-10% of the line of sight is filled with gas in the above density range, from which we infer that the cloud is clumpy on scale sizes smaller than our resolution. The CN/CS column density ratios are 7 or greater in this cloud. Among the chemical models of Herbst and Leung, the only ones that are consistent with our observed CN/CS ratios, as well as those of CO/CS and HCO+/CS, are the ''low metal'' abundances for clouds that have not reached chemical equilibrium (i.e., ages less than 3 x 10(5) yr). C1 ONSALA SPACE OBSERV,S-43992 ONSALA,SWEDEN. VILLANOVA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,VILLANOVA,PA 19085. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. RP Churchwell, E (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,475 N CHARTER ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1 BP 209 EP & DI 10.1086/177772 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG436 UT WOS:A1996VG43600022 ER PT J AU Zhang, W Morgan, EH Jahoda, K Swank, JH Strohmayer, TE Jernigan, G Klein, RI AF Zhang, W Morgan, EH Jahoda, K Swank, JH Strohmayer, TE Jernigan, G Klein, RI TI Quasi-periodic X-ray brightness oscillations of GRO J1744-28 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries, general; pulsars, general; stars, individual (GRO J1744-28); stars, neutron; X-rays, bursts; X-rays, stars AB The newly discovered source GRO J1744-28 is remarkable in many respects. It is a low-mass X-ray binary system that shows 2.1 Hz coherent pulsations. It also produces type II X-ray bursts similar to those seen in the Rapid Burster. In this Letter we report results from a series of observations with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) during which GRO J1744-28 showed quasi-periodic X-ray brightness oscillations (QPOs) at 20, 40, and 60 Hz. Their fractional rms amplitudes are 0.19%, 5.9%, and 0.42%, respectively. The QPO centroid frequency and its rms amplitude as a function of source brightness in the band of 2-60 keV indicate that these QPOs are of a different kind from the beat-frequency QPOs that have been observed among Z sources as well as X-ray pulsars, We discuss possible interpretations of these QPOs in the context of neutron star g-mode oscillations and photon bubble oscillations. C1 UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC. MIT,SPACE RES CTR,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Jahoda, Keith/D-5616-2012; Swank, Jean/F-2693-2012 NR 21 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1 BP L29 EP L32 DI 10.1086/310259 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG438 UT WOS:A1996VG43800008 ER PT J AU Hanna, ML Taylor, RT AF Hanna, ML Taylor, RT TI Attachment/detachment and trichloroethylene degradation-longevity of a resting cell Methylosinus trichosporium OR3b filter SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE methanotroph; microbial filter; attachment detachment; trichloroethylene degradation; Methylosinus trichosporium; OB3b ID SOLUBLE METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA; BATCH CULTIVATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POROUS-MEDIA; OB3B; TRANSPORT; AQUIFER; TRANSFORMATION; TOXICITY AB We are investigating a methanotrophic filter strategy for the in situ bioremediation of low levels of chlorinated aliphatic, volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). It is based on the use of pregrown, resting cells, instead of growth-nutrient stimulations. The economic feasibility of such a filter is dependent on its operational longevity at groundwater temperatures. The latter, in turn, is dependent on several key parameters, such as the bacterial attachment densities reached during the injection of the microbial suspension and the subsequent detachment-removal of cells from the filter over time. Scaled attachment/ detachment experiments were carried out using a representative quartzitic sand in glass 1-cm x 10-cm columns to simulate a filter. A rosette-dominated form of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b was isolated and used in these and the subsequent catalytic longevity experiments. Its initial attachment, employing Higgins' medium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0 (HPB), was 7.0 to 8.0 x 10(8) bacteria/g of dry sand. This was elevated to similar to 1.5 x 10(9) cells/g by including 1.0 mM MgCl2, 100 mu M FeSO4, and 0.025% agar in the cell-suspension loading buffer. These loading additives also increased the time required to reach 50% cell detachment with HPB alone from 5 days to similar to 45 days. The functional longevity of a column biofilter, formed with resting-state rosette-enriched cells in the presence of the aforementioned additives, was determined at 21 degrees C by challenging it with weekly 12 h, similar to 250 ppb pulses of trichloroethylene (TCE). The column results indicate that for our attached-cell filter to biodegrade TCE levels of several hundred ppb sufficiently, to <5 ppb, it will likely need replenishment at similar to 8 week intervals, due to the instability of the endogenous whole-cell soluble methane monooxygenase specific activity beyond that time period. This study represents the first time that anyone has shown that a rosette-enriched substrain can be isolated from a well-known methanotrophic strain and then stably cultured and utilized advantageously for a specific application-namely its improved attachment-slowed detachment characteristics in a microbial filter. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 51 IS 6 BP 659 EP 672 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960920)51:6<659::AID-BIT5>3.0.CO;2-G PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA VD981 UT WOS:A1996VD98100005 PM 18629832 ER PT J AU Peters, LL Shivdasani, RA Liu, SC Hanspal, M John, KM Gonzalez, JM Brugnara, C Gwynn, B Mohandas, N Alper, SL Orkin, SH Lux, SE AF Peters, LL Shivdasani, RA Liu, SC Hanspal, M John, KM Gonzalez, JM Brugnara, C Gwynn, B Mohandas, N Alper, SL Orkin, SH Lux, SE TI Anion exchanger 1 (band 3) is required to prevent erythrocyte membrane surface loss but not to form the membrane skeleton SO CELL LA English DT Article ID REFLECT SPECTRIN DEFICIENCIES; RED-BLOOD-CELL; HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN; HEMOLYTIC-ANEMIA; PROTEIN BAND-3; KIDNEY BAND-3; BETA-SPECTRIN; GENE FAMILY; ANKYRIN AB The red blood cell (RBC) membrane protein AE1 provides high affinity binding sites for the membrane skeleton, a structure critical to RBC integrity. AE1 biosynthesis is postulated to be required for terminal erythropoiesis and membrane skeleton assembly. We used targeted mutagenesis to assess AE1 function in vivo. RBCs lacking AE1 spontaneously shed membrane vesicles and tubules, leading to severe spherocytosis and hemolysis, but the levels of the major skeleton components, the synthesis of spectrin in mutant erythroblasts, and skeletal architecture are normal or nearly normal. The results indicate that AE1 does not regulate RBC membrane skeleton assembly in vivo but is essential for membrane stability. We postulate that stabilization is achieved through AE1-lipid interactions and that loss of these interactions is a key pathogenic event in hereditary spherocytosis. C1 CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. DANA FARBER CANC INST,DEPT PEDIAT ONCOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. ST ELIZABETHS MED CTR,DEPT BIOMED RES,BOSTON,MA 02115. CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT LAB MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MOL MED UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,RENAL UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. CHILDRENS HOSP,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP Peters, LL (reprint author), JACKSON LAB,600 MAIN ST,BAR HARBOR,ME 04609, USA. RI Brugnara, Carlo/A-8041-2010 OI Brugnara, Carlo/0000-0001-8192-8713 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL32262, HL37462, R01 HL055321]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK34083] NR 58 TC 185 Z9 187 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1050 MASSACHUSETTES AVE, CIRCULATION DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 0092-8674 J9 CELL JI Cell PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 86 IS 6 BP 917 EP 927 DI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80167-1 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA VJ443 UT WOS:A1996VJ44300010 PM 8808627 ER PT J AU Ishikawa, N Maurice, D HeadGordon, M AF Ishikawa, N Maurice, D HeadGordon, M TI An ab initio study of excited states of the phthalocyanine magnesium complex and its cation radical SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED HUCKEL CALCULATIONS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE; NICKEL PHTHALOCYANINE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PORPHYRINS; ABSORPTION; SINGLE; METAL; SUBSTITUTIONS AB Excited states of the magnesium phthalocyanine complex [Mg(Pc)] and its cation radical are studied by ab initio configuration interaction with single substitutions (CIS), restricted open-shell CIS (ROCIS) and the extended CIS (XCIS) method. Moderately satisfactory agreement between calculated and observed transitions is obtained, and an assignment of the absorption bands of the radical species is proposed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 260 IS 1-2 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00828-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH100 UT WOS:A1996VH10000030 ER PT J AU Moore, MA Barnett, VW Garrett, WR AF Moore, MA Barnett, VW Garrett, WR TI Shifts in certain optically-pumped stimulated emissions under multi-beam pumping SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYPER-RAMAN EMISSION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; MIXING INTERFERENCE; 3-PHOTON RESONANCE; COOPERATIVE SHIFTS; SUPPRESSION; XE; KRYPTON; XENON AB Recent studies have shown that the gain and the emission frequencies for certain optically-pumped stimulated emissions can be greatly modified during the interval of an excitation pulse through an interference effect. We show a novel means of producing two emission frequencies for a given stimulated transition through the use of bi-directional pump beams and we point to possible analytical applications of the phenomenon. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CHEM PHYS SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Moore, MA (reprint author), ST JOSEPHS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19131, USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 260 IS 1-2 BP 280 EP 286 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00789-0 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH100 UT WOS:A1996VH10000046 ER PT J AU Saltzman, RM Bradford, RM AF Saltzman, RM Bradford, RM TI Optimal realignments of the teams in the National Football League SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE location; transportation; quadratic programming AB In the fall of 1995, the National Football League expanded for the first time since 1977, adding Carolina to the National Football Conference West division and Jacksonville to the American Football Conference Central division. However, this expansion, coupled with the departure of the Rams and the Raiders from Los Angeles, exacerbated an already inefficient alignment of the teams. This paper presents optimal realignments of the league's thirty teams based on the goal of minimizing total intradivisional travel, These realignments are both fairer and considerably less expensive for the teams than the 1995 alignment. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Saltzman, RM (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIV,COLL BUSINESS,BUSINESS ANAL & COMP SYST DEPT,1600 HOLLOWAY AVE,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94132, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 3 BP 469 EP 475 DI 10.1016/0377-2217(96)00135-X PG 7 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA VJ553 UT WOS:A1996VJ55300002 ER PT J AU Yeh, JI Biemann, HP Prive, GG Pandit, J Koshland, DE Kim, SH AF Yeh, JI Biemann, HP Prive, GG Pandit, J Koshland, DE Kim, SH TI High-resolution structures of the ligand binding domain of the wild-type bacterial aspartate receptor SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aspartate receptor structure; transmembrane signaling; receptor-ligand interactions; conformation changes; X-ray crystal structure ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; SENSORY TRANSDUCERS; CHEMOTAXIS RECEPTOR; TAR CHEMORECEPTOR; CROSS-LINKING; PROTEIN; ADAPTATION AB The high-resolution structures of the wild-type periplasmic domain of the bacterial aspartate receptor have been determined in the absence and presence of bound aspartate to 1.85 and 2.2 Angstrom resolution, respectively. As we reported earlier, in the refined structure of the complexed form of the crosslinked cysteine mutant receptor, the binding of the aspartate at the first site was mediated through four bridging water molecules while the second site showed an occupant electron density that best fit a sulfate group, which was present in the crystallization solution at high concentration. In the wild-type periplasmic domain structure two aspartate residues are bound per dimer, but with different occupancies. There exists a ''strong'' aspartate-binding site whose binding is again mediated by four water molecules while the second site contains aspartate whose B-factor is about 10% higher, signifying weaker binding. The interaction between the second, ''weaker'' aspartate with the three ligand-binding arginine side-chains is slightly different from the first site. The major difference is that there are three water molecules mediating the binding of aspartate at the second site, whereas in the first site there are four bridging water molecules. The fact that aspartate-complexed crystals of the wild-type were grown with a large excess aspartate while the cross-linked crystals were grown with equal molar aspartate may explain the difference in the stoichiometry observed. The conservation of the four bridging water molecules in the strong aspartate site of both the cross-linked and wild-type periplasmic domain may reflect an important binding motif. The periplasmic domain in the apo form is a symmetrical dimer, in which each of the subunits is equivalent, and the two aspartate binding sites are identical. Upon the binding of aspartate, the subunits are no longer symmetrical. The main difference between the aspartate-bound and unbound forms is in a small, rigid-body rotation between the subunits within a dimer. The rotation is similar in both direction and magnitude in the crosslinked and wild-type periplasmic domains. The presence of the second aspartate in the wild-type structure does not make any additional rotation compared to the single-site binding. The conservation of the small angular change in vitro suggests that the inter-subunit rotation may have relevance to the understanding of the mechanism of transmembrane signal transduction in vivo. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MOL & CELLULAR BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Prive, Gilbert/A-3039-2008 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI30725]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK09765] NR 40 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 262 IS 2 BP 186 EP 201 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0507 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VH409 UT WOS:A1996VH40900009 PM 8831788 ER PT J AU Khasanova, NR Izumi, F Shida, M Chakoumakos, BC Ohshima, E Kikuchi, M Syono, Y AF Khasanova, NR Izumi, F Shida, M Chakoumakos, BC Ohshima, E Kikuchi, M Syono, Y TI Structural disorder and charge transfer in the superconductor (Pb0.5Cu0.5)(Sr0.5La0.5)(2)CuO5+delta SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; oxygen defects; neutron diffraction ID NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; (PB/CU)SRLACUOY SUPERCONDUCTOR; RIETVELD-REFINEMENT; OXYGEN INTRODUCTION; BLOCK LAYERS; PB; OXIDES AB Two samples of (Pb0.5Cu0.5)(Sr0.5La0.5)(2)CuO5+delta with different oxygen contents (delta = 0.03 and 0.13) showed superconducting transition temperatures somewhat different from each other: 24 K for the fully oxidized sample and 35 K for the deoxidized sample. The structural parameters of these samples were refined by the Rietveld analysis of neutron powder diffraction data to clarify the structure/property relationship in this nonstoichiometric oxide. In the oxidized sample, excess oxygen partially occupies an interstitial site at (0.151, 1/2, 0) in a (Pb0.5Cu0.5)O-1+delta layer, whereas this site proved to be vacant in the deoxidized sample. All the atoms on this layer are displaced from ideal rock-salt-type positions to achieve more favorable bonding environments. The length of a Cu-O bond on the CuO2 conduction sheet is decreased from 1.8985 to 1.8915 Angstrom upon oxygen removal. This finding provides unambiguous evidence for the idea that the hole concentration on the CuO2 sheet increases with releasing excess oxygen from the (Pb0.5Cu0.5)O-1+delta layer. C1 TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Khasanova, NR (reprint author), NATL INST RES INORGAN MAT,1-1 NAMIKI,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 269 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00431-5 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VK082 UT WOS:A1996VK08200016 ER PT J AU Carithers, B AF Carithers, B TI Important credit SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP Carithers, B (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,CDF COLLABORAT,MS318,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 273 IS 5282 BP 1640 EP 1641 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VH408 UT WOS:A1996VH40800006 ER PT J AU Markovic, NM Lucas, CA Gasteiger, HA Ross, PN AF Markovic, NM Lucas, CA Gasteiger, HA Ross, PN TI Bromide adsorption on Pt(100): Rotating ring Pt(100) disk electrode and surface X-ray scattering measurements SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bromine; electrochemical methods; low index single crystal surfaces; solid-liquid interfaces; superlattices; surface structure; X-ray scattering ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; PT(111); COPPER; HYDROGEN; IODINE; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTROSORPTION; DIFFRACTION; INTERFACE AB The rotating ring-disk electrode technique with a Pt(100) single crystal disk electrode is used to establish both the bromide adsorption isotherm and the electrosorption valency on Pt(100). In 0.1M HClO4 with similar to 10(-4)Br(-), bromide adsorption begins at about -0.25 V and reaches a coverage of similar to 0.42 ML at 0.5 V; the electrosorption valency is essentially unity. The major peak in the voltammetry at similar to-0.1 V is the simultaneous adsorption/desorption of hydrogen and desorption/adsorption of Br-. By subtracting the Br- flux we are able to deconvolute the charge for the hydrogen adsorption in the presence of Br-. The saturation coverage is about the same as in solution free of Br- similar to 210 mu C cm(-2), but the potential region for the onset of adsorption is shifted negatively by 0.35 V due to the competition with Br- adsorption. The reversible pseudocapacitive feature recorded in 0.1M HClO4 at 0.175 less than or similar to E less than or similar to 0.375 V should be assigned to the reversible adsorption of hydroxyl species. Despite the inability to detect any in-plane superlattice peaks corresponding to a long-range ordered structure in the Br adlayer, the x-ray scattering data provide information about the surface normal structure and local bonding sites for the Br adlayer on Pt(100). RP Markovic, NM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Lucas, Christopher/0000-0001-5743-3868 NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 2 BP 229 EP 240 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00721-2 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH645 UT WOS:A1996VH64500005 ER PT J AU Li, QM Tringides, M AF Li, QM Tringides, M TI Time-dependent correlation functions in systems with interactions and surface diffusion measurements SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE atomistic dynamics; Monte Carlo simulation; scanning tunneling microscopy; surface diffusion ID MONTE-CARLO; 110 PLANE; COEFFICIENTS; TUNGSTEN; OXYGEN AB Different surface diffusion coefficients are measured from the time dependence of different statistical quantities such as the mean square displacement R(2), and the correlation function C(t) of concentration fluctuations within a probe region. For non-interacting systems, R(2) grows linearly with time and C(t) has the characteristic 1/(Dt) tail in the long time regime. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations on a lattice gas model with nearest-neighbor repulsive interactions at coverage theta=0.5 over a wide temperature range (T/T-c>0.7) to test whether these expressions also hold in systems with interactions. We find that R(2) still grows linearly with time but the single site correlation function C-s(t) deviates from the non-interacting form. No 1/(Dt) tails are observed within the range of a measurable signal in the decay of C-s(t) when the temperature is within the ordered region T/T-c<1. The form of C-s(t) is relevant for a newly developed method that analyses the time dependence of the STM current fluctuations to measure the collective diffusion coefficient. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Li, QM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES LAB,USDOE,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 2 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00697-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH645 UT WOS:A1996VH64500031 ER PT J AU Len, PM Thevuthasan, S Kaduwela, AP VanHove, MA Fadley, CS AF Len, PM Thevuthasan, S Kaduwela, AP VanHove, MA Fadley, CS TI Optimization of k-space sampling in atomic imaging by electron emission holography SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE angle resolved photoemission; copper; electron-solid interactions, scattering, diffraction; photoelectron diffraction; photoelectron holography; semi-empirical models and model calculations; single crystal surfaces ID NORMAL PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; AUGER-ELECTRON; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; REFERENCE WAVE; RECONSTRUCTION; PATTERNS; IMAGES; INTENSITIES; RESOLUTION AB Two limiting-case algorithms have previously been proposed for holographically imaging atoms near surfaces using photoelectron diffraction data and other diffraction data associated with electron emission:(i) a phased sum of Fourier transforms of scanned-angle data taken at several energies from Barton, (ii) and a phased sum of Fourier transforms of scanned-energy data taken along several directions due to Tong et al. We first point out that both methods are equivalent three-dimensional transforms in the wave Vector k of the emitted electron, differing only in the way they sample k-space. A continuum of different sampling densities in the direction and magnitude of k exists in such holography, spanning the two limits previously discussed. An additional variant on these methods involves using only a small cone of data in k-space for each transform. Using model diffraction calculations for localized electron emission (e.g., core photoelectron emission) from Cu(001) clusters, we have explored the full range of k-space sampling possible, and find that optimum image quality is expected for choices intermediate between the extreme limits of scanned-angle or scanned-energy. General rules for optimizing image quality for a given data-set range are also discussed, and used to evaluate the sampling choices made in some prior experimental studies. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Len, PM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008; OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921; Kaduwela, Ajith/0000-0002-7236-2698 NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 2 BP 535 EP 546 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00719-4 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH645 UT WOS:A1996VH64500036 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M Hrbek, J AF Rodriguez, JA Kuhn, M Hrbek, J TI Interaction of sulfur with Au/Pt(111) and Ag/Pt(111) surfaces: Photoemission studies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS; PROMOTED SULFIDATION; BIMETALLIC SURFACES; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; REPULSIVE INTERACTIONS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; ADSORPTION; RU(001); AU AB The reaction of sulfur with Au/Pt(lll) and Ag/Pt(lll) surfaces has been investigated using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. The valence spectra of S/Au/Pt(lll) and S/Ag/Pt(111) surfaces display weak signals at binding energies between 1.8 and 0 eV. The adsorption of S induces a large decrease in the density of states displayed by the bimetallic surfaces around the Fermi level. This phenomenon may be responsible for the decrease in chemical and catalytic activity that accompanies sulfur poisoning. In S/Au/Pt(lll) surfaces, sulfur does not form compounds with Au or Pt. Au forms three-dimensional clusters, while S segregates into two-dimensional islands of high local coverage where it is bonded to hollow and bridge sites of the Pt substrate. In S/Ag/Pt(111) surfaces, silver reacts with sulfur and promotes the synthesis of platinum sulfides. The formation of silver and platinum sulfides makes possible the adsorption of large amounts of sulfur on Ag/Pt(111) surfaces. The S/Au/Pt(111) and S/Ag/Pt(lll) systems illustrate different extremes of the phenomena that can occur when sulfur is present on a bimetallic surface. The differences in the behavior of the S/Au/Pt(111) and S/Ag/Pt(111) surfaces arise from variations in the nature of the admetal <----> S and admetal <----> Pt interactions. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 59 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 38 BP 15494 EP 15502 DI 10.1021/jp9607632 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VH463 UT WOS:A1996VH46300027 ER PT J AU Caldeira, K AF Caldeira, K TI IPCC report, chapter and verse SO NATURE LA English DT Letter RP Caldeira, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CLIMATE SYST MODELING GRP,7000 EAST AVE,L-256,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 383 IS 6597 BP 214 EP 214 DI 10.1038/383214b0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VH315 UT WOS:A1996VH31500024 ER PT J AU Ellsaesser, HW AF Ellsaesser, HW TI IPCC report, chapter and verse SO NATURE LA English DT Letter RP Ellsaesser, HW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,L-264,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 383 IS 6597 BP 214 EP 214 DI 10.1038/383214c0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VH315 UT WOS:A1996VH31500025 ER PT J AU Boretzky, K Stroth, J Wajda, E Aumann, T Blaich, T Cub, J Elze, TW Emling, H Henning, W Holzmann, R Klingler, H Kulessa, R Kratz, JV Lambrecht, D Leifels, Y Lubkiewicz, E Stelzer, K Walus, W Zinser, M Zude, E AF Boretzky, K Stroth, J Wajda, E Aumann, T Blaich, T Cub, J Elze, TW Emling, H Henning, W Holzmann, R Klingler, H Kulessa, R Kratz, JV Lambrecht, D Leifels, Y Lubkiewicz, E Stelzer, K Walus, W Zinser, M Zude, E TI Two-phonon giant dipole resonance in Pb-208 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE two-phonon giant dipole resonance; electromagnetic excitation; decay ID COULOMB-EXCITATION; SCATTERING; DECAY AB Excitation of the two-phonon isovector giant dipole resonance was observed in Pb-208 projectiles incident on different target nuclei (C, Sn, Ho, Pb, U) at high energy (640 A . MeV). Evidence is found for a two-step electromagnetic excitation mechanism. An enhancement of 1.33(16) for the excitation cross section is observed relative to the harmonic approximation. Neutron- and gamma-decay probabilities are derived as well. C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64291 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST PHYS,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV MAINZ,INST KERNCHEM,D-55029 MAINZ,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Boretzky, K (reprint author), UNIV FRANKFURT,INST KERNPHYS,D-60486 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. RI Aumann, Thomas/B-1455-2012 NR 24 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 384 IS 1-4 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00797-6 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VK913 UT WOS:A1996VK91300006 ER PT J AU Lowe, J Bassalleck, B Burkhardt, H Rusek, A Stephenson, GJ Goldman, T AF Lowe, J Bassalleck, B Burkhardt, H Rusek, A Stephenson, GJ Goldman, T TI No Lambda oscillations SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB We examine a recently published calculation which predicts an oscillatory behaviour for the decay of Lambda's produced together with a neutral kaon, and proposes a new expression for the wavelength of kaon strangeness oscillations. We modify the calculation by imposing the requirement that the interference of the K-L and K-S components of the kaon wave function occurs at a specific space-time point. With this requirement, the unusual results predicted vanish, and the conventional results are recovered. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV BIRMINGHAM,DEPT PHYS,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. UNIV NOTTINGHAM,SHELL CTR MATH EDUC,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD,ENGLAND. RP Lowe, J (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 384 IS 1-4 BP 288 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00811-8 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VK913 UT WOS:A1996VK91300046 ER PT J AU Bartels, J DelDuca, V DeRoeck, A Graudenz, D Wusthoff, M AF Bartels, J DelDuca, V DeRoeck, A Graudenz, D Wusthoff, M TI Associated jet production at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DIJET PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; RAPIDITY; PROBE; QCD; BEHAVIOR; POMERON AB We compare the BFKL prediction for the associated production of forward jets at HERA with fixed-order matrix element calculations taking into account the kinematical cuts imposed by experimental conditions. Comparison with H1 data of the 1993 run favours the BFKL prediction. As a further signal of BFKL dynamics, we propose to look for the azimuthal dependence of the forward jets. C1 UNIV EDINBURGH,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. DESY,D-22603 HAMBURG,GERMANY. CERN,DIV THEORY,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Bartels, J (reprint author), UNIV HAMBURG,INST THEORET PHYS 2,D-22761 HAMBURG,GERMANY. NR 20 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 384 IS 1-4 BP 300 EP 306 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00786-1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA VK913 UT WOS:A1996VK91300048 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chan, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Furetta, C Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirby, A Kirby, D Kirby, J Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kongeter, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, P Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lindemann, B Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Moller, M Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Ricker, A Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schulte, R Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Toker, O Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A AF Acciarri, M Adam, A Adriani, O AguilarBenitez, M Ahlen, S Alpat, B Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Antreasyan, D Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Borgia, B Boucham, A Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Brambilla, E Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buijs, A Bujak, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Buytenhuijs, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Caria, M Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Castello, R Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chan, A Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chan, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Choi, MT Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F delaCruz, B Dai, TS DAlessandro, R deAsmundis, R DeBoeck, H Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M vanDierendonck, D DiLodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dorne, I Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y ElMamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Felcini, M Furetta, C Ferguson, T Fernandez, D Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hangarter, K Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hebbeker, T Herve, A vanHoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Ilyas, MM Innocente, V Janssen, H Jin, BN Jones, LW deJong, P JosaMutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamyshkov, Y Kapinos, P Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M KienzleFocacci, MN Kim, D Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirby, A Kirby, D Kirby, J Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kongeter, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Koulbardis, A Kraemer, RW Kramer, T Krenz, W Kuijten, H Kunin, A deGuevara, P Landi, G Lapoint, C LassilaPerini, K Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P LeCoultre, P Lee, JS Lee, KY LeGoff, JM Leiste, R Lenti, M Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lieb, E Lin, WT Linde, FL Lindemann, B Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Ludovici, L Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Macchiolo, A Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ vonderMey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A vanMil, AJW Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Moller, M Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Nagy, E Nahn, S Napolitano, M NessiTedaldi, F Newman, H Nippe, A Nowak, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S PerretGallix, D Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Pinto, JC Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Raghavan, R RahalCallot, G Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S vanRhee, T Ricker, A Riemann, S Riemers, BC Riles, K Ro, S Robohm, A Rodin, J Rodriguez, FJ Roe, BP Rohner, S Romero, L RosierLees, S Rosselet, P vanRossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Santocchia, A Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V SchmidtKaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Schoeneich, B Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schulte, R Schultze, K Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Sens, JC Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Sticozzi, F Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Toker, O Tonisch, F Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tsaregorodtsev, A Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E VandeWalle, RT Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, YF Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zaccardelli, C Zalite, A Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A TI Observation of multiple hard photon final states at root s=130-140 GeV at LEP SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID BOSON PRODUCTION; L3 EXPERIMENT; HIGH-ENERGIES; E+E-->GAMMA-GAMMA; DECAY AB We have studied the process e(+)e(-)-->n gamma (n greater than or equal to 2) at an average center-of-mass energy of 133 GeV using the L3 detector at LEP. For an integrated luminosity of 4.95 pb(-1) we find one gamma gamma gamma gamma(gamma) final state with only hard photons. The rates of both gamma gamma gamma and gamma gamma events are consistent with QED expectations. The cross section of the reaction e(+)e(-) -->gamma gamma(gamma) in the polar range 16 degrees